DanisaQuezada
English10
November7,2016
Ms.Kalick/CarltonCandide'sGardenCandideisasatirewrittenbyVoltaire.Voltairewroteitto pokefunatGottfriedWilhelmLeibniz'sideaofphilosophicaloptimism,thebeliefthatweliveinthe bestofallworlds.Voltairedisagreedwiththisphilosophy,aphilosophywhichDr.Pangloss,a characterfromthesatire,stronglybelievesin.Anotherphilosophythatisstatedinthesatireis Candide's,"butletuscultivateourgarden"To"cultivate[a]garden"meanstoimproveourselves throughopen–mindednessandadaptation.Onewayyoucanimproveyourselfisbybeingopento newideas.Candidedoesthisthroughoutthewholenovella.Atthebeginning,Candideblindly followsDrPangloss'sshowmorecontent
Theoldwomanisthequintessenceofafighter"Icaught[theplague]it.Imaginetoyourselfthe distressedsituationofthedaughterofaPope,onlyfifteenyearsold,who,inlessthanthreemonths, hadfeltthemiseriesofpovertyandslavery,hadbeenravishedalmosteveryday,hadbeheldher motherdrawninquarters,hadexperiencedfamineandwar,andwasdyingoftheplagueinAlgiers". TheoldwomanwasbornthedaughterofaPopeandlivedingreatwealthuntilshewasabout15 yearsold.Afterhershipgetstakenoverbypiratesherlifegoesdownhillfromthere,sheisraped seeshermothergetkilled,losesherloveandcatchestheplaguebutisstillabletosay"Ahundred timesIwasuponthepointofkillingmyself;butstillIlovedlife".AnotherfighterisCunegonde, whohasasimilarstorytotheoldwoman."IwasinbedandfastasleepwhenitpleasedGodtosend theBulgarianstoourdelightfulcastleofThunder–ten–Tronckh;theyslewmyfatherandbrother, andcutmymotherinpieces.AtallBulgarian,sixfeethigh,perceivingthatIhadfaintedawayat thissight,begantoravishme;thismademerecover;Iregainedmysenses..Iwantedtotearoutthe tallBulgarian'seyesThebrutegavemeacutintheleftsidewithhishanger"Cunegondehasbeen raped,cutopen,seenherwholefamilyslaughtered,
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TotheDepartmentofPublicSafety,Theamountofcaraccidentsthathappeneachyearcontinueto increase.Thiscontinuestohappenbecauseofthenumberofpeoplewhoconsistentlydrive distractedeveryday.Thisisduetoasurplusofreasons,however,manyfallsubjecttodriving distractedbecausetheyprioritizetheircellphonesmorethanwhatishappeningontheroadinfront ofthemIwasinvolvedinacaraccidentayearagowhenIwasstruckinmydriverssidedoorby anotherperson.Theeventsafterareablur,butIrememberlosingcontrolofmycar,travelingover themedianthatdividedthedirectionsoftraffic,spinningaround,andthenrollingovertoendup withthepassengersideofmycaronthegroundItwasamiracleshowmorecontent Hewassittingthere,hiscarbarelytouched,onhisphone.Whenaskedifhesawmetravelingonthe roadbeforehemadehisturn,heresponded,"Ididnotseeher.Iamsosorrythatthishappened."
AlthoughIamnotexactlysurewhyhedidnotseeme,Icanassureyouthatbythewaythatheacted afterwards,lookingathisphone,hewasdistractedwhilehewaswaitingtoleave.Thisyearinmy englishclass,wearelearningaboutthedifferentsatiricaltechniquesauthorsusetocriticizespecific issuesthatarefoundalarming.Ourclassanalyzedasatiricalpaper,"AModestProposal",byDr.
JonathanSwift,whowritesaboutthepovertythroughoutIrelandandEngland,providinga exaggeratedsolutiontocleartheproblem.Weweregivenanassignmenttowriteasatiricalessay basedonthesameformatasSwift'sproposal.Icanassureyouthatmypromptwasnotadifficult onetobrainstormManypeopleareguiltyofdrivingwithouttheirfullattentionontheroadInmy essay,Iconcludedthatapropersolutionwouldbetocompletelygetridofallcellphones,andany technologicaldevicesinstalledincarsthatleadtodistracteddriving.Thiswouldsolvemany problemssuchas,safertransportation,moneysavedandusedelsewherebecausethenationwould notneedcontributesomuchtoeconomicandsocietalloss,andalertnessonthe
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SatireinCandidebyVoltaire
VoltairewhowasaFrenchwriter,philosopherandoneoftheleadersoftheEnlightenmentisknown asoneofthegreatestsatiristever.Voltairewroteaboutimportantgenres:tragedy,history, philosophyandfictionjustashisEnglishcontemporarySamuelJohnsonAmericanheritage dictionarydefinessatireas,"Anartisticworkinwhichhumanviceorfollyisattackedthrough irony,derision,orwit.Ironyorcausticwitusedtoexposeorattackhumanfolly."Thesatiristadopts acriticalattitudeandusuallypresentshismaterialwithwitandhumorVoltaireusesmanyliterary writingtoolstosharehisviews.Voltairereasonsforusingsatireisbecausehebelievesitis entertainingwhichmanyshowmorecontent
"GottfriedandLeibnitz,theGermanphilosopher,providesVoltaire'smostspecifictargetin Candide,withthecomplexitiesofhisversionofoptimismreducedforsatiricpurposestobefacile formula"(WorldMasterpieces316)LeibnitzthoughtthateverythinghadacauseandaneffectHe believedthatforeverythingthathappenedtherewassomethingelsethatwouldfollowduetothe previous.ThroughVoltaire'sexperiences,hecametorealizethatnoteverythingwasforthebest.In thestory,irrationalideasaretaughttothemaincharacter,Candideaboutoptimisticversusthe realityoftherestoftheworld.Outofeveryunfortunatesituationinthestory,hisphilosopher–teacheradvisedCandidethateverythingintheworldhappensforareason"Privatemisfortunes contributetothegeneralgood,sothemoreprivatemisfortunesthereare,hemorewefindthatallis well."(Voltaire31)Panglosswasadevotedfriendandanoptimistwhoclaimsthatthereisnoeffect withoutacause,andthateverythinghasapurposePanglosswasnotmeanttobeadirectattackon Leibnitz.AlthoughVoltairewantedpeopletorealizehowdistortedLeibnitzideawas.Duringthe story,anearthquakestrikeskillingmany.Inreality,thisisahorrificpredicamenttobeinvolvedin. InPangloss'world,"Itisimpossibleforthingsnottobewheretheyare,becauseeverythingisfor thebest."(Voltaire35)Panglossbelievedthattheearthquakewasnecessaryin
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Satirereflectsindifferentwaysonoursocietytoday.Whilesatirewasalloverbackthentodaywe mainlyseeitinpoliticalcartoonsandontelevision.OntelevisionthereareshowsuchastheColbert ReportandJohnOliverwhorelay"newsreports"toviewers.Theyarepokingfunatthenewsgoing intheworldtoday.OneofthebiggestshowsofSatireisSNL.Mostrecentlytheyhavehad"Trump" onandhavebeenmakingfunofpresidentialcareerthusfarIntoday'ssocietythebigbuttandboobs arethegoalformanyupandcomingstars.Fortelevisionhoststhisgivesachanceforthemtomake parody'softhem.Forexample,EllenDeGenereshasdressedupasafictionalcousinofthe KardashiansInthiscostumeshehasthebighair,big
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Satireisagenreofliteraturethatuseswitforthepurposeofsocialcriticismandmockssocietal problems,suchasingovernment,businessandindividualstobringattentiontocertainfollies,vices, andabuses.("SatireExamplesandDefinition.")Theuseofsuchaliteraryformservestobring attentiontoissuesinsocietythatshouldbeimproved.Satireisdiverse,complexandcommonly characterizedin3ways,Horatian,Juvenalian,andMenippeanTomorrow'sBird"and"Weatethe ChildrenLast"aremoreoftheMenippeanstyleastheyattackthementalattitudesratherthan specificindividualsorentities.(MennipeanSatire)Satire,whenusedcorrectlyisnotaboutwhatis writtenbutwhatisimpliedIlluminatingthingsinhumannaturethatneedtobeimproved,suchas thepursuitofpowerandcorruptionasseenin"Tomorrow'sBird"and"WeAtetheChildrenLast".
"WeatetheChildrenLast",theauthorusessatiretobringtolighthoweasyinhumansocietyitisto forgettheuglyaspectsofoursocietybyignoringtheissuesandorhidingtheproblemawayinstead ofdealingwiththerootcause
"LesBonsSamaritans,alobbygroupforthepoor,thoughttoapplythiswondrousmedicalsolution toasocialproblem.Theysuggestedthattheoperationbemadeavailabletothosereceivingsocial assistance."(Martel103)
Ironyisapopulartoolusedwhenwritingsatire,anditisironicthatthegroupchargeswithhelping thelessfortunateisnamedLesBons
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Satireisagreattoolusedbymanywritersandactorssinceancienttimes.Theearliestexamplethat weknowaboutisascriptfrom2ndmillenniumBCinAncientEgypt(Definition:Satire)andsince thenhasevolvedintoagreatpartofoursociety.Satireisusedtopointoutthefaultsofhumanvice inorderforchangeandreformineitheroftwoways.ThereisaverybitterJuvenalianoramildand lightHoratianInordertofullyunderstandtheseformsofsatire,method,purpose,andapplications willbeaddressed.
Thebestwaystopresentsatireiseitherthroughincongruity,parody,reversals,orexaggeration. Whenawriterpresentsincongruity,thereareelementsthatareoutofplace,andtheyshouldn'tbe there.Thisnot...showmorecontent...
Forthisreason,satireoffendsveryfewpeople,butstillinspiresthatimportantchange.Whatever formsatiretakesishowthiswillbeaccomplished.IfitisJuvenalian,itisdonewithindignationand harshness.Thistoneissomewhatdarkandmakesinspireschangethoughaformofresentment.This isusuallymoresuccessfulthantheotherbecauseangercausesactionTheotherformisHoratian, andistheamusedandwittyformofsatire.Itispresentedasmockery,butnevertoinsultoroffend anyone.Thisisjusttoshowthefaultsofsomethingandmakepeoplerealizewhytheyarewrong. Bothencouragechange,andbothareimportant.
Arguably,oneofthemostsuccessfulJuvenaliansatireseverwrittenis"AModestProposal"by JonathanSwiftSwiftsatirizesmanythingsintheessay,withthemostprevalentbeingthewaythat EnglandtreatsIreland.Manyoftheinhabitantslivingtherewerepovertystrickenandstarvingto death.Swiftthenpresentshisplantosellthechildrenforfoodandthatwaytheycouldearnalittle bitofcashHesays,"IhavebeenassuredbyaveryknowingAmericanthatayounghealthychild wellnursedisatayearoldamostdelicious,nourishing,andwholesomefood"(JonathanSwift). Thisisaverystrongincongruitybecauseeatingbabiesisn'tsomething
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SatiresinShortStoriesIfashortstoryiscomparedtoaperson,thansatiresarethegorgeousclothes wornonthatperson.Satirescanmakethestorymorevividtoattracttheinterestofthereaders.Most ofstorieswhichusesatiresarereflecttheproblemsinthereallife.Therefore,theyinvolvethesocial issues.Thispaperwillidentifywhataresatireandanalysisthreeexamplesthatsatirizesocialissues inshortstoriesTherearemainlythreetypesofsatire,andthatareexaggeration,incongruityand parody.TheforthstoryofBreakingKneeswrittenbyZakariaTamerusesincongruitytodescribea unequalsocietyinSyriawhichispreferentialtotheauthorities.Thethirty–ninthstoryofBreaking KneeswrittenbyZakariaTamershowmorecontent
Peoplewillalwaystellliestocalumniatethepeoplewhoachievedsuccessbeforethem,thisis relatingtothehumanity.Thisstoryusesexaggerationsinceinthereallife,astupidpersoncannot getsuccessonlydependonheorsheisluck."Hewentthroughonthatpurelysuperficial'cram',and gotcompliments,too,whileothers,whoknewathousandtimesmorethanhe,gotplucked."(Luck,9) ThisistheusingofincongruityComparedwithotherpeople,Scoresbyissoluckthathetestingon thequestionhereviewedbefore.ThissentencecanprovetheopinionofthenarratorthatScoresbyis lucky."'Privately–hisgloryisanaccident–justaproductofincredibleluck.'"(Luck,14)Thisis thesentencethattalkedbyReverendandhewantsotherstobelievehimthatScoresbyisasilly person.Inaddition,through"Well,sir,everyoneofthemisarecordofsomeshoutingstupidityor other;and,takentogether,theyareproofthattheverybestthinginallthisworldthatcanbefalla manistobebornlucky."(Luck,27)InChristianity,peopleshouldbelievethatlifeisequal."The clergymanatmyleftwasanoldacquaintanceofmine–clergymannow,buthadspentthefirsthalf ofhislifeinthecampandfield,andasaninstructorinthemilitaryschoolatWoolwich"(Luck,12) Troughsentencethatclergymansaidwhichisnotproperforhisidentity,readerscanknowsomeof thewordsthathesaidmaynotcertainly.ThatclergymantaughtScoresbyalotwhenScoresbywas intheschool,buttheScoresbygotfamousandheastheteacherofScoresbydidn'tachievethat famous.Inpeople'smind,thepeoplewhohavemoreintelligenceshouldbemorefamous.However, inthisstory,theclergymandidn'tbecomepowerfulandhighstatusthanScoresbyTherefore,he jealoustheluckinessof
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SofarIhavebeenwildlyentertainedbyArcherVice.IhadhopedIwouldbeabletowatchtherest oftheseasontodaywhileonmy6hourbusridebutunfortunatelyArcherisnotavailablefor downloadonNetflix.I'msorrytohearaboutthepenguinadventure☹ Couldyoutrytodoitagain tomorroworwasitaoneshotdeal?Inanycasetheideaofyoubeingbummedoutissad,whatcanI dotocheeryouup?IfyouareintoadorableanimalsIamreallygreatatfindingvideosofanimals doingridiculouslycutethingsthatareboundtocheeryou
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IntheNetflixmockumentaryseries,AmericanVandal,createdbyDanPerrault,themaincharacter DylanMaxwell,an18–year–oldsenioratHanoverHighSchoolwasheldresponsibleforperforming vandalismon27carscausing$100Kworthofdisfiguring.EverybodybelievedthatDylanwasin chargeofthedestruction,despitethefactthatheclaimedinnocence.Instead,theythoughtAlex Trimboli,the"eyewitness,"MsShapiro,theSpanishteacherandeveryoneelsethatclaimedhewas behindthevandalismwerespeakingthetruth.TheyputDylanastheprimesuspectbasedonhispast withMsShapiroandfurthermorebecausetheybelievedhewascapableofcommittingsuchcrime. Theexamplesofsatirethatthecreatorsusedwerehumour,exaggerationandironyAdiversionwas utilisedtomaketheshowenjoyableforyoungpeople,yetwiththeuseofsatire,theycould influenceteenagerstoappreciatetheshowwhileacceptingagenuinemessageabouthowafalse allegationagainstanyonecoulddestroytheirlives.Manyofthepeopleintheshowwerebiased againstrebelliousteenagerswhichwassomethingthatDylanwasknownforbeing.Inthe mockumentary,DylanMaxwellwasaccusedbasedoffhisimage,hispast,aswellashislifestyleA significantnumberofthestudentsthatwererequestedtosharetheiropinionsaidthatwhatDylan hadtostatedidnotmakeadifferencesincehewasimbecilicandsoforth.Thethesisoftheshowis nevertoprejudgeapersonbasedontheirpast.
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HeySaints!It'sWilliamLogancomingtoyoulivefromtheMainOfficewithanincredibly importantmessageforanyoneinGrades9,10,11,or12.Ifyouhaven'theardyet,thecountryof Syriaiscurrentlyinastateofemergency.Approximately12.2millionpeoplearebeingenevlopedin acountryplaguedwithcivilwarandterrorism.ThepeopleofSyriaarebeingmurdered,tortured, bombed,andrapedPopeFrancishasissuedastatrementrequestingthatallCatholiccommunities, likeourschool,toanythingtheycantoaidtheSyrianpeople.WorkingwithBarbaraMcMorrow, ourDirectorofEducation,wehavedesignatedthisFridaythe18thas$5FridayforSyriaacross everyschoolinthePVNCSchoolBoardPleasebringin$5thisFriday
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Satire:TheArtofExposingFoolishnessPositionistheincentiveforsocietytoinnovateand perform.Thoseinhighpositionsmaythinkthemselvesabovesocietyandtheyarefoolsforthat thinking.AsWilliamShakespearewroteinhisplayAsYouLikeIta,"fooldoththinkheiswise, butaswisemanknowsheisafool"().Oneofthegreatestpitfallsofsocietyistheignoranceofits ownfoolishness,itisuptothewisetorecognizethisandexposeitforthebenefitofthepublicThe wiseusealiterarytechniqueknownassatire,toperformthisserviceforsociety.Withinsatirethere arethewhy's–thepurpose,andthehow's–themethod,bothofwhichcontributetothequestion: whatissatire?Well,whatissatire?Abasicdefinitionwouldbethemodewhichcombineshumor, irony,andridiculetobringaboutarecognitionorchangeinsociety().Thetypesofsatirefallinto twomaincategories:JuvenalianandHoratian.Theyderivefromtheshowmorecontent Commontechniquesinclude:exaggeration,incongruity,reversal,andparody.Splittingexaggeration intotwosubcategories,definedbytheInternationalReadingAssociationas,caricatureand burlesqueItdefinescaricatureasaphysicalexaggerationandburlesqueasanexaggerationof languageorintelligence().Incongruityincludestheuseofoxymora,metaphors,andirony,italso displayseventsthatareimpropertothesetting().Parodyimitatesthestyleofsomeperson,place,or thing;however,itisimportantforthereadertoknowtheoriginaltoknowwhattheauthoris satirizing().Thelast,reversal,simplymeanstopresentthingsoutoforder.Anexamplethatthe IRAgivesis,"whenayoungchildmakesallthedecisionsforafamily"Anaccomplishedsatirist canuseallthesetechniquestofullyconveythefoolishnessofthe
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Satire
AsCharlesDixonwalkedinhisofficehewasthinkingaboutwhatotherfunthingsheshoulddoto punishthestudentsatgoodoleMercedHigh.AsyoucouldseeMr.Dixonisthecommander,leader, orjustaswecallittoday,aprincipal.Afterthewarthathappenbetweenthestudentsandthestaff thereasbeenalotmorestrictnesstotheschoolrulesEversinceIleftthisschoolitsbasicallybeen morelikeapublicmilitaryschool.YourprobablywonderingwhyI'mnotatMercedHighSchool well,Igotkickedout.Iwaswalkingwithmydiscmantomyclassandallelectronicsmustbeoff whenthebellsringinfuriatelytherehappentobeasniperonthewestwingofthecampusandhas soonasthe...showmorecontent...
Theyshouldn'ttakethistotheirownhandshere.Weshouldn'tbegoingtoschoolifwearegoingto beabusedbyalltheminorcrimeswearedoingtheyshouldbegladweshowuptoclassanyways wedomaketheschoolmoneybuyshowingupsoshouldn'ttardiesbeoutofthepicture. WhenIshoweduptoschooltheyhadsnipersalloverme,unbelievableIshoweduptomyfirst classandallthestudentswereseatedintheredesk.IheardMr.Dixonputoutanewruleoutonthe tardypolicy,thatifyouweren'tinyourseatyouweretoasted.Theystillhadthesnipersuponthe roofsbuttheydidn'tonlyhavethattheyhadlasersinstalledineachclassroomthatwouldjustburn yourskinoff.
ThroughoutthedayIreunitedwithmyoldbuddiesTheyweregladtoseemebacktheyknewI wasgoingtogetmyrevenge.Ididn'twantDixonrunningtheprogramhereattheMercedHighsoI wasgoingtodosomethingaboutit.Igottheboystogetherandmostofourseniorclasswediscuss aboutwhatkindofriotshouldwebreakoutandthoughaboutwhatourconsequenceswecouldget bydoingthis.Weallcameupwithanideawe'regoingtoallbelatetoclass,youfigurethatthere areonlysomanysnipersthattheycantgetusall.Ourmainideawastoblowupthemainoffice,the attendanceoffice,andonebigpartoftheschool'sclassrooms,bydoingthattherebasically
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Humorservesasauniversalmedicine.Agoodlaughissurelytocureanycaseofsadness.In literature,eventhoughmanytimesauthorsincorporatesatirejustforhumor,otherauthorslikeJane Austenincludesatiretocommentonspecificpracticesofsociety.Socalled"good"satireconsistsof dryhumorwithweavedincriticismthataddressessocialnormsandcommonpracticesofaspecific eraInPrideandPrejudice,JaneAustensuccessfullysatirizessociety'sviewofmarriageandthe pressuressocietyputsuponwomentomarryamannotforlovebutfora"business"relation.In PrideandPrejudice,pressuresofsocietyforcewomentomarryjustformoneyandwealth,butsome ofthewomenseemarriageasmorethanjusta"business"Forshowmorecontent
Thenormofsocietywastomarryforwealthbecausemoremoneymeantahighersocialstatus. However,Austenisnotfondofmarriagebeingjustarelationbetweentwofamiliesandtherefore usesJane'scharactertoshowtheremustbesomechemistryamongthespousesinorderformarriage tobesuccessful.JanequestionsElizabeth'sengagementtoMr.DarcybecauseshethoughtElizabeth dislikedhim:"Anddoyoureallylovehimquiteenough?Oh,Lizzy!doanythingratherthanmarry withoutaffection"(353).EventhoughJanedoesnotwanthersistertoendupinarelationshipthat sheregretsherwholelife,thesocialnormsdidnotcareabouttheconditionsofamarriageaslongas itwasamarriage.Hence,AustensatirizesthecommonlyleadnotionsbecauseJanetellshersisterto makesureherrelationshipwithMr.Darcyhas"affection"init.Furthermore,inthefollowingMr. Collins'scharacterrepresentssociety'spictureofaregularmanwhoseesmarriageasa"business": "butifsheisreallyheadstrongandfoolish,Iknownotwhethershewouldaltogetherbeavery desirablewifetoamaninmysituation,whonaturallylooksfor
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StupidityorSatire?
Laughtercanbeaninstinctiveexpressionoflivelyamusementalthoughwedon'tusuallyrealisethe offenceofthejokewearelaughingat.Tamaradiscussesmodernsatireanditspositioninhumanity. Sometimestheworldweliveincanbetooblindedorcarelesstoreallydiscoverthereasonswhywe laughatsatiricalcomedySatirecanbelikeadreamWhenwereinthedreamwerememberbitsof detailsandwhenwewakeupwedon'trealisewhatourdreamwasaboutinthefirstplace.Satirecan relatetothisbecauseaswerewatchingsatiricalthingswereabletolaughatthesubjectofmockery evenwhenitcanbesostupid,yetwhenwewalkawayfromitweforgetwhatwewatchandkeep livingourlives.TVshowssuchasSummerHeightsiswell–knownandprominenttoalotofpeople includingmyselfandclosefamilyandfriends.Thereareprobablymanydifferentreasonswhywe watchthisstupidyetshowmorecontent
LilleymocksseveraldiversesubjectsincludingAsians,privateschoolgirls,Polynesianteenagers, housewives,policeofficers,deafpeopleandjuveniledetentionfacilities,justtonameafew"White meninsultingotherwhitemencanbefunnyyetstillamusing.JustasChinesepeoplemockingother Chinespeoplecanbeamusing.Whatisn'tfunnyispeoplelikeLilley,awhitemalemockingethnic minoritiesattheirexpensetogetssomelaughs"saidanoutragedviewer.
Now,letustakeacloserlookatoneofLilley'smockumentaries,'JonahfromTonga'(seepicture below)'JonahfromTonga'isanAustraliantelevisionserieswrittenbyandstarringLilleyA satiricaltechniquesuchasreversalisusedthroughoutthiswholemockumentary.It'sTVseriesthat followsthelifeofJonahTakalua,arebellious14yearoldAustralianboyofTonganbackground whohadbeenintroducedinLilley's2007series,SummerHeights
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Satirescontinueto"riseasoneofthecountry'smosteffectiveandinfluentialoriginalreporting platforms,"(Source7).Byincorporatinghumor,notlimitedtoskitsandcomicalvisuals,thereality withinsocialandpoliticalaffairsareshowntrue.Satiresareanimportantpartinthecountry's culture.Notonlyaresatiresentertaining,buttheyarealsorelevantnewsoutletsforthecountry. Thesereportingplatformsareinfluentialinthatthecountryformulatesopinionsbaseduponwhat thesatirereveals.Whileremainingcomedic,satiresprovokethoughtandilluminatepoliticaland socialopinion.Asanillustration,SaturdayNightLive(SNL)maintainsthepositionofareporting platformCreatorandProducerofSNL,LorneMichaels,wasawardedthePresidentialMedalof Freedombecausehereflectsandshapes,"criticalelementsofourpoliticalandnationallife," (Source2)ontheshow.Duetotherecentpresidentialelection,SNLhashadampleopportunityto portraypoliticaldiscourseinsatires.KarlBode,writerofTechDirtarticlesaid,"satiricalnews programsdoasignificantlybetterjobatreportingthenewsthanmostofthenation'sactualnews outlets"(Source7)ThewritersofSNLcritiquedbothcandidatespresidentelectTrumpmoreso Theskitsleftroomforpraiseandcriticism...showmorecontent...
Inegatethat"satiresgotoofar".Satiresarecreativeoutletstodepictrealissuestranspiring."We cannot,shouldnotpoliceourownthoughtsorthethoughtsofourfellowcitizens."(Source5) Satiresaren'ttheproblem;whattheyareexposingis.Asolutionforchallengersofsatireswouldbe: tothinkmoreclearly,evaluatemoreefficientlyandquestion,"WhydoIblamesatiresforaddressing whatmerelyisthetruth?"Satiresareanimportantpartofthecountry'scultureandarerelevantto nationalism.Therefore,theyshouldn'tbe
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SATIREESSAY
GoodeveningandwelcometoanothereditionoftheBBCsatiredocumentaryseries.Todaywewill beanalyzingthebattlegroundofsatiricalpoetry,examiningtwowell–knownsatiricalpoemscalled 'Life–Cycle'byBruceDaweand'HymnOfTheScientificFarmer'by CliveSansom.Butfirst,letslookatwhatasatireisandhowthevictoriouspoetannihilatesthefoe ofasatire.
AccordingtotheancientMacquarieDictionary,asatireisa'termappliedtoanyworkofliterature orartwhoseobjectiveistoridicule.'Usingridiculeormockeryinthebattleground,asatirehasthe avowedobjectiveofcorrectinghumanfaults,whilearousinglaughterorscorninitsintended audienceorbystandersofthe victoriousshowmorecontent
'HymnOfTheScientificFarmer'doesnotsingthepraisesofmodernfarmingmethodsasmightbe suggestedbyitstitle,butisanexampleofasatiricalpoemthatcriticizesthewayinwhichfarmers aredestroyingthelandthattheynowexploitfortheirownshort–termbenefit.Asthepoetdescribes inthebattleground,thefoe'slaughtertreesinthousands,''stripsthelanesofhedges,''robtheflourof virtue,'and'pumpthefowlswithhormones,'allforshorttermbenefitThefoe'sopinionofthe consequenceofthesepracticesarealsoexpressedwithnaïveandfalliblecommentsthattheywill 'takethegainsandgo'whenthelandisdestroyedandwill'notbetheretosee'theconsumerswho 'dieofcancer'duetothefoe'smalpractices
Itisstraightforwardlyidentifiabletothereadertheweaponsthatthevictorioussidehasusedto massacrethefoe.Usingadirectsatire(Afirst–personspeakeraddressesthereaderwhose conversationhelpsfurtherthespeaker'spurpose)inthepoem,thevictorioussidehasmassacredthe foeusingtheweaponsofstructuralirony(egthefarmersjudgment/conscienceisimpairedby personalinterests),innuendo(e.g.theindirectsuggestionofthelegitimacyofthefarmerspractices), andindirectcontemptuoussuggestionofthefarmers.CliveSansom
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Satireisaliterarytechniqueusedbywriterstoexposeandcriticizefoolishnessandcorruptionofan individualorasocietybyusinghumor,irony,exaggerationorridicule.Itintendstoimprove humanitybycriticizingitsfolliesandfoibles.Oftenasatireusesfictionalcharactersthatrepresent realpeople,todepictanddenouncetheircorruption.AfewexamplesofsatireswouldbeThe CanterburyTales,AnimalFarm,andGulliverTravelsThiswouldbeconsideredjuvenaliansatire becauseitiscausticandacerbic.Satireisusuallyaimedatethicalreform.JonathanSwift:hetook "delightinrevoltingideasfromwhicheveryothermindshrinkswithdigust".(12)JonathanSwift's "AModestProposalforPreventingtheChildrenofPoorPeopleinIrelandfromBeingaBurdento TheirParentsorCountry,andforMakingThemBeneficialtothePublic"laysthegroundworkfor thethemeshowmorecontent
(11)thosewhocannotaffordtolivebytheirownmeansarereducedtotheirretailvalue,andselect selectivebreeders.Thepoemisasatirethroughirony,becausethisisoneman'sopinionhowa nationbecamesoloathsomeandapatheticoftheirneighboringcountryIrelandHeisexaggerating hishateoftheIrish,inanattempttoridiculeandmockthegovernmentofhistimeperiod;heuses wordsthatdehumanizesthemsuchasdame,apathetictotheminanattemptexaggeratingmocking thegovernmentsimilartoWorldWarTwo,howtheNazipartyconsideredandtreatedtheJewish
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Whatisallaroundus?Whatisusedeveryday?Whatmakessomelaugh?Whatistheanswerto thesequestions?Theanswerissatire.Satireisaformofcriticismthatcanbeusedinmanyways andinmanydifferentsituations.Sometimessatireiseasytospot,othertimesitmaybeincognito.
Satireiscommonlyfoundinliteraryworks,movies,cartoons,andevensomenewscasts.The formaldefinitionofsatireistheuseofhumortoexposehumanfollies(Dictionarycom)Satireis mostlywrittenbecauseacertainissuebotheredtheauthor.Throughsatire,theseissuesarebrought intothesightofotherssothatissuescouldpossiblybeimproved.Therearefourtechniquesthatare usedtocreateasatireThereisexaggeration,showmorecontent
InthenovelLordoftheFliesbyWilliamGolding,satirecanbefoundintheactionsofone characternamedPiggy.Piggyistheboythatisthenerdorintellectualofthegroup.Piggy representstheintellectualsthatcreatedthatatomicbombinWWII.Goldingwasstronglyopposedto theatomicbombhencethesatireinhisnovel.Thefirstexampleofsatireisfoundinchaptertwo TheboysaretryingtostartafireandtheyareallgatheringwoodexceptforPiggyInsteadof helpingPiggy,"...justsat."(Golding39)andwatchedeveryoneelsedothework.Thisisan exampleofHoratiansatire.Goldingdoesn'toutrightsaythatheismakingfunoftheintellects,itis subtle.Thenextpieceofsatireisinchaptereight.Anassemblyhasbeencalledandthedecisionof movingthefireontothebeachhasbeenmade.Piggywastheonewhosuggestedthis,andbecause hewassoproudofhimself,hehelpedfetchwood(118)Eventhoughhehelped,thewoodwasclose athandsohedidn'thavetoexerthimselftoomuch.ThisisalsoanexampleofHoratiansatire becauseGoldingisimplyingthattheintellectsdon'tactuallydothatmuchwork,theytendtojust bosspeoplearoundunlesstheywanttodoagooddeedeveryonceinawhileTheonetechniquethat isusedhereinbothexamplesisparody.Piggyisimitatingtheactions,orlackthereof,ofthe intellectswhoinventedtheatomicbomb.ThenextbookthathassatireinitisHarperLee'sTokilla
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