Figure 4. Tolerance Range of allowance illustration in the module fabrication (Lawson, 2014 Figure 5. Risk Management example of response plan and management (Shahtaheri, Rausch,

and functional tolerances, more related to fit-up (BSEN1090-2-2011, 2011). Inside the manufacturing tolerances, we can findthe dimensionaltolerance that refers tothe amount of deviation in terms of distance, linear, angular, or radial, and we also find the geometric tolerance that includes straightness, flatness, perpendicularity and parallelism (AISC, 2016). Allthesecategories commonly share materialsas standardand this is becausethere are many prefabricated components that are widely used and not necessarily part of the modular industrysuch asthe precast concrete components.Steelpipe is also a n increasing common material for the use ofthe module structure, alsocalled thechassisand that is the one that Zekelman Industries is mainly using for its module fabrication. Figure 4 shows how tolerance allowance is illustrated for module fabrication and assembly that can use severalof the mentioned tolerance categorizations.

Figure 4. Tolerance Range of allowance illustration in the module fabrication (Lawson, 2014)

In modular construction, there have been many ways of finding properly management methods for tolerances as it opens more opportunities for optimization. Not only tolerances can be better managed, but also factors that contribute to the same or larger scale manner to overall project output. For instance, Figure 5, shows one of the common workflows that will lead tobetter efficiency in the managementof tolerances and