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ZIMMERMAN’S

PEDIATRIC FUHRMAN &

CRITICAL CARE

PEDIATRIC FUHRMAN & ZIMMERMAN’S

CRITICAL CARE

JERRY J. ZIMMERMAN, MD, PhD, FCCM

Faculty, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington

Robert S.B. Clark, MD

Professor and Vice Chair, Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Associate Director, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Bradley P. Fuhrman, MD, FAAP, MCCM

Professor of Pediatrics in Medical Education, Clinical Educator and Gold College Mentor, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University HSC El Paso, El Paso, Texas

ALEXANDRE T. ROTTA, MD, FCCM

Division Chief, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Duke Children’s Hospital; Professor of Pediatrics; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina

Sapna Ravi Kudchadkar, MD, PhD, FCCM

Associate Professor, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Pediatrics, and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children’s Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

Monica Relvas, MD, FAAP, FCCM, MSHA

Medical Director, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Covenant Children’s Hospital, Associate Clinical Professor, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas

Joseph D. Tobias, MD

Chair, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital; Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Elsevier

1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.

Ste 1600 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899

FUHRMAN AND ZIMMERMAN’S PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE, SIXTH EDITION

Copyright © 2022 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-0-323-67269-6

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.

This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notice

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.

Previous editions copyrighted 2017, 2011, 2006, 1998, 1992 by Elsevier, Inc.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2020930336

Content Strategist: Michael Houston

Senior Content Development Specialist: Jennifer Ehlers

Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson

Senior Project Manager/Specialist: Carrie Stetz

Design Direction: Patrick Ferguson

Contributors

Isaac Josh Abecassis, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle, Washington

Jayani Abeysekera, MD, FRCP

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Cardiology

Dalhousie University/IWK Health Centre Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

P. David Adelson, MD, FAAP, FACS, FAANS

Diane and Bruce Halle Chair of Children’s Neurosciences Director, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital

Professor, Department of Child Health University of Arizona College of Medicine; Professor, Department of Neurosurgery

Mayo Clinic Phoenix, Arizona

Rachel S. Agbeko, FRCPCH, PhD

Consultant

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit

Great North Children’s Hospital

Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Michael S.D. Agus, MD

Chief of Medical Critical Care

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Medical Critical Care

Boston Children’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts

Mubbasheer Ahmed, MD

Cardiac Intensive Care Unit

Texas Medical Center

Texas Children’s Hospital Houston, Texas

Alireza Akhondi-Asl, PhD

Departments of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain

Medicine

Division of Critical Care

Boston Children’s Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts

Ben D. Albert, MD

Program Director, Critical Care Medicine Fellowship

Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine

Boston Children’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts

Alicia Alcamo, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Critical Care and Pediatrics

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Matthew N. Alder, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor Critical Care Medicine

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio

Omar Alibrahim, MD, FAAP

Chief, Pediatric Critical Care Division

John R. Oishei Children’s Hospital

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Jacob’s School of Medicine University of Buffalo Buffalo, New York

Veerajalandhar Allareddy, MBBS, MBA

Section Chief, Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care

Duke University Medical Center Professor of Pediatrics

Duke University School of Medicine Durham, North Carolina

Melvin C. Almodovar, MD

The George E. Batchelor Chair in Pediatric Cardiology Chief, Pediatric Cardiology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Director, Children’s Heart Center Director, Cardiac Intensive Care

Hotz Children’s Hospital, Jackson Health System Miami, Florida

Alexandra Aminoff, MD

Acting Assistant Professor Department of Pediatric Rheumatology

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Catherine Amlie-Lefond, MD

Professor

Department of Neurology

University of Washington

Seattle, Washington

Rajesh Aneja, MD

Clinical Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Medical Director, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC; Professor

Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Abigail Apple, ARNP

Pediatric Critical Care

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Andrew C. Argent, MD

Professor

School of Child and Adolescent Health University of Cape Town;

Medical Director

Paediatric Intensive Care

Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital Cape Town, South Africa

Joan C. Arvedson, PhD

Program Coordinator, Feeding & Swallowing Services

Speech Pathology and Audiology

Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin; Clinical Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin

François Aspesberro, MD

Pediatric Cardiothoracic ICU

Miller Children’s & Women’s Hospital Long Beach Long Beach, California

Nir Atlas, MD

Clinical Fellow

Division of Pediatric Critical Care

Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta–Egleston Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia

John E. Baatz, PhD

Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Medical University of South Carolina

Charleston, South Carolina

Harris P. Baden, MD

Professor and Chief

Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care

University of Washington

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Adnan M. Bakar, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Section Head, Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care

Cohen Children’s Medical Center of Hofstra/Northwell New Hyde Park, New York

Katherine Banker, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Piers C.A. Barker, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Obstetrics/Gynecology

Department of Pediatrics

Duke University School of Medicine

Durham, North Carolina

Lee M. Bass, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago

Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Chicago, Illinois

Rajit K. Basu, MD, MS, FCCM

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Emory School of Medicine; Research Director

Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta, Georgia

Hülya Bayir, MD

Safar Center for Resuscitation Research Department of Critical Care Medicine

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Lance B. Becker, MD

Chair, Emergency Medicine

Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Hempstead, New York

Jamie L. Bell, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Department of Pediatrics

Children’s Hospital of Michigan

Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit, Michigan

Michael J. Bell, MD

Chief, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Department of Pediatrics

Children’s National Medical Center

Washington, DC

Melania M. Bembea, MD, MPH, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

M.A. Bender, MD, PhD

Director, Sickle Cell and Hemoglobinopathy Program

Odessa Brown Children’s Clinic; Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle, Washington

Alexis L. Benscoter, DO

Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Department of Cardiac Critical Care Medicine Division of Cardiology

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio

Wade W. Benton, PharmD

Chief Development Officer

Eicos Sciences, Inc.

San Mateo, California

Robert A. Berg, MD Professor

Departments of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics

University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Division Chief, Critical Care Medicine

Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Emily Berkman, MD

Assistant Professor

Departments of Pediatrics and Bioethics and Humanities University of Washington School of Medicine; Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of Pediatric Bioethics

Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Carol Berkowitz, MD

Chief, Division of General Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance, California; Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles, California

Katherine V. Biagas, MD

Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics

Vice Chairman for Faculty Development

Stony Brook Children’s and the Renaissance School of Medicine

Stony Brook, New York

Naomi B. Bishop, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York

Julie Blatt, MD

Professor

Pediatric Hematology Oncology

University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Lauren Bodilly, MD

Critical Care Fellow

Department of Pediatric Critical Care

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Cincinnati, Ohio

Robert H. Bonow, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington Seattle, Washington

E. Alexis Bragg, MD

Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics

Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine

Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Keck School of Medicine–University of Southern California Los Angeles, California

Barbara W. Brandom, MD

Retired Professor

Department of Anesthesiology

University of Pittsburgh; Retired Director North American MH Registry of MHAUS Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Richard J. Brilli, MD

Chief Medical Officer

Hospital Administration Nationwide Children’s Hospital; Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Critical Care Medicine

The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, Ohio

Thomas V. Brogan, MD

Professor

Department of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington

Ronald A. Bronicki, MD, FCCM, FACC

Professor

Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiology Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas

Samuel R. Browd, MD, PhD, FAANS, FAAP

Professor

Department of Neurological Surgery

Seattle Children’s Hospital University of Washington Seattle, Washington

Timothy E. Bunchman, MD

Professor and Director, Pediatric Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Richmond

Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond, Virginia

Jeffrey P. Burns, MD, MPH

Chief and Endowed Shapiro Chair of Critical Care Medicine

Chair, Governance Committee of the Intensive Care Units

Boston Children’s Hospital Professor of Anesthesia

Harvard Medical School

Boston, Massachusetts

David F. Butler, MD

Fellow

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Critical Care

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Derya Caglar, MD

Fellowship Director, Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Associate Professor, Pediatrics

University of Washington School of Medicine

Attending Physician

Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Michael W. Camitta, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Department of Pediatrics

Duke University School of Medicine Durham, North Carolina

M. Jay Campbell, MD, MHA

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Department of Pediatrics

Duke University School of Medicine Durham, North Carolina

Sally Campbell, MBBS(Hons), FRACP, FRCPA

Paediatric Haematologist

Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia

Karel D. Capek, MD

Fellow

Acute Burn, Critical Care, and Reconstruction

Shriners Hospitals for Children

Galveston and the University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Texas

Michael P. Carboni, MD

Medical Director, Pediatric Heart Failure & Transplant Department of Pediatrics

Duke Children’s Hospital Durham, North Carolina

Joseph A. Carcillo, MD

Professor of Critical Care Medicine and Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Antonio Cassara, MBChB

Associate Professor

Department of Anesthesia

Ruby Memorial Hospital Morgantown, West Virginia

Nina Censoplano, MD

Attending physician

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

INOVA Fairfax Medical Center Falls Church, Virginia

Victoria Chadwick, PharmD, BCCCP

Critical Care Pharmacist

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Reid C. Chamberlain, MD

Pediatric Cardiology Fellow Department of Pediatrics

Duke University Hospital Durham, North Carolina

Anny Chan, PharmD

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Clinical Pharmacist

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

John R. Charpie, MD, PhD

Amnon Rosenthal Professor & Director of Pediatric Cardiology University of Michigan Medical School

Co-Director, University of Michigan Congenital Heart Center

C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital

Michigan Medicine

Ann Arbor, Michigan

Ira M. Cheifetz, MD Professor

Departments of Pediatrics and Anesthesiology

Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina

Saurabh Chiwane, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Saint Louis University St. Louis, Missouri

Robert H. Chun, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology

Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Jeff Clark, MD Staff Intensivist

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Vice Chair of Pediatrics

Ascension St. John Children’s Hospital Detroit, Michigan

Jonna D. Clark, MD

Associate Professor

Departments of Pediatrics and Critical Care Medicine University of Washington; Faculty

Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Robert S.B. Clark, MD

Professor and Vice Chair

Critical Care Medicine

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Associate Director, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

April Clawson, MD Fellow

Pediatric Emergency Medicine University of Arkansas Medical Center Little Rock, Arkansas

Jason A. Clayton, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics

Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital Cleveland, Ohio

Thomas Conlon, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Carol Conrad, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Stanford University Palo Alto, California

Edward E. Conway Jr, MD, MS

Chairman and Pediatrician-in-Chief

Milton and Bernice Stern Department of Pediatrics

Beth Israel Medical Center; Professor of Pediatrics

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York

Craig M. Coopersmith, MD

Professor Department of Surgery Emory University Atlanta, Georgia

Seth J. Corey, MD, MPH Professor

Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio

Mary K. Dahmer, PhD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical Care University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan

Heidi J. Dalton, MD, MCCM, FELSO

Director of ECMO Program Development and Research INOVA Fairfax Medical Center Falls Church, Virginia; Professor of Pediatrics Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia; Professor of Clinical Surgery George Washington University Washington, DC

Rahul C. Damania, MD, FAAP

Clinical Fellow

Division of Pediatric Critical Care Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta–Egleston Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia

Mihaela A. Damian, MD, MPH Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Stanford University Palo Alto, California

Lauren Dartois, PharmD Critical Care Clinical Pharmacist Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Peter J. Davis, MD, FAAP Professor

Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Anesthesiologist-in-Chief Department of Anesthesiology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Leslie A. Dervan, MD

Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics

Seattle Children’s Hospital

University of Washington School of Medicine

Seattle, Washington

Clifford S. Deutschman, MS, MD, MCCM

Vice Chair, Research

Department of Pediatrics

Professor of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine

Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Hempstead, New York; Cohen Children’s Medical Center

New York, New York;

Professor, Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine

Professor, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research

Manhasset, New York; Emeritus Professor of Anesthesiology & Critical Care and Surgery

Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Cameron Dezfulian, MD, FAHA

Director, Adult Congenital Heart Disease ICU

Critical Care Medicine Section

Texas Children’s Hospital; Senior Faculty

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas

André A.S. Dick, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Surgery

ASTS Transplant Fellowship Director

Surgical Director, Pediatric Kidney Transplant Department of Surgery Division of Transplantation

Seattle Children’s Hospital

University of Washington School of Medicine

Seattle, Washington

Douglas S. Diekema, MD, MPH Professor

Department of Pediatrics

University of Washington; Director of Education

Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics

Seattle Children’s Research Institute Seattle, Washington

Michael Dingeldein, MD

Trauma Medical Director

Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital

Assistant Professor of Surgery

Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio

Allan Doctor, MD

Professor of Pediatrics (Critical Care)

Director, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

John J. Downes, MD

Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, and Pediatrics

University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Chair Emeritus of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Christine Duncan, MD

Associate Clinical Director of Pediatric HSCT

Senior Physician

Dana Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center;

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts

Christopher M. Edwards, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Anesthesiology

University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, Florida

Lauren R. Edwards, MD

Assistant Professor

Pediatric Critical Care

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Little Rock, Arkansas

Chinyere Egbuta, MD

Instructor

Department of Anesthesia

Harvard Medical School; Associate Professor

Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine

Boston Children’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts

Howard Eigen, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Retired Department of Pediatrics

Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana

Hannah Laure Elfassy, MD, FRCP(c) Chief

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Sacré Coeur Hospital Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Alison M. Ellis, MD, MBA

Assistant Professor Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Charleston, South Carolina

Idris V.R. Evans, MD Assistant Professor Department of Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Reid W.D. Farris, MD Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical Care Medicine University of Washington Seattle, Washington

Jeffrey R. Fineman, MD Professor Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California

Ericka L. Fink, MD

Associate Professor of Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC; Associate Director Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Frank A. Fish, MD Professor Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt Medical Center Nashville, Tennessee

Tamara N. Fitzgerald, MD, PhD Assistant Professor Department of Surgery Duke University Durham, North Carolina

Gregory A. Fleming, MD, MSCI, FSCAI Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Duke University Durham, North Carolina

Saul Flores, MD Assistant Professor Pediatrics/Critical Care Baylor College of Medicine; Attending Physician Texas Children’s Hospital Houston, Texas

Joseph T. Flynn, MD Chief, Division of Nephrology Department of Pediatrics Seattle Children’s Hospital; Professor Department of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington

Michael L. Forbes, MD, FCCM Professor and Associate Chair Department of Pediatrics Northeast Ohio Medical University; Director, Critical Care Research & Outcomes Analysis Akron Children’s Hospital Akron, Ohio

Joseph M. Forbess, MD Department of Surgery Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois

Deborah E. Franzon, MD Clinical Professor Department of Pediatric Medicine Division of Critical Care Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California

W. Joshua Frazier, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Critical Care Medicine Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus, Ohio

Bradley P. Fuhrman, MD, FAAP, MCCM Professor of Pediatrics in Medical Education Clinical Educator and Gold College Mentor Paul L. Foster School of Medicine Texas Tech University HSC El Paso El Paso, Texas

Richard M. Ginther Jr, MBA, BS Pediatric Perfusionist Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas

Nicole Glaser, MD Professor Department of Pediatrics Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes University of California, Davis Sacramento, California

Ana Lia Graciano, MD, FCCM Professor of Pediatrics Medical Director CICU Pediatric Critical Care Medicine University of Maryland Children’s Hospital Baltimore, Maryland

Megan M. Gray, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Neonatology

Fellowship Program Director for Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine

Seattle Children’s Hospital

University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington

Kristin C. Greathouse, CPNP-AC, PhD Heart Center

University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital Minneapolis, Minnesota

Bruce M. Greenwald, MD, FAAP, FCCM

Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

Executive Vice-Chair, Department of Pediatrics

Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Weill Cornell Medical College

New York, New York

Matthew M. Grinsell, MD, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of Pediatrics

University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah

Jocelyn R. Grunwell, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Critical Care Medicine

Emory University/Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta, Georgia

Björn Gunnarsson, MD

Department of Research

Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation

Drøbak, Norway

SAR Helicopter

Ørland Main Air Station, Norway

Marla Guzman, MD

Fellow

Pediatric Rheumatology

Cohen Children’s Medical Center-Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

New Hyde Park, New York

Timothy Hahn, MD

Fellow

Department of Pediatrics

Penn State Children’s Hospital Hershey, Pennsylvania

Mark W. Hall, MD

Chief, Division of Critical Care Medicine

Department of Pediatrics

Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus, Ohio

Cary O. Harding, MD Professor

Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics

Oregon Health & Science University Portland, Oregon

Mary E. Hartman, MD, MPH

Associate Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, Missouri

Silvia M. Hartmann, MD

Assistant Professor

Critical Care Medicine

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Kevin M. Havlin, MD Assistant Professor

Department of Pediatrics

Division of Pediatric Critical Care University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky

Kristen Hayward, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Pediatrics Division of Rheumatology

Seattle Children’s Hospital University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington

Patrick J. Healey, MD Professor

Department of Surgery

University of Washington School of Medicine

Division Chief, Pediatric Transplant Surgery

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Christopher M.B. Heard, MBChB, FRCA

Clinical Professor

Department of Anesthesiology

Clinical Professor

Division of Pediatric Critical Care

Oishei Children’s Hospital Buffalo, New York

Julia A. Heneghan, MD

Assistant Professor

Pediatric Critical Care

University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital Minneapolis, Minnesota

David N. Herndon, MD

Editor, Burn Care and Research

American Burn Association Chicago, Illinois

Lynn J. Hernan, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Pediatric Clerkship Director

Texas Tech University HSC El Paso

Paul L. Foster School of Medicine

El Paso, Texas

Kevin D. Hill, MD, MSCI

Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics

Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina

Julien I. Hoffman† Professor (Emeritus) Pediatrics

University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California

Paula Holinski, MD, FRCPC

Clinical Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology University of Alberta

Pediatric Anesthesia and Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care

Stollery Children’s Hospital Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Sue J. Hong, MD

Assistant Professor Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology Northwestern University Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Chicago, Illinois

Simon Horslen, MB ChB

Professor Department of Pediatrics University of Washington School of Medicine; Medical Director of Solid Organ Transplantation Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle, Washington

Aparna Hoskote, MBBS, DCH, MRCP, MD

Consultant in Cardiac Intensive Care

Honorary Senior Lecturer

UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London, United Kingdom

Justin C. Hotz, BSRT, RRT-NPS

Senior Research Associate

Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles, California

Laura Marie Ibsen, MD

Professor of Pediatrics Division Chief, Pediatric Critical Care Department of Pediatrics

Oregon Health and Sciences University Portland, Oregon

Hanneke Ijsselstijn, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Travis C. Jackson, PhD

Associate Professor of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine USF Health Heart Institute Tampa, Florida

Shelina M. Jamal, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor Pediatric Critical Care Alberta Children’s Hospital Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Prashant Joshi, MD

Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso El Paso, Texas

Emily L. Joyce, MD

Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology UH Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland, Ohio

Tom Kallay, MD

Chief, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Director, Simulation and Educational Resource Center for Improved Patient Safety and Outcomes Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance, California; Associate Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles, California

Pradip P. Kamat, MD

Medical Director, Sedation Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta, Georgia

Jason M. Kane, MD, MS, FAAP, FCCM

Associate Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital Chicago, Illinois

†Deceased.

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The Project Gutenberg eBook of Radio V-rays

This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

Title: Radio V-rays

Author: Jan Dirk

Release date: May 7, 2024 [eBook #73554]

Language: English

Original publication: Indianapolis, IN: Popular Fiction Publilshing Company, 1925

Credits: Roger Frank and Sue Clark *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RADIO V-RAYS

TwoYouthsListenedinonInterplanetaryRadio, andStrangeWastheDisasterThatBefellThem

Radio V-Rays

Dick Jarvis and Stan Ross, two young engineering students, lay sprawled in more or less comfortable positions in Dick’s room at college. Stan was tall, tanned, and curly-headed. Dick wore the horn-rimmed glasses, mussed hair and preoccupied look of the habitual student. Yet these two, normally of the two extreme types which avoid each other all through college, had been drawn together in the bonds of true friendship by one thing—radio.

On a long shelf which ran along one side of the room, beneath a window through which projected a lead-in insulator, lay a beautiful superheterodyne receiver. Dick’s father had been liberal with both his verbal and monetary encouragement, and Dick and his friend Stan Ross had built the gleaming mahogany leviathan of the radioreceiving world as a gift for him in token of their appreciation. Stan was talking, in his easy, carefree voice:

“Well, old kid, there’s a DX half-hour starting in three minutes. Unwrap yourself from that soft chair and turn the expense into those little 199’s.”

Dick grinned his acquiescence as he rose and went to the set. “Which aerial shall we use?” he inquired.

“Oh, the outdoor one, I guess. Try it first, anyway, and then we can change to one of the loops if it’s too loud. I’ve never seen that funny one on the end of the bench, before—I’d like to try it.”

“Oh, that one? Ouch!”

Dick was trying to free himself from the grip of a refractory pair of head-phones that had taken a vicious hold upon one ear and a lock of hair.

“That cone-shaped loop is a highly directional affair I built so as to get away from this heavy traffic on San Francisco bay.”

He snapped over a filament-controlling toggle switch set into the long bench, and the beautiful set became instantly alive, transformed from a mechanically perfect but inanimate instrument of wood and wire to a living, glowing thing—a Twentieth Century horn of plenty, taking in at one end invisible and inaudible frequencies of electricity and releasing them as man-controlled music and speech.

Stan Ross plugged in his pair of phones and watched his friend, who was crouched before the superheterodyne, seeking by his trained manipulation of the dials to follow up the faint whistles which the set was pouring into his ears. Three stations four hundred miles to the south in Los Angeles roared in, one after the other, with an intensity sufficient to rattle the sensitive diaphragms of the head-sets. Dick slid his pair forward from his ears, but Stan, a veteran of the days when he and his fellow amateurs had sat long hours into the night with each others’ one kilowatt spark stations tearing into their heads from three-step audio amplifiers, only smiled.

“Pretty good, Dick,” he shouted. “Those stations down south are all piled together on almost the same wave. I didn’t think even the ‘het’ would separate ’em.”

“Sh-h-h!” cautioned Dick. “There’s the Calgary station away up north in Canada. I’m going to try the new loop, now—wait a minute.”

He removed his head-set and turned his attention to the eggshaped affair previously referred to by Stan, connecting it in place of the outdoor antenna. The affair, Stan noticed, was shaped like half an egg, and rotated on a vertical axis at right angles to the normal horizontal line of an egg. Wire was wound on the parabolic wooden frame in such a fashion that the focus of the electrical parabola thus formed was fixed upon a point far out in space, in whatever direction the horizontal axis of the affair might be pointed.

Dick turned back to the set, now much quieter, and motioned for Stan to turn the loop, slowly. Stan stretched a tentative hand toward the handle on top of the parabola, expecting a fearful shriek in the

phones. Nothing of the sort occurred—he gave a slight whistle of amazement.

“No body capacity?” he asked.

“Nope,” came the reply; “new kink in shielding I worked out.” Then as Stan stooped and peered into the frame, a puzzled look on his face: “No need of looking for metallic shields, because there aren’t any. Just something I happened to stumble on: reducing everything as much as possible to ground potential.”

Stan smiled, and put out his hand.

“I’ll have to hand it to you, old kid,” he said. “I can supply the practical experience, but you certainly were born with all the brains and genius for both of us.”

He began turning the loop slowly, pausing whenever Dick signified for him to do so, and in such a manner that the focus of the parabola moved in a great circle from the south to the east— counter-clockwise, in other words. First a small station in New Mexico, then El Paso, and finally Chicago and New York swung in, loud enough to be just comfortable in the telephones.

The two young men smiled into each other’s eyes, contentedly, experiencing the joy of a dream come true and appreciating the beautiful creation on the work bench as only one can appreciate modern wireless telegraphy who has followed the art from its coherer stage. Dick snapped off the tubes, and the two removed their head-sets.

“Some set!” said Dick, the student.

“Some set!” agreed Stan, the good fellow, sensing the coming of one of the friendly arguments, more or less one-sided, which they frequently indulged in. Sure enough, Dick frowned at him (his method of collecting his thoughts) and began:

“This set is appallingly stupid and simple, isn’t it?”

“No, it isn’t!” snapped back Stan. “It’s complicated as the devil.”

The fray was on.

“Of course you would disagree,” said Dick. “I’d like you less if you failed to. But honestly, now—you understand the principles on which the set works, you know how all the parts are put together, and you know how to operate it efficiently. On the whole, won’t you have to admit that this seven-tube set seemed far less complicated to you than did the first crystal set you ever made when you were new to the game?”

“Well, yes, I guess I will,” admitted Stan. “As usual, I’m cornered. But just what are you driving at?”

“I’ll come to that in a minute. Now, think of the thousands of people in this country who use radio receiving sets. They can tune them, after a fashion; they hear over long distances, mostly because of luck, and so they think themselves scientific research workers, and speak of their sets, which really do all the work, contemptuously —patronizingly. Yet those same sets, even if they have built them themselves (which is not usually the case) are really miracles to them, if they would only admit it.”

“All done?” Stan inquired solicitously.

“All done,” said Dick, wonderingly.

“Right. Now listen to this and then unravel it, little logic. It’s gospel truth, and I’ve always wanted an explanation of it—but I never thought I’d meet anyone who would admit everything to be so simple as you do, so I’ve always kept it under my hat.”

“I’m listening,” said Dick.

“Before I came to college I had an amateur station in Los Angeles —big spark transmitter and all that. One winter I was listening in at about 1 o’clock in the morning. The stations up here around San Francisco that had been booming in an hour before had all seemed to shut down together, almost as if something had suddenly smothered them, if you get what I mean. The Los Angeles fellows, I suppose, thought that the northern fellows were having some sort of local interference, so they, too, shut down, one by one. 5ZA had been working his spark, down in New Mexico, but he seemed to fade out at about the same time the San Francisco stations did.

“It was odd to hear the air so quiet. I tuned all up and down the scale, hoping for some eastern DX, although it was rather late, but there was not a station on the air. Thinking that perhaps my receiver was not working as it should, I started the rotary gap and drawled out a long CQ on full power, but none of the locals came back to ‘bawl me out’—I was alone on the air. It was eery; I felt as if I were the last inhabitant of a dead world, and the night outside—a sixty mile gale of ice-cold north wind had sprang up from nowhere—didn’t help to lessen the uncomfortable illusion. Suddenly, on about five hundred meters (I remember the setting of those dials as well as if I had them here in my hands now) I heard a low hum, and eight long dashes pealed out, one after the other, each of them one tone higher than the preceding one. TheoctaveinthekeyofC!

“I admit that I jumped—cold sweat broke out on my forehead, but I glued my fingers to those variometer dials. About a minute later I heard it again—do, re, mi, and on up. It sounded at first like eight rotary gaps tuned to a musical scale, except that the tones were much smoother, almost bell-like, in fact.”

Dick was laughing.

“And you ask me to explain a thing like that after I’ve been talking of miracles?” he scoffed. “Why, it’s childishly simple. Some local fellow was playing a fool trick with eight rotary gaps adjusted to the key of C, or else someone was pioneering with a modulated CW—a broadcasting set.”

“Yeah, Sherlock? Well, I thought of that, too—I’m not as dumb as I look.”

Stan had risen to go. When he was safely outside the door, a position calculated to make his parting shot highly dramatic, he turned and shot back, “Right in the middle of that little performance the light in my radio room went out, and I learned the next day that the power had been off all over the city!”

The door slammed.

Weeks passed. Stan, busy with athletics and activities, did not have time to call at his friend’s house for more than a month, and when

finally he did, it was only upon receipt of an urgent telephone message. He burst into Dick’s room to find that worthy lying on the floor with his nose deep in an immense volume.

“Oh, Lord! False alarm,” he groaned. “I thought you had electrocuted yourself, or something. What’s the matter?—and what the dickens are you reading?”

Dick rose and laid the volume carefully on the table.

“A treatise on X-rays,” he said; “and as for your other questions, nothing is the matter and I haven’t electrocuted myself. I just wanted you to come over and see what you have been responsible for. Look!”

He stepped to the neat work bench and withdrew the black covering cloth from a bulky cabinet.

“If I’m the father of that,” snorted Stan, “I ought to be ashamed of myself. Why, it’s out of date, obsolete—no one builds cabinets three feet high any more. What in heck is it, anyway?”

“It,” said Dick, “is, as I was saying before I was so rudely interrupted”—he coughed, with a dignified air—“something for which you, only you, and no one but you, are responsible.”

“How come? I’ll bite.”

“It’s a long story, Stan. You probably remember the trick story that you told me a few weeks ago, at the end of which you left abruptly, so that I might not, with the powers of pure logic, destroy what you seemed to believe a miracle?”

“I remember, all right, only I didn’t say it was a miracle, and the story was not a trick story I told you it was gospel truth, and I wasn’t kidding.”

“Uh-huh,” agreed Dick. “Well, be that as it may, your dramatic exit left me with an unsolved puzzle in my head, as you no doubt intended that it should, and knowing me as you do, old egg-beater, you certainly must know what the result of such a condition upon me would naturally be.”

“My gawsh!” Stan exclaimed; “you don’t mean to say you’ve doped out about those musical notes, do you? If you have, I’ll surely hand it to—”

“In that case, I’m sorry to confess that I haven’t. But look in the cabinet.”

Stan looked. He was too used to Dick’s queer contrivances to evince surprize; rather he took a careful inventory of what he saw, so that when he turned again to his friend he had a pretty good idea of the contents of the cabinet. He looked up and began enumerating from memory: “Down in a lower compartment there seems to be an orthodox receiving set with eight oversize tubes. All the wiring is oversize, too, and so are the transformers. Up above the set there are a lot of little control appliances, evidently of your own invention, and the biggest X-ray tube I’ve ever seen, with some sort of a focusing device pointed down into the lower compartment. That’s all. What do you think of little Watson’s powers of observation, Sherlock?”

“You will insist upon attempting to be humorous, won’t you?” rebuked Dick, smiling nevertheless. “Seriously, though, Stan, this is the biggest thing I’ve ever done, and it may mean more to the world than any other radio experimentation has meant so far. Would you like an idea of what it all means before we start work?”

“I would,” from the now sober Stan Ross.

“Well, when you left that night I began turning things over and over in my mind. You quite evidently did not think those eight notes were the result of any human agency, and the idea, though preposterous, fascinated me. Where could such a phenomenon originate, I asked myself, if it had not been the prank of some schoolboy? I thought of the millions of other heavenly bodies in the plane of the Galaxy, many of them thousands of times the size of our Earth, and some undoubtedly inhabited. I thought of Mars, though I knew that there was no more reason to believe it inhabited than any other planet, except that it had been seized upon by the popular fancy because of its proximity to the orbit of the Earth and because of its so-called canals. It was while I was thinking of Mars, however, that my train of thought shot off at a new tangent.”

Dick Jarvis paused, utterly forgetful of his friend’s presence. His eyes shone queerly. As Ross prompted him he began again:

“Why hadn’t we been able to communicate with any of the other planets? Were they so far ahead of us in their development that they had forgotten how to make our foolishly elementary kinds of receiving sets? Was it a mere question of wave lengths? Of distance? Or had our system of radio reception perhaps developed along entirely different lines than theirs? Had they used some principle entirely foreign to the electron theory in their radio work—say some unknown projector ray or light repulsion of the sort which makes the tail of a comet point always away from the sun? It seemed possible, even probable. Then I asked myself what medium of language an exterior planet would use in an attempt at communication, and two things immediately suggested themselves: geometry and music! That latter made me think of you again, so because it was the last thing in my train of thought—you were the last thing, I mean—I decided to call you responsible for the whole works—the receiving set on the bench, which is what you want to hear about, of course. I ought to be ashamed of myself for boring you.”

Stan protested.

“Dick,” he said, rising and grasping his friend by the hand, “I don’t know whether you know it or not, but you’re a genius. I’m proud to know you.”

Dick Jarvis blushed.

“Thanks, Stan,” he said, quietly, and rushed into a hurried discussion of the invention that rested before him, in an attempt to cover his embarrassment. A rare thing, indeed, when in college an athlete deigns to give such praise to one of those who are considered miserable “grinds”, though it is indeed true that the grinds usually end up by doing more for the world. All the more credit, then, to that great connecting link of modern America, the radio, which makes all men kin.

“You see, Stanley,” Dick continued, “that idea of Martian ray propulsion sort of got me, and I kept asking myself if we didn’t have something similar to it here on Earth. There seemed to be

something in the back of my head which said we did—a sort of mind-picture of just what I was seeking, yet although I was on the verge of it several times I couldn’t seem to quite visualize the thing. Finally I woke up one night with the answer, and the name of the thing on my lips—it was a common X-ray tube. I got up out of bed and started work, and for a month, steadily, I’ve worked every available minute that I could spare from my studies.”

“But—” Stan broke in, impulsively, “why didn’t you let me help you? I would have been only too glad—”

“I know you would have been, Stan. You’re good about those things. But you will have done more than your share if this thing works, tonight, by just having been here. I may need you for a witness, some day. Now, where was I? Oh, yes—the ray.

“Of course an X-ray tube operates in accordance with the electron theory, but it shoots the electrons off—it doesn’t throw them out as an electromagnetic field of force, which is probably the fashion in which our earthly radio waves are propagated. In other words, although I was still using the electrons in my work, I had an entirely new type of receiving set, and one which, although it might not actually hear messages from another planet, would perhaps be the stepping stone on which some future inventor might build success. So I started.

“In the cabinet on the bench there are, as you noticed, two divisions. One contains an oversize receiving set, with some appliances of my own attached to it, and the other the ray projecting and focusing device. The whole thing is wired with copper tubing, for the simple reason that in my earlier experiments the current developed was sufficient to fuse ordinary wire. The tubes are about the size of fifty watt transmitting tubes, and vary in construction, the one directly beneath the projector, which corresponds to the detector, having five electrodes made of radium-coated quartz. I am not sure that I could explain all of the action, but the radium seems to give off some new emanation that I have never seen before, under the stimulus of the rays from the projector. Do you follow me?”

“I’m trailing,” said Stan. “Now tell me about the projector.”

“The projector? It’s just an unusually large tube similar to an X-ray tube, which I have constructed to withstand extremely high voltages. It produces a tremendous flow of force, which I have named the V-Ray, and which by means of the leaden shield I can direct upon any portion of the net below. Now I believe that with the ray forcing a stream of electrons, or perhaps it would be more correct to say energy, into the tubes, the set will be sensitive to radio waves of a type unknown here on Earth. What the results will be, I do not know. I have never tried the set in its completed form before tonight I’m just playing a hunch. Ready to go?”

Stan Ross signified his assent, and the two approached the monster on the long work bench. Stan felt a sinking sensation in the pit of his stomach. Dick attached to the input terminal of the set a long outdoor antenna, which, including the inductances which it contained every fifty feet, contained more than five miles of wire. There were no filaments in the tubes, hence the only batteries needed were some high-voltage blocks, some five hundred volts, altogether. At the extreme right of the panel were two output terminals, across which Dick had temporarily hooked a milliammeter, not knowing whether the output of the set would be auditory, visual, or what. He turned the 110 volts of the lighting system into the step-up transformer connected to the projector tube; the lights blinked, dimmed, and the huge V-Ray tube came to life, glowing greenly. The hum from the transformer seemed to drone a warning, in its ominous sixty-cycle growl—occasionally its safety gap broke down and a viciously snapping tongue of violet flame crashed between the terminals and added its weird glare to the green glow that filled the room.

Dick, looking monstrous in heavy leaden surplice, goggles and gloves, grasped the projector controls and swept the tubes below with the ray. Peering over his shoulder Stan watched the vacuum tubes begin to glow as the V-rays bombarded, with billions of electrons, their radium-coated elements. First a point at the base of

each tube became incandescent, grew, and finally resolved itself into a ruddy ball of fire and rolled to the top of the plates, where it exploded and spread over the quartz surfaces as an opal luminescence, turning them into swirling blazes of color— lavender, gold, red. Stan drew back, dizzied and half-hypnotized by the swirling spectra. The tubes seemed alive. Alive!The word drummed through his befogged brain.

Dick adjusted the first tube.

“Equivalent to inductance,” he muttered. “I tune the set with it.”

The milliammeter quivered slightly, responding to atmospherics, presumably, for there were no stations operating at the time on the wave length to which the set was tuned.

Stan looked at his watch.

“In one minute,” he said, “the largest broadcasting station in San Francisco will come on.”

The room became deathly quiet save for the hum of the transformer and the ticking of the watch which Stan held in his hand, as the seconds marched their way into eternity. Then—a spurt of flame, and the milliammeter fell to the floor, not alone burned out, but burned almost in half.

The two men stared at each other through their leaden goggles. Stan groped for the telephone on the bench and rang up the broadcasting station.

“Hello, hello,” the voice at the other end of the wire answered excitedly, before he had a chance to speak. “The first of a hundred ’phone calls to ask why we’re late? No program tonight all our tubes blew out at once—generator, too—almost as if something suddenly doubled the load on ’em....”

The voice ceased as the connection clicked off. Two other broadcasting stations came on simultaneously, as the loud-speaker attached to the set which Dick had placed in operation testified. He looked up to receive Stan’s news and, little surprized, turned again to the tuning tube of the V-ray receiver, quickly tuning to the wavelength of the two stations now on the air, while Stan, aware at last of what he was doing, placed a heavy ammeter across the output

terminals. The needle on the ammeter dial hesitated for the smallest fraction of a second, then jumped to its maximum position. An instant later the instrument fell to the floor, a smoking ruin.

The two men looked at each other, their eyes bulging.

“No need to telephone those stations,” Dick said, his voice shaking. “They’ll be burned out, too.”

“And we’re doing it!” whispered Stan. “My God, Dick!—the man said it was as though someone suddenly doubled the load on their generators. That means wirelesstransmissionofpower!”

Dick stood rigid, then a faint smile touched his lips, as of tension relieved.

“And now,” he announced, “we’ll go up to a wave-length of one million meters and see what happens to a set of head-phones.”

Turning to the set he worked busily for some minutes, adjusting various devices and concentrating the projector ray upon the detector tube directly below it. Stan, too excited now to think of electrocution, stripped off the clumsy gloves and with his bare hands connected two pairs of receivers to the terminals where the two meters had been. With something very like a prayer they placed the telephones over their ears, and Dick adjusted controls until a low, musical hum became audible.

Suddenly it seemed to Stan as if thousands of conversations were taking place inside his head. He heard no voices, yet within his brain he was aware of the coming and going of myriad thoughts and ideas not his own. He turned to Dick and started to speak, then realized that it was unnecessary. Dick’s mind and his were in perfect tune; they could read each others’ thoughts.

“Do you feel what I do, or am I going crazy?” Stan asked.

“Yes. It’s true.”

“What does it mean? I can’t understand.”

“It means that we are listening in on interplanetary thought transmissions. I believed that other heavenly bodies conversed by means of geometry or music. I was wrong. I should have known

that they would be far enough advanced to use telepathy—radio telepathy.”

“These voices that do not seem to be real voices—are they from Mars?”

“Probably they are. Mars is closest to us in the solar system. The Music of the Spheres!”

All this without a word having been spoken....

As the two men listened it seemed that they were actually hearing voices, that the thoughts which the set was pouring into their heads were human voices whispering into their ears. There were conversations of all sorts: plans, plots, love confidences—all that one would expect to hear if he cut in on all the telephone conversations taking place at one time in a big city. For each change of a hundredth part of a wave-length which Dick made with the dials a new flood poured in: discussions of inventions unknown to Earthmen, which might advance them a hundred thousand years— secrets which would revolutionize Earth’s every art. And all within the power of two men to disclose!

Of a sudden, growing gradually louder and louder and louder until it dominated all the minor whispers, rose one voice above the others, in the booming tones of a leader of his kind. “Aie! Aie! This is Marlars, chief and war lord over this red planet, which is the lord of all the red planets. I tell of the council to be held even now upon this, the lord of red planets—the council which, according to the legends of our people, has always been held after each hundredth occurrence of the vernal equinox of that small place called Earth by its inhabitants. Press your thought cones to your foreheads in the customary manner, and stay unmoved for one space of time, when I will call you to me. For I am Marlars, lord of this red planet which is the lord of all the red planets.”

Dick Jarvis and Stan Ross removed their head-phones and placed them against their foreheads as if mesmerized, and obeying the commands of a stronger will. The hum of the big transformer rose till it became a whine—or was it a shrieking wail? The head-phones, which seemed to be burning into their foreheads, seemed to be

changing shape in their very hands. The two felt a tremendous force exerting itself on them—pulling —pulling....

A week or so later Mrs. Sharpe, the landlady of the house in which Dick Jarvis had lived, was terrifiedly answering the questions of two detectives, one sent from the local police station, another from Dick’s father.

“S’help me,” she was entreating, “that’s the truth and nothin’ else. I come upstairs, just like what I said, to make the beds, and found a big black box on the table the boys had built beneath the window, with some big lamps inside, a-burnin’ and a-snappin’. One of ’em were so big.”

She gestured with her hands.

“I turned off the ’lectricity—the boys was always runnin’ up big ’lectricity bills on me—but when they didn’t come back, and didn’t come back, I begun to get scared and fiery mad at ’em at the same time, what with the window busted, and all. I figured they had most likely skipped out to beat me out of the rent, but at the same time I was scared somethin’ had happened to ’em. I sold all their stuff to the junkman before Mr. Jarvis got here to claim it, but I’m within my rights, an’ I know it. I don’t know no more, s’help me.”

The two detectives walked together, very slowly, to report. It was a strange case.

Transcriber’s Note: This story appeared in the March 1925 issue of WeirdTales magazine.

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