The Record Newspaper 16 October 1958

March2nd,

TheLatePopePiusXII

March2nd,1939-October9th,1958

PopePiusXII'sUnfadingCrownOfGlory

Two-DecadePontificateOfOneOfTheGreatestPopes

HisHolinessPopePiusXII,supremeheadoftheChurchduringthestormiestandmostfatefulperiodofhistory,hasbecome oneofthegreatfiguresofalltime.Aworkerofboundlessenergyandenormoustalent,hewontheadmirationoftheworldforhis outstandingachievementsinmanydifferentfields.Scholar,teacher,linguist,diplomatandsaintlypastorofsouls,hisreignwould havebeennotablehadheexcelledinonlyoneoftheseroles.Thathewaseverywhereacclaimedforextraordinaryattainmentsin themall,placeshisPontificateattheveryforefrontofepochs.

HisPontificatepresentsastrikingcontrast.0 AlthoughhewasuniversallyknownasthePopeof Peace,thebeginningofhisreignsawthemostwidespreadanddestructivewarmankindhasyetknown, whileitslatteryearswitnessedanuneasytruce, markedbytheruthlessandrelentlesspersecutionof theChurchinanever-lengtheninglistofnations.

Hewasagreatleaderintheworld'sstruggle againstCommunism.In1948hisfatherlywarnings savedItalyfromRedseizure.HismessagetoCatho-1 liesbehindtheIronCurtaingavethemhopeintheir battletopreservetheFaithintheirhomelands.His 1949decreeexcommunicatingmembersoftheCommunistPartyandthosewhohelptospreaditspropagandawasoneofthemosttellingblowsyetstruck againsttheforcesoftheKremlin.

Asastudenthewonhighhonours,earningthree doctorateswhilehardlymorethanayouth.

Appointedfullprofessorbeforehewas30.helater gaveupteachingfordiplomacy.

Hislongandsuccessfuldiplomaticcareerreached itspeakwhenhebecamePapalSecretaryofStatein 1930.

HewasprobablythebestknownPopewhohasever reigned.Morewidelytravelledthananyprevious Pontiff,healsoreceivedmorepeoplefrommoredifferentpartsoftheworldthananyofhispredecessors.

Fluentinsevenlanguages,hecouldspeaktomost ofthevastnumberofpeoplehemetintheirnative tongue.

FirstRomanPopeintwocenturies,hegavecontemporarymeaningtohisancienttitleofDefender ofthe inWorldWarII savedRomefromdestruction.

HecreatedmoreCardinalsatonetimethanany otherPopeandbroughttheSacredCollegeuptofull strengthforthefirsttimein250years.Hegranted representationintheCollegetoallcontinentsforthe firsttimeandgaveCardinalstomorenationsthan anypreviousPontiff.

HedecreedtheHolyYearof1950,duringwhich

000,000pilgrimsfromallpartsoftheworldflocked t,.RometoreceivetheHolyYearindulgencesand prayforthereturnofthoseoutsidetheChurch.

HisproclamationofthedoctrineoftheAssumption ofOurLadywasthefirstPapaldefinitionofadogma inclosetoacentury.

HegrantedlimitedpermissionforeveningMasses inallnations,liberalisedtheEucharisticfast,and revivedtheancientEastervigilservice.

HeproclaimedtheMarianYearof1954tomark the100thanniversaryofthepromulgationofthe dogmaoftheImmaculateConception.

HedecreedthefeastoftheQueenshipofMary, andthefeastofSt.JosephtheWorkman.

Hecanonised33saints,beatified168personsin64 ceremoniesandadvancedthecausesofmanyother holypersons.

PopePiuswascrownedinpublicwiththe tripletiaraonMarch12,1939.

HespoketotheChurchin38encyclicalletters,as IAellasmanylessformalmessages,onawidevariety oftopics:doctrinalandliturgicalquestions,moral andspiritualmatters,socialandeconomicproblems and,aboveall,peace,arecurringthemeinvirtually allofhispronouncements.

PopePiusXII,firstnative-bornRomantoriseto thePapacysincetheelectionofInnocentXIIIin 1721,wasbornMarch2.1876.thesonofFilippoand Virginia(GraziosilPacelli.Hewaschristenedtwo dayslaterintheChurchofSaintsCelsusandJulian byhisuncle,Mgr.GiuseppePacelli.

HewasbornintoanaristocraticRomanfamily whichhadlongrenderedservicetotheHolySee. Bothhisfatherandhisgrandfatherhadservedthe Vaticaninofficialposts.HisbrotherwaschiefVaticannegotiatorofthetreatiesthatsolvedtheRoman Question.

HeGainsTripleDoctorate

AsayouththefuturePontiffattendedthegrammar schooloftheFrenchSistersofProvidenceandthen wenttohighschoolattheEnnioQuirinoVisconti Lyceum,fromwhichhewasgraduatedwithhonours in1893attheageof17.

Heservedinthatpostduringtheearlypartof WorldWarI.Forthreeyearshisjobwastodirect theVatican'sreliefwork-encouragingtheexchange ofwarprisoners,helpingtogetwoundedsoldiers movedtohospitals,andsendinginformationabout missingtroopstotheirfamilies.

WhenthePapalNunciatureinBavariafellvacant in1917Mgr.Pacelliwasnamedtothepost.Hewas appointedTitularArchbishopofSardiinApriland consecratedintheSistineChapelbyPopeBenedict XVonMay13.

ShortlyafterhisarrivalinMunichArchbishop Pacelliwascalledupontoparticipateinoneofthe HolySee'smostimportantdiplomaticeffortsofthe war.InAugust,1917,BenedictXVissuedhisfamous peaceproposals.ItwastheNuncio'sdutytopresent theproposalspersonallytoKaiserWilhelmII.But theGermanEmperorturnedthemdownandthewar continued.

AfterthewarArchbishopPacellistayedinMunich, wherehefacedgravedangerbyremainingathis postduringtheradicalSpartacistuprising.Once tiewasobligedtodifferwithanofficeroftherevolutionarymilitiawho,ashearguedwiththeNuncio, levelledapistolathim.

WhenaNunciatureforallofGermanywassetup inBerlinin1920,ArchbishopPacelliwasnamedfirst Nuncio.Inthatposthenegotiatedtwoconcordats, onewithBavariain1925andonewithPrussiain 1929. Althoughpreoccupiedwithdiplomaticduties,the Nuncioalwayskepthimselfinformedonthepolitical, socialandreligiouslifeofthecountry.Indeed,it skashisconcernfortheseaspectsofGermanlifethat accountedforhisgreatsuccessthere.Soenduring washisprestigethroughoutthecountrythatonhis 75thbirthdayin1951,Munichrenamedoneofits mainstreetsPacelliStrasse,asBerlinhaddonein 1949.

MDecidingtobecomeapriest,heenteredtheCapraIncaCollege.theoldestseminaryinRome.Hewas abletoremainthereonlyayear,however,because delicatehealthmadecommunitylifetoodifficultfor Lim.Hethenreturnedtohisfamilyandattended theRomanSeminaryandthePontificalUniversityas adaystudent.In1899hewasgivendoctoratesin philosophyandtheology.

Hewasordainedthesameyearandcelebratedhis firstMassintheBasilicaofSt.MaryMajor.Followinghisordinationhewasappointedassistanttothe pastorofhisparishchurch,SantaMariainVallicella. Whileinthisposthefinishedhisstudies,learninga doctorate,histhird,incanonlaw.

Hethenenteredtwomajorfieldsofactivity.He wasmadeassistantprofessoroflawattheRoman SeminaryandanapprenticeintheVaticanSecretariateofState.Shortlyafterwardhewasappointed afullprofessorofcanonlawattheRomanSeminary, aprofessorofdiplomacyattheAcademyofNobles, andanofficialintheCongregationforExtraordinary EcclesiasticalAffairs,abodycloselyconnectedwith theSecretariateofState.

FatherPacellisoonresignedasaprofessortodevote himselffulltimetohisdutiesattheCongregation. Heremainedthereforthenexttenyears,workingon therecodificationofcanonlaw.Hewasnameda DomesticPrelatein1905andmadeSecretaryofthe Congregationin1914.

Inthepapalrobes,PiusXIImadehisfirst appearanceafterelection.

ArchbishopPacelliwasrecalledfromBerlinin 1929andcreatedaCardinalbyPopePiusXIatthe December16Consistory.

InFebruary,1930,lessthantwomonthsafterhis elevationtotheSacredCollege,CardinalPacelliwas namedPapalSecretaryofState.Oneofhisfirstacts asSecretarywastonegotiateanagreementwiththeItalianGovernmentregardingtheinterpretationof the1929Concordat,thuseliminatingdissensionsthat hadarisenwiththeMussoliniregime.

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1004

"TheFairestOfAllGod'sGiftsIsPeace"

PiusDedicates

HisLife&Work

TheCardinalwassentasPapalLegatein 1934totheInternationalEucharisticCongress inBuenosAiresandin1935totheceremonies inLourdestomarktheendoftheHolyYear proclaimedbyPiusXIincommemorationof the19thcenturyoftheRedemption.In1935 hewasalsoappointedChamberlainoftheHoly RomanChurch.Intheperiodbetweenthedeath ofaPopeandtheelectionofhissuccessor,the CardinalChamberlainistheheadoftheSacred College.ItisuptohimtoverifythePope's death,directpreparationsfortheconclaveand takechargeofit.

MostnotableoftheCardinal'smanyvoyages washistouroftheUnitedStatesduringOctober,1936.HisairplanetripfromNewYork tothePacificCoastandbackwasunprecedentedinthevisitsofworlddignitariestoAmerica atthattime.Whileinthiscountryhevisited thefourAmericanCardinals,personallymet mostoftheHierarchy,andwasseenbymany thousandsofCatholiclaymen.Hereceived honorarydegreesfromfouruniversitiesand beforeleavingwastheluncheonguestofPresidentRoosevelt.AfterhisreturntoRomehesaidthat histravelsintheUnitedStateshadleftonofthe deepestimpressionsonhislifeandthathewould alwayshavethewarmestmemoriesofhistriphere.

HewassenttoFrancein1937asLegatetothe blessingoftheLisieuxBasilicabuiltinhonourofSt. Therese.WhiletherehewasreceivedbyPresident Lebrun.ThenextyearhewasnamedaLegatefor thefourthtime,representingtheHolyFatheratthe EucharisticCongressinBudapest.

InFebruary,1939,PiusXIdied.AsChamberlain, CardinalPacellicertifiedthePope'sdeathandtook chargeofarrangementstoelecthissuccessor.

Beforetheconclavemet,theNaziandFascist Pressesstartedaviciouscampaigninanattemptto dictatethechoiceofthenewPontiff.Theirmain targetwasCardinalPacelli.Hisnameheadedalist of"political"andanti-Fascist-henceunacceptablecandidatesinthenewspaperofCountCiano,then Italy'sForeignMinister.TheNaziPressofGermanycalledhimamemberofa"Vaticanwarparty" and"atraitorbelongingtoadegenerategeneration ofadyingbourgeoisie."

Butthecampaignswerefutile.OnMarch2,onthe thirdballot,hewonthevotesof61ofthe62Cardinals inconclave.Onlyhisownvotehadbeencastfor anothercandidate.So,onhis63rdbirthday,inone

BeforeacountlesshumanseathePopepleadedforpeace

oftheshortestconclavesinhistory,CardinalPacelli waselectedSupremePontiffandchosethenameof PiusXII.HewasthefirstPapalSecretaryofState tobenamedPopesinceClementIXwaselectedin 1667. Hiselection,firsttobeannouncedtotheworldby radio,waseverywheregreetedwithenthusiasm.In RomecrowdsjammedSt.Peter'sSquaretocheer theirfirstnativePontiffinmorethantwocenturies. BeyondtheEternalCityhiselectionwasparticularly popularsincehewasknownpersonallybymany thousandsofpeopleinmanycountries.Hehadlived inGermanyfor12years,passedmostofhisvacations inSwitzerland,andvisitedSpain,France.England, AustriaandHungaryinEuropeaswellasArgentina, Brazil,UruguayandtheUnitedStatesinthenew world.

Butprobablythechiefreasonforhispopularitywas thegeneralfeelingandhopethathewouldcontinue hispredecessor'sworkforpeace.Thesehopeswere justified.InhisfirststatementasPope.madeonthe dayafterhiselection,hesaid:"Thefairestofall God'sgifts,whichpassesallunderstanding,is peace."

PiusXIIwascrownedMarch12,1939.Theheads ofsome40Statessentrepresentatives,includingfor thefirsttimetheUnitedStates.Afterhiscoronation thePope'sthoughtagainturnedtopeacewhenhe said:"Nothingislostbypeace,allmaybelostby war.LetthestrongandmightylistentoUsanduse theirpowernotfordestructionbutforconstruction." HisCharitySublimatedWar'sHorrors

TheHolyFather'swords,however,wentunheeded. BarelysixmonthsafterhiselectionGermansoldiers invadedPolandandWorldWarIIbegan.Onthe eveoftheinvasionHisHolinesshadmadeonelast efforttoaverttheconflict.Callingtheenvoysof GreatBritain,France,Poland.GermanyandItaly intoaudience,hesentamessagethroughthemtothe headsoftheirGovernmentsaskingthemto"abstain fromtakinganystepscapableofaggravatingthe presenttension."Buttonoavail.

WorldWarIIwasatremendoustrialforthePope. Waritself,withitssufferingsanddeath,grievedhim. Norwashefarfrompersonaldanger.Thefateof Rome,thoughdeclaredanopencity,longhunginthe balance.Whenbombsfinallydidfallonthecity, hewentoutintothestreetstogiveencouragement tothepeople,thusearninganewhisage-oldtitleof DefenderoftheCity.

tiess.Hegavenearly1,000,000dollarsforPolish Relief.EnglishBishopsgotmorethan100,000dols.to restorebombedchurches.Hesentmorethan60,000 dols.toheavilydamagedMalta.These,however,are butafewofhisgifts.Evenlargeramountsweresent toFrance,BelgiumandtheNetherlands.

AnotherPapalwarcharitywasthefeedingofthe destituteinandaroundRome.Alliedauthorities reportedthattheHolySeehadprovidedameala dayfor40,000people,thuspreventingthousandsof deathsfromstarvation.

(Continuedoverleaf)

Petrol

OnChristmasEve,1939,hepresentedthewarring nationswithasetofconditionsonwhichtheymight haveendedtheirconflictandestablishedajustpeace. Hisconditionswereindependenceforallnations, liberationofallnationsfromtheslaveryofarmaments, ieconstructionofinternationalinstitutionstoremove pastdeficiencies,examinationoftherealneedsand justdemandsofpeoplesandnations,includingethnic minorities,andasincerereturntotheimmutable principlesofdivinelaw.InsucceedingChristmas messagesduringandafterthewarthesepointswere clarifiedandexpanded.

Toalleviatesomeofthesufferingscausedbywar theHolyFatherestablishedtheVaticanInformation Service.Itsbranchofficesinnationsthroughoutthe worldgavetocountlesspersonstheirfirstandfrequentlytheironlynewsofrelativestakenprisoner ofwar.TheServicewasfreeandusedbypeople ofallnationalitiesandreligions.Severalmillion messageswerechannelledthroughtheServiceduring thewar,includingmorethanhalfamilliontothe UnitedStates.

BesidessettinguptheInformationService,thePope gavelargesumsofmoneytorelievewar-causeddis-

AsDefenderOf

AgainstCommunism

WhiletheAlliedarmieswereinRomeHisHoliness showedhimselfwillingtoreceiveallwhowishedto callonhim.Onedayalonehesaw8,000soldiers. Bytheendofthewaritwasestimatedthathehad beenseenbysome1,200,000Alliedtroops,mostof themAmericans.

Onaccountofthedifficultyofgatheringconsistoriesduringthewar,theCollegeofCardinalshad fallentoonly38membersby1945.InFebruary, 1946,PiusXIIcreated32newCardinals.Itwasthe largestsingleelevationinhistory.

Seeingachancetocreate"aCatholicmapofthe wold,"thePoperaisedtotherankofCardinalalarge numberofnon-Italians,reducingItaliansintheCollegetoaminorityforthefirsttimein600years.Of

oriatofondleachild consoledthevictims thenewPrincesoftheChurch,onlyfourwerefrom Italy.Theremaining28camefrom18different countries,includingChinaandPortugueseAfrica. ThusforthefirsttimeallcontinentshadaCardinal. WiththenamingoffourAmericanCardinalsthe UnitedStateshadfivemembersoftheCollegefor thefirsttime.

In1947intheApostolicConstitution"Provida MaterEcclesia,"HisHolinessgavecanonicalrecognitiontosecularinstitutes.Theseinstitutes,which originatedinthe19thcentury,areassociationsofmen andwomenwhocontinuetheirnormallivesinthe worldwithoutlivingthecommunitylifeofreligious butwhoconsecratetheirlivestoGod.

WhilethebattlefoughtagainstNazismandFascism byPiusXIIcametoanendwiththewar'sclose,his struggleagainstCommunismwasintensifiedwiththe comingofpeace.

In1948CommunismsetouttocaptureCatholic Italy.TheItalianelectionofthatyearwasoneof thecrucialeventsofPiusXII'sreign.Withanestimated2,000,000members,theItalianCommunist partywaswidelyconsideredtobethelargestoutside ofRussiaitself.Itsleaderswerecertainthatthey couldtakeoverthecountryandmanyneutralobserversthoughtsotoo.

DuringtheArab-Israeliwarhundredsofthousands ofArabsfledtheirhomeinPalestineandsought refugeinneighbouringcountries.Distressedbytheir plight,theHolyFatherappealedtotheworld'sCatholicstocometotheiraid.Toadministerthataidhe setupthePontificalMissionforPalestine,throught whichlargeamountsoffood,clothingandmedicine weredistributedtoArabD.P.'s,bothChristianand Moslem.

Afterthewarasduringit,thePopedidallhecould toeasethesufferingsofitsvictims.AidtotheArabs wasasmallpartoftheHoly'sFather'stotalrelief effort.Shortlyafterwar'send,forexample,truck convoyslefttheVaticanforWesternGermanytoaid thehugemassesofrefugeesthenpouringintothat area.Largereliefshipmentsweresentperiodically tosome50nationsthroughoutthewrold.

VastReliefProjectForWarVictims

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PHONEMEPERSONALLYFORALLDETAILS AT86-1605.

TheReds,however,sufferedaresoundingdefeat. TheHolyFatherhadcalmlyremindedthecountry's Catholicsoftheirdutytovoteandtovoteforparties thatwerenotanti-Christian.Thefaithfulwentto thepollsanddealtCommunistexpectationsasevere blowbyelectingastronglyanti-RedParliament.

ButwhiletheCommunistadvanceintheWestappearedtohavebeenstopped,Redsstruckheavy blowsattheChurchastheytookovercountryafter countryinEasternEurope.Churchesandschools wereclosed,theCatholicPressbanned,andthefaithfulhoundeduntiltheirliveswereindanger.

Thesepersecutionsreachedapeakwiththeimprisonmentontrumped-upchargesofCardinalStepinacinYugoslavia,CardinalMindszentyinHungary, CardinalWyszynskiinPolandandArchbishopBeran inCzechoslovakia.

ActsAimedAtIndividuals

InJuly,1949,PiusXIIissuedadecreeexcommunicatingallCatholicswho"knowinglyandoftheir freewill"joinorremainintheCommunistpartyor inanywayreadorpromoteCommunistpropaganda. Thedecreewasconsideredasoneofthemostfarreachingofmoderntimes.ForalthoughtheChurch hadcondemnedCommunismforacentury,preaching againstitserrorsandevils,thePope'sdecreewasthe firstactaimedattheindividual.

InJanuary,1952,thePontiffsentthefirstofhis apostolicletterstothepriestsandpeopleofChina, which'hadfallentotheCommunistsin1949.Itwas similartolettersthePopehadsentearliertoCatholics inotherRed-dominatedlands.Expressinghisgrief attheirpersecution,theHolyFatherwarnedChina's CatholicsnottobemisledbytheRedsandaskedthem tooffertheirsufferingstoGod.Anotherletterwas sentearlyin1955inwhichthePoperepeatedhis exhortationstotheChinese.

InadditiontohistroubleswithCommunism,Pius XIIalsofacedaperiodofunrestintheHolyLand duringthepost-waryears.Inthewarwhichbroke outbetweentheArabsandthenewStateofIsraelin 1948,manyChristianshrinesandchurcheswere damagedanddestroyedandfreeChristianaccessto theHolyPlaceswasendangered.

In1948thePopeissuedtheencyclical"InMultiplicibus"callingfortheinternationalisationof Jerusalemandvicinity,andprotectionofChristian rightsthere.In1947theUnitedNationshadmade asimilarrecommendation,butnothinghadbeendone toimplementit.In1949PopePiusissuedanother encyclical"RedemptorisNostri,"callinganewfor Jerusalem'sinternationalisation.Againnodefinite stepsweretaken.Jerusalemisstilldividedbetween ArabandJewandtherightoffreeChristianaccess totheHolyPlacesisstilluncertain,

InanotherattempttosolvetheD.P.problemthe Popesoughttofindnewhomesforrefugeesandto providemeansfortheiremigration.Hetoldnations withsurpluslandthatitwastheirdutytoplaceit atthedisposalofthelandless.Heorganisedthe VaticanMigrationBureautoaidemigrants,andin 1951theInternationalCatholicMigrationCommission wasestablishedathisrequest.

Norwerehisreliefeffortsrestrictedtothoseuprootedandleftdestitutebywar.Healsosentfrequentgiftsofmoneyandgoodstovictimsofnatural disasters,tothepoorandorphans,bothCatholicand non-Catholic,allovertheworld.InItalythePontificalReliefCommissionsetupahugewelfareprogrammewhichincludedtheestablishmentofthousandsofcampswithenoughspacetogivesummer vacationsto1,000,000needychildren.

OnHolyThursday,1949,PiusXIIdecreedthe1950 HolyYear.HeurgedCatholicseverywheretomake apilgrimagetoRome,toprayanddopenanceduring theyearthatthoseoutsidetheChurchmightreturn toit. During1950morethan3,000,000pilgrimsfromthe fourcornersoftheearthflockedtoRometoreceive theHolyYearindulgencesandwitnessthemany specialeventsthattookplacethere.

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8-13THEESPLANADE,PERTH,W.A.

(Above):HereachesfromtheSediaGestat (Right):AfterthebombingofRome,he

CathedralCrowdsMournPontiff

MovingPanegyricAt

PontificalRequiem

St.Mary'sCathedralwasliterallyjammedtothedoorswhenthePontificalRequiemMassforPopePiusXIIwasofferedyesterdayat5.30p.m.TheCathedralwascomfortablyfullanhourbeforehand,butaftertheArchbishopandclergyhadenteredin processionalordertheaislesweretightlypacked,aswellasthesidechapelsoftheSacredHeartandSt.Therese.

Across-bearerledtheprocessionfromtheArchbishop'sPalace.Some30seminariansfromSt. Charles',Guildford,werefollowedbymorethan80 priests,fiveMonsignoriandHisGracetheArchbishop.Theyproceededthroughthecentralaisle tothesanctuary.

TheprieststookreservedpewsontheGospelside ofthenavewhileofficialguests,includingtheLieutenant-Governor,theLordMayor,StateandFederal Parliamentarians,thethreeServicesandConsular representatives,occupiedtheepistleside.TheV.Rev. DeanJ.Hoganhadreceivedtheguestsonarrivalat thesouthporch.

HisLordship,theMostRev.J.J.Rafferty(Auxiliary Bishop)assistedbytheRt.RevMgr.E.Sullivan celebratedtheRequiemMassatthepurple-draped, unadornedHighAltar.

TheRev.W.FoleywasdeaconandtheRev.P. McCrannsub-deacon.

HisGracetheArchbishoppresidedatthethrone, assistedbytheRt.Rev.Mgr.E.MossandtheRt.Rev. Mgr.J.T.McMahon.TheRev.E.J.Clancy,C.M., wasmasterofceremoniesinwhichtheseminarians participatedinblacksoutanesandredsashes.

St.Mary'sCathedralchoirinpurplesoutanessang theunaccompaniedchantandpolyphonyunderthe batonoftheRev.P.McCudden.

Loudspeakerscarriedtheceremonytomanywho couldnotgainadmittancetotheCathedral.Nearby ontheRoyalPerthHospitaltheAustralianflagflew athalf-mast.

Agreatnumberofthehugecongregationreceived HolyCommunionwithdifficulty.AftertheCommunionHisGracetheArchbishoppreachedamoving panegyric.

Thesermonended,tothetollingofthegreatbell intheCathedralbelfry.BishopRaffertygavethe absolutionatthecatafalque.

HisGracetheArchbishopsaidthatCatholicChristendom-alwaysunitedbythebondofacommon faith-wasthatdaymorecloselyknitbythewandof death.Duringthosedaysofmourningfivehundred millionspiritualchildrenwerebroughtmoreclosely togetherinprayerfulsorrow-profoundlymovedand grievedbythelamenteddeathoftheirHolyFather. PopePiusXII.inthe82ndyearofhislife,andthe 19thofhistroubledpontificate. comparedwiththatofmanyofhispredecessors. Measuredbyotherstandardsitwaseventfuland fruitfultoahighdegree,illuminedbybrilliantand arrestingEncyclicalsonreligious,socialandeconomic questionsthatreflectedtheworkingofapowerful intellectandthatrivetedtheattentionoftheworld atlargeonthe261stsuccessorofSt.Peter,inthe SeeofRome.

CONTACTB.A.BARNARDBldg.Co. ofPERTHandGERALDTON

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Screenedasatributeandmarkofrespecttoa greatChurchman

TheStoryoftheLate

FilmedintheVATICAN-showingtheelectionofa PONTIFFandhislifeandwork.COMMENTARYBY BISHOPFULTONJ.SHEEN.

SupportingFeature: SPELLBOUND

ScreeningSaturday,Monday,Tuesday COTTESLOETHEATRE

14LEAKEST.,COTTESLOE.3-1825

HisGracetheArchbishoppreachingthepanegyric.Atextremeleftinfrontpew:TheHon.D.Brand (LeaderofStateOpposition);theHon.theLordMayor;HisExcellencytheLieutenant-Governor(Sir JohnDwyer).Thirdpew,thirdfromright:Mr.J.O'Brien(CommissionerofPolice),Mrs,ReidandDr. Reid(ChancellorofUniversity).Fourthpew,thirdfromright,Mr.T.Ahern,K.S.S.

ThedifficultiesandperilsthatconfrontedandsurroundedhiminsteeringthebarqueofPeterwere perhapsgreaterthananypreviousPopehadtoencounterandovercome.Hedrankthechaliceof anguishandafflictiononaccountofthebitterpersecutionoftheChurchinCommunist-dominatedcountries.

Littlewonderthattheagedandfrailframeshould reacttothementalstrainandbeunderminedand weakenedasaresultofhisdailysolicitudeforhis sufferingchildreninthoseGodlesscountries.

Hisdeathremovedaremarkablepersonalityfrom curmidst.Somanyandoutstandinghadbeenhis achievements;soendowedwashewithsanctity,zeal, intellect,genius,thegiftoftongues,oratory,wide learning,energy,andtherest,thatnonecoulddoubt thatthosequalitiesandachievementsviedwiththe besttraditionsofthepast.

PerhapsnoPopeinhistoryhadspokenonsucha varietyofthemesrangingfromprofoundtheological doctrine,theapplicationofmoralprinciplestonew scientificdiscoveries,downtotheuseoffolklore.An intrepid,tactfulandskilfulleaderinallthingswhich concernedthewelfareoftheChurchandhumanity, hewasalsointenselyinterestedintheeventsand movementsofhistime.

InthefirstofhisEncyclicalshemadecleartheaim ofhisPontificate,viz.,unityinopposingtheworld's evils,andChristianprinciplesinmoral,socialand publiclife.Howassiduouslyheworkedforthe achievementofthataim,historianswouldverify. Butaboveandbeyondallhisintrests.shonehis extraordinaryspirituality.ThosewhohadtheprivilegeofevenabriefmeetingwithPopePiusXIIwere firminstatingthattheycarriedawayfromtheaudiencetheimpressionofhavingbeenintouchwitha saintlyandveryhumblesoul,ratherthanagreat scholarandstatesman.

AndthoughthePopewasdead,thePapacylived onundimmedandunshakenbythosemightyupheavalsthathadcrumbledotherEmpires,andcrippled ctherPowers."MayGodinHismercyraiseupa worthysuccessor-the263rdlivinglinkofthatchain thatconnectshimwithPeter-toruleandtoguide withHisownDivineSpirittheChurchHeestablishedonearth,"saidHisGrace.

-Andasweuniteinspiritduringthesedayswith thehundredsofthousandsthroughouttheworldwho aremourningthedeathofoursaintlySupremeSpiritualRuler,weareremindedthatthegiftofinfallibility(whenthePopespeaksonfaithandmorals) doesnotincludeimpeccability-andhenceweoffer thesuffragesoftheChurchthroughthisPontifical RequiemMassandLiturgicalAbsolution,thatthe soulofourdepartedFatherinGodmayhavereceived itslastperfectionandpurificationbyitsdeath-bed suffering,andthathemaynowbeinpossessionof eternallightandpeace.

"IntheconsecratedwordsoftheChurch'sliturgy forthedead,wesaywithheartsfullofprayerful emotion:'Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0Lord,and mayperpetuallightshineuponhim.Amen.'

HisGracesaidtheywerehonouredinhavingassociatedwiththematthatfunctioninpayingtribute tothatgreatandcourageousworldfigure:HisExcellencytheLieutenantGovernor(Hon.SirJohn Dwyer);representativesoftheFederalandState GovernmentsandoftheParliamentaryOppositions; theRt.Hon.theLordMayor;representativesofthe threeServices,theCommissionerofPoliceandthe Consularcorps.

"OnbehalfoftheCatholicbody,"concludedHis Grace,"Ibegtoconveytotheserepresentativesour sentimentsofprofoundgratitudeanddeepandsincereappreciation."

W.

Thursday,

OneOfPope'sLastLetters

VaticanCity,Sept.21-WhiletheChurch rejectsthe"fancifulideal"ofaclassless society,ittreatsallclassesimpartiallyand doesnotrecogniseclassdifferencesbased onprivilegeorexploitation,aVaticanletterdeclared.

TheletterwaswritteninthenameofHisHoliness PopePiusXIIbyMgr.AngeloDell'Acqua,Vatican SubstituteSecretaryofState,toHisEminence GiuseppeCardinalSiri,ArchbishopofGenoaand PresidentoftheItalianSocialWeeks.

Itwasbasedonthethemeofthe31stItalianSocial WeekbeingheldinBarifromSeptember21to28, "ClassesandSocialRevolution."

Theletteropenedwithareferencetotheattitude oftheChurchtowardsocialproblemsandsaidthat theChurchcannotfailtobeinterestedinthembecausetheyaffecttheChurch'smission.Itstated:

"Inreality,theChurchinitsinterventionsregardingtheproblemofclasseshasneverdepartedfrom nordoesitnowdepartfrom,thatattitudedemanded bytherequirementsofitsdivinemandate.

"FortheChurchtheprinciplesofnaturallawmust aboveallremainsteadfast,thatistosaythelaw accordingtowhichboththemultiplicityofclasses andthedifferencesderivingtherefromfullyrespond tothedesignsoftheCreator."

FancifulIdealOfClasslessness

Whileadmittingthattherearedifferencessane-, tionedbythewilloftheCreator,Mgr.Dell'Acqua saidthattheChurchcannotgiverecognitiontothose differencesthatare"thefruitofprivilege,favouritism,protectionismandinhumanexploitationofone':, neighbour,thingswhichoffendeveryformofjustice andwhichtheChurchknowsmustbeattributedto theinbornlackofequilibriuminmanwoundedby originalsin.

"AnditispreciselybecauseofthiscompleteknowledgeofmanthattheChurch.inthesamewaythat itrejectedthefancifulidealofasocietywithout classes,alsoregardsthefoolishoptimismoftheworshippersoflibertywhowouldentrustthebalance oftheclassestothefreeplayofindividualinterests."

HedeclaredthattheChurch'sattituderegarding socialclassescannotchangefromoneofcomplete impartialityandindependence.Inthesamemanner thatitisnotsubjecttothedictatesofmennorlinked

tcanyparticularformofgovernmentoreconomic system,neitherisitboundtoanyclass,hesaid.

Mgr.Dell'Acquacontinued:

"ButthoughtheChurchisanimpartialjudgein determiningtherightsanddutiesofthevarious classesinconflict,asamotheritcannotconcealits partialityforthoseofhersonswhoareingreater needofhelpandprotection.

"HermillenialexperiencehastaughttheChurch thatpovertyoftenreducessoulstobrutishnessand causestheirruination.Shewillthereforecontinue toraisehervoice,whencircumstancesrequire,in favourofgreaterjusticeandwilldemandwithall herstrengththecreationoffairerandmorehumane socialconditionsthatareworthyofthechildrenof God."

FivePointsForThought

Theletterlistedfiveprincipalpointswhich"hold firstplaceinthethoughtsofHisHoliness."These treatedof:thepersonaldignityofman,operative solidaritybetweenvariousclasses,theharmonyof groupinterestswiththecommongood,thegradual processofreforms,andthepracticeofjusticeintegtedincharity.

Mgr.Dell'Acquasaiditwouldbe"uselesstodelude oneselfwiththebenefitsofanartificialsocialorder" whichdisregardsman'spersonaldignity.

"Soonerorlaterthesebenefitswouldproveinconsistentanddeceptive,becauseonlywithmanandfor man,andnotwithoutmanandagainstman,canany kindofsocialorderbeestablishedandconsolidated," hesaid.

Withreferencetothesecondpointtheletterunderlinedthat"theChurchneverceasesitseffectiveaction sothattheapparentdifferencebetweencapitaland labourmaybetransformedintoasuperiorunity."

Asforharmonyofgroupinterestswiththecommongood,theletterstatedtheparamountimportance ofsubordinatingpartyintereststothecommonwelfare.Itsaidthatfailuretodosohasbeenoneofthe principalsourcesofnationaldisorders.

Onthefourthpoint.theletterstatedtheChurch's attitudeoffavouringreformthroughgradualdevelopmentratherthanthroughrevolution.Itsaid:

"Violencehasalwaysdestroyedandnotlifted;it haskindledpassionsandnotappeasedthem;ithas heapeduphatredandruinandfailedtobringcontestingpartiestotheharshnecessityofslowlyrebuildingontheruinsofdiscordafterhavingunder-

gonepainfultrials."

Thefinalpoint,thepracticeofjusticeintegratedin charity,wasidentifiedas"thatinwhichistobe foundthecharacteristicelementoftheChristianmessageandthesecretofitsstrength."Mgr.Dell'Acqua saidthatitisinthisareathatthe"irreplaceable functionoftheChurchshinesinallitssplendourand importance."

PolesProtestAtRedLeaders'

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Czestochowa,Poland,Sept.16.The chanceryofficeoftheCzestochowadiocese insouth-westPolandhasissuedaformal protestagainstaRedpresscampaigndirectedatthiscountry'snationalMarianshrine here..

"Butitisthedutyofthe

Inalettertotheeditorchancerytostatethattmany oftheWarsawCommunistmillionsofCatholicshave weekly"Polityka,"chancerythecorrect,truthfulopinion a officialsprotestedagainstb2outestsheeme ofatte

matterswhicharticle hrhaerlee anarticlepublishedbytheinessence newspaperwhichlabelled thefamousshrineofJasna Gora,a"FactoryofIllusions."

The600-year-oldshrine, locatedintheCzestochowa diocese,hasattracteduntold millionsoffaithfulthroughoutthecenturie.ItisdedicatedtoanancientGreek iconoftheBlessedVirgin popularlyreferredtoas OurLadyofCzestochowa.

Thelettertotheeditorof "Polityka"statedthatthe articlepublishedbytheRed weekly"gravelyoffendsthe essenceofCatholicbeliefs andreligiousfeelings."

Declaringthat"thechancerydeeplylamentsthesubstanceofthearticleand lodgesasolemnprotestin thatmatter,"itadded:

"ItmaybethatTolityka' doesnothavetotakeinto considerationthebeliefsand religiousfeelingsofCatholics.Itmaybethatitisnot rdifficultfor`Polityka'to, writewordswhichwrong theclergysuchasthese: `Theclergyissatisfied.Ignorance,backwardness,the difficultlifeofthepeople andthetimelesssearchof manforhappinessareits allies.'

(publishedby`Polityka'). ThosemillionsofCatholics, thoughsilent,sufferbecause ofthewrongsdonetothem intherealmofconvictions andexperienceswhichare mostdeartothem."

BakingHosts

ForCentury

missions

Africa, NorwayandIndonesia. Whenitwasfoundedin 1858,usingsimplehandoperatedwaferironsand smallovens,thebakery's productionwaslessthan30 thousandhosts.

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ColouredLights: 30ft.lengths,50ft.lengths, 100ft.lengths;Leadsforabove.

RADIOReplies

ByREVDR.RUMBLE,

40 4

GospelsHaveStoodEvery TestOfHistory&Criticism

F.O'Neill,Woollahra:Inyourpamphlet

"WhyYouShouldBeACatholic"yousay thattheGospelsarehistoricaldocuments.

theirclaimtobeauthentic recordshasmorethanbeen abletomeetalltherequirementsofhistoricalresearch andcriticalexamination.

Therearemanyancient documentsofapurelysecu-larcharacterwhichareacceptedbyscholarswithout questionasauthenticrecords,althoughthereisfar lessevidenceforthemthan isavailableinthecaseof theGospels.

Q.:CanyouprovethatMatthew,Mark.Lukeand Johnexisted,withthetestimonyofnon-Christian historians?

R.:Thereisnoneedtodo that;norwouldanyreasonablepersonexpectittobe possible.Itakeitforgrantedthatyouhaveinmind contemporaryoratleast ancientnon-Christianhistorians.Noreputable modernnon-Christianhistorianswoulddreamofdenyingtheirexistence.As regardsancientcontemporaryhistorians,wemust rememberthatthegreater partoftheliteratureofthe ancientRomanEmpirehas beenlostthroughtheravagesoftimeandthedestructionoflibrariesduring thevariousbarbarianinvasions.Theremarkablething istofindsuchreferencesto Christianityingeneralasdo existinSuetonius,Tacitus, andPliny.Butevenifall thewritingsofancient Romanhistoriansexisted,it wouldbeinthehighestdegreeunlikelythatthey wouldhavementionedMatthew,Mark,LukeandoJhn byname.FromtheviewpointofthepaganRomans thesefourmenwouldbenobodiesbelongingtoanobscureJewishsectinasmall corneroftheirvastEmpire. Itisnottobeexpectedthat theywouldoccupythemselveswiththem.NecessarilyoneturnstotheChristianwritersoftheearliest yearsofChristianity,whose interestitwastopreserve thenamesoftheirownpioneersandwriters.Anditis areallyabsurdassumptionthatonlyrecordscompiled bynon-Christianauthors whocouldnotbeexpected todealwithagivenmatter aretobeacceptedasreliable,butnotthoseof Christianwriterswhocould beexpectedtodealwithit.

R.:Ido,inthesensethatGospelsattributedto them? R.:Thequestionofthe authorshipofthefourGospelsisadifferentonefrom thatoftheirauthenticityas records.However,theevidenceofIrenaeus,whowas bornin130A.D.,andwho personallyknewPolycarp, animmediatediscipleofSt. JohntheApostle,isquite sufficientinitself,apart fromallothersourcesofinformation.HedeclaresexpresslythatthefourGospelswerewrittenbyMatthewtheApostle;Markthe discipleofPeter;Luke,the companionofPaul;andby JohntheApostle. Q.:Canyouprove,without referencetoPet.5:13or Acts12:12,oranyother Christiantestimony,that whattheEvangelists wrotewastrue? R.:Thescripturereferencesyouhavegivenhave nobearingonthisproblem. Tocheckthetruthofwhat theEvangelistswroteone hasrecoursetopsychology, history,geographyand archaeology.

Psychologically,theyhad noreasonforlying,having nothingtogainbythat eitherinthisworldorthe next.Nor,weretheylying, wouldtheyhavebeensuch foolsastoinventaMessiahsooutofharmonywith Jewishexpectations,norso carefullysetdownsomuch thatwastotheirowndiscredit.

Historically,alltheirreferencesareabsolutelytrue tothefirstcenturysetting bothofJudaismasitthen was,andasdescribedby theJewishhistorianJosephus;andalsototheRoman occupation.

Thesamethingistrueof theirgeographicalreferences;andarchaeological researchinthousandsofdetailshasconfirmedtheir reliability.ButIcan'tgive youallthefindingsofcriticalscholarshipinbriefrepliessuchasthese.

Q.:Canyouprovethatthe MSS.Codicesofthe fourthcenturyarecopies oftheoriginalmanuscripts?

equallyreliablecopies.One thingiscertain.Wehavea criticalGreekTextofthe NewTestamentthatissubstantiallyaccurateinallrespects.Over4000Greek manuscriptsoftheNewTestamenthavebeencatalogued.Manuscriptshave beenfoundante-datingthe fourthcenturyCodices,and belongingtothethirdand secondcenturies.Alsopatristiccitationsaboundin writingsearlierthanthose Codices.Andacomparative studyofallsourcesfrom

themostwidely-dispersed localitiesleavesnotthe slightestroomfordoubtas tothesubstantialaccuracy ofthegreatCodices.There arenootherbooksinexistenceforwhichsuchan immensecriticalapparatus hasbeendevisedandwhich havebeensubjectedtosuch exhaustive investigation. Unbeliefinthecontentsof theGospelsisduetophilosophicalandanti-religious prejudices,nottoanydefect inthescientificassessment oftheirvalueasdocuments.

WhatDoesBibleMeanThatWoman

Was"TakenOut"OfMan'sSide

M.Torsey,Ryde:InGenesis2:23weare toldthatAdamsaidofEve:"Sheshallbe calledwomanbecauseshewastakenoutof man."Whatdoestheword"woman"mean?

R.:InmodernEnglishit isusedsimplytoindicate anadultfemaleofthe humanspecies.Butinold Englishitmeant"man's wife."Theactualwordin oldEnglishwas"wifman." InMiddleEnglishtheword became"Wimman,"which developedeventuallyinto ourmodernword"woman." Originally,therefore,the wordmeant"aman'swife," althoughtodayitisusedof alladultfemalehumanbeingsirrespectiveofwhether theyaremarriedornot.

whichmeans"life-giving;" andthereasongivenfor that-"becauseshewas themotherofalltheliving -isself-evident.Fromthe word"havah"weget"Eva" or"Eve,"which,through usage,havecometoberegardedasapropername. Originally,however,the wordwasnotapropername butadescriptionofthepart sheplayedintheworkof propagatingthehuman race.

IsItPossibleToUnderstand AnythingApartFromSenses?

J.W.,Marrickville:Aman understandshisexperiences viahisphysicalsenses.

R.:Thatisnottrue.His sensesgiverisetophysical experiences;butnottoan understandingofthem. Afterall,adoghasthesame fiveanimalsensesasman. Itcansee,hear,smell,touch andtastethings. Butithasnotbeenable toworkonthedatathus providedtoconstructeven asystemofphysicalscience, letaloneexploreother fieldsofknowledge,suchas history,psychology,sociology,politicalscience,economics:nottospeakofthe culturalrealmsofart,literatureandmusic. Thereisapowerhigher inmanthanmerelyphysicalsensation.Hehasa mindwhichisjustasmuch arealityasthephysical brain.Hehasreason,which isthetruesourceofunderstanding,aswellasthe physicalsenses.Thehuman mindisthe"observer"of physicalphenomena,apart fromthem,andgoingbeyondthemtometaphysical thought-processesconcerningtheinterpretationof them.

Thismakespossible,not onlyaphysicalscienceof materialthings,butarationalphilosophyoflife also,whichbreaksfree fromthementalshacklesof themerelyphysicalenvironmentandthesenses.

beexpectedtounderstand orappreciateanythingbeyondhisphysicalsenseexperiences,suchasspir- itualthings.

R:Ifamanwereonlya dog,andhadonlyphysical sense-experiences,yourattitudewouldbeintelligible. Butmanhasintellectual powersinadditiontopowersofsensation;andthereforehehasrational,moral andspiritualexperiences everybitasrealashis sense-experiences.

Totakebutoneexample, thefactofconscienceis oneofthemostuniversally attestedphenomena of humanexperience.Byconscience,wemeanknowledge thatthereisadifference betweenrightandwrong, andanawarenessofan obligationtodowhatwe thinktoberight.

Thisisajudgmentof moralvalueswhichisquite beyondtherangeofthe physicalsenses.Itbelongs totherealmofintellectual andspiritualexperiences. Asitisbettertogiveyou foodforthoughtonthis subjectinsmalldoses,Iwill leaveyouwiththatmuch forthemoment.

Q.:Canyouprovethatthe Evangelistswrotethe

R.:Thereisnoneedto provethattheywereactuallytranscribedfromthe originalmanuscripts.Noone canprovethattheywere not;buttheycouldhave beencopiedfromearlierand

HOULAHANS

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Q.:Inwhatsensewasthe firstwomantakenoutof man. R.:Theliteralwordingof theaccountinGenesis2:2123tellsusthatGodformed herfromaribwhichhehad takenfromAdam,whohad firstbeenreducedtoastate ofcomaortrance.Butthat couldbehistoryintheform ofaparable,notallthedetailsofwhichweremeantto beliterallytrue.Thebasic lessonsseemstobethatthe twosexesarosefromone, thefirstwomanhavingbeen formedinsomewayorother fromthefirstman.ACatholictheologian,Dr.Messenger,holdsthatthiscould havebeenbyembryonicor cellulardivision.Morerecentlyithasbeenheldthat thereisnoneedtomaintain theactualderivationof womanfromman,butonly thatshewasformedinthe likenessofman,afemale replicaofhimselfinthe samespecies,sothatAdam recognisedthatEvewasnot ofanatureinferiortohis own,aswereotherliving creaturesaroundhim.These arebuttheoriesonly,of course.TheCatholicChurch hasneverissuedanyofficial andinfallibledecisionasto howthepassageshouldbe interpreted.

Q.:Isitnotacontradiction tosaywithGen.2:23

thatshewascalled womanbecauseshewas takenoutoftheman;yet, inGen.3:20thatshewas calledEvebecauseshe wasthemotherofallthe living.

R.:No.Twodifferent wordswereusedinthe originalHebrewtodescribe heraccordingtothetwodifferentfunctionsshewasto fulfil;firstly,asacompanionforman;secondly, asa"life-giver"tochildren.

Q.:WereAdamandEve propernames,sothatEve addressedherhusbandas Adam,andheaddressed herasEve.

Q.:Inconsequence,Idon't understandhowmancan

Butthethingistorealisethenecessityorrising abovethelevelofthe physicalsensestothelevel ofreason,fromthatof sightandtouchtothatof intelligence.Whattheconsequenceisofgetting"upstairs"likethat,weshallsee nexttime.

R.:No.Neitherofthefirst twohumanbeingsknewthe actualword"Adam,"orthe actualword"Eve."The equivalentsofthosetwo wordsbelongtotheHebrew language,inwhichGenesis waswritten;buthundreds ofyearselapsedbetween ourfirstparentsandthe originoftheHebrewlanguage.Theformsanddevelopmentofdifferentlanguagesduringthatlongprehistoricperiodareunknown tous.IntheearliestchaptersofGenesis,thewords "Adam"and"Eve"arenot usedaspropernames.From theHebrewword"adamah" meaning,"theground,"the :abbreviatedform"adam" waschosentodesignatethe firstmanoftheearth;whilst theword"havah,"meaning "life-giver,"waschosento designatethefirstwoman. Later.thewords"Adam" and"Eve"cametoberegardedandusedasproper names.

Q.:DoesnottheNewTestamentsay:"ForAdam wasfirstformedthen Eve,"ITim.2:13.

R.:Yes.Butthereference wouldbetowhatwaswrittenintheOldTestament andascustomarilyaccepted. Thefactthatthefirstman wasformedbeforethefirst womanisdivinely-revealed. Thatisnotaffectedbythe factthatthefirstaccount ofthemintheHebrewlanguagedescribedthemas "theearthling"(Adam),and its"life-producing"companion(HavahorEve).Nor canwearguefromNew Testamentusagethatthe words"Adam"and"Eve" wereoriginallymeantinthe Hebrewaspropernames. Butifwedonotknowhow

IntheHebrewtext,the wordfor"woman"is"is-theyaddressedeachother, thatisnoreasonwhywe shouldnotspeakofthemas AdamandEve.Everyone knowsthatwhenwedoso. wearreferringtoourfirst

shah,"ofwhichthesound atleastsuggestedafemale counterpartof"ish"which means"man."Inthesecond text,accordingtotheHebrew,shewascalled"havah,"

e parents.

FirstAustralianCardinalAtConclave

OnOctober25,forthefirsttimeinhistoryanAustralian-born Cardinal(HisEminenceCardinalGilroy)willtakepartinthevotingforanewPope,andwillexercisethegreatresponsibilityof helpingtochooseaworthysuccessortothespiritualthroneofSt. Peter.ThenormalinterestofAustralianCatholicstherefore,will beincreasedonthisoccasion.

Thepresentprocedurefor theelectionofaPonemay betracedbacktothe11th century.In1059Pope NicholasIIissuedadecree whichrestrictedthevoting totheCardinals,andthis systemhasremainedsubstantiallythesameever since.

StrictlyspeakingtheCardinalsmaychooseanymale Catholic,evenalayman, whomtheyconsiderworthy oftheoffice.Inactualfact, however,formorethan500 yearsthechoicehas.fallen, ineveryinstance,ononeof theCardinalsthemselves.

ItseemsthatnoPopehas everdirectlydesignatedhis ownsuccessor,andthis givesrisetotheinteresting question-couldthisbe done?Itispossible,they say,foraPopetoappoint aCoadjutorwiththeright ofsuccessiontotheSeeof Rome.

InpracticetheChurchis whatmightbecalledon

electivemonarchy.The spiritualpowers,which Christconfidedtothe Apostles,arepassedonto othersinthesacramentof HolyOrders. One,then,ischosenby voteastheShepherdand RuleroftheseothersinsuccessiontoSt.Peter,who wasdesignatedbyChrist HimselfasthefirstShepherdandRulerofthe Apostles.

TheelectionofaPope takesplaceatwhatis knownasaConclave.The significanceofthiswordis thatthevotingCardinals areunderlockandkey.This hasbeenthepracticefor 800years. ApartoftheVatican Palaceiswalledoff,and15 daysafterthedeathofa Pope,theCardinalsbegin theirwork. Verydramaticallythe wallingoffceremonyindicatestotheworld,andto theCardinalswhoarepar-

OfficialEngagements

October17:

3.30p.m.:Receptionceremony,ConventofMercy, Victoria-sq.

October19: 3p.m.:Confirmation.St. Mary'sCathedral. 4p.m.:Blessandopen extensionstoSt.Brigid's Church,WestPerth,and presideatSolemnHigh Mass.

October26: 11a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMass,St.Mary's Cathedral.

3.30p.m.:Attendannual Eucharisticprocessionat Aquinas.

November2:

3p.m.:Blessandopen pewPresbytery,North Doubleview. I.7.30p.m.:Confirmation tindCanonicalVisitation, Scarborough.

MonsterFete

OnOct.24

Yourattendanceandsupportat"GiganticYouth MovementFete"wouldbe greatlyappreciatedonFriday,Oct.24at7p.m.at CatholicCentre,Victoriasquare.Stallsgalore,fancy goods,cakes,vegetables, poultry,aluminium,pot plants,jams,etc.

Comealongandenjoythe funoftheevening.

11111111111111111111111111llllllllll

ticipating,howhuman andwordlyconsiderations shouldbesetaside,andremovedasfaraspossible fromtheelectionofaPope.

Thevotingtakesplacesin theSistineChapelandisby secretballot.Atwo-thirds plusonemajorityisrequiredforelection.

Untiladecisionisreachedtwoballotsaretaken, morningandevening.

Theoutsideworld,which hasbeensodrasticallyexcludedfromtheproceedings,learnsoftheresultof eachballotbythecolourof thesmokewhichcomes fromtheburningofthe usedballotpapers.Dark smokeindicatesthatno electionhasbeenmade, andwhitesmoketellsthat theChurchhasanother HolyFather.

CardinalGilroyreceivedtheRedHatonFebruary18,1946 imitationofthechanging, inthecaseofthefirstPope, ofhisnamefromSimon, sonofJohn,toPeter.

November4: 9a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMass,St.Charles' Seminary. November9: 9.30a.m.:Confirmation andCanonicalvisitation MorleyPark. 7.30p.m.:Confirmation andCanonicalvisitation,E. Fremantle. November16: 7.30p.m.:Confirmation andCanonicalvisitation. Cottesloe. November23: ConfirmationandCanonicalvisitation,Mandurah.

FixturesFor N.C.G.M.Girls

Trainjngdayforleaders andpresidentsofN.C.G.M. tobeheldatCatholic Centre,Victoria-square, President'ssession10.30 a.m.Leaders2p.m.

Lightningcompetitionfor N.C.G.M.SchoolsCompetitionWindUpofBasketball.

SHEN1ONPARK: NextmeetingOct.22. GeneralCommunionOct. 26at7o'clockMass.Parish picnicNov.2.

LEEDERVILLE: Members'badgespresentedat7.30Mondaynight.

MIDLANDJUNCTION: ConcertpracticeonTuesdayandThursdaynightsat YouthClubat8p.m.

PALMYRA: CakesforstallonFriday atCentre,arewanted.Concertpracticeheldevery Mondaynightat7.30p.m.

Youngpeopleareaskedto joininthefunonsecond SundayofNovemberwhenMidlandY.C.W.and N.C.G.M.arecomingdown.

Attention,Youth!

OnMondayevening,Oct. 20afinalmeetingforthe MonsterFeteonFriday24, starting7p.m.

CWLMeetings

MeetingofExecutiveat CatholicCentre10.30a.m.

NedlandsBranchwill holdacardafternoonon Tuesday,Oct.10at1.30p.m. intheReserveStreetTennis ClubRooms.

Bridgeandcardafternoon atCatholicCentre,Thursday,Oct.23,2p.m.

FeteInHills

KalamundaGardenFete forChurchatMr.Carpene's garden,November2. OpenDayGraylands Teachers'College. AquinasCollegeProcessionofChristtheKing.

WithintheSistineChapel theCardinalsareseatedon thronesoverwhichhang canopies.Ifandwhenone oftheCardinalsreceives therequiredvote,thecanopiesareallloweredexcept theoneoverhisthrone. TheotherCardinalscome beforehimandpaytheir homage.Hisnameisthen announcedtotheworld.

Foraboutonethousand yearsithasbeencustomaryforeachnewPopeto changehisnameafterelection.Thisissaidtobein

ManyConverts

KongKong,Sept.19:The CatholicChurchhererecordedanincreaseof24,236 membersduringthepast yeartocontinuearemarkablepostwarconvertmovementonlyafewmilesfrom CommunistChina.

Acensusjustcompleted bytheChanceryOfficehere revealsthattheCatholic populationofHongKongis now129,652,ariseof23 percent.fromlastyear.

Thisreflectsagrowthof 119,652sincetheendof WorldWarII.Thetotal populationofthiscityis presentlytwoandahalt million.

Usuallythenamewhich ischosenisthenameof someprecedingPopewhose worksandsanctitycommend themselvestothenewPontiff,andwhosepolicies,

ThirdOrder

MembersAt AquinasRally

Thenextmonthlymeeting oftheThirdOrderofSt. Franciswillbeheldon Sunday,Oct.25atAquinas CollegewhentheFraternity willassembletotakeaprt intheprocessioninhonour ofChristtheKing. Theprincipal,staffand students of Graylands Teachers'Collegeextendto youandyourfriendsaninvitationtoattendtheirOpen DayonSunday,Nov.2, 1958,between2p.m.and 5p.m.

Displaysofworkwill representvariousaspectsof teachertraining,inboth academicandpractical fields.Puppetshows,physicaleducationandcraftdemonstrationswillbegiven inthecourseoftheafternoon.

MaywehavethepleasureofshowingyouourcollegeonNov.2?

Ii11111111111=M

perhaps,heintendsto imitate. TheelectionofaPope isofsuchimmenseimportancethatallshouldprayto GodthattheChurchmay beguidedinmakingawise choice.

Intheall-considering ProvidenceofGod,per- hapsthehumbleprayersof thosefarfromtheinevitablediscussionofprospec- tivecandidatesmayhave anincalculableinfluenceon thefinalchoice.

RabbiAndTempleDavidBoard

SendCondolencesForPope

ArchbishopPrendiville, C/oSt.Mary'sCathedral, Perth, TheRabi,Presidentand BoardofTempleDavidcongregationswishtoexpress sympathyonthedeathof PopePiusXII. HisGrace, TheArchbishopofPerth, Dr.Prendiville, Perth,W.A. YourGrace, Idesiretoexpressto YourGraceandallmemllers oftheFaith,deepestsympathies,onbehalfofmy JewisCommunity,inthe grievouslossyouhavesustainedinthepassingofHis Holiness,PopePiusXII,.of hallowedmemory.

Apreciousjewelthathas beenvouchsafedtoyour Faithforsomanyyears,has beenrenderedbacktoour FatherinHeaven,pureand unsullied.

Thepassingofthissaintly giantofthespirit,isnot merelyalosstotheFaithful,butisablowtomenof

goodwilltheworldover.As aRabbi,Irecallwithpride andreverence,theclarion callofHisHolinessto rescue,relieveandsuccour, thoseengulfedbytheNazi fury,andmorespecifically, theJewishvictims.Somany therebetodayhappily settledinallfreecountries oftheworld,whoowetheir lifeandwell-beingtothe HolyFather,whoalways"watched,workedanddid notslumber"onbehalfof thedistressed.

Wemayneverknowhow muchHumanityowestothe untiringstruggleofHis HolinessagainstCommunismandgodlessmaterialIsm:toHisforthrightutterancesonmattersofpublicconcern,andtoHis leadershipandguidancein thebesettingproblemsof ourgeneration.

WepraythatDivineConsolationbeyours.

Yoursverysincerely,

L.

RUBINZACKS, Rabbi,Perth.

PopePiusXIIReceivedMembers01ComplementofHMASMelbourne

ProdigiousCombinationOfSaintAndScholar

WhathasbeensaidinthePressandspokenovertheairwithsucheloquence,andevenmagnificence,ofthelife,characterand workofPopePiusXIIisprimarilytributetothethingswhich'cannotbeseenoruttered.Theacclaimwhichhasattendedthedeath oftheHolyFatherhastakennocognisanceoftheinwardnessofthatextraordinarymanbutitsinarticulatenessisitselfevidenceof thehiddenspringswhichcausehimtobehailednotonlyasheadoftheCatholicChurch,butastheFatherof'Christendom,the CommonFatherindeed.

WhenEugeniePacelliwaselevatedVicarofChrist in1939,thevoicesofthetyrantsofthetime,rememberinghiseminenceinthesphereofdiplomacy, shoutedraucouslythatnowindeedtheChurchhadfor Heada"politicalPope."WhenEugenioPacelliwent tohiswell-meritedrestonOctober9,nosinglevoice ofanimositywasraisedagainsthiminalltheworld.

ForthetruthofthematteristhateveryPopeisa -politicalPope"inthesensethattheChurch,being co-extensiveintimeandspace,mustneedsmakeprovisionforthetemporalities.ItisindeedtheMystical BodyofChrist,butitmustoperateintheworldof matter.Itisavisible,tangiblerealitywhoseoperationsarehelpedorhinderedbythepoliticaland socialordersinwhichitmustwork.

OfPopePiusXIIitmaybesaidthattherewas neveraless"politicalPope"reigningfromPeter's Chair,inthesensethat"political"isemployedto meanunduepre-occupationwiththemerelyephemeralandthequestforpower.NoPontiffinthelong historyoftheChurcheverappliedmoreobviously andtogreatereffecttheprinciplesoftheSermonon theMounttointernationaldiplomacy.Heknewand understoodprofoundlythegreatevents,thepersonalitiesofpower,theradicalcausesoftheworld's unease.Buthewasnotdeceivedbythefaceof things.Inaworldwhichallmensaidfacedirreparableruin,PopePiussawthesignsofanewspringtime.HespokeoftheHolyYearof1950astheyear ofthe"greatreturn."Intheloweringdarknessof atomicthreatsandunbridledhatredhesawtheSpirit

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"Lookyounger liveLonger"

ofGodmovinginscrutablyovertheearthtorenew andrestoreallthingsinmen'sdespite. IthasbeensaidonallsidesthatPiuspre-occupationwaspeace,butthathispeaceeffortsfailed.That istrueonlyifonelooksforpeaceintheoutward seemingofthings.OnhiselectionthePopetookfor hismotto:"PeaceistheworkofJustice."Andjusticebeforeitmanifestsitselfinvisiblearrangements ofstablepoliticsandequitablesocietiesmustmean therightorderoftheinteriorlivesofindividuals. ThatwaspreciselythetasktowhichtheHolyFather bentallhisenergies;itisthematterinwhichhesucceededbeyondthewildestdreams.

Todeepen,towiden,toillumeandstrengthenthe spirituallivesofhis500million-strongflockandof menofgoodwillineveryfaithandnone-thatwas

EDITORIAL

thesuperbaimofhispontificate.Andashesaid inreplytoStalin'ssneerabouthislackofbattalions, "hisson,Josef"maynowhavemethisdivisionsin heaven.

Fourentireyearsofthepontificate,whichlasted almosttwodecadesweredevotedtoacorporate RetreatoftheentireChurch-theHolyYearof1950 (extendedthroughoutthewholeof1951),theMarian Yearof1953andthecurrentLourdesCentenary Year.BythedefinitionofthedogmaoftheAssumptionofOurLadythePopegaveaprodigiousfilipto whatwasalreadygenerallydevelopingintoaMarian Age. ThePontiffinwhomthevenerationfortradition wassoadmirablyblendedwithanadmirationfor modernneedsandachievementsrestoredto,the ChurchtheancientobservanceoftheEasterVigil.

HemadeitpossibleforCatholicseverywheretoshare inthevivid,life-givingliturgywhichcommemorates thegreatdramaofthePassionandResurrectionof Christ.

BythemitigationoftheEucharisticfastandthe extensionofEveningMasses,PiusXIIcompletedthe greatworkinauguratedbyhisillustriouspredecessor, PiusX(whomitwashisglorytoraisetothealtars). HebroughttheBlessedEucharistunprecedentedly withinthereachofall.Thefrequentationofthe otherSacramentswasvivifiedbyhisgrantingin variouspartsoftheworldpermissiontoemploythe vernacularinpartsofthebaptismalandmarriage liturgy.ForthepriestsoftheChurchherevisedthe recitationoftheDivineOffice.

HenceitisnotastonishingthatPiusXIIasapersonalityevokedinallwhomethimtheimpression ofprofoundholiness.Heseemedtoexudemoral power.Hisgoodnesswasalmostatangiblething,as indeedhischaritywastocountlessmillions.He representedEuropenmanathisultimate.

Itis,ofcourse,moreimportantthattheChurch shouldproducesaintsratherthanscholars.Thatit shouldproducebothinonepersonisprodigious.And whenthatrarecombinationisdevelopedinonewho

representsChristonearththeeffectisinevitablyprofound.TosaythatthepersonalsanctityofPiusXII wasmatchedbythequalityofhisintellectistomake aclaimofthewidestpretensions.Yetitwouldappeartobesubstantiallytrue.TowhatPopePiusXI describedashis"pentecostalgiftoftongues"was addedthewidestanddeepesteruditionoverarange ofsubjectswhichisbaffling.Whenoneconsiders that,inthelastyearofhislife-agedandailinghedeliverednofewerthan98lengthydiscourses, rangingfrombee-keepingtopsychoanalyticmethods, someinklingishadofthequalityofhismind.

Hewasparexcellencetheteacher.Noprevious Popeexercisedsodirectlyandsooftenthesupreme magisteriumwhichisvestedintheRomanPontiff. Unprecedentedlyheinvitedthequestionsofmedical specialistsandothersataudiencesandsolvedcases ofconscienceonthespot.Thiswasaradicaldeparturefromtheproceduresofthepastandreduced theroleofthetheologiantoitsproperplaceofsubordination.PiusXIIwasvividlyconsciousofhisdivine teachingcommissionanddefendeditonmanyoccasions,particularlyagainstthepretensionsoflay theologians.Hethusopenedupvastnewvistasof theologicalresearchandspeculation.

Soitisthatthegriefoftheworldatthedeathof astupendousmanissublimatedbythememoryof hisuniversalexcellence.ForCatholicsitisnotso muchatimeofprayingforthereposeofhissoulas ofseekinghisintercessioninthecourtsofHeaven. For,withoutanticipatingthejudgmentoftheChurch, wemayhopewithoutlongdelaytoseehisnameinscribedinthecalendaroftheSaints.

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THERECORD

Thursday,October16,1958

PAGETEN_

Posty'sWhistle

Deargirls,boysand tmies:Thereisonethought inallourminds,thePope. HediedthismorningasI writethis,andweareall prayingforhim,thoughI amsurethathedoesnot needprayers.

Hegavehislifeforusin away,ashealwaysput everyonewhocametosee himbeforehimself.Greater lovethanthisnomanhas, thathelaydownhislifefor hisfriends.

ThisPopewasspeciallya People'sPopeandaChildren'sPope.Helovedlittle children,andinallthings heencouragedthemtocome tohim.Hefoundedcamps fortheunderprivilegedchildrenofRomeasItoldyou sometimeago,andontwo occasionshesentlargegifts oftoystothehospitals wherethereweresadlittle poorchildrenwhowere orphans.

RosaryForPope

Ihavefoundyouastory ofhisseeingalittleboy fromSwedenwholoved Popesandtheirhistory.I wonder,children,howmany ofyourcouldanswerallthe questionsthatthelittleboy answered.

Thenyourememberhow

kindhewastoRedSkelton'sson.Itisverywonderfultothinkthatinhis busylife,amidalltheturbulentwarsandworriesthat hehad,hestillfoundtime toseelittlechildren,and gavethemal]hisattention.

Sayyourrosaryforhim allthismonth,children.

Love, AUNTMOLLIE

Boxhorn&Wilson ManufacturingJewellers andWatchmakers

191WILLIAMST.,PERTH Phone281484. Repairstoallmakesof Watches,Clocksand Jewellery.

SwedishProtestantLadKnew

AllAboutHistoryOfThePopes

ASwedishboymadehistoryrecentlyby winningaTVquizwithhisknowledgeofour Popes.ItwasaremarkablefeatinacountrythatisnotCatholic.

HaakonJosepson of StockholmattractednationwideattentiononatelevisionprogrammeinJune whenheappearedontheir programme"Doubleor Nothing."

ChoosingthestrangesubjectofthePapacyashis quizsubjecthewonthe muchcovetedprizeof10,000 Swedishcrowns (£940) afteransweringcorrectly eightquestionsaboutpopes. Addedtothemoneywas atriptoRomewherethe highlightofhisbrieffourdayvisitwasavisittothe Vaticanandanaudience withHisHolinessPopePius XII.

TheHolyFatherspoke forseveralminutestothe youngboyandshowedgreat interestinhisstrangehobby of"collectingPope'shistory."

"Itisanunusualhobby, continueitwithourblessing,"saidthePope.

Sogreatwastheinterest arousedbytheladandhis

readyanswers,thatanoffer camefromNewYorkto himtoappearinaqualifyingroundofthe64,000dollarquiz.Withhisparents' consentyoungJosephwent toAmerica.Ihavenot caughtupwithhisstory there.

Popes'Quiz:

(1)WhichpopewasimprisonedinCastelSant' Angeloduringthesackof Romeandwasfreedupon paymentofaransom! (ClementVII,1523-34;2).

WhichpopetooktheinitiativeofthefirstCrusade? (UrbanII,1088-99).

(3)Whichpopeallowed CharlemagnetobecrownedonChristmasDayinSt. Peter's?

(LeoIII,795-816).

(4)Whichpopefounded theSistineChapelandwas alsoinvolvedintheconspiracyagainstLorenzode Medici? (SixtusIV,1471-84).

(5)WhichpopeexcommunicatedSavonarolaansi causedthisreformertobe hangedandburnedasa heretic? (AlexanderVI,14921505).

(6)Whichpope'stroops defeatedthoseofEmperor FrederikIIatParma? (InnocentIV,1243-54).

(7)Whichpopewasthe subjectofafamouspaintingbyTitianandratified theconstitutionsofthe Jesuitorder? (PaulIII,1534-49).

(8)Whichpope,under whosepontificatethedogma ofpapalinfallibilitywas proclaimed,voluntarilytook thepositionofbeinga "prisonerintheVatican" aftertheunificationof Italy?

(PiusIX,1846-1878).

* *

FromHeaven

DearHolyFatherblessus now, Fromyourbrighthome above, AndaskOurLordtomake usall ThevesselsofHislove.

TheyHelped TeleviseMass

Onehundredpupilsof St.Jamesschool,Burnt Oak,London,interrupted theirvacationtoreturnto schoolandhelpgivealessonontheMasstotelevisionviewers.

Thesceneopenedwith anemptyhall.Thenthe childrenentered,setthemselvesupanaltar,and madeallthepreparations forMasstobesaidbyFr. MichaelHollings.

Twoboysreadthe epistleandgospelafteran openingpsalmhadbeen sung.TheTVcameras concentratedonclose-ups ofthepriestatMass,and onthedescriptionofhis actionsatthealtar.

Itwasafirstmoveinthis directionandtheobjectof thetelecastwasexperimentalaswellasreligious.

IfthereactionoftheTV audienceisfavourablethe Masswillberepeated. Childrenaroundtheworld haveabigparttoplayin CatholicAction.

FeastDays

St.Peter'sDominican School, BedfordPark.

AmericanFootballTeam

ThankedOurLadyForWin

(Editor'sNote:LastNov.1

16,CoachTerryBrennan's! NotreDamefootballteam electrifiedthesportsworld bydefeatingamightyOklahomateamthathadwon 47consecutivegames.The nextdaynewspapersacross thenationreportedindetail theactiononthefield.But theydidn'treportanimpressivescenethattook placeintheNotreDame dressingroomimmediately afterthegame-beforethe doorswereopenedtoreporters.JoeBride,ofthe NotreDamesportspublicity departmentdesbribesthat sceneinthefollowingarticle whichappearedintheNotre Dame"Scholastic.")

ByJoeBride

Thegamewasover.The usuallydryOkieterrainwas moistwiththerainofWednesdayandthetearsofthe 11,000Soonerstudents.

Theystoodinthestands foralongtime.Mostof themhadneverseentheir heroeslose.Theystamped theirfeetnervously,punchedeachothertoseeifit wastrue,andevencrieda little. Afterawhiletheyambled slowlyoutofthestadium andaroundtotheirteam's lockerroom.

Underthestands,across thefieldfromtheOklahoma pressbox-thesideofthe standsyousawonyourTV screen-inalockerroom usedbytheSoonersquad duringtheweekitwasjust asquiet.

PrayerAfterGame playersinsweatywhitejerseysandgoldpants,one footballplayerinacharcoalgraysuitandfive coacheskneltdowntopray.

PatrickBrennangotoffhis kneesandspoketohisteam. "Ican'tthankyouenough Youknowwhatthisvictory meanstome,toyou,and toNotreDame.I'llneverbe abletoforgetthisgameor thisteam."

Theteamcheeredthe coachandstartedsmiling andhuggingeachother. Eachoftheassistant coaches,BernieCrimmins, whoscoutedtheSoonersto defeat;HenryStram,who camefromanappendicitis operationonWednesday morningtobethere;Bill Fischer,whoseruggeddefenseblankedtheSooners; andBernieWitucki,who coachedatTulsaUniversity thelasttimehewasin Oklahoma,madeashort speech.

AsCoachChimmins(he oftheboomingvoiceonthe practicefield)spoke,the playersaskedhimtospeak upsotheycouldhearhim.

Whentheywerefinished, theplayersvotedthegame balltoCoachFitucki.Ashe acceptedithewasstanding infrontofablackboard, usedbyCoachBrennanto diagramtheplaysofthe Soonersatthehalf.

Oneoftheplayershad writtenonit:"Wecameto Oklahomatowin.Wedid. Don'tforgettothankOur LordandBlessedLady."

PriestFliesTo

FlindersIsland

DearAuntMollie,-Iam tenandIamingradeV. Wehavelotsofpaintingat schoolandweenjoyitvery much. Wearelookingforwardto thebigfeastdaysthatare coming.WehaveOurLady ofMt.Carmel'sfeaston July16andSt.Dominic's dayonAugust4andinbetweenisSister'sfeastday. Good-byenow.Every prayerandbestwishfrom SUZANNEBUCK.

EveryweektheIrish dedicatethefootballgame totheBlessedMother,hopingthatnoonewillbehurt seriously.Thisweekthe gamewasdedicatedtoOur SorrowfulMother.There wasnothoughtofrejoicing untilthethreeHailMarys andtheshortejaculation, "SorrowfulMother,Prayfor us,"weresaid.

Thefootballplayerinthe graysuitledthem.Hewas EdSullivan,teamco-captain.Aninjuredanklepreventedhimfrommakingthe trip,butheflewdownanyway.Hiscomingmusthave helped. Theprayerwasover,but theplayersstilldidn'tbreak outincheers.Terrence

Hobart,Sept.29.-FlindersIsland,betweenTasmaniaandthemainlandof Australia,isalotcloserto theChurchthanitusedto be.ApriestintheArchdioceseofHobarthasqualifiedforapilot'slicenseand canflytotheislandin80 minutes.

FatherR.Donnellyreceivedhispilot'slicenserecentlyafterseveralmonths' training.Thenheflewa rentedplanetoFlinders Islandwhereheservedthe spiritualneedsofCatholic residents.Hehadtostay ontheislandforseveral weekswaitingfortheseato calmsufficientlyforatakeoffonthereturntrip.

FatherDonnellyisthe onlypriestinthearchdiocesewithapilot's license.

"Everyoneknowsthatthe VicarofChristloveschildrenandwantstomake themhisfriends,andifit werepossible,thePope wouldcomedownamongyou tospeakwitheachofyou andplacehishandinblessingonyourheads,with greatandtenderaffection. (PopePiusXIItoelementaryschoolchildrenin Rome,May2,1954).

TheWorldneedsprayers, Weaddourown, Thoughlowlytheymaybe Weaskyourintercession now. Thewhileweprayforthee. -M.A.

4'

PeterAndPals

WriteForUs

St.Peter'sDominican School, BedfordPark. DearAuntMollie,-Some ofuswillsendyouinsome storieswehavewritten. Iam84andIamin gradeIV.Wedolotsof paintingatschoolandwe enjoyitverymuch. Wearepractisinghard forsportsday.Iamin Blue.

LastyearBluewonthe shield.Sisterhaspromised ussportsonherfeastday. Good-byenow. Everyprayerandbest wishfrom Yourlovingfriend, PETERWALTON.

Thursday,-October16,1958

BloodOfSt.JanuariusAgain

LiquefiedOnHisFeastDay

Naples,Italy,Sept.20.-The"standing miracle"oftheliquefactionofwhatisbelievedtobethebloodofSt.Januariustook placeonthefeastofthesaint-thebelovedSanGennarooftheNeapolitans.

Theallegedbloodofthe saint,noimanycakedand dried,ispreservedinaglass phialinasidechapelof theNaplescathedral.

Onthemorningofthe saint'sfeast,September19, thecontentsofthephialbecameliquidafterthepriests andfaithfulwereatprayer for10minutes.

Januarius,whowas BishopofBenevento,sufferedduringthepersecution ofDiocletian.Heissaidto havebeenbeheaded,togetherwithsixofhisfaithful,atPozzuoli-avillage about10milesfromNaples -intheyear305.

Localtraditionholdsthat thesaint'srelicswere broughtbacktoNaples withinadecadeafterhis death-whenConstantine accordedpeacetothe Church.Movedaboutfrom timetotimeduringthe Normaninvasions,they wereeventuallyreturnedto Naplesin1497.

Recordshereindicatethat theprodigyoftheliquefactionhasoccurredwith regularityinthemorethan 400yearssincethen.

Onthreespecialoccasions everyyear,thephialis broughtoutandheldinthe presenceofwhatisbelieved tobetheremainsofthe

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martyr'sdead.Withfew recorded liquefactionexceptions,the phenomenon hasrecurredthriceannually.

Therearetwophials. Oneishalfemptydueto thefactthatpartofthe relicwasgiventoKing PhilipVofSpaininthe 18thcenturyandiskeptin Madrid;thesamephenomenonissaidtotakeplacein Madridatthetimeitoccurs here.

Peoplearepermittedto witnesstheoccurrenceonly byinvitation,asthesmall chapeloftherelicswillnot holdthelargecrowdthat fillsthecathedralonthe threedays-theSaturday beforethefirstSundayin May,whichistheanniversaryofthetransferofthe; relicstoNaples;September 19,thesaint'sfeastdayand December16,theanniversaryofthededicationof Naplesunderthepatronof St.Januarius.

WitnessOf"Aunts"

Headingthewitnessesin thefirstrowinthechapel areagroupofpoorwomen knownasthe"auntsofSt. Januarius."

Thespecialceremonyprefacingtheliquefactionbeginswiththerecitationofa litanyinthesaint'shonour.

Normallytheliquefaction takesplacewhilethisisbeingsaid.

Thereligiousceremonyis punctuatedbytheNeapolitansthemselves,who,with theirownmannerofdevotion,shoutencouragement totheirsaint.

THERECORD

TheySaidTheAngelusWithThePope

(ByMgr.JohnT.McMahon)

ThedaywasgloriousinOctobersunshine aswelefttheIrishFranciscanCollegeof SanlisilorobycarforthePope'ssummer villaatCastelgondolfa.Leavingthecrowdedcity,andRomeisgrowing.toorapidly,we spedthroughgrovesofolivetreesladen withtheblackfruit.Everywherethetidy handoftheItalianwasapparentinthewell caredforfarmandhomestead.

Climbingthehillsthe highwallsoftheVilla loomedaheadandthen throughtheentranetothe courtyardwheretheSwiss Guardsintheirbrilliant coloursgaveusasaluteof welcome.Uptotheaudiencefloorinaliftandthere weenjoyedthemanybeautifulworksofartthatadorn thespacioushalls.Covering onewallisapaintingofSt. CatherineofSiennaappearingbeforePopeGregoryIX atAvignontoadvisehimto leavehisexileandreturn toRomeatonce.Thesaint, wearingtheDominican habit,barefeet,standsthere asifsheknewhercommissionwasfromonhigh.

ThePopesitsuncertainly whitethesaintassureshim thathemustreturn.Itis amasterlyinterpretation thisintrepidandcourageous womanwhojourneyedto Avignonandremainedthere untilherrequestwas granted.

Thetimepassedquickly admiringtheotherpaintings andobjectsofartwhich decoratedthethreehalls thatledintothePope'sprivaterooms.Ofcoursewe didasmostdo,andhadour photostakenwiththeSwiss Guards,whoarevery charmingyoungmen,well oversixfeet,fair-haired andred-checked,carryingtheirgorgeousuniformwith greatdignity.Atlastthe M.C.cametoannouncethe HolyFather.Therewasa hush,andalastminute arrangementoftheobjects wehadbroughtforhis blessing.

outanysignofhurryto whatwassaidtohim,and thenblessedtheperson havingknelttokissthe ring.Hehasbeautiful hands,taperingfingers,a quicksmile,andpiercing eyesthatseemtolook throughone. Atlasthecametome. ItoldhimIwasfromAustralia."Ah,fromAustralia,"hesaid,asifhewere singingthenamewithtenderness.Itoldhimofthe Bushies'Schemeandasked forhisspecialblessingon thatworkandonallwho helpeditinanyway.

"ItisGod'swork,"he said,"andIgivemyvery specialblessingtoit."

Iaskedhimtoblessmy ownparishinSouthPerth andmyownfriendsand relatives.Igavehimthe cordialgreetingsofour Archbishop.Againheraisedhishandinblessing.He wassogracious,sorestful, onefeltthatitwasnotjust aformality,butthatthe FatherofChristendomwas gladtomeet,andwelcome oneofhischildrenfrom suchadistance.Helistened carefullytomyEnglish whichIspokeveryslowly, andseemedtoenjoy answeringmeinEnglish.

onepresent,weallknelt downandthenthrowingout hisarms,heraisedhiseyes toheavenandgaveusthat all-embracingblessingofa lovingFather.Justthenthe Angelusbellrang,anddown onhiskneeswenttheHoly FathertorecitetheAngelus inLatinwhichweallanswered,awonderfulexperiencetokneelaschildren whileourPopeprayedwith us.AttheendoftheAngelusherepeatedthree timestheinvocationGloria Patri,andeachtimehe raisedhiseyestothe BlessedTrinity.Alonglingeringsmilebadeusadieu. HeturnedwhiletheChamberlainputthewhitemosettaaroundhisshoulders, andthenwalkedbriskly aheadofhisattendants.

UpliftInPresence

Hisvoicewassoft,apray- erfultone.Therewasno doubtaboutthespirituality ofourPope,itshone outofhim,andone feltanupliftinhis presence.Toseeandspeak totheVicarofChriston earthisagreatprivilege.

Tobeinthesameroomas theSpiritualFatheroffive

hundredmillionwholook tohimforguidanceinall thingsthatleadtoHeaven wassomethingtoremember always.Thattall,active, asceticmaninwhitehad thecareofalltheChurches. Heknowswhatishappen- inginthecountriesof Europewhichwereoncethe prideandjoyoftheFaith, andknowingall,yetheis notdespondent,forhislife livesthosewordswhichnow encircletheBasilicaofSt. Peter:"Ihaveprayedfor thee,Peter,andwiththat faithmyprayerhaswon forthee,confirmthybrethren."Therewashopeand confidenceinhismienand manner,fordeepandstrong asthefoundationsofSt. Peter'swashisfaith.Hewas aRomanwiththepatienceandforebearanceofhis proudcity,whichhasseen somuchandlearnedso muchfromthepassing pageantofhistory,thatnothingreallydisturbedhim forallwillpassexceptthe wordsofChristtohispredecessor:"ThouartPeter anduponthisrockIwill buildmyChurch,andthe gatesofhellshallnotprevailagainstthee."

EXPERTREALESTATESERVICE

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VALUATIONS:WeareSwornValuersandcaroffer acompletevaluationservice.

VACANTLAND:Wespecialiseinhomesitesinall suburbs.ChoicelotsavailableinScarboroughand DoubleViewfrom£100deposit.

Hehadaveryyouthful figure,tall,leanandfitand hisstephadthespringofa manmuchyoungerthanhe is.Romewasamazedwith thealacritywithwhichhe mountedthestepsofthe PapalAltaratSt.Peter's. Hewasthatrarecombination,asaintandascholar.Havingspokentoeach

Hewalkedinbehindhis Chamberlains,quick-footed,

Assoonastheliquefactionoccurs,thebellsofthe cathedralbeginringing. Churchesthroughoutthe citytakeuptheanthem. ThenboatsinNaplesharbourblowtheirwhistlesand thefaithfulthroughout Naplesjoininthejubilant celebrationwiththeirown noise-makers. atall,asceticfigurein white,wearingcrimsonembroideredshoeswithlittle

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goldtassels.Wewereasked notto thekneel.Hebeganwith firstofourgroup,spoke afewwords,listenedwith-

MusicReform

Rome,Sept.19:Members oftheItalianSt.Cecilia spreadandpreservationof Society,interestedinthe sacredmusic,havecalled

BUILDING:WeareRegisteredBuilders(ClassA) andspecialiseinnewhomesoneasyterms.Inspect ourmodernfive-roomed,tiledroof,brickhomesat DoubleView. Thesehomesarecompletewithmoderncolour schemesgleamingKitchenandBathroom,Laminextoppedcupboards,ElectricStove,TiledShowerrecess,HotWaterSystemandeverymodernfitting necessaryforhomecomfort.Price(includingland) £3,750.Deposit£975.Easyweeklypayments. Inspectionstosuityourconvenience.

ofItaly's dioceseshavepublisheda specificbanforbiddingthe playingofnon-religious musicinchurch.

"Romanticchamber music,"thereportsaid, "hasnothingincommon withliturgicalmusic.In certainplaces,musicby Gounod,ShumannandChopinhasactuallybeenplayed inchurchonrecords,which constitutesadoubleerror," itcontinued.

HisEminenceGaetano CardinalCicognani,Prefect oftheRitesCongregation, presidedattheopeningassemblyofthesocietywhich hadasitstheme"Sacred MusicandParticipationin theMassAccordingtothe EncyclicalMusicaeSacrae Disciplina."

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Large

InFebruary,1950,PopePiusXIIreceivedan audiencedelegatestotheInternationalConvention oftheCatholicPressmeetinginVaticanCity.He addressedthemontheimportanceoftheCatholic Pressinformingpublicopinion.

Amongthemostimportantoftheseeventswere theeightcanonisationsandeightbeatificationsinSt. Peter's.Therewerealsointernationalcongressesof Catholicscholars,missionaries,journalists,musicians andmanyothergroupsaswellasexhibitioninsuch fieldsasChurchart,architectureandliterature.In additiontotheeventsinRome,numerousHolyYear observanceswereheldinothercitiesthroughoutthe world.

PiusUnderscoredHoliness,Universality OfTheChurch InManyWays

problems.HecitedtheChurch'sinterestinsuch topicsassocialproblems,thelicitnessofwarandthe evilsortotalitarianismasexamplesofitsconcern withthemoralaspectsoftemporalmatters.

Latein1954theHolyFathersufferedarecurrence ofhisillnessandwasorderedbyhisphysiciansto takeacompleterest.Onceagainheralliedand, althoughobligedtoforegomostofhisusualChristmas activities,hewasstrongenoughtobroadcastabrief Christmasmessageandalsotoblessfromhiswindow thecrowdthathadgatheredinSt.Peter'sSquare. ItwaslaterrevealedthatduringhisillnessinDecember,1954,heexperiencedavisionofChrist.

HighlightoftheHolyYearwasthePope'sproclamationofthedoctrineoftheAssumptionofOurLady. ItwasthefirstPapaldefinitionofadogmasincePius IX'sproclamationoftheImmaculateConceptionin 1854.Themostrecentpreviousdoctrinetobeadded tothebodyofdefinedtruth-Papalinfallibility-had beenproclaimedbytheVaticanCouncilin1870.

OnChristmasEve,1950,theHolyYearcametoan end.ButthenextdaythePopeextendedittothe entireworld.Catholicsofallnationsweregivena chancetogaintheHolyYearindulgencesin1951 withoutgoingtoRome-bymakingapilgrimageto churchesintheirowndiocesesdesignatedbytheir Bishop.

Latein1952,bywhichtimetheCollegeofCardinalshadfallento46members,PiusXIIcalledthe secondconsistoryofhisreign.Heelevated24prelatesfrom12nationstotherankofCardinal,thus bringingtheSacredCollegeuptoitsfullstrength of70forthefirsttimeinsome250years.

Followingthe1953consistorymorecountrieshada Cardinalthaneverbeforeinhistory.FournationsColombia,Ecuador,IndiaandYugoslavia-weregiven theirfirstCardinals.Twoofthenewmembers,CardinalStepinacandCardinalWyszynski,wereunable tocometotheconsistorybecauseofCommunistpersecutionofreligionintheirhomelands.PiusXII,who hadalreadynamedmoreAmericanstobeCardinal thananyotherPope,gavetheUnitedStatesstill another,thefirsttorepresentaWestCoastSee.

AfewdaysprevioustotheconsistorytheHoly Fatherhadissuedahistory-makingdecreegranting limitedpermissionforeveningMasseseverywherein theworld,andliberalisingtheEucharisticfast.Among theotherliturgiicalinnovationsintroducedbyPius XIIwastherevivaltheancientEastervigilservice.

1951aftercenturiesofnonobservance.

AtaboutthistimeHisHolinessshowedaremarkabelrangeofknowledgeintalkshegavetodifferent groupsgatheredinRomeforconventions.Withinthe spaceofafewweekshegavesome25speecheson profssionalorsimilartopicstosilkmanufacturers, winegrowers.merchants,statisticians,goldsmiths, navigators,engineers,bankers,foundrymenand others.

Earlyin1954thePopebecameill,butbothbefore hisillnessandafterhisslowrecoveryhecontinued hisstrenuouswork.Inadditiontoradioaddressesto anumberofnationalMariancongresses,hecontinued tospeaktoprofessionalandothergroupsthroughout theyearonsuchsubjectsaspopulationproblems, medicineandmedicalethics,thepress,education. tailoring,moderntechnology,radioandtelevision.In Junehespokeinfivelanguagesinanaddressclosing thefirsttelecastinEuropeoveraninternationalTV hookup.Television,hesaid,shouldserveasa "symbolandpromise"ofEuropeanunity.

InAugust,1954,itwasannouncedthatattherequestoftheAmericanHierarchytheHolyFatherhad permittedtheuseofEnglishinsteadofLatininthe UnitedStatesincertainsectionsoftheceremoniesof baptism,marriage,ExtremeunctionandotherSacraments.

Inproclaiming1954aMarianYear-tomarkthe 100thanniversaryofthedefinitionofthedogmaof theImmaculateConception-PiusXIIsoughtto fostergreaterdevotiontotheMotherofGod.The purposewasnottoattractpilgrimstoRome,butto stimulatereligiouslifeeverywhereandpraytothe BlessedVirginforpeace.

OutstandingeventsoftheMarianYearinRome werethecanonisationofSt.PiusXonMay28,and offiveothernewsaintsonJune12,andtheproclamationofthefeastoftheQueenshipofMarybythe PopeinOctober.

InJanuary,1955,inhisregularChristmasmessage -delayedbecauseofhisillness-HisHolinesswrote onhisownpontificateandsaidthathesawworkfor peaceashisspecialmissionfromGod.

DuringtheensuingmonthsthePontiffgradually resumedhisregularactivities.OnApril3hepresided atthebeatificationceremonesfor56martyrsofthe BoxerRebellion;onMay29,thebeatificationofFather MarcellinChampagnat;onJune19,thebeatification of19martyrsoftheFrenchRevolution.

InaMayDayaddresstoItalianworkersheinstitutedthenewfeastofSt.JosephtheWorker.In June,speakingbeforerepresentativesoftheItalian filmindustry,heagainwarnedthatthemovieswere subjecttocensorshipbytheChurchandpublic authorities.InDecemberhebroadcastaspecialmessagetotheUnitedStatesontheoccasionofthesilver jubileeoftheCatholicHourradioprogrammeofthe NationalCouncilofCatholicMen.Inthesamemonth heissuedtheRestoredLiturgicalOrderforHoly WeekandanencyclicalonSacredMusic.

His6,000-word1955ChristmasMessageonPeace exhortedChristianstobuildupahumansociety"in whichmen'ssecurityrestsuponthemoralorder."

InJanuary,1956,beforeanaudienceofseveral hundreddoctors,PopePiusXIIdelivereda5,000wordaddressinwhichhegavemoralapprovaltoa newpsychologicalmethodofnatural,painlesschildbirth.

(ConcludedonPage16)

Twiceduring1954theHolyFathergavemajor addressesontheeverrecurringthemeofhisPontificate-peace.InhisEasterradiomessagehecalled forinternationalagreementstooutlawatomic.biologicalandchemicalwarfare.Inthefallheagain appealedtonationstodoeverythingintheirpower toavertatomicwar,sayingthat"therecanbeno doubtthattounleashitwithoutajustcausewould constituteacrimeworthyofthemostseverenational andinternationalsanctions."

Earlierintheyear,receiving350prelatesinspecial audience,HisHolinesshadnotedthattheBishops alonearethedivinelyappointedteachersofthe Church.Priestsandlaytheologians,hesaid,share thisauthorityonlyinsofarastheyhaveamandate fromtheirBishops.InNovember,attheendofthe InternationalMarianCongressinRome,hewarned againstthefalseideaofthe"priesthoodofthelaity." Hetookastrongpositionagainsttheerrorthatwould limittheauthorityofBishopstostrictlyreligious

LatePopeAndPetGoldfinch,Gretel. Hepermitteditsusein

NewChapelAtSaintLouis SchoolHasUnusualDesign.

166PalmerstonStreet

are

AnewschoolchapelatSt.Louis'JesuitSchool,Claremont,was officiallyblessedandopenedwithfullritualbyHisGracethe ArchbishoponthemorningofOctober12,whenacrowdof400 attendedMass,manyreceivingHolyCommunion.

Uniqueinmanyfeatures,itwasdesignedbySummerhayesandAssociates,Architects,butmostofthe designingandplanningwastheworkofGeoffrey Summerhayes.Reflectingmanyoftheideashebrought backwithhimfromhiscontinentaltrip,itwasconstructedbyP.T.MurphyPty.Ltd.

Designedtoseat260,thechapelhasabrickwallon theclassroomsidetoblanketthenoiseandkeepout thesun.Aglasswalltothesouthgivesnaturalventilationandlight.

Naturalmaterialwasusedeverywhere.Cream brickswithexposedaggregateinwhiteconcreteform thecolumns,fashionedinasbestos.

Specialfeatureofthebuildingisthewindowless sanctuarywithaskylightoverthealtarobscuredby abaldachinobelowtheglassspire.

ScholarsHaveWonDistinction

Thealtarisaslabofmarblewithcantileversoff bothsidesfromacentralsupport.Aboveithangs asuspendedcrossofwoodfacedwithredandgold mosaicfashionedbyGeoffSummerhayes.Thefigure wassculpturedbyMargaretPriest.

WoodfromBorneo,calledPacificMaple,hasbeen usedinthepredieux,benches,etc.

Unusuallightingisaspecialfeatureofthechapel withmodernsparkleeffectontheceilingatnight. Beautifulhand-paintedstainedglasswindowsarea featureofthesidechapel.Thewholebuildingis seatedonaplatformofpavement.

TheJesuitscametoWesternAustraliain1938when theirschoolwasopenedbytheV.Rev.Austin Kelly,S.J.,nowsuperioroftheAustralianJesuit MissioninIndia.

Theschoolwasestablishedwithanenrolmentof 40boysandhasgrownsteadily,thescholarshaving wondistinctioninmanyfieldsandgainedseveral universityhonours.

Thebuildingofthechapel,whichisinSpanish missionstyle,isalong-fulfilledwishthathasat lastcometrue.Twocoppercrossesateachendof thebuildinggiveitadistinctivetouch. ,1,,,,,,11111,1111,1111,11,,,IIIllllll1111111111111111111111111111111llllllllll111111111111111111111111111111111

WhiteAnts EXTERMINATED

LatePope'sBroadCultureAnd WideRangeOfHumanInterests

VaticanCity,-TheRertaissancePopesas silkmanufacturers,theroleoffeltinmakingpaper,ancientLatinpoetrydescribing winegrowing,thecloserelationsbetween merchantsandmissionaries,theproblems ofnavigationandtheartofgoldsmithsand silversmiths.

Alloftheseunusualand astonishinglyvariedtopics -aswellasseveralothers -weredealtwithinrecent yearsbyHisHolinessPope PiusXIIinanumberof speechestomembersof differenttradesandprofessionsattendingmeetingsin Rome.

IneachaddressthePope displayedasurprisingfamiliaritywiththehistorical backgroundandcurrent conditionsoftheprofession hewasdiscussing.He showedtheconnectionof eachofthemtotheChurch andinmostinstancesdiscussedthemoralandsocial problemswithwhichthey werefaced.

Somenotionofthewide rangeoftheHolyFather's interestscanbegleaned fromthefactthatsince LabourDayof1953he hasaddressedformaltalk onsome25professional topicstovariousgroupsreceivedinaudience.

Someofthesehavebeen todoctors,nurses,lawyers, educatorsandothersin :leldswhereitisnotsurprisingtofindthePontiff concernedtodiscussmoral andotherproblems.But otheraddresseshaverangedoverthetraditions, problemsandreligioussignificanceofindustriesand professionsinwhichthe Pope'sbroadinterestis moresurprising.

Amongthelatter,besides thetopicsalreadymentionedmightbecitedpublic housing,thetravelindustry, foundrymen, engineers, bankersandstatisticians.

TalksthePopehasgiven onsilk,wine-growing,felt andpaper-making,navigationandtradeprovidetypicalinstanceshighlighting thislessknownfacetofthe

Pope'scharacter-hisextremelybroadcultureand rangeofinterests.

Speakingatanaudience grantedtodelegatesattendingthe4thInternational SilkCongress,forexample, HisHolinesstoldthemthat theirindustryhad"played abrilliantroleintheeconomicandculturalhistoryof threecontinents."

"Doyounot,"heasked, "representatraditionthat goesbacklongbeforethe Christianeraandwhosehistoryisunavoidablyintermingledwiththehistoryof therelationsbetweenthe FarEastandthenationsof theWest?WasnotChina, thathighlycivilisednation, knownprincipallyasthe landofsilk?Foralong perioditsroyalcourtand highdignitariesreserved theuseofsilkforthemselves.

SilkAndFelt

"Themanufactureof silkwastoextendover Europeonlyduringthelast centuriesoftheMiddle Ages,theretoblossominto fullsplendourwiththefloweringofthe.Renaissance, whosetasteforluxuryit servedtoperfection.-

"Youmayperhapsknow," theHolyFatheradded, "thatthePopesthemselves wereatthattimeinterested inthesilkindustry.Sixtus V,inparticular,urged landedproprietorstocultivatethemulberrytreeand himselfhadsomefactories builtwiththeintentionof creatingworkforthepoor."

HisHolinessreminded Europeanfeltinanufacturersthattheirbusinesswas alsoconnectedwiththeFar East.

Notingthattheir"highly specialisedandveryimport-

antindustry"playsamajor roleinthemakingofpaper, theHolyFathersaidofthe latter:

"Contrarytowhatone wouldbelikelytobelieve, thepaperindustrywith whichyoucollaboratebeIanlongbeforetheinventionofprinting.AChinese officialofthe2ndcentury beforeChristgavethefirst formulasforitandthehisto-iancantracethesteps bywhich-acrossTurkes,anandNorthAfrica-it .cachedEurope,which, thankstotheArabs,adoptedittowardtheendofthe 12thcentury."

Addressingagroupof scientistsandothersin Romeforameetingonthe wineindustry,thePope ',gaindelvedintoantiquity Hepointedoutthatoneof theearliestwritersonwinegrowinghadlivedonlya fewmilesfromthecity.

Merchant&Church

"Intholdestbookof Latinprosethathascome to -'he A,,ti Cr;turaof( it,r -aconsiderablenartofthe workisdevotedtowinenowing,"heremarked."It isnotfarfromhere,inthe Sabina,thatthatenergetic andridgedmancultivated thefieldsandvinesthathad beenbequeathedtohimby hisfather,"headded.

ThePopethenrelated thattwocenturieslaterthe noetVirgilhaddescribed theworkofwine-growing in"delightfulverses."These werenot,hesaid,mereobservations,"butinthe ',Pinionofexpertsthey wereusuallyquiteaccurate. Andonecooldwritethatup tothemiddleofthe19th "enturyvine-growingdeviatedlittlefromtheprecentsoftheancients."

andmodernisationofpassengerfacilities.Theseproblemsandotherslikethem havehaddifferentsolutions indifferentcountriesandit isuptoyoutojudgetheir variousadvantagesanddisadvantages."

HisHolinessreminded thevariousgroupsofthe tiesbetweentheirprofessionsandtheChurch.

'TheChurchmakesuse fsilkforliturgicalvestments,whichareusedto hi,2.1-.1,nthesplendourofreligiousceremonieswiththeir .),illiance,"thePopetold delegatestotheSilkCongress."thereisnoquestion here."hecontinued,"of emptyostentationintended todazzleortogivepurely aestheticpleasure.

"Liturgicalserviceshave astheiraimthepraiseof Godandtheyareordained toprayer.Doubtless,appearancesmeanlittleinregardtoDivineMajesty,but atleasttheChurchpermits herselftogivetoherchildreninthiswayaforetaste ofthejoysofheavento whichsheinvitesthem."

"Becauseofthis,"heconcluded,"thefabricsthatyou haveproducedplaythepart ofapreciousofferingtothe adorationandprayerwhich Christianpeoplesaddress unceasinglytoGod."

Wine&Religion

InasimilarveinHis Holinesstoldmembersof theItalianConfederationof GoldsmithsandSilversmiths that"theChurchandthe faithfulbelievethatnothing toobeautifultopreserve andreceivethedivine Eucharistandareoftendisposedtowardsthegreatest sacrificesinordertoacquire deprivethemselvesofthese Inhisspeechtodelegatessacredvesselsworthyofthe toaconventiononcommer-greatnessofGod.Theyalso cialeducationHisHolinessknow,"headded,"howto spokeofrelationsbetweenshoulditbenecessaryto themerchantandtheaidtheneedy."

Churchasbeing"certainly asoldastheChurchherself."Hecontinuel:

"Theroadsalongwhich thefirstmessengersofthe Gospels,theApostles,movedtowardtheconquestof theworld,andthatalong whichSt.Paultrodonthe journeysmentionedinthe ActsoftheApostleswere notonlytheroadsofthe RomanLegionsandRoman f,octionaries,butalsothose ofthemerchantandworld trade."

Inthe16thcentury.the HolyFatheradded,St. FrancisXavier"adventured inthecompanyofmerchantsalongthesearoutes ofEasternAsiatothecoast ofJapanandtheportsof China."

Andthusitisalsoinour dayonthecontinentof Africa,thePopecommented,declaringthat"pioneers ofworldtradeandthoseof theCatholicFaithhavealwaysmetalongthesame road.-

NeedsOfTrade

InhistalkstheHoly Fatherhadnotedthedifficultiesnowpresentedtothe silkindustrybytheincreasinguseofsyntheticsubstitutesanddiscussedwith wine-growerstheproblems ofcurrentover-production intheirindustry.Hespoke oftheprogressofnavigation tomembersofthe18thInternationalCongressof Navigation,butadded thoughtsonitsproblems,

Towine-growersthePope' declared: "Wedonotwishtofinish withoutraisingOurthoughts tothatmysteryoffaithin whichtheCatholicreligion contemplatesthegreatest proofofGod'sloveformen, theHolySacrificeofthe Mass.Usingtheintelligence giventohimbytheCreator, manhasmadebreadfrom grainandwinefromgrapes.

"AndtheSonofGod madeMan,takingintoHis creativehandsthesebasic productsoftheearthand man,thesupportandstimulusofhisshortlife,transformedthemthroughHisinfinitepowerandgoodness intothesupportandstimulusofeverlastinglife.

"ThatiswhyWewanted tomakeatleastabriefallusiontotheMasshere, gentlemen,convincedthat itisnotamatterofindifferencetopractiseaprofessionthathasarelation tothehighestofmysteries."

Discussing commercial education,theHolyFather saidthat"thespiritofuniversalityandtheconviction oftheequalityandunityof menarecommontothe Churchandthemerchant." Hewentontostatethat whattheChurchexpects fromthebusinessmanis "anassuranceofupright commercialactivity"which whileaimingatthemost efficienttrafficingoodsand services,isconductedin suchawaythat"thegains ofthemerchantcorrespond toarealservice."

MoulderOfMen

Toassuretheprosperity ofworldtradeitisnot enoughmerelytohave numerousships.These shipsmustalsobeabletoThePopewarnedagainst loadandunloadtheircargothetrendtowardsdepersorapidlyandeasily,withoutnalisationinindustryina beingforcedtoundergolongtalktoagroupofAmerican delaysandwithouthavingfoundrymenvisitingRome theircargoexposedtopos-afterattendingtheInternssibledamage. tionalCongressofFoundry-

"Hereavastfieldofre-meninParis, searchisopentoengineers:"Thefactory,beforeitis thearrangementandequip-amoulderofmetal,islike mentofdocksandtheshedseveryhumanassociation,a thatreceivecargo,thechoicemoulderofmen,"hesaid ofequipmentforhandlingandaddedthat"matter cargoandtheenlargementcomesoutofthefactoryen-

BishopRaiblegavethePopeabookon anthropologicalresearch. nobledandmentoooften debased."

"Wetrust,"heconcluded, "thatyouwillhavebeen heartenedtofindyourEuropeancolleaguesatonewith youintheirdetermination toresistvaliantlythatdepersonalisingprocess-barbarbouswordforabarbarousreality-whichthreatens todaymuchmorethan merelyeconomicvalues."

MoralIssues

TheHolyFatherpointed outoneofthemajormoral issuesinvolvingthewine industry,saying:

"Whilepurelytechnical questionsarenotwithinOur competenceWecannot however,passoverin silenceaneconomicproblem whichtouchesonmorethan onemoralissue,Recentstatisticsshowthatincertain regionswineproduction greatlyexceedsconsumption andthepossibilitiesofexport.

"Now,itwouldbeinadmissibleinthedefenceof materialintereststocause inonewayoranotheran excessiveindividualcon-

tocausealcoholism.Weare notunawareofthefactthat thelargepartofalcohol doesnotcomefromwine. buthowcanoneremainindifferentbeforetheterrible physicalandmoralconsequencesofalcoholism,not onlyincivilisednationsbut alsoandespeciallyinbackwardcountrieswhereits ravagesareevenmore frightful?"

Emphasisingsocialproblems,HisHolinessadvised thesilktradenottoforget to"paygreatattentionto theimprovementofworking conditionsandthedevelopmentofsocialservices whichcomewithinthe frameworkofthisindustry. Thesewillattractmoreand betterqualifiedlabourand theywillensurebetterresults.

'Allprogressinthisregardanswersthedemands ofjusticeandcharityrepeatedsooftenbyOurpredecessorsandOurselves. Finally,theinternational field,youmayhopetoobtaingreaterfreedomof tradeandthesuppressionof barriersthatimpedetheimsumptionofwine,andhenceportationofsilk."

WATSONIAHAMSandBACON

THECOLONIALMUTUALFIRE INSURANCECOMPANYLIMITED CANMEETYOURREQUIREMENTSIN INSURANCEPROTECTION

TremendousPressureOfPastTwoYears

InMarch,ontheoccasionofhis80thbirthday,the HolyFatherwasshoweredwithtributesfromallover theworld.Theobservance,March2-11,alsomarked the17thanniversaryofhiselectionandcoronationas Pope.PresidentEisenhowersentJohnA.McCone ofLosAngelestorepresenthimattheceremonies.

InhisEastermessage,theHolyFatherpleadedwith rulersoftheworldtostoptravelling"thetragicroad" towardstheabyssofatomiccatastrophe.

InMay,hereceivedformerPresidentoftheUnited StatesHarryS.TrumanandMrs.Trumaninprivate audience.

OnMay15,heissuedanencyclicalontheDevotion totheSacredHeart.

OnOctober7,hepresidedatthebeatificationofhis predecessor,PopeInnocentXI(1676-1689).

InOctober-November,PiusXIIinencyclicals madethreeappealswithinninedaysforprayersfor peacewithjusticeinHungaryatthetimeoftheuprisingagainstCommunismthere.HisChristmasMessageaccentedthecompellingnecessityfordisarmamentplustheclearresponsibilityforajustdefensive war.

InamessagetotheCongressofWorldNewsAgencies,whichmetinRomeinNovember,1956,Pope PiusremindedthedelegatesofthepowerofthePress informingworldopinionandurgedthenewsmento beguidedbyarespectfortruthandmoraldecency.

InMarch,1957,attheinsistentrequestofbishops, HisHolinessapprovedaMotuPropriofurthersimplifyingandextendingtherelaxedrulesconcerning theEucharisticfastandtheregulationsgoverning eveningMasswhichhehadissuedin1953.

OnMay15,inappropriateceremoniesPopePius

MulticolouredConcreteSteps

ANDNOFURTHERTHANYOURPHONE

Absolutely

Newin Design.

Everyhome Requires

Someand Oursare

presentedtheRedHat,insigniaofoffice,toStefan' CardinalWyszynski,PrimateofPoland,whohadbeen preventedfromcomingtoRomesincehiselevationto theCardinalatein1953.

OnMay26,Piusagainofficiatedatabeatification ceremonyforMotherMaryofProvidence(Eugenia Smet).BeforeleavingonJuly25forthepapalsummerresidenceatCastelgandolfo,heissuedthree encyclicalswithinthreemonths:onecallingforexpandedmissionaryeffort,especiallyinAfrica;oneon the300thanniversaryofthedeathofSt.Andrew BobolaandoneonthecentenaryoftheLourdes Shrine.

AnaudiencehegrantedMasatoshiMatsushita,specialenvoyofthePremierofJapan,touchedoffdiscussionsonthecontrolofnuclearweapons.Other worlddignitariesreceivedinpapalaudienceduring theyear1957includedPresidentReneCoty,first FrenchChiefofStatereceivedbyapopeinmore than450years;Vice-PresidentRichardNixonand Mrs.NixonoftheUnitedStates,andChancellorKonradAdenauerofWestGermany.

During1957thePopemadenotableaddresses(98 inall)toworldastronomers,jurists,teachers,youth groups,chemists,medicalspecialists,women'sgroups, engineers,housemaids,familyorganisations,artisans, actors,railwayment,psychologists,farmers,newsmen, enclosednunsandbee-keepers.

lics-thethird-urgingthemtostandfastagainst schism.

Inspiteofwarsandpersecutions,thepontificate ofPopePiusXIIsawaremarkablegrowthinthe Church.TheHolyFathercreatedorraisedinrank morethan500ecclesiasticaljurisdictionsandsetup nationalhierarchiesinChina,Formosa,Nigeria, Ghana,UnionofSouthAfrica,Rhodesia,EastAfrica andtheScandinaviancountries.

Duringhispontificatediplomaticmissionsaccredited totheHolySeehaveincreasedfrom37in1939to 47.From1939to1950thePresidentoftheUnited Stateshadapersonalrepresentative-MyronC.Tay- lor-attheVatican,butwithoutdiplomaticrank.

Hecanonised33newsaints,includingSt.PiusX, thePopewhohadstartedhimonhisdiplomatic career.Healsopresidedatthebeatificationof165 newblessedsin41ceremonies.

DuringhisreignPiusXIIspoketotheChurchin 30encyclicalsinadditiontohundredsoflessformal pronouncements.

Itisindicativeoftheformidableobstaclesthat blockedtheroadtopeacethroughouthisreignthat inhisfirstencyclical,"SummiPontificatus,"issued shortlyafterthestartofWorldWarIIPiusXIIwas askingprayersforthereturnofpeaceandin1955, hisEastermessage,wasstillimploringtheworld's leadersto"arrangetreatiesthatwillinsurepeace, startaprogressivedisarmamentandthusspare humanitythedestructionofanewwar.

egag&I?:9111fiern,

PractitionersinAll BranchesofDentistry 790-794HAYSTREET, PERTH

Phones:217484,217837

Emergency:712601,861639.

Principals:JosephL.Rogers; AlfredL.Rogers,Dip.D.S.

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DORNAN:Ofyourcharity pleaseprayfortherepose ofthesoulofmybeloved husband,LeslieCyril,who departedthislifeonOctober 18,1957.MostSacredHeart ofJesus,havemercyonhis soul.OurLadyofPerpet- ualSuccour,prayforhim. Insertedbyhisloving wifeIrene.

LightburnedinthePope'sapartmenttill2a.m.

Heissuedimportantstatementsduringthepast yearonautomation,crimeandpunishments,women's fashions,themoneycultandcomfort,theneedof professingChristiansinpolitics,migrationaspart oftheDivinePlan,health,movies,radioandtelevision,theLayApostolate,moralproblemsofmedicine, tradeasafactorinpeace,scientificprogress,Europeanunity,thedefenceoftheDivineorder,large families,co-education,thedistributionofwealth, tradeethics,Christlesspeaceendeavours,genocide andblooddiseases.

HesawtheChurchablyrepresentedintheInternationalGeophysicalYearsandtheBrusselsWorld Exhibition.Hehailedtherevivaloffamilylifein FranceandofsocialprogressinSpain.Heurged parentstotrusttheChurch'swisdominthematter ofvocations.

OnSeptember8,1957,thelatePontiffissuedthe Encyclical,"MirandaProrsus,"whichlaiddown normsforthemotionpictureindustry,radioand television.OnOctober27heinauguratedthenew VaticanRadio.

ManyAustralianpriestsandyoungmenofthe Y.C.W.wereinRomewhenheissuedhiscelebrated statementontheLayApostolatetotheWorldCongressinRome.

ReceivingthePresidentofWestGermany(Dr. TheodoreHeuss)thePopetoldhimthatFreeEurope mustsay"No"tobulliesandstrivetowardspolitical unification.

Inhis1957Christmasmessagetotheworldthe PopecalledonChristianstoshakeofftheirlethargy andstandindefenceoftheDivineorder.During thatyearhehadreceived864,797personsinaudience.

During1958thePontiffinfusedhopein100,000 CatholicActionistswhenhetoldthemtheworldwas onthethresholdofanewspringtimeofhistory.

InhisEastermessagehespokeofChrist'slight beingremovedfromtheworldandlaterhewarned Italianworkmenofthedireeffectsthatwouldensue uponChristlesspeaceefforts.

Hemadethreeremarkablebroadcaststotheenclosednunsoftheworldandcalledforasupranationalorganisationtoco-ordinatemigrations.

HislastEncyclicalletterwastotheChineseCatho-

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DORNAN:InlovingmemoryofLesdepartedthis lifeonOctober 18, 1957; son-in-lawandbrother-inlawofMrs.Furlongand family. MostSacredHeartof Jesus,havemercyonhis soul.

JOHNSON:Ofyourcharity pleaseprayfortherepose ofthesoulofMargaret Rose,anniversaryOctober 26.

McGRADE(Elizabeth):In lovingmemoryofourdearlybelovedmother,passed awayOctober 19, 1957. SacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonher.

MURPHY:Ofyourcharity pleaseprayfortherepose ofthesoulofDaniel.who departedthislifeonOctober 19,1954. Eternalrestgrantunto him,0Lord;mayherest inpeace.

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LONGTON:Pleaseprayfor thereposeofthesoulof MabelAnnLongton,who passedpeacefullyawayon October5.SacredHeartof Jesus,havemercyonher. Insertedbyherdevoted andlovingfamily.