3.2. LiDAR in Construction

Figure 6illustrates the 3D modelled steelpipechassis that was alreadyassembled in the shop. Particularly, this stage represents the quality control inspection before the implementationof other trades rough-in that can be seen in Figure 7. All the 3D modelled objects present in this visualization were accurately coordinated and modelled for high precision when installing. For instance, the stud framingthat is present in Figure 7has its 2D drawingsand installation process that is to be followed accordingto the BIM model. In the same manner other changes made required coordination of other design lead teams, such as MEP design, cementboard, façade,and building enclosure drawings. The ease of a BIM-oriented software like Autodesk Revit allows the integration of other software like Solidworks Software that facilitates the process of modelling, especially when designing steel pipe chassisand steel module connections and joints.

3.2. LiDAR in Construction

The use ofBIM technologyin construction opens the possibilitiesof having other 3D visualization technologies implemented into the same computed integrated ecosystem. LiDAR, whichstandsfor Light Detection and Ranging, is a sensing technologythat helps to measure the distance between the surface data and the sensor, in thiscase ascanner. This scanner will collect extensiveamountsof X, Y,and Z coordinates and generate an accurate 3D image of the scanned area or object. There are several types of scanning that vary according to the scanner placement, for example SLS (Satellite Laser Scanning), ALS, (Airborne Laser Scanning, taken in a plane), MLS, (Mobile Laser Scanning), and TLS that is taken by a Terrestrial Lases Scanning, commonly on a tripod. The latter one is most commonly used as it allows more control in termsofprecision and quality of data. All the data collected by the scanners is also known as a point cloud, and the efficiency of its collection is key when comparingit to other 3D modelslike the BIM generated one.