Developing clinical judgment for professional nursing and the next-generation nclex-rn® examination

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Instructions for online access

Thank you for your purchase. Please note that your purchase of this Elsevier eBook also includes access to an online version. Please click here (or go to hp://ebooks.elsevier.com) to request an activation code and registration instructions in order to gain access to the web version.

Developing Clinical Judgment for

Professional Nursing and the Next-Generation NCLEX-RN® Examination

ANEF

Speaker and Curriculum Consultant for Academic Nursing Programs; Founder, Boot Camp for Nurse Educators; President, DI Associates, Inc. , Lileton, Colorado

Table of Contents

Instructions for online access

Cover image

Title page

Copyright

Contributors

Reviewers

Preface

Dedication

About the author

Acknowledgments

Exemplars

PART 1. Introduction: Developing Clinical Judgment

1. Transitioning from the nursing process to clinical judgment

Review of the nursing process and critical thinking

Expanding from the nursing process to clinical judgment

New nursing graduates and clinical judgment

The National Council of State Boards of Nursing Clinical Judgment Measurement Model

Thinking and discussion questions

References

2. Applying the NCSBN clinical judgment measurement model to ensure client safety

Overview of the NCSBN CJMM

Applying the cognitive skills of the NCSBN CJMM

Applying the NCSBN CJMM for thinking exercises in this workbook

Enhanced hot spot thinking exercises

Cloze thinking exercises

Extended drag and drop thinking exercises

Extended multiple response thinking exercises

Matrix thinking exercises

Thinking and discussion questions

Bibliography

PART 2. Clinical Judgment for Clients Across the Life Span Experiencing Commonly Occurring Health Problems

3. Perfusion: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 3A. Heart failure (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

Exemplar 3B. Sickle cell disease (Pediatric nursing: Adolescent)

4. Cloing: Deep Vein Thrombosis

Exemplar 4. Deep vein thrombosis (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

5. Gas exchange: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 5A. Asthma (Pediatric nursing: School-age child)

Exemplar 5B Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Medicalsurgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

6. Elimination: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Exemplar 6. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

7. Nutrition: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 7A Cholecystitis/cholecystectomy (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 7B. Peptic ulcer disease (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

8. Mobility: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 8A. Fractured hip/open reduction internal fixation (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

Exemplar 8B. Fractured radius and medial epicondyle (Pediatric nursing: Preschool child)

Exemplar 8C. Osteoarthritis/total knee arthroplasty (Medicalsurgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 8D. Parkinson disease (Medical-surgical nursing/mental health nursing: Older adult)

9. Metabolism: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 9A. Diabetes mellitus (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 9B. Hyperthyroidism/thyroidectomy (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

10. Cellular regulation: Breast Cancer

Exemplar 10 Breast cancer (Medical-surgical nursing: Middleage adult)

11. Inflammation: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 11A Crohn’s disease (Medical-surgical nursing: Young adult; middle-age adult)

Exemplar 11B. Appendicitis/appendectomy (Pediatric nursing: Late school-age child)

12. Infection: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 12A. Cellulitis (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 12B. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (Pediatric nursing: Infant)

13. Sensory perception: Cataracts

Exemplar 13. Cataracts (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

14. Cognition: Common Health Problems

Exemplar 14A. Delirium (Mental health nursing: Older adult)

Exemplar 14B. Alzheimer’s disease (Mental health nursing: Middle-age adult)

15. Mood and affect: Depression

Exemplar 15. Depression (Mental health nursing: Adolescent)

16. Stress and coping: Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Exemplar 16. Generalized anxiety disorder (Mental health nursing: Young adult)

17. Reproduction: Uterine Leiomyoma/Hysterectomy

Exemplar 17. Uterine leiomyoma/hysterectomy (Medicalsurgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

PART 3. Clinical Judgment for Childbearing Families

18. Reproduction: Childbearing Family

Exemplar 18A. Uncomplicated prenatal woman

Exemplar 18B. Complicated prenatal woman

Exemplar 18C. Uncomplicated intrapartum care

Exemplar 18D. Complicated intrapartum care

Exemplar 18E. Uncomplicated postpartum care

Exemplar 18F. Complicated postpartum care

Exemplar 18G. Uncomplicated newborn care

PART 4. Clinical Judgment for Clients Across the Life Span

Experiencing Complex Multisystem Health Problems

19. Perfusion: Complex Health Problems

Exemplar 19A. Myocardial infarction (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 19B Atrial fibrillation/stroke (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

Exemplar 19C Hypovolemic shock (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

20. Mobility: Spinal Cord Injury

Exemplar 20. Spinal cord injury (Pediatric nursing: Adolescent)

21. Cognition: Traumatic Brain Injury

Exemplar 21. Traumatic brain injury (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult and young adult)

22. Infection: Sepsis

Exemplar 22. Sepsis (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

23. Gas exchange: Chest Trauma

Exemplar 23. Chest trauma (Medical-surgical nursing: Middleage adult)

24. Elimination: Complex Health Problems

Exemplar 24A. Chronic kidney disease (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

Exemplar 24B. Intestinal obstruction (Medical-surgical nursing: Young adult; older adult)

25. Metabolism: Complex Health Problems

Exemplar 25A. Diabetic ketoacidosis (Pediatric nursing: Adolescent)

Exemplar 25B Cirrhosis (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult)

Exemplar 25C. Acute pancreatitis (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age adult)

26. Tissue integrity: Burns

Exemplar 26. Burns (Medical-surgical nursing: Young adult)

27. Stress and coping: Substance Use Disorder

Exemplar 27. Substance use disorder (Pediatric nursing/mental health nursing: Adolescent)

28. Management of care: Complex Health Problems

Exemplar 28. Complex health problems (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age and older adult)

PART 5. Pharmacology for Nursing

29. Pharmacology in management of common health problems

Exemplar 29A. Drugs that affect nutrition and elimination (Medical-surgical nursing: Older adult; pediatric nursing)

Exemplar 29B. Drugs that affect clotting (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age and older adult)

Exemplar 29C. Drugs that affect perfusion (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age and older adult)

Exemplar 29D. Drugs that promote comfort and metabolism (Medical-surgical nursing: Middle-age and older adult)

Exemplar 29E Drugs that manage infection (Medical-surgical nursing [young and middle-age adult]; pediatric nursing)

30. Pharmacology in management of complex health problems

Exemplar 30A. Drugs that affect perfusion and gas exchange (Medical-surgical nursing: older adult; pediatric nursing: Adolescent)

Exemplar 30B. Drugs that affect immunity (Medical-surgical nursing: Young adult; middle-age adult)

Exemplar 30C. Drugs that manage psychoses (Mental health nursing: Young adult)

Exemplar 30D. Drugs that manage emergencies (Medicalsurgical nursing: Young adult; older adult)

Answer key

Chapter 3 Perfusion: Common health problems

Chapter 4 Clotting: Deep vein thrombosis

Chapter 5 Gas exchange: Common health problems

Chapter 6 Elimination: Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Chapter 7 Nutrition: Common health problems

Chapter 8 Mobility: Common health problems

Chapter 9 Metabolism: Common health problems

Chapter 10 Cellular regulation: Breast cancer

Chapter 11 Inflammation: Common health problems

Chapter 12 Infection: Common health problems

Chapter 13 Sensory perception: Cataracts

Chapter 14 Cognition: Common health problems

Chapter 15 Mood and affect: Depression

Chapter 16 Stress and coping: Generalized anxiety disorder

Chapter 17 Reproduction: Uterine leiomyoma/hysterectomy

Chapter 18 Reproduction: Childbearing family

Chapter 19 Perfusion: Complex health problems

Chapter 20 Mobility: Spinal cord injury

Chapter 21 Cognition: Traumatic brain injury

Chapter 22 Infection: Sepsis

Chapter 23 Gas exchange: Chest trauma

Chapter 24 Elimination: Complex health problems

Chapter 25 Metabolism: Complex health problems

Chapter 26 Tissue integrity: Burns

Chapter 27 Stress and coping: Substance use disorder

Chapter 28 Management of care: Complex health problems

Chapter 29 Pharmacology in management of common health problems

Chapter 30 Pharmacology in management of complex health problems

References

Elsevier

3251 Riverport Lane

St. Louis, Missouri 63043

DEVELOPING CLINICAL JUDGMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL NURSING

AND THE NEXT-GENERATION NCLEX-RN® EXAMINATION

ISBN: 978-0-323-71858-5

Copyright © 2021 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.

This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notice

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any

information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a maer of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.

International Standard Book Number: 978-0-323-71858-5

Executive Content Strategist: Lee Henderson

Director, Content Development: Laurie Gower

Senior Content Development Specialist: Laura Goodrich

Publishing Services Manager: Julie Eddy

Senior Project Manager: Jodi M. Willard

Design Direction: Amy Buxton

Printed in China

Contributors

Jessica Hoy, RN, MSNE, PCCN-K, Assistant Professor of Nursing, College of Saint Scholastica, Duluth, Minnesota

Tami Lile, DNP, MSN, BSN, Corporate Director of Nursing, Vista College, Richardson, Texas

Sabrina Olson, MSN, RN, Professor, Butler Community College, El Dorado, Kansas

Janet Schueller, MSN, RN, Curriculum Chairperson, Professor, Butler Community College, El Dorado, Kansas

Reviewers

Kiy Cashion, RN-BC, MSN, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of MaternalFetal Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee

Brigid Chvilicek, MSN, RN, CPNP, Faculty of Nursing, Wenatchee Valley College, Wenatchee, Washington

Monica Dobbins, RN, Nursing Instructor, Butler Community College, El Dorado, Kansas

Jessica Hoy, RN, MSNE, PCCN-K, Assistant Professor of Nursing, College of Saint Scholastica, Duluth, Minnesota

Kay R. Jansen, DNP, RN, Undergraduate Program Director, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, College of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Tami Lile, DNP, MSN, BSN, Corporate Director of Nursing, Vista College, Richardson, Texas

Lisa M. Pugsley, MSN, RN, CNE, CPN, Instructor of Nursing, Georgia Gwinne College, Lawrenceville, Georgia

Preface

Purpose of this workbook

In just a few years, the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) is expected to begin using the Next-Generation NCLEX® Examination for nursing licensure based on its new model of clinical judgment. This one-of-a-kind workbook is designed for students enrolled in prelicensure programs in preparation for registered nursing (RN) practice to help:

• Develop clinical judgment skills for professional nursing practice to ensure patient safety and quality of care.

• Prepare for success on the Next-Generation NCLEX® Examination (NGN) through practical thinking exercises in which students apply clinical reasoning skills to make appropriate clinical judgments.

This book is intended for students to use throughout their nursing program. Thinking exercises are available for all major areas of clinical specialty practice and are leveled from basic and foundational to more complex and multisystem. Each exercise provides challenging client situations with multiple NGN-style test items. For many thinking exercises, the clinical situation evolves into continuing care requiring the student to address changing client conditions.

Organization of this workbook

This student-friendly workbook is organized by nursing concepts but is easy to use in any type of prelicensure RN nursing program. It is divided into five distinct parts for a total of 30 chapters. Each health problem throughout the book consists of between 4 and 7 thinking exercises for student practice:

Part 1 (Chapters 1 and 2). Chapter 1 provides an introduction to clinical judgment as a primary skill needed by practicing nurses. Chapter 2 offers tips for answering the practical thinking exercises in the workbook.

Part 2 (Chapters 3 to 17). This section focuses on thinking exercises that address nursing care for clients experiencing commonly occurring medical-surgical, pediatric, and mental health problems across the life span.

Part 3 (Chapter 18). This chapter provides multiple opportunities for students to address the care of childbearing women with uncomplicated and complicated clinical situations. Care of the normal newborn is also included.

Part 4 (Chapters 19 to 28). This section includes thinking exercises that address nursing care for clients experiencing complex multisystem medical-surgical, pediatric, and mental health problems across the life span.

Part 5 (Chapter 29 and 30). Although many pharmacology thinking exercises are integrated throughout Chapters 3 to 28, Chapters 29 and 30 are dedicated solely to the nurse’s role in administering commonly used drugs for adult and pediatric clients who have commonly occurring and complex health problems.

Answer Key. The last section of this workbook presents the answers and rationales for each thinking exercise. In addition, the student is provided with reference pages where they can read more about each health problem.

References. At the end of the book is the list of textbook citations that are used for reference for the thinking exercises.

In summary, Developing Clinical Judgment for Professional Nursing and the Next-Generation NCLEX-RN® Examination is the first product focused exclusively on developing the clinical judgment skills needed for student success on the NGN and in clinical practice.

Dedication

To all the nursing educators who are passionate about teaching, and to all the nursing students who are passionate about learning.

About the author

Donna D. Ignatavicius received her diploma in nursing from the Peninsula General School of Nursing in Salisbury, Maryland. After working as a charge nurse in medical-surgical nursing, she became an instructor in staff development at the University of Maryland Medical Center. She then received her BSN from the University of Maryland School of Nursing. For 5 years she taught in several schools of nursing while working toward her MS in Nursing, which she received in 1981. Donna then taught in the BSN program at the University of Maryland, after which she continued to pursue her interest in gerontology and accepted the position of Director of Nursing of a major skilled-nursing facility in her home state of Maryland. Since that time, she has served as an instructor in several associate degree nursing programs. Through her consulting activities, faculty development workshops, and international nursing education conferences (such as Boot Camp for Nurse Educators®), Donna is nationally recognized as an expert in nursing education. She is currently the President of DI Associates, Inc. (hp://www.diassociates.com/), a company dedicated to improving health care through education and consultation for faculty. In recognition of her contributions to the field, she was inducted as a charter Fellow of the prestigious Academy of Nursing Education in 2007 and received her Certified Nurse Educator credential in 2016.

Acknowledgments

Publishing a textbook would not be possible without the combined efforts of many people. With that in mind, I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to many people who were such an integral part of this journey.

My contributing authors provided excellent manuscripts to underscore the clinical relevancy of this publication. I give special gratitude to Meg Blair, who was extremely valuable as a project resource from beginning to end. The reviewers expert clinicians and instructors from around the United States provided invaluable suggestions and encouragement throughout the development of this book.

The staff of Elsevier has, as always, provided us with meaningful guidance and support throughout every step of the planning, writing, revision, and production of this new title. Executive Content Strategist Lee Henderson worked closely with me from the early stages of this title to help me hone and focus the project from start to finish. Senior Content Development Specialist Laura Goodrich then worked with me from vision to publication.

Senior Project Manager Jodi Willard was, as always, an absolute joy with whom to work. Her unwavering aention to detail, flexibility, and conscientiousness helped to make this title consistently readable while making the production process incredibly smooth. Also, a special thanks to Publishing Services Manager Julie Eddy. Designer Amy Buxton is responsible for the beautiful cover and the interior design.

My acknowledgments would not be complete without recognizing the dedicated team of Educational Solutions Consultants and other key members of the Sales and Marketing staff who helped to put this book into your hands.

Exemplars

Medical-surgical nursing

Young adult

Burns, Exemplar 26, 163

Crohn’s Disease, Exemplar 11A, 70

Drugs That Affect Immunity, Exemplar 30B, 187

Drugs That Manage Emergencies, Exemplar 30D, 191

Drugs That Manage Infection, Exemplar 29E, 182

Intestinal Obstruction, Exemplar 24B, 152

Traumatic Brain Injury, Exemplar 21, 136

Middle-age adult

Acute Pancreatitis, Exemplar 25C, 160

Breast Cancer, Exemplar 10, 67

Cellulitis, Exemplar 12A, 77

Chest Trauma, Exemplar 23, 145

Cholecystitis/Cholecystectomy, Exemplar 7A, 44

Chronic Kidney Disease, Exemplar 24A, 149

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Exemplar 5B, 35

Crohn’s Disease, Exemplar 11A, 70

Deep Vein Thrombosis, Exemplar 4, 28

Diabetes Mellitus, Exemplar 9A, 61

Drugs That Affect Cloing, Exemplar 29B, 175

Drugs That Affect Immunity, Exemplar 30B, 187

Drugs That Affect Perfusion, Exemplar 29C, 177

Drugs That Manage Infection, Exemplar 29E, 182

Drugs That Promote Comfort and Metabolism, Exemplar 29D, 179

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