The Daily Northwestern - Sept. 25, 2014

Researchers create blood test to detect depression » PAGE 3

sports Men’s Soccer Wildcat defense secures the win against DePaul » PAGE 12

opinion Gates Don’t rely on U.S. News rankings » PAGE 6

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The Daily Northwestern DAILYNORTHWESTERN.COM

Thursday, September 25, 2014

Find us online @thedailynu

Office to add lowincome support By tyler pager

daily senior staffer @tylerpager

Northwestern will add a new office this academic year to serve the needs of low-income and firstgeneration students.

The office, which is named the Center for Student Enrichment Services, is housed within the Department of Campus Inclusion and Community.

Patricia Telles-Irvin, vice president for student affairs, said the office was inspired by a group of lowincome students who approached her with a document detailing their experiences and needs at NU. “This office is going to help do outreach with the parents, it’s going to provide coaching, support and leadership training and hopefully

resources that can help,” Telles-Irvin told The Daily in June. “Some students don’t have coats. This winter was really hard. Some students would like to be part of Dance Marathon, but they can’t afford the $50 registration fee. That starts to limit your experience here at Northwestern.”

Lesley-Ann Brown, director of the Department of Campus Inclusion and Community, said the center’s creation corresponds to the changing demographic of the student body. There has been an increase of low-income and firstgeneration students on college campuses nationwide, including NU, she said.

Although the director for the office has not yet been hired, Brown has already identified some goals » See enrichment, page 9

Sean Su/Daily Senior Staffer

MORTY ON THE MOVE University president Morton Schapiro leaves the C-SPAN bus Wednesday morning.

Schapiro’s interview touched on NU’s historically high tuition and historically low admission rate, as well as the school’s relationship with the rest of the Big Ten conference.

Schapiro talks tuition, Big Ten aboard C-SPAN bus By sophia bollag

daily senior staffer @SophiaBollag

Daily file photo by Nathan Richards

TALKING INEQUALITY Students discuss issues of income inequality. The University is creating the Center for Student Enrichment Services to assist low-income and first-generation students.

University President Morton Schapiro spoke with C-SPAN on Wednesday about Northwestern’s historically high tuition and low admissions rate as part of a bus tour the network is conducting among Big Ten conference schools.

The bus, which includes a mobile television studio where Schapiro was interviewed for the network’s

morning show “Washington Journal,” travels the country to familiarize communities with C-SPAN. Several of the questions asked by both the program’s host, Greta Wodele Brawner, and viewers who called in to the program focused on what prospective students can do to gain admission to NU. Schapiro said he tells students who want to attend a selective university like NU to apply to many schools in order to increase their chances.

“It’s a little bit of a crapshoot, to be honest,” he told Brawner. “When

you’re only admitting, as we do, 13 percent of applicants, you never know.”

During the interview, Brawner drew attention to NU’s unique position as the only private school in the Big Ten. It is also the smallest, with roughly 8,000 undergraduates, and has one of the highest tuition rates.

In response to questions about NU’s high tuition relative to other schools in the Big Ten, Schapiro » See c-span, page 9

YMCA gets $1 million for revamped youth center

By Stephanie Kelly

the daily northwestern @StephanieKellyM

McGaw YMCA received a $1 million gift to build a new youth center that will offer more out-of-school opportunities to students, the organization announced Monday.

The YMCA, 1000 Grove St., will use the money from the Lewis-Sebring Family Foundation to build the MetaMedia Youth Center, with partners such as Northwestern helping to orchestrate the program, according to a news release. The renovated center will provide Evanston middle school students with access to technology, music and video production, creative design and other options.

“We are excited for the opportunity to create a space at the McGaw YMCA where future leaders will

attain the support, skills and experiences needed to transform their lives and their community,” said McGaw YMCA president and CEO Mark A. Dennis Jr. in a news release.

Along with the Youth Organizations Umbrella, a local youth development agency, NU’s FUSE will partner with the YMCA to create some of the center’s curriculum for students, said YMCA spokesperson Cherita Ellens. FUSE is dedicated to linking youth with science, technology, engineering, arts design and mathematics.

“McGaw YMCA and Y.O.U. are longtime community partners of Northwestern and we look forward to working together on this exciting new opportunity for youth in our community,” said Dr. Kemi Jona, NU’s director of the Office of STEM Education Partnerships, in a news release.

The center is designed for middle

Serving the University and Evanston since 1881

school students from Evanston/ Skokie School District 65 to use.

Currently, there isn’t currently anywhere in Evanston with these types of opportunities available for middle schoolers, so the new youth center will fill a void in the community, Ellens said.

Construction will begin in October, and the center is expected to open this January. The $1 million will be used to cover construction and initial startup costs, Ellens said.

The Lewis-Sebring Family Foundation also gave money to Y.O.U. to build a new center that would offer more opportunities to youth. Along with Evanston billionaire Jennifer Pritzker, the foundation contributed in late August a combined $2.5 million in land value and cash gifts to Y.O.U. Some of the money is being » See YMCA, page 9

Daily file photo by Mackenzie McCluer

GIFT FOR THE YOUTH A banner celebrating the 125th anniversary of the McGaw YMCA hangs from an Evanston street post. The YMCA recently received $1 million to construct a new youth center for Evanston middle-school students.

INSIDE Around Town 2 | On Campus 3 | Opinion 6 | Classifieds & Puzzles 8 | Sports 12

2 NEWS | the daily northwestern

Around Town

“

Lake Michigan is a precious resource to the residents of Evanston.

— Mayor Elizabeth Tisdahl

City native honors late friend in novel By paige leskin

daily senior staffer @paigeleskin

Evanston-born Richard Engling has never been able to replace the void left by his friend Fern Chertkow ​w hen she killed herself in 1988.

“When she died, it left a hole in my life that no one else could really fill,” Engling said. “She just remained on my mind.”

To remember his friend, Engling has brought together a book written by Chertkow with his own novel and play, to create “The Afterlife Trilogy,” which will be released to the public Oct. 7.

The three installments, which all work as stand-alone pieces, explore the character of Chertkow and the story around her taking her own life.

“All three of these works arise from either her as a novelist or as a muse,” Engling said. “The puzzle of her suicide is a very interesting one, and I think that’s something that would interest people through the various works.”

Engling and Chertkow both aspired to become novelists and attended graduate school together to earn master’s degrees in fiction

writing They became close friends, both in school and after when they traveled and lived in Europe for some time, Engling said.

Following Chertkow’s death, Engling realized the only appropriate way to truly honor her memory was to write a novel inspired by her that told of the When she of died, it left a hole in memories their friendship. my life that no one He w rote “Vi s i ons of else could Anna” s o on really fill ... She just after, which tells of a terminally remained on my ill man who mind. looks to put to rest the ghost of Richard Engling, his best friend novelist and Anna, based off playwright of Chertkow, who had also killed herself.

He followed the novel with a play that involved the same characters, titled “Anna in the Afterlife.” Engling says it offers a completely different perspective and viewpoint than the book.

After complet​ing​the play, Engling was able to see the connection that his works had with a book Chertkow had written a few years before she had died. Called “She Plays in Darkness,” the story involves themes of love and selfdestruction.

“I realized that these three works really complemented each other in an interesting way,” Engling said. “They were all written to stand alone, but they become much more interesting when experienced together.”

Engling said he had always hoped to publish some of Chertkow’s longer work. While she was successful in getting much of her short fiction into print, she didn’t have such luck with her novels, he said. This trilogy gives Engling the opportunity to reach a goal Chertkow was never able to.

“I long had an ambition to get more of her work in print,” he said. “The question of legacy is very big … She was somebody who was really important to me.”

The play will be performed by Chicago’s Polarity Ensemble Theatre, which Engling helped found and now serves as the artistic director. Performances are expected to start April 23, 2015.

The man was also found with a pipe commonly used to smoke crack cocaine, he said.

The retail theft charge was upgraded to a felony due to a prior conviction. The man had also received warnings to stay out of the store, resulting in the misdemeanor criminal trespass charge, police said.

An Evanston woman was arrested in connection with a theft from The Home Depot on Tuesday.

The woman concealed eight tiles in a shopping cart and failed to pay for them before leaving the store, Parrott said. The incident was caught on video.

The total value of the items amounted to more than $167, police said.

“

paigeleskin2017@u.northwestern.edu

Police Blotter Man arrested in connection with drug and theft charges A man was detained Monday after failing to pay for about $80 worth of laundry detergent, police said.

The man was charged with retail theft, misdemeanor possession of drug paraphernalia and misdemeanor criminal trespass to property after attempting to steal Tide laundry detergent from Jewel-Osco, Evanston police Cmdr. Jay Parrott said.

Evanston woman arrested in connection with retail theft

”

­— Marissa Mizroch

Thursday, september 25, 2014 Tisdahl attends summit calling for action to maintain clean drinking water.

Page 5

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SPEND WINTER 2015 IN WASHINGTON D.C. Have you ever dreamed of rubbing elbows with the movers and shakers on Capitol Hill? Would you like to learn how D.C. operates from the inside as legislators, the Obama administration and advocacy groups grapple with key issues facing the country?

The Northwestern undergraduate program in Washington is an exciting opportunity for students to gain invaluable knowledge and experience about how DC operates, working as interns in the mix of organizations involved in a variety of important national issues while taking seminars in privacy and civil liberties in an era of National Security Agency scandals, and presidential power versus congressional clout.

The program, which provides four units of academic credit through the internship/practicum and two seminars, also gives students the opportunity to forge ongoing relationships with organizations and companies in D.C. that have yielded subsequent internships and jobs. The program is offered every winter quarter so that students are there to witness either an inaugural address or a State of the Union address. Students work out of Medill’s D.C. Bureau at 1325 G Street, NW, Suite 730, about two blocks from the Metro Center subway stop.

If you are interested in finding out more about the Winter 2015 program, attend a meeting on Thursday, October 9 at 5pm in Fisk 311.

If you are interested but can’t attend the meeting, please contact Prof. Ellen Shearer at shearer@northwestern.edu.

Thursday, september 25, 2014 the daily northwestern | NEWS 3

“

On Campus

It is the largest change to the MCAT in a generation.

”

— Eric Chiu , executive director of pre-medical programs at Kaplan Test Prep

Pre-med students rust to take MCAT before exam sees major changes Page 4

NU scientists create 1st blood test for depression

By Christine farolan

daily senior staffer @crfarolan

Scientists at Northwestern Medicine are developing the first blood test to diagnose depression in adults.

The test measures the levels of nine biological markers in a patient to identify how well he or she responds to treatment. These markers are found in the RNA, which interprets DNA’s genetic code. The behavior of the markers allow the test to predict what kind of treatment will benefit an individual the most.

The study, published Sept. 16 in Translational Psychiatry, is the “first measurable, blood-based evidence of therapy’s success,”

according to a University news release.

“This test brings mental health diagnosis into the 21st century and offers the first personalized medicine approach to people suffering from depression,” said Dr. Eva Redei, Feinberg professor and co-lead author of the study, in a news release.

Redei also worked on a blood test to diagnose depression in teens in 2012.

“We already reported on the test results for 15-19 year olds who had their first depressive episode,” Redei said in an email to The Daily.

“We hope that these tests and others that follow will be implemented in the near future.”

The study for adult diagnosis involved 32 patients ages 21 to 79 who have depression.

Their nine RNA markers were compared to those of a control group who did not have

depression and found to be significantly different.

After undergoing therapy for 18 weeks, the patients participated in clinical interviews and self-reporting to determine whom remained depressed. At this point, the blood test proved the effectiveness of therapy on certain patients with biological evidence.

John Dunkle, executive director of NU’s Counseling and Psychological Services, explained that the blood test diagnosis method, like a new drug, would need to undergo extensive testing before it could be approved for use with college students.

“With any type of new procedure or intervention, CAPS would look at the research and whether or not it’s recommended from professional organizations under what are referred to

as treatment guidelines,” Dunkle said.

Because the blood tests for both adults and adolescents are still in the research and development phase, they will not be incorporated into clinical care until after regulatory approval, Redei said.

“But if it does reach there, of course we would definitely look at it and see how and if we can implement it for our students,” Dunkle said.

CAPS currently uses a combination of clinical interviews and forms filled out by patients to diagnose depression in students.

“I do hope that the tests will be used in college campuses in the future,” Redei said in an email.

we remain committed to working with postsecondary education institutions and borrowers to ensure that student debt is manageable,” U.S. Education Secretary Arne Duncan said in a statement.

Despite the lower default rates, they remain higher than pre-recession levels.

The department singled out 20 for-profit schools and one continuing education school for having default rates so high they could be denied eligibility for loans and grants from the government.

Among those schools is Coast Career Institute in Los Angeles and San Diego College.

“I encourage institutions that may be subject to sanctions to communicate with their students to ensure that they understand the implications of a potential loss of access to federal loans,” Duncan said in the statement.

A Marquette University fraternity has been placed on probation for a hazing incident last spring.

The Sigma Phi Delta chapter will be on probation until May 15, 2016, and will be required to take specific steps to avoid suspension.

Those steps include a membership review, a review of the fraternity’s new member education process and a three-year improvement plan, Marquette spokesman Andy Brodzeller confirmed Wednesday.

Sigma Phi Delta was officially warned by the university after a hazing incident at its fraternity house.

Sigma Phi Delta and two other fraternities — Triangle and Delta Chi — also were issued official warnings tied to unrelated allegations of sexual misconduct in April.

The probation order against Sigma Phi Delta is not related to sexual misconduct allegations, Brodzeller said.

No disciplinary action beyond official warning letters was directed toward any of the three fraternities in connection with sexual misconduct.

“Those allegations were made against individual students, not student organizations,” Brodzeller said. “As a result, these cases are handled in individual student conduct hearings, not student organizational hearings.”

Brodzeller declined to comment on whether disciplinary action was taken against individuals in any of the three fraternities.

“Any case of sexual misconduct made against an individual is reported to the Milwaukee Police Department and is investigated,” Brodzeller said.

The Division of Student Affairs, which investigates possible violations of the student code, did meet with leaders of each fraternity. The division then led additional sexual misconduct training for the fraternities beyond the university-sponsored training in sexual violence prevention and bystander intervention that Marquette already provides to freshmen.

University statements have not offered any details about the allegations.

christinefarolan2017@u.northwestern.edu

Across Campuses Federal student loan defaults on decline, Education Department says

The percentage of students who are defaulting on federal loans has declined to some of the lowest levels in recent years, according to findings released Wednesday by the U.S. Education Department.

Students who began repaying loans in 2011 are defaulting at a rate of 13.7%, compared with 14.7% for those who began repayments in 2010.

The drop spanned all sectors of education — from public to private institutions — even as about 650,000 more students began repaying loans in 2011 compared with 2010.

Federal education officials in recent years have created initiatives to help borrowers manage their debt, programs they credit with helping to lower default rates. Among those initiatives, for example, are counseling sessions to help students understand their loan obligations and how income-based repayment plans work.

“The number of students who default on their federal student loans is still too high, and

— Kurtis Lee (Los Angeles Times)

Hazing incident puts Marquette University fraternity on probation

WANGECHI MUTU: A FANTASTIC JOURNEY

OPENING DAY CELEBRATION SATURDAY, 9/27 2–5PM ARTIST TALK: 2:30PM Meet artist Wangechi Mutu and join her for a discussion about her creative process and her art.

MARY AND LEIGH BLOCK MUSEUM OF ART Admission is free and open to all

Wangechi Mutu: A Fantastic Journey is organized by the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University. Wangechi Mutu, Riding Death in My Sleep , 2002, detail © Wangechi Mutu.

www.blockmuseum.northwestern.edu

— Karen Herzog (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel)

FALL 2014

4 NEWS | the daily northwestern Thursday, september 25, 2014

Premed students rush to take MCAT before changes

By Jeanne Kuang

daily senior staffer @jeannekuang

Northwestern premedical students are rushing to take the MCAT before the new version of the test, which will be longer and include more subjects, is administered in April.

The exam used for admission to medical school will be administered six more times from November to the end of January before it undergoes significant changes, including an extension to a total of more than six hours of testing time and the addition of a social and behavioral sciences section.

The MCAT2015 will also feature critical analysis and reasoning skills sections to encourage medical school applicants to be well-rounded, according to the test’s developer, the Association of American Medical Colleges.

“It is the largest change to the MCAT in a generation,” said Eric Chiu, executive director of premedical programs at Kaplan Test Prep, which offers classes and practice materials for the exam.

Many premedical students at NU said they have either taken the test earlier than planned or seen their classmates rushing to register. Last year, 302 undergraduate students from NU applied to medical school, according to the AAMC. Weinberg junior Bryan Huebner said he took the test earlier this month, two quarters before the spring of his junior year when premedical students typically take the MCAT. Huebner said he took the test early to avoid the long testing time and new subjects.

“I just had a gut feeling those questions would be more ambiguous,” Huebner said, adding the new subjects are less focused on hard science.

Weinberg junior Jenny Zhang said she felt she would be unprepared for the MCAT2015. She took

Evanston to take part in day of service

Evanston is making its own contribution to a national community service day by hosting a volunteering event next month.

Source: Creative Commons

TAKING TESTS The new MCAT will take more than six hours to complete and include social science questions. The Association of American Medical Colleges made the changes to encourage medical students to be well-rounded.

the test earlier this month and said she has seen many classmates looking to take it soon so they can take advantage of existing preparation materials.

“I guess our year will probably be a guinea pig year,” Zhang said. “If they come out with a new exam, there’s no way to know what’s actually going to be

The United Way Evanston Day of Caring, which will be held Oct. 25, is sponsored by the city, Northwestern, Rotary International, NorthShore University HealthSystem and First Bank & Trust. Organizers are hoping to attract 300 volunteers to work on multiple projects around the city and for different organizations throughout the day.

“The United Way Evanston Day of Caring event is a great opportunity for community members to

come together to show support for local organizations that play a tremendous role in making our city one-of-a-kind,” Evanston Mayor Elizabeth Tisdahl said in a news release.

The volunteer opportunities are with Evanston/ Skokie School District 65, Youth Organizations Umbrella and Connections for the Homeless, among others. People will be able to participate in many activities throughout the day, such as mentorship

on the test.”

Zhang said she took the test early because the new exam would require knowledge in psychology and sociology, neither of which she has taken before.

“The new test focuses more on the role in society physicians have,” she said. “I think it’s really important.

It’s just difficult transitioning into it.”

Instead of rushing to take the test early, however, Weinberg junior Jessi Marone plans to take the MCAT2015 in the spring. She said she wants to take her time completing a prerequisite class before the exam, and her knowledge as an anthropology minor may help improve her score on a test that includes the social sciences.

“I think the social science component is really important because medicine is a really social science,” Marone said. “You’re working directly with people, and if you don’t understand the people you’re trying to serve, you’re completely underserving them.”

Marone called the new exam’s length “daunting” and “frustrating.”

“I don’t understand why they modified it without shortening a section,” she said.

A Kaplan survey of 78 medical schools found no consensus on which test scores are preferred by school admissions for applicants who have a choice. While 44 percent of schools told Kaplan they had no preference, 28 percent recommended the current test and 27 percent suggested the MCAT2015.

The Feinberg School of Medicine’s admissions department will accept either test score for a threeyear period and students can submit either version of the test or both during that time, Warren Wallace, associate dean of admissions, said in an email to The Daily.

Wallace said the social science component of the test is “very much in-line with the orientation of Feinberg to produce well rounded physicians.” jeannekuang@u.northwestern.edu opportunities, donation sorting and park cleanup.

The event is part of USA Weekend Magazine’s Make a Difference Day, the largest national day of community service. The campaign has been going on for more than 20 years and brings out more than 1 million volunteers throughout the country annually.

— Rebecca Savransky

THIS WEEKEND IN MUSIC SEPT 26-28

27 SAT

Kids Fare: March with the Band Pick-Staiger, 10:30 a.m. $6/4

March with the Wildcat Marching Band in all its glory! Be sure to bring an instrument for playing along.

Bienen School of Music • Northwestern University

www.pickstaiger.org • 847.467.4000

THE DAILY NORTHWESTERN | NEWS 5

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2014

Tisdahl joins mayors at clean water summit

By REBECCA SAVRANSKY daily senior staffer @beccasavransky

Redefine your Future Seniors, apply now for a post-graduation assignment.

Choose your country and program.

peacecorps.gov/openings It only takes an hour to apply!

1.855.855.1961 | chicago@peacecorps.gov

Evanston Mayor Elizabeth Tisdahl joined other officials Wednesday in calling for immediate action to ensure water in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River remains clean and safe for drinking.

Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel addressed the topic at a summit on drinking water Wednesday, held at the Shedd Aquarium.

The event brought together mayors from the United States and Canada, in addition to leading experts in drinking water and environmental protection, to discuss the preservation of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River, which provide drinking water to more than 40 million people.

The summit was hosted by the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, a binational coalition of mayors and other local leaders who work to protect these bodies of water. The summit was held after the recent water crisis in Toledo, in which residents were told not to drink tap water due to algae in Lake Erie.

“Lake Michigan is a precious resource to the residents of Evanston,” Tisdahl said in a news release. “I am happy to join my fellow Mayors in advocating for these important initiatives.”

Attendees discussed the necessity of working with private and nonprofit sectors to prevent water sources from becoming unsafe, city manager Wally Bobkiewicz said in an email.

“Today, my fellow mayors and I stand united in our call for more, better and faster action to protect Great Lakes and St. Lawrence residents from the kind of threat that recently closed down Toledo’s drinking water system,” Mayor Rahm Emanuel said in a news release. “This situation cannot and will not be tolerated as the new normal.”

At the event, the mayors called for a

common limit across their areas for the toxin microcystin and an emergency response protocol to follow if it’s found in the water. They also expressed their desire to use more green infrastructure and pollution prevention measures to ensure clean water.

The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, which Evanston joined in 2007, also released its 2014 Sustainable Municipal Water Management Public Evaluation Lake Michigan is a Report for the precious resource city this month. to the residents The documents of Evanston. I am outline multiple topics including happy to join my water conservation fellow Mayors in and efficiency and advocating for water pollution prevention. theses important The report initiatives. documented several accomplishEvanston Mayor ments the city has Elizabeth Tisdahl completed, such as promoting water conservation, installing water meters and minimizing water loss. It included information about how the city carried out these efforts and outlined new goals for the upcoming year.

“Not only do government services, such as recycling and stormwater management, provide a strong backbone of source water protection, but an engaged and active community also does its part to preserve and maintain the area’s natural habitats and waterways,” the report said. “This partnership of community and government working together is critical in Evanston providing sustainable water management now and for the generations to come.”

“

rebeccasavransky2015@u.northwestern.edu

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DailyNorthwesternFIN_Sept2.indd 1

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Opinion

Join the online conversation at www.dailynorthwestern.com

Thursday, September 25, 2014

PAGE 6

Students reflect on U.S. News ranking Don’t spend time focusing on rankings quantified.

MATT GATES

Daily columnist

Northwestern students received devastating news earlier this month. No, the NU Administration has not implemented a UChicago-style core curriculum. The first snow has not fallen. And no, Dillo Day has not been canceled. NU has fallen one spot from 12th to 13th in the U.S. News annual college rankings.

But how should NU students respond to this news?

We should ignore it and carry on with our days. U.S. News relies on a flawed ranking methodology, creating results that are detrimental to both admissions counselors and students.

The emphasis placed on certain quantitative factors by the U.S. News rankings incentivizes college admissions boards to focus on certain aspects of a candidate’s profile that give a limited indication of his or her potential. “Student Selectivity,” which relies on SAT and ACT scores, percentage of student body that graduated in the top 10 or 25 percent of their high school classes and acceptance rate determines 12.5 percent of a U.S. News ranking.

Standardized tests are designed to allow colleges to have a universal assessment with which to compare students who have completed very different coursework.

However, emphasizing standardized test scores may cause colleges to compare the scores of applicants from backgrounds that are anything but standardized. Class rank is also an unfair standard by which to compare students. Students at prestigious high schools, such as Bronx Science in New York City, which have a long histories of academic excellence and award-winning alumni, likely face tougher competition to make it into the top 10 than students at less competitive high schools. Balancing the weight among an applicant’s scores and opportunities as well as a student’s ranking and high school is not a science that can be

Additionally, because a lower acceptance rate will result in a higher ranking, schools may try to solicit students who stand little chance of admission to apply. While most top schools such as NU practice holistic admissions that look beyond grades and standardized test scores, it is rare that a student with an average SAT score and an average class ranking — despite receiving advertising mail from NU — will actually be admitted to a top school.

Although 12.5 percent seems like a low number, colleges may try to alter this area of interest because other categories are not as easily controllable. Ratings by academics at colleges and high school guidance counselors, retention rate, graduation rate and alumni giving rate cannot be easily altered by colleges to improve their rankings.

The U.S. News rankings likewise encourage students to make decisions that may be detrimental to their success and happiness. Campus culture, location and size are all crucial factors in determining where a student will be happiest and most successful. Many of us hope having NU on our resumes will help us when applying for jobs and grad schools. However, the name of our school is not everything. Applicants from an institution ranked lower than NU who maintain higher GPAs, receive higher standardized test scores and perform better in extracurricular activities, internships and interviews may be more successful.

Likewise, we can earn post-college opportunities over students from Harvard or Yale who have weaker credentials than we do.

The “prestige” of a school is not the endall-be-all of how its graduates perform.

The U.S. rankings do not deserve the attention they are given, and the NU community should respond accordingly.

Matt Gates is a Weinberg sophomore. He can be reached at matthewgates2017@u.northwestern.edu.

If you would like to respond publicly to this column, send a letter to the editor to opinion@dailynorthwestern.com.

Northwestern deserves its drop in the rankings TOM Cui

Daily columnist

Northwestern freshmen — those of you still soaking this campus in, whose greatest worry is getting to class on time — I bear bad news.

You are arriving just as this school’s reputation is falling from its peak. NU fell one place in this September’s U.S. News & World Report college rankings. Even though admission rates have plunged to half of the rate a decade ago and much more is now spent on marketing the brand, it seems like NU’s reputation has plateaued. The University spent four consecutive years at twelfth place and it is not close to cracking the top ten.

That first paragraph is a bit hysterical, but it makes a point. Since Morton Schapiro’s appointment as president five years ago, NU has marketed itself better to undergraduate applicants despite a general lack of improvement. What prestige NU earned came from this university’s scale, 12 schools and almost a hundred departments that cover most academic disciplines of note. Its reputation may have gotten worse, stained by stories of students in blackface and in Native American garb and of sexual assault incidents. And there are more problems, masked or unwritten, that hit closer to the bone than the prestige that attracts us here.

In one way, the campus is still going through growing pains. It is not just that there is a North Campus-South Campus divide; there is also a divide between groups with different expectations of what NU should do for them. There are students from the North Shore who want to fight their way to a fancy business job, with “work hard, play hard” as their life motto. There are others from less fortunate backgrounds, roiled by the University’s financial aid regime and anticipating nothing but graduation and escape. For every theatre major working through the night on a set, there is an engineer working through the night in an underground lab.

In another way, the campus has its share of college-specific challenges like any other school.

Books are expensive, dorm life gets lonely and

a bad midterm feels like the world falling away at your feet. Greek recruitment puts students through a wringer, and midterms crash into your life all at once. All the research and extracurricular opportunities undergraduate admissions advertise are meaningless if someone, frozen in the culture of busyness NU perpetuates, doubts his or her worth on this campus.

It is true NU has a swarm of study abroad programs, internship connections and student groups. What those opportunities will not do is help students deal with everyday problems on this campus, or help students cope when they must confront loss or defeat.

When it comes to this part of college life, it is NU that squandered its opportunity. Counselling programs, like those at CAPS or at CARE, remain understaffed. Multicultural Student Affairs is a weak mediator on behalf of minority students. Little things like the biology major’s course inflexibility and the chore of finding funding for extracurricular projects are less serious, but just as prevalent issues.

These problems, combined and assembled, are why I hear just as many people wishing they never came here as those who are glad they did. In terms of alleviating the anxieties of college life and of fostering a community for its students, NU is nowhere close to being ranked 13. It could be ranked anywhere between 13 and 130.

NU is in the throes of an alumni donation campaign, and you can expect the administration to double down on the canvas it has painted of this school. You will hear more jibber-jabber about building well-rounded students, research potential and “opportunities,” and you will find how little that relates to campus life as it is. Yet these are also the moments when you can distance yourself from the busyness and confide in others, or sign up for programs like Sustained Dialogue - a support group started and managed by students. I bet that some of your love in this university, as an institution, will chip away - but that only means you have to redirect love to the people around you.

Tom Cui is a Weinberg senior. He can be reached at tianfangcui2015@u.northwestern.edu. If you would like to respond publicly to this column, send a letter to the editor to opinion@dailynorthwestern.com.

Register to vote, gain a voice in upcoming election bob hayes

Daily columnist

Throughout my young life, whenever my friends or classmates began to argue about politics, I backed away. Whenever I came across an online political argument while innocently scrolling through Facebook, I switched to scrolling through ESPN.com, a website that better represents my niche as an obsessive sports fanatic. I always removed – and I often continue to remove – myself from political discussions because they often devolve into a passionate sound and fury involving little more than partisan stubbornness and vitriol.

As politically ambivalent as I was while growing up, I look forward to exercising my vital right to political representation when I will go to the polls for the first time on Nov. 4. Nearly all of Northwestern’s students – many for the first time in their lives – have been constitutionally granted the same right to vote, and I strongly encourage you to register by the deadline on Oct. 7.

A large number of young, voting-eligible Americans ask, what is the point of voting if each of our votes means even less than a regular season baseball game? The popularly cited Downs paradox, or simply the paradox

of voting, states that an individual’s vote has an infinitesimally small chance of actually making a difference, and thus the costs outweigh the benefits by default.

Fortunately, the improvements of the American voting process over the years mean the costs of voting are no more than the short amount of time it takes to register and eventually to vote. The expansion of voting locations allows voters to fill out their ballots at nearly any hour of the day at a convenient location. According to economist Anthony Downs, while the benefit of voting is close to zero, the paradox fails in that the cost of voting within the modern system is hardly identifiable.

Looking at the benefits, we must understand that the physical product of each individual vote is less important than the broader sociopolitical meaning. I am not trying to make some jingoist, American exceptionalist argument from centuries past, but the importance of representation holds true today. If you choose to decline the right to vote, how do you have any right to critique our government? Making blind complaints about our government officials is one of America’s greatest pastimes. A citizen’s right to a vote equals a right to a voice.

Furthermore, just about any history or international relations class you can find in a course catalog discusses some form of widespread disenfranchisement, whether it

takes place abroad or in this country’s frighteningly recent history. We learn about the misfortunes of those who are or were cruelly denied suffrage, yet many of us fail to appreciate our own right to vote.

Although we will not be voting for a new president this fall, midterm elections still have a significant impact on our government.

In Cook County, voters will be deciding on a new U.S. Senator, U.S. Representative and Illinois governor, with polls for the latter two elections predicting exceptionally tight races.

The gubernatorial election between Republican Bruce Rauner and incumbent Democrat Pat Quinn could prove to be a pivotal election as the state government faces a bipartisan economic crossroads.

Whether voting in Illinois or in a different state, your vote gives you a fundamental right of representation while only taking a few minutes of your time. Even if you identify as an uninformed voter – as I myself do at this time – take some time to learn about candidates and their policies, as they could have a profound effect on our nation’s future.

Right now, register to vote online by Oct. 7 and give yourself a voice.

Bob Hayes is a Weinberg sophomore. He can be reached at roberthayes2017@u.northwestern.edu. If you would like to respond publicly to this column, send a Letter to the Editor to opinion@dailynorthwestern. com.

The Daily Northwestern Volume 135, Issue 5 Editor in Chief Ciara McCarthy

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Thursday, september 25, 2014 the daily northwestern | NEWS 9

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Enrichment

used to establish new headquarters at 1911 Church Street, where the organization can provide new space for learning and developmental activities, staff offices and collaborations between local agencies that serve youth.

stressed most students receive some form of financial aid and that NU is a need-blind institution.

Only about a third of NU students pay the full tuition price, which is roughly $46,000, Schapiro said.

Schapiro and Brawner discussed the value of higher education. Despite recent scrutiny about whether higher education is worth the often large price, Schapiro said he believes a university education has grown more valuable.

“When I graduated college in 1975, it used to take about 23 years to make up for all those costs, the opportunity costs and the direct costs. Now it takes less than 10,” Schapiro said.

“So it’s not only a great investment, it’s a better investment than it ever was.”

He also praised the role universities play in society.

“I think we’re leaving the millenials a more difficult world than we were left as a baby boomer by our parents,” Schapiro said. “I want to think that American higher education at a place like Northwestern is really part of the solution, not still another part of the problem.”

After Schapiro’s interview, students were invited to tour the mobile television studio aboard the bus, which parked between Kresge Hall and the McCormick Tribune Center.

The C-SPAN bus is currently touring all 14 universities in the Big Ten Conference to educate students about the network’s programming and its internship opportunities, C-SPAN spokeswoman Chellie Zou said.

The bus will visit Michigan State University on Thursday.

for the new office. Through focus groups with low-income students, Brown said she learned these students have struggled to build a community and often do not know where to go when they have questions or need support.

“A large part of the director’s role is going to be connecting students with appropriate resources,” she said.

Brown added that the director will also support low-income and first-generation students with issues such as financial aid, leadership training and academic difficulties. She said she hopes the director will be hired shortly and start by the first week of November.

Amanda This office Walsh, is going to help do president outreach with the of NU’s chapter of parents, it’s going to the Quest provide coaching, Scholars Network, support and said the leadership training office’s and hopefully compilation of resources that can resources for help. low-income and firstPatricia Telles-Irvin, generation vice president for student students will affairs be its biggest benefit. The office will also serve as a bridge between administrators, faculty and students, she said.

“I think the reason why it is so unbelievably important is simply that low-income and firstgeneration students don’t have the same needs as other students,” the Communication junior said.

“A lot of these students don’t necessarily know what college is like.”

Last year, NU’s chapter of the Quest Scholars Network drew attention to the experiences of low-income students on campus through “NU Class Confessions,” a website that allows students to anonymously share their experiences with different economic backgrounds. The group sponsored “Money Matters,” a week of programming devoted to issues of economic difference.

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10 NEWS | the daily northwestern THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2014

From the Lab Northwestern researchers make advances in memory and health technology

Northwestern discovers memory improvement method

Northwestern researchers discovered that using electrical current to stimulate the brain can improve memory, according to a study published last month.

This research could be used to treat conditions such as strokes, Alzheimer’s disease and other ailments that cause poor memory. “We show for the first time that you can specifically change memory functions of the brain in adults without surgery or drugs, which have not proven effective,�

Feinberg Prof. Joel Voss said. “This noninvasive stimulation improves the ability to learn new things. It has tremendous potential for treating memory disorders.�

To improve memory functions in

the brain, researchers used magnetic pulses called Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.

This is the first study to show lasting memory improvement after treatment.

Voss, the study’s senior author, explained the research in a University news release by comparing regions of the brain to a symphony orchestra and the stimulations to a world-renowned conductor. “The brain regions played together better after the stimulation,� he said.

Using stimulation to treat memory damage has multiple advantages over drugs or surgery. “No medication could be as specific as TMS for these memory networks,� said Jane Wang, a postdoctoral fellow in Voss’s lab. “There are a lot of different targets and it’s not easy to come up with any one receptor that’s involved in memory.� — Ciara McCarthy

Researchers create skin patch to detect health issues

Researchers from Northwestern and the University at Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a wearable skin patch that changes color when cardiovascular and skin issues arise.

The small wireless device is mechanically invisible, wearable 24 hours a day, and stretches and shrinks with the wearer’s skin.

It uses up to 3,600 liquid crystals that detect body heat and monitor potential health problems and dry skin. “One can imagine cosmetics companies being interested in the ability to measure skin’s dryness in a portable and non-intrusive way,� McCormick Prof. Yonggang Huang, one of the NU senior researchers, said in a news release. “This is the first device of its kind.�

Researchers tested the device on the wrists of subjects. They’ve concluded that it will be useful in medicine, although it needs additional testing before a usable model is made.

The liquid crystals can detect blood flow rate and skin hydration. An algorithm

interprets these findings and displays a color demonstrating the temperature distribution on that patch of skin within 30 seconds.

With thousands of temperature points covered by the patch to detect, the device rivals infrared technology used in hospitals, while being more practical and low-cost.

Infrared technology usually can only be used in clinical and laboratory settings due to constraints and cost. This new device is wireless and photonic, which means it is a semiconductor powered through light manipulation. “These results provide the first examples of ‘epidermal’ photonic sensors,� said John Rogers, one of the paper’s author and UIUC professor. “This technology significantly expands the range of functionality in skinmounted devices beyond that possible with electronics alone.�

The device can also utilize electromagnetic waves present in the air to power a heating system, detecting properties such as the skin’s thermal condition.

The paper is titled “Epidermal Photonic Devices for Quantitative Imaging of Temperature and Thermal Transport Characteristics of the Skin,� and was published Sept. 19. — Alice Yin

National News Multiple-victim shootings have reached ‘an alarming rate,’ FBI says

WASHINGTON — Active-shooter incidents, in which gunmen try to kill people in a populated area, are becoming more common and more deadly, according to a first-of-itskind FBI study released Wednesday.

In often chilling detail, the FBI study reveals that most of the 160 shooting incidents examined ended within just a few minutes and were almost always perpetrated by men. And each incident that occurs, officials add, can provide twisted inspiration for copycat killers down the road.

Between 2000 and 2006, the study found, an average of 6.4 active-shooter incidents

occurred annually. Between 2007 and 2013, the average more than doubled—to 16.4 such incidents each year. “It’s troubling,� FBI Assistant Director James F. Yacone told reporters. “They’re cropping up around the country at an alarming rate.�

The “copycat phenomenon,� added Andre B. Simons, of the FBI’s famed Behavioral Analysis Unit, “is real.�

The nation’s 18,000 law enforcement agencies, as well as fire and rescue departments, have been struggling to develop training and protocols for confronting active-shooter scenarios. Officials define an active shooter as “an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and

populated area.�

Some active-shooter incidents achieve lasting notoriety, as when 24-year-old James Holmes killed 12 people and wounded 70 at a movie theater in Aurora, Colo., in 2012.

Holmes’ trial—he has pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity—has been set to start in December, though that could be delayed.

Other active-shooter incidents studied by the FBI remain primarily local tragedies, as when 42-year-old Laurence Jones killed two people, wounded two others and then committed suicide at a Fresno, Calif., food processing plant in November 2012; or when 42-year-old Pedro Alberto Vargas killed six people at an apartment complex in Hialeah, Fla., in July

2013. “Many active shooters have a real or perceived, deeply held grievance,� Simons said, adding that the public shooting may give a sense of “omnipotent control plus notoriety.�

Vargas was subsequently killed by police in a shootout, an encounter that the study further notes puts law enforcement officers at real risk of harm. Law enforcement “engaged� a shooter in 45 of the 160 incidents studied.

In 21 of these incidents, officers were either killed or wounded. The numbers, officials say, drive home some life-or-death lessons. — Michael Doyle (McClathy Washington Bureau)

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THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2014 the daily northwestern | NEWS 11

Men’s Soccer From page 12

minutes of the matchup, including a shot by freshman midfielder Sam Forsgren which went agonizingly wide.

Despite the early excitement, the game slowed down considerably in the middle of the second half, with NU content to maintain possession and DePaul looking to absorb the pressure defensively.

The Cats did remain the brighter of the two teams, however, winning a couple of corner kicks in succession. On one such occasion, NU orchestrated the best chance of the half.

A short corner play drawn up on the training ground eventually fell to senior defender Nikko Boxall missing an absolute sitter. The New Zealand native skied it over the bar from six yards out with only the keeper to beat.

In a physical first half, it was DePaul senior Anthony Hunter who received the first caution of the match for a rough challenge in the 38th minute.

NU picked up where it left off right after the second half kick off with Missimo putting a shot high. He was able to make up for his missed shot when he put an unassisted low shot to the right of the Blue Demons keeper from just outside of the box 12 minutes into the second half. The junior stole the ball from a DePaul player in order to create the goal, which he was pleased with.

“My freshman year I always got a bunch of crap for not defending well,” Missimo said.

“Coach (Lenahan) has just pushed me to defend way harder and said goals will come if you defend, so it feels good to get one off defending.”

With the deadlock broken, the match really opened up and DePaul finally got some chances. Miller remained relatively untested until the 60th minute after some pressure from the Blue Demons.

The rest of the match had chances for both sides, but again it was NU who had the most clear and the highest number of opportunities.

Some pressure and a couple of corner kicks in the last 10 minutes of the match were not enough for DePaul to equalize.

The Cats are back in action again Sunday at Indiana for a tough Big Ten matchup. juliangerez2017@u.northwestern.edu

Photos by Nathan Richards and Sean Su/Daily Senior Staffers

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SPORTS

ON DECK Men’s Soccer 28 Indiana at NU, 1:30 p.m. Sunday

SEPT.

ON THE RECORD

Big Ten games are huge. We want to be Big Ten champs again.

— Maddy Carpenter, senior goalie

Thursday, September 25, 2014

@Wildcat_Extra

Wildcat’s defense holds for NU victory Men’s Soccer

Men’s Basketball

Adjust hopes for season By bobby pillote

the daily northwestern @BobbyPillote

Nathan Richards/Daily Senior Staffer

the wall Northwestern prepares to defend a DePaul set piece. The team rode another strong defensive effort to its fourth win of the year.

By julian gerez

daily senior staffer @JulianEGerez

Northwestern was its usual solid self defensively, pulling off a 1-0 win against neighbors DePaul on Wednesday in Evanston.

Junior midfielder Cole Missimo scored his third goal of the season and the only goal of the match with a low, driven shot in the 57th minute. The scoreline was not indicative of the events of the match, with the Wildcats outshooting the Blue Demons 13 to 7 in dominant fashion. Senior goalkeeper Tyler Miller, two-time Big Ten defensive player of the week this season, picked up his sixth shutout in just eight appearances this season in another great performance.

NU continued its streak of not scoring in the

first half of any of their eight matches this season, but coach Tim Lenahan said he wasn’t worried about that statistic.

“We had a chance to score in the first ten seconds of the game,” Lenahan said. “You’re just hopeful that those great opportunities start to come your way, but you have to create more chances to do that.”

Lenahan likened Wednesday’s victory to those of a famous London Premier League team.

“But then you get to a point where (you ask) do you want to score a second goal, a third goal — or with 15 minutes left, we’re going to close up shop and get that one-nothing win, and that’s what happened,” he said. “As long as you get one and keep the other team at zero, there’s been a lot of championships won in this world (like that), Chelsea being one of those teams.”

The Cats came out of the gates running, creating a couple of early chances within the first five

Nathan Richards/Daily Senior Staffer

heads up Drew Rosenberg plays a ball forward for his teammates. The sophomore midfielder has been a key contributor on both sides of the pitch.

» See men’s soccer, page 11

Round two against Big Ten newcomers No. Rutgers University vs. No. 13 Northwestern Evanston, IL 3 p.m. Friday

By Mike marut

daily senior staffer @mikeonthemic93

No. 13 Northwestern (6-3, 1-0 Big Ten) has another chance to take out fresh conference competition this weekend against Rutgers University (4-3, 0-1) as well as storied opponent No. 17 Indiana University (7-0, 0-0).

The first round of new Big Ten competition went well for the Wildcats who took down then-No. 2 Maryland 3-2.

The second round will prove to be just as formidable as NU takes on Rutgers.

Despite not being ranked in the top 20 teams by the National Field Hockey Coaches Association, the NCAA ranks the Scarlet Knights at No. 17 and the Cats rank 14.

“Rutgers … they’re good,” coach Tracey Fuchs said. “They’re hanging right around 20 in the (NCAA rankings) right now. It’s going to be a good matchup. We just need to keep getting better and execute our corners. We’re really excited for the game.”

This will be the first time ever the two field hockey squads face off.

Rutgers, in its first Big Ten game, fell to Iowa at home 3-0. The Hawkeyes were then ranked in the top-10 in the NFHCA polls. Despite being blanked against Iowa, the Scarlet Knights still present challenges for NU. “They’re similar to us,” Fuchs said.

“It doesn’t appear they have a superstar, but they’re solid along their midfield and backfield. Their penalty corner attack is pretty dangerous. They do a lot of low pushes, low drag flicks and high drag flicks, so it’s something we’ve been working on since we haven’t seen a lot of that this fall. Hopefully we’re going to stop them outside the circle

Field Hockey Sean Su/Daily Senior Staffer

the master Midfielder Dominique Masters brings the ball up the field. After a strong freshman campaign, the sophomore has had five goals and two assists so far this year.

and not give up many penalty corners, and we’ll be in good shape.”

Rutgers’ scoring is well spread out, with three players leading the team with 4 goals apiece. Assists primarily come from two of those scorers, Sofia Walia and Katie Champion. The Scarlet Knights also have five players whose shots are in the double digits.

To combat the team, Fuchs has been giving tips in practice on how to stop the attack.

“We’re going to press them just as hard as Maryland,” senior goalie Maddy Carpenter said. “Big Ten games are huge. We want to be Big Ten champs again. We can’t have any faults there, so I think it’s going to be

a real mental game for us.”

On Sunday, the Cats take on the Hoosiers. Two years ago, Indiana knocked off NU in the Big Ten tournament. After beating the Hoosiers last year but being eliminated early from the Big Ten tournament, the Cats are looking to score quickly and often.

“They’re on a roll,” Fuchs said. “We both have Friday games, so it’s an even playing field. Playing two top 20 teams is exciting. We’re playing on our home field, and typically we play quite well here.”

But the Cats still need to stay calm, cool and collected.

“Indiana beat us two years ago in the Big Ten tournament,” junior Kelley Stump said. “It’s always nice when we can get them back for that, but we’re going to stay calm and focused.”

This past week, both Stump and Carpenter earned Big Ten honors, Stump with Offensive Player of the Week and Carpenter with the defensive equivalent. Stump contributed primetime goals in the win over Maryland and Carpenter made eight saves, but neither could take all the credit themselves.

“The eight saves were enough for (the Big Ten) to say, ‘Hey you deserve this’,” Carpenter said. “At the same time, I had so much help from my defense.

Kelsey Gradwohl had an incredible post save. The amount of effort is no different than every week. Things just kind of fell in order for us.”

Stump credited her teammates as well.

“Working with the team, they’re amazing,” Stump said. “We help each other get better every day. The award is just a nice bonus for working hard every day. It’s nice to see all that hard work pay off, but I wouldn’t be there without my teammates. All of those goals were a result of great team play.” michaelmarut2016@u.northwestern.edu

Vic Law is the real deal.

Listed at 6 feet 7 inches and 185 pounds, the freshman forward stands as the heir apparent to the graduated Drew Crawford and will almost certainly be worth the price of admission.

But the rest of coach Chris Collins’ inaugural recruiting class? Don’t get too excited (at least not yet).

According to ESPN, Northwestern had the No. 31 recruiting class in 2014. That’s a good ranking and a major accomplishment for a historically bad program, but the harsh reality is that the Wildcats’ recruits are middling when compared to the rest of the Big Ten. Conference foes Ohio State, Maryland, Indiana, Purdue and Michigan all rank higher than NU, while Michigan State trails at No. 32. Nominally that’s exalted company, but powerhouses like the Buckeyes, Wolverines and Spartans already have incredible talent bases to plug their freshmen into. The cupboard is pretty bare for the Cats and will need several years of restocking.

This season’s recruiting class is a great first step, but of the six freshmen on the roster, Law is the only one likely to start or see serious playing time, at least at the outset of the year.

Assuming health, the starting five for NU will probably be senior guards Dave Sobolewski and JerShon Cobb in the back court and junior center Alex Olah, sophomore forward Sanjay Lumpkin and Law in the front court. Junior guard Tre Demps will reprise his role as a scorer off the bench, and sophomore forward Nathan Taphorn will partner with senior transfer forward Jeremiah Kreisberg to provide important relief minutes.

Freshmen not named Law will have to earn a spot in the rotation.

Bryant McIntosh will probably be the first to see time on the court. The 6-foot-3 combo guard has the talent to take over for Sobolewski if the veteran struggles as he did last year and the height and length to play with Cobb or Demps in the back court if Collins wants to run with a bigger, more defense-oriented lineup.

Forward Gavin Skelly is also likely to get into the vertically challenged Cats lineup simply because of his height. At 6-foot-8, he has the size and potential to develop into the power forward that NU so sorely lacked last season. Lone big-man Olah needs all the help he can get under the basket and will also need plenty of rest, so look for Collins to take advantage of his whole stable of tall players in one way or another.

The remaining freshmen, guard Johnnie Vassar and forwards Scottie Lindsey and Nick Segura, look to be more longterm projects. Vassar slots as the point guard of the future but doesn’t yet have a clear path to playing time. Lindsey and Segura, meanwhile, are simply raw players who Collins won’t yet trust with major roles on the court.

Make no mistake, NU is definitely on the rise. But even if it improves on last season, this team is still going to be bad.

Don’t hope for the NCAA Tournament and feel lucky if the final result is simply a winning record.

For now, low expectations are the key to an enjoyable season filled with watching players who will be exciting even when they aren’t winning. robertpillote2017@u.northwestern.edu