Portuguese World Heritage Network - Sites by Comissão Nacional da UNESCO

CONTACTS ZONA CENTRAL DA CIDADE DE ANGRA DO HEROÍSMO

SITÍOS PRÉ-HISTÓRICOS DE ARTE RUPESTRE DO VALE DO RIO CÔA E DE SIEGA VERDE

MOSTEIRO DOS JERÓNIMOS E TORRE DE BELÉM EM LISBOA

FLORESTA LAURISSILVA NA MADEIRA

Ph.: (351) 295 403 000 E-mail: drac.info@azores.gov.pt Website: www.culturacores.azores.gov.pt

Ph.: (351) 21 362 00 34 E-mail: geral@mjeronimos.dgpc.pt Website: www.mosteirojeronimos.pt Tel.: (351) 21 362 00 34 E-mail: geral@mjeronimos.dgpc.pt Website: www.torrebelem.pt

MOSTEIRO DA BATALHA

Ph.: (351) 244 765 497 E-mail: diretor@mbatalha.dgpc.pt Website: www.mosteirobatalha.pt

CONVENTO DE CRISTO EM TOMAR

Ph.: (351) 249 315 089 E-mail: geral@ccristo.dgpc.pt Website: www.conventocristo.pt www.facebook.com/ConventodeCristoTomar

CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE ÉVORA Ph.: (351) 266 777 000 E-mail: cmevora@cm-evora.pt Website: www.cm-evora.pt

MOSTEIRO DE ALCOBAÇA

Ph.: (351) 262 505 120 E-mail: geral@malcobaca.dgpc.pt Website: mosteiroalcobaca.pt

PAISAGEM CULTURAL DE SINTRA Ph.: (351) 219 237 300 E-mail: info@parquesdesintra.pt Website:www.parquesdesintra.pt

CENTRO HISTÓRICO DO PORTO Ph.: (351) 222 097 000 E-mail: dmrip@cm-porto.pt Website: www.cm-porto.pt

Ph.: (351) 279 768 260 E-mail: museugeral@arte-coa.pt Website: www.arte-coa.pt

Ph.: (351) 291 740 060/40 E-mail: ifcn@madeira.gov.pt Website: www.ifcn.pt

CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE GUIMARÃES Ph.: (351) 253 421 200 E-mail: geral@cm-guimaraes.pt Website: www.cm-guimaraes.pt

ALTO DOURO VINHATEIRO

Ph.: (351) 259 302 550 E-mail: gtmd@ccdr-n.pt Website: www.ccdr-n.pt/servicos/missao-douro

PAISAGEM DA CULTURA DA VINHA DA ILHA DO PICO Ph.: (351) 292 207 375 E-mail: parque.natural.pico@azores.gov.pt Website: parquesnaturais.azores.gov.pt/pt/pico

CIDADE-QUARTEL FRONTEIRIÇA DE ELVAS E SUAS FORTIFICAÇÕES

Ph.: (351) 268 639 740 E-mail: turismo@cm-elvas.pt Website: www.cm-elvas.pt | www.fortedagraca.com

UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA ALTA E SOFIA Ph.: (351) 239 857 095 E-mail: ruas@uc.pt Website: www.uc.pt/ruas

CONTACTS http://www.rpmp.pt e-mail: info.rpmp@gmail.com facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ rededopatrimoniomundialdeportugal

HISTORIC CENTRE OF GUIMARÃES

ALTO DOURO WINE REGION

HISTORIC CENTRE OF OPORTO

PREHISTORIC ROCK ART SITES IN THE CÔA VALLEY AND SIEGA VERDE

UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA. ALTA AND SOFIA

AÇORES CENTRAL ZONE OF THE TOWN OF ANGRA DO HEROÍSMO

LANSCAPE OF THE PICO ISLAND VINEYARD CULTURE

MONASTERY OF BATALHA MONASTERY OF ALCOBAÇA

MONASTERY OF HIERONYMITES AND TOWER OF BELÉM IN LISBON CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF SINTRA

MADEIRA

LAURISSILVA OF MADEIRA

CONVENT OF CHRIST IN TOMAR GARRISON BORDER TOWN OF ELVAS AND ITS FORTIFICATIONS

HISTORIC CENTRE OF ÉVORA

Criteria for the assessment of Outstanding Universal Value The Committee considers a property as having Outstanding Universal Value if the property meets one or more of the following criteria. Nominated properties shall therefore: (i) represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; (ii) exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, townplanning or landscape design; (iii) bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; (iv) be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; (v) be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, landuse, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; (vi) be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria);

(vii) contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; (viii) be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth’s history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; (ix) be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; (x) contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of Outstanding Universal Value from the point of view of science or conservation. To be deemed of Outstanding Universal Value, a property must also meet the conditions of integrity and/or authenticity and must have an adequate protection and management system to ensure its safeguarding.

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INTRODUCTION In this Edition, the Portuguese World Heritage Network, constituted by representatives of the managers of Portuguese Sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, aims at contributing to the dissemination of the 15 Sites in Portugal whose Outstanding Universal values was recognised by UNESCO, namely: Central Zone of Town of Angra of Heroísmo, Monastery of Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon, Monastery of Batalha, Convent of Christ in Tomar, Historic Centre of Évora, Monastery of Alcobaça, Cultural Landscape of Sintra, Historic Centre of Oporto, Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde, Laurisilva of Madeira, Historic Centre of Guimarães, Alto Douro Wine Region, Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture, Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications and the University of Coimbra - Alta and Sofia. The shared belonging to the World Heritage List, with its responsibilities, challenges and opportunities, encouraged the 15 representatives of the managers of Portuguese Sites to conclude in July 2014, among them and with the National 1

Commission for UNESCO1, a Cooperation Agreement for the Creation of the Portuguese World Heritage Network. The Portugal World Heritage Network aims at promoting the rapprochement between World Heritage Sites, notably through the debate of ideas on heritage management and rehabilitation, exchange of knowledge and discussion of matters of mutual interest, as well as the joint participation in projects and initiatives that generate value for the concerned regions and that disseminate World Heritage in Portugal and in the World. It is in this spirit that we present the World Heritage Sites in Portugal, hoping to motivate readers to visit them and achieve a better knowledge of their Universal Value and of the qualities that make each one unique. Ana Martinho Presidente da CNU 1

1 The UNESCO National Commission (UNC) in Portugal was established in 1979 and operates under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The UNC develops activities in four UNESCOâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mandate areas - education, science, culture and communication - and in the thematic areas of this Organization, spreading and boosting in Portugal the policies and programs approved within the UNESCO, in collaboration with other governmental entities and the different active groups in society. The UNC coordinates applications to World Cultural and Natural Heritage List, UNESCO accompanies promotion of Portuguese classified assets and assets classified of Portuguese origin abroad and ensures so that the responsible entities comply with the rules conservation and integrity of the goods national territory.

Secretaria Regional da Educação e Cultura Direção Regional da Cultura Palacete Silveira e Paulo Rua da Conceição 9700-054 Angra do Heroísmo – Terceira – Açores Ph.: (351) 295 403 000 E-mail: drac.info@azores.gov.pt Website: www.culturacores.azores.gov.pt

Data de inscrição: 1983 Critérios: [IV][VI]

ANGRA – A TRANSATLANTIC CITY © Regional Directorate for Culture

The cultural site inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in December 1983 as Central Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroísmo in the Azores extends for about six square metres across the south of Terceira Island in the Azores Archipelago. While half of this area includes a significant portion of the old centre of the town of Angra do Heroísmo, the other half comprises the extinguished volcano of Monte Brasil, currently the town’s forest and recreation park, still preserving vestiges of its original vegetation.

Noteworthy, particularly for Europeans accustomed to the antiquity of the old continent, is that this is not an ancient town, not even a medieval town, its status as an Atlantic community being only perceived in the light of Central and South America and the Portuguese routes through the Indian ocean. 4

São Filipe/São João Baptista to the west) that kept intruders away only make sense when seen in the light of Cartagena of the Indies, Havana, Salvador da Bahia, Mozambique Island, Goa or Malacca and what these places actually mean. CONTEMPORARY GLOBALIZATION Angra’s houses, with their louver windows, prominent eaves and long balconies remind us of any small town in Brazil or Spanish speaking South America, combined with a Portuguese background from Oporto or Estremadura. A meeting point of Portuguese and Spanish overseas routes, Angra do Heroísmo is the only place on earth where material and cultural testimonies of both Iberian empires come together, being the true founders of contemporary globalization.

Along centuries, large shipments of spices, fabrics and other goods from the Orient crossed the Atlantic, while fabulous supplies of silver and gold from the New World made their way fleeing from storms, pirates and enemy vessels. For almost three centuries, Angra was a port of call for ships returning from the Iberian Peninsula and from Europe. The rapid growth of the town and the establishment of an Army Ombudsman (Provedoria das Armadas) bear witness to its sentinel role ensuring water supply and protection whenever necessary. The forty small forts system that bordered the coasts of Terceira and the two fortresses (São Sebastião to the east and

PROTECTRESS SENTINEL

Mosteiro dos Jerónimos Praça do Império 1400-206 Lisboa

Torre de Belém Av. Brasília 1400-038 Lisboa

Ph.: (351) 21 362 00 34 Ph.: (351) 21 362 00 34 E-mail: geral@mjeronimos.dgpc.pt E-mail: geral@mjeronimos.dgpc.pt Website: www.mosteirojeronimos.pt Website: www.torrebelem.pt Date of Inscription: 1983 Criteria: [III][ VI]

THE MONASTERY OF JERÓNIMOS AND BELEM TOWER MILESTONES OF THE UNIVERSAL IDENTITY OF PORTUGAL

Data de inscrição: 1983 Critérios: [III][ VI]

On the beach of Restelo King Manuel I ordered in 1501 the construction of the Monastery of Santa Maria de Belém, given to the Order of St. Jerome and, at 1514, in the narrowest part of the Tagus river and surrounded by water, the Belem Tower. These two pillars forever marked this territory as the expression of spiritual power and earthly power of a King facing a new multicontinental horizon.

The epic saga of the Portuguese discoveries, which began in 15th century, brought to the world new perspectives on the relationships between men through a better understanding of our planet, the humanist movement and on the relations at a world scale. Lisbon, in the Age of Discovery, saw grow its importance as a cosmopolitan city, becoming a point of confluence of cultures, people and knowledge and its port an obligatory stop for sailing in international trade routes. 6

MONASTERY OF JERÓNIMOS At the site where Henry the Navigator in the mid of 15th century had built a hermitage under the invocation of Sta. Maria de Belém, King Manuel I built a large monastery to provide religious support to navigators and sailors and to shelter his grave. Founded in 1496, at the bank of Tagus river, was donated to the monks of the Order of St. Jerome. Nowadays is admired as an original and remarkable work of the 16th century Portuguese architecture and as a major icon of the Portuguese culture and identity. BELÉM TOWER At the 15th century protecting the city of Lisbon was an imperative necessity. King John II created an innovative maritime defense system - the bulwark of Cascais, the fortress of S. Sebastião da Caparica, on the south bank of the Tagus, and a third fortress, the Tower of Belém, built between 1514 and 1519 by his successor King Manuel I. It was constructed by the architect Francisco de Arruda. The crossed fire between the two banks of the river should prevent the entrance of enemy ships It is an eloquent testimony of military architecture of transition between the old defenses of the Middle Ages and the “modern” of the Renaissance. Combine the originality of a recessed watch tower with a modern advanced and well armed bulwark. The Belém Tower should be the magnificent sentinel of the capital of the empire. King Manuel I, absolute king of a powerful and rich empire, asserted on it the marks of his power and heraldry - the royal arms, the armillary sphere and the cross of the Order of Christ.

Direção-Geral do Património Cultural / DGPC Largo Infante D. Henrique 2440-109 Batalha - PORTUGAL Ph.: (351) 244 765 497 E-mail: diretor@mbatalha.dgpc.pt Website: www.mosteirobatalha.pt

The Monastery of Our Lady of Victory, commonly known as Monastery of Batalha, registered on UNESCO world Heritage list since 1983, was built to fulfill the promise made by the king João I, to Our Lady, on the eve of the Battle of Aljubarrota, on 14th August 1385, in case of winning the combat against the Castilian. It is the maximum exponent of Gothic Style in Portugal and has the oldest stain glass windows discovered in our country till today and made by German craftsmen. The Manueline Style started in this monument, filling the arches of the Royal Cloister and with the construction of the monumental arch of the Unfinished Chapels, works of the Architect Mateus Fernandes. In this monastic space, lived the Dominican Friars till 1834. It was a mendicant order, whose daily life was fully dedicated to constant prayer, study and preaching. In the 16th century was, even, established a University of Theological Studies. © Photographic Archive (DGPC/ADF)

INTRODUCTION

Date of Inscription: 1983 Criteria: [I][II]

THE ROYAL PANTHEONS – POWER AND MEMORY King João I decided to build his own pantheon here, for him and for his descendents, ordering its construction to Architect Huguet. Today, in the Founder’s Chapel, attached to the Church, rests most of His Outstanding Generation – King João I and his wife Filipa de Lencastre, and four of their sons: Pedro, João Fernando and Henrique (Henry the Navigator). At the end of the 19th century were also transferred to this chapel the remains of king Afonso V and King João II. The Unfinished Chapels, known by this name because they were never finished, were built to be the pantheon of King Duarte. After several attempts of finishing the space, during several reigns, they remain without a roof and have elements of gothic, manueline and renaissance style.

THE ROYAL CLOISTER AND THE CHAPTER ROOM The Cloister of King João I, also called Royal Cloister was the only cloister that the initial plan of the Architect Afonso Domingues had. Of gothic flamboyant style, with small parts of Manueline, we can emphasize the harmony and the greatness of the space, corresponding this way to the King’s will to represent all his power. The Chapter Room, initiated by the Architect Afonso Domingues and finished by the Architect Huguet, remains as a real and impressive technical challenge for that time and it was built without a single pillar at the middle. Since 1921, it houses two Unknown Soldiers from the First World War, with permanent Guard of Honor, during the day.

Convento de Cristo 2300-000 Tomar Portugal Ph.: (351) 249 315 089 E-mail: geral@ccristo.dgpc.pt Website: www.conventocristo.pt www.facebook.com/ConventodeCristoTomar

Date of Inscription: 1983 Criteria: [I][VI]

THE SITE

THE HERITAGE

The historical landscape of Tomar, with its vineyards, olive and wheat fields, still reminds the Templar settlement action in this territory, by the beginning of the Portuguese kingdom. The singularity of the place is invoked by the Seven Mounts, a group of small hills that give a particular charisma, chosen by the knights, perhaps in memoir to the city where their order was born: Jerusalem. In one of this elevations they founded, in 1160, the castle and city of Tomar.

The Convent of Christ is the main house of the Military Order of Christ, successor of the Portuguese Templars. While the Temple extinction process occurred, in 1314, King Denis managed to maintain the knights under the name of a new order of chivalry, bounded to his kingdom. The legacy left in Tomar, by these two orders, is the vast monumental ensemble, composed by the Templar Castle and the convent for the contemplative monks of

HISTORY The monumental complex includes seven centuries of Portuguese history. The convent expands the Templar castle toward west, linking the Portuguese founding era to the maritime discoveries centuries. In this time the Knights of Christ, under the direction of Henry the Navigator, became sailors and settlers of Portuguese overseas lands. The monumental set, also testifies the period of Iberian Union with King Philip II of Spain, from 1580, as well as the Restoration of independence in 1640. After the male religious orders abolishment, occurred in Portugal by 1834, queen Maria II decided to maintain the Order of Christ as an honorific order, and the monarch as its Grand Master. Even today, the Portuguese Republic maintains this tradition in which the President is the Grand Master.

the Order of Christ, built by the Renaissance time, the Seven Hills’ forest, the chapel of the Immaculate Conception and an aqueduct with 6 kilometers in length.

Câmara Municipal de Évora Praça do Sertório 7004-506, Évora Ph.: (351) 266 777 000 E-mail: cmevora@cm-evora.pt Website: www.cm-evora.pt

Date of Inscription: 1986 Criteria: [II][IV]

ÉVORA, MULTICULTURAL CITY

A SCHOLAR CHARACTER

Many cultures had successively passed through Portugal, always reaching the important city of Évora. It was conquered by the Romans, the Visigods and the Muslims, having been object of reconstruction and adaptation of its urban tissue. Of the long Muslim domain – from the 8th to the 12th century - many vestiges remain, over all in the urban fabric and the typology of the constructions that seize the street and opens for patios and interior gardens.

The royal residence - almost always present and the University are the factors that had had more influence in erudite profile that the city reveals. It is truly a city of the Renaissance, with its palaces, its convents and its churches dated from the 16th century, that still today preserve a unique character that the baroque style did not destroy.

THE ÉVORA IMPORTANCE

Although all of this erudition, its architecture is impregnated of a local environment, very spontaneous in certain details that disclose a remarkable popular persistence. The majestical Cathedral, the Roman Temple and the medieval labyrinth of small streets limited by palaces and noble houses, testify that Évora was the second city of Portugal, in respect to its artistic, cultural and administrative importance, following Lisbon, the capital of the country. The erudite and popular mixture, with traces of the unexpected, gives freshness and ingenuity to Évora that proves its great connection to the earth. The contrast of the granite with the limestone represents a clear-cut side of the architecture of Évora and, on the other hand, the solutions of vaults and arcs are in great volume and variety. It must me said that Évora owes greatly to the brothers Arruda in terms of erudite architecture. The city has a historical centre well delimited by two lines of walls that follow the historical transformation of the city, that without a doubt is noticed in the same way that its constructions, whether religious or civilian. 13

Direção-Geral do Património Cultural / DGPC Praça 25 de Abril 2460-Alcobaça - PORTUGAL Ph.: (351) 262 505 120 E-mail: geral@malcobaca.dgpc.pt Website: mosteiroalcobaca.pt

Date of Inscription: 1989 Criteria: [I][IV]

THE INSCRIPTION

The Monastery of Alcobaça was registered on the World Heritage List, by UNESCO in 1989, to represent a masterpiece of the Cistercian art and architecture, translating the spirituality and aesthetic of the first periods of the Order, as well as the tombs of King D.Pedro I and D. Inês de Castro , examples of the best European funerary sculptures (criteria I), a remarkable example of an extraordinary Cistercian building, preserving the most part of medieval regular places intact ( Church, Cloister and lavatory, sacristy , the Chapter room , Parlour , the monks ‘ room, refectory and monks’ dormitory), the ingenious hydraulic system in the old monastic fence and the most part of the previous constructions, where we highline the famous kitchen build in XVIII century , in the old space of the ancient calefactory (criteria IV).

THE MONASTERY IN CONTEMPORARY CISTERCIAN WORLD

Found in 1153 by the first king of Portugal, D. Afonso I, and ultimate foundation of the Cister Order in life of St Bernard of Claraval, the Monastery of Hole Mary of Alcobaça was built among the XII e XIV centuries, having experienced significant architectural enhancements in the following centuries (that remains the ancient Abbey Palace and Guest-House, Cardinal Cloister e Cloister of the Rachadoiro, new Sacristy, Chapel –Reliquary e Chapel of Exile) especially after the formation of the autonomous Congregation of Portugal (1567), when Alcobaça becomes the head of the Portuguese Cistercian monasteries.

Associate member of the European Charter of Abbeys and Sites Cistercians (Cultural Route of the Council of Europe), the Monastery of Alcobaça is one of five Cistercian monuments registered on the World Heritage List, constituting one of the largest and best preserved architectural legacy of the Order of Cistercians. Its extraordinary church whose plant replicates the missing Church of Clairvaux Abbey, mother house, was the third largest to be built by the Order and is now the second largest subsisting. Visit it is an unparalleled aesthetic experience as one of the most beautiful and outstanding creations of the Cistercian architecture in all of Europe.

HISTORY

Parques de Sintra – Monte da Lua, S.A., Parque de Monserrate 2710-405 Sintra Ph.: (351) 219 237 300 E-mail: info@parquesdesintra.pt Website: www.parquesdesintra.pt

Date of Inscription: 1995 Criteria: [II][IV][V]

FIRST EUROPEAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPE

In 1995, Sintra became the very first European site listed by UNESCO as a Cultural Landscape. Located in granite hills, less than thirty minutes travel from Lisbon, this landscape covers around 960 hectares and contains a unique microclimate; the reason that, ever since its occupation by the Moors, this region has been sought out by royalty and aristocrats for their summer homes and correspondingly building palaces and planting gardens and forests of countless value. This same landscape gained recognition from the World Heritage Committee not only as representing a pioneering approach to the Romantic landscape and a precursor of the interpretations of this new style of thinking in other parts of Europe but also as a unique example of a location that has preserved its fundamental integrity and where there remains significant evidence of the successive cultures occupying the region. 16

HERITAGE MANAGEMENT © Monserrate-creditos_PSML-EMIGUS

In order to guarantee the cohesive supervision of this heritage, in 2000 the entirely state owned company, Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua S.A. (PSML), was founded. PSML manages around 45% of the World Heritage Site, which includes the Parks of Pena and Monserrate, two of the most outstanding botanical parks in Portugal, and remarkable buildings such as the Palaces of Pena and Monserrate, the Moorish Castle, the Convent of the Capuchos and the Chalet and Garden of the Countess of Edla. Since September 2012 PSML is also responsible for the management of the National Palace of Sintra and Queluz as well as the Portuguese School of Equestrian Art, headquartered in Queluz. PSML’s shareholders are the General Directorate of the Treasury and Finance (representing the Portuguese state), the Portuguese Institute of Nature and Forestry Conservation, the Portuguese Tourism Board and Sintra Municipal Council. The entity does not resort to the State Budget and the restoration and maintenance of the heritage

in its care are ensured by the revenues resulting from sales at its ticket offices, stores, cafeterias and the rental of facilities for the hosting of events. WORLD TRAVEL AWARD

In 2013, 2014 and 2015, PSML was distinguished with the World Travel Award for the “World’s Leading Conservation Company”. These monuments and architectonic features constitute one of the most exceptional historical clusters of architecture ad landscape in Europe. In 2014, the natural and cultural values that Parques de Sintra manages welcomed approximately 2,234,000 visitors of whom around 87% were of international origin.

Câmara Municipal do Porto Praça General Humberto Delgado 4049-001 Porto Ph.: (351) 222 097 000 E-mail: dmrip@cm-porto.pt Website: www.cm-porto.pt Date of Inscription: 1996 Criteria: [IV]

OPORTO HISTORIC CENTRE

remarkable testimony to the development over the past thousand years of a European city that looks outward to the west for its cultural and commercial links.”

Porto’s Historic Centre has its documented origins in a small settlement that sprung up on the cathedral hill as far back as the first millennium BC. Successive occupations have left their mark and helped form the unique social and economic blend that has driven the growth and evolution of the city. On the 5th December 1996, in the city of Merida, Mexico, UNESCO decided do include Porto’s Historic Centre on the World Heritage List, making it part of the great cultural values of Mankind. The decision was based on the IV Cultural Criterion, considering “the site is of outstanding universal value as the urban fabric and its many historic buildings bear

HISTORY IN MORE THAN A THOUSAND YEARS The now truly urban center, which is of immeasurable aesthetic value, is home to numerous historic buildings that have borne witness to the city’s development over the last thousand years or so. In this masterpiece of human creativity military, commercial, agricultural and demographic interests converged to shelter a population able to build a town. 18

not only transcends national borders but also endures as a precious treasure for the generations of both today and tomorrow. It is a unique and precious resource and all of humanity will benefit from the special protection and esteem it so richly deserves.

A unique and highly valued work of art, in which the whole does not come out of a specific work, but rather of successive contributions. The harmonious congruity of streets and juxtaposed spaces, particularly the Douro River and Vila Nova de Gaia, creates a rich visual feast of panoramic proportions. EXCEPTIONAL UNIVERSAL VALUE This living organism, assimilated into a bustlingly busy city quarter and a result of history built in layers from various epochs and architectural stiles, has become renowned for its â&#x20AC;&#x153;exceptional universal valueâ&#x20AC;?. It assumed such an outstanding cultural value that it 19

Fundação Côa/Parque - Museu do Côa Rua do Museu 5150-620 Vila Nova de Foz Côa Ph.: (351) 279 768 260 E-mail: museugeral@arte-coa.pt Website: www.arte-coa.pt Date of Inscription: 1998 Date of Extention: 2010 Criteria: [I][III]

The motifs were done resorting to pecking (the most ancient engravings), incision, or by combining both techniques, and, in some cases, even painting. The second most important rock art group belongs to the Iron Age. Art from this period is mostly located near to the mouth of the Côa being its most striking characteristic the many associated depictions of humans and animals. Warriors, mounted on horses or afoot, often bearing their iron weaponry (spears, darts, swords, falcatas and also some shields), in hunting or fighting scenes, are the most common motifs. These motifs give testimony of an almost feudalistic warrior society, where ownership of weapons and horses are statements of power but also provide social prestige. When the conquest of the region by Rome begins, the established social order also changes. The Côa rock art was inscribed in the World Heritage List in December 1998. Later, in August 2010, this status was granted to the Spanish site of Siega Verde, as an extension of the Côa Valley.

THE CÔA VALLEY ROCK ART Discovered in 1994, the Lower Côa and Portuguese High Douro rock art cycles belong to the depths of human time, going as far back as 25,000 years. The rock art is distributed along the last 20 kilometers of the Côa before its encounter with the Douro. From the Upper Palaeolithic, two major art periods have been identified. The first (Gravettian and/or Gravettian-Solutrean) is between ± 25,000 and 18,000 years BP. The second (Magdalenian and Late Glacial) extends between ± 18,000 and ± 12,000 years BP. Together, these periods comprise the world’s largest collection of open-air Paleolithic art. The four most depicted, almost exclusively, animals are aurochsen (a large wild ox), horses, goats (the most represented species is the Pyrenean goat) and deer (bucks and does). 20

THE CÔA VALLEY ARCHAEOLOGICAL PARK (PAVC) The PAVC opened in August 1996, as a result of the Côa controversy and decision to stop the construction of the Lower Côa dam (1995). The Park constitutes a legal protection area for the Côa rock art, namely the Palaeolithic engravings. It possesses an area of around 20,000 hectares, located in the Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo, Pinhel and Mêda counties. Most of the Park’s area is included in Rede Natura 2000, The PAVC, as well as private companies supervised by the Park, operates guided tours (it is not permitted to visit autonomously) to the three sites open to the public which feature the most ancient motifs: Canada do Inferno, Penascosa and Ribeira de Piscos.

Seen from above, the building unfolds in to a large triangular shape, torn in the middle by a long entrance corridor that prepares visitors for an immersion in the mythical time of long gone prehistoric millennia. The exhibition aims to be a grand Interpretation Center for the Côa rock art giving emphasis to the Côa Palaeolithic art, also presenting the Post Glacial cycles, namely the painted and engraved art from the Neolithic, the Chalcolithic, and the many incisions from the Iron Age. The singularity of the architectural piece and its integration in the landscape, together with the great antiquity of the Côa art presented inside, make the Côa Museum, visited each year by tens of thousands of tourists, an incontestable resource for regional tourism. (AMB)

THE CÔA MUSEUM Located above the mouth of the Côa River and offering a superb view over the Douro, the Côa Museum was designed by the architects Camilo Rebelo and Tiago Pimentel. Construction began in 2007 and the Museum was inaugurated in July 2010. The building stretches along a panoramic plateau formed by the Côa and Douro left margins and is well integrated in the surrounding landscape. The tone of the walls, that aims to mimic the colors of the schist outcrops that dot the area, greatly contributes to its impact. 21

Instituto das Florestas e Conservação da Natureza, IP-RAM Quinta Vila Passos – Rua Alferes Veiga Pestana 15 9054 – 505 Funchal - Madeira Portugal Ph.: (351) 291 740 060/40 E-mail: ifcn@madeira.gov.pt Website: www.ifcn.pt www.facebook.com/IFCNIP

Date of Inscription: 1999 Criteria: [IX][X]

MADEIRA LAURISSILVA

The Madeira Laurissilva is a forest formation with a rich biological diversity and a high percentage of species exclusive to Madeira. It exists about 20 million years and its name, Laurisilva, comes from two Latin terms laurus and silva which mean laurel and forest. It is considered a Relic of the Tertiary Period and is home to many living beings that have existed since that Period and others that have evolved from then to the present day. Highlight for its natural beauty and unique landscape in the world that promote Madeira as a destination of excellence for Nature Tourism. In 1999 it was recognized as World Natural Heritage by UNESCO, it was included in the Natura Network 2000 for being a Special Conservation Area (SCA) and a Special Protection Area (SPA), it is a Biogenetic Reserve of the Council of Europe and most of it is included in the area of the Natural Park of Madeira.

BIODIVERSITY

LOCATION Currently, this type of Laurisilva is confined to the Biogeographic Region commonly known as Macaronesia, which includes the Archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. The Laurisilva covers an area of approximately 15.000 hectares of the island and is situated essentially on the north coast, between 300 and 1300 metres above sea level.

It is a multistrata forest that has an enormous biodiversity, particularly in its flora and fauna. In this forest predominate trees belonging to the Lauraceae family such as the Barbusano, the Laurel, the Til and Madeira Mahogany. To these trees are associated many others, in particular the Lily of the Valley Tree, the “Pau Branco” and the very rare Mocano. Of the endemic bushes, particularly interesting on the Pride of Madeira, Honey Spurge, Madeira Foxglove and Musschia wollastonii. The ferns,the bryophytes and lichens are also abundant. On the fauna group the highlighting of the vertebrates are two rare species of bats and birds, such as the Madeira Laurel Pigeon and the Madeiran Firecrest, the only endemic species of this ecosystem. The invertebrates has a high number of endemic species, mainly at the level of insects and terrestrial molluscs. The Laurisilva Forest, which is known as the “waterproducing forest” has hydrophilic characteristics and plays a predominant role in the island’s hydrological balance.

Câmara Municipal de Guimarães Largo Cónego José Maria Gomes 4804-534 Guimarães Ph.: (351) 253 421 200 E-mail: geral@cm-guimaraes.pt Website: www.cm-guimaraes.pt Date of Inscription: 2001 Criteria: [II][III][IV]

THE ORIGINS Guimarães grows due to an urban dynamic generated between two significant poles, the “Low Village” and “ High Village “ - a small town around a duplex monastery in the plain and a core of smaller dimensions around the castle on the hill . Shaped to its topography, polarized around the military and religious references, they developed over two separate settlements, growing in parallel until the wall of D. Dinis, covers it all in a single fence. Guimarães is confirmed during the period of nationality formation, when D. Afonso Henriques (the first Portuguese king), confirms the charter of his father. The historic town of Guimarães is so associated with the founding of the Portuguese national identity in the century. XII.

URBAN REHABILITATION The urban rehabilitation policy adopted, based on joint action by the upgrading and enhancement of public space, recovery of municipal buildings, technical and financial support to the private sector, the resident population maintenance and the protection and maintenance of pre-existing built with construction techniques traditional undoubtedly essential for the defense of collective memory, insurmountable and unquestionable constitutes cultural heritage that make Guimarães one of the most important reference models in terms of conservation of urban heritage, classified on 13 December 2001 by UNESCO as World heritage .

THE HISTORIC CENTER The historic center is a well-preserved and authentic example of the evolution of a medieval settlement into a modern city whose diversity of building types, exemplifies the specific development of Portuguese architecture from the fifteenth century to the nineteenth century, adopting the constructive language of traditional techniques called “taipa de rodízio e taipa de fasquio” (construction techniques that use wood as a primary element), originating in medieval root buildings.

Gabinete Técnico Missão Douro Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Norte Largo Conde de Amarante, n.º1 5000-529 Vila Real Ph.: (351) 259 302 550 E-mail: gtmd@ccdr-n.pt Website: www.ccdr-n.pt/servicos/missao-douro Date of Inscription: 2001 Criteria: [II][III][IV]

INTRODUCTION

This unique territory encloses a secular collective heritage associated with vines and wine culture, on steep rocky slopes, whose difficult conditions forced the construction of land terraces, supported by schist walls. The cultural landscape of ADV is the result of centuries of work, settled in a crossing corridor of people and cultures, of technical adaptations and specific knowledge of vine cultivation for the production of the world-renowned wines, from the designations of origin “Port” and “Douro “but also from other mediterranean cultures such as olive and almond.

The Alto Douro Wine Region (ADV) was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, 14 of december 2001, in the category of Cultural, evolutional and living Landscape inscribed the Alto Douro Wine Region on the World Heritage List under criteria (iii), (iv), and (v). This is the most representative and well preserved area of the Douro Wine Region, the oldest wine region demarcated and regulated in the world, with boundaries since 1756. 26

landscape are representative of the full range of activities association with winemaking â&#x20AC;&#x201C; terraces, Quintas (wineproducing farm complexes), villages, chapels, and roads. Criterion (v): The cultural landscape of the Alto Douro is an outstanding example of a traditional European wineproducing region, reflecting the evolution of this human activity over time. OPEN TO THE WORLD

EXCEPTIONAL VALUE The quality and the exceptional value of the wine justify the titanic collective effort of successive generations translated into a universal, singular image landscape, considered as a collective masterpiece. The World Heritage label, awarded by UNESCO, is based on criteria iii), iv) and v), according to the following interpretation: Criterion (iii): The Alto Douro Region has been producing wine for nearly two thousand years and its landscape has been moulded by human activities. Criterion (iv): The components of the Alto Douro 27

Today, ADV opens up to the world, showing the exceptional and universal value of its assets, setting itself as a prime tourist destination that offers unique and unrepeatable sensory experiences. The invitation is unique and unrefusable: come and get to know the Douro World Heritage!

Lajido de Santa Luzia 9940 S. Roque do Pico Ph.: (351) 292 207 375 E-mail: parque.natural.pico@azores.gov.pt Website: siaram.azores.gov.pt/patrimonio-cultural/vinhas-pico/ _intro.html Date of Inscription: 2004 Criteria: [III][V]

INTRODUCTION The Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture - UNESCO World Heritage, classified in 2004, occupies a total area of 987 ha, surrounded by a buffer zone of 1924 ha. It consists of a territory swathe that covers part of the North and South coasts and the west coast of the island, with the emblematic reference of two places - the Lagido of the CriaĂ§ĂŁo Velha and the Lagido of Santa in Luzia, implanted in large lava fields characterized by an enormous richness of natural beauty and landscape. These places were classified because they are part of an excellent representation of traditional architecture attached to the vine culture the landscape designing and the natural elements. The floristic and fauna diversity presents there are associated with an abundance of endemic and communities species, rare and with protective status.

LANDSCAPE This good consists of an amazing network of long stone walls, spaced from each other, which are parallel to the coast line and goes by into the interior of the island. These walls have been lifted in order to protect the vines, planted in thousands of small rectangular areas (currais), from the wind and the sea salt. Reaching back to the fifteenth century, the presence of viticulture manifests itself through this extraordinary patchwork of small fieldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, houses and farms of the early nineteenth century, small churches, seaports and tidal wells.

THE PAST AND THE PRESENT The cultivation of vineyard on this island, according to the original implemented method, implied to cultivate the vine plants in the cracks and holes of lava fields and arrange the stones spread across the ground. With cleverness and art, PicoÂ´s men quickly understood that the surplus stone could be a fundamental element that would ensure that the wines could grow in this rocky environment, fustigated by strong winds and for sea salt: it would be enough to build walls, arrange and stack the loose stones, clean the ground, and organize the large properties according to spaces that protected the plants, and created favorable environment for the development of quality grapes. Today, after 11 years of this classification, this Landscape is kept alive, being a reason of pride for all Azoreans.

Rua Isabel Maria Picão, s/n, 7350-953 Elvas Ph.: (351) 268 639 740 E-mail: turismo@cm-elvas.pt Website: www.cm-elvas.pt www.fortedagraca.com Date of Inscription: 2012 Criteria: [IV]

ELVAS, FRONTIER CITY HEADQUARTERS

Moreover, it is the world’s best example of a Garrison border town. The classification includes all the Historical Centre, the bulwarked walls of the 17th century, the Amoreira Aqueduct, the Fort of Santa Luzia, the Fort of Graça and the fortlets of São Pedro, São Mamede and São Domingos in a total of 179 hectares, having a protected area of 690 hectares.

The Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List fulfilling Criterion IV. This asset provides an outstanding example of a type of building or architectural ensemble illustrating a significant period of human history. In fact, the city of Elvas has the largest perimeter of land bulwarked fortifications in the world, while being the biggest and best example of the art of Dutch fortification. 30

MORE HERITAGE

DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORY

The fortifications of the Historic Centre include the Islamic walls, a Fernandina wall and the bulwarked fortifications that still embrace the city centre. However, Elvas is not exclusively military heritage. In the city you will find 20 churches, 5 chapels, 7 convents and a wide range of civil heritage marked by its palaces and the majestic Amoreira Aqueduct.

Bearing in mind the defence of the territory, several fortifications were built across the centuries around the city such as the Fort of Santa Luzia, work of Dutchman Jan Ciermans (or João Cosmander) for the Restoration War, the Fort of Graça, designed by the Count of Lippe and built by Guillaume Valleré and the three fortlets built under Wellington’s orders.

Largo da Porta Férrea 3000-477 Coimbra Ph.: (351) 239 857 095 E-mail: ruas@uc.pt Website: www.uc.pt/ruas

Date of Inscription: 2013 Criteria: [II][IV][VI]

ONE OF THE OLDEST UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPE

There are two areas inscribed on the World Heritage list: the University Alta and Rua da Sofia, which include the Botanical Garden and 31 buildings, all of them confirming the pedagogical, ideological and artistic evolution that took place, and is still ongoing, within this ancient institution. Founded in 1290, the University was definitely established in Coimbra in 1537 as the first University in the country and one of the oldest in Europe. It has been for centuries the only Higher Education Institution in the Portuguese-speaking world, spreading its influence further beyond the national borders.

HERITAGE, HISTORY AND IDENTITY

The University head office is located in the emblematic set of the Palace of Schools, former Royal Palace, where one may visit the Baroque Joanine Library, the University Tower, the Via Latina, St. Michael’s Chapel and Porta Férrea (the Iron Gate). Rua da Sofia, built in the city downtown, was the initial core of the University. The set of colleges was designed and built specifically to house the teaching duties, in an innovative process during the 16th century. Several 16th-century colleges still subsist today, among which stand out the College of St. Jerome and the College of Jesus. The latter was profoundly remodelled during the Enlightenment Reform, which also left us the opposite building, Laboratorio Chimico (The Chemistry Laboratory). The image of the Alta is strongly marked by the major reform it went through starting in the 1940s, which resulted in a “University City” representative of the image of power that the authoritarian regime of the time intended to convey.

MOVABLE AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE The University is also the holder of an important movable heritage that includes the valuable collections managed by the Museum of Science, the documental collections of the Archive of the University and the bibliographical resources of the General and Joanine Libraries. The intangible material of the University embodies in the academic ceremonies and rituals, from the more institutional ones, such as the Doctor Honoris Causa Award Ceremonies, to the more informal festivities, such as the Queima das Fitas (Burning of the Ribbons). The origin and dissemination of the Portuguese language, the Canção de Coimbra (Fado) and life in the Republics of Coimbra are also intangible symbols linked with the classification of this heritage.