Jewish Cemetery: Surveys in Poland by ESJF

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

CONDUCTED BY ESJF

ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

CONDUCTED BY THE ESJF

FIRST PRINT PRESENTED TO THE POLISH GOVERNMENT

IN DEEP APPRECIATION

ISAAC SCHAPIRA, PRESIDENT AND FOUNDER

ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative WARSAW, JULY 4, 2024

This report was compiled by Kateryna Malakhova PhD, ESJF Director of Historical Research, from survey material on Jewish cemeteries in Poland performed by ESJF surveyors between 2020 and 2024. The report includes an extensive legal section initially prepared as part of a report for the European Commission on the legal status of Jewish cemeteries in Central and Eastern Europe written by Agnes Kende in 2022.

The publication of this report and the completion of the national survey of Jewish cemeteries in Poland was made possible through the generous contribution of of the Schapira family.

First published 2024

Some rights reserved.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

Research and Authorship: Kateryna Malakhova

Legal Section: Agnes Kende

Editing: Philip Carmel

Layout and Graphics: Taras Mosienko

Introduction

The history of Jewish communities across Central and Eastern Europe is rich and varied, stretching back millennia. In a few short years, the Holocaust brought the long history of thousands of these communities to a cruel and abrupt end. Without their owners to safeguard and preserve them, many of these Jewish cemeteries have fallen into disrepair, and after 80 years of vandalism and neglect, many are at risk of disappearing entirely, bringing the last physical testament to these ancient communities with them.

The ESJF European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative is a German-based nonprofit established in 2015 by Rabbi Isaac Schapira with the core objective of protecting and preserving Jewish cemeteries across Europe through the accurate delineation of cemetery boundaries and the construction of walls and gates.

Thanks to consecutive grants from the Federal Republic of Germany since 2015 as well as private donations, the ESJF has succeeded in fencing over 300 Jewish cemeteries across Europe. The ESJF has also received funding from the European Union (EU) since 2018, which has been used to conduct mass surveys using cutting edge drone technology and conducting educational outreach.

In order to fulfill our mission, the initiative has developed a strong and sustainable administrative and research structure and created standardised models for engineering, halachic methodology and cost effectiveness, contributing to the success of our work across Europe.

ESJF works to protect Jewish cemeteries in Central and Eastern Europe in what we term “designated areas for priority work”, which can be understood as all the former Soviet bloc, as well as South-Eastern Europe. The ESJF’s mission is therefore not only urgent, but vast.

Between 2019-2022, with funding from the European Union, the ESJF surveyed and mapped 4,097 Jewish cemeteries across nine European countries, including Poland, Ukraine, Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, Croatia, Georgia, Moldova and Greece, using cutting edge drone technology. With the data gathered, we created a comprehensive, open-access database of European Jewish cemeteries with maps and descriptions of each cemetery visited.

Poland, once home to the largest Jewish community in the world, had some 500 of its cemeteries surveyed by the ESJF during the course of this project. However, the ESJF has been committed to continuing our survey work and wished to complete a national report on this key area of Jewish cemeteries in Europe. Thanks to funding from the Schapira family, we were able to complete this task and this report details the current situation of Polish cemeteries and the critical need to protect them while we still can.

Background

Jewish presence in Poland can be traced back to the Middle Ages. With the legal protection of the 1264 Statute of Kalisz, Jewish communities could flourish. In the following years Jewish privileges were extended which resulted in a wave of Jewish migration to the territory of the Kingdom of Poland. By the middle of the seventeenth century, the Jewish community of Poland-Lithuania was the largest in the world.

With the 1795 third partition of Poland, it became difficult to identify a specific Polish Jewry as the territory of the country fell under the domination of three empires, namely, the Russian, the Prussian, and the Austrian. Polish Jews suddenly found themselves spread across different sovereign states, a situation that often forced them to integrate into new cultures.

Poland regained its independence during the turbulent years of 1918. After World War I, Jews were among the thousands who perished in pogroms instigated by Polish, Ukrainian and Russian civilians and military forces.

Despite restricted economic opportunities, a rising number of antisemitic incidents and pogroms, and growing tension between a multicultural Poland and increasing nationalism, Jewish life and culture flourished: schools, youth movements, sports clubs, theatre, cinema, literature and the press developed massively.

However, the increasing nationalism and hostility in the newly established Polish Republic, challenged life for Polish Jews. The outbreak of the Second World War initiated a new and tragic period in the history of the Jews of northeastern Europe. Following the Nazi occupation of the country, the majority of Jewish citizens of Poland were murdered and imprisoned. Between March and July 1942, the Germans established three death camps in Poland (Operation Reinhard) close to main rail lines: Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka. With the arrival of the deportation trains, the victims — men, women, and children — were sent to the gas chambers. Some three million Polish Jews perished in the Shoah, with only around 380,000 Polish Jews still alive in Poland, the Soviet Union, or in the concentration camps in Germany, Austria and the Czech territories.

Jewish assets and property, both private and communal, were also confiscated by the Nazis. Destruction of Jewish cemeteries was common — both as a means to demoralise the ‘enemy’ and to remove headstones and other stone materials, primarily for road building. Without the maintenance provided by the Jewish communities, decimated as a result of the devastation caused by the war and the subsequent emigration of survivors, the cemeteries fell into neglect and were often the target of unchecked development, theft and vandalism.

Background

Since the 1980s, a number of government and public organizations in Poland, both national and Jewish, have been actively working to study, preserve and protect Jewish heritage, including cemeteries. A considerable work has been done by the Jewish Historical Institute (Żydowski Instytut Historyczny or ŻIH), the National Heritage Institute (Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa or NID), the research team of the POLIN Museum, the Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland (Zwiazek Gmin Wyznanionych Zydowskich w Polsce or ZGWŻ) and the Foundation for the Preservation of Jewish Heritage in Poland (Fundacja Ochrony Dziedzictwa Żydowskiego, or FODZ). Partial restitution of Jewish cemeteries has been carried out, and lists and catalogues have been compiled which can form the basis for state protection of all Jewish cemeteries in the country.

However, today a significant percentage of Jewish cemeteries in Poland are still abandoned, unprotected and of uncertain legal status. These cemeteries are unique witnesses to the life of Polish Jewry, which for centuries was the cultural and religious centre of European Jewry. They are sacred places for Jews as well as priceless historical monuments. Their protection and preservation is our top priority.

The Surveys

During 2020-2022, ESJF conducted a survey of around 500 Jewish cemeteries in Poland. This was achieved initially within the framework of funding from the European Commission as part of a wider project operating in nine other countries and encompassed the surveys of around half of the country’s Jewish cemeteries. The surveys of the remaining half of Poland’s Jewish cemeteries was achieved thanks to a generous private donation from the Schapira family.

These surveys in Poland are part of an ongoing ESJF project to localize and delineate, photograph and drone film, which describe the condition and threat level of Jewish cemeteries in Eastern and Central Europe.

The goal of the project is to ensure the physical protection of endangered Jewish cemeteries and to draw the attention of local activists and stakeholders at all levels to the need to preserve them.

Cemetery lists and methodology

In compiling the cemetery lists, the ESJF relied on two of the most comprehensive and reliable national databases of Jewish cemeteries:

The Polin Museum database, available at sztetl.org.pl. This list includes information on about 1,130 Jewish cemeteries on the territory of modern Poland. The main indicated parameters on this database are location, period of foundation or dating, brief history and photographs. Unfortunately, the location and dating are often inaccurate, and the photographs are not always representative of the current state of the sites.

Catalogues produced by the National Heritage Institute (NID) “Cmentarze Zydowskie” (Warszawa, 2018) which contain 1,078 verified locations of Jewish cemeteries. This information is quite accurate, including precise coordinates, a description of the condition of the monument, and a link to historical maps confirming the location. This NID research together with the POLIN Museum is ongoing, and the obtained materials are being included in the national database of historical monuments (https://zabytek.pl)

Comparison of these two databases, as well as with other sources — international databases, historical documents and memoirs, individual local and regional studies — allowed ESJF to obtain fairly complete and reliable lists, which formed the basis of field survey. To date, the ESJF database of Polish cemeteries is now the largest and most comprehensive available, containing 1,200 individual sites.

Localization and maps

One of the objectives of the project is to accurately locate and map the cemetery, as well as determine its boundarie s. For this purpose, a number of historical topographic maps were used on which Jewish cemeteries are marked:

Polish WIG maps at a scale of 1:25,000 and 1:100,000 from 1920—1939,

German topographic maps 1:25,000 (Messtischblatt or TK25) from 1877—1915

Topographic maps of the Russian Empire («One-mile map of the western border area», 1:42,000, 1880s —1914)

In some cases, large-scale Habsburg Empire cadastral maps (1820s-1910s) were used.

The historical maps helped to locate some cemeteries that were missing from these databases — for example, the demolished and overbuilt Terespol New cemetery.

To check the current state of land plots and current cemetery boundaries, the modern land cadaster (geoportal.gov.pl) was used.

Categorization

The main objective of the project is to identify the degree of preservation and protection of recorded cemeteries. Accordingly, cemeteries were divided into

Preserved, that is, those where at least one tombstone has been preserved (in situ or restored).

Demolished, on which the tombstones were not preserved.

The preserved cemeteries are divided into 1) protected and fenced, 2) unfenced, therefore, endangered.

The demolished cemeteries were divided into:

1) demolished and overbuilt. In these cases not only tombstones, but also burials were lost,

2) demolished but which has not been built over. These are the cemeteries where the tombstones were used for various needs by the authorities or the local population, however, the burials were most likely preserved.

Jewish sections in municipal cemeteries were allocated into a separate category. As Jewish sections are part of the municipal cemeteries, they do not require separate protection and are protected by the state as a municipal cemetery.

Thus, cemeteries were divided into five categories, reflecting the preservation and protection state of the object:

Fenced and protected Jewish cemeteries

Unfenced Jewish cemeteries

Jewish sections within municipal cemeteries

Demolished Jewish cemeteries that have not been built over

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemeteries

The Results

General results

1,200 cemeteries were surveyed in all regions on the territory of the Republic of Poland (16 voivodeships).

This list may not be complete: some cemeteries, especially those destroyed long before World War II, were impossible to locate or to confirm their existence, so they were not included into the database. As our work continues, the lists will be updated.

It should be noted, however, that the lists compiled by the ESJF are the most complete to date:

General statistics

The physical condition of the described Jewish cemeteries, reflected in the distribution by categories, is shown in the following table.

Level of preservation

Preserved with at least one tombstone 554 (46%)

Demolished and overbuilt 304 (25%)

Demolished that have not been overbuilt 342 (29%)

The ESJF study showed a very low level of preservation of Jewish cemeteries in Poland.

At least one tombstone in situ has been preserved in 554 Jewish cemeteries, which is 46.17%, or less than half.

Demolished or destroyed — 53.83% (646 cemeteries).

Among these: cemeteries in which no tombstones have been preserved, but burials may have been preserved — 342.

304 cemeteries (a quarter of the total, 25.33%) — have been demolished and built over, i.e. lost.

This figure of 53% demolished or destroyed cemeteries is the highest percentage of demolished cemeteries obtained by ESJF during research in 11 countries of Central and Eastern Europe. To compare: in Greece — 51%, Ukraine — 35%, Slovakia — 11%.

Note that almost all demolished cemeteries are known and registered in Poland, as opposed to many other countries. This is also a factor in the Polish results, influencing the high rate of demolished cemeteries.

Demolished cemeteries

A majority of the Jewish communities in Eastern and Central Europe were completely or partially destroyed during the Nazi occupation, often along with synagogues and cemeteries. After WWII, most of the surviving community members emigrated or were assimilated into the general population. As a result, many Jewish cemeteries were left without communities that could support and protect them.

The destruction of cemeteries in Poland took place over many stages. The following stages can be distinguished, being actual to different extent in different territories:

The destruction of Jewish cemeteries prior to World War II. This mostly includes destruction of old cemeteries by local authorities as a result of infrastructural development and/or removing the old cemeteries to the new locations.

Destruction during the Nazi occupation in 1939-1944

Demolition by Soviet-dependent authorities between the late 1940s and 1980s as a part of anti-clerical or antisemitic policies

Consistent theft of gravestones by local residents in the intervening years.

Intentional and antisemitic vandalism

Among the factors influencing the destruction of Jewish cemeteries in the past were the features of the Shoah in the region, the decisions and policies of the local authorities, the presence of the Jewish population and communities in the post-war period, and the general level of antisemitism in the region.

The survey showed major differences in preservation levels between the south-eastern and central voivodeships.

Demolished cemeteries by regions

The eastern regions and Warmia-Mazurskie Voivodeship have a predictably high percentage of cemeteries demolished (60% on average). This is most likely explained by the fact that these regions were part of Germany until 1939; Jewish heritage sites in these areas shared the fate of cemeteries and synagogues in Germany.

However, the rest of Poland shows a dramatic difference in the proportion of cemeteries demolished: from an average of 80% in Wielkopolskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Pomorskie voivodeships to 14% to 50% on average in the remaining regions, with a clear geographical boundary between the two regions.

The Results

This could be explained by the different administrative statuses of those territories after German annexation in 1939. While the approximate territories of Pomerania, KuyaviaPomerania and Greater Poland were annexed to the Reich directly, the rest were in the General Governorate, a separate administrative unit under German rule. This would likely have had different impact on the Jewish cemeteries in these specific regions in 1939-1941.

Podlaskie voivodeship in the north-east has a surprisingly low rate of demolished cemeteries — only 36%. This territory was annexed by the USSR in 1939 and transferred to Germany in 1941 as Bialystok bezirk. It could be assumed that in 1939-1941 in that territory under Soviet rule the Jewish cemeteries were not demolished or were demolished less*.

Poland territories in 1939

* The ESJF study did not always record information about the period of cemetery destruction. As a rule, this requires additional research. Therefore, the conclusions given above should be regarded as assumptions.

Physical protection level

Requiring protection 560 (47%)

Demolished and overbuilt 304 (25%)

Protected 336 (28%)

The survey showed that 336 (28% of the total) Jewish cemeteries in Poland have physical protection (fencing) of their territory. This figure includes both fenced Jewish cemeteries and a small number of Jewish sections of municipal cemeteries, protected as part of these sites.

560 cemeteries (46.67%) still require such protection. Among these, 218 Jewish cemeteries with the tombstones preserved and 342 cemeteries with no tombstones, but where the graves may have been preserved.

The remaining 304 cemeteries (25.33% of the total), as shown above, have been destroyed and their territory has been built upon.

In comparison with other countries where the ESJF project is active, the percentage of cemeteries requiring protection in Poland is close to the average - for example, the same as in Ukraine (also 46%), more than in Croatia (around 27%) and less than in Slovakia (51%)

Cemeteries requiring protection by regions

The largest number of cemeteries requiring protection was recorded in Wielkopolskie (77), Mazowieckie (68), Lubelskie (60) and Podlaskie (53) voivodeships.

These higher figures are primarily due to the presence of the largest total number of cemeteries in these regions: Wielkopolskie 136, Mazowieckie 138, Lubelskie 122 and Podlaskie 89. Accordingly, more than half of all known cemeteries require protection in these regions.

The least alarming situation was detected in the southern voivodeships:

Śląskie (17, which is 26% of the total), Małopolskie (15, 24%), Opolskie (11, 32%), Dolnośląskie (20, 34%) and Podkarpackie (37, 39%).

As stated above, the ESJF includes in the number of cemeteries requiring physical protection those with no tombstones, but where the burials are likely to have been preserved. According to Jewish law, these sites retain their status as Jewish cemeteries. However, from the point of view of the protection of historical monuments, and therefore also generally of many local administrations, the situation is different. The tombstones are a unique source of information on the Jewish communities, and thus have tended to be a more obvious material object of protection.

The highest amount of preserved unprotected Jewish cemeteries was recorded in Podlaskie (40, which is 44.9% of total, 70% of all preserved), Lubelskie (25, 20.5%, 43% of all preserved), Podkarpackie (24, 25.2%, 35% of all preserved) voivodeships.

The lowest numbers recorded are in Kujawsko-Pomorskie (2), Dolnośląskie (2), Pomorskie (4), Wielkopolske (7), Opole (7), Malopolskie (9) and Swietokrzyskie (9).

The following map shows the actual level of physical protection of cemeteries in Poland today - namely, the number of fenced Jewish cemeteries by region:

Physical protection by regions

The map also shows the percentage of fenced cemeteries

(in black) as compared to the total number of known cemeteries (in grey) to the number of cemeteries that are not built upon and therefore can be fenced. This figure shows the amount of work already done to fence cemeteries in relation to that which remains to be done. (in white) to the number of cemeteries where tombstones have been preserved in situ. This figure is the ratio of protected cemeteries to those where the tombstones remain at risk*.

*The object of this ESJF survey was to define the condition of the entire cemetery territory within its historical boundaries. Therefore, in this report, the ESJF does not touch upon the separate topic of memorialization of Jewish cemeteries, installation of memorials and memorial plaques, as well as the presence of lapidariums, which nevertheless play a vital role in the protection of cemeteries.

Major threats for unprotected cemetery sites

Land Development. The territory of cemeteries that do not have the legal status of a cemetery can be developed by the state or sold to private individuals and used for development. Private houses, enterprises, public and commercial establishments arise on the territory of cemeteries. 342 Jewish cemeteries in Poland with no tombstones preserved are at the highest risk of such development.

Iława, a parking lot on the Jewish cemetery site

Agriculture. The territory of cemeteries that do not have clear physical boundaries can be illegally used for private agriculture: fruit and vegetable gardens, orchards, fields or pastures. The survey registered at least 21 cases of such use in Poland, which include ploughed-over fields (Nowe Brzesko, Przytoczno and others), gardens (Nowe, Bychawa (new), Jarczów and others), cattle grazing (Stopnica New, Orneta)

Nowe Brzesko, a field on the site of the Jewish cemetery

Tombstone theft. Abandoned cemeteries, with neither ongoing maintenance nor physical fencing, often become a source of material for construction or other household needs of local residents. The Foundation for the Preservation of Jewish Heritage in Poland (FODZ) cites a police investigation from 2006 where a number of matzevot (headstones) were found in workshops in Chełm.

Vandalism . Intentional acts of vandalism associated with antisemitic sentiment are most often expressed in the damage to tombstones and antisemitic graffiti. According to FODZ, there have been over 30 instances of vandalism since 2009. Although the perpetrators were apprehended in some cases, in many cases, police investigations resulted with no perpetrators identified. Some of the investigations are still ongoing and some have been reported with no mention of any police action.

Zabrze, a broken tombstone

Encroachment by non-Jewish cemeteries. Where the area of abandoned and non-demarcated Jewish cemeteries adjoins Christian cemeteries, the expanding Christian cemetery can absorb the Jewish area. This can happen both illegally and with the permission of the local authorities. An example is a Jewish cemetery in Środa Wielkopolska, on the site of which is now a Christian cemetery (Cmentarz Powstańców Wielkopolskich).

Środa Wielkopolska, the territory of a former Jewish cemetery

Protecting cemeteries from these threats requires work in the legal field (assigning the status of a cemetery and legal protection of the territory at the state and local levels), educational work with the local population and authorities, and the development of research and museum projects as well. However, a necessary part of the cemetery protection is physical protection of the cemetery site — that is, the construction of a fence.

Legal Status and Ownership

After the Second World War, many Jewish cemeteries and other communal properties in Poland became state property. The restitution of this property, previously offered to other religious communities, was finally made available to the Jewish community with the Law of 20 February 1997 (Law on the Relationship between the States and Jewish communities). This law regulates relations between the Polish state and the Jewish community and gives the community the right to pursue the restitution of communal property — receiving, if successful, either the property itself or some form of compensation (financial or real estate).

Foundation for the Protection of Jewish Heritage in Poland (FODZ)

This organisation can file claims for the return of synagogues, cemeteries, and community headquarters, as well as buildings that were used for other religious, educational, or charitable activities. Claims by the local Jewish community, whose opportunity for filing claims under the 1997 law expired in 2002, totalled 5,504. As of December 2013 (the last available statistics) 6,535 hearings have been held which have either completely or partially resolved 2,398 cases. Out of those, 1,074 cases have resulted in either return of the property, replacement of the property or monetary compensation. This amounts to a successful claims rate of around 45%. The restitution process was criticised by NGOs and some observers for its slow pace and the reluctance of the Polish government to return valuable property in some cases. It was complicated by the fact that the previous owners of many of the properties in question had either acquired them illegally or in forced sales from persecuted Jewish owners, and the laws on property restitution did not address the issue of communal properties to which private third parties held title.

The restitution of property formerly belonging to private individuals, less pertinent in the case of Jewish cemeteries, has been more problematic, with several attempts to enact legislation vetoed because of budgetary and other implications. Although the Polish Prime Minister told the European Jewish Congress in 2007 that he would do ‘everything possible to have legislation passed by the end of the year’, there has not been any movement on that front. Notwithstanding the Terezin Declaration in 2009, where 46 countries came together to try and bring some justice to the victims of theft during the Holocaust, Poland is the only EU member not to pass private property restitution legislation. Moreover, the Polish Foreign minister expressed that there are legal resources through regular Polish laws to address the issues of restitution. However, as has been seen in practice, Polish legislation has been terribly ineffective for Holocaust cases.

Legal Status and Ownership

As such, in spite of Article 2(2) of the Law of 31 January 1959 on Cemeteries and Burying the Deceased which states that responsibility for the maintenance and management of religious cemeteries is the responsibility of religious associations, only a relatively small number of Jewish cemeteries in Poland are now formally in the care of the Union of Jewish Communities (Zwiazek Gmin Zydowskich). Many abandoned cemeteries in areas without Jewish communities are nominally cared for by the Provincial Conservationists Office; others are owned by private individuals.

During research performed by the ESJF in 2019, information on the ownership/ jurisdiction was gathered for 260 Jewish cemeteries in Poland. Among these:

92 belong to local Jewish communities (Jewish Religious Community (Gmina Wyznaniowa Żydowska, GWZ) in Warszaw - 67, GWZ in Wrocław — 1, GWZ in Krakow — 22, GWZ in Annopol — 1 , GWZ in Gdansk — 1)

154 are owned by umbrella Jewish organizations (FODZ — 151, Union of Jewish Religious Communities in Poland (Zwiazek Gmin Wyznanionych Zydowskich w Polsce) — 3),

14 — in state or municipal ownership (town’s property — 3, National Treasury (Skarb Państwa) — 8, the company for the development of the land community (Spółka dla Zagospodarowania Wspólnoty Gruntowej) — 3).

4 — private

2 — unclear legal status or restitution is ongoing.

For the remaining 940 cemeteries, information was not available and, in most cases, required a special request to the municipalities. Most likely, the majority of these cemeteries are municipal, state or privately owned.

Legal Instruments

International and European Conventions

Poland has ratified a number of key UNESCO and Council of Europe monitored legal instruments. However, while these conventions have been excellent standard-setters and invaluable in terms of encouraging the development of effective cultural heritage policy, they are essentially unenforceable in spite of their legally binding nature. As such, they cannot be used either to oblige changes in national legislation or to guarantee that such legislation is properly applied. This was discussed at greater length in a paper on the ability of international and European legal instruments to provide effective support for cemetery preservation prepared by the ESJF as part of a European Commission grant in 2021.

European Union legislation

E.U. legislation, on the other hand, is binding upon all member states — including Poland, a member since 2004 — by common consent and is enforced by the European Court of Justice. While it is impossible for effective, comprehensive legislation on all aspects of the protection of cultural heritage to be advanced by the EU in accordance with Article 162 of the Lisbon Treaty as the organization does not have complete ‘competency’ in the cultural field, as Tzanidaki (1999) notes the EU can have quite an impact on cultural policy through subsidies, trade policy and tourism. She also outlines a number of binding directives and regulations that have cultural heritage implications. While these primarily address the theft and export of cultural property, there are also several environmental

Legal Status and Ownership

regulations, which affect the treatment of the immovable cultural heritage. The most important aspects of these are addressed by the following Polish laws: the 2004 Act on Nature Conservation, the 1994 Act on Spatial Planning, the 2001 Environmental Protection Law and the 2003 Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments (EHN 2001: 5). As noted in a report by the European Heritage Network (2003: 26), ‘During negotiations held in 1998, the credibility of Polish heritage protection law with European standards was confirmed’.

Bilateral agreements

Poland is a State Party to a number of bilateral agreements which contain a heritage provision. Most notable is the Agreement on the Protection of Certain Cultural Properties with the United States of America (11 May 2004), which provides for cultural heritage of significance to both parties to be recommended for listing on the appropriate register of historic places, and for these to be protected in accordance with the law and ‘within the limits of the financial resources available for these parties’ (art. 6). This has undoubtedly had important implications for the protection of Jewish heritage in Poland and particularly cemeteries, however further research is needed in this sphere.

Foreign legislation

Although not a bilateral agreement, it is important to point out that the United States Congress passed an amendment in 2014 to a 1998 law which gives the government the power to place economic sanctions against countries which are held responsible for obstructing religious freedom. The amendment includes vandalism of cemeteries as an infringement on the right to religious freedom.

Polish legislation

E. Rubin (“The Rise and Fall of Jewish Communities in Poland and Their Relics Today”, 2006:5) claims that there was no legislation protecting Jewish historical and cultural monuments in Poland until 1997 (with the legislative clarification of the relation of the Jewish community to the Polish state), and that there is still no obligation for the government or the municipal authorities to maintain and protect Jewish graveyards. However, in spite of problems with the cultural heritage protection regime during the Communist period, in fact there has been a sturdy legislative environment for the protection of recognized cultural heritage and also of cemeteries for some years, which was recently further improved by the introduction of a number of Acts including the Act on the Protection and Care of Monuments in 2003. The following section will outline the key Polish legal provisions that affect the protection and preservation of cemeteries, while the subsequent section will deal with the extent to which such provisions can be considered to be of practical assistance.

Cultural heritage legislation

The Polish cultural heritage legislation, until the introduction of a new Act in 2003, was governed by the Act of 15 February 1962 on the Protection of Cultural Assets (accompanied by a number of amendments) — praised as being ‘one of the most comprehensive approaches to preservation in Europe’ by S. Gruber and P. Myers (“Survey of Historic Jewish Monuments in Poland”,1995:51). Current cultural heritage legislation, now protected within the Act of 23 July 2003 on the Protection and Care of Monuments (Dz. U. 162 poz. 1568) and supported by a number of other key legal provisions8, goes even further towards offering effective protection for Polish cultural heritage.

Article 4 of the 2003 Act states that the appropriate authorities are bound to provide ‘legal, organisational and financial conditions facilitating permanent preservation of monuments and their management and maintenance,’ with specific reference to ‘preventing hazards that could cause detriment to the value of monuments; thwarting the destruction and improper use of monuments; counteracting theft, loss or illegal export of monuments; controlling the condition and society became alienated from cultural heritage during the Communist period by the abolition of property rights and the absence of real local government (EHN 2001: 2). This was exacerbated by the position of the State as both property owner and enforcer lead to a lack of accountability — causing a huge gap between what was enshrined in law and what was happening on the ground.

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland

(Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

Kłodzko

20 20 Kłodzko Moritz Polke

21 21 Kłodzko Seelig Caro Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Kowary

30 30 Międzybórz

32 32 Milicz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

33 33 Miłocice (Bierutów community) Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

34 34 Olawa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

35 35 Oleśnica Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

36 36 Prusice

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

37 37 Ścinawa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

38 38 Środa Sląska Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

39 39 Strzegom Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

40 40 Strzelin New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

41 41 Świdnica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

42 42 Swiebodzice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

43 43 Syców New

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

44 44 Szczawno Zdrój Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

45 45 Trzebnica

46 46 Twardogóra

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

47 47 Wałbrzych New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

48 48 Wałbrzych Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

49 49 Wińsko Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

50 50 Wrocław Grabiszyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

51 51 Wrocław Medieval Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

52 52 Wrocław Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

53 53 Wrocław Pilczyce Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

54 54 Wrocław Psie Pole Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

55 55 Ząbkowice Sląskie Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

56 56 Ziębice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

57 57 Złotoryja

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

58 58 Żmigród Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

59 1 Aleksandrów Kujawski

Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

60 2 Barcin Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

61 3 Brodnica Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

62 4 Brześć Kujawski

63 5 Bydgoszcz Old

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

64 6 Bydgoszcz New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

65 7 Chełmno

66 8 Chełmża

67 9 Chodecz

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

68 10 Ciechocinek Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

69 11 Dobrzyń nad Wisłą

70 12 Fordon

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

71 13 Gąsawa Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

72 14 Gębice

73 15 Gniewkowo

74 16 GolubDobrzyń (Dobrzyń)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

75 17 GolubDobrzyń (Golub)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

76 18 Górzno Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

77 19 Grudziadz New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

78 20 Grudziądz Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

79 21 Inowroclaw New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

80 22 Inowroclaw Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

81 23 Izbica Kujawska

82 24 Janowiec Wielkopolski

83 25 Kamień Krajeński

84 26 Kcynia New

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

85 27 Kcynia Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

86 28 Kikół

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

87 29 Koronowo Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

88 30 Kowal

89 31 Kowalewo Pomorskie

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

90 32 Kruszwica Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

107 49 Radzyń Chełmiński Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

108 50 Rogowo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

109 51 Rypin New 1 Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

110 52 Rypin New 2

111 53 Rypin Old

112 54 Sępólno Krajeńskie

113 55 Skępe

114 56 Służewo (Wólka)

115 57 Solec Kujawski

116 58 Strzelno

117 59 Świecie

118 60 Szubin New (Rynarzewo)

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

119 61 Szubin Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

120 62 Toruń New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

121 63 Toruń Old (on Majdan)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

122 64 Tuchola Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

123 65 Wąbrzeźno

124 66 Więcbork (Witunia)

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

125 67 Włocławek New Jewish section in the municipal cemetery

126 68 Włocławek Old

127 69 Żnin New

128 70 Żnin Old

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

129 1

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

voivodeship

Aleksandrów Łódzki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

130 2 Będków Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

131 3

Bełchatów New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

132 4 Bełchatów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

133 5 Biała Rawska Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

134 6 Bielawy Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

135 7 Błaszki Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

136 8 Bolesławiec k. Wielunia Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

137 9 Bolimów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

138 10 Brzeziny Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

139 11 Burzenin Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

140 12 Dąbrowice (Rozopol)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

141 13 Drzewica Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

142 14 Głowno Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

143 15 Grabów

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

144 16 Innowłódź Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

145 17 Jeżów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Jewish

146 18 Kamieńsk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

147 19 Kiernozia

148 20 Konstantynów Łódzki

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

149 21 Krośniewice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

150 22 Kutno

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

151 23 Łask New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

152 24 Łask Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

153 25 Łask Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

154 26 Łęczyca Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

155 27 Łódź New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

156 28 Łódź Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

157 29 Łowicz Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

158 30 Lutomiersk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

159 31 Lututów Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

160 32 Nowa Brzeźnica

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

161 33 Opoczno New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

162 34 Opoczno Newest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

163 35 Opoczno Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

164 36 Opoczno Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

165 37 Osjaków Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

166 38 Ozorków Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

167 39 Pabianice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

168 40 Pajęczno

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

169 41 Parzęczew Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

170 42 Piątek

171 43 Piotrków

172 44

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Trybunalski New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

Piotrków

Trybunalski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

173 45 Pławno Unfenced Jewish cemetery

174 46 Poddębice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

175 47 Podzamcze Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

176 48 Przedbórz Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

177 49 Radomsko Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

178 50 Rawa Mazowiecka Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

179 51 Rozprza Unfenced Jewish cemetery

180 52 Sieradz Unfenced Jewish cemetery

181 53 Skierniewice New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

182 54 Skierniewice Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

183 55 Sobota New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

184 56 Stryków Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

185 57 Sulejów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

186 58 Sulmierzyce Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

187 59 Szadek Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

188 60 Szczerców Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

189 61 Tomaszów Mazowiecki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

190 62 Tuszyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

191 63 Ujazd Demolished cemetery that has not been build over High

192 64 Uniejów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

193 65 Warta New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

194 66 Warta Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

195 67 Widawa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

196 68 Wieluń Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

197 69 Wieruszów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

198 70 Wolbórz Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

199 71 Żarnów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

200 72 Zduńska Wola Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

201 73 Zelów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

New fence is not needed

202 74 Zgierz Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

203 75 Złoczew Unfenced Jewish cemetery

204 76 Żychlin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Jewish

205 1 Adamów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

206 2 Annopol New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

207 3 Annopol Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

208 4 Baranów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

209 5 Bełżyce New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

210 6 Bełżyce Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

211 7 Biała Podlaska New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

212 8 Biała Podlaska Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

213 9 Biłgoraj New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

214 10 Biłgoraj Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

215 11 Biłgoraj Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

216 12 Biskupice New

219 15 Bychawa New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

220 16 Bychawa Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

221 17 Chełm Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

222 18 Chodel Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

223 19 Cyców Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

224 20 Czemierniki

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

225 21 Dubienka Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

226 22 Frampol Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

227 23 Głusk Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

228 24 Goraj New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

229 25 Goraj Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

230 26 Gorzków Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

231 27 Grabowiec New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

232 28 Grabowiec Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

233 29 Horodło New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

234 30 Horodło Old

235 31 Hrubieszów

236 32 Izbica Unfenced Jewish cemetery

237 33 Janów Lubelski New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

238 34 Janów Lubelski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

239 35 Janów Podlaski Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

240 36 Janowiec

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

Jewish

241 37 Jarczów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

High (the perimeter requires additional research)

242 38 Józefów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

243 39 Józefów nad Wisłą Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

244 40 Kamionka Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

245 41 Kazimierz Dolny New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

246 42 Kazimierz Dolny Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

247 43 Kock Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

248 44 Kodeń Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

249 45 KomarówOsada Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

250 46 Komarówka Podlaska New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

251 47 Komarówka Podlaska Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

252 48 Końskowola New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

253 49 Końskowola Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed

254 50 Konstantynów Unfenced Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

255 51 Kraśniczyn Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

256 52 Kraśnik New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

257 53 Kraśnik Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

High (the perimeter requires additional research)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

258 54 Kraśnik Oldest Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High (the perimeter requires additional research)

259 55 Krasnobród New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

260 56 Krasnobród Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

261 57 Krasnystaw Unfenced Jewish cemetery

262 58 Kryłów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

263 59 Kurów New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

264 60 Kurów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

265 61 Łaszczów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

266 62 Łęczna Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

267 63 Łomazy Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

268 64 Lubartów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

269 65 Lubartów Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

270 66 Lublin New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

271 67 Lublin Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

272 68 Lublin Wieniawa Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

273 69 Lubycza Królewska Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

274 70 Łuków New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

275 71 Łuków Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

276 72 Markuszów New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

277 73 Markuszów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

278 74 Michów

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

279 75 Międzyrzec Podlaski New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

280 76 Międzyrzec Podlaski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

281 77 Modliborzyce

282 78 Opole Lubelskie

283 79 Ostrów Lubelski

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

284 80 Parczew Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

285 81 Piaski New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

286 82 Piaski Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

287 83 Piszczac Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

288 84 Przytoczno

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

289 85 Puławy New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

290 86 Puławy Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

291 87 Radzyń Podlaski New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

292 88 Radzyń Podlaski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

293 89 Rejowiec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

294 90 Rossosz

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

295 91 Ryki Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

296 92 Sawin Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

297 93 Siedliszcze

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

298 94 Sławatycze Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

299 95 Sosnowica

300 96 Stoczek Łukowski

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

301 97 Świerże New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

302 98 Świerże Old

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

303 99 Szczebrzeszyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

High (the perimeter needs more research)

New fence is not needed

304 100 Tarnogród Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

305 101 Terespol New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

306 102 Terespol Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

307 103 Tomaszów Lubelski Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

308 104 Turobin New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

309 105 Tyszowce New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

310 106 Tyszowce Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

311 107 Uchanie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

312 108 Urzędów

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

313 109 Wąwolnica Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

314 110 Wisznice New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

315 111 Włodawa New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed

316 112 Włodawa Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

317 113 Włodawa Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

318 114 Wohyń New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

319 115 Wohyń Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

320 116 Wojsławice New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

321 117 Wojsławice Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

322 118 Wysokie

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

323 119 Zamość New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

324 120 Zamość Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

325 121 Żólkiewka Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

326 122 Zwierzyniec Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

327 1 Zielona Góra Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

328 2 Zasieki (Forst) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

329 3 Żary Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

330 4 Żary New Jewish section on the municipal cemetery

331 5 Zagan New

332 6 Wschowa

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

333 7 Witnica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

334 8 Trzemeszno Lubuskie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

335 9 Trzciel Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

336 10 Torzym Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

337 11 Szprotawa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

338 12 Szlichtyngowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

339 13 Świebodzin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

340 14 Sulęcin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

341 15 Sulechów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

342 16 Strzelce Krajeńskie Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

343 17 Słubice (Frankfurt community) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

344 18 Słońsk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

345 19 Skwierzyna New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

346 20 Santoczno

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

347 21 Rzepin (Lubiechnia Wielka in NID) Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

348 22 Pszczew Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

349 23 Przewóz

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

350 24 Ośno Lubuskie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

351 25 Nowe Miasteczko

352 26 Nowa Sól

353 27 Nietków

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

354 28 MiędzyrzeczObrzyce Jewish section on the municipal cemetery

355 29 Międzyrzecz

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

356 30 Lubsko Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

357 31 Krzeszyce Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

358 32 Krosno Odrzańskie

359 33 Kostrzyn nad Odrą

360 34 Kargowa

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

361 35 Gorzow Wielkopolski New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

362 36 Goruńsko

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

363 37 Drezdenko Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

364 38 Dobiegniew Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

365 39 Cybinka Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

366 40 Brójce Unfenced Jewish cemetery

367 41 Bledzew Unfenced

368

Babimost

369 1 Andrychów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

370 2 Biecz Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

371 3 Bobowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

372 4 Bochnia Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

373 5 Brzesko New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

374 6 Brzesko Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

375 7 Chrzanów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

fence is not needed

376 8 Chrzanów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery High

377 9 Czarny Dunajec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

378 10 Dąbrowa Tarnowska Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

379 11 Gorlice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

380 12 Grybów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

381 13 Jordanów Fenced and

382 14 Kęty Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

383 15 Koszyce Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

384 16 Kraków Military Section Jewish section within municipal cemetery Fence is not needed

385 17 Kraków New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

386 18 Kraków Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

387 19 Kraków Podgórze New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

388 20 Kraków Podgórze Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery

389 21 Krościenko nad Dunajcem Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

390 22 Krynica-Zdrój Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

391 23 Książ Wielki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

392 24 Łabowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

393 25 Łapsze Niżne Unfenced Jewish cemetery

394 26 Limanowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

395 27 Miechów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

396 28 Mszana Dolna Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

397 29 Muszyna Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

398 30 Myślenice Unfenced Jewish cemetery

399 31 Niedzica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

400 32 Niepołomice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

401 33 Nowe Brzesko Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High (the perimeter needs more research)

402 34 Nowy Sącz New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Jewish

403 35 Nowy Sącz Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

404 36 Nowy Targ Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

405 37 Nowy Wiśnicz Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

406 38 Olkusz New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

407 39 Olkusz Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery

408 40 Ołpiny Unfenced Jewish cemetery

409 41 Oświęcim New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

410 42 Oświęcim Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

411 43 PiwnicznaZdrój Unfenced Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

(the perimeter needs more research)

412 44 Podwilk Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

413 45 Proszowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed 414 46 Rabka-Zdrój Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

415 47 Ryglice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

416 48 Rzepiennik Strzyżewski Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

fence is not

fence is not needed 417 49 Skała Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

418 50 Skała Choleric Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

419 51 Słomniki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

420 52 Szczucin Unfenced Jewish cemetery

421 53 Tarnów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

422 54 Trzebinia Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

(the perimeter needs more research)

fence is not needed

423 55 Tuchów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

424 56 Wadowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

425 57 Wieliczka Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

426 58 Wolbrom Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

427 59 Żabno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

428 60 Zakliczyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

429 61 Zakopane Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

430 62 Zator Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

431 1 Andrzejewo

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

432 2 Białobrzegi New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

433 3 Białobrzegi Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

434 4 Bielsk

435 5 Bieżuń

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

436 6 Błędów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed 437 7 Błonie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

438 8 Bodzanów

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

439 9 Brok Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

440 10 Chodkowo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

441 11 Chorzele Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

442 12

Ciechanów New

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

443 13 Ciechanów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

444 14

Ciechanów Oldest

445 15 Ciepielów

446 16 Czerwinsk New

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

447 17 Czerwinsk Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

448 18 Długosiodło

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

449 19 Drobin New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

450 20 Drobin Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

451 21 Falenica Unfenced Jewish cemetery

452 22 Gąbin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

453 23 Garwolin Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

454 24 Głowaczów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

455 25 Gniewoszów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

456 26 Gniewoszów (Regów Dolny) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

457 27 Gora Kalwaria Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

458 28 Gostynin

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

459 29 Goworowo Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

460 30 Grodzisk Mazowiecki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

461 31 Grójec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

462 32 Iłow Unfenced Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

463 33 Iłża Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

464 34 Jadow Unfenced Jewish cemetery

465 35 Jedlińsk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

466 36 Kałuszyn New

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

467 37 Kałuszyn Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

468 38 Karczew Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

469 39 Kazanów

470 40 Klwow

471 41 Kołbiel

472 42 Kosów Lacki New

473 43 Kosów Lacki Old

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

474 44 Kozienice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

475 45 Krasnosielc

476 46 Kuczbork

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

477 47 Łaskarzew Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

478 48 Latowicz

479 49 Lipsko

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

480 50 Łosice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

481 51 Maciejowice

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

482 52 Magnuszew Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

483 53 Maków mazowiecki New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

484 54 Maków mazowiecki Old

485 55 Marki

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

486 56 Mińsk Mazowiecki New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

487 57 Minsk Mazowieki Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

488 58 Mława New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

489 59 Mława Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

490 60 Mogielnica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

491 61 Mokobody

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

492 62 Mordy Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

493 63 Mszczonów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

494 64 Myszyniec

495 65 Nadarzyn

496 66 Nasielsk

497 67 Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

498 68 Nowe Miasto nad Sona Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

499 69 Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

500 70 Nur Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

501 71 Okuniew Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

502 72 Osieck Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

503 73 Ostrołęka Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

504 74 Ostrów Mazowiecka New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

505 75 Ostrów Mazowiecka Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

506 76 Otwock Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

507 77 Parysów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

508 78 Piaseczno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

509 79 Płock New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

510 80 Płock Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

511 81 Płońsk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

512 82 Popowo Kościelne Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

513 83 Pruszków Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

514 84 Przasnysz Unfenced Jewish cemetery

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

515 85 Przysucha Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

516 86 Przytyk Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

517 87 Pułtusk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

518 88 Raciąż Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

519 89 Radom Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

520 90 Radzanów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

521 91 Radzymin Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

522 92 Rozan New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

523 93 Różan Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

524 94 Ryczywół

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

525 95 Sarnaki Unfenced

526 96 Serock Fenced and

527 97 Seroczyn Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

528 98 Siedlce New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

529 99 Siedlce Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

530 100 Siedlce Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

531 101 Sienno

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

532 102 Sierpc Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

533 103 SobienieJeziory

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

534 104 Sochaczew Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

535 105 Sochocin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

536 106 Sokołów Podlaski New

537 107 Sokołów Podlaski Old

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

538 108 Solec nad Wisłą Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

539 109 Sterdyń Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

540 110 Stoczek

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

541 111 Strzegowo Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

542 112 Szreńsk New

543 113 Szreńsk Old

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

544 114 Szydłowiec New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

545 115 Szydłowiec Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

546 116 Tarczyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

547 117 Warka

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

548 118 Warszawa (Okopowa) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

549 119 Warszawa (Bródno) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

550 120 Warszawa (v Aleksandrowie, ul. Podkowy)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

551 121 Warszawa Medieval Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

552 122 Węgrów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

553 123 Wierzbica

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

554 124 Wiskitki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

555 125 Wolanow

556 126 Wołomin

557 127 Wyszków

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

558 128 Wyszogród New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

559 129 Wyszogród Old

560 130 Zakroczym

561 131 Zaręby Kościelne New

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

562 132 Zaręby Kościelne Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

563 133 Żelechów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

564 134 Żelechów old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

565 135 Zieluń

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

566 136 Żuromin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

567 137 Zwoleń

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

568 138 Żyrardów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Jewish

569 1 Biała Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

570 2 Brzeg Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

571 3 Byczyna Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

572 4 Dobrodzien Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

573 5 Głógówek Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

574 6 Głubczyce New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

575 7 Głubczyce Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

576 8 Gogolin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

577 9 Gorzów Śląski

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

578 10 Grodków Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

579 11 KędzierzynKoźle Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

580 12 Kietrz

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

581 13 Kluczbork Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

582 14 Krapkowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

583 15 Krasków Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

584 16 Leśnica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

585 17 Lewin Brzeski Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

586 18 Miejsce Unfenced Jewish cemetery

587 19 Namysłów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

588 20 Niemodlin Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

589 21 Niezdrowice Unfenced Jewish cemetery

590 22 Nysa New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

591 23 Nysa Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

592 24 Olesno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

593 25 Opole Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

594 26 Otmuchów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

595 27 Pokój Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

596 28 Praczków Unfenced Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

597 29 Praszka Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

598 30 Prudnik New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

599 31 Prudnik Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

600 32 Skorogoszcz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

601 33 Strzelec Opolski Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

602 34 Wołczyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

603

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

621 19 Frysztak Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

622 20 Głogów Małopolski New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

623 21 Głogów Małopolski Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

624 22 Grodzisko Dolne Unfenced Jewish cemetery

625 23 Jarosław Unfenced Jewish cemetery

626 24 Jasienica Rosielna Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

627 25 Jaśliska Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

628 26 Jasło Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

629 27 Jawornik Polski Unfenced Jewish cemetery

630 28 Jodłowa Unfenced Jewish cemetery

631 29 Kańczuga Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

632 30 Kolbuszowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

633 31 Korczyna Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

634 32 Krasiczyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

635 33 Krosno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

636 34 Krzeszów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

637 35 Krzywcza Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

638

641

642

646

648

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

656 54 Przecław Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

657 55 Przemyśl New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

658 56 Przemyśl Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

659 57 Przeworsk Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

660 58 Radomyśl nad Sanem New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

661 59 Radomyśl nad Sanem Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

662 60 Radomyśl Wielki New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

663 61 Radomyśl Wielki Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

667 65 Rudnik nad Sanem New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

668 66 Rudnik nad Sanem Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

669 67 Rybotycze Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

670 68 Rymanów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

671 69 Rzeszów New 1 Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

672 70 Rzeszów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

673 71 Rzeszow New 2

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

674 72 Rzeszow Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

675 73 Sanok New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

676 74 Sanok Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

677 75 Sędziszów Małopolski Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

678 76 Sieniawa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

679 77 Sokołów Małopolski New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

680 78 Sokołów Małopolski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

681 79 Stalowa Wola Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

682 80 Stary Dzików

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

683 81 Strzyżów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

684 82 Strzyżów Old 1

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

685 83 Strzyżów Old 2 Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

686 84 Tarnobrzeg New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

687 85 Tarnobrzeg Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

688 86 Tyczyn New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

689 87 Tyczyn Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

690 88 Tyrawa Wołoska Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

691 89 Ulanów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

692 90 Ustrzyki Dolne Unfenced Jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

693 91 Wielkie Oczy Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

694 92 Wielopole Skrzyńskie Unfenced Jewish cemetery

695 93 Wola Michowa Unfenced Jewish cemetery

696 94 Zaklików Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

697 95 Żołynia Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

Jewish

698 1 Augustów Ghetto Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

699 2 Augustów New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

700 3 Augustów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

701 4 Bakałarzewo Unfenced Jewish cemetery

702 5 Białystok choleric cemetery Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

703 6 Białystok ghetto cemetery

704 7 Białystok New Fenced jewish cemetery

fence is not needed

is not needed (overbuilt)

fence is not needed

705 8 Augustów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

706 9 Białystok Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

707 10 Bielsk Podlaski

710 13 Brańsk Unfenced Jewish cemetery

711 14 Choroszcz New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

712 15 Choroszcz Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

713 16 Ciechanowiec New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

714 17 Ciechanowiec Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

716 19 Czyżew New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

717 20 Czyżew Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

718 21

719 22

Dąbrowa Białostocka New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

Dąbrowa Białostocka Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

720 23 Drohiczyn Unfenced Jewish cemetery

721 24 Filipów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

722 25 Goniądz Unfenced Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

723 26 Grajewo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

724 27 Gródek Unfenced Jewish cemetery

725 28 Jabłonka Kościelna New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

726 29 Jabłonka Kościelna Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built

727 30 Jałówka New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

728 31 Jałowka Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

729 32 Janów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

730 33 Jasionówka New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

731 34 Jasionówka Old Demolished cemetery that has not been built over

732 35 Jedwabne Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

733 36 Jeleniewo Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

734 37 Kleszczele Unfenced Jewish cemetery

735 38 Knyszyn Unfenced Jewish cemetery

736 39 Kolno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

737 40 Korycin Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

738 41 Krasnopol Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

739 42 Krynki Unfenced Jewish cemetery

740 43 Kuźnica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

741 44 Lipsk Unfenced Jewish cemetery

742 45 Łomża New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

743 46 Łomża Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery

744 47 Michałowo Unfenced Jewish cemetery

745 48 Mielnik Unfenced Jewish cemetery

746 49 Mieruniszki Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

747 50 Milejczyce Unfenced Jewish cemetery

748 51 Moczydły Unfenced Jewish cemetery

749 52 Narew Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

750 53 Narewka Unfenced Jewish cemetery

751 54 Niemirów Demolished cemetery that has not

752 55 Nowogród Unfenced Jewish cemetery

753 56 Nowy Dwór Demolished cemetery that has not been built over

754 57 Orla New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

755 58 Orla Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

756 59 Przerośl Unfenced Jewish cemetery

757 60 Puńsk Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

758 61 Radziłów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

759 62 Rajgród Unfenced Jewish cemetery

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

760 63 Sejny New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

761 64 Sejny Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

762 65 Sidra Unfenced Jewish cemetery

763 66 Siemiatycze New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

764 67 Siemiatycze Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

765 68 Sniadowo Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built

766 69 Sokółka Unfenced Jewish cemetery

767 70 Sokoly New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

768 71 Sokoły Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

769 72 Stawiski Unfenced Jewish cemetery

770 73 Suchowola Unfenced Jewish cemetery

771 74 Suraż Fenced and protected Jewish

773 76 Szczuczyn Unfenced Jewish cemetery

774 77 Sztabin Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

775 78 Trzcianne Unfenced Jewish cemetery

776 79 Tykocin Unfenced Jewish cemetery

777 80 Wasilków New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

778 81 Wasilków Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish

779 82 Wiżajny

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

780 83 Wizna (Ruś) Unfenced Jewish cemetery

781 84 Wysokie Mazowieckie New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

782 85 Wysokie Mazowieckie Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

783 86 Wyszonki Kościelne

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

784 87 Zabłudów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

785 88 Zabłudów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

786 89 Zambrów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

787

790 4 Czarne

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

794

Gdańsk (Chełm)

802 16 Lębork

803

806

807

812

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

819 1 Będzin New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

820 2 Będzin Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery

821 3 Będzin Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

822 4

823 5

Bielsko-Biała (in Biała) Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Bielsko-Biała (in Bielsko) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

824 6 Bieruń Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

825 7 Bytom New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

826 8 Bytom Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

827 9 Chorzów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

828 10 Cieszowa Unfenced Jewish cemetery

829 11 Cieszyn New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

830 12 Cieszyn Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

831 13 CzechowiceDziedzice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

832 14 Czeladź Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

833 15 Częstochowa Unfenced Jewish cemetery

834 16 Dąbrowa Górnicza Unfenced Jewish cemetery

835 17 Gliwice New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

836 18 Gliwice Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

837 19 Janów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

838 20 Jaworzno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

839 21 Katowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

840 22 Kłobuck Unfenced Jewish cemetery

841 23 Koniecpol Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

842 24 Kromołów (Zawiercie) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

843 25 Krzepice Unfenced Jewish cemetery

844 26 Lelów New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

845 27 Lelów Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

846 28 Lubliniec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

847 29 Miasteczko Śląskie Unfenced Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

848 30 Mikołów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

849 31 Mikołów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

850 32 Milówka Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

851 33 Mstów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

852 34 Mysłowice New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

853 35 Mysłowice Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

854 36 Pilica New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

855 37 Pilica Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

856 38 Przyrów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

857 39 Pszczyna Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

858 40 Pyskowice Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

859 41 Racibórz Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

860 42 Rybnik Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

861 43 Rybnik Section Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

862 44 Siewierz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

863 45 Skoczów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

864 46 Sławków (Krzykawka) Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

865 47 Sośnicowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

866 48 Sosnowiec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

867 49 SosnowiecMilowice Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

868 50 SosnowiecModrzejów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

869 51 Szczekociny New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

870 52 Szczekociny Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

871 53 Tarnowskie Góry Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Jewish

872 54 Toszek Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

873 55 Ustroń Jewish section within municipal cemetery New fence is not needed

874 56 Wielowieś Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

875 57 Wodzisław Śląski Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

876 58 Zabrze Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

877 59 Żarki New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

878 60 Żarki Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

879 61 Żarnowiec New Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

880 62 Żarnowiec Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

881 63 Zawiercie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

882 64 Żory Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

883 65 Żywiec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

884 1 Bodzentyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

885 2 Bogoria Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed

886 3 Busko Zdrój Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

887 4 Chęciny Unfenced Jewish cemetery

888 5 Chmielnik New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

889 6 Chmielnik Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

890 7 Daleszyce Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

891 8 Działoszyce

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

892 9 Gowarczów Demolished Jewish cemetery that have not built over High

893 10 Iwaniska Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

894

895 12 Kielce Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

896 13 Klimontów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

897 14 Końskie Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

898 15 Koprzywnica

899 16 Kurozwęki

900 17 Łagów

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Jewish

901 18 Łopuszno

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

902 19 Małogoszcz Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

903 20 Nowa Słupia

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

904 21 Nowy Korczyn New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

905 22 Nowy Korczyn Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

906 23 Opatów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

907 24 Osiek

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

908 25 Ostrowiec świętokrzyski Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

909 26 Ożarów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

910 27 Pacanów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

911 28 Pińczów New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

912 29 Pińczów Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

913 30 Połaniec

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

914 31 Radoszyce Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

915 32 Raków

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

916 33 Sandomierz New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

917 34 Sandomierz Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

918 35 Secemin Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

919 36 Skalbmierz Unfenced Jewish cemetery

920 37 Skarżysko Kamienna Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

921 38 Sobków Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

922 39 Starachowice Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

923 40 Staszów New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

924 41 Staszów Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

925 42 Stopnica New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

926 43 Stopnica Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

927 44 Szydłów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

928 45 Tarłów Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

929 46 Wąchock Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

930 47 Wiślica Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

931 48 Włoszczowa New Demolished Jewish cemetery that have not built over High

932 49 Włoszczowa Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

933 50 Wodzisław Unfenced Jewish cemetery

934 51 Zawichost Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

935 1 Barczewo

936 2 Bartoszyce

937 3 Biała Piska

938 4 Biskupiec Pomorski

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

939 5 Biskupiec Reszelski Unfenced Jewish cemetery

940 6 Bisztynek

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

941 7 Braniewo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

942 8 Dąbrówno Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

943 9 Dobre Miasto Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

944 10 Działdowo

945 11 Elbląg Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

946 12 Ełk Unfenced Jewish cemetery

947 13 Frombork

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

948 14 Giżycko New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

949 15 Giżycko Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

950 16 Gołdap New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

951 17 Gołdap Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

952 18 Górowo Iławeckie Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

953 19 Iława Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

954 20 Janowo Unfenced Jewish cemetery

955 21 Jeziorany Unfenced Jewish cemetery

956 22 Kętrzyn Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

957 23 Kisielice Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

958 24 Lidzbark Warmiński New

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

959 25 Lidzbark Warmiński Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

960 26 Lidzbark Welski Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

961 27 Lubawa New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

962 28 Lubawa Old (Fijewo) Unfenced Jewish cemetery

963 29 Mikołajki Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

964 30 Miłakowo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

965 31 Miłomłyn Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

966 32 Młynary

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

967 33 Morąg Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

968 34 Mrągowo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

969 35 Nidzica New Unfenced Jewish cemetery

970 36 Nidzica Old Unfenced Jewish cemetery

971 37

972 38

Nowe Miasto Lubawskie New

Nowe Miasto Lubawskie Old

973 39 Olecko

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

974 40 Olsztyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

fence is not needed

975 41 Olsztynek (Szkolna Street) Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

976 42 Olsztynek New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt) 977 43 Orneta

46 Pieniężno

and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

981 47 Pisz Unfenced Jewish cemetery

982 48 Prostki Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

983 49 Reszel Unfenced Jewish cemetery

984 50 Ryn Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built ove

is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

985 51 Sępopol Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

986 52 Susz Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

987 53 Szczytno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

988 54 Tolkmicko

989 55 Węgorzewo

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

990 56 Wydminy Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

991 57 Zalewo Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

992 1 Babiak

993 2 Bojanowo

994 3 Borek Wielkopolski

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

995 4 Budzyń Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

996 5 Buk Unfenced Jewish cemetery

997 6 Chodzież

and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

998 7 Czarnków New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

999 8 Czarnków Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1000 9 Czempiń

1001 10 Czerniejewo

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1003 12 Debrzno-Wieś Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1004 13 Dobra New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1005 14 Dobra Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed

1006 15 Dobrzyca

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1007 16 Dolsk Unfenced Jewish cemetery

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

1008 17 Gniezno New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1009 18 Gniezno Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1010 19 Gniezno Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1011 20 Gołańcz

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1012 21 Golina Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1013 22 Gostyń Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1014 23 Grabów nad Prosną Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

1015 24 Grodzisk Wielkopolski New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1016 25 Grodzisk Wielkopolski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1017 26 Jaraczewo

1018 27 Jarocin

1019 28 Jastrowie

1020 29 Jutrosin

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1021 30 Kalisz New Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1022 31 Kalisz Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1023 32 Kępno Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

1025 34 Kleczew Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1026 35 Kłodawa Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1027 36 Kobyla Góra Unfenced Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

1031 40 Konin Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

1032 41 Kórnik Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1033 42 Kościan Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1036 45

Koźmin Wielkopolski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1037 46 Koźminek Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1038 47 Krajenka

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1039 48 Krobia Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1040 49 Krotoszyn

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

50 Krzywiń Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1042 51 Książ Wielkopolski

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

Margonin

56 Miasteczko Krajeńskie Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Międzychód

60 Miłosław Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

61 Mosina Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1053 62 Murowana Goślina Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1054 63 Nowe Miasto nad Warta Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1055 64 Nowy Tomyśl Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt) 1056 65 Oborniki Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

1057 66 Obrzycko

1058 67 Odolanów Old Cemetery

1059 68 Okonek

1060 69 Osieczna

1061 70 Ostrów Wielkopolski New

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1062 71 Ostrów Wielkopolski Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1063 72 Ostrzeszów

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1064 73 Piaski Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1065 74 Piła Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1066 75 Piła Jewish section on war cemetery Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1067 76 Pleszew

1068 77 Pniewy

and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1069 78 Pobiedziska Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery New fence is not needed 1070 79 Pogorzela

1071 80 Połajewo

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Cemetery

1072 81

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

Poznań Jewish Section Miłostów Jewish section within municipal cemetery

1073 82 Poznań Łazarz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1074 83 Poznań New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1075 84 Poznań Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1076 85 Przedecz

1077 86 Pyzdry

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1078 87 Rakoniewice Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1079 88 Raszków

1080 89 Rawicz (in Sarnowa)

1081 90 Rawicz (in Sierakowo)

1082 91 Rogoźno New

1083 92 Rogoźno Old

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1084 93 RussociceWładysławów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

1085 94 Rychwał

1086 95 Ryczywół

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Jewish

1087 96 Rydzyna

1088 97 Sieraków

1089 98 Skoki Old

1090 99 Skulsk

1091 100 Ślesin

1092 101 Słupca

1093 102 Smigiel

1094 103 Sompolno

1095 104 Srem New Cemetery

1096 105 Sroda Wielkopolska

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1097 106 Stawiszyn Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1098 107 Stęszew

1099 108 Swarzędz

1100 109 Szamocin

1101 110 Szamotuły

1102 111 Trzcianka New

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

1103 112 Trzcianka Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1104 113 Trzemeszno

1105 114 Tuliszków

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1106 115 Turek Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1107 116 Ujście Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1108 117 Wągrowiec

New fence is not needed

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1109 118 Wartosław Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

1110 119 Wieleń Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1111 120 Wilczyn

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1112 121 Witkowo Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1113 122 Wolsztyn Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Fence is not needed (overbuilt) 1114 123 Wronki New Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1115 124 Wronki Old Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1116 125 Wronki Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1117 126 Września New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1118 127 Września Old Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Jewish

1119 128 Września Oldest Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1120 129 Wyrzysk

1121 130 Wysoka

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1122 131 Zagórów Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1123 132 Zaniemyśl

1124 133 Zbąszyn

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1125 134 Zduny Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1126 135 Żerków

is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1127 136 Złotów Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

Jewish Cemetery Surveys in Poland

1145 18 Dobra

1146 19 Dobrzany

1147 20 Drawno

1148 21 Drawsko Pomorskie

1149 22 Golczewo

1150 23 Goleniów

1151 24 Gryfice

1152 25 Gryfino

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1153 26 Ińsko Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1154 27 Jastrzębniki

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1155 28 Józefin (Lipiany) Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

1156 29 Kalisz Pomorski Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery Low

1157 30 Kamień Pomorski

1158 31 Karlino

1159 32 Kołobrzeg New

1160 33 Kołobrzeg Old

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

1161 34 Koszalin New Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1162 35 Koszalin Old Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1163 36 Łobez Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1164 37 Maszewo Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1165 38 Mieszkowice Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1166 39 Mirosławiec Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1167 40 Moryń Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed

New fence is not needed 1168 41 Myślibórz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1169 42 Nowe Warpno Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

New fence is not needed 1170 43 Nowogard Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1173 46 Płoty Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt) 1174 47 Polanów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

1175 48 Połczyn-Zdrój Unfenced Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1177 50 Popielewo Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1178 51 Pyrzyce Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1179 52 Recz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1180 53 Resko Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1181 54 Sianów Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1182 55 Siemczyno

Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1183 56 Sławno Jewish section on the municipal cemetery New fence is not needed

1184 57 Stargard Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1185 58 Stepnica (Bogusławie) Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1186 59 Suchań Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1187 60 Świdwin Unfenced Jewish cemetery High

1188 61 Świnoujście New

1189 62 Świnoujście Old

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1190 63 Szczecin Cmentarz Centralny (municipal) Jewish section on the municipal cemetery New fence is not needed

1191 64 Szczecin Old

1192 65 Szczecinek

Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over High

1193 66 TrzcińskoZdrój Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery

Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

The Jewish Cemeteries of Poland (Listings and Condition by Voivodeship)

1194 67 Trzebiatów Demolished Jewish cemetery that has not been built over

1195 68 Tuczno Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1196 69 Wałcz Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)

1197 70 Węgorzyno Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1198 71 Widuchowa Fenced and protected Jewish cemetery

1199 72 Wolin Unfenced Jewish cemetery

1200 73 Złocieniec Demolished and overbuilt Jewish cemetery Fence is not needed (overbuilt)