1.82 Extensile Iliofemoral Approach (Reinert et al.), 94
1.83 Triradiate Extensile Approach to the Acetabulum (Mears and Rubash), 97
1.84 Extensile Approach to the Acetabulum (Carnesale), 99
1.85 Approach to the Ilium, 99
1.86 Approach to the Symphysis Pubis (Pfannenstiel), 100
1.87 Posterior Approach to the Sacroiliac Joint, 102
1.88 Anterior Approach to the Sacroiliac Joint (Avila), 102
1.89 Approach to Both Sacroiliac Joints or Sacrum (Modified from Mears and Rubash), 103
1.90 Approach to the Sternoclavicular Joint, 104 1.91 Approach to the Acromioclavicular Joint and Coracoid Process (Roberts), 104
1.92 Anteromedial Approach to the Shoulder (Thompson; Henry), 105 1.93 Anteromedial/Posteromedial Approach to the Shoulder (Cubbins, Callahan, and Scuderi), 106
1.94 Anterior Axillary Approach to the Shoulder (Leslie and Ryan), 106
1.95 Anterolateral Limited Deltoid-Splitting Approach to the Shoulder, 106
1.96 Extensile Anterolateral Approach to the Shoulder (Gardner et al.), 109
1.97 Transacromial Approach to the Shoulder (Darrach; McLaughlin), 109
1.98 Posterior Deltoid-Splitting Approach to the Shoulder (Wirth et al.), 110
1.99 Posterior Approach to the Shoulder (Modified Judet), 111
1.100 Simplified Posterior Approach to the Shoulder (King, as Described by Brodsky et al.), 111
1.101 Posterior Inverted-U Approach to the Shoulder (Abbott and Lucas), 113
1.102 Anterolateral Approach to the Shaft of the Humerus (Thompson; Henry), 114
1.103 Subbrachial Approach to the Humerus (Boschi et al.), 116
1.104 Posterior Approach to the Proximal Humerus (Berger and Buckwalter), 117
1.105 Posterolateral Approach to the Distal Humeral Shaft (Moran), 118
1.106 Posterolateral Extensile (Cold) Approach to the Distal Humerus (Lewicky, Sheppard, and Ruth), 120
1.107 Posterolateral Approach to the Elbow (Campbell), 121
1.108 Extensile Posterolateral Approach to the Elbow (Wadsworth), 121
1.109 Posterior Approach to the Elbow by Olecranon Osteotomy (MacAusland and Müller), 123
1.110 Extensile Posterior Approach to the Elbow (Bryan and Morrey), 123
1.111 Lateral Approach to the Elbow, 124
1.112 Lateral J–Shaped Approach to the Elbow (Kocher), 126
1.113 Medial Approach with Osteotomy of the Medial Epicondyle (Molesworth; Campbell), 127
1.114 Medial and Lateral Approach to the Elbow, 127
1.115 Global Approach to the Elbow (Patterson, Bain, and Mehta), 127
1.116 Posterolateral Approach to the Radial Head and Neck, 130
1.117 Approach to the Proximal and Middle Thirds of the Posterior Surface of the Radius (Thompson), 131
1.118 Anterolateral Approach to the Proximal Shaft and Elbow Joint (Henry), 132
1.119 Anterior Approach to the Distal Half of the Radius (Henry), 132
1.120 Anterior Approach to the Coronoid Process of the Proximal Ulna (Yang et al.), 134
1.121 Approach to the Proximal Third of the Ulna and the Proximal Fourth of the Radius (Boyd), 135
1.122 Dorsal Approach to the Wrist, 137
1.123 Dorsal Approach to the Wrist, 137
1.124 Volar Approach to the Wrist, 137
1.125 Lateral Approach to the Wrist, 138
1.126 Medial Approach to the Wrist, 138 Arthroplasty of the Hip
3.1 Preoperative Templating for Total Hip Arthroplasty (Capello), 203
3.2 Posterolateral Approach with Posterior Dislocation of the Hip, 207
3.3 Implantation of Cementless Acetabular Component, 210
3.4 Implantation of Cemented Acetabular Component, 212
3.5 Implantation of Cementless Femoral Component, 214
3.6 Implantation of Cemented Femoral Component, 218
3.7 Direct Anterior Approach with Anterior Dislocation of the Hip, 222
3.8 Gluteus Maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata Transfer for Primary Deficiency of the Abductors of the Hip, 269
3.9 Revision After Adverse Local Tissue Reaction, 285
3.10 Transtrochanteric Approach for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty, 289
3.11 Removal of Cemented Femoral Component, 289
3.12 Removal of Cementless Femoral Component, 290
3.13 Removal of Implants with Extensive Distal Bone Ingrowth (Glassman and Engh), 291
3.14 Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy (Younger et al.), 292
3.15 Removal of a Broken Stem—Proximal Window (Moreland, Marder, and Anspach), 294
3.16 Removal of a Broken Stem—Distal Window, 295
3.17 Removal of Femoral Cement, 295
3.18 Removal of Distal Cement with a High-Speed Burr (Turner et al.), 296
3.19 Removal of Distal Cement with a High-Speed Burr and Cortical Window (Mallory), 298
3.20 Removal of a Loose All-Polyethylene Cup, 299
3.21 Removal of a Metal-Backed, Cemented Acetabular Component, 299
10.2 Dome Osteotomy for Correction of Varus Deformity Above the Ankle Deformity (Tan and Myerson), 536
10.3 Medial Tibial Plafondplasty for Varus Deformity at the Ankle Joint (Tan and Myerson), 537
10.4 Reconstruction of Lateral Ankle Ligaments for Chronic Instability as an Adjunct to Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Coetzee), 538
10.5 Tibiotalar Arthrodesis Conversion to Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Pellegrini et al.), 540
10.6 Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Meeker et al.), 555 Ankle Arthrodesis
11.1 Opening Wedge Osteotomy of the Tibia For Varus Deformity and Medial Joint Arthrosis, 564
11.2 Intraarticular Opening Medial Wedge Osteotomy (Plafondplasty) of the Tibia for Intraarticular Varus Arthritis and Instability (Mann, Filippi, and Myerson), 566
11.3 Distraction Arthroplasty of the Ankle, 568
11.4 Mini-Incision Technique, 575
11.5 Transfibular (Transmalleolar) Arthrodesis with Fibular Strut Graft, 576
11.9 Posterior Approach for Arthrodesis of Ankle and Subtalar Joints (Campbell), 584
11.10 Arthrodesis with a Thin-Wire External Fixation, 584
11.11 Tibiotalar Arthrodesis with a Sliding Bone Graft (Blair; Morris et al.), 590
11.12 Tibiotalar or Tibiotalocalcaneal Fusion with Structural Allograft and Internal Fixation for Salvage of Failed Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Berkowitz et al.), 591
11.13 Bone Graft Harvest from the Proximal Tibia (Whitehouse et al.), 593
Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty
12.1 Hemiarthroplasty, 608
12.2 Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, 612
12.3 Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, 617
12.4 Debridement Arthroplasty (Wada et al.), 633
12.5 Interposition Arthroplasty, 637
12.6 Radial Head Arthroplasty, 639
12.7 Coonrad-Morrey Prosthesis, 642
12.8 Elbow Resection Arthroplasty (Campbell), 648
Salvage Operations for the Shoulder and Elbow
13.1 External Fixation (Charnley and Houston), 660
13.2 Plate Fixation (AO Group), 660
13.3 Pelvic Reconstruction Plate (Modification of Richards et al.), 661
13.4 Shoulder Arthrodesis After Failed Prosthetic Shoulder Arthroplasty (Scalise and Iannotti), 662
13.5 Arthroscopic Shoulder Arthrodesis for Brachial Plexus Injury (lenoir), 664
13.6 Elbow Arthrodesis (Staples), 665
13.7 Elbow Arthrodesis (Müller et al.), 666
13.8 Elbow Arthrodesis (Spier), 666
13.9 Latissimus Dorsi Transfer, Open Technique (Gerber et al.), 668
36.32 Reconstruction of the Patellofemoral and Patellotibial Ligaments with a Semitendinosus Tendon Graft (Nietosvaara et al.), 1598
36.33 3-In-1 Procedure for Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella: Lateral Release, Vastus Medialis Obliquus Muscle Advancement, and Transfer of the Medial Third of the Patellar Tendon to the Medial Collateral Ligament (Oliva et al.), 1599
36.34 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Sleeve Fracture (Houghton and Ackroyd), 1600
36.35 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Eminence Fracture, 1602
36.36 Arthroscopic Reduction of Tibial Eminence Fracture and Internal Fixation with Bioabsorbable Nails (Liljeros et al.), 1603
36.37 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation, 1606
36.38 Open Reduction and Removal of Interposed Tissue (Weber et al.), 1611
36.39 Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Fracture (O’Brien et al.), 1614
36.40 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation, 1617
36.41 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation, 1618
36.42 Excision of Osteochondral Fragment of the Talus, 1625
36.43 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Cuboid Compression (Nutcracker) Fracture (Ceroni et al.), 1629
Anatomic Approaches to the Spine
37.1 Anterior Transoral Approach (Spetzler), 1648
37.2 Anterior Retropharyngeal Approach (McAfee et al.), 1649
37.3 Subtotal Maxillectomy (Cocke et al.), 1651
37.4 Extended Maxillotomy, 1652
37.5 Anterior Approach, C3 to C7 (Southwick and Robinson), 1653
37.6 Anterolateral Approach, C2 to C7 (Bruneau et al., Chibbaro et al.), 1655
37.7 Low Anterior Cervical Approach, 1657
37.8 High Transthoracic Approach, 1657
37.9 Transsternal Approach, 1657
37.10 Modified Anterior Approach to Cervicothoracic Junction (Darling et al.), 1658
37.11 Anterior Approach to the Cervicothoracic Junction Without Sternotomy (Pointillart et al.), 1659
37.12 Anterior Approach to the Thoracic Spine, 1661
37.13 Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (Mack et al.), 1661
37.14 Anterior Approach to the Thoracolumbar Junction, 1663
37.15 Minimally Invasive Approach to the Thoracolumbar Junction, 1663
37.16 Anterior Retroperitoneal Approach, L1 to L5, 1664
37.17 Percutaneous Lateral Approach, L1 to L4-5 (Ozgur et al.), 1667
37.18 Anterior Transperitoneal Approach, L5 to S1, 1669
37.19 Oblique Approach for Lumbar Interbody Fusion, L1-L5 and L5-S1 (Mehren et al.), 1670
37.20 Video-Assisted Lumbar Surgery (Onimus et al.), 1673
37.21 Posterior Approach to the Cervical Spine, Occiput to C2, 1673
37.22 Posterior Approach to the Cervical Spine, C3 to C7, 1674
37.23 Posterior Approach to the Thoracic Spine, T1 to T12, 1675
37.24 Costotransversectomy, 1676
37.25 Posterior Approach to the Lumbar Spine, L1 to L5, 1677
37.26 Paraspinal Approach to Lumbar Spine (Wiltse and Spencer), 1677
37.27 Posterior Approach to the Lumbosacral Spine, L1 to Sacrum (Wagoner), 1677
37.28 Posterior Approach to the Sacrum and Sacroiliac Joint (Ebraheim et al.), 1679
39.30 Spinous Process Osteotomy (Decompression) (Weiner et al.), 1781
39.31 Microdecompression (McCulloch), 1782
39.32 Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy (Bridwell et al.), 1792
39.33 Coccygeal Injection, 1795
Spondylolisthesis
40.1 Repair of Pars Interarticularis Defect with V-Rod Technique (Gillet and Petit), 1810
40.2 In Situ Posterolateral Instrumented Fusion: Wiltse and Spencer Approach, 1815
40.3 Posterior Instrumented Fusion with Interbody Fusion (PLIF and TLIF), 1815
40.4 L5-S1 Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion, 1818
40.5 Lumbar Decompression, 1823
40.6 Lumbar Decompression and Posterolateral Fusion with or without Instrumentation, 1824
40.7 Lumbar Decompression and Combined Posterolateral and Interbody Fusion (TLIF or PLIF), 1825
Fractures, Dislocations, and Fracture-Dislocations of the Spine
41.1 Stretch Test, 1838
41.2 Application of Gardner-Wells Tongs, 1843
41.3 Closed Reduction of the Cervical Spine, 1843
41.4 Halo Vest Application, 1848
41.5 Occipitocervical Fusion Using Modular Plate and Rod Construct, Segmental Fixation with Occipital Plating, C1 Lateral Mass Screw, C2 Isthmic (Pars) Screws, and Lateral Mass Fixation, 1851
41.6 Occipitocervical Fusion Using Wires and Bone Graft (Wertheim and Bohlman), 1853
41.7 Posterior Primary Osteosynthesis of C1 (Shatsky et al.), 1856
68.5 Transfer of the Proper Digital Nerve Dorsal Branch (Chen et al.), 3569
68.6 Repair of the Ulnar Nerve, 3570
68.7 Repair of the Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve (Boyes, Modified), 3570
68.8 Repair of the Median Nerve, 3573
68.9 Repair of the Superficial Radial Nerve, 3573
68.10 Neurovascular Island Graft Transfer, 3574
Wrist Disorders
69.1 Patient Positioning for Wrist Arthroscopy, 3585
69.2 Radiocarpal Examination, 3586
69.3 Midcarpal Examination, 3587
69.4 Distal Radioulnar Examination, 3588
69.5 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Volar Approach with Iliac Crest Bone Grafting, 3591
69.6 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Dorsal Approach, 3592
69.7 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Acute Displaced Fractures of the Scaphoid—Volar Approach with Distal Radial Autograft, 3593
69.8 Percutaneous Fixation of Scaphoid Fractures (Slade et al.), 3594
69.9 Excision of the Proximal Fragment, 3598
69.10 Proximal Row Carpectomy, 3600
69.11 Arthroscopic Proximal Row Carpectomy (Weiss et al.), 3601
69.12 Grafting Operations (Matti-Russe), 3603
69.13 Grafting Operations (Fernandez), 3604
69.14 Grafting Operations (Tomaino et al.), 3606
69.15 Grafting Operations (Stark et al.), 3606
69.16 Pronator-Based Graft (Kawai and Yamamoto), 3608
69.17 Vascularized Bone Grafts—1,2 Intercompartmental Supraretinacular Artery Graft (1,2 ICSRA) (Zaidemberg et al.), 3609
69.18 Vascularized Bone Grafts—Proximal Radiocarpal Artery Graft (PRCA Graft), 3609
69.19 Wrist Denervation, 3611
69.20 Excision or Reduction and Fixation of the Hook of the Hamate, 3614
69.21 Capitate Shortening with Capitate-Hamate Fusion, 3617
69.22 Radial Decompression for Treatment of Kienböck Disease (Illarramendi and De Carli), 3620
69.23 Radial Shortening, 3621
69.24 Arthroscopic Debridement of Triangular Fibrocartilage Tears, 3625
69.25 Arthroscopic Repair of Class 1B Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears from the Ulna, 3626
69.26 Open Repair of Class 1B Injury, 3626
69.27 Open Repair of Class 1C Injury (Culp, Osterman, and Kaufmann, Modified), 3627
69.28 Arthroscopic Repair of Class 1D Injury (Sagerman and Short; Trumble et al.; Jantea et al., Modified), 3628
69.29 Open Repair of Class 1D Injuries (Cooney et al.), 3630
69.30 Anatomic Reconstruction of the Distal Radioulnar Ligaments (Adams and Berger), 3632
69.31 Reconstruction of the Dorsal Ligament of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (Scheker et al.), 3634
69.32 Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy (Chun and Palmer), 3636
69.33 Limited Ulnar Head Excision: Hemiresection Interposition Arthroplasty (Bowers), 3637
69.34 “Matched” Distal Ulnar Resection (Watson et al.), 3639
69.35 “Wafer” Distal Ulnar Resection (Feldon, Terrono, and Belsky), 3639
69.36 Combined Arthroscopic “Wafer” Distal Ulnar Resection and Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Debridement (Tomaino and Weiser), 3640
69.37 Distal Radioulnar Arthrodesis with Distal Ulnar Pseudarthrosis (Baldwin; Sauve-Kapandji; Lauenstein) (Sanders et al.; Vincent et al.; Lamey and Fernandez), 3641
69.38 Tenodesis of the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris and Transfer of the Pronator Quadratus (Kleinman and Greenberg), 3643
69.39 Combination Tenodesis of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and the Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (Jupiter and Breen, Modified), 3644
69.40 Interposition for Failed Ulna Resection (Sotereanos et al.), 3646
69.41 Arthrodesis of the Wrist (Haddad and Riordan), 3647
69.42 Compression Plate Technique, 3648
69.43 Arthrodesis of the Wrist (Weiss and Hastings), 3648
69.44 Ligament Repair, 3653
69.45 Ligament Reconstruction (Palmer, Dobyns, and Linscheid), 3656
69.46 Ligament Reconstruction (Almquist et al.), 3657
69.47 Ligament Reconstruction (Brunelli and Brunelli), 3658
69.48 Dorsal Capsulodesis (Blatt with Berger Modification), 3659
69.50 Scaphocapitate Arthrodesis (Sennwald and Ufenast), 3662
69.51 Scaphocapitolunate Arthrodesis (Rotman et al.), 3662
69.52 Lunotriquetral Arthrodesis (Kirschenbaum et al.; Nelson et al.), 3662
Special Hand Disorders
70.1 Escharotomy (Sheridan et al.), 3675
70.2 Tangential Excision (Ruosso and Wexler Modified), 3676
70.3 Full-Thickness Excision, 3676
Paralytic Hand
71.1 Transfer of the Sublimis Tendon (Riordan), 3693
71.2 Transfer of the Sublimis Tendon (Brand), 3694
71.3 Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius (Burkhalter et al.), 3694
71.4 Transfer of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Combined with the Sublimis Tendon (Groves and Goldner), 3695
71.5 Transfer of the Palmaris Longus Tendon to Enhance Opposition of the Thumb (Camitz), 3697
71.6 Muscle Transfer (Abductor Digiti Quinti) to Restore Opposition (Littler and Cooley), 3697
71.7 Transfer of the Brachioradialis or Radial Wrist Extensor to Restore Thumb Adduction (Boyes), 3698
71.8 Transfer of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Tendon to Restore Thumb Adduction (Smith), 3699
71.9 Royle-Thompson Transfer (Modified), 3699
71.10 Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius Tendon, 3701
71.11 Transfer of a Slip of the Abductor Pollicis Longus Tendon (Neviaser, Wilson, and Gardner), 3701
71.12 Transfer of the Flexor Digitorum Sublimis of the Ring Finger (Bunnell, Modified), 3705
71.13 Transfer of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus or Brevis Tendon (Brand), 3707
71.14 Transfer of the Extensor Indicis Proprius and Extensor Digiti Quinti Proprius (Fowler), 3708
71.15 Capsulodesis (Zancolli), 3709
71.16 Tenodesis (Fowler), 3710
71.17 Transfer of Pronator Teres to Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Flexor Carpi Radialis to Extensor Digitorum Communis, and Palmaris Longus to Extensor Pollicis Longus, 3711
71.18 Transfer of Pronator Teres to Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Flexor Carpi Radialis to Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Longus, Flexor Digitorum Sublimis Middle to Extensor Digitorum Communis, and Flexor Digitorum Sublimis Ring to Extensor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Indicis Proprius (Boyes), 3713
71.19 Distal Biceps-to-Triceps Transfer, 3719
71.20 Posterior Deltoid-to-Triceps Transfer (Moberg, Modified), 3721
71.21 Transfer of the Brachioradialis to the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, 3722
71.22 Moberg Key Grip Tenodesis, 3723
71.23 Two-Stage Reconstruction to Restore Digital Flexion and Key Pinch Stage 1—Extensor Phase, 3725
71.24 Two-Stage Reconstruction to Restore Digital Flexion and Key Pinch Stage 2—Flexor Phase, 3725
71.25 Zancolli Reconstruction—First Step, 3726
71.26 Zancolli Reconstruction—Second Step, 3727
Cerebral Palsy of the Hand
72.1 Transfer of the Pronator Teres, 3735
72.2 Brachioradialis Rerouting (Ozkan et al.), 3736
72.3 Fractional Lengthening of the Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle and Finger Flexors, 3739
72.4 Release of the Flexor-Pronator Origin (Inglis and Cooper), 3739
72.5 Extensive Release of the Flexor Pronator Origin (Williams and Haddad), 3740
72.6 Transfer of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (Green and Banks), 3742
72.7 Wrist Arthrodesis, 3743
72.8 Carpectomy (Omer and Capen), 3744
72.9 Myotomy, 3746
72.10 Release of Contractures, Augmentation of Weak Muscles, and Skeletal Stabilization (House et al.), 3746
82.16 Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint with Small Plate Fixation (Mankey and Mann), 4095
82.17 Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint with Low-Profile Contoured Dorsal Plate and Compression Screw Fixation (Kumar, Pradhan, and Rosenfeld), 4096
82.18 Truncated Cone Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint (Johnson and Alexander), 4098
82.19 Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsocuneiform Articulation (Lapidus Procedure) (Myerson et al.; Sangeorzan and Hansen; Mauldin et al.), 4099
82.20 Arthrodesis of the First Metatarsocuneiform Articulation (Lapidus Procedure) with Plate Fixation (Sorensen, Hyer, Berlet), 4101
82.21 Double First Metatarsal Osteotomies (Peterson and Newman), 4107
82.22 Modified Peterson Procedure (Aronson, Nguyen, and Aronson), 4108
82.23 First Cuneiform Osteotomy (Coughlin), 4110
82.24 First Web Space Dissection, Lateral Release, and Repeat Capsular Imbrication (Hallux Valgus Angle Less Than 30 Degrees and First-Second Intermetatarsal Angle Less Than 15 Degrees), 4113
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S. Terry Canale, MD
It is with humble appreciation and admiration that we dedicate this edition of Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics to Dr. S. Terry Canale, who served as editor or co-editor of five editions. He took great pride in this position and worked tirelessly to continue to improve “The Book.” As noted by one of his co-editors, “Terry is probably the only person in the world who has read every word of multiple editions of Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics.” He considered Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics an opportunity for worldwide orthopaedic education and made it a priority to ensure that each edition provided valuable and up-to-date information. His commitment to and enthusiasm for this work will continue to influence and inspire every future edition.
Kay C. Daugherty
It is with equal appreciation and regard that we dedicate this edition to Kay C.Daugherty,themanagingeditorofthelastnineeditions Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics. Over the last 40 years, she has faithfully and tirelessly edited, reshaped, and overseen all aspects of publication from manuscript preparationtoproofing.Shehasaprofoundtalenttoputideasanddisjointed words into comprehensible text, ensuring that each revision maintains the gold standard in readability. Each edition is a testament to her dedication to excellence in writing and education. A favorite quote of Mrs. Daugherty to one of our late authors was, “I’ll make a deal. I won’t operate if you won’t punctuate.” We are grateful for her many years of continual service to the Campbell Foundation and for the publications yet to come.
FREDERICK M. AZAR, MD
Professor
Director, Sports Medicine Fellowship University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Chief-of-Staff, Campbell Clinic Memphis, Tennessee
JAMES H. BEATY, MD
Harold B. Boyd Professor and Chair University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
MICHAEL J. BEEBE, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
CLAYTON C. BETTIN, MD
Assistant Professor Director, Foot and Ankle Fellowship Associate Residency Program Director University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
TYLER J. BROLIN, MD
Assistant Professor University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JAMES H. CALANDRUCCIO, MD
Associate Professor Director, Hand Fellowship University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
DAVID L. CANNON, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
KEVIN B. CLEVELAND, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
ANDREW H. CRENSHAW JR., MD
Professor Emeritus
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JOHN R. CROCKARELL, MD
Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
GREGORY D. DABOV, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
MARCUS C. FORD, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
RAYMOND J. GARDOCKI, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
BENJAMIN J. GREAR, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JAMES L. GUYTON, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JAMES W. HARKESS, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
ROBERT K. HECK JR., MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
MARK T. JOBE, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
DEREK M. KELLY, MD
Professor
Director, Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellowship
Director, Resident Education
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
SANTOS F. MARTINEZ, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
ANTHONY A. MASCIOLI, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
BENJAMIN M. MAUCK, MD
Assistant Professor
Director, Hand Fellowship
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
MARC J. MIHALKO, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
WILLIAM M. MIHALKO, MD PhD
Professor, H.R. Hyde Chair of Excellence in Rehabilitation Engineering
Director, Biomedical Engineering
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering
Memphis, Tennessee
ROBERT H. MILLER III, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
G. ANDREW MURPHY, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
ASHLEY L. PARK, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
EDWARD A. PEREZ, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
BARRY B. PHILLIPS, MD
Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
DAVID R. RICHARDSON, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
MATTHEW I. RUDLOFF, MD
Assistant Professor
Co-Director, Trauma Fellowship University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JEFFREY R. SAWYER, MD
Professor
Co-Director, Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellowship
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
BENJAMIN W. SHEFFER, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
DAVID D. SPENCE, MD
Assistant Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
NORFLEET B. THOMPSON, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
THOMAS W. THROCKMORTON, MD
Professor
Co-Director, Sports Medicine Fellowship University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
PATRICK C. TOY, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
WILLIAM C. WARNER JR., MD
Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
JOHN C. WEINLEIN, MD
Assistant Professor Director, Trauma Fellowship University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
WILLIAM J. WELLER, MD
Instructor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
A. PAIGE WHITTLE, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
KEITH D. WILLIAMS, MD
Associate Professor
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
DEXTER H. WITTE III, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor in Radiology
University of Tennessee–Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering Memphis, Tennessee
When Dr. Willis Campbell published the first edition of Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics in 1939, he could not have envisioned that over 80 years later it would have evolved into a four-volume text and earned the accolade of the “bible of orthopaedics” as a mainstay in orthopaedic practices and educational institutions all over the world. This expansion from some 400 pages in the first edition to over 4,500 pages in this 14th edition has not changed Dr. Campbell’s original intent: “to present to the student, the general practitioner, and the surgeon the subject of orthopaedic surgery in a simple and comprehensive manner.” In each edition since the first, authors and editors have worked diligently to fulfill these objectives. This would have not been possible without the hard work of our contributors who always strive to present the most up-to-date information while retaining “tried and true” techniques and tips. The scope of this text continues to expand in the hope that the information will be relevant to physicians no matter their location or resources.
As always, this edition also is the result of the collaboration of a group of “behind the scenes” individuals who are involved in the actual production process. The Campbell Foundation staff—Kay Daugherty, Linda Jones, and Tonya Priggel—contributed their considerable talents to editing often confusing and complex author contributions, searching the literature for obscure references, and, in general, “herding
the cats.” Special thanks to Kay and Linda who have worked on multiple editions of Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics (nine editions for Kay and six for Linda). They probably know more about orthopaedics than most of us, and they certainly know how to make it more understandable. Thanks, too, to the Elsevier personnel who provided guidance and assistance throughout the publication process: John Casey, Senior Project Manager; Jennifer Ehlers, Senior Content Development Specialist; and Belinda Kuhn, Senior Content Strategist.
We are especially appreciative of our spouses, Julie Azar and Terry Beaty, and our families for their patience and support as we worked through this project.
The preparation and publication of this 14th edition was fraught with difficulties because of the worldwide pandemic and social unrest, but our contributors and other personnel worked tirelessly, often in creative and innovative ways, to bring it to fruition. It is our hope that these efforts have provided a text that is informative and valuable to all orthopaedists as they continue to refine and improve methods that will ensure the best outcomes for their patients.
