Coelacanth Fish Fossils † Mawsonia Woodward, 1907

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Coelacanth Fish Fossils † Mawsonia Woodward, 1907 1907 ، ‫أحافير سمكة ال ُجمبيزة من جنس ماوسونيا ُوودوورد‬ By : Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Mostafa Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa

Various Coelacanths compared to one another: a) Mawsonia, b) Latimeria chalumnae, c) Latimeria menadoensis. https://www.jurassic-dreams.com/blogs/jurassic-dreams-the-fossils-blog/thelost-coelacanth

† Mawsonia is an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth fish, and the largest of this group, up to several meters long. It lived during the Cretaceous period (Albian and Cenomanian stages, about 99 to 112 million years ago). Fossils have been found in the Tegana and Aoufous Formations of Morocco, the Continental Intercalaire Formation of Algeria and Tunisia and the Ain el Guettar Formation of Tunisia, North Africa and the Bahia Group and Alcântara and Missão Velha Formations of Brazil, South America.

Mawsonia was first described by British palaeontologist Arthur Smith Woodward in 1907 (Wikipedia).

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Coelacanth Mawsonia gigas. Photo by Ryan Somma. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ideonexus/16066555775

Name: Mawsonia (named after J. Mawson).

Named By: Arthur Smith Woodward, 1907.

Species : Mawsonia brasiliensis Yabumoto, 2002; Mawsonia gigas Woodward, 1907 (type); Mawsonia lavocati Tabaste, 1963; Mawsonia minor Woodward, 1908; Mawsonia libyca Weiler, 1935; Mawsonia soba Brito, 2018; Mawsonia tegamensis Wenz, 1975; Mawsonia ubangiensis Casier, 1961 (Wikipedia).

Diet: Carnivore.

Size: Up to 4 meters long, though isolated fossils suggest that rare individuals may have grown slightly up to 6 meters in length and 600 kg in weight (Jurassic Dreams).

Known locations: Fossils are mostly known from across North Africa and South America. Individual countries known to include Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Brazil.

Time period: Cretaceous.

Fossil representation: Numerous specimens ranging from partial remains to a few almost complete individuals. Fossils of the skull bones seem to be most common (Prehistoric Wildlife).

Coelacanths are one of the few creatures that typify animal life in the Mesozoic that are still alive today. Modern coelacanths are represented by the genus Latimeria that live in Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 174 – June 2019

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the deep waters of the Indian Ocean, the largest examples of which are known to easily attain lengths of two meters. Back in the early Cretaceous however these fish would have been small fry, with impressively large coelacanths of the Mawsonia genus reaching lengths of up to six meters, triple that of the largest observed Latimeria.

Because of their large size, Mawsonia are rarely preserved complete, and specimens which are preserved, are usually of smaller individuals under three meters. Skull bones are usually the most common specimens of Mawsonia due to the greater bone density increasing the likelihood of those parts surviving long enough to fossilize.

Mawsonia like other coelacanths were probably predatory fish that would cruise over the sea floor snatching up fish and larger invertebrates that were sheltering in crevices amongst rocks and coral. We do not know for certain however if Mawsonia were nocturnal like the Latimeria coelacanths that we know today. Interestingly, Mawsonia may have been more inclined to stray into shallower waters than what Latimeria are known to. This is because most of the fossil bearing formations that Mawsonia are known from were estuarine and mangrove habitats back in the early Cretaceous.

When fully grown to such a large size, Mawsonia may have had few predators, though larger sharks, pliosaurs and perhaps even spinosaurid dinosaurs, may have still been potential dangers for Mawsonia (Prehistoric Wildlife).

Various Coelacanths compared to one another. http://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/m/mawsonia.html

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Mawsonia. https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawsonia#/media/File:Ricostruzione_museale_di_Mawsonia.J PG

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Seller: Antoniom2037. https://www.ebay.com/itm/COELACANTH-fish-fossil-TriasMadagascar-size-28-X-12-cm-CO32/183369034681?hash=item2ab1a56bb9%3Ag%3AdPUAAOSwL7dba%7E%7EW&_sac at=0&_nkw=coellacanth+madagascar&_from=R40&rt=nc&_trksid=m570.l1313 Edkins, Georgia (09.08.2018). Daily Mail. 'Living fossil' fish that outlived the dinosaurs Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 174 – June 2019

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could be killed off by plastic in our oceans, after one is found choked to death by a crisp packet. www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6041523/Fish-outlived-dinosaurs-chokeddeath-crisp-packet.html Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). Macropomoides. http://eol.org/pages/10648844/details Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). Roundhead Roundtail Lebanon Coelacanth († Macropoma libanus Khalaf, 2015). http://eol.org/collections/114210 Erdmann, Mark V. (April 1999). "An Account of the First Living Coelacanth known to Scientists from Indonesian Waters". Environmental Biology of Fishes. Springer Netherlands. 54 (#4): 439–443.

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Two quadrate bones of the Cretaceous Coelacanth Mawsonia lavocati. Both are unique pieces that were discovered together, and therefore must belong to the same individual. Location: Ouzina, Kem Kem Basin, Ifezouane Formation, Yellow Sandstones beds, South Morocco, 175 mm, 331 gram . Upper Cretaceous. Cenomanian stage. https://www.jurassicdreams.com/products/00903-museum-grade-association-of-2-rare-mawsonia-coelacanthquadrate-bones-fossil-for-sale

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http://de.groups.yahoo.com/group/Quastenflosser/ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2005). Aquatica Arabica. An Aquatic Scientific Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1980 - 2005 / Aquatica Arabica. Eine Aquatische Wissenschaftliche Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1980 - 2005. ISBN 300-014835-3. Erste Auflage / First Edition, August 2005: 376 Seiten / Pages. SelfPublisher: Norman Ali Khalaf, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://dr-norman-ali-khalafbooks.webs.com/aquaticaarabica.htm & eBook: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/59407769/book-aquatica-arabica-anaquatic-scientific-journey-in-palestine-arabia-and-europe-between-1980-2005-bynorman-ali-khalaf-von-jaffa-2005 & eBook: https://joom.ag/nN6L Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2005). The Coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) in the Science and Natural History Museum, State of Kuwait. In : Aquatica Arabica. An Aquatic Scientific Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1980 - 2005 / Aquatica Arabica. Eine Aquatische Wissenschaftliche Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1980 - 2005. ISBN 3-00-014835-3. Erste Auflage / First Edition, August 2005, pp. 110-117. Self-Publisher: Norman Ali Khalaf, Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland & Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

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ISSN 0178 – 6288. Number 107, November 2013, Muharram 1435 AH. pp. 30-38. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://quastenflosser.webs.com/macropomoidespalaestina.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Taxon Profile: Species Palestine Coelacanth Macropomoides palaestina Khalaf, 2013. BioLib. Biological Library. http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id1075889/ Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 174 – June 2019

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Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 - 6288. Number 113, May 2014, Rajab 1435 AH. pp. 1-26. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://quastenflosser.webs.com/macropomoidesorientalis.htm & https://de.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Quastenflosser/conversations/messages/ 101 & https://issuu.com/dr-normanalibassamkhalaf/docs/coelacanth_in_lebanon Khalaf-von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2014). Fauna Palaestina – Part Four.

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Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 - 6288. Number 122, February 2015. pp. 12–27. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://animals-oflebanon.webs.com/ & https://de.groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/Quastenflosser/conversations/messages/ 114 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2015). Plants and Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 174 – June 2019

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Haywanat Falastin (Fauna of Palestine) ‫ حيوانات فلسطين‬. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Number 144, December 2016, pp. 1-18. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (In Arabic). http://animals-of-palestine-2.webs.com/fauna-ofpalestine-arabic Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Mostafa (March 2019). Oriental Coelacanth Fish Fossil († Macropomoides orientalis Woodward, 1942) from the Middle Cenomanian Strata, Sannine Limestone, Hajoula, Lebanon. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Volume 37, Number 171, March 2019, pp. 1-15. Published by the Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and Media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine. https://animals-oflebanon.webs.com/macropomoides-orientalis Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Mostafa (April 2019). Indonesian Coelacanth Fish (Latimeria menadoensis Pouyaud et al. 1999) with Plastic Trash in its Stomach. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Volume 37, Number 172, April 2019, pp. 1-14. Published by the Prof. Dr. Norman Ali Khalaf Department for Environmental Research and Media, National Research Center, University of Palestine, Gaza, State of Palestine. https://coelacanth-latimeria.webs.com/ Khalaf-Prinz Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher Mohammad Ahmad Mostafa (May 2019). Coelacanth Fish Fossil † Whiteia woodwardi Moy-Thomas, 1935 from Ambilobe, Madagascar / Quastenflosser Fossil † Whiteia woodwardi Moy-Thomas, 1935 aus Ambilobe, Madagaskar. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Volume 37, Number 173, May 2019, pp. 1-15.

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