Fundamentals of Nursing
ELEVENTH EDITION
Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN
Formerly, Director of Research, Patient Care Services, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Anne Griffin Perry, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN
Professor Emerita, School of Nursing, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois
Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD
Formerly, President, College of Nursing, Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, Peoria, Illinois
Amy M. Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE
Professor and Dean, School of Nursing, Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
SECTION EDITOR:
Wendy R. Ostendorf, RN, MS, EdD, CNE
Contributing Faculty, Masters of Science in Nursing, Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Unit 2. Caring Throughout the Life Span
6. Health and wellness
Healthypeople
Definitionofhealth
Modelsofhealthandillness
Variablesinfluencinghealthandhealthbeliefsandpractices
Healthpromotion,wellness,andillnessprevention
Riskfactors
Risk-factoridentificationandchanginghealthbehaviors
Illness
Caringforyourself
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
7 Caring in nursing practice
Theoreticalviewsoncaring
Patients’perceptionsofcaring
Ethicofcare
Caringinnursingpractice
Thechallengeofcaring
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
8 Caring for patients with chronic illness
Theprevalenceandcostsofchronicdisease
Multifactorialnatureofchronicdisease
Familycaregivers
Thechroniccaremodel
Implicationsfornursing
Healthpromotionanddiseaseprevention
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
9. Cultural competence
Worldview
Healthdisparities
Racial,ethnic,andculturalidentity
Diseaseandillness
Amodelofculturalcompetence
Culturalawarenessandknowledge
Culturalskill
Culturalencounter
Culturaldesire
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
10 Family dynamics
Thefamily
Familyformsandcurrenttrends
Familynursing
Family-centeredcareandthenursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
11. Developmental theories
Developmentaltheories
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Conception through adolescence
Stagesofgrowthanddevelopment
Selectingadevelopmentalframeworkfornursing
Intrauterinelife
Transitionfromintrauterinetoextrauterinelife
Newborn
Infant
Toddler
Preschooler
School-agechildandadolescent
School-agechild
Adolescent
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
13. Young and middle adults
Youngadults
Middleadults
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
14 Older adults
Variabilityamongolderadults
Mythsandstereotypes
Nurses’attitudestowardolderadults
Developmentaltasksforolderadults
Community-basedandinstitutionalhealthcareservices
Assessingtheneedsofolderadults
Addressingthehealthconcernsofolderadults
Olderadultsandtheacutecaresetting
Olderadultsandrestorativecare
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Unit 3. Clinical Judgment in Nursing Practice
15. Critical thinking and clinical judgment
Clinicaljudgmentinnursingpractice
Criticalthinking
Criticalthinkingcompetencies
Levelsofcriticalthinking
Componentsofcriticalthinkingintheclinicaljudgmentmodel
Evaluationofclinicaljudgments
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
16. Nursing assessment
Criticalthinkinginassessment
Criticalthinkinginassessment
Thenurse-patientrelationshipinassessment
Thepatient-centeredinterview
Nurse’sexperience
Environmentinassessment
Criticalthinkingattitudesforassessment
Standardsinassessment
Thenursinghealthhistoryformat
Theassessmentprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
17. Analysis and nursing diagnosis
Typesofdiagnoses
Terminologiesfornursingdiagnoses
Criticalthinkinginanalysisandnursingdiagnosis
Useofnursingdiagnosisinpractice
Careplanning
Documentationandinformatics
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
18. Planning and outcomes identification in nursing care
Criticalthinkinginplanning
Establishingpriorities
Clinicaljudgmentinoutcomesidentification
Planningnursinginterventions
Systemsforplanningnursingcare
Consultingwithhealthcareprofessionals
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
19. Implementing nursing care
Standardnursinginterventions
Criticalthinkinginimplementation
Implementationprocess
Directcare
Indirectcare
Achievingpatientoutcomes
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
20. Evaluation
Clinicaljudgmentandcriticalthinkinginevaluation
Knowledge
Experience
Standardsandattitudesforevaluation
Environment
Theevaluationprocess
Documentoutcomes
Collaborateandevaluateeffectivenessofinterventions
Evaluationofhealthcare
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Buildinganursingteam
Leadershipskillsfornursingstudents
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Unit 4. Professional Standards in Nursing Practice
22. Ethics and values
Basictermsinhealthethics
Professionalnursingcodeofethics
Values
Approachestoethics
Nursingpointofview
Issuesinhealthcareethics
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
23. Legal implications in nursing practice
Legallimitsofnursing
Federalstatutesaffectingnursingpractice
Statestatutesaffectingnursingpractice
Nursingworkforceguidelines
Legalimplicationsandreducingyourlegalrisks
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Statutes
24. Communication
Communicationandnursingpractice
Elementsofthecommunicationprocess
Formsofcommunication
Professionalnursingrelationships
Elementsofprofessionalcommunication
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
25. Patient education
Purposesofpatienteducation
Teachingandlearning
Domainsoflearning
Basiclearningprinciples
Clinicaljudgmentinpatienteducation
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
26. Informatics and documentation
Purposesofthehealthcarerecord
Interprofessionalcommunicationwithinthehealthrecord
Standardsandguidelinesforqualitynursingdocumentation
Methodsofdocumentation
Commonrecord-keepingformswithintheelectronichealthrecord
Documentingcommunicationwithprovidersanduniqueevents
Acuityratingsystems
Documentationinthelong-termhealthcaresetting
Documentationinthehomehealthcaresetting
Casemanagementanduseofcriticalpathways
Informaticsandinformationmanagementinhealthcare
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Unit 5. Foundations for Nursing Practice
27 Patient safety and quality
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill271Fallpreventioninhealthcaresettings
Skill27.2Applyingphysicalrestraints
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
28. Infection prevention and control
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill281Handhygiene
Skill28.2Preparationofsterilefield
Skill283Surgicalhandasepsis
Skill28.4Opengloving
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
29. Vital signs
Guidelinesformeasuringvitalsigns
Bodytemperature
Nursingprocess
Pulse
Nursingprocess
Respiration
Nursingprocess
Bloodpressure
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill29.1Measuringbodytemperature
Skill29.2Assessingapicalandradialpulse
Skill293Assessingrespirations
Skill29.4Measuringoxygensaturation(pulseoximetry)
Skill29.5Measuringbloodpressurebyauscultation
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
30. Health assessment and physical examination
Purposesofthephysicalexamination
Preparationforexamination
Organizationoftheexamination
Techniquesofphysicalassessment
Generalsurvey
Skin,hair,andnails
Headandneck
Thoraxandlungs
Heart
Breasts
Abdomen
Femalegenitaliaandreproductivetract
Malegenitalia
Rectumandanus
Musculoskeletalsystem
Neurologicalsystem
Aftertheexamination
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
31. Medication administration
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Medicationadministration
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill31.1Administeringoralmedications
Skill312Administeringophthalmicmedications
Skill31.3Usingmetered-doseinhalers(MDIs)ordrypowderinhalers(DPIs)
Skill31.4Preparinginjections:Ampulesandvials
Skill315Administeringinjections
Needlelengthforimmunizations(BasedonCDC2021aGuidelines)
Skill31.6Administeringmedicationsbyintravenousbolus
Skill317Administeringintravenousmedicationsbypiggyback,volume-control administrationsets,andmini-infusion(syringe)pumps
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
32. Complementary, alternative, and integrative therapies
Complementaryandintegrativetherapies
Nursing-accessibletherapies
Training-specifictherapies
Theintegrativenursingrole
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Unit 6. Psychosocial Basis for Nursing Practice
33. Self-concept
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
34. Sexuality
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
35. Spiritual health
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
36. Loss and grief
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
37. Stress and coping
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
Unit 7. Physiological Basis for Nursing Practice
38. Activity and exercise
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill38.1Usingsafeandeffectivetransfertechniques
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill391Movingandpositioningpatientsinbed
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
References
Researchreferences
40. Hygiene
Scientificknowledgebase
Nursingknowledgebase
Criticalthinking
Nursingprocess
Safetyguidelinesfornursingskills
Skill401Bathingandperinealcare
Skill40.2Performingnailandfootcare
Skill403Performingmouthcareforanunconsciousordebilitatedpatient
Keypoints
Reflectivelearning
Reviewquestions
