[WEEK 7] 1 Rubber -‐ Natural Rubber: Sap from rubber trees -‐ Synthetic Rubber: Petrochemical component
EPDM
Neoprene
Silicon
Sources (Left to Right): http://www.rollsheetrubber.com/file/914d2ab6-‐9823-‐4b37-‐88de-‐43b768ba6edd.jpg http://www.rubbersheetroll.com/images/neoprene_images/antistatic_neoprene_rubber.jpg http://www.siliconerubbersheetindia.com/photo/1375758.jpeg
-‐ Used for seals and other components that need waterproofing or insulating -‐ Deteriorates when weathered. Plastics -‐ Easily molded into a variety of shapes Types: Thermoplastics (Top): -‐ Moldable when heated and -‐ Solid when cooled -‐ Recyclable -‐ Examples: PVC piping, vinyl, acrylic and Perspex Source: http://images.wisegeek.com/pvc-‐pipe-‐fittings.jpg
Elastomers: -‐ Synthetic rubber Thermosetting (Bottom): -‐ Can only be molded once (not recyclable) -‐ Examples: Finishing surfaces, Insulation panels Source: http://compositepanelbuildingsystems.com/wp-‐ content/uploads/Composite-‐Structural-‐Insulated-‐ Sheathing.jpg
Paints Made up of: Binder, Diluent and pigment Types: Oil based and water based Property Characteristic Colour Consistency Resists fading from sunlight. Red dye tends to be less stable in sunlight
Durability
Needs to resist; chipping, cracking peeling, rain, air pollution, sunlight. Ranges from Matt – Gloss Water based latex paint is more flexible than oil based paint.
Gloss Flexibility / Plasticity
Detailing for Heat & Moisture
Moisture [Roof diagram with flashing, parapet etc…] For Water to Penetrate Needs all 3: 1. An opening: -‐ Planned (skylight window etc..), un-‐planned (building fault) -‐ Can be sealed with sealant or a gasket (preformed rubber) 2. Water present at the opening: -‐ Use gravity (ie. slopes at the ground level and sloped roofs). -‐ A drip or a break can be used to redirect water off surfaces. 3. A force to move water through the opening -‐ Gravity, wind air pressure Foundations: Tanking – Using a membrane to protect the exterior surface from water. Roof: Parapet with box gutter or eave gutter with no parapet. (sketch 4:17) [Capillary break sketch] PEC: Pressure Equalization Chamber. Created when an air pressure barrier is created in a capillary break to stop water being pumped through by chanes in air pressure. Heat Thermal Insulation: To reduce heat conduction. Thermal Break: made from non-‐conductive materials like rubber to prevent the transfer of cool or hot air from metal members into the building. Double-‐glazing: Airspaces created when double or triple glazing is used reduces the flow of heat through the glass. For radiation: Reflective surface on roofs or creating shade with verandahs, eaves or blinds. Thermal Mass: Used when there is a large difference I temperature between day and night. Air leakage: Has the same components as water leakage.
[WEEK 7] 3
Site Visit –Royal Melbourne Hospital Extension
Site Information -‐ Contract started 3 years ago -‐ $1.2 Billion including fittings -‐ Started excavating 2 years ago -‐ B6-‐B2: Car park -‐ B2-‐B1: Vaults are 2m thick with concrete -‐ G: Main Atrium -‐ Levels 1-‐6: General Hospital -‐ Level 7: Office and transitional space -‐ Level 8-‐14: Research Structural Components -‐ Building wrapped around the lift shaft, this works like a column providing the main support. -‐ Post tension used to save space required for the deeper beams to span the width and length of the site. -‐ Cranes limited to 12tonne maximum load.
Materials [Load Diagram – Steel concrete columns] -‐ Cold-‐formed steel stud framing provides lightweight yet strong support. -‐ Only the slab in poured INSITU, all other concrete is pre-‐cast -‐ Concrete is poured on Bondek with form ply providing temporary formwork. -‐ Concrete trucks are able to carry 7m3 of concrete, the slab requires (300-‐ 400m3). -‐ There is approximately 40-‐50,000 m3 of concrete (96-‐120,000 Tonnes), which creates a considerable downward weight force. -‐ This weight is transferred to the ground via columns on the ground floor. The steel coating is purely architectural and is in fact filled with reinforced concrete, which works well under compression.
Foundations: -‐ Uses soldier columns to counteract the lateral forces implied by the Earth around the excavation zone. -‐ The formwork (Top) is out of form ply and is filled with concrete after the steel reinforcement is laid. -‐ In between the soldier columns shotcrete is used and will eventually form the exterior walls to the below ground levels. -‐ Excavation goes down 6 levels. Pedestrian Bridge -‐ Was formed on site then lifted into place with a crane. -‐ Required a road closure for the day -‐ Hot rolled steel members -‐ Reduces safety risk of crossing at the road and increased access from the old section to the new section.
[WEEK 7] 5 Glossary Drip: An apparatus that protects the area below it from rainwater. Usually above a window or door. Vapor Barrier: Any material used for moisture protection from condensation or other sources Gutter: Collection point for water gathered on the roof. Gutters distribute water to down pipes via a slope. Parapet: ??? Down pipe: A vertical pipe that carries rain water from the roof down to the ground. Flashing: A section of metal (usually cold formed steel) designed to stop water entering in through joints between buildings sections (ie. the chimney and roof join). Insulation: To line or cover something to prevent heat, electricity or sound from exiting the space. Sealant: Material used for sealing to make the space air or watertight. Used on joints.