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OBSTETRIC IMAGING: FETAL DIAGNOSIS AND CARE
ISBN: 978-0-323-44548-1 SECOND EDITION
Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Notices
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Previous edition copyrighted 2012
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Copel, Joshua A., editor.
Title: Obstetric imaging : fetal diagnosis and care / [edited by] Joshua A. Copel, Mary E. D’Alton, Helen Feltovich, Eduard Gratacós, Deborah Krakow, Anthony O. Odibo, Lawrence D. Platt, Boris Tutschek.
Description: Second edition. | Philadelphia, PA : Elsevier, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017029132 | ISBN 9780323445481 (hardcover)
Subjects: | MESH: Congenital Abnormalities—diagnostic imaging | Fetus—abnormalities | Prenatal Diagnosis
Classification: LCC RG626 | NLM QS 675 | DDC 618.3/2075—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017029132
Senior Content Strategist: Robin Carter
Senior Content Development Specialist: Anne Snyder
Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Albright Jackson
Senior Project Manager: Doug Turner
Designer: Renee Duenow
Thorsten Braun, MD, PhD
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist
Charité—University Medicine Berlin
Department of Obstetrics
Campus Virchow Klinikum
Berlin, Germany
Intestinal Obstruction
Fallon R. Brewer, MS, CGC
Genetic Counselor
Department of Genetics
University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
Goldenhar Syndrome
Pierre Robin Sequence
Prune-Belly Syndrome
Sirenomelia
VATER Association
Angela Burgess, MD, PhD
Richmond University Medical Center
Mount Sinai Consortium
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Staten Island, New York
Lymphedema and Lymphatic Malformations
Alison G. Cahill, MD, MSCI
Associate Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
Miller-Dieker Syndrome (17p13.3 Deletion Syndrome)
Katherine H. Campbell, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut
Gastroschisis
Omphalocele
Frederic Chantraine, MD, PhD
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
CHR Citadelle
University of Liege Liege, Belgium
Abdominal Cysts
Tamara T. Chao, MD
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
MultiCare Health System
Tacoma, Washington
Abnormal Kidney Size
Duplicated Collecting System
Posterior Urethral Valves
Debnath Chatterjee, MD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
Children’s Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado School of Medicine
Director of Fetal Anesthesia
Colorado Fetal Care Center
Aurora, Colorado
Open Fetal Surgery
Jaclyn M. Coletta, MD
Assistant Professor
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Chorioangioma
Choriocarcinoma
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Vasa Previa
Elena Contro, MD, PhD
Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynecology
S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital
Bologna, Italy
Intracranial Hemorrhage, Cysts, Tumors, and Destructive Lesions
Neural Tube Defects
Joshua A. Copel, MD
Professor and Vice Chair
Clinical Operations
Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Professor of Pediatrics
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut
Thymus
Fetal Adrenal Abnormalities
Gastroschisis
Omphalocele
Cytomegalovirus, Rubella, Toxoplasmosis, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Varicella
Fatima Crispi, MD, PhD
Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
BCNatal, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu
University of Barcelona
Barcelona, Spain
Choanal Atresia
Double-Inlet Single Ventricle
Atrial Isomerism
Anomalies of Pulmonary Venous Return
Anomalies of Systemic Venous Return
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiac Tumors
Arrhythmias
Julie A. Gainer, DO
Utah Valley Regional Medical Center
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Intermountain Healthcare
Provo, Utah
Triploidy
France Galerneau, MD, FRCS(C)
Associate Professor
Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut
Fetal Hepatic Calcification
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Stephanie L. Gaw, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California
Trisomy 13
Trisomy 18
Trisomy 21
Mosaic Trisomies 8, 9, and 16
Kobina Ghartey, MD
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence
Tullio Ghi, MD, PhD
Department of Obstetrics
University of Parma
Parma, Italy
Intracranial Hemorrhage, Cysts, Tumors, and Destructive Lesions
Neural Tube Defects
Katherine R. Goetzinger, MD, MSCI
Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland
Fryns Syndrome
Pentalogy of Cantrell
Cystic Fibrosis
Tuberous Sclerosis
Miller-Dieker Syndrome (17p13.3 Deletion Syndrome)
Olga Gómez, MD, PhD
Maternal-Fetal Consultant
Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu
University of Barcelona
Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases
Barcelona, Spain
Cleft Lip and Palate
Micrognathia and Retrognathia
Facial Dysmorphism
Ultrasound of Normal Fetal Heart
Ventricular Septal Defect
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Tricuspid Atresia
Ebstein Anomaly and Tricuspid Dysplasia
Pulmonary Stenosis and Atresia
Eduard Gratacós, MD, PhD
Director
Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
Hospital Clinic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu
Clinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Neonatology
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Barcelona
Barcelona, Spain
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the Lung
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration
Hydrothorax
Scimitar Syndrome
Other Thoracic Tumors and Masses
Carole Gravino, RDMS, FE
Yale-New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut
Atlas of Selected Normal Images
Maureen S. Hamel, MD
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island
Providence, Rhode Island
Cloacal Abnormalities
Christina S. Han, MD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
University of California, Los Angeles
Center for Fetal Medicine and Women’s Ultrasound
Los Angeles, California
Fetal Adrenal Abnormalities
Fetal Biophysical Profile
Urania Magriples, MD
Associate Professor
Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Yale School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut
Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Gustavo Malinger, MD
Director
Division of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Lis Maternity Hospital
Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
Associate Clinical Professor
Sackler School of Medicine
Tel Aviv University
Tel Aviv, Israel
Cortical Development and Disorders
Cerebellar Anomalies
Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome
Stephanie Martin, DO
Director, Southern Colorado Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Director, Maternal-Fetal Medicine/Centura Southstate
Colorado Springs, Colorado
Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus)
Josep M. Martinez, MD, PhD
Senior Consultant in Fetal Medicine
Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
BCNatal, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu
University of Barcelona
Barcelona, Spain
Ultrasound of Normal Fetal Heart
Ventricular Septal Defect
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Tricuspid Atresia
Ebstein Anomaly and Tricuspid Dysplasia
Pulmonary Stenosis and Atresia
Aortic Stenosis and Aortic Atresia
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Mitral Atresia
Aortic Coarctation
Interruption of the Aortic Arch
Aortic Arch Anomalies
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of Great Arteries
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle
Common Arterial Trunk
Double-Inlet Single Ventricle
Atrial Isomerism
Anomalies of Pulmonary Venous Return
Anomalies of Systemic Venous Return
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiac Tumors
Arrhythmias
Ahmed I. Marwan, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics
Colorado Fetal Care Center
Division of Pediatric Surgery
Children’s Hospital Colorado/University of Colorado School of Medicine
Aurora, Colorado
Open Fetal Surgery
Audrey Merriam, MD
Maternal-Fetal Medicine Fellow
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Columbia University
New York, New York
Placental Abruption
Placenta Circumvallata
Placenta Previa
Silke A. M. Michaelis, MD
Obstetrics
Spitalzentrum Biel—Centre Hospitalier Bienne
Biel-Bienne, Switzerland
Biliary Anomalies
Jena Miller, MD
Assistant Professor
The Johns Hopkins Center for Fetal Therapy
Baltimore, Maryland
Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of the Fetus and Placenta
Russell S. Miller, MD
Assistant Professor
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Radiofrequency Ablation
Selective Laser Photocoagulation
Fetal Shunts
Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence
Anne-Elodie Millischer, MD
Pediatric Imaging and Maternal-Fetal Center
Necker Hospital—Sick Children
AP-HP
Paris Descartes University
Paris, France
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Obstetrics
Ana Monteagudo, MD
Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
New York University School of Medicine and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Carnegie Imaging for Women
New York, New York
Pregnancy of Unknown Location, Early Pregnancy Loss, Ectopic Pregnancy, and Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Leslie Moroz, MD, MSc
Clinical Fellow
Critical Care and Maternal-Fetal Medicine
New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Placenta Accreta
Claudia Mosquera, MD
Physician
The Valley Hospital
Ridgewood, New Jersey
Radiofrequency Ablation
Rachel G. Sinkey, MD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Morsani College of Medicine
University of South Florida
Tampa, Florida
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
Noonan Syndrome
Pontocerebellar Disorders
Saul Snowise, MD
Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
University of Texas School of Medicine at Houston
McGovern Medical School
Houston, Texas
Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis
Immune Hydrops Fetalis
Pascale Sonigo, MD
Pediatric Imaging and Maternal-Fetal Center
Necker Hospital—Sick Children
AP-HP
Paris Descartes University
Paris, France
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Obstetrics
Hindi E. Stohl, MD, JD
Director, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Harbor–UCLA Medical Center
Torrance, California
Introduction to Aneuploidy
Jens H. Stupin, MD
Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Charité—University Medicine Berlin Berlin, Germany
Choroid Plexus Anomalies: Cysts and Papillomas
Ilan E. Timor-Tritsch, MD
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
New York University School of Medicine
New York, New York
Pregnancy of Unknown Location, Early Pregnancy Loss, Ectopic Pregnancy, and Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome
Ants Toi, MD
Professor of Radiology
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Toronto
Radiologist
Department of Medical Imaging
Mt. Sinai Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Cortical Development and Disorders
Gloria Too, MD
Maternal-Fetal Medicine Clinical Fellow
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Cordocentesis and Fetal Transfusion
Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction
Boris Tutschek, MD, PhD
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist
Prenatal Zurich
Zürich, Switzerland
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Medical Faculty
Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Germany
Abdominal Cysts
Hepatic Anomalies
Fetal Spleen
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound: Techniques and Clinical Applications
Methodius G. Tuuli, MD, MPH
Associate Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
Septooptic Dysplasia
Walker-Warburg Syndrome
Fraser Syndrome
Roberts Syndrome
Ignatia B. Van den Veyver, MD
Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Professor and Director
Clinical Prenatal Genetics Service
Department of Molecular and Human Genetics
Baylor College of Medicine
The Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute
Texas Children’s Hospital
Houston, Texas
22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Chromosome 4p Deletion Syndrome (Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome)
Chromosome 5p Deletion Syndrome (Cri du Chat Syndrome)
Tim Van Mieghem, MD, PhD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto
Toronto, Canada
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Joy Vink, MD
Assistant Professor
Co-Director, Preterm Birth Prevention Center
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Amniocentesis
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Diagnostic Procedures in Multiples
Paolo Volpe, MD
Fetal Medicine Unit
Di Venere and Sarcone Hospitals
Bari, Italy
Corpus Callosum and Septum Pellucidum Anomalies
Carmela Votino, MD
Fetal Medicine Unit
Di Venere and Sarcone Hospitals
Bari, Italy
Corpus Callosum and Septum Pellucidum Anomalies
Jennifer M. Walsh, MB, BCh, BAO, PhD, MRCOG, FRCPI
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York
Nuchal Translucency
Erika F. Werner, MD, MS, FACOG
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island
Providence, Rhode Island
Cloacal Abnormalities
Lisa C. Zuckerwise, MD
Clinical Instructor/Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellow
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut Thymus
Since the publication of the first edition of this text 5 years ago, we have seen many improvements in the quality of fetal imaging, as well as an explosion in related knowledge of the genetics underlying so much of what we do. This edition features new images and videos and a reorganization of the genetics information sections, including skeletal dysplasias. We also have a unique new section on the latest technologies used in our field.
The changes in this edition arise from the creative thinking and persistence of my fellow editors. I was fortunate that all of the editors from the first edition agreed to a reprise and that Deborah Krakow agreed to join the team to supervise the genetics and skeletal dysplasia sections. Even more than in the first edition,
the format of the book is intended for both print and web access. All of the references for the book are in the web version, as are the video clips that add so much more in many diagnoses.
My deep thanks to our editor at Elsevier, Robin Carter, as well as our content specialist, Anne Snyder, who did so much day to day to keep the project moving. Finally, the authors of all the chapters deserve recognition for their work in producing outstanding contributions. All of the editors share my gratitude—and frankly my awe—at what came from our colleagues in producing this volume.
