repeated herbicide use has rapidly selected for herbicide resistance. There are 60 reported herbicideresistance cases for Palmer amaranth, with 18 of those including multiple resistance to two or more herbicide sites of action (Heap, 2018, www.weedscience.com).
Werle, Stoltenberg and Davis) have been tracking this invasion in row crops for several years now.
seed contamination in conservation plantings.
Similarly, there are 56 resistance cases for waterhemp, including one just south of us in Illinois where individual plants are resistant to five herbicide sites of action.
By 2017, glyphosate-resistant waterhemp was recorded in 25 counties, with 16 percent of those populations also resistant to the PPO inhibitor herbicides.
NO LONGER IMMUNE Wisconsin is no longer immune to this challenge. While the arrival of these weeds was slower compared to the “I” states to the south of us, we’re now in the rapid spread phase.
Palmer amaranth has also arrived in the Badger State, with observations reported in six counties and resistance to the HPPD inhibitor herbicides, ALS inhibitors or glyphosate in three of those counties.
My colleagues in the University of Wisconsin (UW)-Madison Department of Agronomy (Renz,
Unfortunately, some of the Palmer amaranth spread around the Midwest can be accounted for by unintentional
In 2015, they reported glyphosateresistant waterhemp observations in 12 counties, but no resistance to the PPO inhibitor herbicide site of action.
Electronic sorting
Prior to 2016, Palmer amaranth was discovered in just five Iowa counties, but by the end of 2016, it had been confirmed in 46 counties, primarily in new conservation reserve program plantings. Similar observations, although maybe not to the same extent, were also reported from other states. TIME TO GET STARTED So, as Twain suggests, it’s getting beyond the time to get started. But what can we do? Is there a silver bullet out there? Some may think so. In 2017, the Iowa Farm and Rural Life Poll asked corn and soy farmers about the likelihood of success with continued on pg. 46
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