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WATER PROVIDING GROUND LIQUID URBANISM

7004/3 URBAN DESIGN REPORT

JENNY DIEZ-JONES ADAM DWYER HARRY FOSTER

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION TO HAMBURG

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2. FLOODING ANALYSIS

2.0 THE ESTUARY OF THE ELBE

2.1 THE FLOODING OF HAMBURG

2.2 DREDGING OF THE ELBE

2.3 DEFENCE OF HAMBURG, soft engineering

2.4 HISTORY OF HAMBURG’S FLOODING

2.5 DEVELOPMENT & PROJECTION OF RISING SEA LEVELS

3. DEVELOPMENT OF SCHEME

3.0 PRECEDENTS - The concept of Liquid Urbanism

3.1

3.2 URBAN FABRIC, VEDDEL

3.3 THE APPROACH

CURRENT VEDDEL - Flooding defences

4. URBAN STRATEGY

4.0 WATER PROVIDING GROUND

4.1 THE RESPONSE

4.2 THE 3 LAYERS

4.3 DECOMPOSITION OF THE URBAN FABRIC

4.4 THE VISION - A NEW VEDDEL

5. A CLOSER STUDY

5.0 KNOWLEDGE QUARTER

6. THE FUTURE

6.0 PHASING, EXPANSION & REPLICATION

7. APPENDIX

HAMBURG 1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 THE ESTUARY OF HAMBURG GLOBAL RELATIONSHIP

THE GROWTH AND PROSPERITY OF THE CITY OF HAMBURG A vital component to combating urban city problems can be through architecture. Architecture determines the shape, function and aesthetic quality of the buildings that make up our collective urban experience.

Our urban strategy aims to integrate together the natural with the manmade architecture, to establish a balance between people and their environment.

We inspire solution for a stimulus thoughtful architectural

to provide a sustainable flood action and provide to the senses through choice of material, form and landscaping.

The aim to provide architecture that manages population growth and suppresses the world problems that impact our major cities such as the city of Hamburg. We aim to formulate a ‘livable’ area for the city neighbourhood of Veddel.

THE CLIMATE & HAMBURG Human alterations to the present climate are occurring at a greater speed to the natural climate changes of the past millions of years. Scientists forecast the modification to our atmosphere we have caused, will become the fastest climate change period in human existence.

Hamburg strives to achieve a climatefriendly development system. The city has focused on regional legislation on climate change, building renovation and energy-efficient for new buildings, sustainable economic development and employment creation, within its fixed five year plan.

The city aspires to be the pioneer to climate protection ahead of the cities of similar qualities such as Barcelona, Copenhagen and Stockholm. Hamburg’s goal is to become the international front runner in this field.

An estuary is defined as a semi-closed coastal body of water with freshwater flowing into it and a connection to the sea.

PRESENT CITIES At present more people in the world are living in cities than in the countryside. It is predicted that the global population will rise to over eight billion by the year 2030. This exponential growth will exclusively affect cities, therefore the need for sustainable economic, social and demographic design is a must.

To place the issues of Hamburg and flooding into context, the Elbe is regarded as one of the four largest estuaries in the world which causes significant flooding issues.

THE 7 DISTRICTS

MESO MAP

The efforts must be concentrated in cities in an attempt to reduce greenhouse gases and switch to renewable energy to limit the side affects of global warming and in particular for Hamburg the affects of rising sea levels.

Essential precautions are needed to counter the climate change consequences, which can no longer conceivably be avoided.

In opposition to the flooding of the three other rivers - which are caused by mass summer snow melts in the Himalayan, Rocky and Ethiopian mountain ranges the flooding of the Elbe is caused by mass tidal surges of the North Sea in times of significantly low pressure systems and high winds, sending a surge of water up the Elbe and flooding up to a third of Hamburg.

HAMBURG

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CITIES, WITH A MERE 3-4 PERCENT SHARE OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE AREA, USE A MINIMAL 80 % OF GLOBAL RESOURCES.

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VEDDEL LOCATION The sites relationship to city zones The site embraces the city areas of opportunity and encompasses them within the city centre framework.

The site area OF Veddel sits centrally to the East to the other 7 districts of the city.

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NEW ORLEANS KAIRO

HAMBURG IS AMONG ONE OF THE LARGEST ESTUARIES IN THE WORLD

GANGES

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2.1 T HE FLOODING OF HAMBURG

2.3 T HE DEFENSE OF HAMBURG MARSHLANDS

THE SUBMERGING OF VEDDEL

Soft engineering approaches are being utilised along the River Elbe to attribute to the existing flooding defences. Larger areas of marshlands are being integrated as a more resilient approach in rural areas and a more innovative and environmental sustainable solution to hard engineering, whilst also proving to be a more economic solution to installing additional hard engineering defences.

Map hihglights the total flooding risk zone of Hamburg, equating to 270 km2/ 36% of the city.

Placing 180,000 inhabitants, 165,000 work places and 10 billion euros worth of goods under flood risk every year.

Stor

CA 270 KM²

Kruckau

The greater areas of marshlands being adopted along the river banks act as a natural sponge, absorbing a proportion of the surplus of water that floods over the river banks and across the land beyond, creating a temporary store for the water in times of flooding.

Alster

1/3 OF THE HAMBURG DISTRICT FLOODS

The reeds that fabricate the marshlands are ideally suited to the damp and flooded conditions along the banks whilst also improving biodiversity in areas and providing a natural protection to the agricultural lands beyond.

Pinnau

2.2 THE DREDGING OF THE RIVER ELBE

1 - 814.800m ² = 24.994 Containers

HAMBURG

RISING WATER LEVELS 3 - 456.400m ² = 14 Containers

Distribution of excavators amounts on the elbe island 2007. overall around 6 million cubic metres of silt where dredged in Hamburg. Approximately the holding of silt quantity 3,142,800 cubic metres come from the Willhelmsburger docks.

2 - 744.800m ² = 22.847 Containers

5 - 367.200m ² = 11.264 Containers

Shcwinge

7 - 54.300m ² = 1.665 Containers

Bille 4 - 412.200m ² = 12.644 Containers

Luhe

6 - 293.100m ² = 8.990 Containers

7M

DIVERSE SPECIES

Oenanthe coniodes

Este Dove Elbe

6M

Elbsperrwerk

5M

Luhe

4M

Seeve

3M 2M

+ 2.09 m MTHw 1M

- 1.53 m MTHw

MARSHLAND DEFENSE - PROTECTION FOR HAMBURG

1990 -2005

THE DREDGING OF HAMBURG

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2.4 T HE HISTORY OF HAMBURG’S FLOODING

2.4 T HE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEFENSES

TIMELINE VEDDEL

Graph 1 displays the historical recordings of flooding occurrences in Hamburg throughout history in accordance with the development of the tidal levees that protect the city.

The general strategy that has been adopted by Hamburg is in the form of a hard engineering approach, following the trend of continually increasing the heights of flooding defences in correlation to the rising flood heights; requiring continuous economic investment for protection.

1200

1600

This method of protection is in the form of an unsustainable defensive strategy which provides protection for a singular area, while forcing the surge to move further downstream, damaging other areas which would otherwise be safe from flooding.

1814

Additionally, the graph is representative of the maximum height of flooding defences in the entirety of Hamburg, these are located in the ‘high value’ areas of the city such as Hafen City. Areas of the city that are considered on lower concern, such as Veddel, have much lower flooding defences and are at risk to flooding during surges.

With estimates of a tidal surge before 2025 of 8.5m, the maximum tidal defences currently installed in Hamburg will be pushed to their limit, with low value areas of the city being subjected to the highest flood ever recorded.

RIVER ELBE - HISTORY OF FLOODING & DEVELOPMENT OF DEFENSES 2.5 HISTORY & PROJECTION OF RISING SEA LEVELS

2015 & THE FUTURE The historical maps display the development of the flooding zone along the banks of the River Elbe from the beginning of the 13th century. The Yellow areas on the maps are representative of the land not effected by flooding, where as the Grey zones display the area of land that is subdued to flooding during tidal surges, displaying the dramatic development of flooding within the last millennium.

1905

2008

A major contributing factor to this development is the gradual consistent rising of sea levels, which from the beginning of the 18th century have been recorded at a rate of 20-25cm per century along the north sea coastline of Germany.

Subsequently a mean water rise of up to

50cm has occurred in the last two centuries which has attributed to the enlargement of the flooding zone of Hamburg; now contributing to a third of the city.

FUTURE With sea levels continuing to rise at unprecedented rates, how will Hamburg be effected by ongoing and increasingly higher flood levels? Considering the vast increase of the flooding zone between 1814 and 2008 with a 50cm rise in water levels, a significant forecasted rise of up to 60cm by 2100 may be detrimental to Hamburg and it’s functionality as a city.

Graph 2 is an analysis of the current tidal range in accordance with the heights of the four most significant floods in recent history, displaying the dramatic rise of water levels during times of tidal surges in comparison to daily tidal activity.

With rising sea levels being a major concern of Hamburg’s future, graph 3 highlights the projected acceleration of rising levels. As quoted by the German Journal of Coastal Research, sea levels will begin to rise at a much faster rate than the previous figure of 25cm per century , with lower figures suggesting that there may be a 49cm rise by 2100, whilst others predict a rise of 60cm will occur along the coast of Germany when the thermal expansion of the North & Baltic Seas are taken into account. This bodes the question of how will Hamburg continue to defend itself from flooding?

TIDAL RANGE & THE HISTORY - RISING SEA LEVELS 04

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3.0 T HE CONCEPT OF LIQUID URBANISM

3.1 C URRENT VEDDEL

PRECEDENTS

FLOODING DEFENCES

THE 3 SPIRES

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EN EJECUCION, CHILE

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LONDON ROYAL DOCK

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IJBURG DISTRICT OF AMSTERDAM

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LES BERGES, PARIS

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QUINTA MONROY, CHILE

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LIQUID CITY, SAN FRANCISCO BAY

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LAKE HURON, GREAT LAKES

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FLOATING HOUSES, HAMBURG

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AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING, THAMESHEAD

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TIN LOA AF

IBA DOCK, HAMBURG

EXISTING DEFENSI

LEV EE WA LLS

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T I N G V ED D EL

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3.2 URBAN FABRIC, VEDDEL

MASTERPLAN OBJECTIVES

CIVIC BLOCKS Typical municipal blocks disjointed environment.

create

a

Six general objectives which aim to connect the informal area of Veddel with the formal.

Historical building formatted in Veddel creates a negative central space, with no social or external function. These spaces create a lack of cohesion in the public environments, producing a mundane derivative.

WIDER RESIDENTIAL LANDUSE

RESIDENTIAL LANDUSE

WIDER INDUSTRIAL LANDUSE

LIVEABLE

SMART VEDDEL

KNOWLEDGEABLE VEDDEL

Provide a higher quality of living, creating places for people that offer a diverse mix of activities and spaces within an accessible, safe and attractive environment.

Responds to the challenge of climate change through sustainable community growth, sensible flood prevention overall, pioneering the low carbon goal.

Utilises and supports the 60 variations in languages inhabited in Veddel through the provision of a World Library, Cultural ‘Mixer’ Square, Language Cafés and connection through music, sport and food.

CREATIVE SCHEME

AUTHENTIC CITY

CONNECTED CITY

Scheme values and supports creativity and industry in all its forms through the provision of facilities and cultural interaction.

Aims to offer a unique and diverse cultural community experience through thoughtful and strategic architecture, art and culture squares, city transport connections, industry and neighbourhoods.

Safe and convenient for pedestrians, cyclists and water-travellers by allowing freedom of movement around an effective and efficient linear transport system. Incorporating new intersection routes and cultural connection bridge that removes the civic block confinement and the informal boundary of the River Elbe.

VEDDEL ENHANCEMENTS

INDUSTRIAL LANDUSE

PHASE 1

Currently, the central bulk of Veddel is made up of residential blocks, with industrial areas surrounding it. The two different land uses are clearly divided, predominantely by the main roads and rail line that run through the East and West sides.

Amphibious Housing Development: (New Social Housing) Floating Village, Liquid Urbanism:

8200m2 880m2

Knowledge Quarter: 2300m2 (Consisting of World Library & Language Cafe)

As part of our urban strategy, we propose minimal demolition as showed on the demolition plan, due to our sensitive strategy with respect to the existing urban fabric.

2900m2

Sports Facilities: (Addition to existing facilities)

3850m2

Theatre Garden:

390m2

Canals Network: (Flooding defense strategy)

PRIMARY CIRCULATION ROUTES

DEMOLITION PLAN

Culture Market:

Social Pontoon:

SECONDARY CIRCULATION ROUTES

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77,232m

2

408m2

Marshland Parks:

38,808m2

Additional Woodland & Parks: (Addition planting to existing green belt)

27,579m2

PHASE 2 Reconnecting the city through Veddel, expanding the matrix throughout Veddel and intorducing a culture and social hub at Promenade 60.

Promenade 60 Cultural Modules:

2016m2

(60 x 33.6m2) Providing each culture with a uniform block to work from, allowing each of the 60 cultures to develope their own identity along the promenade, encouraging social interaction and cultural diversity in the area.

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3.3 THE APPROACH FORMING CONNECTIONS

3.3 THE APPROACH CURRENT VEDDEL

FORMING CONNECTIONS

The conceptual connectivity diagrams begin to articulate the spatial correlation between the cultural spaces and the existing urban areas. The diagrams begin to form the key spaces and routes which may correlate to forming the connected within the urban strategy.

AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING

INNOVATIVE URBAN DESIGN IDEAS Activation of new circulative routes transforms the stiff, platenbau profile and intensifies the spatial relationship between Veddel’s residential buildings, the streets and the internal courtyard piazzas.

NODES

The accumulation of the cultural pockets within our urban strategy provide informative way-points for navigation and free-movement via walk-ability and water travel around the Veddel area.

Through the production of the matrix the form of nodes became apparent for the areas of main routes and connection within our early urban strategy proposals.

The idea of ‘strong nodes’ created the initial area positioning of the cultural pocket zones through the relationship of the matrix infrastructure routes. The node points created a useful tool for an initial organizing concept for way-finding.

DERVING THE MATRIX DERVING THE MATRIX

CONNECTING SPACES

ESTABLISHING ROUTES

INNOVATIVE URBAN DESIGN IDEAS

“A LINEAR NARRATIVE”

Activation of new circulative routes transform the stiff, platenbau profile and intensifies the spatial relationship between Veddel’s residential buildings, the streets and the internal courtyard piazzas.

Dissecting the current residual blocks provides a connected community removing the constraints previously formed. Allows freedom of people travel through a “linear narrative”.

ESTABLISHING ROUTES

PROMENADE 60

ARCHITECTURE & SPACE The spatial composition of the amphibious housing scheme illustrates the idea of the closed architectural body which isolates space within itself, and the open body which embraces an area of space that is connected with the endless continuum.

Progressing from one stage to another in a single series of steps; sequential.

The accumulation of the cultural pockets within our urban strategy provide informative way-points for navigation and free-movement via walk-ability and water travel around the Veddel area.

CONNECTING SPACES

“GEOMETRY IS ABOUT THE LAWS OF LINES, PLANE SURFACES, AND THREEDIMENSIONAL BODIES IN SPACE.” DERVING THE MATRIX

DISSECTING THE MASS.

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CONNECTING SPACES

ESTABLISHING ROUTES

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URBAN STRATEGY

FLOOD AREA

4.0 URBAN STRATEGY

4.1 T HE RESPONSE

INFRASTRUCTURE WALLS

LEVEE WALLS RESTRICTORS WATER ENTRY

WATER PROVIDING GROUND

THE 3 LAYERS THE CANALS

S1

The canal system has been dervied from the matrix in a repsonse to the flooding problems that exist within Veddel. Utilising the existing flooding protections we propose to install two water flow restrictors in the defence bank, on the north of the site, which will control the water flow in and out of the canals.

EXISTING FLOOD DEFENSES

Total Length of Canal System: 12km

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Total Surface Area of Canals System: 77,232 m2 13

Volume Capacity of Canals:

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MASTER MATRIX

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@ 1m Capacity:

77,232 m3

@ 2m Capacity:

154,464 m3

@ 3m Capacity:

231,696 m3

@ 4m Capacity (full capacity to

overflow level): 308,928 m3

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VISTAS

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1 LINEAR VIEW - ELB CONNECTION 23URBAN SKY PARK

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3 THEATRE GARDEN 4 KNOWLEDGE QUARTER 5 SCHOOL DROP-OFF

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6 MARKET SQUARE

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7 4 SPIRES 8 OLYMPIC PARK VIEWS 9 THE CITY

VISTAS & VIEWS

P1

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P2 9

P3

MATRIX DERIVED FROM CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT

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FUNCTIONALITY OF A CANAL MATRIX

CPD

BILLE

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4.2 T HE 3 LAYERS OF THE URBAN STRATEGY

The decomposition of the urban fabric is a principle of importance in the design of the proposal, breaking down the urban fabric as the schem progresses through the three zones; land, amphibous and liquid zones.

VEDDEL

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THEATRE GARDEN 6

WILHELMSBURG

KNOWLEDGE QUARTER: LANGUAGE & CULTURE CENTRE & SOCIAL HUB

CONNECTING THE 3 DISTRICTS

MARKET OF 60 CULTURES

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AMPHIBIOUS SOCIAL HOUSING MARSH & REEDS GARDEN 4

PROTECTIVE LEVEE, WITH RESTRICTORS TO CONTROL WATER FLOW LIQUID URBANISATION: FLOATING VILLAGE P1

P2

P3

SHIPPING CHANNEL`

LAND ZONE 3

PHASES STRATEGY

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INBETWEEN/AMPHIBUOS ZONE

WATER ZONE

KEY 1

SCALE 1:1500 0

100

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HOUSE OF PROJECTS

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MARKET SQUARE

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IBA

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AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING

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TRANSPORT DROP-OFF

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PROTECTED GREEN BELT

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URBAN SKY PARK

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SUNSET PONTOON

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THEATRE GARDEN VEDDEL CHURCH

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LIQUID URBANISM

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SPORTS CONNECTION

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CULTURAL STREET MODULES

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PROMENADE 60

1. LAND ZONE

2. AMPHIBIOUS ZONE

3. LIQUID URBANISM: water zone

The existing built environment in the land zone currently works well as an urban residential zone, so we plan to keep it in place with minor ammendments to make it flourish further. Some buildings are of a listed status, so in an attempt to work sensitively with the existing architecture, we plan to rennovate the ground floors, of which the buildings have been most affected by previous floods, whilst keeping them at a low value.

The amphibious zone is designed to thrive in both water and land, sitting on a raised bed, with the ground floor of each building being a low value open plane.

This creates effortless mobility throughout the floor level and will, in turn, have less of an impact on the condition of the housing when flooding occurs. We have also taken into account that future flood levels will rise, so raised walkways have been proposed to create an alternative way of moving through the residential zones, without the flooding having a major impact on the residents’ daily routine.

This layer of liquid urbanization stems off from the pontoon, that also acts as a protective levee. the platforms for the houses of the floating village are positioned at a particular angle so that the flow of water has less of an impact on them. It is here that the proposal becomes more fragmented, and can fully accommodate the rising water levels. These platforms can be added to and extended to create a denser floating environment that reaches further towards the city of Hamburg.

THE 3 LAYERS - SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

CONNECTING THE 3 DISTRICTS

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4.3 D ECOMPOSITION OF THE URBAN FABRIC

4.3 SECTION

AXONOMETRIC

THE MASS

VEDDEL URBAN FABRIC The choice of materials will compliment the existing urban fabric of Veddel within the new proposals. The application of a subtle collection of materials will mix together to form a soft and tactile architectural environment.

The materials will promote sustainability through the local sourcing and reflectance of the current area. The transparent change from the existing blocks to the meander towards the River Elbe’s waters edge will be apparent visually

through the materials physically state.

URBAN CONTINUITY The new configurations of the buildings within the amphibous and liquid

urbanism areas incorporate a distinctive typology. The mass of the new will decrease from the mass of the old, fizzling down as the forms appraoch the bay of the River Elbe.

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4.4 T HE VISION

4.4 T HE VISION

A NEW VEDDEL ERA

A NEW VEDDEL ERA

VEDDEL SCHOOL - CONNECTING VEDDEL THROUGH SPORT & TEACHING

AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING

PROMENADE 60 - CULTURAL CITY CONNECTION

THE MARSHLANDS - WILDLIFE & PROTECTION

MARKET SQUARE - CONNECTING VEDDEL CUISINE

THEATRE GARDEN - CONNECTING VEDDEL THROUGH SOUND

LIQUID URBANISM - SUNSET PONTOON

FLOOD ACCEPTANCE - RESTORING THE PAST

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5.0 THE KNOWLEDGE QUARTER

6.0 PHASING & REPLICATION

EDUCATION AL CONNECTION

THE GROWTH

EXPANDING THE MATRIX

KNOWLEDGE QUARTER - CONNECTING VEDDEL THROUGH LEARNING

PHASE 2 The Water Providing Ground urban design strategy is split into three phases that progress over time to continue the development of Veddel while reinventing the district as an established, desirable area of the city.

MASSING STUDIES

PHASE 1 The initial phase is to redevelop the DERIVING THROUGH THE SQUARE - CHURCH RELATIONSHIP & CONNECTIONS

residential strip of Veddel to create a more livable area for the existing residents, responding to the flooding issues in a more resilient and sustainable approach, whilst also responding to the residential and overpopulation issues of the area, creating cultural pockets within the residential zone that encourage cultural diversity and integration within Veddel to promote a more socially sustainable area.

Phase two of the project involves reconnecting the city together through Veddel by introducing a new pedestrian route, bridging the gap that lies between the northern and southern districts of Hamburg. Also resolving the issue that “Hamburg jumps over the Elbe, and straight over Veddel.”

The phase involves reconnecting

PROGRESSION & REPLICATION OF LIQUID URBANIZATION

.The notion of wandering from the linear matrix transport routes and accessing the cultural plaza square in the centre of Veddel was key for the location of the facility.

Wilhemsburg with the city centre and OF of LIQUID URBANISATION thePROGRESSION integration Promenade 60 within Veddel, creating a recreational area within Veddel, giving residents and neighbours of the area an area to enjoy their free time and encouraging cultural & social integration.

Phase three of the project is the future expansion of the matrix into the industrial zone of Veddel and beyond, into the neighbouring districts. Establishing a web of connections and urban developments throughout the different regions of the city, with Veddel at the epicenter of the scheme. Re-establishing Veddel as a prominent and vital core within the city of Hamburg.

In regards to the 2024 Olympic bid on the neighbouring site, we propose that our urban scheme could either merge with the development by extending the matrix into the area, increasing the connectivity of the two schemes, or that with the failure of the bid, the template established in Veddel could be extended into the industrial zone for further development.

VEDDEL CHURCH CORRELATION - SOUTH EAST ELEVATION

KNOWLEDGE QUARTER The knowledge quarter is the idea of amalgamating the 60 differnet cultures and communities of Veddel.

By combining languages, culture and literature to the area

PHASE 3

PROGRESSION OF AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING PROGRESSION OF AMPHIBUOUS HOUSING

PROGRESSION OF LIQUID URBANISATION within the facility. The cantilevering World teaching, an individual language cafe Library, directed towards the church and pavilion that occupy the square spire, recognises the history of the past stimulating social interaction. and the power the church serves.

The area is seen as a catalyst for the The mass of the knowledge centre is growth of the cultural diversity and serves divided by angular circulation routes, as a primary connection within our urban with pedestrian movement and canal strategy. routes influenced by the views of the church and its form.

The knowledge quarter consists of a The connection with the Church of Veddel World Library which the 60 cultures can be intergrated within the resourcing and formulated the mass, views and divides

2016

2025

2050

2016

2025

2050

THE KNOWLEDGE SQUARE - AXONOMETRIC

PROGRESSION OF AMPHIBUOUS HOUSING 18

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

WATER PROVIDING GROUND LIQUID URBANISM

7.0 APPENDIX

1.0 THE DESIGN STRATEGY 2.0 SUSTAINABILITY 3.0

POLICY CONTEXT

4.0

COST PLAN

5.0

BIBLIOGRAPHY

6.0

COST CALCULATION

CONCEPTUAL DRAWING - THE VISION

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1.0 DESIGN INTENT

1.0 DESIGN INTENT

ARTICULATING A NEW VEDDEL

ARTICULATING A NEW VEDDEL

THE HISTORY

FLOOD MANAGEMENT

Over a period of 500 years, the Elbe islands of Veddel, Wilhelmsburg, Kleiner Grassbrook were wrested from the floodwaters of the river and the sea.

As a city foot-printed near the coast Hamburg’s flood management system is critical for the performance of the city.

A unique cultural landscape now purports to be Europe’s largest river island with its special topography, uses of land and direct social structure.

The pressures of the water both in front and behind the twenty-seven-kilometre long ring dyke that currently protects the Elbe islands are intensifying due to rising sea levels and global environmental pressures.

The informal area of Veddel is currently disconnected from the formal area of Hamburg with the geographical location across the River Elbe being the influential factor.

THE FLOODS In 1962 the Elbe islands experienced the tragic floods which resulted in 200 people losing their lives in the area just south of Veddel.

The approach since then resulted in rising the dyke’s, which in the long run met the constraints of construction engineering, space and cost.

The flood security imposed improved the defense of the Elbe Islands since the disaster, but in the scenario of a storm flood this defensive mechanism is minimal.

The volume of water in a storm flood violates the current defenses dispersing huge volumes of water into the vulnerable flood zones of the residential, industrial and harbour areas of the technical infrastructure.

The procedures in place at present are not economically defensible and are psychologically challenging on current inhabitants and investors. The need for a sustainable solution that provides security is an aspiration we envisage within our urban strategy.

THE BEST FLOOD PROTECTION IS EFFECTIVE CLIMATE PROTECTION.

The current systems in place involve raising the level of the dyke’s and creating overflow zones in which The Elbe River has more diversion space in times of flooding.

The procedures set are a short term management method and are not seen practical for the long term ambition of defending the vulnerable lands of Hamburg.

On a micro scale, Veddel has a very mixed community that consists of more than 60 different nationalities within the 5000 residents that reside here.

The spaces of the in-between will be a continuity of the public realm and supplement the cultural connection journey through Veddel.

Naturally, cultural boundaries have formed within the community with each culture forming there own social circle, creating the a degree of socio-economic division within the area.

NODES

The over population in the area has formulated a lifestyle that is not livable with overcrowding of rooms due to the lack of housing in the area.

AMEND THE EXISTING The existing residential blocks are the initial point of investigation. The current derelict and disused areas of the majority of the blocks were first tested to assign whether the structures needed transformation, substitution or removal.

BEACH CONDITION VEDDEL - AREA OF FLOOD BREACHING

In relation to Veddel, each year the entire residential district of the area floods, causing detrimental impacts on the residents that reside here. The majority of the existing ground floor spaces are derelict and unused, providing a daily memory of the past flood exposure.

The research of the flooding analysis provided evidence for the current state of the ground floor levels apparent as a result to the yearly floods the site consists of annually.

The careful consideration for the listed residential blocks was important when altering the current mass typologies. The formulation of new routes in accordance with the matrix allowed some of the ground floor areas to be remodeled in an positive manner.

The beach condition on the fringe of the River Elbe bank is the current area of flood entry and at present the area has the minimal protection of a small bank.

The industrial area surrounding the residential area is protected to a higher level of flooding due to the installation of levees and water restrictors. The current residential zone is bordered by the infrastructure routes on either side, which provide a natural channel for water during the floods, forcing the water to remain in the residential zones.

observing.

On a macro scale, the residents of Veddel have a feeling of dis-connectivity from the city and are seen as a mere gateway to the city, as apposed to an integral member that a neighborhood of a city should be.

With climate change leading to more frequent heavier rainfall in Hamburg, the pressure of surface run off is putting great strain on the current canal infrastructure.

An approach we intend to implement within our urban strategy is to minimize the volumes of directed water that returns into these canal infrastructures and instead allow as much rainwater to seep through on the site through the use of marshland.

CULTURAL & CITY PROBLEMS

The placement of the knowledge quarter was a strategic foci from the production of the matrix in which the intent is for an observer to enter, typically from the junctions of paths and appreciate the correlation with the characteristics of the Church of Veddel.

The matrix formed the extended linear geometry and the pathed the movement through the three districts.

INTENT Our urban strategy celebrates the opportunity of forming an imageable landscape that is visible, coherent and clear. The proposition reshapes the landscape and expresses the infrastructure physically into forms which entrance the eye and organizes a passer into the areas of social interaction.

The scheme divides the traditional methods of flood management and instead accepts the waters presence in an attempt to work with the water instead of against it.

The proposal aspires to be expressive, with a new idea of circulation in an area that becomes walkable and connected with the water through water travel.

The minimal demolition within our urban strategy is key for the sensitive architecture we aspire to create within the area of Veddel.

RAISED INFRASTRUCTURE VEDDEL - POWER OF THE ELBE

The additional ground floor space of the existing blocks aims to incorporate retail, commercial and functional spaces providing social mediators that aim to connect people through learning and

22

LIQUID URBANISM - A RELATIONSHIP WITH THE WATER

23

1.0 DESIGN INTENT

1.0 DESIGN INTENT

ARTICULATING A NEW VEDDEL

ARTICULATING A NEW VEDDEL

This urban strategy we impose for the Veddel region is split into 3 main layers; Current Veddel, Amphibious Housing and Liquid Urbanism.

The connection with Chillehaus in Hamburg was a conceptual idea for creating an equal environment. The ‘x’ form provides equal movement on approach to the River Elbe’s journey through this layer.

PHASE 3

The incorporation of marshland is a further defensive mechanism in resisting the storm floods.

The continuity of the matrix will be a clear design method in developing the existing industrial area into further residential housing in relation to the areas demand need and growth.

PHASE 1

LIQUID URBANISM

EVOLUTIONARY EXPANSION

CURRENT VEDDEL

As a city on the water edge we proposed the idea of a floating district within our urban strategy.

The process of growth is a philosophy that will incur over the forthcoming period for Veddel, on an internal and external city level.

The first phase of the design is to aspire to making the Veddel region ‘livable’ and provides an innovative solution for restoring the flood crisis occurrence of the past.

This area correlates to the existing built mass that currently resides in Veddel.

The emphasis on the heart of the history is the Church of Veddel which sits as a core grounding for our proposal.

The idea of ‘liquid urbanism’ is a new ideology of working with the water instead of the historical routes of prevention.

The piercing to the existing mass on the ground floor residential blocks creates new passive routes that allow the area to become less civic and create new social connections within the greater surroundings.

This area accessed via a ‘Sunset Pontoon’ provides views to Hamburg City and contains a visual connection with the new ‘3 districts’ connection bridge that intends to remove the current boundary of the River Elbe.

The housing of the knowledge quarter within Veddel Church’s proximity is a clear intention for developing cultural cohesion and learning. The presence and sight lines of Veddel Church provide a quality of power and heritage to this area.

PHASE 2

The two linear routes directed perpendicular to the Church of Veddel frame the destination of the River Elbe and provide a connection through the three layers of the urban proposal.

AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING The emphasis of producing a livable Veddel is portrayed within the Amphibious housing added to the North of the existing residential blocks, providing a new residential area that works with the flooding conditions.

The continuity of the matrix provided the grid for the layout. The mass of the buildings height diminish when approaching the River Elbe, preventing any obstruction for the current Veddel blocks.

PROMENADE 60 Phase 2 of the proposal aims to connect Veddel on a city scale and minimize the current divide.

CONCLUSIONS

Phase 3 will intend to expand on the success of Phase 1 and 2.

Our urban design strategy aims it reduce the impact that flooding has on the area, while also combating the social division and residential deprivation in Veddel, whilst aiming to connect the 60 different cultural that reside in Veddel.

We aim to achieve urban integration through the concept of believing an urban open space is not an isolated unit, but a vital series of parts of the urban landscape with its own specific set of functions. We intend to deliver a system of public space entities that establish a direct relationship between the space and the people who live and work around them.

The idea of replication will occur within the areas of the amphibious housing and the liquid urbanism layers as with global and city population increase these areas will adapt and change in relationship to demand and comfort.

The notion of the 3 major phases will prevail in respect of success with each phase incorporating a connection with the city.

Our aspiration is to combat the pressures currently faced on urban cities through the function of thoughtful and strategic architecture

CHILLEHAUS - A CONCEPTUAL CORRELATION

THE MARKET SQUARE- PROVIDING THE CULTURAL CONNECTION

The strategy for flooding allows the continuity for the water to breach the area, but is managed with a degree of resilience; as apposed to prevention.

A myriad of subtle transformations will allow a controlled colonisation of the amphibious structures. The notion of adding and subtracting will provide sustainable area growth, reducing the appearance of future decline if applicable.

By utilizing a series of canals in the routes of the existing roads and new secondary routes, we aim to manage the current problem of flooding in a sensible and sustainable manner.

The intent of Promenade 60 celebrates the 60 nationalities that reside in present Veddel, and will incorporate 60 individual modules, 1 module for each nationality.

Through controlling the water with the two water flow restrictors installed in the existing bank at the foot of the beach condition, flooding during times of tidal surges will allow these canals to absorb the excess water by a volume of 304,000m2, resulting in minimal flood impact on a ‘new’ Veddel.

The functional modules will highlight the cultural diversification of the area and aim to stimulate cultural economic growth.

THE 3 DISTRICTS The connection bridge across the River Elbe to the north and south of Promenade 60 attempts to fuse the three districts of similar origin. The boundary of the River Elbe is removed by providing this safe and effective travel bridge between the neighborhood communities.

PROMENADE 60 - A CATALYST FOR CONNECTING THE CITY

AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING - JOURNEY THROUGH THE MASS

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25

2.0 SUSTAINABILITY

2.0 SUSTAINABILITY

WATER PROVIDING GROUND

WATER PROVIDING GROUND DESIGNING FLOODING

OVERVIEW Water Providing Ground is a strategy which is designed and responds to the theory that ‘the concept of sustainable development can be interpreted in many different ways, but at its core is an approach to development that looks to balance different, and often competing, needs against an awareness of the environmental, social and economic limitations we face as a society,’ [1] The forefront of the project is targeted towards the environmental sustainability and survivability of the area by tackling the flooding risks that are enforced upon Veddel, adapting to rising sea levels and the impending future of increased flooding, coinciding with Hamburg’s dedication to a ‘comprehensive strategy for adaptation to climate change, in order to be ready for its impact and to minimise risks for the future.’ [2] The inclusion of the environmental aspects of sustainability contained within the strategy are utilised using the initiative that as urban designers we can design to increase the liveability and ultimately the survival of the area by targeting the flooding issues in a sustainable manner with a regards for resilience as opposed to defence.

In dissimilarity to Hamburg’s unsustainable approach to flooding, our proposal to deal with flooding in a resilient method rather than a defensive strategy, it will create a more sustainable solution that will not require continued improvement of flooding defences and further more will not have further negative effects on areas further down the river Elbe, attributing to the environmental and economic sustainability of both Veddel and surrounding areas.

An equal aspect of our proposal is to improve the liveability of Veddel by targeting the residential and overpopulation issues which exist within the area, not only creating new homes for the residents but also homes that respond to the flooding crisis that is implemented

to the Social and Cultural aspects of sustainability.

defences; a process which proves to be unsustainable in an economic sense.

The second phase of our scheme aims to increase the interconnectivity of the City together on a pedestrian and cycle route through Veddel, returning to Hamburg’s policy to ‘creating the conditions for sustainable mobility in all areas of transport, by improving infrastructure for public transport, cycling and for pedestrians.’ [3]

in opposition to this defence strategy utilised by hamburg, our proposal approaches the threat of flooding with a position of resilience, allowing the flooding to continue to occur across veddel and utilising the water in a positive mannerism, dealing with the flooding as a positive occurrence in opposition to it being a negative occurrence. in accordance with the diagram 1 overleaf, the current flooding defences in veddel create a channel for flooding through the residential strip and holds.

The inclusion of Promenade 60 will provide a degree of Economic Sustainability into the area by providing more recreational and retail units, encouraging local residents and neighbours of the area to spend more of their spare time and money within Veddel - encouraging the growth of the local economy and improving the Economic Sustainability of Veddel.

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY In response to repetitive flooding throughout history, the general strategy that Hamburg has adopted is the aspect of defence, by constructing a series of tidal levees to keep the water out. There are two issues that arise with this strategy which fundamentally make this an unsustainable approach. This approach only forces the surge downstream, worsening the impacts in other areas and with rising sea levels becomes an endless process of improving the flooding defences in response the evolving tidal conditions.

THE WATER The water between the infrastructure routes, creating a basin of water across the site. In opposition to the unsustainable approach of building greater flooding defences, our proposal involves utilising the current tidal defences of Veddel to our advantage by allowing the current flooding situation to continue, permitting water to flow over the beach zone and tidal bank at the north of the area and into the site, proceeded by draining the water into a network of canals and removing the access flood water which would otherwise flood the entirety of the area.

Our proposal to dealing with the flooding by not creating impermable flooding defences and permitting the area to flood would not contribute to forcing the surge further downstream and impacting upon other areas; making this a more sustainably viable option. Additionally our strategy would continue to function with rising sea levels and subsequently would not require the continued development and investment in tidal defences, proving this a more economically sustainable option.

THE

THREAT

OF

In regards to designing in a sustainable approach whilst concurring with rising sea levels and the future of increased flooding in Hamburg, our proposal for new housing falls under two categories; Amphibious Housing and The Floating Village. Both of these designs of liquid urbanism are considered with the continued impact of rising sea levels and increased rates of flooding, coinciding with the flooding issues in a resilient methodology; as per the canal system.

Secondly, our urban development proposal included the addition of more marsh and reed habitats into the area; in opposition to hard landscaping options.

The marshes and reeds act as a natural ‘sponge,’ absorbing excess water and becoming a flood store for the surplus of water that lies within the flooding zone, the implication of marsh lands in the area not only challenges flooding in a resilient and more sustainable manner, but will also improve the biodiversity of the area and create public parks for residents; concluding this as an environmentally sustainable approach to flooding control.

With the floating village being completely adaptable to the fluctuating water levels, the dwellings remain functional and unharmed by increased water levels and is a highly sustainable design approach to living with water; both economically and environmentally.

Diagram 1 - Existing Flooding Scenario in Veddel

Amphibious Housing Precedent

It is estimated the climate change will contribute to a global sea level rise of 49cm by 2020, ‘however, in shallow seas like the North and Baltic Seas, sea level rise caused by thermal expansion alone is thought to be proportionally higher. consequently a 60 cm rise of mean water level is assumed to be more plausible,’ [4] Flooding defences will need to be continually developed to greater heights, following the trend (highlighted on the graph below) that can be traced through history between the relationship of increased flooding heights and the continued development of increased flooding

WITH

The Amphibious Housing provides residential accommodation for residents that is designed to allow the community to flourish in both times of flooding and normal conditions, creating a platform for the dwellings to reside upon with a series of connections and pedestrian routes above the flooding zone; creating a safe zone that still allows the connectivity and social interactions of the residents in times of flooding, whilst also reducing damage to the residential zones from flooding; both having positive impacts upon social and economic sustainability.

SOCIAL & CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY Regarding the social and cultural sustainability of our scheme, we have designed a series of ‘Cultural Pockets’ throughout Veddel in the form of the Knowledge Quarter, Theatre Garden, Culture Market and Promenade 60 which cultivate the social sustainability and longevity of Veddel for the current residents and future generations.

The Knowledge Quarter promotes the education of each of the 60 different cultures in the community, stimulating social interaction and understanding between the diverse cultures of the area; with the goal of improving community cohesion by connecting people through education.

The Theatre Garden aims to connect people through the use of music and arts, creating a recreational space in the community that is dedicated to the social interactions between the residents. Using the international language of music, the scheme creates a degree of the social connections that cross the struggles of language barriers and encourages the social interaction of the different cultures and nationalities with disregard for individual’s language capabilities; again contributing to social and cultural sustainability by enhancing community cohesion.

The Culture Market and Promenade 60 are provided to allow each of the 60 cultures to exchange in the foods, customs, delicacies and products of each of the different cultures, motivating the interconnectivity of the community by learning and partaking in each other’s cultures, again contributing to community cohesion and improving upsocial sustainability.

The Floating Village 26

27

3.0 P OLICY CONTEXT

3.0 P OLICY CONTEXT

WATER PROVIDING GROUND

WATER PROVIDING GROUND

“Opportunities for meetings between members of the community who might not otherwise come into contact with each other, including through mixed-use developments, strong neighbourhood centres and active street frontages which bring together those who work, live and play in the vicinity.”

Promoting healthy communities, National Planning Policy Framework, March 2012

Throughout Germany, the current demographic changes taking place and their impact on all aspects of life are a subject of discussion at all planning levels. Currently, there is an increased demand on planners to focus on growth due to a ‘shrinkage process’. The socalled “shrinking cities”, is a crisis in urban developments caused by outmigration, demographic decline whereby the death rate overrides the birth rate, and structural crisis, and has been addressed due to a population decline. With this in mind, the problems regarding communities becoming more sparsely inhabited need to be taken into consideration when compiling the urban plan, without the expectation of permanent growth.

Community The Federal and State Governments had launched a programme under the title ‘Socially Integrative City’ in 1999, a development programme for “districts with special development needs.” The aim of this programme is to combat growing social and geographical divisions in cities, mainly focusing on integrating the population groups affected and local residents in urban neighbourhoods (neighbourhood management).

Section 171e of the building code regulates the subject matter.1 This is a key element that we have proposed in our urban strategy, hoping that it will enable the integration and coliving environment of the 60 different communities living in veddel. Currently, the communities are limited with their degree of integration due to language barriers,

along with a lack of understanding of the cultures and living conditions, that limit interaction with each other. By creating areas such as the language cafe and the open theatre, we are creating opportunities for the habitants to learn about each others culture through different mediums. We have also taken into account creating less of a divide from both the city of Hamburg, along with Veddel’s direct community. This has been implemented through creating new infrastructure that pierces through buildings, raised walkways and platforms that allow you to move through the community cohesively when flooding arises, and by proposing ‘Amphibious Housing’, it allows open plan walkways to be created throughout the ground floor plan which, in turn, creates more opportunities for the freedom of integration, both geographically and socially. By opening out the north area of Veddel and creating a ‘floating village’, it creates the opportunity for the community to expand and have a closer connection with hamburg city centre, both through vistas and geographically.

Transport and Infrastructure To achieve a more sustainable transport system, the Government’s Policy Approach is based on a triangle of knowledge provision, research and innovation and investment in modern infrastructure. Taking care of social inclusion and aiming for an optimized share between alternative transport modes based on their specific qualities is an integral part of the approach.2 International Transport Forum Statistics

The major objectives of the Federal Government’s Transport and Transport Infrastructure Policy are as follows: 1. Reach optimum use of the existing transport infrastructure and make transport efficient, for instance by interlinking the different modes of transport in an optimum manner in the interests of an integrated

transport policy and by developing and deploying more electronic traffic management systems.

canals, providing Veddel with a new, more sustainable mode of transport.

Promoting the use of walking, cycling, and canal boats, we have accounted for the flood levels which would mean that our new infrastructure would allow everyday activities to continue as normal, as opposed to being halted due to flooding. We have also created routes that reduce travel distances, by extending lines of the existing road system. The canal system can provide direct access to Hamburg city centre by water travel.

2. Reduce the level of traffic wherever this is possible without having an adverse impact on the economy, for instance by developing smart logistics strategies to avoid unnecessary hgv trips, and by means of a settlement policy which means that people do not have to travel excessive distances. Developing smart logistics strategies to avoid unnecessary hgv trips, and by means of a settlement policy which means that people do not have to travel excessive distances.

The intention for the proposed residential Amphibious Housing is to retain the existing heritage by using brick in a similar way, but by using a more modern, lighter shade of brick.

Education Currently, the church of Veddel houses a couple of weekly cafe mornings that attempt to act as a learning space for all of Veddel’s’ residents, whereby they can begin to experience and understand the existing 60 different cultures that reside there, through music, food, and different cultural events. Whilst it was made clear through speaking to the lead coordinator that the different communities within Veddel want their interaction with each other to improve and the programme has become increasingly successful, the cafe does not facilitate the growing need and/or population. This gave us the opportunity to create facilities that could house cohesion of the different cultures, and to learn different languages that may otherwise not be made accessible; this criteria, with the open Theatre creating opportunities for the different cultures to communicate through music. The proposed market will also allow the communities to experience and learn about the different types of food in each culture.

3. Shift significantly more traffic to the railways and waterways, thereby making a major contribution towards protecting the environment and combating climate change. This includes a further improvement of local public transport services in urban and rural areas.

4. Upgrade the transport infrastructure on a human scale and in an environmentally sound manner. In doing so, it will be taken account of noise mitigation as well as the interests of environmental protection and nature conservation.

5. Further reduce co2 emissions and energy and fuel consumption of the transport sector, for instance by incentivizing fuel-efficient vehicles and providing support for research and development on alternative fuel options and drivetrains (e.g.hydrogen-powered vehicles) that are environmentally friendly and have a lower impact in regard to climate change.

“An efficient transport system is crucial for a healthy economy in germany.

Waterways are important transport routes and offer in many cases a low-cost and environment-friendly alternative to road, rail and air transport or are part of transport chains.”3

Regeneration and Renovation The existing residential blocks, which are typical of Hamburg, are to be sensitively renovated in order to restore their initial appearance as they have largly deteriorated. The ground floor level of the blocks are currently particularly run down and mainly disused due to the effects of previous flooding.

The German Federal Institute of Hydrology

Using the existing infrastructure, we have replaced the current roads of veddel with

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29

4.0 COST PLAN

VALUE OF WATER PROVIDING GROUND

ARTICULATING A NEW VEDDEL TOTAL AREA (-10%) IN M2

COST €/M2 / ANNUM

INCOME (€/M2)

YIELD (%)

FACTOR

CAPITAL VALUE (€)

AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING

7,368.3

162

1,193,664.60

7

14.28

17,052,351.43

FLOATING VILLAGE

791.1

162

128,142.00

7

14.28

1,830,600.00

KNOWLEDGE QUARTER

2,068.2

90

186,138.00

7

14.28

2,659,114.28

USES

Our urban design strategy Water Providing Ground is a response to the increasing flood risks that are surpressed among Vedell and Hamburg. Our approach to this is to create major adjustments to the urban fabric in the forms of canals. Due to the nature of our scheme, the capacity for capital gain and value is limited. In conjunction to this, our residential schemes are targeted towards social housing to respond to over population and current residential issues.

TOTAL ANNUAL INCOME

1,507,944.60

CAPITAL VALUE

€ 21,542,065.71

COST OF WATER PROVING GROUND TOTAL COSTS

COST €/M2

20,160,744.00

PROFESSIONAL FEES

8%

4,600,612.90

EXCAVATION (VOLUME)

308,922M3

14/M3

4,324,908.00

CONTINGENCIES

3%

1,725,229.83

EXTRACTION OF MATERIALS FROM SITE (VOLUME)

308,922M3

21.25/M3

6,564,592.50

SHORT TERM FINANCE

10%

5,756,766.13

CONCRETE LINING FOR CANALS (500MM IN THICKNESS)

173,688M2

101.00/M2

8,771,244.00

2 X FLOODING GATES (RESTRICTORS)

-

-

500,000.00

CANALS

The goal of responding to the flooding crisis in a resiliant manner proves to be a more economically efficient alternative to the continued development of flooding defenses in the area, and therefore will benefit the immediate area of Veddel, and Hamburg, on a long term scale in terms of economical sustainability; fulfilling hamburg’s aspirations regarding the flooding crisis.

PUBLIC REALM

We intend for the scheme to be partially funded by local governments, along with receiving a European Union Grant for Major Infrastructure Changes. We are in a position to receive a maximum of 18 million euros from capital investors, and a further 54 million euros from government grants.

9,078,794.80

BRIDGES (FOOTBRIDGE)

2,561M2

1,418.10/M2

PAVING

3,567,939.60

23,856M

169.70/M2

4,048,363.20

MARSHLAND

38,808M2

6.51/M2

252,640.00

ADDITIONAL GREEN BELT PLANTING

27,597M2

43.84/M2

1,209,852.00

2

REFURBISHMENT & DEVELOPMENT OF EXISTING GROUND FLOOR RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS 3,651M2

52.11/M2

REFURBISHMENT FOR CONNECTIONS

34,021M2

150/M2

8,187M

1,814.25/M

2

€ 69,659,269.27

LAND VAULUE:AMPHIBIOUS ZONE (CAPITAL VALUE-CONSTRUCTION COSTS) PRESENT VALUE OF SITE PRESENT VALUE OF EURO IN 2.5 YEARS

€ 2,201,133.00 10%

€ 1,736,255.00

190,253.61 5,103,150.00 2

FLOATING VILLAGE

14,851,218.00 1,515,772.51

PONTOONS FOR CONNECTIONS

421M2

242.95/M2

102,281.99

LAND PONTOON

408M2

232.81/M2

94,990.52

FLOATING HOUSES

879M

2

1,500/M

1,318,500

2

2

KNOWLEDGE QUARTER

2,298M

1,988/M

4,568,424.00

THEATRE GARDEN

389/M2

5,245/M2

2,040,305.00

TOTAL CONSTRUCTION COST

TOTAL OF DEVELOPMENT COST

5,293,403.00

TO BE DEMOLISHED FOR ROUTES AMPHIBIOUS HOUSING

30

ANCILLARY COSTS

TOTAL AREA

CONSTRUCTION COSTS

2

€ 57,567,661.31

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

COST CALCULATIONS

REFERENCES

WORKING-OUT

SUSTAINABILITY REFERENCES [1] Commision, S. D. (n.d.). What is Sustainable Development? Retrieved from Sustainable Development Commision: http://www.sd-commission.org.uk/pages/what-is-sustainable-development.html [2] http://www.hamburg.de/contentblob/4028914/data/booklet-englisch [3] http://www.hamburg.de/contentblob/4028914/data/booklet-englisch [4] Sterr, H. (2008). Assessment of vulnerability and adaptation to sea level rise for the coastal zone of Germany. Journal of Coastal Research, 383. Retrieved from Climate Adaption.

POLICY REFERENCES 1. http://www.arl-net.de/commin/germany/17-current-and-future-changes 2. .http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/statistics/investment/country-responses/germany.pdf 3. http://www.bafg.de/en/03_the_%20bfg/01_mission/mission_node.html 4. section 177, modernisation and refurbishment orders of part three, the preservation statute and urban development enforcement orders from the german law archive , http://germanlawarchive.iuscomp. org/?p=649#ii3i icc survey brochure 2013: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=17&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0cdkqfjagoapqfqotcpwf15qijckcfuzefaodpzajuq&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.turnerandtownsend.com%2ficc_survey_ brochure_final_6mgja.pdf.file&usg=afqjcngnlgicwpipx-lon_yonknx4kvyfg&bvm=bv.107467506,d.d24 http://www.amsterdamforvisitors.com/canals-of-amsterdam https://www.baw.de/en/die_baw/die_baw.html http://ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/env-10_034_hambourg_mep_final1.pdf http://germanlawarchive.iuscomp.org/?p=649 http://germanlawarchive.iuscomp.org/?p=649#i6 http://germanlawarchive.iuscomp.org/?p=649#ii3i http://www.harrer-ing.net/en/downloads/publications/iabse2006_lang.pdf http://www.internationaltransportforum.org/statistics/investment/country-responses/germany.pdf http://www.kliwas.de/kliwas/en/home/homepage_node.html;jsessionid=569767f30598ed3dc49429f4b543b2ec.live2051 https://www.baw.de/en/die_baw/die_baw.html http://www.bafg.de/en/02_fieldsofactivity/04_interdisciplinary/kliwas.html?nn=186402

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COST CALCULATIONS

COST CALCULATIONS

WORKING-OUT

WORKING-OUT

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