ReveredElderpassesawayinSaultSte.Marie
ByChelseaPapineauFriendsandfamilyaremourningthelossof aprominentFirstNationmanandrevered ElderfromSaultSte.Mariewhosurvived Canada's residential school system and became aninstrumentalpartofgettingafederalgovernmentapology.
Arnold Michael ‘Mike’ Frederick Cachagee, 83, passed away peacefully Saturday atSaultAreaHospital.

"HewasasurvivoroftheIndianresidentialschoolsystemwhichhewastakenawayatan early age of four and stayed in the residential schoolsystem‘tilhewas16,”hisobituarysaid.
“He became a certified automobile mechanic for 30 + years and then decided to go back to university to pursue his education at AlgomaShingwaulkUniversity.”

During the 12 years he spent in the system,heattendedSt.John'sIndianResidential School in Chapleau, Bishop Horden Indian Residential School in Moose Factory and Shingwauk Indian Residential School in Sault Ste.Marie.
He graduated with an honours degree in politicalscienceattheageof55andbecamethe first Indian residential school survivor to graduate from Algoma ShingwaulkUniversity.

"Arnold (Mike) had many life accomplishments which impacted thousands of people across this country," his obituary said.
Heworkedforthe


Indigenousuniversityafter graduating before becoming the dean of native studies at Confederation CollegeinThunderBay.
The flags in front of Shingwauk Hall have been lowered in his honour, Algoma University said in a social mediapost.
Cachagee worked asapoliticaladvisertothe Nishnawbe Aski Nation (NAN) and later became chief of his First Nation, ChapleauCree.
"Michael was a trailblazer through his advocacy for residential school survivors and provided tremendous support to help them through their trauma. He was adamant that the history of the Indian Residential School system mustneverbeforgottenandhefoughtagainstthe destruction of the records documenting the experiences of more than 38,000 survivors," NAN Deputy Grand Chief Anna Betty Achneepineskumsaidinanewsreleaseonbehalf oftheexecutivecouncil.
"Michael’s life of leadership includes servingaschiefoftheFoxLakecommunityand lead negotiator in the treaty land entitlement claims process. He was a member of NAN’s governanceandeducationnegotiatingteam,our representative in tri-lateral treaty discussion forums, and also served as political advisor to
pastgrandchiefs."





Through his work with Children of Shingwauk, he became a strong advocate for other survivors and formed the Ontario Indian ResidentialSchoolSurvivorsSociety.
"His vision was clear, he wanted the survivors to take action, be heard, and be on the road to Truth & Reconciliation," Cachagee's obituarysaid.
"He was a hockey coach, guitarist, an artist, loved his country music, loved stock car racing,darngoodhockeyplayer,amentor,abig brother, he taught us how to skate, ride bikes, throw a baseball, but most all he was a good father.Hewasourhero."
A celebration of life is being held Wednesday from 12:30-4 p.m. at the Garden RiverFirstNationcommunityhall.
OntarioSimplifyingProcesstoAuthenticateOfficialDocuments SuchasBirthCertificatesRequiredforInternationalUse Expansion of in-person services saving time and money
CouncilBriefs
TheOntariogovernmentismakingiteasierand more convenient for people and businesses to authenticatedocumentssuchasbirthcertificates, corporate powers of attorney and diplomas for useoutsideofCanada.Theprovinceisexpanding this vital service to four additional ServiceOntariolocationsacrosstheprovince. In-person document authentication services are nowavailablein:
Ottawa
· :110LaurierAvenueWest
SaultSte.Marie:
· 101-420QueenStreetEast
ThunderBay
· :113-435JamesStreetSouth
Windsor · :205-400CityHallSquareEast
“Whether someone is preparing for a major life event, a new job or an adventure abroad, authenticating documents for international use is often a crucial and time-sensitive matter,”saidKaleedRasheed,MinisterofPublic and Business Service Delivery. “Expanding this service to four additional ServiceOntario locationsacrosstheprovinceisyetanotherexample of our government putting customers first and savingpeopletimeandmoney.”
helpsbetterservethemillionsofOntarianswho liveoutsideoftheGreaterTorontoArea. This change enables more individuals andbusinessestohavetheirdocumentsauthenticated via same-day service in addition to our standard mail-in options which often require up to15businessdaystocomplete.

Hydro One & Chapleau Hydro has scheduled a planned power outage for Sunday,August 27, 2023

From 7:00 am until approximately 7:00 pm
Areas affected:
ALL CHAPLEAU HYDRO CUSTOMERS
Whenapublicdocumentistobeusedinanother country, proof of authentication for documents such as birth and marriage certificates, educationaldiplomasandcorporatedocumentsisoften required for people doing business, studying, or travelling abroad, people applying for international visas or people participating in international adoptions. This expansion of authentication servicesaddsto the services already available in-person and by mail at the Official Documents Services office located at 222 Jarvis Street in Toronto, and
Outagesarenecessaryfordeliveryofasafeandreliablesupplyof electricity to you. We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause,andthankyouforyourunderstanding. Thankyouforyour patience. Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecalltheofficeat 705-864-0111
Panne d’électricité d’Hydro One et de Chapleau Hydro
Dimanche, le 27Août, 2023 de 7h à environs 19H
Régions affectées:
Tous les clients de Chapleau Hydro
Les pannes d’électricité planifiées sont nécessaire afin d’assurer un service fiable et sécuritaire. On s’excuse des inconvénients que cela pourrait vous occasionner. Si vous avez des questions, veuillez appeler le bureau au 705-864-0111
Expandingservicesalsolaysthegroundwork to respond to an anticipated surge of document authentication requests as a result of Canada joining the HagueApostille Convention in January 2024. Once the Convention comes into effect, the province will be solely responsible for authenticating Ontario-issued public documents.QuickFacts
· Customers can use the online document authenticationportaltocheckiftheirdocumentis eligible for authentication at any in-person locationorbymailbeforeproceeding.
· Between April 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023, the Official Documents Services office processed nearly 67,000 document authentications and served more than 29,000 in-person clients.
YoungPersonFacingNumerousCharges
A youth from Superior East is facing criminal charges followingadomesticdispute.OnJuly12,2023,shortlybefore8:00 p.m., members of the Superior East Detachment of the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) were notified of a threats occurrence on PineStreetinChapleau.
As a result of the investigation, a 15-year-old from Chapleauwasarrestedandchargedwiththefollowing:
· UtteringThreats-CauseDeathorBodilyHarm-Spousalthreecounts
· UtteringThreats-DamageProperty
· SexualAssaultonaPersonUnder16YearsofAge
· FailuretoComplywithReleaseOrder-twocounts
· FailuretoComplywithProbationOrder-twocounts
The youth was released from custody and is scheduled to appear before the Ontario Court of Justice in July 2023 in Chapleau. The identity of the accused is being withheld as it is protected under provisions of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA).
Chapleau Moments
by MichaelJ. MorrisWRITTENOCTOBER2009
Just recently I received a message on Facebook from Derek Lafreniere recalling "You'll Get Used To It ... The War Show", by Peter Colley, a play about World War II that I directed at Ecole Secondaire Chapleau High SchooljustpriortoRemembranceDayin1987.


Derekwasastudentinmydramacourse and played a leading role in the production. He laterservedintheCanadianArmedForces.
Derekwrote:"IremembertheArmyplay you directed that I was in. It was such a great experience. In addition, we put on one hell of a show if I may say so. If I remember correctly it was a fairly large production,singing, dancing etc..."
It sure was all that you write about it DerekandafterasuccessfulruninChapleauwe took it to Wawa for a presentation at MichipicotenHighSchool.
As Remembrance Day on November 11 approaches it seemed a good time to bring back the moment that ESCHS students, staff and community members were involved in the production of Peter Colley's play. Colley noted thathisplaylookedatCanadaatwarthroughthe eyesofthesoldiersthemselves,addingthatifat times it seemed they did not take the war as seriouslyassomepeoplewouldthink,"itmustbe remembered that our soldiers didn't take it that seriously either." When they weren't actually fighting,theytookabreakfromthewar.
This play was produced in conjunction
École Secondaire Chapleau High School students received standing ovations forperformancesinWorldWarII productionforRemembranceDayin1987

with Branch Number 5 of the Royal Canadian LegioninChapleau.
Idirectedmanyplaysduringmyyearsat CHS/ESCHS,andeachonewasveryspecialto me, but this one really challenged the cast as it combined many dramatic techniques including mime, music and dance into a play set in a time period which was not even a distant memory to them.
WhenIfirstreadtheplayIwasstudying drama at the Faculty of Education at the UniversityofToronto,anditwasaplayIknewI hadtodirectfortworeasons:itwouldplacenew demands on my students to reach beyond the ordinary in playing the respective roles, and becauseofthetributeitpaidtoCanada'sordinary soldiers in the ranks, including many from Chapleau.Buttheywerenotordinaryatall.They were the exceptional generation who left loved onesathometoserve.Somereturned.Some,like my father, James E. "Jim" Morris, and other Chapleauitesdidnot.
Twenty-twoyearsafter"You'llGetUsed ToIt:TheWarShow"broughtaudiencestotheir feetinrousingstandingovationsfromthepacked houses,Irememberitlikeitwasyesterday,andI amstillintouchwithsomeofthecast.
Writing in The Daily Press, reviewer George Evans, said that a "wonderful thing" happenedatESCHS."Fortheolderpeoplethere was bittersweet nostalgia for the years ofWorld War II, and for the younger folk there was the impactofseeingwarasitreallywasforthe1939 generationofteenagers.Fromoldesttoyoungest, the audience was caught up in the banality, the humor, and ultimately, the irreversible waste of war."

The outstanding company included Marcel Morin, Michel Sylvestre, Derek Lafreniere, Dean Harvey, Jeremy Comte, Christopher Ivey, Tara Leigh O'Hearn, Anita Hoffren, Andre Bourgeault, Kyle St. Amand, Gerry Servais, Kyle Videto, Laurianne Martel, Desmond Larocque, Donna Old, Annalisa Meyer, Michelle Meyer and Lori Brunette.
Margaret Rose Fortin, of the ESCHS teaching staff, did an incrediblejobasthemusicdirector, with Mrs. Ruth Godemair as the pianist. Members of the ESCHS Chorus included Gabriela Dell, Carolyn Hryhorchuk, Gerard Lalonde, Juliette Payette, Dave Fagan, Yvette Joyal, Desmond Larocque, Mike Holgate and Alison Wedekamm. George noted inhisreviewthatitwas"impossible
tooverestimate"thecontributionofthechorusto theemotionalimpactoftheproduction.
Also greatly contributing to the success oftheproductionwastheawesomeuseofsound andlightingparticularlyinthebattlescenesinthe verycapablehandsofWilliamMitchell,Sylvain Bernier and Scott Keech. Video was done by Derek Woods. Costumes and makeup were looked after most capably by Yvette Joyal and Lisa Martel, and I must add that Mrs. Joyal pitched in to help with every aspect of the production.Shewasalwaysavailabletohelp.
SetdesignwasbyRoxaneDuhaim,while official photographer was Michael Heintz, prompterwasYvonneRanger,andpropertiesand stage assistant wasAllison Berry. Rick Dell and CrystalCollinsproducedtheprogram.
Production co-ordinator was Ross Hryhorchuk who noted that on the day before Remembrance Day there was also a special ceremony at the school to honour the members andveteransofHarrySearleBranchNumber5of theRoyalCanadianLegionasasimplethankyou tothem.
Thanksagaintoallofyouformakingthe last play I directed at CHS/ESCHS among my mostmemorablemomentsfromtheyearsIspent attheschool.Myemailismj.morris@live.ca. Iamalsoonfacebook.
This article appeared originally in my Chapleau Moments column in the Chapleau ExpressofOctober17,2009.
from OTTAWA Rapport d’Ottawa
by/par Carol Hughes Federal member of Parliament Algoma-Manitoulin-Kapuskasing
It's summer, and for many people, that meansatripontheopenroadtovisitfriends,family, orjustspendingsometimeatthecottage.Formany of us, the distance travelling across this part of the countryhasbecomeafeatureofthenorth,and,aside from the constantly fluctuating cost of gas, it's a fairly simple way to take in the beauty of our own back yard. However, some electric vehicle drivers have found themselves struggling to find active charging stations, highlighting the problems some CanadiansmayhaveconvertingtoEVs.Thisinturn alsoaddstochallengeswearefacinginourabilityto transitionawayfromfossilfuels.
In recent weeks and months, a number of Combined Charging System (CCS) and CHAdeMO (abbreviated from Charge de Move) EVchargingstationsintownslikeMarathon,White River and Wawa have been inoperable. Tesla charging stations were still operable, but those stations aren't compatible with non-Tesla EVs, leavingmanyEVdriverswithoutachargingstation between Terrace Bay and Sault Ste. Marie. This resulted in a high number of calls for assistance from tow truck drivers in the region and several strandedtravelers.
So what's happening that's causing these issuesacrossthisstretchofthenorth?Inthecaseof the Ivy charging station in White River, it was the resultofadamagedtransformer,butinthoseother instances,wedon'thavedetails.
Thisdoesn'tbodewellforthoselookingto reducetheircarbonfootprintbyswitchingtoEVs.A recent J.D. Power Canada Electric Vehicle Consideration (EVC) Study indicates that CanadiansarequitehesitanttomovetowardsEVs, with two-thirds surveyed saying they are either “veryunlikely”or“somewhatunlikely”toconsider an EV as their next vehicle. The reasoning echoes recent travel woes along that stretch of the TransCanada highway, with respondents indicating concern with the upfront purchase price of an EV, lack of charging station availability, and the perception of limited driving distance per charge listedaskeyconcernsfromrespondents.
However, it should be noted that not all partsofthecountryareequalwhenitcomestoEV adoption.InBritishColumbiaandQuebec,thereis a higher uptake of EV consumers, relative to population,thanotherprovinces.It'snosurprise,as Quebecand BC actuallyincentivizeEVpurchases byconsumers,whichinturncreatesahigherinstall base, and further increases the availability of chargingstations.
The government has stated that they hope to see EVs account for one-fifth of all new vehicles sold by 2026, 60 percent by 2030, and 100 percent by 2035.Ifthisistobeevenaremotelyrealisticgoal, there needs to be a significant growth in the infrastructure necessary to support it. This would require substantial upgrades to our power grid to deal with the significant increase in electricity consumption. That would further entail building
EvsShouldn'tbeaChallengeforNorthernDrivers
more green energy sources as to not make EVs redundant.
Allofthisstilldoesn'taddresstheconcerns about being able to drive across large parts of the province, and indeed, the country, with an EV. While there are approximately 45,000 charging stationsacrossCanada,thegovernment'sgoalisto almostdoublethatnumberby2027to84,000.The government is assisting proponents with funding for some of the project costs to build the infrastructureneededforEVchargingstations,and while reliability of the stations is built into the governmentsubsidies,thefactthattherewereentire swathsoflandwhereachargerwasavailablebutnot functioning doesn't speak highly of the consequencesofnotmaintainingthatreliability. It'snotappealingtodriverstomakeaswitchtoEVs ifthere'sanydegreeofuncertaintyabouttheability tochargeavehicle.AndwhileEVsareagoodstep towards reducing our carbon footprint, if charging
remainsaproblem,thenpeoplewillbeunwillingto move away from gas. Combating climate change remainsanimportantissueforCanadians,butlack of government policies and corporate inaction remain massive hurdles in peoples' ability to do theirpart.
Aside from investments in improving the infrastructure to support a growing demand for EVs, the government should also consider mandating auto makers to make charging components universal. Europe has functionally mandatedtheuseofMennekestype2andCCStype 3 connectors be standard, and this has had a significant increase in their EV adoption. While recent deals with Stellantis and Volkswagon to produce EV batteries in Canada is good news for workers and the future of zero-emission vehicles, it'sclearthatthereisstillworktodotodevelopthe infrastructureneededtogetCanadiansmovingwith EVs.
ConduireunvéhiculeélectriquedansleNordnedevraitpasêtresicompliqué
Encettesaisonestivale,nombreuxsontceuxquiprennentd'assautlesroutespourrendrevisiteà des amis et à des membres de la famille ou simplement pour passer du temps au chalet. Pour un bon nombre,leslonguesdistancesparcouruesenvoituresontdevenuesunattraitdesséjoursdansleNord. Abstractionfaitedesfluctuationsconstantesducoûtdel'essence,cetteformulepermetdeprofiteràpeude fraisdelabeautédecescoinsdepays.Malheureusement,lesconducteursdevéhiculesélectriquesontdu mal à trouver des bornes de recharge fonctionnelles, ce qui justifie la réticence de certains Canadiens à adopter les véhicules électriques et nuit plus globalement à notre capacité de nous affranchir des combustiblesfossiles.
Danslesdernièressemainesetlesderniersmois,uncertainnombredebornesderechargedotées de prises de recharge combinées (en anglais « combined charging standard » ou CCS) et CHAdeMO (abréviation pour « Charge de Move ») dans les villes comme Marathon, White River et Wawa étaient inutilisables. Les bornes Tesla fonctionnaient, mais celles-ci sont seulement compatibles avec les véhicules électriques de cette marque. La route qui relie Terrace Bay et Sault Ste. Marie ne comporte aucune borne pour les véhicules d'autres marques. Par conséquent, les demandes d'aide de la part de conducteursdedépanneusesetlenombredevoyageursendifficultésesontmultipliésdanslarégion. QuelleestlacausedesproblèmesquitouchentlesbornesderechargedanscettepartieduNordde l'Ontario? La borne de recharge Ivy àWhite River est affectée par un bris de transformateur, mais nous ignoronscequiempêchelesautresdefonctionner.
Celan'augureriendebonpourquiconquevoudraitréduiresonempreintecarboneenachetantune voitureélectrique.LaJ.D.PowerCanadaElectricVehicleConsiderationStudyindiquequelesCanadiens hésitent à adopter les véhicules électriques. Les deux tiers des personnes sondées ont dit qu'il était très improbableouplutôtimprobablequeleurprochainvéhiculesoitunvéhiculeélectrique.Lesexplications donnéesparlespersonnessondéesconcordentaveclesdifficultéséprouvéesparceuxquiparcourentce tronçondelaTranscanadienne.Ainsi,lespréoccupationssoulevéescomprennentleprixd'achatinitialdes véhiculesélectriques,lararetédesbornesderechargeetlaperceptionselonlaquellelesdistancespouvant êtreparcouruessansavoiràrechargersontlimitées.
Lesdifférentesrégionsaupaysn'offrentpastouteslesmêmespossibilitésàceuxquivoudraient adopterlevéhiculeélectrique.EnColombie-BritanniqueetauQuébec,lesconsommateursayantadoptéce typedevéhiculesontplusnombreuxproportionnellementàlapopulationquedanslesautresprovinces.Ce n'est pas étonnant vu les mesures incitatives pour l'achat de véhicules électriques mises en place par le QuébecetlaColombie-Britannique,quifontgonflerlebassind'utilisateursetaugmenterparlefaitmême lenombredebornesderecharge.
Legouvernementadéclaréqu'ilespéraitquelesvéhiculesélectriquescomptentpourlecinquième desnouveauxvéhiculesvendusd'ici2026.Ilespèrequecetteproportionaugmenteà60%d'ici2030età 100%d'ici2035.Pourquecetobjectifsoitlemoindrementréalisable,ilfaudraconstruirebeaucoupplus d'infrastructures. Des mises à niveau majeures devront être apportées au réseau électrique en vue de l'augmentation massive de la consommation d'électricité. Davantage de sources d'énergie verte devront êtremisesenplacepourquelesvéhiculesélectriquespuissentrouler.
Néanmoins,cesmesuresneréglerontpaslesproblèmesquiempêchentdeparcourirenvéhicule électriquedegrandspansduterritoiredanslaprovinceetaupays.LeCanadacompteactuellementenviron 45000bornesderecharge.L'objectifdugouvernementestdeportercenombreà84000,soitpratiquement SuiteP.11
4tipstokeepyourbudgetontrack
(NC) Smart consumers know the value of establishingabudget–andstickingtoit.Butwith highinflationandrisinginterestrates,manyofus arestrugglingtostayontopofourfinances.Here arefourwaysyoucanbetterbalanceyourbudget.
Cutbackonenergyconsumption
Littlethingslikewashingyourclothesin cold water and air drying them on a clothesline canadduptosignificantsavingsonyourmonthly bills. You should also be aware of “phantom power” – the energy appliances use even when
not in use. Only plug in countertop appliances likeyourtoasterwhenyouneedthem,andunplug your phone and other electronics as soon as they’re done charging. If you have a programmablethermostat,useittoturndownthe heatingorcoolingwhileyou’reoutofthehouse andovernightwhileeveryoneissleeping.
Automatebillpayments
With our busy lives, it can be easy to forgetlittlethings,likepayingeverybillontime. Butifyoumissabillpayment,you’llbecharged
INSPECTION Inspection of Herbicide Projects for Nagagami and Missinaibi Forests
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) invites you to inspect the planned herbicide projects for the 2023 season. As part of our ongoing efforts to regenerate and protect Ontario’s forests, selected stands on the Nagagami and Missinaibi Forests (see map) will be sprayed with herbicide to control competing vegetation, starting on or about: August 1, 2023.
The project description and project plan for the herbicide project is available electronically for public inspection by contacting the offices of First Resource Management Group and GreenFirst Forest Products during normal business hours and on the Natural Resources Information Portal at https://nrip.mnr.gov.on. ca/s/fmp-online beginning June 28, 2023 until March 31, 2024 when the Annual Work Schedule expires.
First Nation and Métis communities and interested and affected persons and organizations can arrange a remote meeting with MNRF staff to discuss the herbicide projects. For more information, please contact:
Waurner Adema, R.P.F. Management Forester
Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Chapleau-Wawa District
Wawa Work Centre
48 Mission Road Wawa, ON P0S 1K0 tel: 705-992-5603
e-mail: waurner.adema@ontario.ca
Denis Ayotte, R.P.F
Area Forester

GreenFirst Forest Products
(Agent for Missinaibi Forest Management Inc.)
175 Planer Road
Chapleau, ON P0M 1K0
tel: 705-206-0068
e-mail: denis.ayotte@greenfirst.ca
a penalty and interest on the overdue amount. Avoid these extra fees by setting up automated payments for all your bills. Just make sure to regularly monitor your bank balance to make sureyoudon’tgointooverdraft.
Doityourself
It’s certainly convenient to hire a house cleaner or use a food delivery service to bring your dinner. But if money’s tight, you should considertakingcareoftasksliketheseyourself. Dependingonyourcomfortlevelwithtools,you canalsotacklesomehouseholdprojectsonyour own, like replacing a broken light fixture or changing the oil in your car.There are plenty of greatonlinetutorialstohelpyoulearn.
OptoutoftheRRO
Theregulatedrateoption,orRRO,isthe default energy rate for Albertans. The rate can spike significantly based on market conditions month to month, making it hard to predict the impact on your monthly budget. Providers like ATCOenergyofferfixedratesonelectricityatfar lowerrates,soyouknowyourpreciserateevery month and don’t have to worry about energy pricespikes.
Learn more about your RRO options at energy.atco.com.
OPPCadetProgramis HiringProvinceWide!
(ORILLIA, ON) - If you are looking for a job to betterdiscoveracareerinpolicing,whynotconsider becoming a cadet? The Ontario Provincial Police (OPP)ishiringcadetsacrosstheprovince.
Jack McClinchey, R.P.F. First Resource Management Group
(Agent for Hornepayne Lumber Limited Partnership)
78 Front Street
Hornepayne, ON P0M 1Z0
tel: 705-622-8826
e-mail: jack.mcclinchey@frmg.ca
The OPP Cadet Program focuses on enhancingthecareerdevelopmentandexperienceof fut ure OPP police constable candidates. Cadets assist frontline officers with administrative duties andthroughengagementwiththeircommunitiesby supporting crime prevention and public safety initiatives.
Cadetpositionsareaone-yearcontractwith the possibility of an extension for one additional year. Cadets undergo a two-week paid training course,andnopreviousexperienceinlaworsecurity isrequired.
Tobeeligibletobecomeacadetyoumustbe betweentheagesof18-25yearsofageatthedateof application.Thepositionisfull-timewithflexibility to work part-time subject to the applicant being enrolledinandattendingschool.
Renseignements en français : Lynne Lafreniere au 705 465-0937, lynne.lafreniere@ontario.ca.
ApplicationsfortheCadetProgramwillbeaccepted beginningMondayJuly17,2023,throughanduntil Friday August 11, 2023. After careful review, successful applicants will be identified for the first scheduledintakeclasstakingplacefall2023. Candidates who are interested are encouraged to visit opp.ca/cadet to learn more about the role, minimumqualifications,andhowtoapply.
Howtoprepareforawildfire
(NC)Emergenciescanhappenatanytimeandoftenwithoutwarning,andwildfirescancauseextensivedamageandputlivesindanger.Topreparefora wildfireevent,makesureyouknowtherisksspecifictoyourarea,andthatyouandthemembersofyourhouseholdknowexactlywhattodoifawildfireis possibleinyourarea.Herearesomestepsyoucantake:
Takepreventativemeasures
Protectyourhomeandyourpropertybyremovinganyfirehazardssuchasdriedoutbranches,leavesanddebris.Keepasprinklerthatisingood workingconditioninanaccessiblespot.Learnhowtoturnofftheutilitiessuchaswater,electricity,andheatingandcoolinginyourresidence.Youmaybe instructedbylocalauthoritiestoshutthemoff.Ensurepetsand/orserviceanimalsareincludedinyourevacuationplans.
Ifyou’rebuildingorrenovatingyourhomeandliveinapotentialwildfirehazardzone,considerchoosingfireprooforfire-resistantmaterialsfor the exterior, such as steel roofing, masonry walls orfibre-cementsiding.
Packanemergencykit
Inanemergency,youwillneedsomebasic supplies ready to go in your emergency kit, and youmayneedtogetbywithoutpowerortapwater. Your kit should have supplies for everyone who liveswithyouforseveraldays.Keepitonhandso you can grab flashlights if the power goes out or leave quickly if you must evacuate. Make sure yourkitisorganizedandeasytofind.Youmayalso buy a pre-assembled emergency kit or a car kit onlineandinvariousretailers.
Haveaplan
Public Safety Canada recommends every Canadian household have an emergency plan. It shouldincludedetailssuchas:whattodoforlikely weathereventsinyourarea;emergencyexitsand saferoutesoutofyourhomeandneighbourhood; meeting points and contacts in case your family isn’t together at the time of the event; as well as copies of important documents like birth certificates,landdeedsandinsuranceinformation; evenincludeplacesforyourpettostay.

Stayinformed
Being able to communicate with family, friends and emergency responders during an emergency is critical, but keep in mind that everyday communication devices may not work properly during an emergency. If possible, use non-voice channels like text messaging, email or social media, as these use less bandwidth than voice communications and may work even when telephoneservicehas been disrupted. If you have tomakeaphonecall,keepyourconversationbrief and communicate only critical information. Keeping calls short also saves the battery life of yourmobilephone.
Find more information on how to prepare for a wildfire, and learn about other hazards and emergenciesatgetprepared.ca.
INSPECTION
Inspection des projets d’épandage aérien d’herbicide pour les forêts Nagagami et Missinaibi
Le ministère des Richesses naturelles et des Forêts (MRNF) de l’Ontario vous invite à inspecter un ou plusieurs projets d’épandage aérien d’herbicide pour la saison 2023. Dans le cadre des efforts continus de régénération et de protection des forêts de l’Ontario, certains peuplements des forêts Nagagami et Missinaibi (voir la carte) seront arrosés d’un herbicide pour contrôler les espèces végétales concurrentes. L’épandage aérien commencera à partir ou autour du 1er août 2023.
La description et le plan du projet d’épandage aérien d’herbicide sont accessibles par voie électronique aux fins d’inspection publique en communiquant avec le personnel de First Resource Management Group et de Produits forestiers GreenFirst pendant les heures normales d’ouverture ainsi que sur le Portail d’information sur les richesses naturelles au nrip.mnr.gov.on.ca/s/fmp-online?language=fr du 28 juin 2023 au 31 mars 2023, à l’expiration du calendrier de travail annuel.
Les personnes, les organismes et les communautés des Premières Nations et des Métis intéressés et concernés peuvent demander à rencontrer le personnel du MRNF à distance pour discuter des projets d’épandage aérien d’herbicide. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez communiquer avec : Waurner Adema, F.P.I. Aménagiste forestier Ministère des Richesses naturelles et des Forêts District de Chapleau-Wawa Centre de travail de Wawa 48, chemin Mission Wawa (Ontario) P0S 1K0
tél. : 705 992-5603 courriel : waurner.adema@ontario.ca
Jack McClinchey, F.P.I. First Resource Management Group (agent représentant Hornepayne Lumber Limited Partnership) 78, rue Front Hornepayne (Ontario) P0M 1Z0
tél. : 705 622-8826
courriel : jack.mcclinchey@frmg.ca
Denis Ayotte, F.P.I. Forestier régional Produits forestiers GreenFirst (agent représentant Missinaibi Forest Management Inc.) 175, chemin Planer Chapleau (Ontario) P0M 1K0
tél. : 705 206-0068
courriel : denis.ayotte@greenfirst.ca
Information in English : Waurner Adema at 705-992-5603.
OntarioMakingitFasterandEasiertoAccessHealthCareinNorthernCommunities
Three new Northeastern Ontario Health Teamswillbetterconnectandcoordinatecarefor peopleintheircommunity
The Ontario government has approved threenewOntarioHealthTeamsinNortheastern Ontario that will break down barriers to better connect people to care within their community. By working together, Ontario Health Teams ensure people can move between health care providersmoreeasilywithonepatientrecordand oneplanthatfollowsthemwherevertheygo.
“Across the province, Ontario Health
Teams are transforming the way people in Ontario access care and play a critical role in buildingamoreconvenientandbetter-connected health care system,” said Sylvia Jones, Deputy Premier and Minister of Health. “With the approval of these three new teams, our governmentisensuringprovidersworktogether to provide people faster and easier access to the caretheyneed,whentheyneedit.”
ThethreenewOntarioHealthTeamsare:
· Équipe Santé Ontario Cochrane District Ontario Health Team, serving Chapleau,
INSPECTION Inspection of Herbicide Project for Pineland Forest
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) invites you to inspect the planned herbicide project for the 2023 season. As part of our ongoing efforts to regenerate and protect Ontario’s forests, selected stands on the Pineland Forest (see map) will be sprayed with herbicide to control competing vegetation, starting on or about: August 1, 2023.
The project description and project plan for the herbicide project is available electronically for public inspection by contacting the EACOM Timber Corporation office (subsidiary of Interfor East Ltd.) during normal business hours and on the Natural Resources Information Portal at https://nrip.mnr.gov.on. ca/s/fmp-online beginning July 1, 2023 until March 31, 2024 when the Annual Work Schedule expires.
First Nation and Métis communities and interested and affected persons and organizations can arrange a remote meeting with MNRF staff to discuss the herbicide project. For more information, please contact:
Meena Gurung, R.P.F.
Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
Chapleau-Wawa District
190 Cherry Street
P.O. Box 460
Chapleau, ON P0M 1K0
tel: 705-465-6193
fax: 705-864-0681
e-mail: meena.gurung@ontario.ca
Mark Austin, R.P.F.
Interfor East Ltd.
Timmins Division
267 McChesney Road
P.O. Box 150
Timmins, ON P4N 7C9
tel: 705-267-3339 ext. 238
e-mail: mark.austin@interfor.com
Cochrane, Matheson, Iroquois Falls, Hearst, Hornepayne, Missinabie, Kapuskasing, Smooth RockFalls,andTimmins;
· Équipe Santé Ontario Sudbury Espanola Manitoulin Elliot Lake Ontario Health Team, serving Greater Sudbury and Sudbury East, Espanola, Manitoulin, Elliot Lake, and surroundingareas;and
· Équipe Santé Ontario des régions du TimiskamingAreaOntarioHealthTeam,serving the Timiskaming District and surrounding region.
ThisexpansionwillhelppeopleinNortheastern Ontario better understand their health care history,easetheirtransitionfromoneproviderto another, directly connect them to different types of care and provide 24/7 help in navigating the health care system. Ontario Health Teams bring togetherhealthcareprovidersfromacrosshealth and community sectors including primary care, hospitals,homeandcommunitycare,andmental healthandaddictionservicesasonecollaborative team to better coordinate care and share resources.
As part ofYour Health:APlan for Connect and Convenient Care, the government is expanding Ontario Health Teams to deliver better care to communities across the province. With these three new teams, Ontario will have a total of 57 Ontario Health Teams and is one step closer to achieving its goal of full provincial coverage, ensuring that every person in Ontario has the supportofanOntarioHealthTeam.
Robin Timms, R.P.F.
Assistant Management Forester
Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
Timmins-Kirkland Lake District

5520 Hwy 101 East
P.O. Bag 3090
South Porcupine, ON P0N 1H0 tel: 705-465-6274
e-mail: robin.timms@ontario.ca
Renseignements en français : jennifer.lamontagne@ontario.ca
Findpeaceofmindaboutfireandcarbonmonoxideathome
(NC) According to the Canadian National Fire Information Database, 80 per cent of fire deaths occur in homes without working smoke alarms, often due to missing alarm batteries or expired alarms. Whether you’re installing smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms for the first time orlookingtoupgradeyourexistingalarms,here are some tips to help keep you and your family
INSPECTION
safe.
Installintheproperlocations.Smokeand CO alarms should be installed on every level of yourhome,includingthebasement,insideevery bedroomandoutsideeachsleepingarea.Smoke alarmsshouldgenerallybeinstalledatleastthree metres from a cooking appliance to minimize false alarms. Remember, smoke rises, so place
Inspection de projet d’épandage aérien d’herbicide pour la forêt Pineland
Le ministère des Richesses naturelles et des Forêts (MRNF)de l’Ontario vous invite à inspecter un ou plusieurs projets d’épandage aérien d’herbicide pour la saison 2023. Dans le cadre des efforts continus de régénération et de protection des forêts de l’Ontario, certains peuplements de laforêt Pineland(voir la carte) seront arrosés d’un herbicide pour contrôler les espèces végétales concurrentes. L’épandage aérien commencera à partir ou autour du 1er août 2023.
La description et le plan du projet d’épandage aérien d’herbicide sont accessibles par voie électronique aux fins d’inspection publique en communiquant avec le bureau d’EACOM Timber Corporation (filiale d’Interfor – Est ltée) pendant les heures normales d’ouverture et sur le Portail d’information sur les richesses naturelles au nrip.mnr.gov.on.ca/s/fmponline?language=fr à compter du 1er juillet 2023 jusqu’au 31 mars 2024, à l’expiration du calendrier de travail annuel.
Les personnes, les organismes et les communautés des Premières Nations et des Métis intéressés et concernés peuvent demander à rencontrer le personnel du MRNF à distance pour discuter des projets d’épandage aérien d’herbicide. Pour en savoir plus, veuillez communiquer avec :
Meena Gurung, F.P.I.
Ministère des Richesses naturelles et des Forêts
District de Chapleau-Wawa
190, rue Cherry
C.P. 460
Chapleau (Ontario) P0M 1K0
tél. : 705 465-6193
téléc. : 705 864-0681
courriel : meena.gurung@ontario.ca
Mark Austin, F.P.I.
Interfor ltée – Est
Division de Timmins
267, chemin McChesney
C.P. 150
Timmins (Ontario) P4N 1B3
tél. : 705-267-3339, poste 238
courriel : mark.austin@interfor.com
smokealarmshighonthewallorontheceiling. Lastly,don’tinstallalarmsnearwindows, doors orductsbecausedraftsmightinterferewiththeir operation. Your alarms’user manuals will have specific recommendationsforplacement.
Test and maintain. Remember to routinely check that your alarms are operating properly by using the test button. For batteryoperated alarms, make sure to replace the batteries at least every six months or upgrade to onesthatwilllastadecade,suchasFirstAlert10year sealed battery alarms. Some jurisdictions suggest or require installing 10-year battery alarms since they eliminate the need for battery replacements. Every alarm should be replaced completelyatleasteverydecade.
Plan and practice. Installing working smoke and CO alarms is just one step in protectingyourfamilyandhome.Intheeventof ahomeemergency,itisalsoimportanttohavean escape plan.Together with your family, identify two exits out of every room and designate a meetingspotoutsideofyourhome.Practiceyour plan twice a year to help ensure every family memberremembers.
Find more information about alarms and homesafetytipsatfirstalert.ca.
3projectstoboostyour home’scurbappeal
(NC) No matter what your home looks like indoors, the exterior provides an important first impression.
Robin Timms, F.P.I.
Aménagiste forestier adjoint Ministère des Richesses naturelles et des Forêts District des Timmins–Kirkland Lake 5520, route 101 Est


C.P. 3090
South Porcupine (Ontario) P0N 1H0
tél. : 705 465-6274
courriel : robin.timms@ontario.ca
Toleaveyourneighboursgreenwithenvy andpiquetheinterestofpotentialbuyers,hereare threeeye-catchingexteriorupgradesyoucando. Incorporate lighting into your outdoor design.Fromcandlesandstringlightstoafirepit tableandsolarlightpathways,alittleillumination can completely change the look and feel of an outdoorspacewithoutbreakingthebank. Update the railings around your home. They’re an important safety feature and a highly visiblepartofyourproperty.Trymixingmaterials and choosing natural colours for a fresh modern look or restore their original, historical style to createaninstanthomefacelift.
Information in English : Tarja Berthelot at tarja.berthelot@ontario.ca
Upgradeyourporchordecktoacovetable outdoor room. Consider building with highperformance composite materials. Unlike wood, composite decking such as Trex Transcend Lineage resists fading, staining, scratching and mould, and only needs an occasional soap-andwater cleaning to stay looking like new for decades.
Find more inspiration and ideas at ca.trex.com.
ÉSCTrilliumstudentsbenefitfromCoopplacement

At the end of June, students from ÉSC Trillium(Chapleau)whohadcompletedaCooperative Education(COOP)placementoverthecourseofthe schoolyearwereabletothanktheiremployersduring


an appreciation dinner. At this event, the students presented a certificate and a small gift to the various companiesthatwelcomedthemwithopenarmsover the past few months. During their work placements,
theseÉSCTrilliumstudentswereabletoacquirenew knowledge and gain practical work experience in a fieldofinteresttothem.Theyareverygratefultothese communitypartners!

Lesélèvesdel'ÉSCTrilliumtirentprofitd'unstagecoop
À la fin du mois de juin, les élèves de l'ÉSC Trillium (Chapleau) qui ont complété un stage en Éducation coopérative (COOP) durant




ladernièreannéescolaireontpuremercierleurs employeurslorsd'undînerd'appréciation.Parle biaisdecetteactivité,lesélèvesonteul'occasion deremettreuncertificatainsiqu'unpetitcadeau aux diverses entreprises qui les ont accueillis à bras ouverts au cours des derniers mois. Durant leurstage,cesélèvesontpuacquérirdenouvelles connaissancesetvivreuneexpériencedetravail concrète dans un domaine d'intérêt. Ils ont très reconnaissants envers ces partenaires communautaires!

Lastweekssolutions



MOMENTS IN TIME

On July 31, 1703, author Daniel Defoe (Robinson Crusoe) was placed in a pillory after being found guilty of seditious libel for publishing a politically satiricalpamphlet,butinsteadofmudorrottenfood (or even worse), he was pelted with flowers, while hisfriendssoldcopiesofthepamphletnearby.

NorthernLightsFordSales

Andrew G. McKenzie Travis Gendron
Highway 17 North P.O. Box 1033
Wawa, ON. P0S 1K0
Business 705-856-2775
Fax 705-856-4862
tgendron@northernlightsford.ca sales@northernlightsford.ca
ALLEMANO, FITZGERALD PASCUZZI & BERLINGIERI Barristers and Solicitors
MICHAEL C. ALLEMANO, B.A., L.L.B.
Certified by the Law Society as a Specialist in Real Estate Law
P.O. Box 10, 369 Queen St. E. Suite 103 Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
P6A 1Z4
Phone (705) 942-0142
Fax (705) 942-7188
BERRY’S FREIGHT SERVICES
TIMMINS - CHAPLEAU - TIMMINS
Monday to Friday: 1 lb. to 10,000 lbs
Monday to Friday
P.O. Box 1700, 37 Broadway Avenue, Wawa, Ontario P0S 1K0
Phone (705) 856-4970
Fax (705) 856-2713
Conduireunvéhiculeélectriquedansle Nordnedevraitpasêtresicompliqué
SuitedelaP.4
le double, d'ici 2027. Le gouvernement aide financièrementlespromoteursàassumerunepartie des coûts de construction des infrastructures liées aux bornes de recharge. Bien que la fiabilité des bornes figure parmi les critères des subventions gouvernementales,laprésenced'uneseuleborne–hors service de surcroît – dans certaines grandes étendues de territoire en dit long sur la gravité des conséquences imposées à ceux qui ne remplissent pascetteexigence.
La réticence à adopter les véhicules électriques perdurera tant que les possibilités de rechargercesvéhiculesserontincertaines.Mêmesi lesvéhiculesélectriquesconstituentunbonmoyen de réduire l'empreinte carbone, les gens ne voudront pas s'affranchir de l'essence dans ces conditions. La lutte contre les changements climatiques est importante pour les Canadiens, maislespolitiquesgouvernementaleslacunaireset lapassivitédel'industrieempêchentcesderniersde contribuer.
Hormis les investissements dans l'amélioration des infrastructures pour soutenir la demande croissante en véhicules électriques, le gouvernement devrait également penser à contraindre les constructeurs automobiles à fabriquer des composantes de recharge universelles.L'Europeanormalisél'utilisationdes connecteursMennekesdetype2etCCSdetype3. Cette mesure a décuplé l'engouement pour les véhicules électriques. Les ententes conclues
FORQUALITYSERVICESAT INEXPENSIVEPRICES
GIVE USACALLAT 1-705-264-4334
1-705-363-7804
Local MARKETPLACE MARKETPLACE
récemment avec Stellantis et Volkswagen sur la production de batteries au Canada sont de bonnes nouvelles pour les travailleurs et l'avenir des véhiculessansémission.Ilrestetoutefoisdutravail à faire pour développer les infrastructures qui permettront aux Canadiens d'adopter les véhicules enquestion.
Pimii Kamik Gas Bar & Gift Shop
Located on the Chapleau Cree First Nation

SUMMER HOURS
will be from 7 a.m. - 10 p.m., 7 days a week
Drop by and check out our line of Authentic Native Crafts, Unique Gift Ideas, Jewellery, and Gift Certificates TOO!


We also carry road trip snacks, which includes Subs, Chips, Pop, plus a whole lot more.
Your Propane Refilling Station
705-864-0781
ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS (A.A).Open discussion meeting every Monday evening. Brunswick House First Nation Band office lounge 7pm.NarcoticsAnonymous(N.A)everyTuesdaysameplacesametime. NNADAPWorker@864-0174info.
CHADWIC HOME, FAMILY RESOURCE CENTRE. Offers shelter, emotionalsupport,andinformationforwomenandtheirchildrenwhoarein crisissituations.WehaveaTollFreeCrisisLinewhichisstaffed24hoursa day.WecanarrangeforfreetransportationtotheCentreforwomenwho liveintheAlgoma/Chapleauarea.Wealsooffersupporttowomenwholive in the communities of Chapleau, White River, Dubreuilville, and HornepaynethroughourOutreachProgram.OurOutreachWorkertravels tothosecommunitiestomeetwithwomenwhoneedemotionalsupportas wellasinformationabouttheirrightsandoptions.Ifyouneedtospeakwith the Outreach Worker when she is in your community, you can call the Centre at any time to set up an appointment. You do not need to be a residentoftheCentreinordertouseourservices.Ifyouneedsomeoneto talktoorifyoujustneedsomeonetolisten,callourTollFreeCrisislineat1800-461-2242oryoucandropinattheCentre.Wearehereforyou.
Library Hours

Monday 1-5 pm
Tuesday & Wednesday 1-7 pm
Thursday & Friday 1-5 pm
Website : www.chapleau.ca Follow
8mm & Super 8 mm

One of the greatest perks that many Northern families enjoy is being able to go to camp to be surrounded by natural beauty and solitude,justminutesfromhome.Someofuscan even go there daily after work. I know a family whofrequentlyenjoyshavingtheirkidscometo campwithlittleones.WhenIstoppedtochatwith aneighbourrecently,Isawthegrandmaholding up a blanket and playing peek-a-boo with the baby. Being so young, the child had not developedanunderstandingofthepermanenceof objects. According to child psychologist Jean Piaget, children learn between infancy and age twothatobjectsstillexistevenwhentheycannot beseen.Thisiscalledobjectpermanence.Think backtocollegedaysandPsych101.
After watching the grandma play that gamewithhergrandchild,itoccurredtomethat Premier Ford likes to play this game too. He is tryingtohidehisgovernment'spastdecisionsand actions. He's hoping that by the time the 2026 provincialelectionrollsaround,hisgovernment's questionable decisions will be out of sight and neverhaveevenexistedinvoters'minds.
Ontarianscan'taffordtoallowDougFord to win this game of peek-a-boo. People must
remember how the Ford government wasted millions of tax dollars cancelling green renewable energy projects such as windmill generators. He also spent millions ripping out ElectricVehicle(EV)chargingstationsthatwere already installed and working on some of Ontario's400serieshighways.
What was Mr. Ford and his government thinkingafterhewaselectedin2018?IntheJuly 11, 2023 edition of the Toronto Star, reporter Marco Chown Oved stated that the Ford government spent $231 million to cancel 700 clean energy projects. And in the government's infinite wisdom, they chose to eliminate the electric vehicle (EV) purchase subsidy. With no new renewables coming online, the electricity systemhascometorelymoreheavilyonnatural gas,drivingupemissions.
Fast forward to last month. Energy Minister Todd Smith held a media event to proudly announce, “Our government is putting shovels in the ground to build critical infrastructurethatwillsupportOntario'sgrowing EV manufacturing industry. With EV fast chargers now available at all 20 renovated ONroute stations along our province's busiest highways, it will be more convenient than ever this summer for workers and families to grab a coffee or a meal while charging their electric vehicle.”
By ripping down electric vehicle charging stations that were already installed, DougForddraggedOntariobackwardandburnt money. Then suddenly, he realizes he made a mistake and decides he has to make up for lost time, no matter how much it costs Ontarians. Hmmm…maybethisisPremierFord'sversionof 'BacktotheFuture'?
Thenameofthegametodayisforgovernmentsto invest in clean-green-renewableenergy. Ontario is already woefully behind in working toward a zero emissions target. And just days ago, the government released its latest energy plan, PoweringOntario'sGrowth.

Thereportstatesthatenergyconsumption isontherisenowforthefirsttimesince2005.So, whatisMr.Ford'splantogetusbackontrackand keep up with the demand for electricity? Build more nuclear power plants because they are the affordable clean way to produce future power. Unfortunately, however, his plan is frightfully shortondetails.
The July 8 Toronto Star reports that the government is planning “massive expansions at two nuclear plants, promising more than six gigawattsofnewgeneration—enoughtopower sixmillionhomesbythemid-2030s.”Threenew Small Modular Reactors will be built at

Darlington,andafull-sizereactoronLakeHuron attheBruceplantlocation.
PremierFordistakingOntariansonanolimits spending spree! He doesn't know how muchthiswillcosttaxpayersorhowtheprovince will even pay for it all. He's told Ontarians he wantsa blankchequewithoutgivingcitizensall thefacts,figuresandchoices.Basically,Mr.Ford is telling Ontarians, “We've painted ourselves intoacornerandhereiswhatwearegoingtodo tofixtheproblem,nomatterwhatitcostsyou.”
Itisinterestingtonotealsothatoneofthe majorsellingpointsthegovernmentispromoting ishowcleanandenvironmentallyresponsibleitis to invest in atomic energy. But really, just how clean is it? The nonprofit consumer advocacy organization,PublicCitizen,saysnuclearenergy can'tholdacandletowindandsolarpower.They estimateittakesbetween10–18yearstorecover the energy and carbonemissionsused to build a nuclear facility. But it takes less than 1 year to recovertheenergy usedto installwind-powered generators and 3 years for solar generators. Despite Premier Ford's grand ambitions for nuclear power, we would not have been forced into the position of expensive retrofits and relianceonexpandingnuclearenergy'sroleinthe grid if he hadn't spent so much of taxpayer's money undermining renewables when he took office.
Ontario families deserve so much better thanagovernmentthatdragsusbackwardswhile painting Ontarians into a hopeless corner of limited options. They deserve leadership that doesn'tplaypeek-a-boo-a-boowithinformation, costs and plans, then try to recover with hastily made plans and decisions. We need responsible leadership that focuses and commits to meeting vital targets that will ensure our economic and environmentalstability.
Come June 2026, Mr. Ford will surely learn if Ontarians understand object permanence when theygotothepolls.

Asalways,pleasefeelfreetocontactmy office about these issues or any other provincial matters.Youcanreachmyconstituencyofficeby email at my new address, mmantha-co@ola.org orbyphoneToll-freeat1-800-831-1899.
