E1
The phonemic alphabet: Practice Phonemic symbols for vowels See page 192 for a list of phonemic and other symbols used in this book.
1
Short vowels
/{/ /e/ /I/ /Å/ /√/ /U/ /@/
Write the correct phonemic symbol for the underlined vowel in each word. EXAMPLE rich i 1 2 3 4 5 6
2
7 8 9 10 11 12
month gone bank ago sugar met
Short vowels
sung symbol cinema any would watch
/{/ /e/ /I/ /Å/ /√/ /U/ /@/
Complete each word with the correct short vowel(s). EXAMPLE The cinema was f U l. (fUl = full) 1 2 3 4 5 6
3
The kl k had stopped. There was bl d on the knife. st nd over there. I hurt my h nd. k d you give me a lift? Do you want b t on your bread?
Long vowels
/A:/
/´:/
7 8 9 10 11 12
/i:/
/O:/
She sl pt on the ice. The t st was difficult. Jack’s their eldest s n. I had to g s the answer. Don’t worry, I’ll pr t kt you. The car didn’t st p.
/u:/
Underline all the vowel sounds that can be put into the gaps to make correct words.
4
EXAMPLE r
d
1 2 3 4 5 6
i: / A: / ´: i: / u: / O: ´: / i: / u: A: / u: / O: O: / A: / u: A: / i: / O:
h b p f t w
m t s d k m
i: / ´: / O: (ri:d = read; rO:d = roared)
Long vowels
7 8 9 10 11 12
/A:/
/´:/
h t t n k n p t k l h b
A: / ´: / u: ´: / O: / u: i: / A: / ´: O: / u: /A: u: / ´: /O: ´: / A: / i:
/i:/
/O:/
/u:/
Complete the middle of each word square with one of the long vowels, to make two correct words.
1
3
d g
Makes ➞ meet/ meat;
l
t
128
4 z
m
v
l
b
6 z
w
n
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
8 t
m
n
r h
t
s n
9
k
t
b dr
7
h
n
f v
5
n
t 2
weak/ week
➞
w m i t k
EXAMPLE
d 10
k p
t m
m
p m
n s
Section E Reference
5
Short and long vowels Underline the correct phonemic spelling of these words. EXAMPLE deep 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
pin had send golf took pot part
/di:p/ – /dIp/
/pen/ – /pIn/ /hId/ – /h{d/ /send/ – /s{nd/ /g√lf/ – /gÅlf/ /tUk/ – /t√k/ /pÅt/ – /pUt/ /p{t/ – /pA:t/
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
farm full hurt order walked fur who
/f´:m/ – /fA:m/ /fu:l/ – /fUl/ /h´:t/ – /hUt/ /Åd@/ – /O:d@/ /wO:kt/ – /w´:kt/ /fA:/ – /f´:/ /hi:/ – /hu:/
Check your answers. Do you know what word the other phonemic spelling represents in each case? EXAMPLE /dIp/ = dip
6
Short and long vowels Underline the word represented by the phonemic spelling. EXAMPLE /stO:/ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
/spO:t/ /k√t/ /ti:/ /fIt/ /h´:t/ /hIt/ /bUks/
star – store
sport – spot cut – cot tea – tow fat – fit hut – hurt hit – heat books – box
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
/hA:d/ /m{n/ /rest/ /b´:d/ /pu:l/ /l√k/ /hA:t/
heard – hard man – men wrist – rest bird – bored pull – pool look – luck heart – hat
Check your answers. Can you write out the phonemic spelling of the other word in each case? EXAMPLE star = /stA:/
7
Diphthongs Put these words into the correct square in the table. Some squares will be empty. sigh, ray, fear, row (= move through water), pie, bow (= weapon), may, hoe, boy, day, hair, rare, pier, foe, hay, die, bear, tie, sow (= female pig), how, dear, tour, tear (= water from the eye), pear, mere, bow (= bend), pay, my, poor, gear, beer, say, buy, fair, rear, toy, high, tear (= pull apart), go, dare, bay, guy, soy, dough, sow (= to plant seeds), here, gay, mare, toe, row (= argument), rye, mow e@ b d f g h m p r s t
I@
aI
eI
OI
@U
aU
U@
fear
ray sigh
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
129
Section E1 1
1 √
2
1 2 3 4 5 6
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
4
1
d ´: g l t ➚ girl dirt
3
n t u: l n ➚ tool noon
h v ´: b t ➚ verb hurt
7
k w O: n t ➚ warn/worn caught/court
2
f v A: z m ➚ vase farm
4
6 b s dr O: z n i: t n m ➚ draws/drawers ➚ neat born/borne seem/seam
8
k p A: t m ➚ part calm
2 Å
3 {
4 @
5 U
klÅk = clock bl√d = blood st{nd = stand h{nd = hand kUd = could b√t@ = butter
6 e 7 8 9 10 11 12
8 I
9 @
10 e
11 U
(hA:m = harm) (bi:t = beat/beet; bu:t = boot; bO:t = bought) (p´:s = purse; pi:s = piece/peace) (fu:d = food; fO:d = ford) (tO:k = talk/torque) (wO:m = warm) (hA:t = heart; h´:t = hurt; hu:t = hoot) (t´:n = turn; tO:n = torn) (ki:n = keen) (pO:t = port; pA:t = part) (ku:l = cool; k´:l = curl; kO:l = call) (h´:b = herb) 5
➚
➚
➚
9
➚
10
p m i: n s ➚ mean peace/piece ➚
➚
➚
186
r h u: m d ➚ whom rude ➚
➚
➚
5
12 Å
slIpt = slipped test = test s√n = son ges = guess pr@tekt = protect stÅp = stop
i: / A: / ´: i: / u: / O: ´: / i: / u: A: / u: / O: O: / A: / u: A: / i: / O: A: / ´: / u: ´: /O: / u: i: / A: / ´: O: / u: /A: u: / ´: / O: ´: / A: / i:
h_m b_t p_s f_d t_k w_m h_t t_n k_n p_t k_l h_b
7 √
1 2 3 4
/pen/ – /pIn/ /hId/ – /h{d/ /send/ – /s{nd/ /g√lf/ – /gÅlf/
5 6 7 8
/tUk/ – /t√k/ /pÅt/ – /pUt/ /p{t/ – /pA:t/ /f´:m/ – /fA:m/
9 10 11 12
/fu:l/ – /fUl/ /h´:t/ – /h√t/ /Åd@/ – /O:d@/ /wO:kt/ – /w´:kt/
13 /fA:/ – /f´:/ 14 /hi:/ – /hu:/
1 2 3 4
/pen/ = pen /hId/ = hid /s{nd/ = sand /g√lf/ = gulf
5 6 7 8
/t√k/ = tuck /pUt/ = put /p{t/ = pat /f´:m/ = firm
9 10 11 12
/fu:l/ = fool /h√t/ = hut /Åd@/ = odder /w´:kt/ = worked
13 /fA:/ = far 14 /hi:/ = he
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
Key
6
1 2 3 4
sport – spot cut – cot tea – two fat – fit
5 6 7 8
hut – hurt hit – heat books – box heard – hard
9 10 11 12
man – men wrist – rest bird – bored pull – pool
13 look – luck 14 heart – hat
1 2 3 4
spot = /spÅt/ cot = /kÅt/ two = /tu:/ fat = /f{t/
5 6 7 8
hut = /h√t/ heat = /hi:t/ box = /bÅks/ heard = /h´:d/
9 10 11 12
men = /men/ wrist = /rIst/ bored = /bO:d/ pull = /pUl/
13 look = /lUk/ 14 hat = /h{t/
7 b d f g h m p r
e@ bear
I@ beer
aI buy
eI bay
dare fair
dear fear gear here mere pier rear
die
day
guy high my pie rye
gay hay may pay ray
hair mare pear rare
s
t
sigh
tear
tear
OI boy
@U bow
aU bow
(= weapon)
(= bend)
dough foe go hoe mow
U@
how poor*
say
soy
tie
toy
row
row
(= move through water)
(= argument)
sow
sow
(= to plant seeds)
(= a female pig)
toe
tour*
(= pull apart) (= water from the eye)
* ‘poor’ can also be pronounced /pO:/ and ‘tour’ can also be pronounced /tO:/.
8
1 2 3 4 5 6
'feD@ 'speS@l 'h√˜g@ 'IndZ@ri bi:tS drI˜k
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
"dZu:nI'v´:s@ti / "ju:nI'v´:s@ti 'leT@ / 'leD@ kr{S / kr{Z 'sIndZ@ / 'sI˜@ Zi:nz / dZi:nz 'sli:pI˜ / 'sli:pIn TI˜k / DI˜k
7 8 9 10 11 12
k{S 'si:Z@ bA:T jes De@ 'treZ@
13 14 15 16 17 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
sI˜ 'deIndZ@r@s 'fi:tS@ 'dIkS@n@ri O:l'D@U
18 19 20 21 22
'jel@U 'O:T@ j√˜ 'ju:Z@l 's@UldZ@
SeId / dZeId 'meS@ / 'meZ@ Zu:st / ju:st ri:tS / ri:dZ "saUT'i:st / "saUtS'i:st 'telIvIdZ@n / 'telIvIZ@n 'br√T@ / 'br√D@
English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)
187