Equilibrium and solubility Partition coefficients
316 319
Chapter 22: Reaction kinetics
324
Factors affecting reaction rate Rate of reaction Rate equations Which order of reaction? Calculations involving the rate constant, k Deducing order of reaction from raw data Kinetics and reaction mechanisms Catalysis
325 325 330 332 334 335 338 340
Chapter 23: Entropy and Gibbs free energy 349 Introducing entropy Chance and spontaneous change Calculating entropy changes Entropy and temperature Entropy, enthalpy changes and free energy Gibbs free energy Gibbs free energy calculations
Chapter 24: Transition elements What is a transition element? Physical properties of the transition elements Redox reactions Ligands and complex formation
Chapter 25: Benzene and its compounds The benzene ring Reactions of arenes Phenol Reactions of phenol
350 350 354 357 357 358 360
366
Chapter 29: Analytical chemistry Chromatography Proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy Mass spectrometry
412 413 414 418 421 422 425 426
433 434 439 444 446
Chapter 30: Organic synthesis
456
Designing new medicinal drugs
457
Chapter P2: Practical skills 2
464
Written examination of practical skills Planning Analysis, conclusions and evaluation
465 465 468
Appendix 1: The Periodic Table of the Elements
473
381
Appendix 2: Selected standard electrode potentials
474
Appendix 3: Qualitative analysis notes
475
Glossary
477
Index
486
Acknowledgements
493
382 384 387 388
393
The acidity of carboxylic acids Oxidation of two carboxylic acids Acyl chlorides
394 395 396
Amines Formation of amines Amino acids Peptides Reactions of the amides Electrophoresis
Condensation polymerisation Synthetic polyamides Biochemical polymers The importance of hydrogen bonding in DNA Polyesters Designing useful polymers Degradable polymers Polymer deductions
411
367 369 369 371
Chapter 26: Carboxylic acids and their derivatives
Chapter 27: Organic nitrogen compounds
Chapter 28: Polymerisation
400 401 402 404 405 406 407
v
Terms and conditions of use for the CD-ROM 494