Indian Diet Chart for Diabetes, Hypertension & Coronary Artery Disease
Patient: Mr. Rakesh Sharma | Age: 51 years | Weight: 80 kg | BMI: 30 Conditions: Post-MI, Triple Vessel Disease,
Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension
by Raghu C
Nutritional Goals
Primary Objectives:
Achieve and maintain BMI < 25 kg/m² (target weight: 70 kg)
HbA1c < 7% for diabetes management
Blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg
LDL cholesterol < 70 mg/dL post-MI
Sodium intake < 2000 mg/day
Daily Caloric Distribution:
Total Calories: 1800-2000 kcal/day (for weight loss)
Carbohydrates: 45-50% (complex carbs, low GI)
Proteins: 20-25% (lean sources)
Fats: 25-30% (MUFA/PUFA emphasis, <7% saturated fat)
Fiber: 25-30 grams/day
Daily Meal Plan - Morning to Mid-day
Early Morning (6:00 AM)
1 glass warm water with ½ teaspoon lemon juice
5-6 soaked almonds (remove skin)
Breakfast (7:30-8:00 AM)
Option 1:
2 medium whole wheat chapati with 1 tsp ghee
½ cup vegetable daliya (broken wheat upma)
1 cup low-fat buttermilk (unsalted)
1 small apple or guava
Mid-Morning (10:30 AM)
1 cup green tea (no sugar) or coconut water
4-5 roasted groundnuts or 1 small orange
Option 2:
1 bowl oats porridge made with low-fat milk
1 tsp mixed nuts and seeds (walnuts, flaxseeds)
1 cup fresh seasonal fruit (except mango, grapes)
Daily
Meal Plan
- Afternoon to Night
Lunch (12:30-1:00 PM)
1 medium whole wheat chapati (no ghee)
½ cup brown rice or quinoa
1 cup mixed vegetable curry (minimal oil)
½ cup dal (moong/masoor/arhar)
1 cup fresh salad (cucumber, tomato, carrots, onion)
1 tsp olive oil for cooking
Small bowl low-fat curd
Evening Snack (4:00-4:30 PM)
Option 1:
1 cup herbal tea (tulsi/ginger)
1 small bowl sprouts chaat with lemon and minimal salt
Dinner (7:00-7:30 PM)
1 medium whole wheat chapati
1 cup clear vegetable soup
1 cup sabzi (non-starchy vegetables)
½ cup dal or 50g grilled fish/chicken (2-3 times/week)
Mixed green salad with lemon dressing
Bedtime (9:30 PM)
1 cup warm low-fat milk with ¼ tsp turmeric
Option 2:
6-8 roasted makhana (fox nuts)
1 small pear or apple
Food Recommendations
Highly Recommended Foods:
Cereals & Grains:
Whole wheat, brown rice, oats, quinoa, barley, ragi
Daliya (broken wheat), jowar, bajra
Proteins:
Moong dal, masoor dal, chana dal
Low-fat paneer (twice weekly)
Fish (pomfret, rohu, sardines)
Lean chicken breast (skinless)
Egg whites
Fruits (Portion Control):
Apple, guava, papaya, orange, pear
Berries (strawberry, blackberry)
Pomegranate (small portions)
Vegetables (Unlimited):
Leafy greens (spinach, methi, sarson)
Bottle gourd, ridge gourd, bitter gourd
Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, okra
Cucumber, tomato, bell peppers
Fats:
Olive oil, mustard oil (limited quantities)
Walnuts, almonds (5-6 pieces daily)
Flaxseeds, chia seeds
Foods to Limit and Special Recommendations
Foods to Limit:
High Sodium Foods:
Pickles, papad, namkeen
Processed foods, canned items
Restaurant food, street food
High Sugar/High GI Foods:
White rice, maida products
Sweets, mithai, sugar
Banana, mango, grapes, chikoo
Special Recommendations
For Diabetes Management:
Eat every 2-3 hours to prevent hypoglycemia
Include protein/fiber with each meal
Monitor blood glucose regularly
Prefer low glycemic index foods
For Heart Health:
Include omega-3 rich foods (fish, walnuts, flaxseeds)
Emphasize antioxidant-rich foods (colorful vegetables)
Avoid trans fats completely
Practice portion control
For Hypertension:
Use herbs and spices instead of excess salt
Include potassium-rich foods (banana in small amounts, orange)
Avoid processed and canned foods
Limit caffeine intake
High Saturated Fat:
Full-fat dairy, ghee (>1 tsp/day)
Red meat, organ meat
Fried foods, samosa, pakora
Cooking Methods and Hydration
Cooking Methods
Preferred:
Steaming
Boiling
Grilling
Baking
Sautéing with minimal oil
Hydration Guidelines
8-10 glasses of water daily
Herbal teas: Tulsi, ginger, green tea
Fresh lime water (without sugar)
Coconut water (1 glass daily)
Weekly Menu Variations
Non-Vegetarian (3 times/week):
Fish curry with minimal coconut
Grilled chicken breast
Egg white vegetable omelet
Avoid:
Deep frying
Excessive oil
Heavy tempering
Vegetarian Alternatives:
Soybean curry
Sprouted moong dal
Low-fat paneer preparations
Monitoring and Important Notes
Monitoring Parameters
Weekly:
Body weight
Blood pressure (home monitoring)
Blood glucose (fasting & post-prandial)
Important Notes
Medication Timing
Take medications as prescribed, especially before meals
Monthly:
HbA1c (every 3 months)
Lipid profile
Kidney function tests
Exercise Coordination
Have a small snack if exercising for >45 minutes
Stress Management
Practice meditation, adequate sleep (7-8 hours)
Travel/Social Events
Plan ahead, carry healthy snacks
Regular Follow-up
Nutritionist consultation every 4-6 weeks
Prepared for medical consultation and patient education. Adjust portions based on individual tolerance and response.