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Summary Contents
Preface
Editors’ Biographies xxxiii
Contributor Biographies
Abbreviations
Table of Treaties and International Instruments lix
Table of Cases lxxvii
Tables of Legislation lxxxix
Preamble
Article 1: Purpose
Emily Kakoullis and Yoshikazu Ikehara
Article 2: Definitions
Anna Nilsson
Article 3: General
Sarah Arduin
Article 4: General Obligations
Andrea Broderick
Article 5: Equality and Non-Discrimination
Jessica Lynn Corsi
Article 6: Women with Disabilities
Roxanne Mykitiuk and Ena Chadha
Article 7: Children with Disabilities
Ilias Bantekas
Article 8: Awareness-Raising
Francisco Bariffi
Article 9: Accessibility
Anna Lawson
Article 10: Right to
Smitha Nizar
Article
Stephanie Motz
Article
Lucy Series and Anna Nilsson
Article 13: Access to Justice 383
Eilionóir Flynn
Article 14: Liberty and Security of the Person 402
Michael Perlin and Eva Szeli
Article 15: Protection against Torture and Cruel or Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 426
Phil Fennell
Article 16: Freedom from Exploitation, Violence, and Abuse 466
Amanda Keeling
Article 17: Protecting the Integrity of the Person 494
Francesco Seatzu
Article 18: Liberty of Movement and Nationality 508
Lawrence Mute
Article 19: Living Independently and Being Included in the Community 530
János Fiala-Butora, Arie Rimmerman, and Ayelet Gur
Article 20: Personal Mobility 559
Lalin Kovudhikulrungsri and Aart Hendriks
Article 21: Freedom of Expression and Opinion, and Access to Information 582
Eliza Varney
Article 22: Respect for Privacy 604
Molly Land, Anthony Giannoumis, Aga Kitkowska, and Maria Mikhaylova
Article 23: Respect for Home and the Family 628
János Fiala-Butora
Article 24: Education 656
Dimitris Anastasiou, Michael Gregory, and James M Kauffman
Article 25: Health
Penelope Weller
Article 26: Habilitation and Rehabilitation 734
Jerome Bickenbach and Dimitrios Skempes
Article 27: Work and Employment 764
Ilias Bantekas, Facundo Pennilas, and Stefan Trömel
Article 28: Adequate Standard of Living and Social Protection 801
Kevin Cremin
Article 29: Participation in Political and Public Life 834
Ilze Grobelaar Du Plessis and Jehoshaphat Njau
Article 30: Participation in Cultural Life, Recreation, Leisure, and Sport 863
Ilias Bantekas, Pok Yin Stephenson Chow, Stavroula Karapapa, and Eleni Polymenopoulou
Article 31: Statistics and Data Collection 924
Mads Pedersen and Federico Ferretti
Article 32: International Cooperation 955
Janet E Lord and Michael Ashley Stein
Article 33: National Implementation and Monitoring 978
Valentin Aichele
Article 34: Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 1012
Katherine Guernsey
Article 35: Reports by States Parties 1038
Arlene Kanter
Article 36: Consideration of Reports 1060
Helene Combrinck
Article 37: Cooperation between States Parties and the Committee 1084
Kris Gledhill
Article 38: Relationship of the Committee with Other Bodies 1105
Ilias Bantekas
Article 39: Report of the Committee 1119
Mary Pat Treuthart
Article 40: Conference of States Parties 1135
Ilias Bantekas
Article 41: The Secretary-General of the United Nations Shall Be the Depositary of the Present Convention 1145
Ilias Bantekas
Article 42: Signature 1150
Ilias Bantekas
Article 43: Consent to Be Bound 1156
Ilias Bantekas
Article 44: Regional Integration Organizations 1162
Jacob Katz Cogan
Article 45: Entry Into Force 1171
Ilias Bantekas
Article 46: Reservations 1175
Ilias Bantekas
Article 47: Amendments 1188
Konstantinos Magliveras
Article 48: Denunciation 1198
Ilias Bantekas
Article 49: Accessible Format
Eliza Varney
Article 50: Authentic Texts
Ilias Bantekas
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Tina Stavrinaki
Detailed Contents
3. Paragraph 1
3.1 ‘The purpose of the present Convention’
3.2 ‘to promote, protect, and ensure’
3.3 ‘full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities’
3.4 ‘to promote respect for their inherent dignity’
4. Paragraph 2
4.1 ‘Persons with disabilities’
4.2 ‘include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments’
4.3 ‘which in interaction with various barriers’
4.4 ‘may hinder their full and effective participation in society’
4.5 ‘on an equal basis with others’
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires
3. ‘Communication’
4. ‘Language’
5. ‘Discrimination on the basis of disability’
5.1 ‘on the basis of disability’
5.2 ‘which has the purpose or effect of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise’
5.3 ‘on an equal basis with others’
5.4 ‘all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the
5.5 ‘all
3. Paragraph (a)
3.1 ‘Respect
3.2 ‘Individual
3.3 ‘Independence
4. Paragraph (b)—‘Non-discrimination’
5. Paragraph (c)—Full and Effective Participation and Inclusion in Society
6. Paragraph (d)—Respect for Difference and Acceptance of Persons with Disabilities as Part of Human Diversity and Humanity
7. Paragraph (e)—Equality of Opportunity
8. Paragraph (f)—Accessibility
9. Paragraph (g)—Equality between Men and Women
10. Paragraph (h)—Respect for the Evolving Capacities of Children with Disabilities and Respect for the Right of Children with Disabilities to Preserve their Identities
Andrea Broderick
1.
3. Paragraph 1
3.1 Ensure and Promote the Full Realization of All Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms for All Persons with Disabilities
3.2 Without Discrimination of Any Kind on the Basis of
4.4.1
4.5 Paragraph 1(e)
4.6 Paragraph 1(f)
4.7 Paragraph 1(g)
4.8
4.9
5.
7. Paragraph 4
7.1 Provisions which are More Conducive to the
of
8. Paragraph 5:
Article 5: Equality and
Jessica Lynn Corsi
Article 6: Women with Disabilities
Roxanne
Mykitiuk and Ena Chadha
1. Introduction
2.
5. Paragraph
5.1 ‘exercise and enjoyment of the human rights and fundamental freedoms
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2 Article
5.2.3 Article
5.2.4
Article 7: Children with Disabilities
Ilias Bantekas
4.
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.3
5.
5.1
6.
6.1
6.1.1
Article
1.
2.
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4. Paragraph 2
4.1 Paragraph 2(a)
Paragraph 2(b)
4.3 Paragraph 2(c)
4.4 Paragraph 2(d)
4.4.1
Article 9: Accessibility
Anna Lawson
1. Introduction
2.
2.1
3. Paragraph 9(1)
3.1 ‘To enable persons with disabilities to live independently and participate fully in all aspects of
3.2 ‘Appropriate
3.3 ‘Access,
3.4 ‘Physical
3.5
3.6
4.
4.1
4.4
4.5 Paragraph
4.6 Paragraph 9(2)(f)
4.7 Paragraph 9(2)(g)
4.8 Paragraph 9(2)(h)
Article 10: Right
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.
4.
7.
7.1
5.
6.
7.
7.1
4.1.4
4.1.5 Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT), Unmodified ECT, and Use of ECT
4.1.6 Seclusion, Caged Beds, and Other Restraints
4.1.7 Oppressive and Coercive Treatment
4.1.8
4.1.9
Article 16: Freedom from Exploitation,
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires
2.1 Scope: Types of Harm Included in ‘exploitation, violence and abuse’
2.2 Torture, Involuntary Treatment, and Informed Consent
2.3 Vulnerability of Disabled People and Prevention of Harm
3. Paragraph 1
3.1 ‘All appropriate legislative, administrative, social, education and other measures to protect’
3.2 ‘Within and outside the home’
3.3 ‘All forms of exploitation, violence and abuse, including their gender-based aspects’
4. Paragraph 2
4.1 Preventative Measures, Ensuring ‘appropriate gender- and age-sensitive assistance and support’
4.2 ‘Including through the provision of information and education on how to avoid, recognize and report instances’
4.3 Ensure that Protection Services Are Age-, Gender-, and Disability-Sensitive
5. Paragraph 3
5.1 ‘All facilities and programmes’
5.2 ‘Effectively monitored by independent authorities’
6. Paragraph 4
6.1 Measures to Promote the Physical, Cognitive, and Psychological Recovery, Rehabilitation, and Social Integration
7. Paragraph 5
7.1 Effective Legislation and Policies . . to Ensure Instances are Identified, Investigated and, where Appropriate, Prosecuted
7.2 Including Women- and Children-Focused Legislation and Policies
Article
1. Introduction
2. Travaux Préparatoires
3. The Right to Personal Integrity in the European Convention on Human Rights
4. The Right to Personal Integrity in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
5. The Right to Personal Integrity
5.1 Seclusion and Restrain
5.2 Forced Sterilization
and Travaux Préparatoires
3. Paragraph 1
3.1 Chapeau of Paragraph 1
3.1.1 ‘right of persons with disabilities to liberty of movement . . . freedom to choose their residence and to a nationality’
3.1.2 Liberty of Movement and Residence
3.1.3 Interlinkages with Other Rights
3.1.4
3.2 Paragraph 1(a): Have the Right to Acquire and Change a Nationality and [to] not [Be] Deprived of . . Nationality Arbitrarily or on the Basis of Disability
3.3 Paragraph 1(b)
3.4 Paragraph 1(c): Are Free to Leave Any Country, Including Their Own
3.5 Paragraph 1(d)
4.
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
1.
2.
3.
2.1
3.1
3.3
5. Paragraph (b)
5.1
5.2
5.3
6.
7.
Article
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. Subparagraph (e) ‘Recognizing and promoting the use of sign languages’
1.
2.
3.
4.
Article
2.
3.
3.1
3.3
Dimitris Anastasiou,
1.
2.
3.
5.
4.3
4.4
4.2.1
4.2.2
6.
7.
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
3.
3.1
3.2
4.
5.
6.
7. Paragraph (d)
7.1 Free and Informed Consent
7.2 The Interaction between Article 12 and Article 25
7.3 Human Rights Training of Health Professionals
8. Paragraph (e)
9. Paragraph (f)
Jerome Bickenbach and Dimitrios Skempes
2.
3. Travaux Préparatoires
4. Paragraph 1 (Chapeau)
4.1 ‘organize, strengthen and extend comprehensive habilitation and rehabilitation services’
4.2 ‘particularly in the areas of health, employment, education and social services’
5. Paragraph 1(a)
6. Paragraph 1(b)
7. Paragraph 2
8. Paragraph 3
8.1 Women, Children, Older Persons, and Migrants with Disabilities
Ilias Bantekas, Facundo Pennilas, and Stefan Trömel
4. Paragraph 1: Chapeau
Sub-paragraph 1(a)
4.2
4.2.3
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.3 Sub-paragraph 1(c)
4.4 Sub-paragraph 1(d)
4.5 Sub-paragraph 1(e)
4.5.1 The State Obligation to Counter Exclusion by Promoting
4.6 Sub-paragraph 1(f)
4.7 Sub-paragraph 1(g)
4.8 Sub-paragraph 1(h)
4.9 Sub-paragraph 1(i)
4.10 Sub-paragraph 1(j)
4.11 Sub-paragraph 1(k)
5. Paragraph 2
5.
3.3
3.4
3.5
6.
6.2
6.3
7.
8.
3.
3.1
4.
5.
6.
7.
7.2
8. Paragraph (b) 860
8.1 Effective and Fully Participate in the Conduct of Public Affairs 861
9. Paragraph (b)(i) and (ii) 862
Article 30: Participation in Cultural Life, Recreation, Leisure, and Sport 863
Ilias Bantekas, Pok Yin Stephenson Chow, Stavroula Karapapa, and Eleni Polymenopoulou
Ilias Bantekas
1. General Introduction 864
2. Background 866
3. Travaux Préparatoires 867
Pok Yin Stephenson Chow
4. Paragraph 1 872
4.1 Paragraph 1 (Chapeau) 875
4.1.1 The Right to Take Part in Cultural Life 875
4.1.2 Culture as a ‘way of life’ and Implications on the ‘cultural space’ 877
4.1.3 Appropriate Measures to Ensure Access to Culture 878
4.1.4 National Accessibility Plans 880
4.2 Paragraph (1)(a) 880
4.3 Paragraph (1)(b) 882
4.4 Paragraph (1)(c) 883
5. Paragraph 2 884
5.5.1 To Develop and Utilize One’s Creative, Artistic, and Intellectual Potential 884
5.5.2 Eliminating Social Barriers and Promoting an Inclusive Society 885
5.5.3 Providing Equal Opportunities in the Field of Culture 886 Stavroula Karapapa
6. Paragraph 3 888
6.1 The Debates on Intellectual Property in the Travaux 888
6.2 ‘all appropriate steps’ 890
6.3 ‘in accordance with international law’ 893
6.4 Laws Protecting Intellectual Property Rights 895
6.5 ‘unreasonable or discriminatory barrier to access cultural materials’ 897 Eleni Polymenopoulou
7. Paragraph 4 897
7.1 ‘Cultural identity’ 897
7.1.1 Meaning and Scope 897
7.1.2 States’ Obligations (‘recognition and support’) 901
7.1.3 Interpretation and Practice under the CRPD 903
7.2 Sign Languages 904
7.3 Deaf Culture 906
7.4 Linguistic Identity 907
7.4.1 Meaning and Scope 907
7.4.2 States Obligations (‘recognition and support’) 907
7.4.3 Interpretation and CRPD-Related Practice 908
Ilias Bantekas
8. Paragraph 5 909
8.1 Chapeau 909
8.1.1 ‘enabling participation in sport, leisure and recreation’ 909
8.1.2 ‘leisure and recreation’ 910
8.1.3 ‘sporting activities’
8.2 Paragraph 5(a)
8.2.1 ‘mainstreaming’
8.3 Paragraph 5(b)
8.3.1 ‘organise, develop and participate’
8.3.2 ‘appropriate instruction, training and resources’ 916
8.4 Paragraph 5(c)
8.4.1 Accessible
8.5 Paragraph 5(d)
8.6 Paragraph 5(e)
Article 31: Statistics and Data Collection
Mads Pedersen and Federico Ferretti
Mads Pedersen
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires
3. Paragraph 1
3.1 ‘Undertake to collect’
3.2 ‘Appropriate information’ 931
3.3 ‘Give effect’ to the CRPD 933 Federico Ferretti
4. Paragraph 1(a)
4.2
Mads Pedersen
5. Paragraph 1(b): ‘internationally accepted norms’
6. Paragraph 2
6.1 ‘disaggregated’
6.2 ‘assess the implementation’
7. Paragraph 3
7.1 ‘Dissemination’ and ‘Accessibility’ 949
7.2 Indicators as a Tool to Implement and Monitor the CRPD 949
Article 32: International Cooperation
Janet E Lord and Michael Ashley Stein
1.
2. Travaux Préparatoires 958
3. Paragraph 1: Chapeau 963
3.1 ‘[s]uch measures could include, inter alia’ 965
3.2 Paragraph 1(a) 965
3.3 Paragraph 1(b) 967
3.4 Paragraph 1(c) 970
3.5 Paragraph 1(d) 971
4. Paragraph 2 971
4.1 The Interpretive Arc of Article 32 974
4.2 CRPD Committee Practice in Overseeing the Implementation of Article 32 975
4.3 Whither Disability Inclusion as a Necessary Element of Sustainable Development? 976
Article 33: National Implementation and Monitoring 978
Vincent Aichele
1. Introduction
2. Background and Interpretative Approach
3. Travaux Préparatoires
4. Paragraph 1
4.1 ‘shall designate one or more focal points within government’
4.2 ‘one or more’ 988
4.3 ‘a coordination mechanism within government’ 989
4.4 ‘shall give due consideration’ 990
5. Paragraph 2 991
5.1 ‘the principles relating to the status and functioning of national institutions for protection and promotion of human rights’ 992
5.2 ‘shall take into account’ 993
5.3 ‘maintain, strengthen, designate or establish within the State Party, a framework’ 995
5.4 Independence 996
5.4.1 Independence of the ‘mechanism’ 996
5.4.2 Degree of Independence of Other Framework Components 998
5.5 Persons with Disabilities as Framework Agents 998
5.6 Monitoring
5.7 Fact-Finding and Indicators
5.8 Adequately Resourced
5.9 The Potential Role of National Human Rights Institutions 1002
5.9.1 Monitoring Function: An Important Addition to the NHRI Mandate 1005
5.9.2 Further Resources
5.9.3 The Actual Experience by NHRIs
5. 10 Cooperation between the Framework and the CRPD Committee
6. Paragraph 3
6.1 Scope
6.2 Views of the CRPD Committee
6.3 ‘in the monitoring process’
6.4 ‘civil society’
6.5 ‘in particular persons with disabilities and their representative organizations’ 1009
6.6 Participation in the Monitoring Framework: Institutional Solutions 1009
6.7 Implementation by the European Union (Sentences 1–3) 1010 Article 34: Committee on the Rights of Persons with
1. Introduction
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires
3. Paragraph 1
4. Paragraph 2
5. Paragraph 3
5.1 ‘when nominating their candidates, States Parties . .’ 1027
6. Paragraph 4 1027
6.1 ‘equitable geographic distribution’ 1028
6.2 ‘balanced gender representation’ 1029
6.3 ‘participation of experts with disabilities’ 1030
7. Paragraph 5
8. Paragraph 6
9. Paragraph 7
10. Paragraph 8
11. Paragraph 9
12. Paragraph 10
13. Paragraph 11
14. Paragraph 12
15. Paragraph 13 1036
Article 35: Reports by States Parties
Arlene Kanter
1. Introduction 1038
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires
3. Paragraph 1 1044
3.1 The Requirement of a Country Report within Two Years of Ratification 1044
3.2 The Requirement of a Comprehensive Report 1045
3.2.1 A Comparison of Compliance with Article 35’s Reporting Requirements and the Reporting Requirements of Other Treaties 1046
4. Paragraph 2: The Requirement of a Country Report Every Four Years after the Initial Report 1047
5. Paragraph 3 1047
5.1 The CRPD Committee’s Guidelines 1047
6. Paragraph 4 1049
6.1 A ‘Comprehensive’ Report as a Result of an ‘Open’ and ‘transparent process’ 1049
6.2 Best Practices Identified in Concluding Observations 1052
6.3 Shadow Reports 1053
7. Paragraph 5: ‘Indicate factors and difficulties affecting the degree of fulfilment of obligations under the present Convention by States Parties’ 1054
Article 36: Consideration of Reports
Helene Combrinck
1. Introduction
2. Background and Travaux Préparatoires 1063
3. Paragraph 1 1066
3.1 ‘Each report shall be considered by the Committee’ 1066
3.1.1 Constructive Dialogue 1067
3.1.2 List of Issues 1068
3.1.3 Country Rapporteur 1069
3.1.4 Simplified Reporting Procedure 1069
3.2 ‘which shall make such suggestions and general recommendations on the report as it may consider appropriate’ 1071
3.2.1 Concluding Observations 1072
3.2.2 Follow-up to Concluding Observations 1074
3.2.3 Early Awareness and Urgent Action Procedures 1076
3.3 ‘shall forward these to the State Party concerned’ 1077
3.4 ‘The State Party may respond with any information it chooses to the Committee’ 1078
