Uncertainty capturing in Reservoir Modeling An Interview with Mrs. Kristen Brandt – Student Affairs Coordinator at EAGE International Adsorbed Natural Gas Canister Assembly for Vehicular Transportation
CONTENT Foresight
2 A New Plank Page 3 Winners Embrace Hard Work
Paramount Opinion 4 An Interview with Mrs. Kristen Brandt- Student Affairs Coordinator at EAGE International
Articles
6 Aquarius Fluid Systems 8 Surface Logging between Past and Future 10 Uncertainty Capturing in Reservoir Modeling
Case Study
14 Application of 3D static Reservoir Model for Prediction Pliocene Sand
Invoke 16 Alabaster Highly Reactive Clays with 17 Drilling Water Based Silicate Mud
Scientific Approach 18 Adsorbed Natural Gas Canister Assembly for Vehicular Transportation 20 Modern Decline Curve Analysis for Oil Fields
Events
Explore SCOPE Online EAGESU.ORG/SCOPE April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |01
A New Blank Page If you could start your life all over again, what would be different? What would you change now if you were able to wave a magic wand and start from scratch? As long as you are in your comfortable zone and living in mind peace, you just keep going on without stop. You spend many years in your life the only thing you care about is your grades and passing your academic years, without taking a break to think if you are satisfied with what you have achieved or not. You must believe that it’s never too late to start; you still have the opportunity to do more in your life. Just begin with a new blank page. I spent nearly two decades of my life thinking that I was somehow invincible and prepared with enough skills for anything, but it was only when I began to meet more people that I discovered I was wrong! I was neither invincible nor prepared. I decided to discover what I was missing; following the footsteps of those people who inspired me to take this break and rethink about my future path. I admit that it was the quickest and most efficient solution. Through my journey to discover what I was missing, some people encouraged me and their words kept me going. Others put barriers in my way and disappointed me by the worst words I have ever known “it’s impossible”. Of course we are aware of the fact that the greatest barrier to success is the fear of failure, but when it comes to determining your future path you should get rid this fear and don’t listen to those spiteful people. You have to believe that the real success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss in your enthusiasm. I started as an active member at “EAGE Suez University Students Chapter”. As time went on I followed, listened, engaged, and worked with different teams, this played a big role in developing my personal skills. After a short time I was filled with passion, dreams, commitment and I was able to lead a whole team. But I still had this feeling that something is still missing! From this point I began to learn a new lesson in life “goals are renewable!” I thought that by reaching my goals, my enthusiasm and willing to reach these goals will be replaced by total satisfaction. However, the only thing that was replaced was my goal! I continued to follow my goals until I thought that I reached the peak of professionalism, this was only changed when I met a man who gave me the chance to strike new goals. Despite being a Manager at a Multinational and Leading Service Company in Oil & gas industry, this man still has goals! He is still working to discover new things in his field. This man was “Eng. Devesh Bhaisora” Halliburton Egypt cementing manager; his words were like a whisper of change. He said “Oil & Gas Industry is all about goals, if you reach one goal, directly replace it with a new one and this journey of discovering the missing things will give a challenge flavor to your life”. At the end of my season as EAGE SU SC president, I want to say that I will really miss this discomfort zone, which forced me to explore a lot of things about myself I did not know I had. I also have learnt one inevitable thing that I’ll always have this feeling of dissatisfaction, because my coming goal hasn’t been fulfilled yet. I will draw my Goals map from now and conquer everything to achieve them, leaving a space in my map because my goals will always be Renewable. The way to get started is to quit talking and commence doing knowing that as long as you are breathing, you are just beginning. Believe in yourself and you will reach for the stars.
Mohamed Hamdy
SCOPE Chairperson and Chapter President 02| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
Winners Embrace Hard Work When we talk about success; it means how high you bounce when you hit the bottom, but when we talk about hard working; it means how hard you hit the bottom in order to reach the peak. Several times you are put in difficult situations but the reaction changes from one person to another. So what are the determinants of these reactions? Hard working doesn’t mean only to exert a hard physical action in your work, but it means any action you do -whether mental or physical- to achieve the target of your job and eventually to exceed uncommon product or solution, this Always comes from experience and leads to success. Nowadays, having wise decision making sense, good leadership skills and a great faith in the impact of hard working may be one of the most substantial requirements to be involved in the labor market and especially in the oil field. You must push yourself to work hard on your dexterities. Starting from this point, Successful people are said to be blessed with talent or what we say luck ,but this is not the truth. Hard work beats talent, if talent doesn’t work. Let’s take a while talking about some of the short stories of successful persons. ‘’ The Bionic Manager ‘’ this title is given for Jeffery Immelt (CEO of General Electric Company). This awesome man worked one hundred hours every week for twenty four years. Immelt strictly divided that time devoting a specific portion of each day to deal with each part of his business. How incredible you feel when you know that a man didn’t take a vacation for seven years,while starting his first business. This man is called Mark Cuban (The Owner of Dallas Mavericks - the well-known basketball team-). All of these stories simply show the meaning of what I always say ‘’ Winners Embrace Hard Work ‘’. When you look at any successful person and compare between his laborious journey in his life and the easy comfortable route of an ordinary person, you will find a significant difference, which will make you believe in how hard you should work on yourself to be better, to be a true leader and a true responsible man who can make the suitable decision at the proper time, this is what the employers always search for in any field. You should always know that the outcome of hard working won’t take place directly after exerting the effort; it always takes much time to be noticed. For example, we only reach the proficiency and skillfulness by working, failing and sacrifices, this is the meaning of gaining experience. Also maintaining this professional performance is considered hard working. When you fail, don’t give up but keep going on; believing that failing means that you need more skills, more experience and more efforts on yourself. Last but not least, you should know that if you have a strong purpose in your life, hard working will not be an option it must be a necessity. Of course, there will be obstacles, doubters and mistakes, but with hard work there are no limits. You must believe that nothing, worth having, comes easy. Finally, I want to appreciate and thank all of the editorial team who showed me the true meaning of hard working. The initiation of anything is always difficult with many obstacles, but the enthusiasm and the persistence of this awesome team eventually end with success.
Mohamed Makram
SCOPE CEO and Chapter Vice President April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |03
An Interview with Mrs. Kristen Brandt Student Affairs Coordinator at EAGE International
It gives us a great sense of honor to take part of your precious time. Besides, being so grateful, as you fit us in your schedule. Almost all our readers are aware of the goal of the EAGE. But, to that minority who are not familiar with its aim would you please illustrate it to them? It is EAGE’s goal to spread geoscience knowledge throughout the world, or as stated in the Mission of EAGE: “The objectives of the Association is to promote the development and application of geosciences and related engineering subjects in order to promote innovation and technical progress and to foster the communication, fellowship and cooperation between those working, studying or otherwise being interested in these fields.” Mrs. Kirsten, of course being in such a position like yours needs a brilliant, successful, smart and dedicated person; so, would you please tell us about the qualifications that helped you achieving this success through sharing your professional background with us? After having a degree in Communications, l started working in the Marketing Communication for a company that was about to 04| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
change its name, logo and house style. You can imagine how hard the impact of this on the company’s customers globally. One of the main concerns of a company that is considering a change in name or house style is that they may lose customers due to a lack of strategy or communications (campaigns). This period in my career gained me a valuable experience. My time at EAGE was very important as well. I worked in EAGE for the last three years; starting from the Publication Department, where I spent three months, passing by the Communication Department, where I spent one and half year, ending to the Student Affairs Department for one and half year. During this long time I have seen so many different points of view about EAGE by now, which is truly an important asset in my current Student Affairs occupation; as we offer all the different aspects of benefit (membership, publications, events, etc.) to students. «The purpose of life is a life of purpose.» During your long journey with EAGE what was your purpose? And have you achieved it? Too be honest with you, it was never my purpose to end up in
such a high position like being in the Student Affairs Department of EAGE. With my communications background, my purpose was always to develop myself in the communication field. It was a lucky coincidence and a great turning point in my career that the Student Affairs Coordinator’s job was offered to me by the EAGE Management Team. We all know how that ended! It appeared to be a very good choice, which I›ll never regret. My current purpose, which I seek to achieve, with the Student Affairs Department is to professionalize the current systems and to further develop the student programs, which EAGE are offering/will offer. What is your vision while Monitoring the EAGE Local Chapters ? The Student Chapters or EAGEs are very important and I do believe that EAGE should invest time and efforts in the development of the Chapters worldwide. I was really happy that the amount of EAGE Student Chapters grew from 27 to almost 50 this year. This must be a sign that EAGE is making the right choices! But there is still a lot to improvements needed to be made in the coming year. I am willing to work on optimizing the flow of information to and from Student Chapters.
76th EAGE Conference & Exhibition in Amsterdam, Netherlands Under your Supervision, Monitoring , supporting and administration EAGE Suez University Student Chapter has reached the fame, in your opinion, what strategy should we follow in the future? Since the chapter’s purpose is to promote Geosciences and specific branches of the Geosciences in Mining, Oil & Gas industry and Civil Engineering, I think EAGE SU SC had really showed remarkable creativity and enthusiasm in the past year in order to fulfill this purpose. After this effective season, I must tell you that to stay on the peak of excellence you have to keep up good work in addition to setting measurable, specific, Realistic and time dependent objectives with permanent benchmarking your services with the services and products of other chapters, and spare no effort to deliver these services not only to your members but also to all Egyptian students interested in geosciences and related engineering subjects. There is no doubt that the International petroleum and geoscience conference, which was held in Egypt by the efforts of EAGE SU SC members, was the spark of our celebrity. Would you be kind enough to tell us about your opinion on how successful we manage this mega event?
The event was organized for the first time in a professional way. I think it was an important learning experience for all of us. I was really proud to be part of the event and to see the professionalism of the organizers and their eagerness to success. The thing I liked most was that each one of the organizers seeks immediately to help in solving any problem. This proved the dedication and a sense of responsibility that the organizers have. I admit that the management of this event couldn›t be better. Tell us about Your Experience in Egypt through the IPGC days? My time in Egypt was memorable. I am very grateful for getting the chance to meet such enthusiastic people. We had some fruitful meetings and discussions about the future of the Student Chapter. I was happily surprised by the great hospitality and the wonderful experience I gained. I have seen some of Egypt’s highlights and I admit there still so much I would like to see and to do. Of course without the kindness of the Egyptian people, I would not have had the same wonderful experience I had now. I am very thankful to be given such a great opportunity and would love to visit Egypt again.
To what extent do you support the idea of publishing a magazine for EAGE SU SC? I think it is a wonderful idea and I support it to a great extent. This magazine could results in new opportunities for Suez University Students, as it acts as a platform for Egyptian chapters, students and professionals who are interested in the development and application of geosciences and related engineering subjects. In fact, this magazine could open doors for all Student Chapters in Egypt to share their technical progress. It is a great initiative and I am looking forward to receiving the first copy! As we are publishing the first issue of our magazine what message would you like to deliver to EAGE SU SC members? I cannot express who much I am proud of the initiation of such a great work. As I already said, I am very much looking forward to reading the first edition of the magazine. My expectation is that it will be the cornerstone of your progress, as it will surely be a showcase of the important topics for the Egyptian geoscience community. Lastly, I want to tell every member in EAGE SU SC that the reputation of EAGE international is part and parcel of your reputation. So, keep up good working. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |05
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Aquarius Fluid Systems AHMED ABU BAKR MUD ENGINEER - EMEC
The future of completion fluids industry as discussed with Mr. Daryl Breese, Inventor, Oil & Gas Consultant, Drilling Fluids Expert.
Aquarius is a new drilling fluid system that chemically creates and opens fractures using a new method blended from proven completion applications. It can also be used in standard completion like perforation and gravel packing; it is also a very flexible, proven system that can adapt with your specific drilling and completion applications. It covers a wide range of water and oil based muds (with water phases). It is currently patent pending. There are a growing number of countries, states and cities worldwide that are banning hydrofracking. Acidizing in well completion may have a similar fate. However, this Aquarius Fluid System is your best choice for maximizing production.
We encourage potential customers to research and/or recreate claims for these proven applications with simple tests in their labs.
Here are some FAQs: How does it work? Aquarius employs a new blend of proven completion applications. Lab tests can recreate the benefits of this system with specific shale cuttings from specific field’s unique production zones. Saturated or near-saturated salt fluid dehydrates the moisture in shale by osmosis (This is a similar process to preserving meat by applying salt). When the chloride content of salt water muds is higher than the formation being drilled into, moisture is drawn out of the shales or clays (*Reference SPE 89831, page 5). 06| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
The new combination of these applications has a combined synergistic benefit. Do we have to complete the well with this fluid? Aquarius gives you that option, or you can change over to a near-saturated salt completion fluid. Any standard completion method can be employed. Are we limited to a choice of polymers? No, your selection should be guided by when you employ the acid phase. The acid phase of Aquarius can be added at or near the end of drilling; based on your se-
lected polymer’s acid resistance and planned viscosity needs. The «acid by volume” ratio is a critical component of this system and needs to be tracked. Additions of acid based biocides, emulsifiers, and corrosion inhibitors will contribute to your planned acid by volume ratio. Be sure to lab test your polymer choice(s) with salt, acid based additives, and selected acid. Standard tests should include -but not be limited to- crystallization point, filtrate, viscosity, rheology, and defeating the wall cake.
What about the residual wall cake “skin”? The wall cake “skin” can be defeated by a combination of acid, 1% bleach and/or similar chemical breaker. “Blowback” completion tests can be done in the lab and the field to dial in your Aquarius System. Why won’t Aquarius fractures contaminate the aquifers? Using the Aquarius Fluid System, the average pump pressure of 3,000-4,000 PSI while drilling limits the fractures to the proximity of the producing zone; by staying somewhat balanced to the hydrostatic pressure generated by the formation and the weight of the earth above it. Hydrofracking averages 10,000-15,000 PSI and intentionally opens fractures hundreds of feet in all directions. The seemingly solid earth we walk on acts like fluid over geological time or over pressure like hydrofracking. Over pressure follows the path of the least resistance and one simple fault line can deliver chemical laced fracking water into aquifers. That is why Aquarius is safe for our aquifers. The benefits of Aquarius are: Aquarius Fluid System is not only your best alternative as hydrofracking is banned; it also maximizes and complements standard completion techniques like perforation and gravel packing. The cost of cuttings disposal can exceed the cost of drilling mud for the well. Aquarius will allow recycling of most cuttings. For example, Range Resources in Canonsburg, PA, has used a salt WBM and gained approval to sell and/ or reuse their cuttings for road base. This specific water based fluid leaves cuttings quite dry and dehydrated. They actually have been seen coming over the shaker screen bouncing, and making a chinking type sound. Aquarius Fluid System is designed to lower the cost with fewer rig days. Saturated salt polymer drilling fluids have been shown to outperform oil based mud in
Western Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Field; saving $5-7 million per drilling rig per year. Aquarius is also appropriate for offshore drilling, which favors WBM over OBM because of cuttings disposal and environmental concerns. Fractures typically average only from 0.5 to 1 millimeter in width. Aquarius Fluid System is designed to chemically increase the size and length of these channels for better production. The key elements of Aquarius are: - Employ competent mud engineering with full understanding of implementation process. - Saturated or near saturated salt fluid dehydrates shale by osmosis. This is a key element in the application of the Aquarius System. Clays age and become shales over geological time. Shales are generally more brittle than clays and contain less moisture. Shales are a composite blend of different chemical compounds. Shales are classified by their geological age, moisture content, clay content and hardness. A salt or salt-blend should be chosen from lab dehydration and reaction testing. We recommend near saturated salt fluid to minimize crystallization, which can challenge mud motors, pumps, and even the formation. - Implement maximum/aggressive solids control. Maximum solids control is proven to keep fractures and production pathways cleaner and more open. All solids should be addressed, if possible, on the first circulation. Mud dryers can probably be eliminated. - Plan a relaxed filtrate for deep fracture invasion, as determined by lab tests of each field’s drilled cuttings. - Further detailed laboratory examination of field geology to help establish operational criteria and component selection which will lead to a somewhat adaptable system design with ongoing field
feedback for validation. - Plan “acid by volume” percentage guided by the lab and field testing of the cuttings. We recommend testing in the .5% to 5% by volume range. Acid tracking should be on daily reports. - Apply completion techniques that will complement and maintain the fractures made during drilling the horizontal well section. This may include a new saturated salt completion fluid and/ or proppants. Aquarius is a very flexible program. Aquarius can use a wide range of traditional polymers (PHPA, HEC, XC) to even the very acid resistant fluoropolymers such as Hercules HPC Klucel© and HPC Klucel H©, which is currently used as a drilling fluid lubricant. Your applied Aquarius Fluid System can select from a wide variety of readily available acids based on the composition of your production formation. Remember that your biocides, emulsifiers, and corrosion inhibitors will increase your selected “acid by volume” ratio and should be tracked. Addition of your acid can be done upon the first drilling into your pay zone, or during selected cleanup cycles; (a cleanup cycle is equal to three times bottoms up), or even at TD (total depth). The acid can also be pumped as a “spacer”, which can be tracked visibly when marked with red dye, allowing its removal (if desired) when it circulates back. Hydrofracking is being banned in more and more places. The public’s primary concerns are contamination of their drinking water and surface spills. The new proposed fracking method with propane gas will also contaminate aquifers. Fracking is being banned by countries, states and cities worldwide. A global ban has been proposed to the United Nations. The big “D” (Dallas) has just banned fracking this year. Aquarius will have you seeing green. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |07
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Surface Logging between Past and Future MUHAMED SAMIR
SLS TRAINING CENTER MANAGER - WEATHERFORD
For tens of years; surface logging had been stuck on a level of collecting geological samples and monitoring mud pits with no real participation in decision making in well life cycle. • Mud Logging : ₋₋ Description of rock samples. ₋₋ Hydrocarbon gas detection. ₋₋ Drilling efficiency and safety monitoring. ₋₋ kick detection. Recently new concepts and services were introduced to oil industry under the term «Advanced Surface Logging», where surface logging operators are part of the decision making and improvement during drilling a well. As the target during drilling is to hit the sweet spot with lower cost, and this could be reached with better resolution of drilled formation and chosen reservoir, with faster drilling and less hazards; which cause losses in money, time, and unfortunately sometimes lives. Weatherford and other leading companies in oil services providers market, started to push research and
Figure 1 – Reduced Reservoir Uncertainty
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development in the direction of covering the above points, some of many additional services are: • Advanced Gas Detection. ₋₋ Quantitative composition. • GC-TRACER™. • Mass spectrometer. ₋₋ Isotope logging. • Advanced Cuttings Characterization (Well site Geoscience Services). ₋₋ X-Ray Fluorescence. ₋₋ X-Ray Diffraction. ₋₋ Source Rock Analyzer. • Drilling Instrumentation. ₋₋ Electronic drilling recorder. ₋₋ Auto driller. • Well site Consulting. ₋₋ Well site geologists. ₋₋ Pore pressure specialists. • Real Time Data Services.
Just to consider how much hydrocarbon evaluation and interpretation is important to clients; a survey was conducted with different clients, and results were as in Figure 2. Taking one example of additional services for better gas detection; GC-Tracer™, which is a machine designed to extract and analyze gas samples taken from drilling fluid coming out of a well during drilling. Most of gas extraction methodologies depend on extracting gas from drilling fluid using agitation action which depends on a lot of variables such as drilling fluid rheology and temperature; hence sometimes amount of extracted gas varies for same drilled formation. With GC-Tracer™ ; extracting method depends on adsorption concept as the gas is adsorbed from mud on a semi-permeable layer that allows gas to pass to the detection machine while liquid is not allowed to pass (Figure 3).
Figure 2 – Gas data is the most important for most of potential clients to surface logging services
With this technology you’ll avoid all parameters affecting conventional methods of extraction, and keep your reading correlated with amount of gas in the drilled formation. Finally, to get why it’s important to measure gas coming from the drilled formation, it’s safe to say that you can qualitatively determine: • Gas/Oil/Water contacts • Oil API and gravity • Condensate zone • Reservoir saturation • Water bearing zone • Geosteering horizontal formations
Figure 3 – GC-Tracer™ Probe and concept of adsorption
Figure 4 – Different services to different situations
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Uncertainty capturing in reservoir modeling AHMED ABO HASHEM
SENIOR RESERVOIR ENGINEER - RWE DEA
Modern reservoir modeling is a multidisciplinary continuous process which aims to capture all reservoir related uncertainties. Integration of all available data from all sources is essential as it increases the solution space of a particular reservoir description. In this article one example of practical integrated reservoir modeling work flow is summarized to get the flavor of team approach in reservoir modeling. Deterministic reservoir modeling, which produces only one reservoir model, is no longer common approach in petroleum industry. The goal now is to produce multiple reservoir models, which cover all possible ranges of uncertainties from gigascopic (Seismic data) to microscopic (rock pore space). This requires a multidisciplinary team to be able to identify the key parameters and to quantify the uncertainty ranges related to it. It may sound easy and straight forward, but quantifying uncertainty ranges related to different parameters requires a lot of work, time, and resources, which are always limited. Here comes the role of the experience in continuously ranking parameters, and (sometimes) taking short cuts. Example of reservoir modeling work flow using seismic geostatistical inversion approach Seismic data are the only data that cover reservoir laterally. Normally, our first well drilled in certain reservoir will be planned based on the conclusions from seismic data and offset wells (if present). If elastic properties derived from seismic data like P-impedance for example show good correlation with sonic data obtained from wells, this indicates that it could be used to predict this correlated parameters laterally between wells. Then if these seismic parameters show correlation with reservoir rock properties 10| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
like porosity for example, we can have distribution of seismic derived porosity in three dimensions. Geostatistical inversion takes advance of this concept as it uses seismic derived parameters, which cover the whole reservoir laterally to produce multiple equiprobable models or realizations, which will match well data. Each of these realizations has different lithology (net to gross), Effective porosity, and Permeability distribution. It could be concluded that the previous part of the workflow only includes geophysicists and geologists, and I can say yes. 99% of the technical work at that part is done by geologists and geophysicists, who are trying to cover all geological uncertainties which may result in 50 to 80 realizations, but what if this solution space could be reduced at that stage to 20-30 realizations? Here comes the value of the integrated team when, for example, production data or pressure data acquired during well testing or while drilling suggest that no communication exists between two compartments or layers, so realizations contradicting that fact could be excluded from the beginning. Now we have number of static models that, hopefully, cover all reservoir static geological
uncertainties. At that stage, the contribution percentage changes towards petrophysisists and reservoir engineers. They start to determine flow units and rock types using well logs, routine core analysis (RCA), special core analysis (SCAL), production logs, and well tests. They start with ranking key parameters affecting the dynamic performance of the model, for example: end point saturations, and relative permeability from SCAL data. Then the next step is to use the lab data base to produce uncertainty range defined by minimum, mean, and maximum realizations of that particular property. This process takes some time but it’s very important to be able to capture uncertainty ranges. Now, we have multiple realizations for static models and multiple realizations for dynamic data from which, theoretically, we can produce enormous number of models inside our solution space ready for initialization. Practically, it’s recommended to start initializing a test model, which is thought to be somewhere between extremes of the realizations. Typically this is done against very preliminary and subjective criteria, but the aim is making sure that this model works. Since it’s impractical to have more than 20 working models used for history matching and prediction, models ranking process should be undertaken. The objective of this process is to select 3 models representing what is called «P10» (max), «P50» (mean), and «P90» (min) models (as shown in figure 1). Since we are referring to maximum, minimum, and mean we should first set the criteria of ranking. Ranking criteria are not unique, and vary based on business objective from the model, but usually the main parameters affecting the model dynamic behavior are initial hydrocarbon in place, aquifer size, water production behavior, and ultimate recovery against injection. History matching is done to the «P50» model, which is not expected to be always matching, and here comes the very important point. The classic theme was that the geologist delivered the model to the reservoir engineer, and it be-
Figure 1 - Representing maximum, mean and minimum models.
came his model proved not to be effective in 90% of the cases. It is acceptable that reservoir engineer could do some modifications as long as it’s not provoking the geological and petrophysical structure of the model. Here rises another big advantage of integrated team that it’s clear to the whole team where critical limits for modifications are. When «P50» model is showing clear deviation from the actual behavior during continuous history matching against production data and drilling new wells, «P10» and «P90» should be used to check if reality were inside our solution space. If we still inside that space, new ranking criteria should be done and new P50 should be used. If we were outside the solution space, this means that we couldn’t cover the whole uncertainty ranges of the critical parameters from the very beginning, and we have to revisit the first step and widen the uncertainty range. Because of this, the most important part of any integrated reservoir modeling exercise is finding all critical parameters, and making sure that they cover all uncertainty ranges. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |11
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Application of 3D static Reservoir Model for Prediction Pliocene Sand OSAMA MAHROUS
SENIOR GEOLOGIST - RWE COMPANY
Buselli Field is located about 20 km east of Abu Qir gas field and about 6 km south of Rosetta town, with area about 61.7275 km2 including Buselli -1x, El-Hessa ,Giddiya wells. It was drilled by Phillips Oil Company in 1970 The Buselli field is Tertiary structure in the lower Pliocene and middle Miocene, the lower Pliocene structure is three way faults and four way closures as a trapping mechanism. Abu Qir gas field was the analogue of Buselli field gas discovery, so the objective of this study was to test similar structure and stratigraphy trap. The first target was Abu Madi which was considered to have not only a well-defined well development in the north zone but also a great trapping possibility.
Figure 1- Location of the study area
The geological Results showed gas bearing sand in Kafr El-Sheikh Formation as a good secondary target if the first target (Abu Madi) failed. More work intensively in Buselli field through seismic acquisition, seismic interpretation, and geological study had given better evaluation and less exploration risks. The reservoir model had been constructed through examining all the available electric log characters and biostratigraphy, which helps in interpreting the depositional environment of a given reservoir. The final constructed reservoir model had a direct impact on the reservoir development and provided some exploration opportunities.
lation between faults in term of truncation. The model was completed after all faults had been represented by key Pillars (the key pillar build the framework of 3D structure model using the Corner point gridding method).
Input data and model database:
1- Seismic horizons and Faults As an input to this study seismic sequence stratigraphy technique used for picking and trace seismic reflectors (2.55SB, 2.50 TS, 2.09SB, 2.08TS, and 1.63MFS) was used to build 3D static model. In addition to seismic fault sticks, which were interpreted and imported in Petrel as ASCII format. These faults are named from fault-1 to fault-13, and are used to create structure fault model, which control the fluid flow across the faults. 14| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
Figure 2- input surfaces to static Model
2- Fault modelling The purpose of this step is to define geometry of each fault to be modelled; based on the fault sticks, which define the dip, azimuth, length and shape of fault planes. By means of key pillar, the fault model defines the re-
Figure 3- 3D structure model through the area of interest
3- 3D Grid Design (pillar gridding) Building the 3D geological cellular grids is based on the faults regardless of surfaces. Any update to the model -with respect to new horizons or new well logswill be done without repeating the fault modelling processes. 4- Well Facies Description Well logs were imported into the 3D modelling software. The following well logs were mainly used during the property modelling steps: GR, PHIE, VCL, SW, and RHOB. Other resistivity or density-based logs were sometimes used for visual checks. Facies log for the reservoir interval was created from the PHIE & VCL logs. To model the reservoir connectivity, a three code facies description (“FACIES”) was finally chosen with a well-defined cut-off and was defined as follows: • Channel Sand PHIE >= 0.2 and VCL <= 0.5 • Levee 0.10 > PHIE < 0.020 and VCL < 0.5 • Non-Reservoir PHIE < 0.10 or VCL > 0.5 The blocked well facies log for the El-Hessa well and busille-1x well is shown in figure 4.
Figure 5- RMS attributes defined the channel trend passing to discovery well
5- Deterministic seismic facies In order to model the channel morphology and even individual sub channels, RMS amplitude was proved accurately to predict the reservoir facies channel & levee sand with an appropriate cut-off and it is mainly based on visual interpretation and comparison with facies log available from Busille1x &El-Hessa wells logs. Facies Modeling Using SIS Guided By RMS volume Trend: It is a pixel-based facies modelling algorithm used to model facies without clear shape and boundary. At early stages of the project facies architecture, shapes, and dimensions may not be clearly understood. Pixel-based SIS can be used to generate the preliminary facies model. SIS allows a stochastic distribution of the property, using the input data distribution and variogram analysis.
6- Porosity Model Porosity was stochastically modelled within the channel sand and levee facies flow units. The porosity values modelled were derived from the blocked well porosity distributions. Cut-off values were applied to the porosity distributions during the data transformation sequence. Reservoir Facies Porosity Cut-offs Channel Sand Φ > 0.20 Levee 0.10 < Φ < 0.20 Porosity distribution cut-offs
Figure 7- stochastic Porosity modelled based on channel sand and levee facies
7- Volumetric calculation Using the result of static model the volumes were calculated.
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Figure 4- Stratigraphic Cross Section between Busille-1x &El-Hessa penetrated wells
Figure 6- Facies Modeling Using SIS Guided By RMS volume Trend
New upside potential exists in Buselli Field for Hydrocarbon production. By using static Reservoir model which will reduced the exploration risk associated with the fault, as most of faults are juxtaposed sealed , the reservoir modelling will be improved and define a proper FDP for the field.
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April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |15
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Alabaster SAHAR HASSAN GEOLOGIST - SCHLUMBERGER
Alabaster is a well-known name for interior designers, which is used in geology to describe two minerals. Alabaster in Ancient Egypt is used to describe the calcite “stalagmitic limestone”, while in medieval Europe it signifies gypsum. It is characterized by the creamy color and used to make vases and vessels since ancient time. In the modern world, Alabaster is mostly made of calcite and its color varies between white, creamy and pink and in some cases translucent. This type is common in Egypt and the Middle East. It is mainly manufactured by machines and called the oriental alabaster. The modern world now uses the alabaster in light chandelier manufacturing. Black alabaster is a rare type of alabaster, which only exists in three different countries around the world: Italy, China and Oklahoma. Ancient world civilizations used Alabastron Figure 1- Perfume jar from Tutankhamun’s tomb. “alabaster vessels” to hold perfumes and massage oils. In Ancient Egyptian civilization the word “Alabaster” used to refer to the ancient Egyptian goddess Bast “the goddess of cat”. A lot of Alabaster vases and perfume jars have been discovered in Tutankhamun’s tomb. From a geological standpoint, there are two minerals (stalagmitic limestone and gypsum) having the same name, but from a sculpture perspective, Alabaster is one of the beautiful stones used in decoration and vessels manufacturing since ancient time.
Figure 2- Statue of Osiris in black marble and alabaster, by Antoine-Guillaume Granjacquet (1731-1801).
The beauty of our planet has been discovered by civilizations and approved by the preserved temples, churches, mosques, and museums. The sense of art is the second face of the geology “the science of Earth”. The main similarity between geologists and sculptors is having different vision of nature from that of other people. 16| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
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Drilling Highly Reactive Clays with Water Based Silicate Mud MAHMOUD MERDAN
DRILLING FLUIDS ENGINEER - PICO ENERGY
Soluble Silicate based drilling fluid has been showing outstanding performance and proving great effectiveness in the past few decades since its introduction in the oil and gas well drilling industry. Silicate mud system is mainly used to drill wells which need strict inhibition of active clays but they are located in areas subjected to strong environmental regulations. This system uses silicate technology to get the benefits of invert mud system (Oil-Base-Mud) in drilling sensitive Figure 1- Natural silica ores shales, and at the same time to offer the environmental benefits of water base system. Silicate system provides high solids removal performance, very stable borehole, optimum inhibition characteristics and high penetration rates resulting in optimum non-productive times and cost reduction. Silica has two basic mechanisms in shale inhibition; which are Gelation and Precipitation (Stamatakis et al, 1995). Gelation occurs when the mud filtrate containing the soluble sodium silicate diffuses into the shale pore throats and becomes in direct contact with the shale pore fluid. The pore fluid mostly has a near neutral pH that causes a drop in the silicate filtrate pH allowing the growth and development of Silica gels (Iler, 1955). Instantaneously Precipitation takes place when these soluble additives react rapidly with the divalent cations (Ca2+ & Mg2+) -that exist Figure 2- white silica gel in the shale pore fluid or associated with the clay basal surfaces- to form insoluble precipitates by gelation which act as a barrier towards clay surface (Khodja et al, 2010). The mechanism of gelation & precipitation can seal the micro-fractured clays. Also, a good understanding of the shale pore fluid salinity is needed. It is very important to adjust the Sodium Silicate system salinity to balance or overbalance the shale fluid salinity so that the water activity of the Silicate mud can be manipulated and the osmotic flow of the water content can be promoted out of the shale particles (Van Oort et a, 1996). The Drilling Fluids Technology Department in PICO Energy offers the high performance and cost effective Silicate Mud System, instead of the environmentally restricted Oil base Mud in the area of Nile Delta, for drilling highly reactive shales of Kafr El-Sheikh formation in the Nile Delta that may extend to more than 800 meters of pure reactive shale with very strict sections of sand, for El-Mansoura Petroleum Company as the client. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |17
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Adsorbed Natural Gas Canister Assembly for Vehicular Transportation SAURAV SUMAN RATH
SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS - IIT KHARAGPUR
The difference of price between natural gas and gasoline is the prime factor deciding natural gas dominance in the future. The lower price should be able to compensate for undesirable factors associated with natural gas usage: • Including higher capital cost for both the vehicles and the refuelling infrastructure. • Reduced efficiency. • Reduced vehicle cargo space. • Increased vehicle weight. Comparison with other fuels ANG is more eco – friendly than gasoline in terms of carbon footprint, considering some assumptions: • Vehicular Transportation for 200 kilometres. • ANG is equivalent to CNG (In terms of composition. • Unsuccessful desorption of 30% of adsorbed methane. • Mileage of CNG vehicle = 18 km/Kg. • Density of gasoline varies from 0.71 to 0.77 kg/l. • Mileage of Gasoline vehicle = 12 km/L = 16.22 km/kg. Gasoline C6H6 + 7.5O2 6CO2 + 3H2O For 200 km, this requires 12.33 Kg which releases 41.73 Kg of CO2. Adsorbed Natural Gas CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2H2O For 200 km, this requires 11.11 Kg ANG which releases 30.55 Kg of CO2. Some advantages of ANG over CNG are discussed below: • ANG storage is possible at 35 bar, whereas CNG cylinders have pressure of about 100 bar. 18| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
• Thin walled cylinder can be used Lighter weight vehicles Better fuel economy. • Lighter and safer storage cylinder helps in the reduction of compressor and operating costs for filling. Choice of Adsorbent material There are different types of adsorbents like activated carbons, porous crystalline solids and polymer networks. Activated Carbon Fibres Activated carbon fibres (ACFs) are highly microporous solids of large micro pore volume and great surface area. The ACFs consist of small graphite crystals. Porous Crystalline Solids Porous crystalline solids consist of secondary building units (SBUs) which assemble to form a periodic and porous framework. Suitable Adsorbent Considering economics, feasibility and reliability of the project for using ANG as fuel in vehicles, Activated Carbons Fibres (ACFs) are the most suitable adsorbents. ACFs are not only cost effectively, but also satisfy the USDOE targets. The best suitable adsorbent for the canister would be ACF 480 with the following properties: mean pore size of 1.07 (greater than 0.8) and Volumetric System Energy Density of 170.65 g/L (well above USDOE target of 118 g/L). The total cost for the material adds up to USD 27 for 25.37 Kg of carbon.
Description of ANG Storage System The amount of adsorbent material = 25.37 kg with a bulk density of 0.35 g/L. The volume of tank is 75 L., so the dimensions of the tank are taken such that 26kg (75 L) of adsorbent material can be accommodated. Materials used for the tank The materials used in our canister assembly design are Extruded Aluminium as the base structure and Stainless Steel (304 grade) to counter elastic deformation. The structure of the tank is given in Figure 1.
Figure 1– Canister Assembly.
Design Parameters The Von Mises Stress Analysis (N/ m2) for a yield strength of 1.52 x 108 for the assembly is shown is Fig.2. The stress diagram shows that even with the application of maximum pressure of 35 bar, the canister can sustain the pressure without any deformation.
Figure 2- Stress analysis of canister at 35 bar.
With an increase in flow rate during charging, the temperature rises and charging time decreases. The graph for flow rate in X-axis vs. charging time (min) and rise in temperature (deg C) in Y-axis is shown in Fig. 3.
Figure 3 – Flow rate (L/min) Vs. Temperature (deg C) and Charging time (min).
Characteristics of the canister design • The features of the canister assembly are: »» The design is modular for easy assembling and welding. »» Partitions are given to improve thermal dissipation properties. »» The tank has multi-layered walls to accommodate all possible variations. »» There are semi-circular surfaces on both the ends to reduce pressure at the joints. • The advantages of using Aluminium: »» Low thermal expansion coefficient, which Lower the degree of deformation at elevated temperatures. »» Low density, which decreases the weight of canister. »» High thermal conductivity. • The layer of Stainless Steel (Grade : 304) is given to counter large elastic deformations. • Adsorbent material can be accommodated inside the tank in the form of small blocks. • The flat surfaces help in reducing the pressure at individual points when the tank is placed on a flat surface. • The outer layer of tank has a Matte finish to facilitate good radiation properties.
Figure 4 – Process of External Recirculation and Jacketed Canister Assembly
Economic Analysis of Canister Assembly The canister assembly consists of 3 main parts: • Base material made of Extruded Aluminium • Layer of Stainless Steel (304 Grade) • Activated Carbon Fibre (ACF 480) Technical bottlenecks envisaged during the implementation of ANG technology Refuelling of Natural Gas Adsorption being exothermic, refuelling of natural gas increases temperature of carbon bed. Experiments have shown the increase of temperature by 55 degree Celsius, which reduces the capacity of storage by 25% with respect to an isothermal charge. The mitigation of this problem is done by the process of External Recirculation (shown in Fig. 4). The method is used to remove the heat of adsorption to facilitate storage capacity of methane. Firstly, natural gas passes through the compressor pump and guard bed, where it gets filtered and pressurised up to 35 bar. As soon as it is adsorbed, heat is released which results in the unsuccessful desorption of an amount of gas. This gas is directed through an external heat exchanger. With
water as the cooling liquid, the heat absorbed by natural gas is released and is again sent for refuelling. The process of recirculation continues till the tank gets filled up. Delivery of natural gas Desorption of gas, which decrease the temperature, leads to an increase in residual amount of gas (decrease in net deliverable capacity). The exhaust gas expelled out of the engine has a high temperature. The process of desorption is enhanced by increasing temperature. So, employing the heat content of exhaust gas by the help of jacketed canister assembly is economical. The canister assembly has been shown in Fig. 4. The process also has an advantage of reducing the temperature of expelled natural gas released into the environment. High cost of ANG technology The high cost of developing and certifying a new ANG model is also a significant hurdle to broadening ANG options for on‐road and off‐road applications. The narrowing of this gap can be done by offering cost‐sharing incentives to OEMs for natural gas engine integration, leading to more chassis options for existing engines. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |19
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Modern Decline Curve Analysis for Oil Fields FADY MAGDY HENEIN
GRADUATE OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING - THE BRITISH UNIVERSITY IN EGYPT The more the technology becomes advanced, the more the analysis & results also become in a high definition with easier way to understand. In the past years, most of the world’s oil companies have known that all the easy oil productions have been discovered & finished. Pressure transient data can be expensive and often not available for all wells, while production data is routinely available from producing wells. Petroleum engineers found a mathematical method that can anticipate how much time (years mostly) the well or a reservoir will be alive with its production. It is the prediction for the future production among upcoming years; this method is called Decline Curve Analysis (DCA). This method of prediction provides the oil companies with information about how much reserve can be produced from the reservoir? What is the lifetime of this well (or group of wells) under natural production through the current technology and economics? Is the models used for decline curve analysis these days are accurate enough to be used? When can secondary and tertiary recovery methods be used? Many types of models have been modified for many situations of the reservoirs and wells. However; the last two comparison topics show the different advanced decline curve analysis models used for ordinary and tight shale rock reservoirs. There are models that are created, but with high error percentage. On the other hand, there are newly modified models with higher efficiency that can be used for future projects without losing accuracy and certainty. A unified model should be created and modified to be used in all cases of wells or reservoirs. In the modern life now we have many decline curve analysis models that are created & maybe used in many cases according to the reservoir type & behaviour. More models are also created according to the reservoir characteristics or in pure mathematical model representing the decline cure behaviour in accurate way. In this research paper, four models will be discussed and presented for the decline curve analysis along with an in-detailed comparison for prediction and model fitting, besides a newly modified model by the authors with its verification study. The paper will include MBAL software application results and FORTRAN programing language for the four Models. Three models are used to check their verification; Arps Exponential Decline Model, Orstrand-Weng Model and Generalized Model. Another Model is modified by the authors entitled (F-T) Model that is determined as a combination between Arps Hyperbolic Model and the Orstrand-Weng T^m Factor. It can be explained as modification of Orstrand-Weng model to hyperbolic form with two curve tuning parameters to fit the history curve than the used exponential form. Five case studies are used to check the verification of the four models and check which one has the best fitting with history data and well-known prediction data. Error analysis is done for the deviation from the real case point, the real data is filtered from unnecessary outrange points as well. The first case study is a field case study provided by the Production Operators to DECC using the UK PPRS «Petroleum Production Reporting System» for ALBA Field UK. The field began production on 1994 and a history is provided to 2013. Part of the history data is assigned as history and the other part is used to determine accuracy and have verification on the different decline curve theories. Models are applied on the history that starts from January 2003 to July 2006 to predict the reservoir 20| SCOPE MAGAZINE April 2015
performance until the production rate reaches 3000 M3/month. Analysis will be shown for the models in the next figures. Arps Exponential Model Qi and Di can be determined on semi log paper for Q versus time and having the linear intersection to y-axis whic h indicates Qi and the slope indicates Di for decline region where Qi = 2000000 M3/ month and Di = 0.013 /month (decline rate).
Figure 1 – Arps Model Fitting (Case 1)
Arps exponential Model shows a deflection in history matching with an average error of 15.6 %, and a future performance range with an average error % of 6.9 %. This deflection is high and will lead to false prediction and then to unreal reserve estimation. This model indicates that the abandonment time is in September 2035 as production rate reached 3000 M3/month. Weng Model For Weng Model «m» is known as a trial and error parameter that helps to fit the curve, it is given for this case a value of -0.03 and a graph is drawn between q/(t(m)) versus time, by using the semi log graph, A and B are indicated where A= 2000000 and B= 0.013.
Figure 2 – Weng Model Fitting (Case 1)
Error is shown in history matching with an average value of 0.1 % and a future performance range with an average error percentage of 8.75 %. This deflection is not too high but will lead to false prediction and then to unreal reserve estimation. This model indicates that the abandonment time is in June 2034 (at 3000M3/mon). This shows a better fitting than Arp’s exponential equation but still underestimating. G-Model For generalized model, “b” (decline exponent) is a trial and error parameter that helps to fit the curve. The last point on the past performance (qi) is used in the equation to represent the beginning of the future performance; a corrected Di is calculated and used as well. Error is shown in history matching
ing with history and prediction will have perfect estimation. This model indicates that the abandonment time is in November 2040 (at 3000 M3/mon). This model has a perfect fit with history and known prediction data that it has high reliability. “b” with value of 0.05 indicates that the curve tends to be exponential but still in the hyperbolic range of curvature. The model can be reliable for prediction and reserve estimation. Figure 3 - G-Model Fitting (Case 1)
with an average error 1.7 % and a future performance range with an average error percentage of 1 %. This model has a good match with history, but sometimes for long prediction will have overestimate-regions. The model indicates that the abandonment time is in April 2042 (at 3000 M3/mon). The model has a perfect fitting in history and known prediction data showing high percentage of reliability. “b” with value of 0.07 indicates that the curve is tending to be exponential but still in the hyperbolic range of curvature. F-T Model For F-T model, “b” (decline exponent) and “m” (Weng parameter) are trial and error parameters that help to fit the curve. Where Qi and Di are used form Arps model. Error is shown in history matching
Comparison between the Models It is clear that the best fit models are the generalized Model and F-T Model with the lowest error for history and for known prediction as they can be reliable for accurate prediction. Arps exponential Model shows a great deflection than the other models as well as Weng model, which shows the most pessimistic abandonment time and reserve estimation. MBAL software application is used also for this data and the results indicated that Prediction case for hyperbolic decline curve has ended at 1/12/2053 for this field with abandonment production rate of 3000 M3/mon.
Figure 5 – History Fitting Comparison (Case 1)
Figure 4 – F-T Model Fitting (Case 1)
with an average error 0.9 % and a future performance range with an average error % of 0.07 %. This model has a perfect match-
At last, in this research a complete mathematical & physical comparison is done between the four models on the five case studies in details, clearing the errors & source of weakness for the 4 models along with its effect on the results. Verifications of the models that are used to put a number set for future plans for any company is very important for reserves & future production profile of the oil & gas companies (& maybe countries), which is standing on a right formula stating their oil/ gas production future, which will change people’s life & the future of the whole industry. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |21
EAGE Anniversary
Oil Tech
We started Our New Season with Extra-Ordinary Celebration “EAGE Anniversary” Sponsored by Our Academic Sponsor “Weatherford“. EAGE Anniversary included Four Session about Surface Logging Presented by Eng.Mohamed Samir ”Weatherford Training Center Manager” and Eng. Mohamed Bekheet “Weatherford QHSE Manager”. It also included a Presentation about EAGE international and how to get its benefits by EAGE SU SC Secretary.
One of our mega events, which really contributed to our stature, was oil tech which was held on Saturday 7th of March at El Ma’adi with five effective sessions presented by Baker Hughes, Schlumberger and RWE. The sessions were about: MWD and LWD (Eng. Marwan Hany), Cementing (Eng. Khaled Hashem), Safety (Eng. Abdel-Salam Yassin), Imaging Technology (Eng. Sahar Hassan) and Reservoir engineering (Eng. Ahmed Abo-Hashem)
Qarun Course « Well Completion and Well Logging»
Halliburton Drilling Club
We made a deal with one of the big national companies in Egypt «Qarun Company» to give us a Full Course about « Well Completion and Well logging » Presented by Eng. Mahmoud Ali . Qarun Course started from 2/11 to 1/12 with two sessions per week.
Our academic sponsor, Halliburton, had provided us with two professional instructors: Eng. Ezz Ibrahim (Halliburton LWD Field Engineer) and Eng. Ahmed Abdel Naby (Halliburton Surface Data Logging Engineer).in addition to, the presence of Dr. Diaab Saad (Halliburton Directional Drilling Manager).
Injaz Self-Development Course «Steer Your Career» «Steer Your Career» Course was a soft-skills course (presented by Dr. Doaa El-Bakry), which includes: Leaderships, Presentation & Time Management skills. The course took place for 3 consecutive days with five hours of workshops per day.
Dana Gas Day
Weatherford Lab Visit
Dana day was held on Saturday, 14th of March, at engineers syndicate at Ramses square. This event really had left a mark with all the attendees, as some important issues were discussed such as: production logging tools (Eng. Mohamed Abdel-Wahab), Water shut off techniques (Eng. Mohamed Abdel-Salam) and Drilling (Ahmed Diab-Drilling Engineer at Shell).
There is no doubt that Weatherford is one of the leading companies in Oil & Gas industry, that’s what made us so proud to be working in conjunction with it to bring «7 opportunities» for Visiting Weatherford LAB on Thursday 12/3/2015. The students were able to do all the LAB TESTS by themselves and be with Weatherford surface logging team.
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The National Oil & Gas Forum (The Green Peak)
Pico Safety School
Pico International Petroleum Company had provided EAGE SU SC with HSE School, which was held on 13th of December 2014 for 30 students under supervision of Eng. Yasser Galal Eldin - Senior HSE Engineer.
Winter Reservoir Club The school was held on 2 consecutive days (6th and 7th of February 2015) with the attendance of 60 students from all over Egypt. The course was instructed by Eng. Mohamed Mahmoud - Senior Reservoir Engineer at Sahara Oil and Gas Company. This conference was one of our remarkable footsteps in the way of prosperity. During the event we welcomed Different presenters: • Eng. Mohamed Galal (Directional Drilling manager at Halliburton). • Eng. Hesham Hassan (Geology Engineer BG). • Eng. Ahmed Zyad (Drilling Engineer at Shell). • Eng. Abdel el Salam Yassin (HSE specialist at Baker Hughes Middle east). Our Forum took place at EL-Rehab city Conference Centre on 13th of December 2014. The forum duration was from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM. The number of attendees exceeded 100 students from different colleges and universities in Egypt.
EMEC Mud Course EAGE SU SC invited More than 70 student From Different Universities to take a mud short course for 12 Hours including a lot of sessions provided by Eng. Ahmed Abo-Bakr - EMEC Mud Engineer.
Geosteering Technology Session A session presented by Eng. Mohamed Farghaly - Wellsite Operations Geologist and Geosteerer at Qatar Petroleum Company, attended by more than 70 students
West Bakr Field Trip
Saudi Aramco Day
As our aim is to bridge the gap between the theoretical study and its application in the Oil & Gas industry, EAGE Suez chapter - through its PR section - managed to organize a Field trip to “West Bakr Oil Company” for 10 Students on 11th December 2014.
This amazing day took place on Saturday, 21st of March at engineers syndicate at Ramses square bringing a lot of important information through many sessions debating effective topics including Drilling Operation, Mud logging techniques and applications and Geological data interpretation. April 2015 SCOPE MAGAZINE |23
77th EAGE Conference & Exhibition
MADRID 2015 Student Programme
Student Programme includes: • • • • •
Field trip FIELD Challenge EAGE Geo-Quiz Student evening Motivational speeches
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Short courses Trial interviews Exhibition tours Student poster sessions • Recruitment Café • Student Challenge
1-4 June 2015 www.eage.org/event/madrid-students-2015 Student Programme Sponsored By:
WWW.EAGE.ORG