Cow Country News - June 2022

hiefelbein

GOAT 271

Of Greatest All Time Schiefelbein GOAT 271 Reg #: 20199806 Birth Date: 01/24/2021 EPD ACC % Rank

CED BW WW +4 +.3 +91 .35 .56 .45 WW: 1% YW: 1%

YW SC Doc Milk CW Marb RE +167 +1.07 +28 +30 +69 +.81 +.71 .36 .40 .35 .30 .40 .36 .36 SC: 20% Doc: 10% Milk: 20% CW: 10% Marb: 25%

There’s a reason he’s the GOAT! The $232,000 bull shattered all of our records when he entered the sale ring this February!

• Schiefelbein GOAT (Greatest Of All Time) was the $232,000 record-high selling bull of the 2022 Schiefelbein sale, where he was sought after by some of the top breeders in the business.

• GOAT, A low birthweight bull with elite performance numbers, boasting WW and YW EPDs in the top 1% while still maintaining an ideal frame size.

• The GOAT also posted impressive scan data combining a 17.2 REA with a 4.56 IMF. • The GOAT stands on an impeccable set of feet and legs, but don’t just take our word for it, go see the GOAT for yourself at World West Sires in Joliet MT!.

• The GOAT’s true herd bull presence is evident by his strong Angus characteristics from his head all the way through his massive body to his thick hind end. He is a thick topped beast with boatloads of rib and muscle shape, and possesses a deep, thick hindquarter. This big scrotal bull is extremely docile and moves on a big, sound foot. His outcross pedigree and light birthweight makes him an ideal choice for heifers. His top 1% for both WW & YW EPDs means you won’t sacrifice any pounds at weaning time. Not to mention he is one of the highest marbling Showman sons in the country; his marbling EPD ranks in the top 25% and $B and $C EPDs rank in the top 15%. Nowhere else in the country will you find another heifer bull with his marbling, such good looks, power and muscle.

$M +67 $F: 15%

$F +107

$G +60

$G: 20%

$C +284 $C: 10%

Schiefelbein Attractive 4565 Showman 338 Frosty Elba 3745 Baldridge 38 Special Frosty Elba 2928 Frosty Elba 1654 Don’t miss out on your chance to add these genetics to your herd!

The GOAT is now successfully collecting semen. This semen will be available to anyone and the wait list has been started.

Contact these owners:

Tim Schiefelbein: (320) 224-5830 Tim Marlatt, TK Angus: (308) 360-1601 Mike Jones, Coles Bend Cattle: (270)-670-7588 Lynden Smith: (308) 430-5224

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COLUMNISTS 07 Cary King: President’s Thoughts 08 Ryan Quarles: Commissioner's Corner 09 Dave Maples: Thoughts from Dave 19 Candace Smith & Lindsay Burley: Protecting Farmland in the Midst of Bankruptcy 20 Dr. Michelle Arnold: UK Fundamentals of Herd Health: Vaccinations for the Cow-Calf Operation 24 Chris Teutsch: High Hay Costs Make Extending Grazing Even More Important 68 Dr. Jeff Lehmkuhler: Be Mindful of Heat Stress to Maintain Stocker Calf Gains

FEATURE STORIES 10 UK Entomology Student Recording, Evaluating State’s Tick Population 15 Welcome KCA Summer Interns 28 Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Awards Youth Scholarship 30 2022 Research Looks Different At Princeton Station 36 The Practical Economics of Farm-to-Table Grass-Finished Beef

QUALITY ANGUS GENETICS

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12 NCBA Legislative Update 14 County News 16 Economic & Policy Update 26 Membership 32 Kentucky Beef Council 34 Kentucky Beef Network 38 Kentucky Angus Association News 44 Calendar of Events 45 Advertisers Index 45 Classifieds COVER PHOTO submitted by Heather Graham Wolfe County

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My wife is an extremely patient woman. She is a kindergarten teacher. She spends days herding five-year-old children through a world of distractions all while trying to teach them their ABCs and 123s. My intermittent and very brief appearances into her world reinforce the fact her job is not for me. Not only does she spend her day with 20 runny noses and sticky hands calling her name, she gets to put up with me as well. The work I do and hours I keep are not easy to deal with. I go through an unbelievable amount of laundry from the farm that keeps our washing machine constantly running and hay and dust in the floor no matter how hard I try to be neat. I never know when a minor farm emergency needing immediate action will come up that alters the time I told her I was going to be done so our weekend plans can begin.

My life is also one constant checkpoint of “when calving is over,” “when bulls are turned out” or “when calves are weaned” for when my schedule will ease up. My wife is a saint. Your spouse is a saint if they put up with you in full time agriculture. Your spouse is an even bigger saint if they put up with you in a full-time job and night and weekend farming. We like to think in agriculture that we work harder than anyone. It is a point of pride of many to earn their shower at the end of the day (yours included). Agriculture is not alone though. Anyone who runs a business could be working 24/7 365 and still not get everything done. One thing I can tell you about my wife that I am sure her class would tell you is that she has an extreme amount of patience…until that patience runs out.

I, as well as Mrs. Lowe’s kindergarten class, have no doubt been on the receiving end of her monologues about expectations and what she needs from us to have a good day. My wife is very understanding about calving season and bull sale season. However, we must remember that we have chosen this demanding profession. Even though it feels like “busy season” can be 10 months out of the year, working in agriculture is not a military deployment 10 months at a time- though I could get quite a bit done in 10 uninterrupted months. I have found it best to adopt the approach of take time now or make time later. I have written before how you can take time to be proactive and take care of your health with an active routine and appropriate diet before you have to make a laundry list of doctor’s appointments. The same can be said of your personal relationships. I can take time to make positive memories when I have a little bit of time (we all have time if we make it) or I can make time after a strong talking to that doesn’t allow our time together to have the same relationship building properties it might have. I can take time to get my truck routine maintenance or make time (and money) for a major repair later. I can take time to mow my yard now or I can make time to rake it after it gets ahead of me.

The analogies go on and on.

For too many years in a row, the seedstock industry as a whole hasn’t taken time to cover the basics and now they’re having to make time for it. It is very clear that many seedstock producers are having to dial back their continual growth and carcass push to relearn the fundamentals. Feet on a herd of cattle are fine until suddenly they’re not. You aren’t pulling calves until all of a sudden you are. Heifers are getting bred fine until they’re not. Cows are

slicking off until they’re carrying hair well into the summer. Like your health, personal life, vehicle and yard, these problems literally do not happen overnight. You have to take time for them today or make time for them later. For over 40 years we have been covering the basics in our cow herd. They must breed, possess structural soundness and raise a profitable calf at all marketing points during the calf’s life cycle. If the cow can’t do the first two, the third isn’t possible. As new selection tools are being released, it is very clear that we have taken time to make those a priority in our cow herd.

Animals in our herd put together combinations of traits pertaining to profitability unmatched anywhere in the industry. This is not an overstatement. The proof is in the data.

One thing I always remind myself of when I have worn my wife’s patience thin is that our objectives are aligned, and it is on us as a team to tackle the issues at hand. We are on the same team, and if you are teammates you should have the same goals. We both want more quality time together. We both want the financial freedom to do the things we wish. We also both want the reward of a purpose driven life in our daily endeavors during our individual work days. We have to work together to achieve those things in concert with one another or we will never succeed. I am also on the same team as my customers. I want profitable calf crops for commercial cattlemen no matter when you choose to cash out your ownership stake in that animal. In a way that would make Ayn Rand proud I care most about genetics that generate not just pounds but maintain the efficiency to drive profit. Just like in marriage, it is easier to cut off small problems before they start than to work through them later. It is much easier to live a life being proactive than it is reactive. It is also easier to run a cow herd being proactive than reactive. Come see us this summer, and we will show you what proactive decision making in a cow herd looks like.

9TH ANNUAL FALL BULL SALE MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2022 WWW.OAKHOLLOWANGUS.COM KENNETH D. LOWE 270-202-7186 JOE K. LOWE II 270-202-4399 SMITHS GROVE, KENTUCKY

June • Cow Country • 5

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OFFICERS:

KCA PAST PRESIDENTS:

PRESIDENT Cary King 250 Bright Leaf Drive Harrodsburg, KY 40330 (859) 613-3734

PAST PRESIDENT Chris Cooper 2140 Tates Creek Road Richmond, KY 40475 (859) 200-7711

PRESIDENT ELECT Andy Bishop 6135 High Grove Road Cox's Creek, KY 40013 (502) 350-7609

KCA PROGRAM CHAIRMAN Daniel Hayden 6333 Herbert Road Whitesville, KY 42378 (270) 570-2815

VICE PRESIDENT Jeff Pettit 5745 US Highway 41 S Seebree, KY 42455 (270) 836-2963 TREASURER Ken Adams 90 E Horseshoe Ave. Upton, KY 42784 (270) 734-1443

1972-73 Jere Caldwell - Boyle

†

1974-77 Smith T. Powell† - Lincoln

2003 Mark Williams - Crittenden

1978-79 Larry Lovell† - Union

2004 Paul Napier - Lincoln

1980-82 John Masters† - Mason

2005 Eddie Young - Washington

1983-85 Seldon Hail - Laurel

2006 Greg Ritter - Barren

1986-87 Bob Vickery - Wayne

2007 Don Pemberton - Christian

†

†

†

KBN CHAIRMAN* Allan Bryant BEEF SOLUTIONS CHAIRMAN* Jeff Pettit

REGION 1 Bobby Bell*.................................270-547-8547 Buddy Cook.................................270-275-1274 Ashley Holloway.................................................

Leland Steely...............................270-339-3476 Don Pemberton...........................270-889-3855 Wayne Zoleman...........................270-315-7812

1988 Glenn Mackie - Bourbon

2008 Billy Glenn Turpin - Madison

1989 Dale Lovell - Muhlenberg

2009 Scotty Parsons - Christian

1990 Steve Henshaw - Union

2010 Corinne Kephart - Shelby

1991 Jerry Fraim - Grayson

2011 Greg Robey - Mercer

1992 Glen Massengale† - Wayne

2012 Mike Bach - Bath

1993 Dell King - Christian

2013 Don Reynolds - Hart

1994 Kenneth Lowe - Warren

2014 Steve Downs - Marion

1995 Dr. J.L.Cole - Monroe

2015 Gary Woodall - Logan

Dennis Smith..............................270-590-2840

1996 Harvey Mitchell - Mercer

2016 David Lemaster - Clark

Trent Jones.................................270-590-5266

1997 Jim Naive† - Spencer

2017 Chuck Crutcher - Hardin

Chuck Crutcher...........................270-272-6269

1998 Shelby Hughes - Logan

2018 Bobby Foree - Henry

Allison Nissley.............................270-403-3205

1999 Hoppy Lovell - Barren

2019 Tim White - Fayette

Steven Green...............................270-528-1720

2000 Charles Miller - Jessamine

2020 Steve Dunning - Christian

Maggie Vaughn...........................270-590-8017

2001 Larry Clay - Perry

2021 Chris Cooper - Madison

Mike Bullock................................270-792-9644

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KBC CHAIRMAN Joe Lowe PO Box 205 Smith’s Grove, KY 42171 (270) 202-4399

REGIONAL DIRECTORS: 2002 Jack Kimbrough - Shelby

†

*ex officio

Mark Heimgartner........................270-875-2585 Jeremy Armstrong......................270-668-2056 Blake Munger..............................270-293-8830 Sara Roberson............................270-668-2428 REGION 2 Adam Maulden*..........................270-590-1005

(Deceased)

†

Corbin Cowles.............................270-991-2534 Kirk Cecil.....................................270-692-7698 Isaac Thompson.........................270-789-8712 Rayetta Boone.............................270-230-5488 Andy Joe Moore..........................270-590-0841 Brian Manion...............................270-868-0253 Phyllis Gentry..............................502-331-1146 REGION 3 Allan Bryant*..............................502-548-1379 Allen Phillips...............................502-220-0948 Wanda Hawkins..........................502-321-5602 Phillip Douglas............................502-552-0688 Larry Bryant................................502-845-4615 Amanda Hall................................859-333-5001 Nicole Goecke.............................606-782-2263 Maynard Stetten..........................502-609-4986 Kevin Perkins..............................502-269-7189 John Allison................................502-220-3170 Michelle Simon..................................................

REGION 4 Randy Warner*............................859-771-5280 Lisa Baesler................................859-509-5020

Governor Andy Beshear proclaims May is Beef Month in Kentucky!

Tim White....................................859-509-5401 Amy White...................................859-227-2552

Photo submitted by Kylie Trail Kentucky Beef Council

Donovan Pigg..............................502-229-9187

VOLUME 35 • ISSUE 6

Bruce Witt...................................859-585-8889

176 PASADENA DRIVE • SUITE 4 • LEXINGTON, KY 40503 • PHONE: (859) 278-0899

Mike Ravencraft...........................606-584-0310

FAX: (859) 260-2060 • WWW.KYCATTLE.ORG • INFO@KYCATTLE.ORG

Brandon Sears...................................................

Jodi Purvis..................................606-336-3540

Danny Callahan...........................859-388-0910

Dave Maples Executive Vice President

REGION 5

Staff Accountant Kelly Tucker

Membership Coordinator Nikki Whitaker

Graphic Designer Todd Brown

Director of Kentucky Beef Network Becky Thompson

KBC Director of Product Development Katelyn Hawkins

Video Production Specialist Danny Coy

Tommy Spalding..........................270-402-9157

KBN Industry Coordinator Dan Miller

KBC Director of Brand Management Kylie Trail

Brent Ware..................................606-305-8612

Publication Coordinator Carey Brown

KBC Director of Education Bradon Burks

National Advertising Sales, Livestock Advertising Network Debby Nichols (859) 321-8770

Adam Chunglo*..........................859-613-2985 Herman Benge.............................606-862-6451 Dean Craft....................................606-634-0191 Rick Brewer.................................606-682-2352 Danny Ray Spalding....................859-336-0444 Gary Ford....................................270-402-2194 Aaron Burke................................859-265-1172

COW COUNTRY is published monthly by THE KENTUCKY CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATION. The publisher reserves the right to refuse any material which he feels is unsuitable for the publication. Although the highest journalistic ethics will be maintained, the KENTUCKY CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATION limits its responsibilities for any errors, inaccuracies, or misprints in advertising or editorial copy. Advertisers and advertising agencies assume liability for all content of advertisements made against the publisher.

6 • Cow Country • June

Ryan Miller..................................502-827-5027 C. Mike Spalding..........................270-699-6587 Jared Foley..................................270-585-1331 * Denotes member of Executive committee

Presidents Thoughts Cary King President, Kentucky Cattlemen's Association Feels like we have jumped right into summertime, hope everyone has had a great spring calving season, the grass is hitting its stride.

When thinking about what to talk about this month I realized that since becoming your President I have been able to see some of the many benefits we all receive from our check off dollars and how your dollar drives demand for beef.

It’s amazing how much time the average person spends on social media, so if people are online, we want to influence their food purchases. Food influencers include social media personalities focused on recipes, cooking, and entertaining. Culinary influencers are people are in the restaurant business. There are people like us, who are ag influencers and members of the cattle industry who can bring the truth about how we actually run our farms and treat our animals. We need to jump at the chance to share our stories! Nutrition influencers, like personal trainers, dietitians and doctors, can provide evidence-based health and wellness recommendations.

If you are listening to the radio while rolling that hay field, you should hear the voice of the Kentucky Wildcats Tom Leach as he is a new spokesperson for Kentucky’s beef farm families. You will also still see billboards and lots of digital advertising as well. Everyone needs to tell their story based on their particular area of expertise, and these dollars help to influence the worlds protein purchasing.

Speaking of world, how about our exports? We are growing our markets around the world at a rapid rate. Let’s look at some 2021 numbers:

lean beef has become so high quality, and brings such a high price, we can’t afford to grind much of our own. So as you read and listen to any of the negativity that is so easily spoken remember it’s easy to gripe and tear down those that are working every day to promote our products. I see a lot of good people that get up every day, and fight the battle for America’s cattle farmers.We produce the best protein in the world, in the greatest state in the nation!

If I can be of help to you, come visit your county meetings or wonderful community events where beef is served, please contact me, I would love to come!

Cary King

Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association President 859-613-3734 cell • 859-278-0899 office

As a member, you’re among more than 10,000 cattlemen and cattlewomen across the state who bring a unified voice for Kentucky’s cattle industry.

Your membership strengthens the association and helps ensure our success for future generations.

Japan - Our export volume was 152,940 metric tons of beef, up 9% over 2020, our market share of all beef in that country is 51.5%. That’s $2.376 Billion dollars!

South Korea - 84.725 metric tons, up 22% over 2020, with a 66% market share in that country, worth $2.383 Billion dollars.

China - Has really just started, and they are at $2.092 billion dollars.

Some of these countries are buying variety meats that we don’t have much market for in the US. Mexico - Buys tripe and popular items for tacos like lips Japan - Buys a lot of tongues Egypt - Buys livers South Africa – Buys livers and kidneys Peru - Buys livers China – Buys a lot of tripe These cuts add a value per head of $407 and the growth of our exports going into 2022 is breaking all records!

While we do import some beef into our country, a lot of it is low quality, low price lean that we can grind to mix with our trim for the huge amount of ground beef we consume nationwide. Our

Not a member? https://kycattle.org/joinnow.html

Commissioner's Corner Ryan Quarles

Commissioner of Agriculture

I want to take the opportunity to applaud our state legislators for passing several bills and resolutions during the 2022 General Assembly session that help Kentucky’s agriculture producers and support our $46 billion ag industry.

Our newly approved $86 million Kentucky Department of Agriculture budget includes: • A $500,000 appropriation for KDA’s Raising Hope campaign that funds partnered initiatives between KDA, state universities and the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services. The program focuses on the mental and physical health of agricultural producers by increasing awareness of mental health issues, normalizing the discussion of the topic, reducing the stigma of seeking help, and showing farmer appreciation.

• A $100,000 budget increase awarded to the ‘Farm to Food Banks Program’, an initiative that supports food banks purchasing Kentucky-grown produce from our farmers, raising the total annual program budget to $600,000.

• Capital improvement grants for county fairs increased from $300,000 to $455,000.

When I was first elected commissioner, I began to modernize KDA and the statutes that define our responsibilities.

During this session, House Bill (HB) 271 reorganized the membership of the Fair Council and the Agritourism Advisory Council and clarified the duties for the Office of the State Veterinarian to maintain the health and welfare of agricultural industries for livestock, poultry, and fish. HB 273 changed statutes governing amusement ride regulations, increasing the amount of liability insurance the owners must maintain. HB 306 updated statutes that define KDA’s responsibilities with respect to pesticides and noxious weeds. HB 451 revised legal definitions for some types of motor fuel and what constitutes a retail facility.

My goal as commissioner has also focused on improving the quality of life 8 • Cow Country • June

for citizens of our commonwealth. Since 2016, I have made it my mission to reduce hunger in Kentucky. My Hunger Initiative is a first-of-its-kind effort to bring together farmers, charitable organizations, faith groups, community leaders, and government entities. Two bills and a resolution passed this session help support this initiative: • Senate Bill (SB) 151, the “Barrier to Breakfast Bill,” permits school districts to serve breakfast to students during the first 15 minutes of instructional time.

• SB 42 allows school districts to increase their food purchasing from local farmers, exempting local fresh produce and meat products from the state’s regular competitive negotiation requirements.

in plans, discussions, and meetings to give the state full advantage in agriculture-related endeavors.

• SB 121 streamlines the process for those who use agriculture exemption license numbers, allowing producers not to pay sales tax on certain agriculture-related items purchased in retail stores.

• House Resolution 69 urges the Federal Aviation Administration to update its regulations pertaining to agricultural drones that are currently geared toward airplane and helicopter uses.

I am proud of all the hard work our public servants have done for our commonwealth. I appreciate everyone’s efforts on behalf of Kentucky’s agricultural communities.

• HCR (House Concurrent Resolution) 47 recognizes Madison County Schools for its leadership in embracing the farm-to-school concept in hopes that other Kentucky school systems will emulate what Madison County has achieved. KDA’s Farm-to-School program brings fresh, high-quality Kentucky Proud products to Kentucky school systems.

Allison Char Charolais Breeder Sinc AllisonAllison Charolais • Charolais

Bulls Availa

Charolais Breeder CharolaisSince Breeder1962 Since 1962

Several other pieces of agriculture-related legislation also passed through the General Assembly this year:

• •

Ø Bull calves out of HCR Answe • Kentucky agriculture families and the agriculture communities in western SPIRIT out of HCR Answer4007.

2042 and Kentucky may get assistance from Ø Bull calvesHCR HB 5 and SB Ø 5, companion bills Bull calves out ofØ HCR Answer 2042ease andand gro HCR SPIRIT Bred for4007. calving that provide around $200 million in for calving ease and growth. funds to the West Kentucky State AidØ Bred4007.

HCR SPIRIT Øfor Bulls for bothandpurebred com Funding for Emergencies for tornadoØ Bulls both purebred commercialand breeders. disaster recovery and relief.

The Ø Bred for calvingØease and growth. and two-year-olds available.

Yearlings and two-year-olds av tornadoes Dec. 10-11 and again Jan. Ø Yearlings 1 devastated many rural agricultureBred heifersand to calve in fall available. Ø Bulls for bothØpurebred commercial Ø Bred heifers to calvebreeders. in fall ava focused communities in the western portion of theØ state.

John Allison, Owner David Carter, Farm Manager John Allison Yearlings and two-year-olds available.

Bulls Available Bulls CHAROLAIS Available

BULLS & HEIFERS AVAILABLE

545 Eminence Road 502-706-0075 • HB 390 directs the Cabinet for John545 Allison, Owner David C Eminence Road New Castle, KY 40050 Ø Bred toheifers to calve in fall available.

Economic Development give notice 545New Eminence 502-220-3170 Castle, Road KY 40050 to the agriculture commissioner New Castle, KY 40050 when it receives information about an (502) 220-3170 John Allison, Owner David Carter, Farm Manager 502-220-3170 agricultural-related opportunity. The 545 Eminence Road 502-706-0075 notice would allow KDA to participate

New Castle, KY 40050 502-220-3170

From Dave's Desk

Biden announced a billion-dollar incentive through the Meat and Poultry Expansion Program for small and regional processors.

Dave Maples Executive Vice President If you think this is easy money and that the grant process is easy, you better think again Kentucky cattlemen and business owners can The General Assembly recently passed because it is not. Most of these companies get the job done. Another comment would be language in House Bill 8 that will exempt have had to hire consultants and grant writers to never give up. It is all about timing. KCA drugs and over-the-counter drugs purchased for a very difficult process that they have a has worked on this issue for well over 10 by a person regularly engaged in the business high probability of not receiving any funding. years. I never really understood why this was of farming from sales and use tax. Governor I want to commend these companies for such a hard ask. Kentucky was one of only Beshear vetoed the entire bill but the General making the effort and not sitting back and four states that charged sales taxes on animal Assembly overrode the veto. The exemption waiting. health products. All of the surrounding will not take effect until January 1, 2023.

I can see the results of the investments that states were exempt from sale taxes, so many The passage of the bill was somewhat Kentucky producers purchased their vaccines the Governor's office and the Kentucky anticlimactic because it was an item in the Office of Ag Policy has made in local meat in either Indiana, Ohio or Tennessee for the conference committee. KCA has worked processing. Over the last month most of the most part. I had a larger farmer who lived on this issue for many years. Over the years calls that I have received have been about close to the Tennessee state line tell me one we might get in through the House and meat processing or from meat processors. To time that I didn’t need to be spending my Senate but it would die before it got to the time on this issue because he didn’t pay those be really honest if you would have asked me Governor. One session we got it through 2 years ago if we would have a processor in taxes anyway (because he bought them in both Chambers and then Governor Matt the state processing over 175 head of cattle Tennessee).

Bevins vetoed it. We were well on our way a day, I would have had doubts. Not only do I hope this will entice some of the animal again in 2020, then the pandemic hit and we we have that processor, we have another that heath distributors to locate in Kentucky. I lost momentum. However, Senator Givens is doing over 75 head per day. I see several also hope that you will appreciate the work did not forget and with his no drama way of others in expansion mode and if we are lucky and effort that KCA put into this effort. doing business he got the job done. Thank enough to receive some of these federal funds you, Senator Givens.

On another note, I have spent a good bit you might see a real explosion in regional and of time writing recommendation letters This is one example of how working with local processing. for Kentucky meat processors. President your trade association and several individual

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UK Entomology Student Recording, Evaluating State’s Tick Population Katie Pratt University of Kentucky Ticks are a concern for anyone who spends a significant amount of time outdoors.

A University of Kentucky entomology graduate student is collecting ticks from across Kentucky to determine the make-up of the state’s tick population.

Anna Pasternak, a student in the UK College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, is gathering information for the new Kentucky Tick Surveillance Program. She is conducting the program in partnership with the Kentucky Department of Public Health.

The program will provide insights into the ticks found in the state and will give UK entomologists, public health professionals, government officials and other stakeholders valuable information to help them prepare for new tick species entering the state and find ways to minimize the effects of tickborne diseases.

“With its many forests, humidity and large

deer population, Kentucky provides an ideal environment for many tick species,” said Jonathan Larson, UK extension entomologist and a member of Pasternak’s master’s degree advisory committee. “Anna’s survey will give us a good picture of the types of ticks that are out there, so we can minimize their effects.”

Since she began her graduate degree program in January 2019, Pasternak has cataloged more than 2,700 ticks from across Kentucky. Before her survey, only 36 counties had any type of tick-related data.

Now, more than 90 counties have some information about the ticks in their area. In 2019, Pasternak collected ticks from public areas from April through September, the time when ticks are the most active. She is doing so again this year. She also accepts submissions from Kentucky veterinarians and UK Cooperative Extension Service 8’10”,10’2” and 11’6” working widths

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agents.

“Within the past year, the most common ticks found in Kentucky are the lone star tick, blacklegged tick and the American dog tick. All are vectors of human diseases,” Pasternak said. “These ticks and their pathogens are established throughout the state.”

Fortunately, only a small percentage of these ticks transmit diseases. Most bites are an itchy nuisance that last between seven and 10 days.

Thus far, the lone star tick has been the most common tick in Pasternak’s survey.

Female lone star ticks are by a white spot on their backs, while males are a reddishbrown. Lone star ticks are vectors of human ehrlichiosis, a bacterial disease and alpha-gal syndrome, known as the “red meat allergy.”

All developmental stages of the tick will feed on humans, and unlike other tick species that lay in wait for a host, lone star ticks actively seek out a blood meal.

The blacklegged tick is the only species that tends to be active year-round, and it is the only vector of Lyme disease. Blacklegged ticks have a reddish-brown body, dark head,

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Blacklegged Tick

Photos courtesy of Anna Pasternak, UK entomology graduate student

long mouthparts and dark legs. Males have a dark plate that covers their whole body, while females have a dark plate that only covers half of their body.

The American dog tick is the primary vector of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. It is reddish brown with mottled white markings on its back. Only adult American dog ticks feed on humans.

“For Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain spotted fever to transmit to humans, ticks have to be attached to a person for several hours. That’s why it’s important for people to check themselves for ticks every few hours while outside and especially on areas of their body where ticks are commonly found like the behind the ears, hair, neck, legs and around the waist,” Larson said. “Prompt tick removal using fine-tipped tweezers can significantly lower a person’s risk for getting a tickrelated disease.”

Members of the public interested in submitting ticks to Pasternak for inclusion in the Kentucky Tick Surveillance Program should contact their local office of the UK Cooperative Extension Service to see if they are allowing sample submissions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additional information on tick bite prevention and proper tick removal is available in UK entomology’s ENTFACT 618: Ticks and Disease in Kentucky. It is available online at https://entomology. ca.uky.edu/ef618 or by contacting a local extension office.

As we face the certainty of higher input costs and the promise of higher cattle prices, itʼs time to explore what truly makes efficient, profitable cattle. The cow/calf producer is the most important link in the chain of beef production. It is our responsibility to produce a product that meets the consumerʼs needs but is also efficient for all those throughout the process.

The structure of an animal is an important starting point and it begins with the feet. If they cannot walk, they will not last. Unfortunately, bad feet are being ignored in the name of genetic improvement. We cannot overlook this issue just to produce a great set of EPDʼs in our cowherds.

The answer is not to hire a foot trimmer twice a year to go through the herd, thatʼs not economically feasible. Any animal that shows up with screw claw, or any other abnormality, needs to be culled and taken out of the gene pool. It has always been important for Stone Gate Farms to produce sound cattle that can perform for however long they are needed in the chain of production and we do stand behind them.

The registered industry has also become enamored with frame size again, or lack of it. In our 70 year history we have seen cattle from belt high to head high. The trend is now going towards a smaller animal. When you start breeding for 4 to 5 frame animals with the idea of efficiency in mind, you soon get just the opposite. This will produce too many low 4s and even 3 frame ones that become too inefficient in the feedlot and in carcass size. You will also get bulls that are too small to service average size cows as yearlings. Our program has never followed the different fads with frame size. We have selected for the most efficient animals and they have consistently been in the 5 to 6 frame range, it is the optimum size for us. The picture is from the 1950s of a 20 month old 4-H show steer, letʼs hope we donʼt get there again.

As we move forward in building our cowherds, itʼs important to keep in mind basic principles, like structure, to produce efficient cattle. Donʼt let the lure of a magical set of numbers take our focus away from what we really need to be producing. If we concentrate on an optimum set of numbers and pay close attention to what we are producing, then we have a better chance of avoiding major problems that effect profitability.

1669 MILL CREEK RD. • FLEMINGSBURG, KY 41041 CHARLES CANNON: 606-849-4278 • CELL: 606-748-0747 JERE CANNON: 606-849-4360 • CELL: 606-748-6306 CHRIS CANNON: 606-748-0407 • VICTORIA CANNON: 606-748-5420 WWW.STONEGATEFARMS.COM • STONEGATEANGUS@GMAIL.COM

June • Cow Country • 11

LEGISLATIVE UPDATE NCBA PRESIDENT URGES CONGRESS TO ADOPT BROADLY SUPPORTED CATTLE MARKET POLICIES WASHINGTON (April 27, 2022) – Today, National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) President Don Schiefelbein, a Minnesota cattle producer, testified before the House Agriculture Committee in a hearing on issues in the cattle markets. Schiefelbein urged House members to support key policies with broad, unified support across the entire cattle industry including a cattle contract library, Livestock Mandatory Reporting (LMR) reauthorization, and investments in small regional processing capacity expansion.

“The only people who know exactly how cattle producers should navigate these uncertain times are the individuals who work around the clock, day in and day out, to raise the safest and highest quality beef in the world—in other words: cattle producers,” said Schiefelbein.

Schiefelbein’s testimony was rooted in the policies adopted by NCBA through its century-old grassroots policymaking process.

Instead of focusing on controversial matters, NCBA has encouraged Congress to support policies with wide industry backing. “Broadly supported proposals have seen tremendous legislative success in this chamber recently,” said Schiefelbein. “However, repeatedly belaboring the same divisive issues has detracted from that collaborative work to the benefit of no one. It is time to move on and focus on areas where agreement can be reached.”

NCBA stands ready to work with policymakers to develop solutions that strength the cattle markets and benefit producers in every sector and region of the country.

NCBA RENEWS CALL FOR SUSPENSION OF BRAZILIAN BEEF IMPORTS Following the recent USDA report highlighting an increase in Brazilian beef imports, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) renewed its call for the immediate suspension of fresh beef imports from Brazil. NCBA has repeatedly called for a thorough audit of Brazil’s animal health and food safety system, to ensure the safety of the U.S. cattle herd. In 2021, Brazilian exports to the United States increased by 131 percent. In the first three months of 2022, Brazil has already shipped more than 50,000 metric tons of fresh beef to the U.S. This unprecedented surge of imports triggered a temporary tariff safeguard of 26.4 percent that will apply to Brazilian beef imports for the rest of 2022. While a temporary tariff increase may discourage further imports from Brazil, it does not address the underlying concern over Brazil’s repeated failure to adhere to international The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) has represented America’s cattle producers since 1898, preserving the heritage and strength of the industry through education and public policy. As the largest association of cattle producers, NCBA works to create new markets and increase demand for beef. Efforts are made possible through membership contributions. To join, contact NCBA at 1-866-BEEF-USA or membership@beef.org.

12 • Cow Country • June

animal health and food safety standards.

“We are, once again, calling on Secretary Vilsack to suspend fresh beef imports from Brazil, because of that country’s long history of failing to report BSE cases in a timely manner. It’s incredibly disappointing to have our science-based recommendations met with no notable response by the U.S. Department of Agriculture,” said NCBA Vice President of Government Affairs Ethan Lane.

“As beef imports from Brazil continue to rise, we urge USDA to reconsider their stance on Brazilian beef and take necessary action to safeguard the integrity of the entire U.S. food supply chain.”

NCBA believes that restricting Brazilian imports all altogether is essential until Brazil proves it is a trustworthy and reliable trade partner, capable of adhering to our standards.

CATTLE INDUSTRY OPPOSITION TO GOVERNMENT MANDATE AMPLIFIED THROUGH SENATE HEARING The Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry today held a hearing to discuss transparency and oversight within cattle marketing, specifically the Cattle Price Discovery and Transparency Act (S.4030) and additional oversight through the Office of the Special Investigator (S.3870). The hearing has been proceeded by months of debate over the need for increased transparency in cattle marketing, and today’s conversation highlighted the vehement opposition to government mandates by a majority of U.S. cattle producers.

“The majority of cattle producers have made it clear that one-sizefits-all solutions, such as the government mandate on cattle sales included in the Cattle Price Discovery and Transparency Act, is not the solution the industry is looking for,” said NCBA Vice President of Government Affairs Ethan Lane. “What is being proposed right now concentrates on what works for one region, it simply doesn’t work for the rest of the country.”

Kansas Livestock Association and NCBA member Shawn Tiffany testified in opposition to a government mandate as it could potentially result in fewer marketing opportunities and less incentive for producers to invest in genetics and innovative production techniques that lead to higher-quality beef.

“Every producer wants fair market value for the animals we raise and produce and many of us achieve that true value through value-based alternative marketing arrangements. Accordingly, I do not support a government mandate, of any kind,” said Tiffany.

“Regardless of how well intentioned the concept of helping producers obtain fair market value for their animals, the end result will be fewer marketing options for U.S. producers.”

As the trusted leaders and definitive voice of the U.S. cattle and beef industry, NCBA stands committed to turning the focus to solutions with broad industry support, such as a cattle contract library, 14day delivery, expedited carcass weight reporting, daily formula base price reporting, and incentives for expansion of regional processing capacity.

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BARREN COUNTY NEWS Submitted by James W. Bailey

The Barren County Cattlemen’s meeting was held Thursday evening, April 14th, 2022 at Barren County High School Trojan Academy. During the meeting Dan Schiefelbein, President of the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA), presented a program on the importance of the Agriculture Industry and the importance of cattle farmers being a member of the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association.

Pictured from left to right is; Joe Moore, President of the Barren County Cattlemen’s Association and representing Moore’s family farm, his wife Kim; Don Schiefelbein, his wife Jennifer; and Mike Jones representing Coles Bend Cattle Company, with his wife Ruth.

A delicious steak dinner was served which was sponsored by COLES BEND CATTLE COMPANY AND MOORE’S FAMILY FARM. Mr. Dan Schiefelbein (above), President of the National Beef Cattlemen’s Association, from Kimball Minnesota, is shown presenting the program during the Barren County Cattlemen’s Association meeting which was held at the Barrren County High School Trojan Academy, April 14th.

TODD COUNTY NEWS Submitted by Shayla Berry

Pictured is FFA President, Scottie Berry, accepting his scholarship from the Todd County Cattlemen's Association during the FFA Banquet.

The Todd County Cattlemen's Association awarded two $500 scholarships this year.

14 • Cow Country • June

Welcome KCA Summer Interns Meri Grace Carson of Washington Court House, Ohio is currently one of the 2022 Summer Interns for the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association.

Meri Grace was raised on her family farm where they grow corn, soybeans, and wheat. She exhibited hogs and cattle in 4-H and was actively involved in her FFA chapter all throughout high school. Meri Grace is an Ohio FFA State Degree recipient as well as an American Degree recipient. Meri Grace developed her passion for agriculture at a young age and has carried a child-like enthusiasm for the industry into her young adult life.

Meri Grace is a rising senior at the University of Kentucky where she is dual majoring in Agriculture Economics and Agriculture Ecosystems Sciences. While at UK, Meri

Grace has been actively involved in many leadership positions in the College of Agriculture, Food and Environment (CAFE).

She serves as a CAFE Ambassador and has served in an officer position in both the Agronomy Club and Agribusiness Club.

Upon graduation in May 2023, Meri Grace is unsure of what career path she will pursue.

However, she remains steadfast in her goal to advocate for agriculture and use her passion as a pathway to further advance the industry.

She is excited to support Kentucky cattle producers within her role at Beef Solutions this summer.

Jenna Gosney of Pendleton County, Kentucky has been selected as a 2022 Summer Administration Intern for the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association.

Jenna, daughter of Mark and Tracy Gosney, was raised on a beef cattle and tobacco farm.

Recently, she has helped her family expand their business into selling homegrown beef at farmers markets, as well as trying their hand

in raising Scottish Highland cattle.

Throughout high school, she started purchasing her own cattle and was an active FFA member holding several leadership positions along with showing cattle in the county fair. In 2018, she left home to attend Eastern Kentucky University where she went on to serve as the Pre-Vet Club Vice President for two years. On May 13th, Jenna graduated from EKU with a Bachelor's Degree in Animal and Veterinary Sciences. Driven by her passion for cattle, she knows she wants to work in the cattle industry, but is still unsure which path to choose. Having the opportunity to network and talk to different people throughout the industry is why she decided to spend her summer working as a KCA intern.

June • Cow Country • 15

E C O NO MI C & P O L I C Y U P D A T E

Food Price Inflation – Trends and Implications for U.S. and Global Consumers Will Snell University of Kentucky Inflation dominates today’s conversation among the media, politicians, and everyone impacted–i.e., all of us as consumers.

Inflation is defined as a general rise in prices which causes a decline in purchasing power of consumers and producers over time, holding all other factors constant. Some “analysts” would argue that it represents a “tax” on consumers when it evolves from government actions such as expansionary fiscal or monetary policies. Inflation can originate from a series of events in the marketplace such as supply chain disruptions or a significant improvement in consumer demand conditions. A relatively moderate level of inflation is generally viewed by economists as “good” reflecting a healthy and growing economy. However, a sustained period of rapidly rising prices can produce devastating outcomes on many market participants and the overall general economy.

Our January 2022 newsletter article titled Inflation – “Good” or “Bad” for Agricultural Producers and Consumers? focused primarily on the effects of rising prices on ag producers where the outcome of inflation on farmers may be mixed depending on a variety of factors. This article highlights the effects of inflation on ag (i.e., food) consumers and compares food price inflation in the U.S. versus global consumers.

The chief measure of inflation in the United States is the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is released monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Food is a major component of the CPI, comprising 13.4% of the index -- 8.2% for food purchased for at-home consumption versus 5.2% for food purchased away-from-home. [1] The latest CPI report (released April 12, 2022) indicated that U.S. consumer prices have increased 8.5% over the past twelve

months, with energy prices being the major contributor, up 32% over the past twelve months and food prices up 8.8% since March 2021. Excluding the volatile energy and food sectors, overall U.S. inflation was lower, coming in at 6.5% over the twelvemonth period.

Unlike some consumer items such as travel, home remodeling, or new automobiles, which can be delayed or eliminated from purchasing decisions during inflationary periods, food is a necessity. While consumers can substitute lower priced items at the grocery store (e.g. ground beef versus steak) or downscale dining options away from home (e.g., fast food restaurants versus casual/sit-down restaurants), consumers will still need to purchase or have access to food several times daily, even in midst of rising prices.

Consumer research indicates that food price inflation has a greater impact on the lower-income consumers who generally spend a much larger percentage of their disposable income on food. According to USDA data, U.S. households with the lowest 20% of income spent 27% of their income on food in 2020 versus only 7% among the top 20% of income-earning U.S. households. Unfortunately, higher food prices may induce some lower-income consumers to avert other critical purchasing decisions such as routine health care visits, prescriptions, or insurance coverage in order to feed their families. It also elevates food insecurity among many segments of the population, increasing the need for food assistance programs and access to food banks. Plus, higher food prices contributing to a hike in overall inflation may induce action by monetary authorities to raise interest rates, hurting those who

The Agricultural Economics Department publishes the Economic and Policy Update towards the end of each month. Each issue features articles written by extension personnel within the department and other experts across the country.

16 • Cow Country • June

borrow money or depend on income from investments adversely impacted by rising interest rates.

I tell students in my Food and Ag Marketing Course that during their lifetimes they have never really experienced any noticeable degree of inflation, especially food price inflation until the past couple of years. From 2000 to February 2020, food price inflation in the U.S. averaged 2.4% annually. In fact, we had several months during this period of food price deflation where aggregate food prices actually fell. However, we all know the environment has changed drastically over the past two years.

During the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic, food price inflation in the U.S. was fairly modest due to adequate supplies of most food items (with some meats being an exception) and fairly intense retail market competition. From March 2020 to March 2021, U.S. food prices increased 3.4%, but have increased another 8.8% over the past twelve months – the highest annual increase in U.S. food prices since 1981. While very alarming to most consumers, the current level of food price inflation is nowhere near the levels experienced for several months during the early 1970s when U.S. consumers faced annualized food price inflation exceeding 15%.[2] Since March 2021, food-at-home (primarily grocery store purchases) increased 10% -- the largest twelve-month increase since March 1981, while food away-from-home (primarily restaurant purchases) increased 6.9%. Meat prices led the way with beef prices up 16.0% over the past twelve months, followed by pork, 15.3% higher, and poultry up 13.2%. Cereal and bakery product prices were 9.4% higher, while fruits and vegetables prices were up 8.5%, and dairy prices up

Topics will vary greatly but regularly include marketing, management, policy, natural resources, and rural development issues. If you would like to recieve this newsletter by email, please contact Kenny Burdine at kburdine@uky. edu.

You can also view current and past issues online at https://bit.ly/2PoHsZj Co-editors: Kenny Burdine, Alison Davis, and Greg Halich

Figure 1: U.S. Food Price Inflation (1970-2022)

7.0%. USDA projects that overall food prices will increase between 5 and 6% in 2022.

Over the past two years, there have been a wide variety of factors contributing to higher food prices, including labor challenges, escalating fuel costs, a lack of truck drivers, port congestion, plant closures, and other issues leading to supply chain disruptions, along with rising ag commodity/input prices, weather events, disease outbreaks, and more recently the food production/trade impact of the Russian invasion into Ukraine.

Collectively, Russia and Ukraine represent over 30% of the global wheat exports, nearly 20% of global corn exports and account for over 10% of global caloric consumption. In addition, this area of the world produces a lot of the ingredients used in the production of fertilizers. The ongoing war is affecting the production and distribution of fertilizers worldwide, limiting availability and putting additional upward pressure on global fertilizer prices which were already soaring prior to the invasion. Russia is also a major energy producer/exporter causing additional upward pressure on global fuel prices.

Given higher input costs, lack of access to inputs, trade disruptions, and a war playing out, Ukraine ag/food production and trade is expected to be down 20% or more in 2022, contributing to soaring crop prices, escalating global food price inflation, and causing much concern over food security and famine in parts of Europe, Africa, and Asia that were already reeling from Covid-19 effects.

Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED).

1/ Notes: 2022 data reflect changes in prices from March 2021 to March 2022 Figure 2: Prices of Selected Food Items (March 2022 vs March 2020)

Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Figure 3: Food Price Volatility: U.S. vs Global (1990-2022)

While food price inflation in the U.S. has hit 40-year highs exceeding 8.5%, global food price inflation for the past twelve months is up more than 30% according to the latest data from the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Food price inflation has a much greater adverse impact on consumers in lower-income nations where food may account for 25 -50% or more of consumer income versus less than 10% in the U.S. Figure 3 illustrates that global food prices tend to be much more volatile than U.S. food prices. One major factor contributing to this observation is that food in other parts of the CONTINUED ON PAGE 18

Source: Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Index Note 2022 data based on March 2021 - March 2022 period.

[1] Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, the weight for food prices as part of the CPI was very similar (13.8%), but was split more evenly between food-at-home (7.6%) vs foodaway-from-home (6.2%). [2] U.S food price inflation averaged 7.8% during the decade of the 1970s versus 4.6% during the 1980s, but has been rather benign over the past three decades (averaging 2.8% during the 1990s, 2.9% during the 2000s and 1.7% during the 2010s). [3] According to the USDA, the farm value of the retail food dollar in the U.S. is around 15 cents vs exceeding 50% of the retail value in some poverty-stricken nations. [4] The FAO cereal price index reflects a 37% increase since March 2021.

June • Cow Country • 17

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 17

world tends to be processed less compared to the U.S. resulting in retail food prices in those markets being impacted more by changes in ag commodity prices versus the U.S.[3] In addition, food consumers outside the United States generally consume more calories at home versus U.S. consumers where the cost of food for home consumption is more dependent on changes in ag commodity prices. Plus, marketing efficiencies, market competition, less yield variability, and availability of storage capacity present in the U.S. enables U.S. food prices to be less affected by changes in global commodity prices compared to consumers in many developing nations.

As an example, farm-level wheat prices have soared 50-75% or more in recent months given recent geopolitical events

resulting in higher prices for many bakery products using wheat as a main ingredient.

According to USDA data, prior to the recent run-up in wheat prices, the farm value of bread in the U.S. was only around 5 to 9 cents per one pound loaf. Thus, a 50-75%% increase in wheat prices alone would only add a few pennies to the cost of bread for a U.S. consumer. CPI data reveal that U.S. white bread prices have increased 8 cents/ loaf or (5.3%) over the past twelve months, reflecting not only higher wheat prices, but also higher transportation, packaging, and labor costs. This compares to news reports indicating that bread prices have increased 25 to 50% or more in some global markets since the Russian invasion.[4] This situation is given to a rise in panic buying, black markets, government corruption, and fear of riots which have historically occurred in

some vulnerable markets given sudden large hikes in food prices and food shortages. In addition, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) expects global economic growth to slow significantly this year (3.6% versus 6.1% in 2021) as the repercussions of the war in Ukraine spread worldwide and nations feel the effects of rising inflation and interest rates. Globally, the IMF is projecting that food prices will increase 14% in 2022.

Unfortunately, the global food inflation/ food crisis will be magnified in the coming months if the war in Ukraine drags on for a significant period of time and global grain supplies outside of the Black Sea region do not respond to current price incentives or we observe significant adverse weather events in other grain-producing areas.

3 Tips for Farm Management During Rising Inflation Jennifer Rogers University of Kentucky With input prices on the increase and so many things changing with our economy, it is important that producers think about how to manage during rising inflation.

There is nothing that we can do to control the prices that we have to pay for products, we can only make sound management decisions about what we purchase and how we manage cash, and the cost of money that is borrowed.

1. Hold onto Cash Many grain producers currently have more cash on hand than in the past. A phenomenal growing season last year, coupled with increasing prices for stored crops helped to create this cash influx.

Many times when there is excess cash available, producers look for ways to use that cash to benefit them over the long run. Producers may be tempted to pay off some long-term debts or pay cash for large capital purchases. During this current environment, it may be wise to hold onto larger reserves of cash. The high input prices associated with the 2022 crop and the current uncertainty around getting the crop planted have caused much stress over this year’s crop being able to cash flow.

Therefore, cash reserves may be needed to offset any shortfalls in being able to pay back 18 • Cow Country • June

associated expenses. Having cash reserves will potentially prevent, or limit, the need to refinance operating expenses over a longer period.

2. Lock in Interest rates Interest rates are on the rise as well. This typically means that any long-term debt that you have now, may be at a cheaper rate than you could borrow money for in the future.

Therefore, there is less incentive to pay off debts at these low rates to turn around and need to borrow money at a higher rate. If you have term loans that are not at a fixed rate, or that will have to be refinanced for a balloon payment in the next few years, it may be wise to talk with your lender about locking in these rates now. Securing lower interest rates for the future could save your operation a substantial amount of interest cost over the life of the loan.

3. Operating Efficiently Operating efficiently is key during times of rising costs. We have already seen this to be vital in regards to fertilizer. All fertilizer costs have increased dramatically over the price paid for last year’s crop. This has caused producers to be prudent about how much fertilizer they intend to put on the crop. Decisions have been made about

the rate applied. Some producers have even decided to use some of the “excess” fertility that they have been banking over the past. Efficiency is also needed in labor resources. Good farm labor is becoming harder and harder to find and even more expensive to keep. Make sure you are using your labor to their best ability. As hard as the decision can be to eliminate positions, it may be necessary. Efficiency can also be applied to machinery. Not only does the size of the equipment make it efficient, but also the need for equipment. Evaluate your mechanical needs. If there are idle pieces of equipment sitting around the farm, you may need to look into selling them. This will provide an additional source of cash and also eliminate insurance and upkeep expenses. Your farm business is just that, a business. You should always be looking for ways to operate at a lower cost while maintaining your profitability goals.

Operating and thriving during a time of rising inflation is difficult. We have all either lived through or heard the horror stories of farming in the 80’s when inflation was high and interest rates were through the roof. Thankfully, we have the benefit of learning from that experience and can start making decisions now that will help manage the risk that we face.

Protecting Farmland in the Midst of Bankruptcy Candace Smith & Lindsay Burley Steptoe & Johnson, PLLC

Bankruptcy is a frightening prospect for anyone, but it can be especially worrisome for farmers who depend on their property for their home and livelihood. A recent case from the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Michigan demonstrates how bankruptcy proceedings can disrupt a farming operation. In re Wylie, 635 B.R. 479 (Bankr. E.D. Mich. 2021).

Court ruled that the bankruptcy trustee recovered the one-half interest in the property that the Wylies had transferred to the Sullivans in 2018 for the benefit of the bankruptcy estate’s creditors.

This ruling allowed the trustee to seek to sell the property to pay debtors, while paying some amount to the Sullivans, who still owned a one-half interest.

In the Wylie case, the bankruptcy trustee claimed that the debtors, Jason and Leah Wylie, fraudulently transferred their one-half interest in approximately 350 acres of land to Mr. Wylie’s mother and stepdad (the Sullivans). In re Wylie, 633 B.R. 542 (Bankr.

E.D. Mich. 2021). The bankruptcy trustee is appointed by the Bankruptcy Court to gather all of the debtors’ assets so that the assets can be used to pay creditors. In this case, the bankruptcy trustee claimed the debtors had transferred property in an effort to protect that land from creditors and wanted to undo that transaction, to sell the property to benefit creditors. Generally, transactions completed a certain time period prior to filing bankruptcy will be reviewed.

Mr. Sullivan appealed the decision. While that appeal was pending, he asked the Bankruptcy Court to stay proceedings and to prohibit the bankruptcy trustee from selling the property for the benefit of the bankruptcy estate’s creditors until the appeal could be heard. In part, Mr. Sullivan argued that even if he received part of the money from the sale of the property, it would not be enough to buy a new farm and that he was too old to start a new operation somewhere else. The Bankruptcy Court denied his request.

The Sullivans initially bought the property in 1990 and 1991. The Sullivans lived on the property and used it for farming. Many years later, they conveyed a one-half interest in their properties to Mr. Wylie for $0.00. The Wylies conveyed that one-half interest back to the Sullivans in 2018, less than two years prior to the Wylies filing for bankruptcy, for no money or other consideration. The Sullivans then owned the property in full. After the Wylies filed for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy trustee tried to undo this transfer of property, essentially clawing it back and lumping it in with the other assets that could be sold for the benefit of creditors. At the time of these proceedings, Mr. Sullivan had lived on and farmed his portion of the property for more than 30 years. He was in his seventies and relied on the income he made from selling cattle that he raised on the property and on the food that he grew to eat. Mr. Sullivan had many farm animals on the property, including cows, sheep, horses, dogs, and cats.

Although the ruling in Wylie may seem like a harsh result, it demonstrates the importance of transferring property in accordance with the often complex rules of federal bankruptcy law.

If you are facing a potential bankruptcy, an attorney can help you evaluate your options and advise you as to the best ways to protect your assets and property.

The Bankruptcy Court ruled in favor of the bankruptcy trustee because the Wylies made the transfers less than two years before filing for bankruptcy, received less than the value of the property, and were insolvent on the date of the transfers. The Bankruptcy These materials are public information and have been prepared solely for educational purposes. These materials reflect only the personal views of the authors and are not individualized legal advice. It is understood that each case is fact-specific, and that the appropriate solution in any case will vary. Therefore, these materials may or may not be relevant to any particular situation. Thus, the authors and Steptoe & Johnson PLLC cannot be bound either philosophically or as representatives of their various present and future clients to the comments expressed in these materials. The presentation of these materials does not establish any form of attorney-client relationship with the authors or Steptoe & Johnson PLLC. While every attempt was made to ensure that these materials are accurate, errors or omissions may be contained therein, for which any liability is disclaimed.

June • Cow Country • 19

UK Fundamentals of Herd Health: Vaccinations for the Cow-Calf Operation Michelle Arnold University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Why should vaccines be given every year to help keep the cow/calf herd healthy? Simply stated, skimping on proven disease prevention will only cost more down the road due to treatment costs, reproductive failures and death loss. Every farm is unique with regards to the disease risk and other challenges including labor and facilities needed to work the cattle. The basic vaccine guidelines are below but the details of what products to use and when to administer them are best decided by the producer with his or her veterinarian. Your veterinarian is equipped with the knowledge and skills to determine what will work best for your unique situation.

Always consult your veterinarian before instituting or changing any health protocol.

Remember: “Vaccination” (drawing up the vaccine in a syringe and injecting it into the animal) is not the same as “immunization” (the animal mounts an immune response) and “vaccination + immunization” never equals 100% protection from infection, even in the best of circumstances. The vaccines must be handled correctly (proper mixing, right temperature) and cattle in good health (low stress environment, good plane of nutrition, trace mineral needs met, minimal parasites present) in order to get the most protection from vaccines.

The provided list of vaccines and dewormers is for example purposes only and should not be considered an endorsement of products by the University of Kentucky.

Adult Cows and Bulls 1. Viral respiratory vaccine (IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV) and 5-way Leptospirosis. If using bulls for breeding, include Campylobacter fetus (Vibriosis). Best given 4-6 weeks prior to breeding. If the cow is open at the time of vaccination, select a modified live vaccine (List C1A or B). If the cow is pregnant at the time of vaccination or less than 30 days before breeding, select a killed vaccine (List C2A or B) to reduce the risk of accidental abortion or interference with pregnancy. Certain modified live vaccines can be used in pregnant animals but only if used strictly according to label directions.

Products with “FP” in the name stands for Fetal Protection from BVD virus.

2. 7 way or 8 way Clostridial (Blackleg)-necessary if under 2 years of age. Optional as the cow ages depending on the risk of blackleg to the herd.

(List D5 A-D) 3. Deworm-perform at least once per year (spring and possibly fall) and twice a year if under 2 years of age or thin body condition. If only once is possible, deworm in Spring (May).

20 • Cow Country • June

**Deworm at least 2 weeks prior to bull turn out or before estrus synchronization for artificial insemination (AI) due to temporary impact on hormone release in females.** Deworming in the fall helps to reduce the number of worms that overwinter in the cow but is typically not as important as spring when larvae are active in the pasture. (List D6 A and/or B) 4. Tag cattle for identification and/or re-tag those that have lost tags.

5. Breeding Soundness Exams are highly recommended for herd bulls and should be conducted 60-75 days prior to turnout. Bulls need the same vaccinations and deworming as the cow herd.

Open Heifers at least 6 weeks Prior to Breeding 1. Viral respiratory vaccine (IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV) with 5-way Leptospirosis. If using bulls for breeding, include Campylobacter fetus (Vibriosis). Modified live vaccines are preferred (List C1A or B) for heifers. A Fetal Protection (FP) from BVD virus product is encouraged.

Follow all label directions; some vaccines require a booster and some do not. Timing is very important-if less than 6 weeks away from breeding, use a killed product (List C2A or B).

2. 7 or 8- way Clostridial (Blackleg) (List D5 A-D) 3. Deworm. (List D6 A and/or B). A heifer has increased nutritional demands because she is still growing herself, trying to reproduce, and young animals do not have the immunity to parasites that adult cattle possess. A very effective combination is to use an oral (white) dewormer from list D6B and an injectable or pour-on dewormer from list D6A, given at the same time.

Calves 1-3 months of age: 1. Identify with tag 2. Vaccinate with 7 way Clostridial (Blackleg) vaccine-Although the calves are young, this dose of vaccine will initiate (“jump start”) the immune process, especially cell-mediated immunity. Follow label directions. Do not give blackleg vaccine at birth. (List D5 A-D) 4. Dehorn 5. Castrate-the earlier this is completed, the better.

Avoid the first 24 hours after birth.

6. Optional Practices: a. Implant steers at the time of castration (unless you plan to sell calves in an organic or natural market) b. Viral Respiratory Vaccine-Killed (List D2) or MLV (List D1 but follow label directions carefully regarding MLV usage in nursing calves). Intranasal vaccines are given up the nose.

c. Pinkeye vaccine (administer in late spring just before fly season) (List D7) d. Deworm-Begin deworming calves at 4-8 weeks old depending on time of year and expected level of pasture contamination with parasite larvae-consult a veterinarian. (List D6 A or B) e. Test for BVD-PI (ear notch)-Consult your veterinarian if this is something to consider. If BVD has been diagnosed in an animal from your farm or there is a history of unexplained abortions, stillbirths, weak calves or other reproductive loss in the herd, testing all calves is the proven first step to find persistently infected (PI) animals. Best to wait until the calf is at least 14 days of age to take an ear notch sample.

Calves 2-3 weeks pre-weaning (best) or shortly after Weaning: Consult your veterinarian and check your marketing plan since many programs (for example: CPH45) specify what vaccines must be administered and when in order to participate.

Administer vaccines 2-3 weeks pre-weaning for best protection. If calves cannot be processed preweaning, then begin this protocol after weaning when the stress is essentially over (calves are eating, drinking, and the majority have stopped walking and bawling). Booster vaccines if required by label. If castrations and dehorning were not done earlier, these practices need to be completed as soon as possible. Tetanus vaccination is strongly recommended when performing “late” castration of older, heavier bulls; especially if banding. Consult your veterinarian regarding whether to use a tetanus toxoid or antitoxin or both.

1. Viral respiratory vaccine (IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV)-Killed (List D2) or MLV (List D1) but follow label directions regarding MLV usage in nursing calves if vaccinating before weaning. If using killed, a booster is required. A majority of buyers prefer calves that have received 2 doses of MLV. See point #3a below for an additional viral respiratory vaccine option.

2. For Heifers to be kept as Replacements: Viral respiratory (as above) with Campylobacter fetus (Vibriosis) and 5-way Leptospirosis vaccine included. Booster according to label directionsMLV is strongly recommended for females to be kept in the herd. (List C1A or B) 3. Vaccinate with Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid.

This vaccine, commonly known as a “Pasteurella shot” or “Pneumonia shot” is given pre-weaning in anticipation of the stress associated with weaning. (List C3) a. Many combination Mannheimia haemolytica

Examples of Respiratory and Reproductive Vaccines£ for Adult Cows, Bulls, & Replacement Heifers C1A Modified Live Virus Vaccines with Leptospirosis *Pyramid 10 - Boehringer Ingelheim *Vista 5 L5 SQ—Merck *Express FP10 —Boehringer Ingelheim *Bovishield Gold FP5 L5 HB — Zoetis *Titanium 5 L5 HB — Elanco *Labeled for use in pregnant cattle and nursing calves but follow label directions carefully C1B Modified Live Virus Vaccines + Lepto and Vibrio *Express FP 5 VL5– Boehringer Ingelheim *Bovi-Shield Gold FP5 VL5 HB-Zoetis *PregGuard Gold FP 10 (No BRSV)- Zoetis *Vista 5 VL5 SQ-Merck

for Nursing Calves and Weaned/Feeders D1A Modified Live Virus Vaccines (Often called “Live Virus”) *Pyramid 5 - Boehringer Ingelheim *Vista 5 SQ—Merck *Inforce 3 (Intranasal) + Bovishield BVD —Zoetis *Express 5 —Boehringer Ingelheim *Bovishield Gold 5 — Zoetis *Titanium 5 — Elanco *Bovilis Vista BVD + Bovilis Nasalgen 3 (Intranasal)—Merck *Labeled for use in calves nursing pregnant cows but follow label directions carefully D1B Modified Live Virus Vaccines + Somnus *Express 5-HS– Boehringer Ingelheim Resvac 4/Somubac-Zoetis D2A Killed Virus Vaccines Triangle 5—Boehringer Ingelheim Cattlemaster Gold FP5 — Zoetis Vira Shield 6 — Elanco Master Guard 5-contains killed IBR and BVD-Elanco

C2A Killed Virus Vaccines with Lepto Triangle 10 HB—Boehringer Ingelheim Cattlemaster Gold FP5 L5— Zoetis Vira Shield 6 + L5 HB— Elanco Master Guard 10 HB-contains killed IBR and BVD-Elanco

D2B Killed Virus Vaccines + Somnus Elite 4-HS—Boehringer Ingelheim Vira Shield 6 Somnus— Elanco

C2B Killed Virus Vaccines + Lepto and Vibrio Cattlemaster 4 +VL5-Zoetis Vira Shield 6 + VL5 (HB)— Elanco

£ The provided lists of vaccines and dewormers is for example purposes only and should not be considered an endorsement of products by the University of Kentucky

toxoid and MLV Respiratory Virus Vaccines are available (List C4). Some of the combination products listed are actually two separate products with one administered in the nose (intranasal) and the other product is injected.

4. Deworm with an endectocide (List D6A) for internal and external parasites. A “drench” or “white” dewormer given by mouth (List D6B) may also be used but a second product is required for external parasite (lice/flies/ticks) control. The best option is to administer an

Examples of “Pneumonia” Vaccines C3 Mannheimia (Pasteurella) Vaccines Presponse HM—Boehringer Ingelheim Presponse SQ—Boehringer Ingelheim One Shot—Zoetis Pulmoguard PHM –1– Huvepharma Nuplura PH—Elanco Once PMH—SQ or IN (intranasal)—Merck C5 Other Respiratory Vaccines Nuplura PH + BVD (Mannheimia and BVD)-Elanco Nuplura PH + 3 (Mannheimia, BVD, IBR)-Elanco Bovilis Nasalgen IP (intranasal IBR, PI3)-Merck Bovilis Nasalgen 3 (intranasal IBR, PI3, BRSV)-Merck

Examples of Combination Vaccines C4 Modified Live Respiratory Viruses + Mannheimia *Pyramid 5 + Presponse SQ —Boehringer Ingelheim *Vista Once SQ — Merck *Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot—Zoetis *Titanium 5 + PHM—Elanco *Inforce 3 (intranasal) + One Shot BVD-Zoetis [2 products] *Bovilis Vista BVD CFP + Bovilis Nasalgen 3-PMH (intranasal)- Merck [2 products] *Labeled for use in pregnant cattle and nursingcalves —follow directions carefully

injectable (or pour-on) dewormer (List D6A) and a drench dewormer (List D6B) at the same time.

5. 7- or 8- way Clostridial vaccine (Blackleg).

Clostridial vaccines may be purchased alone or in combination with pinkeye, “somnus” and other antigens. Follow label directions regarding the need for a booster. (List D5 A-D) 6. Optional: a. Implant-Follow label directions if reimplanting. Do not implant females to be used for breeding purposes. Do not implant

if planning to sell on the natural or organic markets. b. Pasteurella multocida and/or Histophilus somni (formerly known as Haemophilus somnus) vaccines-consult your veterinarian for recommendations.

Cows after calves are weaned: 1. Check cows for pregnancy by palpation, ultrasound, or blood test. If open, strongly consider culling her.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 22

Examples of Blackleg, Pinkeye and Scours Vaccines and Dewormers D5A Clostridial (Blackleg) 7 or 8 Way Vaccines Ultrabac 7 or Ultrachoice 7-Zoetis Caliber 7—Boehringer Ingelheim Alpha 7-Single dose -No booster-Boehringer Ingelheim Vision 7 or 8 with SPUR—Merck Calvary 9 or Covexin 8—Contains tetanus-Merck D5B Clostridial (Blackleg) + Pinkeye Alpha 7/MB1— No booster-Boehringer Ingelheim 20/20 Vision 7 with SPUR-Merck Piliguard Pinkeye + 7—Merck D5C Clostridial (Blackleg) + Somnus Ultrabac 7/Somubac—Zoetis Bar Vac 7 Somnus-Boehringer Ingelheim Vision 7 or 8 Somnus with SPUR—Merck D5D Clostridial (Blackleg) + Pasteurella One shot Ultra 7 or 8—Zoetis D7 Pinkeye Vaccines Maxi/Guard-Addison Labs Vision 20/20—Merck i-site XP—AgriLabs Pinkeye Shield XT4—Elanco Piliguard Pinkeye-1 Trivalent or Triview— Merck SolidBac Pinkeye IR/PR—Zoetis Ocu-guard MB-1—Boehringer Ingelheim Moraxella bovoculi bacterin- Merck

D6A Dewormers* (Injectables and Pour-ons) Cydectin— Bayer Dectomax — Zoetis Ivomec or Ivomec + - Boehringer Ingelheim Eprinex—Boehringer Ingelheim Noromectin—Norbrook LongRange - (extended duration) - Boehringer Ingelheim D6B Drench Dewormers* Valbazen + (Pour on) - Zoetis Safeguard + (Pour on) - Merck Synanthic + (Pour on) - Boehringer Ingelheim (“Pour on” for external parasite control—lice, flies) *Deworm at least 2 weeks prior to bull turn out or before estrus synchronization for artificial insemination (AI) due to temporary impact on hormone release in females.

D8 Scours Vaccines Administered to Calf Bovilis Coronavirus (Intranasal, Coronavirus Only)- Merck Bar-Guard-99 (Oral, E. Coli K99 Only) - Boehringer Ingelheim Calf-Guard (Oral, Rota– and Coronavirus)– Zoetis First Defense (Oral, E.coli K99, Corona)-Immucell Corp First Defense TriShield(Oral, E.Coli K99 + Rota- +Coronavirus) Bovine Ecolizer (Oral, E. coli K99, C. perfringens)-Elanco C8 Scours Vaccines Administered to Pregnant Cow Guardian-Merck ScourGuard 4KC-Zoetis Scour Bos 9 and 4– Elanco

June • Cow Country • 21

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 21 2. Check for other problems: Eyes, teeth, udder, feet and legs, body condition, disposition.

3. Scours Vaccine (List C8) –Administer to pregnant cows 1-3 months prior to calving.

Initially this is a two-shot series then it is given annually. Products vary on when to administer them so follow label directions carefully. Scours vaccines may be given to newborn calves (List D8).

4. If leptospirosis is a persistent problem, cows may need a booster of 5-way Leptospirosis vaccine such as Spirovac (Zoetis) for continued strong protection throughout pregnancy.

3.

4.

Additional Considerations: 1. *Modified Live Vaccines (MLV) provide fast, broad immunity and are excellent stimulators of cell-mediated immunity. They are preferred in weaned calves and usually required by most preconditioned sales. However, only use modified live vaccines in pregnant cows and in nursing calves if the cows were vaccinated with MLV, usually within the last 12 months (check label for specific requirements; some are less than 12). If this requirement is not met, a killed vaccine must be used until the cow is open and the calf is weaned.

2. Killed respiratory virus vaccines must be given twice (usually 2-3 weeks apart) if it is the first time the vaccine is administered. Annual

22 • Cow Country • June

5.

6.

boosters are required after the initial two-shot sequence. Killed vaccines are safer than MLV vaccines but they do not protect as well nor last as long.

If heifers have been allowed to stay with the herd bull until weaning, most likely some are pregnant. A prostaglandin injection (for example: Lutalyse®) can be given to the heifers once they have been away from the bull a minimum of 10 days. These injections work best in early pregnancy (<75 days) so do not delay administration if needed.

Try to minimize the number of injections given at one time as much as possible.

Multiple vaccinations cause neck soreness.

Multiple Gram negative vaccines (for example, leptospirosis, vibriosis, pinkeye) may cause cattle to spike a fever and go off feed for a short period of time.

Keep good vaccination records. Record date, vaccine name, serial numbers and expiration dates Utilize effective fly control and pinkeye vaccine beginning in late spring. Follow label directions regarding booster vaccines. If using feed/ mineral additives for fly control, make sure to start them 30 days before fly season and keep it in until 30 days after fly season is over. See UK publication ENT-11-Insect Control for Beef Cattle at http://entomology.ca.uky.edu/files/ recs_0/ent11-beef_0.pdf

7. Anaplasmosis- Kentucky is among the list of states approved by the USDA for sale of the anaplasmosis vaccine marketed by University Products LLC of Baton Rouge, La. The vaccine is used in cows in all stages of pregnancy with no problems being reported.

The recommendation is a 2 dose regimen given 4 weeks apart with annual revaccination required. Protective immunity should develop within 7-10 days according to the manufacturer.

The primary or initial dose is typically given to bred heifers and young bulls. Consult your veterinarian for options.

8. Letters in a vaccine name mean: a. IBR, BVD, BRSV and PI3 : Diseases included in a viral respiratory vaccine. b. An “FP” in the vaccine name stands for “fetal protection” and means protection against fetal persistent infection and abortion due to the BVD virus. c. An “HB” in the vaccine name stands for the strain of Leptospira known as “Hardjo bovis” that is a common cause of reproductive failure in cattle. d. “HS” stands for “Histophilus somni” (formerly known as Haemophilus somnus) e. “L5” stands for the 5 strains of Leptospirosis. f. “V” stands for “Vibriosis” Vaccination programs must be designed around the specific needs of your cattle. Talk to your vet!

Make it Dad’s way for Father’s Day. kentuck ycattlemensbeef.com

June • Cow Country • 23

High Hay Costs Make Extending Grazing Even More Important Chris Teutsch Univerity of Kentucky Grain and Forage Center of Excellence, Princeton, Kentucky The cost of hay production is on the rise!

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash are at historic highs. Every ton of hay contains approximately 40, 15, and 50 lb of N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively. This fertilizer at current prices is valued at $80 per ton hay. This makes the estimated cost of hay production based on a mixed grass stand yielding 3 tons per acre more than $110 per ton! That is not good for the bottom-line of cow-calf operations in the Commonwealth.

Note: Hay production costs will vary from farm to farm. So, I would encourage everyone to a take a few minutes and calculate the costs for their operation.

An interactive spreadsheet can be found https://agecon.ca.uky.edu/files/hay_forage_ budget.xls.

Since hay and supplements comprise a major portion of cow-calf budgets, it is important to consider and implement practices that will reduce the amount of hay needed. I realize that it seems early to be talking about extending grazing this winter, but it is critical to get a plan together so that it can be implemented in a timely manner. The remainder of this article will outline some options for extending winter grazing and reducing hay needs.

Implement Rotational Stocking Switching from a continuous to rotational stocking system not only improves pasture production and utilization, it also increases drought tolerance. The net result is more grazing days from the same land area! In fact, replicated research has shown about a 30% increase in pasture productivity. If the stocking rate remains the same, the number of grazing days will increase as grazing management improves.

Sometimes we make implementing rotational grazing too hard. You don’t have to make a big investment or move animals every other day. The most important thing is that you just get started and that can often happen by just closing some gates or putting up a hotwire. Rotational grazing puts you in charge, giving you the tools needed to implement practices that will help to extend your grazing season.

Stockpiling Cool-Season Grasses for Winter Grazing In a normal year, grazing stockpiled grass during the winter months costs about 24 • Cow Country • June

one-third to one-half as much as feeding hay. In a year like this, the savings may be even greater. Stockpiling is simply allowing forage growth to accumulate during one part of the year and grazing it later. In transition zone states like Kentucky, this is most commonly done during late summer.

Below you will find a few tips to help with stockpiling.

Choose a strong tall fescue sod in a field that is well drained. To get the maximum yield response to nitrogen applications you will need a healthy stand of tall fescue.

Choosing a field that is well-drained will help to ensure that the stockpile can be grazed with minimal pugging damage during the wet winter months.

Do NOT overgraze pastures during the summer months. Grazing cool-season grass stands that will be stockpiled too closely and frequently during the summer months will decrease their ability for rapid growth in late summer and fall.

Clip pastures that will be stockpiled to 4-5 inches prior to applying nitrogen. Clipping pastures removes old growth and increases the forage quality of the stockpiled grass.

Apply 60-80 lb of nitrogen per acre in mid- to late-August. This is general recommendation for years with moderate nitrogen prices. In years with high nitrogen prices, this recommendation may not make sense. In my experience, in a year with good rainfall we would expect about 15 to 20 lb of DM accumulation/lb N applied.

In years with below normal rainfall, this accumulation could be less than 10 lb DM/ lb N applied. So, in years with very high N prices, the best choice may be to stockpile without N and buy a little extra hay.

Allow growth to accumulate until midDecember before grazing. If limited grazing is available, feed hay during this accumulation period rather than the winter months.

Graze stockpiled pastures that contain legumes first. Legumes deteriorate at faster rate than grass and should be grazed first to minimize losses.

Strip graze tall fescue to maximize grazing days. Allocating only enough stockpiled grass for 2-3 days will increase grazing days per acre by 30 to 40%.

Frost seed legumes on grazed areas.

Closely grazed stockpile provides an excellent opportunity to establish legumes in grass dominated pastures. Broadcasting the seed as the pasture is being grazed can enhance soil-seed contact and increase overseeding success.

Utilizing Cool-season Annuals Cool-season annual forages that can be used for winter and early spring grazing include small grains and annual ryegrass.

Crimson clover, an annual clover, can be grown in a mixture with both the small grains and annual ryegrass. While they can provide very high-quality forage during late-winter and early-spring, it does come at a cost. The economics of utilizing winter annuals is often breakeven at best and coupled with high nitrogen prices may not be a good investment. If you choose to use winter annuals, the following tips will help you optimize production.

Plant early. Cool-season annuals can be seeded from mid-August to midSeptember. If fall grazing is desired, plant by early September. Later plantings will provide little grazing in the fall and winter.

Suppress existing sod. Suppressing competition from an existing sod or summer annual crop will help to ensure that you get a uniform stand. Ideally pastures to be overseeded should be grazed closely and sprayed with a nonselective herbicide just prior to planting No-till if possible. Winter annuals can be planted on a conventional seedbed or notill seeded. No-till seedings tend to reduce erosion and support winter grazing better than conventional seedings.

Don’t seed too deep. Seeding depth should be 1-2 inches for small grains and ½ to 1 inch for annual ryegrass.

Seeding rates. Small grains seeded alone should be planted at a rate of 90-150 lb/A. Annual ryegrass seeded alone should be planted at a rate of 25 lb/A. A mixture of small grain and annual ryegrass should be seeded at a rate of 90 and 15 lb/A, respectively. If fall grazing is desired, use the higher end of the seeding rates.

Crimson clover can be added at a rate of 10 lb/A. Soil fertility. Apply phosphorus, potassium, and lime according to soil test results. If fall grazing is desired, apply 40-

60 lb nitrogen/A at seeding. An additional 40-50 lb nitrogen/A should be applied in early-March to stimulate spring growth. For annual ryegrass only, an additional 40-50 lb nitrogen can be applied in mid-April after the first grazing. In years with high nitrogen prices, the use of annuals may be cost prohibitive.

Grazing management. Ideally, winter annuals should be rotationally stocked.

Grazing can begin once the seedlings are well anchored and have reached a height of 8-10 inches. Grazing should be stopped when a residual height of 3-4 inches has been reached.

Grazing Crop Residues Grazing residues remaining after grain harvest, primarily corn stalks, is one of the most economical way to feed cows. All costs associated with the feed generation have already been accounted for by the row crop. This practice works best with livestock classes that have lower nutritional requirements (brood cows). Below are a few considerations for utilizing crop residues.

Secure perimeter fence. Although it is tempting to just put up a hotwire, a secure perimeter fence is highly recommended.

This reduces the liability associated with livestock entering roadways and adjacent crop fields.

Provide clean and fresh water. Access to clean and fresh water is essential for profitable livestock production. Although plastic roll pipe on top of the ground works well from March to November, there is a

high likelihood that it will freeze if used for winter grazing.

Provide access to a complete mineral.

Livestock should always have access to an IRM approved free choice mineral supplement.

Graze half and leave half. Leaving one-half of the residue improves livestock nutrition by not making livestock consume the lower quality portions of the residue (stalks). It also maintains cover on the soil and reduces the chances of nitrate poisoning. Nitrates tend to occur in the stalks.

Remove animals from crop fields during wet periods. Access to crop fields should be limited during wet periods to reduce pugging and soil compaction.

Subdivide crop fields. Ideally, large fields should be subdivided to promote more uniform grazing and increase utilization. However, the practicality of this recommendation needs to be evaluated on an individual farm basis.

Although we have a number of options for extending grazing in Kentucky, our best option is still stockpiling tall fescue. Not new, not sexy, but a solid way to provide relatively high-quality forage at a minimal cost for winter grazing!

To learn more about how you can extend grazing on your farm, stop by and visit with your local extension agent. Contact information for your local office can be found at http://extension.ca.uky.edu/county or by calling (859) 257-4302.

FEATURED PUBLICATION This month’s featured publication is: “Extending grazing and reducing stored feed needs” by Don Ball. Ed Ballard, Mark Kennedy, Garry Lacefield, and Dan Undersander. It can be accessed at https:// bit.ly/2QgsHJP or found at your local extension office

FEATURED VIDEO This month’s featured video is “Why you should be out of the hay business” by Jim Gerrish. This presentation was given at the 2019 Kentucky Grazing Conferences held in Boone and Christian Counties on October 30 and 31. The video can be found at https://bit.ly/3NigSy1

FENCING TIP Use a high-quality geared reel. High quality reels are an essential part of temporary fencing systems. They should be constructed of UV stabilized plastic, have insulated handles, and a positive locking mechanism. Geared reels are ideal since they make wire retrieval much faster. It is tempting to save a few dollars on “economy” reels, however, these reels rarely last more than a season or two.

June • Cow Country • 25

2021-22 MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION * MEMBERSHIP YEAR 10/1/21– 9/30/22

NAME

SPOUSE NAME

FARM NAME

ADDRESS

CITY

STATE

COUNTY

RECRUITED BY

PHONE

FAX

EMAIL

ZIP

*Payments of KCA membership dues are tax deductible for most members as an ordinary and necessary business expense. However, charitable contributions of gifts to KCA are not tax deductible for Federal Income Tax purposes. Due to new IRS regulations, $2.24 of your dues would not be deductible. Approximately $12 of your dues will go towards the monthly publication Cow Country News.

PLEASE CHECK THE MEMBERSHIP(S) YOU WOULD LIKE TO JOIN: KCA MEMBERSHIP ($30/YR) Membership dues are $30 unless otherwise listed below

NEW

RENEWAL

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RENEWAL

KCA COUPLE MEMBERSHIP To add your spouse, please add $15 to your KCA Membership KENTUCKY JUNIOR CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATION ($10/YR)

I WOULD LIKE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON THE YOUNG PRODUCER’S COUNCIL

COUNTY DUES Dues are $30 except for the counties listed below.

Allen................................$40 Anderson........................$25 Bourbon..........................$20 Boyle ..............................$35 Bullitt ...............................$20 Butler ..............................$25 Franklin ...........................$25 Highlands .......................$20 (Boyd, Floyd, Johnson, Lawrence, & Martin)

Hopkins ..........................$35 Laurel..............................$35 Lincoln ............................$25 Louisville Area ................$20 (Jefferson, & Spencer) Magoffin ..........................$20 Menifee ...........................$25

Mountain........................$25 (Breathitt, Knott, Lee, Leslie, Letcher, Morgan, Owsley, Perry & Wolfe) Oldham ...........................$35 Taylor ..............................$20 Twin Lakes ......................$25 Warren ............................$40 Wayne ............................$25 Whitley ............................$25 Woodford ........................$25

TOTAL MEMBERSHIP: KCA

KJCA

$

$

TOTAL CONTRIBUTIONS: CATTLEMEN’S FOUNDATION DONATION (voluntary)

$

TOTAL AMOUNT ENCLOSED: ALL DONATIONS TO KCF ARE TAX DEDUCTIBLE

26 • Cow Country • June

$

IF YOU WOULD ALSO LIKE TO JOIN THE NATIONAL CATTLEMEN’S BEEF ASSOCIATION The NCBA is now a State Marketing Partner with the KCA. You can pay your dues to both organizations with one check, at the same time. # HEAD 1-100

DUES $150

# HEAD 1,001-1,250

DUES $1,150

101-250

$300

1,251-1,500

$1,400

251-500

$450

1,501-1,750

$1,650

501-750

$650

1,751-2,000

$1,900

751-1000

$650

> 2,000

$1,900 + .38/HD

Complete and return to: Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association 176 Pasadena Drive • Suite 4 • Lexington, KY 40503 Join online at www.kycattle.org or call (859) 278-0899

MEMBERSHIP

“We are KCA members because the networking and educational opportunities for young farmers entering the beef industry are invaluable.”

Cody & Angela Rakes, Marion County DIVISION 1

2022

2021

Diff

DIVISION 2

Barren

415

472

-57

Adair

332

306

26

Bath

307

271

Shelby

294

Marion

DIVISION 3

2022

2021

Diff

Pendleton

86

66

20

Purchase Area

84

77

7

Clinton-Cumberland

78

67

11

Fayette

76

75

1

Webster

77

75

2

Calloway

72

32

40

Robertson

72

56

16

Rockcastle

70

54

16

Out of State

66

67

-1

Taylor

64

60

4

Campbell

62

66

-4

Mason

62

58

4

Woodford

62

63

-1

Lewis

59

52

7

Oldham

57

55

2

Grant

55

65

-10

Nelson

53

60

-7

Todd

47

48

-1

Montgomery

46

44

2

(UP TO 75 MEMBERS)

2022

2021

Diff

Edmonson

178

138

40

Ohio

46

53

-7

Warren

177

148

29

Wayne

44

45

-1

36

Jessamine

164

136

28

Whitley

43

52

-9

335

-41

Larue

158

138

20

294

283

11

Metcalfe

148

143

5

Estill

44

33

11

Breckinridge

280

279

1

Henry

146

150

-4

Highlands

43

42

1

Christian

279

258

21

Laurel

132

141

-9

Nicholas

39

38

1

Madison

267

262

5

Monroe

132

134

-2

Hancock

39

46

-7

37

35

2

(151+ MEMBERS)

(76-150 MEMBERS)

Grayson

244

248

-4

Franklin

126

117

9

Simpson

Lincoln

231

257

-26

Allen

125

106

19

Union

36

37

-1

Washington

206

179

27

Fleming

122

122

0

Butler

30

28

2

118

128

-10

Clark

205

187

18

Pulaski

Clay

31

28

3

Hart

200

197

3

Daviess

115

124

-9

McCreary

29

29

0

112

104

8

Carroll

34

36

-2

Bullitt

28

32

-4

Crittenden

25

23

2

McLean

23

27

-4

Hopkins

22

25

-3

Livingston

20

22

-2

Logan

204

209

-5

Northeast Area

Bracken

191

177

14

Scott

105

99

6

Casey

181

154

27

Anderson

107

81

26

Mercer

178

171

7

Caldwell/Lyon

100

110

-10

Northern Kentucky

159

153

6

Garrard

98

91

7

98

92

6

Hardin

151

174

-23

Boyle

Harrison

150

162

-12

Trimble

94

102

-8

Green

150

159

-9

Trigg

91

90

1

Knox

20

35

-15

19

17

2

Meade

Totals as of: MAY 11, 2022

133

178

-45

2022

2021

Difference

10,295

10,115

+180

Bourbon

91

89

2

Menifee

Mountain

87

84

3

Henderson

13

11

2

Jackson

84

97

-13

Gallatin

7

7

0

Owen

88

77

11

Magoffin

6

10

-4

Louisville Area

77

86

-9

Powell

6

8

-2

Twin Lakes

77

80

-3

Muhlenberg

74

79

-5

River Hills

6

6

0

Russell

70

76

-6

Eastern Foothills

5

7

-2

Pike

4

7

-3

Bell

2

1

1

Harlan

1

2

-1

If you need anything for membership, please contact Nikki Whitaker at (859) 278-0899 or nwhitaker@kycattle.org

Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Awards Youth Scholarship Nikki Whitaker Kenttucky Cattlemen's Association The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Youth Scholarship, funded by the KCA Foundation, began in 1991 and has provided $144,000 in scholarship funds to students across Kentucky. Student’s applying for the application must attend a Kentucky College or University and must major in Agriculture or an Agriculturally-related subject. The recipients are chosen based on academic performance, community activities, and beef industry essay statements. Five $1,500 scholarships are awarded each year to one student per each KCA Region with the possibility of two additional at large scholarships.

The 2022 recipients are: Luke Luttrull from Hopkinsville is a graduate from Christian County High School. Luke will be attending Murray State University majoring in Agriculture Education.

28 • Cow Country • June

Sarah Anne Sargeant from Hopkinsville is a graduate from Heritage Christian Academy.

Sarah Anne will be attending Murray State University majoring in Agribusiness.

Will Faulkner from New Haven is a graduate from LaRue County High School.

Will will be attending the University of Kentucky majoring in Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering.

Caden Kephart from Pleasureville is a graduate from Henry County High School.

Caden will be attending Northeastern Oklahoma A&M College majoring in Agribusiness.

Katharine Wilson from Keene is a graduate from West Jessamine High School.

Katharine will be attending University of Kentucky majoring in Agricultural & Medical Biotechnology.

Haley Polley from Maysville is a graduate from Mason County High School. Haley will be attending the University of Kentucky majoring in Animal Science (Pre-Vet).

Mary Elizabeth Daugherty from Raywick is a graduate from Marion County High School. Mary Elizabeth will be attending Elizabethtown Community College then Western Kentucky University majoring in Engineering Technology & Management.

The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation would like to thank all the participants who applied for the Foundation Scholarship this year and would like to congratulate the 2022 Foundation Scholarship winners.

The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation mission is to pursue opportunities that promote the profitability of the cattle industry in Kentucky through educational and philanthropic endeavors. For more information visit www.kycattle.org or call 859-278-0899.

PRIVATE TREATY SALES CHECKOFF INVESTMENT FORM State and National Beef Promotion and Research Programs Information is required by 7 CRF 1260.201.

Failure to report can result in a fine. Information is held confidential per 7 CRF 1260.203.

TODAY’S DATE

ID NUMBER (IF KNOWN)

SELLER’S NAME

BUYER’S NAME

ADDRESS

ADDRESS

CITY

STATE

ZIP

CITY

SELLER’S SIGNATURE

STATE

ZIP

BUYER’S SIGNATURE

Both the seller and the buyer are responsible for making sure that the $1 per head assessment is collected and remitted to the Kentucky Beef Council.

DATE OF SALE

TOTAL NUMBER OF CATTLE SOLD

STATE OF ORIGIN*

X X

$1.OO per Head Federal Checkoff $1.OO per Head State Checkoff

Total Checkoff Payment for Federal and State

$

PERSON REMITTING FORM

+

BUYER

SELLER

PHONE

$

=

*If the cattle purchased came from another state within the last 30 days, indicate from which state the cattle were purchased.

$

Send Report and Remittance to: Kentucky Beef Council 176 Pasadena Drive Lexington, KY 40503 For additional information: call 859-278-0899 or email beef@kycattle.org

According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this information collection is 05810093. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

June • Cow Country • 29

2022 Research Looks Different At Princeton Station Katie Pratt University of Kentucky

on the amount of equipment and facilities needing to be replaced or repaired. Some researchers will start the season with small setbacks while others may take much longer before they can return to their pre-tornado levels.

Andy Bailey, UK extension tobacco specialist. Photo by Stephen Patton, UK Agricultural Communications Specialist

While it has only been a few months since the University of Kentucky Research and Education Center at Princeton took a catastrophic direct hit from an EF-4 tornado, center scientists are beginning to ramp up their research programs for the growing season.

lengths to do so with what facilities remain.

Please bear with us as we work to rebuild.”

Research programs will vary depending

Kiersten Wise, UK extension plant pathologist, lost many important disease samples and will have to restart many of her research efforts. This includes a project studying the Northern corn leaf blight fungus’, Exserohilum turcicum, adaptation to fungicide use and potentially resistance development. Wise’s program was the only laboratory in the United States working on this project, and prior to the tornado, she received samples from across the country for analyzation. Those samples are now mostly gone along with samples for a project on ear rots and historical disease samples that were stored in her lab under special conditions.

“We have to build our collections up and restart our laboratory research program,” Wise said. “The hard thing is I want answers for the farmers I work with, but now it is going to take some time.”

Depending on the program, research will look different at the center than in past years. The center, which encompasses nearly 1,600 acres lost almost all of its facilities and research-grade equipment.

Due to these losses and supply chain issues, some research programs may not be able to resume normal operations for the foreseeable future.

UK Research and Education Center director Carrie Knott stands by a corn planter and a newly constructed storage structure. Photo

by Stephen Patton “While we are resuming research, some programs are going to look and feel a little different for at least the next year,” said Carrie Knott, UKREC director. “All researchers are committed to supporting Kentucky producers and are going to great 30 • Cow Country • June

UK Research and Education Center director Carrie Knott stands by a corn planter and a newly constructed storage structure. Photo by Stephen Patton

KCA HALL OF FAME AWARD DO YOU KNOW AN OUTSTANDING CATTLEMAN? The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Hall of Fame is designed to honor a member of the organization that has given time, service, and talent to the betterment of the Cattlemen’s Association at the county and/or state levels.

2023 applications must be postmarked by August 5th, 2022.

Call Becky Thompson at (859) 278-0899 with questions.

Application available at kycattle.org.

The center’s beef unit facilities and fences sustained significant damage. All handling facilities were destroyed. The station also lost six miles of fence. Due to this loss, some of the center’s herd was temporarily relocated to UK’s Oran C. Little Research in Woodford County. Katie VanValin, UK extension beef specialist, plans for those cattle to return to the station this spring as perimeter fencing gets rebuilt.

“The damage has probably set us back a year because cattle research needs to be conducted at certain times to be valuable,” VanValin said. “Our first priority is to maintain the health of our cowherd.”

VanValin joined the faculty at the center in 2020 and was in the beginnings of her research program at Princeton when the tornado hit. This year, she will continue the long-term selenium study started by Roy Burris, James Matthews and Phillip Bridges.

She also plans to focus on research areas that do not require live animal handling.

While all the solar panels that transmitted data from the herd’s smart ear tags to a computer at the station were destroyed in the tornado, VanValin was able to secure data up until the tornado hit. She hopes to

analyze this data collected just prior to the tornado from the herd’s CowManager Ear Tags to gain better insights into the animals’ reaction to the natural disaster.

Andy Bailey, UK extension tobacco specialist, lost nine of 10 barns at the station and sustained damage to his transplanter and sprayer. He expects it will take a few years to rebuild his facilities and is working with an equipment supplier to repair the transplanter. He and his graduate students Andrea Keeney and Caleb Perkins will continue research this year with Keeney on track to graduate with her doctorate in May 2023. Thanks to partnerships with Murray State University and the University of Tennessee Highland Rim AgResearch and Education Center, Bailey and the students will conduct almost all of their planned research at both locations.

Bailey has conducted research at both locations for the past two decades, but it will be ramped up this year. He also plans to do more on-farm trials with Kentucky producers including black shank trials in Hopkinsville and a burley trial on a Daviess County farm. The Calloway County office of the UK Cooperative Extension Service is providing them with office space so they can

be closer to their research at Murray.

While Bailey hopes the transplanter is fixed before spring planting, both UT and Murray State have offered to allow him to use their on-site equipment so he can get his research plots planted.

“I’m really happy we have these relationships,” he said. “We won’t be able to do everything we had planned, but we will come close. I can’t thank Murray State University and the University of Tennessee enough.”

No tobacco was in the barns destroyed by the tornado. Bailey had finished stripping his research in mid-November. His research data for the past 10 years was also retrieved from the station’s server.

Soil scientist Edwin Ritchey plans for much of his research program to continue as planned but will do more research and extension activities off station property than he has in past years.

The Kentucky Agriculture Training School resumed offering workshops shortly after the tornado. Some programs will be held offsite, and the program lineup will be different than in past years.

June • Cow Country • 31

Alison Smith Retail & Foodservice

By June, the cobwebs have been knocked off the grill and the smell of sizzling beef is in the air as folks gather together for summer cookouts. However, this year consumers are faced with higher prices as they select their protein to throw on the grill. Beef prices have increased 20% compared to November 2020. This is due to high beef demand, regular seasonal fluctuation and unforeseen market disruptions.1 According to the Consumer Price Index, all grocery items have experienced significant price increases in the past year. For example, cereal products have increased by 3% since November 2020, pork has increased by 14% and chicken has increased by 9%.2 Nevertheless, beef continues to outperform the rest of the protein market in terms of dollars and annual growth percentages.1 Additionally, beef continues to be the protein of choice for consumers, remaining the only protein between beef, pork and chicken to experience elevated sales in May of 2021 compared to May of 2019.1 The good news - the beef Americans know and love will continue to be available on store shelves.

To keep beef top of mind and king of the grill, the Kentucky Beef Council will continue to highlight beef ’s value and versatility throughout the summer months.

One of those efforts is through social media and e-commerce platforms. Since COVID, research has shown us consumers are purchasing more and more online. So, in an effort to meet them where they are, KBC, along with several other state beef councils, have teamed up with National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, a contractor for the Beef Checkoff, Kroger and Pinterest for a summer grilling campaign. This campaign will run from July 5 through September 5. The pins will be targeted towards current beef buyers, lapsed beef buyers, as well as those that purchase other meats. Pins will not only include beef “beauty” shots for meal inspiration, but can also share beef product information and recipes. Shoppers will be able to click on the recipe ad and be able to directly place beef in their cart.

References 1) NielsenIQ, Answers on Demand, Monthly Protein Sales ending March 2022, Data processed 3/26/22 2) Consumer Price Index. November 2021. https://www. bls.gov/news.release/pdf/cpi.pdf 32 • Cow Country • June

SHOPPERS, START

YOUR ENGINES!

In February, KBC, along with several other state beef councils, “beefed up” a national Beef. It’s What’s for Dinner 300/Game Day activation campaign with Chicory, an online recipe shopping company. The campaign activated up to seven different sets of creative on Chicory’s more than 1,500 partner recipe and influencer sites to drive beef sales back to all of Kroger’s 24 banners in 35 states. Through the campaign, there was a strong engagement with overall impressions exceeding 5M and a click-through-rate (CTR) of 0.18%, exceeding Chicory’s CTR benchmark of 0.16%. Overall, the campaign had a $13 return-on-ad spend (ROS) resulting in $982,600 in beef sales at retailers around the country. Interestingly, 44% of the purchases came from shoppers, who were enticed by the beef advertisements as they were looking at other protein recipes.

GRILLING BASICS This is a popular method for preparing steak, but it’s also the one that tends to worry a lot of beginner cooks. But when you follow these steps (and allow yourself a little practice), you’ll find grilling is easy and—most importantly—very satisfying. Check out more specific guidelines on www.BeefItsWhatsForDinner.com PREP PAYS OFF - Some grill experts emphasize the importance of bringing steaks to room temperature before grilling, but we don’t recommend it for food safety reasons. Likewise, our cooking chart is based on the meat going directly from chill to grill. So plan on pulling the meat from the fridge, seasoning well, and getting started right away.

FIRE IT UP - Make sure your grill grate is clean. If you’re using charcoal, follow the directions for how much you’ll need and how to build the charcoal pile. For gas grills, refer to your owner’s manual and set the grill to medium.

GRILL, BABY, GRILL - Use an instant-read thermometer to monitor doneness, and let it go—don’t flip the steaks so much! One flip is usually all you need, but take care to avoid charring or burning and be ready to turn down the heat (or move to a cooler spot on the grill) if necessary. Keep in mind the internal temperature will continue to rise for a few minutes after coming off the grill.

REST & RELAX - Here’s another step novice cooks often overlook: resting the meat before serving— even if you’re hungry. It’s seriously worth the wait, because it prevents all those tasty juices from draining onto your plate. For most grill-friendly cuts, about five minutes is enough.

FINISHING TOUCHES - If you're slicing the steak before serving, be sure to cut across the grain to maximize tenderness.

SIMPLE STEAK SWAPS

HAPPY FATHER'S DAY

SIMPLE STEAK SWAPS

reat versatility means there areBeef’s plenty of options formeans every that taste and budget.

BEEF’S VERSATILITY: great versatility

To celebrate Father's Day, join Dad alongside the grill or surprise him with a tasty meal. Of course, nothing screams “Dad” like a steak and potato recipe. Try this recipe from Beef. It's What's For Dinner., the authority on all things beef.

consumers can find cuts at a variety of price points to fit their even amid price fluctuations. If you can't find the cut you're looking for, chat with the butcher or theChuck Eye Steak teak Strip Steak Top Sirloin Filet A tender meat counter to find another beef option that would work forand savory cut. on) A low-cost alternative. your recipe. Another great benefit of beef is even if you have Flat Iron Steak trouble finding or affording your ideal cut, it can be easy to tender, well-marbled Extremely and flavorful. swap in other, more affordable cuts without sacrificing flavor.

Petite Sirloin Steak For example, a Tenderloin can be swapped in manyA recipes great value steak. Grill after marinating.

Chuck Steak SteakSteak can be swappedPorterhouse ak with aEye Strip Petite Roast. AStrip Ribeye with Steak Big enough for two. Simply season a Chuck Eye Steak for a more affordable option, or even a this sublime combination of Strip Strip Steak for a lean option. BeefItsWhatsforDinner.comandisTenderloin a to grill.

Ribeye Steak great place to learn more about all beef cut options and find Rich, juicy and full-flavored with inspiring and cooking tips marbling Beef’s Beef’s greatrecipes great versatility versatility means means there there are plenty are generous plenty of options ofthroughout. options for every for every taste and tastebudget. and budget.

ut:

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GRILLED FLANK STEAK

AND POTATO SALAD

SIMPLE SIMPLE STEAK STEAK SWAPS SWAPS

ak

Strip Steak

Porterhouse Steak

Original Original Cut: Cut: Swap For: Swap For: Tenderloin Tenderloin Steak Steak (Filet Mignon) (Filet Mignon)

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Ribeye Steak

Steak Steak Strip Steak iletRibeyeRibeye

Strip Steak Strip Steak T-Bone Steak

Chuck Chuck Eye Steak Eye Steak Flat Iron Steak

Top Sirloin Steak (Center Cut)

Petite Sirloin Steak

T-Bone T-Bone Steak Steak

Strip Steak Strip Steak

Strip Steak Tender, lean and perfect for grilling.

T-Bone Steak Smaller than the Porterhouse with the same tenderness and satisfying flavor.

Tenderloin Steak (FiletFilet Mignon) Top Sirloin Top Sirloin Filet

The most tender steak, lean yet succulent, with a fine buttery texture.

Top Sirloin Steak (Center Cut) A flavorful cut that is versatile and juicy.

Great served as a steak or cut into kabobs.

Top Sirloin Filet Tender, thick, and perfectly portioned.

Simply season with salt and pepper or your favorite rub before grilling.

Strip Steak Strip Steak

KEY TO RECOMMENDED COOKING METHODS

GRILL

SOUS VIDE

BROIL

SKILLETTO-OVEN

BRAISE/ POT ROAST

SKILLETS

Porterhouse Porterhouse Steak Steak STIR-FRY

ROAST

Chuck EyeChuck Steak Eye Steak A tender and A tender savoryand cut.savory cut.

A low-cost Aalternative. low-cost alternative.

Flat Iron Steak Flat Iron Steak Extremely tender, Extremely well-marbled tender, well-marbled INGREDIENTS:and 1 beef Flank Steak (about 1-1/4 pounds) • 1/2 flavorful. and flavorful.

cups barbecue sauce • Steak 1/2Sirloin teaspoon Petite Sirloin Petite Steak prepared horseradish • 1/4 teaspoon seasoning • 1/2 cup prepared balsamic A great Cajun value A great steak. value Grill steak. after blend marinating.

Grill after marinating. vinaigrette • 1/4 cup diced green bell pepper • 1/4 cup diced red Porterhouse Porterhouse Steak Steak bell pepper • 8 Big ounces Bibb lettuce Big enough forenough two. Simply for two. season Simply season

this sublime this combination sublime combination of Strip of Strip cup dairy sour cream Potato Salad: 1/4 cup mayonnaise • 1/4 and Tenderloin and Tenderloin to grill. to grill.

• 1 teaspoon Dijon-style mustard • 1 teaspoon Worcestershire Ribeye Steak Ribeye Steak sauce • 1 pound small new potatoes, quartered, boiled, drained Rich, •juicy Rich, full-flavored juicy and full-flavored with onions with • 1 slice bacon, and cooled 1/4and cup sliced green generous marbling generousthroughout. marbling throughout. cooked, cooled and crumbled • 1 tablespoon chopped chives • 1 Strip Steak Strip tablespoon snipped fresh dillSteak Tender, lean Tender, and perfect lean and for perfect grilling. for grilling.

Garnish: 1/2 cup French fried onions (optional) T-Bone Steak T-Bone Steak

SmallerCombine than Smaller the Porterhouse than the Porterhouse withsauce, the with the COOKING: barbecue horseradish and Cajun same tenderness same tenderness and satisfying andthoroughly. flavor. satisfying flavor.Cover and refrigerate seasoning in small bowl; mix until ready to use.

Tenderloin Tenderloin Steak (FiletSteak Mignon) (Filet Mignon) The most tender The most steak, tender leansteak, yet succulent, lean yet succulent,

Strip Steak Strip Steak

RibeyeRibeye Steak Steak

T-Bone T-Bone Steak Steak

Combine balsamic vinaigrette and peppers in small bowl; mix with a fine with buttery a fine texture. buttery texture. thoroughly. Cover and refrigerate until ready to use.

Top SirloinTop Steak Sirloin (Center Steak Cut) (Center Cut)

Combine mayonnaise, cream, A flavorful cut A flavorful that is versatile cutsour that isand versatile juicy. mustard and juicy. and Worcestershire Great Great as aserved steakAdd or as cut apotatoes, steak into kabobs. or cut green into kabobs. sauce inserved large bowl. onions, bacon, chives and dill; mix thoroughly.

Season with salt and pepper, as Top SirloinTop Filet Sirloin Filet desired.

Cover and refrigerate untilportioned. ready to use.

Tender, thick, Tender, and perfectly thick, andportioned. perfectly Simply season Simply withseason salt and with pepper salt and or pepper or

Top Sirloin Top Sirloin Filet Filet

Strip Steak Strip Steak

Flat Iron Flat Steak Iron Steak

Top Sirloin Top Sirloin Steak Steak (Center(Center Cut) Cut)

Petite Sirloin Petite Sirloin Steak Steak

Brush beef Steak with barbecue sauce. Place steak on your Flank favorite your rubfavorite before rub grilling. before grilling. grid over medium, ash-covered coals. Grill, covered, 11 to 16 minutes (over medium heat on preheated gas grill, covered, KEY TO RECOMMENDED KEY TO RECOMMENDED 16 to 21 minutes) for medium rare (145°F) to medium (160°F) COOKING COOKING METHODS METHODS doneness, turning occasionally and basting with remaining barbecue sauce during last 5 to 10 minutes. Remove steak from grill; thinly slice steak diagonally across the grain; keep warm.

GRILL SOUS GRILLVIDE SOUSBROIL VIDE BROIL Divide lettuce between four plates. Top with potato salad and steak. Drizzle withSKILLETprepared balsamic dressing and peppers.

SKILLETBRAISE/ BRAISE/ SKILLETS SKILLETS TO-OVEN POT ROAST POT ROAST Season with salt TO-OVEN and pepper, as desired. Garnish with onions, as desired.

STIR-FRY

STIR-FRY ROAST

ROAST

June • Cow Country • 33

Your KBN Facilitators Are Here For You Becky Thompson Director, Kentucky Beef Network Have you met the Kentucky Beef Network’s boots on the ground yet? Do you know Ben, Charles, Jacob, Jeff, Ron, or Greg? These hardworking men are your Kentucky Beef Network facilitators. If you haven’t met your KBN facilitator I encourage you to reach out to them and ask them to visit your farm to see what KBN opportunities we could offer you.

KBN’s mission is to assist beef cattle producers, improve animal health, genetics, forages, and marketing opportunities by enhancing producer profitability. All 38,000 cattlemen in Kentucky have the opportunity to benefit from programs and services offered through the KBN. KBN facilitators are spread throughout the state and all have different backgrounds and production experiences depending on their location in the state. They are equipped draw from their own experiences and expertise to help you collect weaning weights on your calves, explain opportunities KBN has with its Preconditioning Value Added Program (PVAP), Master Education Series, or on farm environmental practices. They can also introduce you to your extension agent, conservation district, or CAIP program areas.

From the start the KBN facilitators had a simple charge; reach as many producers as possible, on an individual basis, and build relationships that will open the door for helping them take a step up in management, regardless of their current management status. The process starts with county agriculture agents and producer leaders.

In some cases the agents and producers establish area priorities for the facilitators to follow.

The advantages to this concept are many.

KBN will provides a flexible work force with credibility with farmers that professional staff doesn’t have. Since KBN’s top priority is reaching farmers that are not typically joiners or meeting-goers, this credibility is especially important.

The array of activities and services the facilitators have provided is vast, ranging from very basic help to screening CPH45 calves to helping coordinate Master Cattlemen training. One example of basic assistance involved a facilitator inviting a newcomer to the cattle business to his farm so that he could demonstrate banding (a form of castration) young calves. This relationship also gives the newcomer a network of resources they can reference when the need arises.

Jeff Stephens (606) 782-7640

Charles Embry (270) 646-5939

Greg Cole (859) 221-1217

Ben Lloyd (270) 993-1074

Ron Shrout (606) 205-6143

34 • Cow Country • June

On the other end of the spectrum, a facilitator worked closely with two producers to determine the total benefit to participating in CPH-45. This consisted of assisting the farmers in processing and weighing cattle, determining market values, and with keeping records of the inputs associated with CPH-45.

Some of the facilitator, producer relationships go back to the beginning of KBN however; thus allowing the producer to develop trust, respect while experiencing a successful relationship with their facilitator. This enables the facilitator to make suggestions for improvements to the flow of the operation that may include the use of new technology and management practices that enables the cow herd to become more profitable while building equity for the future.

The staff and facilitators of the Kentucky Beef Network are here for you, the Kentucky beef producer. We can provide services to add value to your cattle and protect your livelihood as a beef producer, but most of all we can be your companion. If you ever have any ideas on how we can help you more, please call our office and give us your suggestions.

Jacob Settles (859) 805-0724

Eden Shale Update Dan Miller Industry Coordinator, Kentucky Beef Network Maintenance is a big line item on any farm. Buildings, fences, equipment. There is always something that needs attention. And coming in just as important, but far less glamourous, is gravel. A farm always has the need for more gravel.

With over 3 miles of private gravel roads at Eden Shale we have plenty of need for gravel. That doesn’t include any areas around barns, winter feeding areas, or cattle watering locations.

We recently had to purchase gravel to work on some of the worst spots of the gravel roads. Last fall we put 10 loads (tri-axle dump trucks) of rock down on the main farm road.

This is the corridor that we do all our winter feeding from, requiring more maintenance due to the equipment traffic during those wettest months. 10 loads didn’t even get all the bad spots repaired, but we were able to target the worst areas and get the road back into good shape. If you have been on a tour at the farm, you have been down this main corridor.

This spring we purchased two more loads of rock to repair some steep sections of the gravel road that goes down to a creek bottom where our best hay ground is located. This hill requires attention every spring due to the gravel washing down to the bottom. Usually, I move the gravel back to the top and back drag everything smooth. But this year the ditch had filled in causing the water to jump out on to the drive way and wash the road down to bare dirt. The two loads of rock brought the road back up to existing grade and ready for another hay season of traffic.

A maintenance item that has been needing attention for some time now is the automatic waterers in the paddock section of the farm. There are 22 paddocks with 12 different automatic water tanks. All of the waterers have some level of erosion around them and each one needs gravel added to bring it back up to grade. We ordered 4 loads of rock and used it to get the water tanks back in good condition. It took on average about 6 skid steer buckets of gravel for each water location.

As you can see in the photo, these water tanks had not had any gravel added for quite some time. They are all in good shape now, and should be stable for several years of service.

I know gravel is not very glamourous, but it is necessary to keep a farm in good working order.

K E N T U C K Y B E E F N E T W O R K FA C I L I TAT O R S

Ben Lloyd

Whitesville, KY (270) 993-1074 benlloyd0223@gmail.com

Ron Shrout

Winchester, KY (606) 205-6143 ronshrout@bellsouth.net

Charles Embry

Cave City, KY (270) 646-5939 dale.embry@yahoo.com

Jeff Stephens

Ewing, KY (606) 782-7640 stephensbeef@gmail.com

Jacob Settles

Springfield, KY (859) 805-0724 jacob.settles4@yahoo.com June • Cow Country • 35

The Practical Economics of Farm-to-Table Grass-Finished Beef Debby Dulworth Dogwood Farm In stark contrast to the plentiful rains that have blessed most Kentucky pastures during the spring of 2022, the extensive western drought of 2021 now continues with little respite into the summer of 2022. Here, we must count our blessings. Record heat during the second week of May has made a few Kentucky farmers nervous about what summer might bring, since weather systems often track from west to east from year to year.

Nevertheless, Kentucky cattle producers should be able to make better profits this year, even for conventionally-raised cattle here in Kentucky. For producers who sell all of their cattle at commodity prices through sale barns, there may be a limit to how high prices can go, because the costs of feeding cattle in western feedlots involves so much expense. Costs in the feedlots continue to rise because of escalating fertilizer costs for

36 • Cow Country • June

growing grain, and for the grain itself, not to mention sharply risen costs for fuel and transportation. Such costs could put a cap on demand for feeder and stocker calves.

What really makes us count our blessings, however, is the increasingly regenerative nature of our farm and cattle operation.

Here, the miracles of nature are constantly at work. Here, we don't sell our calves as feeder cattle; we keep them at home. Here, forages and hay feed all of our cattle--brood cows, grass-finished steers, young bulls and service-age bulls--year-round, without any supplemental grain. Consequently, the "outside inputs" are minimal here.

Fuel costs have, of course spiked after the pandemic. Until we deliver our finished steers to the processor for our customers, we have no cattle transportation costs. This past winter, the main increase in costs for our cattle has been for seed to replenish

forages on our farm, and also for diesel fuel required to run our two tractors, which are currently harvesting most of the hay required for next winter's feeding and balegrazing.

We have no "feedlot costs" (with the exception of seed and planting expenses) because our feeder calves stay at home. As long as they are here, from birth until they are finished beeves, they are fertilizing the pastures where they graze. The natural action of their hooves works manure and urine into the soil during a brief grazing period, which has lasting and cumulative effects, building soil rather than eroding it, as row crop corn, wheat and soybeans used to do, repeatedly, in previous decades.

After a day or two of grazing (sometimes even less time) in a limited spot, we move the cattle to a fresh paddock of mixed forages using portable electric fencing--

polywire and step-in posts. When the herd leaves that paddock, they also leave soil inoculated with billions of natural microbes from the rumen of every single animal. In addition, cattle have recycled most of the nutrients they have grazed and minerals consumed--at least 80 percent, by most expert opinions.

The soil and the plants that live and grow on that spot, if they have not been over-grazed, immediately begin to profit from each visit, as soon as the cattle have left to graze a new spot. Trimmed to about six inches tall, the sward of forage is visibly revitalized within days, after having been inoculated, stimulated and fertilized. A diverse mixture of grasses, legumes and forbs will then begin immediately to grow back, with seasonal variations as the weather warms.

The legumes, which cattle often graze first, will contribute more nitrogen from being grazed several times than can be achieved by simply disking the ground to terminate the clover. Each time the clover is grazed, from spring through fall, the nodules in the roots will release nitrogen into the soil, helping to fertilize and stimulate the growth of the grasses and forbs, contributing the equivalent of up to 80 pounds of nitrogen per acre per grazing event.

According to a study in Nebraska, which evaluated the response of growing corn after clover, a vigorous stand of clover can fix 100-150 pounds of nitrogen per year depending on soil and growing conditions.

Even when clover is terminated in spring or fall, as in that trial, and even at the 2020 fertilizer nitrogen prices of $0.60 per pound, this translated to $60-$90 per acre.

But our pastures are grazed multiple times each growing season. For our pastures, that cycle is repeated throughout the growing season, as long as there is sufficient moisture to allow the clover to return. After resting for a period of about six weeks, more or less, as long as there is timely rainfall, the recovered pasture will be ready to graze again. The process of fertilization repeats its cycle each time the cattle graze through a paddock, usually nipping the clover first.

A wide variety of grasses benefit from the nitrogen that red and white clover varieties contribute, including orchardgrass, timothy, bluegrass, perennial and annual ryegrasses, brome, selected crabgrass, and yes, even volunteer Johnsongrass (which our friend and advisor Greg Brann has called perennial sorghum). These grasses fuel our cattle and their busy rumens throughout

the growing season. Vigorous red clover plants also cover bare spots in the sward to help hold down weeds between clumps of orchardgrass and fescue.

As on most Kentucky farms, of course, cool-season tall fescue is the backbone of our pasture sward, growing alongside these other grasses. Throughout the entire winter grazing season just past, we used stockpiled fescue to help feed the entire herd, on various paddocks around the farm. On January 22, we put out 14 big round bales of hay, and used the techniques of balegrazing that Dr. Greg Halich has written about here in the Cow Country News in previous issues. These, along with stockpiled fescue, kept 38 spring-calving cows wellfed through three snows and two flash floods, until March 1. Six more bales fed them through March, when pastures began greening up. The established fescue sod held up well through all of that weather.

The cattle, and a separate herd of up to forty bred and open heifers kept moving from pasture to pasture all winter long. The cattle did not have to wade through deep mud, as many Kentucky cows had to do last winter.

Most of the spring-calving cows and heifers calved in April and early May on clean fresh pasture. The fall-calvers will begin calving in September.

During the month of March and the first week of April, we used a broadcast seeder on our small tractor, pulling a small dragchain-harrow, over-seeding the wintergrazed paddocks with a mixture of clover seeds and various small-seeded grasses, which have already begun to emerge and

grow as those paddocks get a well-deserved rest.

We don't know what the equivalent nitrogen and fertilizer value is for the multiple grazings, but we can easily observe that the whole sward is healthier and more vigorous after repeating these cycles of fast grazing and long rest year after year, for a decade or more. Again, with no hard data from trials or studies to back up our observations, we do know that clover helps regenerate soil here in our all-natural pastures, working better and longer, with more positive economic returns, than applications of expensive artificial nitrogen.

We also know that our customers expect us to honor our commitment to all-natural production, even though most of them do not know much about the processes of pasture farming. Our customers are mainly health-conscious consumers. Some have battled diseases like cancer, and have been advised by their physicians to consume no food that contains hormones or steroids.

Others have children with severe food allergies of various kinds. Other customers who seek us out are people with digestive disorders like IBS, or bacterial overgrowth.

Many can't safely eat out in restaurants.

Most of our customers simply want to find sources of clean, safe, chemical-free, nutrient-dense, high-quality food that they can trust. They often find us online at eatwild.com and local harvest.org. We intend to continue providing what these challenged consumers want, using the natural interactions of cattle, grass, forbs, clover, weather, and healthy soil.

June • Cow Country • 37

ANGUS THE BUSINESS BREED

President: Henry B. Smith Vice President: Anne Patton Schubert Secretary/Treasurer: Anne DeMott Past President: Jason Crowe

BLEVINS BLACK CATTLE Gary, Nicole, & Ethan Blevins 59 Fieldstone Court Greenup, KY 4114 606.465.4040 blevinsblackcattle@gmail.com

HERITAGE FARM Tom McGinnis 1024 Hinkle Lane • Shelbyville, KY (502) 633-1634, home • (502) 633-5100, work (502) 655-0164, cell

RAGS ANGUS FARM Richard and Glenda Stallons 1240 Dogwood Kelly Road Hopkinsville, KY 42240 Home: (270) 885-4352 Cell: (270) 839-2442 rstallons@bellsouth.net

BOYD BEEF CATTLE 6077 Helena Road Mayslick, KY 41055 Charlie Boyd II: (606) 584-5194 • Blake Boyd: (606) 375-3718 www.boydbeef.com • cboyd2@maysvilleky.net

HILL VIEW FARMS Jimmy Gilles 5160 Lee Rudy Road Owensboro, KY 42301 (270) 686-8876 (270) 929-537

SHAW FAMILY ANGUS Jim & Cathy Shaw 935 Miller Road • Hodgenville, KY 42748 (270) 769-8260 www.shawfamilyangus.com Quality Registered Angus Cattle since 1975

BRANCH VIEW ANGUS 927 Old Liberty Pike • Hustonville, KY 40437 (859) 238-0771 • www.branchviewangus.com James S. & LuAnn Coffey, Donald & Donna Coffey Annual Production Sale- 2nd Saturday in April

JOHNSON FARMS ANGUS Angus Bulls & Females Slaughters, KY Keith: (270) 635-0723 Reese: (270) 635-1137

SMITHLAND ANGUS FARM 5202 East Hwy 80, Russell Springs, KY 42642 Charles “Bud” & Pam Smith: (270) 866-3898 Henry & Melissa Smith: (270) 866-2311

BURKS CATTLE CO. 531 Rick Rd. Park City, KY 42160 Eddie Burks • (270) 991-6398 www.burkscattle.com

LYNN CREEK FARMS Kris and Sara Lynn 2184 Bardstown Rd Springfield KY 40069 573-721-6663

ST. CLAIR FARMS REGISTERED ANGUS Eric & Sherry St. Clair 13433 Falls of Rough Road • Falls of Rough, KY 40119 Home: (270) 257-2965 • Cell: (270) 617-1079 www.stclairangus.com Performance Tested Bull & Female Sale April 2020

BURTON & SONS ANGUS

MT. MORIAH ANGUS FARMS Bob, Kathy, and Rob Clark (859) 748-5558 1446 Kennedy Bridge Rd. Harrodsburg, KY 40330 Bob: (859)339-2610 • Rob: (859)612-1594 mtmoriahfarms1@gmail.com www.mtmoriahangus.com

TAMME VALLEY FARM Jacob Tamme, Owner-Operator (859) 583-7134 jacob.tamme@gmail.com www.tammevalley.com & Find us on Facebook!

COFFEY ANGUS FARMS 661 Hopewell Road Liberty, KY 42539 Matt Coffey: (270) 799-6288 Dewey Coffey: (606) 706-2699 Genetics for Maximum Profitability since 1984

FOUR KINGS ANGUS 250 Bright Leaf Dr. • Harrodsburg, KY 40330 Cary & Kim King Carymking@yahoo.com • fourkingsangus.com Cary Cell: (859) 613-3734 • Colby Myers - Purebred Manager

TRIPLE D ANGUS Nathaniel & Darla Denham Nathaniel(Bub), Sarah, Ashley Denham (606) 423-2457 • (606) 875-0780 tripledangus.com

JASON & KATIE CROWE ELI HASKELL 10825 Red Lick Road Irvine, KY 40336 (859) 582-0761

OLD BARK FARM 370 Ferrill Hill, Buffalo, KY 42716 Kenley Conner 270/358-8057 Registered Angus Cattle

TWIN CREEK FARM Shawn, Melissa, Devin & Dylan Gibson (270) 337-3072 or (270) 692-5304 Dennis & Emily 270/337-2128 or 270/402-4338 Watch for us in Branch View Production Sale in April

DAVIS BEND FARMS 2315 Davis Bend Road Canmer, KY 42722 timmothyljeffries@gmail.com www.davisbendfarms.com Tim: (270) 528-6605 • Leslie: (270) 528-6435

4040 Taylorsville Rd Taylorsville, KY 40071 Gordon Schubert 502-477-2637 • 502-548-8440 Anne Patton Schubert 502-477-2663 • 502-548-2359

WHITE FARM Tim and Amy White 3664 Military Pike • Lexington, KY 40513 Home: (859)223-0326 Tim: (859) 509-5401 • Amy (859)227-2552 whitefarm4@twc.com

FALL CREEK ANGUS 448 Corder Farm Road Monticello, KY 42633 Ronnie Corder (606) 348-6588

PLEASANT HILL FARMS Gil, Mary, Corbin, Caroline, and Catherine Cowles 500 Rockfield Richpond Road Rockfield, KY 42274 (270) 843-9021 • Fax (270) 843-9005 Located 7 miles west of Bowling Green, 1/2 mile off Hwy 68/80

Joe D. or Karen Burton Bryan Carman, Partner, Ridgeview Angus 480 Hominy Hill Rd. Nancy, KY 42544 Joe: (606) 305-3081 • Bryan: (606) 875-3453 Located 15 miles West of Somerset • klburton01@windstream.net Bulls & females sold private treaty. Inquiries Welcome. Sell only what we would buy.

GREAT MEADOWS ANGUS ASSOCIATION Spring Sale: 4th Saturday in April Fall Sale: 3rd Saturday in October www.greatmeadowsangus.com Paul Bradshaw (502) 817-7502 HAMILTON ANGUS FARMS Eddie Hamilton 2142 Stilesville Road Science Hill, KY 42553 edjohami@aol.com (606) 271-1286 Bulls and Females for Sale

Return to: Anne DeMott 1220 Angus Trail Lexington, Kentucky 40509 • Annual Dues $35

NAME

FARM NAME

ADDRESS

CITY

STATE

PHONE 1

PHONE 2

EMAIL

38 • Cow Country • June

KENTUCKY ANGUS ASSOCIATION

MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

ZIP

KENTUCKY ANGUS ASSOCIATION NEWS Anne Stewart DeMott, Secretary/Treasurer www.kentuckyangus.org • kyangusassociation@gmail.com •

@kyangusassoc •

@kyangusassoc •

@kyangusassociation

Greeting from the Kentucky Angus Association and the Board of Directors.

Spring is a much-anticipated season for alllonger days, warmer temperatures, outdoor activities, and the ending of school year for our children. It’s the same for the farmers, but it means a bit more.

Spring is a time for planting and cultivating a new crop. A new crop that provides a livelihood for the farmer and his family.

It is a livelihood that requires faith and commitment. We spend a lot of time investing in planting, soil conservation, contemplating fertilizer needs and our breeding programs. This year, the gamble is getting greater and greater. Let me encourage you, fellow breeders, to not get discouraged.

Continue to invest in your land and your Angus cattle.

We would love to have your support at our Kentucky Angus Preview Show on June 10th in Louisville, Kentucky in conjunction with the All-American Angus Breeders Futurity on June 11th and 12th. Go ahead and mark your calendar for the Kentucky Angus Field Day on June 25th at Tricklin Creek Farm (Adam Chunglo) in Harrodsburg, KY. This is a wonderful event and a great place to get involved with our Kentucky Angus Association.

If I, or any of the other Board of Directors can be any assistance to you, please feel free to reach out.

Henry B. Smith

Bryanna Smith, Russell Springs, and Josh Jasper, Nicholasville, representing the Kentucky Junior Angus Association, were among several Angus youth at the 2022 National Junior Angus Association’s Raising the Bar conference, March 31 - April 3 in Lubbock, Texas. Seventy-eight juniors from 20 state junior Angus associations participated in the conference, to help youth grow as leaders and explore future college and career opportunities, while networking with peers. Photo by Peyton Schmitt, American Angus Association.

Kentucky Angus Association President

Preview (Kentucky Fair & Expo Center)

Field Day

Wednesday, June 8, after 9 am.....Barn available; tie in pavilion

June 25th at 4 pm

Thursday, June 9, 10 am to 12 pm check in all cattle

Chunglo Family, Tricklin’ Creek Farm

TBA Junior Fitting Clinic/Judging Clinic

1731 Warwick Rd., Harrodsburg, KY 40330

Friday, June 10, 10 am Kentucky Preview Junior Show, Tyler Cates, Judge

Meal sponsored by Corteva AgriScience

TBA, Junior Showmanship

Junior activities provided

Junior Show Benefit Auction

Come for your chance to win an ATV boomless sprayer

KAA Board Meeting 1 hour after junior show/activities

RSVP to Colby Myers @ 859.325.1170 or kyangusassociation@gmail.com no later than June 10th June • Cow Country • 39

KENTUCKY

GELBVIEH GELBVIEH KENTUCKY

AA LAND & CATTLE

A S S O C I AT I O N

LARRY CLARK & SONS LLC

Registered Gelbvieh & Balancers William McIntosh, President...........................................................................(502) Registered Gelbvieh Cattle Cynthiana, KY 106 Clark Houk Road • Greensburg, KY 42743 Luke Arthur 298-8323 Luke(859) Arthur, Vice President.............................................................................(859) Larry Clark, Owner & Operator luke.arthur93@gmail.com (270) 299-5167 • (270) 405-6848 Bulls • Show Prospects • Embryos Pat Tilghman, Secretary/Treasurer.....................................................................(270) Lpclarkandsons@msn.com Bulls sell with GE EPD’s • Show Prospects

BAR IVAALIVESTOCK LAND & CATTLE

Barry, Beth & Ben Racke • Brad&Racke Registered Gelbvieh Balancers 7416 Tippenhauer Rd. • Cold Cynthiana, KY Spring, KY 41076 Phone (859) 635-3832 • Barry cell (859) 991-1992 Arthur (859) Brad cellLuke (859) 393-3677 • Ben cell298-8323 (859) 393-3730 Fax (859)luke.arthur93@gmail.com 635-3832 • bar4@twc.com

Bulls • Show Prospects • Embryos Bulls sell with GE EPD’s • Show Prospects

BEE LICK GELBVIEHS

Eddie Reynolds IV Rd. LIVESTOCK 277 OldBAR Bee Lick Barry, KY Beth & Ben Racke • Brad Racke Crab Orchard, 40419 7416 Tippenhauer Rd. • Cold Spring, KY 41076 606-379-2281(H) 606-305-1972(C) (859) • Barry cell (859) 991-1992 Bulls &Phone Females for 635-3832 sale Brad cell (859) 393-3677 • Ben cell (859) 393-3730 Fax (859) 635-3832 • bar4@twc.com

David Slaughter, President.......................(270) 556-4259 JoeA Piles, President...........................(502) 507-3845 S SVice OC I AT I O N PatTilghman,Secretary/Treasurer..............(270) 670-8449

867-3132 298-8323 670-8449

CLIFFORD BRIANFARMS W. DYER, DVM

3459Owner/Manager KY HWY 1284E GELBVIEH/BALANCERS Cynthiana, KY 41031 2050 Glasgow Road Since 1937 Cattle for sale Burkesville, at all times.

(859) 234-6956 KY 42717 Brian, Lauren, Kristen Barry, Emily & Julia (270) 864-5909

BRIAN W. DYER, DVM

Owner/Manager FULL CIRCLE FARMS GELBVIEH/BALANCERS 2050Registered Glasgow Road Gelbvieh Cattle Burkesville, KY 42717 Brad Burke Brian,989 Lauren, Kristen & Julia Metcalf MillBarry, RoadEmily • Ewing KY 41039 (270)(H) 864-5909 606-267-5609 • (C) 606-782-1367

gbb789@windstream.net

FULL CIRCLE FARMS

BEE LICK GELBVIEHS

Eddie Reynolds 277 Old Bee Lick Rd. Crab Orchard, KY 40419 606-379-2281(H) 606-305-1972(C) Bulls & Females for sale CD FARMS Clayton & Debbie Cash 1214 Ottawa School Road BRAY’S GELBVIEH CATTLE Brodhead, KY 40409 Niles & Betty K Bray (606)-308-3247 • (606)-758-8994

1568 Bray Ridge Road Gelbvieh-Balancer Bulls & Heifers For Sale Bedford,

by Private Treaty KY 40006 (502) 255-3584

UPCOMING EVENTS

CD FARMS

Saturday Clayton & Debbie Cash May 15 1214 Ottawa Road Kentucky JuniorSchool Gelbvieh Show & Learning Clinic Brodhead, KY 40409 McIntosh Brothers Farm • 3348 Frankfort Road • Georgetown (606)-308-3247 • (606)-758-8994

Registered Gelbvieh Cattle BradKILBOURNE Burke GELBVIEH 989 Metcalf Mill Road KY • Ewing KY 41039 East Bernstadt, (H) 606-267-5609 • (C) 606-782-1367 606-843-6583 gbb789@windstream.net

cell 606-309-4662 Black Replacement Heifers & Bulls Available Embryo transplant & AI sired calves

KILBOURNE GELBVIEH

East Bernstadt, KY 606-843-6583 MOCKINGBIRD HILL FARMS cell 606-309-4662 BlackRegistered Replacement Heifers &Cattle Bulls Available Gelbvieh Embryo transplant AI sired calvesRd. Shane Wells & 10172 Provo

Rochester, KY H: 270-934-2198 C: 270-791-8196 swells@logantele.com MOCKINGBIRD HILL FARMS Registered Gelbvieh Cattle Shane Wells 10172 Provo Rd. Rochester, KY H: 270-934-2198 C: 270-791-8196 swells@logantele.com

information at 270-670-8449 JOIN KENTUCKY GELBVIEH ASSOCIATION Mail to: 690 Lick Branch Road, Glasgow, Kentucky 42141 FARM NAME

JOIN KENTUCKY GELBVIEH ASSOCIATION Mail to: 690 Lick Branch Road, Glasgow, Kentucky 42141 FARM NAME

ADRESS

PLEASANT MEADOWS FARM

May 28 - May 30 CLIFFORDFriday FARMS AGJA 3459 Eastern Junior Show “Run for the Roses” KYRegional HWY 1284E

Gary & Pat Tilghman Carrie & Daryl Derossett Family BurleyCynthiana, Fields Livestock • 709 Oil Fields Road • Horse Cave KYCenter 41031 Lindsey & Garland Gilliam Family CallSince Carrie Derossett for more information.

(270) 404-0828 1937 PLEASANT MEADOWS FARM 690 Lick Branch Road Glasgow, KY 42141 Cattle for sale & Pat Tilghman (859) 234-6956 Entry and room information available at www.gelbvieh.org • pleasantmeadowsfarm@hotmail.com at all times. Gary 270.646.7024

BRADBURY FARMS Bradbury Farms

American Gelbvieh Association Advertise today!

303-465-2333 | www.gelbvieh.org Contact Pat Tilghman for more

YOUR NAME

10AM Learning • 12:30PM Show Gelbvieh-Balancer BullsClinic & Heifers Sale McIntosh

by Privatefor Treaty CallFor William more information. (502) 867-3132

(Juniors/Regional Shows/AGJA Eastern Regional)

Meeting modern industry demands: • Added Fertility • Increased Efficiency • More pounds of calf weaned

Lindsey Tilghman Jones Family Carrie & Daryl Derossett Family 690 Lick Branch Road Glasgow, KY 42141 270.646.7024 • pleasantmeadowsfarm@hotmail.com

Gelbvieh/Balancer Gelbvieh/Balancer Females Females Tom Bradbury KY Tom Bradbury • Fisherville, Fisherville, KY (502) 817-2869 (502) 817-2869 Taylor Bradbury Taylor Bradbury BRADBURY (502) 817-4421 (502) 817-4421 Hay and Straw Available FARMS Hay and Straw Available

YOUR NAME CITY, STATE

ZIP

ADRESS EMAIL

PHONE

CITY, STATE

ZIP

Dues are $25/year, payable to Kentucky Gelbvieh Association

EMAIL

PHONE

Dues are $25/year, payable to Kentucky Gelbvieh Association

NO LIGHTWEIGHTS

Simmental calves are champions of the scale.

They reliably outperform straightbred calves in the feedyard — with better growth, better structure and fewer health problems.

They add pounds without sacrificing marbling, and they come with the IGS Feeder Profit Calculator,™ which factors genetics, health and management into true value.

Want low-risk, high-potential calves with earning capability?

STAND STRONG

SIMMENTAL 406-587-4531 • simmental.org

KEVIN AND RACHEL BARRON Crestwood, Ky (502) 905-5851 rkbarron812@gmail.com

SWAIN SELECT SIMMENTAL 12113 Green Valley Dr. Louisville, KY 40243 frederickswain@bellsouth.net facebook.com/swainselectsimmental Fred & Phyllis: 502-245-3866 502-599-4560 Chi & Angie: 502-287-2116

JUDY AND RONDAL DAWSON 1156 Buzzard Roost Road Shelbyville, KY 40065 502-593-5136 • jrdawson22@outlook.com

ROCKING P LIVESTOCK 8308 Orangeburg Road Maysville, KY 41056 Chan: 606-584-7581 Keith: 606-584-5626 rockingplivestock@maysvilleky.net

JOIN KENTUCKY SIMMENTAL ASSOCIATION Mail to: Laura Jackson 1254 Cynthiana Road Paris, KY 40361 FARM NAME

YOUR NAME

BRIAN & HEATHER SWAIN 3906 Pottertown Road Murray, KY 42071 • 270-293-4440 wksbswain@murray-ky.net SIMMENTAL AND SIMANGUS BULLS FOR SALE

ADRESS

CITY, STATE

1939 Huntertown Road Versailles, KY 40383 BULLS FOR SALE Chris Allen 859-351-4486 callenuky@hotmail.com Dr. Henry Allen 859-229-0755

ZIP

WORK PHONE

HOME PHONE

Call or visit one of these Simmental breeders for cattle that work!

BILL KAISER • Shelbyville, KY • 502.639.4337

BRET AND LAURA JACKSON 859.533.3718 or 859.707.7200

www.kysimmental.com Membership Fee is $25.00

Kentucky Hereford Association KY JUNIOR HEREFORD ASSOCIATION STATE SHOW/KHA ANNUAL MEETING JUNE 17-18, 2022 CLARK COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS

Toby & Debby Dulworth 2492 S. Kirkman Road LaCenter, KY 42056 (270) 224-2993 dogwood@brtc.net

The Dogwood Difference?

Total Performance Polled Herefords that trive on forages. www.dogwoodherefords.com

WELLS FARM Polled Herefords

439 Flatwoods Frozen Camp Rd, Corbin KY 40701 Bobby & Brenda Wells (606) 523-0569 or (606) 344-0417 wells_farm@yahoo.com Kevin, Angela, Kenlea & Kyler Murray (606) 528-1691 or (606) 682-8413

KHA OFFICERS President: Chris Schalk Secretary/ Treasurer: Earlene Thomas 859-623-5734 thomasep@roadrunner.com

NJB Limited Dale Stith

5239 Old Sardis Pike Mays Lick, KY 41055 dalestith@yahoo.com (918) 760-1550 Home of Select Sires’ Boyd Fort Knox 17yxz54040

TK4 Herefords

K3 CATTLE REGISTERED HEREFORDS 6077 Helena Road Mayslick, KY 41055 Charlie Boyd II 606-584-5194

Annual Bull Sale second Saturday in March Hereford and Angus Bulls

MPH Farms

Registered Polled Herefords PAUL L. HANCOCK 8559 KY 56 Owensboro, KY 42301 270-771-4194

Chambliss Hereford Farms Brad, Carla, Clay & Clint Chambliss

1101 Driftwood Lane Elizabethtown, KY 42701 Home (270) 982-3905 Cell (270) 668-7126 fax 270-735-9922 www.chamblissherefordfarms.com

KYLE BUSH K3CATTLE@YAHOO.COM 859-588-4531 198 HICKS PIKE CYNTHIANA, KY 41031

THOMAS FARM

Jackson Farms

Registered Polled Herefords 8103 Bill Moss Road White House, TN 37188 Home/Fax: 615-672-4483 Cell: 615-478-4483 billymjackson@aol.com “Farming the Same Land Since 1834”

Eric & Ronnie Thomas 2396 Union City Rd. Richmond, KY 40475 (859) 623-5734 Eric’s Cell (859) 314-8256

“Cattle for sale at all times”

HEREFORDS

Codee Guffey • 1815 Grassy Springs Road Versailles, Kentucky 40383 (502) 598-6355 rockridgeherefords@gmail.com www.rockridgeherefords.com

Polled Hereford and Gelbvieh Cattle 3459 KY Hwy. 1284 E. Cythiana, KY 41031

Tony & Kathy Staples 992 Knotts Road

(859) 234-6956

Brandenburg, KY 40108 (270) 422-4220 tstaples@bbtel.com

Windy Hills Farm

Registered Polled Herefords

Ben, Jane, Shelby and Lincoln

Jackie D. Perkins II 367 Mt. Pisgah Rd. Bremen, KY 42325 (270) 543-3586

Breeding to produce good cows since 1981

PILE STOCK FARM HANSELL PILE, JR.

12045 St. John Rd. Cecilia, KY 42724 270-735-5192 270-862-4462 12 miles West of Elizabethtown

WOLF FARM

WCN Polled Herefords Since 1961 Bill Norris

2220 Celina Road Burkesville, KY 42717

Phone (270) 433-7256 Cell (270) 433-1525 “Every calf needs a white face”

Registered Polled Herefords

Bulls & Females for sale

Tim & Peggy Wolf 12939 Peach Grove Road Alexandria, KY 41001 Home: 859-635-0899 Cell: 859-991-3484

BECKLEY HEREFORDS L. Wayne Beckley • 1420 Fitchburg Rd. Ravenna, KY 40472 • 606-723-3021 Cell: 859-779-0962 L.W. Beckley D.V.M 284 Pyrse Lane • Irvine, KY 40336 Cell: 859-779-1419 • Clinic: 606-726-0000

www.beckleyherefords.com

“Breeding Polled Herefords for over 58 Years” Breeding cattle for sale at all times.

1999 Walnut Hill Rd. Lexington, KY 40515 (859) 271-9086 cell (859)533-3790

WATSON LAND & CATTLE Peyton’s Well Polled Herefords The Lowell Atwood Family

133 Edgewood Drive • Stanford, KY (606) 365-2520 home/fax (606) 669-1455 cell

Victor- influenced cattle bred for performance on grass.

42 • Cow Country • June

“Black cows need a good Hereford Bull”

Danny Miller jmspolledherefords.com 270-465-6984 270-566-2694

Matt, Melinda, Harlee, & Wyatt Watson 6196 Mount Sterling Rd Flemingsburg, Kentucky melindawatson8660@gmail.com Matt - 606-748-1600 Melinda - 859-625-8660

CATTLE FOR SALE AT ALL TIMES

Tucker Stock Farms “Registered Angus and Polled Herefords”

John Tucker II 1790 Hidden Valley Lane Hudson, KY 40145 270-617-0301 “Bulls always for Sale”

LIMOUSIN

Breeders of the Bluegrass

Buck’s Tom & Limousin Farm Chris Daniel “secrets out”

Fullblood & Purebred Embryos & Semen Stephen: 270-799-8685 760 Emily Court Bowling Green, KY 42101 achhlimousin@twc.com Facebook: ACHH Limousin

CUMMINS POLLED LIMOUSIN

David & Donald P. Cummins 4312 Willow-Lenoxburg Rd. Foster, KY 41043 David: 606-747-5886 (C) 606.782.7003 cumminsd@windstream.net

5171 Camargo-Levee Rd. • Mt. Sterling, KY 40353 859-498-0030 859-585-1785 859-585-8388 “Your source of purebred homopolled/homoblack.”

G

ING T T E

S LAND & C AT T

LE

Daniel Gettings

Elbow Bend & Center Point Rd. Tompkinsville, KY 42167

(270) 487-9454 or (270) 202-7755

“Registered Limousin - LimFlex - Angus Genetics”

John Buck: (606) 474-7451 • (606) 922-8174 2494 South St. Hwy. 7, Grayson, KY. 41143 johnbuck474@windstream.net “Black & Red Purebred & Limflex for sale - private treaty” “Qualifies for CAIP”

B.F. Evans Cattle Company Byron Evans

P.O. Box 1509 599 Ray Allen Lane Versailles, KY 40383 Byron 859-509-8046 bfevanscattlecompany@gmail.com byron.evans59@yahoo.com byron.evans59@yahoo.co m

Ri c c i R o l a nD Joey & Donnie Massey 80 Sublimity School Rd. • London, KY 40744 606-682-2126 • 606-682-2125

Allen & Jon Anderson 260 Henderson Rd. Eubank, KY 42567 Allen: 606-872-8072 Jon: 606-305-8859 “Quality Limousin + LimFlex Cattle!”

WHITE LIMOUSIN & WHITE ANGUS

Donald & Mary Ann Wenzel

994 Airport Road • Falmouth, KY 41040

(859) 654-3612 • (859) 322-0752 maryawenz@aol.com

TOMORROW’S REGISTERED WHITE ANGUS TODAY!

Ricci & Brenda Roland 423 Lebus Lane Cynthiana, KY 41031 859-234-3986 • 859-234-7344 rolandlimousin@earthlink.net

Greg Blaydes 859-338-9402 James Hicks 859-227-0490 1225 E. Leestown Rd. Midway, KY 40347

OA K S F A LLING RM O R Terry W. McPhetridge • 606-843-6903 Cell: 606-524-9241 1645 Winding Blade Rd. East Bernstadt, KY 40729

Bob Minerich, 859-582-6888 2003 Barnes Mill Rd. Richmond, KY 40475 minegwen@aol.com “Cattle for sale private treaty”

FOUNDATION SALE VIII

September 17, 2022 • 1PM CST United Producers Facility • Bowling Green, KY Selling FULLBLOOD & PUREBRED LIMOUSIN Genetics • To consign or for catalog call ACH Holdings, LLC, Steven Haynes 270-799-8685

Decker Family Limousin & LimFlex Kenny & Tiffany Decker Leitchfield, KY • (270) 589-7999

BULLS - HEIFERS PROCESSED BEEF

Brad Kidd (606) 495-6396 (606) 738-9493 Paul Kidd (606) 743-7349 8254 Hwy 711 West Liberty KY 41472

CALENDAR OF EVENTS DATE

EVENT

LOCATION

AD

MAY 25

Blue Grass Stockyards Monthly Cow Sale and Stock Farm Complete Dispersal

Lexington, KY

MAY 30

White Hawk Ranch Beef Maid Female Auction

Buchanan, GA

JUNE 6

Profit Thru Performance Feeder Sale

Blue Grass Stockyards - Lexington

JUNE 18

Beef BBQ Festival

Blue Grass Stockyards - Lexington

9

JULY 15-16

44th Kentucky National Show & Sale

Bowling Green, KY

28

AUG 5

KCA Hall of Fame Applications Due

AUG 18-28

Kentucky State Fair

Louisville, KY

SEPT 25

Boyd Beef Cattle Female Sale

Mays Lick, KY

OCT 8

Pleasant Hill Farm

Rockfield, KY

OCT 8

Ponderosa Farms & Guest Angus & Red Angus Bull & Female Sale

Taylorsville, MS

OCT 15

Great Meadows Angus Association

Campbellsburg, KY

OCT 22

Lynn Creek Farm Best of the Bluegrass

Winchester, KY

OCT 24

Oak Hollow Angus Fall Bull Sale

Smiths Grove, KY

OCT 24

Stone Gate Farms

Flemingsburg, KY

OCT 30

Four Sons

Cynthiana, KY

OCT 31

Oak Hollow Fall Bull Sale

Smiths Grove, KIY

OCT 30

Cattlemen’s Preferred Sale All Breeds Bull & Commercial Female Sale

Harrison, AR

NOV 5

Brands Of Recognition Bull & Replacement Female Sale

Savannah, TN

31

5

DIAMOND J SALERS

SALERS T H E

B A L A N C E D

B R E E D

Donald Johnson • 11660 N. Hwy 1247 • Eubank, KY 42564 606-379-1558

WILLIS FARMS

Danny Willis • 964 Johnson Rd • Frankfort, KY 40601 • 502-803-5011 drwc21@aol.com • Purebred + Optimizer Breeding bulls & heifers for sale.

DEL-SU FARM

Howard & Sue Edwards • 420 Rose Rd • Somerset, KY 42501 606-679-1675 • Jeriah Privett • 606-416-1154

KNOB LICK FARM - BULLS & HEIFERS FOR SALE Larry Cox • Tina Cox-Lynch • Amanda Cox Gibson • 1315 Knob Lick Road • Irvine, KY 40336 • 606-723-3077 • 606-975-1716

44 • Cow Country • June

REGISTERED RED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE * FREE DELIVERY * FOUR WINDS FARM

New Castle, Kentucky

(502) 296-1044

AD INDEX Allison Charolais........................................8 Baumalight.............................................48 BioZyme, Inc...........................................22 Blue Grass Stockyards.................................9 Burkmann Nutrition....................................19 Coles Bend Cattle Company......................... 2

PERFORMANCE TESTED PUREBRED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE Call 270-202-7186 for more info or check out www.oakhollowangus.com for current availability.

POLLED HERFORD BULLS FOR SALE 19-20 month old Polled Hereford bulls. Good selection.

Low birthweight, medium frame. Free Delivery Available. JMS Polled Herefords, Knifley, KY Danny 270-566-2694 Trent 270-566-2000 FOUNDATION SALE VIII September 17, 2022 Selling FULLBLOOD & PUREBRED LIMOUSIN Genetics For info call: A C H Holdings, LLC Stephen Haynes 270-799-8685 RED ANGUS FOR SALE Bulls: Yearlings and 2-year-olds. Open Heifers.

Show Heifer Prospects. Contact: Johnnie Cundiff 606-3056443 or 606-871-7438 REGISTERED BLACK SIMMENTAL BULLS Many blaze faced. Excellent EPD’s. Semen Tested.

Delivery Available. Maximize your profit with proven performance. All bulls qualify for new CAIP cost-share. Adam Wheatley 502-349-2665 BREEDING AGE HEREFORD BULLS FOR SALE AT ALL TIMES Over 60 years of Line 1 Hereford Genetics. Groups of open and bred heifers available for sale at all times. Chambliss Hereford Farms. 270-668-7126 REGISTERED ANGUS BULLS Calving ease and growth. Yearlings. BW & EPD’s. Females Available. 50 Year performance testing & selection. www.bremerbrothers.com Across from Paducah, KY – Metropolis, IL 618-6387693

Esch hay tedders- in stock John Deere 6400-12 speed loader- canopy Stoltzfus -LIME -LITTER- FERTILIZER Spreader 12 Silage wagons to select from John Deere 4020 -3 to choose from Silage Feeders- @$3500 Manure spreaders- 8 instock John Deere 5325 - 2 wd drive with loader John Deere 7200- cab -16 speed Esch High speed Grain Drills- 7/10/12 ft in stock Horning Headers - ready to ship!

John Deere 3975 - base unit- $32,500 Artex SB 600 Spreader -in stock John Deere 468 - net $16,500 John Deere 566- twine $12,000 Meyer 510 TMR mixers - In STOCK Cloverdale 420-500 T -TMR mixers - in Stock Stoltzfus 10 ton Litter spreader $35,000 New Holland 790 choppers-$8500 Gehl 8335 feeder wagon $7500 Artex SB 200- vertical beater- for rental Farmco feeder wagons-5 in stock-call John Deere 6300- 4 wd- cab-12 speed-$35,000 WWW.REDBARNANDASSOCIATES.COM Charlie B. Edgington 859-608-9745 TREATED FENCE POST 4” x 7’, 8’, 10’ 5” x 8’ ,6” x 8’ Fence Boards 1x6-16’ Poplar 1x6-16’ Treated Poplar 1x6-16’ Oak Used Guardrail 13’6” Used Guardrail A.W. Graham Lumber LLC Call For Pricing 606-845-9663 Check out or Graham Good Deals www.grahamlumber.com

Gray Lane Angus....................................... 4 Hayes Trailer Sales.................................... 4 John Deere.............................................. 3 Kentucky Angus Association...................38-39 Kentucky Gelbvieh Association...................40 Kentucky Hereford Association....................42 Kentucky National Sale..............................28 Kentucky Salers Association.......................44 Kentucky Simmental Association..................41 Kuhn....................................................10 Limousin Breeders of the Bluegrass..............43 Oak Hollow...............................................5 Stone Gate Farms.......................................11 United Producers, Inc.................................15 Zoetis...............................................13

June • Cow Country • 45

Be Mindful of Heat Stress to Maintain Stocker Calf Gains Dr. Jeff Lehmkuhler University of Kentucky, Department of Animal & Food Sciences As I am writing this, bluegrass has flowered and I’ve seen fescue plants with flowers emerging. This spring has been a bit cool slowing grass growth but warmer temperatures will certainly begin to kick grass growth into high gear within the next couple of weeks. Precipitation and soil moisture continues to be a struggle in the western half the United States as shown in the Monthly Drought Outlook figure from the National Drought Monitoring website.

These continued drought conditions will continue to limit forage growth in these regions.

Forage availability is a key driver of stocker calf performance followed by forage quality.

As we move through the spring months and begin to see temperatures increase, forage growth slows. Previous research demonstrates that the photosynthesis of

46 • Cow Country • June

plants is negatively impacted by increasing temperatures. Photosynthetic rates of tall fescue can be reduced when temperatures reach 86F/77F degrees Fahrenheit, day/ night. Areas in Kentucky had eight days in May during 2021 that had daytime high temperatures of 86 or higher. Several days in June, July and August are normally going to be 86 F or warmer. These warmer temperatures slow forage growth of our perennial cool-season forages. More importantly, research has demonstrated that soil surface temperatures can have a larger effect on photosynthesis than air temperature. Close grazing or mowing exposes more soil to direct sunlight increasing soil surface temperature. Dr. Teutsch’s research with tall fescue at the Princeton Extension and Research Center demonstrated that clipping forage weekly

to 1” versus 4.5” height weekly increased plant crown sensor daily maximum temperature by 10 degrees Fahrenheit.

Close clipping led to an increase in warmseason annual forages such as crabgrass due to the temperature stress on the coolseason forage. Reducing stocking density or implementing a managed grazing system to better manage forage residual heights may help cool-season forages be more persistent.

Be mindful of feeder calves that are not shedding winter hair coats. Studies show that lower hair coat scores, better shedding, improve daily gains during the grazing season. Several factors may be involved with shedding of winter hair including fescue alkaloids, genetics, plane of nutrition, and others. Recently, researchers from the southeast reported

breed differences in hair coat scores when grazing tall fescue with Charolais-sired calves having less hair than Hereford-sired calves. Calves that don’t shed will be more susceptible to heat stress. Ensure stocker calves have access to clean water at all times.

As temperatures increase water intake will increase creating more demand on your water system. Ensure the floats and valves are in working order, that tanks are clean and not fouled with fecal contamination.

Spring- and pond-fed tanks may accumulate sediment and should be cleaned out routinely.

Shade should be available during periods of heat stress. University of Missouri research demonstrated that stocker steers grazing Kentucky 31 tall fescue gain 0.3 pounds per day more when they had access to shade compared to those that did not have shade. There has been other studies showing additional performance when cattle have shade access during periods of high temperatures. Shade can either be natural from trees or man-made using structures

with shade cloth. Shade cloth should have a minimum of 50% of light exclusion.

As forage quality and availability declines in mid-summer combined with increased temperatures, cattle performance may dip. To combat this, supplementation can increase the plane of nutrition of stockers sustaining higher performance. Strategies will be dependent on feed prices, target levels of gain, marketing windows, and other factors. A higher protein supplement, 20-28% crude protein, targeted a low rate of supplementation near 0.5% of body weight can increase protein intake to combat declining protein in the forage. If there is a need to increase supplementation rates to achieve either higher rates of gain or stretch forage, a low starch, highly digestible fiber coproduct feedstuff that is 14-16% crude protein can be utilized. Using commodity blends containing corn at 50% or less with soyhulls, distillers grains, corn gluten feed and other quality coproducts can be offered to boost energy and protein intakes of grazing cattle. Research would suggest at

T I M E L Y

T I P S

F O R

Spring Calving Herds

Fall-Calving Herds

• Cows should be on good pasture with clover and preferably low endophyte levels in fescue for the spring breeding season.

Keep pastures vegetative by clipping or making hay. They should have abundant shade and water. Our goal is to have cows become pregnant before July when temperatures and heat stress can ruin the “spring” breeding season.

• Pregnancy test cows if not done previously.

• Observe the cows and bulls as the breeding season continues. Watch bulls for injury or lameness and change bulls if a high percentage of cows are returning to heat. Record cow breeding dates to determine next year’s calving dates and keep records of cows and bulls in each breeding group.

• Select replacement heifers on the basis of:

• Keep a good pasture mineral mix, which contains adequate levels of phosphorus, vitamin A, selenium and copper, available at all times.

General

• Consider a special area for creep grazing calves, or practice “forward grazing” this summer, allowing calves to graze fresh pasture ahead of the cows. This can be accomplished by raising an electric wire or building a creep gate

• Cull cows at weaning time • Smooth-mouthed cows • Cows weaning light weight and/or poor-quality calves • Open cows • “Problem cows” with bad feet, teats, udders, etc.

• • • • •

temperament conformation weaning weight dam and sire records Select more than needed to allow for culling after a short breeding season

• Finish harvesting excess pasture as hay soon! It should be cut before it becomes too mature. Be sure and replenish your reserves. Try to put up more than you think you will need in case of a late summer drought.

• Pasture should supply adequate energy, protein and vitamins at this time. However, be prepared for drought situations.

Don’t overgraze pastures so that recovery time will be faster. Overgrazed pastures

higher feeding rates of supplements that have minimal impacts on ruminal microbes every pound of supplement fed will lower forage intake by about ½ pound. Point is that at 0.5% to 1.5% of body weight supplementation levels, forage substitution won’t be 1:1 with the supplement fed.

There are several management factors to consider for maintaining stocker gains during the summer. Take a few minutes to evaluate your current management and see if there are opportunities to adjust management to maintain or increase gains during the heat of the summer. Be sure to maintain animal health, keep internal parasites in check, utilize implants if your market allows, consider feeding an ionophore to combat coccidiosis and improve energy utilization from forages.

Best of luck this summer and the markets appear to have some optimism looking at the futures prices. Consult with your veterinarian, feed dealer, and county Extension agent for additional information.

J U N E will recover very slowly during July/August.

• Keep pastures small for rotational grazing so that nutritive quality can be maintained.

They should be small enough so cattle do not graze longer than a week. As the season progresses, you need several paddocks to give each properly stocked pasture about 4 weeks’ rest.

• Maintain a clean water supply and check it routinely. Water is extremely important in hot weather.

• Control flies. Consider changing insecticides and/or methods of control this year, because insecticide resistant flies may have developed if you have used the same chemical year after year. Consider pour-on and sprays that allow you to put cattle in the corral or through the chute with little stress on them. It will make subsequent trips through the “chute” less stressful.

• Prevent/Control pinkeye • consider vaccinating, • control flies, • clip tall, mature grass, • treat problems quickly.

• Clip grazed-over pastures for weed control and so that seed heads do not irritate eyes. Pastures should be kept in a vegetative state for best quality.

June • Cow Country • 47

BAUMALIGHT.COM Terry Bailey 573-326-0484 | tbailey@omega1w.net MANUFACTURING A VARIETY OF ATTACHMENTS INCLUDING: BRUSH MULCHERS ROTARY BRUSH CUTTERS | STUMP GRINDERS | PTO GENERATORS | AUGER DRIVES TRENCHERS | DRAINAGE PLOWS | TREE SPADES | TREE SAWS & SHEARS | BOOM MOWERS TREE PULLERS | FELLER BUNCHERS | EXCAVATOR ADAPTERS | SCREW SPLITTERS