volume 10 issue 4 august 2017
issn 1757-4625
the
technologist the official journal of the dental technologists association
Dealing with vertical preparations
In this issue: Vertical preparations – where do you stand? Scams – how to avoid falling foul H&S essentials – do you comply?
3.75
HOURS OF VERIFIED CPD PLUS 1 HOUR OF UNVERIFIED CPD IN THIS ISSUE!
august 2017 1
the
technologist in this issue Editor: Vikki Harper t: 01949 851 723 m: 07932 402 561 e: vikki@goodasmyword.com Advertising: Sue Adams t: 01452 886 366 e: sueadams@dta-uk.org
DTA administration: Sue Adams Chief Executive F13a Kestrel Court Waterwells Drive Waterwells Business Park Gloucester GL2 2AQ t: 01452 886 366 e: sueadams@dta-uk.org DTA Council: James Green President Delroy Reeves Deputy President Tony Griffin Treasurer John Stacey Gerrard Starnes Marta Wisniewska Social media coordinator
Editorial panel: James Green Tony Griffin
Design & production: Kavita Graphics t: 01843 583 084 e: dennis@kavitagraphics.co.uk
Published by: Stephen Hancocks w: www.stephenhancocks.com
news
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hr facts: health & safety essentials
04
CPD
the thorny issue of pricing
06
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fight fraud – take action to protect your business
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the digital dental world: part four
10
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dealing with vertical preparations
13
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away from the bench: From embracing the digital revolution ‌ to pygmy goat rearing
19
classified advertising
21
continuing professional development
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The Technologist is published by the Dental Technologists Association and is provided to members as part of a comprehensive membership package. For details about how to join, please visit: www.dta-uk.org or call 01452 886 366
Find out the 11 reasons to join DTA by visiting: www.dta-uk.org the
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ISSN: 1757-4625 Views and opinions expressed in the publication are not necessarily those of the Dental Technologists Association.
Cost effective professional indemnity insurance for dental technicians and laboratories
Tel: 01634 662 916
2 august 2017
news&information
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ENHANCED CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (ECPD) IS ON ITS WAY
At the GDC’s May Council meeting, plans to introduce enhanced continuing professional development (ECPD) were approved. These are changes to the five-year CPD cycle, which are due to happen on 1 January 2018 if you are a dentist, and 1 August 2018 if you are a dental care professional. The main changes are: ■ an increase in the number of verifiable hours for some registrant types (no increase for dental technicians) and the requirement to spread the hours more evenly across the five-year cycle ■ the reduction of CPD hours overall for all dental professionals, due to the removal of non-verifiable CPD ■ the need to make an annual declaration of the CPD hours you have
carried out, which meet the requirements ■ the requirement for a personal development plan (PDP), which details planned CPD to be undertaken and associated learning outcome ■ a log of completed activity, including date, number of hours and which learning outcome it covered ■ the collected evidence (e.g. a certificate) for each activity There will be transitional arrangements for those who are mid-cycle on the changeover dates and those registrants will need to complete some CPD based on the current scheme, and some on the new scheme. More information will be available in the autumn. We recommend you review the list of compiled frequently asked questions about ECPD that you can
view at www.gdc-uk.org/professionals/ cpd/enhanced-cpd ■ The next edition of TT will provide a thorough review of the proposed new CPD system. If you have questions or would like clarification of any aspect, please drop us a line at sueadams@dta-uk.org or call Sue on 01452 866 366 and we will aim to cover it in our overview. ED
■ TECHNICIAN’S BIKE CHALLENGE
SUPPORTS CHARITY CLOSE TO HIS HEART
A maxillofacial technologist and orthodontic technician, is embarking on a 60-mile bike ride in August to raise awareness and money for the Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA). Andrew Tinkler, who works at the University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, was born with a cleft lip and palate and has been aware for many years of the fantastic work that CLAPA performs.
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e is taking part in the Great North Bike Ride 2017 on Sunday 27 August, an event that follows hot on the heels of the Great North Swim he completed in Windermere for CLAPA in June. Andrew said: ‘As CLAPA is a small charity, I felt the need to raise the profile, as well as donations, and bring awareness to the challenges faced by individuals with this the
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condition. I want to continue to promote the excellent work this small charity has been doing since its creation in 1979. ‘I’ve been genuinely very humbled by the support and generosity I have received so far. I’m very grateful for the donations and, importantly, supporters’ efforts in raising awareness of CLAPA. Thank you so much.’ CLAPA is the only national charity dedicated to those affected by cleft lip and palate in the UK and works closely with the nine specialist cleft teams and other health professionals. Their work includes reaching out to families from diagnosis and helping them through any difficulties before and after birth. CLAPA provides specialist feeding services, information and a national network of trained volunteers for emotional support, events and gatherings. CLAPA’s main functions are:
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working to improve cleft care in the UK creating a cleft community across the UK providing specialist feeding equipment training volunteers to provide support for parents and peers ■ development of support for children in schools and social settings via confidence building weekends ■ encouraging research, producing information leaflets, raising awareness and fundraising Andrew has been training hard at his local gym and has received useful advice from advanced cyclists. People can pledge their support and read regular updates on his MyDonate page at https://mydonate.bt .com/fundraisers/andrewtinkler1 ■ For more information about CLAPA visit www.clapa.com
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SAVE THE DATES FOR DTS 2018! Friday 18 and Saturday 19 May 2018, NEC Birmingham In the wake of yet another successful Dental Technology Showcase (DTS), attentions is already turning to next year so that something even bigger and better can be delivered for you and your whole team. Delegate comments from 2017 include: ‘I always come to DTS in Birmingham, there is always something new to learn. My CPD is important and I also like to visit all the suppliers’ stands to find new products.’ – Marta Wisniewska, laboratory owner ‘I have been to a lot of the technical lectures and I really like the way they
support each other. The show is well organised and provides the building blocks of education and knowledge that we need for the future.’ – Brian Hay, dental technician To make sure you don’t miss the hours of first-class education, CPD, worldrenowned speakers and extensive trade exhibition with exclusive show-only deals, get the dates in your diary for next year’s DTS now! DTS 2018 will be held on Friday 18 and Saturday 19 May at the NEC in Birmingham, co-located with The Dentistry Show. ■ Further details, visit www.the-dts.co.uk, call 02073 485 270 or email dts@closerstillmedia.com
■ TOOTH MORPHOLOGY APP
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he app behaves as a quick, brief and easy resource for basic and crucial information regarding tooth morphology. This handy reference brings calcification, eruption and root completion dates of permanent teeth to your
From: S Douglas CPD Questions: The use of removable appliances in place of fixed appliances Comments: Great to see some orthodontics included. From: S Morris CPD Questions: The digital dental world Comments: I enjoyed this article very much. From: P Chapman CPD Questions: Cerezen – a splint alternative Comments: Interesting. From: P Reardon CPD Questions: MOA walkthrough Comments: Excellent wirework and construction, good article.
ASSISTS LEARNING
A dental student studying at the School of Clinical Dentistry in Sheffield has developed a great new app primarily targeted towards dental students in their early years of training, but will be useful for a much wider audience.
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fingertips. The images are of a very high quality and show all surfaces of the tooth selected.
From: S Carslake CPD Questions: The digital dental world Comments: CAD will in the end take over all the procedures in the construction of dental appliances.
The app features a completely touchfriendly interface that is clean and easy to navigate. Three key areas are targeted: tooth development, morphology and distinguishing features. The app makes learning tooth morphology quicker and easier than ever before! ■ Available on iOS and Android. Price: £0.69
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From: P Chapman CPD Questions: MOA walkthrough Comments: Very informative and useful. More articles like this please. The Michigan/Tanner is always one that promotes debate! From: D Smith CPD Questions: MOA walkthrough Comments: As I’m starting to do more Ortho, I found this very interesting. From: C Marin CPD Questions: Articulate – radiography Comments: Found it great, very helpful for radiography core subjects. Thank you and well done.
4 august 2017
hrfacts
■ Health and Safety Essentials Standards for the Dental Team: Standard 7.3 Update and develop your professional knowledge and skills ■ Educational aim: – to be aware of the responsibilities for health and safety at work from the perspectives of both the employer and employee ■ CPD outcomes: – to be aware of what health and safety at work encompasses, including the legal minimum requirements – to understand the fundamental legal necessities employers must provide to meet their duty of care obligations – to be informed of what risk assessments are and how they must be undertaken
Employers and employees share responsibility for health and safety at work. Richard Mander looks at the essentials in this important area and provides a guide to enable you to comply with current legislation and keep your workplace safe.
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1. What is health and safety at work?
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ealth and safety at work encompasses a very wide range of duties and initiatives aimed at maintaining a safe working environment for employees. There are many relevant pieces of legislation and case law which impose legal duties on matters ranging from the provision of insurance and written policies on health and safety, to education and training for staff, risk assessments and inspections. In addition there are numerous initiatives and guidance aimed at promoting a holistic, proactive approach to health and wellbeing issues at work and improving employees’ work performance and reducing sickness absence.
2. The legal context Although there are a vast number of different statutes governing safety issues, health and safety at work in the UK isn’t governed just by legislation. Under ‘common law’, all employers have a duty of care obligation to protect their employees. There’s also a term implied in all employment contracts requiring employers to take care of their employees’ health and safety. For example, employers must: ■ ■ ■ ■
provide a safe place of work provide a safe system of work provide adequate plant and equipment recruit competent and safety conscious staff
should work with their employer to develop a safe place of work.
3. Key UK legislation The main legislation is the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HSWA). All workplaces are covered by this legislation that says that an employer must do everything reasonably practicable to provide a safe and healthy workplace with adequate welfare facilities. The HSWA has been supported and extended by various sets of statutes, regulations, codes of practice and guidance, all of which deal with various aspects of health and safety. The Working Time Regulations 1998, with their more recent changes, are also an important piece of health and safety legislation. Guidance on health and safety issues and Approved Codes of Practice (ACOPs) are published by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). The ACOPs have special legal status: if employers fail to follow them and are then prosecuted for breaches of health and safety law, the court will find against the employer, unless they can show that they have complied with the law in some other way. Following the guidance is not compulsory but is strongly advised.
4. UK employers health and safety obligations In the UK, employers’ duties to provide a safe and healthy working environment arise from the core principles of negligence, contract, and the numerous specific statutory duties referred to above. As a minimum, employers should:
If an employer fails to take reasonable care in any of these areas, an employee may be able to make a number of claims, including resigning and claiming constructive unfair dismissal and personal injury. Breach of some duties by the employer, for example, failure to provide insurance, is a criminal offence. Employees, too, have responsibilities and the
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■ publish a health and safety policy ■ take out and maintain a compulsory insurance policy, known as an Employer’s Liability Insurance, against accidents and ill health which cover employees ■ arrange for the appointment of health and safety representatives
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hrfacts ■ establish a health and safety committee if requested by a recognised trade union ■ appoint a competent person to evaluate risks and hazards ■ arrange periodic risk assessments ■ consult with employee health and safety representatives ■ prevent risks ■ inform staff of risks ■ combat risks at source ■ arrange protection from unavoidable risks ■ provide safety training ■ comply with the updated provisions concerning health and safety posters and leaflets ■ monitor and improve safety arrangements ■ provide health risk surveillance ■ adapt work to the individual, especially with respect to the design of workplaces ■ alleviate monotonous work ■ develop a prevention policy ■ appoint one or more competent persons to assist in undertaking preventive and protective measures ■ establish procedures to be followed in the event of serious and imminent danger to persons working in the organisation ■ require persons at work who are exposed to serious and imminent danger to be informed of the nature of the hazards and steps taken to protect them ■ provide comprehensible and relevant health and safety information ■ provide adequate health and safety training during working hours
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5. Risk assessment A risk assessment is a vigilant examination of what, in a place of work, could cause harm to people so that the employer can assess if they have taken sufficient precautions to prevent damage and injury. Every employer must make a regular assessment of their premises to assess a number of risks. Self-employed workers have a duty to assess risks to themselves and others. There are many detailed regulations that require risks in different industries to be assessed and HSE provides a variety of useful guidance. Risk assessments must include, for example: ■ measures needed to comply with the health and safety fire precautions ■ assessment of the risks to young people, taking immaturity and other factors into account ■ assessment of risks to new and expectant mothers – failure to carry out such assessments can amount to sex discrimination Areas where risk assessments can be carried out are: ■ workstations for users of personal computers ■ assessment of noise levels ■ safety audits to identify potential hazards conducted by accredited auditors ■ handling and lifting heavy loads Following a risk assessment, employers must record the significant findings of their risk assessments and make arrangements to implement any necessary measures and arrange for the provision of appropriate information and training.
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6. Producing a health and safety policy Under the HSWA, all employers with more than five employees must have a written health and safety policy. In cases of flagrant disregard of this requirement, enforcement officers may issue improvement notices that, if contravened, ultimately lead to potential sanctions of criminal penalties, including large fines and imprisonment. Employers with fewer than five employees may still find it useful to put their health and safety procedure into writing. Additional information: Sample policies, procedures and guidance notes for complying with current health and safety legislation can be found in the membership area of the DTA website.
Richard Mander Richard Mander is a freelance HR consultant with over 25 years’ experience in Strategic and Operational HR with companies including the Granada Group and Ecclesiastical Insurance. He specialises in providing support to smallto medium-sized companies who do not have their own in-house resource and aims to deliver cost-effective, pragmatic and practical solutions. If you would like to find out more about this topic or advice on other HR matters you can contact him at www.manderhr.com 07715 326 568.
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6 august 2017
pricing
■ The thorny issue of pricing Setting the right price for your product or service can be a headache-inducing task and it can prove tricky, but getting it right is crucial to the success and profitability of your business.
The main advantages of this pricing method are that it requires minimal information and is easy to calculate. It also ensures the seller against unexpected changes in costs. The disadvantages are that it ignores the role of customers and the pricing strategies of your competitors.
rices are based on three main factors: cost, demand and competition. You can use one or a combination of these factors in the determination of your prices, but remember the price you set must generate a profit for your business. It needs to be competitive and relate to the true value of your product or service as perceived by your customers.
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Demand-based pricing
Cost-based pricing
Competition-based pricing
This is a pricing method in which some percentage of desired profit is added to the cost of the product to obtain the final selling price. The cost of the product could be raw materials plus the cost of labour to get it to its finished state.
This is where a seller considers the prices of its competitors to set its prices. It then needs to decide whether to charge lower, the same or more than its competition depending on where it sees itself positioned with regard to quality and reputation in comparison to its competition. The airline industry is a good example of competition-based pricing where airlines charge the same or lower prices for the same route compared to their competitors.
The simplest form of this is cost-plus pricing. In this method a fixed percentage of the total cost is added to the total cost to derive the price. For example, say Jones Ltd makes widgets at a cost of £100 each and it wants to make 50% of that cost as profit, it would add £50 to the £100 to derive a final selling price of £150. This is one of the most commonly used methods in a manufacturing organisation.
Standards for the Dental Team: Standard 7.3 Update and develop your professional knowledge and skills ■ Educational aim: – to be aware of the different approaches to pricing and how vital it is to get it right ■ CPD outcomes: – to be aware of how prices can be derived – to understand the implications of one type of pricing approach over another
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This refers to a method where the price of a product is reached according to its demand. If the demand is increasing then a seller will prefer to set higher prices to gain profit; whereas if demand is less then lower prices are charged to try to attract customers. This sort of pricing is more common in the travel and hospitality industries.
Other methods of pricing Value pricing This is where a company attempts to win loyalty from its customers by charging low
prices for high quality products. This gains them a reputation for giving great value for money.
Going rate pricing This is where a price is set according to the prevailing price trends in the market. This would mean that the pricing strategy could be the same for many different sellers in the same market. The prices set by the market leaders tend to be followed by the majority of organisations within the industry.
Behavioural pricing This is a new approach in the pricing of goods and services where the price is determined by the behaviour of the customers. This relates to internet and social media marketing, where behaviour can be ascertained in different ways, such as the search history in the browser, the ‘click paths’ when shopping online and profiles on social networks. The data gathered on the behaviour will involve psychological, emotional and behavioural aspects. Classic pricing models assume that consumers act rationally and have full information. But in behavioural pricing it takes account of the fact that customers do not always behave rationally. They might evaluate a price with regard to various factors, such as the reputation of the supplier. They can’t always remember prices and do not always make specific comparisons. Rational considerations are, therefore, only one facet in pricing. Behavioural pricing is seen as complementing classic pricing strategy rather than replacing it. It will focus on questions such as: 1. How do customers perceive price information and then process it? 2. How do they react to price quotes? 3. How do customers use price information in their judgements and decisions?
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Psychology pricing This refers to techniques that are used to encourage customers to respond on emotional levels rather than logical ones. For example, pricing a product or service at £199 rather than £200 even though the true difference is very small is proven to attract more customers. One theory for this is that consumers put more attention on the first number on a price tag rather than the last. This then creates an illusion of enhanced value for the customer. Likewise leaving off zeros as in the example £200.00 versus £200. The former will appear to be more expensive than the latter despite them being exactly the same!
Loss leaders Loss leader pricing is an aggressive pricing strategy where the business sells a certain line at below cost in order to attract customers who will then, hopefully, make up for these losses with extra purchases of more profitable goods or services.
Promotional pricing A variation of loss leader pricing is promotional pricing that involves reducing the price of a product or service in the short term to attract more customers and increase the sales volume while still making a profit, if somewhat reduced.
Things to consider when setting your pricing 1. Cost Do make sure you are charging enough to cover your costs and make a decent profit on top. Ensure that you include all costs of raw materials, cost of labour in making the product, a proportion of your fixed costs and all costs involved in packaging and delivery to arrive at your cost point before providing a profit element on top.
2. Customers Gather as much information as possible on them. Are they bargain hunters? Do they value quality more than quantity? Do your market research well and understand your customer. Price is not the most important thing to most customers – value is. If customers perceive the price they pay is fair for the quality of product or service they receive, they deem that purchase to have represented value and will likely come back for more.
3. Competition How is your competition pricing its services and products? How do your customers compare the products? If your product clearly has more value than your competition then you can justify a higher
selling price. It is back to value again. You know the materials you use, your expertise, your service, etc., all combine to provide your customers with a perception of your ability to service their needs.
Tiered pricing Does your product have options that vary in value? Can your customers choose between a standard package and a high value package? If so, then you can bring in a tiered pricing structure. This appeals to customers as it allows them to choose the price level that best suits their budget.
4. Psychological pricing Do utilise the £99 price as opposed to £100. It has been proven in many studies that using ‘odd number pricing’ is a successful strategy and can give you an edge.
Conclusion There are many ways to price your goods and services, but above all else your pricing needs to generate you a profit, be competitive or at least reflect value to your clients. Your costs are not stagnant and go up every year so it is important that you review your pricing regularly, at least annually to ensure that your margins are not being eroded.
About Peter Blake Peter Blake is a chartered accountant, business coach and master practitioner of NLP. He has his own practice based in Wiltshire, lectures on finance and mentors new business start-ups for Gloucestershire Enterprise Ltd. For further details, contact Peter on 07912 343 265 or email peterblake@pbcoachingandtraining.com the
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8 august 2017
fightingfinancialfraud
■ Fight fraud – take action to pro As part of Operation Sterling, the Metropolitan Police in association with NatWest, has produced a very comprehensive guide – The Little Book of Big Scams (Business Edition) – to help small- and medium-sized businesses protect themselves from fraud.
S
MEs account for 99% of all UK businesses and employ more than 13 million people. They range from the ‘micro’ business, employing 1 or 2 people, through to ‘medium’ sized businesses employing up to a few hundred. There are many threats against them, not least of which is the threat of fraud on a day-to-day basis. Fraud is the intent or the act of misrepresentation to cause a gain or loss. With limited resources and turbulent economic conditions, SMEs typically
Standards for the Dental Team: Standard 7.3 Update and develop your professional knowledge and skills ■ Educational aim: – to be aware of the nature of fraud, where and how it can arise, how to avoid it and what to do if you become a victim ■ CPD outcomes: – to be aware of the nature of fraud and where and how potential risks lie – to use your new-found awareness to implement strategies and tactics that minimise its potential to do you or your business harm
prioritise innovation, growth and survival over due diligence, internet controls and risk mitigation as these can often seem expensive, burdensome and bureaucratic business practices.
Fraud is on a par with drugs and terrorism However, this approach leaves SMEs particularly vulnerable to fraud with many owners and managers unaware of the fraud risks their business faces. The impact of fraud is often more dramatic in SMEs which simply can’t afford the losses that may arise. Often these losses can result in business failure. The threat of fraud is very real. The National Threat Assessment puts fraud on a par with drugs and terrorism. Some 37% of organised criminal networks commit fraud, which in turn is used to fund other crimes. Simon Letchford, the Met’s detective chief superintendent, said: ‘We are living in an age of mobile technology and wireless communications that is both easily accessible and affordable. ‘The worldwide web has provided consumers with an unprecedented opportunity to shop, bank and conduct an array of other financial activities on line, but for fraudsters this is a growth industry too. Criminals have identified that there are rewards to be reaped from online fraud; however, there are simple steps that you can take to stop them.’
Fraud can come from anywhere
It is important to recognise that a fraud can come from anywhere: internal staff, customers, and suppliers, as well as unconnected third parties. Fraud can also seem inherently complicated and difficult to understand as criminals use a range of tools and techniques at their disposal. The free 60-page booklet seeks to explain some of the more common frauds that are a threat to SMEs and provides simple advice that, if followed, can help SMEs to identify and take action to protect themselves. It incorporates some case studies along with best practice and advice – reading it could be the difference that ensures your business continues to thrive. Philip Northey, managing director of NatWest’s Branch and Private Banking for London and the South East, said: ‘We are committed to helping our customers and communities protect themselves from fraud and the fear of fraud. ‘We believe that prevention through education is key. We hope this book will help stop you, a friend or family member from becoming a victim of fraud and we also hope it will help support our communities where fraud may be prevalent.’
Ten top tips to help fight fraud 1. Be sceptical. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Always approach deals, opportunities, documents, transactions and information with an inquiring and questioning mind. 2. Know your business inside out. Having a thorough understanding of your business will ensure you know: – how it operates – the staff you employ – the products and services it provides – your target market and your business obligations, both legally and regulatory
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tect your business This will help you detect when something is not right. 3. Know your customers and suppliers. Understanding who you do business with will help you identify occasions where a seemingly ordinary business request or transaction looks out of the ordinary for that customer or supplier and may be potentially fraudulent. Conduct due diligence using a riskbased approach e.g. verify the legitimacy of customer/supplier details you have stored on file as well as online searches. 4. Identify areas where your business is vulnerable to fraud. Take some time to imagine how a fraudster might target your business, internally and externally, and consider testing the systems you have put in place to reduce your risk. Ensure you and your staff are familiar with those systems and review them on a regular basis. 5. Develop a strategy and talk about fraud. Consider a prevention strategy detailing controls and procedures to prevent and detect fraud that is adequate and appropriate for your business. Staff will look to owners and managers for guidance as to what behaviour is acceptable. Talk about fraud with your staff, suppliers and other contacts. Your staff need to understand the risks and the impact of any losses on the business and to themselves. 6. Take extra care with all things cyber. With increasing threats from cybercrime, make sure your business technology is adequately protected against attacks. Make sure you back up your systems in case they go wrong. 7. Understand your finances. Understand how money leaves your business e.g. methods of payment, who has authority to make those payments and who checks that those payments are legitimate. Always check your bank statements.
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8. Secure and protect your property. This includes laptops, computers, smartphones and intellectual property, and consider factoring in business insurance to cover these items if they are compromised or stolen. Use and maintain inventories.
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9. Develop an action plan. Consider where you might need professional or legal advice. While prevention is better than cure, it is important for you and your business to be prepared for the worst. Having an action plan in place will limit your losses to fraud and help to ensure your business doesn’t suffer damaging losses. 10. Always report fraud and get help. Action Fraud is the UK’s national fraud reporting centre where you should report fraud if you have been scammed or defrauded. It provides a central point of contact for information about fraud and financially motivated internet crime. Report online at actionfraud.police.uk or by telephone on 0300 123 2040. Report to the police in your area if the suspect is known to you or still in the vicinity.
Current trends In its Annual Fraud Indicator 2013, the National Fraud Authority estimated that fraud cost SMEs £9.2 billion that year. It found that more than 1 in 4 of the businesses it surveyed had been victims of fraud in the last financial year and that the most common types of fraud were: ■ payment/banking fraud (69%) ■ accounting fraud (26%) ■ procurement fraud (21%) Some 86% of businesses suffered fraud from external sources and 56% suffered fraud internally. Overall, 40% of businesses surveyed suffer both internal and external fraud and more than one-third of them suffer cyberenabled fraud.
Whilst a monetary loss could potentially devastate a business, we should not underestimate the impact of reputational damage. Brand damage could result in much greater losses than the actual amount lost to the fraud itself.
Reporting fraud Reporting fraud is important. Remember that if you are a victim, however minor, there may be other businesses in a similar position. Your information may form part of one big jigsaw and may be vital in completing the picture. Report fraud to Action Fraud (details listed in this article) unless a crime is in progress, in which case call 999 in an emergency or 101 for non-emergency cases. ■ To read an online version from the Metropolitan Police, please visit https://beta.met.police.uk/globalassets /downloads/fraud/the-little-book-of -big-scams-business-edition.pdf. Please visit natwest.com for additional information about keeping your personal details safe. From there you can also download software to help protect you online. the
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10 august 2017
dentaldigitalworld
■ The digital dental world: Part Four Standards for the Dental Team: Standard 7.3 Update and develop your professional knowledge and skills ■ Educational aim: – to gain an overview of digital workflow ■ CPD outcomes: – to get a better understanding of the benefits of digitalisation – to understand how CAD and digital printing can be effectively utilised to improve efficiencies
The Technologist visits the latest addition to the global network of Dentsply Sirona Academies to learn more about its latest integrated digital workflow solutions
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n June 7 at Dentsply Sirona’s UK Headquarters in Weybridge, the ribbon was cut and the new Weybridge-based Dentsply Sirona Academy London was officially declared open for business. The opening ceremony was performed by (from left to right) Gerry Campbell, Vice President and General Manager Dentsply Sirona UK and Ireland; Dr Terri Nolan, Chief Clinical Officer; and Thomas Scherer, Group Vice President. More than 100 invited guests, including technicians, dentists, key distributors, representatives of UK dental schools, and a number of VIPs, gathered to celebrate the opening and take advantage of an opportunity to experience the state-of-theart facilities for themselves. In his welcoming speech Gerry Campbell said: ‘Knowledge and skills are building blocks for every successful dental professional and, as techniques and materials
advance, the need to keep pace with change is increasing the demand for high quality teaching and learning. We have created the Dentsply Sirona Academy London in the belief that through training and education, we can best help all our customers to gain maximum value from the technology in which they have invested.’ Dentsply and Sirona joined forces in 2016 to become the world’s largest manufacturer of professional dental products. A worldwide operation, it enjoys an annual turnover in the region of US$4 billion, employs some 15,000 people and its research and development platform is driven by 600 engineers and scientists. Widely recognised as a global leader in dental education and covering an extensive range of clinical, technical and practice excellence programmes, it trains more than 350,000 dental professionals every year across 11,000 online and face-
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to-face courses in over 80 countries. It says its commitment to providing the highest quality and broadest scope of education has been further demonstrated by the opening of this latest, purpose-built facility to forge another important link in the Dentsply Sirona Academy network. The specially designed facility incorporates a clinical skills suite featuring an 8-station simulation clinic complete with phantom heads, and its showroom spotlights all of Dentsply Sirona’s latest technology, including milling units, dental design software and sintering ovens, as well as intraoral scanners, treatment centres, hand pieces and digital radiography. Thanks to having this equipment, onsite visitors can be: ‘Invited to appreciate the streamlined efficiency that can be achieved by adopting an integrated digital workflow’. These efficiencies are exhibited across many key dental disciplines, including restorative dentistry, implantology, endodontics and orthodontics.
From chairside straight to the lab In the showroom we watched a demonstration of the Dentsply Sirona digital workflow in action. The operator scanned a model jaw while explaining that seamless, digital dentistry with CEREC technology means a fully integrated scan/design/mill process for manufacturing patient-specific restorations, and the process starts with the clinician throwing away their traditional impression trays and picking up an Omnicam intraoral scanner. The scan is then transmitted precisely into the new CEREC software 4.5, which has been created to be intuitive and easy to use. The restoration design process is further simplified by the software’s ‘Biojaw’ function that the operator explained ‘Generates a bespoke, patient-specific restoration proposal that works with the patient’s existing dental morphology’. Throughout the demonstration it was made clear that the software has not been created to replace technicians, nor
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CEREC MCXL
obviate their training, but to speed up and enhance workflow, improve the final outcome and to do so predictably and consistently. Once designed, the virtual model is sent straight to the CEREC milling unit that has been optimally synchronised to work with the software. The milling unit in the Academy showroom was a CEREC MCXL, which can grind/mill block sizes up to 85 mm, and can be used for both wet and dry processing of all CEREC materials. Thanks
to its sophisticated algorithmic processing unit, the MCXL can replicate the finest details of the restoration with extreme precision. Surfaces are smooth and tiny fissure details are reproduced with evenedged accuracy. The crown we watched being milled, fitted exactly onto the model, with just a small residual spur to be ground away with a burr. Our demonstration from original scan to fitting took around half an hour, which included 15 minutes for milling. If the lab was inhouse or nearby, a patient might be
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dentaldigitalworld
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CEREC software 4.5
prepped, scanned, offered a coffee in the waiting room, and be on their way home fitted with a bespoke crown in a single visit, without any need for a temporary or follow-up visit. The Dentsply Sirona team was able to demonstrate how, thanks to over 30 years of CAD/CAM experience, its latest integrated digital workflow could simplify the process of providing all types of dental restorations, including bridges, screw-retained crowns on implants and custom abutments. It can also speed up the production of aligners for orthodontics. Even its Sirona CEREC SpeedFire dental furnace is networked with the CEREC software to offer unparalleled precision plus short sintering and firing times.
m & e ateria quip ls men t
Dentsply Sirona Dental Academy
providing a UK base for the company’s extensive in-house technical education programmes that enable technicians to not only hear about how an integrated solution can improve their workflow, but to experience it first-hand. A 30-seat lecture room can be rapidly transformed into a theatre that can accommodate more than 60 delegates, providing a flexible resource that can accommodate almost any training or
We learned that the Dentsply Sirona Academy has been ‘Created to meet the educational needs of dental professionals by providing worldwide access to evidence-based, scientifically sound, theoretical and practical content. The aim in providing this educational platform is simple − to help ensure technicians have all the necessary skills they need to get the most from the latest digital technology, skills that will help drive their businesses forward while also consistently providing patients with better, safer, faster care.’ The new multi-use facility in Weybridge highlights the latest Dentsply Sirona products and equipment in the ideal setting for customer training, while also the
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MCXL Wet and dry milling
education requirement. Dentsply Sirona believes its state-of-the-art audio visual equipment makes these facilities amongst the finest in the UK, and welcomes every dental professional to make a date to see for themselves what an integrated digital workflow can mean for their business. ■ To find out more about the Dentsply Sirona Academies, visit www.dentsply sirona.com/en-gb/education/dentsply -sirona-academy.html
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verticalpreparations
■ Dealing with vertical preparations in the dental laboratory By Stephen Lusty
Over the past few years I have noticed a slow but definite move towards the use of vertical preparations or BOPT (biologically oriented preparation technique). At first it was just one client sending what seemed to be a radical ‘new’ style of preparation, but after about a year of receiving this type of restoration from this one client, I started to receive calls from other clients asking about this technique of preparing teeth. It became evident that this was a technique that was working and was here to stay.
A
t first I tried to deal with these cases in the same way that I have always dealt with making any standard crown, but after mixed successes and failures, it was time to really find out about how to deal with this type of restoration. My starting point was to have some serious talks with the client who had started this whole trend in my lab, Dr Jason Smithson. Luckily he is a fantastic surgeon who understands
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
the workings of a laboratory better than a lot of technicians, so he was able to give some great advice, and most importantly, explain the desired result effectively. I am going to try and explain the techniques that I now use as a result of these discussions and experimentation, so that hopefully you do not need to have the same mixture of success and failure that I had to endure.
Standards for the Dental Team: Standard 7.3 Update and develop your professional knowledge and skills
■ Educational aims: – to raise awareness of the vertical, biologically oriented preparation technique – to understand the issues relating to manufacturing accurate crown margins for such cases ■ CPD outcomes: – to understand the issues related to the laboratory design and construction of crowns for such BOPT cases – to better understand the issues related to BOPT cases for the dental technologist
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equ rials As with any ipm ent aesthetic case, temporisation is an important step towards success, and with this type of preparation the type of temporary restoration that we use most often is the shell temp. We need to be aware of some important rules when making these shell temps. The first is, there must be sufficient space internally for relining, and the second is there must be the ability for the surgeon to compress the reline material into the sulcus without causing bubbles. For these reasons, two marks should be made on the model: one on the cervical of the tooth, and one approximately 1.5 mm from the cervical on the gingiva, as in Fig. 1. A wax-up is now carried out and the line on the gingiva is used as the finish line for this wax-up Fig. 2. This is not the planned length of the final crowns. The extra length is purely to aid the dentist the
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verticalpreparations
I prefer to use composite (Gradia Plus) for my temporary restorations, as I know that we can get a better tissue response with this type of material, and it is far easier to handle than acrylics. When the dentist comes to prep the teeth and fit the shell temps, it is up to them to now contour the temporary restoration to the optimum emergence profile as shown here Fig. 5 by Dr Jason Smithson.
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
with seating the shell temps and to aid compression of the reline material into the sulcus. This excess material at the margin will be trimmed to shape by the surgeon in order to deal with the emergence profile of the temporary restorations. Once the wax-up has been copied by either traditional techniques or by scanning, the wax is removed and the model prepared, minimally paying special attention to not removing the mark that was made on the model at the cervical
Fig. 5
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margin of the teeth Fig. 3. This is to ensure that when the dentist comes to reline the shell temps, there is space for the reline material. It is important to remember that with vertical preparations there is no margin whatsoever prepared, and therefore in the cervical area of the tooth, not a lot of reduction is done. The restoration is now either milled or injected to the contours of the wax-up Fig. 4.
Fig. 6
When you receive the impressions from the surgery Fig. 6, and get your model cast up for the final restorations, you will notice one rather important thing, which is that there is no margin to ditch your dies and finish your crowns to, which means that we need to sort out a new protocol for dealing with the model. The first important thing to do is to protect the fine areas of the impression, so prior to pouring the working cast I wax around the marginal area of the impression. Once the model is poured you will notice that due to the wax on the impression, the tissue is not accurate, so I suggest ditching the dies to the deepest part of the sulcus, then inserting them back into the impression and injecting a soft tissue material to get an accurate image of the tissue placement Fig. 7.
august 2017 15
verticalpreparations
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the margin of a crown using the m BOPT & e ateria quip ls technique by men t marking where the gingiva is, then marking the deepest part of the sulcus Fig. 8. The margin is made in the area between these marks.
Fig. 7
I now use this soft tissue to mark the dies as explained in the article ‘Biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT): a new approach for prosthetic restoration of periodontically healthy teeth’ by Ignazio
Fig. 8
Loi, MD, DDS; Antonello Di Felice, CDT; in The European Journal Of Esthetic Dentistry, Spring 2013. In this article they show how to decide on
Fig. 9
The margin of the crown should follow the smoothest possible course around the preparation, creating an easy margin to clean, as well as giving it maximum strength. In the early days of working with this technique I tried to keep to the deepest possible point of the preparation Fig. 9, which led to problems with strength, especially in the posterior region when working around furcations. This led to some fractures in the margin area. It is now our protocol to keep the smoothest possible margin to counteract this issue Fig. 10. Another cause for concern was material choice. When we started on this journey of discovering the vertical prep, we thought that pressed lithium disilicate would be the ideal material due to the ability to control fine margins. We soon discovered that although I could make these margins incredibly fine, and to great contours, they tended to chip on fitting, which defeated the whole purpose. We made a few of these crowns with traditional PFM materials, but due to the minimal thickness and need for full metal margins, the aesthetics were compromised. Finally we settled on zirconium as the optimum material due to its high strength and improved aesthetics; however, I now had to come up with a protocol for dealing with zirconia in order to truly control the form of the marginal area.
Fig. 10
The form of the margin must reflect the emergence of a natural tooth’s coronal area, so the best way to discover how to the
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Fig. 11. Images from Bazos P, Magne P. Eur J Esthet Dent., 2011, Spring: 6(1): 8–19.
Fig. 13
and the angle distance is variable dependent on the amount of pressure to be applied to the soft tissue Fig.13. Fig. 12
create this emergence is to look at natural teeth. These images Fig. 11 show a cross section of natural teeth that makes it easy to visualise the emergence profile.
Exocad I simply insert the margin settings of horizontal distance = 0 (or as close to 0 as the software will allow), angle = 45º,
If we take another image from the same article Fig. 12 and zoom in on the margin, it is plain to see that the emergence is approximately 45º and this seems to be a standard for all teeth in the arch. It is therefore necessary to copy this emergence profile across into our work. As there is no margin, this 45º angle starts from the wall of the preparation. As we are using zirconia as our material of choice, this angle becomes very easy to control due to the fact that most commonly zirconia substructures and crowns are designed using CAD. My CAD software of choice is Exocad, which I use in conjunction with an AADVA scanner, and in the
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Fig. 14
Fig. 14 shows a case (done with Dr Billal Arshad), where the angle distance on the UR1 was incorrect, but this was easily corrected and the gingival height was controlled by increasing the angle
august 2017 17
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m & e ateria quip ls men t
Fig. 15
distance to generate more pressure on the gingiva Fig. 15. As I have previously stated, my preferred material for this sort of work is zirconia, but the control of zirconia is something that can be a minefield, and for this reason I invested in my own milling and sintering equipment. I believe that we can
only gain full control of this material if we have access to the soft state, so at the very least I think that every lab using zirconia should have a sintering furnace. Milling can be outsourced, but trimming and sintering should be done under your own control. I mill all of my cases to full contour. This way the emergence profile is formed in zirconia. I then trim the soft
state to the desired form, cut back by hand and infiltrate colours individually. Posterior units are more often than not left as full contour for strength. The crowns are then finished using an appropriate zirconia-compatible ceramic (I prefer GC initial ZR-FS), as shown in the following images, from a case undertaken with Dr Jason Smithson.
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18 august 2017
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c veriďŹ ore ed
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This technique of working on vertical preparations is I believe a technique that is only going to be used more and more over the coming years due to the
Before
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exceptional control over the soft tissue that it allows. However I urge any dentist wanting to get involved in this technique to take part in a course to correctly learn
After
the protocols of preparation as a poorly prepared vertical preparation is almost impossible to work on.
august 2017 19
away from the bench
■ From embracing the digital revolution … to pygmy goat rearing We are pleased to announce that Ashley Byrne has recently been awarded a DTA Fellowship for outstanding contribution to dental technology. We caught up with Ashley to talk about his award, his career and the unusual way he chooses to chill out away from the bench. A bit of background … Why did you choose a career in dental technology? My dad, who was a successful dental laboratory owner and technician, told me not to follow in his footsteps but I just love making things with a science background, so the job fitted. I’ve never looked back and love it to this day. Tell me a little about your career to date. How have you got to where you are today? I’ve had some really lucky breaks in my working career. I started with a degree course at Manchester Met University and John Wibberly kindly took me under his wing. That would be a great enough start for most but then John arranged for me to work in London under some of the UK and Europe’s leading technicians and clinicians. I owe a lot of my early career to both John and my dad. My dad and I then started Byrnes Dental Laboratory in Wheatley, Oxfordshire in 2006 and we’ve pushed the limits of dental technology to have some great success. My dad retired 5 years ago now and we have continued to grow as a team, which is now 95% digital. How long had it been your dream to own your own lab? I suppose ever since I started dental technology in 1998 but I must admit it’s been way harder than I ever expected. I wouldn’t change it for the world though, but anyone thinking of owning their own lab should be aware it isn’t as easy as it may look as an employee. On your website you say that you have worked with some of the greats of UK dentistry – what nuggets of wisdom did they share to help you on your way?
Ashley Byrne at the BDA Honours and Awards event held in conjunction with the conference each year. L to R: Peter Dyer BDA President; Ashley Byrne and James Green, DTA President.
John Wibberly in my early days said always focus on implants and that’s what I did. Combine that with my dad’s values and ethics in business and dentistry and it’s been a great recipe. There are too many to list, but I’ve made sure I have said thanks to everyone who has helped me along my journey. You are clearly very proud of your team. What steps do you take to ensure you employ the right people? What are you most proud of? I’m incredibly proud of all my team; they are amazing people both in and out of work. I no longer make the choice of employing people, my team do and we now accept that teamwork and attitude are far more important than talent. Skills can be taught but attitude and a will to learn must be instilled into the person. We now employ people who fit into the team rather than the most talented, and that’s what I am proudest of as a lab owner.
What are your thoughts on the changing nature of the industry? I love it. What an awesome time to be a dental technician! The days of messy dusty labs are gone and now we are seen as high tech manufacturers using incredible skills and equipment to achieve amazing results. 3D printing, milling, CAD and CAM are all cool areas to be using and playing around with. We have lots of challenges ahead of us but these can be seen as threats or opportunities. I can genuinely only see opportunity ahead of us in a rapidly changing industry. Where do you think the industry is heading and how will technicians need to change and adapt to achieve success? Technicians who refuse to change will struggle to survive. The digital revolution is here and people need to embrace it and all the benefits it gives us. Lab technicians are being divided into two areas, engineering and artistry, and that simply allows us to focus on what we are good the
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at. We are starting to be seen as high tech manufacturers, as well as an integral part of the dental team, and that’s a great place for us to be. Your Fellowship Award … You have recently been awarded a DTA Fellowship for outstanding contribution to dental technology. Did the news you’d won come as a complete surprise? Yes, it did. I’m 39 years old and really do not think I’ve come anywhere near what some of my peers have achieved, so I really was very flattered. I enjoy my job and I hope to continue doing it for many years to come. It’s weird to be thanked for something you love doing on a daily basis. What does this award mean to you? It meant a great deal. I had to actually check it was real, as I could not believe there wasn’t a huge line of people in front of me. It was greatly appreciated all round and I was truly blown away by it. What do you think you did that most impressed the DTA Council? My dad always taught me to act with integrity in everything I do. Never rip anyone off, never belittle or back stab and always act with an ethical conscience. We are making things that go into people’s mouth for years to come. We have the power to make or break people’s lives and we must never forget how valuable a smile is to our patients. Those values go a long way with dentistry and combine that with being a technician and you are always pushing to find the perfect restoration for the patient. As the industry has changed and digital has become a key part of what we do, we can use this technology to delivery a more aesthetic, biocompatible, cost-effective restoration, but it’s still not perfect, so we push a little harder each time. Have you been presented with any other awards during your career? I was lucky to win Student of the Cohort when I did my clinical dental technology course, which seems a long time ago now. the
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Away from the bench … Having read some of your Tweets and blogs, there’s no denying you are passionate about what you do. We see that you lecture and join study clubs. How important is getting out and about (in a work capacity) to you? It’s essential if you want to push the limits of what you and your team are capable of. You need to be out of your comfort zone sometimes to help you push yourself and your peers. Study clubs and conferences keep us up to date with technology and new techniques; it allows us to network with customers, lab owners, technicians and suppliers; and all of those are vital to running a lab. Do you find it difficult to switch off from work? If so, what are the things that play on your mind? Actually, these days I can shut off pretty well but being a lab owner it’s your baby and it’s not possible to completely shut off. Oddly, I find technology helps me reduce stress as I can check nearly everything remotely. Any doubts and I can have a quick look. Any issues and my team can WhatsApp me and I can very quickly respond anywhere in the world. Designing an abutment in the departure lounge with a beer is weirdly rewarding. What do you do to unwind? What are your hobbies? I’m a really keen cook and BBQ’er, plus I have a smallholding of pygmy goats and ducks and I breed chickens – they are all
bantams of various sorts, beautiful birds all round. It’s a great way to relax and chill out and completely away from the world of teeth. That’s quite a hobby; how did you get into it? I used to have an allotment and I kept a few chickens on it. I loved it and now have 6 ducks, 30+ chickens, 4 goats and a boxer dog. I’ve had the smallholding now for about 3 years in the form of a paddock at the back of my house. Are they pets or do you sell any produce, such as goats’ milk, cheese or eggs? I get about 20 eggs a day at their peak but I usually just give them away. People repay in favours, such as meat and beer, etc. It’s all very old fashioned village trading and it’s a big part of my community. ■ For more information visit www.byrnesdental.com and to read Ashley’s Tweets visit https://twitter.com/byrnesdental
august 2017 21
classifiedadvertising
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22 august 2017
continuingprofessionaldevelopment Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Programme The Technologist is pleased to include a continuing professional development (CPD) programme for DTA members in accordance with the UK General Dental Council’s regulations and the FDI World Dental Federation’s guidelines for CPD programmes worldwide. The UK General Dental Council regulations required that from 1 August 2008 all dental technicians must start documenting their CPD. They are required to complete and record a minimum of 150 hours of CPD every five-year cycle, a third of which should be verifiable CPD (50 hours). This should include verifiable CPD in the following core subjects: ■ medical emergencies (10 hours per cycle) ■ disinfection and decontamination (5 hours per cycle)
■ materials and equipment (5 hours per cycle) The questions in this issue of The Technologist will provide verifiable CPD for those entering the programme. Complete your answers for free online at www.dta-uk.org, or use the answer sheet overleaf (or a photocopy if this is preferred, so as not to remove the page). Return your answer sheet to the DTA Head Office address with your £5 payment (please note that your CPD won’t be processed without payment) before the 15 September 2017. Online and paper responses must be received by the deadline. Dental technicians completing the programme will receive a certificate for the prescribed number of hours of verifiable CPD, together with the answers to the questions either online or by post according to the above guidelines.
Aims and outcomes In accordance with the General Dental Council’s guidance on providing verifiable CPD: ■ The aim of The Technologist CPD Programme is to provide articles and material of relevance to dental technicians and to test their understanding of the contents. ■ The anticipated outcomes are that dental technicians will be better informed about recent advances in dental technology and associated subjects and that they might apply their learning to their practice and ultimately to the care of patients. Please use the space on the answer sheet or online to provide any feedback that you would like us to consider.
H&S at work (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Q1 – Health and safety at work: A – Is the sole responsibility of the employer B – Is the sole responsibility of the local council C – Is a shared responsibility between employers and employees D – Is the sole responsibility of the Health and Safety Executive
Q2 – The main objective of health and safety legislation is to: A – Keep businesses running smoothly B – Manage the risks associated with company profitability C – Maintain a safe working environment for employees D – Protect the employer from employee litigation
Q3 – Health and safety legislation covers: A – Only workplaces involved in manufacturing B – Only those workplaces involved in hazardous processes C – Workplaces with a turnover of £1M or more D – All workplaces
Q4 – Statutory obligations for employers include: A – Annual public reporting of accidents at work B – Maintaining a compulsory insurance policy known as an Employer’s Liability Insurance C – Holding monthly health and safety meetings D – Appointing 1 x First Aider for every 10 employees
Q5 – Risk assessments are designed to: A – Assess what in a workplace could cause harm to an employee B – Act as an alternative to employers liability insurance C – Assess stress levels in an organisation D – Assess the effectiveness of an organisation’s procedures the
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Q6 – Following a risk assessment employers must: A – Provide a report to the Health and Safety Executive B – Complete any improvements within 3 months C – Record any significant findings and make arrangements to implement any necessary measures D – Communicate their findings to all staff
Q7 – A written health and safety policy must be produced by: A – All companies B – All companies with 5 or more employees C – Only companies who operate machinery D – Only companies with a motor fleet of 5 or more vehicles
august 2017 23
continuingprofessionaldevelopment Fight Fraud (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Q1 – Who is the target audience of the Little Book of Big Scams? A – Individuals B – Charities C – Schools D – Small- and medium-sized businesses
Q2 – How many people in the UK do SMEs employ? A – Fewer than 10 million B – More than 13 million C – 20 million D – More than 25 million
Q3 – What percentage of organised criminal networks commit fraud? A – 37% B – 40% C – 45% D – 47%
Q4 – What was the estimated cost to SMEs of fraud in 2013? A – £15.2 billion B – £10.5 billion C – £9.2 billion D – £8.4 billion
Q5 – Currently what is the most common type of fraud faced by SMEs? A – Accounting fraud B – Payment/banking fraud C – Procurement fraud D – Cyber fraud
Q6 – How much does the Little Book of Big Scams cost? A – It’s free B – £2.99 C – £3.99 D – £4.99
Q7 – Where can fraud come from? A – Your staff B – Your customers C – Your suppliers D – Anywhere
The Digital Dental World (Materials & equipment CPD – 30 minutes) Q1 – The CEREC milling machine in the showroom was an: A – MCIX B – MXCI C – MCXL D – MCMX
Q2 – What size blocks can it handle? A – Up to 50 mm B – Up to 85 mm C – Up to 78 mm D – Up to 65 mm
Q3 – What function further simplifies the CEREC software? A – Mandible B – Simplicity B C – Tooth designer D – Biojaw
Q4 – How many years’ experience in CAD/CAM does Dentsply Sirona claim? A – Over 85 B – Over 30 C – Over 22 D – Over 60
Q5 – What can be achieved by adopting an integrated digital workflow? A – Faster return on investment B – Streamlined efficiency C – Greater customer satisfaction D – Greater precision
Pricing (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Q1 – Selling one line at below cost is called? A – Cost plus pricing B – Promotional pricing C – Loss leader pricing D – Psychological pricing
Q2 – Selling at £9.99 rather than £10 is called? A – Promotional pricing B – Psychological pricing C – Going rate pricing D – Demand based pricing
Q3 – Setting a price at the prevailing market price is? A – Going rate pricing B – Value pricing C – Behavioural pricing D – Cost plus pricing
Q4 – Charging low prices for high value products is known as? A – Loss leader pricing B – Value pricing C – Psychological pricing D – Behavioural pricing
Q5 – The airline industry is a good example of what type of pricing? A – Competition based pricing B – Value pricing C – Going rate pricing D – Loss leader pricing
Q6 – Failure to set your pricing correctly could directly impact? A – Profitability B – Competitiveness C – The perceived value you provide D – All of the above
Q7 – In demand-based pricing, which of the following is true? A – If demand goes up, so does the price B – If demand diminishes, the price is also likely to be reduced C – This type of approach is common to the hospitality sector and a) and b) D – Customers demand their own price with this approach the
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continuingprofessionaldevelopment Dealing with vertical preparations in the dental laboratory (Materials & equipment CPD – one hour) Q1 – The writer uses BOPT to mean: A – Biodynamic oriented preparation technique B – Biologically ordinate placement technology C – Berated organise prepetition technique D – Biologically oriented preparation technique
Q2 – The change noted by the writer was a move towards: A – Pin ledge preparations B – Grooves and slots C – Vertical preparations D – Cone type tooth reduction
Q8 – It is suggested that the margin for BOPT cases can be determined by marking: A – The deepest part of the sulcus B – The emergence angle and c) C – Where the gingiva is D – In-between and a) and c)
Q9 – Which material did the author decide provided the best aesthetic and physical results for these restorations? A – Zirconium B – Lithium disilicate C – Composite (e.g. Gradia Plus) D – Porcelain fused to metal (PfM)
Q10– The writer suggested that they mill the cases at full contour to ensure:
Q3 – The type of temporary restoration used by the writer is: A – Labial aesthetics B – Full fit restoration C – Shell temporary D – Single units with vertical links
A – Occlusal stops are fully established B – Provision of the furcations C – Emergence profile is generally at 45° D – Following the irregular and angled margin contour
Q4 – In Figure 1 the two marks shown are: A – One on the cervical of the tooth, and d) B – One at the incisal aspect, and b) C – One at 2.5 mm from the cervical on the gingiva, and a) D – One approximately 1.5 mm from the cervical on the gingiva
Q5 – The extension of the temporary crowns allows inclinic trimming of the relined temporaries to develop: A – Gingival support B – Correction of the labial fit C – Emergence profile D – Butt fit of the shoulder preparations
Q6 – With the vertical preparation technique described by the writer, there is: A – A palatal/lingual butt shoulder B – No margins whatsoever C – A 135° flare out shoulder D – Narrow tapered margins
Q7 – The writer uses what technique to preserve the fine gingival tissues? A – Pouring solid casts and ditching B – A two-stage technique firstly waxing out the soft tissue and later injecting soft tissue gingival simulating material around C – Using digitally copied three-stage data of root, gingival and biological data crown form D – Utilising the temporary restoration to mark the cervical margins
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Simply fill in the multiple choice answer sheet on the inside back cover and complete the form ...
august 2017
continuingprofessionaldevelopment
answer sheet the technologist august 2017 Please PRINT your details below: First Name*
Last Name*
GDC no.*
Title
DTA Member: Yes
No
DTA no.*
*Essential information. Certificates cannot be issued without all this information being complete.
Complete free online at <www.dta-uk.org>. First-time users will need to register; those already registered need only log in. Or, either remove this page, or send a photocopy to: Dental Technologists Association, F13a Kestrel Court, Waterwells Business Park, Gloucester GL2 2AT. A £5 payment must be included with your CPD answer sheet – please do not forget! Please note that you must achieve a score of 50% or more to receive a certificate.
Answer sheets must be returned before 15 September 2017 for CPD responses returned in the post and for online CPD users. Answer sheets received after this date will be discarded. Answers Please tick the answer for each question below H&S at work (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Question 1:
A
B
Question 2:
C
D
A
C
D
A
Question 6:
A
B
B
Question 3:
C
D
C
D
A
B
Question 5:
Question 4:
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
C
D
A
B
C
D
C
D
C
D
C
D
C
D
C
D
Question 7:
B
Fight Fraud (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Question 1:
A
B
Question 2:
C
D
A
C
D
A
Question 6:
A
B
B
Question 3:
C
D
C
D
A
B
Question 5:
Question 4:
B
B
Question 7:
B
The Digital Dental World (Materials & equipment CPD – 30 minutes) Question 1:
A
B
Question 2:
C
D
A
B
Question 3:
C
D
C
D
C
D
A
B
Question 5:
Question 4:
B
B
Pricing (Other specific cpd – 45 minutes) Question 1:
A
B
Question 2:
C
D
A
C
D
A
Question 6:
A
B
B
Question 3:
A
B
Question 5:
Question 4:
B
B
Question 7:
B
Dealing with vertical preparations in the dental laboratory (Materials & equipment CPD – one hour) Question 1:
A
B
Question 2:
C
D
A
C
D
A
Question 6:
A
B
B
Question 3:
C
D
C
D
Question 7:
B
A
B
D
A
C
D
A
Question 8:
A
B
Question 5:
Question 4:
C
B
Question 10:
Question 9:
B
B
B
Feedback We wish to monitor the quality and value to readers of The Technologist CPD Programme so as to be able to continually improve it. Please use this space to provide any feedback that you would like us to consider.
An important note for non-DTA members Non-DTA members will incur a £25 fee for undertaking CPD provided through this publication. Cheques made out to DTA should accompany your answer sheet. the
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