BusinessMirror October 21, 2018

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DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

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SCARS THAT WON’T HEAL Children violently uprooted from their homes and schools by the Marawi siege are still learning to cope, bit by bit, with their new realities. They’re getting a little help from friends—like an NGO that’s committed to provide 1,000 children in Marawi and Lanao del Sur access to safe and equipped learning spaces. By Christelle Lei Tapang | Save the Children Philippines

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HILDREN endure lifelong scars from disasters and emergencies. Fatima (not her real name) was only 11 when her family fled Marawi during the five-month clashes between state forces and the homegrown terrorist network said to be inspired by the Islamic State, the Maute Group.

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WITH white flags to indicate they are noncombatants, displaced residents flee by a convoy to safer areas as government troops battle with Muslim militants on May 29, 2017, in Marawi City. AP

Teenage pregnancy bleeds PHL economy some ₧33B a year

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By Cai U. Ordinario

HE Philippine economy loses a whopping P33 billion annually due to foregone economic opportunities of teenage mothers, according to the Commission on Population (Popcom). At the sidelines of the launch of the 2018 World Population Report of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Popcom Executive Director Juan Antonio Perez III told reporters that this is only an estimate of the opportunity cost of having a child at a very young age. Perez also said if the mother of a teenager was a teen mom herself, it is likely that the teenager will also bear children at an early age. If they are poor, this will also make it difficult for them to get out of the cycle of poverty, causing what is called intergenerational poverty. “This represents opportunity lost because they did not complete their studies, they had children

2,000

The total number of children aged 10 to 14 years old with early and unplanned pregnancies last year, even as trend indicates that the count increases by 100 to 200 children annually. early. There’s a finding [that is]… general among all families that showed if you have another child in your family and if you are poor, you don’t have savings; but if you have savings, another child in the family

PESO EXCHANGE RATES n US 53.8910

will take up 60 percent of your savings,” Perez said. “If you’re in the higher quintile, 30 percent. Among the rich, it only affects 15 percent of their savings, annually. Your savings are affected by having another child. The poor have no savings so they have no access,” he added.

Incomplete

PEREZ said because of pregnancy and the demands of raising a child, teenage mothers are unable to complete their education. This leads them to get lower-paying jobs. Apart from the costs, Perez said having more teenage pregnancies could also lead to a higher number of infant deaths based on a 2010 survey done by the National Statistics Office, which is now part of the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Perez said that off the bat, this could be explained by the level of maturity of teen mothers and their knowledge about how to raise children. The PSA, he said, has not released any updated data on this, but Perez hopes that by next year,

this could be included in the list of special surveys that the agency will conduct. “Culturally you’re not prepared, economically you’re having issues. So what we’re aiming for is to avoid pregnancy at a younger age, to have fewer children, to have children that you can afford to raise,” Perez said.

Hard to hit

THIS target is becoming difficult to hit even when teenage pregnancies, between 15 and 19 years old, have gone down. Perez said this is because pregnancy of 10- to 14-year-olds have been on the rise. He said that while there are about 2,000 children aged 10 to 14 years old who got pregnant last year, the trend has shown that the numbers are posting increases of about 100 to 200 children annually. According to the UNFPA, the Philippines is the second-largest country among the 10 Asean members, and its population is fast growing with the highest total fertility rate in the Asean. Over half of Filipinos are 24 years of age or below. Continued on A2

“Our parents told us to get on the jeepney to join other children, so we can get out of Marawi,” Fatima told Save the Children Philippines when her family was staying in an evacuation site last year. Fatima and two younger siblings spent two agonizing nights in another evacuation site before they were reunited with their parents. “All of us were crying, we were afraid that the Maute [local armed group] might find us and kill us,” she said. A year after the government ended hostilities in Marawi, hundreds of families still live in tents and children are missing out on school. Lawyer Albert Muyot, CEO of Save the Children Philippines, said humanitarian assistance is still very much needed by displaced families in Marawi. “Save the Children Philippines stands ready to help in rebuilding the war-stricken city,” said Muyot. With funding from Insular Foundation, the group will implement the project “Balik Marawi, Balik Eskwela,” to provide 1,000 school-age children in Marawi and those attending schools in Lanao del Sur access to safe and equipped learning spaces. The four-month project, worth P1.9 million, runs from October 2018 to February 2019. It facilitates the purchase of school materials, such as teacher’s tables, children’s armchairs and teacher kits for Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) and implementation of interventions.

At least 86,000 children were affected by the Marawi siege with an estimated 22,700 missing out on their classes, according to the Child Protection Rapid Assessment (CPRA) of the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Children trapped in conflict suffer from psychological stress, sleeping problems, nightmares, withdrawal, lack of focus and feelings of guilt, the DSWD report said. Children in evacuation centers display changes in behavior, such as unwillingness to go to school; sadness; unusual crying and screaming; nightmares; disrespectful behavior and aggressive behavior, said the DSWD report. The impact of the Marawi siege on children include inability to resume classes; inability to return home; loss of belongings; lack of food and shelter, and pockets of attacks. “The conflict has left scars on hundreds of children that are difficult to heal,” said Muyot. Save the Children Philippines still works with the Department of Education to provide psychosocial support to teachers and children affected by the conflict. The group is also coordinating with local governments and communities to prevent potential exploitation, such as child-trafficking. Muyot called on local governments in Marawi to implement Republic Act (RA) 10821, or the Children in Emergency and Relief Act Continued on A2

n JAPAN 0.4784 n UK 70.6888 n HK 6.8747 n CHINA 7.7838 n SINGAPORE 39.1081 n AUSTRALIA 38.3057 n EU 61.9908 n SAUDI ARABIA 14.3652

Source: BSP (October 18, 2018 )


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