TYPO AURA SHEENA CHONG
TYPO AURA Aurora Borealis The Northern Lights Sheena Chong
Copyright Š 2013 By Sheena Chong First Edition All rights are reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission from the publisher.
This book is dedicated to my mom and my friend Tuan Do who has been supporting me throughout my learning at the Academy of Art.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 2
Page 2 – 7
Page 8 – 15
Grid Golden section Hierarchy
Alignment Leading Kerning Tracking
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 4
Page 16 – 21
Page 22 – 29
Ligatures Glyphs Numerals
Quotation Marks Apostrophes Dashes Widows & Orphans
CHAPTER 5
Page 30 – 35
Anatomy Type Families Classifications
TYPO AURA // 1
CHAPTER 1 // GRID
2 //
“The grid system is an aid, not a guarantee. It permits a number of possible uses and each designer can look for a solution appropriate to his personal style. But one must learn how to use the grid; it is an art that requires practice.” — Josef Müller Brockmann
TYPO AURA // 3
CHAPTER 1 // GOLDEN SECTION
The golden section, golden ratio, golden number, and golden mean. It is known that the Golden Ratio has been used for atleast 4,000 years in human art and design. Usually can be seen from architecture to the grand masters. a : b = b : (a+b) 1.618033988749
4 //
TYPO AURA // 5
CHAPTER 1 // HIERARCHY
AURORA BOREALIS
Another name is called the Northern Lights
6 //
A typographic hierarchy expresses the organiszation of content that emphasizing some elements and subordinating others. A visual hierarchy helps readers scan a text, knowing where to enter and exit.
TYPO AURA // 7
CHAPTER 2 // ALIGNMENT
Left Allignment
Center Allignment
8 //
Justified Alignment
Right Alignment
TYPO AURA // 9
CHAPTER 2 // LEADING
The distance from the baseline of one line of type to another is called line spacing. It is also called leading.
10 //
11/9
11/13.2 (auto)
Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis
11/11
Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis
11/24
Aurora Borealis
Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis
Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis
TYPO AURA // 11
CHAPTER 2 // KERNING
Aurora -30
5
-15
-25
-5
Borealis -35
12 //
-35
-5
5
30 -20
Kerning is an adjustment of space between two letters to create a visually pleasing results. Without the use of kerning, the letter combination will look awkward without any special spacing consideration.
TYPO AURA // 13
CHAPTER 2 // TRACKING
Tracking is an overall spacing of a group of letters. Also refered as letterspacing. It is to make the designer create a more airy and a comfortable reading when expanding the tracking across the word, line, or block.
14 //
-100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Aurora Borealis Auro r a B o rea l i s
TYPO AURA // 15
CHAPTER 3 // LIGATURES
fl ff ct
fj fi IN WRITING AND TYPOGRAPHY, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined as a single glyph.
16 //
ffj
ſt
st ffi
ſh
ffl
TYPO AURA // 17
CHAPTER 3 // GLYPHS
1 2 3 C D
S
E F G
J b M
18 //
U
k n o r s j d
v i t
f y c
TYPO AURA // 19
CHAPTER 3// NUMERALS
123 456
Lining Numerals
Non-Lining Numerals
123 456
20 //
Lining numerals take up uniform widths of space, enabling the numbers to line up when tabulated in columns. First introduced around the 20th century to meet the needs of modern business.
TYPO AURA // 21
CHAPTER 4 // QUOTATION MARKS
Quotation marks, or quotes, are used in punctuation to emphasize a phrase or word or to indicate speech. There are four types of quotation marks: single open, single closed, double open, or double closed.
22 //
"
"
Straight Quotes
“
”
Smart Quotes
TYPO AURA // 23
CHAPTER 4 // APOSTROPHES
Usually called a dumb quote, or straight quote key, which types a raised vertical line as in don’t. They should not be used in place of letters, nor ever upside down and backwards.
24 //
I’m a Graphic Designer
TYPO AURA // 25
CHAPTER 4 // DASHES
–
26 //
A hyphen is the shortest in length of the three. It is used to divide words that break at the end of a line, or to connect parts of compound words such as go-between, ill-fated and run-of-the-mill.
The en-dash, which is shorter than an em-dash and longer than a hyphen, is used to indicate a range of values, such as a span of time or numerical quantities (similar to using the words “to” and “from”); for example, 9 AM – 5 PM, Monday – Friday or ages 5 – 8.
—
An em-dash is the longest of the three, and is used to indicate a break in thought — as illustrated in this sentence. It can also be used to separate a thought within a sentence — such as this one — which would then require an em-dash at the beginning and the end of the phrase.
TYPO AURA // 27
CHAPTER 4 // WIDOWS AND ORPHANS
When the last lines of a paragraph are spilt across two pages, it is called a ophan. An example would be when a paragraph list, table, heading, or caption extends to the top of
28 //
the next page.
Orphans are short segments of a paragraph (usually one or two lines) that are stranded at the bottome or top of a column. I am an extremely lonely widow.
TYPO AURA // 29
CHAPTER 5 // ANATOMY
The 1
2
Northern 4
5
3
Lights 6
7
30 //
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
STEM CROSSBAR COUNTER ASCENDER SHOULDER EAR SPINE
TYPO AURA // 31
CHAPTER 5 // TYPE FAMILIES
Adobe Caslon Pro Adobe Caslon Pro Adobe Caslon Pro Adobe Caslon Pro Adobe Caslon Pro Adobe Caslon Pro
32 //
The roman form is called regular or plain. Refer as a standard upright version of a type face. The italic form is used to creat emphasis. Bold versions are traditional texts fronts that were added in the twentieth century. Then typeface designers tries to make the two bold version feel similiar in comparison to the roman, without making the overall form too heavy.
TYPO AURA // 33
CHAPTER 5 // CLASSIFICATION
A
Adobe Caslon Pro Humanist
A
Baskerville Transitional
Bauer Bodoni Modern 34 //
A
A Gill Sans Humanist San Serif
Mr Eaves Sans OT
A
A
Helvetica Transitional
Futura Geometric
A
TYPO AURA // 35
Font: Adobe Caslon Pro Software: Indesign and Illustrator Printing and Binding: Imagink Instructor: David Hake Class: Typography 2
This book is about Typography with the design of Aurora Borealis. They flow with rhythmn and colors of contrast just like the waves of Aura. The goal of this book is to help teach readers understand what is typography in the Graphic Design world. Typography makes a big impact in design and it is very cucial to understand how type works.
USA: $35.00
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