Monday, September 10, 2007

The Brown Daily Herald M onday, S eptember 10, 2007

Volume CXLII, No. 64

Simmons condemns proposed Israeli academia boycott

By Debbie Lehmann Senior Staf f Writer

A boycott of Israeli universities and professors proposed by Britain’s University and College Union in May has since been “virtually a daily issue” for President Ruth Simmons, who recently wrote a letter to the UCU condemning the boycott. Simmons told The Herald that she is assessing other opportunities to make her views known and promote dialogue on campus.

The UCU, an academic professional association in the United Kingdom, will hold a series of debates on a motion passed May 30 that calls for a boycott of Israeli academia in response to Israel’s occupation of Palestinian land in the Middle East. The resolution deplores “the denial of educational rights for Palestinians” and says Israel has “seriously damaged the fabric of Palestinian society.” It goes on to condemn the “complicity of Israeli academia in the occupation” and calls on members of the UCU to consider the moral implications of connections with Israeli universities.

The proposal yielded a strong response from presidents of American universities. In early August, presidents of 286 universities, including Cornell and Princeton universities and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, signed a full-page advertisement in the New York Times declaring, “Boycott Israeli Universities? Boycott Ours Too!” The ad featured a statement

by Columbia University President Lee Bollinger, who called the boycott “utterly antithetical to the fundamental values of the academy.”

c o ll e g e hill kicks o ff

Simmons did not sign the petition, choosing instead to write a personal letter to UCU Joint Secretar y General Sally Hunt condemning the boycott. In her letter, posted on her Web site, Simmons expressed her support for Israeli universities and wrote that supporting such a boycott “is not an option for people who are dedicated to the core principles of the academy.”

Simmons told The Herald she would never sign an advertisement as the president of Brown without first consulting with others. Even though there was “immediate and intense dialogue” over the summer about what action to take, she said, she ultimately decided to do something distinctive that would have a larger impact.

“I’m weary of one-shot efforts for profound issues,” Simmons said. “It’s tempting to sign things like this and walk away.”

Simmons added that she thought the advertisement did not express fully why the boycott was inappropriate, and she stressed the need for a “salient and more prolonged” argument. Many in academia will be tempted to view this issue as a political one, Simmons said, adding that political discourse “belongs in the political world.”

“Fundamentally, this is something that is an attack on what universities are and what universities do,” Simmons said. “You have to explain to people why this is so inimical to what freedom of speech and scholarship is all about.”

It is a “dangerous step,” Simmons added, to single out students and scholars from any one group

Chris Bennett / Herald

Student band Mister Tamel performs during Saturday night’s College Hill Kickoff on Wriston Quadrangle.

Internationalization takes shape in report

By Michael Skocpol Senior Staff Writer

Aiming to establish Brown among the world’s top universities, a report released today calls for the University to invest significantly over the next several years in a spate of new initiatives designed to highlight its international strengths.

The wide-ranging repor t of Brown’s Internationalization Committee provides guidance for plans to raise Brown’s global profile, highlighting potential projects ranging from a new global health institute to an expansion of the University’s existing International Writers Program, which provides a haven for persecuted writers from around the world.

continued on page 4

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The report represents the first major step in the larger internationalization effort that President Ruth Simmons put at the top of the University’s agenda last fall. Likely to guide University policy for the next several years, internationalization will shape everything from faculty hires to new academic partnerships.

“The best universities in the United States in the future are going to be judged in good part by their standing not simply in this country, but in the world,” Provost David Kertzer ’69 P’95 P’98 wrote in a campus-wide e-mail sent today announcing the report’s release. “This means having a world-class faculty and the world-renowned graduate programs and research that go with them, as well as a world-class under-

INSIDE:

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ARTS & CULTURE

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graduate program. Brown must be one of the major meeting-grounds of the world’s greatest scholars and intellectuals.”

The 21-page report represents the conclusions of the Internationalization Committee created in October 2006 and chaired by Kertzer.

Charged with investigating ways Brown could improve the international quality of its education and become a more significant player in global higher education, the committee stopped short of prioritizing its proposals or presenting a detailed blueprint for executing its goals.

That task will fall to a new vice president for international affairs, whom University Hall officials expect to continued on page 6

i e f

John Hay Library now open for longer hours The John Hay Library will have extended hours starting today, thanks to a gift from Richard Gilbane.

For the rest of the semester — and possibly the rest of the year — the library will remain open an extra hour, until 6 p.m. on weekdays. The library, which has traditionally been closed on the weekends, will now also be open on Sundays from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m.

This semester will be a trial run for the extended hours to gauge student and community interest, according to Brent Lang, a Brown library communications and marketing specialist.

“To say we need this might be a stretch,” Lang said. “But it’s enhancing and improving library services and access to special collections.”

Lang added that the extended hours may allow more people in the community who work during the week to visit the library on Sundays.

The John Hay Library, which housed the University’s entire library collection from 1910 until the Rockefeller Library opened in 1964,

Since 1866, Daily Since 1891

Admission officers poke around Facebook

By Rachel Arndt Senior Staff Writer

Chris Bennett / Herald

The John Hay Library is now open for an extra hour on weekdays.

now features a variety of special collections, including the University archives, the world’s largest repository of military and naval uniforms and over 60,000 comic books, graphic novels, comic art and related materials dating from the mid-1970s to

SEA OF TREES Japanese installation artist Yumi Kori uses light and sound to turn the Bell gallery into a peaceful space.

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ARTS & CULTURE

the present. The library is named for John Hay 1858, a personal secretary to Abraham Lincoln and, later, secretary of state under William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt.

— Debbie Lehmann THE VIDEO EXPERIENCE At a new RISD exhibit, modern music videos and avant-garde silent film are combined to good effect.

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OPINIONS

195 Angell Street, Providence, Rhode Island

This fall, Brown hopefuls might want to consider a new potential aspect of the application process: their profiles on Facebook. Though they deny doing so on a regular basis, University admission officers sometimes follow up on anonymous tips to examine applicants’ profiles.

These days, Facebook is no longer a place just for students — as its Web site states, “All that’s needed to join Facebook is a valid email address.” There are currently 39 million active members on the social networking site.

“We don’t use Facebook unless someone says there’s something we should look at,” said Dean of Admission James Miller ’73. But Miller conceded that admission officers take outside tips seriously.

“Anything we get, we follow up on,” he said.

R.I.P., PINK SLIPS Maha Atal ‘08 mourns the passing of the University’s old pink-and-white add/ drop forms.

Associate Director of College Admission Elisha Anderson ’98 agreed with Miller. There is a “limit to what we can appropriately judge people on,” he said, but added, “You have to remember (Facebook) is a public place.” He said there was “maybe one case” in which Facebook yielded information that affected an admission decision.

Sometimes admission officers receive friend requests on Facebook from applicants, Anderson said, noting that accepting the requests “would appear weird.”

At least one admission officer at Brown questioned even caseby-case visits to Facebook profiles when evaluating applications.

“I don’t think that’s a fair practice,” said Victor Ning ’07, a Brown admission officer who said he looks only at the materials the students send to the office. Though he said

12 SPORTS

continued on page 7 M. soccer sweeps The m. soccer team beat No. 5 Santa Clara and Fordham to win the AdidasBrown Classic

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T oday Page 2

Monday, September 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

We a t h e r

cloudy / showers 83 / 64

Aibohphobia | Roxanne Palmer and Jonathan Cannon

cloudy / showers 78 / 59

Menu Sharpe Refectory

Verney-Woolley Dining Hall

Lunch — Clam Strips on a Bun with Tartar Sauce, Cauliflower, Green Beans and Peppers, Comino Chicken Sandwich, Rosemary Portobello Sub Sandwich, Local Ice Cream Sundae Bar

Lunch — Cavatini, Tomato Basil Pie, Sauteed Zucchini and Onions, Italian Marinated Chicken, Spicy Fries, Local Ice Cream Sundae Bar

Dinner — Beef Pot Pie, Tomato Rice Pilaf, Peas with Pearl Onions, Carrots, Dutch Cherry Cake

Dinner — Cider Glazed Turkey, Vegan Ratatouille, Cranberry Rice Pilaf, French Bread, Dutch Cherry Cake

But Seriously | Charlie Custer and Stephen Barlow

Sudoku Nightmarishly Elastic | Adam Robbins

Fill in the grid so that every row, every column and every 3x3 box contains the digits 1 through 9.

Disambiguation | Daniel Byers

RELEASE DATE– Monday, September 2007 © Puzzles 10,

by Pappocom

Los Angeles Times Daily oCrossword Puzzle C r o ssw rd Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis ACROSS 1 Largest Greek island 6 Nonsense 10 Transfer to a new town, in brokerspeak 14 Turkish title 15 One __: vitamin brand 16 “Terrible” tsar 17 They’re not pros 18 Tear apart 19 Donate 20 Picnic provision 23 Shredded side dish 24 Trot, for one 25 Gen. ledger subdivision 28 Tilt-A-Whirl, for one 30 “X-Men” villain with great leaping ability and a very long tongue 33 Grammar school basics, briefly 34 To be, to Brigitte 35 Dessert with a cherry 37 Domino’s delivery 40 Dwarf who gets blessed a lot?

41 Gym count 42 Some MIT grads 43 Otherwise 44 Moola 45 To be, to Brutus 46 Govt. agent 48 Company 50 “Blazing” bowlful 56 Dry as dust 57 Carpet calculation 58 “Zounds!” relative 60 Cologne that sounds improper 61 Dressed 62 Gives it a shot 63 Ooze 64 NASCAR driver Petty 65 Grand __ National Park

DOWN 1 Tax whiz, briefly 2 Talk wildly 3 Bk. before Job 4 A drink can quench it 5 Painting holder 6 Escape deterrent in the pasture 7 Dog in “Garfield” 8 Brutal 9 “Laughing” predator 10 Ribbed pasta tubes 11 Bad deeds 12 Volcano’s output 13 Having only length 21 Like the smell of soil 22 Exercises done while prone 25 Kennel cries 26 Witchy woman 27 Like Cinderella’s stepmother 29 Big name in tractors 31 Wood shapers 32 Astounds

34 Itchy skin inflammation 35 Kind of tank 36 Life of Riley 38 Took a nap 39 Not born into money, as some billionaires 44 Twisted 45 Political refugee 47 “Alas and __!”

49 Butler at Tara

50 Domino or Waller 51 “Dies __”: Latin hymn 52 Unspecific feeling 53 Genuine 54 Café lightener 55 Prefix with logical 59 ID in the form “xxx-xx-xxxx”

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A rts & C ulture Monday, September 10, 2007

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JUKAI takes visitors to infinity and beyond

By Robin Steele Ar ts & Culture Editor

Courtesy of Kino International

Still from Dziga Vertov’s 1929 silent film “Man with a Movie Camera,” screened Friday at the RISD Museum.

Man Ray meets the Beastie Boys at RISD

By Sonia Saraiya Staff Writer

Music videos are usually YouTube fodder, and early 20th-century silent film is often confined to Modern Culture and Media class screenings, but leave it to the Rhode Island School of Design to bring them together. The RISD Museum hosted a unique screening Friday night of

REVIEW Dziga Vertov’s 1929 film “Man with a Movie Camera,” accompanied by a musician playing largely improvised live music on a piano, for the opening of its latest gallery show, “Music Video/Silent Film: Innovations in the Moving Image.”

The pianist for the screening, Yakov Gubanov, composer-in-residence at the Harvard Film Archive and Associate Professor at Berklee College of Music, created a seamless counterpoint to the film. Artsy silent film can be tedious, but the live score was surprisingly engaging for an inexperienced viewer.

Maya Allison, curatorial assistant for the RISD Museum and organizer of the exhibition, called Vertov’s film a “city symphony” — an almost impressionistic series of shots designed to evoke the feeling of living in a city. In this case, the city was Kiev, Ukraine, in 1929, under Soviet rule, and the audience follows a man with a camera who travels around the city filming factories, beaches, trolleys, coal mines, carousels and of course, people — women putting on makeup, couples getting married and men playing instruments.

It’s not an action-packed thriller, but it’s compelling — the film creates an idyllic sense of people living

their smal,l individual lives in the big city. But over an hour of silent shots can be hard to take. That’s where Gubanov’s score fits in. Indeed, it’s hard to remember that the movie is silent, or supposed to be silent — Gubanov drew on his Russian heritage to create a score that evoked Soviet culture and other musical references, including popular melodies such as Mendelssohn’s “Wedding March” and Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony.

Gubanov told The Herald he was inspired primarily by his own experience for the score of this film. “Musically, it is just inside,” he said.

Traditionally, silent movies were accompanied by a live musician, who, Gubanov said, were usually commissioned by the film’s director or the owner of a theater. The performance’s interplay of musical accompaniment and avant-garde film from the 1930s ties in with the gallery show, which takes clips of “Man with a Movie Camera” and other experimental films and juxtaposes them with modern progressive music videos. Black-and-white film clips play next to videos of the White Stripes, the Chemical Brothers and the Beastie Boys, among others.

Allison said in a presentation of the exhibition that the music and the films play on each other — usually, music scores a film, but in some cases in the exhibition, the visual component is conversely a “score” for the music.

Initially, she was inspired to create the show when she noticed that artists experimented with film when it was a relatively new medium in the 1930s, in a similar way that music video directors experiment with their medium, she said — music videos, she pointed out, are a relatively

new medium.

The juxtapositions made in the show are intriguing and absorbing, and the RISD Museum has put a lot of thought into the thematic elements explored by each set of clips. The exhibition is divided into four themes, with two screens for each — one for the avant-garde film clip and one for the modern music videos. Many of the music videos in the show were directed by Michel Gondry, acclaimed director of “The Science of Sleep,”— notably, continued on page 7

Standing on a boardwalk in semidarkness over an endless sea of clear balloons, visitors to the “JUKAI: an architectural environment” installation may forget they are in the cramped rooms of the List Art Center’s David Winton Bell Gallery. This is exactly the effect Japanese artist Yumi Kori said she hoped for when she converted the gallery into JUKAI — meaning “sea of trees” in Japanese.

“I wanted to transform (the) space into a space with no boundaries,” said Kori, who used light and sound to create JUKAI’s oceanic setting.

Visitors enter the installation in small groups, and then travel through a series of curtains designed to keep the exhibit space in darkness. Once inside, they find themselves on a small wooden deck, where they can linger over the reflective surfaces, ambient woodland sounds, and columns of blue light that recede into the darkness. The balloons froth like bubbles around the deck, reflecting the light from the columns and obscuring the rest of the space.

The forest and ocean-like qualities foster a sense of peace with the viewer and invite contemplation.

In developing this installation, Kori said she envisioned the space as a deep, disorienting forest, through which one can catch glimpses of more space beyond the trees. Though that is her interpretation, she said she hopes visitors to the gallery will develop

REVIEW their own way of viewing the forest and realize that even the smallest space can be vast and limitless, depending on one’s perception.

Although bird and insect noises can occasionally be distinguished among the sounds, the setting of JUKAI is more reminiscent of a dock at night. The blue lights reflect infinitely in the endless sea of balloons like starlight on waves. Kori’s installation may be inspired from personal recollections, as well as natural settings, but her viewers will be able to infuse her work with their own associations.

In the coming month, curious visitors and weary students alike will find the exhibit’s environment a welcoming place to sit or walk to escape the stresses of the outside world. The combination of light, sound and space engage the viewers senses to bring a feeling of the natural world to a confined, windowless room.

“Japan is so small — (we) always have to deal with that kind of trick,” Kori said.

Kori, who teaches Japanese architecture at Barnard College, also works as an installation artist and architect out of Tokyo and New York. Previously, she has lectured at the Parsons School for Design and Yale University’s School of Art and Architecture. Before completing her graduate degree in architecture from Columbia University, continued on page 4

B I G M A ’ S GO T T A L E N T

Chris Bennett / Herald

Jacob Kopf ’11 and Matt Becker ’11 (left) perform at Big Ma’s Talent Show to the tune of Savage Garden’s “Truly, Madly, Deeply.”

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Monday, September 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Bell Gallery hosts serene sound installation continued from page 3 she studied music, theater, and architecture in Japan.

The sound installation accompanying Kori’s work,developed by Austrian sound artist Bernhard Gal, incorporates abstract water and woodland sounds. Gal has created around 50 sound installations and media art projects over the last 10 years, and has collaborated with Kori on many of her previous works, including her two most recent — “Shinkai” at the Ise Cultural Foundation in New York and “Infination” at the Center for Contemporary Art in Seattle.

Kori, who has been using sound in her installations since 1997, said she considers architecture and sound to be ver y similar in that they both create space — whether between physical objects or sounds.

Bell Galler y curator Vesela Sretenovic said she feels the JUKAI fulfills its purpose: to evoke “opinions, feelings, and experiences.”

Sretenovic said she invited Kori to create a site-specific piece for the gallery based on what she had seen of Kori’s previous works. The project was realized after almost a year of planning and design. While the bulk of the installation took three

weeks to build, the 3,000-4,000 clear balloons that fill the space and hang from the ceiling took four people three days to inflate, Kori said.

Although the process was long and complex, Sretenovic said she is glad the galler y took on the project and “glad to have another international artist be part of the Providence art scene.”

Kori said she approaches the finite gallery space in the same way as the Japanese tea ceremony. “The tea ceremony should be as important your life. Ever y small space could be as important as the whole universe,” she said.

The exhibit runs until Oct. 21.

Simmons opposes boycott of Israeli academics continued from page 1 and say the world “should rise up against them.”

A statement Tuesday to The Herald from the UCU stressed that the motion calls for a series of debates around a boycott, rather than an immediate boycott of Israeli institutions.

“Unfortunately the nature of the motion has been misrepresented, especially in media repor ts in America,” the statement read. “It is important everyone understands there is not a boycott.”

Hunt, the joint secretary general of the UCU, sent a letter July 4 to union members detailing the next steps in planning for debates around the boycott, which she wrote would be “respectful and inclusive.” Hunt also expressed disappointment that the boycott has overshadowed other important efforts, including one to link Palestinian and Israeli trade unionists and academics.

“I do understand the strongly held views on both sides,” Hunt wrote in the letter, “but I do not believe that the majority of members — whatever their personal views — see this issue as the major priority for our union.”

Despite this, responding to the proposed boycott has been a priority for American universities, and several university presidents took actions similar to Simmons’. Harvard University President Drew Gilpin Faust also declined to sign the advertisement in the Times, which the Harvard Crimson reported was consistent with a Harvard tradition to not sign petitions. Like Simmons, however, she wrote an individual letter to the UCU. “While I am most comfortable expressing my views on such matters directly in my own words as opposed to signing group statements or petitions, I obviously join many colleagues throughout the international academic community in denouncing unequivocally an action that would serve no purpose and would fundamentally violate the academic freedoms we must defend

at all costs,” Faust said in an Aug. 13 statement.

Brown has deep ties with Israeli universities. The University has six existing exchange agreements with Israeli universities, trailing only France, with which the University has eight programs. The only other countries with more than two exchange agreements are Italy and India. A 2004 gift from the late liquor magnate Sidney Frank ’42 — the largest donor in Brown history — funds a scholarship program that brings Israeli students interested in pursuing the University’s Commerce, Organizations, and Entrepreneurship Program to Brown.

Simmons also said she is working with Provost David Kertzer ’69 P’95 P’98 to create more programs that would bring scholars from Israel to Brown.

Israeli universities are “natural partners” for elite American universities because they are among the best in the world, Simmons said. The Middle East is also an area of focus for Brown because of its importance in world affairs, she said.

“I don’t know how you could not want to be informed about that region of the world,” Simmons said.

“And how do we do that if we don’t have students and scholars with different perspectives on the Middle East? You need people to go there and see it first hand in addition to those who study it.”

In addition to the letter she wrote to Hunt, Simmons said she hopes to engage students and faculty in the issue.

“I wanted this to happen after students got back so that we could ask ‘what can students learn from this?’ ” Simmons said.

Simmons said she would like to organize some kind of public program for those who have little knowledge about the proposed boycott. Whatever it is, the program will be “very public” and will help to communicate the position of the University, she said.

While not everyone on campus is aware of the proposed boycott, many students and professors have

strong opinions on the issue.

Dara Bayer ’08, a member of Anti-Racist Action, said she supports the boycott, which she called a “grassroots effort to make a political statement.”

“For the union to take a stand on this is admirable,” Bayer said.

“These are the kinds of statements that put pressure on the government to change policy.”

Bayer said she had not read Simmons’ letter to the UCU, but said she disagrees with the argument that political issues do not have a place in academia.

“You can’t separate politics from the academy,” Bayer said. “Academic institutions do have political interests, and we can’t ignore that. Look at history — during the Vietnam War, institutions were the centerpiece of the antiwar movement.”

Other students and professors share Simmons’ view.

Professor of Judaic Studies David Jacobson wrote in an e-mail to The Herald that he is “very proud” of the letter Simmons wrote to the UCU, adding that he “strongly opposes” the proposed boycott.

“Academia is based on free exchange of ideas,” he wrote, “and any boycott of academics by other academics seriously undermines this fundamental principle.”

Josh Stern ’08, who last year cofounded a Middle East discussion group called Open House, also opposes the boycott.

“If you want to boycott some Israeli company that makes cluster bombs, that’s one thing,” he said.

“But this is not consistent with academic freedom.”

Stern said he thinks the majority of Brown students are “not so left-wing” that they would support a boycott of Israeli universities. Regardless, he said, the only way to solve the larger conflict is through dialogue.

“That’s what needs to be emphasized — and not just talking, listening,” he said. “An intellectual boycott doesn’t seem to be in line with that.”

w orld & n ation Monday, September 10, 2007

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THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Troop ‘surge’ divides Bush advisers as Iraq status report set to arrive today

By Peter Baker, Karen DeYoung, Thomas E. Ricks, Ann Scott Tyson, Joby Warrick and Robin Wright and Researcher Julie Tate Washington Post

WASHINGTON — For two hours, President Bush listened to contrasting visions of the U.S. future in Iraq.

Gen. David H. Petraeus dominated the conversation by video link from Baghdad, making the case to keep as many troops as long as possible to cement any security progress.

Adm. William J. Fallon, his superior, argued instead for taking more risks in Iraq in order to have enough forces available to confront other potential threats in the region.

The polite discussion in the White House Situation Room a week ago masked a sharper clash over the U.S. venture in Iraq, one that has been building since Fallon, chief of U.S. Central Command, which oversees Mideast operations, sent a rear admiral to Baghdad this summer to gather information. Soon afterward, Fallon began developing plans to redefine the U.S. mission and radically draw down troops. One of those plans, according to a Centcom officer, involved slashing U.S. forces in Iraq from 168,000 to about 35,000 by 2010.

In an interview, Fallon disputed that description but declined to offer details. Nonetheless, his efforts offended Petraeus’s team, which saw them as unwelcome intrusion on

their own long-term planning. The profoundly different views of the U.S. role in Iraq only exacerbated the schism between the two men.

“Bad relations?” laughed a senior civilian official. “That’s the understatement of the century. ... If you think Armageddon was a riot, that’s one way of looking at it.”

For Bush, the eight months since announcing his “new way forward” in Iraq have been about not just organizing a major force deployment but managing a remarkable conflict within his administration, mounting a rear-guard action against Congress and navigating a dysfunctional relationship with an Iraqi leadership that has proved incapable of delivering what he needs.

Although the administration has presented a united front, senior officials remain split over whether Bush’s strategy will work in the long term. Bush gambled that a “surge” of some 30,000 troops in the streets of Baghdad and the western province of Anbar would establish enough security to give “breathing space” to Iraq’s sectarian leaders to find common ground.

As Petraeus and Ambassador Ryan C. Crocker deliver progress reports to Congress Monday, the questions they are likely to face are the same ones asked internally: How long should the troop buildup last? When should U.S. forces start to come home? Should the United States stand by Iraqi Prime Minis-

ter Nouri al-Maliki or seek another leader? What are the hidden risks of the emerging alliance with Sunni tribal leaders? What is the best outcome Washington can hope for at this point?

Amid the uncertainty, the overriding imperative for Bush these past eight months has been to buy time — time for the surge to work, time for the Iraqis to get their act together, time to produce progress. But now, as a result of a casual idea by Petraeus that hardened into an unwelcome deadline, the administration finds itself at a pivotal moment.

“All the outreach and consultations did not reset as much time on the Washington clock as we had hoped,” said Peter D. Feaver, who was a National Security Council strategic adviser until July. “Rather than buying us more time, the D.C. clock seemed to accelerate after the president’s speech.”

An Address in January The president was somber as he took his place behind the lectern in the White House library the night of Jan. 10. It was an awkward address.

He stood alone in the corner talking into a camera. His subdued tone, appropriate for ordering thousands more men and women into battle, worried some aides who feared it was not persuasive.

It did not take long to figure out just how unpersuasive it was. As Bush said good night and headed upstairs to bed, the reviews came in heavily negative, even among Republicans. The notion that the president was sending even more troops to Iraq after an antiwar public turned control of Congress over to the Democrats exasperated many in the capital. The visceral reaction induced near-panic among some in the White House.

“The concern of some people — me — was the floor was going to break politically,” said Peter H. Wehner, then White House director of strategic initiatives. “We put all our eggs in the surge-Petraeus basket.

The speech just didn’t seem to move anything and, if anything, it seemed to deepen the problem.”

The surge was born of a review Bush launched after the midterm elections. Over the weeks that followed, the president came to agree that his strategy was heading to what he later called “slow failure.” But rather than heed calls for withdrawal, he opted for a final gambit to eke out victory, overruling some of his commanders and the Joint Chiefs of Staff and ushering in a new team led

by Fallon, Petraeus, Crocker and a new defense secretary, Robert M.

Gates.

The logic escaped many. The day after Bush’s speech, Gates and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice were pummeled during hearings on Capitol Hill. The two tried to assure lawmakers that the troop buildup would be short-lived. “We’re thinking of it as a matter of months, not 18 months or two years,” Gates testified. Asked about Maliki, Rice said, “I think he knows that his government is on borrowed time.”

So was Bush. “There was a real question about whether we’d be able to do this at all,” said a White House aide. Within five weeks, the House had voted to oppose the troop buildup and Democratic leaders were vowing to tie Bush’s hands.

Most worrisome was the discontent among Republicans. “It could have potentially strangled this strategy in the crib,” Wehner said.

Depending on Baghdad While Bush played defense in Washington, he also needed to turn up the pressure in Baghdad. The strategy would never work, Bush aides knew, unless Maliki stepped up. National security adviser Stephen J. Hadley had outlined in a memo last fall the deep White House skepticism about the prime minister’s intentions and abilities to take on Shiite militias.

Bush instituted videoconference calls with Maliki every two weeks, prodding him to seek accord among Sunni, Shiite and Kurdish factions.

At first, the Americans noticed some change. Maliki, who previously had blocked U.S. forces from taking on the Mahdi Army militia of radical

Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr, gave Petraeus the green light to go after anyone responsible for attacks. He also deployed three Iraqi brigades in Baghdad, as promised.

Sadr fled for Iran in February, concerned that U.S. forces would target him. It was a “very personal” decision, not a strategic one, said a senior U.S. intelligence official. “He fled because he feared for his safety.”

With Sadr out of the picture, his power base weakened and supporters began fighting among themselves.

Some decided to become more politically active and stop mobilizing against U.S. forces. Others began attacking Sunnis.

More striking was the emerging shift in Anbar; al-Qaida and Sunni insurgents had grown so dominant in the western province that military intelligence had all but given up on the area months earlier. Bush benefited from good timing. As he introduced his new strategy, Marine commanders had already made common cause with local Sunni tribal leaders who had broken with the Sunni insurgent group al-Qaida in Iraq, also called AQI. Why the sheiks turned remains a point of debate, but it seems clear that the tribes resented al-Qaida’s efforts to ban smoking and marry local women to build ties to the region.

“Marrying women to strangers, let alone foreigners, is just not done,” Australian Lt. Col. David Kilcullen, a Petraeus adviser, wrote in an essay.

“AQI killed a sheik over his refusal to give daughters of his tribe in marriage,” which led to revenge killings continued on page 8

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Monday, September 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Global health institute, faculty hires proposed in int’l report continued from page 1 introduce within the next several weeks. The new vice president is expected to take office Jan. 1.

“Students can expect the effort to ramp up rather dramatically, beginning in just a few months,” Kertzer told The Herald.

In the meantime, the report calls for “seed funding” to develop new internationally-focused programs and initiatives. That funding will be available mainly to faculty in increments normally up to $10,000, but possibly as much as $20,000 in a few instances, Kertzer said.

Many of the report’s proposed initiatives represent attempts at coordinating the University’s existing international scholarship and activities. The new institute and an accompanying spate of new initia-

tives proposed by the committee’s global health working group, for example, are intended to consolidate internationally-focused health research and scholarship already occurring at Brown. Suggestions such as a possible initiative in the nascent field of international investment or a summer institute for internationallyminded humanities scholars, would aim to hone Brown’s reputation in other current areas of strength.

Other proposals include expanding participation by minority students and science concentrators in study abroad, better supporting international students and scholars on campus, broadening Brown’s environmental efforts, an initiative to improve the international quality of Brown’s science and technology education, a center for the study of African development and improv-

ing support for the development studies and other internationallyfocused interdisciplinary programs on campus.

The University must be “ambitious” in carrying out its international plans, the report urges, but it also cautions that any approach should be “distinctive” to Brown.

This can be accomplished by focusing on areas where Brown has already established a reputation and by recognizing Brown students’ penchant for interdisciplinary study and instinct for service, Kertzer told The Herald. Because Brown lacks high-profile professional schools and the international contacts that accompany them, it will likely focus on building partnerships — rather than physical satellite campuses — overseas, he added.

“What we want to avoid is a sort

of me-too-ism,” said committee member Peter Andreas, associate professor of political science and director of the international relations program. “Lots of universities around the country are trying to internationalize, and Brown needs to do this … in its own way.”

“The way to do that is by building on some of Brown’s own already self-evident strengths, rather than trying to completely reinvent itself,” he added.

The report’s broad scope could significantly impact decisions throughout the University and is likely to become a priority in future faculty hires and University spending through the Plan for Academic Enrichment, Simmons’ blueprint for expanding the faculty, improving academics and reshaping the University’s physical campus.

“The committee has urged us to increase our faculty and other resources in a number of key regions whose importance is likely to grow in this century,” Kertzer wrote in his e-mail, identifying China, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America in particular. “Adding strength in these areas will require both new resources and possibly reallocating some existing resources.”

Internationalizing Brown, the report concludes, will require “a significant number of faculty hires.”

The report also suggests continued focus on raising the profile of Brown’s graduate programs, for which applications have doubled in the past five years. Both the report and Kertzer’s e-mail state the importance of a strong reputation in graduate education as a crucial component in fostering international recognition.

Yet the committee did not intend to focus on any one segment of the University, said committee member Richard Spies, executive vice president for planning and senior adviser to the president. Because the proposed initiative “builds on and expands the strengths of the Plan for Academic Enrichment,” its benefits — such as more internationallyfocused faculty, research opportunities and partnerships — will be felt throughout the University.

“We’re talking about Brown’s having a much greater leadership role in higher education around the world and in the world more generally,” Spies said.

Committee members told The Herald they hoped the report’s release would catalyze campus discussion about internationalization and perhaps generate further ideas to guide the effort.

“The idea is to provoke and inspire a lot of conversation,” Andreas said. “(The report) is still very much a work in progress. … It’s the beginning of a larger conversation and therefore a larger project.”

Despite recommending that Brown continue to improve and expand its international activities, the report found the University’s efforts already impressive in some areas.

In many cases, the committee found Brown is already active on the international stage. Study abroad programs and language study are strong, a diverse range of curricular options and international research interests already exist and foreign students and faculty make up a substantial part of the University population, the committee found.

But, its report said, although the University is already “highly internationalized … Brown’s current repertory of international engagement and commitments requires increased communication, cohesion, and expansion.”

Some work that began in the committee will now continue beyond the release of the repor t, Kertzer said, giving as an example the global health working group’s intention to continue working through the fall to help bring about its envisioned institute.

The committee approached its work from a disciplinar y perspective, breaking into six working groups that focused on areas ranging from the study of international pover ty to science and technology and the environment. The repor t’s 10 appendices include the full findings of all of the working groups.

For geographic perspective, the committee received presentations on Brown’s current involvement in Africa, China, the Middle East, Latin America and South Asia.

Monday, September 10, 2007

man ’ s b e st fri e nd ?

M. soccer wins big — twice continued from page 12

Rahul Keerthi / Herald The Brown Robotics Group hosted an interactive robotics and graphics demonstration, featuring these dog-like creatures, at the CIT on Friday.

Field hockey falls to Dartmouth in opener continued from page 12 them aside. Posa said that though Brown’s failure to tie the was disappointing, she was pleased with the team’s strong second half attack.

“I was excited about how much pressure we were putting on their keeper,” she said. “I think she played a really good game. I think we got a lot of nice shots off, (and) she made some good saves. We had great movement in the circle, which is something that we definitely improved on from last game.”

Both Harrington and Posa praised Hodavance, who finished with six saves. Harrington also commended freshmen Cami Misas ’11, a midfielder making her collegiate debut, and Katie Hyland ’11, who played a critical role as the center midfielder in the second half.

Posa also noted the contributions of the freshmen. “We had a lot of young players on the field and they got out there and did their job with confidence,” she said.

The game was played under bright sunshine with a temperature

page 7

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

in the high-80s, but Harrington and Posa both denied that the conditions had an impact on the game. The heat didn’t seem to affect the crowd either, as more than 400 boisterous fans packed Warner Roof, providing support that fueled the team.

“I love playing on Warner Roof,” Harrington said. “It’s a venue where you feel like the fans are on top of you, and it’s tremendous. Any Brown student deserves to play in that type of arena.”

The Bears must put this loss behind them and focus on preparing for the Pioneers of Sacred Heart University, who they face Wednesday at 4 p.m. on Warner Roof. One critical area of focus will be improving the team’s first-half play.

“We are very disappointed in the way we began this game today,” Harrington said. “I certainly think there were aspects today where there were improvements from last Saturday, but we still have to focus ... They are a great group of kids. It’s just getting them consistent and sticking with the game plan from the first whistle to the last whistle.”

from the game for a defensive substitute, said he was “on the bench literally pulling his hair out.” When the clock hit zero, the Bears had come away with a victory in their first matchup with a top-5 opponent since tying the No. 4 University of California-Berkeley in 2004.

The Bears played Fordham in a very different atmosphere Sunday, but posted the same successful re-

sult. Sheehan nutmegged the Rams goalie after a Fordham defensive lapse in the 26th minute and Howerton volleyed home a shot from the top of the box six minutes later to give the Bears a 2-0 lead.

“I was actually trying to shoot it far-post,” Sheehan, the tournament offensive MVP, said. “I mis-hit it so I was pretty happy to see it go in.”

Fordham struck in the opening minute of the first half, but Brown applied the pressure and created

numerous scoring chances for the rest of the half. Davies provided an insurance goal at the 68:52 when he banged home a beautiful cross-goal feed from Jon Okafor ’11.

The team is hoping that the banner weekend will give the squad momentum for the rest of the year and hopefully another NCAA Tournament run in November. Brown will next be in action on Thursday when it hosts Maine at 3:00 on Stevenson Field.

Silent film and music videos feature in RISD exhibit continued from page 3 the White Stripes videos “Fell in Love with a Girl” and “The Hardest Button to Button.”

Allison discussed how a set of music videos and a film by French avant-garde filmmaker and photographer Man Ray both played with the idea of flatness and motion

and called to the viewer’s attention the medium they were watching.

In another set, technology goes to work on the humans present in the films: The black-and-white clip shows how human actions mimic machinery — or is it the other way around? Meanwhile, the music videos (both directed by Gondry) show the White Stripes cheerfully

being controlled by their instruments and industrialization taking over the French countryside.

It involves some careful thought and interpretation, but the latest exhibit at the RISD Museum is a great deal of fun, and at the very least, a chance to watch some great music videos. The exhibition runs through Feb. 24, 2008.

Admission Office checks out applicants on Facebook continued from page 1 he doesn’t think admission officers consult Facebook during the application “reading season,” he still warned, “Students should definitely be careful,” adding that potential employers could be on Facebook too.

Barmak Nassirian, associate executive director of the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, was stunned that any admission officers would use Facebook in the admission process. “If they use it, our recommendation would be to stop immediately because it’s inappropriate,” he said.

Nassirian expressed concern about the importance of boundaries in checking students’ back-

grounds.

“Where do you stop?” Nassirian asked. If admission officers began to systematically use Facebook, he worried, they might then begin to treat the admission process as an investigation.

The admission process should include only the information the student consents to giving, he said.

For an admission officer to look at something the student has not submitted is “highly problematic,” Nassirian said.

Nassirian was to careful to distinguish between finding information accidentally and seeking it out in media like Facebook. It is acceptable if an admission officer were to accidentally find information about an applicant through a medium other

than the application, he said.

Though the practice of checking on college applicants’ Facebook profiles is not widespread, Nassirian said, students should understand that their “behavior out there on the Web is behavior in public.”

Anderson said he has interacted with college applicants on Facebook.

One student’s profile picture was “a little bit inappropriate,” Anderson said, so he sent the student a message advising him to change his picture.

“I don’t look at high school students who are applying to Brown on the Facebook,” he said. Still, his Facebook profile’s education and work information includes a description of his work at Brown: “I’m the Decider.”

Page 8 TURKEY

100

N North (4)

NINEVEH

Eu ph

TAMIM

N

ris Tig

IRAQ

W

DIYALA Baqubah

W

W

B

Ramadi B

+10,000

ris Tig

Baghda d Int’l

Eup

Sadr City

hrat

KUWAIT

Tigris

FORCES/SECURITY

U.S.

200

200 146,600

Congress passes a $122 billion war bill calling for troop withdrawals. Bush approves more troops for the surge.

Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates extends troop deployments to 15 months. The Senate majority leader says the “war is lost.”

F M A M J

J A

0

Coalition

Iraqis in U.S. custody 23,000

20,000

179,700 168

132

15,000

14,000

10,000 5,000

11.7

14.6

J

F M A M J

APRIL

A National Intelligence Estimate warns that sectarian divisions in Iraq threaten its government.

25,000

300

J

— Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates

MARCH

President Bush addresses the nation to unveil his “new way forward,” sending more troops to Iraq.

400

300

0

+3,000

FEBRUARY

EVENTS IN WASHINGTON

(excluding Iraqis), in thousands

100

“This recognizes . . . that our forces are stretched.”

A

A suicide bomb explodes in a Green Zone cafeteria on April 12. Days later, car bombs kill 191 in Baghdad.

U.S. and coalition troops

100

J

Ryan C. Crocker arrives in Iraq as ambassador. U.S. troops go to outposts in Baghdad’s most violent areas.

In thousands

323,000

J

Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki launches security sweeps in Baghdad. Shiite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr leaves for Iran.

Iraqi security forces 359,700

M

Disguised gunmen enter a secure site on Jan. 20 and kill five U.S. troops as more than two dozen die that day.

Before the troop increase, the U.S. military had 15 combat brigades deployed in three divisions throughout Iraq.

400

A

EVENTS IN IRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA

JANUARY

Indicators of Iraq’s security and infrastructure since the beginning of the surge.

M

132,000 U.S. troops

Basra

B

F

JANUARY

es

B

B

J

is

Abu Ghraib

Green Zone

+14,000

WASIT

B Najaf

B

At end of each month (approximate)

r Tig

5

U.S. troop increase from January:

IRAN

KARBALA BABIL

Baghdad

168,000

132,000

Detail below

ANBAR

W

U.S. troop totals

Each brigade represents about 3,500 troops.

Support troops not shown.

SALAHUDDIN

N

JORDAN

W West (4)

N Kirkuk

es rat

SYRIA

In January, President Bush announced a new U.S. troop buildup in Iraq, aimed at bolstering security in Baghdad and Anbar province in order to “create space” for political reconciliation and give the government time to rebuild its security forces. Following is a look at the situation in Iraq since the troop increase began.

B Baghdad (7)

Mosul

N

Measuring the ‘Surge’

Combat brigades in each division

J A

0

J

F M A M J

37,000

Approximate number of prisoners in Iraqi custody, up from fewer than 20,000 in January.

J A

ENERGY

0 MILES

0 MILES

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Electricity

Gasoline available (domestic and imported), millions of liters/day

Average megawatts generated 5000

4,220

4000 3,590

15 4,340

3000

JAN:

0

8

J

1.67

9.2

6

AUG:

0.5

3

10

F M A M J

1.76

1.5 1.3 1.0

Avg. daily hours of electricty

1000

Millions of barrels/day 2.0

11.2

12 11 9

2000

Crude oil exports

J A

0

J

As of Aug. 28

F M A M J

J A

0.0

J

F M A M J

As of Aug. 19

J A

As of Aug. 28

Iraq ‘surge’ questioned as Gen. Petraeus to give report today continued from page 5 by the tribe.

The sheik who forged the alliance with the Americans, Abdul Sattar Abu Risha, traced the decision to fight al-Qaida to Sept. 14, 2006, long before the new Bush strategy, but the president’s plan dispatched another 4,000 U.S. troops to Anbar to exploit the situation. As security improved, the White House eagerly took credit.

The “Anbar Awakening” represented perhaps the most important shift in years, but it generated little debate at the White House. Long before the tribes switched sides, the administration had conducted an exercise to devise policy on how to team up with former insurgents.

But when it occurred in reality, it bubbled up from the ground with no Washington involvement. “We’re not smart enough to know the course that these matters might take,” Rice conceded to an Australian newspaper last week.

The alliances generated angst among Maliki and other Shiite leaders in Baghdad, who saw the Americans working with Sunni militias and wondered whether such groups would turn against them. “There were a couple times we got from

Maliki very, very alarming, “What are you guys doing?’ messages,” recalled another top official.

Troops and More Troops As Petraeus settled into his new command, he decided to press for 8,000 additional support troops beyond the 21,500 combat forces the president had committed. Just a week earlier, Gates had told Congress that maybe only 2,000 or 3,000 more might be needed. As he reviewed a briefing sheet in preparation for more testimony, he was annoyed to see a larger request buried on the page. Gates fumed that “this is going to make us look like idiots,” said a defense official. But Gates got Petraeus the troops.

More critical was the defense secretary’s decision to extend deployments in Iraq from 12 months to 15 months. The generals told Gates that the extra brigades flowing to Iraq had stretched the military close to the breaking point. “We ran out of forces, that’s what happened,” said a senior Army official. To keep the buildup going and to offer predictability for troops and families, Gates approved the longest overseas combat deployments since World War II. In doing so, Gates — who three months earlier had said no one

thought the surge would last 18 months — enabled the surge to last almost 18 months. Although that was not the stated reason for the deployment extension, in effect it redefined the troop buildup into a longer mission than first envisioned.

Bush aides and U.S. military planners in Iraq then began assuming the extra forces would remain at least through April 2008 — even as Congress was trying to force a timetable for withdrawal through spending legislation.

Lawmakers were not alone. At Centcom, based in Tampa, Fla., Fallon worried that Iraq was undermining the military’s ability to confront other threats, such as Iran.

“When he took over, the reality hit him that he had to deal with Afghanistan, the Horn of Africa and a whole bunch of other stuff besides Iraq,” said a top military officer.

Fallon was also derisive of the Iraqi leaders’ intentions and competence, leaving him dubious about the surge. “He’s been saying from day one, ‘This isn’t working,’ ” said a senior administration official. And he signaled his departure from Bush by ordering subordinates to avoid the term “long war” — a phrase the president used to describe the fight against terrorism.

To Bush aides, Gates did not seem fully on board with the president’s strategy, either. As a member of the congressionally chartered Iraq Study Group prior to his selection to head the Pentagon, Gates had embraced proposals to scale back the U.S. presence in Iraq. Now that he was in the Cabinet, he kept his own counsel.

But he consulted regularly with former national security adviser Brent Scowcroft, a noted critic of the Iraq war, told Army audiences privately that a troop decrease was inevitable and tried to avoid Sunday talk shows during the fight over the war-spending bill to preserve relations with lawmakers, according to administration sources. The senior official said Gates fell in the middle of the spectrum, between Petraeus and Fallon.

A Pentagon official said Gates is “very concerned about all of our energy” being devoted to Iraq, an “overcommitment that is consuming and distracting us from everything else. On the other hand, he knows there can’t be another Saigon.

There’s this balance.”

He was not the only skeptic. At the White House, deputy national security adviser Meghan O’Sullivan, who had long held the Iraq portfolio, stepped down and Hadley decided to reorganize. Too many requests from the field were getting bottled up in the Washington bureaucracy, so Hadley decided to find a “war czar” who could knock heads and make things happen. The only problem: More than a half-dozen retired fourstar generals turned him down.

At the same time, Gates visited Petraeus in late April just as Congress was about to pass war-funding legislation mandating troop withdrawals, a bill Bush would later veto. Under pressure to show results, Gates and Petraeus played for time. A day after Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., declared that “this war is lost,” they decided Petraeus and Crocker would give an update in September.

They hoped that would buy them another five months. What they didn’t anticipate was that a simple progress report would become a

make-or-break moment.

Little Progress to Report By that point, there was not much political progress to report in Iraq.

Bush grew aggravated by Maliki’s inability to forge agreements to address grievances fueling sectarian strife, such as allowing low-level members of Saddam Hussein’s Baath Party back into government, passing a law governing oil revenue distribution and setting provincial elections.

Bush had been using his biweekly video conferences with Maliki to shore up the Iraqi leader but he also used the calls to make clear American patience had grown short. He pressed Maliki several times on the oil law in particular, irritated that the Iraqis had told him repeatedly that they had a deal only to see it unravel.

Amid heated congressional debate that spring, the White House again confronted the question Hadley had raised in his memo last fall: Could Maliki deliver? “There were some who argued that Maliki was not the best guy for the job,” said a State Department official. “But the answer came back that if you change the prime minister, then any prospect of progress on the political front stops completely while they try to form a new government.”

Bush rejected suggestions to help oust Maliki, reasoning that he was the product of a democratic system the United States helped establish in Iraq, aides said. Moreover, as officials contemplated alternatives, they concluded there was no better potential leader. “There’s no Nelson Mandela in Iraq,” Crocker, the ambassador, told colleagues back in Washington. “Saddam killed them all.”

But Bush agreed to increase pressure on Maliki by codifying 18 benchmarks set in war-funding legislation, such as the oil law and deBaathification, and asked O’Sullivan to go to Baghdad to help Maliki and other leaders reach consensus.

At the same time, the Maliki government pressed the Americans continued on page 9

Monday, September 10, 2007

page 9

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD Increase past 30,000 is temporary as units leaving and arriving overlap.

168,000

0 MILES

+36,000

TURKEY

100

+28,000

“There are many differences between the wars we fought in the Far East and the war on terror we are fighting today. But one important similarity is that, at their core, they are all ideological struggles.”

JULY

After a Bush veto, Congress passes a war funding bill that mandates status reports in July and September.

Gates says Joint Chiefs Chairman Peter Pace will not be renominated. The total U.S. death toll passes 3,500.

The White House releases an interim report claiming satisfactory progress on half of the benchmarks set by Congress.

Dozens of congressmen travel to Iraq. Sen. John W. Warner (R-Va.) calls for troop redeployments by Christmas.

100,000

90,000

80,000 60,000

Number of Iraqi refugees outside the country, including those from past wars.

J

F M A M J

J A

JORDAN

Number of Iraqis displaced internally because of the war.

300

4,000 3,550

0

76

J

F M A M J

J A

0

1,584

84

to sit down with Iranian officials in hopes of stopping Tehran from funding and arming Shiite militias. Bush had rejected proposals by the Iraq Study Group and others to talk with Iran, but Rice decided it was time.

When Rice told Crocker to get ready for talks with Iran, he asked her the “blindingly obvious” question of whether Vice President Dick Cheney would allow it, a U.S. official said. Rice, according to the official, told Crocker that it “wasn’t your lane,” adding, “I’ll work it back here.

That’s not your problem.”

Rice overcame resistance from Cheney for talks with both Syria and Iran, and Crocker met an Iranian envoy in Baghdad. In the end, the talks led nowhere. Around the same time, Sadr decided to leave his seclusion in Iran and return to Iraq, arriving in a showy motorcade to deliver a trademark anti-American sermon.

But he has been unable to assert as much control as before, according to U.S. intelligence officials.

Anbar now looked even more successful, and while Americans had originally considered the situation unique, they began considering ways to replicate it. As part of the new Bush strategy, Rice had established 10 provincial reconstruction teams around Iraq to work with local officials rather than rely on the ineffectual central government. In speeches, Bush began hailing “bottom-up” reconciliation.

Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno, Petraeus’s deputy, sent a memo to U.S. commanders in Iraq urging them to seek local deals like that in Anbar through reward money, and non-lethal aid such as radios, clothes and telephones. “Reconciliation is local,” he wrote, “and there is no one-size-fits-all solution to this complex problem.”

From Skeptic to War Czar By the time Lt. Gen. Douglas E. Lute arrived at the White House as the war czar overseeing Iraq and Afghanistan, the president’s aides were deep in the throes of writing an interim report on the benchmarks due to Congress on July 15. Like many of his former colleagues at the Pentagon, Lute had been a skeptic of the surge. Now he was charged

Basra

Tig

B Tigris

SAUDI ARABIA

Attacks on oil and gas pipelines and facilities 20

14

J A

10

300

Number of personnel on provincial reconstruction teams, which disburse money for projects and advise on civic and economic issues.

5 5

1,000

F M A M J

es

B

15

0

J

F M A M J

J A

0

J

F M A M J

J A

SOURCES: Brookings Institution’s “Iraq Index,” Defense Department briefings, State Department officials, UNHCR, Iraqi Health Ministry, staff reports

As of July 23

with making it successful.

He showed up the first few days wearing his uniform before realizing that it would be better to switch to a suit. Unlike his predecessor, Lute briefed the president at 7 a.m. every day, giving him clout to resolve thorny matters. He told his staff to narrow down their priorities from 100 issues to the top 20.

His first task was the draft report to Congress, which he deemed excessively positive. The draft claimed satisfactory progress on twice as many benchmarks as unsatisfactory, despite the Iraqi government’s failure to meet most political or economic goals.

On one benchmark, the State Department wanted to say the Iraqis were making satisfactory progress spending their own money on reconstruction, while the Treasury Department disagreed. Lute decided the goal was not being met. “He said we’ve got to call a ball either out or in and this one was out,” recalled one official involved. The White House eventually split the difference, judging that benchmark as “partially-met.”

Lute also arrived at a time of renewed political alarm inside the White House, as leading establishment Republicans, including Sens.

Richard Lugar of Indiana, Pete Domenici of New Mexico and George Voinovich of Ohio, broke with Bush’s policy. Aides urged Bush to emphasize how the troop buildup would lead to eventual troop withdrawals once security was established. The president rejected that, concluding that if he “showed leg,” as one aide put it, it would only encourage more Republicans to defect.

Another new arrival in the West Wing set up a rapid-response unit hard-wired into Petraeus’s shop. Edward Gillespie, the new presidential counselor, organized daily conference calls at 7:45 a.m. and again in late afternoon between the White House, Pentagon, State Department and U.S. Embassy and military in Baghdad to map out ways of selling the surge.

The White House communications office from the start of the Bush plan had been blitzing an e-mail list of as many as 5,000 journalists, lawmakers, lobbyists, conservative bloggers, military groups and oth-

hrat

B

Green Zone

As of Aug. 26

continued from page 8

Eup

City

12

J

WASIT

C

BY AUGUST

3,000

100 83

IRAN

N

KUWAIT

232

91

C

Five combat brigades were added, and the units were reorganized into four divisions.

300

100

5

Abu Ghraib

EVENTS IN WASHINGTON

Iraqi civilian bodies taken to morgues

200

B

B Sadr

Baghda d Int’l

U.S. troops killed

200

W W

Najaf ris

EVENTS IN IRAQ

2,000

1.1 million

20,000

0 MILES

Iraqi military and police killed

50,000

40,000

0

2.2 million

DEATHS

The main Sunni bloc quits the Maliki government. An Aug. 14 suicide bombing kills at least 400.

DISPLACEMENT

The U.S. military makes “handshake” agreements with insurgents to fight alQaida terrorists.

N DIYALA N Baqubah

KARBALA C BABIL

B

Bombers topple minarets of the Golden Dome mosque in Samarra. Violence shifts to areas around Baghdad.

N

Ramadi C Detail below

Baghdad

AUGUST

A boost in troops leads to the capture of thousands of detainees, straining jails and detention facilities.

Iraqis newly displaced from their homes (approximate)

ANBAR

OTHER

JUNE

W

C Central (4)

ris Tig

MAY

IRAQ

W

— President Bush, comparing Iraq to Vietnam during a speech to the Veterans of Foreign Wars national convention

— Pentagon report to Congress

SALAHUDDIN ris Tig

Violence “has increased in most provinces, particularly in the outlying areas of Baghdad province and Diyala and Nineveh provinces.”

W West (4)

N Kirkuk TAMIM

es rat

+17,000

N North (6)

NINEVEH

Eu ph

SYRIA

B Baghdad (6)

Mosul

N

+25,000

Combat brigades in each division

BY LAURARaghavan STANTON, SETH HAMBLIN, JOSH WHITE AND M.K.by CANNISTRA — THE WASHINGTONPost POST Washington Post photo (below) by Sudarsan / Graphic (above) the Washington

An Iraqi woman (below) complains to Maj. Ron Minty, of Granby, Colo., in Baghdad’s Dora marketplace.

ers with talking points or rebuttals of criticism. Between Jan. 10 and last week, the office put out 93 such documents in various categories — “Myths/Facts” or “Setting the Record Straight” to take issue with negative news articles or “In Case You Missed It” to distribute positive articles or speeches.

Gillespie arranged several presidential speeches to make strategic arguments, such as comparing Iraq to Vietnam or warning of Iranian interference. When critics assailed Bush for overstating ties between alQaida and the group called al-Qaida in Iraq, Gillespie organized a Bush speech to make his case. “The whole idea is to take these things on before they become conventional wisdom,” said White House communications director Kevin Sullivan. “We have a very short window.”

Positive Messages Petraeus was doing his part in Baghdad, hosting dozens of lawmakers and military scholars for PowerPoint presentations on why the Bush strategy had made gains. Many Republicans and even Democrats came home impressed and suddenly even critics were agreeing that Petraeus had made some progress in security even though the Iraqi political situation remained a mess. Petraeus also persuaded intelligence officials to revise some key judgments of a new National Intelligence Estimate on Iraq to reflect security gains.

Some visitors suspected a skewed picture. “We only saw things that reinforced their message that the surge was working,” said Rep. Jan Schakowsky, D-Ill. But Bush understood the “breathing space” had yielded little political reconciliation. He was impressed by Maliki’s decisiveness after the June

read share recycle

bombing of minarets at the Golden Mosque in Samarra, avoiding the violence that followed the destruction of the temple a year earlier. But as summer wore on, Bush grew blunt in his conference calls with Maliki.

As one aide recalled, “He would say, “Hey, you told me you were going to do X, Y and Z. What happened? Are you going to get agreement on these key pieces of legislation or not?”’

In Baghdad, Crocker, the ambassador, and O’Sullivan pressed Maliki to reach consensus with four other Iraqi leaders representing Sunnis, Shiites and Kurds. In late August the five announced agreement on a path forward on stalled legislation such as de-Baathification. A week later, Bush made a surprise visit to Anbar where he met with Maliki and the others to congratulate them, then met with the sheiks to highlight the success of the U.S.-tribal coalition.

“I sensed a more optimistic feeling among the Americans and Iraqis than ever before,” said Iraqi Vice President Adel Abdul Mahdi. “All of us sensed a much better security situation. ... If we had talked about a meeting in Anbar with Bush and

his team six months earlier, no one would have believed us.”

The trip energized Bush and his team. Even Gates said he was more optimistic than he had ever been since taking office. While the secretary had been “cagey” in the past, a senior defense official said, “He’s come to the conclusion that what Petraeus is doing is actually more effective than what he thought.”

But the trip did not end the debate. Fallon has made the case that Petraeus’s recommendations should consider the political reality in Washington and lay out a guide to troop withdrawals, while Petraeus has resisted that beyond a possible token pullout of a brigade early next year, according to military officials. The Joint Chiefs have been sympathetic to Fallon’s view.

In an interview Friday, Fallon said he and Petraeus have reached accommodation about Monday’s testimony. “The most important thing is I’m very happy with what Dave has recommended,” he said. As for the earlier discussions, he begged off. “It’s too politically charged right now.”

E ditorial & L etters Page 10

Monday, September 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Staf f Editorial Wielding the power of her presidency The University and College Union’s proposed boycott of Israeli professors and academic institutions is the wrong response to what the UCU describes as “the denial of educational rights for Palestinians” in Israel. And at first glance, President Simmons’ decision not to include her name on an extensive list of university presidents across the country who condemned the proposed boycott seemed a surprisingly silent reaction to what has become a complicated, emotional and divisive situation.

The absence of Simmons’ name from a New York Times advertisement signed by almost 300 university presidents was initially baffling given that the letter’s stance exhibited rare unity among American university presidents — a group that, these days, focuses more on fundraising than intellectual leadership. The agreement of 286 university presidents sends a powerful message that such a boycott is antithetical to the purposes of higher education, where politics should not interfere with the expansion and transmission of knowledge.

Though Simmons’ personal letter to the UCU shows that her position is in line with the letter published in the Times, her decision to forgo that letter for a personal one drew more questions about why she chose not to be included than it brought attention to her, and Brown’s, stance on the boycott. Rather than highlighting her well-considered reasons for not signing on and voicing her views in her own words, Simmons’ quiet decision to opt out suggested hesitancy to take a stand.

Simmons told The Herald the advertisement didn’t fully address why the boycott is objectionable and that she sought a “salient and more prolonged” argument instead. But the advertisement did not simply broadcast opposition to the boycott. It meaningfully signaled that these academics are willing to use the power of their presidencies to speak out in the public square.

By not signing the joint letter — and by not publicizing her independently written letter — Simmons sent a mixed message that she may not have intended to.

Simmons’ comfort crafting intelligent and thought-provoking positions on several subjects has been a key characteristic of her half-decade at Brown’s helm. It’s likely her tenure will be remembered in large part for her bold decision to use the presidential pulpit to commission an investigation into Brown’s ties to slavery. And Simmons’ letter to the UCU and her comments on this issue to The Herald have been impressively thoughtful and insightful.

Speaking with The Herald, Simmons expressed a laudable desire to engage students and faculty on this topic now that the academic year is underway. Most students are either unaware or uninformed about the issues raised by the UCU, but many would react passionately on either side of the debate if the University were to host a forum or campus discussion about the boycott.

In an era of cliche apathy among college students, Simmons could usefully attract the campus’ attention to other issues if she so chose. And we’d like to hear her thoughts more often. In what are likely her last several years as one of the United States’ most popular and visible university presidents, we hope Simmons will decide to speak out on matters of great significance, without waiting for her fellow university presidents to take the lead.

roxanne palmer

Letters Brown v. Board of Ed. remains intact To the Editor: Although I applaud Lindsey Meyers ’09 for drawing our attention to the potential long-term effects of President Bush’s Supreme Court appointments (“Bush leaves his mark — and it’s not Iraq,” Sept. 5), her article gets an important point wrong.

The Court’s recent decision in the Parents Involved in Community Schools case does not contradict anything it decided in Brown v. Board of Education, which merely struck down laws mandating the racial segregation of schools. Specifically, the court in Brown v. Board did not assert the constitutionality of using race as a factor in assigning students to schools as it later did in Swann

v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education. It is thus the Swann case and not Brown v. Board on which the Court has reversed itself.

Of course, it is more exciting to accuse Bush’s appointees of being responsible for the overturning of Brown v. Board, probably the most cherished Supreme Court decision, than of Swann, which no one has ever heard of. But the Court has actually been true to Brown v. Board in this recent case — both decisions simply commanded school districts “to stop discriminating on the basis of race.”

Casey Marks ‘01.5 GS Sept. 5

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O pinions Monday, September 10, 2007

page 11

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

A eulogy for pink registration slips

BY MAHA ATAL Opinions Columnist Last Wednesday, I went out for my first day of classes with a shopping list of 15 courses and absolutely no idea what I’d be taking. Eagerly, I signed up for everything ­— even courses outside my usual fields — and added new courses to my list each time a friend invited me to tag along to class. All week, I ran into fellow seniors who were just as unsure of their plans as I was.

On Friday, standing in the never-ending line at the bookstore, buying books for two out of my four classes, I eavesdropped on four freshmen with their schedules all set in stone. Two of them hadn’t shopped at all; one had shopped a little but had shied away from classes filled mostly by upperclassmen.

The fourth one said she wasn’t sure if she was “allowed” to take certain courses without the listed prerequisites. In a class later that afternoon, I heard a freshman beg a professor to let her into a class, even though the professor had announced at the beginning that the class was open enrollment.

How come all the upperclassmen I know— who have concentration requirements to fill,— just want to shop around, while all the freshmen—who have the most room to choose—are so concerned about rules? What ever happened to the lack of structure Brown is famous for?

This semester I’ve been thinking quite a bit about curricular changes, since I came back to find the registrar’s pink slips replaced by Banner. And much as I love the convenience of registering online, I wonder if this technologi-

cal upgrade isn’t a veiled policy change to the New Curriculum.

After all, with online registration, it’s easier to enforce course caps, since the system can simply block a student from choosing a course that is full. In the next version of Banner, the system will also bar students from classes deemed too advanced for them.

Technically, course caps and prerequisites have always been a part of Brown classes. But in my time here, I’ve found that they were largely unobserved restrictions. A student who pushed hard enough, visited office hours or wrote passionate e-mails could always get into a class.

my comfort zone, some of the best moments have come from conversations in section with students for whom the class was a branching out. The class discussion was always made more valuable by having people of different approaches and academic backgrounds in the room. Older students, like myself, may barge into professors’ offices to get them to override the system and sign us up for a class.

But freshmen coming into this system might simply accept it, and over time, as those of us who remember the “old” Brown graduate, following the rules might become the norm.

Brown’s strength as an institution has always been our ability to offer something dif-

I worry that I have come to Brown just in time to experience that academic diversity and individualism before it’s swept away by Banner.

The best moments in my Brown academic experience have been two seminars for which, technically, I was unqualified. One was a senior history seminar I took as a freshman, the other an economics seminar I took with no prior economics background and complete mathematical illiteracy. In both classes, I was in over my head. In both classes, I worked harder and needed more of my professors’ help during office hours than a “qualified” student might have. Neither is a course I regret.

Meanwhile, in the classes I’ve taken inside

ferent from our peer colleges, not only in our academics but in the free-choice culture our curriculum encourages. Older friends who graduated from Brown in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s have similar stories of taking academic risks, but even more interesting are the stories of students who have taken years off to do non-academic work, travel or volunteer, and have managed to get credit for this, as part of their education as citizens of the world.

I worry that I have come to Brown just in time to experience that academic diversity

and individualism before it’s swept away by Banner and other “upgrades” the University is contemplating. Just last year, the University came eerily close to re-instituting pluses and minuses in our grading system.

I’m far from an opponent of technology, but it would not have been difficult to institute an online registration system that replicated the freedom of the old system. Recognizing that with the paper slips, rules like prerequisites and course caps went largely unheeded, the University could have made those regulations into suggestions or warnings in the new course catalog, while still allowing students to sign up.

Professors could still determine course size during shopping period, based on seniority or writing samples and portfolios, as many professors under the old system did. With the current system, a student can be barred from a class without ever having the chance to shop it.

Part of me wonders if these policy changes through technology are deliberate. In the last decade Brown has made a concerted effort to shake its reputation as the “hippie” Ivy by investing in new facilities, fundraising heavily and trying to get our name higher up on the U.S. World and News Report rankings. Meanwhile, according to the Princeton Review, we’re no longer the nation’s happiest students.

I have lost count of the number of students I know who chose Brown over another top college because they knew it would be different.

I’d hate to see that difference vanish in our zeal to get online.

Maha Atal ’08 likes things the old-fashioned way.

The cost of buying an organ is more than just monetary

BY DON TRELLA Opinions Columnist I did not want my first column of the semester to be a response to a fellow columnist and friend, but my Democratic heart could not help itself after reading James Shapiro’s Sept.

6 column “Rethinking Kidney Markets.” To be fair, the column highlights a lot of very real problems with the kidney donation system (and the organ donation system overall) as it exists in the status quo. However, the solution does not lie in trading organs on the open market. I will offer two alternatives that do not incur the same negative moral repercussions.

In doing so, I hope to advance the idea that we can make the system work better for every American, rather than just a privileged few.

No citizen should be socially or economically induced to “part with an extraneous appendage” in order to “help pay for a house.” One’s second kidney is far from extraneous — it’s a life insurance policy on oneself and one’s family that working Americans should not have an economic incentive to eschew.

First, let’s make one distinction perfectly clear that the original column did not — there are two different paths by which a kidney gets from a donor to a recipient. According to the National Institutes of Health, while one source of kidneys is living donors (the source that James’s column focuses on), about two-thirds of the roughly 17,000 kidneys transplanted into the bodies of recipients each year come from the recently dead.

Shapiro says, “Critics of kidney sales often imagine grisly scenes in which rich patients harvest kidneys from the desperately poor.

But studies of (live) kidney donors indicate that the long-term health risks … are minor.”

This argument doesn’t deny that rich people would still exploit the destitute; instead it just

urges us not to feel bad about it because the vast majority of poor folks donating will be okay. Even this assertion, however, is dubious.

Shapiro touts a 1997 study that tracked 430 donors who donated kidneys at some point during a 30-year period; none died from kidney failure. But in the last 19 years alone, 83,616 living people donated one of their kidneys to someone in need. For those of you without a calculator handy, 430 is about 0.5 percent of 83,616. We cannot universalize from a sample size this small.

in exchange for higher wages, but those jobs are usually vital to the very survival of society itself. The world we all live in would be very frightening with no military, no law enforcement and no firefighters to protect us, for example. Hence, the wages they earn must include a premium to compensate them for the danger they incur. Unfortunately, the very act of adjusting a person’s wage by considering death risk inherently cheapens the value of human life by assigning a monetary value to it.

No citizen should be socially or economically induced to “part with an extraneous appendage” in order to “help pay for a house.” One’s second kidney is far from extraneous — it’s a life insurance policy on oneself and one’s family that working Americans should not have an economic incentive to eschew.

The question, however, is not ultimately about the health risks. It is about the values of our society and what kind of message we send when we allow the desperate to go under the knife and risk their lives (and their family’s well-being) to benefit society’s most advantaged. Shapiro claims that people take riskier or more dangerous jobs all the time

As a consequence, we try to minimize economic transactions that have these negative social impacts (like the commodification of human life or human dignity) as much as we can. That’s why we make it unlawful for people to sell themselves into indentured servitude, prostitute themselves, sell their babies in a compensated adoption market, or

broker contracts with would-be mad scientists as subjects in wholly unethical medical or behavioral experiments. We similarly outlaw a cash-for-kidneys exchange and should continue to do so.

Upholding our most cherished American values and helping people in need of kidneys are not mutually exclusive. One way to solve the kidney shortage problem is to change organ donation from an opt-in system to an opt-out system. Many people are simply apathetic and resolve to “become a donor eventually,” then die before getting around to it. If the default position was “donor,” those who for religious or personal reasons want to be buried with all of their organs could still have those final wishes respected. Everyone else who doesn’t care enough to fill out the “opt-out form” and places higher value on getting the hell out of the Department of Motor Vehicles three minutes earlier is still included. In the event of child death, parents could act as proxies for the deceased. This would add significantly to the pool of available organs and could greatly reduce the need for family members or close friends to engage in live donation.

Another reform might be to give yearly tax credits to those who register as organ donors, as the states of Georgia and Wisconsin have done — after all, donors are saving the taxpayers money from being spent on costly dialysis treatments. Smart economic policy gives people an economic incentive to do something good, rather than something that is self-destructive (or exploitative). The government’s job shouldn’t be to intervene in free markets — its job is to ensure that market systems are structured in a way that inspires us to live up to our highest and best selves.

Don Trella ’08 thinks Brown should nevertheless hang on to the Hutchings-Votey organ for itself.

S ports M onday Page 12

M. soccer starts with big win at Classic

By Peter Cipparone Sports Editor

The men’s soccer team could hardly have cooked up a better weekend.

On Friday night, the Bears thrilled a massive crowd with a 2-1 victory over No. 5 Santa Clara University.

After a day off, the Bears dominated Fordham University en route to a 3-1 win Sunday and their first AdidasBrown Classic championship since the 2003 season.

Following two straight NCAA Tournament seasons, Brown opened its 2007 season with one of its biggest victories in several years. Brown offset Santa Clara’s speed with intensity from the opening minutes, but it could not stop the Broncos from getting on the board first. Santa Clara displayed its offensive skill when forward Brian Martin beat two defenders dribbling from the right corner to just inside the 18-yard box, then chipped a ball to Jide Ogunbiyi in the middle of the box. Ogunbiyi, one of the tallest players on the field, pounded a header into the top of the net to give the visitors the early lead.

The Bears hung with Santa Clara in the first half and tested the Broncos’ defense on multiple occasions.

Darren Howerton ’09 struck a few dangerous corner kicks that skirted through the box, and Stephen Sawyer ’09 and Rhett Bernstein ’09 succeeded in keeping the Broncos off the board with numerous defensive stops.

“I thought we played extremely well in the first half,” said Head Coach Mike Noonan. “It was a classic hard-fought college soccer game all the way through. The goal was pretty much a fluke ­— we missed a tackle, the ball popped through and they put it in.”

Undaunted by the deficit, Brown opened the second half with a bang.

Just four minutes into the second half, David Walls ’11, playing in his first collegiate game, swung a cross into the box from the right flank. Dylan Sheehan ’09 met the ball high in the air and redirected it past the sprawling Broncos goalkeeper and into the top corner of the net, sending the College Hill Kickoff crowd into a frenzy.

Monday, September 10, 2007

THE BROWN DAILY HERALD

Volleyball team visits Miami for Hurricane Invitational

By Amy Ehrhart Assistant Sports Editor

Ashley Hess / Herald

Dylan Sheehan ’09 scored two goals in the Bears’ two wins over the weekend.

But the Bears were far from finished. After up-and-down play for the next few minutes, Sheehan received the ball at midfield with enough time to collect himself and chip the ball to a streaking Kevin Davies ’08 at the top of the 18-yard box. Santa Clara goalkeeper Joseph Buttitta charged off his line, but Davies reached the ball first. He hit a shot from just outside the box that skipped into the empty net.

“Dylan flicked it over the defenders head, and I just put it over the

goalie and into the net,” Davies said.

“It was a great pass.”

Brown maintained its form for much of the rest of the half, but by the waning stages of the contest the Bears collapsed into a completely defensive position. At one point in the final five minutes, all 11 players positioned themselves inside the 18-yard box, and the entire team essentially played kickball in order to run out the clock. Davies, removed continued on page 7

The volleyball team traveled to the University of Miami to play in the Hurricane Invitational over the weekend. Although Brown won only one of its three matches at the Hurricane Invitational, it stayed close to some tough non-conference competition in all but one of its 11 games.

“There was only one game where our serve-receive fell apart,” said Head Coach Diane Short, referring to the first game against Miami.

“This has been one of our most consistent tournaments in the last four years.”

After losing to the University of Delaware 30-25, 23-30, 30-23, 30-16 on Friday night and Miami 30-15, 3023, 30-23 early Saturday, the Bears rebounded for a win against Loyola University of Chicago 30-26, 27-30, 30-28, 30-28 in their final match.

Brown’s hitting and defense were the highlights of a match against Delaware. Megan Toman ’11 posted a double-double of 17 kills and 20 digs in her collegiate debut at outside hitter.

“She’s a smart hitter, with very good ball control, and she’s played on a very high level club team,” Short said.

Any freshman jitters Toman had were nowhere to be found on the court.

“I felt pretty well prepared,” Toman said. “The girls (on the other team) were big, but I just went out there and played volleyball.”

Julie Mandolini-Trummel ’08 and Lillie Cohn ’09 added 11 and 10 kills respectively from the middle and right side. Short praised Cohn’s play especially, commenting that “Lillie really had a breakout tournament for us.”

The Delaware match was the Bears’ first match of the season, but the Blue Hens were undefeated through eight matches, so Short was happy that her team took at least one game. A key to that victory was a defensive change in

the back row for the Bears. They switched from a rotating, closer proximity defense to a wider and more spreadout perimeter defense to help combat Delaware’s taller hitters. They pulled the switch in the Loyola match as well.

“We play both defenses well, but when you play bigger teams, you have to switch defenses accordingly, and it really helps,” said captain Katie Lapinski ’08, who led all liberos on the weekend with 6.36 digs per game.

“A team that can adapt well in the middle of a game like that is going to win games,” Short added.

In their win against the Ramblers, the Bears’ defense and hitting continued to win valuable points in a close match.

Cohn, Mandolini-Trummel and Toman all contributed double-digits in kills again, while Natalie Meyers ’09 contributed 42 assists at setter.

There was a void at outside hitter though, as Lyndse Yess ’09 was sick and unable to play in the last game.

Kiana Alzate ’10 filled in nicely with eight kills.

Danielle Vaughan ’10 was another underclassmen who stepped up with higher hitting percentages and at least seven kills a game. Toman and Yess led the team in kills against Miami, but the rest of the team was shut down by Miami’s huge blockers who limited Bruno to a .094 hitting percentage overall.

“We played well considering the other teams have been playing for a while compared to us,” Toman said. For her outstanding efforts throughout the weekend, Toman earned a spot on the all-tournament team.

“It was kind of a shock, but I’ve felt really well prepared,” Toman said. “All the girls are so positive on the court.”

“Everyone who saw the court played well this weekend,” Short said. “I know we’re a much improved team over last year. I know this team, and I feel very confident.

I think we’re going to surprise some people.”

Big Green use first half to drop field hockey

By Andrew Braca Sports Staff Writer

Ashley Hess / Herald

Boisterous, shirtless fans looked on as the field hockey team fell to Dartmouth in Saturday’s home game.

Saturday afternoon the field hockey team dropped its home opener to Dartmouth, 2-1, in a hotly contested game on Warner Roof. Even though the result was disappointing, the Bears showed significant improvement after a rocky start in the previous Saturday’s 3-1 loss to the University of Vermont.

The Big Green came roaring out of the gate, controlling the initial minutes with several scoring chances before Ashley Hines flicked the ball past screened Bears’ goaltender Kristen Hodavance ’08 at 6:59 of the first half.

First-year Head Coach Tara Harrington ’94 admitted the Bears started sluggishly.

“I think that we didn’t transform the great energy we had in the pregame into the game in the first few minutes,” she said. “Dartmouth’s a very good team. They’re very fast with the ball and strong. We sat back a little bit and let them come into our defensive end and they capitalized. I think we played a little timid.”

The score remained 1-0 for the next 20 minutes as both teams blew scoring chances until Dartmouth capitalized again. After the Bears successfully defended a penalty corner, Katy Hagy knocked home a pass at 27:21 to give Dartmouth a 2-0 lead it took into halftime. Dartmouth outshot Brown 9-6 in the first half.

After the sluggish first half, Brown rebounded and outplayed Dartmouth in the final 35 minutes.

“I think that the kids started to settle in,” Harrington said. “We started to move the ball better. …

Our forwards were getting the ball and making nice runs upfield. As a unit we were moving and shifting together. And we were just more confident.”

Just 2:33 into the second half, that improved play resulted in a goal. After Dartmouth goaltender Jordan Sedlacek blocked a shot from Victoria Sacco ’09 off a penalty corner, Andrea Posa ’08 collected the rebound and slipped it into the back of the cage, trimming the deficit to one.

Despite several golden scoring opportunities in the latter stages of the second half, Brown was never

Ashley Hess / Herald

Andrea Posa ’08 scored Brown’s lone goal in Saturday’s home opener.

able to tie the game. The Bears tested the Dartmouth backline repeatedly, but Sedlacek consistently turned the continued on page 7