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The Rise of Smart Cities

Advanced Structural Sensing and Monitoring Systems

FIRST EDITION

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pisburgh, Pisburgh, PA, United States

Maria Q. Feng

Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

Pengcheng Jiao

Institute of Port, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China

Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Table of Contents

Cover image

Title page

Copyright

Contributors

Chapter 1: Advanced sensing and monitoring systems for smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Smart sensing and monitoring technologies

3: Sensing data transmission in smart cities

4: Smart and multifunctional materials in smart cities

5: Data analytics in smart cities

6: Early warning systems in smart cities

7: Automated aerial sensing and monitoring systems in smart cities

8: Challenges and future trends

9: Conclusions

References

Part I: Smart materials for smart cities

Chapter 2: Advanced multifunctional structures for future smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Multifunctional materials

3: Multifunctional structures

4: Multifunctional structures for smart civil infrastructure systems

5: Conclusions

References

Chapter 3: Impacts of metal additive manufacturing on smart city infrastructure

Abstract Acknowledgments

1: Additive manufacturing overview

2: MAM smart city integration

3: Challenges associated with MAM

4: Structured light monitoring for MAM

5: Conclusion

References

Chapter 4: Graphene-reinforced cement composites for smart infrastructure systems

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Graphene-based nanomaterials

3: Dispersion of graphene-based nanomaterials into cement composites

4: Electrical and self-sensing characterization of cement composites

5: Graphene-reinforced self-sensing cement composites for smart infrastructure applications

6: Conclusions and outlook

References

Chapter 5: Role of acoustic metamaterials and phononic crystals in sensing and damage detection in solids

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Properties of phononic crystals for nondestructive evaluation methods

3: Applications of phononic crystals to alter ultrasonic waves

4: Applications of phononic crystals to enhance acoustic emission

5: The enhancement of electromagnetic wave-based NDE with metamaterial lens

6: Ultrasonic image enhancement with metamaterials

7: Summary and future directions

References

Chapter 6: Distributed surface sensing for structural health monitoring using smart textiles

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Theoretical background

3: SHM of pipeline structures using distributed surface strains

4: Smart textiles for surface strain sensing

5: Comparison with other sensing modes in SHM for smart cities

6: Conclusions

References

Part II: Structural health monitoring techniques for smart cities

Chapter 7: Using an accelerometer-based system for real-time structural monitoring and response prediction under extreme hazard loadings

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Background and related work

3: Methodology

4: Results

5: Conclusions References

Chapter 8: Applications of computer vision-based structural health monitoring and condition assessment in future smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Condition assessment at local level

3: Condition assessment at global level

4: Current challenges and roadmap for future research

5: Conclusions

References

Chapter 9: On-board monitoring for smart assessment of railway infrastructure: A systematic review

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Track infrastructure components and condition

3: Condition monitoring in railways

4: Vehicle-track interaction

5: Parametric methods

6: Nonparametric methods

7: Classification and outlier analysis

8: Conclusion References

Chapter 10: Mixed reality-assisted smart bridge inspection for future smart cities

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Current practices with advanced methods

3: Human-centered approach with mixed reality

4: Real-time machine learning using semisupervised data

5: Using the real-time inspection data for bridge assessment

6: Concluding remarks

References

Chapter 11: Deep learning for vibration-based data-driven defect diagnosis of structural systems

Abstract Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Methodology

3: Experimental and numerical simulation case study

4: Results and discussion

5: Conslusions

References

Chapter 12: Applications of depth sensing for advanced structural condition assessment in smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Depth-sensing modalities

3: State-of-the-art depth sensors

4: Applications of RGB-D sensing

5: Conclusions and future work

References

Chapter 13: Electrostatic micro-electro-mechanical system vibrational energy harvesters for bridge damage detection

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: MEMS vibrational energy harvester

3: Case studies and discussions

4: Concluding remarks

References

Chapter 14: Smart bridge monitoring

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Structural health monitoring

3: Advanced sensing technologies

4: Advanced damage detection algorithms

5: The future trends in bridge health monitoring

6: Conclusions

References

Chapter 15: Dynamic bridge maintenance management in smart cities using routine inspection data and hazard modeling

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Compound states

3: Weibull proportional hazard model (WPHM)

4: Decision-making process

5: Summary and concluding remarks

References

Chapter 16: Vision-based structural vibration measurement for smart structural health monitoring

Abstract Acknowledgment

1: Introduction

2: Framework of the displacement measurement using machine vision

3: Simplified calibration of the camera

4: Tracking of the feature points

5: Identification of structural modal parameters

6: Experimental validation

7: Conclusion References

Chapter 17: Advances in corrosion monitoring of reinforced concrete using active and passive sensing approaches

Abstract Acknowledgment

1: Introduction

2: Deterioration of reinforced concrete structures

3: Experimental and numerical simulation of corrosion

4: Guided waves for monitoring rebar corrosion

5: Acoustic emission monitoring of corrosion-induced damage

6: Future directions

7: Conclusions References

Chapter 18: Sensing systems for smart building occupant-centric operation

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Occupant presence and counting sensing technologies

3: Reliability evaluation

4: Ease of commissioning evaluation

5: Energy energy-saving evaluation

6: Occupancy sensor applications in smart cities

7: Conclusions References

Chapter 19: Threats and vulnerabilities of wireless sensor networks in smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Progress and challenges

3: Contribution

4: Part I Wireless sensor networks

5: Part II. Smart cities

6: Conclusions

References

Part III: Intelligent transportation systems/remote sensing in smart cities

Chapter 20: Sensing and monitoring of smart transportation systems

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Stationary sensors

3: Mobile sensors

4: Intelligent vehicle sensing

5: Traffic state estimation

6: Transportation cyber-physical systems

7: Conclusion References

Chapter 21: Ubiquitous sensing for smart cities with autonomous vehicles

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Overview of AVs

3: Ubiquitous sensing

4: Opportunities and challenges

5: Conclusions

References

Chapter 22: Sensing and monitoring of urban roadway traffic state with large-scale ride-sourcing vehicles

Abstract

Acknowledgments

1: Introduction

2: Literature

3: Data

4: Measuring the sensing level

5: Cloud-supported transportation cyber-physical systems (CTCPS) for RV

6: Results

7: Conclusions

References

Chapter 23: Leveraging data-driven traffic management in smart cities: Datasets for highway traffic monitoring

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Pavement management systems

3: Vehicle counting and annual average daily traffic

4: Early speed and travel time measurements

5: Data from physical sensors

6: Tracking vehicle movement

7: The vehicle as a sensing device

8: Conclusions

References

Chapter 24: A crowdsensing-based platform for transportation infrastructure monitoring and management in smart cities

Abstract Acknowledgment

1: Overview

2: Platform

3: Discussion

4: Conclusions

References

Chapter 25: Advances in sustainable winter road maintenance and management for future smart cities

Abstract

1: Introduction

2: Road weather information system

3: Methods for estimating winter road surface conditions

4: Winter road surface conditions estimation—A case study

5: Concluding remarks

References

Index

Copyright

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ISBN: 978-0-12-817784-6

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Contributors

Numbers in paraentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin.

Shaurya Agarwal University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States

Amir H. Alavi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pisburgh, Pisburgh, PA, United States

Lucian Ancu Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) MUD, Bern, Swierland

Fae Azhari Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Sauvik Banerjee Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India

Kaveh Barri Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pisburgh, Pisburgh, PA, United States

F. Necati Catbas Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States

Kristen Cetin Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States

Kai-Chun Chang Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Eleni Chai Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Swierland

Yiyi Chu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States

Juan Contreras-Castillo University of Colima, Colima, Mexico

Sagar Dasgupta Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States

Christopher M. Day Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States

Vasilis Dertimanis Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Swierland

Maria Q. Feng Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

Liping Fu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

Ke Gao

School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Key Laboratory of Control Structure in Hubei Province, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

Juan Guerrero-Ibañez University of Colima, Colima, Mexico

Mustafa Gül Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Shuocheng Guo Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States

Katsufumi Hashimoto Division of Civil Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Sahar Hassani Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Cyprien Hoelzl

Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich

Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) MUD, Bern, Swierland

Mohammad Reza Jahanshahi

Lyles School of Civil Engineering

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayee, IN, United States

Andrew Jardine Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Zhangfan Jiang Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charloesville, VA, United States

Pengcheng Jiao Institute of Port, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China

Steven Jones Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States

Enes Karaaslan Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States

Tae J. Kwon Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Mahias Landgraf Institute of Railway Engineering and Transport Economy, TU Graz, Graz, Austria

Junping Lin

School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Key Laboratory of Control Structure in Hubei Province, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

Xiaohui Liu Department of Information Systems and Analytics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Ye Lu Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Wei Ma Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

Shoaib Mahmud Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States

Qipei Mei Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Todd Michael Structural Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

Hiroyuki Mitsuya R&D Center, Saginomiya Seisakusho, Inc., Saitama, Japan

Tarutal Ghosh Mondal Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayee, IN, United States

Mohsen Mousavi Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

Shakib Mustavee University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States

Muath A. Obaidat Computer Science, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States

Niall O'Dowd Structural Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

Osman E. Ozbulut Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charloesville, VA, United States

Didem Ozevin University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States

Xinwu Qian Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States

Mizanur Rahman Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States

Lingxiao Ran Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Ajay Saini School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States

Justine Schulte Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charloesville, VA, United States

Ozer Sevim

Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charloesville, VA, United States

Department of Civil Engineering, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey

Zahra Sharif-Khodaei Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Tomoki Shiotani Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Nima Shirzad-Ghaleroudkhani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Rajeshwara Chary Sriramadasu National Decommissioning Centre

School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom

Srinivas Sriramula School of Engineering, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom

Hesheng Tang Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Iris Tien School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States

Serife Tol University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

Shun Weng

School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Key Laboratory of Control Structure in Hubei Province, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

Andy H. Wong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Mingjian Wu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Yajuan Xie Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Gaowei Xu Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Tzuyang Yu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachuses Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States

Mahta Zakaria Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States

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