ADVANCES IN AEROGEL COMPOSITES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION
Edited by
AFTAB ASLAM PARWAZ KHAN
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, and Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
MOHAMMAD OMAISH ANSARI
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
ANISH KHAN
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, and Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
ABDULLAH M. ASIRI
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, and Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Shahnawaze Ansari, Anish Khan, Raviraj M. Kulkarni, and Vijaykumar S. Bhamare
4.5.
3. Biomedical applications
Varish Ahmad, Abrar Ahmad, Shah Alam Khan, Aftab Ahmad, Mohammed F. Abuzinadah, Shahid Karim, and Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
2.6.
3.
3.6.
3.7.
3.8.
3.9.
4.
4.
Jamal Akhter Siddique, Shahid Pervez Ansari, and Madhu Yadav 1.
5.
3.
2.2.
3.4.
Shahid Pervez Ansari, Ahmad Husain, Mohd Urooj Shariq, and Mohammad Omaish Ansari
1.
3.1.
5.
6. Aerogels
Jamiu O. Eniola, Mohammad Omaish Ansari, M.A. Barakat, and Rajeev Kumar
3.3.
4. Properties of high-quality aerogel photocatalyst
5. The effect of various parameters on photocatalysis
5.1. The effect of solution pH
5.2. Concentration and nature of pollutants
5.3. Effect of dopant
6. Conclusions and future prospects
7. Aerogels for waterborne pollutants purification
Abdul Moheman, Showkat Ahmad Bhawani, and Abu Tariq
1.
2.
of aerogels in waterborne pollutants
8. Aerogel and its composites for sensing, adsorption, and photocatalysis
Akbar Mohammad, Mohammad Ehtisham Khan, Ahmed Abutaleb, Wahid Ali, Mohd. Tauqeer, Taeho Yoon, and Moo Hwan Cho
1. Brief historical background and definition of aerogels
2. Aerogels and related materials
3. Water pollutions and remediation
4. Role of aerogels and its composites
9. Metal and metal oxides aerogels in purification systems
Mohammad Ehtisham Khan, Jeenat Aslam, Akbar Mohammad, Ruby Aslam, and Waleed Hassan Alhazmi
1. Overview of metal and metal oxides aerogels
2. Aerogels: classification and basics properties
3. Basic properties of metal and oxide-based aerogels
3.1. Porosity, hardness, and functionalization in aerogels
4. Fabrication of metal and metal oxides as an aerogel
5. Synthesis methods of aerogels
5.1. Brief elaboration
5.2.
5.3.
6. Role of metals, metal-oxides aerogels in
6.1. Advances of aerogels in
6.2.
6.3.
10.
Vijaykumar S. Bhamare, Raviraj M. Kulkarni, and Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
3. Adsorptive
3.1.
3.2.
3.3. Removal
3.4.
3.5.
11.
Mohammad Oves, Mohd Ahmar Rauf, Mohinuddin Khan Warsi, Fohad Mabood Husain, Mohammad Omaish Ansari, and Iqbal M.I. Ismail 1.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
12.
Baljeet Singh and Mahak Dhiman 1.
2.1. Synthesis of activated
2.2. Synthesis of graphene aerogel
2.3. Synthesis of carbon nanotube aerogel
2.4. Synthesis of carbon fiber aerogel
2.5. Synthesis of nanocellulose aerogel
3. Application of carbon aerogels
3.1. Carbon aerogels for CO2 capture
3.2. Carbon aerogels for VOC removal
3.3. Carbon aerogels for oil recovery
3.4.
13. Aerogels in the environment
Asim Jilani, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Mohsin Raza Dustgeer, Ammar A. Melaibari, Imran Ullah Khan, and Ghani Ur Rehman
1. Introduction
2.
2.1.
2.2.
3.
14. Carbon-based conducting polymers aerogels and their sensing behavior
Mohammad Shahadat, Asha Embrandiri, Parveen Fatemeh Rupani, Rohana Adnan, T.R. Sreekrishnan, S. Wazed Ali, and Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad
1.
1.1.
15. Heavy metals scavenging using multidentate/multifunctional aerogels and their composites
Mohammad Shahadat, Ajaz Ahmad Wani, Yahiya Kadaf Manea, Rohana Adnan, Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad, and S. Wazed Ali
1. Introduction
1.2. Sol-gel process
1.3. Resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) carbon aerogel
1.5. Comparative study of different drying techniques
2. Beneficent properties of aerogels/aerogel composites for
3. Functionalization and their relation with
4.
5.
16. Applications of nanocarbon-based aerogels in purifying
Subia Ambreen, A. Dhivylakshmi, B. Shuruti, T. Dhivya, and Mohammad Danish
1.
3.
2.3.
3.1.
3.2.
4.
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
Pankaj Bharmoria and Sónia P.M. Ventura
18. Bio-based aerogels and their environment applications: an overview 347
Fohad Mabood Husain, Altaf Khan, Rais Ahmad Khan, Jamal Akhter Siddique, Mohammad Oves, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, Mohammad Omaish Ansari, and Hurija Dzudzevic Cancar
1. Introduction
2. Bio-based aerogels
2.1. Polysaccharide-based
3.
4.
19. Aerogel applications and future aspects
Naved Azum, Malik Abdul Rub, Anish Khan, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, and Abdullah M. Asiri
1.
Contributors
Ahmed Abutaleb
Department of Chemical Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed F. Abuzinadah
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Rohana Adnan
School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
Shaikh Ziauddin Ahammad
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology
IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
Abrar Ahmad
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Aftab Ahmad
Health Information Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Varish Ahmad
Health Information Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Waleed Hassan Alhazmi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
S. Wazed Ali
Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
Wahid Ali
Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Subia Ambreen
Rajkiya Engineering College, Bijnore, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mohammad Omaish Ansari
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Shahnawaze Ansari
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Shahid Pervez Ansari
Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abdullah M. Asiri
Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Jeenat Aslam
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbu, Taibah University, Al-Madina, Saudi Arabia
Ruby Aslam
Corrosion Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Naved Azum
Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
M.A. Barakat
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Central Metallurgical R & D Institute, Cairo, Egypt
Vijaykumar S. Bhamare
Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Pankaj Bharmoria
Chemistry Department, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Showkat Ahmad Bhawani
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia
Sarawak, Kota Samarahn, Sarawak, Malaysia
Hurija Dzudzevic Cancar
Department of Natural Sciences in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina
Moo Hwan Cho
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
Mohammad Danish
Department of Chemistry, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
Mahak Dhiman
Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
T. Dhivya
Department of Chemistry, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
A. Dhivylakshmi
Department of Chemistry, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
Mohsin Raza Dustgeer
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Asha Embrandiri
Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
Jamiu O. Eniola
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Husain
Department of Applied Chemistry, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Fohad Mabood Husain
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Iqbal M.I. Ismail
Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Asim Jilani
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Shahid Karim
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Altaf Khan
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Anish Khan
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Imran Ullah Khan
Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochshule, Institute of Applied Sciences &Technology, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Rais Ahmad Khan
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Shah Alam Khan
College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
Raviraj M. Kulkarni
Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Rajeev Kumar
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Sandeep R. Kurundawade
Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, India
Ramesh S. Malladi
Department of Chemistry, BLDEA’s V. P. Dr. P. G. Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology,Vijaypur, Karnataka, India
Yahiya Kadaf Manea
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ammar A. Melaibari
Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Akbar Mohammad
School of Chemical Engineering,Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
Abdul Moheman
Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Faiz-e-Aam College (Affiliated to M. J. P. Rohilkhand University), Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Mohammad Oves
Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mohd Ahmar Rauf
Use-Inspired Biomaterials & Integrated Nano Delivery (U-BiND) Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
Ghani Ur Rehman
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Malik Abdul Rub
Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Parveen Fatemeh Rupani
Department of New Energy, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Shahadat
School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
Mohd Urooj Shariq
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
B. Shuruti
Department of Chemistry, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
Jamal Akhter Siddique
Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana, India
Baljeet Singh
CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Averio, Portugal
T.R. Sreekrishnan
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
Abu Tariq
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mohd. Tauqeer
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Sónia P.M. Ventura
Chemistry Department, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Ajaz Ahmad Wani
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mohinuddin Khan Warsi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Madhu Yadav
Bio-organic Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Government Girls Inter College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Taeho Yoon
School of Chemical Engineering,Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
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Preface
Due to the burning of fossil fuels and industrial wastes, the pollution of the ecosystem is increasing day-by-day. Thus, there is an immediate urge to educate the young masses and professionals toward the newer materials capable of environmental remediation as well as various advanced environmental remediation technologies. Aerogels, the light yet mechanically strong material has the potential of being among the pioneer materials for the above-mentioned field due to wide possibility such as large surface area, ease of functionality, fabrication from natural and synthetic materials, etc. In spite of these qualities, the aerogels have yet to gain attention and wide popularity, and this is the reason for this book.
Advances in aerogel composites for environmental remediation provides a detailed innovation in the field of fabrication of different types of aerogels such as traditional silica based aerogels, polymeric aerogels, carbon aerogels, and composites aerogels.The wide contrast in properties of the aerogels in contrast to the traditional materials is the main factor, which makes it an exciting material for usage in newer and advanced technologies. Being light weight, ease of functionality and fabrication as composites makes it highly suitable material for different environmental remediation technologies such as adsorptive removal of pollutants, vapor sensing of volatile organic compounds, microbial and photocatalytic disinfection under natural and artificial systems, etc.
This book provides a wide-range exploration on the ongoing research and developments in the environmental remediation technologies using aerogel and its composites written by from eminent writers of their field. The work discusses fabrication of various aerogel composites along with their design and applications toward different environmental remediation technologies. It will make a noteworthy appeal to scientists and researchers working in the field of diverse aerogels for environmental sciences.
Advances in aerogel composites for environmental remediation consists of 19 chapters. Chapter 1 deals with the basics of aerogels and their fabrication techniques. Rest of the chapters deals with different types of aerogels and its composites, that is, natural aerogels, carbon materials based aerogels, metal and metal oxide aerogels, conducting polymers based aerogels, bio material based aerogels, and further their application in environmental remediation fields such as gas sensing, heavy metal removal, absorptive removal of pollutants, microbial disinfection, biomedical application, etc.
Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
Mohammad Omaish Ansari
Anish Khan
Abdullah M. Asiri
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