Student project:Urban landscape design

Urban Landscape Design - Bio-diversity System Design

University of Strathclyde Department of Architecture Cheng. Tan 201578986 Chong Kar Kun 201669909

1

CONTENTS Chapter 1

Background 5A research 03 - 13 This chapter explores what was explained in semester 1 (5A) research.

It explores the theme of cohabitation in Paisley in terms of exisiting site analysis and it’s biocommunity.

Chapter 2 Urban Landscape Analysis 15 - 21 This chapter investigates into a specific site in Paisley. It analyse the urban components and its relationship.

Chapter 3

Urban Landscape Design 22 - 27 The chapter finale explains the newly proposed system. This proposition is based on the problems that was analysed in the existing site.

2

01 04 05 08 12 13

Paisley: An Urban Sprawl Study of Urban Fabric Bio-inhabitants Study UK Food Waste Analysis 5B Brief

3

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

4

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

A Town of Bio-Community

Cohabitation

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

A Study Into The Town of Paisley

ǡ ϐ understand the urban town fabric. This important as understanding the urban realm means uncovering the delieation point for ‘nature vs city’, the starting point where wildlife starts to thrive and adapt to urban settings.

Paisley : Urban Blocks Source - Digimaps (2016 )

Paisley : Water Sources Source - Digimaps (2016 )

Paisley : Industrial Areas Source - Digimaps (2016 )

5

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

A Town of Bio-Community

Cohabitation

Paisley : Residential Areas Source - Digimaps (2016 )

6

Paisley : Green Spaces Source - Digimaps (2016 )

Paisley : City Centre

Source - Digimaps (2016 )

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

A Town of Bio-Community

Cohabitation

Study of movability of terratial aniamals in a built against natural environment

Source - Digimaps (2016 )

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

7

8

Animal Sightings in Paisley 2011

Source : Tait, N. (2016) 2011 Paisley Sightings.

9

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

10 10

A Town of Bio-Community

Cohabitation

Animals sightings at city centre and green belt areas

Animals sightings at residential and water resevoir areas

Source : Tait, N. (2016) 2011 Paisley Sightings.

Source : Tait, N. (2016) 2011 Paisley Sightings.

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

11 11

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

A Community of Misstep

Cohabitation

Food Waste in United Kingdom

Source - WRAP (2014) Estimates of food surplus and waste Arisings in the UK 1.0 UK food and drink waste Arisings.

Source - WRAP (2014) Estimates of food surplus and waste Arisings in the UK 1.0 UK food and drink waste Arisings.

Illustration of the UK ‘food loop’

Source - WRAP (2012) Total UK household food and drink waste infographic.

Source - WRAP (2014) Estimates of food surplus and waste Arisings in the UK 1.0 UK food and drink waste Arisings.

12

Amounts of food waste arising in the UK by sector (total post-farm-gate = ca. 10 Mt)*

Summary of food waste and related material arisings in the UK, and the treatment and disposal routes

Total UK Housedhold Food & Drink Waste

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

13

Brief Exisiing Site Zonings Problem Analysis 1 Problem Analysis 2 Problem Analysis 3 Energy Consumption Analysis

14

15 16 17 18 19 20

02

Introduction Ecosystem exist everywhere and permeate everything in our environment. In this assignment, we first analyse existing ‘urban ecosystems’ of a selected site. Then, we aim improve the existing conditions by proposing a new masterplan. Here urban components should be arrange according to their functions, and the inputs and outputs of the building components in the new system.

Hypothesis Based on the relationship of existing natural loops between the urban components, the efficiency of the whole system is poor. Hence, in this new proposed masterplan, the system should work better and more effeciently.

Methodology: In this project, desktop research method is used for gathering information. The functions between different urban components and its existing “ecosystems” (loops) are first analysed. Then, by reshuffling existing buildings and adding new urban function, it creates improved fucntional loops. The new system aims to minimise energy waste and maximize the energy usage efficiency in this new loop.

15

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

16

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

17

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

18

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

19

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

warehouses

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

- Electricity for Office(8 hrs/day)

20

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

mp burke transport ltd

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

- Electricity for Office(8 hrs/day) - Petrol for carriages - paper/box/for pacage

accord(shop)

londis(shop)

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

- Electricity for Office(12 hrs/day) - Electricity of facalities, fridges, etc - petrol

- Electricity for Office(12 hrs/day) - Electricity of facalities, fridges, etc - petrol

west collage scotland

prolife fitness centre

residential houses

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

Mian Energy Consumption Way:

- Electricity of facalities - Food for canteen -Paper for print or book

- Electricity of facalities - Food for canteen -Water for pool

- Electricity - Petrol if have cars - Water - Food

22 23 24 25 26 27

New Masterplan Proposal Solution 1 - Animal Attraction System Solution 2 - Resource Loop System Solution 3 - Bio-Diversity System Loop Comparison - Existing and proposal Overall System

03 21

22

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

23

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

24

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

25

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

26

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

Department of Architecture Urban Landscape Design

Cheng. Tan Chong Kar Mun

27

Reference: Bullard, G. (2005) Animals like green space in Cities—and that’s a problem. Available at: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/04/160420-green-cities-design-animals-architecture-urban0/ (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Davies, E. (2014) Fox’s record-breaking country walk. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/25759153 (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Dell’Amore, C. (2016) How Wild Animals Are Hacking Life in the City. Available at: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/04/160418-animals-urban-cities-wildlife-science-coyotes/ (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Etsy (no date) Paisley. Available at: https://uk.pinterest.com/pin/6333255701492181/ (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Fox Repellent Expert (2014) Meet the foxes (2007) - urban fox documentary (FULL). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vf4FUBkpU0s (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

GRID ARENDAL (no date) IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMS FROM CONVENTIONAL EXPANSION OF FOOD PRODUCTION. Available at: http://www.grida.no/publications/rr/food-crisis/ page/3569.aspx (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Mahoney, J. (2013) Why wild animals are moving into cities, and what to do about it. Available at: http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-12/why-wild-animals-are-moving-cities-and-what-do-about-it (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Mellen, M. (2016) Bringing nature back to cities is good for plants, animals and humans. Available at: https://ensia.com/features/nature-cities/ (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Merriam-Webster (2016) Definition of SYNANTHROPE. Available at: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/synanthrope (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

National Geographic Society (2010a) Peregrine falcons, Peregrine falcon pictures, Peregrine falcon facts. Available at: http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/peregrine-falcon/ (Accessed: 1 December 2016).

National Geographic Society (2010b) Red fox. Available at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/r/red-fox/ (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

Nicholls, H. (2014) Should cities be for animals too? Should cities be for animals too? Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/apr/14/cities-animals-urban-environment-species (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Tait, N. (2016) 2011 Paisley Sightings. Available at: http://www.paisleynaturalhistorysociety.org.uk/index.asp?pageid=120191 (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

The Wildlife Trusts (2013) Available at: http://www.wildlifetrusts.org/species/common-gull (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Tollman, A. (2015) Roe deer. Available at: https://www.bds.org.uk/index.php/advice-education/species/roe-deer (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

University of Bristol (no date) Ecology: Fox Cub diet description. Available at: http://www.thefoxwebsite.net/media/cubsdietdescription (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Wikipedia (2000) File: Urban fox and rabbit.Jpg - Wikimedia commons. Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Urban_fox_and_rabbit.jpg (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

28

Cocozza, P. (2015) The risks of feeding an urban fox. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/shortcuts/2015/may/19/the-risks-of-feeding-an-urban-fox (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Gunawan, S. (2013) Between human and animal. Available at: http://www.expandedenvironment.org/between-human-and-animal/ (Accessed: 28 November 2016).

McLellan, R. (2000) Farming: Habitat conversion & loss. Available at: http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/impacts/habitat_loss/ (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Mead, C. (2001) Modern farming and wild birds. Available at: http://www.farm-direct.co.uk/farming/history/farmbird.html (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Nolan, S. (2012) Fantastic Mrs fox joins twitcher for picnic on park bench boldly eating snacks out his hand. Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2236839/Fantastic-Mrs-Fox-joins-twitcher-picnic-parkbench-boldly-eating-snacks-hand.html (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

RSPB (2009) Available at: http://www.rspb.org.uk/our-work/conservation/conservation-and-sustainability/farming/whyfarming/whyfarming/explanation/index.aspx (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

Wildlife Land Trust (2016) Four reasons not to feed wildlife. Available at: http://www.wildlifelandtrust.org/wildlife/living-with-wildlife/four-reasons-not-to-feed.html (Accessed: 2 December 2016).

WRAP (2012) Household food and drink waste in the United Kingdom 2012. Available at: http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/hhfdw-2012-main.pdf.pdf (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

Wrap (2012) Total UK household food and drink waste infographic. Available at: http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/Total%20UK%20household%20food%20and%20drink%20waste%20infographic.pdf (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

Wrap (2014) Estimates of food surplus and waste Arisings in the UK 1.0 UK food and drink waste Arisings. Available at: http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/UK%20Estimates%20May%2016%20%28FINAL%20V2%29. pdf (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

BBC TWO (2011) A Gull’s history of Britain. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00gvfh6 (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Dictionary (no date) ‘The definition of cohabitation’, in Available at: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/cohabitation (Accessed: 23 November 2016).

McGowan, D. (2016) Paisley city of culture 2021. Available at: http://www.paisley.org.uk/paisley-city-culture-2021/ (Accessed: 30 November 2016).

McLellan, R. (2000) Farming: Habitat conversion & loss. Available at: http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/impacts/habitat_loss/ (Accessed: 6 December 2016). oriondesignnorway (2016) Seagull looking at me. Available at: http://oriondesignnorway.deviantart.com/art/Seagull-looking-at-me-335289598 (Accessed: 6 December 2016).

RSPB (2009) The explanation for farmland bird declines. Available at: https://rspb.org.uk/our-work/conservation/conservation-and-sustainability/farming/whyfarming/whyfarming/explanation/ (Accessed: 6 December 2016).

RSPB (no date) Why farming matters. Available at: http://www.rspb.org.uk/our-work/conservation/conservation-and-sustainability/farming/whyfarming/whyfarming/index.aspx (Accessed: 6 December 2016).

29

Biodiversity & Human Well-being (2001) Available at: http://www.greenfacts.org/en/biodiversity/l-3/1-define-biodiversity.htm (Accessed: 28 November 2016). chrismaser (2012) EASTER ISLAND: A LESSON IN OVER-POPULATION. Available at: https://chrismaser.wordpress.com/2012/08/15/easter-island-a-lesson-in-over-population/ (Accessed: 28 November 2016).

Conservation Institute (2013) Habitat loss. Available at: http://www.conservationinstitute.org/habitat-loss/ (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

F, B., MA, E. and RD, G. (2013) State of Nature: Scotland. Available at: https://www.wildlifetrusts.org/sites/default/files/files/State%20of%20Nature/State%20of%20Nature%20-%20Scotland%20country%20supplement.pdf (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Government, S. (2005) Scotland’s Biodiversity: It’s in your hands - A strategy for the conservation and enhancement of biodiversity in Scotland. Available at: http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2004/05/19366/37243 (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Hardman, S. (2011) How does urbanization affect biodiversity? Available at: https://ecologicablog.wordpress.com/2011/11/06/how-does-urbanization-affect-biodiversity-part-one/ (Accessed: 1 December 2016).

Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2016) UK Biodiversity indicators 2015. Available at: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4229 (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

Lee (2015) Lopburi, Thailand - a day in monkey town | travel photography Blog. Available at: http://www.myfavouritelens.com/lopburi-thailand-monkey-town/ (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

National Wildlife Federation (1996) What is Biodiversity? Available at: http://www.nwf.org/wildlife/wildlife-conservation/biodiversity.aspx (Accessed: 28 November 2016).

Renfrewshire Council (2014) RENFREWSHIRE COUNCIL BIODIVERSITY DUTY REPORT 2014. Available at: http://www.renfrewshire.gov.uk/media/1246/Renfrewshire-Council-Biodiversity-Duty-Report/pdf/pt-BiodiversityDutyReport_FV.pdf (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Sarah (2012) Habitat fragmentation. Available at: http://wildflowerturfblog.wildflowerturf.co.uk/2012/02/16/habitat-fragmentation/ (Accessed: 4 December 2016).

Scholes, R. and Assessment, M.E. (2005) Ecosystems and human well-being: Current state and trends: V. 1: Findings of the condition and trends working group. Edited by Rashid Hassan, University Robert Scholes, and Neville Ash. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Scottish Government (2003) Towards a strategy for Scotland’s biodiversity: Scotland’s Biodiversity resource and trends. Available at: http://www.gov.scot/Resource/Doc/47032/0014776.pdf (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Scottish Natural Heritage (2016) Sites of special scientific interest - Scottish natural heritage. Available at: http://www.snh.gov.uk/protecting-scotlands-nature/protected-areas/national-designations/sssis/ (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

The Ramsar Convention (2014) About the Ramsar convention. Available at: http://www.ramsar.org/about-the-ramsar-convention (Accessed: 29 November 2016).

Wikipedia (2016) Biodiversity. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity (Accessed: 28 November 2016).

Williams, J. (2014) UK Biodiversity indicators 2014. Available at: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/pdf/UKBI2014.pdf (Accessed: 3 December 2016).

Williams, J. (2016) UK Biodiversity indicators 2015. Available at: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/PDF/UKBI_2015_v5.pdf (Accessed: 6 December 2016).

30