2012/06/19 P2 presentation by Dion van Dijk

BRAINPORTâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S LIFE CYCLE

spatial strategy to facilitate the life cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy

Dion van Dijk 4023382 P2 presentation June 19, 2012 1st mentor 2nd mentor

Drs. H.J. Rosenboom Spatial Planning and Strategy Ir. J.A. Westrik Urban Compositions

Posad Spatial Strategies

Faculty of Architecture Department of Urbanism Urban Regeneration

Table of contents

1 Introduction 2 Theoretical framework 3 Analysis 4 Conceptual solutions

INTRODUCTION

Groningen

Amsterdam

Utrecht

The Hague

Rotterdam

Breda

Den Bosch Tilburg

Antwerp Mechelen

Gent

Brussels

Leuven

Helmond

Duisburg

Eindhoven Dusseldorf Cologne

Dortmund

1906 company town Eindhoven

1914 Philipsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; physics laboratory at Strijp

1928 construction of Philipsdorp

1928 establishment of automobile and truck manufacturer DAF by van Doorne family

1966 construction of Evoluon

1980s deindustrialisation caused the loss of lots of jobs at Philips and DAF

early 1990s reinvention of Eindhoven based on technological innovation

21th century Eindhoven as the technology node of the Netherlands

2004 appointment of Brainport status by Dutch cabinet in â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Pieken in de Deltaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

brainport

airport

seaport

18%

25%

population

foreign researchers investments

Netherlands 18% population

35%

45%

54%

export

private R&D

patents

Southeast of the Netherlands

source: Brainport Development, 2011 35% 45% 54%

25%

26%

foreign researchers investments

18%

26%

25%

26%

export

35%

private R&D

45%

54%

patents

BRAINPORT â&#x20AC;&#x153;The non-geographical defined network of research and development related industries, universities, institutes and campuses in the south-east of the Netherlands, concentrated around the cities of Eindhoven and Helmondâ&#x20AC;? Oss

Waalwijk

Den Bosch

Uden

Tilburg Breda

Venray

Eindhoven

Helmond

high tech systems & materials automotive Venlo

lifetech food design Weert

Roermond

Ambition

9th

1-3th

top technology centre in 2020 source: Brainport Development, 2011

13th

1-10th

top technology centre in 2020

Doubling current amount of knowledge workers, â&#x20AC;&#x153;workers generating innovation by conducting research and development activitiesâ&#x20AC;? (Marlet, 2009)

Attraction of knowledge workers business climate

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Talented people do not simply select a place to work based on the highest salary (...) they do not slavishly following jobs to places, but are typically concerned with a whole series of placebased characteristicsâ&#x20AC;? (Florida, 2002)

Attraction of knowledge workers people climate

Stars Amsterdam, Munich, Helsinki, Stockholm, Dublin Pearls Leuven, Leiden

strong progress

Position in knowledge economy

non-metropolitan

source: van Winden et al., 2007

weak progress

metropolitan Metropoles in transition Rotterdam, Manchester, Dortmund

Star Nicheplayer Eindhoven

Intellectuals Munster, Groningen Nicheplayers in transition Aachen, Enschede

Position in knowledge economy â&#x20AC;&#x153;A Star Nicheplayer has an advantage in terms of knowledge and economic base, but a clear disadvantage in terms of urban scale. It puts these cities in a weaker position to attract human capital and therefore also the growth of existing and attracting of (new) innovative companies. And since medium and provincial cities cannot hope to become metropolitan areas at short notice, they need to look for other ways to compensate its scale disadvantages to increase its innovative capacity for the strengthening of its position in the knowledge economy.â&#x20AC;? (van Winden et al., 2007)

University for attracting talent

Life cycle of development

Creative workshop

extrovert

Creative environments based on the degree it needs a supportive environment

Incubator / breeding place

source: Saris and Modder, 2005

market

introvert

experiment

Transactional environment

Place of production

DEVELO F O E L PM C Y C E E NT F I L

FO R

INN T S OVATIVE INDU

S E RI

Problem statement

Monofunctional business and science parks Lack of variety of creative environments

De Hurk

High Tech Science Park

Scale disadvantage

In 1997, the headquarter of Philips in Eindhoven ...

... moved to Amsterdam because of - wanted to be positioned in countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic centre - proximity to Schiphol airport with better air connections - top employees prefered living in Amsterdam more than in provincial town Eindhoven (Volkskrant, 1997)

Societal relevance

Scientific relevance

business and people climate to strengthen a city and regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position in the knowledge economy

life cycle of development for innovative industries

Project aim spatial strategy to facilitate the life cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy

Main research question What spatial strategy can facilitate the life cycle of development for innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy?

SECTION method

Methodology

(expected) ďŹ nal product

1 PROJECT DEFINITION main research question What spatial strategy can facilitate the life cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy?

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

sub-research question 1 What spatial conditions are on what scale level determinative for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

project aim

5 DESIGN

research questions

NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN sub-research question 3 What spatial characteristics stimulate innovation for companies in the start-up phase of development in the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

CITY STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

sub-research question 2 To what extent does the Brainport region meet the requirements in the knowledge economy and how can these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries? SWOT analysis at the three scale levels on the factors derived from theoretical framework, supported with case studies

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

SECTION method

(expected) ďŹ nal product

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

project aim

5 DESIGN

research questions

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

CITY STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

SECTION method

fe hen in

(expected) ďŹ nal product

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

sub-research question 1aim sub-research question 1 project What spatial conditions are on what scale level determinaWhat spatial conditions on what scale level determinative for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge researchare questions 5 DESIGN economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle tive for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge of development for innovative industries? NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN sub-research question 3 economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle literature review: linking overview of the determiWhat spatial characteristics stimulate theory of spatial conditions native factors per scale innovation for companies in the start-up for innovative industries? of a city in the knowledge level explained per phase of developmentof in thedevelopment life cycle of economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

development for innovative industries?

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions REGIONAL STRATEGY 4 VISION of a city in the knowledge research by design strategy at regional and city life cycle strategically programmatic using the created scale leveleconomy with the and spatial interpretation of vision as starting urban design at neighbourinnovaties industries conclusions derived from point hood scaleof of creative CITY STRATEGY

environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

3 ANALYSIS

theoretical framework and analysis

creative environment

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per 3 ANALYSIS sub-research question 2 creative vision enhancing theenvironment To what extent does the Brainport region meet the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

requirements in the knowledge economy and how can these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

SWOT analysis at the three scale levels on the factors derived from theoretical framework, supported with case studies

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

ANA

Sub-research question 1 What spatial conditions are on what scale level determinative for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle of development innovative industries?

SubTo w the k along

literature research on the determinitive spatial conditions for a city and surrounding region in the knowledge economy

literature research on the implementation of life cycle of development for innovative industries

linking literature with supporting/contradicting sources and personal interpretation

overview of determinitive factors per scale level linked with creative environments of life cycle

con reg

SECTION method

(expected) ďŹ nal product

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

project aim

5 DESIGN

research questions

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

CITY STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

level explained per creative environment

SECTION method

(expected) ďŹ nal product

1 PROJECT DEFINITION

3 ANALYSIS

main research question What spatial strategy can facilitate the life cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy?

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

sub-research question 2 sub-research question 1 project aim ing the What spatial conditions are on what scale level determinaTo what extent does the Brainport region meet the tive for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge research questions 5 DESIGN p-down economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle development for innovative industries? NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN requirements in the knowledge economy and howofcan ll for sub-research question 3 these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of literature review: linking overview of the determitiatives What spatial characteristics stimulate theory of spatial conditions native factors per scale innovation for companies indevelopment the start-up for innovative industries? of a city in the knowledge level explained per phase of development in the life cycle of economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

development for innovative industries?

creative environment

SWOT analysis at the three scale overview of the determilevels on the factors derived native factors per scale REGIONAL STRATEGY from theoretical4 VISION framework, level explained per 3 ANALYSIS research by design strategy at regional and city supported withstrategically case studies creative environment sub-research question 2 programmatic vision enhancing the using the created scale level CITY STRATEGY

vision as starting point

urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

To what extent does the Brainport region meet the requirements in the knowledge economy and how can these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

SWOT analysis at the three scale levels on the factors derived from theoretical framework, supported with case studies

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

nfor

ANALYSIS

Sub-research question 2 To what extent does the Brainport region meet the requirements in the knowledge economy and how can these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries? theoretical framework conditions at regional scale

conditions at city scale

conditions at neighbourhood scale

analysis of conditions on Brainport in current situation current problems and upcoming challenges

SWOT analysis of Brainport

case studies

SECTION method

(expected) ďŹ nal product

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

project aim

5 DESIGN

research questions

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

CITY STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

tics stimulate s in the start-up n the life cycle of tive industries?

SECTION method

1 PROJECT DEFINITION

literature rev theory of spa (expected) ďŹ nal product of a city in th economy wit of innovaties

main research question What spatial strategy can facilitate the life cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in the knowledge economy?

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

4 VISION

5 DESIGN

egional and city NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN

research questions

strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

sub-research question 3 What spatial characteristics stimulate innovation for companies in the start-up phase of development in the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

n at neighbourof creative t for innovativeCITY STRATEGY n start-up phase REGIONAL STRATEGY ment research by design using the created vision as starting point

3 ANALYSIS

project aim

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

vision enhancing the literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions interests of top-down of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle policies as well for of innovaties industries bottum-up initiatives

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

sub-research overview of the determinative factors perTo scale what exte level explained per requirement creative environment these challen developmen

SWOT analys sub-research question 2 To what extent does the Brainport region meet thelevels on the requirements in the knowledge economy and how can these challenges be adressed along the life cycle offrom theoreti development for innovative industries? supported wi

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

SWOT analysis at the three scale levels on the factors derived from theoretical framework, supported with case studies

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

theoretical framework analysis

proposal for meeting requirements adressed along life cycle of development

strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation

design guidelines

policy documents interviews

mixed scanning method NEIGHBOURHOOD

VISION

SECTION method

(expected) ďŹ nal product

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

problem ďŹ eld

project aim

5 DESIGN

research questions

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

CITY STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

4 VISION strategically programmatic and spatial interpretation of conclusions derived from theoretical framework and analysis

3 ANALYSIS vision enhancing the interests of top-down policies as well for bottum-up initiatives

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

SECTION method

project a

(expected) ďŹ nal product

5 DESIGN 1 PROJECT DEFINITION NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN main research question What spatial strategy can question facilitate the life 3 sub-research cycle of innovative industries to strengthen the position of the Brainport Eindhoven in What spatial characteristics stimulate the knowledge economy? innovation for companies in the start-up 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK problem ďŹ eld phase of development in the life cycle of sub-research question 1 project aim What spatial conditions are on what scale level determinadevelopment for innovative industries? tive for a city and its surrounding region in the knowledge research questions

5 DESIGN NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN sub-research question 3 What spatial characteristics stimulate innovation for companies in the start-up phase of development in the life cycle of development for innovative industries? CITY STRATEGY

economy and how can these be adressed along the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

CITY STRATEGY

literature review: linking theory of spatial conditions of a city in the knowledge economy with the life cycle of innovaties industries

REGIONAL STRATEGY

REGIONAL STRATEGY research by design using the created vision as starting point

research

4 VISION

research by design strategically programmatic spatial interpretation of using theandcreated conclusions derived from framework and vision as theoretical starting analysis point

strategy at regional and city scale level urban design at neighbourhood scale of creative environment for innovative companies in start-up phase of development

3 ANALYSIS

overview of the determinative factors per scale level explained per creative environment

4 VISION

strategy at regional and city sub-research question 2 vision enhancing the To what extent does the Brainport region meet the strategically pro interests of top-down scale level requirements in the knowledge economy and how can policies as well for these challenges be adressed along the life cycle of spatial inter and bottum-up initiatives urban design at neighbourdevelopment for innovative industries? der hood scale of creativeSWOT analysis at the three scale overview ofconclusions the determilevels on the factors derived native factors per scale theoretical fram environment for innovative from theoretical framework, level explained per with case studies creative environment analysis companies in start-upsupported phase of development

VISION

REGION

reďŹ&#x201A;ection on theoretical framework and analysis

literature research

concept for urban regional model strategy for Brainport region in (inter)national context

comparative case studies analysis of (potential) local characteristics design guidelines

personal interpretation urban design of district in Eindhoven

(potential) local qualities

CITY

NEIGHBOURHOOD

Sub-research question 3 What spatial characteristics stimulate innovation for companies in the start-up phase of development in the life cycle of development for innovative industries?

research by design

structure for implementing creative environments along life cycle of development local strategy for city of Eindhoven

REGIONAL STRATEGY

cities of Eindhoven and Helmond and surrounding area

CITY

city of Eindhoven

NEIGHBOURHOOD

district of Eindhoven

Graduation planning

Start February 6, 2012

P1 April 2, 2012

P2 June 19, 2012

P3 October, 2012

P4 December, 2012

P5 January, 2013

PROJECT DEFINITION THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK COMPARATIVE CASE STUDIES EXISTING PLANS SITE VISIT

ANALYSIS VISION REGIONAL STRATEGY CITY SCALE SITE VISIT

LOCAL DESIGN EVALUATION

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Consulted literature Van Winden, W. et al. - Cities in the knowledge economy, towards a typology Florida, R. - The rise of the creative class Glaeser, E. and Saiz, A. - The rise of the Skilled City Marlet, G. - De aantrekkelijke stad Baum, S. et al. - The role of community and lifestyle in the making of a knowledge city Black, G. - The geography of small firm innovation Feldman, M. - Knowledge Complementarity and Innovation Saris and Modder - Creative spaces in The Netherlands Heebels and van Aalst - Creative clusters in Berlin De Stad B.V. - Stedelijke regioâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s concurreren met creativiteit

Regional scale

industrial structure REGION

industrial structure knowledge base INCUBATOR / BREEDING PLACE industrial structure

cross fertilisation between sectors

knowledge base

internal and external knowledge accessibility resources

local network

industrial structure university industrial structure diversified vs specialized localeconomy network

cross fertilisation betwee

accessibility accessibility

local, regional and (inter) national network compact

face-to-face contact buzz

REGION industrial structure

cross fertilisation between sectors landscape and recreation

proximity required

REGION

regional urban structure

regional urban regional urbanstructure structure

sup

cross fertilisation between sectors

accessibility

knowledge base

university

compact

! accessibility

compact landscape and recreation proximity and accessibility

urban amenities

local network regional urban structure

face-to-face contact buzz

compac

scale

landscape and recreation City scale scale

urban amenities and quality of life

urban diversity

scale

low barriers to entry

CITY scale

urban diversity urban amenities urban amenities & quality of life scale urban diversity and quality of life attractive built environment, highsupport for facilities and amenities low barriers to entry urban diversity CITY low barriers to entry quality houses, world class amenities

culture

used as meeting place

urban diversity

CITY scale cultureculture

focussing on residences, also used as meeting places

culture

aesthetics

low barriers to entry

historical and industrial buildings

used as meeting place

identify with historical buildings and environments

div co

€ € urban structure

real estate prices aesthetics scale Neighbourhood

inner city real estate historical and industrialoutskirts buildings location of theprices city centre suburban area

antiquity housing stock

NEIGHBOURHOOD location antiquity housing stock location

‘sense of place’ and differences in supportive urban environments that generates innovation

€ €

€

NEIGHBOURHOOD urban structure urban structure

density, proximity and diversity

accessibility

innerestate city prices real

€

city centre antiquity housing stock suburban a outskirts of the city centre real estate prices antiquity of built environment decaying and underutilized buildings suburban area peripheral

affordability and NEIGHBOURrepresentativeness urban structure HOOD

€

real estate prices

OPEN

decaying and underutilized buildings

forced to or preference for existing or new constructed building

OPEN

antiquity housing stock

€

accessibility

enough space for experiment

decaying and underutilized bu urban structure only for own use

accessibility

scheduled and optional use of place

enough

third places third places

stimulation of face-to-face space contactfor andexperiment buzz ? ! OPEN

ANALYSIS

progress indicators

Accessibility

Rotterdam

Nijmegen Dordrecht Oss

's-Hertogenbosch

€ €

€

Breda

Tilburg Helmond Eindhoven

OPEN

Venlo

Antwerp

Weert Roermond

TRAVELING TIME BY TRAIN 30 MIN. & 1H

€ €

progress indicators

Accessibility

€

OPEN

TRAVELING TIME BY CAR 30 MIN. & 1H

education

knowledge base

Density

research

business sectors

REGION +

industrial structure

accessibility

HST

scheme

scheme scale

CITY scheme urban diversity scheme social equity scheme urban amenities incubator / breeding place

creative workshop

transactional environment

place of producti

NEIGHBORHOOD

< 37 inhabitants per km2

location

37 - 255 inhabitants per km2 255 - 1 771 inhabitants per km2 1 771 - 4 780 inhabitants per km2 4 780 inhabitants per km2

foundation

highway locations a real estate prices

companies selling price

high

low

companies rental price

high after price development

above average

low

oďŹ&#x192;ces selling price

low

high

oďŹ&#x192;ces rental price

low

average

high

average

housing

average

very high

low

antiquity housing stock

portion prewar housing

high

average

low

diversity

employment

divers

mono-functio

living and working environment

living and living-work

living-work and work

lving-work an

ďŹ rm size

small (+ 2 pers.)

small (+ 5 pers.)

average (+ 8 pers.)

large (+ 20 pe

€

Real estate prices

progr

€

OPEN

REGION

- 150 000 euro 150 000 - 180 000 euro 180 000 - 210 000 euro 210 000 - 240 000 euro 240 000 - 270 000 euro 270 000 - 300 000 euro 300 000 - 330 000 euro 330 000 - 360 000 euro + 360 000 euro

CITY

CONCEPTUAL SOLUTIONS

train and BRT connections

creative environments

Dommelzone-West

Dommelzone-West urban design

Thank you Dion van Dijk 4023382 P2 presentation June 19, 2012 1st mentor 2nd mentor

Drs. H.J. Rosenboom Spatial Planning and Strategy Ir. J.A. Westrik Urban Compositions

Posad Spatial Strategies

Faculty of Architecture Department of Urbanism Urban Regeneration