Tuesday, January 28, 2020

SINCE 1891

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

VOLUME CLV, ISSUE 5

METRO

City strives for safer streets Elorza unveils Great Streets Initiative as part of his Capital Improvement Plan

HENRY DAWSON / HERALD

Increased lighting, signage and green spaces will improve 78 miles of the city’s roads, increasing accessibility, sustainability and safety.

Improvement plan, the Great Streets Initiative has already secured $20 million, Elorza said at the plan’s unveiling.

A team of researchers at the Rhode Island Hospital has incorporated and reimagined the way 3D technology, virtual reality and augmented reality can be used in medical settings.

The Emergency Medical HoloLens project emerged from work pioneered

by Derek Merck, currently associate professor of emergency medicine at the University of Florida; Scott Collins, technical lead of CT and 3D technology services at the RIH and Leo Kobayashi ’94 MD ’98, principal investigator of the project and director of research and innovation at the Lifespan Medical Simulation Center, as well as University students. The team focused on creating an augmented reality representation —a holoimage— of patient anatomy.

“It’s going to take us a long time to

SEE STREETS PAGE 2

Zanagee Artis ’22 believes in the power of a single person to be a force for change.

As a co-founder of Zero Hour, an international climate justice organization, Artis has organized marches across the globe to demonstrate the need for climate justice. Although hundreds showed up to Zero Hour’s first climate march at the National Mall, “what I really enjoy about organizing is that even if not a lot of people come, if one new person comes, that’s another person who’s joining the movement and that’s another supporter who can talk to their elected officials, who can organize their own protest, tell friends.”

Artis was just 16 when he co-founded Zero Hour and the organization has since expanded to 24 sister chapters across the United States and many more internationally. For his work with Zero Hour, Artis has been

recognized by national publications including the New York Times. Most recently, he was recognized by Teen Vogue as one of the magazine’s “9 Climate Activists of Color You Should Know.”

Zero Hour emphasizes “the need for climate justice, including equity, racial justice and economic justice,” according to the group’s platform statement.

Artis and his three co-founders started Zero Hour in summer 2017, after meeting at a youth political education program called Junior State of America. Artis met with the three other founders to discuss organizing a climate march in Washington, D.C. for the next summer, which would become the group’s first action.

Artis was the logistics director for Zero Hour’s first youth climate march, which he described as his proudest moment with Zero Hour so far. “(Seeing) that young people actually did care and that we were not alone in this was really awesome,” he said. “Even though the weather was terrible in D.C. that day, … people came anyway.”

Artis said he became interested in climate activism because he believes

SEE ARTIS PAGE 2

METRO

R.I. Hospital utilizes 3D, Augmented, Virtual Reality

BY RAHMA IBRAHIM SENIOR STAFF WRITER

Climate activist Artis ’22 featured in Teen Vogue

BY KARLOS BAUTISTA SENIOR STAFF WRITER

SCIENCE & RESEARCH

Researchers innovate through 3D virtual projects that educate, have clinical

UNIVERSITY NEWS

Artis co-founded Zero Hour, international climate justice organization

BY HENRY DAWSON METRO SECTION EDITOR Mayor Jorge Elorza remembers Providence streets as football fields, curbs as sidelines and basketball courts made with torn paper crates stuck to trees to make hoops.

At the unveiling of the Great Streets Initiative Monday at The Waterfire Arts Center, Elorza talked about his childhood playing on Providence’s streets to explain how important they are to the community. Streets are the largest element of the city’s infrastructure, taking up more than 13 percent of Providence’s land area.

The Great Streets Initiative aims to rehaul these veins and arteries of the city to make them safer, more sustainable and more accessible through increased green spaces, lighting and signage. The plan also includes the Urban Trail Network Master Plan, which will work to reduce residents’ reliance on cars by better protecting pedestrians and bicyclists.

As a part of Providence’s Capital

BROWNDAILYHERALD.COM

These holoimage representations are hologram-like projections that are fixed in space, said Owen Leary ’18 MD ’24, one of the student creators of the project and a current clinical research program coordinator in the Department of Neurosurgery at the RIH. People using the HoloLens wear a visor-like technology that can project a patient anatomy model to a fixed location in their surroundings, Collins said. “It is basically an augmented reality device you can wear on your head.”

After the team acquired the first of two HoloLenses from Microsoft, the researchers overlaid real patients’ anatomy and pathology onto human patient simulations using the device, Kobayashi wrote in an email to The Herald.

For one experiment, Collins designed an augmented reality model using a covered cardboard box, blocks that served as obstacles within the box and trace amounts of hidden

SEE 3D PAGE 4

Advocates for people experiencing homelessness react to homicide Four teenagers charged, advocates say violent assaults not uncommon in homeless community

BY SARAH WANG SENIOR STAFF WRITER The Providence Police Department has arrested and charged four male teenagers with manslaughter and conspiracy in the August 2019 death of Manuel Delacruz, a 50-year-old man who was homeless at the time of his assault.

Delacruz was allegedly assaulted by the teenagers in July and suffered serious trauma to his face and abdomen. He later died from his injuries. Delacruz’s death was ruled a homicide, according to Lindsay Lague, public information officer for the PPD. The juveniles charged in the case were identified as suspects through investigations by PPD detectives, Lague wrote in an email to The Herald. Because the investigation is ongoing,

Lague declined to comment further on the evidence that led to the suspects’ arrests.

It is still unclear whether the teenagers will be tried as juveniles or adults.

Cases involving juveniles are generally processed through family court,

REBECCA HO / HERALD

The Providence Police Department arrested and charged four male teenagers with manslaughter and conspiracy in the death of Delacruz.

News

News

Commentary

S&R

On Sunday, U. students held a vigil to support the Indian Pro-Democracy Movement Page 3

Caitlin O’Neill is the new assistant director of the University’s LGBTQ Center Page 4

Jackson ’00: ACCRIP correct in voting to support Divestment Page 6

U. researchers to start clinical trials for new wearable device for weight control Page 7

said Kristy dosReis, public information officer for the Rhode Island Attorney General. Ultimately, the decision to try a juvenile as an adult is made by the court and prosecutor on a case-by-case

SEE HOMELESSNESS PAGE 8

TODAY

TOMORROW

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | NEWS

TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

ARTIS FROM PAGE 1 that “the environment is the issue that really sets the stage for every other issue. I think it’s connected to all the issues that elected officials are talking about right now: healthcare, war, jobs, everything.”

Zero Hour initially focused on addressing elected officials. On the weekend of the 2018 march, Zero Hour also led a youth climate lobby day on Capitol Hill. About 20 of Zero Hour’s core organizers met with almost 40 senators to talk about “what needs to be accomplished to address climate change over the next twenty years,” Artis said.

Since the march and the lobby day, Artis said Zero Hour has shifted to grassroots actions with a focus on high school students. High schoolers have “a unique ability” to work on climate action because “this is an issue that young people really do care about because it is their future,” he said, adding that “addressing the youngest people and then working to build intergenerational connections is what we’ve tried to do.”

Zero Hour’s most recent action was organizing a youth climate summit in Miami in summer 2019 to “educate local youth about climate change and what they can do in their own communities,” Artis said. They hope to inspire young people to “vote for climate” in the 2020 elections. Artis believes that

STREETS FROM PAGE 1

build out that vision,” Martina Haggerty, associate director of special projects, said at a press conference after the event. “We’re planning on moving forward really aggressively.

We’re planning to build out over half of that network in the next two to three years.”

Despite containing nearly 1500 acres of streets and roadways, only 20 percent of Providence residents live near a “quality and safe trail and path,” Bonnie Nickerson, director of planning and development said during

the biggest challenge in climate activism is a lack of action from elected

officials.

“But I think that that’s remedied

by the fact (that) we’ve seen a huge increase in the public support, even

if there isn’t government support behind it.”

With the unexpected demands of being in college, Artis has had to take a step back from Zero Hour to focus on his studies, but he believes that being in college has improved his activism in some ways because he has been able to “dive into environmental studies and political science, which are so connected to what we’re doing.”

“Now more than ever, I’ve understood more about the science of climate and how it’s affecting world systems … because of the classes I’ve taken at Brown.”

This semester Artis plans to bring a Zero Hour chapter to the University.

“I want to go to (the Undergraduate Council of Students) and start a student group and hopefully partner with some groups already existing here” like the Sunrise Movement and Climate Action Rhode Island, he said.

Artis’s peers spoke highly of his dedication to activism. Artis, chair of campus life in UCS, is “very passionate about climate change and environmental protection,” said Lijin Dai ’22, UCS treasurer. “He has a lot of good ideas and I think he always finds a way to execute his ideas,” she added.

Arielle Martinez Cohen ’23, music director for Zero Hour, said Artis is “also passionate about racial equality and gender equality.”

“He’s very gentle and kind but he still is able to get stuff done,” she said.

the event. If all 78 miles of the proposed improvements are carried out, then 93 percent of residents will have access to improved paths, she said.

Nickerson pointed to the Woonasquatucket River Greenway Extension — a hub of environmental reconstruction and green development — as a flagship for the initiative. The greenway started 25 years ago to connect Olneyville and downtown Providence with a safe, clean path. It received funding for its final mile as part of the plan.

Greenway Program Director for the Woonasquatucket River Watershed Council Nicole Vance discussed the

social aspects of the improvements.

In her hometown of Austin Texas, families gather around waterways to relax and get to know one another, but in Providence, waterways are often damaged and “unloved,” Vance said.

The development of the Woonasquatucket Greenway has already resulted in decreased crime and the reclamation of parks along the river.

The road improvements have community and environmental concerns in mind. “If we’re truly serious about a Green New Deal, if we’re truly serious about departing from our dependence on fossil fuels, this is another opportu-

nity to increase more ways for people to get around,” said Ward 13 Councilwoman Rachel Miller.

On College Hill, proposed improvement sites include major student thoroughfares, such as Brown, Hope, Brook, Wickenden, Angell and Waterman streets. The city has also proposed improvements for the intersection of Waterman and Brown streets, near Page-Robinson Hall.

Pol Tavarez, a member of Providence’s Racial and Environmental Justice Committee, pointed to the potential equity impacts of the Great Streets plan. Seventy percent of all asthma cases in hospital emergency

rooms come from low-income communities next to freight-truck corridors, like Allens Avenue and West End neighborhoods, Tavarez said. The plan looks to reduce the truck mileage along those areas.

“Those of us living on the front lines of environmental racism contribute the least to climate change, yet we experience the brunt of it,” Tavarez said, adding that marginalized communities should have input and the opportunity to collaborate on these issues. “We cannot have a plan that improves our city but displaces the residents who are living here,” Tavarez said.

COURTESY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY

Zanagee Artis ’22 was named one of Teen Vogue’s “9 Climate Activists of Color You Should Know.” The founder of Zero Hour, Artis has organized climate justice marches across the globe.

MEAL PLAN

changes

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Choose a Meal Plan.

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TO MAKE M EDNESDAY, CHANGES IS W

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• Changes may be made in person weekdays from 9:00AM to 4:00PM at the main Brown Dining office located at 144 Thayer Street (Sharpe Refectory).

Race, the Classics, and Democratic Theory - (POLS 1825G/CLAS 1825) Friday 3:00 5:30 Page-Robinson 402 Instructor: Ferris Lupino ferris_lupino@brown.edu - Counts for WRIT and DIAP credit

Why do so?

Many black political thinkers turn to ancient cultural narratives and concepts to arm contemporary struggles. Many of these very same concepts have been used to justify anti-black assumptions. To ponder this puzzle, this course will explore a series of black ‘classical receptions’ in which authors —including W.E.B. Du Bois, Ralph Ellison, and James Baldwin—take up key classical concepts and enrich and extend them in their critiques of the US racial order.

We will discuss this approach as well as the broader implications it has for democratic theory.

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | NEWS

3

UNIVERSITY NEWS

University students hold vigil for Indian Pro-Democracy Movement At stand-in, students protest two controversial laws, religious exclusion

BY SPENCER SCHULZ AND KATHERINE OK UNIVERSITY NEWS AND ARTS & CULTURE EDITORS Sunday night, a large crowd of University students held a stand-in on the steps of the Stephen Robert ’62 Campus Center to express their support for students and marginalized communities in India who are protesting against two controversial Indian mandates.

The vigil, titled “Stand-In for Indian Pro-Democracy Movement,” followed an information session on events relating to the two mandates: the Citizenship Amendment Act and the National Register of Citizens. Brown South Asian Students Association hosted the information session, according to the event’s Facebook page. Members from SASA and the Kashmir Solidarity Movement, in addition to independent students, demonstrated support for Indian democracy and secularity at the stand-in.

The Citizenship Amendment Act, which was enacted in December 2019, outlines a path to citizenship for six religious minorities who have fled persecution from Muslim-majority Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, according to a press release for the Bill.

The CAA has been criticized for its exclusion of Muslim populations — a detail which, when dovetailed with the National Register of Citizens, leads to the obstruction of citizenship for Muslims in India.

The NRC, an Indian citizenship list

used in the northeastern state of Assam, is part of the government’s effort to identify and remove illegal immigrants in the region. The government requires individuals not included on the NRC to provide certain documentation proving their citizenship. But in rural India, where many people are uneducated, the required documents are not necessarily accessible, protest attendee Sarang Mani ’21 told The Herald. Although a

is just trying to alienate the Muslim population of the country,” Srinjoy Srimani ’20, another attendee, told The Herald. “It’s a way of exclusively removing Muslims from the country.”

The laws’ jurisdictions extend to the Muslim-majority contested region of Kashmir. India abolished the region’s semi-autonomous status this summer.

Kanha Prasad ’21 explained KSM’s presence at the evening’s stand-in.

of India and Kashmir to build solidarity with each other and see that their issues are intersecting in certain ways.”

Aside from the resulting exclusion of citizenship for Muslims, a large religious majority of South Asia, this instance of religion as a legislative tool directly clashes with India’s constitution. Its preamble, which students read aloud at the end of the stand-in, explicitly underscores India’s status as a secular nation.

COURTESY OF SIMRAN JHOOTY

The vigil, titled “Stand-In for Indian Pro-Democracy Movement,” occurred on the 71st anniversary of Republic Day, which marks the enactment of the Indian constitution. legal process exists for those trying to prove their citizenship, many who don’t exactly fit the criteria have been sent to mass detention camps.

“The CAA technically is supposed to be an empathetic move where (the government is) helping religious minorities. But what they’re actually doing

“The presence of the KSM at the sit in (was) to remind the broader Indian mainstream or Indian student body that … there is a long history of occupation of Kashmir by India, so any protest will have to take into account this occupation,” Prasad told The Herald. “Sit-ins are an opportunity for oppressed people

The government’s recent actions are “dangerous because the government has been known to have this pro-Hindu agenda for a long time, but India is supposed to be a secular country,” Varun Mathur ’20 told The Herald. “People are at a bigger scale protesting against the violation of that secularity.”

Students across the world, in both India and the United States, have protested against the new mandates and the government’s response to subsequent protests. According to The Times of India, a 620 km long human chain formed in India to call for the withdrawal of the CAA. Students who have organized anti-CAA rallies across India have faced retaliation from the police force — more than two dozen individuals have been killed in protests relating to the CAA. The stand-in at Brown occurred on the 71st anniversary of Republic Day, which marks the enactment of the Indian constitution. “We decided to do this protest on Republic Day, particularly to show that we stand in support of that idea,” Anchita Dasgupta ’21 told The Herald. The new laws “are not in line with the ethos of our constitution.”

The stand-in began with a moment of silence for Indian demonstrators who were killed by police during anti-CAA protests. Attendees, many of whom are from India, also shared their thoughts and personal experiences with the two laws and subsequent protests.

“The idea of a secular country that is welcoming of people of all religions has been harmed, and (we are) protesting in solidarity with students … who are standing up against the government brutality” toward students in India, Dasgupta told The Herald.

Another student expressed why support and awareness from those outside of India is impactful. “What motivates us to stand with the protests … (is that) I think that the Indian government pays attention to what is happening in the U.S. and what is happening outside of India, because (the country) cares about its national image,” Aryan Srivastava ‘22 told The Herald.

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | NEWS

3D FROM PAGE 1 blue fluid. After putting on the HoloLens, students were responsible for removing the liquid using only a syringe, sensory touch and an augmented reality representation of the box’s contents. This task was intended to be a simplified simulation of a kind of intubation process, in which doctors insert tubes into patients’ throats to drain harmful fluids.

In a different project focused on virtual reality, Collins used an Oculus Rift to design a virtual reality anatomical model using images from real patients. Collins hoped to teach students to use the technology and then put together an exhaustive anatomical library, but doctors’ unfamiliarity with the VR technology may be why the project has not taken off within the medical community.

The team partnered with the University library to preserve and disseminate the holoimages to the public through the Brown Digital Repository. The BDR is a digital library that contains documents such as students’ honors theses, doctoral dissertations and University archives.

One part of this repository is the Open Data Collection, mostly consisting of scientific work that has been made available for access and reuse at no cost, said Andrew Creamer, the scientific data management specialist for the University’s library. Creamer facilitated the collaboration between the research team and the library. The partnership began three years ago when the Rockefeller Library obtained the Sidney E. Frank Digital Studio as

a 3D printer facility.

Leary, first starting on the holoimage project as an undergraduate, wrote descriptions of all of the holoimage files currently on the BDR to make them easily accessible to website browsers.

But when creating these files on the repository, he had to consolidate the files into a uniform, accessible, file format. “The philosophy is that because most Brown research is publicly funded … (it) should be freely available to the public and tax payers to utilize those works,” Creamer said.

The use of 3D technology at hospitals extends beyond the holoimage project. At RIH, researchers have also consulted 3D technology to better understand how to treat tumors.

Unlike an X-Ray, which is a 2D image, patient CT and MRI scans are 3D images. Still, “when the radiologist looks at these 3D-images, they click through slices … to see 2D images,” Leary said. “It is possible to see the image as 3D through segmentation, though.” Segmentation is a process by which researchers highlight a portion of a 2D cross section of an MRI or CT scan and select a section of interest to revert into 3D. Developing these segments can assist researchers in determining the specific shape of the tumor they are targeting, which allows physicians to develop a plan for the safest and most effective treatment. “This helps us make sure we hit what we want and don’t hit what we don’t want. You don’t want to cook a hole in someone’s bowel in the process (of treating their tumor),” Collins said.

TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

COURTESY OF SCOTT COLLINS

Researchers at Rhode Island Hospital have begun using 3D technology — such as the HoloLens and Oculus Rift — to incorporate virtual reality imaging into their treatment and education practices.

Similarly, the holoimage project team hoped to better the treatment of patients by taking their technology out of the lab and applying it to “help patients and family members understand complex … pathology” prior to operations, Kobayashi wrote.

“Unfortunately, the team was unable to secure funding to conduct the re-

search.” Still, their work has been primarily an open educational resource.

The team does not have access to the statistical influence of their work and does not know if others have utilized their projects. “We don’t even know if our own medical school is using it,” Creamer said.

Still, he hopes that these augment-

ed and virtual anatomical representations will help medical students, and even high schoolers, as the technology could allow movement away from dissecting real animals, saving students from exposure to chemicals and limiting the “murdering of frogs,” Creamer said.

UNIVERSITY NEWS

LGBTQ Center hires new assistant director Caitlin O’Neill New assistant director Caitlin O’Neill brings experience from UT Austin, Yale, Oberlin

BY SAMANTHA MOLINA SENIOR STAFF WRITER Caitlin O’Neill joined the University’s LGBTQ Center as a new assistant director Dec. 9, 2019.

According to the LGBTQ Center’s Director Kelly Garrett, the assistant director position arose from a previous program coordinator position during the summer of 2017. “Before we had any assistant director position, I really just couldn’t keep up with all of the demands,” Garrett said. “For years, it was kind of known that I needed more help.”

Garrett stressed that “having an assistant director has really allowed (the LGBTQ Center) to grow and do higher-quality programming, do more

outreach, do more intentional student development and have more time and space to work with students.”

During fall 2019, Garrett operated without an assistant director when Je-Shawna Wholley, who formerly held the position, left in August 2019. Wholley had started at the center as program coordinator in fall 2016, The Herald previously reported.

While the search for a new assistant director took place fall 2019, “we had four top folks we were looking at. Three had the invitation to come to campus,” Garrett said. In order to solicit feedback on the new hire, candidates were introduced to various University community members, Garrett said.

O’Neill had previously visited the University when they attended the Consortium of High Achievement (CHAS/ ITP) Symposium hosted at Brown March 2019. “CHAS is a group that works with select liberal arts colleges and has an opportunity for folks, particularly staff members who work (to support)

students of diverse identities and experiences,” O’Neill said. Through the connections they made at the CHAS Symposium, O’Neill was able to find out about the job announcement when it came out the following summer. “I just thought that the people that I engaged with were incredibly thoughtful,” O’Neill said. “I really loved that Brown is a student-centered space.”

O’Neill brings a wealth of experience to the University. This summer, they completed their PhD in African American Studies at the University of Texas, Austin. O’Neill was also a Sarah Pettit Doctoral Fellow in Lesbian Studies at Yale University in 2016, according to an email sent to members of student organization Queer Alliance.

O’Neill was also the Assistant Director of the Multicultural Resource Center at Oberlin College, where they earned a certificate in Social Justice Mediation.

“I really liked the idea of bringing someone with a mixed administrative and academic background to Brown,

(and) thought that would be a good fit for our center, and the work we want to do, as well as working with students here,” Garrett said.

Currently, Garrett and O’Neill are in the process of hiring student staff members for the LGBTQ Center. These positions include two undergraduate student programmers, one graduate coordinator position, one archivist, one graphic design and publicity coordinator and one special projects coordinator.

For most of the student staff member interviews, Garrett and O’Neill have conducted them together. Before each interview conducted to date, the two discussed the successes of past student staff members, whose qualities they seek in new candidates, O’Neill said, adding that each interview includes a question about what students would like out of an ideal supervisory relationship when working with either of them.

“It’s been really excellent hearing from students, how incredibly intel-

ligent they are, and how much they really thought about what kinds of relationships they want to have with each other as they’re working as a team, and what kinds of relationships they want to have with people who are supervising them,” O’Neill said. “It demonstrates, to me, an alignment of all of our different values about what we want to look like as a team, and how we can be there for each other in terms of crafting this idea of a vision for the center.”

Moving forward, Garrett and O’Neill strive to form a greater connection with graduate students in addition to undergraduate students. Garrett also mentioned that the LGBTQ Center is in an “exploration phase” with Computing and Information Services to help make identifying pronouns easier for students.

O’Neill looks forward to working with the new student staff members to “craft a larger identity and (establish) the way that the center wants to leave its mark on campus together.”

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | TODAY

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Healthy Soup & Tea Recipes 12:30 P.M. 350 Eddy St.

Archaeological Illustration Club 4:00 P.M. Rhode Island Hall

Dean in the Commons 5:00 P.M. Engineering Research Center

Deceive Your Friends 8:00 P.M. Harkness House

TOMORROW Ling Lang Lunch Seminar Series 12:00 P.M. Metcalf Research Building 305

French House Info Session 12:00 P.M. Machado House

Midyear Activities Fair 6:00 P.M. Stephen Robert ’62 Campus Center

Meiklejohn Info Session 8:00 P.M. Salomon Center

Q U OTE OF TH E DAY

S U D O KU

“It’s not like (the systems are) just failing. It’s that they’re designed to oppress.”

—Will Gomberg ’20 SEE HOMELESSNESS PAGE 1

C ORRECTI ON

RELEASE DATE– Monday, January 28, 2013

Los Angeles Times Puzzle CR O SDaily SWOCrossword RD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis

ACROSS 1 Paper used for envelopes 7 Teensy kitchen invader 10 Thick-bodied river fish 14 Lessened 15 Critical hosp. area 16 Take down with a wrecking ball 17 Trade for cash 18 Musical based on ABBA songs 20 Golfer Snead’s nickname 22 “I don’t care which” 23 Naval petty officer 27 Lasting mark 30 __ and gown 33 John, Paul, George or Ringo 34 Go without food 36 “True __”: Wayne film 39 CFO’s degree 40 One on a board 43 Swiss peak 44 Gas in a sign 45 Knocks for a loop 46 Scallion relative 48 Space-saving abbr.

50 Team statistic 51 Finale 54 Selling fast 56 Whale or dolphin 63 Campbell’s soup slogan, and a hint to the puzzle theme found in 18-, 20-, 40- and 56-Across 66 “Seinfeld” woman 67 Albany’s canal 68 Actress Hagen 69 Sticky-toed lizards 70 Tadpole’s breathing organ 71 LPGA star Se Ri __ 72 Be agreeable DOWN 1 Red planet 2 Ill-fated Biblical brother 3 Diddly, to Dalí 4 To-do list entry 5 Oscar winner for “Cat Ballou”

6 Part of FDA: Abbr.

7 Gets in one’s sights, with “at” 8 Campus sports org.

9 Tot’s belly 10 Tot’s drawing tool 11 Clumsy actor 12 Special forces weapon 13 Arthur who played Maude 19 Marseille Mrs. 21 The Big Apple, initially 24 Latin ballroom dances 25 Orange-yellow gemstones 26 Gets warmer, in a game 27 Taken in a breakin 28 Slept next to the trail, say 29 Upper limb 31 Sales rep 32 Opposite of post34 Weighing device 35 Somme summer 37 Global currency org.

38 Stretch the truth 41 Bathwater tester 42 Dairy farm sound 47 Late-night host Jimmy 49 Revolutionary Guevara 52 Inveterate faultfinder 53 Word with hug or therapy 55 Alpha’s opposite 57 Teensy amount

58 Fargo’s st.

59 Apples with screens 60 Karaoke prop 61 Many a folk song, composer-wise: Abbr.

62 “__ we forget” 63 Ryan of “Sleepless in Seattle” 64 Hosp. scan 65 1,000 G’s

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE:

xwordeditor@aol.com

The Jan. 27 article “Community members rally for peace with Iran” stated that Code Pink is a member of the Rhode Island Coalition of Peace, which Code Pink is not. A previous version of this article also stated that the Providence rally was organized by the Act Now to Stop War and End Racism Coalition. In fact, ANSWER called for the global No War with Iran day of action, but only co-sponsored and endorsed the R.I.-based event, which was led and organized by R.I.-based peace groups, including the Rhode Island Antiwar Committee. The Herald regrets the errors.

LOT US LOVE

01/28/13

ROSLYN CORIZ / HERALD

By Gareth Bain (c)2013 Tribune Media Services, Inc.

01/28/13

Lotus Pepper, a food truck often conveniently parked midway down Waterman Street, offers Vietnamese dishes including egg rolls, dumplings and bánh mì to students between classes.

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | COMMENTARY

TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

Let’s stop profiting from Palestinian suffering, now: Brown must divest LIZ JACKSON OP-ED CONTRIBUTER

In December of last year, the Advisory Committee on Corporate Responsibility voted to divest from companies complicit in violations of Palestinian human rights. As a Jewish alum, I want to thank ACCRIP and the overwhelming majority of student voters who supported divestment in the referendum last March.

President Paxson P’19 and the Brown Corporation must immediately implement the divestment recommendation.

Every day that our tuition and alumni donation dollars remain invested in companies profiting from occupation is a day we inflict severe harm on Palestinians, including Palestinian students at Brown.

Every day we remain invested, we are responsible for ongoing land theft, military violence and discrimination. We restrict the ability of Palestinian students to receive an equal education at Brown by investing in companies that oppress their families. We preserve a status quo of violence, settler colonialism and racism that is intolerable to many students and constituencies on campus.

President Paxson swatted down the student divestment vote last March by arguing that “Brown’s endowment is not a political instrument” and “should not be used to take sides on contested geopolitical issues.” This is an absurd justification. To remain invested in human rights abuses, especially after ACCRIP has recognized the harms these corporations are com-

mitting, is to explicitly give our approval and “take a side.” That is not apolitical, or neutral.

Some have argued that supporting divestment hurts the Brown Jewish community. I reject the notion that standing for freedom and equality for all people – including Palestinians – hurts our community or singles us out. Crit-

was free. I was not well-informed about Israel and its subjugation of Palestinians. I had no idea I was accepting a free trip to a place where my Palestinian classmates are legally barred from visiting areas where they have family and history. I am ashamed that I participated in a project to elevate my “birthright” as a Jewish

I work today as a civil rights attorney for Palestine Legal, where we support the constitutional rights of students, professors and community activists in the U.S. who are vocal supporters of Palestinian freedom. It is routine for anyone in the U.S. who voices a critical word about Israel’s human rights abuses to face le-

icizing Israel for its policies as a Jewish-only

person, and to whitewash apartheid.

gal bullying, harassment, censorship and false accusations of antisemitism and support for terrorism. We have responded to nearly 1,500 incidents of such suppression over the past six years. I am not surprised to see similar backlash targeting the leaders at Brown who are calling for divestment. For example, an anonymous blacklisting website has profiled multiple Brown students, saying they support terrorists and encouraging employers not to hire them because of their support for Palestinian human rights.

Brown’s decision on divestment comes amid the expansion of state efforts to silence this human rights movement. Twenty-eight states have measures that restrict our right to boycott for Palestinian human rights, and Trump issued an executive order in December aiming to stop divestment by officially defining virtually all of the most common criticism of Israeli apartheid policy as antisemitic. President Paxson and the Corporation must not let the Trump agenda silence the Brown community’s clear call to cease profiting from human rights abusers.

“I am ashamed that I participated in a project to elevate my “birthright” as a Jewish person, and to whitewash apartheid.”

state that discriminates against Palestinians and others based on religion and ethnicity is not anti-Jewish. It simply means defending human rights for all. Investors in the United States must move our money away from all human rights abusers, not just those complicit in Israel’s abuse of Palestinians. But the reason to start with Israel is that we spend more than three billion in tax dollars per year to support an apartheid state. No other human rights abuser receives such support from the U.S. I joined the first ever Brown-RISD Birthright trip to Israel in 2000 because I wanted to explore Jewish identity while traveling with the campus Rabbi and my classmates — and the trip

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If I were at Brown in 2020, instead of 2000, I would not have gone on that trip. Instead, I would engage in campus debates. I would learn about Palestinian and Israeli history from friends, and I would read what Brown Divest had to say. Maybe I would be uncomfortable learning what Israel means for Palestinians.

Maybe I would be challenged by taking a critical look at Zionism. But the point of college is to teach us critical thinking. As uncomfortable as it is for students to confront challenging ideas, or to accept that our investment choices affect people’s lives, it’s much worse to live through a brutal military occupation. Supporting human rights must guide our university’s actions.

Liz Jackson ’00 can be reached at ljackson@palestinelegal.org. Please send responses to this opinion to letters@browndailyherald.com and op-eds to opinions@ browndailyherald.com.

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | NEWS

7

SCIENCE & RESEARCH

New wearable device for weight control to start clinical trials Automatic Ingestion Monitor helps modify eating behaviors, attaches to glasses

BY KAAN SAYIN SENIOR STAFF WRITER To test the effectiveness of the Automatic Ingestion Monitor — a wearable device that monitors human eating behavior through an individualized approach using a chewing sensor and camera — a team led by researchers from the University and the University of Alabama will begin clinical trials funded by the National Institutes of Health.

Leading the team, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Graham Thomas and Professor Edward Sazonov at the University of Alabama will attempt to determine whether the AIM can help modify eating behavior in overweight and obese patients.

AIM is similar to a Bluetooth earpiece that people wear over their ears to make phone calls, Thomas, a co-principal investigator of the study, said.

“It’s similar in size, but it attaches to the side of glasses.” The sensor in the device detects the contraction of the temporalis muscle, the muscle right above the ear.

This contraction can allow scientists to detect different types of muscle activity. For example the contraction “is very good to distinguish chewing activity from … talking, yawning or any other physical activity,” Sazonov said.

The device also features an attached

camera that photographs the food that’s being eaten. Through the data obtained from the camera and sensors, the team is able to learn different aspects of a person’s eating behavior, including the “timing of eating, duration of eating (and the) microstructure of eating, such as eating slow, fast or taking pauses in between,” Sazonov said. These images provide further information about nutrition, meal sizes and calorie consumption, he added. The researchers’ goal is for users of the device to receive real-time feedback to help them modify their eating behavior.

To do so, the device sends interventions to users by connecting to their smartphones through Bluetooth, Thomas added.

“This device has the potential to provide important feedback to people and may be able to help them with weight control,” Ariana Chao, medical director for the Center for Weight and Eating Disorders and associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania, wrote in an email to The Herald.

While former studies proved the efficacy of the device for measurement,“this project is a clinical trial to test its capacity as an intervention tool,” Sazonov said.

The team plans on doing two types of intervention with the data obtained from the AIM. “The first kind will try to control the number of calories somebody eats in a day,” Thomas said. After determining how much a person can consume while still remaining under the daily calorie consumption goal, messages from the smartphone will notify its user when to stop eating.

COURTESY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA

The device’s clinical trail is funded by the National Institutes of Health and is being lead by University researchers and researchers at the University of Alabama.

The other intervention focuses on controlling users’ tendencies to eat too quickly. This problem is “very common” among people who are overweight and obese, Thomas said. “Intervention will help folks slow down their eating and help pay attention to their body’s signals about how full or hungry they are.”

The team also recognized that a single, uniform approach would not be effective in a field like this. “One of the key issues is personalization.

Our system takes time to observe a person’s behavior. Any two people are probably not eating alike. They may eat at different times; they may have different food preferences,” Sazonov said.

The process of preparing for the clinical trials in this four-year study began about four to five months ago, and the researchers “expect to enroll patients in February or March,” Thomas said.

The purpose of this clinical trial is to observe the immediate effects of these interventions and to see if people are responsive to this guidance, he added.

“We hope to learn whether delivering this kind of personal feedback is beneficial in changing eating behavior, reducing calories consumed (and) helping weight loss. If it does, we want to introduce it to clinical practice,” Sazonov added.

One of the known obstacles for

weight control methods is the effort needed to manually track food consumption. “Typically, I counsel patients who are seeking obesity treatment to monitor their food intake using paper food logs or food tracking apps. While effective, patients may find these approaches burdensome,” Chao wrote.

“We want to take the burden off of people and make it easier for them to make decisions around eating for weight management. … We want to provide them with accurate information so that they can focus their efforts on making healthy decisions versus the minutia of tracking everything they eat in great detail,” Thomas said.

UNIVERSITY NEWS

Visiting professor Narges Bajoghli discusses decade of research on Iran Middle East Studies professor describes Iranian pro-regime media producers

BY CLAIRE LIU STAFF WRITER Narges Bajoghli, professor of Middle East Studies at Johns Hopkins University, discussed the decades-long research behind her 2019 book in a talk at the Watson Institute Monday night.

Bajoghli’s book “Iran Reframed: Anxieties of Power in the Islamic Republic” is the culmination of an ethnographic study in Iran which has lasted over a decade. In her fieldwork, Bajoghli met with pro-regime media producers for paramilitary groups like Basij, Ansar-e Hezbollah and the Revolutionary Guard.

Bajoghli’s research aims to tackle a pressing question facing Iran and the IRGC today from the perspective of these media producers: “Who are the rightful heirs to the Iranian revolution?”

Bajoghli began the talk with an overview of the history that has laid the groundwork for the political and military climate in Iran today, emphasizing the particular significance of the 1980 Iran-Iraq War. In conducting her research, Bajoghli described experiencing intense scrutiny while seeking the trust of media producers in Iran; while publishing articles, for example, she knew that

the producers kept her social media and phone conversations under surveillance due to suspicion that she was a spy. Bajoghli also noted her surprise at the extent to which the American government attempted to curtail her research efforts, bringing up questions of loyalty and national security.

Ultimately, Bajoghli was able to secure unprecedented access to powerful producers responsible for driving the discourse and image of the future of the Iranian Republic. “The men … challenged everything I thought I knew about Iran, revolutions and states,” she explained. Her research tapered to focus not just on the state media, but on the men who produced it. Although she did not necessarily agree with them, she sought to understand and represent their perspectives on Iran today. She described learning about their fraught personal experiences: “What it means … to doubt what they have fought for, not know what is to come, and be wrought with anxiety about the fact that they may be relegated back to the margins of society if their political project fails.”

One of the producers who Bajoghli spoke with was a veteran of the IranIraq War and a member of the older generation seeking to win over youth — who make up the majority of protestors against the Republic — with pro-regime films. Bajoghli said she hopes her book adds nuance to an often-simplified young and old generation dichotomy.

Bajoghli concluded the talk with her book’s findings: If the spirit of the Revolution is to endure in the long term, it must appeal both to youth

LEON JIANG / HERALD

Narges Bajoghli’s book, “Iran Reframed: Anxieties of Power in the Islamic Republic,” is the culmination of an ethnographic study in Iran. opposed to the regime and those currently committed to it. “Keeping the Revolution alive will depend on the ability of its image-makers not only to appeal to a younger population that wants change, but also to build consensus among members of the younger generation within the regime’s own ranks,” she said.

Providence local and former international relations professor Jake Redway, who attended the talk and previously taught at the Watson Institute, found Bajoghli’s book to be a

“potentially revealing but also unusual approach to look at film and the way it’s being utilized by the Revolutionary Guard.”

As a cousin of the speaker and a self-identified Iranian, Roxanna Moazami ’22 told The Herald before the event: “I really hope that people can see that Iran is really different from how the news perceives it. … I’ve never been anywhere that’s kinder, so I just hope people realize that.”

8

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD | NEWS

HOMELESSNESS FROM PAGE 1 basis and “depends on the nature of the crime,” dosReis said.

Members of Rhode Island housing security advocacy groups have reacted to this homicide with grief, but are quick to emphasize that it is not an isolated incident among people experiencing homelessness.

“I’m horrified by it, but unfortunately, I’m not surprised, and I wish I were,” said Megan Smith, a member of Rhode Island’s Homeless Bill of Rights Defense Committee. While “this is a particularly extreme example of violence against people experiencing homelessness,” other violent incidents are not uncommon, she added. But according to Lague, extreme acts of violence against this population “(do) not happen regularly,” although PPD

does not specifically track homicides involving homeless people.

Michael Gold ’20, co-executive director of University student group Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere, said Delacruz’s homicide was “among a string” of violent assaults in 2019 against people experiencing homelessness.

In January 2019, Eileen Boarman was stabbed in the left hand by a passerby while sleeping in a tunnel by Waterplace Park. There are also acts of harassment against those experiencing homelessness that go unreported, according to Ralph Davis of Street Sights, a publication written by, for and about people who have been homeless. These incidents include individuals experiencing homelessness being shot with paint guns, being kicked and having drinks poured on them.

According to Smith, attacks on the homeless population often go unreported due to distrust of police and uncertainty that law enforcement “are going to do right by them.” In the past, Smith said she has seen cases in which victims who are homeless report their assaults and are blamed for their own attacks because of their circumstances. She cited a general prejudice against people experiencing homelessness in the criminal justice system.

Gold, Smith and HOPE Co-Executive Director Will Gomberg ’20 all agreed that providing affordable housing and creating infrastructure to ensure people stay safe in that housing are essential to preventing future assaults like Delacruz’s and Boarman’s.

“Folks get their stuff stolen, folks experience violence, folks experience

TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 2020 assault, and this is because we haven’t provided them adequate shelter and the resources to live a safe and dignified life,” said Gomberg.

Beyond providing housing, Smith said a major task in solving issues related to homelessness is creating more opportunities for “positive exposure” between the general public and the homeless population. These opportunities could help counter brief negative encounters such as avoiding homeless people sitting in parks or rolling up car windows around people who appear to be homeless. Smith said she believes this change would create an “erratically different society” that would mitigate current negative attitudes among the public, which she said enable policies that disadvantage homeless people in housing, employment, healthcare and public education systems.

“That’s what homelessness is; it is folks who are failed by all of our other systems that are meant to care for them,” said Smith. “It’s not benign. It’s not like (the systems are) just failing.

It’s that they’re designed to oppress.”

Within the University community, HOPE uses political advocacy to address the structural changes necessary to tackle homelessness, Gomberg said.

This semester, HOPE will lobby and canvass with their community partners at the Rhode Island Statehouse to get a number of bills passed to protect and assist those experiencing homelessness.

“You need to address the immediate needs of folks,” Gomberg said, “while acknowledging it’s really just a BandAid to these larger systemic issues that are facing folks experiencing homelessness and poverty.”

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youtube.com/browndailyherald The John F. Kennedy Jr. Initiative for Documentary Film and Social Progress

COUP 53 SCREENING AND PANEL DISCUSSION

The 2019 film depicts the combined efforts of the United Kingdom

Tuesday

and the United States to overthrow the democratically elected

January 28, 2020

government of Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh.

6:00 pm

The panel discussion will include commentary and Q&A on

MARTINOS AUDITORIUM

the making of the film, historical perspective, and the current

GRANOFF CENTER

situation with Iran.

154 ANGELL STREET

PA N E L I S T S

Taghi Amirani, director Walter Murch, co-writer and editor

I N C O L L A B O R AT I O N W I T H T H E

Stephen Kinzer, Watson Institute senior fellow

Brown Arts Initiative