THE EUROPAN COMPETITION IN FR ANCE
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Introduction
20 Projects
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Presentation of Europan
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Implementing the competition proposals
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Stages of a competition session
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Examples of implementation
12 Topics
32 Applications
14 Sites
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Useful information
Europan Jury 13 Oct. 2015 © Europan France
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Europan is a competition of ideas in architecture and urbanism that takes place every two years in some 20 European countries simultaneously, with a common theme and rules. In each country, sites are proposed by municipalities and their partners. The competition is followed by on-site implementation for the chosen teams.
Origins of the competition
T h e co m p et i t i o n b r i n g s to g et h e r yo u n g , multidisciplinary teams and urban authorities around a contemporary topic of exploration. This leads on to the challenge of developing and implementing projects. Europan supports the project owners and young professionals throughout the process: draf ting the site dossier, analysing project submissions, helping the selected teams following the competition, assistance with subsidies through a long-standing partnership with PUCA (Urbanism Construction Architecture Plan), expert input for the teams and local authorities.
Europan was set up in 1988 in Europe on the French model of the PAN – New Architecture Programme, under the country’s Construction Architecture Plan (PCA) – which launched a whole generation of well-known architects. It is restricted to young professionals under the age of 40 (European architects, urbanists and landscape architects can head teams, which should preferably be multidisciplinary and international). Since 1988…
To take part in Europan is to enter a “creative transcultural ecosystem” (Chris Younès, 2016).
Europan has fostered dialogue on ways of making the city at all scales. It is distinctive in its European dimension and its territorial embeddedness with local authorities and their numerous partners. 3
Europan Forum Badajoz October 2016
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Gouvernance Legal Status
Europan Europe
Europan is structured as a federation of organisations from some twenty participating European countries, encompassing elected officials, project owners, and experts in different disciplines, including architects and urban designers.
Europan Europe federates the national organisations and runs European level events. Its Scientific Council sets the tone by identifying topics of future relevance: the competition themes. They are identified through the analysis of innovations and through European level debates at the forums, with the involvement of Europan Europe’s Technical Committee and the Scientific Council. The themes thus emerge from a gradual process of construction that draws on the results of past sessions.
The technical and scientific coordination is provided by Europan Europe. In France, the competition is managed by Europan France and by the Europan Programme within GIP-Epau. Europan is backed by PUCA and the Ministry of Culture’s architecture directorate.
Participants in a session Economics of the competition
Local authorities
The competition is financed : -> by the participating local authorities and their partners (contracts with the Europan France Association). -> by the Ministry of Ecology and Community Transition/Territorial Cohesion-DGALN (subsidies paid to the Europan Programme, GIP-Epau) and the Ministry of Culture.
They are indispensable to the Europan process. First, they express their expectations and commit to the competition for one or more Europan sites. The local authorities involve local partners as early in the process as possible in order to construct a favourable project environment for the transition to implementation following the competition. Local authorities have the legitimacy to launch and manage experiments; their commitment ahead of the competition is a key factor for future implementations. --->
CitĂŠ de l'architecture et du patrimoine is also a Europan partner, and in this capacity organises events on its premises. The competition registration fee paid by entrants accounts for an average of (+ or -) 4% of the total Europan budget for a session (2 years). 5
Europan Forum Badajoz October 2016
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---> Partners
The jury
The juries are independent and sovereign. The two jury sittings are key moments for discussion with the experts and local authorities. In this role, the jury remains sensitive to the urban context, the partnership arrangements and the needs of each site, in order to facilitate the rapid launch of studies following the competition
In a shifting urban environment, public and private partners join forces with local authorities to reinforce their competences or fund studies. Public land institutions, public development structures, social landlords and real estate developers are some of the actors likely to support municipalities to work towards the transformation of a site. Europan advises local authorities to develop partnerships early on in the preparation of the site dossier.
The selected teams From fifteen to fifty teams may propose projects for each site and submit them anonymously. Only the three teams selected by the jury on each site will go on to meet the local authorities and site partners. They can draw on the experience of the Europan network and the experts, who are familiar with Europan’s history and way of doing things. The Europan label is a sign of recognition that attests to the quality of their work.
Experts The technical and organisational skills of the experts make them the second central players in the Europan process. The site experts help the local authorities to choose the site and produce the site dossier, which will be sent to the teams on the launch of the competition. The project experts form the technical committee responsible for analysing the project submissions. The postcompetition experts support municipalities in their strategic choices, represent Europan when necessary and advise the selected teams. In this way, the experts help to sustain the alliance between Europan and Local Authorities by supplying critical information at the different junctures of the competition, from project selection to the implementation process. 7
workshop forum Europan October 2016
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YEAR 1: PREPARATION 0. Announcement of the theme
ground to produce a site summary and then the site dossier. on the ground to produce a site summary and then the site dossier.
A session begins officially with the announcement of a session theme. Relating to contemporary architectural, urban and landscape design, this theme embodies Europan’s dimension as a competition of ideas. It is constructed through the accumulation of results from previous sessions. It is the European Scientific Committee that develops the theme and describes its content.
2. Site orientation seminar
An intermediate step in the joint construction of the site priorities, the site orientation seminar provides an opportunity for an initial, non-public presentation of the sites earmarked for the competition. A steering committee, consisting of future jury members, specialists in urban and architectural commissioning and personalities with expertise in the session theme, examines and discusses the proposed project sites in order to fine-tune the description of the issues and guide the responses of the future competitors. The collaboration between the sites and Europan is then formalised in an agreement (Site Charter) that defines the respective undertakings.
1. Finding and developing sites
Europan is always ready to consider future project sites, in parallel with the different session events. The first contacts can take place before the beginning of the session. However, the quest for sites becomes particularly active after the announcement of the theme: For its part, Europan France prospects for sites, while the territorial actors (local authorities but also intermediaries such as urban design agencies, architecture, urbanism and environment councils, state architectural and urban advisors, national architecture schools, public land agencies, public planning agencies) approach Europan France. In the first year of the session, work begins on the definition of a project site, its perimeter, its priorities and the site owner’s wishes regarding the theme. Europan France assigns and coordinates a site expert, who works with the local authorities on the
3. Site Charter
An agreement signed between local authorities, their partners and Europan France. In particular, the local authorities and their partners undertake to pay a subsidy that covers the two years of a session. Both the local authority and the partner public bodies need to reach internal agreement on a formal undertaking.
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4. Inter-session forum
In parallel, the projects are also sent to the site representatives and the jury members, so that they can conduct their own analysis.
The 1st forum of the session is an opportunity for European-level discussion between participants in previous sessions and those involved in the current session. Interchanges on these processes at different stages are valuable to all parties.
-> 6.2. First jury session
In the 1st jury session, the submissions are discussed and some 20% are shortlisted. The municipal representatives are invited to participate and their views are listened to. The jury deliberates and then votes behind closed doors.
YEAR 2 : THE COMPETITION 5. Launch of the competition
The competition is officially launched with the public unveiling of the sites and the opening of registration to young architectural, urban and landscape professionals. Site visits are then organised so that the candidates can familiarise themselves with the locality and meet the actors involved. The competitors then work on their projects until the submission deadline.
-> 6.3. Cities and Juries Forum The
2nd forum is an occasion for European discussion of the shortlisted projects. It is an opportunity to compare the innovative proposals submitted in different countries, to mull over the choices of the juries and the site representatives and to identify trends in the results.
6.Jury -> 6.1. Assessement of the projetct
The groundwork for the juries is laid by a technical committee made up of project experts who systematically analyse the submissions and produce a summary in the form of assessment reports. The technical committee proposes a shortlist for discussion.
-> 6.4. Second jury session
The 2nd jury session is the occasion for final deliberation, enriched by the forum discussions. It concludes with the selection of three projects for each site and the award 10
In parallel, meetings are held between the teams and the site representatives. This is the start of the next phase, laying the groundwork for the municipalities and partners to award commissions to the teams. This marks the transition from the competition phase to the onsite preoperational work.
of the prizes (winner, runner-up, special mention). The local authorities are again invited to join the discussions and to express their views. The jury deliberates and then votes behind closed doors. 7. Annoucement of results
The selected projects are publicly announced at European level, and each country then organises an award event. The anonymity of the teams is lifted, and they officially meet the session actors for the first time. The announcement is followed by events of different kinds: exhibitions, publications, debate.
9. Inter-session forum
The final forum is an opportunity for European level discussion of implementation procedures. This interchange feeds into changes in practice across Europe, by giving the teams and project owners a European arena for comparing notes.
YEAR 3 : FOLOW-UP AND EXPLOITATION 8. Meetings between municipalities and teams
The meeting between the selected teams and local authorities is officially marked by an event which initiates the postcompetition phase. The teams publicly present their projects to the site representatives, starting a debate on the projects and their potential implementation.
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Europan 15 - productive citizen 2 (2019-2020) : Ressources - Mobilites - Social Equity
The theme of Europan 15 continues the “Productive Cities” theme of Europan 14, exploring the incorporation of the productive dimension into the spatial mix. This complex issue is crucial to the future of contemporary European cities. In this session, Europan places particular emphasis on the question of ecological transition, linked with a vision of the future of the productive city.
-> Resources: how to limit resource consumption and pollution (water, air, ground, energy…)? How to share resources? How to devise technical and social innovations on this issue ? -> Mobilities: how to incorporate changing mobilities and accessibility into productive territories ? -> Equity : How can spatial equity contribute to social equity? How to connect the social and spatial? How to create a productive balance between territories, between urban and rural, between rich and poor ?
An ecological productive transition demands consideration of the synergies – rather than dualistic thinking – between ecosystems, between biotopes and artefacts, between functions and uses, between citizens… Creating synergy between these elements is another way to design and make the city of tomorrow and to empower urban actors in relation to the environment and social and cultural life.
These 3 categories can be applied at 3 scales : territorial, intermediate and micro.
Europan 15 is therefore an invitation to think about the architecture and landscape of these productive cities. Relating to this challenge of new productive conditions of transformation, three questions are identified : 12
List of themes E 07
E 15
Productive cities 2: Resources - Mobilities - Social Equity
Suburban challenge, urban intensity and housing diversity
2019 ---> 2020
2003 ---> 2004
E 06
E 14
In-between cities, architectural dynamics and new urbanity
Productive cities 2017 ---> 2018
2000 ---> 2002 E 13 E 05
The adaptable city 2 New landscapes of housing, travel and proximity
2015 ---> 2016
1997 ---> 2000 E 12
The adaptable city 1
E 04
2012 ---> 2014
Rebuilding the city on the city, transformation of contemporary urban sites
E 11
1994 ---> 1996
Resonance between living areas and lifestyles E 03
2010 ---> 2012
At home in the city, urbanising r esidential neighbourhoods
E 10
1992 ---> 1994
Inventing urban quality. Regeneration, revitalisation, colonisation E 02
2008 ---> 2010
Inhabiting the city, regenerating urban sites
E 09
1990 ---> 1991
European urban quality. Sustainable city and new public spaces E 01
2006 ---> 2008
Lifestyle changes and residential architectures
E 08
1988 ---> 1990
European urban quality & strategic 2004 ---> 2006
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Europan directs attention to several spatial scales. Some of its sites are large or very large, raising territorial, strategic and landscape issues. Some mid-sized sites require an urban and architectural perspective. Smaller sites cover one or more plots, but impact on crucial larger scale priorities.
It is also possible to introduce multisite elements, i.e. exploratory themes linked with one or more sites in the city or in a broader landscape (cf. la Corrèze E13, Angers E14, Amsterdam E14). The programme may equally concentrate on issues of public space, project processes, urban renovations or heritage transformation, and can anticipate multi-programme architectural projects with private or public partners. From experience, Europan recommends that several partners should join forces to propose a competition site, reflecting the multiplicity of the actors involved in urban transformation: municipalities, intermunicipal structures, conurbations, metropolitan centres, regions, public institutions, developers, private partners, as well as state structures that act as networks and relays for public policies (regional services, consultant architects, architecture, urbanism and environment councils, universities‌). It is also possible to involve civil society organisations.
Depending on the priorities set by the municipality, the site dossier establishes three competition perimeters : -> A strategic perimeter indicates the scale of the total study area ; -> A project perimeter indicates the area designated for competition entries ; -> Sometimes, plots are identified when they possess particular qualities for experimental implementations (ownership of the land, specific expectations of partners).
E14 - Aerial view of Bègles
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Location
Town of Bègles, Bordeaux Métropole, Bègles Garonne Sector Population
750,000 inhabitants (Bordeaux Métropole) 26,400 (Town of Bègles) Study site
32 ha Project site
6,5 ha + 4,4 ha SIte proposed by
Bègles municipality, Bordeaux Métropole, Bordeaux Euratlantique EPA (Public Development Body)
Bègles
Situated one hour from the centre of Bordeaux, this location at the entry to the metropolitan region is the fomer site of the Bègles dockworks and eel-drying industry. The conversion of the territory to a mixed and active metropolitan district, which is already underway, demanded projects for two operational sites, the paperworks and the Coliposte site. The attractive location on the edge of the River Garonne demanded a rethinking of the centuries-old relationship to the river in the light of the planned downgrading of the raised motorway. The challenge of this conversion was to fit in with a territorial vision of urban and environmental quality, without driving out industrial activity. The existing dynamics linked with digital technology and environmental intelligence provided the competitors with programmatic orientations.
Land ownership
Private owners (ETEX group for the paperworks - Poste IMMO for the Coliposte platform) Scale
L+S
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Location
Saint-Brieuc Brittany (22) Population
46,000 inhabitants (Saint-Brieuc Town) 119,000 (Saint-Brieuc Agglomération Baie d’Armor) Study site
350 ha Project site
70 ha (town center) 6 ha (le Légué brownfield site)
Saint-Brieuc
The development of the city of Saint-Brieuc has been restricted by its pronounced relief, made up of contrasting landscapes of urban plateaus and large valleys with wooded slopes. Its identity is divided between upper town and lower town, between mineral and vegetation, between land and sea. Redesigning the routes through the town required an overall vision. The establishment of new urban and landscape continuities was perceived as a way to reshape the connection between public spaces in the station district, the town centre, the Gouédic and Gouët Valleys as far as the port of Légué. The ultimate aim was to create a new relationship between land and sea.
Site proposed by
Saint-Brieuc municipality, with the following partner : EPFB (Établissement Public Foncier de Bretagne) Maîtrise du foncier
Various Échelle
XL
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Location
Ussel - Argentat Turenne (19) Population
242,454 inhabitants (la Corrèze Département) 9948 inhabitants (Commune d’Ussel) 3106(Commune d’Argentat) 822 (Commune de Turenne) Project site
28 km² (Turenne) 22 km² (Argentat) 50 km² (Ussel) Site proposed by
the municipalities of Turenne, Argentat and Ussel, the Departemental Land Diirectorate (DDT) 19
La Corrèze
This site, unprecedented in Europan’s history, encompasses three villages several tens of kilometres apart for a joint exploration of the future of rural areas located away from zones of metropolitan influence. The effects of demographic shrinkage, changing ways of life and economic contraction, demand both forward-looking ideas and experimental approaches suited to the three communities. Europan gave candidates three sites in one to think about: Ussel wanted to revitalise its town centre and to improve its services in developing areas. Argentat offered a formr shopping site to devise an intergenerational habitat and a place of social vitality. Turenne wanted to develop the station neighbourhood, with its evening and morning rail service, as part of its master plan. The teams were therefore invited to use their projects to explore multiscale forms of sharing and solidarity.
Land ownership
various on the different sites Échelle
L+S
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Ussel
Turenne
Argentat
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Exhibition E13 Maison de l'Architecture Bordeaux 2016 photo © Arthur Péquin
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E13 - Les Grandes Manœvres - François Dantart, Delphine Courroye, Eva Januel, Aurélien Le Roux, Marcel Malhère, Romain Marten, Silvia Pianese - Bordeaux Caserne de la Benauge - runner-up project image : axonometry of caserne de la Benauge.
E13 - Base Vie - Florent Vidaling, Camille Le Bivic Goussainville - Winning project, image : Cross section on rue Brûlée. 22
E13 - Des Îles Partagées - Archipel (group of architects) La Corrèze Winning project, image : L’Archipel Théorique.
E14 - Articulations productives - Meriem Chabani, Etienne Chobaux, John Edom, Guebwiller Winning project, image : axonometric drawing. 23
E 06 - photograph of project implementation, Roubaix, 2011 © Luc Bœgly
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What is an Europan implementation ?
for the purpose of confirming the suitability to a limited number of implementations of the projects chosen by the Government for a national public research, testing and experimentation programme, can, for the purpose of their implementation, sign project management or works contracts following a competitive tendering process under the present law, which is restricted to economic operators chosen from those whose projects have been selected by the jury of the national public programme, following the issue of a public invitation to tender.” An experimental protocol is signed between the purchaser and the body responsible for the national programme.
The commissions awarded by public or private operators within the perimeter of the competition site may be considered to be Europan implementations on certain conditions : -> All or some of the teams selected in the competition must be involved. -> The projects selected by the jury constitute a starting point. -> The experimental approach must be maintained. The experimental approach takes different forms, but it is always about pursuing the ideas proposed by the candidates in the competition. So Europan implementations cover the whole spectrum of planning and construction: urban design commissions, feasibility, blueprints, preliminary studies, project coordination, land strategies, consultation, public space and/or architectural project management.
Local authorities and their partners are then able to award commissions to the teams immediately upon announcement of the results, following the procedure that most closely matches their objectives.
Often, the competition triggers a project dynamic on a site where the urban context attracts a lot of attention: social, partnership, unusual land ownership structures. It helps local authorities and partners to develop a suitable commission for the site concerned, originating in the competition proposal.
The competitive procedures specified in public contract law can be limited to the three selected teams. Through advice and expert support, Europan encourages local authorities to adapt their commissions to the proposals made in the competition. Some proposals may be implemented very quickly, others over several years. The competition proposals may be developed on new project sites within the study perimeter. The teams may work separately or together. They can bring in new disciplines if necessary.
Implementing the competition proposals
From a public contract perspective, the competition resembles an initial shortlist. It enables operators who are subject to competitive tendering requirements to limit access to tenders following the competition. In fact, Europan is part of a national programme of experiment in the fields of architecture, construction and spatial planning (PUCA). This flexibility in the competition is based on Article 97 of Order No. 2016-360 of 25 March 2016 on public contracts, which specifies that: “Purchasers wishing to implement structures
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Project to improve and revitalise the village centre Commission Commissioning Entity
Roissy Pays de France Conurbation, with Fosses municipality Procedure
call for tenders restricted to the three selected teams Size of contract
80 000 € Before tax Team Representatives
Ter.a.u (Alline Corréa Bouric, Morvan Rabin), urbanists Joint contractors
La forme et l’usage, landscape architects, Nantes Transversal, Jean-Michel Roux, Polimorph programming and operational setup adviser, consultation expert Nunc, heritage and presentation Terre de liens, farming organisation
After session 12 of Europan in the town of Fosses, following a tendering process restricted to the three teams, the municipality selected a team for an urban study on the old village. The chosen team proposed a method based on coconstruction, following the approach suggested by the tender specifications: “The goal of this study is the emergence of an ambitious but feasible shared global project for the village centre, both in its layout and territorial structure, and in its uses (…). The scale and scope of the commission invites the team to set a precise framework for the implementation of the study, consistently with the ideas developed in the competition. The participatory nature of the approach calls for plasticity in the commission, which should be adaptable during the course of the assignment within preset time and cost limits.”
Expertise
Albert-Gilles Cohen Emmanuel Redoutey
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Commission
Outline Plan for town centre public spaces
Commissioning Entity
The example of Saint-Brieuc in Europan session 13 illustrates the plasticity of the approach. Given impetus by a winning team, the Municipality took advantage of the competition to organise an immediate process to clear the Gouédic Valley by building viewpoints in it. A preparation workshop was very quickly conducted on-site, an opportunity for the three teams to meet and work with the client. Building on these two experiences, the Municipality launched a tender with the three teams selected in Europan 13 to produce an outline plan for the town centre’s public spaces.
Saint-Brieuc Municipality Procedure
call for tenders ltd to the three selected teams SIze of contract
93 000 € TTC after tax fixed stage Contract term
5 month Team Awarded to
Atelier Chervet Chastel, architects and urbanists with the following partners: Quarta, roads, utilities and environment design office Maïos, consultation and communication
This evolving document begins by proposing a rethink of the interfaces with the wider landscape. To restore the town centre to its full role, it suggests a short and medium-term programme of pilot operations employing the competition teams in project management roles.
Expertise
Emmanuel Redoutey Léa Hommage
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Commission 01
Urban feasibility study for the Preux district for each of the teams Commissioning Entity
Saint-Herblain Municipality Size of contract
€15,000 before tax for each team
Urban and architectural studies for the Preux district
Saint-Herblain commissioned the three teams to conduct an urban feasibility study, which included parts where they worked together (diagnoses and consultation workshops) and the development of their competition proposals in revised conditions. This exploratory period enabled the Municipality to develop the specifications for an in-depth study, consisting of an outline plan and different commissions, including project management on public spaces.
Contract term
6 months Commission 02
Urban programming study for the Preux district Commissioning Entity
Saint-Herblain Municipality
Following this work, the three teams bid for a large contract for the next four years. The Chuck agency was awarded the commission. Its winning project, “Métacentre: the emergence of a garden territory” seeks to create a linear central area parallel to the big arteries that link the centre of the different districts from Cremetterie to Atlantis (shopping area) via Preux, which thus becomes a hub in its own right.
Procedure
call for tenders restricted to the three selected teams Size of contract
208 000 € before tax Contract term
4 years (2016-2020) Lead team
Atelier Chuck, architects urbanists, Paris Expertise
Fabien Gantois
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Europan communicates via social media and a website that holds all the projects selected by the juries, as well as implementations. There are regular publications in journals such as Urbanisme, Traits Urbains, Archi Crée, Le Moniteur and Architecture d’Aujourd’hui.
Europan publicises the projects and winning teams at national and European levels through exhibitions and print and digital publications. In particular, a catalogue presenting the European results and a national catalogue are published after each session. Events, meetings and debates are also held at Cité de l’Architecture et du Patrimoine and in institutions such as Architecture Centres and Architecture Schools.
Catalogues
E13 results in Europe E13 results in France
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Implementation
Specialist Press
Analysis of the E13 results Traits Urbains supplement No. 85
Idées en mutations 2008-2012, catalogue of Europan implementations
Special issue, Journal Urbanisme No. 60, 2017 L'éloge de l'entre deux, les villas Sarrailà Roubaix implementation monograph 33
BE PART
Local Authorities, Planning Agencies, Architecture Centres, CAUE, State Architects and Urban Designers, Schools, Agencies, ...
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OF EURO PAN.15 . Febuary 2019 competition launch. Decembre 2019
annoucement of results.
how to take part ? contact@europanfrance.org
is looking for sites
2018, Europan 30th birthday
In France, three entities support the competition; Europan France, PUCA and le GIP-Epau Europan France Association
Europan France Association
Alain Maugard, President Barthélémy Raynaud, Vice-president Corinne Bertone, Trésorière Isabelle Moulin, Secretary-General Louis Vitalis, Assistant, Project Management
16 bis rue François Arago 93100 Montreuil 01 48 57 72 66 contact@europanfrance.org www.europanfrance.org www.facebook.com/EuropanFrance www.twitter.com/EuropanFrance www. vimeo.com/europanfrance
GIP-Epau Hélène Peskine, Directrice générale Isabelle Moulin, Directrice du programme Europan PUCA
GIP-Epau Grande Arche de la Défense - Arche Sud 92055 La Défense Cedex
Hélène Peskine, Secrétaire Permanente
PUCA
Europan Europe Association
(Plan Urbanisme Construction Architecture) www.urbanisme-puca.gouv.fr/
Anna Catasta, Presidente Didier Rebois, Secretary-General Françoise Bonnat, publications, administration, archives Gautier Berlemont, website, communication, events, rules, sites.
Graphic Design Depli Design Studio Translation John Crisp
Europan Europe 16 bis rue François Arago 93100 Montreuil - France +33 9 62 52 95 98 contact@europan-europe.eu www.europan-europe.eu
CONTACT contact@europanfrance.org www.europanfrance.org +33 (0)1 48 57 72 66