BMH Connect | Vol 2 - Issue 3

VOL: 2 ISSUE: 3 August 2021

An Amazing OrganThe Liver Safety Week Protect Breastfeeding: A Shared Responsibility The Importance of Nursing Profession

STORIES POEMS NEWS AWARENESS GALLERY AWARDS

For private circulation only

From the

Editorial Desk

am\¯pbÀ¶p ]d¡p¶ {XnhÀ® ]XmI F¶pw Hmtcm `mcXobsâbpw a\Ên tZikvt\l¯nsâ {]XoIamWv. XymK¯nsâ _ens]cp¶mÄ BtLmjw hnip²nbpsS ]pWy\mfpIfpsS kvacW DbÀ¯p¶XmWv. AtXmsSm¸w tIcfobcpsS tZiotbmÕhamb HmW¯nsâ BtLmj \mfpIÄ IqSnbmWnXv. PmXn aX t`Zat\y FÃmhcpw H¶mbv tNcp¶ BtLmj Imew. amthen \mSphmWoSp¶ Imes¯ t]mse am\pjyscÃmcpw C¶v H¶mbv \n¶v henb t]mcm«¯nemWv. sImtdmW F¶ almhn]¯n\v FXnscbpÅ t]mcm«¯nÂ. apäs¯mcp§p¶ ]q¡fhpw, H¶n¨v D®p¶ HmWkZybpw, H¯ptNÀ¶pÅ hnhn[ Xcw IfnIfpw FÃmw a\Ên \ndbv¡p¶ kt´mjw hfsc hepXmWv. BÄ¡q«anÃm¯, henb Bch§fnÃm¯ C¶nsâ \½psS efnXamb BtLmj§Ä, H¯ptNcepIfpsS Hcp \à \mtf¡mbv hgnsbmcp¡s«.

BtLmj§fn ]¦ptNcphm\mImsX IÀ½`qanIfn IÀ¯hy\ncXcmbncn¡p¶ FÃm BXpc tkhIÀ¡pw Hcp _nKv keyq«v'. H¸w FÃmhÀ¡pw BtcmKy]qÀWamb HmWmiwkIÄ' t\cp¶p.

kz´w,

Editorial Board Members: Mr. Saji S. Mathew (C.O.O.), Dr. Shaji Thomas John (Chief of Clinical Support Services), Ms. Sukritha K. (Assistant Manager - HR), Mr. Kamal K. (Deputy Manager - Branding & Community Connect), Ms. Indu Dayanand (Deputy Manager - Front Office)

Contents 02 From the

20

Editorial Desk

Story

04 - 07

21 - 28

Articles

An Amazing Organ - The Liver Physical Activity for a Healthy Life

08

Story Karuthalinte Karangal

09

Spot Light

10 - 12 Poems

Onakazchakal Ponthiri Keezhadangal

13 - 15 Story

Yathrakkappuram

16 - 20 Articles

Ormayile Onakkalam Hepatitis B Virus: Are you Immune?

Marakkatha Swapnangal

Articles

Safety Week To Lie Or Not To Lie Importance of Nursing Profession Protect Breastfeeding: A Shared Responsibility The Zamorin Rajas- Rulers of Calicut

29 - 33 Weddings

31 - 32 Baby Pics

33 New Joiners

34 - 35 Achievements

36 - 38 Awards

39

Painting

Article

An Amazing Organ – The Liver!

Dr. Sameer Sakkeer Hussain Specialist, Medical Gastroenterology

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The liver is the second largest organ in our body. Can you guess which is the first one?

The liver has tremendous regenerating capacity and is the only organ that can completely regrow.

Inflammation of the liver is called hepatitis. Viral infections are the common causes.

Viral hepatitis is designated as Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. One person dies every 30 seconds from hepatitis related illness the world over, even during these COVID 19 times.

World Hepatitis Day (WHD) is observed every year on July 28 in order to spread awareness about viral hepatitis.

The theme for 2021 is 'Hepatitis can't wait' k k k k k k k

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People living with viral hepatitis unaware can't wait for testing People living with hepatitis can't wait for life saving treatments Expectant mothers can't wait for hepatitis screening and treatment Newborn babies can't wait for birth dose vaccination People affected by hepatitis can't wait to end stigma and discrimination Community organisations can't wait for greater investment Decision makers can't wait and must act now to make hepatitis elimination a reality through political will and funding

The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified hepatitis as a major health concern for India. As per WHO, in India 2020, about 4 crore people were chronically infected with Hepatitis B, and 60 lakhs to 1.2 crore people with Hepatitis C. According to the Indian Journal of Medical Research, in India, about 2,50,000 people die of viral hepatitis or its sequelae every year.

We as health care workers need to protect ourselves and our family from hepatitis related illnesses as we are at risk to these infections due to our profession.

Things that need to be done: Be aware of needle stick injuries – Avoid them.

Take universal precautions.

Know whether you are a vaccine responder.

Seek medical care if you have a needle stick injury.

Exercise regularly and have a healthy wholesome diet – Prevent development of fatty liver.

Avoid alcohol and medications harmful to the liver.

Take care of your liver and the liver will take care of you.

Article

Dr. Muhlisa V. Consultant, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY… FOR A HEALTHY LIFE...

In the present scenario, we are facing the challenge of having a sedentary lifestyle. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic and recurrent lockdowns, the situation has become much worse... So we need to intervene with proper physical activity for a healthy life… I would like to introduce the basics of physical activity in this issue of BMH Connect and explore more in the coming issues…

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & EXERCISE Physical activity is any kind of voluntary body movement that a person does over a given period of time: (walking, dancing, stair climbing, etc.), performed by skeletal muscles that spend an additional energy than the required to maintain vital functions (breathing, circulation). In short, physical activity is any body movement that involves the use of muscles of the body, and requires energy…

Exercise is the planned, structured, repetitive movement of the body designed to improve or maintain physical fitness. In short, exercise is a physical activity that is planned, organised and repeated to improve fitness…

BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Physical activity contributes to the integral development of a person.

Physical benefits: l

strengthens bones and muscles

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helps to avoid obesity

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reduces the risk of noncommunicable diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.

Psychological benefits: l

increases self-esteem and improves mood

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provides well-being

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reduces stress, anxiety and sedentary lifestyle

Social benefits: l

reassures autonomy and integration

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encourages sociability

Regular physical activity helps in maintaining healthy body weight, bones, muscles and joints and protects against the development of heart diseases, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, joint problems and some cancers.

INTENSITY OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Mild intensity: The physical activities which causes feeling of warmth with increase in breathing and pulse rate. It includes slow walk, gardening, house cleaning, caring for children etc. It does not contribute to health benefits.

Moderate intensity: The physical activities which causes increased feeling of warmth and sweating, with remarkable increase in breathing and pulse rate, but still the person can talk. It includes brisk walking/ jogging, running, dancing, swimming, cycling.

Article

Vigorous intensity: The physical activities which causes strong feeling of warmth, shortness of breath and high pulse rate. It includes sprinting and high level sports activities.

HOW MUCH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY???

World Health Organisation has laid down specific guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

The WHO Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour 2020, provide evidence-based public health recommendations for children, adolescents, adults, older adults, persons with disability, pregnant and postpartum women on the amount of physical activity (frequency, intensity and duration) required to offer significant health benefits and mitigate health risks.

Physical activity can be undertaken as part of recreation and leisure (playing, games, sports or planned exercise), transportation (wheeling, walking and cycling), work or household chores, in the context of daily occupational, educational, home and community settings. We should limit the amount of time spent being sedentary, particularly the amount of recreational screen time.

Health and fitness benefits

Recommended range

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BE NE FI

TS

RI

Sedentary

150

300

SK

D AN

RM HA

Weekly physical activity (minutes)

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS (aged 5-17 years) Children and adolescents should do at least an average of 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous intensity, mostly aerobic, physical activity, across the week. Vigorous-intensity aerobic activities, as well as those that strengthen muscle and bone, should be incorporated at least 3 days a week.

ADULTS (18-64 years) All adults should undertake regular physical activity.

Adults should do at least 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity; or at least 75-150 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity; or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous intensity activity throughout the week, for substantial health benefits.

Adults should also do muscle strengthening activities at moderate or greater intensity that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these provide additional health benefits.

OLDER ADULTS (aged 65 years and above) All older adults should undertake regular physical activity.

Older adults should do at least 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity; or at least 75–150 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity; or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous intensity activity throughout the week, for substantial health benefits. Older adults may increase moderate intensity aerobic physical activity to more than 300 minutes; or do more than 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity; or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous intensity activity throughout the week, for additional health benefits.

Older adults should also do muscle strengthening activities at moderate or greater intensity that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these provide additional health benefits.

In case of older adults, doing some physical activity will bring benefits to health than doing nothing. Older adults should start by doing small amounts of physical activity, and gradually increase the frequency, intensity

Article

and duration over the time. Older adults should be as physically active as their functional ability allows, and adjust their level of effort for physical activity relative to their level of fitness.

PREGNANT AND POSTPARTUM WOMEN In pregnant and postpartum women, physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum confers benefits on the following maternal and fetal health benefits: Decreased risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, excessive gestational weight gain, delivery complications and postpartum depression; fewer newborn complications, no adverse effects on birth weight and no increase in the risk of stillbirth.

It is recommended that all pregnant and postpartum women without contraindication should undertake regular physical activity throughout pregnancy and postpartum of at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobics throughout the week for substantial health benefits, incorporating a variety of aerobic and muscle strengthening activities and gentle stretching exercises. k

If pregnant and postpartum women are not meeting the recommendations, doing some physical activity will benefit their health.

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Pregnant and postpartum women should start by doing small amounts of physical activity, and gradually increase frequency, intensity and duration over time.

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Pelvic floor muscle training may be performed on a daily basis to reduce the risk of urinary incontinence.

CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS LIVING WITH DISABILITY (aged 5-17years) Children and adolescents living with disability should do at least an average of 60 minutes per day of moderateto vigorous intensity, mostly aerobic, physical activity, across the week. Vigorous-intensity aerobic activities, as well as those that strengthen muscle and bone should be incorporated at least 3 days a week.

The additional benefits of physical activity to health outcomes for those living with disability include: Improved cognition in individuals with diseases or disorders that impair cognitive functions including attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); improvements in physical function may occur in children with intellectual disability.

Children and adolescents living with disability should start by doing small amounts of physical activity and gradually increase the frequency, intensity and duration over time. There are no major risks for children and adolescents living with disabilities engaging in physical activity when it is appropriate to an individual's current activity level, health status and physical function and the health benefits accrued outweigh the risks.

Children and adolescents living with disabilities may need to consult a healthcare professional or a disability specialist to help determine the type and amount of activities appropriate for them.

ADULTS LIVING WITH DISABILITY (aged 18-64 years) The additional benefits of physical activity to health outcomes for those living with disability include improved physical function and physical, mental, and social domains of health-related quality of life. All adults living with disability should undertake regular physical activity. Adults living with disability should do at least 150300 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity; or at least 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous intensity activity throughout the week for substantial health benefits.

Adults living with disability should also do muscle strengthening activities at moderate or greater intensity that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these provide additional health benefits.

There are no major risks to adults living with disabilities engaging in physical activity when it is appropriate to the individual's current activity level, health status and physical function and when the health benefits accrued outweigh the risks. Adults living with disabilities may need to consult a healthcare professional or a disability specialist to help determine the type and amount of activities appropriate for them.

Regular physical activity is a known protective factor for the prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes etc. Physical activity also has benefits for mental health, delays the onset of dementia and can contribute to the maintenance of healthy weight and general well-being. Regular physical activity and balanced diet help us to lead a healthy life….

(Adopted from the 2020 WHO Guidelines for Physical activity and sedentary behaviour)

Article

Ms. Alphonsa P.J. Head Nurse, Nursing





CcpÄ hogv¯n ImgvNIÄ ad¨ Hmtcm cmhn\v tijhpw ]pXnb shfn¨¯nsâ ]I hcpsa¶v FÃmhcnepw Hcp {]Xo£bp­v. AtX t]mse tcmKw NndIäp hogv¯nb FÃm a\pjytcbpw tNÀ¯v ]nSn¨p ]pXnb kz]v\§Ä ImWphm³ {]tNmZ\w \ÂIp¶hcmWv Hmtcm \gvkpw. kmaqlnI AIew ]men¡Wsa¶v \nbaw \nesImÅp¶ AhØbn BWv \½fnt¸mÄ. tImhnUv h¶v acn¨ A½bpsS arXtZlw Gäphm§phm³ X¿mdmhmXncp¶ Hcp aIsâ hmÀ¯ I­ncp¶p. acWt¯mSpÅ `bw, tcmKw X§sfbpw ImÀ¶p Xnt¶¡pw F¶ `oXn......_豈 Deªp t]mIp¶ ImgvNIÄ BWv FhnsSbpw .

At¸mgmWv cm¸I Hcp ¹mÌnIv Ihdn\pÅn Xebpw DSepw, I¿pw s]mXnªp sh¨v apdpInb amk-vIpan«v, BtcmSpw ]cmXnIfnÃmsX Hmtcm \gvkpw ]e tcmKnIÄ¡pw aI\pw aIfpw ktlmZcnbpw ktlmZc\pambn Xocp¶Xv. Hcp Ipªns\ apebq«n Xsâ amdnsâ NqSnepd¡n, ]cmXnIfnÃmsX aehpw aq{Xhpw XpS¨p hr¯nbm¡n Hcp A½ sImSp¡p¶ IcpXensâ asämcp apJamWv Hmtcm \gvknepw \½Ä ImWpI. Fgpt¶Â¡Wsa¶p a\Êv ]dªmepw AXn\p {]m]vXaÃm¯ icocw sIm­v tcmKi¿bn InS¡pt¼mgpw ]p©ncntbmsS AhÀ h¶p \n¡pt¼mÄ Cu temI¯p thsdbmÀ¡v C§s\sbms¡ sN¿phm³ Ignbpsa¶v Nn´n¡Ww . ]ndhnsbSp¡p¶ Hmtcm Ipªnt\bpw A½ ImWpw ap³]v I­p amtdmSp tNÀ¡p¶hÀ . a\Êv aSp¯v BßlXy sN¿m³ {ian¨p ]cmPbs¸Sp¶hÀ¡p Bßhnizmkw \ÂIn PohnX¯nte¡v XncnsI \S¯p¶hÀ. Ipªn\v P·w sImSp¡m³ Ignbp¶nsö \ncmibn Ibdn Cd§p¶hÀ.

Bip]{XnbpsS CS\mgnIfn DähÀ \ãvs¸«v Aedn¡cbp¶hsc km´z\ambn tXmtfmSv tNÀ¯v \nÀ¯p¶hÀ. GsXmcp AXymlnX kmlNcyhpw kaNn¯XtbmsS t\cn«v, acWw ap¶n I­hÀ¡v tUmÎÀ hcpw ap³]v Xs¶ Pohsâ Xmfambn amdp¶hÀ. ]ehn[ k½À±¯nem­p t]mIp¶ tUmÎdpsS tZjy¯n\p ap¶n kmlNcyw a\knem¡n au\ambn \nesImÅp¶hÀ.

IpSpw_w, Ip«nIÄ, e`n¡p¶ i¼f¯n PohnXw c­ähpw Iq«n ap«n¡m\pÅ tX§epIÄ , Chsbms¡bpÅ ]¨bmb a\pjycmWv Ahcpw. AhcpsS \qdmbncw thZ\IÄ a\Ên apdn¸mSpIÄ D­m¡p¶p­v. F¦nÂt¸mepw tcmKnbpsS ap¶n hcpt¼mÄ AhÀ hyànIfmIp¶p. A{Xta Zb\obambn t\m¡p¶ Hmtcm tcmKntbbpw X§fpsS lrZbw sIm­v AhÀ kv]Àin¡p¶p. ]pXnb ]pecnIfpw NndIpIfpw hmKvZm\w \ÂIp¶p.

Hmtcm \gvkpw \ap¡v {]Xo£bpsS, tkh\¯nsâ {]XoI§fmWv. AhÀ thZ\bn \ap¡v BizmkamIp¶p, hogvNbn Xm§mIp¶p. \½psS BZy izmk¯nepw Ahkm\ izmk¯nepw km£nbmIp¶p. AhÀ \½psS Gähpw Bhiy kab¯v XWemIp¶p. temI¯v FhnsSbmbmepw \gvkpamÀ¡v Hcp apJta DÅp, tkh\¯nsâ.....AhcpsS \nkzmÀ° tkh\¯n\pw kvt\l¯n\pw \ap¡v Xncn¨v \ÂImw IcpXensâ, kvt\l¯nsâ, _lpam\¯nsâ Ic§Ä.

Spotlight

Spotlight Ms. Elizabeth Varkey Dy. Chief Nursing Officer & Professor, College of Nursing

1.

How would you define yourself with three main traits?

I am empathetic, self confident and a positive thinker.

2.

Who inspired you to pursue the career you have today?

My father. My life actually started in a hospital (MOSCM, Kolenchery, Ernakulam) where my father was the director of blind rehabilitation. I always used to visit the hospital along with my father as we were living in the quarters of the hospital. The nurses in the hospital were very loving and I had a deep sense of intimacy with them. Later when I grew up I had a passion to teach. Together these might have made me to pursue my career.

3.

If you could compare yourself with a leader, whom would you choose and why?

The great leader I would always treasure is none other than Gracy ma'am, the CEO of our institution. She is so special just because of her attitude to uplift everyone. She is a leader without ego, with positive vibes and a positive attitude.

4.

What is the greatest challenge you have had to overcome in your life thus far?

It was my transition from the teaching profession to the present designation of deputy Chief Nursing Officer.

5.

What is the best career lesson you've learned so far?

You may have to face the worst in order to get the best.

6.

If you saw someone administering improper medicine/not washing their hands, what would you do?

I will make them explain the necessity of doing procedures in the right manner. I always emphasize that the patients whosoever come to the hospital should not have the feeling that they will RIP (Rest in peace) but should feel RIP (Return is possible).

7.

What are you passionate about?

8.

What is your greatest strength?

Quality in health care and teaching.

My greatest strengths are my God and my husband, the two boosters of my success.

9.

What do you believe is leadership's role in fostering a healthy workplace?

I would like to answer this in pharmacological terms. A leader should act as an analgesic in times of pain, antiarrhythmic in times of conflict, antihypertensive in times of stress. A leader should understand and see people from their point of view, encourage and appreciate the good in them, try to see the positives in them rather than the negatives.

10.

What are your secret talents people might not know about you?

I am a motivational speaker.

Poem

Ms. Indu Dayanand Dy. Manager, Front Office

HmWambn s]mt¶mWambn, \msS§pw DÕhtafambn, ImgvNIsf¼mSpaps­¶mepw..... s]mbvt]mb ImgvNIsf´p tIaw. ]qh«nbpw ]qhnfnIfpambn ]p©ncn XqIn Ipªpa¡Ä, ]q¡fw XoÀ¡phmt\mSnbtXm þ s]mbvt]mb Ime¯n³ ]pWykvarXn. Nn§¯n³ XncpthmW \mfnsXm¶n thjmXn `qj\mbn F¯nSp¶ amthenX¼pcm³ amtemIÀ¡v, sFizcy k¼Âkar²atÃm....

AÀ°{Zhy§Ä¡XoXatÃm.

Ime§Ä t]mIth ImgvNIfpw HmÀ½X³ sN¸nse ]qhnfnbpw s]mbvt]mb kwk-vImc {]uVnIfpw C¶s¯ Xeapds¡¶pa\yw. \mSpw \Kchpw taftamsS, \m«pImscs¶¶pan¼tamsS, ISIt¼mf§Ä ssI¯dnIÄ, Ikhnsâ ambImgvNIfmbv... \Kc¯nt\mcs¯ I¨hS§fpw tIcfkÀ¡mcn³ tem«dnbpw... tIcf¯n³ alXzhpambn hs¶¯pw Nm\en³ t{]m{KmapIÄ, C¶s¯ ambImgvNbtÃm ambm¯ adbm¯ ImgvNbtÃm.....

Zmcn{Zhpw ]ns¶ ssZ\yXbpw Ime¯n³ Ibv]p\ocpIfpw k¼¯n¶n¶s¯ Ime¯nepw ambm¯ adbm¯ ImgvNbtÃm.

Poem

Mr. Bhaskaran V.K. Theatre Assistant, Operation Theatre

hnScpw {]`mXambn ]Scpw shfn¨taIm³ XIcnà XocpInà CXp Xs¶ k^e P·w.

Hcp s]m³Xncn {]Imiw kvt\lw ]IÀ¶nSpt¼mÄ AWbmsX tim`tbIm³ XgpIp¶ Imäp t]mse F¯p¶p kIescm¶mbv Bhp¶sXms¡ \ÂIm³ (hnScpw...) ssI tImÀ¯v tNÀ¶p \n¡pw Hcp h³ aXn IWs¡ XWteIn im´n \ÂIm³ sh¼ps¶mcmip]{Xn AXp Xs¶ BMH³ XIcm¯ kvt\l_Ôw (hnScpw...)

Poem

Dr. V.G. Pradeep Kumar Sr. Consultant & Dy. Chief, Neurology

]mXnhnSÀ¶ I®pIfneqsS t\m¡nbt¸mÄ Npänepw aqS am{Xw Imgv¨ sXfnªt¸mÄ apdnbn Hgnª I«nepIÄ......

CS¯pw, he¯pw, FXnscbpw InS¶hscÃmw t]mbn..... \mept]cn Rms\mcmÄ _m¡n A´co£¯n cq£amb AWp\min\nIfpsS KÔw.. `oXnXamb \niÐXsb Iodnapdn¡p¶ iÐhpambn lrZb Xmf IWs¡Sp¸p b{´w Ne\¯n\pw \nÝeXbv¡panSbnse t\À¯phcp¶ hcIÄ....

Imes¯ shÃphnfn¨v amcnX³ Ips¯mgp¡v Hgp¡ns\Xnsc \o´m³ Bªmªp izmkw hen¡p¶hÀ kabs¯ tXm¸n¨v AXnthKw ]mª PohnXw Ct¸mÄ Ne\aäpw aµKXnbnepw Cgbp¶p... bm{Xbv¡nSanÃ, Iq«pIqSm\mcpanà ImWm\pw,]dbm\pw s\m¼c§Ä am{Xw.........

Ne\hpw thKhpw Xncn¨p ]nSn¡m³ Xo{h{iaw... lrZbXmf b{´¯nsâ Ic¨nen\v Xo{hXtbdp¶p....

Npänse ImgvNIÄ¡v ho­pw \ndw a§p¶p....

Hgp¡ns\XnscbpÅ Bªphen¡v iàn Ipdbp¶p........

I®pIÄ ho­paSbp¶p....

C¯hW ]mXnbà apgph\mbpw Xs¶...

Story

Mr. Rajeev M. Assistant Supervisor Engineering Support

\à agt¡mfp­mbncp¶n«pw ag s]¿mªXpw, i\nbmgvN k¼qÀW tem¡v Uu¬ {]Jym]n¨XpsIm­pw AXymhiyw \à kv]oUn Xs¶ BWv Rm³ h­ntbmSn¨Xv. Nne SuWpIfn sIm¨v, sIm¨v Xnc¡pIÄ Hgn¨m tdmUv s]mXpsh Imenbmbncp¶p. AhnShnS§fnembn t]meokv FbnUv t]mÌpIÄ.

NnebnS§fn ssIImWn¨v \nÀ¯m³ Bhiys¸Sp¶p. t]mIp¶ ImcyImcW§Ä klnXw hnhcn¨p sImSp¯t¸mÄ t]mIm\pÅ A\paXn. ^Ìv Knbdnte¡v X«n BI-vknetdäÀ AaÀ¯n ho­pw bm{X XpScp¶p. ap¶n Hcp sIm¨p Ibähpw henb Hcp hfhpw h¶t¸mÄ h­n BsIsbm¶v Deªp. sXm«Sp¯v ap¶nse koän ab§p¶ hntiz«sâ Xe sNdpXmsbm¶v Ncnªp. H¶v I®v Xpd¶v t\m¡n aq¸cv ho­pw ab¡amcw`n¨p. cmhnse tPmenbv¡v t]mIm³ ss_¡v ÌmÀ«v sN¿pt¼mgmWv hntiz«³ HmSnInX¨v ho«nte¡v hcp¶Xv. F´m hntiz«m?.....F´m {]iv\w?... ]cn{`ahpw k¦Shpw sIm­v aq¸sc Np­pIÄ hndbv¡p¶p­mbncp¶p.

F´m hntiz«m {]iv\w?....F´m D­mbXv?.... hntiz«sâ ]cn{`aw I­v `mcy Znhybpw ASpt¯¡v h¶v tNmZn¨p.

FS, A\nsâ ama³ hnfn¨ncp¶p. \½sf e¨qs\ tlmkv]näen AUvanäv sNbvXq¶v... s]s«¶v hcm\pw ]dªp. ¶v«v t^m¬ I«v sNbvXp. ]nt¶ hnfn¨n«v FSp¡p¶qey,..... hnd¨ Np­pItfmsS hntiz«³ F§ns\tbm ]dsªm¸n¨p. \n§fv A\nsb hnfnt¨m?......Rm³ tNmZn¨p.

AXn\v, Hmsâ t^mWpw e¨qsâ t^mWpw Hs¡ kzn¨v Hm^m.... ¶m....]ns¶ Rms\m¶v hnfn¨p t\m¡s«....\n§fv C§s\ t]Sn¡m­ncnbv¡o...Rm³ t^msWSp¯v dn«.

Xlkn ZmÀ ZmtamZc³ \mbsc hnfn¨p. kwkmcn¡pt¼mÄ Fsâ apJs¯ FI- v k v s {]j³ hntiz«³ ImWmXncn¡m³ th­n t^mdnMv sN¿p¶ kab¯v Rm³ Ipd¨v apt¶m«v \S¶p. Ipd¨v kabs¯ ZoÀL dnwKpIÄ¡v tijw adpXebv¡Â t^msWSp¯p. ltem......A\nbpsS ama\tÃ? Rm³ atljm....atljv....\½sS e¨qsâ.....

BtWm....BtWm....F¶m icn, R§Ä thKw Xncn¡mw.....

Story

H¶panà hntiz«m...AXv A\nbpsS jÀs«m¶v Ab¬ sN¿pt¼mÄ e¨q\v sNdpXmsbm¶v tjm¡Sn¨p.

AhnsS ASp¯pÅ tlmkv]näen AUvanäv sNbvXncn¡phm.....\½Ä¡v thKw t]mImw....At§m«v...

AXn\v \n\¡v eohpt­mSm? hntiz«³ ho«nev t]mbn«v {UÊv amdn, B Imdnsâ Nmhn FSp¯v H¶v hbv¡v. At¸mtg¡pw Rm³ t_mkns\ hnfn¨n«v C¶s¯ eohv ]dbs«. tem¡v Uu¬ BbXv sIm­v h­n D]tbmKn¡p¶hÀ eohv FSp¡cpsX¶v t_mkv {]tXyIw ]dªXmbncp¶p. F¶mepw Imcyw ]dªt¸mÄ Ipd¨v apjn¨ntemsS BsW¦n IqSn eohv A\phZn¨p.

Fs´¦nepw kocnbkv Dt­m atltj«m?..... hntiz«sâ ho«nte¡v \S¡p¶ hgn¡v Znhy tNmZn¨p.

FSo, sNdpXmbns«m¶v tjm¡Sn¨p, F¶mWv ]dªXv . IqSpXsem¶pw tNmZnbv ¡ m³ aq¸cv Iq«m¡p¶nÃ. t^m¬ I«v sNbvXp. F´mbmepw \obnXv BtcmSpw ]dbm³ \n¡­. BZyw R§fv AhnsS t]mbn hcs«. tamt\ atltj....Rm\m ss{UhÀ kXojns\ IqSn hnfnbv¡tWm?...Hcp]mSv Zqcw h­ntbmSn¡m\pÅXtÃ?

Imdnsâ Nmhn F\n¡v \o«n hntiz«³ tNmZn¨p.

AsXm¶pw kmcey, hntiz«m... t]mÀ¨n \n¶pw ImsdSp¯v, hntiz«s\bpw Ibän Rm³ apt¶m«v \o§n. F¸tgm ss{Uhn§n \n¶v hyXnNen¨v Rm³ hntiz«s\ t\m¡nbt¸mÄ Ft´m BtemNn¨v, I®n \n¶pw I®oÀ hmÀ¡p¶ hntiz«s\bmbncp¶p Rm³ I­Xv. F´m¶dnbnÃ, F\ns¡m¶pw B kab¯v aq¸tcmSv tNmZn¡phm³ hsc tXm¶nbnÃ. sslkv¡qÄ A[ym]I\mbn dn«bÀ sNbvX hyànbmWv hniz\mY³. FÃmhÀ¡pw aq¸cv hniz³ amjm.

A½bpsS A\nb¯nbpsS `À¯mhv Bbncp¶n«v IqSn F\n¡pw Fsâ s]§Ä¡pw aq¸cv hntiz«\mbncp¶p. Rm³ ]¯n ]Tn¡pt¼mgmWv hntiz«³ R§sf IpSpw_¯nte¡v Ibdn h¶Xv. R § s f e ¨ q \ v ] { ´ ­v h b Ê p Å t ¸ m Ä s N d n b ½ a c n ¨ p . e ¨ q s â ` m h n s b I c p X n ho«pImcpw,kplr¯p¡fpw Hcp]mSv \nÀ_Ôn¨n«pw hntiz«³ thsdmcp hnhmlw Ign¡m³ Iq«m¡nbnÃ.

Un{Kn Ignªv e¨p _m¦v sSÌpIfpw, ]nFÊn ]co£Ifpw FgpXn \S¡p¶ Ime¯v XmÂImenIambn hoSn\v ASp¯pÅ Hcp _m¦n tPmenbv¡v t]mbncp¶p. hntiz«sâ kzm[o\w sIm­mWv Cu tPmen e`n¨Xv. AhnSps¯ ko\nbÀ amt\PÀ ]¯\wXn«bnse A\n Ipamdn\v R§sf e¨qs\ Hcp]mS§v Cãmbn. B Cãw Ah³ e¨qt\mSv Xs¶ ]dªp. Imcyw \à coXnbn \S¡Wsa¦n Ft¶mtSm, hntiz«t\mtSm ]dbWw, F¶mbn e¨p. A§s\bmWv A\n Cu Bhiyhpambn Fs¶ kao]n¨Xv. R§Ä At\zjn¨t¸mÄ {]iv\§Ä H¶pw I­nÃ. \à kpapJ\mb sNdp¸¡mc³. \à tPmen, ho«n AÑ\pw A½bv¡pw Hä tam³. \à km¼¯nI AhØbpÅ Npäp]mSpIÄ. CXn IqSpX F´p thWw e¨phns\ At§m«v R§Ä¡v ]dªb¡mXncn¡m³.

Hcp]mSv AanX BÀ`mSt¯msSbmWv hniz³ amjv aIÄ e£van{]nbsb A\n Ipamdnsâ ssIbn Gev]n¨Xv. hnhmlw Ignªv 3 amkw Ignªt¸mÄ A\nbv¡v \m«nte¡v {Sm³kv^À In«n. Hcp kp{]`mX¯n kz´w aIsf Hcp]mSv Zqtcbv¡v ]dªbt¡­n h¶t¸mÄ hntiz«³ BsI XfÀ¶ncp¶p. ]s£ FÃm amkhpw ss{UhÀ kXojnt\w Iq«n e¨phns\ ImWm³ hntiz«³ t]mImdp­v.

BZys¯ 2þ3 amk§fn t]m¡pw hchpw `b¦c Djmdnembncp¶p. Xncn¨v ChnsSsb¯n AhfpsS Imcyw R§sf Adnbn¡m\pÅ hy{KXbmbncp¶p aq¸À¡v. ]n¶oSt§m«v Xncn¨v Ct§m«v hcpt¼mÄ DÅ Djmsdms¡ t]mbn; Rms\s´¦nepw tNmZn¨m s]s«¶v hnjbw amän kwkmcn¡pw. Hcp Znhkw ZnhytbmSv ]dªpþ tamtf, Ahs\mcp kmUnÌmWv...

Bcv hntiz«m?....Znhy AÛpXt¯msS tNmZn¨p. A\n.....\½sS e¨qs\ Ah³ hÃm­v D]{Zhnbv¡n­v.

F´n\p.....Znhybv¡v hnizkn¡m³ ]änbnÃ. Ah\v In«nb Imsim¶pw t]mcm¶v. sImSp¯ kzÀWw ]IpXnbpw hnäp.....FÀWmIpf¯v Ft´m _nkn\Ên Fd¡o«ps­¶m ]dbtW...Cs¸m Ah\pw Iq«À¡pw Ft´m kn\na ]nSn¡Ww t]mepw....AXv Fsâ ssIbo¶v sImSp¡Ww ¶v....

F{X?..... Znhy tNmZn¨p.

A¼Xv e£w.....

A¼Xv et£m..... Znhy A¼c¶p.

AXn\v hg¡pw h¡mWhpambncp¶p. Rm³ t]mWXnsâ Xte¶v.Hcp]mSv ASn¨q¶pw, ]nSn¨p XÅo¶pw.....s\än s]m«n Ìn¨v C«qs¶ms¡bm ]dbp¶Xv. Fsâ Ip«n Hcp]mSv Icªp. Ft¶mSv A\nsâ Imcyw Xs¶bmtWm hntiz«³ ]dbp¶Xv, hnizkn¡m³ ]äv¶nÃm....t«m....AÃm, A\n IpSow heow Hs¡t­m?.......Znhy km[mcW s]®p§Ä tNmZn¡p¶ Øncw UbtemKv ]dªv sIm­v \nÀ¯n.

Story

Ax ps­¦n ]nt¶w sImd¨v kam[m\n¡mbncp¶p. CXv AsXm¶qÃm...Imiv­m¡Ww, Imiv­m¡Ww F¶ {`m´amb Nn´ am{Xw......AXn\v B Xt´w XtÅw..Iq«pw....B, \obnsXm¶pw \½sf atljnt\mSv ]dbm³ \n¡­.....tI«m Ah\v kln¡nÃ.....Ah³ A\ns\ hnfn¡pw....]ns¶ AXnsâ t]cnev ]nt¶w Hmtcm {]iv\§fv .....B, Ah\v th­Xv ImitÃ....hgnbp­m¡n sImSp¡mw.....CXpw ]dªv hntiz«³ ho«n \n¶d§n.

A¶v cm{Xn InS¡¸mbbnse ZnhybpsS XebWa{´¯nsâ {][m\ AP­ Cu hnjbambncp¶p. sâ ]p¶mc atltj«m.....Rm\nXv \n§tfmSv ]dªn«pey.... \n§fv X v tI«n«peym.......Hmsc´m¨m Bbnt¡ms«....Hmcmbn...Hsc....]mSmbn.....\n§fv C\n AXv¸w Gäv ]nSn¡ms\m¶pw t]m­.... IqSpX ]dªv shdp¸n¡p¶Xn\v aps¼ Rm³ Dd¡w \Sn¨v Xncnªv InS¶p.....

Znhy A§s\ ]dsª¦nepw, Rm³ ]ntä¶v Hm^oknse Hgnhpkab¯v A\nsb H¶v hnfn¨p. t^m¬ FSp¯ ]msS adpXe¡Â......B....Afnbm....F´p­v hntijw?.... \à hntijw A\n....AhnsS? ChnsS FÃmhÀ¡pw kpJw Afnbm....AÃ, Afnb³ F´m.. Cs¸m... Fs¶......

AsXt´?.....

AÃ, H¶qey,....km[mcW e¨qs\ Atà hnfn¡mdv...AtXm­v tNmZn¨Xm.....

Ahsf hnfn¨n«v In«nbnÃ.....AtXm­m....\ns¶ hnfns¨....F¶m icn....\obnt¸m FhnsSbm?....

Rm³ _m¦nemWv..... Afnbm...thsd hntijw H¶qsæn I«v sN¿s«.....sImtd Xnc¡pÅ ZnhkamWn¶v.

F¶m icn, ht¨m.....AhtfmSv ]dbv, Rm³ Ahsf H¶v hnfn¡p¶ps­¶v.....Rm³ I\s¸« `mjbn H¶v ]dªv t^m¬ I«v sNbvXp. A¶v sshIo«v AhfpsS hm«vkv A¸n \n¶v AhÀ c­pt]cpw IqSnbpÅ Hcp]mSv kt´mjIcamb IpSpw_ t^mt«mIÄ R§Ä¡v c­pt]À¡pw e`n¨p....AXv In«nb Du¡nÂ, ZnhybpsS A¶s¯ cm{Xnbnse AP­bnepw, kXyw ]dbs«, Rm³ B Imcyw hn«p..... ]ntä¶v, RmbdmgvN Bbncp¶n«v IqSn Rm³ H¶v e¨qs\ hnfn¡phmt\m.....hntiz«s\ H¶v t]mbn ImWmt\m apXnÀ¶nÃ.

AXv Ignªn«v Ct¶¡v 6 Znhkambn. C¶nt¸m Fsâ e¨p tjm¡Sn¨v Bip]{Xnbnembn F¶ t^mWpw h¶ncn¡p¶p.

Rm³ icn¡pw Rm\mhp¶ AhØ h¶t¸mÄ Rm³ h­n kU³ t{_¡n«v \nÀ¯n. sskUnte¡v ASp¸n¨p Xe Ncn¨v hntiz«s\ H¶v t\m¡n. koän Xe Nmbv¨v I®S¨v Ccn¡p¶ hntiz«sâ apJ¯v Hcp sNdp ]p©ncn F\n¡v ^o sN¿p¶pt­m?

F\nbv¡v Ahsf A¶v cm{Xn H¶v hnfn¨m aXnbmbncp¶p, Ahs\ H¶v No¯ ]dªv t]Sn¸n¨v \nÀ¯nbm aXnbmbncp¶p. ]ntä¶v RmbdmgvN hntiz«s\ H¶v t]mbn I­mse¦nepw aXnbmbncp¶p......

Hcp]mSv kabambntÃSm.. \o h­n HmSn¡p¶Xv, AXm ]dªXv, Rm³ kXojns\ IqSn hnfn¡m¶v. \osbmcp Imcyw sN¿v, AXm AhnsS Hcp Nmb¸oSnI Im®v­v. AhntS¡v sskUm¡v, \a¡v Fs´¦nepw Ignbv¡mw....... Ìnbdn§n Xe h¨ InS¶ Rm³ s]s«¶v I®pIÄ XpS¨v FWoäp. aq¸cv ImWcpXv F¶ps­¦nepw.......

ImWm¯Xmbn A`n\bn¨p sIm­v...........]s£, AXv I­v aq¸cv apJw Xncn¨p... tN«m, c­v Nmb...H¶v B h­nbntebv¡m t«m...... tdmUn³sd Hmc¯v sskUm¡nb h­nbnte¡v Nq­n Rm³ B Nmb¡S¡mct\mSv ]dªp. ag N¶w ]n¶w s]¿m³ XpS§nbt¸mÄ Rm³ B s]«n¡SbpsS Hmct¯¡v henªp. ssIbn In«nb ¥mknse Bhn ]d¡p¶ Nmb NqtSmsS Hcp IhnÄ sImÅpt¼mÄ Imdnsâ ¥mÊpIÄ Xmgv¯n IS¡mcsâ ssIbn \n¶v Nmb¥mÊv hm§p¶ hntiz«sâ apJamWv Rm³ {i²n¨Xv. F¶nse ¥mkv Hcp sskUn h¨v samss_ FSp¯v s\äv HmWm¡nbt¸mÄ hm«vkv A¸nsâbpw FBbpsSbpw Nd ]dm¶pÅ satÊPpIfpsS Hgp¡v....kwØm\¯v ho­pw kv{Xo[\ acWw. bphXnbpsS acWw sIme]mXIsa¶v kqN\. {]apJ Nm\en At¸mÄ h¶ t\m«n^nt¡j³ Rm³ FSp¯v t\m¡n...AXv apgph³ ImWm³ \n¡msX ....IpSn¨v XpS§nb Nmb apgph³ Ign¡msX...bm{´nIambn Rm³ IS¡mc\v Imip sImSp¯v, Imdnsâ ASpt¯¡v \S¶p.

FSm...ag I\¡m³ XpS§nbn«p­v t«m...thKw h¶v h­nsbSp¡v..\ap¡v t]mImw.. hntiz«sâ B imk\bn h­nbn Ibdnb Rm³ ss{UhÀ kXojns\bpw Iq«­m F¶v ]dª \in¨ kabs¯ HmÀ¯v ]Ým¯]nbv¡pIbmbncp¶p...... apt¼m«v t]mb Imdns\ iàambn thZ\n¸n¨p sIm­v ag..........AXv s]bvXp sImt­bncp¶p......

Story

Mr. Simon Mathews

 

Asst. General Manager Supply Chain Management

tIcf¯n FÃm aX hn`mK§Ä¡pw AhchcptSXmb DÕh§Ä D­v. Hmtcm taJesb B{ibn¨p BtLmj§fnepw hyXymkw D­mImdp­v. F¶m HmWw PmXnaX t`Zat\y FÃm aebmfnIfpsSbpw DÕh BtLmjamWv. aebmfn temIs¯hnsS Bbncp¶mepw XncpthmW Znhkw Hcp ]mbkw F¦nepw D­m¡n DuWv Ign¨ncn¡pw. alm_en X¼pcm³ Xsâ {]PIsf ImWphm³ F¯p¶ B Znhkw amtemIscÃmw H¶p t]msebmIWw F¶ Xsâ B{Kls¯ ]qhWnbn¡phm³ Hmtcm {]PIfpw C¶pw {i²n¡p¶p.

HmWs¯¡pdn¨pÅ Fsâ HmÀ½IÄ BZyw ]mbp¶Xv k-vIqÄ PohnXIme¯nte¡mWv. HmWw F¶v BZyw tIÄ¡pt¼mÄ apäs¯ henb kt¸m« ac¯n sI«nbncp¶ Duªm BWv a\Ên HmSnsb¯p¶Xv. HmWmh[n In«p¶ Znhkw Xs¶ A½¨nsb sskzcyw sISp¯n ho«nse ]Wn¡mcs\ sIm­v IbÀ hm§n Duªm sI«n¡pI F¶ IS¼ IS¡p¶p. ]n¶oSpÅ ]¯v Znhk§Ä IfnIfpsS Zn\§Ä BWv. Iq«pImcpw hncp¶p hcp¶ Ikn³kpw hIbmbn BsI Hcp tafw. ho«nemsW¦n A½¨nbpw ]Wn¡mcpw IqSn G¯¡mb Dt¸cn(Imb hdp¯Xv), IfnbS¡, iÀ¡c hc«n, Ipge¸w XpS§nb ]elmc§Ä D­m¡p¶Xnsâ _lfw. R§Ä sNdp skän\v Ibdnbnd§n sImdn¡p¶ ]Wnbpw. XncpthmW Znhkw henb kZy Hcp¡Â H¶pw {]tXyIambn D­mImdnÃ. ho«n ]q¡fw CSepw A]qÀÆw. F¶m ]mbkw Hgnhm¡mdnÃ. CXn GsX¦nepw Znhk§fn tZlw apgph\pw Nmbw ]qin hcp¶ ]penbpw, I¸SmaoibpÅ th«¡mc\pw tNÀ¶pÅ ]penIfn ho«nse¯pw, IqSmsX Nnet¸mÄ Ipcpt¯mebpw, Xp¼bpw sI«n hcp¶ HmW¯¸³, BZysams¡ ImWpt¼mÄ t]Snbmbncp¶p. ]n¶oSv amdn. Ab hoSpIfn Nnet¸mÄ XncphmXncIfn \S¡p¶Xv Zqsc \n¶v ImWpw. CXv temhÀ ss{]adn k-vIqÄ Imew. hoSn\Sp¯pÅ Kh¬saâv temhÀ ss{]adn k-vIqfnembncp¶p _meyImew. _m_p, s]m¶¨³, hmkp, taml\³, kt´mjv, kXojv, tPmkv Chscms¡ H¯pÅ IfnIÄ, A¨³tImhn Bänse sshIpt¶c§fnse hnkvXcn¨pÅ Ipfnbpw, IfnIfpw F¶v th­ HmÀ½IÄ ]eXpw Ct¸mÄ a\kn HmSnsb¯p¶p.

Story

XpSÀ¶pÅ ]T\w ]´fw F³.Fkv.Fkv t_mbvkv sslk-vIqfnÂ. HmWmh[n¡v Iq«pImcpsS hoSv kµÀi\§Ä, ssk¡nÄ bm{XIÄ, {In¡äv, ^pSvt_mÄ IfnIÄ. Hmtcm hÀjhpw HmWw, {InkvXpakv, th\eh[n F¶nhbv¡mbpÅ Im¯ncn¸v. ]n¶oSv Iq«pImcpambn tNÀ¶v ASp¯ sImÃs¯ ]²XnIÄ Bkq{XWw sN¿Â F¶v th­ k-vIqÄ PohnXw BsI ckabw Bbncp¶p. Poh³ tXmakv, kmP³ tImin, ctaiv IpamÀ, IrjvWIpamÀ, ^nen¸v kmapthÂ, IntjmÀ, taml³IpamÀ, cmP³ hey¯m³, cLp, tKm]oIrjvW³, thWptKm]m F¶o Iq«pImÀ. ¢mkn R§Ä Ccp]¯nsbm¶p t]À am{Xw. C¶v Hmtcmcp¯cpw D¶X \neIfnepw hnhn[ Øm\§fnepw Ignbp¶p. NneÀ a¡fpw, sIm¨pa¡fpambn hn{ia PohnXhpw \bn¡p¶p. AXn R§fpsS {]nbs¸« hnPb½ So¨dpsS aI³ taml³IpamÀ am{Xw C¶v \odp¶ Hcp HmÀ½bmbn XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. AXncphn« Iq«psI«pw, AanX aZy]m\hpw, ab¡pacp¶v D]tbmKhpw \in¸n¨ PohnXw. Hcp {SmPn¡Â F³UnMv. BtcmSpw H¶pw ]dbmsX Ah³ t]mbn, Xncn¨p hcm¯ temIt¯¡v.

Iemeb PohnXw XpSÀ¶v XeØm\\Kcnbnte¡v ]dn¨p\«p. AhnsS F¯nbt¸mÄ BWv Fsâ HmW ImgvNIÄ amdnbXv. sXmÅmbnc¯n Fgp]¯n H³]Xv, F¬]Xv hÀj§fn BWv \½psS kÀ¡mÀ HmWhmcmtLmj§Ä XpS§nbXv. Ggv Znhks¯ DÕhw. BZy hÀjs¯ HmWmtLmjw C¶pw HmÀabn ambmsX D­v. IhSnbmÀ apX Ingt¡tIm« hscbpÅ cmP ]mXbpsS Ccphi§fnepw CSXqÀ¶p \n¡p¶ ac§Ä apgph³ Zo]me¦mc§Ä, IhSnbmÀ sIm«mcw, cmPv `h³, a{´n aµnc§Ä, I\I¡p¶v sIm«mcw, ayqknbw, \Kck`m Imcymebw, ss^³ BÀSvkv tImtfPv, ]mfbw ]Ån, bqWnthgvknän tImtfPv, hn.sP.Sn. lmÄ, sk{I«dntbäv XpS§n ]mXbpsS Ccphihpw DÅ sI«nS§Ä \ndsb an¶n Xnf§p¶ hÀ® hnf¡pIÄ I®pNn½p¶ Imgv¨. I\I¡p¶v sIm«mcw, ayqknbw, hn.sP.Sn. lmÄ, bqWnthgvknän sk\äv lmÄ, sk³{S tÌUnbw, ]p¯cn¡­w ssaXm\w F¶nhnS§fn Znhkhpw hnhn[ Iem]cn]mSnIÄ F¶v th­ BsI DÕhabw. ]mXncmthmfw tdmUv \ndsb P\{]hmlw, IhSnbmÀ apX Ingt¡tIm« hscbpÅ A©v IntemaoäÀ hsc \S¶p t]mbmepw Hcp £oWhpw CÃ.

CXn FÃmänepw sIt¦aw Ahkm\ Znhks¯ ]»nIv dntej³kv hIp¸v t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶ tLmjbm{XbmWv. kÀ¡mcnsâ hnhn[ hIp¸pIÄ hI ^vtfm«pIÄ, Btbm[\IeIÄ, tKm{XhÀK \r¯§Ä, sN­tafw, ]©mcn tafw, A½³IpSw, tIm¡fn, XncphmXncIfn, ]penIfn, alm_en X p S § n b h t N À ¶ t L m j b m { X ] p ¯ c n ¡ ­w s s a X m \ n b n  k a m ] n ¡ p t ¼ m Ä aWn¡qdpIÄ \ofpw. kao] PnÃIfn \n¶v t]mepw F¯p¶ P\k©bw A¡mes¯ BäpIm s]m¦mebpsS BÄ¡q«s¯ t]mepw ]n´Åpambncp¶p. A{X P\kmKcw BWv A\´]pcnbpsS cmPhoYnbnÂ. Iemeb ]T\¯nsâ A©v hÀj§fnepw Ch H¶p t]mepw apS¡nbn«nÃ. C¶v AXv hgn IS¶p t]mIpt¼mÄ cmPhmgvNbpsS Ime¯v sh¨v ]nSn¸n¨ncp¶ XWÂac§Ä ]eXpw tdmUv hnIk\¯n\v t]cn apdn¨p amänbncn¡p¶ ImgvN a\Êns\ apdns¸Sp¯p¶p. tImgnt¡mSv F¯nb \mÄ apX R§fpsS HmW¯n\v thsdmcp am\w ssIh¶p. A¯w apX Ip«nIÄ¡v ]q¡fw Hcp¡Â, AXn\v XteZnhkw ]qhv hmt§­p¶ ]Wn. Nne Znhk§fn Bip]{Xnbn \n¶pw Cd§pt¼mÄ ]qhnÂ]\ Ignªp t]mbn«p­mIpw. ho«n sNÃpt¼mÄ Ip«nIÄ Nnet¸mÄ Dd§nbn«p­mhpw. ]ntä Znhkw ASp¯ ho«n \n¶pw AhcpsS Iq«pImÀ _m¡n ]qhpambn hcpt¼mÄ BWv AhcpsS Ipdp¼pw ]nW¡hpw XocpI. SuWnepw, anTmbn sXcphnepw, ]mfb¯pw DÅ Xnc¡pIÄ, am\m©nd¡v NpäpapÅ Xm¡menI I¨hS§Ä, D{XmS¸m¨n F¶v th­ BsI FÃmw Hcp Xnc¡v abw. Ct¸mÄ Ip«nIÄ Bsc¦nepw ho«n Ds­¦n Hcp Znhksa¦nepw ]q¡fw CSpw, Hcp sNdnb kZy Hcp¡pw, AS {]Ya³ t\cs¯ HmÀUÀ sN¿pw. _n. Fw. F¨v. se HmWmtLmj§Ä XpS§nb \mÄ apX AXnepÅ ]¦mfn¯w CsXÃmw Fsâ \à HmÀ½IÄ. HmWw F¶Xv FÃm aebmfn¡pw cà¯n Aenªp tNÀ¶ Hcp BtLmjhpw elcnbpamWv. aX{`m´pw, hnLS\hmZhpw, Xo{hhmZhpw FÃmw tNÀ¶v hcpw \mfpIfn Cu elcnsb CÃmbva sN¿cptX F¶v BßmÀ-°-ambn B{Kln¡p¶p. aX¯nsâbpw PmXnbpsSbpw t]cn a\pjys\ thÀXncn¨p ImWp¶ \mfpIÄ D­mItÃ. amthen \mSphmWoSpw Imew H¶v XncnsI hs¶¦nÂ.

Article

Dr. Pradeep Kumar P. Consultant, Medical Gastroenterology

HEPATITIS B VIRUS: ARE YOU IMMUNE? Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a DNA virus that primarily affects the liver. This can lead to either acute or chronic infection. HBV is transmitted through percutaneous or mucosal exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. HBV is highly infectious, can be transmitted in the absence of visible blood and can remain on environmental surfaces for at least seven days. However, in many patients there will not be any definite contact history.

Acute Hepatitis B infection resolves spontaneously in most of the patients. But chronic Hepatitis B infection is difficult to treat, and can progressively damage the liver and lead to chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

India carries the second largest burden of chronic HBV infections globally. About 50 million people are chronic HBV carriers in India and the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ranges between 2 to 8% in general population. Every year, around 1,15,000 Indians die due to HBV infections and complications.

HBV is an easily preventable disease. Hepatitis B vaccination is the mainstay of preventive efforts. Safe and effective recombinant DNA vaccine is available, which gives 98-100% protection from HBV infection. This was first developed in 1986. As the HBV is an etiology of liver cancer, HBV vaccine is also known as the first anti-cancer vaccine.

Medical and paramedical professionals are at increased risk of exposure to HBV virus infection. It is unfortunate that many of the health care workers had an interrupted vaccine schedule or do not check the immune response after completion of vaccination schedule because of lack of awareness.

Article

WHO ALL SHOULD TAKE VACCINE? All newborn babies (as a part of immunization schedule). Babies delivered by HBsAg positive mother should receive Hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the first dose of vaccine.

Vaccination of adults: Recommended for all unvaccinated adults at risk of infection.

1. Persons at risk of infection by sexual exposure (e.g.: sex partner of HBsAg positive persons) 2. Persons at risk for percutaneous or mucosal exposure to blood or body fluids (household contacts of HBsAg patients, health care workers etc.)

3. International travellers to high or intermediate prevalence area (>2%) 4. Patients with HCV or HIV infection 5. Patients with CLD 6. All other persons seeking protection for HBV infection without a specific risk factor.

VACCINATION SCHEDULE: Newborns: First dose at birth followed by 6, 10 and 14 weeks along with other vaccine (National immunization program) Adults: 3 doses. First dose followed by second dose after 1 month and third dose after 6 months (0, 1, 6).

Vaccine should be taken intramuscularly over the deltoid.

ADVERSE EFFECTS: HBV vaccine is well tolerated and adverse effects are very few. It is one of the safest vaccines developed.

Mild pain at the injection site and low grade fever are the most common side effects.

POST VACCINATION TESTING: Immune response of HBV vaccine is measured by the anti-HBs titer level in the blood. Anti-HBs titer ≥10 mIU/ml is considered as immune and gives lifelong protection in most of the cases. Routine post vaccination testing is recommended in health care workers, immunocompromised persons and hemodialysis patients. Titer should be checked 1-2 months after the final dose. If the titer is <10 mIU/ml, they have to receive the full vaccination schedule (0, 1, 6 months) again. Anti-HBs titer should be measured after revaccination. Persons who do not have a protective antibody concentration should test for HBsAg. If negative for HBsAg, they are considered as susceptible to HBV infection and should counsel about the precautions to prevent infection.

INTERRUPTED VACCINE SCHEDULE: For all ages, when the HBV vaccine schedule is interrupted, the vaccine series do not need to be restarted.

If the series is interrupted after the first dose, the second dose should be administered as soon as possible, and the second and third doses should be separated by an interval of at least 8 weeks. If only the third dose has been delayed, it should be administered as soon as possible. The final dose of vaccine must be administered at least 8 weeks after the second dose and should follow the first dose by at least 16 weeks; the minimum interval between the first and second doses is 4 weeks. Inadequate doses of Hepatitis B vaccine or doses received after a shorter than recommended dosing interval should be readministered, using the correct dosage or schedule.

POST EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS: What you need to do following a needle stick injury?

If health care workers got an accidental needle prick from HBsAg positive person, they need to check their anti-HBs titer immediately. If the titer is ≥10 mIU/ml no further action is required. If the titer is <10 mIU/ml they need to take HB immunoglobulin along with first dose of HBV vaccine. The vaccination schedule is to be completed as primary schedule.

Story

Ms. Kavitha Rajan N.K. Staff Nurse, Nursing

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Safety Week

Hospital Safety Week – 2021

Lt. Col. Sunny Thomas (Retd.)

Chief Administrative Officer

Every year BMH celebrates the Hospital Safety Week under the aegis of the Hospital Safety and HIC Committees with an aim to increase awareness on HIC, safety of facilities and patients. This opportunity is also used to make the hospital staff sensitive to various environmental issues within the hospital and its sustainability for our future generations. This year the Hospital Safety Week was held from 19 to 23 July 2021.

Since the whole world is rattled by the COVID pandemic, BMH took up the challenge and created new protocols for biomedical waste and linen management and also for firefighting in floors occupied by Covid patients. In addition, a number of projects which includes new construction and renovation is underway at various locations of the hospital. The topics for the awareness classes were specially selected based on these aspects.

The activities of the safety week conducted were:l Awareness classes were held 4 times for maximum participation and also included a class during the clinical meeting. The talks covered: (a) Fire Safety Protocol in Covid Wards – Lt. Col. Sunny Thomas (Retd.) (b) Myths and facts of COVID vaccination (not for clinicians) – Ms. Asha Mathew (c) Covid BMW management – Mr. Viswanathan (d) Safety & HIC norms during projects – Mr. Vijayakrishnan l Online games based on Safety, HIC, Quality etc. (a) Crossword Puzzle. Clues were provided for various words (down and across), participants had to guess the words and fill the blank boxes. (b) Pictorial Quiz - Hazard Evide?? Pictures were shown which contained common hazards. Players had to identify the hazard and select the most appropriate answer. l A confidential audit of the wards was conducted mainly to identify the wards which most adhered to HIC and biomedical equipment safety norms. This was in two categories – normal and critical care wards. l The valedictory function was held on 23 July 2021.

Dr. K.G. Alexander, our CMD was the chief guest,

Ms. Gracy Mathai, CEO, gave the keynote address and Mr. Saji Mathew, COO, felicitated the programme. The function was anchored by Ms. Sakha, welcome note was delivered by Ms. Asha and Mr. Prajin concluded with the vote of thanks. The Hospital Safety Week Report was delivered by Lt. Col. Sunny Thomas (Retd.), CAO. The programme was conducted with the cooperation of almost all the departments including technical support from Dr. Bijoy and Mr. Hisham. An attempt was made to maintain a high standard of all events.The participation was enthusiastic and also appreciated by all. Prizes were awarded to all winners. Prize winners are: Crossword Puzzle k First Prize Ms. Smitha M. Pillai k First Runner-up Ms. Vipisha M. k Second Runner-up Mr. Akhil E. Pictorial Quiz k First Prize Mr. Divesh V. k First Runner-up Ms. Anju C.M. k Second Runner-up Dr. Joe Davis Mr. Santhosh Balakrishanan was awarded a special prize for having scored maximum points in both the games.

Excellence in HIC Practices & Biomedical Equipment Safety Wards k First B7 k Runner-up C6W Critical Care k First NNICU k Runner-up CICU Such programmes more than often boost the interests of staff towards quality and also create awareness to environment and safety. This year's safety week seems to have generated such an effect mainly because of the uniqueness of the online games and short informative talks.

We shall continue relentlessly in the pursuit of achieving the highest level of safety and quality at BMH.

Article

TO LIE OR NOT TO LIE Dr. Shaji Thomas John Chief of Paediatrics & Chief of Clinical Support Services We have all been taught that we should at all times tell the truth and nothing but the truth. In fact, this is what all religions teach. And this is what all parents teach their children. And this is what is expected from all righteous people. Fine!

“Never tell a lie even in a fun” - is what my grandfather used to tell me. But let's look at a few situations that are neither funny nor meant for fun.

Imagine that a patient comes to a hospital; he is diagnosed to have a malignant lesion and the doctor gives the verdict that he will not live more than six months. The relatives are told so without mincing words. But they do not want the doctor to tell this to the patient, who they feel, will collapse on hearing that he has cancer. What should the doctor do when the patient asks the doctor about his illness? Remind himself he is an honest man and also the patient has a right to be told of his condition and proclaim the truth? And in the process dishearten him and displease his family?

Or another situation when a patient is brought in a serious condition. The doctors do their level best to bring him back to normal. The patient too has to mentally fight for his life.

Should the doctor tell the patient that his condition is very bad; and make him stop fighting for his life? Or should the doctor tell him that he has a problem but he is going to be alright within a few days; so as to give him hope and courage to overcome the hurdle? The medical profession teaches that everything need not be told to the patient, for his own benefit. And for that the doctor may have to tell a small lie. Is he not justified?

Or consider a young man who decides to get married, who had a myocardial infarction earlier. He does not tell this fact to his prospective bride. The girl's father, who suspects it and knows the doctor, approaches him and asks the status of his physical health. He asks point blank whether his prospective groom had a heart attack. Should he tell the truth? Ethically the doctor is not to divulge the medical history to anybody except in the court of law. If he says 'Yes', he is betraying his oath of professional secrecy. If he says “I cannot tell you that”, anyone with common sense will conclude that there is something fishy. Can he say 'No'?

A doctor's profession is classically stated to be a noble one.

It is a service to the sick and the poor. Well, it was cent percent so in the past. Now it is considered by many as a service for payment. If something goes wrong, he can be

taken to court for something done even with the best of intentions and without any willful negligence. The Supreme Court has now ruled that a doctor can refuse treatment. Even in life threatening conditions, if the doctor feels that he cannot manage the patient, he need only give first aid and can send him off to a place where he can be managed properly. And, refusing to treat the patient is not being inhuman, if it is not possible. But how many patients understand this?

Seeing and treating a patient may not be a physical strain at all. But it could be a mental strain, to make the right diagnosis and take the right decision; especially when you are doing long hours and your brain is fatigued. You have to be in a proper mental makeup for seeing and treating a patient because you are dealing with a human being; and not a machine or a file of papers. What is done is done, and you may not get another chance to make a correction for the wrong decision taken.

Can any other professional person work nonstop?

International Labour Organization dictates a maximum of eight hours work for any person. A doctor might work for ten to twelve hours per day or even more, and after that when he is exhausted and he refuses any further work, he is branded as a hard- hearted, unsympathetic brute.

Doctors are also human beings and may have their moods, weaknesses, physical and mental fatigue. But the patients or their attendants are in no mood to understand that when they come for treatment. So, if the doctor is in a bad state of health, it is better that he sees not the patient, rather than see him and maybe tarnish his image and curtail all future prospects of interacting with that patient.

A patient who regularly consulted a doctor friend of mine called him last month, and wanted to see him. The doctor picked up the phone and told him the truth that he was very sick and was not in a position to see anybody. The patient pleaded, but finally got irritated when the doctor refused to see him. (Doctors are omnipotent and cannot get sick!)

Maybe he will never again come to that doctor; concluding from the way he cut off the phone call. Could a small lie, by someone else who could have answered the phone and told that the doctor was not at home, have saved the situation and maintained the goodwill the patient had with the doctor?

And this brings to my mind what my mother used to tell me in my younger days: “ A truth teller who cannot hold his tongue can create more harm than an university full of trained liars” God save the clan of apothecaries.

(What has been written is based on a few true-life situations faced by me and some of my friends and is not an attempt to encourage or justify telling lies.)

Article

\gvknwKv ]T\hpw sXmgn Ahkc§fpw XÂØnXnbpw `mhnbpw Prof. (Dr.) Roy K. George Director - Academics & Principal, College of Allied Medical Sciences & College of Nursing

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\gvknwKnse `mhnbpw sXmgnehkc§fpw.

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Article

KpWta·, \nehmcw (NABH, JCI), A{IUntäj³ Chbv¡mbn IqSpX \gvkpamsc \nban¡m³ \nÀ_Ôambt¸mÄ sXmgnehkc§fn h³ hÀ²\bp­mbn. AtXmsS kÀhokv cwK¯v \gvkv amt\PÀ, P\d amt\PÀ ]ZhnIfpw No^v FI-vknIyq«ohv Hm^okÀamÀ XkvXnIIfn hsc \gvkpamÀ \nban¡s¸Sm³ XpS§n.

AtXmsSm¸w hntZi cmPy§fnse kmlNcy§fn h¶ amäw h³ IpXn¨p Ibä¯n\v Ct¸mÄ CSbm¡nbncp¶p.

1. {_n«Wnse h³ km[yXIÄ 2008\p tijw C´y³ \gvkpamÀ¡v {_n«\n Imcyamb sXmgn km[yX D­mbncp¶nÃ. F¶m Ignª c­p hÀjambn Bbnc¡W¡n\v Ahkc§Ä Cw¥­n kwPmXambncn¡p¶p. 90IfpsS Ahkm\w apX h³ XpI apS¡n \gvkpamÀ {_n«\nte¡v t]mbncp¶p. F¦n C¶v ]cn]qÀWambn kuP\yambmWv \gvkpamÀ¡v UK sXmgn Ahkc§Ä \ÂIp¶Xv. {_n«\n F¯n¡gnªm C´ybn AS¨ ]co£m ^okv hsc do^­v sN¿p¶p. C´y³ \gvkpamcpsS {][m\IS¼bmb Cw¥ojv sSÌnepw \gvkpamcpsS A`mhw aqew sNdnb CfhpIÄ (IELTS/ OET) \ÂInbncn¡p¶p. UK  ASp¯ GXm\pw hÀj§fn Ahkc§Ä C\nbpw hÀ²n¡pw.

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Article

Dr. K. Gayathri Consultant in Paediatrics

“PROTECT BREASTFEEDING: A SHARED RESPONSIBILITY’’ (THEME : WORLD BREASTFEEDING WEEK 2021)

The first few days of a newborn's life are not only critical for the child, but also an important window for providing mothers with the support they need to breastfeed successfully. UNICEF and WHO launched the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) to encourage health facilities worldwide to better support breastfeeding. The Innocenti declaration on promotion, protection and support of breastfeeding was produced and adapted by participants of the WHO/UNICEF policy makers meeting on breast feeding in 1990. The BFHI initiative was launched in India in the year 1992. BMH was the first hospital to be given the accreditation of BFHI in the private sector of North Kerala in 1993. Kerala was declared the first baby-friendly state in the world in 2002.

The Mother and Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (MBFHI) has been launched this year by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), National Neonatology Forum (NNF), Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societiesof India (FOGSI), along with other NGOs with the full support of the Government of Kerala. And it is hoped that most of the hospitals in Kerala will be certified as Mother and Baby Friendly by the end of the year.

We celebrate World Breastfeeding Week from 1st – 7th August every year; which is coordinated by the World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action (WABA). WABA was formed in 1991, which is a global network of individuals & organisations dedicated to the protection, promotion & support of breastfeeding worldwide.

Suboptimal breastfeeding practices are a public health issue, requiring effort & investment at the societal level.

The MBFHI developed the following ten steps to successful breastfeeding to promote optimal clinical care for new mothers and their infants. There is substantial evidence that implementing the ten steps significantly improves breastfeeding rates.

Ten steps to successful breastfeeding Critical management procedures: 1a. Comply fully with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and relevant World Health Assembly resolutions.

1b. Have a written infant feeding policy that is routinely communicated to staff and parents.

1c. Establish ongoing monitoring and data-management systems.

2. Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, competence and skills to support breastfeeding.

Key clinical practices: 3. Discuss the importance and management of breastfeeding with pregnant women and their families.

4. Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact and support mothers to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth.

5. Support mothers to initiate and maintain breastfeeding and manage common difficulties.

6. Do not provide breastfed newborns any food or fluids other than breast milk, unless medically indicated.

7. Enable mothers and their infants to remain together and to practice rooming-in 24 hours a day.

8. Support mothers to recognise and respond to their infants' cues for feeding.

9. Counsel mothers on the uses and risks of feeding bottles, teats and pacifiers.

10. Coordinate discharge so that parents and their infants have timely access to ongoing support and care.

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The Zamorin RajasRulers of Calicut Dr. R. Krishnan Sr. Consultant, General Medicine

India was never a land unknown to Europe. The Venetians and the Moors had brought regularly to the West from the Orient a rich collection of spices, fabulous jewels, the finest silk and muslin. Children grew up listening wide-eyed to stories of vast far-away lands and the mind-boggling wealth of powerful monarchs of the East. It was every boy's dream to sail out into uncharted waters and return home a hero full of swashbuckling stories. Portugal and Spain were among the earliest monarchies to recognize the need to seek and find fresh colonies to enrich their treasuries. Young seafaring adventurers were encouraged to explore the shortest and fastest routes to new, bewitching, exotic lands far away, beyond the seas, triggering a rat race which was to last centuries.

Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese mariner and explorer was the first seaman to round the Cape of Good Hope in 1488. Vasco da Gama, following this trail charted out by his countryman, set sail from Lisbon, Portugal on 8th July, 1497 and landed at Kappad (Kappakadavu) on Sunday, May 20th, 1498. He had help in navigation from an accomplished Arab sailor chosen for him by the Sultan of Melinda of East Africa (now south-eastern Kenya) and competent Indian pilots, all of whom knew well the sea-routes to India, as had several generations of Arabs1 before them.

The Zamorin Raja of Calicut was at the height of his glory then. We have no known documents in our archives of this historic encounter. But according to Portuguese chroniclers, Gama and his sailors were taken in a grand procession to a magnificent palace with imposing walls, through several courts and gardens, ushered into the august presence through a carpeted assembly hall over a kilometre long. Nobles were seated on either sides, watching his entry. There were Portuguese pictures and engravings of the ruler lying on an ornate couch, bedecked in gold, fingers be-jewelled receiving Gama, overwhelmed by the wealth of gold, silver and gems, overawed by the surroundings. There is mention that the visitors were very impressed by the disciplined behaviour of the men attending on the Zamorin. The portraits and accounts show that the King was welcoming and courteous; he was gracious to offer the guests all assistance 2.

What happened to this Zamorin later on? No one close to me seemed to know. In school we were not taught our own history! Sadly, there is no pomp of royalty or any trace of this grand palace in the Calicut of today. Some research seemed indicated…. *

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Cheraman Perumal, erstwhile ruler of Kerala, abdicated in 12th century CE. Before he left the shores, he divided the land among the rulers of various 'Swaroopams', the dynasties which later controlled Tiruruvithamkoor (South up to Cape Comorin), Perumapadappu (Kochi) and Kolathunadu (Calicut to Payyannur).The only authentic text of this 'partition deed', the 'Keralolpathi', mentions that he had forgotten to include in the list of his successors, the two Eradi brothers Manichan and Vikraman, whose domain centred around Nediyiruppu (near present-day Kondotty). As compensation, he gifted them the area around their village, land up to Kallikutt (Calicut), his sword, conch and an edict permitting them to conquer and hold by force whatever they could. Circa 1100 CE, the ruler of Nediyiruppu Swaroopam, Swami Tirumulpad (abbreviated to 'Samoodiri' or 'Samudiripad', anglicized later to 'Zamorin'), along with his Nair troops attacked the area up to the Kallayi river, acquired palaces en route, gradually expanding his suzerainty up to the Arabian Sea to Kappad and even farther north.

By the 13th century, the Zamorin had control of land as far south as Ponnani, which became his capital for a while. This gave him access to the trade route via the Palakkad gap and the rich agricultural lands beside the Nila River (Bharathapuzha). He displaced the Valluvanad chiefs, assumed control of Tirunnavaya and thereby the right to celebrate 'Mamankam' every 12 years, a display of his pomp, pageantry and power. The Valluvanad chieftains resented this. They made it a point of honour to send their warriors to overcome the Nair pada in an attempt to assassinate the Zamorin in the middle of each 'Mamankam' and regain control of the prestigious festival. Many poems and ballads were composed to glorify or denigrate the rival armies. At the height of his power, the Samoodiri's domain extended from Kochi through Trissoor north up to Koyilandy.

We know that Arabs, Chinese and the earliest Christians (including St. Thomas) had used the ancient port of Cranganoor (Kodungalloor) for trade and commerce with the Malabar Coast. There are rich references to this port in western and eastern texts, from the days of Ptolemy. We know it was located in the delta of the Periyar river where it opened into the Arabian Sea. In appearance, it resembled a 'hare-lip' ('Muchiri' in Malayalam), so the port was called 'Muziris' by the Europeans, Arabs and Chinese. As the Periyar silted up, the port gradually fell into disuse, reducing its importance. The natural ports of Kadalundy, Calicut and Koyilandi gained in importance and became centres of maritime trade as Cranganoor declined. In the meantime, the local sovereign, the Zamorin, built up a reputation of being friendly, honest in dealings and warm to traders from lands as far away as Rome and Greece in the West to China in the East. Several travelers referred to the new ports as being more convenient logistically and also remarked on the competition between the Arabs and the Chinese vying for the sovereign's favours.

It was at this time that Vasco da Gama, the Portuguese explorer, with an official writ from his sovereign, sailed around Africa's Cape of Good Hope and landed at Kappad. He had come as a supplicant, been dazzled by the opulence of the Samoodiri's court. He sought nothing more than favourable terms for his country as partners in commerce, though he had only trinkets to offer as gifts. The Zamorin was not at all impressed, but gave the guests landing rights, even ear-marked a portion of Calicut beach for them to establish a 'factory'. Within a few years, more Portuguese arrived. They tried high handed tactics to twist the arms of the Zamorin - requests rapidly transformed to demands, obsequiousness to arrogance. Relations with the Samoodiri soured. Their insistence on “Most Favoured” status was resented, especially because they wanted the Arabs, old-time loyal friends to be banished from Calicut forthwith. In pique, the Portuguese bombarded the city using cannon from their ships offshore, causing vast destruction, alienating the population further. The tide turned against the newcomers fully, they became increasingly unpopular. The Portuguese were forced to withdraw from Calicut.

By then, they had made friends with Kochi, traditional enemies of the Zamorin, and shifted base there. But when the Dutch, the newer entrants, mounted pressure, they had to leave, moving eventually to Goa, a colony they retained till 1961.

The Zamorin, in turn, was relentlessly engaged in wars, mostly successful, with the Raja of Kochi and various neighbouring principalities, thanks to an efficient army and a strong naval fleet and presence, which he built up with Arab and Turk support, to protect his shores.

In 1756-'57, the then Zamorin attempted to conquer Palakkad, but found he had a more powerful adversary in Hyder Ali, the commander of the Mysore army, whose assistance the Palakkad Raja had sought. In 1732, 1735, 1745, 1756 and 1757, the Mysorean forces under Hyder Ali and Tipu, who utilized the potential of gun powder,

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defeated the Zamorin again and again, forcing him to sue for peace and seek time to pay the huge sum demanded as compensation. Instead of paying off Mysore or negotiating with them, the Zamorin continued to fight his neighbours- Kochi and Travancore. When his forces were vanquished again by the Mysorean forces, the Zamorin barricaded himself in Calicut. He feared he would be taken prisoner, paraded in chains in the streets of his own capital, converted to Islam, even executed in public. Rather than face ignominy, he sent away his family to Ponnani and some others to Travancore, instructed his Eralpad (the next in line to the throne) to take charge, went into his arsenal and set it alight by his own hand, destroying everything including his magnificent palace. This was on 14th Medam, 941, M.E, the 27th April, 1766 CE .3, 8, 9, 10, 11 Hyder Ali and later Tippu took over Malabar. The Mysore forces camped in 'Palayam', the cantonment area that surrounded the erstwhile palace. There were regular skirmishes for quite some time thereafter, when the Nair pada and members of the Zamorin's family organized guerilla warfare against Hyder Ali (who died in 1782) and his son Tippu4. Malabar became ungovernable in those days. At the Battle of Seringapatnam in 1799, the British defeated and killed Tippu and took over the administration of Malabar, which eventually became a part of Madras Presidency. The reign of the Zamorin was never reinstated. They never again had political power and served only as revenue collectors for the East India Company 5. In 1800 or so, the Zamorin family was called back by the British, given an allowance, the 'Malikhana', and permitted to live in Calicut in new residences constructed for them 6. So when Independence came in August 1947, the Zamorin had no principality to cede to independent India and therefore had no compensation to claim.

The Zamorin family is matrilineal, like Kochi and Travancore, in the tradition of the Nairs. Inheritance is from uncle to nephew, the eldest male member of the extended family being in line for the throne. They were always great patrons of Literature and Music, a tradition they still follow. Palayam in Calicut was the place where the Zamorin's (and Tippu's) troops were housed: all that remains there now is the bus station and several shops.

Manavedan Raja, one of the Zamorins, built a large tank Manavedan chira (now 'Mananchira') adjacent to the palace (of which no remnants exist) for use by members of the royal family. The Women and Children's Hospital at Calicut is still called 'Kottapparamba' hospital, the 'compound of the fort', formerly the central unit of the grand official residence of the Zamorin, till it was blown up in 1766 7. The entire palace which stretched from Mananchira to Chalapuram was completely consumed in the conflagration. There are no traces of the old palace now because offices, buildings and roads were built over and over. Artefacts if any, are buried several layers underground and must wait for future historians to seek them out.

References: 1. M.G. S Narayanan, “Calicut: City of Truth Revisited”, 2006, p 193, quoting K.M. Panikkar, History of Kerala, p 32-33 2. Ibid, p 198 3. Ibid, p 262 4. Ibid, p 263 5. Ibid, p. 266 6. Ibid, p. 267 7. Ibid p 268 8. A. Sreedhara Menon, “A Survey of Kerala History”, June 2012 ed, Chapter XXI, p.243, 244 9. K.V. Krishna Ayyar, “The Zamorins of Calicut”, Dec 1999 ed, p. 226 10. George Woodcock, “Kerala, A portrait of the Malabar Coast”, 1967, p.176 11. Raj Mohan Gandhi, “Modern South India", 2018, p.79

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