BusinessMirror June 23, 2020

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Close gaps in rice import tags, BOC told By Jasper Emmanuel Y. Arcalas

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HE Federation of Free Farmers (FFF) has urged the Bureau of Customs to review its rice import assessment system to prevent importers from misclassifying the tariff lines of their shipments to avoid higher reference prices. According to the FFF, the BOC uses over 10 different classification codes for the same type of rice imports, which, it pointed out, could be utilized by unscrupulous importers to evade higher customs’ reference prices. “Eighty percent of rice imports in 2020 were placed under a tariff heading for ‘broken rice’ which includes a subheading for rice ‘of a kind used for animal feed’. Others were classified as ‘brown rice’, even if they were actually white and well-

LUGGAGE from returning overseas Filipino workers from the Middle East are seen at a baggage carousel at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia wants the Philippines to bring home the remains of hundreds of OFWs who died there. The Departments of Labor and of Foreign Affairs are racing to do just that. Story on page A8. NONIE REYES

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milled,” FFF National Manager Raul Q. Montemayor said in a statement on Monday. “It is possible that some imports were being misclassified under tariff lines that had lower reference prices so as to conceal attempts to undervalue FOB prices,” Montemayor added. The FFF also explained that a “significant” volume of imports did not indicate any rice grade, thus, making it impossible to determine their proper tariff classification and corresponding customs’ reference price. The customs’ reference price serves as a basis for the prevailing price of an imported good so it could determine if there are undervaluation or other trade-related issues. “This makes it easier for a Customs examiner to accept whatever price the importer declares and/ or to arbitrarily place the imports

under any classification code,” Montemayor said. The FFF recommended that the BOC sit down with the Department of Agriculture (DA), the National Food Authority (NFA) and privatesector representatives to come up with an “accurate and realistic” classification and valuation system for rice imports. The farmers’ group also urged the DA to tighten further its screening of rice imports and blacklist unscrupulous players that have undervalued their shipments since the rice industry was deregulated in March 2019. The FFF has repeatedly raised the issue of undervaluation before the BOC and the DA following the enactment of the rice trade liberalization law in 2019, paving the way for the easier importation of rice. It recently claimed that undervaluation of rice imports continues

with at least P890 million in lost tariff revenues from over 766,000 metric tons of staple imported from January to April. The undervaluation, the FFF explained, could be seen in the free on board (FOB) price of rice and the freight and insurance costs of the shipments. The FFF noted that the extent of undervaluation of imports can be gauged by the results of the recent bidding conducted by the Philippine International Trading Corporation for 300,000 metric tons of rice. “Myanmar quoted an FOB price of $405 per metric ton, which is 41 percent or $118 higher per ton than the declared price of imports from Myanmar from January to April 2020 for the same type of rice. Vietnam’s bid to PITC was $455 per ton, while the average declared FOB price of its exports to the Philippines was only $302 per ton,” Montemayor said.

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Tuesday, June 23, 2020 Vol. 15 No. 257

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TRADITIONAL paper tickets and cashless transactions, coupled with safety protocols such as limited seating and the mandatory wearing of face masks, make up the new normal in public transportation as buses (left) and modern jeepneys (right) return to the streets. NONIE REYES/ROY DOMINGO

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By Bernadette D. Nicolas

IGITALLY improved tax administration reforms ensure the Bureau of Internal Revenue’s (BIR) ability to reckon with the “new normal” way of contactless transactions, Finance Secretary Carlos G. Dominguez III said on Monday.

The reforms have already paid off, Dominguez said, as the country’s tax effort has significantly improved from 13 percent of GDP in 2015 to 14.5 percent of GDP in 2019. “The BIR has improved internal processes, raised efficiency levels, and delivered much convenience to our clients—the taxpayers. The men and women of the BIR deserve to be congratulated for all that has been achieved so far. I am

confident that more improvements are in store because the bureau has also demonstrated the ambition and commitment that are key to any successful digitalization reform,” Dominguez said in his message delivered via Zoom during the bureau’s awarding ceremony for the winners of its 1st Hack-A-Tax Innovation challenge. By the time the Covid-19 pandemic struck the country this year, he said the country was already in

a very good fiscal position. Through the use of the electronic tax filing option, BIR not only helped improve its collection performance, but it was also able to do away with the long queues and large crowds jamming its offices during the annual tax payment deadlines. Dominguez noted that tax payments collected through electronic channels amounted to P1.8 trillion in 2019, representing 84 percent of the total BIR collections for the year. Payments collected through additional electronic channels targeted for small businesses and individual taxpayers amounted to P1.2 billion in 2019, representing a 94-percent increase from the previous year. While the government expects lower revenue collections this year because of the economic devastation wrought by Covid-19 and the lockdowns it caused, the country’s finance chief said the Philippines can count on its strong

macroeconomic fundamentals and increased use of digital technologies for a quick return to the path of high growth once the global health crisis is over. “The taxes that BIR collects are critical to fueling our economic recovery. These will help fund our massive infrastructure investments that will create jobs for our people and increase spending on education and health care to improve the competitiveness of our workforce,” he added. Led by BIR Commissioner Caesar Dulay, the bureau launched the 1st Hack-A-Tax Innovation competition in October 2019 among members of the information technology and software development community—including students, start-ups and young developers—to come up with front-end applications that will facilitate digital taxpayer transactions with the bureau. The challenge for the competitors was to simplify and streamline See “BIR,” A2

Dar says fertilizer bid strictly followed the law T

HE Department of Agriculture (DA) has remained firm that its emergency procurement for fertilizer followed the law to the letter and pointed out that its purchase caused retail prices of the farm input to go down. This was the answer of the DA amid allegations that its negotiated procurement for its fertilizer project for rice farmers is overpriced compared to prevailing retail prices of urea. Agriculture Secretary William D. Dar explained that they were able to procure over 1.8 million bags of fertilizer at a cheaper price compared to national aver-

age retail prices and below their set approved budget for the contract (ABC). The DA has set a P1,000 per bag ABC for the procurement of 5.691 million 50-kilogram bags of urea, while the winning bids ranged from P900 to P990 per bag. The DA explained that both the ABC and the winning bids were lower than the prevailing national average retail price of urea fertilizer during the time of procurement. Citing data from the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority, the DA said urea fertilizer cost P1,035.60 for April 27 to May 1; P1,037.53 for May 4 to 8; and P1,040.68 for

PESO EXCHANGE RATES n US 50.1520

May 11 to 15. Dar argued that they have followed provisions and rules stipulated by the procurement law in undertaking the purchase that was initiated when the country was under a state of emergency due to Covid-19 by virtue of Bayanihan to Heal as One Act. Under Republic Act 9184 or the Government Procurement Reform Act, a procuring entity could undertake a negotiated procurement based on certain conditions such as “emergency cases.” The law defines negotiated procurement as a method of procurement of goods, infrastructure projects and consult-

ing services, whereby the procuring entity “directly negotiates a contract with a technically, legally and financially capable supplier, contractor or consultant.” Dar explained that some of the bidders for the first round of bidding were disqualified for lack of capacity to fulfill the contract. “Other bidders were disqualified because they were not able to show that they have the legal, financial and technical capacity to deliver the goods, execute the works and perform the services to address the emergency procurement of urea fertilizers,” he said in a recent interview with reporters.

SANS ECONOMIC HUBS, SIMPLE ‘BALIK’ PLAN WON’T WORK–EXPERTS By Cai U. Ordinario

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REATING economic hubs nationwide would be a better use for the government’s resources than to ferry Metro Manila-based Filipinos to their home provinces under the Balik Probinsiya, Bagong Pagasa (BP2) program, according to local economists. Ateneo de Manila UniverMENDOZA: “These types of programs sity School of Government Dean tend to be a waste of public-sector Ronald Mendoza said the governresources and merely become ‘ningas cogon’—they eventually collapse due ment can invest in areas outside to the sheer size of the challenge and of Metro Manila, Calabarzon, Metro-Cebu, Metro-Iloilo and lack of significant impact.” Metro-Davao to spread growth and development in the countryside. Mendoza said there are fast-emerging cities like Vigan City which could benefit from sustained investments that could lead to greater job creation outside of Metro Manila and other new growth engines. “It is probably more effective (and lasting) incentive for reverse migration to encourage the growth of new economic growth engines,” Mendoza told the BusinessMirror in an email. Ateneo Center for Economic Research and Development Director Alvin P. Ang earlier told the BusinessMirror that developing agriculture can help the country recover from this crisis and chart a better development path. He said the country already has the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (Afma) of 1997, which aims to create the Strategic Agriculture and Fisheries Development Zones (SAFDZ)— areas for production and agro-processing, among others. Continued on A2

See “Fertilizer,” A2

n JAPAN 0.4697 n UK 61.9829 n HK 6.4711 n CHINA 7.0933 n SINGAPORE 35.8844 n AUSTRALIA 34.2037 n EU 56.0850 n SAUDI ARABIA 13.3739

Source: BSP (June 22, 2020)


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