2025 MD Conference by Bond University

Innovate Translate Heal

TRANSLATING SCIENCE INTO CARE

15 August 2025

HSM Medical and postgraduate students research conference

PR26 Clinical Audit to Establish Whether Microscopy, Culture and Sensitivity Results Change Management Outcome in the Sexual Health Setting ............................................

PB7 Treatment Outcomes of Mycoplasma Genitalium Infections with Resistance-Guided Therapy at Gold Coast Sexual Health Service

PR27 Patient Satisfaction and Medical Outcomes After Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) Under Local Anaesthesia in the Outpatient Setting: A Prospective

PR28

PR29

PR30 The Ethical Implications of Bias and Transparency in Artiﬁcial Intelligence (AI) for

PR31 Improving Equitable Healthcare Access for Non-Metropolitan Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: A

PR32 The Ethics of Labiaplasty and Clitoral Hoodoplasty: The Barbieﬁcation of Women and Girls

PR33 3D Bioprinting: Can Innovation and Ethics Coexist in Modern Healthcare?

PB8 “I’m an actor, I’m on stage, and I’m not on stage”: Exploring Simulated Patient

PB13

PB14

PB15 An unknown neurological illness in the Solomon Islands 78

PR39 Simulation trepidation: What are the facts? ............................................................. 79

PR40 Impact of a Changing Climate on Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Rapid Review 80

IG1 The Value of Spectral Detector CT in the Local Staging of Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Case Series ................................................................................................ 81

IG2 Spectral Detector CT, a potential adjunct and non-inferiority study to MRI for Rectal Carcinoma Staging 82

IG3 Drug Overdose with Reduced Consciousness: Patient and Staff Perspectives on Approaches to Airway Management in the Emergency Department Setting 83

IG4 Eating Disorder Treatment Outcomes in Individuals with comorbid ADHD: A Systematic Review ............................................................................................................ 84

IG5 Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Existential Distress in End-of-Life Patients: A Systematic Review 85

IG6 Antibiotic Holiday and Outcomes in Two-Stage Revision for Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Retrospective Study 86

IG7 Title: Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and GLP- 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP1RAs) on Gastric Emptying During Endoscopic Procedures ............................................. 87

IG8 Reviving Traditional Knowledge to Address the Decline of Native Stingless Bees and Protect Food Sovereignty in Remote First Nations Communities 88

IG9 Restoring Balance: Indigenous-Led Solutions to Biodiversity Loss in Aotearoa and Australia ............................................................................................................................ 89

IG10 Literature review: Climate-driven mental health strain among refugee farming communities in

IG16

IG17

IG21 Does physical and psychological state before surgery impact the length of hospital stay and pain medication use after total knee replacement? ............................................101

IG22 Delivery at 39 Weeks versus ≥40 Weeks in Women of Advanced Maternal Age: A Comparative Audit ........................................................................................................... 102

IG23 Qualitative Research in Ophthalmology for Intravitreal Injections: A Systematic Scoping Review 103

IG 24 Qualitative Research in Plastic Surgery for Adult Limb Trauma: A Systematic Scoping Review 104

IG25 Ginger for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness 105

IG26 Ginger for the prevention of motion sickness: A Systematic review and meta-analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 106

IG27 How do systematic reviewers deal with unpublished evidence from preprints and clinical trial registries: a meta-epidemiological study 107

IG28 Exploring Interactional Role Formation in General Practice Consultations: Signalling and Negotiation of Practitioner and Patient Roles 108

IG29 A retrospective audit of Benzodiazepine and Z-drug (BZD) prescribing for patients discharged from Mater Hospital Brisbane (MHB) between July 2022 and June 2023 ..... 109

IG30 Evaluating the Development of the Metopic Suture in Modern Children using PostMorten Computed Tomography 110

IG31 The role of miRNAs in mediating skeletal muscle development with resistance training 111

IG32 Evaluating a Golden Start Intraventricular Haemorrhage Prevention Bundle in Preterm Neonates: A Quality Improvement Study..........................................................................112

IG33 Optimising Early Neuroprotection: Evaluating a Golden Hour Bundle for Reducing IVH in Preterm Neonates 113

IG34 Pancreatoduodenectomy: Retrospective surgical audit of postoperative outcomes in a single centre. .................................................................................................................114

Acknowledgement of Country

In the spirit of reconciliation, Bond University acknowledges the Kombumerri people, the traditional Owners and Custodians of the land on which the University now stands. We pay respect to Elders past, present and emerging.

Program Schedule

08:45 – 09:00 Attendees arrive (Basil Sellers Theatre, Building 6)

09:00 – 09:05 Introduction Dr Paul Dunn, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, MD Portfolio Coconvenor, Bond University

09:05 – 09:15 Welcome and Opening Address Dr Donna Sellers, Deputy Executive Dean (Acting), Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University

09:15 – 10:00 Keynote Presentation Associate Professor Craig Webster

10:00 – 10:55 Panel Discussion Chair: Associate Professor Justin Keogh

Panel members: Dr Matthew Olsen, Dr Oyuka (Oyungerel) Byambasuren & Dr Ben Hindle

10:55 – 11:00 Overview of Conference Dr David Waynforth, Associate Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, MD Portfolio Coconvenor, Bond University

11:00 – 11:30 Morning break

11:30 – 13:00 Concurrent Session 1: Health Building 5

13:00 – 14:00 Lunch break (Atrium)

14:00 – 15:30 Concurrent Session 2: Health Building 5

5_3_04 Posters Gregor Heiner Foyer

15:30 – 15:45 Afternoon break

15:45 – 16:45 Awards Ceremony (Princeton Room, Building 6)

17:00 Close

Thank you to our MD Project supervisors

We would like to acknowledge and thank all supervisors and Bond University academic staff who voluntarily supervised these projects. Without your support and guidance these projects would not have come to fruition.

Research Projects:

• Dr. Jessica Stokes-Parish, Associate Professor Suzanne Gough

Simulated people in health professions education

• Assistant Professor Sujani Gamage, Assistant Professor Mina Bakhit

Core clinical conditions and competency levels for graduating medical students

• Assistant Professor Larissa Satler, Dr. William Talbot, Assistant Professor Jaclyn Szkwara

Stratiﬁed approach to outpatient physiotherapy and knee arthroplasty

• Dr. Steve Abbey, Assistant Professor Patricia Green

Audit of obstetric and gynaecological practices at the Tweed Hospital

• Senior Teaching Fellow Charlotte Phelps, Associate Professor Christian Moro

The potential role for prostaglandins in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms

• Professor Matthew Links, Associate Professor Michelle Jack

Exploring barrier and enablers of supervision in clinical placements

• Dr. Ben Tscharke, Assistant Professor Mina Bakhit

National wastewater-based assessment of ADHD medication methylphenidate consumption across Australia

• Associate Professor Tanisha Jowsey, Assistant Professor Amy Bannatyne

Qualitative research in Medicine

• Assistant Professor Loai Albarqouni, Associate Professor David Waynforth

- Dietary interventions for Acne Vulgaris

- The effect of text messaging in the management of common chronic disease in primary care

• Dr. Anna Scott, Assistant Professor Sharon Sanders, Senior Teaching Fellow Charlotte Phelps

How is unpublished evidence dealt with in systematic review

• Associate Professor Mike Todorovic, Assistant Professor Sule Gunter

Content analysis of education endocrine physiology videos on You Tube

• Associate Professor Mike Todorovic, Assistant Professor Jacob Thorstensen, Associate Professor Christian Moro

Content analysis of educational nervous system physiology videos on You Tube

• Associate Professor Mike Todorovic, Assistant Professor Ro Nogueira, Associate Professor Christian Moro

Exploring extra-curricular resource usage among undergraduate medical students

• Post Doctoral Research Fellow Oyungerel Byambasuren, Assistant Professor Sharon Sanders, Assistant Professor Paul Dunn

Natural history and prognosis of long COVID

• Professor Michelle McLean, Associate Professor Kazi Rahman

A rapid review of a changing climate on people with spinal cord injuries.

• Associate Professor Conor Gilligan, Dr Sarah White, Assistant Professor Kieran Le Plastrier

Unpacking communication in general practice interactions

• Associate Professor Treasure McGuire, Dr. Daniel Schweitzer, Assistant Professor David Pache

A retrospective analysis of benzodiazepine and Z-drug (BZD) prescribing for patients when discharged from Mater Hospital (MHB) 2022 - 2023

• Assistant Professor Kieran Le Plastrier, Associate Professor Jane Smith

Better quality discharge summaries using artiﬁcial intelligence to support clinical workﬂow

• Assistant Professor Nicole Lottering, Professor Peter Anderson, Assistant Professor Sujani Gamage

Evaluating the development of the metopic suture and cranial fontanelles in modern US children using post-mortem computed tomography

• Assistant Professor Joan Roehl, Assistant Professor Sule Gunter

Molecular key players in prostate cancer metastasis

• Assistant Professor Sule Gunter, Assistant Professor Ro Nogueira, Assistant Professor Jacob Thorstensen, Senior Teaching Fellow Charlotte Phelps, Assistant Professor Paul Dunn

The role of MicroRNAs in mediating improvements in body composition and health outcomes with regular physical activity

• Dr. Joseph Tauro, Dr. Asher Jakobsson, Assistant Professor Jacob Thorstensen

Audit of neonatal IVH and implementation of IVH prevention bundle

• Dr. Ravi Bala, Associate Professor David Waynforth

An audit of invasive bacterial organism presentations in our paediatric unit

• Dr. David Graham, Dr. Braham Sivakumar, Associate Professor David Waynforth

- Proximal pole hamate grafts for the non-salvageable proximal scaphoid

- Denervation of the wrist

• Dr. Francesco DiRollo, Dr. Eilidh Sinclair, Assistant Professor Conor Gilligan

Alcohol withdrawal Mx

• Dr. Lisa Ward, Associate Professor David Waynforth

Closed loop technology: An audit of outcomes in young adult diabetes clinic and optimisation of pump technology

• Dr. Jason Zheng, Dr. Aravinda Perera, Assistant Professor Joan Roehl

Spectral CT in rectal cancer staging

• Dr. Richard Pellatt, Dr. Gerben Keijzers, Associate Professor David Waynforth

The airway management of patients presenting to the emergency department with drug overdose

• Dr. Lisa Wang, Assistant Professor Paul Dunn

Clinical audit to establish whether microscopy, culture and sensitivity results change management out come in the sexual health setting

• Dr. Shanthi Sharm, Dr. Grace Branjerdporn/Laura McCosker, Assistant Professor Amy Bannatyne

Systematic review about ADHD and eating disorders

• Dr. Lisa Wang, Dr. Fiona Marple-Clarke, Assistant Professor Paul Dunn

Treatment outcome of macrolide resistance mycoplasma genitalium infection with ﬁrst-line therapy at Gold Coast Sexual health service

• Dr. Wayne Ng, Dr. Ronak Reshamwala, Assistant Professor Jacob Thorstensen

Preclinical assessments to prepare for a human spinal cord injuries trial

• Dr. Kyle Alcorn, Assistant Professor Ro Nogueira

Retrospective review of re-implantation characteristics performed as part of a twostage exchange for prosthetic joint infections

• Dr. Jessica Triay, Associate Professor Michelle Jack

Audit of the impact of diabetes and GLP- 1 receptor agonists on endoscopic procedures

• Dr. Grame Walker, Assistant Professor Paul Dunn

To sleep or not to sleep, that is the question

• Associate Professor Richard Matthews

Domestic violence: A statistically signiﬁcant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and its associated implications on cardiovascular risk scoring

Professional Projects:

• Professor Michelle McLean

Planetary Health in the Masters of Planetary Health

• Dr. Victoria Brazil, Dr. Nemat Alsaba

Simulation based education

• Assistant Professor Nicole Lottering, Assistant Professor Michelle Jack Co-creation of an undergraduate ultrasound curriculum to improve Anatomy competencies and learning engagement

• Associate Professor Richard Matthews, Associate Professor David Pache

Understanding neurodiversity: ableism, history and contemporary reality

• Associate Professor Richard Matthews

Ethics issues in healthcare

• Professor Matthew Links, Assistant Professor Sacha Kennedy Developing short format online content for transitioning to learning in clinical placements

• Associate Professor Jo Bishop, Dr. Antonio Didio, Assistant Professor Belinda Craig Every doctor, every setting; The Bond setting

Capstone Projects:

• Professor Peter Jones – Solomon Islands and Pilbara (Port Hedland)

• Associate Professor Neelam Maheshwari – India

• Dr. Tracy Neilson – South Africa

• Associate Professor Cindy Jones – Taiwan

Message from the Dean of Medicine

Congratulations on completing your MD Project and presenting your work at the 2025 HSM Medical and Postgraduate Students Research Conference.

The breadth and high standard of projects to be presented at this year’s annual conference highlights the strength of collaboration and the importance of medical research to improve the health status and longevity of the population. Your involvement in these projects allowed for diversity in experiences and acquirement of skills that reﬂects the clinical environment and will support you on your journey as a medical doctor.

The health sector continues to face an environment of significant change and disruption, impacted by both global factors and national issues. Some of these are yet to fully play out such as the rise of Artificial Intelligence, and the next few years will require flexibility and adaptability on the part of the medical workforce and healthcare educators.

As developing medical researchers, either as clinicians or a focussed career in medical research, formal education is just the start. You need to have effective communication, critical thinking, decision-making and observational skills. These skill sets will enable you to create a competitive edge in the research industry. It takes conﬁdence to get things done – especially the difficult things.

Professor Kirsty Forrest MBChB, BSc Hons, FRCA, MMEd, FAcadMEd, FANZCA

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University

Message from the Associate Dean of Research

The HSM Medical & Postgraduate Students Research Conference is an annual showcase and celebration of student research within the Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine. The conference enables student researchers at all levels of experience an opportunity to present their research discoveries as well as listen to a range of exciting presentations from their peers. Work presented at the conference includes MD projects, Masters, and PhD studies and other faculty-supervised research activities.

To me, this year's research theme – ‘Innovate, Translate, Heal’, focuses on how we should, as individuals and as a part of an evolving society, continue to challenge the status quo to improve outcomes for our planet and all of humankind. Innovation and research translation is a key part of this evolution, and by being inclusive of a wide variety of diverse perspectives in this process, limitless discoveries may emerge that improve our lives and our legacy that we leave our descendants. I therefore hope that this focus of the conference inspires everyone to continue to look for barriers that may be negatively impacting patient and work colleague outcomes and then work collaboratively in an inclusive fashion to develop innovative evidence-based solutions to these issues.

The diversity of research topics and designs is a key focus of this conference and congratulations to all of you on the progress you have made, in conjunction with the support provided by your supervisors. I hope you continue to look for innovations that will result in better care for the people that you work with every day, and where possible, add to the evidence base on how these innovations can be best translated into usual care.

I wish everyone a great conference experience and thank you for your outstanding contribution to our faculty and university.

Assoc/Prof Justin Keogh, PhD, ESSAF, FAAG, FISBS

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University

Conference Organising Committee

Paul Dunn MD Portfolio Co-convenor & Conference Chair

David Waynforth, MD Portfolio Co-convenor & Conference Co-Chair

Justin Keogh, Associate Dean, Research

Nikki Milne, Assistant Dean, Research

Jacob Thorstensen, Associate Professor, Medical Program

Tanisha Jowsey, Associate Professor, Medical Program

Charlotte Phelps, Senior Teaching Fellow, Medical Program

Amanda Tauber, Post-Doctoral Research Fellow

HDR student representatives – Vivianne Oltramare & Madeleen Van Merwe

Julia Byrne, Manager Assessment

Dena Bird, Assessment Officer

Sonja McDonald, Conference Organiser

Peter Marendy, Business Services Officer (Research Support)

We also acknowledge volunteer staff and students who greatly assisted in the organisation of this conference. Thank you all.

ABSTRACTS

STREAM 1 – HDR

OP1: Characterisation of the Vaginal Microbiome: Deﬁning the Core Microbiota in a Healthy Female Population

Davidson, Isabella, Haupt, Larissa, Nikbakht, Elham, Ashton, Kevin & Dunn, Paul

Introduction/Background

Microbes inhabiting the female reproductive tract particularly the vagina are emerging as potential modulators of fertility, yet their role remains underexplored in patients undergoing fertility treatment. Before assessing the vaginal microbiome’s inﬂuence on fertility outcomes, it is essential to deﬁne what constitutes a healthy vaginal microbiome across diverse populations. This study aimed to identify the core vaginal microbial communities present in healthy Australian women of reproductive age.

Method

Twelve pre-menopausal participants (aged 18 – 55) with no known sexually transmitted infections, no current antibiotic use, and not pregnant were recruited. Self-collected vaginal swabs were obtained from participants not menstruating at the time of collection. DNA was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene sequenced using Nanopore technology with two primer sets: 27F-YM_MIX and 341F-NW. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using a custom pipeline incorporating tools such as Porechop, NanoCLUST, and RStudio for visualisation.

Results

All participants exhibited Lactobacillus-dominated communities (Community State Types I, II, III, and V), with CST I being the most common aligning with literature. Both primer sets yielded broadly comparable results, though some discrepancies were observed within the same samples.

Conclusion

To improve microbial resolution and accuracy, whole-genome sequencing and validated mock communities are recommended. Furthermore, comparative studies using long-read sequencing platforms such as PacBio and Nanopore may help determine the most reliable approach for vaginal microbiome analysis.

OP2: Harnessing AI to crunch dark data in healthcare

Hudson, Carly, Randal, Marcus, Bowman, Candice, Joy, Anu & Goldsworthy, Adrian

Background

Healthcare services generate and store large quantities of data, requiring significant resources to manually analyze and gain meaningful insights. Recent advancements in automation tools, such as generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), provide new opportunities to disencumber human labor. This study explores the potential utilization of GenAI for a healthcare data analysis task, specifically, the conversion of clinical data from one diagnostic classification system to another (i.e., SNOMED-CT-AU to ICD- 10 -CM), and examines the time and cost benefit of performing this using GenAI when compared to a human rater.

Method

Conversions were completed using three methods: 1) manual conversion using the National Library of Medicine’s I-MAGIC tool, 2) using ChatGPT 4o, and 3) using Claude Sonnet 3.5. The accuracy of the GenAI tools was mapped against the manually extracted codes, and examined in terms of a perfect, partial, or incorrect match. Researchers’ time was recorded and extrapolated to calculate and compare the cost associated with each method.

Results

When compared to the manually extracted codes, Claude Sonnet 3.5 yielded the highest level of agreement over ChatGPT 4o, whilst being the most time- and cost-effective.

Conclusions

GenAI tools have greater utility than they have currently been given credit for. The automation of big data healthcare analytics, whilst still the domain of humans, is increasingly capable of being undertaken using automation tools with low barriers to entry. The further development of the capability of GenAI alongside the capability of the healthcare system to use it appropriately has potential to result in signiﬁcant resource savings.

LP1 Is Metabolic Meltdown Real?

Exploring Metabolism and Body Composition Changes During Midlife and Menopause

Dariush-Far, Xenia, Nogueira, Ro, Gunter, Sule, Byrne, Nuala & O’Neill, Hayley

Background/Introduction

Over half of the world’s population will experience menopause during their lifetime. This is a period marked by both physiological and psychosocial changes that may have life-altering consequences. Existing research is incomplete regarding the mechanisms behind these changes and their interplay.

Objective/Purpose

The study aims to determine the effect of the menopausal transition on metabolism and body composition and how one may affect the other and vice versa. Importantly, the potential implications of conditions such as sarcopenic obesity and metabolic disease will be assessed.

Methods

A cohort of 100 women, aged 40 to 65 years - including both follow-up participants and newly recruited individuals - will prospectively undergo comprehensive metabolic testing. This will include body composition analysis (fat and fat free mass and bone mineral density) via DXA scan; resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry; blood sampling for determination of hormone levels and metabolic biomarkers such as HbA1c and lipid proﬁles. Assessment of quality of life, mood, menopause status and related symptoms using validated questionnaires.

Conclusion

The results have the potential to inform practice and determine the best treatments to be used at different time points. It will also provide further clarity regarding the interaction between body composition, metabolism and hormones.

Keywords: menopause, midlife, body composition, metabolism, women's health

LP2 Exploring Cellular Energy Metabolism in Obesity and Weight Loss: Mitochondrial Genetic Variants, Dietary Restriction and Bariatric Surgery

Grant, Dante, Dunn, Paul, Nikbakht, Elham & O’Neill, Hayley

Background/Introduction

Obesity affects 1 in 8 adults globally and is deﬁned as excessive fat that is detrimental to health. Genetics contribute 40 -70% variation in measures of body fat and weight. Current therapies include lifestyle modiﬁcations, bariatric surgery, and anti-obese medications.

Mitochondria, show alterations in content and function in obesity. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is theorised to play a role in weight loss outcomes. However, few studies have explored impact of mtDNA mutations on various aspects of energy metabolism.

Objective/Purpose

The overall aim of this project is to better understand the relationship between underlying mechanisms driving changes in energy production and mitochondria and their links with weight loss outcomes in response to dietary and surgical weight loss strategies.

Methods

Initially, we will evaluate the relationship between mtDNA variants associated with weight loss outcomes in adults undergoing lifestyle or surgical weight loss through a scoping review.

Results

The initial search strategy identiﬁed 2,216 potentially relevant records, with 7 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Preliminary results indicate mtDNA copy number, mtDNA variants in mitochondrial translation initiation factor 3, and mitochondrial proteins are generally associated with improved weight loss outcomes, but more research is needed.

Conclusion

Future work will aim to assess presence of mtDNA variants in blood samples obtained from 100 adults undergoing either a dietary or surgical weight loss intervention and relationship with weight loss outcomes.

Keywords: Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, Mitochondrial DNA, Weight Loss

OP3 Alternatives to antibiotics for the management of acute respiratory infection symptoms: an overview of systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials

Sales, Reneepearl Kim, Hoffmann, Tammy, Krzyzaniak, Natalia, Jones, Mark & Bakhit, Mina

Introduction

Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) drives antimicrobial resistance. A key antimicrobial stewardship effort involves promoting non-antibiotic options for ARI symptom management. This overview aims to synthesise evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) of randomised trials on self-administered or over-the-counter (OTC) nonantibiotic options for managing ARI symptoms.

Method

This overview is registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251041946). MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Database were searched to 31 January 2025 without language limits. We included SRs that evaluated the effectiveness of self-administered or OTC nonantibiotic options for managing ARI symptoms, and satisﬁed the AMSTAR- 2 criteria for comprehensive search strategies and satisfactory risk of bias (ROB) assessment. Two independent reviewers screened records, assessed SR quality, and extracted data. Results will be presented through narrative synthesis or summarized pooled effects.

Results

Our search yielded 10,176 deduplicated results. After title/abstract, full-text screening, and AMSTAR- 2 assessment, 31 SRs were included. Identiﬁed interventions include OTC drugs, homeopathic medicine, Chinese herbal medicines, and steam inhalation. All reviews met 13 of 16 AMSTAR- 2 items. High ROB was noted in 9 SRs for blinding, 7 for incomplete data, 6 for selective reporting, and 4 for other domains. Preliminary ﬁndings based on pooled and narrative results from the SRs will be presented per intervention category.

Conclusion

This overview shows there is a reasonable body of evidence for non-antibiotic management of ARI symptoms, though methodological rigour and certainty of ﬁndings vary. Our next steps involve ﬁnalising data extraction, calculating primary study overlap, and summarising GRADE assessments for each SR.

OP4 Exploring Digital Parenting Self-Efficacy for Health Promotion:

A Scoping Review to Inform Public Health Initiatives and Interventions

Marshall, Georgia, Nasim, Salehi, Diarmuid, Hurley, Ahmed, Moustafa & Redfern, Julie

Background

Social media is ubiquitous in adolescents’ lives, presenting both opportunities and challenges for parents mediating and monitoring adolescents’ online activity. In response to rising health concerns, the Australian government has reinstated the Online Safety Amendment Act (Social Media Minimum Age), restricting adolescents under 16 -years from using social media. Despite policymakers aim for alleviating adolescent health, this bill may not offer long-term nor sustainable solutions. Digital parenting self-efficacy (DPSE), conceptualised as parental conﬁdence and digital intervention, may offer as an empowering and ecologically valid alternative to addressing the limitations of current government initiatives.

Objective

This scoping review aims to synthesise existing evidence on DPSE and adolescent social media use, with an emphasis on implications for health promotion, and enhancing current public health initiatives.

Method

A revised team-based mixed-method approach of Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework was implemented. A ﬁnal sample of 29 papers were included for thematic analysis.

Results

Thematic analysis revealed that parents with higher DPSE fostered healthier digital behaviours, lessened risk of negative mental health outcomes, and reduced problematic/addictive social media use. However, evidence also indicates that many parents lack the self-efficacy and knowledge required to effectively mediate their child’s social media and digital use. Presently, only four parent-centred interventions addressing DPSE and adolescent social media use were identiﬁed.

Conclusion

Rather than enforcing restrictive social media policies, strengthen DPSE may serve as a protective factor for supporting adolescent mental health and alleviating parental stress. Government health initiatives should prioritise parent-centred interventions to enhance DPSE and promote sustainable and implementable outcomes.

OP5 Targeted and Whole Genome Ampliﬁcation with Nanopore Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Oltramare, Vivianne, McDermott, Catherine & Dunn, Paul

Introduction

Chromosomal abnormalities are the leading cause of ﬁrst-trimester pregnancy losses. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was developed to aid patients with greater risk of an embryo being affected by chromosomal abnormalities to select healthy embryos. Current methods of PGT-A take 7- 21 days to obtain results however, nanopore sequencing could offer a faster, lower-cost and more accessible option to both patients and IVF clinics. The aim of this work is to test the applicability of the MinION sequencer and Flongle ﬂow cell for PGT-A.

Methods

Reference DNA samples were obtained from the Coriell Institute for Medical Research from a normal male, normal female, trisomy 21 and monosomy X. A comparison of library preparation methods was conducted based on DNA amplification using a custom PCR for LINE repeat regions (LINE and REAL) and a whole genome amplification method using the Repli-G kit from QIAGEN. Both methods utilised ligation sequencing kit V14 and the Flongle V14 flow cells, followed by custom bioinformatic analysis and comparison of methods.

Results

Whilst sufficient reads between ~9,000 and ~35,000 reads for aneuploidy detection across three ampliﬁcation methods. WGA performed the best in detecting the correct aneuploidies. For LINE and REAL PCR, false positives were seen in chromosomes 19,21,22 and Y, potentially due to the genomic density of these chromosomes or poor mapping.

Conclusion:

Whilst these results show that the MinION and Flongle have potential for aneuploidy detection, further improvement through bioinformatics pipeline reﬁnements is required to support the compatibility of nanopore sequencing with various ampliﬁcation methods for PGT-A.

OP6 Identiﬁcation of Rare Genetic Variants Predisposing Patients to Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Durham, William, Alexander, Kim, Haupt, Larisa, Roehl Joan & Dunn, Paul

Background

With the rising number of people surviving cancer, there is increasing focus on post-treatment outcomes and patient Quality of Life (QoL). Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a major contributor to reduced QoL, affecting over 60% of patients. A genetic component is thought to inﬂuence CIPN development and severity. Emerging evidence has suggested rare variants may contribute to CIPN severity. This study aimed to investigate potential associations between rare variants in long-term CIPN development and severity.

Methods

Whole exome sequencing was performed on samples (n=38) from people diagnosed with breast cancer characterised with moderate-to-severe CIPN at month 4 following chemotherapy (n=32) and control samples (n=6) characterised with no-CIPN at the same timepoint. A custom bioinformatics analysis pipeline was developed for preprocessing and variant annotation targeting 21 candidate CIPN genes identiﬁed from the literature. Candidate rare variants were identiﬁed if they met < 5% minor allele frequency (MAF), and > 0.290

REVEL score thresholds.

Results

Analysis of the NGS data identiﬁed four variants across six samples that passed ﬁltering thresholds . A CYP2C8 variant (NM_000770.3:c.792C>G) was found to be present in four samples, with additional variants found in the FARS2 (NM_006567.5:c.737C>T), EPHA8 (NM_020526.5:c.893A>G), and SLCO1B1 (NM_006446.5:c.263G>T) genes .

Conclusion

These ﬁndings suggest disruption in drug metabolism pathways may contribute to CIPN development and highlight a potential role for rare variants in CIPN development. Future analysis will include gene ontology and burden testing to uncover novel genes and variants contributing to CIPN severity and risk.

OP7 Identifying Key Molecular Players in Prostate Cancer Progression and Metastasis

Turpie, Calum, McDermott Catherine, Dunn, Paul & Roehl, Joan

Introduction/Background

Prostate cancer remains the ﬁfth most common cause of cancer death in males worldwide, and this has been increasingly linked to metastasis. While cellular migration is known to drive metastasis, the speciﬁc molecules involved in metastatic initiation in prostate cancer remain poorly understood. This project aims to identify the molecular players that contribute to cell motility in prostate cancer metastasis.

Methods

LNCaP and PC3 cells, used as models of minimally and highly metastatic prostate cancer, were assessed for cell motility markers. First, differential expression of 84 cell motility genes was determined for these cell lines through qPCR. Protein expression of the top candidate genes was validated using immunoﬂuorescence. Lastly, functional assays were performed measuring the cell lines' migratory behaviour under varying conditions.

Results

Seven cell motility genes had decreased expression, and 22 had signiﬁcantly increased expression in PC3 cells compared to LNCaP cells. Of the genes upregulated in PC3 cells, the top candidates were VIM (Vimentin), CAV1 (Caveolin- 1), and MMP14 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 14). The protein expression of these three genes was found to match their gene expression patterns. Using a scratch assay, PC3 cells were found to be more motile than LNCaP cells.

Conclusion

In the future, this project will investigate both the functional role of top candidate genes in PC3 and LNCaP cell motility and the impact of inhibiting their activity. By characterising the role of these cell motility genes in prostate cancer metastasis, this project may contribute to the identiﬁcation of new prognostic biomarkers and treatment targets for metastatic prostate cancer.

STREAM 2 – CAPSTONES

PR1 Health Equity in Live Kidney Donation Practices: A Comparative Study of India and Australia

This report presents the case of a 65 -year-old male admitted with a year-long history of postprandial epigastric pain. Two weeks prior to presentation, he developed melena in the absence of haematemesis, accompanied by anorexia, fatigue and dizziness. His medical and family history was notable for gastritis and hypertension. On examination, he was tachypnoeic (RR 22) and tachycardic (HR 117bpm), though normotensive (114/59mmHg). Nail bed and conjunctival pallor were present; other systemic examinations were unremarkable. A clinical diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease was inferred. Laboratory investigations revealed severe anaemia (haemoglobin 29g/L). Although an urgent blood transfusion was indicated, it was delayed by one week due to limited blood and donor availability. Interim management included oral ferrous sulphate.

Delays in blood transfusion are a frequent and potentially life-threatening challenge in the Solomon Islands. Transfusion urgency is impeded by sociocultural practices, notably the reliance on family-member donors to minimise cross-matching complications. Resource constraints, including limited availability of hepatitis B, HIV and VRDL screening kits, further delaying blood supply. Additionally, diagnostic limitations hinder timely identiﬁcation of anaemia aetiology. These challenges may be mitigated by enhancing health literacy and encouraging structured blood donation initiatives.

PR3 Pterygium in Solomon Islands: An exploration of clinical, environmental and public health challenges in patient care

Samaraweera, Imandi, Sarwar, Nuzhat & Jones, Peter

Introduction/Background

Pterygium is a highly common disease of the conjunctiva in both Solomon Islands and Queensland. This condition is characterised by abnormal growth of the conjunctiva due to chronic UV damage. Solomon Islands, situated within the global “Pterygium Belt,” experiences a signiﬁcant burden of this condition, especially among populations with prolonged outdoor exposure and limited access to eye protection. Measures known to be effective in both primary and tertiary prevention remain underutilised across the region.

We will delve into a case of a patient who underwent pterygium excision at the Regional Eye Centre, the nation’s only ophthalmic surgical facility. Our presentation will explore the patient’s clinical journey from initial appearance of the growth to its eventual excision. To contextualise the case, data collected from Western Province demonstrates the demographics and trends in pterygium incidence over the past four years. These ﬁndings highlight the widespread nature of the condition and the strain it places on already limited healthcare resources.

Despite the similarity in UV exposure between Queensland and Solomon Islands, differences in management are apparent both clinically and at a public health level. Our presentation aims to highlight the role of public health education as a key driver of primary and tertiary prevention of pterygium and disease burden reduction in the Solomon Islands. Furthermore, it identiﬁes patient barriers to medical care including geographic isolation, delayed access to care and ﬁnancial hardship. In response to these challenges, we will outline practical, low-cost lifestyle strategies that could greatly improve outcomes through early prevention.

PR4 Ischemic Sroke in the Solomon Islands

Singh, Aishna, Michael, Jeanne & Jones, Peter

Introduction/ Background

Stroke is a leading cause of death in the Solomon Islands accounting for nearly 15% in mortality. Limited access to medications, specialist care, blood tests and imaging impacts diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes particularly in remote and rural areas.

Methods

This case report focuses on a 45 year old female diagnosed with an ischemic stroke in Gizo hospital. She presented with acute loss of consciousness and ongoing focal neurological deﬁcits such as left sided weakness. Her clinical features, new diagnosis of atrial ﬁbrillation and childhood background of rheumatic heart disease raised suspicion of an ischemic stroke. Due to unavailability of CT imaging, diagnosis was made clinically and was managed with aspirin and antihypertensives, as thrombolytic therapy was not available.

Discussion

This case demonstrates the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in low resource settings. In contrast to Australia where medical standards of CT imaging and thrombolysis are a given, clinicians in Solomon Islands rely strongly on clinical history and examinations.

Conclusion

This case highlights the challenges of diagnosing and managing ischemic stroke in a lowresource setting. It demonstrates the importance of clinical judgment in the absence of diagnostics, the consequences of health inequity, and the urgent need for systemic investment to improve access, infrastructure, and outcomes in the Solomon Islands.

PR5 PAEDIATRIC MENINGITIS IN THE SOLOMON ISLANDS

Durgam, Amogh, Sooriyaarachchi, Eran, Lawlor, David & Jones, Peter

Introduction/ Background

Paediatric meningitis is a signiﬁcant cause of morbidity and mortality in low-resource settings, like Solomon Islands. This is because of the health equity challenges faced by the nation. Issues like proximity to healthcare, lack of healthcare infrastructure, and limited availability of diagnostics contribute to delays in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Case summary

This case study involves JH, a 5 month old term infant male referred to the Helena Goldie Hospital in Munda with a seven day history of progressive high fever, irritability, lethargy, cough, and vomiting. Examination ﬁndings were suggestive of a neurological and respiratory focus of infection. With a limited set of investigations, a provisional diagnosis of clinical meningitis with concomitant pneumonia was made. He was subsequently treated with empiric anti-microbial therapy. His clinical course was complicated by failed intravenous cannulation and errors in medical documentation, leading to a relapse in illness that was quickly resolved.

Conclusion

This case highlights important health equity issues like a medical record system that contributes to treatment errors, lack of diagnostic infrastructure, and the importance of geographical proximity to a healthcare centre. This report will also explore practical solutions to reduce the likelihood of medical errors in the future.

STREAM 3 – MEDICAL EDUCATION

PR6 Ultrasound in an Undergraduate Medical Curriculum: Assessment of Student Perceptions of Competencies and Engagement

Brinkworth,

Introduction / Background

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Given the increasing reliance on digital platforms, patients and caregivers frequently turn to YouTube for accessible health information. This study aims to evaluate ALS-related YouTube videos to assess the quality of YouTube videos.

Methods

A systematic YouTube search was conducted on March 19th 2025, using ALS-related keywords. After removing duplicates, videos were screened for inclusion. A total of 24 eligible videos were evaluated using the 16 -question DISCERN instrument. The metadata was also recorded which included the view count, video length, uploader type, and content focus.

Results

The mean DISCERN score was 39 with scores ranging from 24 to 72 with the top five and bottom five videos being recorded. Typically, videos scored higher in the first section of the DISCERN tool in comparison to the second section, which evaluated the portrayal of treatment options. As such a subgroup analysis using the DISCERN tool without the treatment focused section resulted in the bottom five videos remaining the same while top five videos changed. Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between video quality scores and video metadata.

Conclusion

These ﬁndings highlight how the quality of the information presented in YouTube videos were quite low and viewer engagement did not correlate to a high DISCERN score. As such, this study reveals the need for comprehensive videos that cover symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and patient journey stories targeted towards ALS patients and caregivers.

PR9 Exploring Patterns of Extra-curricular Resource Use Amongst Bond University Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Camens, Sophie, Deshpande, Anushree, Moro, Christian, Nogueira, Ro & Todorovic, Michael

Introduction

Medical education is ever evolving, with students utilising resources beyond their prescribed curriculum to enhance their learning and academic performance. This project aims to identify the types, frequency, and purposes of extra-curricular resource use amongst medical students at Bond University.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey comprising 13 questions was distributed via Qualtrics to all medical cohorts. Quantitative analysis, including descriptive statistics, were used to summarise demographic data and identify patterns of extra-curricular resource use across year levels and disciplines.

Results

A total of 132 students (mean age 21.5 years) participated in this study, reporting extensive use of extra-curricular resources. Subscription-based platforms (90%), YouTube/online videos (87%), and journal articles (62%) were most commonly used. The use of YouTube/online videos was highest in pre-clinical years (100% usage in year 2), while journal articles use steadily increased, with 77.3% of year 5 students reporting engagement. Subscription-based platforms had full uptake amongst year 4 and 5 students. Most students (63%) were satisﬁed with resource quality, with greater reliance observed in clinical years. The three disciplines ranked as the top reasons for extra-curricular resource use were pathology (31.7%), anatomy (29.3%), and physiology (28%), primarily used to deepen understanding and prepare for exams.

Conclusion

This project highlights the extensive use of extra-curricular resources amongst medical students at Bond University. The results from this study can help students and staff optimise student learning with the evolution of technology and available resources; however, the impact on learning efficacy and student performance remains a key area for further research.

Ng, Katrina, Tipirneni, Isha, McCarron, Luke, Sivakumar, Brahman, & Graham, David

Objective

Hyperselective neurectomy [HSN] has been utilised to diminish spasticity by disrupting the afferent stimulation of the stretch reﬂex whilst maintaining the efferent output. This review assessed the literature to determine the efficacy of HSN in the treatment of upper limb spasticity.

Methods

An electronic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science was conducted. Studies were included if they were published in English and compared spasticity in the upper limb pre- and post-HSN, as measured via a speciﬁc assessment scale.

Results: Six studies were included - four cohort studies and two case series. Improvements in resting tone, passive movement, range of active motion and functionality were noted. The degree of improvement varied between patients and on muscle targeted. Muscle strength was preserved, and all patients were highly satisﬁed with their procedure, despite not completely eradicating spasticity.

Conclusion

These results indicate that HSN effectively reduces upper limb spasticity whilst maintaining strength. Further prospective controlled trials using standardised outcome measures would be valuable.

PR14 Motec Wrist replacement and Restoration of carpal height based on the Youm method: A retrospective case series

Hastie, Jack, Vu, Sebastian, Waynforth, David, Graham, David & McCarron, Luke

Introduction

Wrist arthritis and degeneration impair upper limb function, causing pain, limited mobility, and reduced quality of life. Traditional wrist arthrodesis offers pain relief at the cost of complete wrist immobility. The Motec wrist replacement, a modular system, aims to restore some motion while addressing biomechanical issues. This study evaluates changes in carpal height, a measurement of the carpal bones that often decreases due to chronic wrist conditions, after Motec wrist replacement surgery using the Youm method.

Methods

A retrospective case series of patients who underwent Motec wrist replacement from 2018 to 2025 was conducted at a single public hospital and two private practices. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were analysed to assess carpal height changes using the Youm method. Descriptives were applied to evaluate the data. Results: 22 patients underwent Motec wrist arthroplasty. Carpal height, measured via the Youm method, improved in most patients from 77% classiﬁed as “below” normal pre-operatively to 64% “within” normal range post-operatively. Gradual gains in wrist extension, ﬂexion, and ulnar deviation were observed over 16 weeks. Grip strength improved from 21kg to 30.2 kg on average. PRWE scores decreased from 46 to 38.4, indicating improved wrist function, while DASH scores showed a slight post-operative increase. Two patients experienced surgical complications; one implant failure was reported.

Conclusion

Motec wrist replacement surgery effectively improved carpal height and showed promise in improving wrist biomechanical function tests. Larger, prospective studies are needed to conﬁrm its efficacy and establish it as a standard treatment for advanced wrist arthritis.

PR15 MRI Metal-artefact reduction algorithms for post-operative spinal imaging in patients

with spinal cord injury

Truong, Chi Celestine, Riar, Sukhman, Ng, Wayne & Remshawala, Ronak

Background

Metallic implants introduced during spinal surgery frequently generate susceptibility artefacts on MRI, obscuring critical structures such as the spinal canal and neural foramina. These artefacts hinder the detection of postoperative complications in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), including cord compression, infection, and haematoma. While various metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques exist encompassing modiﬁed sequences, parameter adjustments, and post-processing their utility in SCI remains insufficiently characterised.

Objective

To systematically map MRI-based MAR strategies employed in patients with spinal instrumentation following SCI or similar conditions, and to identify gaps regarding ﬁeld strength, implant composition, and clinical applicability.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase (January 2010 –May 2025) was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, using terms related to SCI, spinal implants, and MRI artefacts. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data on scanner type, MAR technique, artefact quantiﬁcation, radiologist conﬁdence, scan time, and clinical outcomes. Studies were grouped by primary MAR approach.

Results

Of 253 records screened, 42 met inclusion criteria. Most used 1.5 T scanners (n=31), with others using 3 T (n=8) or both (n=3). Techniques included SEMAC (n=12), MAVRIC/MAVRIC-SL (n=11), VAT/WARP (n=6), O-MAR (n=5), parameter tuning (n=7), hybrid 3D imaging (n=3), and AI post-processing (n=3). MAVRIC-SL achieved the highest artefact suppression (74%) but is GE-speciﬁc. SEMAC reduced artefacts by 62% and improved diagnostic conﬁdence. CFR-PEEK implants (n=4) generated minimal artefact.

Conclusion

SEMAC and fast MAVRIC-SL sequences appear to be the most reliable MAR techniques in postoperative spinal imaging across current literature.

PB5 Exploring the Transformative Inﬂuence of the Silent Mentor Program on Medical Students' Attitudes towards Death, Dying, and Patient Care: A Case Analysis of Reﬂections on Death and the Role of Families in 2025

Gerlach-Zuch, Sophie, Li, Jiayue (Victoria), Maini, Veronika, Zeng, Ruby & Jones, Cindy

The Silent Mentor Program (SMP), hosted by Tzu Chi University in Hualien, Taiwan, is a ﬁveday intensive surgical skills program that distinguishes itself from conventional cadaverbased learning by integrating technical training with a humanistic approach to medical education. The program encourages students to engage with procedural learning through the lens of empathy, gratitude, and ethical reﬂection, fostering profound respect for life, death, and the individuals (mentors) who have generously donated their bodies.

Throughout the SMP, students are taught a range of surgical and procedural techniques, including suturing, chest drain insertion, central venous catheter placement, exploratory laparotomy, intubation, and intraosseous access. This immersive experience enhances students’ competence and conﬁdence as they transition into clinical roles as junior doctors.

A deﬁning aspect of the SMP is the inclusion of the mentors’ personal stories and active engagement with their families. Students learn about the mentors’ lives, values, and motivations for body donation through family gatherings and memorial ceremonies, fostering a deep sense of connection and gratitude. Our group had the privilege of learning from four mentors: Mr Chang, Mr Lin, Mrs Chiang Li, and Mrs Lin, whose stories greatly enriched our experience.

The SMP challenges students to reﬂect on mortality, the dying process, and the signiﬁcance of compassionate end-of-life care. Through meaningful family interactions, students are encouraged to look beyond the technical aspects of medicine and develop a more holistic, patient-centered approach.

This presentation will share our experience participating in the Silent Mentor Program, highlighting the integration of clinical skill development with humanistic values, and reﬂecting on the program’s transformative impact on our personal and professional growth as future doctors.

Acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge Tzu Chi University, the mentors and their families, and the dedicated educators and professional staff who made this program possible.

PB6 Capstone South Africa

Chee, Vera, Pillai, Grishma & Walker, Graeme

Background

Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is a well-established, safe, and effective method for managing early pregnancy loss. Its use under local anaesthesia in outpatient settings has been associated with high patient satisfaction, minimal adverse outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. However, due to the novelty of this procedure in Australia, there is a paucity of relevant data and literature to support the establishment of MVAs as a routine service.

Aims

This study evaluates the patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes of MVA in the management of ﬁrst-trimester miscarriage at Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH).

Methods

This prospective cohort study will include 30 – 40 women with ultrasound-conﬁrmed incomplete or missed miscarriage. All participants underwent outpatient MVA under local anaesthetic at GCUH between January 1st and December 31st, 2024. Participants will be invited to complete a validated survey assessing satisfaction and overall MVA experience. Secondary outcomes such as successful evacuation rate, complication rate, and length of hospital stay will be evaluated through medical records.

Expected Results

Ethics approval is currently under review, with protocol revisions made in response to detailed feedback from the GCUH Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC). The research team anticipates high patient satisfaction, a high successful evacuation rate, and a minimal complication rate.

Conclusion

This study aims to contribute Australian-based data to the growing international evidence supporting outpatient MVA. Findings will strengthen the GCUH MVA service and reinforce patient autonomy amid traditionally inpatient-based miscarriage management.

PR28 Imaging

and Outcomes in Paediatric

Invasive Bacterial Infections:

A Retrospective Audit at Gold Coast University Hospital

Muthuhetti, Nanduni, Nguyen, Gordon, Balakrishnamoorthy, Ravi & Waynforth, David

Introduction / Background

Invasive bacterial infections with purulent collections contribute signiﬁcantly to paediatric morbidity. Prompt recognition, appropriate imaging, and multidisciplinary management are essential. This audit aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, imaging patterns, and outcomes of children admitted with such infections to Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH) from 2022 to 2024.

Methods

A retrospective audit was performed on 176 children under 18 years with clinically or radiologically conﬁrmed purulent collections. Data were extracted from electronic medical records and included demographics, diagnosis, microbiology, imaging, interventions, and outcomes.

Results

The most frequent diagnoses were preseptal cellulitis (26%), pleural effusion (14%), orbital cellulitis (14%), abscesses (9%), and osteomyelitis (9%). A causative organism was identiﬁed in 36.4% of cases, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus and Group A Streptococcus. CT and MRI were each used in ~29% of cases; MRI was preferred for musculoskeletal infections. Repeat imaging was common in pleural effusion and osteomyelitis. Surgical intervention was required in 43.8%, and 17% of patients were admitted to ICU.

Conclusion

Invasive bacterial infections in children often require advanced imaging and surgical management. Imaging modality use was diagnosis-dependent, and repeat imaging was driven by clinical complexity. These ﬁndings support the importance of timely imaging, microbiological sampling, and multidisciplinary care. Ongoing audits can help optimise imaging practices and outcomes, particularly for high-risk groups.

Orford, Holly & Matthews, Richard

Introduction

Australia faces dual public health challenges: rising obesity rates alongside an increasing prevalence of body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. These issues are exacerbated by the growing visibility of medical weight loss advertising by telehealth companies on social media platforms. While the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) restricts direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising, some companies promote ‘medical weight loss’ in ways that indirectly imply pharmacological interventions such as GLP- 1 receptor agonists. These campaigns blur regulatory boundaries and shape public perceptions of weight, health and treatment, raising important ethical concerns.

Methods

A qualitative literature review was conducted using thematic analysis of peer reviewed articles, grey literature, regulatory guidelines and examples of social media advertisements. Searches spanned multiple databases and ethics journals. Inclusion criteria focused on Australian relevance, medical weight loss, digital marketing and associated ethical or psychosocial considerations. Literature from 2020 - 2025 and advertising content from 20232025 were prioritised to reﬂect current trends.

Results

Four key themes were identiﬁed: (1) aggressive marketing strategies, (2) medicalisation and normalisation of pharmacological weight loss, (3) exploitation of vulnerable populations, particularly women and individuals with eating or body image concerns, through gendered messaging, diet culture reinforcement and weight stigma, and (4) erosion of informed consent.

Conclusion

These marketing practices raise ethical concerns extending beyond clinical contexts. Repeated exposure may inﬂuence self-perception, shape health behaviours and contribute to psychological harm. Stronger regulation, clinician awareness and coordinated collaboration among regulators, healthcare professionals and advocacy groups are essential to safeguard consumer health and wellbeing as the digital health landscape continues to evolve.

PB8 “I’m an actor, I’m on stage, and I’m not on stage”: Exploring Simulated Patient experiences with moulage in simulation-based education.

Asokananthan, Kaysha, Bassi, Devika, Blythe, Tess, Selvadoss, Yowan, Stokes-Parish Jessica & Gough, Suzanne

Background

Moulage is used in simulation-based education to aid health professionals in developing their clinical acumen. Simulated patients (SPs) often use moulage in scenarios to enhance the realism of simulated scenarios (SS); however, exploration is limited to whether the moulage used by SPs affects them. Simulation designers may beneﬁt from understanding the impact of this relationship on SPs.

Methods

A qualitative study utilising focus group methodology was performed. A single focus group was created by recruiting participants with experience using moulage as an SP in Australia. Audio data was transcribed, and thematic analysis was performed utilising Braun and Clarke's approach.

Results

Eight simulated patients located in Australia participated. Two major themes were identiﬁed: burden on SPs and engagement within the simulated environment.

Conclusions

Moulage had positive psychological effects on SPs, including increasing pride and enjoyment in their role and subjective performance improvements. Negative effects occurred with SPs who had personal experiences related to the moulage itself, but SPs became desensitised to this, understanding this was part of their role. The effects of moulage and the effects of the simulated role on SPs were closely related. These factors were not separated in this study, and further research is required to isolate them.

PB9 Intimate Partner Violence: A statistically signiﬁcant risk factor for poor cardiovascular outcomes and recommendations on modifying cardiovascular risk scoring systems:

Bhimjiyani, Saloni, Gupta, Mehak, Van Der Bruggen, Natalia Siam & Matthews, Richard

Introduction

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health epidemic. Historically speaking, victims have navigated patriarchal ideals that have normalised IPV for centuries, raising the question of the social norms that dictate high-risk health profiles. IPV is a statistically significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). To reduce morbidity and mortality of victim-survivors, clinicians have an ethical obligation to consider IPV as a variable that may result in reclassification of CVD risk.

Methods

A literature search was conducted on various databases, i.e. ProQuest, PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and Bond University Library. Searches were expanded online to obtain data, legislation and guidelines.

Results

Victim-survivors are at an increased risk of CVD through behavioural and biological mechanisms. These processes potentiate inflammation and atherosclerosis. Women victimsurvivors were found to have increased Framingham scores at younger ages. Australian guidelines do not recognise the significance of IPV. Recognising IPV has the potential to alter risk stratification and significantly reduce associated disease burdens.

Conclusion

Victim-survivors are at an increased risk of CVD. IPV should be treated as a unique risk entity, as its complex patterns of abuse pose risks that are distinctive from other psychosocial concerns. Clinicians should screen for IPV in their cardiovascular risk assessments, as its presence has the potential to inﬂuence the level of risk, particularly when on threshold.

STREAM 8 – CAPSTONES 2

PR35 Dengue Fever in the Solomon Islands

Alzabin, Dana, Perera, Dinithi & Jones, Peter

Background

Dengue Fever is a mosquito-borne, viral infection which is endemic to the Solomon Islands (SI). SI remains vulnerable to outbreaks of dengue due to inaccessibility of virological assays coupled with a lack of symptom-based clinical algorithms.

Case Summary

A 21 -year-old man, LT, presented to Gizo Hospital with a one-day history of severe chest pain, epigastric pain, back pain, dysuria, flank pain, and generalised body weakness with severe polyarthralgia. This is on a background of a recent hospitalisation for an unspecified viral illness one week prior to his current presentation. He remained afebrile throughout his admission, however, was unable to mobilise independently due to significant pain. LT’s initial full blood count revealed thrombocytopaenia (114 x 10^9/L). An ECG performed revealed sinus bradycardia, and a renal ultrasound on admission revealed left renal dilatation. Malaria MPS was negative. An initial diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis was made secondary to genitourinary symptoms, and LT was commenced on five broad-spectrum antibiotics. On day 4 of admission, LT was diagnosed with Dengue Fever. IV antibiotics were ceased, and LT was managed supportively with paracetamol.

Conclusions

The aim of this report is to examine the diagnostic challenges faced by clinicians in a resource-limited healthcare system, where complex cases with multi-system involvement leads to empiric over-treatment and diagnostic delay. In the case of LT, the absence of structured decision-making tools in the context of limited diagnostic and imaging capacity contributed to a delay in his symptom resolution, unnecessary antibiotic exposure, and increased duration of stay in hospital. Additionally, this report will also explore the variations in investigations and treatment of Dengue in the SI in comparison to Australia.

PB10 Cervical Cancer: A Comparison Between Healthcare in the Solomon Islands and Australia

Balakrishnan, Ankitha, Canty, Matt, Hossain, Adeeba, More, Jacob, Jones, Peter, Sen, Kavita & Abbey, Steve

Introduction/ Background

Cervical cancer is a preventable malignancy, and it ranks as the second most common cause of cancer-related death affecting women in the Solomon Islands. Despite recent implementation of national HPV vaccination and cervical screening programs, many barriers hinder their success, challenges that high-income countries, like Australia, do not have to overcome. Furthermore, many women in the Solomon Islands present with late-stage cervical cancer that requires specialist input for diagnosis and treatment at the National Referral Hospital in the capital, Honiara. It is not always feasible for women to travel there to receive treatment and many are managed palliatively.

Case summary

This presentation explores these systemic barriers through the case of AK, a 46 -year-old woman who presented to Helena Goldie Hospital in Munda with lower abdominal pain, generalised weakness and a one-year history of per vaginal bleeding. She was severely anaemic and required multiple transfusions. A provisional diagnosis of advanced cervical cancer was made, and referral to the National Referral Hospital in Honiara was recommended for staging and management. However, due to ﬁnancial constraints, AK was unable to access specialist care and received only palliative management locally.

Conclusion

This case highlights the unique ﬁnancial, social, cultural, and geographical barriers faced by the Ministry of Health and the women of the Solomon Islands. These challenges require tailored solutions if the World Health Organisation cervical cancer elimination targets are to be achieved, and to save women of the Solomon Islands from the morbidity and mortality of this highly preventable cancer.

PB11 A Clinical Case of Placental Abruption in Solomon Islands

Premkumar, Vaidehi, Kurup, Parvathi, Athauda, Siluni, Malhotra, Niharika & Jones

Peter

Placental Abruption is a potentially life-threatening complication of pregnancy, wherein the placenta prematurely detaches from the uterine wall, leading to painful PV bleeding, posing as a threat to life of both the mother and foetus. It is a rare complication of pregnancy, affecting roughly 1 in 100 women. However, it can lead to detrimental consequences if left untreated.

This case explores a 28 -year-old G4TOPOLO woman who presented 26/40 weeks into her pregnancy, with a heavy PV bleed and abdominal pain. Loss of foetal heart was appreciated.Several limitations precluded a caesarean delivery and instead, an unresponsive foetus was delivered vaginally. Attempts at resuscitation of the foetus were unsuccessful. Limitations highlighted in this case include having restricted access to a tertiary healthcare centre, poor health literacy such that early warning signs were most likely missed, and clinical problems such as a lack of hospital resources, meant that this patient had a very different experience in Solomon Islands, as she would have in Australia. Understanding the differences in cultural norms has helped in acknowledging fundamental differences between both healthcare systems. Community outreach programs, as well as targeted educational strategies could play a part in bridging this gap between us and our neighbouring Island.

PB12 Difficulties of managing prematurity in a resource limited setting: A case study in Gizo Hospital

Chong, Braydyn, Neill, Lucy, Ritchie, Meg, Russell, Nicole & Wan, Annelise

Introduction

Prematurity is a major health concern in the Solomon Islands, with a reported prevalence of 23.8%. While survival rates for preterm infants reach 85% at the National Referral Hospital in Honiara, outcomes drop signiﬁcantly in provincial special-care nurseries. During our time at Gizo Hospital, we observed a range of eco-biopsychosocial factors including resource scarcity, limited access to care, and gaps in health literacy that contributed to poorer outcomes in rural settings.

Case Study

We followed a 31 -week premature infant, one of a twin pregnancy complicated by maternal malaria. The baby, born at Gizo Hospital and weighing 900g, faced signiﬁcant feeding challenges and signs of malnutrition. Data collection involved clinical observation, chart reviews, daily assessments, and collaboration with local healthcare staff over a two-week period.

Results/Conclusions

The case revealed multiple systemic barriers affecting neonatal care, including limited neonatal training, high staff-to-patient ratios, inconsistent documentation, and a lack of essential equipment and supplies. Cultural and communication challenges further impacted care delivery, and management plans were often not followed due to verbal handovers, misunderstandings, or time constraints. These factors collectively hindered effective treatment of a condition that would typically be manageable in higher-resource settings. The lessons from this case reveal how preventable or treatable conditions can become lifethreatening in low-resource settings, not because of the pathology itself, but due to broader systemic issues. Addressing these challenges requires more than clinical knowledge; it demands cultural humility, context-sensitive communication, and long-term investment in healthcare education, infrastructure, and sustainable change.

PB13 Subdural Haematoma in

the Pilbara: A Case Study in Health Equity and Cultural Safety

Black, Jacinta, Ayres-Munro, Tiffany, Gazis, Nathan, Gorgi, Veronica & Jones, Peter

Introduction/Background

Aboriginal Australians in remote regions such as the Pilbara face signiﬁcant barriers to timely and culturally appropriate healthcare. Geographic isolation, systemic inequities, and limited resources contribute to poorer health outcomes. This case study explores the clinical and equity challenges encountered in diagnosing and managing a subdural haematoma in a remote Aboriginal patient.

Methods

A clinical case study was undertaken during a rural placement in the Pilbara. The subject was a 46 -year-old Aboriginal woman presenting with headache, generalised weakness, and a background of traumatic brain injury. Clinical assessment raised concerns for raised intracranial pressure. Due to the absence of on-site CT imaging, diagnosis and deﬁnitive management were delayed pending inter-hospital transfer. Observations focused on clinical decision-making, healthcare system limitations, and the role of culturally safe care.

Results

Over a 12-hour period, the patient’s neurological status deteriorated signiﬁcantly. Deﬁnitive diagnosis of a large acute-on-subacute subdural haematoma with midline shift and hydrocephalus was made following delayed imaging. Emergency neurosurgical intervention was required. The delays in diagnosis, coupled with cultural and systemic barriers, impacted the timeliness of her management.

Conclusion

This case highlights the intersection of clinical complexity and systemic inequity in rural healthcare. Addressing barriers like limited access to diagnostics and specialist care while utilising an Aboriginal Liaison Officer who supports Aboriginal Australians accessing healthcare through bridging cultural gaps, assisting in building trust, and ensuring they feel safe is essential in improving health outcomes.

PR36 Simulation-Based Education Project Report

Mitchell, Grace, Brazil Victoria & Alsaba Nemat

Purpose

As a final-year medical student with a strong interest in medical education, my goal during this rotation was to engage with the design, delivery and debriefing of clinical simulations. This project explored simulation-based education (SBE) across Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH), Robina Hospital and Bond University. The aim was to gain exposure to a range of simulation modalities and understand how scenario design, delivery and debriefing influence learner engagement and outcomes.

Method

Over a seven-week placement, I participated in a wide range of simulation activities. I engaged in multiple roles including embedded participant, moulage assistant, simulation technician, observer and small-group facilitator. Reﬂective journaling and feedback from experienced medical educators supported my learning and skill development.

Project Outputs

This project provided hands-on experience with a broad spectrum of simulation modalities. I gained practical skills in scenario setup, moulage techniques, manikin operation, and facilitation of pre-briefs and debriefs. Debrieﬁng practice helped identify areas for growth and reﬁne strategies for guiding clinical reasoning and emotional processing in learners.

Discussion & Conclusions

This experience reinforced the value of simulation in bridging the gap between theory and clinical practice. Debrieﬁng emerged as the most critical element for deep learning, supporting reﬂection, teamwork and non-technical skill development.

The rotation signiﬁcantly improved my conﬁdence as an educator and strengthened my understanding of SBE pedagogy. The insights and transferable skills gained, such as communication, leadership and facilitation, will inform my interprofessional teamwork and future involvement in medical education.

PR36 Simulation-Based Education

Raphael, Kathryn, Brazil Victoria & Alsaba Nemat

Purpose

This report explores key elements of simulation-based education (SBE), focusing on the psychological wellbeing of simulated patients, the concepts of ﬁdelity and cues, and the role of embedded participants.

Methods

As a fifth-year medical student, I completed a seven-week SBE rotation across Gold Coast University Hospital, Robina Hospital and Bond University. This placement provided a broad range of experiences, allowing me to participate in various roles including observer, technical support, and facilitator during pre-briefing and de-briefing. Activities were documented in a logbook throughout the rotation.

Project Outputs

Conclusion

Results suggest statistical errors are highly prevalent in the health research literature with prevalence highly heterogeneous across the included studies. This synthesis highlights the continued need for improvements in research methodology, education, and editorial oversight.

PB14 Duodenal Atresia and Health Equity in the Solomon Islands: A Case-Based Reﬂection on Barriers to Care and Advocacy

Koenig, Thomas, Ng, Lachlan, Nisyrios, Daniel, Wigg, Ben & Jones, Peter

Health inequity often arises from a lack of infrastructure, rather than the complexity of the condition itself. In the Solomon Islands, where diagnostic tools and lab services are limited, this disparity frequently inﬂuences patient outcomes. During a placement in Solomon Islands, four individual cases were observed; these were paediatric duodenal atresia, stroke, bronchiolitis and preschool wheeze. Each case was shaped more by system limitations than clinical complexity, highlighting a recurring theme of diagnostic uncertainty, delayed intervention and constrained treatment options.

One specific case involved a newborn with duodenal atresia whose surgery was delayed due to thrombocytopenia. After a low platelet count was identified, treatment could not proceed because there was no functioning centrifuge at the hospital. This preventable delay posed a significant risk to the infant’s life and the patient was palliated despite the technical feasibility of the procedure. The case exemplifies how a lack of fundamental equipment can undermine what would otherwise be routine surgical care. It also emphasises how conditions that are treatable in Australia may carry significant morbidity or mortality elsewhere.

The absence of simple yet essential tools in Solomon Islands such as pathology testing, infusions and imaging, turned otherwise manageable cases into high-risk situations. This presentation considers how small, targeted investments in infrastructure could signiﬁcantly improve patient care, particularly in the areas of global child health and surgical safety. It also reﬂects on the importance of health advocacy, for instance how discussions with the Australian High Commission can catalyse meaningful change

PB15 An unknown neurological illness in the Solomon Islands

Harris, Emily, Levinge, Juliette, Wilks, Kyrra, Wijesuriya, Budmi & Scott, Lisa

The Solomon Islands is an archipelago with a population of 758,000 people. The country faces signiﬁcant health challenges, with most advanced care centralised in the capital city of Honiara. This case presentation addresses Ms X, a 26 -year-old woman who presented to Helena Goldie Hospital in Munda, Western Province. Ms X experienced an eight-month progression of ascending lower limb weakness leading to ﬂaccid paralysis following the vaginal delivery of her son. Clinical examination revealed bilateral upper and lower limb muscle weakness, involuntary muscle movements, cranial nerve II and VII defects and dysarthria. However, without local access to neuroimaging, her condition remained undiagnosed for almost a year. Initial assessments were constrained to basic bloodwork and clinical observation, during which time several differential diagnoses were considered –including acute febrile illness, Guillain-Barre Syndrome and space occupying lesion. In this case, lack of access to imaging resulted in a 10 -month delay in diagnosis, with the likely remaining treatment option being palliation.

Throughout the case, many health equity issues were identiﬁed, with the two main issues including a lack of resource infrastructure and poor health literacy. A proposed solution for poor health literacy was a public health campaign aimed at developing community recognition and response to complex neurological illnesses and their red ﬂags. Strengthening local diagnostic capacity and health literacy may help reduce diagnostic delays and improve outcomes for patients.

PR39 Simulation trepidation: What

are the facts?

Dorgan, Conor, Lall, Kuljyot, Brazil, Victoria & Alsaba, Nemat

Introduction

Simulation-based education (SBE) is an essential tool in medical training, enabling learners to apply clinical knowledge in safe, realistic environments. As ﬁnal-year medical students on a SBE rotation we encountered recurring stigma from healthcare professionals surrounding different aspects of SBE including pre-brief, design and delivery. These misconceptions may limit the use of simulation medical education. We will debunk common stigma using lived and learned experience.

Methods

This qualitative case study involved a seven-week rotation across Gold Coast Health industries. We participated in numerous simulation activities, including ICU, ED, interprofessional, and virtual reality. Our primary data collection method was using a reﬂective journal in which we noted participants raised concerns regarding the efficacy of simulation. Attending journal clubs, discussions with senior facilitators and faculty workshops provided the framework for addressing these concerns

Results

Our findings showed that revealing scenario details prior to delivery enhanced learning and reflection in debrief. Fostering psychological safety was essential for effective learning. Designing simulations to match learning outcomes ensured incorporation of common relevant cases with appropriate delivery methods. Simulations are not confined to education but have proven to be valuable for designing and testing clinical environments.

Conclusion

While SBE is a promising and expanding educational method that builds clinical conﬁdence, fosters teamwork, and improves systems-based care some participants still express concerns. By engaging with the delivery of SBE at a clinical and preclinical level we were exposed to some misconceptions surrounding SBE as well as the solutions and emerging evidence regarding the beneﬁts of simulation.

PR40 Impact of a Changing Climate on Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Rapid Review

Shah, Imaan, McLean, Michelle & Rahman, Kazi

Background

Climate-related weather events such as heatwaves, floods, wildfires and hurricanes pose increasing health risks to vulnerable populations, including individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite growing recognition of disability-related climate risk, little is known about the specific challenges (physiological, psychological, physical) faced by people with SCI (and their carers) preparing for and responding to these events.

Patient and Staff Perspectives on Approaches to Airway Management in the Emergency Department Setting

Pennell, Evan, Arora, Sahej, Desai, Raunak, Pellatt, Richard & Waynforth, David

Introduction/Background

Airway management in patients with drug-induced depressed consciousness remains clinically contentious. While aspiration risk and airway compromise are central concerns, there is no clear consensus on when to intubate versus when to observe. This study explores the current perspectives and decision-making frameworks of Australian emergency physicians to inform the development of practical, evidence-based guidelines.

Methods

Following ethics and site-speciﬁc approvals, a national vignette-based survey was conducted. Seventy-eight emergency physicians across Australia responded, providing quantitative and qualitative data on preferred management strategies, risk thresholds, and perceived barriers to observation or intervention. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise clinical trends and variability.

Results

Most respondents (89%) favoured conservative observation in the recovery position. However, this approach was frequently challenged by systemic barriers 73% cited the need for 1:1 nursing, and 53% identiﬁed bed shortages as limiting factors. Obstructive breathing and active emesis were the most inﬂuential indications for intubation (91% and 87%), while only 14% viewed a declining Glasgow Coma Scale as an absolute indication. Attitudes toward aspiration risk were mixed: 50% believed intubation carried greater risk, 28% favoured observation, and one-third lacked a formal protocol.

Conclusion

Australian emergency physicians often prefer conservative management in overdose-related unconsciousness, but resource limitations and variability in clinical thresholds temper this. These ﬁndings highlight the need for standardised, context-aware airway management guidelines. Phase two of the study will include clinician and patient interviews to explore intention-behaviour gaps and co-develop consensus-based criteria for airway intervention in emergency overdose care.

IG4 Eating Disorder Treatment Outcomes in

Individuals with comorbid ADHD: A Systematic Review

Sainani, Anushka, Sarma, Shanthi, McCosker, Laura & Bannatyne, Amy

Background

Attention deﬁcit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is commonly comorbid with eating disorders (EDs). There is limited information regarding the impact of comorbid ADHD and EDs on ED treatment outcomes.

Le, Dorian, Triay, Jessica & Jack, Michelle

Background

Due to increased reports of aspiration risk with GLP- 1RAs, our institution implemented a policy suspending GLP- 1RA use 7 days prior to elective endoscopic procedures from January 1, 2024. Delayed gastric emptying may also be inﬂuenced by factors such as hyperglycaemia, obesity, and medications, which are more prevalent in patients with T2DM.

Aim

1. To audit the incidence of retained gastric contents, procedural abandonment, and aspiration following 7-day GLP- 1RA suspension.

2. To assess additional risk factors for delayed gastric emptying in the presence and absence of GLP- 1RA use.

Methods

A retrospective audit of elective gastroscopies between January 1, 2021, and January 1, 2025, was performed. Inclusion: T2DM, age >18 years. Exclusion: unavailable procedure reports. Data collected included demographics, diabetes characteristics, GLP- 1RA use, medications, comorbidities, and procedural outcomes.

Results

A total of 438 cases met inclusion. GLP- 1RA use was noted in 47 cases (30 patients), with 14 interrupted ≥7 days pre-procedure. GLP- 1RA users were predominantly female and had higher BMI. They also had more complex diabetes (higher concurrent insulin and SGLT2 inhibitor use). Documented retained gastric contents were more common in GLP- 1RA users (12.7% vs. 0.07%), as was procedural abandonment (19% vs. 0.09%). No aspiration events were reported. Due to small numbers, statistical power was limited, and no clear impact of the 7-day suspension policy was observed.

Discussion

GLP- 1RA use is associated with a higher risk of retained gastric contents, potentially impacting procedural outcomes. However, withholding GLP- 1RAs for 7 days may not yield clinically meaningful beneﬁt. Screening for additional risk factors for delayed gastric emptying remains essential during pre-procedural assessment.

IG8 Reviving

Traditional Knowledge to Address the Decline of Native Stingless Bees and Protect Food Sovereignty in Remote First Nations Communities

Mamun, Mehjabin & McLean, Michelle

Introduction

Biodiversity loss is a central driver of the Triple Planetary Crisis, disrupting ecological integrity and the well-being of Indigenous peoples, whose identities, livelihoods, and knowledge systems are deeply rooted in the health of Country. In Australia, First Nations communities maintain longstanding relationships with native species that support bush food systems, cultural practices, and knowledge transmission. Native stingless bees (Tetragonula carbonaria and Austroplebeia spp.) are of particular signiﬁcance due to their role as key pollinators in Australian ecosystems.

Planetary Crisis Overview

The decline of stingless bees is driven by land clearing, pesticide use, invasive species, and climate change. These pressures reduce nesting habitat, disrupt foraging, and destabilise pollination networks vital for forest regeneration and biodiversity. Their decline weakens ecosystems and compromises the reproduction of native ﬂora, including culturally signiﬁcant bush foods.

Vulnerable Community

Remote First Nations communities are uniquely affected due to their enduring cultural, nutritional, and spiritual connections to Country. Declining stingless bee populations reduce access to traditional food sources, interrupt knowledge-sharing practices, and place pressure on land-based cultural activities. Despite these challenges, First Nations communities uphold rich ecological knowledge and land stewardship that offer meaningful pathways to biodiversity conservation and pollinator recovery.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This issue aligns with SDG 2: Zero Hunger (Target 2.1.2) and SDG 15: Life on Land (Targets 15.5.1 and 15.9.1), which support action grounded in Indigenous knowledge and leadership.

Conclusion

Key solutions include: (1) Indigenous-led land and pollinator stewardship; (2) integrating traditional ecological knowledge into biodiversity policy; (3) supporting community-based biocultural monitoring.

IG9 Restoring Balance: Indigenous-Led Solutions to Biodiversity Loss in Aotearoa

and Australia

Pushpakumar, Thusharini & McLean, Michelle

Aotearoa New Zealand is experiencing one of the most severe biodiversity declines in the world, posing signiﬁcant threats not only to native ecosystems but also to the health and cultural wellbeing of Māori communities. This poster explores biodiversity loss as a key planetary crisis, focusing on its impacts on Indigenous populations and aligning with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15: Life on Land. This crisis is mirrored in Australia, where Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities face similar legacies of colonisation, land dispossession, and ecological disruption. Furthermore, this presentation explores biodiversity loss as a complex, systems-level issue intertwined with Indigenous wellbeing, and responds with three evidence-based, environmentally sustainable solutions co-designed with Indigenous communities.

This project proposes:

- Indigenous-led conservation initiatives such as Māori-managed sanctuaries and Australian Indigenous Ranger Programs, which restore native ecosystems while strengthening cultural identity

- Wetland revitalisation projects, like repo restoration in Aotearoa and community-led water rights efforts along the Murray-Darling Basin, which improve ecological resilience and uphold traditional food and water practices

- Policy integration of Indigenous knowledge, advocating for governance structures that embed mātauranga Māori and Aboriginal ecological frameworks in law and planning

Aligned with SDG 15, these solutions prioritise ecological health, Indigenous sovereignty, and long-term sustainability. This presentation invites broader support for Indigenous leadership in planetary health strategies and highlights the urgent need to rethink conservation through a decolonising, culturally informed lens.

IG10 Literature review: Climate-driven mental health strain among refugee farming communities in Australia

Huynh, Minh & McLean, Michelle

Introduction/Background

In Australia, refugee communities remain excluded from climate health policy discussions, despite facing disproportionate environmental risks. Vietnamese refugee families, many of whom have historically relied on farming due to limited education and language barriers, are a particularly understudied group. These communities now face intensifying climate-related stressors such as extreme weather and natural disasters that have led to harsh working conditions and crop failures. These challenges compound existing trauma and contribute to climate-linked mental health issues. This project examines the intersection of climate change, refugee health, and mental well-being from a planetary health perspective, with a focus on the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal of Good Health and Well-being.

Methods

A literature review methodology was conducted using peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and national strategies. Key themes examined include climate-induced mental illness in Australian farmers, mental health and maladaptive coping mechanisms in Vietnamese refugee communities, and relevant Australian policy frameworks.

Results

Findings indicate that refugee farming communities experience climate-related psychological distress similar to that of other Australian farmers. This distress can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress, often exacerbated by ﬁnancial instability and fear of displacement. While the Australian National Health and Climate Strategy addresses climaterelated mental health, it lacks consultation with refugee communities. This omission reveals a signiﬁcant equity gap in current adaptation planning.

Conclusion

Integrating mental health into climate resilience planning is essential for at-risk groups such as refugee farmers. Culturally safe, climate-resilient mental health services must be codesigned with refugee communities to bridge existing policy and service gaps, promoting more inclusive and equitable climate-health policies in Australia.

IG11 Evidence-Based Solutions for Surgical Waste and Human Health

Yanes, Juliana & McLean, Michelle

Introduction/Background

The healthcare sector, whilst essential for human wellbeing, signiﬁcantly contributes to environmental degradation, particularly through surgical waste. In Australia, surgical theatres generate a disproportionate amount of waste, much of which is mismanaged. This includes single-use plastics, poor segregation practices, production of materials and incineration. These practices contribute to the triple planetary crisis: pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss, with implications for planetary and human health. This project applies a planetary health lens to examine the environmental and health implications of surgical waste, with a focus on Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG) and Australia's National Health and Climate Strategy Action 4.5.6.

Methods

This project followed a literature review design and video presentation. Peer-reviewed journal articles, government policies, and reports from international and national agencies were reviewed to evaluate the impact of surgical waste. The review was framed through systems and planetary health perspectives, with critical attention to SDG indicators and national sustainability strategies.

Results

Findings reveal that surgical waste contributes signiﬁcantly to carbon emissions and environmental pollution, with Australia’s healthcare sector accounting for approximately 7% of national carbon emissions. Over 60% of surgical waste is potentially recyclable, yet much is incinerated or landﬁlled, exacerbating climate and health risks through air, water, and soil pollution.

Conclusion

Surgical waste represents an under-addressed yet critical planetary health issue. Systems and design thinking can inform sustainable solutions, such as waste segregation reforms and circular procurement. Addressing surgical waste is essential for an ethical and sustainable healthcare aligned with national and global environmental goals.

IG12 GROW: Gratitude in Medicine

Le, Anna, Links Matthew & Kennedy, Sacha

Introduction/Background

The transition from pre-clinical to clinical training presents signiﬁcant psychological and emotional challenges for medical students, which often contributes to stress, burnout, and reduced well-being. This project explores gratitude and its role in supporting emotional resilience and psychological wellness in future doctors. By targeting students early in their hospital-based learning, this initiative aims to instil habits that become part of a toolkit used to counteract burnout and enhance optimism during clinical practice.

Methods

A two-phase approach was employed: (1) a targeted literature review exploring gratitude, resilience, habit formation, and burnout in medical education; and (2) development of a dialogue-based educational video incorporating cognitive reframing, Best Possible Self, and Tiny Habits methods. Peer feedback informed content development to optimise engagement and relevance.

Results

Project outputs included a concise educational video and an integrated habit tracker for practical application. The video utilises storytelling and evidence-based strategies to teach gratitude practices, while the app promotes daily engagement through journaling prompts, affirmations, and a vision board. These tools are designed to foster cognitive ﬂexibility, enhance resilience, and encourage sustained gratitude practices in clinical settings. The efficacy of these educational tools depends on the user and audience, and they are to be tested.

Conclusion

Gratitude-based interventions, when integrated into educational tools, can positively impact medical student wellbeing. This video project aims to provide practical methods to support emotional resilience and combat burnout during clinical transition, promoting a proactive and reﬂective approach for our students transitioning to seeing patients.

IG13 Creating student-led transitional support for Bond University preclinical medical students.

Moosa, Yusuf, Links, Matthew & Kennedy, Sacha

Introduction

The transition from preclinical to clinical learning represents a pivotal and often challenging period for medical students. At Bond University, this shift occurs at the end of Year 3, when students begin full-time clinical placements. This professional project aimed to support students during this transition by developing short format, evidence-based, and engaging educational content tailored speciﬁcally to the critical care rotation.

Methods

Drawing on personal experience and educational theory, the project focused on two key outputs: a Voice-over PowerPoint (VOPP) guide and an interview-style podcast with a senior anaesthetist. These resources were grounded in a literature review highlighting the beneﬁts of multimodal and segmented learning.

Results

The VOPP served as the core guide, offering pre-rotation preparation, in-placement tips, and post-rotation reﬂection, supplemented by links to reliable learning resources. The accompanying podcast featured clinical insights, expectations, and advice from a senior clinician and established clinical tutor for Bond University students. Collaboration with clinical and academic supervisors, feedback from peers, and pilot testing with junior students informed reﬁnements and changes.

Conclusion

Student feedback was overwhelmingly positive, citing the resource’s practicality and utility. The project successfully met its aims by producing accessible, relevant, and learner-centred content designed to bridge the preclinical-clinical divide. As well as this, it served as an immensely valuable personal learning journey.

Kris, Isabelle, Sattler, Larissa, Kan, Adrian, Hing, Wayne & Talbot, William

Background

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical intervention for end-stage knee osteoarthritis, yet up to 20 % of patients report dissatisfaction with surgery. Pre-operative psychological factors may be associated with post-operative outcomes, yet their relationship remains unclear.

Objectives

To examine the correlation between pre-operative pain catastrophising and resilience with post-operative outcomes in primary total knee arthroplasty patients.

Method

Five databases were searched until July 2024. Studies investigating correlations between pre-operative pain catastrophising or resilience and post-operative outcomes were included. Study selection was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results of individual studies were extracted and described through narrative and tabular synthesis. Study comparisons between pre-operative psychological measures and post-operative outcomes were grouped and reported on.

Results

Fourteen studies (2,506 patients) were included. Pain catastrophising showed consistent correlations with post-operative pain intensity and self-reported function in most studies. Lower pre-operative resilience was associated with reduced post-operative self-reported function and physical performance in some studies. However, neither pain catastrophising nor resilience demonstrated correlations with physical performance, analgesic requirements, psychometric outcomes, or length of hospital stay.

Conclusions

This review found that pre-operative pain catastrophising consistently correlates with postoperative pain and functional outcomes, while the association with resilience was less conclusive. These ﬁndings suggest potential value in pre-operative psychological screening, particularly for pain catastrophising, to identify patients who may beneﬁt from targeted interventions.

IG20 Assessing Rehabilitation Factors Inﬂuencing Patient Satisfaction

After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Mian, Zarmina, Sattler, Larissa & Kahn, Adrian

Background

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a cost-effective surgical procedure that offers signiﬁcant symptomatic and functional improvements. However, 20% of patients report dissatisfaction postoperatively. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of post-TKA rehabilitation and preoperative lifestyle modiﬁcations on patient satisfaction.

Methods

A retrospective survey was conducted among 34 patients aged over 50 years who underwent primary TKA for osteoarthritis at a local public hospital in Queensland, Australia. The survey assessed post-operative satisfaction, pre-operative health modiﬁcations, and rehabilitation engagement.

Results

82% of patients reported satisfaction following TKA, while 18% did not. Most patients (91%) attended outpatient physiotherapy and adhered to prescribed home exercises. Preoperatively, 59% undertook at least one lifestyle modiﬁcation. Among those who did not (38%), the most common reason was these options had not been offered (77%), followed by perceiving them as unnecessary (23%).

Conclusions

While adherence to post-operative rehabilitation was high, uptake of pre-operative lifestyle modiﬁcations was suboptimal. Given the growing evidence supporting multimodal prehabilitation, including physical, psychological, and behavioural strategies, this gap in preoperative care may contribute to ongoing dissatisfaction. Structured prehabilitation programs and improved patient education may enhance outcomes and satisfaction following TKA.

IG21 Does physical and psychological state before surgery impact the length of hospital stay and pain medication use after total knee replacement?

Zhou, Lihao, Sattler, Larissa, Talbot, William & Sandra

Introduction

As a highly effective management for late stage osteoarthritis, TKA (Total Knee arthroplasty) offers signiﬁcant pain relief, mobility enhancement and quality of life. However, increasing TKA demand, due to high prevalence of osteoarthritis, proposes substantial healthcare resources challenges. This study investigates how peri-operative factors impact post TKA LOS (length of stay) and analgesia use. Identifying key contributors can optimize resource allocation, enhance hospital efficacy and improve patient outcomes.

Methods

This prospective, cross-sectional observational study evaluates the inﬂuence of pre-operative physical and psychological factors on LOS and analgesia use post-TKA. Institutional review board approval was obtained and the study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Data collected included patient demographics, functional assessments (knee range of motion, 2 -minute walk test), psychological evaluations (resilience, pain catastrophizing scale) and intra-operative factors (tourniquet use). Analyses included univariate correlations and multivariate generalized linear regression modeling. Currently, 52 out of the planned 84 were analyzed.

Results

At this preliminary study, univariate analysis identified a mild, inverse relationship of knee flexion to LOS (r=- 0.239, p=0.0084). However, no factors were statistically significant at the final stage of multivariate analysis. Evaluation of analgesia use showed small but significant effects, potentially influenced by incomplete data collection and methodological constraints.

Conclusion

Preliminary findings indicate no significant independent associations between pre-operative physical or psychological factors and LOS post-TKA, although knee flexion showed potential relevance in initial analyses. Ongoing data collection with larger sample size is essential for clarifying these relationships, ultimately informing targeted pre-operative strategies to optimize post-operative recovery and resource utilization in TKA management.

IG22 Delivery at 39 Weeks versus ≥40 Weeks in Women of Advanced Maternal Age: A Comparative Audit

Senanayake, Shanel, Abbey, Steve & Green, Patricia

Introduction/background

Motion sickness is a common condition occurring from conﬂicts between the inner ear and eyes while the body is in motion. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a natural remedy that's wellknown for its anti-emetic properties. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ginger in preventing motion sickness in healthy adults.

Methods

We searched ﬁve electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science) and included randomised controlled trials comparing the effect of ginger to placebo among healthy adults. Two independent reviewers screened retrieved articles, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1, calculating standardised mean differences and 95% conﬁdence intervals between the studies.

Results

Analyses were based on 13 studies among 2,729 adult men and women, of which six were acceptable for meta-analysis. Twelve of these studies were judged to be at low risk in most of the domains of bias. The pooled analysis (n = 223) demonstrated no statistical signiﬁcance of ginger over placebo (SMD = - 0.16; 95% CI - 0.44 to 0.12), with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 89%).

Conclusions

We found low-certainty evidence for the effectiveness of ginger in preventing motion sickness in healthy adults. The ﬁndings are limited due to a lack of extractable data, variations in outcome measurement tools, and heterogeneity among included studies. Despite inconclusive evidence, ginger offers an adequate beneﬁt and non-pharmacological option for motion sickness and warrants consideration in General Practice, thus we recommend further clinical trials for this patient demographic.

IG27 How do systematic reviewers deal with unpublished evidence from preprints and clinical trial registries: a meta-epidemiological study

Rampersad, Dhiya, Scott, Anna, Phelps, Charlotte & Sanders, Sharon

Background

The COVID- 19 pandemic accelerated the use of preprints and clinical trial registries as sources of rapid evidence. However, how systematic reviews (SRs) incorporate such data remains unclear, raising concerns about transparency and methodological rigor particularly as these sources become more mainstream. Therefore, this study aims to assess how SRs deal with inclusion, reporting, and analysis of unpublished evidence from preprints and clinical registries.

Methods

A descriptive meta-epidemiological study was conducted on a sample of 35 SRs evaluating COVID- 19 interventions by searching through PubMed. Data were extracted to investigate (i) how eligibility and inclusion of these sources were reported, (ii) risk of bias (RoB) tools used, and (iii) if and how these data were incorporated into meta-analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to report results.

Results

None of 35 SRs sampled explicitly stated that preprints or registry data were eligible for inclusion. Preprint platforms were searched in 7 reviews (20%) and registries in 21 (60%). 13 reviews (37.1%) included preprints and 2 (5.7%) included registry data. Only 1 review (7.7%) identiﬁed preprints explicitly whilst both registry SRs identiﬁed their data, but none used different RoB tools. 11 SRs included preprints (84.6%) and both SRs including registry data in their meta-analyses without sensitivity or subgroup analyses.

Conclusion

There is a disparity between the inclusion of unpublished data in SRs and the required analytical adjustments. Registry data and preprints are often treated as equivalent to peerreviewed studies without proper analytic adjustment, highlighting the need for standardised guidelines and reporting.

IG28 Exploring Interactional Role Formation in

General Practice Consultations: Signalling and Negotiation of Practitioner and Patient Roles

Farr, Ethan, Gilligan, Conor & White, Sarah

Introduction/Background

Enactment of the roles of doctor and patient in healthcare directly shapes clinical communication and inﬂuences clinical outcomes. In general practice, where consultations are time-limited and diverse, often involving longitudinal therapeutic relationships, interaction is an important vessel to establish roles.

This project examines how practitioner and patient roles are formed interactionally during GP consultations through three analytic domains: Interactional Floor Management, Authority and Institutional Positioning, and Relational and Social Positioning.

This research aims to contribute to broader academic discourse surrounding clinical role formation, and to deepen understanding and improve communication skills in medical practice and training.

Methods

The dataset comprises 57 recorded general practice in-person and telehealth consultations from 2022, conducted across three NSW general practices. Using a qualitative approach guided by conversation analysis (CA) principles, iterative data review was conducted to identify interactional trends, with documentation and analysis of relevant data excerpts. The process was guided by regular supervisory meetings, critical progress reviews, CA teachings, and support with literature engagement.

Results

Recurring interactional phenomena in the data revealed a consistent asymmetry with overall GP-dominance in role constructing acts across all three domains, particularly in Domain 3.

Conclusion

This research reinforces existing evidence that clinical role asymmetry is institutionally embedded. While prevailing discourse often critiques such imbalance, this research seeks to contextualise and explore how it presents, offering a nuanced understanding of the interactional, institutional, and social factors that contribute to its persistence. It draws attention to implicit role expectations and rituals, inviting introspection from current and future practitioners in how they view and approach clinical communication.

IG29 A retrospective audit of Benzodiazepine and Z-drug (BZD)

prescribing for patients discharged from Mater Hospital Brisbane (MHB) between July 2022 and June 2023

Alexander, David, 53

Alzabin, Dana, 66

Anand, Khanishpyar, 47

Anphlahan, Keshavi, 46

Arora, Sahej, 51

Asokananthan, Kaysha, 64

Athauda, Siluni, 68

Athuraliya, Sharada, 58

Ayres-Munro, Tiffany, 70

Badros, Peter, 26

Bagga, Jasleen, 25

Balakrishnan, Ankitha, 67

Bambah, Chinmaya, 81

Banik, Ananya, 24

Barry, Daniel, 49

Basit, Shadab, 34

Bassi, Devika, 64

Bhimjiyani, Saloni, 65

Bhushan, Aditi, 25

Black, Jacinta, 70

Blythe, Tess, 64

Boctor, Marcus, 26

Brinkworth, Lauren, 30

Camens, Sophie, 35

Canty, Matt, 67

Cashin, Laurence, 50

Chee, Vera, 56

Chong, Braydyn, 69

Conradie, Christi, 23

Dariush-Far, Xenia, 16

Davidson, Isabella, 14

Davis, Noelle, 82

Derrington, Emilie, 112

Desai, Raunak, 51

Deshpande, Anushree, 35

Doan, Amy, 23

Dorgan, Conor, 79

Du, Katherine, 36

Duhig, Georgia, 25

Durgam, Amogh, 29

Durham, William, 21

Everitt, Sophie, 32

Faraj, Emmanuel, 37

Farr, Ethan, 108

Fennell, Sian, 43

Fleming, Katharine, 95

Folino, Alexander, 105

Friemann, Erwan, 44

Gallagher, Olivia, 43

Gamage, Tanuri, 73

Gangodagama, Gaindu, 33

Gazis, Nathan, 70

Gerlach-Zuch, Sophie, 42

Gorgi, Veronica, 70

Grant, Dante, 17

Growden, Victoria, 55

Gupta, Mehak, 65

Gurung, Himpreet, 58

Haddock, Hamish, 38

Harnick, Evan, 104

Harris, Emily, 78

Hastie, Jack, 40

Heilig, Brooke, 43

Hijaz, Sabrina, 59

Hormiz, Rita, 44

Hossain, Adeeba, 67

Hudson, Carly, 15

Huynh, Minh, 90

Islam, Mehzaben, 33

Karpuram, Laasya, 25

Kashif, Omair, 48

Kazmi, Sana, 60

Kerr, Katherine, 114

Khan, Stephanie, 113

Kodithuwakku, Guwanya, 111

Koenig, Thomas, 77

Kow, Samuel, 34

Kris, Isabelle, 99

Kurup, Parvathi, 68

Lai, Bethany, 34

Lall, Kuljyot, 79

Lau, Matthew, 48

Layt, Josephine, 53

Le, Anna, 92

Le, Dorian, 87

Levinge, Juliette, 78

Li, Jiayue (Victoria), 42

Lin, Vanessa, 33

Liu, Jing, 36

Ly, Andrew, 103

Maddekandage, Warunya, 98

Mahajan, Mehek, 110

Maini, Veronika, 42

Malhotra, Niharika, 68

Mamun, Mehjabin, 88

Mansour, Joanna, 31

Marshall, Georgia, 19 Mian, Zarmina, 100

Michael, Jeanne, 28

Milone, Julia, 61

Mitchell, Grace, 71

Mohan, Sonali, 62

Moosa, Yusuf, 93

More, Jacob, 67

Munasinghe, Mudiyanselage Mevindie, 54

Muthuhetti, Nanduni, 57

Nagaratnam, Pooja, 38

Natsioulas, Ashley, 74

Neill, Lucy, 69

Ng, Katrina, 39

Ng, Lachlan, 77

Nguyen, Gordon, 57

Nguyen, Linda, 94

Nisyrios, Daniel, 77

Oltramare, Vivianne, 20

Orford, Holly, 63

Palipana, Kavini, 45

Pennell, Evan, 83

Perera, Dinithi, 66

Pillai, Grishma, 56

Premkumar, Vaidehi, 68

Purdy, Eve, 75

Pushpakumar, Thusharini, 89

Radhi, Fatima, 86

Ramlu, Renae, 45

Rampersad, Dhiya, 107

Ramsing, Alka, 52

Raphael, Kathryn, 72

Ravirajah, Vellantina, 32

Riar, Sukhman, 41

Ritchie, Meg, 69

Rohatgi, Visaka, 46

Russell, Nicole, 69

Saffuri, Victoria, 31

Sainani, Anushka, 84

Sales, Reneepearl Kim, 18

Samaraweera, Imandi, 27

Sarwar, Nuzhat, 27

Selim, Jasmin, 26

Selvadoss, Yowan, 64

Senanayake, Shanel, 102

Sereﬂi, Aydin, 106

Seymour, Chloe, 96

Shah, Imaan, 80

Shah, Kamya, 24

Singh, Aishna, 28

Sooriyaarachchi, Eran, 29

Srinivasan, Thuvarakan, 37

Stott, Claire, 97

Svoboda, Emanuelle, 109

Thomas, Emily, 43

Tipirneni, Isha, 39

Tran, Amy, 85

Truong, Chi Celestine, 41

Turpie, Calum, 22

Tuteja, Ravneet, 33

Van Der Bruggen, Natalia Siam, 65

Van der Merwe, Madeleen, 76

Vu, Sebastian, 40

Wigg, Ben, 77

Wijesuriya, Budmi, 78

Wilks, Kyrra, 78

Yanes, Juliana, 91

Young, Summer, 30

Zeng, Ruby, 42

Zhang, Benjamin, 34

Zhou, Lihao, 101

Thank you for your attendance.