60
/(*($ ù, 9,$ğ$
DECEMBRIE 2014
ʋ ɎɁ ɨɬ ɚɩɪɟɥɹ ɝ ɂɧɮɨɪ ɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɪɬɚɥ ©Ƚɚɪɚɧɬª 'pFODUDWLRQ GH 0 0DQXHO 9DOOV PLQLVWUH GH O¶LQWpULHXU VXU OHV PHVXUHV YLVDQW j UpIRUPHU OH SURFHVVXV G¶LQVWUXFWLRQ GHV GHPDQGHV GH QDWXUDOLVDWLRQ HW OHV FULWqUHV G¶DFFHVVLRQ j OD QDWLRQDOLWp IUDQoDLVH j 7RXORXVH OH RFWREUH >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭ ɩɚ 85/ KWWS GLVFRXUV YLH SXEOLTXH IU QRWLFHV KWPO 'pFUHW Q GX MDQYLHU DSSURXYDQW OD FKDUWH GHV GURLWV HW GHYRLUV GX FLWR\HQ IUDQoDLV SUpYXH j O DUWLFOH GX FRGH FLYLO >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ OHJLIUDQFH JRXY IU DI¿FK7H[WH GR"FLG 7H[WH -25)7(;7 IDVW3R V IDVW5HT,G FDWHJRULH/L HQ LG ROG$FWLRQ UHFK7H[WH 'HV SURFpGXUHV G¶DFFqV j OD QDWLRQDOLWp IUDQoDLVH SUpFLVpHV DUWLFOH 98( 3XEOLTXH OH >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ YLH SXEOLTXH IU IRFXV SURFHGXUHV DFFHV QDWLRQDOLWH IUDQFDLVH SUHFLVHHV KWPO /D QDWLRQDOLWp OHV FRQGLWLRQV G DFFqV j OD QDWLRQDOLWp IUDQoDLVH >ɗɥɟɤ ɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ LQIR GURLWV HWUDQJHUV RUJ LQGH[ SKS"SDJH DVLOH% 6WDDWVE UJHUVFKDIWVUHFKW LQ 'HXWVFKODQG Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɨ ɧɟɦɟɰɤɨɦ ɝɪɚɠ ɞɚɧɫɬɜɟ >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟ ɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ YYQ DXJVEXUJ GH DBMDKUHVWDJH WH[WH VWDDWVEXHUJHUVFKDIWVUHFKW SGI Ⱥ VXEVLGLDU\ RI (GXFDWLRQDO 7HVWLQJ 6HUYLFH ©*/2%$/ª $FFqV j OD QDWLRQDOLWp IUDQoDLVH OH 7HVW GH )UDQoDLV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO G¶(76 UHFRQQX SDU OH 0LQLVWqUH GH O¶,QWpULHXU >ɗɥɟɤ ɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ HWVJOREDO RUJ )U )UH 7HVWV HW SUHSDUDWLRQ /H WHVW 7), /H WHVW 7), SRXU OD QDWXUDOLVDWLRQ $FFHV D OD QDWLRQDOLWH IUDQFDLVH OH 7HVW GH )UDQFDLV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO G (76 UHFRQQX SDU OH 0LQLVWHUH GH O ,QWHULHXU 7HVW GH QDWLRQDOLWp IUDQoDLVH HQ WRXWH VLPSOLFLWp >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ WHVWGHQDWLRQDOLWH IU :HOFRPH WR *HUPDQ\±,QIRUPDWLRQ IRU ,PPLJUDQWV )HGHUDO 0LQLVWU\ RI WKH ,QWHULRU >ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɫɭɪɫ@ ± Ɋɟɠɢɦ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ 85/ KWWS ZZZ FDQDGD GLSOR GH FRQWHQWEORE 'DWHQ LQWHJUDWLRQVBFODVVHVBGRZQORDG SGI
ȾɈȽɈȼɈɊɕ ȼ ɋɎȿɊȿ ɂɇɎɈɊɆȺɐɂɈɇɇɕɏ ɈɌɇɈɒȿɇɂɃ ɈɋɈȻȿɇɇɈɋɌɂ ɋɂɋɌȿɆȺɌɂɁȺɐɂɂ ɂ ɇɈɊɆȺɌɂȼɇɈȽɈ ɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɈȼȺɇɂə Ⱥɧɚɬɨɥɢɣ ɄɈȾɂɇȿɐ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɢɟɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɢɦɟɧɢ Ɍɚɪɚɫɚ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ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¿HOG RI LQIRUPDWLRQ UHODWLRQVKLSV DUH EDVHG DV WKH JHQHUDO SURYLVLRQV RI WKH &LYLO &RGH RI 8NUDLQH DERXW WKH FLYLO ODZ FRQWUDFWV DV ZHOO DV WKH LQGLYLGXDO QRUPV RI FLYLO OHJLVODWLRQ RI WKHLU VSHFLDO UHJXODWLRQ .H\ ZRUGV FRQWUDFW LQIRUPDWLRQ UHODWLRQV UHVXOW RI LQWHOOHFWXDO DFWLYLW\ LQWHOOHFWXDO SURSHUW\ V\VWHP RI FRQWUDFWV FLYLO OHJLVODWLRQ Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ F ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɢ ɫɢ ɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɤɨ ɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ ɞɟɥɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚ ɧɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɯ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶ ɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɢɯ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨ ɪɨɜ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ
ɉ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ȼ ɭɫ ɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨ ɦɢɤɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɟɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɹ ɢɯ ɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɚ ɜɨɜɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɪɟ ɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɥɟɢɡɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɥɢɰɨ ɜɩɪɚ ɜɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɦɚ ɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɛɥɚɝɚɦɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɢɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɨɛ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɦ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪ
ɧɨɝɨ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɩɨ ɜɥɚ ɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹ ɠɟɧɢɸ ɜɟɳɶɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɢɥɨ ɭɫɥɨɠ ɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɜɨ ɩɥɨɳɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɬɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɜɨɪɰɚ ɤ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ
/(*($ ù, 9,$ğ$ Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶ ɤɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨ ɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟ ɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɬɪɭɞ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɬɜɨɪɰɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɚɥɢɡɚ ɰɢɢ ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨ ɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɟɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɡɧɚɤɨ ɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧ ɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟ ɧɢɟ Ɉɧɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪ ɦɨɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɟɥɸ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɟɦɭ ɩɪɚɜ ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɨɧɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɯ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɪɭɞɢɟɦ ɞɜɢ ɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɨɬ ɫɨɡɞɚ ɬɟɥɹ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɚɤ ɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬ ɜɟɱɚɬɶ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɨɯ ɪɚɧɵ ɩɪɚɜ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɨ ɢ ɨɩɟɪɟɠɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɨ ɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɷɬɚ ɫɮɟ ɪɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɧɟɡɵɛɥɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦɵ ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɫɭɬ ɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɟɞɢɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɬɚ ɤɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɇɨɪɦɵ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨ ɪɨɜ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɚɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɭ ɢɥɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬ ɧɨɣ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ
DECEMBRIE 2014
ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢ ɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɚ ɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɨ ɪɨɬɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪ ɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚ ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɂɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɭɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧ ɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ ɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɧɚ ɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɭɤɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɂ Ʌ Ȼɚɱɢɥɨ Ɉ Ⱥ Ƚɨ ɪɨɞɨɜɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ⱦɨɡɨɪɰɟɜɚ ȼ Ⱥ Ʉɨɩɵɥɨ ɜɚ Ⱥ Ⱥ ɉɢɞɨɩɪɢɝɨɪɵ Ⱥ ɉ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɚ ȿ ɂ ɏɚɪɢɬɨɧɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɇɚɭɱɧɵɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ ȿ ȼ Ʉɨɯɚɧɨɜ ɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɉɪɢ ɧɚ ɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɸɪɢ ɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɇɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɟ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɜ Ƚɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɦ ɤɨ ɞɟɤɫɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɞɚɥɟɟ ± ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ > @ Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɝɥ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ©Ɋɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɭɳɟ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢª ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢ ɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɥ ɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ʉ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɝɥ ©Ʉɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɫɫɢɹª ɢ ɝɥ ©ɂɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɵɬɧɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɟɯ ɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬª ɋɬ ɫɬ ± ɤɚɫɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɫɜɹ ɡɢ ɫ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɚ ɱ ɫɬ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢ ɧɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɇɨɪɦɵ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚ ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɢ ɫɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ
61
ɱɚɫɬɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɚɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɭ ɢɥɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɟɝɥɚ ɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜɨɡɧɢ ɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɵ ɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɦɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥ ɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢ ɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɛ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɚɯ ɧɚ ɦɟ ɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɥɟɤɥɚ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɤ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟ ɧɢɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥ ɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɛɵɜɚɸɬ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪ > ɫ ± @ ɋɪɟɞɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟ ɞɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɞɟɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɩɢɫɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɤɚɡɚ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨ ɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɤɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɚ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲ ɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ > F F ± @ Ʉ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɨɬ ɧɨɫɹɬ ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɞɟɩɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɩɢɫɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱ ɧɵɣ ɢ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɫɨɡ ɞɚɧɢɢ ɚɭɞɢɨɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɟ ɢɫɤɥɸ ɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ
62
/(*($ ù, 9,$ğ$
DECEMBRIE 2014
ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɛ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɱɟɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɛ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ > F ± @ ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɱɬɨ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɞɜɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɤ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɚɦ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧ ɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɧɨɭ ɯɚɭ > @ ɇɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɯ ɪɚɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚ ɬɟɥɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɜ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɝɥ ɢ ɤɧɢɝɟ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ± ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶ ɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɨ ɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ȽɄ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɜ ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɫɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɍɤɪɚ ɢɧɵ ©Ɉɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɢ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɚɯª > @ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɥɢɰɚɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɨ ɩɟɪɟ ɞɚɱɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɨɫ ɧɨɜɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɧɟɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɋɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢ ɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɜɢɞ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɡɚɤɚɡɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɨɛɹɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨ ɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɱɢɤɭ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ©Ɉɛ ɨɯɪɚɧɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢª ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɚ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɩɪɚ ɜɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ
ɥɟɡɧɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɸ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɢɡɨ ɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɢ ɥɢɰɟɧ ɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢ ɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɜ ɩɢɫɶ ɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɜ ɫɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɩɟɪɟ ɱɟɧɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉ ɧɢɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢɧ ɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɰɟɧ ɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɬɧɨ ɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚ ɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɵɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟ ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢ ɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɜɟɳɶ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɢ ɬɨɬ ɫɚ ɦɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢ ɦɨ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɥɢɰɚɦ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɟɦ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟ ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɉɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨ ɫɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɧɨ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɚ ɜɨɦ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɜɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɨɥɧɭɸ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɭ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɩɪɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɨɞɟɪ ɠɚɧɢɹ ɮɨɪɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɦɨɱɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ
ɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɫɚ ɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɜɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɥɢɰɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɬɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɟɪɟ ɞɚɱɟ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜ ɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɰɢɜɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɟ ɢ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ȼ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɫɭɬ ɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɡɚɦɵɫɥɭ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬ ɱɢɤɨɜ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɝɥ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧ ɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɦɵɲ ɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɨɫ ɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟ ɧɢɸ ɩɪɚɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚ ɬɨɜ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ©ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵª ɢ ©ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢª ɧɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɬɢɩ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɥɸ ɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ
/(*($ ù, 9,$ğ$ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɚ ɧɟ ɨɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɂɧɚɱɟ ɫɭɳɟ ɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɛɵ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɟɞɜɢɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶ ɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɭɩɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ± ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɤɭɩɥɢ ɩɪɨ ɞɚɠɢ ɧɟɞɜɢɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɭɩɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɬ ɩ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɚɬɟ ɝɨɪɢɢ ©ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵª ɢ ©ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢª ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɥɢɲɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɛɭɞɭɳɭɸ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɴ ɟɤɬɚ ɢ ɫɚɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɦɢ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟ ɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɭ ɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɶ ɫɢ ɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤ ɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɱɢɬɚɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɡ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɝɪɭɩ ɩɵ ȼɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɷɬɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚɩɪɚɜ ɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɬɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɜɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɭɱɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɵɬɧɨ ɤɨɧ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɚ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥ ɧɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
DECEMBRIE 2014
ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɨɛ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɹɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤ ɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɤɚɡɱɢɤɨɦ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɫɦɟ ɲɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ± ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ ɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɫ ɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɬɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢ ɨɧɧɵɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɨ ɩɟɪɟ ɞɚɱɟ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ʌɢɰɟɧɡɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɫɤɥɸ ɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɢ Ʌɢɰɟɧɡɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɟɱɶ ɢɞɟɬ ɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɫɫɢɢ ɮɪɚɧɱɚɣɡɢɧɝɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɥɚɜɟ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɝɥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɵ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɬɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹ ɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɋɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨ ɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɦɢ ɢ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɨ ɫɨɚɜɬɨɪɫɬɜɟ ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɟɞɢ ɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɞɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɫɨɡ ɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧ ɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɂɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɨɡɜɨ ɥɹɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɉɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɯɚ ɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ
63
ɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨ ɬɟ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɴ ɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶ ɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɢɧ ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɇɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢ ɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɯ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤ ɬɟɪɧɵ ɪɹɞ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚ ɸɳɢɟ ɢɯ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜɵɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟ ɨɛɴ ɟɤɬɨɜ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɫɩɨ ɫɨɛɚɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɫɬɚ ɥɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɦɚɬɟɪɢ ɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɝɥɚɜɟ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɇɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɜ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟ ɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹ ɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɧɭɸ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɭ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɬɜɨɪ ɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɥ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɨɜ ɤɭɩɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ ɧɚɣɦɚ ɚɪɟɧɞɵ ɢ ɞɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɟɳɟɣ ɧɨ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɢɦɭɳɟ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨ ɜɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ȽɄ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɞɟɥɨɤ ɉɨɞɜɨɞɹ ɢɬɨɝ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɨ ɧɟ ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɍɤɪɚ ɢɧɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ ɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɟɥɵ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɫɭɬ ɫɬɜɢɟ ɟɞɢɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɯɪɚ ɧɵ Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ
64
/(*($ ù, 9,$ğ$
DECEMBRIE 2014
ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬ ɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɚ ɞɢɰɢɣ ɧɨɪɦɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɵ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ
ɋɈȼɊȿɆȿɇɇɕȿ ɌȿɏɇɈɅɈȽɂɂ ɉɊɂ ɈɐȿɇɄȿ ɑȿɅɈȼȿɑȿɋɄɂɏ ɊȿɋɍɊɋɈȼ ɇȺ ɉɍȻɅɂɑɇɈɃ ɋɅɍɀȻȿ ȼ ɍɄɊȺɂɇȿ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚ ɬɭɪɵ
Ɉɥɶɝɚ ɄɍɄɒɂɇȺ ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɉɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ
ɐɢɜɿɥɶɧɢɣ ɤɨɞɟɤɫ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɜɿɞ ɫɿɱɧɹ ɪ ȼɿɞɨɦɨɫɬɿ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨʀ Ɋɚɞɢ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ± ± ʋ ± ± ɋɬ ɐɢɜɿɥɶɧɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɿɱɧɢɣ ɤɭɪɫ >ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ@ ɭ ɬ ɡɚ ɡɚɝ ɪɟɞ ə Ɇ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ ± ɝɟ ɜɢɞ ɞɨɩ ɿ ɩɟɪɟɪɨɛ ± Ʉ ȼɢɞɚɜɧɢɱɢɣ Ⱦɿɦ ©ȱɧ ɘɪɟª ± Ɍ Ɉɫɨɛɥɢɜɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɧɚ ± ± ɋ ± Ɇɟɥɶɧɢɤ Ɉ Ɇ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɨɯɨ ɪɨɧɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɫɭɛ¶ɽɤɬɿɜ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ Ɉ Ɇ Ɇɟɥɶɧɢɤ ± ɏɚɪɤɿɜ ± & ± ɉɪɚɜɨ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɫɬɿ >ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɿɜ ɜɢɳɢɯ ɧɚɜɱ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɿɜ@ ɡɚ ɪɟɞ Ɉ Ⱥ ɉɿɞɨɩɪɢɝɨɪɢ Ɉ Ⱦ ɋɜɹɬɨɰɶɤɨɝɨ ± ɝɟ ɜɢɞ ± Ʉ ȼɢɞɚɜɧɢɱɢɣ Ⱦɿɦ ©ȱɧ ɘɪɟª ± & ± ɐɢɜɿɥɶɧɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ >ɩɿɞɪɭɱɧɢɤ@ ɭ ɤɧ >Ɉ ȼ Ⱦɡɟɪɚ Ⱦ ȼ Ȼɨɛɪɨɜɚ Ⱥ ɋ Ⱦɨɜɝɟɪɬ ɬɚ ɿɧ @ ɡɚ ɪɟɞ Ɉ ȼ Ⱦɡɟɪɢ ɇ ɋ Ʉɭɡɧɽɰɨɜɨʀ ± Ʉ ɘɪɿɧɤɨɦ ȱɧɬɟɪ ± Ʉɧ ± ± ɋ ± Ʉɪɢɠɧɚ ȼ Ɇ Ʌɿɰɟɧɡɿɣɧɢɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɿɪ ± ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɩɚ ɬɟɧɬɧɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɞɢɫ « ɤɚɧɞ ɸɪɢɞ ɧɚɭɤ ɫɩɟɰ ȼ Ɇ Ʉɪɢɠɧɚ ±ɏɚɪɤɿɜ Ɋɭɤɨɩɢɫ ± ɫ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ©ɉɪɨ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɶ ɤɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɿ ɫɭɦɿɠɧɿ ɩɪɚɜɚª ɜ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɿʀ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɜɿɞ ɥɢɩɧɹ ɪ ȼɿɞɨɦɨɫɬɿ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨʀ Ɋɚɞɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ©ɉɪɨ ɨɯɨɪɨɧɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɜɢɧɚɯɨɞɢ ɿ ɤɨɪɢɫɧɿ ɦɨɞɟɥɿª ȼɿɞɨɦɨɫɬɿ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨʀ Ɋɚɞɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ ± ɍ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɿʀ Ɂɚɤɨɧɭ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɜɿɞ ɱɟɪɜɧɹ ɪ ȼɿɞɨɦɨɫɬɿ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɨʀ Ɋɚɞɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ
6XPPDU\ 7KH DUWLFOH LV GHYRWHG WR HYDOXDWLRQ RI KXPDQ UHVRXUFHV LQ WKH VWDWH ERGLHV RI 8NUDLQH 7KH DUWLFOH H[SODLQV WKH GH¿QLWLRQ RI ³DVVHVVPHQW RI KXPDQ UHVRXUFHV´ SUHVHQWHG LWV PDLQ REMHFWLYHV ,Q WKLV SDSHU LGHQWL¿HV WKH PDLQ QDWLRQDO OHJDO UHTXLUHPHQWV LQ WKLV DUHD PDGH DQ DQDO\VLV RI WKH PDLQ PHWKRGRORJLFDO DSSURDFKHV WR WKH DVVHVVPHQW RI SURIHVVLRQDO TXDOL¿FDWLRQV RI FLYLO VHUYDQWV DV ZHOO DV LGHQWLI\ LWV PDLQ VWDJHV 7KH DXWKRU SUHVHQWV FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH PRVW FRPPRQ PHWKRGV RI DVVHVVPHQW LQ 8NUDLQLDQ SUDFWLFH LW LV SURSRVHG WKH XVH RI PRGHUQ VRIWZDUH WRROV WR LPSURYH WKH OHYHO RI HI¿FLHQF\ HYDOXDWLRQ RI KXPDQ UHVRXUFHV VWDWH VHUYLFH RI 8NUDLQH .H\ ZRUGV HYDOXDWLRQ RI KXPDQ UHVRXUFHV PHWKRGV WHFKQLTXHV SHUVRQQHO HYDOXDWLRQ FHUWL¿FDWLRQ WHFKQRORJ\ Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ Ɋɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪ ɫɨɜª ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɰɢɨ ɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚ ɧɢɣ ɤ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ Ⱥɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɭɤɪɚɢɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚ ɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟ ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɜ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ ɚɬɬɟɫɬɚɰɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɉ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɉɭ ɛɥɢɱɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɧ ɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɬɨɹɬ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɨɣ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɮɟ ɪɚɯ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɗɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ ɤɨɦɩɟ ɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɤɬɢɜ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɢɡɦɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟ ɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬ Ʉɨɞɟɤɫɚ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚ ɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɨɬ ɝ ©ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ± ɞɟɹ ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɢɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɞɟɣ ɩɪɨɤɭɪɨɪɨɜ ɜɨ ɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɚɥɶɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɧɟɜɨ ɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɥɭɠ ɛɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɯ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɣ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ʉɪɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɯ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹª
Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸ ɳɢɯ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɚɞɦɢɧɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɵ ɜ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɯ ɪɚɡ ɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦɵ Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɚ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɭɤɪɚ ɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɬɢɤɟ ɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɥɭɠ ɛɵ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɤɚɤ Ƚ Ⱥɬɚɦɚɧɱɭɤ ɋ Ⱦɭɛɟɧɤɨ ȼ Ʉɨɥɩɚɤɨɜ & ɋɟɪɟɝɢɧ ȼ ɐɜɟɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ ȼ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ȼ ȼɨɪɨɧɤɨ ɜɚ ɇ Ƚɨɧɱɚɪɭɤ Ɉ Ʉɪɭɲɟɥɶɧɢɰɤɚɹ Ʌ ɉɚɲɤɨ ɇ Ɍɟɪɟɳɟɧɤɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɤɨ ɦɟɬɨ ɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɟ ɧɵ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɬɚɤɢɦɢ ɢɫɫɥɟ ɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɤɚɤ ɉ Ȼɢɡɸɤɨɜ Ƚ ȿɠɨɜ