53rd Chicano Park Day Program revised final may 2023

CHICANO PARK STEERING COMMITTEE Stewards of Chicano Park P.O. Box 131050 San Diego, CA 92170 cpscchicanopark70@gmail.com www.chicano-park.com

April 22, 2023

22 de abril de 2023

The Chicano Park Steering Committee welcomes the community to the 53rd commemoration of the founding of Chicano Park. All the hard work, numerous meetings, and commitment that was put into making this event possible was done from our hearts for you, nuestra gente, nuestras familias.

El Comité Directivo del Parque Chicano da la bienvenida a la comunidad al 53o conmemoración de la fundación del Parque Chicano. Todo el arduo trabajo, las numerosas juntas, y el compromiso que se requirió para hacer posible este evento, fue hecho de nuestros corazones para ustedes, nuestra gente, nuestras familias.

” Chicano Park Day will again feature the famous lowrider car exhibition organized by Amigos Car Club, live bands, indigenous Aztec dancers, folklórico dancers, djs, speakers, children’s arts & crafts and much more, as well as other family activities and delicious food.

We would like to give special thanks to all the organizations and individuals who have worked closely with us to co-organize this event.

Muchísimas gracias!

Everyone celebrate with us and enjoy this beautiful day, it is for you and your familia.

Lucas Cruz Chairperson, CPSC

El tema de este año es Día del Parque Chicano 53: Encendiendo el Fuego Nuevo” El Dia del Parque Chicano una vez más contará con la famosa exhibición de “lowriders,” organizada por el Amigos Car Club, bandas de música en vivo, danza indígena Azteca, danza folklórica, djs, oradores, artes y manualidades para niños y niñas, al igual que otras actividades para toda la familia, y ricas comidas.

Nos gustaría agradecer a todas las organizaciones y a todos los individuos que han trabajado muy estrechamente con nosotros en la organización de este evento ¡Muchísimas gracias!

Celebren con nosotros y disfruten este hermoso dia, es para ustedes y su familia.

Lucas Cruz Chairperson, CPSC

53rd Annual Chicano Park Day Music Stage

Kiosco (Chunky Sánchez Stage) 9:50 am Opening blessing 10:15 am La Rondalla Amerindia de Aztlán 10:35 am MC/DJ 11:05 am Aztlán Underground 11:35 am Via International speaker 11:50 am Brown Berets speaker 12:00 noon FLAG RAISING, keynote speaker 12:50 pm Danza Azteca / Calpulli Mexihca 1:45 pm Unión del Barrio speaker 1:50 pm Ballet Folklórico Xochipilli 2:20 pm Amigos Car Club speaker 2:40 pm Bill Caballero & friends 3:25 pm Carnalismo 4:15 pm Sleepwalkers

10:00 am 10:25 am 10:50 am 11:15 am 11:35 am 12:00 noon 1:15 pm 1:50 pm 2:15 pm 2:30 pm 3:05 pm 3:25 pm 3:45 pm 4:00 pm 4:25 pm

DJ Moniloca DJ Bucky DJ Yoli La Vaga DJ Chata DJ Shorty 45 BREAK FOR FLAG RAISING Ruby Clouds DJ Betty Bangs Chicano Duke Quetzalcoatl Band Indigenous Cats Kosmik Force Cuban MeMee La Diabla

Placita Stage

Times and Performers are subject to change

10:15 am Tall Can 10:35 am Poison Control 11:10 am Chicano de Oro 11:30 am Poetry/flag raising info 12:00 noon BREAK FOR FLAG RAISING 1:15 pm Davianna 2:00 pm Cumbia Machin 2:40 pm Celina ‘Yaya’ Heredia 3:10 pm Grupo Folklórico Youth 4:15 pm Jah Ollin

Chicano Park was founded on April 22, 1970 when the community of Logan Heights and Chicano movement activists joined forces to protest the construction of a Highway Patrol station on the present site of the park. The Highway Patrol office was, at the time, the final insult to a community that had already been degraded by the demolition of hundreds of homes to make way for Interstate 5 and the Coronado Bridge, in addition to the placement of toxic industries and junkyards, lack of community facilities, proper schools, jobs, social or medical services.

Protesters led by community activists, artists, Brown Berets, MEChA, and others took over the site and faced police and bulldozers for days while negotiations took place that eventually resulted in the land being given over for a community park. In the following days and months, similar actions by the same groups led to the forming of a Chicano Free Clinic, now known as the Logan Heights Family Health Center, and the Centro Cultural de la Raza in Balboa Park. The struggle for Chicano Park came to symbolize the Chicano-Mexicano people’s struggle for self-determination and self-empowerment. The more than 100 murals in the park portray the social, political, and cultural issues that form the struggle for the liberation of Chican@/Mexican@s.

Chicano Park has received international recognition as a major public art site. Since 1980, the Park has been listed on the Historical Landmarks Registry (San Diego Historical Resources Board), since 1997 on the California Register of Historical Resources. In addition, Chicano Park was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 23, 2013, and was designated a National Historic Landmark on December 23, 2016.

For more information on the Chicano Park Steering Committee, the stewards of Chicano Park, visit our website: www.chicano-park.com.

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Chicano Park es La Tierra Mia: An active and living space that honors and respects all who have walked the sacred land/ tierra sagrada of Chicano Park to transform, create, and affirm why the park exists and what it means to the community. Chicano Park retains the millions of steps that have been placed on its surface; the millions of words that have been spoken; countless songs that have been sung; speeches that have been recited; endless colors inscribed on its pillars; ceremonies and blessings that have been shared; prayers that have been spoken; meals that have been shared, and stories that have been told and created. All by activists, artists, musicians, storytellers, dancers, actors, lowriders, sembradores, caretakers, mothers, daughters, sons, fathers, and our ancestors/antepasados.

La Tierra Mia is a land-based storybook, a codex, a teaching, a history, all etched in its earth. It tells a story and history of preservation, perseverance, self-determination, healing, and liberation.

El Parque Chicano es La Tierra Mia: Un espacio activo y de vida que honra y respeta a todos los que han caminado por la tierra sagrada del Parque Chicano para transformar, crear, y afirmar por qué existe el parque y lo que significa para la comunidad. Chicano Park retiene los millones de pasos que se han colocado en su superficie; los millones de palabras que se han hablado; innumerables canciones que han sido cantadas; discursos que han sido recitados; interminables colores inscritos en sus pilares; ceremonias y bendiciones que han sido compartidas; oraciones que se han hablado; comidas que han sido compartidas e historias que han sido contadas y creadas. Todo por activistas, artistas, músicos, narradores, bailarines, actores, lowriders, sembradores, cuidadores, madres, hijas, hijos, padres y antepasados.

La Tierra Mia es un libro de cuentos en tierra, un códice, una enseñanza, una historia, todo grabado en su tierra. Cuenta una historia e historia de preservación, perseverancia, autodeterminación, curación y liberación.

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Sponsors CHICANO PARK STEERING COMMITTEE, the stewards of Chicano Park, plan and carry out this annual commemoration of the takeover. The CPSC is an all-volunteer, grassroots organization comprised of individuals who donate their time and energy to ensure the development, maintenance, and expansion of Chicano Park. When the CPSC was established in April of 1970, the objective was, “to oversee (on behalf of the community) the continuing development and expansion of the Chicano Park and to insure that the park would be developed in a Chicano/Mexicano/Indigenous style.”

One of the original goals was to transform the cold grey concrete and rock-hard dirt that once dominated the site into a glorious thing of beauty that would mirror and showcase the beauty, culture, and spirit of the Chicano people. As of 1997, Chicano Park and the Chicano Park murals have been on the list of California Historic Places and were added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 2013. On December 23, 2016, the park was awarded National Historic Landmark status.

Chair Por Vida: Tommie Camarillo Chair: Lucas Cruz Vice-Chair: Tonantzin 'Cina' Sanchez Secretary: Jessica Petrikowski Treasurer: Isabel Sanchez Sgt-at-Arms: Joe Le Blanc

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learning opportunities to engage with community development initiatives. The Via Institute provides a framework to nourish personal development, foster community engagement, strengthen organizations, and promote global dialogue.

CALPULLI MEXIHCA is a non-profit organization dedicated protecting, teaching and promoting the values of our indigenous cultures. Founded on Sept. 16, 2002 by the Flores family, Calpulli Mexihca has been recognized as ‘mesa’ by el General de Danza, Plascencia Rosendo Quintero since November 2008.

Calpulli Mexihca has become a major social project. In addition to the teaching of Danza Azteca, their work also encompasses social activism and cultural diffusion in different levels to work closely with many renowned community organizations. Capitana Aida Flores ; Capitan Juan Flores.

BROWN BERETS DE AZTLÁN The National Brown Berets formed in 1967 in East L.A., striving for selfdetermination, they took militant action against the oppression of Chicano/Mexicanos. The San Diego Brown Berets started in 1970, participating in the takeover of Chicano Park and the Centro Cultural de la Raza (formerly the Ford building), and the occupation of the Big Neighbor (now Family Health Center). In 1972, the National Brown Berets began to break up. The San Diego chapter remained active as the San Diego Brown Berets. In AMIGOS CAR CLUB, established in 1977, is the oldest 1989 the San Diego Brown Berets re-organized as the active lowrider organization in San Diego County.

Brown Berets de Aztlán. In order to better define La Amigos has 46 years of promoting history, culture and Causa (the Cause), their patch was designed from La tradition. Amigos congratulates the Causa to Aztlán. This defines their Causa: Tierra, Chicano Park Steering Committee for Liberación, Revolución; Revolution, Liberating our Land 53 years of lucha in our community. of Aztlán. Through organization, self-determination, They would like to extend appreciaand unity we can liberate nuestra Raza, y tierra de Aztion to the lowriders for continuing to tlán. Unite in the struggle to end police/migra terror on support this annual event. Many vehicles on display are our Raza! Chican@ Power! show quality material and their goal is to promote positive role models to the youth. Amigos Car Club is a coCHICANO PARK MUSEUM AND CULTURAL CENTER founder (1979) and proud member of the San Diego held its grand opening was on October Lowrider Council.

8, 2022. The inaugural exhibition was Pillars: Stories of Resilience and Self VIA INTERNATIONAL is dedicated to building paths to Determination. See pages 30 & 31 and self-reliance for an interdependent world. Since 1975, visit https://chicanoparkmuseum.org Via International addresses community or Instagram @chicanopark_museum needs by supporting community members for exhibits and event information. to become agents of positive change.

Programs emerge from community needs CALIPOSAS PRESS is owned by Conto improve quality of life through nutrition suelo Manríquez, a long-time educaand ecology training, community leadership education, tor, community activist, and MC for and microcredit and microenterprise support. The VolChicano Park Day and other events. On untours programs offer educational travel and service

Sponsors/MCs/Stages March 19, Caliposas hosted the annual Chicano Park Day Pozolada Fundraiser at the home of Victor Cordero & family. Caliposas Press specializes in Chicano, Latino y bilingual books, CDs and more. See page 33 for pozolada fundraiser coverage.

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hermanas y hermanos en Nuestra América, e incondicionalmente defendemos el derecho de autodeterminación de los pueblos indígenas y de todas las personas pobres y oprimidas en el mundo. Desde 1981, Unión del Barrio ha liderado campañas para resistir la migra y la violencia policial, hemos organizado autodefensas en nuestras comunidades y abogamos constanTURNING WHEEL is a mobile classroom that teaches and serves the local community. It is designed as both temente por los derechos del pueblo trabajador, las classroom and a creative space where history and cul- mujeres, los jóvenes, y los prisioneros. Ahora, más que nunca, necesitamos que te unas a Unión del Barrio para ture come alive through the telling and presentation of community story ayudar a construir este movimiento por la liberación de la raza! and history. We draw from the arts, literature, poetry, music, oral history, Webpage in English: https://uniondelbarrio.org/main/ and the sciences to make knowledge Página web en español: https://uniondelbarrio.org/esp/ relevant to the lives of the community Introductory video: https://youtu.be/P4WzBoZtOu0 it serves. The Turning Wheel Project Email: info@uniondelbarrio.org Social Media: @UniondelBarrio is a partnership between the Chicano Park Steering YouTube: Committee, the Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center and the University of San Diego where it is CHICANO ART GALLERY housed in the Department of Ethnic Studies.

Cesar Castañeda and Sholove (Erick De La Rosa) UNION DEL BARRIO celebrates Chicano Park as the organized the 9th annual beating heart of our peoples’ liberation struggle! ¡Esta Chicano Park Day Art FundEs Mi Tierra - Esta Es Mi Lucha!

Unión del Barrio is an independent polit- raiser on April 8, 2023. See page 33 for event coverage. ical organization dedicated to struggling on behalf of la raza. Today, our commuMCs and Stage Crew nities suffer under terrible conditions.

The intensity of the hatred and political KIOSCO (Chunky Sanchez stage): poison our people are forced to endure is unprecedentConsuelo Manriquez, Hector Villegas ed. Unión del Barrio is convinced that our future must be different. We support the struggles for freedom and MUSIC stage: self-determination of all our sisters and brothers across Nuestra América, and we unconditionally uphold Louie Ontiveros the right of self-determination of indigenous people and all poor and oppressed people worldwide. Since 1981, Unión del Barrio has led campaigns to resist migra and police violence, organized the active self-defense of PLACITA stage: our communities, and consistently advocated for the Wicho Flores rights of workers, mujeres, young people, and prisoners. Now, more than ever, we need you to join Unión del Barrio to help build this movement for raza liberation!

STAGE CREW LEADERS: Mil gracias to Fernie Lucero (DJ Rambo) & Mauricio

Unión del Barrio es una organización política inde‘Wicho’ Sánchez for continuing the legacy of Fernando pendiente dedicada a luchar en nombre de la raza que Lucero Sr. and Chunky Sanchez by overseeing the stages, vive dentro de las fronteras de los Estados Unidos. Hoy, sound logistics, and guiding the stage crew. nuestras comunidades sufren terribles condiciones. La intensidad del odio y el veneno político que nuestra gente se ve obligada a soportar no tiene precedentes.

En Unión del Barrio estamos convencidos de que nuestro futuro tiene que ser diferente. Nos hemos fijado el objetivo de construir una organización capaz de defender los derechos de la raza, y promover nuestros intereses como clase trabajadora. Apoyamos las luchas por la libertad y la autodeterminación encaminadas por Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Performers

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LA RONDALLA AMERINDIA DE AZTLÁN

through dance. Directed by Nelida G. Herrera, BFXSD was La Rondalla Amerindia de Aztlán is an ensemble formed in established in 2017 and also serves as the official house team for San Diego State University. Our team is privileged 1970 by SDSU Mexican-American Studies professor, Dr. José ‘Pepe’ Villarino. The group participated unconditional- to represent and educate our community on the values of ly, providing “huelga” music our heritage, every time we step on a stage. during protest marches, and, Chicano/ BILL CABALLERO and FRIENDS Mexicano cultural music Caballero Music includes the Orquesta for Raza, from San Joaquin Bi-Nacional de Mambo (18 member Valley to the north, to band performing Latin big band music the Imperial Valley to the from 1950’s to present), the Latin Jazz Southeast and, of Quinteto Caballero. Catch the Quinteto course, throughout San at The Rivera Supper Club. Caballero Diego County. For more than four decades, they have per- Music represents some of the finest formed “huelga” protest and social justice music at the musicians and performers in the San Diego/Tijuana request of our gente, to educate and to inspire our youth Metroplex and they invite you to disfrutar their Latin style and our community with the perseverance and wisdom of entertainment. IG @billcaballeromusic Cesar Chavez. Through huelga music, La Rondalla Amerindia de Aztlán continues invigorating community spirit, TALL CAN working together to achieve the dream, vision and reality of social equality and social justice.

AZTLAN UNDERGROUND Aztlán Underground navigates time and space between the contemporary and the ancient to create music that reveals the unrestrained voices of Indigenous peoples of the world. Through their own personal journey of enlightenment, they uncover the raw, painful, solitude of oppressed people, transforming it with unbridled energy and emotion into their hard-hitting musical style.

Aztlán Underground deconstructs colonization through the physical, emotional, and spiritual, via music. This is exemplified by the interjection of native instrumentation fused with jazz, punk, hip hop, punk and performance art, reflecting the urbanized native experience and artistry that is born of self discovery and analy- CHICANO DE ORO sis. Born in 1990 and still processing and progressing toJuan Carlos Lozano is el Chicano de Oro, born and raised day, each album reflects different genre influences. They in San Diego, CalifAztlan. He makes music, are currently working on a triple album release of native clothing (Perseverance Clothing), organizinstrumentation, Dark ethereal rock, and hip hop. es, and lives his life for Chicano/ The lineup includes drummer extraordinaire-Caxo, multiIndigenous peoples and their national/ talented bass and native flutes-Genetic Windsongs of international allies. His music tells his life Truth and Revolt aka Joe 'Peps', Og Founding vocalist and stories and the stories of others where he flutist-Bulldog (recently returned from hiatus), the young comes from. His music is his canvas, come and multi-talented flutist and guitarist-Ethan Miranda, vibe with him. Instagram: @chicanodeoro founding member and vocalist-Yaotl.

CARNALISMO

BALLET FOLKLÓRICO XOCHIPILLI Ballet Folklórico Xochipilli de San Diego is a community of dancers committed to showcasing the traditional art of Mexico's regions and colors

Performers KOZMIK FORCE

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SLEEPWALKERS

Kozmik Force is a rising Indigenous hip-hop group comprised of emcees Jaded Jag and Native Threat, whom hail from the Inland Empire. Since forming in 2017, over the span of three mixtapes, Kozmik Force’s mission has been to create & spread hip-hop with a strong message of cultural resistance, empowerment, sobriety, freedom, justice, equality, and decolonization

The Sleepwalkers who hail from National City, CA, have been playing their brand of Chicano roots rock since 1994. They infuse a mix of rockabilly and cumbias for a sound that definitely gets folks out on the dance floor.

Because of their eclectic style, they have played with the likes of the Texas Tornados, Big Bad Voodoo DadRUBY CLOUDS dy, Link Wray, Ronnie DawRuby Clouds is a sibling duo from San Ysidro / Tijuana, now based in Los Angeles, led by Claudia García, a gradu- son, The Blasters, Pancho Sanchez, Big Sandy, and ate of Harvard University where she founded Mariachi Ozomatli to name a few. They have been nominated nuVeritas. Her original music in English merous times over the years for the San Diego Music and Spanish reflects her experience Awards, winning Best Americana in 2020. IG: growing up on both sides of the bor@thesleepwalkersband der and invites the listener to dream along. Their song “Un día de estos” is featured in the award-winning film “La Leyenda Negra” which premiered at Sundance 2020 and is now streaming on HBOMax. In 2021 Claudia was selected as a finalist and Ruby Clouds at 2018 Chicano Park Day performer in the Original Songwriting Competition of the 27th Annual Mariachi Vargas Extravaganza. “Mexican Soul: How Claudia Garcia got mariachi fever” by Lydialyle Gibson, Harvard magazine, May-June 2022. https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2022/05/montagemexican-soul https://www.rubycloudsmusic.com/ https://www.instagram.com/rubycloudsmusic/

QUETZALCOATL BAND Hailing Southern California, Quetzalcoatl Band has an entrancing collection of sounds rooted in Aztec beats with a funk Latin Afro-Fusion of Tribal Rock, Cumbia and Reggae rhythms. In 2017 Quetzalcoatl Band released their debut album "La Catrina" on Blacklight Records, and subsequently released their follow-up album, “Rise Of The People Of The Sun” featuring the single ‘Xochitl’ which was filmed during Chicano Park Day 2019 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6g7uGm-oEI) with shout outs to all the muralists/artists

https://quetzalcoatlbandmusic.com/ https://www.instagram.com/quetzalcoatlband/ https://www.facebook.com/Quetzalcoatlmusic/

CUMBIA MACHIN

Cumbia Machin from San Diego is going to make you sweat with a healthy dose of smiling, drumming and dancing….why not live your best life and move INDIGENOUS CATS your body to the sounds of Cumbia.

Indigenous Cats is a hip hop duo influJoaquin Hernandez created the project in enced by traditional indigenous teach2010 to cure himself from a neurological ings as well as the underground hipdisorder called focal dystonia. The disorhop culture. With a unique blend of raw der affects Joaquin’s ability to hold a lyrics & soulful flavor, their vision is to drumstick so he uses a Zendrum to play impact the community by uplifting, inelectronic drums with his fingers. He spiring and healing generations to come started drumming in 1985 and has done through their love for music.

International & national tours with metal, punk rock, reggae and salsa bands along the way.

GRUPO FOLKLORICO HERENCIA MEXICANA

CELINA ‘YAYA’ HEREDIA Yaya has been singing for over 35 yrs with many local SD bands & now continues with solo performances. She belongs to the Christ The King Church choir, works for San Diego Unified School District, and is always willing to volunteer her voice at community spaces such as Sherman Heights Community Center and Aztlán Libre.

Founded in 2018 by Director Federico Guerrero, Grupo Folklórico Herencia Mexicana is a non-profit dance company whose mission is to preserve, teach, and exhibit traditional Mexican folklore and culture through the art of music and dance. Beginning with 15 members who shared a passion for folklórico, the group has worked hard to maintain, promote, advocate and share our passion for the preservation

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Performers of traditional dances and history of Mexican folklore.

Today, under the founder and artistic direction of Federico Guerrero, assistant director Jacqueline Alvarez, and instructors Mayra Del Rio, Alexis Barrera, and Rosemary Quijas, the group has over 175 active dancers and enthusiastically offers a dance academy for ages 8+ along with the professional company who travels locally and throughout California to perform at private and public events.

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of the band members already had a good deal of previous musical experience. Poison Control is made up of Cuauhtemoc Chacon (lead guitar, bass, vocals) Ivan Velasquez (drums,) and Jacob Barnes (bass, vocals.) Their music stylings are primarily punk, and classic rock covers, and have recently written several excellent original songs. Each musician in Poison Control is aware of the societal ills that plague our time and place and have committed to take a stand through their music. They are a pure and visceral reflection of their generation.

CHICANO DUKE

DAVIANNA SERRANO John Arroyo known professionally as Chicano Duke is a Mexican-American Rap- As a 2nd generation San Diego coming from Mexican heritage roots. The youngest of six siblings, 11 year old Daviper/Singer/Music Producer. He is the founder anna is an accordion player and folklórico of Royalty Records origi- dancer. She has been dancing since she nally from Victorville, CA was six years old and loves to make people smile with her dance and music. She only but now resides in North started playing the accordion when she was Hollywood. He has done 9 years old. She has performed at the Coroshows with Baby Bash and Lil Rob and you can follow him nado Talent and many community events, on Facebook and Instagram @ChicanoDuke restaurants, parties and private gatherings.

CUBAN MEMEE Rapper, songwriter, actress & activist Cuban Memee is a first generation American whose family immigrated from Cuba in 1980. This Afro-Cubana performs hip hop and reggaeton to represent both cultures in her unique style. She loves her music and takes her craft seriously but also enjoys her community relationships as an activist. Memee is well known and supported throughout San Diego and takes high pride in her Afro Cubana culture. She plans to continue to bring hot and spice to the music industry if she can and is welcome.

LA DIABLA La Diabla has been “cumbiando” since before it was cool (since 2000). The name “La Diabla” is derived from an old Celso Piña tune. Their music can be powerful and aggressive, romantic and cheerful, even dark and macabre. There’s something for everyone to dance to. The group had been described as Andres Landero meets N.W.A, but with masks, La Sonora Dinamita meets Daft Punk.

Regardless, La Diabla is here to make you move and make dance floors bounce.

POISON CONTROL Poison Control came together as a band early in 2003 to perform at the Chicano Park Day 2003. The band started jamming together as music students at the local school of performing arts although each

Davianna believes that music is spiritual and universal and she loves representing her Mexican culture and heritage. She is currently a 6th grader, balancing homework and school projects with practice sessions and performances.

JAH OLLIN Jah Ollin is a musician/band based in San Diego. Ollin is an Aztec expression of immense depth that conveys intense and immediate MOVEMENT. Jah Ollin is a Roots Reggae group influenced by Akae Beka (Midnite), Bob Marley & the Wailers, Israel Vibration, Sly n’ Robbie and many more. Jah Ollin is keen on keeping the roots sound pure and spiritual, with an emphasis on mental liberation and One Love. Following the teachings of His Imperial Majesty , Emperor Haile Selassie the 1st, Jah Ollin will forward Jah movement of Oneness, unifying the masses towards an international morality. Jah Rastafari!

MARIO AGUILAR and BEA ZAMORA Dr. Mario E Aguilar, Capitan-General, and Beatrice Zamora Aguilar, Capitana-Generala, of Danza Mexicayotl have been teaching and leading the Chichimeca-Azteca dance tradition in San Diego for over 40 years. Mario was one of the first danzantes Chicanos to learn from General Florencio Yescas in 1974 where he and others formed the original danza Toltecas en Aztlán. Mario and Beatrice have continued to lead danza at Chicano Park since then and work collaboratively with other groups to continue this important indigenous tradition. Together with their son, Andres E Aguilar, daughter, Sofia M Aguilar and grandson, Dante T Aguilar, they are an example of passing

Speakers

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on oral tradition from one JULIE CORRALES generation to the next Julita Corrales is a first-generation Chithrough their work with cana, an auto-didactic chola, political acDanza Mexicayotl and the tivist, teen-mother, hoochie, feminist, surlocal Mesa of the Senor vivor, actively engaged in her own decolode los Danzantes. La nization. Zapoteca by blood, a U.S. citizen Danza has been an inspi- by her parents’ sweat and tears, she ration for Chicanos con- draws on her experiences to advocate for, necting with their indige- and write about Chicanx issues. As a Photo by Carlos Osorio nous heritage since the youth, Julie wrote many melodramatic 1970’s and has always been an integral part of ceremony rhyming love poems, some of which are still in circulation at Chicano Park, el ombligo de Aztlán. among California inmates. Since then, her essays have been published in the San Diego Union Tribune and La RIGOBERTO (RIGO) REYES grew up amongst the rallies Prensa, and her poetry has been published in Acentos Reof the United Farm Workers of America, listening to Cesar view, Anacua Literary Arts Journal, and Azahares Literary Magazine. She performs spoken word at various venues in Chavez while he was playing marbles. At the age of 12, San Diego.

Rigo rode his bike 17 miles each way from his barrio in San Ysidro to Logan Heights to witness the takeover by the community of a little piece of land that DJs (Music stage) today is known as Chicano Park. It was from this experience that his love for activism and social justice causes was born. Rigo is Director of Community Development at Via International, a non -profit community-based organization working at the USMexico border. He has been a member of the Chicano Park Steering Committee since 1976, has served on the board of directors for the Centro Cultural de La Raza, former memBUCKY ber of the Brown Berets, Committee on Chicano Rights, a founding member of the Union del Barrio, former member of Casinos Car Club, co-founder of Amigos Car Club, and co-founder of the SD Lowrider Council, and board member YOLI LA VAGA of the Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center (CMPCC).

ELISA SABATINI became President of Via International in

MONILOCA

1998, when it was called Los Niños. In 2005, she oversaw both the formation of Los Niños de Baja California, an independent Mexican non-profit, and the transition of the U.S. organization to Via International. She continues to serve as President of both entities. Elisa brings years of experience working throughout Latin America with an expertise in microfinance and community development. She continues to oversee the expansion of the educational travel program, partnering with over 60 uniDJ CHATA DJ SHORTY 45 versities and high schools, with the end goal of making Via International a self-sustaining community development organization. Recently, she has worked to develop BETTY BANGS is a Chicana artist from Corporate Social Responsibility programming providing San Diego. Her art reflects her cultura relevant volunteer opportunities for local businesses. and lifestyle. She is a mixed media artist and has helped paint murals in Chicano Brown Berets representative will speak on the Park and throughout San Diego. She also Kiosco stage at 11:50am is a local DJ known for playing vinyl.

Union del Barrio representative will speak on the Kiosco stage at 1:45pm Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

New Fire Ceremony

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On April 23, 2022 many community members gathered to celebrate the end of our first 52 year cycle and lit the new fire to guide us with energy into the next 52 year. We called it Quincuentagesimo-Segundo Dia del Parque Chicano and at 3am at the altar at the Kiosco we started the ceremony that ended at daybreak. This marked the end of the first cycle in our calendar based on our history, not the Mexicas, not the Toltecas, not the Olmecas, but for us, Chicanos/Chicanas history.

Fifty-two years ago our community took over and created several institutions: Chicano Park, El Centro Cultural de la Raza, and the Department of Chicano/a Studies at SDSU. The New Fire symbolizes the spread of a new consciousness of unity and strength in our community. The fire represents our indigenous roots and our re-commitment to justice, liberty, and freedom.

Que Viva Nuestra Raza y Nuestra Parque Chicano!

Photo by Valerie Jaimes

From Tollan-Teotihuacan to Tollan-Chicano Park

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Capitán-General Mario E. Aguilar Cuauhtlehcoc, PhD and Capitana Beatrice Zamora

The rich tradition of La Danza Azteca-Chichimeca has been a part of the annual Chicano Park Day since 1974.

The indigenous traditions and heritage of our people unite us with all the other native tribes of the Americas.

The danzas of San Diego are proud to be an integral part of Chicano Park and offer up our dances and our songs to the ancestors of yesterday, to the people of today, and to the ancestors to come.

ros, Orozco, Tamayo, O’Gorman, etc.) repeated the official intellectual policy of the elite: the grandeur that was Tenochtitlan and the courage of Cuauhtémoc.

We Chicanos, like most Mexicans in Mexico did not understand the concept of elite mind control, just followed (and many still do) what we saw and heard on TV and the radio. However, outside the large cities of Mexico, like Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Puebla, there had always been a separate and strong allegiance to la partia chica. Especially in the small towns, pueblos, The underlying 20th century past The Chicano search for roots in ancient Mesoamerican and villages where an historic pride in their own cultures is deep and ever evolving. In the past, before “la indigenous heritage Danza Tolteca-Chichimeca-Conchera-Azteca (from here on “La Danza”)” arrived in Aztlan in the early 1970’s, Chica- thrived. Whether it was Zapoteca in Oaxaca, Otomi no identity and spirituality was firmly rooted in “Spanishcentric” mestizaje. That is, our identity was rooted in what in Hidalgo, or Yaqui in the north, people carried an the Mexican government of the PRI (Partido Revoluancestral (but somewhat cionario Institucional, PRI…Institutional Revolutionary nebulous) “gut feeling” Party, an oxymoron of the finest type) used for over 60 about their personal conyears to create a modern national identity that served its purpose of tightly controlling all levels of Mexican society. nection to Mexico’s indigDon Florencio Yescas This “revolutionary spirit” was in fact, a continuation of the enous past.

The Completion of the Aztlán Recollection status quo: elites fashioned themselves as the descendants of Spanish conquistadores, and a few “Aztec” virgins.

In 1974 General Florencio Yescas travelled north from Thus, “Aztec emperors” were paraded out every Mexican Mexico City to Tijuana, BC and then over to San Diego. holiday as a noble example of Mexico’s ANCIENT past.

Several young male danzantes from Tacuba, Mexico City However, the MODERN, LIVING indigenous people of today accompanied Jefe Yescas. Those included: Lazaro Arvizu, were seen as mere footnotes in history, necessary for German Salinas, Gerardo Salinas, Jose Nolla, and Andres mere production of artesania for tourists and not much Garcia Pacheco. These courageous young men made the more. acquaintance of Juan Felipe Herrera and Alurista and The Mexican mass media, a longtime ally of the PRI, through these two Chicanos were introduced to the comwould regurgitate films, songs, and revistas (magazines) munity of San Diego. It was here that Florencio Yescas that endowed super-human status to famous mestizos began to teach La Danza to a hungry Chicano audience. such as Pedro Infante, Jorge Negrete, Pedro Vargas, Don Florencio Yescas performed at the Guadalupe Church Dolores del Rio, Maria Felix, etc. For most of the twentieth in Otay, at the San Ysidro Recrecreation Center, at the century, the Eurocentric Pigmentocracy of the PRI, PAN, Centro Cultural de la Raza, and at Chicano Park. Several and PCM dominated mestizo/Mexican identity. The murals young Chicanos were excited and thrilled to be able to of the 1920-50’s by great Mexican artists (Rivera, Siqueilearn about their indigenous heritage. Those early danzantes who later became known as the Toltecas en Aztlan danzantes included: Mario E. Aguilar, Guillermo Aranda, Veronica, Claudia, Viviana, and Tupac Enrique, Felipe Esparza, Aztleca Magallan, and Guillermo Rosette. Eventually, Jefe Florencio moved to Los Angeles and made his home there until 1985 when he passed away. Meanwhile in San Diego the Toltecas continued to learn the tradition and traveled back and forth to Los Angeles.

In 1980, General Florencio Yescas asked Mario Aguilar to travel to Tepeyac, the Villa, in Mexico City to be recognized as a young Capitan de la Danza at the feast day of the Vir-

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

From Tollan-Teotihuacan to Tollan-Chicano Park

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gen de Guadalupe. Jefe Mario Aguilar was the first Chica- groups in San Diego and throughout Aztlan as a Capitanno danzante to receive this recognition and obligation.

General de la Mesa del Señor de los Danzantes. This Several Jefes de Danza in Mexico recognized Mario on recognition has brought together several groups working that day. Those included: Rosita Maya, Juanita Maya Diaz, towards building a strong foundation of la danza. This Los Hermanos Plascencia, Miguel Avalos, Juan Pineda, tree has been planted to provide a grounding and a founFelipe Aranda, and others. This was a huge step for the dation for future generations of danzantes. The groups Chicano community because it meant that they were now that are now working under Capitan-General Aguilar inreceived into the traditional danza community of Mexico. clude: The Danza Mexi’cayotl of San Diego, The Calpulli When Mario returned to San Diego, there were conflicts Mexihca of San Diego, The Grupo Tonantzin de la Santa that arose among the other Tolteca leads, and he left, Cruz of San Diego, The Grupo Tonantzin of Santa Paula, along with several other danzantes, to start his own dan- California, and The Grupo Tlalloc of Denver, Colorado. ce circle known as Danza Mexi’cayotl. The Toltecas en This is the first Chicano Danza Mesa in Aztlan and has Aztlan continued for many years under the leadership of been widely recognized throughout the Americas.

Aztleca, Felipe, and Guillermo Rosette. Eventually, Felipe Every year the groups in San Diego dance at Chicano moved to Los Angeles, Guillermo R. moved to Taos, New Park to celebrate the park and the place where La Danza Mexico, and Aztleca continued as Toltecas en Aztlan until was first brought by General Yescas back in 1974. Since his passing. Subsequent danztanes picked up the Tolteca that time the danza continues to flourish at the park with root and continued in San Diego. (Tupac Enrique had mo- several dance groups providing free classes each week. ved to Arizona and Guillermo Aranda moved to Watsonvi- Visit the Chicano Park Steering Committee’s website for a lle, California much earlier.) schedule of classes.

Danza Mexi’cayotl is proud to celebrate 40 years of Chicano Park has become a sacred danza site for all consistent stewardship of La Danza in San Diego. They the groups of San Diego and throughout Aztlan. All continued to lead the dance tradition in San Diego with through the year there are ceremonies offered at the park their Capitanes Mario Aguilar and Beatrice Zamora and including, Dia de los Muertos in November, Cuauhtemoc in provided the leadership for the dance tradition at the an- February, Sagrada Familia and Señor de los Danzantes in nual Chicano Park Day celebrations for over 20 years, July, Santa Cruz in September, and our annual Chicano 1980-2000. They also created the ceremonial piece that Park Day in April. The Kiosco at Chicano Park is considincluded the evening vigil/velación and the Sunday dance ered a temple and a place where they build altars and call offering at the park. The goal was always to pray for a the spirits of the ancestors to come forth and give them peaceful and joyful gathering at the park. In the past sev- strength in the batalla—the battle to teach and educate eral years, the Calpulli Mexihca under the leadership of our people about their beautiful indigenous heritage.

Capitanes Juan and Aida Flores have led the Saturday community blessing and performance during Chicano Que Viva Chicano Park por siempre!

Park Day. Happy 53rd Anniversary Chicano Park!

In 2016, Capitan Mario Aguilar was recognized by dance

¡Presente!

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Danilo Gudiel, Presente! He was born and raised in San Diego. He grew up on streets of Barrio Logan all his life. I remember him being so small and me walking him to Chicano Park before renovations were made, oh how he loved seeing the murals and the painters do their art! At a young age he learned the meaning of the murals and how much it meant to respect them by not tagging on them, and what story was behind each one of them. As he grew older he grew to love the park as much as I did, he took care of the park as if it was his second home. On July 19, 2021 he was celebrating the life of his dear friend who unfortunately passed away in Chicano Park. As family and friends gathered together, Danilo lost his life to homicide. Our community did everything in its power to help him, but due to police neglect he was unable to get first responders in time to help him. By the time he got the help that was needed, he had passed. Our community had experienced this as well in the death of his dear friend who they were celebrating that night. I hope that no one ever experiences this again, and that we place a stop to this. Victims should be able to get help from first responders instead of being treated as criminals. Now we have an altar in their name and their memory will always live with us and in the park. Long Live Danilo and Long Live Brian for we forever will hold in our hearts! And their love for the park will always remain.

Brian Romo, Presente! Brian Alexis Romo was a ray of sunshine, lighting up every room with his big smile and nourishing laugh. He was born and raised in Barrio Logan. Chicano Park was his happy place. He attended marchas to defend it, he kept it clean and loved it until his last breath. Que Viva Brian!

Amigos Car Club San Diego Califas On behalf of Amigos Car Club, we would like to extend our deepest gratitude to the Chicano Park Steering Committee for their continued support, ongoing dedication, and struggle to keep Chicano Park’s history and traditions alive.

Congratulations on the 53rd Anniversary of the take over of Chicano Park.

Recently, Amigos Car Club lost two of their active Carnales. Our deepest condolences to the Henry “Kiko” Roybal and Erick “Drifter” Gomez families, although they are no longer with us, they will never be forgotten, they will always be cruising the calles besides us, along with our other fallen members throughout the years. Amigos dedicates this year’s Car Exhibition to the memories of Kiko and Drifter, Presente!

Amigos hope to educate the public about the Photo by Linda Roybal. positive impacts lowrider car clubs have on this community and highlight the beauty and cultural significance of this art form. Amigos Car Club has always valued its role in the community as providing mentorship and positive role-models for barrio youth, and we hope through this efforts to engage and inspire more local youth to seek out positive artistic outlets that value community and history such as lowriding as an alternative to the negative paths that exist in this community such as gangs, graffiti and crime. Many of the local leaders both in local car clubs as well as community leaders in Barrio Logan are growing old. Amigos is partnering with the Chicano Park Steering Committee, Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center, and Via International to implement programs and strategies in our neighborhoods to engage and inspire local youth to become the future leaders of our communities. Educating them about the history and significance of the Chicano movement and lowrider movement are key elements in this process of developing civic engagement in the next generation.

The mission of the Amigos Car Club is to promote a positive image of Lowriders and Lowrider culture and through our members, provide positive role models to barrio youth. Through our activities and through our unique art form, we raise awareness of Chicano culture and utilize cars as an expression of our history and culture.

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The Turning Wheel Project: El Pueblo En Movimiento - A Community In Movement

Photos by Annie Ross.

For Information Contact: Alberto López Pulido, Director of Turning Wheel and Professor of Ethnic Studies University of San Diego Email: apulido@sandiego.edu Telephone: (619) 260-4022

ALL AGES ART WORKSHOPS Art workshops are free and open to everyone during Chicano Park Day. Located near the National Ave side of the park, next to the Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center Gracias to coordinator MEX and his team of volunteers!

Colleen Bechtel, President 1221 S. 26th Street San Diego, CA 92113

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

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Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

A Glimpse into the History of Chicano Park

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April 22, 1970 – Logan Heights Envision a hurriedly-paced procession of students filing out of their Chicano Studies course at San Diego City College. Only minutes earlier, fellow student Mario Solis had burst into the classroom of Professor Gil Robledo in order to publicly proclaim that a construction crew along with their equipment were presently underneath the newly erected San Diego – Coronado Bridge about to lay down blacktop for a parking lot for the newly proposed California Highway Patrol station in their historic neighborhood and Chicano barrio known as Logan Heights. Led by Rico Bueno, Josephine Talamantez, and David Rico, these student activists quickly mobilized around a ‘red alert’ call to action that brought together numerous other students, women, men, families, young and elderly activitsts and that by the end of this historic day on April 22, 1970 were two to three hundred people strong who had successfully evicted the construction crew and had occupied the land.

The community had created a human chain around the bulldozers and successfully stopped the construction workers from continuing their work. As Chicano muralist Victor Ochoa recall: “They actually took over those bulldozers to flatten out the ground and they started planting nopales, magueys, and flowers along with a Chicano flag being raised on a telephone pole.”1 This impressive gathering under the bridge coalesced into a land-takeover and served as the catalyst behind the creation of the Chicano Park Steering Committee who negotiated with city and state officials demanding that this piece of land be donated to the community. By the end of the twelfth day, the City of San Diego conceded and agreed to acquire the land from the State of California for the establishment of a park for the people that would become known as Chicano Park. Now five decades later, Chicano Park is still running strong, celebrating its fiftieth anniversary in April 2020, and is now a designated national landmark with one of the largest collection of outdoor murals in the world. The landtakeover under the bridge in Logan Heights represents an act of reclamation for generations of Chicanas and Chicanos seeking to hold on to their history in the face of powerful political and economic forces wishing to disrupt and erase their history and community of memory. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 1

Anguiano, Marco A. “The Battle of Chicano Park: A Brief History of the Takeover.”

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Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

A Brief History of the Takeover

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The Battle of Chicano Park: A Brief History of the Takeover

by Marco A. Anguiano

(reprinted from 30th Chicano Park Day program)

Chicano Park - Reclaiming Aztlán

had always been part of the community. Since the 30's many more moved there as laborers, cannery workers, On April 22nd and 23rd, 2000, we celebrate the 30th birthwelders, pipefitters, longshoremen, etc. For decades, day of Chicano Park - "La Tierra Mia" - "Our Land." We community residents had asked city officials to build a commemorate this sacred place and we honor those peopark n the barrio. ple - some alive, some passed away - who planted, painted, protected and nurtured Chicano Park. The birth of the After World War II, the city, with complete disregard for Park is the story of a barrio tragedy transformed into tri- Barrio Logan residents rezoned Barrio Logan to allow the umph. It is the history of the Chicano Mexicano people influx of industry, junkyards, metal shops and other toxic struggling to reclaim our heritage and our right to selfbusinesses incompatible with a residential community. determination. The Park is where our history is enshrined City burrocrats and politicians seemed to care less about in monumental murals. It is where we keep making histo- the predominantly Chicano barrio. ry as we fight to preserve and defend a small piece of AzBy the mid-1960's, the community was bisected by the tlán known as Chicano Park in Barrio Logan, San Diego. construction of Interstate 5, an eight lane freeway that By taking Chicano Park, the "myth" of Aztlán metamortore Barrio Logan in half and displaced many lifelong resiphosed to reality. Aztlán - the southwestern United States dents. A community gathering place, the Church of Our was the ancestral land of the Aztecs. These ancient people Lady of Guadalupe was no longer in the center of the Barmigrated to the Valley of Mexico and founded an empire rio. It now faced a barren asphalt freeway flanked by a 40 whose capital was Tenochitlan, now Mexico City. By claim- foot high cement retaining wall. ing Chicano Park, the descendants of the Aztecs the ChiAccording to Victor Ochoa, a Chicano Park mural coordicano Mexicano people begin a project of historical reclanator from 1974 through 1979, "They threw Interstate 5 in mation. We have returned to Aztlán - our home. the barrio, taking nearly 5000 families out of the barrio."

A Park for the Raza of Logan Heights, Aztlán When the Coronado Bridge, which intersects Interstate 5 in the heart of Logan Heights, was completed in 1969, it In many ways Chicano Park is like any other park. It's left a jungle of concrete pillars where many families had where families gather to have a reunion or a picnic. Where lived. the crisp tempting smell of carne asada floats in the air.

Where the high pitched giggles of chamaquitos and chaThe "Paul Revere" of Chicano Park maquitas reverberate against the cement pillars as they On April 22, 1970, Mario Solis, a student at San Diego City climb, slide and swing on a playground that people strugCollege ditched class and was strolling casually through gled and sweated for. the Barrio Logan in the area below the bridge. He ran into It's a park where youngsters bounce a basketball on the construction crews, equipment, machines and bulldozers. court or challenge each other to a round of handball; Solis asked the construction workers, "what are you going Where couples exchange wedding vows in the Kiosko. to be doing here?"

Where a grandmother - nana - gently pushes a stroller along the walkways to pacify a grinning, gurgling baby.

The crewmen responded that they were "building a parking lot for a Highway Patrol station" Unlike other parks, el Parque Chicano pulsates when trumpeting shells, throbbing drums and percussive rattles Solis was stunned. He told the crew that the people of the proclaim the beginning of a Danza Azteca ceremony. community had other plans. He said, "It'll be a park!" The construction crew cackled and laughed in response. Little Unlike other parks, Chicano Park displays on its monolithdid they know who would have the last laugh. ic pillars, one of the largest assemblages of public murals in North America. These awe inspiring murals are giant Solis rushed back to City College and interrupted a Chicamirrors of our Chicano Mexicano history. no Studies class taught by Gil Robledo. He alerted the students in the class and demanded to know, "...what are you Unlike other parks, Brown Berets fired raised shotguns in guys gonna do?" militant salute while a Mexican flag was raised and waved defiantly during Chicano Park Day ceremonies. And unlike Students and Activists on High Alert other parks, Chicano Park was taken by militant force by a Robledo's students who included Rico Bueno, Josie Talacommunity angered by decades of neglect, ignorance and mantez, David Rico and others "went on red alert," acracism. cording to some of those present. Bueno wrote and printLa Raza Moves to Take the Land ed flyers and directed others to area schools and to surrounding barrios to sound the alarm - that this was the For decades, the Chicano community in Logan Heights had final straw. Bueno, a Vietnam veteran later threw away his thrived as a small, self-reliant neighborhood. Mexicanos

A Brief History of the Takeover service medals in protest against the war at a Chicano Moratorium march.

that the property be donated to the community as a park in which Chicano culture could be expressed through art.

Women, men, children, activists, students, residents the youth, the elderly and entire families gathered at the construction site. At day's end, two to three hundred people had congregated. They evicted the construction crew and seized the land.

"Our community had already been invaded by the junkyards, the factories and a bridge had even been built through our barrio," declared Jose Gomez, "some of us decided it was time to put a stop to the destruction and begin to make this place more livable."

Solis, a Brown Beret, as well as a student, commandeered a bulldozer and ignited and gunned its engine. He begin flattening the land while others planted cactus, plants and trees. The people begin to build a park. Long time barrio residents like Laura Rodriguez brought tortillas, rice, beans and tamales to feed the rebels.

"We are ready to die for the park," Salvador "Queso" Torres, a community artist shouted to a gathering of city and state officials while supporters stamped their feet in rhythm and shouted, "Viva la Raza!"

"What I still remember is that there were bulldozers out there," says Ochoa. "And women and children making human chains around the bulldozers and they stopped the construction work. They actually took over those bulldozers to flatten out the ground, and they started planting nopales and magueys and flowers. And there was a telephone pole there, where the Chicano flag was raised."

Police and Authorities are Stunned According to veteran activist David Rico, current chairman of the Brown Berets de Aztlán, "When the cops showed up during the takeover of the Park, they demanded to know who the leaders were, so we pointed to somebody over there and that somebody would point to somebody else who would then point somebody else - you had a lot of confused cops. We had the system very, very confused."

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The Coronado Bay Bridge was built at the height of the Chicano Movement. There was a great awareness at the time about the militancy that was all to often necessary to attain our rights. The establishment of a California Highway Patrol station under the bridge was a final insult to the people of Barrio Logan, a community that already had many grievances against local police.

The occupation of Chicano Park lasted twelve days. People of all ages worked together to clear the land and plant it. Supporters arrived from all over the state.

Finally an agreement was reached between the Chicano community and the city, which agreed to acquire the site from the state for the development of a community park.

Chicano Power Peaks in San Diego Many of the same activists involved in the takeover of Chicano Park were also central to the occupation and founding of the Chicano Free Clinic (now know as the Logan Heights Family Health Clinic) and the Centro Cultural de la Raza in Balboa Park.

Al Puente, then a San Diego police officer on the Barrio Logan beat, years later divulged that the police department was confused since they had never experienced such an incident before - where an entire community had rebelled. Although Puente had earned a reputation as rough cop in the barrio, years later he related that he warned police against attacking the protesters since many women and children were among those at the site.

The land underneath the bridge was occupied. An unprecedented coalition of barrio residents, students, and community activists, Brown Berets and Raza from barrios throughout San Diego and Aztlán united and confronted the bulldozers and stopped the construction of a Highway Patrol station. At a community meeting that night, activist Jose Gomez stated, "the only way to take that park away is to wade through our blood."

Chicano Park Steering Committee formed On April 23 the Chicano Park Steering Committee was formed to direct the community effort to build a park and confront state and city authorities. Activists demanded

The creation of Chicano Park was a defining moment in Chicano history and in the history of Barrio Logan, as well as the City of San Diego. Respected leader Josie Talamantez, then an 18 year old student at San Diego City College and a resident of Barrio Logan, explained the exaltation of the community in the park takeover: "I was living a block from the site and my family had been very much involved with trying to get a park in this area for a long time. I felt proud. It was the first time that I had seen Jose's (Gomez) mother and my mother and the little kids and a lot of the people in between all working together."

One of the park's original muralists Mario Torero, linked the Park to Chicano identity: "We can't think of Chicanos in San Diego without thinking of Chicano Park. It is the main evidence, the open book of our culture, energy and determination as a people."

Ramon "Chunky" Sanchez, composer and singer of the rousing anthem "Chicano Park Samba," said, "There's an energy there that's hard to describe - when you see your people struggling for something positive, it's very inspir-

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

A Brief History of the Takeover ing. The park was brought about by sacrifice and it demonstrates what a community can do when they stick together and make it happen."

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was a foregone conclusion and the murals would be inevitably destroyed. They wanted to press CalTrans for their pet projects in exchange. This "committee" began holding forums at the Barrio Station. When the Chicano Park Ernesto Bustillos, another veteran activist termed Chicano Steering Committee found out about this "movida," mural Park, "A Liberated Zone," where Raza from all walks of supporters rallied to the forums and challenged Cal Trans life, students, barrio residents and activists joined forces and their proposals. The Right Directions committee disto retake our land. Chicano Park has provided us with the solved itself in the face of community opposition to the freedom to practice and express our ideas, our culture retrofit. and our traditions. In short, the struggle for Chicano Park has become symbolic of our Raza's struggle for selfAfter many militant marches, press conferences and nedetermination, our right to Aztlán and who we are as an gotiating sessions with Cal Trans, they relented and under indigenous people. the advise of professional engineers found a method of retrofitting the pillars that spared the murals. This retrofit A Never Ending Story work continues to this day, while the Chicano Park SteerThere is no end to the story of Chicano Park. It is a living ing Committee is the watchdog of the construction. history. As long as Raza take responsibility to preserve Even in the Quietest Moments and defend the park and Barrio Logan, it will survive and thrive. Since the reclamation of the land, there have been Then there are the meditative moments in Chicano Park many difficult and exhausting struggles to preserve and when the din of the traffic evaporates and you're alone defend the park. We highlight a few: facing the monoliths of history - prisms reflecting our lives, our history, and our struggle.

Grand Jury Attacks It's our church, where we reflect on the spirit of those who The battles included the San Diego County Grand Jury's so struggled to create and preserve the Park. called "investigation" into Chicano Park Steering Committee which resulted in the evacuation of the Park building It is our school, where we learn our story - our history by the Chicano Federation in 1979. The Chicano Park written, painted and told by us for generations to come.

Steering Committee has been homeless since, but holds It's also during these contemplative moments when Chimeetings throughout the community and is open to anyone cano Park becomes the paramount icon of our Raza's aswho wants to be involved. piration to control something meaningful in our lives Building the Kiosko Chicano Park symbolizes our sacred right to selfdetermination.

The construction of the Kiosko (1972-77) went through a maze of San Diego City burrocratic red tape. After years of References: meetings the project was hijacked and funding withheld by 1) Historic Resource Evaluation Report for the SDso called city council representative Jess Haro. Haro Coronado Bay Bridge, Chicano Park and the Chicano wanted a "Spanish style" architecture for the kiosko."

Park Murals, Jim Fisher, staff historian/planner; 1996 When finally confronted at a community meeting, Haro 2) Made in Aztlán, Centro Cultural de la Raza, fifteenth backed off. The Kiosko was dedicated in 1977. anniversary exhibition catalog; Philip Brookman and All the Way to the Bay Guillermo Gomez -Peña, editors; 1986 3) Chicano Park Day programs, 18th, 20th and 27th The "All the Way to the Bay" (1970-88) campaign spearanniversary editions; 1978, 1980, 1998 headed by Ronnie Trujillo of the CPSC asserted the right of 4) San Diego Union Tribune, 1995,1996, 1997.

Barrio Logan residents to have the only access to the bay and to extend Chicano Park all the way to the waterfront.

Activists challenged the San Diego Port District and other agencies from San Diego to Sacramento. Ground was broken for the bay park in 1987 and the park completed in 1990.

The Murals and the Retrofit In the mid-1990's, Cal Trans, the agency responsible for the San Diego Coronado Bay Bridge, proposed an earthquake safety bridge retrofit plan that would've destroyed the Chicano Park murals. In response certain community "representatives" formed the "Right Directions Committee" to squeeze Cal Trans for "mitigation money."

The Right Directions Committee assumed that the retrofit

Chicano Park 1970-2010: 40 AÑOS

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Chicano Park 1970-2010: 40 AÑOS

by Ramon “Chunky” Sanchez

(reprinted from 40th Chicano Park Day program)

On a beautiful spring afternoon…. April 22, 1970, to be exact, there was a Chicano barrio, in San Diego California, that was inspired and motivated to make that blind leap into eternity that would become a legacy in Chicano history. This was a legacy that was fueled by the social and political movements of the 60’s: five political assassinations of John Kennedy, Malcolm X, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Robert Kennedy, and L.A. Times reporter Ruben Salazar; the Vietnam War, the public school walkouts of 1968 led by the Brown Berets, the Black Panthers and the Puerto Rican Young Lords taking their banners to the streets of America. Something was obviously wrong, and people everywhere were determined to do something about it. At that particular time in history, words were blown away by the wind-and actions were what counted.

In the city of San Diego, countless families had been displaced from their homes alongside Interstate 5 from San Diego to the Tijuana Border. Very soon after that, many more homes and families in Barrio Logan were displaced by the building of the Coronado Bay Bridge. The thriving tuna cannery waterfront industries began to diminish as San Diego officials told the community that all this was for the betterment and progress of San Diego. This was a difficult reality to accept as people lost their homes and their jobs and were forced to relocate from the sacred land where their roots were entrenched for decades.

The community at this time in history felt there was a need for a community park.

In an effort to quell down the cries for justice and a park, city officials promised that eventually there would be a park in the area. Not quite so! When Mario Solis was walking by the barren land and saw two tractors grading under the bridge, he stopped one of them and asked are you grading for a park? The tractor driver quickly replied that no, they were grading for a Highway Patrol substation, not a park. Mario quickly took the news to City College MECha, and the word spread like wildfire amongst Chicano activists, students, and the community. Chicanos throughout the community mobilized on April 22, 1970. The people walked on the barren land with their picks and their shovels and took it over to declare it for use as a community park.

Chicano Park has been an educational lesson, a historical lesson, a political lesson, a social lesson and a lesson in heritage. It has taught many of us the art of community organizing, dealing with political bureaucracies, and making the best out of while working with limited resources. We have learned that if you want to accomplish something in life, you must be committed, consistent,

and determined to your cause. As Chicanos we refer to this commitment as “la causa”. Chicano Park was la causa for Barrio Logan on April 22, 1970. The community was focused on the reality and necessity for a park in the limited barren earth that was left after the intrusion of Interstate 5 and the Coronado Bridge through what was once a thriving, vital community. The mural projects on the cold ugly pillars gave life and energy to the inspirations of community residents that may have been on the verge of giving up. We began to seek and find deep-rooted identities that gave us hope, courage and strength to defend our presence and existence on this earth. The formation of the Chicano Park Steering Committee was equivalent to the formation of an indigenous tribal council to oversee their people, their land, and their cultural existence. For forty years, this committee has functioned with community members from all walks of life that have been dedicated to the “labor of love” for a small park that has symbolized the importance of struggle and sacrifice for the betterment of humanity and respect for others. Members have come and gone and to this day, there are, and have been, many supporters of the cause of Chicano Park. On this 40th anniversary the Chicano Park Steering Committee extends a deep sincere thank you to everyone that has been touched by the spirit of Chicano Park. To all the musicians, danzantes, folklóricos, poets, artists, voladores, lowriders, seniors, and children, we thank you for 40 years of love and support.

Barrio Logan and Chicano Park may well be the last stronghold in San Diego, and for that matter, in Aztlán.

The last stronghold where memories of Zapata, Villa, Geronimo, Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, Morales, Hidalgo, Corky Gonzales, Cesar Chavez, la Adelita, La Valentina and countless more revolutionaries motivated only by acts of love for the struggle and suffering of their people and tribe.

The Chicano Park Steering Committee welcomes everyone to the 40th anniversary of Chicano Park.

In the words of José Elijio Gomez, the first chairman of the CPSC, “Chicano Park is not a big park, but it’s our park, and in our style” AQUI ESTAMOS, Y NO NOS VAMOS! QUE VIVA CHICANO PARK!

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Chicano Park 1970-2010: 40 AÑOS

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Chicano Park 1970-2010: 40 AÑOS

by Ramón “Chunky” San chez ; traducción de Carlos Martell (reprinted from 40th Chicano Park Day program)

Una hermosa tarde primaveral…abril 22, 1970, para ser exacto, había un barrio Chicano en San Diego California, que se inspiró y se motivó a tomar el gran salto a la eternidad que se convertiría para siempre en un legado histórico en la historia chicana. Este fue un legado fomentado por los movimientos sociales y políticos de los años 60… cinco asesinatos políticos: John F. Kennedy, Malcolm X, Dr. Martín Luther King Jr., Robert F. Kennedy, y el reportero de Los Ángeles Times, Rubén Salazar. La guerra de Vietnam, las protestas estudiantiles del 68 en California, dirigidas por los Brown Berets, el movimiento de las Panteras Negras y los Puerto Rican Young Lords, llevaban sus banderas a las calles de América. Algo estaba obviamente mal, y la gente común por todas partes estaba determinada en hacer algo.

En ese momento histórico, las palabras se las llevaba el viento…y las acciones eran lo único que importaba.

En la ciudad de San Diego, numerosas familias habían sido desplazadas de sus casas por el “Interstate 5”, desde el centro de San Diego hasta la frontera con Tijuana. Muy pronto después, muchos más hogares y familias del Barrio Logan fueron desplazadas por la construcción del puente a Coronado. La floreciente industria pesquera del atún empezó a desaparecer, mientras los oficiales de la ciudad de San Diego le decían a la comunidad que todo esto era para el bien y el progreso de la ciudad.

Este fue un concepto difícil de aceptar para la gente que había perdido sus hogares y sus trabajos, y ahora estaban forzados a mudarse de la tierra sagrada en donde habían atrincherado y desarrollado sus raíces por décadas. La comunidad en este momento sintió que se necesitaba un parque comunitario. En un esfuerzo por callar las demandas de justicia y de un parque, la Ciudad prometió que eventualmente habría uno. ¡Pero esto no sucedió así! Cuando Mario Solís estaba caminando por aquel terreno baldío y vio a dos tractores nivelando la tierra debajo del puente, el joven le preguntó a un conductor, “¿Estas preparando la tierra para un parque?”, y el conductor le respondió que no, “estamos preparando la tierra para una estación de la Patrulla de Caminos, no un parque”, Mario rápidamente fue con esta noticia al grupo MECha del City College, y la noticia se divulgó como fuego entre los activistas chicanos y estudiantes. En todos los niveles de la comunidad, Chicanos empezaron a movilizarse, y el 22 de abril de 1970, la gente caminó al terreno baldío con sus picos y sus palas, y tomó el terreno declarándolo de uso comunitario.

El Parque Chicano ha sido una lección educacional, una lección histórica, una lección política, una lección social y una lección sobre nuestra herencia. Nos ha ense-

ñado a muchos de nosotros el arte de la organización comunitaria, tratando con burocracias políticas, y aprender a cómo ser eficientes con recursos limitados. Hemos aprendido que si uno quiere lograr algo en la vida, uno tiene que tener compromiso, ser consistente, y estar determinado en llevar acabo su causa. Como Chicanos nos referimos a este compromiso, como “La Causa”. El Parque Chicano fue “La Causa” del Barrio Logan aquel abril 22 de 1970. La comunidad estaba enfocada en la realidad y en la necesidad de tener un parque en el espacio limitado que quedó después de las invasiones del Interstate 5 y del Puente Coronado, en donde una vez hubo una floreciente comunidad cultural. El proyecto de los murales en los pilares feo y fríos le dieron vida y energía a la comunidad de residentes, que tal vez hubieran llegado al borde de la derrota. Empezamos a buscar y a encontrar identidades con profundas raíces que nos dieron esperanza, valor y fuerza, para defender nuestra presencia y existencia en esta tierra. La formación del Comité Directivo del Parque Chicano fue el equivalente a la formación de un consejo tribal indígena que velara por su pueblo, por su tierra y por su existencia cultural. Durante cuarenta años, este comité ha trabajado con todo tipo de miembros de la comunidad que se han dedicado al “trabajo amoroso” del Parque, el cual ha simbolizado la importancia de la lucha y el sacrificio para el mejoramiento de la humanidad y el respeto de otros. Miembros han ido y venido, pero hasta este día, ha habido muchas personas que han apoyado la causa del Parque Chicano. En este 40o Aniversario el Comité Directivo les extiende un sincero agradecimiento a todos los que han sido conmovidos por el espíritu del Parque Chicano. A todos los músicos, danzantes, folkloristas, poetas, artistas, voladores, lowriders, a los mayores y a los niños, les damos las gracias por 40 años de amor y apoyo.

El Barrio Logan y el Parque Chicano, tal vez sean los últimos bastiones Chicanos en San Diego, o tal vez en todo Aztlán. Este es el último bastión donde la memoria de Zapata, Villa, Geronimo-Goyakla, Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, Morales, Hidalgo, Corky Gonzales, César Chávez, La Adelita, La Valentina, y otros incontables revolucionarios motivados solamente por actos de amor para llevar acabo la lucha por, y el sufrimiento, de sus pueblos y sus tribus. El Comité Directivo del Parque Chicano les da la bienvenida a todos, al 40 o aniversario del Parque Chicano.

En las palabras de José Elijio Gomez, el primer director del Comité Directivo,

“El Parque Chicano no es un parque muy grande, pero es nuestro parque, y en nuestro estilo” ¡AQUÍ ESTAMOS, Y NO NOS VAMOS! ¡QUÉ VIVA El PARQUE CHICANO!

Memories of Chicano Park Origins

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Memories of Logan Heights and the Chicano Park Takeover

by Josephine S. Talamantez

(reprinted from 44th Chicano Park Day program)

It is a difficult task to discuss the “Take-Over” of Chicano Park without acknowledging the history of Logan Heights, its residents, and the current day politics of the Barrio.

The first peoples in Logan were the Kumeyaay.

They migrated between the mountains and a low land village located where the 32nd Street Naval Terminal is currently located. Raza in the area date back to the late 1800’s, although Spanish and Mexican arrivals in the San Diego region date back to 1700’s and the first Spanish expedition lead by the Portuguese explorer Juan Cabrillo was in the 1500’s.

Logan Heights was the first land development and the oldest neighborhood in San Diego, established in the 1880’s. The geography of the streets is strategically designed at an angle to provide the most spectacular view of the San Diego bay. The streets are named after US military war Generals/personnel and today includes one of our most cherished heroes, Cesar Chavez.

By the 1900’s the railroad and the automotive industry paved the way for further real estate development, Anglo residents of Logan Heights began to take flight to the newer developing suburbs. “Logan Heights due to its proximity to the fishing and lumber industries and discriminatory housing covenants became the home to San Diego’s Mexican and Negro citizens.” In other words, we were not allowed to live anywhere else.

By the 1950’s and 1960’s the neighborhood had become extremely neglected by the City of San Diego. It had been re-zoned to include industry and set the stage for the invasion of auto dismantlers and other toxic businesses setting up shop next to homes and schools. Eminent domain policies were instituted to take property from residents in preparation for the construction of Interstate 5 and the San Diego-Coronado Bay Bridge. Jose Eligio Gomez, Co-founder of Chicano Park, was quoted as saying “… we are just viewed as people who haven’t gotten out of the way of the freeways, bridges, junkyards and other industries…”

Today again Logan Heights is faced with annihilation, this time by the Maritime industry. The last remaining historic section of Barrio Logan—a nine-block area from Evans to 28th Street and from Newton Street to Main Street—is the target of their desire (the area just south of Chicano Park.) The nine blocks are identified, in the Barrio Logan Community Plan, as a buffer zone between heavy industry and community residents to protect the residents against toxic pollutants emitted into the air from Maritime industries.

After a five-year democratic process that included residents and industry representatives, facilitated by the San Diego City Planning department, the Barrio Logan Community Plan was approved by the San Diego City Council on September 17, 2013. The Maritime Industries, including one Foreign owned company, are dictating the

fate of a Community Plan. At the last hour they suddenly decided they did not want the buffer zone. They paid to gather signatures to have the City approved plan overturned by a referendum. With their extensive resources they hired signature gathers to lie to San Diego residents stating that Maritime industry jobs would be loss and the Navy would move out of San Diego if the nine blocks identified in the Barrio Logan Community Plan were allocated as a buffer zone. In June 2014 the issued will be placed on the ballot for the residents of the entire City of San Diego to vote to overturn the San Diego City Council approved Barrio Logan Community Plan.

As a young person growing up in Logan Heights, I did not have to leave my Barrio. My mother walked to work—at the last remaining fish cannery in San Diego, one of my brothers worked as a longshoreman on the docs, while another brother attended San Diego City College— all except my oldest brother and father, all of my immediate family members worked and lived within a radius of a couple of miles. Logan Heights was a self contained neighborhood, with our own cinemas, panaderías, tortillerías, carnecerías, churches, restaurants, dance halls, cantinas, and the beloved Neighborhood House where I took dance classes from Sr. Alberto Flores, attended cultural events with my parents and played with my friends from school. The Neighborhood House, now recognized as the Logan Heights Family Health Center, located at 1809 National Ave. was our community cultural, recreational and social service center.

With the intrusion of Interstate 5 and the San Diego-Coronado Bay Bridge we lost many friends and relatives with the mandatory eminent domain policy that allowed the City/State to take homes and force people out of the area. Not understanding our power as a community many of us thought that was just the way it was and that we had no voice in the matter. In retrospection after all these years I now understand that it was, and continues to be, the strategy of government in conjunction with corporate industry to target low-income minority community’s to do whatever they want because they assume we have no voice. That was, of course, until the powers that be decided to place a police station in the middle of our neighborhood. That definitely was the “tipping point” that turned things around for the Chicano community of San Diego.

And yet here we are again with the encroachment by private industry and government in Barrio Logan as San Diego discusses the enlargement of the Convention Center, the development of a new sports stadium complex for the Chargers, and a referendum to overturn the Barrio Logan Community Plan.

Remembering the “Take-Over” of Chicano Park, I reflect on the neglect, disrespect and racism that my community has endured during my lifetime and before—during my parents, my grandparents and my great-grandparents

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Memories of Chicano Park Origins life in Logan Heights. I arrive in memory to Valentine’s weekend 1970, it was my second semester at San Diego City College, I was a member of Movimiento Estudiantil Chicanos en Aztlán (MEChA), working part time for the school newspaper and was about to become engaged to my high school sweetheart, who was returning home from military boot camp. MEChA had organized a two-day conference regarding social and political issues facing our community. During the conference we decided it was important that we make a statement about who we were— Chicanos in Aztlán—so we raised the flag of Aztlán (recognizing the mestizaje of La Raza Cósmica, the face of the Chicano/Mestizo in the center, the profile of the Indio on one side, and the profile of the Spaniard on the other side.) For me that was the defining moment in time and the precursor to my involvement in the founding of Chicano Park and the Chicano Park Steering Committee.

Needless to say we were in trouble with the school administration. The late Dr. Phil Del Campo was sent in to negotiate with us. I remember not being frightened by the school administration, but being really worried about what my mother was going say to me. From that moment in time I, a Chicana/Yaqui, made a conscious decision to stand up in the fight for self-determination and for the betterment of the community.

On April 22, 1970 I was a student in Professor Gil Robledo’s Chicano Studies class at San Diego City College when in comes Mario Solis, a long time community resident and activist. The class was made up of many Logan Heights residents, as well as Chicano veterans returning from Viet Nam. Mario was outraged because he had just passed the current site of the Chicano Park and had been told by the workers leveling the land that the site was being developed for a California Highway Patrol station and parking lot. Many of us in the class were aware that Logan Heights had been promised a local community park to maintain a semblance of community; this action was a particular affront.

As residents of Logan Heights, our anger flared and our professor assigned the class to investigate the situation and to report back. That was the first day of the twelve-day land occupation that became Chicano Park.

Upon arrival at the site we instinctively surrounded the bulldozers to halt the work. At that point we were determined to defend our Barrio from the invasion of police who had a reputation of tormenting and antagonizing our community. It also began the first day of long meetings to negotiate the site.

On April 22, 1970 (the launching of National Earth Day) many of us were prepared to go to jail in defense of the land. It was the first act of the now recognized environmental movement, as well as, a crucial moment between the Chicano community and the City of San Diego and the State of California—we were determined to create a park for the community at all costs. That evening we gathered at the Sra. Gomez’ home, located at 2240 Newton Avenue, to discuss the occupation of the land. That meeting gave birth to the Chicano Park Steering Committee, stewards of

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Chicano Park. We knew we needed to organize ourselves into a body that could negotiate and collectively determine the strategies for successfully obtaining the land for our park—Chicano Park. Many were gathered that night including Jose E. Gomez, Adrian Gomez, Diane Armenta, Rico Bueno, Pat Salazar, Mike Nava, Mario Solis and Ralph Gomez.

As the occupation continued there were many threats coming from many different directions. We held ourselves steadfast in the occupation. Many others joined including other college/university students, area high school students, residents from the area and beyond and sympa-thizers from throughout the state and southwestern United States. We began to work on the land ourselves. Delia Cacho, a student at San Diego, loaned us picks, shovels and a tractor from her familia’s farm in Otay Mesa so that we could create our own park.

The occupation of the land lasted 12 days. During those days and beyond there were endless meetings with City and other types of officials promising many different solutions that mostly turned out to be lies. The Chicano Park Steering Committee maintained a collective effort to resolve solutions. We grew exponentially in numbers as many community members joined to lend their talents to obtain the goal of solidifying our demands to secure the land for the creation of the park and to once again gain bay access for the residents of Logan Heights.

Through our collective effort, we organized based on our strengths, we were strategists, official negotiators, litigators, farmers, students, community organizers, artists and cultural workers, social workers, cannery workers, longshoremen/women, maritime workers, blue collar, white collar and domestic workers, border crossers and transnational workers, clergy members, homemakers and mystics and some of us were derelict dogs—using the words of the late Maestro Jose Montoya, and on and on and on, but all of us were prepared to die, if necessary, in defense of the land for Chicano Park.

Chicano Park set in motion a collective effort to fulfill our destiny’s to take back our community. After the “Take-Over” of Chicano Park, we simultaneously orchestrated and participate in many more activities reflective of the times associated with the Chicano Civil Rights era. We caravanned and participated in the infamous August 29 th Chicano Moratorium in East Los Angeles, we organized food drives for the hungry in our communities and book drives for inmates within California State Prison systems to name just a few. In the fall of 1970 we occupied and secured the Neighborhood House to return services back to the residents of Logan Heights and some of us also occupied the Ford Building in Balboa Park as the first Chicano Cultural Center. And the memories continue on and on and on.

El Es Dios!

————————————————————————–— 1. Leroy E. Harris, The Other Side of the Freeway: A Study of Settlement Patterns of Negroes and Mexican Americans in San Diego, California (Doctor of Arts dis-

Memories of Chicano Park Origins

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sertation, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1974), pp. 165serious looks in their eyes that signified self determina180. Alvena Suhl, The Historical Geography of San Die- tion and a community pride that reflected the history of go County. (M.A. Thesis, University of California, our people.

Berkeley, 1927) P70.

It was these feelings that were the battle cry of a 2. Barrio Logan has the highest asthma rates in the en- Barrio that succeeded in obtaining the land for a commutire City. According to the California Environmental nity park. I was only eighteen at the time but I quickly Protection Agency San Diego has the highest asthma caught that fever of struggle that everybody had. It took rate in the State. By de facto Barrio Logan has the many meetings with Big Headed politicians before the land highest asthma rate in California. was finally declared for park usage. To make a long story 3. Pay close attention to the language in the referendum short, we are celebrating 44 years of Existence under to ensure that it supports the 9/17/13 approved Barrio that bridge, that was beautified by community artists.

Logan Community Plan Today I walk through the park and remember the many 4. First Settlement House west of the Mississippi, estab- Chicano Park Steering Committee members that have lished in the 1920’s. It was first founded as the Wom- passed away and left a legacy for many of us to rememen’s College Club in 1914 as charitable organization ber. Members like Joe Gomez, Ron Trujillo, Charlene Vaand later transitioned into the Neighborhood House. lencia, Marco Anguiano, Alex Gonzales, Mario Solis, Sue 5. For deeper understanding of community planning and Talamantez, Ralph Gomez, Tony De Vargas, Michael development in Chicano neighborhoods refer to Schnorr, Jose Montoya, Vidal Aguirre, Cesar Barajas, Raul “Barrio Urbanism Chicanos, Planning, and American Portillo dedicated to educate all young people the imCities” by David R. Diaz. In one section I find particuportance to carry the flag forward in the name of our larly interesting he states, “Throughout the Southwest, community and the Chicano Movement. In the words of urban Barrios proved to be the location of choice for Jośe Gomez, “if the opposition wants to take this park, the urban elites who decided where highway routes they will have to wade through our blood”. May the park would be located. Without representation, Barrios continue to thrive as long as there are people that are were effectively attacked by state transportation dewilling to sacrifice for it. Adelante Raza! partments, who had support from the federal highway administration…”

Angie Avila: 6. Needless to say, my boyfriend and I parted ways that In April 1970, I promised Jose Elijo Gomez to return and weekend due to a conflict of political and ideological help him with Chicano Park. By August 1970, Laura Rodridifferences guez has briefed my mother Consuelo Avila (retired can7. March 2013 the Chicano Park Steering Committee nery worker) regarding Chicano Park. agreed to become a Regional Park so long as they

By September plans were made to take over the maintained their role as Stewards of Chicano Park.

Neighborhood House, (site of the current Family Health This was agreed upon by Stacy LoMedico, Director of Center). From then on, Jose and I were linked as activists San Diego Parks and Recreation at that Chicano Park for both grassroots liberations.

Steering Committee March 2013 meeting and again in a follow-up letter dated March 27, 2013 Rico Bueno: 8. As per conversation with Diane Bolivar Armenta As I give my views and perspective on Chicano Park, I 3/8/14. I apologize if anyone has inadvertently left an- would like to say first of all that I am proud to be able to yone out, but from my recollection those are whom we say that I had something to do with the Park. As one of the both remembered. co-founders and one of the people who fought for the 9. Bay access took the 17 years to accomplish by the Park, I was honored when Jose Gomez became the first Chicano Park Steering Committee through numerous chairman of the Chicano Park Steering Committee and meetings and negotiations was one of the first leaders of what would become the 10. Artists, Poet, Cultural Activist, Educator and General committee. I would be chosen by him and voted by the of the Royal Chicano Air Force (1932-2013) committee to be the second chairman of the Chicano Park 11. The Ford Building was eventually renegotiated and Steering Committee back in 1972. exchanged for the Water Tower by the Toltecas En The Committee still thrives more than four decAztlan and became El Centro Cultural de La Raza. ades later and does a great job of something that is not easy. Tommie Camarillo has my support and admiration Chunky Sanchez: along with the rest of the committee who continue to work When I arrived at the land under the Bridge, I was a hard on the celebrations each year and the many meetmember of MEChA at SDSU. Upon getting off the car I no- ings and politics that go on each day dealing with Chicano ticed community people from all walks of life lined up with Park. their arms locked and ready to walk across the street on I just hope that we remember all the other people to the Park Land to stop the bulldozers and begin to plant who are no longer with us, but were some of the first their symbolic greenery to let the city fathers know that community residents to take on the fight for a park. there was a dire need for a Park in that Barrio. People had Also there is a history of the park and how it came about

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Memories of Chicano Park Origins that many of the recent generations have no idea of.

Briefly I came into the struggle for the Park in the summer of 1969 when I was told that some of the residents had asked the city for a park in the neighborhood to give the children a place to play since the neighborhood had become a cement jungle. At first the city said they would grant the request and put a park there for the community.

Then came slap in the face number one when they lied to us. One of the activists who had been working on getting the park, Mario Solis, happened to walk by where he noticed bulldozers tractors and other equipment and thought they were finally building the park. But he was told by one of the workers that they were getting the place ready for a California Highway Patrol Office. Mario right away went to let someone know, which was Gilbert Robledo who at the time was teaching Sociology class at San Diego City College and where most of us who had been working on getting the park were students.

We contacted some of the main community residents who were involved, many of them from the Logan Heights Senior Citizens group and members of our committee which had members from various high schools in the area and all the colleges mostly through the MEChA. Then we started a picket and protest on the land to try and stop the work going on.

We later found out the city had sold the land to the state so that they would not have to deal with us. When we found this out, some of those at the protest decided to lay their bodies in from of the tractors and machinery in protest. This stopped things for a while. But with all this going on, it brought the media in. Every TV station and San Diego newspapers showed up when things got hot.

Things got so hot that they sent the main man from the California Highway Patrol to meet with us. The meeting was held at the Neighborhood House and was led by Jose Gomez meeting face to face with the CHP Commander. It seemed that the CHP had no intentions of moving out or changing their plans and Jose Gomez then told him and the CHP that the community would fight and not give up and was also quoted by the press “You will have to wade in our blood.”

Then everyone walked back to the park and continued to protest and picket. Then came another slap in the face. We had been told that the city and state had met and that we would have our park. We were all happy because we figured we had a victory. But days later many of us noticed they still kept working on the CHP building and were bringing in lots of equipment. We looked into the windows and inside it had desks and literature on the wall saying California Highway Patrol. So they lied to us again.

We met again to do something and it would have to be a stronger action. We decided to get the high schools involved. We made hundreds of flyers and put them in

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most all of the area schools. It would be San Diego High, Lincoln High, Hoover High and a couple of others, even including Memorial Junior High which wanted to be involved. All the representatives of the colleges were aware and involved n this. At noon in the high schools, someone was designated to ring the firebell. It all went off as planned and many of the volunteers and college students who had vans or vehicles gave rides to many of the students with many picketers handing out flyers, asking students to walk out in protest of what was going on with the land that would become Chicano Park. Many had been informed already.

This really brought out the media in full force again and it was such big news. The city and state were somewhat embarrassed after we made a statement as to why this civil disobedience had to take place to bring attention to the issue of the park. The right after, city representatives met with us and said ok, we will work with you and make a promise this time. The problem was that the state did not want to go along with it and they very adamantly told us the California Highway Patrol building was going to open the following week and that was that. After all the lies, and because of our low income neighborhood and because of our color, they figured they could disrespect us and figured we were dumb enough to take it. But little would they know how bad they would look.

We came up with another plan and figured it would probably be the last one so it would have to be major. Only a small group of the members of the Committee met because we did not want to get others involved and in trouble. Our plan was carried out. About a dozen of us (and there would be more if something was to happen to us) went into the building of what would be the CHP building. We nailed the doors shut and simply took over the building. The building was already equipped with dozens of phones, several cells and lots of other stuff. We knew what we would be getting into and we were ready to take whatever it was that was coming.

They wanted to come in and break down the doors and even had CHP up on top of the bridge. The ramp that goes over the building. But we were surprised. We started getting lots of community support not only from our neighborhood, but other neighborhoods. I remember the Cortez and Gonzalez family, who had been one of the early residents to fight for the park, would bring us tacos, burritos, and other food to eat while we were in the building. They would give it to us through a window that we would open. And even Father Juan Hurtado would come by when he could and give Mass.

Of course this was too much for the state and the city. So the way I look at it being either as my perspective or personal view, Chicano Park is not just a park. It is a ‘Symbolic Monument.’ A monument because on that land is the sweat, the beliefs, the inspiration and the memories of

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Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

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Chicano Park Vive!

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The Turning Wheel Project, Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center, Chicano Park Steering Committee, and The San Diego Foundation invited the community to "Chicano Park Vive! Healing, Educating, and Leading" in the summer of 2021. Events took place from June to August 2021 at Chicano Park to honor our community with resources, youth engaging activities,

WiFi, music, and more. Family events over the summer included: "Open House" Chicano Park Open House & Community Resource Fair; "Lowriders" hydraulics demo, activities, art and history exhibit, and music by DJ Mafondo; "Danza" Danza Azteca- Chichimeca platica, photography exhibit inside The Turning Wheel Bus, live danza, free books, and art exhibit ; "Anastasio Hernández Rojas Mural" honoring Anastasio Hernandez Rojas & family, healing through art. The event took place in the Placita and included a chalk workshop with Victor Ochoa, an art exhibit/sale, youth activities, and free youth lunches; "Música" Day of music at the Kiosco Chicano Park Vive also included the Chicano Park Scholarship open to all youth in grades K-12. Entrants submitted essays, poetry, or visual art after attending at least three of the six events. Prizes included laptops, money, bikes, books, school supplies and more.

Chicano Park Vive! returned in summer of 2022 The Chicano Park Steering Committee, Turning Wheel Project, and Chicano Park Museum and Cultural Center hosted a second summer of Chicano Park Vive, and a second Chicano Park Scholarship.

Thanks to the San Diego Foundation, the volunteers, particiPhotos by Valerie Jaimes pants, and all the community who joined us for Mujeres de la Revolución, Danza Mexicayotl and local danza community ceremony, Mochilatón/Backpack Giveaway (CPSC, CPMCC, TW, & Raza Services Collective), and Youth Day, the final event that featured Aztlan Bike Club, art activities, free food, free books, storytime with San Diego Libros, music by Carnalismo, Mariachi Torres, La Orquesta Mágica, and Chicano Park Scholarship ceremony.

Luna Carpio, Izel Garcia, Valerie Ruiz, Rogelio 'Roger' Perez, and Pedro Joaquin Esquivias Aguayo were awarded laptops and Jacqueline De Anda received top cash prize for her prose submission. Thank you to all the Chicano Park Scholarship participants for their creative and thoughtprovoking submissions.

Mil gracias to Valerie Jaimes for overseeing the Chicano Park Vive events!

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

Chicano Park Day Pozolada Fundraiser

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Thank you to Margie and Victor Cordero for their hospitality.

Thank you for the people that donated items for the raffle and the dessert table: Joni Nuñez and Alexa, Bea Zamora, Linda Adame, Toñis Manriquez, Gio - MexArte, Ricardo Islas, CPSC, Aztlán Libre, Dr. Alberto Pulido, Joseph and McKenzie Griffin, Delicho's Catering, Annie Ross, Chicano Park Museum & Cultural Center, Erick de la Rosa Special thanks to the following people for that generous donations: Amigos Car Club, Roger and Norma Cazares, Hee-Jin Peterson, Lisi Martinez Manriquez, Josie Talamantez Thank you to the volunteers for setting up and kitchen: Irma Zamora and Laura, Lisi Martinez Manriquez, Toñis Manriquez, Lupe Velez Manriquez and Jose Rodriguez, Edna Chavez, Linda Muñoz, Bea Zamora

Chicano Park Day Art Fundraiser Thank you to Chicano Art Gallery, Cesar Castañeda, Erick De La Rosa (Sholove), and Jessica Petrokowski for organizing the Ninth Annual Chicano Park Day Art Fundraiser hosted at Galeria Mestizaje.

Contributing artists included Rob Benavides, Selina Calvo, Berenice Badillo, Betty Bangs, Sandra Carmona, German Corrales, Gregory Laguna, Chikle, Carmen Linares Kalo, Karina Velasco, Deisy Martinez, Andrea, Cesar Castañeda, Jessica Petrikowski, Melipona, Sholove, Adrian Castañeda, Adan Castañeda, La Spooks, Patricia Cruz, Valerie Selina Calvo Jessica Petrikowski Rob Benavides Jaime, Ana Maria Herrera, Jennifer Clay, Llorona Zepeda, Angel Cruz, Sofia Silvia, German Corrales Vanessa Guerra Christina Castañeda, David Rico Jr., Joni Sandra Carmona Nunez, Mex Art, Strive, Bea Zamora, Gregory Lina, Familia Monrreal, Alejandro Morales Riveron, Joe Hernandez, DJ Kutz.

Poster art by Jessica Petrikowski.

Cesar Castaneda

Sholove

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Thank you for everything you’ve done, Tommie Camarillo!

— The LeBlanc Family

Happy Chicano Park Day! From Joe Le Blanc and Sandra Delgado

Thank you to Alberto Pulido, tour coordinator for Chicano Park and to all the volunteer tour guides that share their knowledge and love of our beloved parque with school kids, conference attendees, community members, and any and all who want to learn about Chicano Park.

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

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Congrats on Chicano Park’s 53rd Celebration!

Help Keep Our Park Clean Volunteer with the Jose Gomez Brigade

Visit the Chicano Park Steering Committee Booth for info

Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire

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The Chicano Park Steering Committee would like to thank all the performers, and volunteers who have contributed time, resources, funds, and skills to make the 53rd Chicano Park Day a great community event!

MUCHISIMAS GRACIAS!

Recent Murals

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Amigos Car Club

Brown Image

Anastasio Hernandez Rojas

Carmen Linares Kalo, Kumeyaay Creation Story Photo: Tamara Ikenberg.

Kumeyaay Princess Gone Too Soon

Kumeyaay Creation Story Chicano Park Day 53: Kindling the New Fire