AdvancesofArtificialIntelligence inaGreenEnergyEnvironment
Editedby
PandianVasant ResearchAssociateatMERLINResearchCentre,TDTU,Vietnam
JoshuaThomas AssociateProfessor,UOWMalaysiaKDUPenangUniversityCollege, Malaysia
EliasMunapo Professor,NorthWestUniversity,SouthAfrica
Gerhard-WilhelmWeber Professor,PoznanUniversityofTechnology,Poland
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1.Applicationofsomewaystointensifytheprocess ofanaerobicbioconversionoforganicmatter
AndreyA.Kovalev,DmitriyA.Kovalev,VictorS.Grigoriev andAlexanderMakarov
1.1Introduction 1
1.2Methodsforimprovingtheprocessofmethanedigestion ofmanureandmanurerunoffandtheiranalysis 3
1.3Applicationresults 11
1.3.1Temperatureregime11
1.3.2Separationoftheprocessingprocessintotwoormore stages14
1.3.3Applicationofbiologicalandphysicochemicalmethods forpretreatmentoforganicwaste15
1.3.4Combiningtheprocessesofbiologicalandthermochemicalgasificationoforganicwasteandintermediate productsoftheirprocessingusingtheadvantagesofeach process17
1.3.5Carryingouttheprocessundervariousinfluencesonthe processedsubstrate19
1.3.6Applicationofheatenergyrecoverydirectlyandusing thermaltransformers22
1.3.7Complexapplicationofbiogasplantandadditional sourcesofthermalandelectricenergybasedonother RES25
1.4Energymodel 25 1.5Conclusion 27 References 28
2.Disastersimpactassessmentbasedon socioeconomicapproach
IgorGrebennik,YevhenHubarenko,MarynaHubarenko andSergiyShekhovtsov
2.1Introduction
2.2Statisticsandtendenciesofnaturalandman-madedisasters
2.3Overviewofinstitutionsdealingwithriskmanagement
2.4Promisingapproachestodecreaserisksandlossescausedby
2.5Theissuesofeffectivedisastercounteringorganization
2.6Socioeconomicapproachtotheestimationsofriskdynamics
3.Uninterruptiblepowersupplysystemofthe consumer,reducingpeaknetworkloads
V.A.Gusarov,L.YuYuferevandO.F.Gusarova
3.1Introduction
4.Optimizationoftheanaerobicconversionof greenbiomassintovolatilefattyacidsfor furtherproductionofhigh-calorieliquidfuel
MarinaA.GladchenkoandSergeyN.Gaydamaka
4.3Resultsanddiscussion
4.3.1Specificacid-producingactivityofthebiocatalyst72
4.3.2Biomasspretreatment73
4.3.3ObtainingVFAsandethylalcoholduringtheconversion ofpretreatedgreenbiomasswithabiocatalystin submesophilicandmesophilicmodes73
4.3.4Increaseintheyieldsofvolatilefattyacidsandethanol alcoholduringthetransformationofpretreatedgreen masswithabiologicalcatalystmodifiedbybacteria Clostridiumacetobutylicum insubmesophilicand mesophilicmodes74
4.3.5Increaseintheyieldsofvolatilefattyacidsandethyl alcoholwithaddingacosubstrateofglycerinto pretreatedgreenbiomassduringfermentationwiththe selectedbiocatalystinsubmesophilicandmesophilic modes76
4.3.6Theefficiencyofconversionofsubstratesintovolatile fattyacidsandethanol,dependingonthetemperature andtimeoftheircontactwiththebiocatalyst79
4.4Conclusions
5.Lifecyclecostandlifecycleassessment:an approximationtounderstandtherealimpacts oftheElectricitySupplyIndustry
JoaquinaNiembro-Garcı´a,PatriciaAlfaro-Martı´nezand JoseAntonioMarmolejo-Saucedo
5.1ImportanceofElectricitySupplyIndustry
5.2TheeconomicsofElectricitySupplyIndustry
5.3ThelifecycleofElectricitySupplyIndustry
5.4ImportanceoflifecycleassessmentofElectricitySupply
5.5LifecyclecostofElectricitySupplyIndustry
6.Comparisonofopenaccessmulti-objective optimizationsoftwaretoolsforstandalone hybridrenewableenergysystems
MaheshWagh,PurshottamAcharyaandVivekKulkarni
6.1Introduction
6.2Literaturereview
6.3Openaccessmulti-objectiveoptimizationtools
6.3.1HOMER113
6.3.2iHOGA114
6.3.3Loaddispatchstrategies115
6.3.4HYBRID-2116
6.3.5Comparisonofmultiobjectiveoptimizationalgorithm119
6.4Casestudy 119
6.4.1Inputofload119
6.4.2Solarradiationdatainput122
6.4.3Windspeeddatainput122
6.4.4Selectingothercomponentsdata124
6.4.5Selectionofbatteryandinverter124
6.4.6Calculationtime125
6.5Conclusion
7.Optimizationoftheorganicwasteanaerobicdigestion inbiogasplantsthroughtheuseofavortex layerapparatus
AndreyA.Kovalev,DmitriyA.Kovalev,YuriyV.Litti, InnaV.KatraevaandVictorS.Grigoriev
7.1Introduction
7.2Anaerobicprocessingoforganicwaste:general characteristicsoffermentation 130
7.2.1Generalcharacteristicsofthemethanogenesis130
7.2.2Generalcharacteristicsofthehydrolysisprocess131
7.2.3Theimpactofexternalfactorsontheintensityofthe gasformationprocess133
7.3Methodsofpreprocessing 135
7.4Vortexlayerapparatus
7.5Applicationofthevortexlayerapparatusinbiogasplants 145
7.5.1Pretreatmentofthesubstrateinthevortexlayer apparatustogetherwithbiomassrecycling147
7.6Conclusion
8.Searchofregularitiesindata:optimality,validity, andinterpretability
O.V.Senko,A.V.Kuznetsova,I.A.MatveevandI.S.Litvinchev
8.1Introduction 151
8.2Occam’srazorprincipleforverificationofparametric regressionmodels 153
8.2.1Choicebetweencomplexandsimplemodels153
8.2.2Permutationtesttechnique154
8.2.3Choiceofsimplemodel157
8.2.4UsingOccam’srazorprincipletoevaluate significanceofpiecewiselinearmodels159
8.3Occam’srazorprincipleforverificationofregression modelsbasedonoptimalpartitioning 163
8.3.1Optimalpartitioning163
8.3.2Statisticalsignificance165
8.3.3Multipletesting168
8.4Conclusion
9.Artificialintelligencetechniquesformodelingofwind energyharvestingsystems:acomparativeanalysis
TigiluMitikuDinkuandMukhdeepSinghManshahia
9.1Introduction
9.2Reviewofrelatedworks
9.3Modelingofwindenergyharvestingsystem
9.3.1Turbinemodel174
9.3.2ModelingofPMSG176
9.4Maximumpowerpointtrackingsystem
9.5Loadsideconvertercontrol
9.6Resultsanddiscussion
9.6.1Case1:stepchangeinwindspeedandfixedload182
9.6.2Case2:continuouschangeinwindspeed185 9.7Conclusion
10.Humanparadigmandreliabilityforaggregate productionplanningunderuncertainty
SelmaGu ¨ tmen,Gerhard-WilhelmWeber,AlirezaGoliand ErfanBabaeeTirkolaee
10.1Introduction
11.Artificialintelligence basedintelligentgeospatial analysisindisastermanagement
R.Subhashini,J.JoshuaThomas,A.Sivasangari, P.Mohana,S.VigneshwariandP.Asha 11.1Introduction
11.3.1Preparationofvariousthematicmaps210 11.3.2Thematicmaps210 11.3.3Landuseandlandcover210
11.3.4Digitalelevationmap212 11.3.5Slope212
11.3.6Slopegradient212 11.3.7Lineaments213
11.3.8Drainage214
12.Optimizingthedailyuseoflimitedsolarpanels incloselylocatedruralschoolsinZimbabwe
EliasMunapo
12.1Introduction
12.4.3Identifyingdummypoints232
12.4.4Subtoureliminators234
12.5ProposedalgorithmforTSP
12.6.2Hospitallayout241
12.6.3Dartboarddesign241
12.6.4Designingatypewriterkeyboard241 12.6.5Production241
12.6.6Scheduling241 12.7Conclusions
13.Reviewonrecentimplementationsofmultiobjective andmultileveloptimizationinsustainable energyeconomics
TimothyGanesan,IgorLitvinchev,JoseAntonio Marmolejo-Saucedo,J.JoshuaThomasandPandianVasant
14.Hybridoptimizationandartificialintelligence appliedtoenergysystems:areview
GilbertoPe ´ rezLechuga,KarlaN.MadridFerna´ndezandUgoFiore
14.1Introduction
14.2Stochasticprogramming 281
14.2.1Thegeneralmodel282
14.2.2Softwareforstochasticprogramminginstances283
14.3Optimizationinenergysystems 283
14.3.1Energysystemmodelsandtheiroptimization processes284
14.3.2Aclassificationaccordingtotheapplications284 14.4Conclusions
15.Abriefliteraturereviewofquantitativemodelsfor sustainablesupplychainmanagement
PabloFlores-Sigu ¨ enza,JoseAntonioMarmolejo-Saucedo andRomanRodrı´guez-Aguilar
15.1Introduction 301
15.2Theoreticalfoundationandliteraturereviews 303
15.2.1Supplychainmanagement303
15.2.2Sustainablesupplychainmanagement303
15.2.3Literaturereviews304
15.3Methodology 305
15.3.1Materialcollection305
15.3.2Descriptiveanalysis306
15.3.3Categoryidentification306
15.3.4Materialevaluation306
15.4Results 307
15.4.1Materialcollection307
15.4.2Descriptiveanalysis308
15.4.3SCMdimension311
15.4.4Modelingdimension311
15.4.5Sustainabilitydimension314
15.4.6Researchgapsandfutureresearchperspectives320
15.5Discussion 321
15.6Conclusion 322 References 322
16.Optimizeddesigningsphericalvoidstructures in3Ddomains
TatianaRomanova,GeorgiyYaskov,IgorLitvinchev, IgorYanchevskyi,YuriiStoianandPandianVasant
17.Swarm-basedintelligentstrategiesforcharging plug-inhybridelectricvehicles
PandianVasant,AnirbanBanik,J.JoshuaThomas, JoseAntonioMarmolejo-Saucedo,TimothyGanesan, EliasMunapoandMukhdeepSinghManshahia
17.3Swarm-basedintelligenceapproaches
17.3.1Particleswarmoptimization349
17.3.2Acceleratedparticleswarmoptimization350
17.3.3Gravitationalsearchalgorithm352
17.3.4HybridPSOGSAalgorithm354 17.4Resultsanddiscussions
17.4.1Particleoptimizationswarmfindings356
17.4.2AcceleratedPSOfindings360
17.4.3Gravitationalsearchalgorithmfindings362
17.4.4HybridPSOandGSA(PSOGSA)findings364
17.4.5Comparativeanalysis366
17.5Conclusions
Contributors
PurshottamAcharya,DepartmentofTechnology,ShivajiUniversity,Kolhapur, Maharashtra,India
PatriciaAlfaro-Martı´nez,UniversidadPanamericana,FacultaddeGobiernoy Economı´a,CiudaddeMe ´ xico,Me ´ xico
P.Asha,SchoolofComputing,SathyabamaInstituteofScienceandTechnology, Chennai,TamilNadu,India
AnirbanBanik,NationalInstituteofTechnologyAgartala,India
TigiluMitikuDinku,DepartmentofMathematics,BuleHoraUniversity,BuleHora, Ethiopia
UgoFiore,ParthenopeUniversity,Naples,Italy
PabloFlores-Sigu ¨ enza,FacultaddeIngenierı´a,UniversidadAna ´ huacMe ´ xico,NaucalpandeJua ´ rez,EstadodeMe ´ xico,Me ´ xico
TimothyGanesan,UniversityofCalgary,Alberta,Canada;MemberofAmerican MathematicalSociety,AB,Canada
SergeyN.Gaydamaka,DepartmentofChemicalEnzymology,ChemistryDepartment, LomonosovMoscowStateUniversity,Moscow,Russia
MarinaA.Gladchenko,DepartmentofChemicalEnzymology,ChemistryDepartment,LomonosovMoscowStateUniversity,Moscow,Russia
AlirezaGoli,DepartmentofIndustrialEngineeringandFutureStudies,Facultyof Engineering,UniversityofIsfahan,Isfahan,Iran
IgorGrebennik,KharkivNationalUniversityofRadioElectronics,Kharkiv,Ukraine
VictorS.Grigoriev,FederalScientificAgroengineeringCenterVIM,Moscow,Russia
SelmaGu ¨ tmen,FacultyofEngineeringManagement,PoznanUniversityofTechnology,Poznan,Poland
V.A.Gusarov,FGBNUFNATSVIM,Moscow,RussianFederation
O.F.Gusarova,FAEIHE“RUT”Moscow,RussianFederation
YevhenHubarenko,KharkivNationalUniversityofRadioElectronics,Kharkiv, Ukraine
MarynaHubarenko,KharkivNationalUniversityofRadioElectronics,Kharkiv, Ukraine
InnaV.Katraeva,NizhnyNovgorodStateUniversityofArchitectureandCivilEngineering,NizhnyNovgorod,Russia
AndreyA.Kovalev,FederalScientificAgroengineeringCenterVIM,Moscow,Russia
DmitriyA.Kovalev,FederalScientificAgroengineeringCenterVIM,Moscow,Russia
VivekKulkarni,SanjayGhodawatGroupofInstitutions,Atigre,Kolhapur,Maharashtra,India
A.V.Kuznetsova,InstituteofBiochemicalPhysics,Moscow,Russia
GilbertoPe ´ rezLechuga,InstitutodeCienciasBasicaseIngenieria-AAIA,UniversidadAuto ´ nomadelEstadodeHidalgo,Pachuca,Hidalgo,Me ´ xico
YuriyV.Litti,FederalResearchCentre“FundamentalsofBiotechnology”ofthe RussianAcademyofSciences,Moscow,Russia
IgorLitvinchev,NeuvoLeonStateUniversity(UANL),NeuvoLeon,Mexico;Faculty ofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering(FIME),NuevoLeonStateUniversity, Monterrey,NuevoLeon,Mexico
I.S.Litvinchev,FederalResearchCenter“ComputerScienceandControl”ofRussian AcademyofScience,Moscow,Russia
KarlaN.MadridFerna ´ ndez,InstitutodeCienciasBasicaseIngenieria-AAIA,UniversidadAuto ´ nomadelEstadodeHidalgo,Pachuca,Hidalgo,Me ´ xico
AlexanderMakarov,FederalScientificAgroengineeringCenterVIM,Moscow, Russia
MukhdeepSinghManshahia,DepartmentofMathematics,PunjabiUniversity, Patiala,Punjab,India
JoseAntonioMarmolejo-Saucedo,UniversidadPanamericana,FacultaddeIngenierı´a,MexicoCity,Mexico
I.A.Matveev,FederalResearchCenter“ComputerScienceandControl”ofRussian AcademyofScience,Moscow,Russia
P.Mohana,CentreforRemoteSensingandGeo-informatics,SathyabamaInstituteof ScienceandTechnology,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
EliasMunapo,BusinessStatisticsandOperationsResearchDepartment,Economic Sciences,FEMS,NWU,MafikengCampus;NorthWestUniversity,Mahikeng, SouthAfrica
JoaquinaNiembro-Garcı´a,UniversidadPanamericana,FacultaddeIngenierı´a, MexicoCity,Mexico
RomanRodrı´guez-Aguilar,FacultaddeCienciasEcono ´ micasyEmpresariales,UniversidadPanamericana,CiudaddeMe ´ xico,Me ´ xico
TatianaRomanova,DepartmentofMathematicalModellingandOptimalDesign, InstituteforMechanicalEngineeringProblemsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesofUkraine(IPMachNASA),Kharkiv,Ukraine;KharkivNationalUniversity ofRadioelectronics,Kharkiv,Ukraine
O.V.Senko,FederalResearchCenter“ComputerScienceandControl”ofRussian AcademyofScience,Moscow,Russia
SergiyShekhovtsov,KharkivNationalUniversityofRadioElectronics,Kharkiv, Ukraine;KharkivNationalUniversityofInternalAffairs,Kharkiv,Ukraine
A.Sivasangari,SchoolofComputing,SathyabamaInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
YuriiStoian,DepartmentofMathematicalModellingandOptimalDesign,Institutefor MechanicalEngineeringProblemsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesofUkraine (IPMachNASA),Kharkiv,Ukraine
R.Subhashini,SchoolofComputing,SathyabamaInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
J.JoshuaThomas,UOWMalaysiaKDUPenangUniversityCollege,GeorgeTown, PulauPinang,Malaysia
ErfanBabaeeTirkolaee,DepartmentofIndustrialEngineering,IstinyeUniversity, Istanbul,Turkey
PandianVasant,MERLINResearchCentre,TDTU,HoChiMinhCity,Vietnam; FacultyofScienceandInformationTechnology,UniversitiTeknologiPetronas, Teronoh,SeriIskandar,Malaysia
S.Vigneshwari,SchoolofComputing,SathyabamaInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
MaheshWagh,DepartmentofTechnology,ShivajiUniversity,Kolhapur,Maharashtra, India
Gerhard-WilhelmWeber,FacultyofEngineeringManagement,PoznanUniversityof Technology,Poznan,Poland;InstituteofAppliedMathematics,MiddleEast TechnicalUniversity,Ankara,Turkey
IgorYanchevskyi,NationalTechnicalUniversityofUkraine“IgorSikorskyKyiv PolytechnicInstitute”,DepartmentofDynamicsandStrengthofMachinesand StrengthofMaterials,Kiev,Ukraine
GeorgiyYaskov,DepartmentofMathematicalModellingandOptimalDesign,InstituteforMechanicalEngineeringProblemsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesof Ukraine(IPMachNASA),Kharkiv,Ukraine
L.YuYuferev,FGBNUFNATSVIM,Moscow,RussianFederation
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Abouttheeditors
PandianVasant isanEditor-in-ChiefofInternationalJournalofEnergy OptimizationandEngineering(IJEOE)andaResearchAssociateatMERLIN ResearchCentreofTonDucThangUniversity.HeholdsPhDinComputationalIntelligence(UNEM,CostaRica),MSc(UniversityMalaysiaSabah, Malaysia,EngineeringMathematics)andBSc(Hons,SecondClassUpper)in Mathematics(UniversityofMalaya,Malaysia).Hisresearchinterestsinclude softcomputing,hybridoptimization,innovativecomputing,andapplications. Hehasco-authoredresearcharticlesinjournals,conferenceproceedings, presentation,specialissuesguesteditor,bookchapters(300publications indexedinGoogleScholar),andGeneralChairoftheEAIInternational ConferenceonComputerScienceandEngineeringinPenang,Malaysia (2016),andBangkok,Thailand(2018).Intheyear2009and2015,Dr.Pandian Vasantwasawardedtopreviewerandoutstandingreviewerforthejournal AppliedSoftComputing (Elsevier),respectively.Hehas31yearsofworking experiencesatvariousuniversities.Currently,heisanEditor-in-Chiefof InternationalJournalofEnergyOptimizationandEngineering,aMemberof AMS(USA),NAVYResearchGroup(TUO,CzechRepublic),MERLIN ResearchCentre(TDTU,Vietnam),andaGeneralChairoftheInternational ConferenceonIntelligentComputingandOptimization(https://www.icico. info/).H-IndexGoogleScholar ¼ 34;i-10-index ¼ 144. http://www.igi-global.com/ijeoe
E-mail: pvasant@gmail.com
J.JoshuaThomas isanAssociateProfessorinComputerScienceatUOW MalaysiaKDUPenangUniversityCollege.HeobtainedhisPhD(Intelligent SystemsTechniques)in2015fromUniversitySainsMalaysia,Penang,and master’sdegreein1999fromMaduraiKamarajUniversity,India.Heservedas theheadanddeputyheadofdepartmentcomputingbetweentheyears2012 and2017.FromJulytoSeptember2005,heworkedasaresearchassistantat theArtificialIntelligenceLabinUniversitySainsMalaysia.FromMarch2008 toMarch2010,heworkedasaresearchassociateatthesameUniversity.His workinvolvesintelligentsystemstechniquesinwhichheadoptscomputationalalgorithmimplementationininterdisciplinefieldareas.Hisexpertiseis evidentinworkingwithinternationalcollaboratorsinpublications,visiting
xviii Abouttheeditors
researchfellowtoshareknowledge.Heworksindeeplearningspecially targetingongraphconvolutionalneuralnetworksandgraphrecurrentneural networks,hypergraphattentions,end-to-endsteeringlearningsystems,design algorithmsindrugdiscovery,andquantummachinelearning.Heisaprincipal investigatorandaco-investigatorinvariousgrantsfunding,includinginternal, national,andinternationallevels.Heisaneditorialboardmemberforthe InternationalJournalofEnergyOptimizationandEngineering ,abookauthor, andaguesteditorforAppliedSciences,Computations,MathematicsBiosciencesandEngineering,andComputerModelinginEngineeringandSciences.Hehasauthoredandeditedbooks.Hehaspublishedmorethan50 papersinleadinginternationalconferenceproceedingsandpeer-reviewed journals.HedeliveredInvited,Plenary,Keynotespeakerandworkshop presenterinIAIM2019,LCQAI2021,ICRITCC0 21,andIAIM2022.Heisa “VisitingResearchFellow”toSathyabamaInstituteofScienceand Technology.
Weblink: https://www.uowmkdu.edu.my/research/our-people/dr-joshuathomas/
Email: joshua.j.thomas@gmail.com
EliasMunapo hasaPhDobtainedin2010fromtheNationalUniversityof ScienceandTechnology(Zimbabwe)andisaProfessorofOperations ResearchattheNorthWestUniversity,MafikengCampusinSouthAfrica.He isaGuestEditorofthe AppliedSciences journalandhasco-publishedtwo books.Thefirstbookistitled SomeInnovationsinORMethodology: Linear Optimization andwaspublishedbyLambertAcademicpublishersin2018. Thesecondbookistitled LinearIntegerProgramming: Theory, Applications, andRecentDevelopments andwaspublishedbyDeGruyterpublishersin 2021.ProfessorMunapohasco-editedanumberofbooks,iscurrentlya reviewerofanumberofjournals,andhaspublishedover100journalarticles andbookchapters.Inaddition,ProfessorMunapoisarecipientoftheNorth WestUniversityInstitutionalResearchExcellenceawardandisamemberof theOperationsResearchSocietyofSouthAfrica(ORSSA),EURO,and IFORS.Hehaspresentedatbothlocalandinternationalconferencesandhas supervisedmorethan10doctoralstudentstocompletion.Hisresearchinterestsareinthebroadareaofoperationsresearch.
Weblink: http://commerce-nwu-ac-za.web.nwu.ac.za/business-statisticsand-operations-research/elias-munapo
Email: Elias.Munapo@nwu.ac.za
Gerhard-WilhelmWeber isaProfessoratPoznanUniversityofTechnology,Poznan,Poland,atFacultyofEngineeringManagement.Hisresearch isonOR,financialmathematics,optimizationandcontrol,neuroscienceand bioscience,datamining,education,anddevelopment;heisinvolvedinthe organizationofscientificlifeinternationally.HereceivedhisDiplomaand DoctorateinMathematicsandEconomics/BusinessAdministrationatRWTH AachenandhisHabilitationatTUDarmstadt.HeheldProfessorshipsby
proxyatUniversityofCologneandTUChemnitz,Germany.AtIAM,METU, Ankara,Turkey,hewasaProfessorintheprogramsofFinancialMathematics andScientificComputingandanAssistanttotheDirector,andhehasbeena memberoffurthergraduateschools,institutes,anddepartmentsofMETU. Furthermore,hehasaffiliationsattheuniversitiesofSiegen,Ballarat,Aveiro, NorthSumatra,andMalaysiaUniversityofTechnology;heisan“Advisorto EUROConferences”andan“IFORSFellow.”
Weblink: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gerhard_Wilhelm_Weber
Email: gerhard-wilhelm.weber@put.poznan.pl
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Preface
Weastheeditorssharethehopethatthisbookisbecomingoneofthesustainably impactfulhandbookandreferencebooksof2021and2022intheareasofclean environmentandindustries,agricultureandcityplanning,artificialintelligence andoperationalresearch,physicalsciences,andneural,cognitive,andmental processesofcreativity.Itaimstosucceedthemostrecentinvestigationsabout newandemergingelectricalandelectronicalpower,meansandusagessupported byit,renewableenergyandnaturalresources,elementsofphotovoltaic,solar, thermal,windorhydro-,geothermal,biofuelorhydrogenpower,electricaldevices,instrumentsorvehicles,andcorrespondingtopics.Forthiswork’sinternationalorientation,ithasbecomeacriticalresourcewhichvaluablysamples andherewithoutlinesadvancedachievementsmadeworldwideinassociated fieldsofartificialintelligence,operationalresearch,renewableenergy,electrotechnologies,countryorcityplanning,etc.Asaprojectthisbookwasaccepted bytheprestigiouspublishinghouseof Elsevier foritscomprehensiveanalyticaltheoretical,instrumental-methodological,andapplied-practicalcoveragewhich wehaveachievednowattheglobalstage.Thishandbookandcompendiumon investigationsaboutgreenenergyandissuesofpowersupplyandecologyfor urbanandruralregionsisathoughtfulscholarlyreferenceandresourcework whichanalyzesandsynthesizestheefficientuseofcontemporaryelectricaland renewableenergysourcesthathaveapositiveinfluenceonsustainabledevelopmentonallsideswithinourcountriesand,hence,onmitigatingmigration flowsintoourmegalopolisesandfinallytoabroad,onsocialpeaceinournations, andcollaborationandpeaceworldwide.
Thisoriginalbookwithitsfirsteditionon AdvancesofArtificialIntelligence inaGreenEnergyEnvironment reviewsnewesttechnologiesinintelligent computing,artificialintelligence(AI),andoperationalresearch(OR)whichare reducingthedimensionsofdatacoverageaswellasvariablesworldwide.This compendiumdiscussesalgorithmsofintelligentoptimizationandoptimalcontrolwhichcanbeappliedinnumerousbranchesofenergyengineeringwhere uncertaintyandevenstochasticityisamajorconcern.Includingmodernand emergingmethodologiesofAIandOR,andapplyingthemalongwithadvanced evolutionaryalgorithmstoreal-worldproblemsforstrategicalaswellas everyday-lifeapplications,thismonographelaboratesdistributedenergyand hybridrenewableenergysystemswhichemployAIandORmethodsandnew opportunitiesofblockchaintechnologyinsmartenergy.Bytherichdiversityof
thisbook’scontributions,thestate-of-the-arttrendsanddevelopmentsinfastmovingkeytechnologiesarecovered.Herewiththisreferenceworkwishes nowtobeusefulforstudentsandemergingscientistsofengineering,science, management,economics,socialsciences,andtheartsforscholarsandresearchersworkinginAI-andOR-applyingindustriesfordecision-makersand designersoftheworldoftomorrow.
ThisnovelcompendiumlooksatcreativetechniquesinAIandOR,including fieldsofdatascience(DC),deeplearning(DL),inverseproblems(IP),machine learning(ML),neuroscience(NS),andstatisticallearning(SL),aimingtointelligentlycondense,exploit,andreducethenumbersofdimensions,ofinputvariables,andofdatavolume.ItincludesAIandOR,optimizationandoptimalcontrol, heuristicandstochasticmethodologies,forinstance,bythehelpofenhanced hybridswarm-basedoptimizationalgorithms.Eventually,ourbookoffersillustrations,diagrams,orflowchartsforexemplifying,moredeeplyunderstanding, bettercoding,andimplementingofnewesttechniquesfrommodernmathematics.
Ournovelhandbookaddressesengineersandscientists,managersandeconomists,leadersandadministrators,advisorsandfacilitators,decision-makersand leaders,caretakersandvisionaries,policy-makersandcrisismanagers,academiciansandresearchers,studentsanduniversityofficers,crisismanagersand technicians,researchofficers,andpostgraduatesandundergraduates.
Thisstate-of-the-artworkincludesnewestadvancementsintheory,methods andefficientimplementationsofgreenenergyresources,renewableresources, hydro,wind,solar,geothermal,tidal,wave,biomass,biofuelandhydrogen power,inelectricalinstruments,devicesandvehicles,inAIandOR,DCandDL, IPandML,NSandSL,inintelligentandsoftcomputing,optimizationand optimalcontrol,mathematics,andtheirmodernapplications.
The17chaptersofthisinnovativefirsteditionon AdvancesofArtificialIntelligenceinaGreenEnergyEnvironment readasfollows:
InChapter1on“OptimizationofSomeWaystoIntensifytheProcessof AnaerobicBioconversionofOrganicMatter,” A.A. Kovalev, D.A. Kovalev, V.S. Grigoriev,and A. Makarov statethatforintensificationofanaerobicbioconversionofvolatilesolids,methodscanbeconditionallydividedanddescribea numberofmethodsforenhancingefficiencyofanaerobicbioconversionof organicwaste.Theydevelopanenergymodeloftheanaerobicbioconversion systemoforganicwastefortheelectricityproduction.Theirproposedenergy modelisusedtoassesstheenergyefficiencyofvariousefficiencymethods.
InChapter2on“DisastersImpactAssessmentBasedonSocio-economic Approach,” I. Grebennik, Y. Hubarenko, M. Hubarenko,and S. Shekhovtsov surveynaturalandfabricateddisasterdynamics,showingthescopeoflossesand illustratingthenecessityofintroducingmeasurestoreducethem.Italsoincludes adetailedoverviewofbiologicalandradiationhazardsandprovidesevidenceto treatallergicreactionsashazards.Theyanalyzewaysofreducingrisksand improvingtheprecisionofdisasterprognosisanddevelopauniversalcomplex assessment.Theirmodelcombinessocial,economic,andecologicalfactors. xxii Preface
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InChapter3on“UninterruptiblePowerSupplySystemoftheConsumer, ReducingPeakNetworkLoads,” V.A. Gusarov, L.Yu. Yuferev,and O.F. Gusarova studyoncentralizedpowersupplyforlargecitiesandsmallsettlementsasa complexengineeringstructure.Thesestructureshaveasinglestructuraldiagram ofelectricalequipment.Therearetwomajorcostindicators:theoneofcapital costsandtheoneofelectricitygenerated.Theauthorsdescribethedeveloped systemofpowerequipmentwhichallowsreducing,oravoiding,peakloadson thegeneratingequipmentofthenetworks.Efficiencyisachievedthrough uninterruptiblepowersupplyunits.
InChapter4on“OptimizationoftheAnaerobicConversionofGreen BiomassintoVolatileFattyAcidsforFurtherProductionofHigh-CalorieLiquid Fuel,” M.A. Gladchenko and S.N. Gaydamaka studythepossibilityofincreasing theconcentrationofsolubleorganicsubstancesandreducingsugarsduetothe pretreatmentofgreenbiomass.Enhancementoftheacidogenicbiocatalystby Clostridiumacetobutylicum madeitpossibletoincreasetheyieldoftarget products.Intheprocessofstrawconversion,themaximumyieldamongthe studiedsubstrateswasobtained.Glycerinincreasestheyieldofbutanoicand ethanicacidsduringtheconversionofpretreatedbiomass.
InChapter5on“Life-CycleCostandLifeCycleAssessment AnApproximationtoUnderstandtheRealImpactsoftheElectricitySupplyIndustry,” J. Niembro-Garcı´a, P. Alfaro,and J.A. Marmolejo-Saucedo statethattherealcost thatconsumersshouldpayforelectricalenergycouldbeestimatedusingalife cycleapproach(LCT).Lifecyclecost(LCC)isanewthoughtformonwhich toolssuchasLCAandLCCarebased.Itconsidersjointlytheanalysisofallthe costsandtheenvironmentalrepercussions.Thecostsofaproductthroughoutits lifecyclecaneasilybemadevisible.Theauthorsusedifferentapproachesto calculatesupplyanddemandandshowperspectives.
InChapter6on“ComparisonofOpenAccessMulti-ObjectiveOptimization SoftwareToolsforStandaloneHybridRenewableEnergySystems,” M. Wagh, P. Acharya,and V. Kulkarni statethatrenewableenergysystems,usedalongwith someconventionalresourcesorwithotherrenewableenergysources,give maximumbenefit,reliability,andlowercostthanasinglerenewableenergy system.Optimizationisrequiredforloweringthetwomainparameterswhichare thetotallevelizedcostofenergyandthenetpresentvalueofsystem.Acomparisonofopenaccesssoftwaretoolshasbeencarriedout.
InChapter7on“OptimizationofBiogasPlantOperationThroughtheUseof VortexLayerApparatus,” A A Kovalev, D A Kovalev, Y V Litti, I V Katraeva, and V.S. Grigoriev optimizetheprocessingofliquidorganicwasteofproduction andconsumptionbyanaerobicbioconversioninbiogasplantsthroughtheuseof anelectromagneticmill.Maincharacteristicsoftheprocess,methodsofintensifying,andtheoperationofanelectromagneticmillaregiven.Theauthors describemethodsforincreasingtheefficiencyofanaerobicconversionof organicwasteduetoadditionalprocessingofwasteinavortexlayerapparatus.
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InChapter8on“SearchofRegularitiesinData: Optimality, Validity, Interpretability,” O.V. Senko, A.V. Kuznetsova, I.A. Matveev,and I.S. Litvonchev discussamethodforverifyingregressionmodelsbasedontheOccam’srazor principle.Avariantoftheprincipleisusedtomakechoicebetweensimpleand complexregressionmodels.Randomizedpermutationtestisusedtotestnull hypothesisthatthesimplemodelissufficienttodescribearelationshipinthe data.TheauthorsdiscusssuccessfulapplicationsoftheOccam’srazorprinciple fortheverificationofpiecewiselinearregressionmodelsandmodelsbasedon optimalpartitions.
InChapter9on“ArtificialIntelligenceTechniquesforModelingofWind EnergyHarvestingSystems: AComparativeAnalysis,” T.M. Dinku and M. Singh Manshahia presentacomparativeanalysisofdifferentmaximumpowerpoint tracking(MPPT)controltechniquessuchasPI,FLC,MLFFNN,RBFNN,and ANFISformedium-sizedvariablespeedwindenergyharvestingsystem.MPPT algorithmsareanalyzedandcompared.ComparativeanalysisshowsthatANFIS controllergivesbetterefficiencyespeciallyincomparisonwithPIandFLC undervariablewindspeed.
InChapter10on“HumanParadigmandReliabilityforAggregateProductionPlanningUnderUncertainty,” S Gu¨tmen, G W Weber, A Goli,and E BabaeeTirkolaee recallthataggregateproductionplanning(APP)withina supplychainisoneofthemainactivitiesingeneralplanningoflargeandleading companies.Theysurveytheimportanceofthreemainfactors:(1)human paradigm,(2)reliability,and(3)uncertaintyintheAPP.Todoso,thesefactors areinvestigatedandthemostsignificantchallengesarediscussedaccordingly. Finally,thesurveyisconcludedthroughdiscussingthemainchallenges,limitations,andrecommendationsforfutureresearch.
InChapter11on“ArtificialIntelligencebasedIntelligentAnalysisin DisasterManagement,” R Subhashini, J J Thomas, A Sivasangari, P Mohana, S. Vigneshwari,and P. Asha userecentadvancedAIandgeographicalinformationsystem(GIS)todemarcatethelandslidesusceptibilityzones.Hillyzones ofSirumalaiaretakenasastudyarea.IRSP6Satelliteimageryisemployedto preparethelayers.IntegratingwiththeadvancedAI,themultilayerfeedforwardedCNNalgorithmhasbeenapplied.Performancemeasuresareevaluated forCNNandcomparedwithRNNnetworks.TheproposedclassificationoutperformsinCNNarchitectureandprovidesbetterresults.
InChapter12on“OptimizingtheDailyUseofLimitedSolarPanelsin CloselyLocatedRuralSchoolsinZimbabwe,” EliasMunapo presentsandoptimizesthedailyuseoflimitedsolarpanelsincloselylocatedruralschoolsin Zimbabwe,mostofthemwithnoelectricity.Somedonoragencieshavedonated solarpanels.Solarpanelsarenotenoughforalltheruralschools.Electrical powerisnecessaryforcomputersandthescienceexperiments.Itisvery necessarytomovethelimitedsolarpanelsfromoneschooltothenextschoolso thatallruralschoolscanusethesolarpanelsandthetotaldistancetraveledis minimal.Thischallengeissolvedasatravelingsalesmanproblem.
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InChapter13on“ReviewonRecentImplementationsofMulti-objective and Multi-levelOptimizationinSustainableEnergyEconomics,” T. Ganesan, I. Litvinchev, J.A. Marmolejo-Saucedo, J. Thomas, andP. Vasant statethatrapid progressinthesustainableenergyindustryconcentratesonfocusareasinthe globalenergyecosystem.Thishasgeneratedavenuesfortheimplementationof mathematicaloptimizationandORmethodologies.Theauthorsprovidea concisereviewonrecentimplementationsofMOandmultileveloptimizationon sustainableenergyeconomicsystems,featuringeconomicload/emission dispatch,bioenergysupplychains,andsustainablecapacityplanning.
InChapter14on“HybridOptimizationandArtificialIntelligenceAppliedto EnergySystems: AReview,” G. Pe´rezLechuga, K.N. MadridFerna´ndez, andU. Fiore exploreandgroupintorepresentativeclustersthemainapplicationareas relatedtoenergysystemsandthequantitativeapproachesusedforthemin design,creation,andscalingofemergingprototypes.Theypresentsomemain methodsandresultsobtainedintheartofmodelingandoptimizationofenergy systemswithemphasisonhybridoptimizationandAI.Theydiscussdifferences betweendeterministicandstochasticAIandsurveynewbenefitsinnonpolluting energysystems.
InChapter15on“ABriefLiteratureReviewofQuantitativeModelsfor SustainableSupplyChainManagement,” P. Flores-Siguenza, Naucalpande Jua´rez, J.A. Marmolejo-Saucedo,and R. Rodrı´guez-Aguilar review80articlesin peer-reviewedjournalsandapplya4Wsanalysis.Threedimensionsarecategorized:supplychainmanagement,modeling,andsustainability.Amongthe resultstheyevidencedacontinuousgrowthinproductionofthesearticles,witha predominanceofdeterministicmathematicalprogrammingmodelsfroman environmentaleconomicperspective,whileidentifyingresearchgaps,highlightingthelackoflifecycleanalysisinthedesignofsupplychainnetworks.
InChapter16on“OptimizedDesigningSphericalVoidStructuresin3D Domains,” T. Romanova, G. Yaskov, I. Litvinchev, I. Yanchevsky, Y. Stoian,and P. Vasant optimizelayoutofvariablesizedspheresinadisconnectedpolyhedral domain,motivatedbymanufacturing.Thespheresmustbearrangedinthe container.Theobjectiveistofindcoordinatesofthecentersandradiiofthe spheresmaximizingthetotalvolumeofthespheresfortwocases:withand withoutbalancingconditions.Twononlinearprogrammingmodelsareprovided, andcorrespondingnonlinearoptimizationproblemsareformulatedandsolved. Numericalresultsarepresentedtoillustratethemainconstructions.
InChapter17on“ApplicationofNatured-InspiredOptimizationinReservoir StoragePrediction: ACaseStudy,” P. Vasant, A. Banik, J. J. Thomas, J.A. Marmolejo-Saucedo, T Ganesan, E Munapo, andM SinghManshahia establishacontrolsystemforfillingandpromotingthepenetrationofupcoming plug-inhybridpowervehicles(PHEVs)onhighways.Intelligentenergymanagementneedsstatisticalmodelsviaoptimizationstrategywithcomputer intelligence.State-of-chargeofPHEVsisoptimizedusingparticleswarm optimization(PSO),gravitationalsearchalgorithm(GSA),acceleratedparticle
