The Record Newspaper 26 April 1956

MercyNunsBuildNewChapel AtAttadaleAfter18Years

votional,andthetextbooks usedinclass.

Theywere,itwassaid. ignorantofliteraturein general,andbehindthe timesandoutoftouchwith modernlife.But,itwasnot

ContinuedonPage16

HisGracetheArchbishopispicturedofficiatingatBenediction inthenewchapelofSantaMariaCollege,Attadale.

OnSundayafternoonsome2,000friendsoftheSistersofMercy, ex-studentsandpupilsofSantaMariaCollege,Attadale,metto bepresentattheofficialopeningbyHisGracetheArchbinshop ofthechapelthatallhadlongedtoseeforoverthepast18years.

Onthepreviousdaya largenumberofpriestsand religiousattendedHigh Massinthenewcollege chapelatSantaMaria,Attadale.HisGracetheArchbishoppresided,thecelebrantbeingtheV.Rev.J. Hogan,Adm.,assistedby theRev.B.Harrisandthe Rev.B.Whitely.

TheHighMass,composed byDr.EdgarFord,was beautifullysungbyachoir of80girlsfromSanta Maria.

Attheopeningceremony, theRev.L.Flynn,S.J., parishpriestofAttadale, welcomedtheArchbishop.

DayOfFulfilment

HisGracecongratulated theSistersofMercyonthe acquisitionofthatbeautifulchapel.Itwasvery beautiful,devotionaland liturgical.

Anditwasequippedand inanartisticand liturgimanner,achapel worthyoftheloftypurpose forwhichitwaserected.

HisGracethankedthe architects.Messrs.HendersonandThomson,andthe builder.Mr.Berry,who wereassociated20years agointhedesignandconstructionofthecollege.

Theyhadbeenassociated withmanyecclesiastical buildingsintheArchdioceseandhadalwaysgiven thegreatestsatisfaction.

Thechapelwasnoexception.Itwasacreditto

architectsandcontractors alike.

Forthepast18yearsthe SistersofMercyhadbeen accommodatedinthetop storeyofthebuilding.Their temporarychapelwasmost inconvenient.

Theyhadhopedandthey prayedandtodaytheir hopesandambition§were fulfilled.Theirfriendshad comealonginhundredsto showtheirappreciationof theworkoftheSistersof Mercy,tooffertheircongratulationsandtohelpin apracticalmanner.

TheArchbishopcongratulatedtheSistersonthefine toneandthehighstandard ofSantaMaria.Itcould becomparedtoagardenattachedtotheLord'shouseholdwheretheflowersof virtueweretendedandfosteredbywomenofpietyand culture.

TrainedByExample Schoolslikethatwere doingaservicenotmerely totheChurchbuttothe Stateaswell.Womenset themoralstandardofthe communityandthepresent ageneededwomeninwhose heartswereadeepfaithand spiritofdevotiontoduty.

Itwasincollegeslike SantaMariathatthegirls weretaughtandtrainedto begentlewomenbyliving example.Insuchschools, maidenlyvirtuewasona pedestal.

Itwassometimessaid, continuedHisGrace,that

Woman'sPageStartsNextWeek

Inournextissuewillappearthe.long-promised, long-expectedWomen'sPage.Itwillbeconducted byanexperiencedwomanjournalist.

Readersareinvitedtoexpresscriticismsofa constructivenature,suggestionsetc.,fortheimprovementofthefeature.

AdvertiserswhowishtoappearontheWomen's Pageshouldcontactouradvertisingrepresentative withoutdelayasdemandsonspacewillbeheavy.

conventeducationwasnot abreastofthetimes.Nuns, itwasalleged,hadnomeans ofadvancingintheir studies,werepermittedto readnoauthorsbutthose whowerespiritualandde-

Continuednextcolumn

AppointedDean

HisGracetheArchbishopannouncesthe appointmentoftheV.Rev.JohnHogan, Adm.,asChancelloroftheArchdioceseand DeanofSt.Mary'sCathedral.

BorninFermoy,Co.Cork, Ireland,in1916,DeanHogan waseducatedatSt.Colman'sCollege,Fermoy,and atAllHallows'College, Dublin.

Hewasordainedpriest onJune21,1942,andarrivedinthisStatethefollowingyear. Hisfirstappointmentwas ^sassistantpriestatBunburywherehespentthree years.From1946-47hewas assistantpriestattheCathedral.

VariousOffices

In1947theDeanwasappointeddiocesansecretary, officehedischargeduntil1955.

InOctoberofthatyearhe wasappointedAdministratorofSt.Mary'sCathedral.

DeanHoganwasresponsiblefortheintroductionof theMiraculousMedalnovenaattheCathedral.He wasalsoforsomeyears

V.Rev.DeanHogan,Adm. chaplaintotheCatholic Nurses'Guildandchaplain tothefoundationN.C.G.M. branchintheCathedral parish.

CrusadeOfPrayerToSave ChristianityInAustralia

Becauseofinternationaltensionandtheprecariouspositionin whichAustraliaisplaced,HisGracetheArchbishophasdecided tolaunchthroughouttheArchdioceseacrusadeofprayerforthe preservationofAustraliaasaChristiannation.

Thecrusadewillcommenceinallparisheson Sunday,May6. Inall churchestherewillbeExpositionoftheBlessedSacrament,concludingwitha HolyHour.

Aspecialprayerwillbe recitedaftereveryMasson Sundaysandweekdaysuntilfurthernotice.Itwill alsobesaidinallschools oftheArchdiocesepriorto thecommencementofclass. Thetextoftheprayeris: PrayerOfCrusade AlmightyGod,weThy peoplecryoutinouraffliction.Donotscornus butforthegloryofThy namecometoourrescue. Lookmercifullyuponus inourtribulation,and, thoughwehaveJustlyde-

servedpunishment,turn awayThywrath.Through JesusChrist,OurLord. Amen.

Mary,HelpofChristians,bringsuccourand peacetoAustralia.

Inaddition,itisthewish oftheAustralianHierarchy that,priortotheprayers afterMass,thecelebrant shouldannounce,"Letus prayfortheconversionof Russia."

ThecrusadewillbeofficiallyinauguratedatSt. Mary'sCathedralatthe11 o'clockMassonMay6.This Mass,atwhichtheRev.G. Murtagh,C.Ss.R.,will preach,willbebroadcast over6WN. The6.45Massinthe CathedralonWednesday, May2,willbeofferedfor

thesameintentionaspart oftheNovenaoftheMiraculousMedal.

Fr.Fitzmaurice's

ItineraryListed

ThisweekFatherFibmauriceattendralliesat Subiaco,SouthPerth,and Claremont.OnFridayhe leftforPinjarraandon Saturdaycommenceda touroftheBunburydiocesanUnionwhichwill continueuntilApril30. Hewillresumehisvisitationof metropolitan branchesatQueen'sPark onTuesday,May1.

PopePiusXIIReceivesMembersOfComplementOfH.M.A.S.Melbourne

ONEOFTHEMOSTTHRILLINGEXPERIENCESformembersofthecomplementof H.M.A.S.Melbourne,nowinFremantle,wastheiraudiencewiththeHolyFather. OnitsmaidenvoyagetoAustralia,whilevisitingNaples.theoccasionoccurredtovisitthePopeop March22.AmongthegroupisJohnTeahanof'lankier.Fourmembersofthecrewwereconfirmed byHisGraceintheCathedralonApril24.

Fr.SmithBursary

ProvidesStudy

ForNativeClergy

WhentheRev.P.C.

Smith(parishpriestof Palmyra)diedin1946, heleftprovisioninhis willfortheestablishment ofaRomanbursarytobe namedafterhim.

Thewillprovidesfor threeyears'post-graduate studiesinRome,forwhich membersoftheAustralianborndiocesanclergyare eligible.

Theadministrationofthe fundsisinthehandsofthe federalexecutiveofthe ManlyUnion.

Applications,whichclose onMay24,shouldbeaddressedtothesecretary,the Rt.Rev.Mgr.A.R.E. Thomas,NationalCatholic Missionsoffice,175Elizabeth-st.,Sydney,N.S.W.

MogumberBeats

N.NorciaTeam

Mogumberfieldedtheir mostpowerfulteamfor yearsintheirfirstmatchof theseasonagainstSt.Ddephonsus'College.

Theyhadtrainedwelland effectivelyandwereearly toostrongforthelighter collegeteamwhoonlyin thefinalstageswereable toout-manoeuvretheir weightieropponents.

Mogumberweredelighted todownlastyear'spremiers.

Mogumber:13goals16 points;St.Ildephonsus'College:3goals9points.

MidlandYouthGroupRe-form UnderFirstLocalFranciscan

BishopPresides AtCollegeRally

FatherFitzmauriceLaudsSimplicity OfHolyNameRulesAtNewNorcia

membersontheoccasionof thefirstanniversaryofthe Y.C.W.sinceitwasreestablishedintheparish.

OfV.deP.Society

Tenmembersattendedthefirstleaders' meetingoftheMidlandY.C.W.heldinthe parishhallonWednesday,April11.The grouphasbeenre-establishedundertheRaffertypresidedata guidanceoftheRev.CrispinBrown,O.F.M.generalmeetingofthe Diocesansecretary,Tompressdhisgoodwishestojuniorconferencesofthe Sherborne,visitedthemeetingandspokeontheneed fortheY.C.W.intheworld today.Tomappealedtoall presenttoplayafulland activepartintheY.C.W., andsobecometrueleaders inthecauseofChrist.

JohnTrefryhasbeenappointedprovisionalpresidentandTerryCassidyprovisionalsecretary,andthey willwelcomeanyenquiries abouttheworkofthegroup.

TheN.C.G.M.organiseda picnictoYancheplastSunday,andY.C.W.members werehappytoco-operatein makingthepicnicanoutstandingsuccess.Thepicnic indicatedthatmanyfine socialactivitiescanbeorganisedoncetheY.C.W. generalbranchisformed.

*tr*

TheCommunionbreakfastandbadge-presentationceremonyheldon SundayApril22wasattendedbyover30membersoftheY.C.W.and N.C.G.M.membersof Highgatebranches.

TwelveN.C.G.M.andten Y.C.W.membersreceived theirbadgesfromthe branchchaplains,theRev. E.McKennaandRev.P. Quinn,D.C.L.,atanimpressiveceremonyheldinthe churchimmediatelyafter Mass. HisLordship,BishopRafferty,thoughonlyableto spendashorttimeatthe Communionbreakfast.ex-

BrianLow,Diocesan Y.C.W.president,gavean inspiringtalkinwhichhe emphasisedtheresponsibilitiesofmembersintheyouth movementsandcalledon thosewhohadjustreceived theirbadgestowearthem regularlyandtoliveupto theidealsthattheyrepresent.

RegionalSocial

Thanksgotothemothers whopreparedandserved thewholesomeandsatisfyingbreakfast.

AGospeldiscussionon thetext,"AskandYou ShallReceive,"washeldat thegeneralmeetingon April23,andledtoageneralresolutionbythememberstosaytheY.C.W.prayersdaily.

ItwasdecidedthatHighgateshouldbethecentrefor aregionalsocialtobeheld onMonday,May14.Films anddancingareplannedfor thatnight. Thenextgeneralmeeting willbeheldonMonday,May

7. CATHEDRAL: Themainfeatureofthe Y.C.W.meetingheldrecentlywasanexplanationby thechaplain,theRev.B. Harris,oftheaimsand idealsoftheY.C.W.Inthe discussionwhichfollowed, membersdecidedtoconduct Continuednextcolumn

Whenonlythebest willdo

CHAIRS ARMCHAIRS, Semi ARMCHAIRS, TABLESand 10L-A-BOUTS WERECHOSEN BYTHEBOARD OFMANAGEMENT OFSOUTHPERTH COMMUNITY HOSPITAL

SUPERLATIVES ARE UNNECESSARY OFFINEFURNITUREINTUBULAR

St.VincentdePaulSocietyheldattheChristianBrothers'college, Perth,lastSundayafternoon. HisLordshipwaswelcomedbythepresidentof thejuniorconferences,Bro. Amodeo,andlatergavean inspiringaddresstotheboys onthegreatChristianwork oftheSt.VincentdePaul Society.

HisLordshipstressedthe needoftheyoungermemberslaterfillingtheranks oftheseniorconferencesas manyofthebrotherswere reachingtheretiringage andcouldnotcarryonindefinitely.

Alargegatheringofboys attendedthemeetingfrom ChristianBrothers'schools atHighgate,Leederville, Fremantle,Aquinasandthe Terrace;St.Louis'boys' schoolwasalsorepresented. Themeetingconcluded withBenedictionofthe BlessedSacramentinthe collegechapel.

FatherFitzmauriceResumes

VisitationOfPerthBranches

TheRev.D.Fitzmaurice,0.P.,willreturn toPerthonMondaynextafteraten-daytour ofthebranchesintheBunburydiocese.The followingnighthewillresumethevisitation ofmetropolitanbranchesandhisitinerary fortheweekisasfollows:

WEDNESDAY,May2,at Cottesloe,withMosman Parkmemberstoattend.

THURSDAY,May3,at Leederville,withOsborne Park,TuartHillandWannerootoattend.

FRIDAY,May4,atHighgate,withBayswater,Bassendean,BedfordPark, Inglewood,LearoydSt.and Maylandstoattend.

OnSunday,May6,Father Fitzmauricewillcelebrate MassatBassendeanat7.30 a.m.ontheoccasionofthe localbranch'sannualCommunionandwillbethe guestattheCommunion arecruitingdriveinthe parish.

andthroughwhichitexercised itsapostolicinfluenceinaworld sorelyinneedofitsservices.

FourSimpleAles

Thebeautyofthesocietyand thereasonwhyitcontinuedto appealtomenthroughthecenturiesandwassowidespreadtodaywastobefoundinitssimplicity,saidFatherFitzmaurice. ItdidnotenablemennecessarilytodoeverythingaCatholic strovefor,butitlayonawild foundation.

NewNorcia,richinthetraditionsofaCatholicismnurturedbythemonksofSt.BenedictandcradledintheIrishhomesofearly pioneers,wastosupplyyetanotherexample oftheabidinganddeepfaithofitspeopleon S,indaylast. suchforcethatitwouldseem Privilegedbytheregularper'thatthesocietyhadfortheday formanceoftheliturgies,Sunbeentransportedenmasseto day'sceremoniesmovedthoseNewNorciaitselftoprovidea privilegedtotakepartinthem!-deeplymovingdemonstrationof faith te bytheiralmoststarksimplicity., iraterityAlmosttooathmanconthe Theoccasionwastherallyof rail largecongregations.approached the altar andtheguestofhonourwasthe gInamovingsermonFather society'snationalspiritualdirectFitzmauriceexplaineddivisions or(theRev.D.M.Fitzmaurice,(betweenCatholicandpagan O'P'). philosophiesandthetraitswhich FromAllSides markedthetrueChristian.He Longbeforethehourappoint,proceededtoexplainthesimple edfortheMassHolyName;butlastingfoundationsonwhich menaccompaniedbytheirspin;theHolyNameSocietyrested 'tealdirectorscommencedarrivingatNewNorcia.Theyarrived intwosandthrees,incarloads andeventruckloadsfromnear andfaruntilgravedoubtsasto thecapacityoftheCathedralto accommodatethethrongColn mencedtobesettheofficersof thelocalbranchofthesociety. However,bydintoforganic ationthistroublewashappily resolvedbeforetheMasscorn menced.Eachbranchinthe diocesewasnotonlyrepresent ed,butitsmembersattendedin

Ithadnoelaboraterules,but theobservanceoffoursimple rulesguaranteedamembersalvationandassuredthathe wouldbeaforceofgood whereverhewasfound.

Allthememberhadtodo wastogotoamonthlyCommunionwithmembersofhis branch,attendthemonthly meetings,wherepossible,be reverentinhisspeechandpro fesshisfaithbywearingthe emblemofthesociety.

TUESDAY,May1,atbreakfasttobeheldafter Queen'sParkat7.30p.n1.,theMass. withArmadale,GosnellsHewillthenproceedto andBentleyParkmembersNorthamtoattendarally toattend. whichmembersoftheBeverley,CunderdinandYork brancheswillattend.An invitationhasbeenextendedtomenoftheQuairading andTamminparishestobe presentatthisfunction.

CottesloeLadies

FeteMember

Ageneralmeetingofthe CatholicWomen'sLeague willbeheldattheCatholicCentreonWednesday, May2,at2p.m.

TheV.Rev.A.T.Langmeadwillcontinuehistalks on"TheSevenGiftsofthe HolyGhost."VictoriaPark branchmemberswillbe hostesses.

Therewasnothingentailing hardshiporcallingforheroism frommenwhoobservedthose simplerulesbutthefaithfulehservanceofthemrend.!reda manaforceforgood.

HardForYouth

ThemanwhowenttoCom inunionregularlyhadtheguar anteeofsalvationpromiszdby JesusChrist.Hemightfall,as allmendid,buthereceived pardoninthesacramentofConfessionandinCommunionre, gainedthegracetoovercome humanfrailityandresisttemptationandcouldneverharden hissoulinvice.Onlyoneof twothingswouldhappen,he wouldgiveuphismembership ofthesocietyorabandonhis sins.

Thenextmeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,May1, attheCatholicCentre,Victoria-sq. Asocialwillbeheldin theCatholicCentreonWednesday,May8,whichall youngmendftheparishare cordiallyinvitedtoattend.

SUBIACO: AgoodcrowdofmembersattendedthefilmeveningonApril22,andenjoyedanexcellentprogramme ofshortfilms. Thenextgeneralmeeting willbeheldinthehallon Sunday,May6.Theyouth paper,"TheSphere,"will bedistributedatthemeeting,andshouldprovokeinterestingdiscussion.

OnSunday,April22,52 membersoftheN.C.G.M. basketballassociationattendedadayofrecollection heldatGlendalough.The talksgivenbytheRev.Fr. Morrison,C.Ss.R.,werevery muchappreciatedbyallpresent. Duringtheafternoon,the girlswereshownoverthe buildingandchattedwith theoldpeople.

EMPIREYOUTHSUNDAY:

ThisyearEmpireYouth SundaywillbeheldonSunday,May6,andmembers willassembleattheEsplanadeby2p.m.N.C.G.M. uniform,whiteblouse,grey skirtandgreyberetmust beworn.

A badge-presentation ceremonywillbeheldat St.Mary'sCathedraland thosememberswithauthorityfromtheirbranchpresidentandchaplainwillreSTEELceivebadges.

Attheconclusionoftheir monthlymeetingonApril 17,Cottesloebranchmemberstooktheopportunityof wishingbonvoyagetoMrs. J.M.O'Brien,who,with herhusband,wasleaving thefollowingweekonatrip toVienna.

Thepresident,Mrs.Murphy,presentedMrs.O'Brien withasmallgiftwithwhich wentthegoodwishesofall foraverypleasantholiday.

&RZZZZ;56:6:Eb2lC57_ZNZi

DO

Advertisein"The Record"andsupportthosewho

Speakingparticularlytothe boysandthoseintheirearly youthFatherFitzmauricesaid thattheyoungpeopleoftoday hadagreatdealwithwhichto contend.Ithadperhapsever beenso,butperhapstheyfaced greateroddsthantheyoung peopleofformergenerations.

Thetimeswereallagainst them.Itmightseemdistressingtobebattlingallthetime, butvictorywasguaranteed throughpayerandsacrifice.He counselledthemnottoneglect theirmonthlyconfessionend Communionandregularhabits ofprayer.

ManlyPriestsTo MeetInSidney

The

fromSeptember19-21. AllpriestsofManlyand Springwoodareherebyissuedwithageneralinvitationtoattendthereunion. Accordingtotheconstitutionaninvitationtogether withasynopsisofunionactivitieswillbemailedtoindividualpriestsatalater date.

JASONCREATORS

Atleft:-"Relaxon" Armchair. Armchairisnotillustrated.

Belowisthe "Jill"chair.

Above:-CABAN OccasionalTable. AtleftisSTANDARDTable LOL-A-BOUT is atlowerleft.

CatholicMen'sLeague IsLaunchedInPerth.

OnSunday,April15,ameetingwasheld toinauguratetheCatholicMen'sLeague.

TheLeaguecommencedwithamembership of72andadoptedaconstitutioninwhich thefollowingobjectsarestated:

Tobeanorganisedbody ofCatholicgentlemengivingentireloyaltytothe ApostolicSee,totheHierarchyandtotheclergyin allthingsappertainingto theCatholicFaith.

Tobeloyalsubjectsof theCrownandtoworkfor thewelfareofAustraliaand itspeople.

Topromotethemoral,intellectualandmaterialwelfareofitsmembersand Catholicsgenerally.

Toencourageandsupport provisionsforwidows,orphans,andtheaged,to safe the theinterestsof Cathoyouthandgenerallytopromotekindness andbenevolenceamongstall men.

OfficersElected

Todirectthemindsof themembersandthe Leaguetothefundamental virtuesoftheLeaguecharity,unityandfraternity-andtobeguidedinall thingsthereby.

Toco-operatewithother Catholicorganisationsinthe furtheranceofCatholicactivities.

Topromotewithinits membersandCatholicsgenerallyahighcodeofethics inbusinessandahigh standardofcitizenship.

Duringthemeetingthe followingexecutiveofficers wereelected:-president: G.M.Handcock,vice-presi- dent:E.Kean,secretary:C. A.Parkinson,treasurer:T. F.J.Henpsell,executive committee:W.Joyce,U. Urquhart,L.Bartlett,G.J. Shervington,D.Corkery,J Carmody,L.McQueen,P. J.BonserandG.Parkinson.

Duringthecourseofthe meetingitwasresolvedthat considerationbegivenby theLeaguetoengagingitselfinthefollowingactivities:. SponsoringofCatholic institutions;theafter-care ofyouthscomingfrom Catholicinstitutions;theintegrationofmigrantsinto theCatholiccommunity; financingofchurchbuildingfunds;theinstitutionof industrialrelationsbasedon Christianprinciples;public relationsbetweenthe Churchandpublicwith specificreferencetopress reports;employment;sponsoringofCatholicyouthorganisations;theexpansion ofCatholicsociallifewith theobjectofunifyingthe Catholiccommunity;religiouseducationinState schools;fosteringofvocationstotheteachingorders withspecificreferenceto theestablishmentofa ChristianBrothers'JuniorateinW.A.;combatingof indecentliterature;thedisseminationofCatholicpublications,bothlocaland overseas;theunificationof Catholicworkersbytheestablishmentoftradeand professionalguildsasadvocatedbyHisHoliness PoneLeoXIII.

Amongthemembersare menfromthedioceseof Runbury,NewNorciaand Geraldtonaswellasthe ArchdioceseofPerth.

Attheconclusionofthe meetingthosepresentrecordedavoteofappreciationtotheChristianBrothersformakingnremises a,,ilableandsubstantiated theirappreciationbyasuitabledonation.

BishopRaffertyWillCarryHost

AlS.Perth'sJubileeProcession

HisLordshipBishopRaffertywillpreside andcarrytheMonstranceonSunday,May 6,atthesilverjubileeMayprocessionat SouthPerth. voicewillleadtheprayers

Inthisyounglandajubi-andforthehymnsMr.John Sullivan'spowerfulbass leeprocessionisaneventvoicewillgivethenote. worthyofcelebration.ToAlarge,representative havehonouredMary,QueengroupfromtheChildrenof oftheMay,for25yearsMarysodalitiesisexpected. withoutabreakisnosmallItwillhelpthecatering achievement. problemifthenumbers

MarymustappreciatethiscomingwouldringMU1009. processionforshehasavertedtherainduringthecere- CrossDonated monyandparishionersfeelTheHolyNameSociety, certainshewilldoitagaintheSacredHeartSodality, thisyear. andtheLegionofMaryof TheoccasionalsermonSouthPerthextendtotheir willbepreachedbyaform-fellowmembersoutsidethe ercurateofSouthPerth,parishawarmwelcometo theRev.P.J.Carmody,joinwiththeminhonour- parishpriestofGosnells.ingMaryonherMayDay.

*LegionOfMary PicnicatYanchep

MembersofMariaAssumptacuriaoftheLegionofMaryandtheir familiessangalltheway toandfromYanchepon Sundaylast.

TheItalianmemberswere foremostamongthevoices andmembersenjoyedtheir renderingofmanyItalian songs.Howevercoming home"WaltzingMatilda" andsomegoodIrishnumbersweresungloudand strong.

ChaplainsAttend

Asthebusdepositedits passengersontheshoresof thelakeforlunchthey werejoinedbyotherlegionarieswhohadcomeintheir owncars.Itwaspleasing toseesomanyofthespiritualdirectors-there,although manycouldonlystayforan hourortwo.

Thedayjustflew.There werethecavestosee;some wentswimmingandafew energeticonesrowing,and somejust"lazed."

Thekoalabearswerea greatattraction,particularly forthechildren,and5.30 camearoundinnotime. ThanksgototheScarboroughandBedfordPark praesidiaforarrangingthe day.

Wewelcomeyou tochoosefromour specialDebrange orhaveyourgown madetomeasure. 91

COUNTRYCLIENTSSPECIALLYCATEREDFOR

iiiE.U222QZZCZZZ

StateSelectorsChooseYCWDooley

ToPractiseWithState'sSquad

1956Annual

NotedComperes AverydevotionalprocesFatherCarmodywasthesionalcrosshasbeendonfirstpasttotakechargeatedbytheO'Mearafamily f ofwhaillisnowKensingtonforthesilverjubileeand parish,anditsflourishingoneofthesons,Laurie,will conditiontodayowesmuchcarrythecross.Itwillhave tohispioneeringofavery aguardofAquinasboys. tinyfamilyofparishionersForfiveandtwentyyears then. Maryhaswatchedthe Thedeaconandsub-ChurchgrowfromCanning BridgetotheCauseway. deaconswillbetheparish priestsofManningPark, theRev.T.Ahern,andof Como,theRev.T.Linnane.

TheV.Rev.A.E.JohnstonwillbeM.C.

InchargeoftheloudspeakerswillbeMr.James Condon,thewell-known A.B.C.actor,whoseresonant

IRISHCLUB(Inc.)

OldTime,Irish,Modern.

AT

HALL EVERYTHURSDAY

Spate,Novelties.Light Refreshments.

8.30-11.15p.m.

Admission(hie.lax),3/-

therearesix.TheMay processionmusthavehelpedtheincreaseforMary neverforgetsanhonour giventoher.

Itisagrandthingtosee theneighbouringparishes flockingtoSouthPerth,as gratefuldaughterstoa proudmother,celebrating hersilverjubileeprocession.

NursesWill Receive,May6

AgeneralCommunion ofthemembersofthe CatholicNurses'Guild willtakeplaceatthe9 o'clockMassinSt.Mary's CathedralonSunday, May6.

Indicativeoftheprogressmadebythe Y.C.W.basketballclubwastheannouncementduringtheweekthattheStateselectors hadinvitedMichaelDooleytojointheState practicesquad. field,Mathews,Mulcahy, DooleyisthefirstmemberMcLeod,Kerrigan,Searle. fromtheClubtoachieveWiththefirstmatchesof thishonour,andhisteammatesarekeentoseehim dowellwiththesquad.

Mikeisacleverforward player,aleft-hander,and aplayertowatchwhenthe ballgetsnearthebasket.

Hehashadonlyafew seasons of competitive basketball,buthiskeeness forthegame-aby-word amonghisteam-mateshaswonhimthishonour.

GradingCompetition

Y.C.W.teamstookpart intheirfirstmatchesof thegradingcompetition, andbothteamsscoredoverwhelmingvictoriesagainst rathermediocreopponents.

Theteamswereledby BobMcAdamandCol. Russell,andbothdidan excellentjob.Starofthe firstgamewasJohn Hughes,whoserapiddevelopmenthaspleasedclub officials.

SquadsChosen

AC.1.gradeplayerlast year,Johnwasdescribed byaselectioncommittee memberasanear-certainty forthe"AReserve"team thisyear.

Adeptatthefastbreak Johnisstillalittleinexperienced.Hecould,however,developintooneof In1931therewasoneItheClub'sstarplayersthis priestinthatarea,todayyear.

Honoursinthesecond gameweresharedbyNoel JenkinsonandPeter Schmidt. Bothyoung, thesearetwooftheplayers theclubislookingtofor somegoodservicethisyear.

TrainingsquadsforSunday,April29,areasfollows: Asquad:McAdam,Strautins,Dooley,McCarthy, Hughes,Chilvers,O'Connor.

Bsquad:Russell,B.Tully, B. Sullivan,Jenkinson, Ahern,Murphy. Csquad:K.Sullivan, Daff,Schmidt,Lambe,Stevens,Foley. Dsouad:Villa,Crawley, J.Duffield,Syme,Groessler,Wilson,W.Tulley,Moran.Rhatigan.

Esquad:Croll,Hansen, Thomas,Gallagher,R.Duf

theseasononlyafewweeks away,competitionforplaces inthetopsquadsisgetting keener.

ScratchMatches

ThespotlightnextSunday willbeonPatVillas'squad, fromwhichatleasttwoand perhapsmoreplayersmust bechosentogointohigher squads.

Theselectorsaresureto takeakeeninterestinthe scratchmatchesnextSunday.

Resultsofscratchmatches playedlastSunday:McAdam30defeatedRussell 17;Sullivan22defeated Villa8;Villa9defeated Croll6.

JohnChilversshoweda welcomereturntoformand scored14pointsforMcAdam'ssquad.

ArthurDaffplayedwell forSullivan'ssquad,aril GeoffSyme,whomustbe inlineforpromotionmade themostofhisopportunities whileplayingforVilla's squad.

Uniformswillbeissued toplayersattrainingnext Sunday,sotheselection committeeexpectstosee allplayersonthegroundandby2.15p.m.

HockeyClubWill PicnicatBindoon

OnSunday,May13,C.B.C. hockeyclubmemberswillbe holdinganeagerlyanticipated picnicatBindoon.

Allclubmembersareinvited tocomealongwiththeirfriends. Manycompetitionsinall fieldsofsportandathleticswill beheld. Thefirstmatchesofthe W.A.H.A.fixtureswerenotas satisfyingtoclubplayersasdesired, TheB2gradetookoffthe onlywinfortheday,4.0v.Sub iaco.

TheClgradedrewIall,and theA3,R3andB3gradeswere narrowlydefeated. TheAlgradeplaysitsfirst matchonApril28.

CatholicBall

Tuesday,May22nd,1956 EmbassyBallroom, WilliamStreet,Perth.

Dancingfrom8.30p.m.to1.30a.m.

TICKETS-£1/2/6Single.

TicketsatNicholson's,Pellegrini's,Catholic Library,EmbassyandN.C.G.M.Office. BOOKINGSATEMBASSY. MONDAY,23rdAPRIL.

AdmissionbyTicketOnly.

PresentationofDebutantestoHisGrace theArchbishopat8.45p.m. 22=4522Z22924S7

Weare SPECIALISTS DEBPOSIES

BRIDALBOUQUETS

FLORALTRIBUTES

"TheFlorists"OFHOWARDSTREET 19HOWARDSTREET.BF2545.

LEARNTODANCE

CALLTODAYATYOURNEAREST WRIGHTSONSTUDIO t, andlearninafewsimple lessonsthesecretofgood timesandpopularity.

PrivateAppointments daily10a.m.to10p.m.

InstructionClasses Nightly.

PERTH:101MurraySt., B7871;842AHaySt.

FREMANTLE;179HighSt. L3070.

MIDLAND:HelenaStreet UJ454.

IsNationBeing SungToDeath?

Theyoungaboriginalwhohassuccessfullyrecoveredfromtherumexperienceofbeing"sung"to deathprovidesaheart-warmingexampleofthe justiceandcharitywhichallpeopleshouldhave towardstheircolouredbrethren.Theonlypityofit isthatAustralians,byandlarge,areonlymovedto suchgesturesinacrisis.Whendeathloomsthe nationisstirredtoitsdepths;butindailylivingthe aboriginalpeopleandthatlarge,prolificsection,the de-tribalisednatives,mayfadeawayinmiserywith veryfewwhitementurningahair.Thetimeislong overduewhenthepeopleofthiscountryshouldturn tocontemplatethe.lotofthehalf-casteanddo somethingpracticaltobringhimwithintheambit ofthecommunity.

However,itwasnotofthisthemethatIsetout towrite.Thecaseoftheyoungaboriginalcaused metoponderthatmanywhitepeopleareinlike casewithhim,exceptthattheydon'trecognisethe maladyandhencedonothingaboutgettingtreatment.Thisistheageofcompulsorywireless.If yougointoahotel,abettingshop,yourneighbour's home,youmustperforcelistentothewireless.Even inyourownhomeitiscompulsory.Itiseasyfor peopletosaythatifyoudon'tlikewhatyouhear youcanswitchitoff.Thatissophistry.Ifyou wanttohearanythinggoodyouhavetobepreparedtosufferafranticamountofrubbishbefore yougettoit-thatis,unlessyouhaveaprivate secretarytoselectmodelprogrammes,orthegift ofclairvoyance.

PORNOGRAPHICSOUNDDEBASES

Asaresultofthismoderninstitutionofcompulsorywirelessthousandsofpeopleinthiscountry (andmillionsthroughouttheworld)areliterally beingsungtodeath.Whatthenoiseofradiosis doingtothenervoussystemsofthepeopleIcannot saywithanycertaintybutifmenwhoworkjackhammersarelikelytobecomeneurotic,Ifeelthat thedistinctionisonlyoneofdegreeandnotofkind. IthinkitwasG.K.Chestertonwhoexpressedthe viewthatmusic(classical)wasa"pleasantnoise." Inthecaseofmodernmusicitisjustnoise.Onthe culturalside,itwouldbeseriousifthepresentdaystuffweremerelynegative,contributingnothing toman'sdevelopment.Onthecontraryitispositivelydeleterious,muchofitakintopornography andallofitemotionallydebasing.IfJohnnyRay isthederniercri,itisliketheswansongofour civilisation.

WorldAffairs

BeyondPolitics

WhatevermaybesaidinderogationofSoviet methodsofdiplomacy,noonecandenythatthey arewholehearted.Whattheylackinsuavityand consistencyisseeminglybalanced(totheirsatisfaction)bygiganticgesturesandpersistency.CertainlyintheircurrenteffortstowrecktheNorth AtlanticTreatyOrganisationtheyarebendingover backwardstoconciliateworldopinionandtodrive awedgebetweenBritainandAmericaoverthe delicateissueofpeaceintheMiddleEast.Itispart oftheSovietpsychologythatthebiggertheliethe morechancesithasofdeceiving.So,following swiftlyuponthedestructionoftheStalinmyth, comesthedissolutionoftheCominform.

Thatwouldindeedbeamajorcontributionto worldpeaceiftheco-ordinatingforcebehindthe CommunistPartiesoftheworldwerereallyputout ofexistence.ButtheweaknessoftheKhrushchev tacticisthatitisatamefollower.WhenStalin dissolvedtheCominternandinauguratedtheCominform,thedifferencewasaboutthesameasinthe spellingofthe.twowords.Hemerelychangeda name.Andthatthepresentgestureisjustasempty isattestedinthesimplestpossibleway.Because MalenkovsubmittedtoakissfromaLondontypiste, ouroldfriendErnieThornton,nottobeoutdone waydownhereintheAntipodes,ispicturedinthe PresscrushingaChineseCommunisttohistraitorous bosom.Itisuneasilylikeaparodyofthecharity whichmadetheearlyChristiansremarkable.

APPEALTOWESTERNMORALITY

SotortuousistheRussiangameintheMiddle Eastthatitiseasy(butmistaken)tobelievethat theSovietismerelymakingtrouble.HavingbackedEgyptwitharms,theRussiansnowproposeto backU.N.decisionsintheMiddleEast.That,of course,isasafebetbecausetherewillbenodecisionsemanatingfromU.N.O.Thatvacillating groupcouldnotevenimplementitsdecisiononthe internationalisationofJerusalem.Meanwhilethe KremlinproposestojointheBagdadPactwhile secretlyencouragingNassertoformthenewArab PactwhoseaimisthemenacingofAden.Britain ishopelesslyharassedatbothendsoftheRedSea andtheSovietwillmakemajorcapitalofAmerica's unwillingnesstobeimplicateddirectly.

MeanwhiletheSovietsatellitesarebeingpulled intolineinthe"love-thy-neighbour"campaign.The RedstoogesofPolandhaveannouncedanamnesty for30,000politicalprisonersandreductionofsentencesforanother70,000.ButastheVaticannewspaperhasunderlined,thesearenotactsofclemency butofpoliticalexpediency.Mostoftheprisoners whomaybefreedwereguiltyofnocrimeswhateverunlessoppositiontoCommunismbeacrime. YetitiscuriousthatwhentheSovietwishesto impresstheWest,itemploysthatsincerestformof flattery,imitation.Butitdoesnotimitateitspolitics, economicsorgeneralculture.Itimitateswhatmay

beweakestbutyetthecohesiveelementinits culture-itsChristianity.

SowehavethespectacleofMr.KhrushchevadmittinginLondonthatRussiamaybepartlyto blameforbadrelationswithBritain.Thatsounds likehumility,butitiscounterfeit.Likewisethe clemencytowardsprisonersisnotcharity-butitis averyfaircopy.Yetthatnotionwhichisatthe backoftheheadsoftheKremlinisworthstudying anditwouldcertainlyimprovethepositionofthe. WestifitcouldmeettheRussians'parodyofthe Christianlifewithareinvigoratedspiritofthereal thing.IfwecouldimpressuponSovietRussiathat ourdesiretoimpi'oveoursocialorderandtheconditionoflifeforunderprivilegednationswasmotivated,notbyanyhopeofpoliticaloreconomicgain. butwaspromptedsheerlybyChristianjusticeand charity,wemightmakesomeheadway.

Thecryingneedininternationaldealingsisto findabasiswhichisbeyondpolitics.Outsideof RussiaandhersatellitesandtheIslamicworld,the nationsoftheWeststillliveintheChristiantradition.Itmaybefeeble,compromised,enervatedbutitisstillthereanditistherootofdomestic andinternationallawforthenations.Itsre-assertioninvigorousandunequivocaltermswouldgoa longwaytorestoremoraleandprestigetotheWest whichhaslostgroundindirectproportionasithas actedfromexpediencyratherthanChristianprinciple.WemustneverattempttomeettheRussians intheirownspirit,howeverwearyandsickenedwe growoftheiramoraltactics.Ifwearebuttrueto ourtraditionsweshallprevailintheend.

FREEMENWITHPECTORALCROSSES

Moreover,sincetheSoviethassoparadoxically chosentobasetheirco-existenceappealtotheWest onshammoralpremises,itwouldappearauniquely opportunemomenttodemonstratepubliclywhether theSovietcoinbetrueorbase.Theacidtestis religiousfreedom.SoitisnonsenseforBritish LabouritestobeaskingKhrushchevtofreeimprisonedSocialDemocrats.SimilarlythePolish amnestyisscarcelyworththepaperitiswrittenon. Forthemassofthesemenarenorealdangerto theRedregimebackedbyarmedmightandsecret police.TherealenemiesarethemenwiththepectoralcrossesandthesearethementheSovietand itsdupesdonot,becausetheycannotaffordto, release.WhentheRussianscanbemadetofacethe issueofreligiousfreedom,wecansaythattheirwill topeaceissincere.That,andthatalone,isthetest.

SocialActionIn ChurchDormant

ThattheHierarchyofAustraliashouldcallfor prayersforthepreservationofAustraliaasa ChristiannationandthataCrusadeofPrayerfor thatintentionshouldbeabouttobelaunched throughouttheArchdioceseisstrikingevidencethat ourspiritualleaderslookupontodayasatimeof crisis.IfAustraliaistobepreservedasaChristian nation,theinferenceisthatthecountryisdrifting intopaganism.Thatreflectionmaycomeasashock tosome,butpresumablyonlytomembersofthe ChurchDormant.What,then,arethefactorswhich imperiltheimpactofChristianityuponAustralian life?Itisnotsomuchthatpeoplearebeginning todisbelieveChristiantruthasthattheyhave largelyceasedtoapplyitdomesticallyandsocially.

ItisplainthattheChristianlifeinAustralia (andeverywhereelse,forthatmatter)ismenaced byCommunism.Andthedanger,astheBishopssee it,isnotthatAustralianswillcometoaccept Marxismvoluntarilybutthattheymaybeunwittinglyseducedbyitsphilosophy.Sofarasthe majorityofourpeopleareconcerned,theyhave beenmorethanhalf"conditioned"formaterialism bytheseculareducationsystemandbytheprogressivesecularisationofmarriageandpublicinstitutions.Thatmeansthatsofarassociallifeis concernedreligiondoesnotrunabadsecond-it hasnoofficialexistence.Noonedeniesthatreligion maybeagoodthingfortheindividual,butitmust notencroachintopolitical,economicorbusiness activities.

Forthatastoundingdepartmentalisedviewoflife whichisbasictooursecularcultureProtestantism musttakethemajorshareof,theblame.Buttoo oftenCatholicsalsohavebecomeinfectedwiththe notionthattheChurchshouldkeepoutofpolitics. IftheyconcedethedivinerightoftheChurchto proclaimthemorallawinprivateasinpublic, theysomehowfeelthatitisindelicateandinappropriateformembersoftheChurchtoputforward anycorporateexpressionofthosebeliefsinthe socialsphere.Theyfeelthatitissafeandsufficient fortheChurchmidhenceforCatholicstokeepon repeatingbroad,generalprinciples.TheyareRip VanWinklesandtheworldhasanotherfacewhile theyslept.

THERECORD

450HayStreet,Perth.

AlternativeToStateAbsolutism

Thereisaconstantandperhapsunconsciousnotion atthebackofthemindsofthosewhowouldliketo seeafunctionaldemocracyreplaceourpatentlyinept regionaldemocracythatthechange-over(apartfrom arevolutioninblood)canonly,orchiefly,bepromotedbyinvokingincreasedStateauthoritytocurb andultimatelyendsocialinjustice.Butthisresolutionrunsariskofcreatingaverypowerfulcentral governmentasatemporaryexpedient,andinthe endfindingitsoentrenchedastobeapermanentfixture.Toriskallone'swinningsonaspinofthe wheelmightbewellenoughifonecouldhavecertaintythatthewheelwasundercontrolandcould bestoppedwhenandwheredesired.Thereisalso thefurtherandgreaterdangerofthrustingliberty uponapeopletotallyunfamiliarwithitandunpreparedforit.Admittedly,thetemperofthisnation ismovingslowlybutcertainlytowardsrestoration offreedom,buttheorder,bothofnatureandreason, suggeststhatitwillrisefromthepeopleratherthan beimposedfromabove.

Theconceptoffunctionaldemocracyorth d systemhasbeenconfusedwithFascismforfrillrlous, nebulousormaliciousmotives.Thereisonemajor pointofsimilaritywhichtheLiberalsandtheCommunistshavestrangelymissed.Perhaps,onehalf ofthenewpoliticalregimeswhichwerepopularly calledFascists,hadaguildsystemofindustrial organisation.Theyhadallstrongcentralgovernments.Butinatruecorporationbothwouldbe combined.Yetastrongcentralgovernmentneed notbethesameindeed,mightbedirectlyantithetical tctotalitariangovernment.ForinthetrueCorporatismtheStatecouldbestronglyinthosethings lefttoitaftertheguildswerefunctioningnormally. Thesewouldbeconfinedtomattersofhighstatescraft-defence,foreignpolicy,fiscalcontrol,etc. Thosemultitudinousmattersinwhichmoderngovernmentsmeddle,wouldreverttotheirnaturalcontrol.Industrialorganisationwould,forthemost part,bepurelythebusinessoftheguildswhile education,transportetc.,mightbelefttolocal government.

Therealandpracticaltestofdemocracyshould beinthelastresortthepreservationofindividual liberty.Thiscannotbeachieved,particularlyin Australia,solelybytheFederalGovernment.Local, andthereforeindividual,libertymaybestbepreservedbylocalandStategovernment.

AndhencetheanswertoourproblemofFederal encroachmentandStateabsolutionistwofold.Politicallibertymightbeachievedbyreallydecentralisinggovernmentandincreasingthejurisdictionof ofthelocalauthorities.TheFederalGovernment couldthenbemadesupremeforthepublicgoodin theaffairslefttoit.EconOmicfreedompostulates widelydiffused,small,personalownershipsupplementedbyco-operativeownershipinthosefields whichmistbeconductedonalargescalebasis.And whilethepopulardissatisfactionmustmoveslowly inthisdirection,thepowerlustofourpoliticiansis drivingthematfuriouspacetowardsStateabsolutism.Thisfundamentalclashisthemostsignificant trendofour-irisesanddemonstratesdisturbingly how,sincethewar,theconceptofdemocracyhas fallenintothediscard.Themindsoftherulers andoftheruledarenotmerelycastinopposing directions;theymoveindifferentplanes.

ADDEDINTERESTFORYOUTHSWHO MARCHONEMPIRESUNDAY

TheannouncementbytheArchbishopof aspecialcrusadeofprayerforthepreservationofAustraliaasaChristiannationon Sunday,May6,hasaddedspecialsignificancetotheY.C.W.participationinthe EmpireYouthSundaycelebrations,alsoon thatday.

AftertheceremonyonAssemblyontheEsplantheEsplanadememberswillade,nearBarrack-takes marchtotheCathedralforplaceat2p.m.,a itis aspecialservicewhichwillexpectedthattheY.C.W. nowincludeprayersforthiswillplayaprominentpart intention. inthecelebrations.

SPECIALNOVENA

ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL

Commencing

Wednesday,May2 7.30p.m.to8p.m.

Continuingfor9Wednesdays

GeneralIntention:

THEPRESERVATIONOFAUSTRALIA asa CHRISTIANNATION

HolyMassofferedeachWednesdaymorningin Cathedral,6.45a.m.,forIntentionsofthose attendingtheNovena.

ALLAREINVITEDTOATTEND

4

DangersOfIntellectualSloth ThreatenIndividualandChurch

WhatfollowsisasummaryofachallengingaddressgivenattheNewmanSociety breakfastrecentlybyMr.PatrickHutchings,M.A.,lecturerinphilosophyattheUniversity.

HasscholarshipamongCatholicsbeenreducedtomerecrammingforexaminations, enduredfor"practical"reasons?Istheretimidityaboutfacingthenewperspectiveof lifeposedbythescientificage?Isitenoughtobedefensive,slothfulorcontemptuousof secularlearning?

InthecenturiessincetheReformationand whatusedtobecalledtheRenaissancethere hasbeenanincreasingtensionbetweenthe UniversityandtheChurch:ForsomeCatholics thishasbeenthetensionbetweennatureand grace. Therewillalwaysbetensionbetweennature andgrace;betweenthepurelynaturalmaneven ifheisdedicatedtoAristotle'shigheststateof life,thelifeoftheintellect,andtheChristian.

iFceuponatimethe UersitywasaChristian instution,astherobes stillwornreca11,and eventhentherewasthe conflictbetweenthehighestdevelopmentofnatural wisdomandtheChurchas theguardianofFaith.

In Abelard,ChristianEurope,Peter thegreatestmind ofhisage,wasdenounced bySt.Bernard,thegreatestsaintofhisage.Anotherofthegreatsaintsof theChurchanditsgreatest DoctorhadhisbookscondemnedbytheArchbishop ofCanterburyandburned bytheUniversityofOxford -thesaintwasSaint ThomasAquinas.

Allpartsofhumanlife areintensionandalways willbe:theintellect,the faith,tradition,reason,revelation;wecannotdowithoutasingleoneofthem andwecanrunanyone ofthemtoabsurdity.

Thiswillalwaysbethe caseand,sincetheRenaissence,therehasbeena newandspecialtensionbetweenthemindoftheUniversityandthemindof theChurch.

OutsideAndAgainst

WeCatholicsoftheAntipodesinheritatradition thatstemsfromtheCounter-Reformation:aperiodof theChurchonguardand ontheoffensiveatonce againsttheparticular,passingfashionsin'enlightenment.'

Furthermoreweinherit thedefensiveratherthan theoffensivespirit.The causesofthisaremanifold butmainlysociologicaland historical.

WeCatholicshaveinheritedwithourCatholicism, thetraditionofapolegetic defenceandofsocialdispossessionfromtheleisured classes,who--asJosefPieperrightlymaintains-almostaloneaddanythingto thesumofsystematicknowledge. Wehaveinheritedafight againstthespurious"enlightenments"ofProtestantism,anti-clericaland nowneo-paganuniversities, andwehavecarriediton forthemostpartfromout- sideeprivilegedsocial classwhomthepositions intheintellecturalworld havegone.

Beingoutsideandagainst leadsusveryeasilytobeingindifferenttothevalues thatthe"despoilers"maintain.Wehaveonlytore-

fleetonthenegativismof agreatdealofCatholic apologetic,ortolookatthe awfulnonsensethatweacceptassacredart.

Puttingupwiththese things,eitherfromhabitor imaginednecessityengendersindifferencetotheintellectualvaluesforwhich, whateveritsshortcomings, thesecularUniversity stands.

Theclassiccaseofour culturalcrampistheparadoxofCatholiceducation. Catholicshavemadeuntold sacrificesasBrothersand Nuns,oralaitywiththeir handsconstantlyintheir pockets,tobuild,upthe magnificentCatholicSchool systemsthroughoutAustralia.

EducationCriteria

Theschoolsarethere, monumentstothesacrifice, andchildrenaregivena Christianeducation.But fromthepurelyintellectual pointofview,whatisCatholiceducationlike? Noworsethansecular, thoughthatmightbevery difficultattimes,butno bettereither.Aseducation wedonotreallytakeit seriously.

Ourcriteriaofagood schoolarefirstitsfootball team,andsecondlyitspub-

St.Bernarddenouncedhim lieexaminationresults,and bothofthesecanbemade impressivebymuchthe sameunimaginativeandessentiallytrivialgrind.

DoCatholicschoolsconductanyeducationalexperiments?Arethereany goodCatholicbooksonthe theoryofeducation?Perhapstheansweris"Yes" tobothofthese,butIhave notmetwiththeevidences.

Full-DressTheory

ThereareindeednumerousbooksbyAmerican Rev.Motherson"Whatis thematterwithDewey" and"Whatisthematter withself-expressionineducation,"butthesehardly rankasgreatachievements.

NordoestheConfucian adherenceofsomeofthe teachingorderstotheeducationalaimsandtheories oftheir17thand18th centuryfoundersdoasmuch credittotheheadsasitdoes totheheartsoftheseorders.

Probablythereisnot andoughtnottobesuch athingasafulldress "Theory ofeducation," Catholicorotherwise,but thereispreciouslittleof positivevalueintheeducationalwritingsandpractice ofCatholics,whoarenot philosophicallynaiveand whoarelessriddenby bureaucratsthanState Schoolteachers.

MakingSynthesis

". Beatthecentreof thefoment" ...... NEWHOMES

AT DOUBLEVIEW

WehaveavailableforpurchaseinthisGarden SuburbNewModernBrickandTiledHomes,containinglounge,diningroom,twobedrooms,modelkitchen, electricstove,stainlesssteelsink,plentybuilt-in cupboards,bathroom,tiledshowerrecess,hotand coldwater,basin,etc.Fewminutesbusandshops. Handytoschools.

REASONABLEPRICES.DEPOSITSFROM£1,150.

DUDLEY&DWYER

LIMITED

BUILDERSandDESIGNERS 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH

Itmightbeexpected thattheCatholiccriticism ofmoderneducationwould taketheformofpositive suggestionsand demonstrations.practical Forthe mostpartitisnotthecase. Catholicundergraduates donotcareanymorefor thelifeofthemindthan theothers,andthereisa curiousambivalencein theirattitude. Thereisthefeeling,quite correctonsomeoccasions, thatcertainmattershave beensettledwithauthority bytheChurch,orthatthe wholequestionhasbeen elucidatedinanarticleof St.ThomasAquinas' Summa.

ThestudentcannotrememberwhichCouncil,or whichquestionoftheSummasettlesit,butitis settled,andbecauseofthe constant"boningup"for ordinaryexaminationsin school,hethinksthatthe answercanbegotuptoo, outoftheCatholicEncyclopaediaor,inextreme emergency,fromtheSummaitself.

Thisisdangerousnonsense.Itisnotalllaid on,"neatlywrappedupin pamphletsforapennyin theChurchporch."

versityputstohim,and thatheworkout,withhelp frompeopleproperlyqualified,theanswerinaccordancewiththeprinciplesof theFaith.

Butitisnot,iftheUniversityisdoingitsjob,a matterofthesameoldquestionsrequiringthestock answer.ForafewCatholicintellectualstheduty willbetomaketheeffort atsynthesisforthefirst timeoftheauthorative principlesoftheFaithwith somenewinsightofpure reason.

Thisfullyintellectualattitudeisthepropermodel fortheCatholicstudent, evenifheisnottobea professionalthinker.

HisHolinessPopePius XIIinhismessagetothe twenty-firstCongressof PaxRomana(theInternationalSocietyofCatholic studentsandintellectuals) statesquiteunequivocally thedutiesoftheCatholic intellectual:

"Werecalltoyou,asa cryingneed,twoduties:(1) tobeinthethickofcontemporarythought;(2)to servetheChurch.

"Certainlyandaboveall beatthecentreoftheintellectualfomentatthe momentwhentheintellect iscompelledtoconsider theproblemsofmanand natureinthenewdimensionsinwhichtheywillbe puthenceforth."

Theseareperfectlyclear directions,andtheysum upourdutyforus;arewe doingourduty?Itisnot unprofitableforuswho areexaminingourconsciencesonthismatterto takenoteoftherecent wordsofMonsignorWright, BishopofWorcester,Massachusetts,speakingina milieuwhichisinmanyimportantwaysverylikeour own:

PatienceWithBright

"Therehavebeengrave reasonsinrecentyearsto fearthatwehavefrequentlyrevealedanervous spiritofimpatientandsullenanti-intellectualism -Sincesomanyofthe heresieswhichhavewoundedtheChurchandrobbed herofsomanyofherchildrenhavebeenvoluntarist heresies,anti-intellectualin theirrootsandpretensions, itwouldbepatheticindeed ifanti-intellectualismnow becameacharacteristicof thosewhohaveremained faithfultoherobedience.

"Whatatragicironyit wouldbe,if,aftercenturies ofbattlingforthenatural lawandtherightsandfunctionofreason,aswellas fortheprimacyoftheintellectoverpassion,emotion,instinctorevenwill, theChurchshouldfindherselfrepresentedinthe worldofcollege,thePress ortheforum-bypersons contemptuousofthat'wild, livingintellectofman'of whichNewmanspoke,and cynicalabouttheslow, sometimesfaltering,but patient,perseveringprocessesbywhichintellectualsseektowrestsome measureoforderfromthe chaosaboutus.

"Perhapsatthismoment itisnecessaryforusto developaspecialpatiencewiththebrightandthe sometimesirritatinglybril-liant-apatiencecomparabletothatwhichwehave alwaysvirtuouslytriedto havetowardthedull:

Thestudents'ownintellectualdevelopmentrequiresthathetakeseriouslythequestionstheUm- Continuednextcolumn

HolyNameMenHonourLate

OfficialAtDirector'sDinner

Afoundationmember.ofthePerthDiocesanUnionoftheHolyNameSociety(Mr. E.O'Mahoney)washonouredatadinner tenderedthenationalspiritualdirector(the Rev.D.M.Fitzmaurice,0.P.)lastweek.

Apresentationofacer-yearswasenshrinedinthe tificatetomarkMr.O'Mah-excellentrecordshemade oney'soutstandingservice andacrystalwatersetasa mementoofhislongassociationwiththeexecutive wasmadebythediocesan spiritualdirector(theRev. T.Ahern)whosaidthatMr. O'Mahoneyhadbeena memberoftheexecutive sinceitsinceptionin1937 untilthisyear. Hiscontributiontothe progressofthesocietywas arecordofwhichany Catholicmanmightwellbe proud.Hisworkasminute secretaryforagreatmany

"Anditmightbewellif foraseasonortwowecondemnedintellectualslothas oftenaswedointellectual pride.Thedangersofintellectualpridearemany andgrave,andallwoulddo welltodisciplinethemselvesinthemoralandasceticalcontrolsofthisvice, asofallothers.

"Butthedangersofintellectualstagnationarenot lessgrievousalikeforindividual.personality,forthe commongoodandforthe Church.

"Thewrathofthestupid haslaidwastetheworld quiteasoftenashasthe craftofthebright."

TherelevanceofBishop Wright'sremarkstoourown caseisbroughtoutbythe remarkofanotedCatholic sociologistcommentingon theBishop'swords:

"InthelastcenturyhumbleCatholicsstruggledto retaintheirfaithfortheir childrenandthemselvesin avirulentlyanti-Catholic nation.Theybuiltthe churchesandelementary schoolsthathelpCatholic Americasurvive.

"TheChurchhasnow caughtherbreath but futureprogressispartlydependentondevelopmentof Catholicscholarship.This istheproblemofCatholic Americainthemid-twentiethcentury."

ofthedoingsofthesociety. Allregrettedthefactthat hehadfounditnecessary toresignandtheexecutive wouldbethepoorerbecause ofhisabsencefromits meetings.

Mr.M.F.Foley,thegeneralsecretary,saidthatit hadbeenhisprivilegeto workwithMr.O'Mahoney throughoutalmostthewhole ofhislonganddistinguishedservice.Hismeticulous attentiontothedutiesofhis officeandhisunbounded enthusiasmforthesociety haddoneagreatdealto promoteitsadvancement andthosewhoservedwith himfoundhimaninspirationandanencouragement infacingtheproblemsinseparablefromtheworkof thesociety.

Theywishedhimevery happinessandcontentment inhisdewsphere,but hopedthathewouldreturn tohisformerhometotake partintheworkofthe executiveatsomefuture date.

Inthecourseofafeeling responseMr.O'Mahoneyreturnedthanksforthetributesmadetohisservices andforthepresentations. Hehadderivedtheutmost pleasurefromhisassociationwiththeexecutiveand withthosewhohadconstituteditsincehefirstbecameoneofitsmembers.

Heeulogisedtheworkof Mr.Foleyandfeltthatper- hapsthegreatestservicehe haddonethesocietywasto encourageMr.Foleytobecomeitssecretary.

Mr.O'Mahoneyeulogised theworkwhichthesociety hadstriventoaccomplish andexhortedthatevery encouragementshouldbe heldouttothejuniormembersonwhomtheresponsibilitywouldultimatelydevolvetocarryonboththe traditionsandadvancement ofthesocietyinthearchdiocese.

"Perhaps,too,weshould beslowtolabel'revolutionaries'or'liberals'inanyunfavourablesensethosewho, havemanyideas,including occasionaldisturbingideas, insteadofamerecomfortablefew-ornone!

Watsonia

Thursday,April26,1056

IReadAnd.Liked

By"RONSARD"

ItiswellthatIhaveasaferetreatin thetitleofmycolumn,becauseIcanquite oftenagreewithmuchofwhatmycriticssay whilestillmaintainingmyownattitudethat Ilikedthebookinquestion.

WhilstIagreewholeheartedly with"Augustine"aboutthe moralissuesinvolvedintheillicitloveaffairbetweenHanSuy ingandherAmericanin"A Many-SplendouredThing"Ifeel thatherownpartwascondition edbyherpaganoutlook,andit didnotspoilmyenjoymentof thebook.

Hadtherolesbeenreversed, andthewriteraChristianhaylogan"affaire"withapaganit wouldnothavefallenintothe categorycoveredbymycolumn.

Ifeltmuchmoreinclinedto overlookherlackofChristian moralsthanthebetrayalofthose samestandardsbyherAmerican lover.

WhatIlikedwastheinsight intothemindofthepresentdayChinesefaced.withthe choiceoftheirtraditionalwayof lifeandmaterialisticCommon' ism.

Incidentally,thetraditional Chinesewayoflifelooked fondlyuponconcubinage,and, althoughHanSuyingwaseducatedinaCodvent,sherejected Christianityataveryearlyage afterkickingtheMotherSuper' iorintheshins.Shewantedto bewhollyChinese.

ThisweekIhavefinallycornpletedapleasurabletaskwhichI setmyselfacoupleofmonths ago-areviewoftheabridgementofToynbee's"Studyof History."

Theresultsofmylabourswill befoundfurtheron,butthein elusionofsuchalongwrite-up posedmewithaproblem whethertocarryontherestof thecolumnornot. Itsohappenedthatduring thepastfortnightIacquiredtwo .bookswhichillustrateaspectsof

Toynbee'stheoryofhistory,and Ihavenotbeenabletoresistin. eludingthem.

ThefirstisanimaginaryautobiographyoftheemperorHadrian,whosereignwitnessedthe RomanEmpire'sattempttoconsolidateitsconquestsbeforeit begantoslitherdowntheslope toitsfinalextinction.

Theotheristhefactualstory ofthelastdaysoftheauthorof ItalianFascism,apoliticalsystemwhichsufferedfromtheincurablediseaseoflookingbackwardsinsteadofforwardforits inspiration.

MEMOIRSOFHADRIAN

ByMargueriteYourcenar

TheemperorHadriantypifies theRomanEmpireintheIndian summerofitsexistence:Heit waswhosawthedangersinherentintryingtocontrolthefar, flungconquestsofhispredecessorTrojan,andhepursueda policyofestablishingfriendly relationswiththestronger nationsontheborderswhileat thesametimestrengthening thosebordersthemselves.

Hehasleftmoredurable monumentsthanmostotherem perors,andduringhisreignthe worstexcessesofviceandintriguewerefirmlyputdown.

ThedecadenceoftheHellen, iswayoflifewas,however,too deeplyembeddedintheEmpire, andHadrian'sownquasi-idolatry oftheyouthAntinousissymp tomaticoftheweakeningofthe generalmoralfibre.

ItmayseemstrangethatHad rianshouldhavehadtowait 900yearsforabiographer,and,

whenyouexaminethesources quotedbytheauthoressyouwill noticethatonewaspublished afterHadrian'sdeathbyhis freeman,Phlegon,infactitwas probablyanautobiographyin whichtheemperorusedPhlegon asa"ghost."

Thisbookis,however,more thanabiography;itreadsmore likeanhistoricalnovel,andthe atmosphereofimperialRome, whichitevokesisastoundingly sensitive.

Itisaworkofart(Pawingits materialfromabroadscholarship,anditrichlydeservesthe praisesthathavebeenshowered uponit.

Theaveragereaderoflight novelswillnotbeimpressed,but anyonewhoenjoysapoetic pieceofwritingandanexcursionintothefieldofauthentic historyreconstructionwillnothe disappointed.

MycopyfromFranceska Bookshop.Thepriceis18/9.

OneOfFinestHistoriesWritten

Handin.hand

Fromtheearliestdays,childrenlearntotrust others.Theynaturallyturntogrown-upsfor helpandguidancz.

Inthesameway,grown-upsandchildren too-turnforassistanceinfinancialmattersto theBankofNewSouthW::les(Austrilia'soldest companyandlargesttradingbank).Many familieshavebankedwithusforgenerations. Tensofthousandsofnewcustomersuseour serviceseveryyear.Theyknow"youcanbank onthe'Wales'".

You.too,canbecomeacustomerofthe "Wales".InmostAustralianStatesandTerritorieseventheyoungestchildrencanopensavings accountsintheBankofNewSouthWalesSavings BankLimited.AndthroughoutAustralia,New Zealand,Fiji,PapuaandNewGuinea,young peoplewhohaveleftschoolandbeguntoearna regularincomecanopenchequeaccountswiththe BankofNewSouthWales.

IfyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheBank's services,callatanybranchofthe

BANK

evitabilityor'mechanicalrepetitionofpatternaspredeterminingthefuture.

Inconsideringtheproblem confrontingourownwestern civilisationheholdsthat,althoughonasurfaceglance,we arefollowingthecoursewhich hasappearedbefore,wediffer fromprecedingcivilisationsin theuniquereligionwhichwas ourparent.

Anyonewhoreadshistorynowadays mustinevitablyencounterthenameofProfessorArnoldToynbee.HisStudyofHistoryisgenerallyconsideredthefinestthing ofitskindeverwritten. Unfortunatelytheenormous sizeofthework(itisinten volumes)putsitcompletelyout-, sidetherangeofanybutthe selectbandofstudents,and thereitwouldprobablyhaveremainedifhismasterpiecehad notfoundinMr.,Somervellan admirerwhowaspreparedtodevotehistimeandtalentstothe taskofcondensingitintoone volumewhichbringsthisenorm ousstudyintothepracticalread, ingrangeofthemass.

Ishouldimaginethatatsonic timeinthenearfutureweshall secasecondvolumeofthis abridgementcoveringthelast fourbooksofthestudy,which havebeenwrittenbyProfessor Toynbeeoverthepasttenyears. Inthemeantimethisbook standssafelyonitsown,asthe lastfourofthemajorworkconsistofadevelopmentofthe mainagrumentsetoutinthe firstsix. WhenIconsideredthetaskof writingareviewofthisabridge-

Thereisstillhopethatwe shallnotgodownasothersbeforeus."Anapostatewestern Christendommaybegiventhe gracetobebornagainasa ChristianRepublicwhichwas itsownearlierandbetterideal ofwhatitshouldstrivetobe."

SaltLosesFavour

Ifonecouldpresumetosum upProfessorToynbee'stheory inafewwordsitisthatthefall ofallpreviouscivilisationshas beenbroughtabout,notbymaterialforces,butbythenatureof man. "ThisEnglandneverdid,nor nevershall, Lieattheproudfootofa conqueror, Butwhenitfirstdidhelpto wounditself Noughtshallmakeus rue, IfEnglandtoitselfdorest buttrue."

Itisapleasuretofindso greatanhistoriankeenlyaware oftheimportanceofChristianitytotheworld,andsoacutely consciousoftheforceswithin ourpresent-daylifewhich:.re mostdestructiveofthecivil's, ationwhichisbasedonChrist ianity.

Speakingofreligionsgenerallyhemakesthetrenchantpoint that''t-hegreatbulkoftheir nominaladherents,howeverex;kitedthecreedstowhichthey professlip-service,stillliveina mentalatmospherewhich,so larasreligionisconcerned,a. notfarremovedfromasimple paganism."

Heblamesthisforthefailure ofthegreatspiritualforces' achievingtheobjectivewhich theydeserve.

Referringspecificallyto Christianityhesaysthat"the mainreasonwhythiswould-be westernSaltoftheEarthisin dangertodayoflosingitssavour isbecausethegreatmassofthe westernbodysocialhasremain edunsalted."

Thechapterontheriseand declineofthePapacyintern poralaffairsisamasterlyanalysisofthereasonsforthelossof itsmaterialpowerbutisanoversimplificationoftheproblemif oneacceptsthedivinecharacter oftheChurch.

Evenso,althoughhedisregardsitforthepurposesof studyingthephysicalruleofthe Papacyasaformofmaterial power,Toynhecisnoton:male ofthisspiritualcharacter. HeadmitsthatthePapal ChristianRepublicwhichwas Christendom"isuniqueamong humaninstitutions." Hisfinalparagraphabsolves himfromanychargeofblindnesstothespiritualcharacterof theonepowerwhichheasan historiancanseeasthesalvation ofourwesterncivilisation.

Despitetheparablesofhistory"thisuniqueinstiution(the Papacy)hassurvived,"andhe lookstoittotakeupagainthe rolewhichitheldwhenitestablishedourpresentlifeand thoughtintheseventhcentury.

HishopeisthatthePapacy willlearnthelessonsofhistory:"If,atthiscrucial*inent,a.secondHildebran id arise,wouldourdelivererthis timebeforearmed,bythewisdomthatisbornofsuffering, againstthatfatalintoxicationof victorywhichruinedthegreat workofPopeGregoryVII?"

Iwoulddisagreealsowithhis viewofthe"FarWestern"or "Celtic"ChristianChurchasa separatebranchofWesterncivilisation.

MinorDefects

Thisisbasedonthepremise thattheevidencesofabreakin liaisonwithRomearetheresultofthedevelopmentofan independentCliristianChurch ratherthanthetemporarycollapseofnormalcommunications.

Hepostulatesfromthisthe theorythat,uptotheCouncilof Whitbyin664,theEnglish mighteasilyhavejoinedwith theIrishtoformathirdgroup ofChristians.

Finally,IfeelthatProfessor Toynbeeonlyvaguelyrealises theOrientalparentageofthe philosophyofCommunism.

Heexplainsitasareaction from,andareversalof,Western Capitalisation,despitethefact thatberealisestheincompatibilityofitstheory(asheunderstandsit(anditsaction.

Strangelyenough,theacceptanceoftheOrientalparentage ofCommunismfitsinmuchbetterwithhisgeneraltheoryof historythandohisattemptsto explainawaytheparadox.

TheLateBenitoMussolini

MUSSOLINI-TWILIGHT ANDFALL

ByRomanDombrowski

ThelastdaysofMussolini producedoneofthemostsickeninghorrorsofthewar.The newsflashedaroundtheworld thatthebodiesoftheItaliandic tatorandhismistress,ClaraPetacci,hadbeenhungbythefeet inapublicsquareinMilanfor theexecrationofthepeople.

Thedescriptionoftheghoul, ishtreatmentaccordedtothe corpsesismysaddestrecollec tionoftheItalianpeople.

ExecutiontheDucerichlyde served,butonehadtogohack sixhundredyears,tothedeath ofColadiRienzi,tofindaparallelforthedisgustingscenesin thePiazzaleLoreto.

RomanDombrowskoisaPol. ishjournalistwhohadhadseveralinterviewswithMussoliniin thedaysbeforethewar.He haspainstakinglygatheredtogetherthedetailsoftheingloriouscareeroftheItalianPreni' ierfromthedayinJuly1943 whentheFascistGrandCouncil votedagainsthimtillthatfatal dayinApril1945whenthe partisanbulletsmowedhim down.

Hedrawsthecurtainquickly onthatfinalscene,whichoccii, piesonlypartofonechapter.

Therestofthehookshows thedeteriorationoftheoncepowerfulleaderintoafawning satelliteofHitler,butthefinal judgmentofthereaderwill probablybemoremercifulthan wasthatofthemobinMilan.

MycopyfromAlberts'Bookshop.Thepriceis26/,

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90StirlingSt.,Perth

WOODandCOAT..MERCHANT

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo PHONE:BA3938

mentIwasfacedwithanutn herofproblems.

'toattempttoexplainitscon, tentswouldbetogiveaprecis ofanabridgementofanoriginal work,andthatseemedtobean absurdtask,akintothenut withinthenutwithinthenut.

Tocriticisethecontents wouldbetolayoneselfopento ajustifiablechargeofpresumption;andtoexplainjustwhy youhadreadandlikeditwould servenoveryusefulpurpose withouttheothertwo.

Obviouslyitwouldbeimpossibletowriteaboutthebookat allwithoutfollowingallthree courses,soIshallbeginbysayingthatitisabookwhichcannotbereadbyanyonenotin terestedinthemeaningofhistory.

CivilisationTest

Atthesametimeanyonewho isinterestedcannotfailtohave hiswholeoutlookonhistory freshened(andprobablyalter, ed)asaresult.

Thisisabookonewould havetoreadseveraltimestoohsorbthoroughly,.anditisahook whichwillbereadmanytimes bythosewhopossessit.

Itcoversthewholeperiodof timeofwhichwehaveanyhis toricalrecords,anditdoesnot treatofnationsbutofcivilisations.

ToToynbeenationshaveno significanceexceptinsofaras theyhavebeenunwittinginstrumentsinthegrowthordecayof thecivilisationofwhichthey areapart.

Heexaminesthevarious theorieswhichhavebeenpropoundedtoexplaintheriseand fallofcivilisationsofthepast, andrefutesthemonebyonein theclearlightoftheirfailureto explainthefactsofhistory. Heisnoprophetofdisaster, andherefusestoacceptanyin-

FultonSheenwouldscarcely haveexpresseditdifferently.

Again,comparingthemystics ofpreviouscivilisationwith thoseofChristianity,heputshis fingerimmediatelyandunerringlyonthefactthat"theylacked thecardinalChristianvirtueof love." Therearethreepointson whichIfoundmyselfdisagreeingwithProfessorToynbee.

Buttheseareveryminordisagreements,andfromanhistorianonecanscarcelyexpectthe mindandthoughtofaCatholic theologian.

Onecanonlybowtothevast eruditionofProfessorToynbee, andtotheclarityofhismind. Anhistorianwhocanbuildup astudyofwhichthelogicaloutcomeisaMan-Godwhowould establishthelastandgreatest civilisationisaphenomenonin thismaterialisticage.

MycopyfromAlbert'sBookshop.Thepriceis46/6.

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CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

)NEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

Phones---Headmaster&Staff:MU1882;Matron,MV1520. FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS. BoysadmittedfromSevenupwards. RcautifullySituated,overlookingtheRiver,nearthenew CanningBridge.

ForParticularsApplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade, Mt.Henry.

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PLAZAARCADE, PERTH

'PHONE:B7388.

L.HARTY(LateDunklings,Ltd.),Manager.

4

OneInEightOfVCAwards WereGivenToCatholics

ThebronzeVictoriaCross,supreme awardforgallantrybymembersofthearmedforcesoftheCommonwealthintimeof war,wasinstitutedbyQueenVictoriajust onehundredyearsago,althoughtheaward wasmoderetrospectiveto1854andthefirst CrosswaswoninJuneofthatyear.

ThissummerQueenVictoria's great-greatgranddaughter, QueenElizabethII,istomark thecentenarybyreceivingas manyaspossibleoftheliving holdersoftheCrossatagarden partyinLondon.

About400gallantmenwillbe invitedandofthesebetween50 and60,itseems,areCatholics.

Itisnotsuggested,ofcourse, thatthevalourofCatholicsold iersdiffersfromthatofmenof otherfaiths,yetinacommen tarydevotedtonewsofCatholics.Britain,itisperhapsfittinoglancethroughthelist of200men,professingtheCath olicFaith,afterwhosenames mayheplacedthemagicletters

DedicatedLifeToCareOf AgedAndSick

Thebestknownofliving CatholicholdersoftheVictoria Crosswasnotamemberofthe Churchwhenhewonhisdecor, ation,butwasreceivedafter WorldWarII.HeisGroup CaptainLeonardCheshire,who servedintheRoyalAirForce andwas,incidentally,theoffic ialBritishobserverwhenthe firstatomicbombwasdropped overJapaninthesummerof 1945.

WhenhostilitiesceasedChes hireresolvedtodedicatehislife tothecareoftheagedandthe sick.Hestartedwithnomoney buthisboundlessfaithhasenabledhimtoestablishaseriesof homesinwhichmanyunfortunatepeoplearefindingcomfort andaffection.

StonyhurstRecord

Oneoftheseisinhistoric WardourCastle,intheEnglish countyofWiltshire,nowthe propertyoftheJesuitswhohave leasedittoCheshire.

AidingGroupCaptainCheshireatWardourCastleisan otherCatholicholderofthe V.C.-ColonelH.M.ErvineAndrews;healsodecidatedhis lifetotheserviceofthoseover takenbymisfortuneandthe greaterpartofhisincomegoes tohelpoldanddisabledpeople.

Heisnowtheonlysurvivor ofsevenholdersoftheVictoria Crosswhoseportraitshangin theboysrefectoryatStonyhurstCollege,Britain'sfamous Jesuitschool,wheretheywere educated.

RemarkableRecord

Stonyhurst'srecordis,perhaps,themoreremarkablesince thesesevenexpupilsincludethe BritishArmy'sfirstrecipientsof theVictoriaCrossinboth WorldWars.ColonelErvineAndrewsholdsthishonourfor WorldWarII;andyoungofficernamedMauriceDease.killed alittlemorethanaweekafter hostilitieshadbegun,wonthe awardinWorldWarI. Thereis,however,aneighth Stonyhurstboywhoalsowon theCross,butwhoisnotshown int rowofportraits.This was ryClifford,whofought

MI158 L1460

MEADSON&CO c"IrNERAI.D1RECT0R,.

190ALBANYROAD VICTORIAPARK 13CANNINGHIGBWA FASTFRP.MANTI

throughouttheCrimeanWar andwas,indeed,oneofthefirst soldierstowhomtheCrosswas awarded.

Cliffordwasamemberofone ofEngland'sgreatCatholicfain, ilies-hewasthethirdsonof theseventhLordCliffordof Chudleigh.Severalofhisimmediaterelationsservedthe Church-oneofhisbrothershe cameabishop-butthegreatest ecclesiasticaldistinctioninhis familywasthefactthathewas thegrandsonofaCardinal.

Clifford'sDiaries

Hismotherwastheonlychild ofThomasWeld,ofLulworth Castle,intheEnglishcountyof Dorset,who,afterthedeathof hiswife,becamefirstapriest andthenaCardinal.

HenryCliffordwonhisVic toriaCrossforoutstandfngcour agewhileleadingachargedur, ingtheBattleofInkerman.He wasconstantlyinactionduring thewholeoftheCrimeanWar andwhenhedied27yearslater heleftbehindhimaseriesof diarieswhichhaverecentlybeen publishedunderthetitleof "LettersandSketchesfromthe Crimea."

DeeplyCompassionate

Theyoungmanhadanobservanteyeandwouldtoday, havebeendescribedasafirst classforeigncorrespondentand afairlygoodartist.Hisletters homeandhissketchesbringto

lifetheprivatesoldierofthe periodandthebattlesinwhich hefought.

Cliffordwasahorrifiedspec, tatorofthefamousChargeof theLightBrigade,but,curiously enough,althoughhewasbadly woundedhedoesnotoncemen, tionFlorenceNightingale.

Inspiteofhisprofession, whichatthattimedidnotseem todemandagreatdealofsen, sibility,hewasbothadecaly compassionateandaveryreligiousman,withatouchingcare fortheprivatesoldierwho foughtunderhim.

IrishNames

HenryCliffordwonhisVic, toriaCrossonNovember,1854, buthewasnotthefirstCatholic togainthehonour.Thiswas anIrishman,Major-GeneralSir LukeO'Connor,towhomitwas awardedinSeptemberofthat year.

Infact,manyholdersofthis inconspicuouslittlebronzecross whichmarkstheverysummitof couragehaveborneIrishnames.

AnotherIrishCatholictowin itduringtheCrimeanWarwas ColonelThomasEsmonde, whosegrand-nephew,Lieutenant-CommanderEugene Es, monde,wontheCrossinWorld WarIIforleadingtheairattack ontheGermanpocket-battleship SchornhorstandGneisnauwhen theyescapedthroughtheEnglishChannel-oneofthefew casesoftwoVictoriaCrossesbe ingheldinthesamefamily.

ThemenwhowillheQueen Elizabeth'sguestsnextJunewill comefromallpartsofaCom monwealthneverdreamedof whenQueenVictoriamadethe firstawardonesunnydayin 1857inLondon'sHydePark. AllBritainwillsalutethem.

Anti-ClericalsTryToForce DemocratsOutOfPolitics

GuatemalaCity,April 13.-Anti-clericalsin Guatemala'sNationalAssemblyhaveunitedinan efforttoforcetheChristianDemocraticPartyout ofthenation'spolitical arena.

Theyarebackingan electoralbillnowbeingdebatedbytheAssembly whichforbidstheuseby anypoliticalpartyofa

HungarianReds

Release

Prelate

Vienna,April12,-A

reportthatcommunist Hungaryhadreleased ArchbishopJosephGroesz ofKalocsafromPrison hasbeenconfirmedhere.

TheArchbishopisreportedtobelivinginthe villageofSolymar,18miles northeastofBudapest.He hasnotbeenpermittedto returntohispost.

Itisbelievedherethat hispositionissimilarto thatofHisEminenceAloysiusCarindalStepinac.

ArchbishopofZagreb.The Cardinalhasbeenconfined tohisnativevillageof Krasicsincehewasreleased fromprisonbytheYugoslavcommunistsin1951.

ArchbishopGroeszwas sentencedto15yearsin prisonin1951ontrumpedupchargesthatheplotted tooverthrowtheHungarian governmentwiththehelp oftheUnitedStates.

The government-run Budapestradiostationhad announcedthe"release"of ArchbishopGroeszlast October.

MichaelG.O'BrienTelephone:MT"-7111 M

4 PAINTINGCONTRACTOR20 southabel Street, Perth.

namecontainingareligious reference.

Ifthebillisadopted, whichisconsideredlikely inviewoftheanti-clerical majorityintheAssembly, theChristianDemocrats willhavetochangetheir nameordisband.

RunByHierarchy?

Thebillwasintroduced intheAssemblybytheanticlericalleader,Col,GuillermoFloresAvendano,who hasdeclaredthattheChristianDemocraticPartymust disappearbecauseitis "run"bytheCatholichierarchy.

Theanti-clericalsareorganisingthemselvesintoa newpoliticalpartywhich, intheopinionofCatholic leadershere,willbeaimed atpreventingtheChurch fromexercisingtherights itwasgrantedbyGuatemala'snewconstitution.

ToRestrictRights

Thenewparty'sleaderis LionelSisiniegaOtera,unsuccessfulcandidatefor mayorofGuatemalaCity inrecentmunicipalelections.Itsmembersinclude anumberofgovernment officials.

PopeTellsFarmersTo MoveWithTheTimes

(ByFatherJamesI.

Tucek)

VaticanCity,April13.-Fortythousand farmerspackedSt.Peter'sBasilicatohear HisHolinessPopePiusXIIurgethemto "alignthemselvesonthefrontoftechnical andprofessionalprogress"andtobewary of"thelureofCommunism."

TheHolyFathercalled thefarmers"thehealthy trunkofthegreattreeof thenation."Hebasedhis talkonthethreedutiesof thefarmerthatconcernhis lifeinthefields,hislifein societyandhislifeinthe Church.

First,thePopesaid,"the farmertodaycannotcontinueinpatriarchalmethods.Hemustacquirea technicalknowledgeofhis profession,followingthe directionofthosewhoare recognisedinthescience andartofagriculture."

Becausethefarmer'slife isinameasuresetapart, theHolyFathersaid,there isadangerthathemight regardhimselfasbeingcut offfromtheactivitiesofthe nationandperhapsconsider himselfinapositionofinferiorityinrespecttoother citizens.

FoundationOfNation

"Nothingcouldbefarther fromthetruth,"thePope emphasised.

"Thefarmeristhefoundationofthenation,whetherconsideredforhisoutstandingeconomiccontribution,forhissanityorfor hisvigourandmorality."

Thefarmhas given societyinnumerablesaints, artists,scientistsandstatesmen,thePontiffrecalled. "Continueinthissplendid tradition,"hetoldthefarmers,warningthemagainst "disintegratingforcesthat

areeagertodrawyouinto theirorbit."

Thebasicdutyofthe farmer,thePopepointed out,isthatofcultivating himselfreligiously."Keep yourselfinclosestcontact withthepriest,"heurged.

"GodhasmadeHimself visibleinHisonly-begotten Sonwho,inturn,continues 'todwellamongus'inthe eternalpriesthoodofthe Church.Inthepriestisthe truewaytoChrist.Heis thetreasuryofthemeansof sanctification,theauthoritativeheraldoftheGospel."

CareOfYouths

AlthoughthePopedidnot mentiontheCommunistsby name,heobviouslyreferred tothemwhenhespokeof theinnumerableorganisationsandprogrammesin whichfarmersareaskedto participate.

Thesedolittlemorethan toconfusetheirideas,he said,sothat"oftenthey cannotdistinguishjustfrom unjust,rightfromgreed, libertyfromslavery-ina word,thetruegoodfrom commonruin."

ThePopeurgedthefarmerstoadherefirmlytothe principlesofChristiansocial doctrine,"This,"hesaid, "istheunshakabletouchstonethatmeritsthefull faithofthehonestworkers, sinceitisfoundedonthe eternalorderestablishedby God."

TheHolyFatherstressed thatfarmyouthsmustbe encouragedtoacquiremodernprofessionalculture,and thattheymustbegiventhe timeandmeanstodevelop themselves.

SevenAskFor BaptismPrior ToExecution

Yambio,Sudan,April13.-Threepaganandfour Protestantsoldiersasked tobebaptisedinthe Catholicfaithbeforethey wereexecutedhere.

Theywereamong15Sudanesesoldierswhowere shotfortakingpartina mutinyoftroopslastAugust. Duringtheautotripto theplaceofexecution,the condemnedmenrecitedthe Rosaryaloud.Oneofthem askedhisrelativesnotto mournhisdeathandnot toshavetheirheadsaccordingtoapagancustom. Instead,heaskedthemto prayforthereposeofhis soul.

FinalMessage

Anotheroneofthecondemnedsoldiersaskedthat thefollowingmessagebe senttoBishopEdward Mason,VicarApostolicof Bahrel-Ghazal: "Iaskpardonforhaving transgressedthelawofGod andoftheChurch.Iwish tothankyouandthemissionariesmostprofoundly forwhatyouhavedonefor me."

WhenBishopIreneus Dud,,,VicarApostolicof Rumbek,visitedthemission hereheofferedaRequiem Massfortheexecutedmen.

Theanti-clericals,Catholicleadersbelieve,will trytorestrictthebroad generalrightsgrantedto theChurchintheconstitutionbymeansoflegislation, restrictingtheinterpretationofthoserights.

WholeBibleNow

AvailableToJaps

TOKYO,April12.-TheentireCatholicBiblehasbeen translatedintoJapanseeforthe firsttime.

ThefinalhookofathreevolumeetditionoftheOld Testamentisreadyfurpublication.

TheNewTestamentwas translatedintoJapanesealong timeago,butitwasnotuntil recentlythataCatholictranslationoftheOldTestamentwas undertaken.

Thepublicationworkisbeing doneunderthedirectionof FatherEusehiusBreitung,a GermanFranciscanwhoisdirectoroftheKumyoshiPressin Sapporo.

RADIOReplies

History Apologetics

ByREV.DR.RUMBLE,M.S.C.

TopicalQuestions Philosophy SocialJustice TheChurchInTheModernWorld Theology

AnglicansAreNotBoundByCanons

EstablishedOver300YearsAgo

Anglican,Sydney:Sometimeagoyousaid thatHighChurchAnglicanswhobendtheir kneeinreverencetowardsthealtarwhen enteringorbeforeleavingtheirchurchesare butimitatingRomanCatholics.

R.:Idid.Andsucha practiceiscertainlynot normalChurchofEngland proceedure.Youwillfind nowarrantforitinthe BookofCommonPrayer.

OneAnglicanherein Sydneywhoindulgedin thepracticewasrebukedby hisrectorwiththewords: "Wedon'tdothatkindof thing."

Anti-PuritanLaws

Q.:Areyouawarethat Anglicansareboundby theCanonLawsofthe ChurchofEngland"to doreverenceandobeisancebothincomingin andgoingoutofour churchesaccordingto themostancientcustom ofthePrimitiveChurch inthepuresttimes?"That lawiscontainedinthe Canonsof1640,passed byConvocationinthe timeofKingCharlesI, over300yearsago.

R.:Youhavereadthatin someAnglo-Catholicbook. Buttheso-calledCanonsof 1640havenoauthority whateverintheChurchof England.Theywereanti-

thetimeofWilliamLaud, ArchbishopofCanterbury.

Hewasarrestedinthe Decemberofthatyear. Amongthechargesagainst himwasthatofattempting toaltertheconstitutionof theChurchofEngland;and hewasbeheadedonJanuary10,1645,afterthree yearsinprison. Therecent"Reportofthe CommissiononCanonLa intheChurchofEngland," aCommissionsetupbythe ArchbishopsofCanterbury andYork,expresslyrejectedtheso-calledCanons of1640onthegrounds, firstly,thattheConvocationsdrewthemupafter thedissolutionofParliament,whentheytherefore lackedauthority.

NeverHadAuthority

Secondly,becausethey wereexpresslycondemned bythenextParliament: thirdly,becausetheActof 1661,underKingCharles II,declaredthatnothingin ecclesiasticallawshouldbe regardedasconfirmingthe Canonsof1640. Fourthly,because,in1850, theCourtofArches,the Puritanlawsproposedin Continuednextcolumn

Yfeelineee®COONDOW1199@exing

DoesDivorce'VasChrist'sManhoodBroken DifferFrom Annulment?InSufferingsOfHisPassion?

Q.:Wouldyouplease oommentontheenclosedletterfromthe "Mirror,"ofFebruary 14last?

R.:Theletterwaswritten byaMr.G.W.Joyce.He complainedaboutArchbishopFisher'sstatement thatHenryVIIIdidnotobtaindivorces,buthadhis marriagesannulled,avery differentthing.

Afteraclosestudyofthe dictionary,Mr.Joycearrivedattheconclusionthat anannulmentisonlyadivorceunderanothername, andaddsthat,asalayman, hefgelsthattospeakofa differencebetweenthemis merelytotoywithwordsin ordertomeetcertainoccasionsastheyarise.

AmbiguousWord

Hethereforeasksthat,if thereisadifference,thedefinitionshouldbeexplainedmoreclearly.

NowIwillinglyadmit thattherearegoodgrounds forMr.Joyce'sobservations andrequest.

Fortheword"annulment"isambiguous.In onesenseitcanmeana declarationthatwhatwas thoughttobeamarriage neverwastrulyamarriage owingtosomevitaldefect, andfromtheverybeginningthereforewasnulland void.

Suchadeclarationshould becalleda"DecreeofNullity,"notan"Annulment."

Itisapitythatthislatter wordevercametobeused ofsuchcases.For"annulment"conveysthesenseof renderingnullandvoid somethingnotofitselfnull andvoid.

PopeSawThrough A"DecreeofNullity" says:"Thisalwayswasnull andvoid;"an"Annulment," "Thisbecomesnulland voidfromnowon."Inthis sense,thereisnodifferencebetweenanannulment andadivorce.

Butthereisanimmense differencebetweena"DecreeofDivorce"dissolving amarriagebond,anda"DecreeofNullity"declaring thatnomarriagebondever reallyexisted.

Thisexplanationdoesnot helpArchbishopFisher.For whilstHenryVIIIsoughta "DecreeofNullity"from thePope,thePopesaw throughthepretence,realisedthatHenrywasreally seekingannulmentordivorceproperlyso-called,and refusedtograntit.

highestAnglicanecclesiasticaltribunal,fromwhich appealcanbemadeonlyto thePrivyCouncil,declared thattheCanonsof1640 have"neverhadanybindingauthorityinthese courts."

TheReportoftheCommissiondeclaredtherefore:

"TheChurchofEngland hasneversoughttohave themmadepartofecclesiasticallaw,"andaddedthat theCanonsof1640were "soobviouslythewishesif aparticularpartyinChurch andStateataparticular momentinhistory."

"Atheist,"Belmore: piecesandadmitit?

R.:No.IntheGardenof OlivesHewentthroughan agonyofsoulsforthesinsof men-overwhichtheydon't agonise-andHesaid:"My soulissorrowfulevenunto death."

ButifHeprayed: "Father,ifitbepossible, letthischalicepassfrom me,"Heatonceadded: "Nevertheless,notasIwill, butasThouwilt."

Thatisnottheprayerof onewhohasgonetopieces! Norwastheunexampled self-controlandcourage withwhichChristwent throughallthesubsequent andgrimdetailsofHispassionanddeathonthecross. Q.:DidHenotsayHewas nolongeramanbuta worm?

R.:No.Thosewordswere spokenpropheticallyofHim centuriesearlierinPsalm 21(inyourProtestantVersion,Psalm22). Theywereametaphorical descriptionofHimasHe wouldappeartothosebeholdingHiminthemidst oftheafflictionsofHispassion,notofwhatHischaracterhadbecomeinreality.

HeControlledFear

Q.:Washenotanabject, fear-riddencreaturewho hadlostallsemblanceof manhood?

R.:Intheagonyofthe GardeofOlives,Heallowed Himselftoexperiencetothe fullthereactionsoffear propertoahumannature. ButHewasnotfear-ridden,forHedidnotallowit tocontrolHim;Hecontrolledit,anddidnotpermitit todeflectHimfromthe paththatlayaheadofHim. Couragedoesnotconsist inbeingwithoutfear,butin carryingondespitefear.A militaryofficerwhomI knowwell,andwhowas decoratedforoutstanding braveryunderfireinWorld WarI,whenasked:"But weren'tyouafraid?"replied "OfcourseIwas. "Andifanymansayshe wasn't,he'saliar."Tothe restofyourquestionmy formercommentsapply.

Q.:Isthistheman'people worshipasaGod,and turntointimesofwoe astoatowerofstrength forcomfort?

R.:Itisawonderthat youyourselfcouldnotsee thefallacyofselectingone smallaspectofthelifeof Christ,insteadoftakingthe completeviewofthewhole ofHislife,teachings,works, death,resurrection,and continuedinfluencethrough thousandsofyearsover millionsofhumanbeings

Allthatapartfromyour wilfulmisunderstandingof theisolatedaspectyoudo select.

Fear,NotCowardice

Q.:HowcouldGodbesuch acravenbeing?

IntheGardenofOlivesdidnotChristgoto fortitudeandcourage, andretaintheirmanhood.

R.:Notalways.Recently Ireadadetailedaccountby anAmericansoldierofthe "brain-washing"technique employedbytheChinese communistsuponhimself andhisfellowprisoners.

Hesawthebravestof men,whosemorethanordinaryfortitudeandcouragecouldnotbequestioned, robbedgfeveryvestigeof manhood,bythediabolical applicationofthe"conditionedreflex"theoriesof Pavlov,theSovietbiologist.

Lettingthatgo,however, letmereferagaintothe factthatnormallytoexperiencefearisnottosaythat onelacksfortitudeipd courage.

Alldependsuponwhat onedoesaboutone'sfear. Togoondespiteone'sfear. showsfarmorefortitude andcouragethantoface thingswhichinspirenofear atall.

Idon'tthinkyou'vemade anyheadwaysofar.Your furthersubmissionsI'lldiscussinfuturesessions.

CanTeachingsOfChristianityBe ProvedLikeFindingsOfScience!

"Agnostic,"Darlinghurst:Whereisthe conclusiveproofofChristianteachings?

R.:Thatisameaningless question,anditbetraysa wayofthinkingwhichis thebasisofallyourdifficulties.Atallcostswemust getthisstraightbefore goingfarther;anditisratherdifficultinthissessionto provideacourseineducationbeforeansweringquestions.

However,letustry.

Where concerned,basedonobservationandexperiment,your questionwouldbequitein order.Thuswehaveconclusiveproofthatnuclear energycanprovideanatom bomb.

Butthereareathousand andonethingsyouaccept without"conclusiveproof" ofthatkind.Forexample, yourveryquestiontakesit forgrantedthatone"ought" nottoacceptanythingas "certain"withoutsuch"conclusiveproof."

Yetyoucan'tproduce theslightestevidencefrom sciencethatone"ought"or "oughtnot"todoanything. Theconceptof"duty"lands youintophilosophy,which requires"rational"andnot "scientific"proofbasedon observationandexperiment.

Motivesv.Certainty

Again,therearemany thingsaboutwhichyouare certain,acceptingthemon theauthorityofothers,an authorityfortheacceptance ofwhichyouhave,inturn. quitegoodandreasonable "motives."

Forexample,yougoto Mascottotakeaplanefor England.Youhaveno "conclusiv4proofs"inyour senseofthewordthatitis goingtoEnglandatall. Youhavegood"motives" forbelievingthattobethe

ContinuedonPage9

TheCommissiongavethe finaldecisionthat"theonly post-ReformationCanons whosepresentstatusrequiresconsiderationarethe Canonsof1603,"Itisa wasteoftime,then,to quotetheso-calledCanons of1640infavourofany- thing.

RaveYourRacquetRestrainor RepairedbyNormKeast,ex-pertstringer,14BonMarche Arcade,PboneB1219

R.:Theexperiencesofthe createdhumannatureof Christwerepropertothat createdhumannature,not totheDivinenatureChrist possessedpreciselyasGod. Evenso,theadjective "craven"caninnowaybe rightlyappliedtoanyconductofthecreatedhuman naturetheEternalSonof GodhadmadeHisownin theincarnation.

Q.:WhereisthemanlydignityChristiansattribute toChrist?

R.:ReadtheGospels again,andrightthrough.

Q.:Why,meremortalmen faceterribleordealswith

RADIOREPLIES

case.Youaretoldbynotice boards,attendants,hostess andpilotsthattheplaneis goingtoEngland.

Ifyousaid:"What'conelusiveproof'haveIthatit isreallygoingthere?"they wouldreply:"Geton,and you'llhaveyour'conclusive proof'whenyoudisembark inEnglanditself."

Youwouldbeafoolif yousaid:"That'snotgood enough.Iwantthat'conclusiveproof'beforeIget onthatplane."Inother words,youwouldhaveto contentyourselfwith"moralcertainty"-it'sstillcertainty-ratherthanhave 'physicalcertainty."

Andyouwould.Foryou wouldrealisethatyouhad every"motive"forbelievingontheauthorityofyour informantsthattheplane wasreallygoingtoEngland.

Above,NotAgainst

So,too,therearethe soun ofmotivesforaccepti theteachingsof Christontheauthorityof Christ.Thispresupposes faithinChrist,ofcourse.

Buttherearethesoundestof"motives"forsuch confidenceinHisauthority. Moreover,whilstourhuman reasoncannotpositivelyde,.monstratetheintrinsictruth ofthoseofHisteachings whichtranscendourexperience,reasoncanrefute anything-reasoncanproposeonitsownlevelagainst them.

Inotherwords,theymay beabovereason,butthey areneveragainstreason.

Nowthatlongandstill introductoryexplanation mustbeyourquotafortonight.Icanonlyaskyou totrytokeepitinmindas Idealwithyourfurther problemsinfuturesessions.

LoyaltyOf CatholicsIs NotInDoubt

Q.:In1570PopePiusV excommunicatedElizabethI,andabsolved Catholicsfromtheir allegiancetoher.

R.:TheBullofExcomunicationissuedbyPope PiusVappliedtoherpersonally,andCatholicsin Englandatthattimewere toldthattheyowednoallegiancetoherpersonally astotheirqueen.

OContinuedfromPage8 ofAlvathat,whilstthey werefreeinthismatterhe didnotintendtooblige themtorefusesuchallegiance.

Despitetheexcommunication,hesaidhewould notcondemnCatholics themselveswhoacknowledgedherasQueenaslong astheycontinuedtolive inEngland.

Q.:CatholicsoftheBritish CommonwealthofNations oweallegiancetothe presentQueenElizabeth II. R.:Theydo.Andthatis innowayaffectedbyPopp PiusV'sDecreeofExcommunicationagainstElizabethI,in1570,nearly400 yearsago.Alotofwater hasrununderthebridge ofhistorysincethen.

Q.:Whenwastherelease ofCatholicsfromtheir allegiancetotheBritish Monarchlifted? R.:Itwasnever"lifted" or"repealed."Itjustlapsed withthedeathofElizabeth I.KeepinmindthatCatholicsofthosetimeswerenot releasedfromtheirallegiancetotheBritish"Monarchy."

Theywerereleasedfrom allegiancetoaparticular personclaimingpossession ofthethrone.WithElizaheth'sdeath,thewhole thingjustlapsedintooblivion.

PuritanRelease

Asamatteroffact,just 80yearslater,in1649,the Puritansreleasedthemselvesfromanyallegiance toKingCharlesIandbeheadedhim,becausethey didnotlikehisparticular brandofProtestanism.

Fortyyearsafterthat,in 1649,theBritishParliament passedthelawthatno EnglishmanowedanyallegiancetoanyBritishMonarchwhoenteredinto Communioninanyway withtheCatholicChurch, Thatlawwasquotedby theProtestantAllianceas lateas1908againstEdwardVII,becausehehad attendedMass.Butnoone tooktheprotestseriously.

Thepointtonotice,however,isthatinnoneofthese casesweresuchthingsregardedasaffectingany Englishman'sloyaltyto Englanditself.

Innocent'sBody

WasExhumed

VaticanCity,April9.ThetombofPopeInnocent XIhasbeenopenedinSt. Peter'sBasilicainoneof thefinalstepsinthecause forbeatification.

PopeInnocentruledthe Churchfrom1676to1689. HestrovetouniteEurope's rulersagainsttheTurksand helpedcauseTurkishdefeatsinViennaandin partsofHungary. Throughouthispontificatehefoughtagainstthe StateabsolutismofKing LouisXIVofFrancewho soughttomaketheChurch subservienttohisempire.

ThePopeisalsorememberedforhisdecreeof February1.2,1679,encouragingfrequentCommunion.

Theexhumationofthe bodyofacandidatefor beatificationispartofthe normalprocessinthe beatificationcause.Itis doneforthepurposeof identifyingandexamining themortalremains,andto preparethemforexposition tothefaithful.

JoyousTrial OfTwinCities

LaudedByPope

VaticanCity.April13.HisHolinessPopePiusXII hasreceivedaFrenchdelegationthatcametoRomein connectionwiththe"Twin Cities"movementbetween theItalianandFrenchcapitals.

ThePontiffgavehis blessingtothe"joyousexperiment"andexpressed thewishthatothercitiesof Europewoulddevelop"similarrelations"inacommon effortforunderstandingand mutualassistance.

TheTwillCitiesmovementhasbeendevelopedby RomeandParistostrengthenthebondsoffriendship betweenthem.Itissupportedbytheofficialsof bothcities.

ObedienceToAuthority. StressedAtNewNorcia

"ThereisnodoubtthattheparishpriestsandOrdinaryofthe diocesederivegreatconsolationandhelpfromtheHolyName menanditisconsolingtoseeyoupreparedtodoanythingforthe parishpriestandthroughhimforyourChurch,"saidLordAbbot ofNewNorcia(theRt.Rev.G.Gomez,O.S.B.)replyingtothe toastofthe"HierarchyandClergy"atadinnertomarktheHoly NamerallyheldatNewNorciaonSundaylast.

Thedinnerwasattended bythenationalspiritual director(theRev.D.M. Fitzmaurice,O.P.),alarge representationfromthe PerthDiocesanUnionledbythepresident(Mr.B. Quinn)andrepresentatives ofallbranchesintheNew Norciadiocese.

TheLordAbbotsaidthat thestrengthoftheChurch layinobediencetoauthority.Perhapstheyexperienceddifficultyinsubmittingtoauthorityandobeyingorders,butthatwasthe essenceoftheChurchand extendedfromthemost exaltedtothesimplestof itssubjects.Loveofthe Churchrequiredesteemand respectforitshierarchy anditspriests.

Aslaymentheymightassistinthedischargeofthose greatresponsibilitiesand thecarryingofthatburden byencouragingwherever possiblevocationstothe religiouslife.

Wedge,FirstStep

Therewasaneedfor manymorepriestsand manymorenunsandbrothersinreligiousorders. Whereveritwasfoundthat aboywasinclinedtothe religiouslife,everyencouragementshouldbeheld outtofosterwhatmight possiblybeavocation.

Inprayingfortheirhierarchyandclergytheyshould seektobeobedientand submissivetothematall times.

InproposingthetoastMr.

oftheChurchhadnever succeededindrivinga wedgebetweenthelaityand theclergyforthespiritof theChurchprovidedthat theywereoneintheMysticalBodyofChrist.

Themoreexaltedthe officethemorewastheone whoheldsuchofficetheservant.TheHolyName societywasagloriousone. Itwasgloriousinitsaccomplishmentsandinits traditions,butitstrueglory stemmedfromthosewho mannedit.

Thosewhohadgonebeforethemhadendowedit withitstraditionsand thoseofthisgenerationinheritedthosegloriesand withittheresponsibilityto carrythemonandassistin thetaskofweldingthe Churchintoagloriousunity whichcouldresisteveryattackmadeuponit.

Thatwastheglorythey mustcherishandpasson. Hehadnodoubtthatthe menofNewNorciaunderstoodthatandwouldaccomplishit.

Thetoastofthebranches wasproposedbythePerth Diocesangeneralsecretary (Mr.MarkFoley)whopaid tributetothevirilityofthe societyintheNewNorcia dioceseandcomplimented membersonthegreatdemonstrationofloyaltyand devotiondisplayedbymembersthatday.

Theresponsewasmade byMr.W.Back,ofGoomalling,andthetoastofthe visitorswasgivenbyMr. GregoryCluneandacknowledgedbyMr.Quinn,who spokeoftheexcellenceof thearrangementsforthe rallyandtheloyalresponse ofmembersinscattered branchesinthediocese.

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ButthePopedidnotdispenseEnglishCatholics fromtheirdutyofnational loyaltyandallegiancetothe ThroneofEngland.

AllthattheDecreemeant wasthatCatholicswere notobligedinconscienceto regardElizabethIasthe rightfuloccupantofthe throne.

ButwhilstCatholicswere toldthattheywerefreein consciencetodisownElizabeth,sothattheywould notsinbyrebellingagainst here,orindeposingherif, theywished,andcould, PopePiusVsentthema messagethroughtheDuke

Fromallthisitshouldne obviousthattheloyaltyof CatholicstotheBritish CommonwealthofNations to-dayisinnowayaffected byPopePiusV'sdealings withElizabethI.

RitesMingle

Ernakulam,India,April5.

-ThenewHolyWeekrites mingledwiththeoldinthis cityoftwoArchbishops.

ChurchesoftheSyroMalabarritehadceremonies accordingtotheoldrite.

Thecentreofattraction forthenewceremonieswas theLatin-riteCathedralof St.FrancisofAssisi,where thekeyceremonieswere conductedbyArchbishop JosephAttipettyofVerapoly.

SocialistLauds Missionaries OfN.Africa

Paris,April14.-Aleader oftheFrenchSocialist Partyhaspaidtributeto Catholicmissionaries in NorthAfricaatapublic meetinghere.

Marcel-EdmondNaegelen, formerGovernor-Generalof AlgeriaandoncetheSocialistcandidateforPresident ofFrancesaidthatthepresentinsurrectionagainst theFrenchinNorthAfrica isanexplosionofracism andreligiousfanaticism.

Hepraisedthecourage anddevotionoftheWhite Fatherswho,he,declared, "haveoftensacrificedtheir livesinthegeneralinterest andforthebettermentof conditionsamongtheMoslems."

FormosaProves

BreedingGround

ForConversions

TienChung,Formosa, April14.-Despitethetensionsurroundingthisisland heldbyChineseNationalists,missionersworking herearefindingitafertile spotforconversions.

JohnGroganpaidtributeto theworkofthehierarchy andclergyintheNewNorciadioceseandinaworld besetbyamodernpaganismwhichhadsetitself againsttheChurchand soughtasafirststepinits programmeofgodlessness toseparatetheclergyand thelaity.

RecordsSetUp

HewassupportedbyMr. J.G.McKinleywhosaid thatHolyNamemenwere honouredandprivilegedto standbehindtheirhierarchy andclergyinthepropagationofthefaith.

Replyingtothetoastof theHolyNamesociety, FatherFitzmauricesaid thatthatdayNewNorcia hadestablishedseveralnotablerecordS.Hesaidthat inhisexperienceasspiritualdirectorofthesociety hehadeatenhisway throughabout100breakfasts,buthehadneverpartakenofonesoelaborateas thedinnerthatnight.

Hecomplimentedthe caterersonsuchanexcellentrepast,onewhichhad theraredistinctionofexceedingthepleasantanticipationsstirredbytheexcellentfarepromisedinthe menu.

240MilesTravel

VisitingCards

ShowCards

Atthismissionalone, MaryknollFathershave hadtoincreasetheirSundayMassestosix,andevery Massiscrowdedtothe doors.Atth7irnewmission intheneighbouringtownof PoTau,aMaryknolleris alreadymakingplansfora permanentchapel.

"InPoTautheCatholic Faithisreallygettingafirm hold,"reportedFather MichaelJ.O'Connor."Two yearsagotherewasn'ta singleChristianhere.Now thereare303andweare instructing300morefor Baptismthisspring."

Thesecondrecordit mightclaimwasthata spiritualdirectorhadtravelled240milesfromhisparish toattendtheirrally,aperformancehehadasyet tolearnhadbeensurpassed.Theirthirdoutstandingachievementwas thatproportionatelythey hadthelargestattendance ofmembersatanyrallyhe hadattendedandthathe waseverlikelytosee.

FatherFitzmauricesaid thattherewasonethought withwhichhewouldliketo leavetheHolyNamemen ofNewNorcia.TheLord Abbothadspokenofthe unitynecessarybetweenthe laityandtheclergy.Inall thingswhichreallymatteredinlifeauthoritywasessential.

Intheimportantmatter ofreligionitwasauthoritywhichwasitsunderlyingstrength.Theenemies

ForaWideRangeofNewandReconditionedPianos Visit822HAYSTREET(twodoorsfromRingSt.), PERTHorPhoneBA9484.

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PHONES:BF3344,BF3366-AfterHours:MW532. 7th.Floor,ColonialMutualLifeBuildings,Perth.

BasicRightOfReligiousLiberty IsAcidTestOfSovietSincerity

TheCommunists'currentextravaganza -whichincludesthevigorousdenunciation ofthebrutalStalin-isagoodplaytothe galleryandsuperiorpropaganda.Butsuch excellentshowbusinessdoesnotcoverup thefactthatthebasicrighttofreedomof religionisnotevengivenlipservicebythe smilingRussians.

PartoftheReds'acthasbeenthe"release"ofa numberofCatholicbishopswhohadbeen.imprisoned incommunistgaols.Butthestoryisalwaysthe same.

The"freed"prelatesaregivennorealfreedom atall.Insteadtheyareforcedintoretirementin monasteriesorsubjectedtovirtualhousearrestin smallvillages.Innocasehasoneofthe"freed" cardinals,archbishopsorbishopsbeenallowedto makeapublicstatementtohispeopleortheoutside world.

Inthesatellites,indicationsarethattheRedsnow seethatbygaolingmembersofthehierarchythey onlyincreasedtheloyaltyofthefaithfultothe Church.Thewaragainstreligionisbeingwaged lessdramaticallyatpresent,butnolessintensely.

SincetheRedscametopowerandbegantheir assaultontheChurchnearly40yearsago,closeto 200headsoftheCatholicSeesinthecommunistworld

ArchbishopBeran CardinalWyszynski havebeenkilled,gaoled,expelledorotherwise barredfromexercisingtheirepiscopalfunctions.

Comparativelysmallnumberofprelateshaveallegedlybeen"freed"sincethedeathofStalinin1953. Butthewhereaboutsofmosthavebeenkeptin suchobscuritythattheyhavebeenthesubjectof constantandoftenconflictingrumours.

The"release"ofafewbishopsfromgaolinthe Sovietsatellitesfollowsingeneralthepatternset byTito'sYugoslaviawhenit"released"HisEminence AloysiusCardinalStepinac,ArchbishopofZagreb, in1951.TheCardinalhassincebeenconfinedto hisnativevillageofKrasicanddeprivedofcontact withhispeople.

Thefirstoftheso-called"releases"cameinthe SovietUnionitselfshortlyafterStalin'sdeath.

ASovietradiobroadcastinthespringof1953 saidthatArchbishopJosephSlipy,RuthenianRite OrdinaryofLvov,andtwoothermembersofthe Ukrainianhierarchy,hadbeenfreedfromprison.

TwoyearslatertheWestlearnedthatArchbishop Slipyhadbeenreleasedfromprison,butthathehad Leenforbiddentoresumehisduties,ortoreturnto hisSee.

CardinalIsUnderHouseArrest

TheLvovarchdioceseisinpartofthePolishterritorytheSovietUniongrabbedwhenHitlerinvaded Polandin1939.ArchbishopSlipywasgaoledin1945 whenheresistedRussianattemptstomakehimjoin theRussianOrthodoxChurch. Whereheisnow isunknown.

Amongthesatellites,thecaseofHisEminence JosephCardinalMindszenty,PrimateofHungary, istypical. TheCardinal-ArchbishopofEsztergom wassentencedtolifeimprisonmentathisspectacularlystagedtrialof1949.

Aboutfiveyearslaterrumours-apparentlyinspiredbytheRedregime-thattheCardinalwassoon tobe"freed"beganreachingtheWestwithincreasingfrequency.

Then,nJulyoflastyeartheHungarianMinister ofJusticeannouncedthatbecausetheCardinalhimselfandtheotherbishopshadrequestedit,andbecauseof"hisageandstateofhealth,"Cardinal Mindszentyhadbeengiven"asuspensionofhisprisonsentence."

YugoslavRedsAdmitFailure InCoercingYouthToMarxism

Trieste,Italy,April14.-YugoslavCommunisteducatorshaveadmittedthatthe attempttoindoctrinateyouthinpredominantlyCatholicCroatiainthephilosophyof MarxandLeninhasprovedofailure,areportreceivedherestated.

Accordingtothereport, theRededucatorsmadethe admissionatameetingheld recentlyinZagreb.

Thereportcitedexamples givenbyDr.MiloshZanko, whoisresponsibleforthe introductionofCommunist ideologyinCroatianschools. Dr.Zanko,thereportsaid, calledCroatia'sreligious familyatmospherethe greatestobstacletothe spreadof"progressive ideas."

TheCommunisteducator spokeatasymposiumon "EducationintheNew Society."Accordingtothe informationreceivedhere, Dr.Zankoandotherspeakersstressedthebackwardnessoftheoldergeneration, whichclingsto"outdated" religiousbeliefs.

Thereportstatedthatall ofthespeakersagreedthere wasnoprospectinthenear futureofseeingreligion bannedfromthehomesand theheartsofthepeople.

BritainRe-AffirmsStant

OnReligiousPersecution

LONDON.-PrimeMinisterSirAnthonyEdenhasstatedinaletterreferringto religiouspersecutionbehindtheIronCurtainthatthevisitofSovietleaderstoBritain "doesnotindicateanychangeinthepolicies ofHerMajesty'sgovernment."

Theletterwaspublishedin replytoarequestonthesubfeetbytheDukeofNorfolk. England'spremierDukeand leadingCatholiclayman.

TheDukehadaskedthe Britishgovernmenttousethe visittobringpressuretohearon theSovietUniontograntmore religiousfreedomtoitssatellite countries.

PremierNikolaiBulganinof theU.S.S.R.andCommunist PartybossNikitaKhrushchev beginastatevisittoGreatBrit ainonApril18.

InhisletterthePrimeMinis tersaid: "Wehavenointentionofsac rificingtheprinciplesforwhiz!, thiscountryhasalwaysstoodin humanandinternationalrela tions.Atthesametime,wearc convincedthatwehaveaduty totrytoreducethetensionand risksofwarintheworld.

EvasiveAnswer

"Thisdutywearedetermined tofulfilanditistheobjectof ourinvitationtotheSovietleaders.Youwillhaveseenfrom myanswersinParliamentOil March20thathavereadaletterissuedlastmonthbythe CatholicbishopsofEnland. Thebishopssaid:

AHungarianradiobroadcastsaidthatHungary's Primatehad"designatedashisplaceofresidence anecclesiasticalbuildingprovidedforhimbythe episcopate."Thisresidencehassincebeenreported tobeahouseintheremoteforestvillageofPuespok SzentLaszlo,wheretheCardinalisunderstoodtobe underhousearrest.

AnotherArchbishopgaoledbyRedHungaryand now"released"isArchbishopJosefGroeszofKalocsa, whowassentencedtoa15-yearprisontermin1951. TheBudapestradioannouncedlastOctoberthatfurtherimprisonmentoftheArchbishopwasbeing "adjourned"andthathewasto"liveinachurch buildingdesigntedbytheHungariangovernment."

OnlyrecentlyitwasconfirmedthatArchbishop Groeszisactuallyoutofgaol. Heisreportedly 1-vinginthevillageofSolymarnearBudapest,but hasnotbeenallowedtoresumehisduties.

BelievedInSolitaryConfinement

ThefateofHisEminenceStefanCardinalWyszyski,PrimateofPoland,ismoreobscure.Arrested bythePolishRedsinSeptember,1953,Cardinal WysznskiwasneverpubliclytriedandtheCornmunistregimehasneverannouncedhiswhereabouts. A"progressiveCatholic"closetotheregimedeclared lastyearthattheCardinalhadbeenreleasedand transferredtoamonasteryinsouthernPoland.

WesternobserversgenerallyadmitthatCardinal Wyszynskimightnowbeconfinedinamonastery insteadofagaol,buttheyalsobelievethathehas beenkeptinvirtualsolitaryconfinementeversince hisarrest.

OfadozenPolishbishopswhohavebeenarrested orotherwisebarredfromexercisingtheirsacred office,onlyonehasbeenformallygivena"trial"by bytheregime. HeisBishopCeslausKacmarek ofKielce,whowassentencedto12yearsingaolin September,1953. AccordingtoareportinaCracownewspaperearlylastyear,BishopKacmarek hadbecomeillinprisonandwastransferredtoa monastery.

BishopStanislausRespond,formerAuxiliary BishopofCracow,whoisnownearly80,wasgiven "conditional"freedom,itwaslearnedayearago.

LastDecemberreportsreachedtheWestthat ArchbishopEugeneBaziak,whohadbeenApostolic AdminstratoroftheCracowarchdiocesehadbeen Continuedfootnextto.umn

"Wetrustthatmembersof Parliamentwillpressthegovern. menttotellthe(Russian)visit orshowthiscountryabhorsre-

ligiouspersecution.Letthegovernmentnotshrinkinthename ofdiplomaticcourtesyfrom a frankstatementoftheviewsof Britishcitizens."

ThePrimeMinisterstated that"thetriditionsoftills countryshowfirstthatwearc and,secondly,thatwearemost infavourofreligioustoleration stronglyopposedtoanyformof religiouspersecution."

TokenOfGoodFaith

TheDukeofNorfolkhad askedthePrimeMinistertoin formtheRedlears'inclearand unmistakableterms"thatde.,tedmutualunderstandingsbetweentheBritishgovernment andpeopleandtheSovietUnioncannotbeassureduntilevi deuceisforthcomingthatRti, siahasceasedtocombatreligion initsownterritories.

Asafurtherevidenceofgood faith,theDukesaid,Russia ohsuldshowitwillsupportor approvemeasuresforreligious freedomundertakenbyother countriesundercommunistrule. AllCatholicsofGreatBritain andtherestoftheworldwelcomeanystepstakentowards worldpeace,providedtheterms ofthatpeaceareinaccordwith thedema'ndsofjustice,theDuke declared. "Failingthis,nopecaeisreal, nopeacecanendure,"theDuke said.

given"morefreedom,"buthadnotbeenpermitted toreturntohisSee.

TwoprelatesofCardinalWyszynski'sGniezno archdiocese,BishopLucianBernacki,VicarGeneral, andAuxiliaryBishopAntonBaraniak,werearrested inthefallof1953. Newsthatbothhavebeen "released"fromgaolandconfinedtomonasteries cameoutofPolandearlythisyear.

NoneAllowedToResumeOffice

Thus,whilemostofthebishopswhowerearrested inPolandareapparentlynolongeringaonone hasbeenallowedtoresumehisrightfulplacAnd whilethegovernmenthasseeminglyencoura rumoursconcerningthebishops,ithasnotmadeany officialannouncementofthe"release"ofanyofthem.

TheRedregimeinCzechoslovakiaappearstobe backwardinthe"release"game. Noneofthe13 archbishopsandbishopsgaoledorunderhousearrestthereisknowntohavegainedevenslightly morefreedom.

Buttherearerumoursfromtheretoo. Itwas ieportedinFebruarythatRussianForeignMinister V.M.Molotov-thenvisitingPrague-askedthe Czechgovernmentforadetailedreportonthecase ofArchbishopJosephBeranofPrague,longbanished fromhisSeeanddetainedinanunknownplace.

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Above:CardinalMindszenty

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SalkVaccineOffersReliefFrom DreadEffectsOfPolioEpidemics

Thegeneralfeelingwasoneofsympathyforthe occasionalvictim,butapartfromthattherewasa completelackofinterestinpolioprevention.

Thenin1937camethefirstoutbreakW.A.had seen. AroundChristmasinthatyear47casesoccurred inashort,sharpepidemic.

Publicinterestwasaroused,butthatinterest quicklydied,andthesinglecasesthathadmarked polio'sprogressovertheyearscameback.

Thissituationlasteduntilautumn,1948,whenthe firstmajorepidemichittheState Itlastedfor sixmonths,withthreehundredcases.Twenty-five peopledied.ThistimethepeopleofW.A.realised thatpoliowasamenacewhichhadtobeovercome.

Unliketheyearsfollowingthe1937epidemic,polio figuresdidnotdropbacktosinglecases.They keptatthebightlevelof50-60casesayearfor thenextsixyears,untillatesummerof1954.Then camethefamousRoyalTourepidemic.

T1111,time,436caseskeptdoctorsandtheInfectious DiseesHospitalatSubiacobusyforfourmonths. Nearly200ofthesecaseswereparalytic.Fiveof themdied.

Whenthisepidemicwasoverthepoliorateagain remainedhigh,andincreasedoncemoretoepidemic proportionsinNovember,1955.Duringfivemonths totheendofMarch,'1956,therewereabout500 cases,withninedeaths.

Publichealthauthoritiesregardthislatestepidemic astheworstsofar-intermsofseverityofparalysis andthenumberofpatientsrequiringtreatmentin ironlungs.

MassImmunisationToStart

Atonetimetherewerethirteencasesinironlungs andadditionallungshadtoflownfromMelbourne andAdelaidetocopewiththeemergency.

Sothatsince1948W.A.hashadoneoftheworld's highestpolioratesonapopulationbasis

Over1,000caseshaveoccurred.

Almosthalfofthesehavebeenparalytic.

Morethan50peoplehavedied,over50severely crippled.200handicapped,atleast200leftwithsome kindofphysicaldisability.

Theseateasturbin.gfigures. Quiteapart fromtheeconomiclosstheymeantothe'Stateand thereforethenation,theyadduptoatotalofhuman sufferingthatnocivilisedcommunityshouldbepreparedtoignore.

Uptodatewehavehadnoremedy. Butthat situationhaspassed. InJunethePublicHealth Departmentwillhavesuppliespoliovaccine,and massimmunisationofschoolchildrenwillstart.Every parentwillbegiventhechancetohavehisorher childimmunised.

Thereseemslittledoubtthatpoliohasbeenknown forcenturies. Butuntilcomparativelyrecent timesthediseaseremainedamysterytomedical science.

PoliowasfirstdescribedbyaBritishphysician, MichaelUnderwood,in1789,theyearafterAustralia'sfirstsettlement.

Dr.SalkProducesFirstVaccine

IntheUnitedStates,anepidemicin1916aroused widepublicinterest,andthiswassustainedover manyyearsuntilPresidentFranklinRoosevelt,who hadbeencrippledbypolioin1921,foundedthe NationalFoundationofInfantileParalysisin1938. TheFoundation'spurposewaslead,directandunify thefightagainstthedisease.

Almosteverythingaboutpoliowasextremely vague.Itwasknownthatitwascausedbyavirus, butscientistswerenotsurehowthevirusentered thebodynorwhereitcamefrom. Clean-upcampaignsproducednonoticeableresults. There seemedlittletoworkon.

Gradually,overtheyears,amassiveorganisation wasbuiltuptofindtheanswertoparalyticpolio. Scientistsandphysicianswerespeciallytrainedin polioresearchtechniques-additionalresearchexpertsfrommanycountrieswererecruited-laboratoriesweresetupandequipped.atlasttheFoundationwasgivenenough monotobuymonkeysinAsiaandtransportthem totheUnitedStates,thebiggestdriveinpreventive medicinetheworldhaseverseenbegantoaccelerate.

Bythelate1940'sscientistsworkinginfourdifferentuniversitylaboratoriesintheUnitedStates knewtheyweredealingwithmorethanonevirus capableofcausingpolio.

Someexperimenterswereworkingwithonestrain ofvirus,somewithanother. Itbecameclearthat immunisationasaresultofrecoveryfromoneofthe threeknownstrainsmightnotprotectavictimfrom theothers.

Thismeantthatanysuccessfulvaccinewouldhave toprotectagainstthreedifferentviruses.

In1949,fromtheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth, cameanachievementwhichopenedthewaytoearly

Officialrecordsof polioinW.A.are availablesince1913. Inthosedays,and until1937,polio(it wascalledinfantile paralysisthen)was arelativelyrarediseaseinthisState.It madenoimpression onthepublicmind becauseitdidnotoccurinepidemicform.

(Right):Askilled laboratoryworker inspectsculturepreparetogrowpolio virusforuseinvaccine.

developmentofapoliovaccine. Dr.JohnEnders andhistwoco-workersfoundawaytogrowpolio virusinnon-nervoustissuekeptaliveinflasksand testtubes.

Thedoorwasopenatlasttoapracticalmeansof growingvirussuitableforuseinavaccine.From thisdiscoverycamethepresentdaymethodsfor massproducingpoliovirusforvaccine,andthese methodsareusedinAustralia.

Morediscoveriesfollowed. Itwasfoundthat thepoliovirusappearedinthebloodbeforeactual paralysistookplace. Whatwasneeded,then,was anagenttobuildupantibodiestoattackthevirus inthebloodBEFOREitcouldgettothenervous system.

Oneagentwasknownthatcouldstimulatethe humanbodytoproducepolioantibodies-thepolio virusitself. Howcoulditsdangerousqualities beremovedwithoutdestroyingitspowertostimulate antibodyproduction?

AttheUniversityofPittsburgh,Dr.JonasSalk andhisresearchteamwentaheadwiththislineof research. Theywouldtreatthepolioviruswith chemicalstodestroyitsdisease-causingpotential. Perhapstheinactivatedviruswouldstillbeableto stimulatetheproductionofantibodiesbytheblood.

In1954,sixteenyearsaftertheconcentratedresearchprogrammehadbegun,Dr.Salkproduced thefirstpoliovaccine.Ahopefulworldturnedits eyestoPittsburgh andwaited.

Thenewpoliovaccinewastobegivento440,000 children. Another210,000weretoreceiveoneor moreinjectionsofplacebo-asubstancethatlooked likethevaccinebutwasknowntohavenoeffect. Andnearly2,000,000additionalchildrenweretoget noinjectionsbutwouldserveasacontrolgroup.

Morethan300,000peopleincludingfamilydoctors, publichealthofficers,nursesandteacherswereto helpcarryoutwhatwastobethebiggestsingle experimentinpreventivemedicinetheworldhad everseen.

InApril,1955,Dr.ThomasFrancisJr.,incharge ofthegigantictaskofevaluatingthenewvaccine, madehisreport. Hisresearchteamhadanalysed over144,000,000factsonmachinerecordcards.

ProvedToPreventParalysis

Twenty-sevendifferentlaboratorieshadtested bloodsamplesfrominoculatedchildren-teststodetermineantibodylevelsbeforeandafterinoculation, andattheendofthepolioseason.

Fromthismountainofmaterial,Dr.Francismade hisfinding:theSalkvaccine,properlymanufactured andtested,wasextraordinarilysafe.

Ashadbeenpredicted,itwaseffectiveinpreventingparalyticpolio.

Soonafter,massimmunisationofschoolchildren intheUnitedStateswasbegunbythePublicHealth authorities. Theresultshavebeeninlinewith thefieldtrialresults-insomeareasbetter.

Canadabeganitsownmassimmunisationprogramme,usingvaccineproducedinaCanadianlaboratory. TheAustralianpublicdemandedaction, andthethenFederalMinisterforHealth,SirEarle Page,announcedthattheSalkvaccinewouldbeproducedinAustraliaattheCommonwealthSerum Laboratories,Melbourne,underthedirectionofDr.

P.L.Bazely,anAustralianmedicalresearchspecialistwhohadspentthreeyearswithDr.Salkwhile thevaccinewasbeingdeveloped.

Recognisedasoneofthefinestserumlaboratories intheworld,witharemarkablyfinerecordinthe productionofmedicalpreparations,theCommonwealthSerumLaboratoriesareresponsibleformore than1,000differentproductsusedinmedicaland veterinarywork.

ProductionofpoliovaccinestartedinOctober,1955.

Well,whatisthepoliovaccine?Thevaccineisin factamixtureofvaccinesofthethreetypesofpolio virus,eachtreatedwithformalinsolutiontomake itharmless.Theinactivatedvirusiscontainedin afluid,andthevaccineisredincolour.

Thethreetypesofpoliovirusaregrownoncells takenfrommonkeykidneytissuesandnourishedby asyntheticfluid. Virusisthenplacedincells whichrapidlybecomeinfected. Undercontrolled temperaturesthevirusmultiplies days is"harvested". Thefluidispouredintosuitable containersandfiltered.

Formalinisthenaddedtothefluid,andthischemicalkillsthevirusanddestroysitsabilitytocause disease.Butthevirus,nowcompletelyharmless, retainsthepowertostimulatethehumanbodyto producepolioantibodies.

Theformalinsolutionremainsinthevirusfluid forninedays.Duringthisperiodchecksaremade toensurethatthevirushasbeendestroyed.After thatarigoroustestingroutineoperates.

Samplesofthevaccineareinjectedintothecentralnervoussystemsofhealthymonkeys,whichare closelyobservedforfourweeks.Ifanyoneof themonkeysshowsanysignofsicknessorpolioinfection,thewholebatchofvaccineisdiscardedimmediately.

Progressivechecksarealsomadewithquantities ofvaccinebyaddingittolivingcellsgrowingin testtubesundercontrolledconditions.

Finally,samplesofthevaccineareinjected,into mice,guineapigsandrabbitstoseeifthereareany othersubstancespresentwhichmightcauseaharmfulreaction.

InadditiontothesetestsmadeattheCommonwealthSerumLaboratories,independenttestsare madeatFairfieldInfectiousDiseasesHospital,Melbourne,andbythePathologyDepartmentofthe UniversityofMelbourne.

Onlywhenbatchesofthepoliovaccinehavepassedtheserigoroustestsaretheystoredawayinreadinessforthe1956masspolioimmunisationcampaign.

Poliomustbebeaten. Wenowhavethemeans tobeatthisdisease-theSalkvaccine. Wehave anefficientorganisationreadytoadministerit.ExperienceinCanadahasshownquiteclearlythatpolio vaccineissuccessfulbeyondeventheconfidentexpectationsofitsdiscoverers.

PolioincidenceinCanadahasbeenreducedby 85percent-andmassimmunisationofCanadian childrenisbynomeanscomplete.

Thesefigures,andthoseoftheUnitedStates, Denmark,SwedenandSouthAfricaclearlyshow thevalueofpoliovaccineinreducingpolioepidemics.

TheAustralianvaccinewilldoaswell,probably better.Poliocanbebeaten-it'suptous,asresponsibleparents,toseethatourownchildrenare immunisedassoonaspossible.

Posty'sWhistle Deargirlsandboys,-

Ihavejustreceivedtwo delightfulchildren'sbooks fromUncleMac-Fiddle-dedeeandGumtips.The poemsinthemaresuch happychildren'spoemsthat Ithoughtthatforafew weeksI'dgiveoneforthe poemoftheweekeach week.

Itwillbefunreading UncleMac'spoemsyourselvesandfeelingthat someoneyouknowisareal Australianpoet,won'tit?

Mayisnearlyhere.More holidays.Wewillhaveto thinkupsomethingforall ofyoutododuringtheglorioustwoweeks.

Areanyofyoustampcollectors,anddoyouwantto adoptanAmerican?Ihave notime,butitcouldbe funifanyonewantedto. I'llgiveyoutheaddress.

Keephappy,AUNTMOLLIE.

1111111111111111111111111111111111111111

ThoughtForWeek

Itisnotwhatwetakeup, butwhatwegiveupthat makeslifereallyworth while.

1111111111111111111111111111111111111111

NowForAPoem KEPTIN

Keptinforlaughing!Yes, Iwas! Twelveminutesapdahalf! AndnowasIcameoutthe door, Thekookaburraslaugh! Italmostseemsasifthey knew, AndIdon'tblamethemif theydo!

-CharlesHilson(Uncle Mac).

HowTheGullsRearedSt.Kenneth

ThestoryofSt.Kennethandthegullsis oneofthestrangeststoriesofalltime.

TherelivedinWalesa princeandprincess,who hadagreatcastle.Herea tinybabewasborntothem, anditwasevidentthathe hadmis-shapenlegs.

Theywereaselfishpair, anddidnotwantanything sickaroundthem,sothey decidedonewilddaytocast thetinyinfantadriftina frailboat."Thewaveswill soonfinishhim,"theysaid.

Aflockofgullsnoticed theboatasitwasdrifting swiftlytowardssomerocks, andsawthehelplesslittle sleepingbabeinit.

Theywerefilledwithpity foritandliftingitgently outoftheboat,flewhigh abovethewildsea placedthechildinadesertednest.

Thebitterwindwas blowingagalebynow,and theypluckedthefeathers fromtheirownbreastsand linedthebaretwigsthat composedthenest.

Severalofthemhovered withwingsoutstretchedover thenestguardingthebabe fromeaglesandthecold. Theytookitinturns.

Butsoonthebabewhimperedwithhunger.Even thegullsknewthatababe neededmilk.Butwhere weregullstofindmilk?

PastoralAbduction

Closebyintheforestwas adoe,whocamedowneach daytodrinkandfrolicin astreamclose'by. Shesawthegullsandthe babeandpromisedthemilk, iftheycouldfindavessel toputitin.

Therewasnovessel,and thensuddenlytherewas one.Itwasalittlebrass bellandsomesaythatan angelputitthere.

Everymorningfaithfully thedoecametofillit,and threegullsboreitwith theirbeaksaloftandfed thechild.

Hegrewfatandhappy andgurgledathisstrange parents.Butalas,hispoor littlelegsstillstayedmisshapen.Twistedandwithered,anduseless.

Ithappenedonedaythat awithshepherdwaswandering hisflocksoverthe cliffsandhesawjustover theedgealargenestwith adesertedbaby.

Fearingthatthegulls wouldtearathimandhurt him,theshepherdcarried himhometohiswifewho wasdelightedastheyhad noneoftheirowntolove.

Butthegulls,circling overhead,watchedfortheir opportunityandasthegood wifewascookingastew, theyflewinatthewindow andcarriedtheirbabeback tothenestagain.

Theylovedhim,andthey couldnotbeartobeparted fromtheirnestling,even thoughtheyhadsuch troubleinlookingafterhim. Andheinturnthanked themwithcrowsofdelight.

SoKennethgrewupin hiswildhome,andthough hewaslame,andnotshapedlikeotherpeople,his friendslovedhim,andhe washappy.

MournedByGulls

Allhislifehelivedamong them,andtheshepherds andthefisher-folkmade friendswithhimashewanderedamongsttherocks.

Theyearswentswiftly by,andthebabegrewto manhood,andthenoldage cametohim,andhisfriends usedtotalkinhushed voicesofthegentleoldman whowanderedamongstthe rockswithadoebyhis sideandthegullsofthe aireternallycirclingover hishead. Helovedandtendedall thegulls,andifanywere hurttheotherscameand broughthimtothewoundedone.

Onedaythebeachwas filledwithagreatmultitude ofwingsandthehighshrill cryoftheanguishedgulls wassomethingfewthat hearditwilleverforget.St. Kenneth,asthefisher-folk hadgrowntocallhim,was dead.

Theyburiedhimhigh amongsttherocksthathe hadlovedsowell,witha doestandingontheedgeof theforestwatching,andthe skywhitewiththewingsof themyriadsofcircling birds.

Todayallalongthewild coastmanybabiesbearthe nameofKenneth,andare toldthestoryofthegentle saint. AUNTMOLLIE.

NINEMILESTO HEAVEN

Howmanymilesisthebig bluesky? Sixmiles?-maybeseven! Ifit'sseventothesky Isitninetoheaven? (UNCLEMAC) CharlesHilson. * *

ELLIOTT&ELLIOTT OPTOMETRISTSandOPTICIANS

PICCADILLYARCADE-B7988,BF1503

154WILLIAMST. - - - BA5394

RecipeForMakingSoupOfStones

Onecold,rainynightan oldmanwaswalkingalong aroad.

Hewasverywetand hungry,forhehadwalked alongway,Allatonce hesawahouseand,knockingatthedoor,heasked thecookforsomefood, butshetoldhimshehad none.

"MayIcomeinanddry myself,"askedtheoldman.

"Ohyes,"saidthecook "butyoumustnotgetin myway."

Sotheoldmancamein andsatdown,andsoonhe wasquitedry,buthewas stillhungry. Soonhesaid,"Iam goodcookmyself,Ican makealovelysoup;itis calledstonesoup.MayI makesome?"

"Alright,"saidthecook, forsheverymuchwanted toknowhowtomakesuch acheapsoup.

"Justfetchmeapotwith somewaterinit,"hesaid.

Whenshebroughtit,he putitonthefire.Then, takingacleanwhitestone fromhispocket,hedropped itintothewater.When thewaterwashottheold mantastedit.

"Thissoupisgoingtobe fine,"saidhe,"butalittle seasoningwouldaddtothe taste,Iseeanoldpieceof cabbageandsomeonions onthetable.MayIdrop themin?"

Thecooknoddedandin wentthevegetables.After atimetheoldmantasted itagain.

"Thisisgood,"hesaid, "butitwantsalittlestirring.Iseeahamboneover there.MayIusethat?"

Againthecooknodded, andthemakerofthesoup begantostiritwiththe hambone.Hetookcareto usetheendwithalittle meatstillclingingtoit. Soonhetastedthesoup again.

"Thisisthebestsoup1 haveevermade,"hesaid. "ButIthinkitcoulddo withalittlethickening. MayIhavesomeflour?"

Thecookpassedhimsome flour.Hemixeditwith waterandputitintothe pot.Soonafterhetasted thesouponcemore.

"Withaweelumpofbutterandadropofmilk,this soupwouldbefitforthe kinghimself,"hesaid.

Thecookwenttogetthe butterandthemilk."And whileyouaregettingthose," hesaid,"Iwilljustdrop inthatchickenoverthere, itwon'tdoanyharm."

Sohedroppedinthe chickenandthebutterand, themilk,andhestirredand stirred.Soonhepoured outthesoup,someforthe cook,andsomeforhimself.Hefishedoutthe stone,driedit,andputit inhispocket.

"Thissouptastesfine," saidthecook.Andtothink thatitwasmadefroma stone!Iamsogladthat Ihavebeenabletolearn howtomakestonesoup."

MARGARETTHOMSON.

SeniorAwardGoesToPhillipAsphar

CaptainCook'sCottageIsInEast

ThestoryofCaptainCook isonethateveryboyreads withathrill.Itisbetter thananyadventurefiction written,becauseitisreal.

Tomanyboysheisahero thattheyfollowintheir flightsoffancylookingat theseaonafineday,or dayofstormyweather.

InAustralia,soclosely wovenintohisstory,weare luckyenoughtohavehis cotage-CaptainCook's realcottage,whereheplannedhiswonderfulvoyages.

Itstands,mostlyinthe rain,intheFitzroyGardens inMelbourne,attheend nearthegreathospital,and dailymanyvisitit..

Itseemsalmostimpossiblethatthislittlecottagewas dismantledandbroughtall thewayfromhishomein England.

Theroomsaresmalland musty,andthewindowsare small,andonthewallsare greatmaps,old,butstill perfect,wherehesatwith hisparentsandplannedhis waywhilethevillagers shooktheirheads:

"Heisastrangelad,alwaysrestless,alwaysplanning,"theysaid.Andat nightsinthevillageinn theyshooktheirheads puzzlingly "Allthatwater,andthe shipofwoodandsmall.It's afearsomethingtodo."

Thereisalittlenookin thecottageandhereheand hisfather,whofavouredhis strangeson,satandplanned,andmeasured.

Hispipeisherealso,and otherthingsthatIforget.

Flaggedstonesleadupto thedoorandlaurelbushes aretheretoo.

Yougointoaroomwith abrickfloor;therearethick oldwoodraftersinavery lowroof.Thenthereisanotherroomandtheroom

'UncleMac's'VersesBringHim

AMeasureOfNationalFame

WiththeversesofFatherTabbandFrancisThompsonsinginginourminds,itisgreat tofindapoetwhowritesforsmallchildren andrevelsinhiswriting.

Foritisthisjoyinwordswhenthismorningbegan, thatstrikesuswhenweIwouldbeblessedbythis readtheversesofCharleswonderfulMan?

withtheinglenookand slatsoneachsideofanold grate.Thereisanold brackettohangthekettle onand,Ithink,twoold chairswithrushseats.

Astrangemapwhereall CaptainCook'sdiscoveries aremarkedwithstrange tradewindsandmonsoons andstars-hangsonanotherwall.

Ithinkthecottagewas giventothegardensin1934 byCaptainColinDuncanof LittleHorkesly,Essex,England. CaptainCooklivedinit atgreatAyton.Hisparents builtitthere.

PHILLIPT.ASPHAR, St.Louis'College, Claremont. (14years) ***

Kath'sAmbitions St.Joseph'sCollege, Fremantle. DearAuntMollie,-Iam writingtothankyoufor the5/-postalnotewhich Ireceivedfrom,you.Iwas verysurprisedtoseemy essayprintedin"TheCorner."IwouldhavewrittensooneronlyIhavebeen illinbed,forafewdays.

Ihadmybirthdayon 20thofMarch,andIam in7thstandard.Thisclass isveryinterestingaswe haveallnewsubjects.I amtakingaprofessional courseandIhopetobea nursewhenIamolder. Well,Imustnowsay 'Goodbye'asIhaveapile ofhomeworkwaitingtobe done.

lovingniece,

KATHLEENO'DONNELL.

DearKathleen,-Thanks foryourthanksandwe wantlotsmoreessaysfrom you. Love, AUNTMOLLIE.

Hilson,aliltingqualityinYetwhenHishandswere lineandthought. bothplacedonmybrow, Acclaimedin1945whenStillIamfeelingthetouch hefirstpublishedhisFid-ofthemnow." dle-de-dee,whichraninto threeeditions,CharlesHilsonfollowedthislaterwith Gum-Tips,andhaswritten severalreligiouspoemsas well,whichhavefeatured largelyinthelocalCatholic press.

Sixofhispoemswereincludedinananthology,togetherwiththebestknown children'swriters,MaryGilmore,C.J.Dennis,Furnley Morris,JoyceOwenStarr, etc.

Thiswas"FrolicFair," editedbyJoanS.MackanessandDr.GeorgeMackaneSs,M.A.,Litt.D.Onpage 35wefind"Grandpa."

GRANDPA

Whobuildsthecarttoget thechips? Whofindsourshoesand setstheclips? Whosingsthesongsand littleditties? Ofgoldenstairsingolden cities? Whotakesusfishing?races? chases? Andhidesourclothesin funnyplaces? Why,don'tyouknow,it's Grandpa? Whocoulditbebut Grandpa.

Thereisvisionandlove ineverylineofthepoem. Thetrustingloveofchildhood. Acompletecontrastisthe tellinglittlefour-linepoem "SoCold."Itbringsavivid picturebeforeusthatevery childwillrevelinandthink aboutinthesnugnursery hours.

SOCOLD Howcolditisoutsidetonight, Howcolduponthestairs, Poorlittlesealsinhomesof ice, Poorlittlepolarbears.

CharlesW.Hilsonstarted towriteattheageof15, whilestillatschool.His workfromthatearlyage featuredintheschoolmagazine,BoyScoutmagazines, TheWesternMail,andother papers,andeachyearsaw hispopularityincrease. APiedPiperleadinghis endlessstreamoffollowers alonganenchantedyet familiarpath,Hilsoneternallyfindsthepotofgold attheendofeachrainbow.

OfalltheCatholicpoems ofHilson'sIhaveread,I lovehis"LittleCarpenter" bestIthink.Parallelwith FrancisThompson's"Little JesusWasThouShy?"it bringstheChrist-Childin amongstus,indearfamiliar-ness.Thehometouch. Theeverydayscene.

THELITTLECARPENTER IlovetoimaginehowJesus oncestood, Socarefullyplaningthe smoothlygrainedwood, Whilekind-heartedJoseph keptclosetohisside, Towatcheverymovement withloveandwithpride. AndthenIcanfancyat closeoftheday, HisdearmotherMarypass byonherway, Thatworkofherownlittle Sonshemightsee, Thentakehertwocarpentershometotheirtea.

Andanother,depicting theeagerwonderandimplicitbeliefofyouth.

HUNDREDSAND THOUSANDS

Fancytheboyasheraced homethatnight, Filledwithhisstoryofboyishdelight, "Mother"then,surelyhe cried,"allmybread Yes,andmyfishes,amultitudefed. Jesus,Whotookthemfrom meonthehill, Blessedthem,andbroke theminpiecesuntil Hundredsandthousandsof peopletoday Sharedmysmallmealand wenthappyaway. Whowouldhavethought

Itisafeelingweallknow afterCommunion.Awondermentthatlastsallday andfarintotheweek.A dearfamiliarthing.

Itisthiseverydayfamiliarity,glorifiedinversethat makestheworkofCharlesHilsonsounforgettable. Inspiredbyhisownchildrenandencouragedand criticisedbyhiswife, CharlesHilsonisstilltoday writingsteadilyandgaining awideraudience.Prose andadultpoemsareallpart tthe is,I chilofthepattern, magicofhiswor think,confinedtohi dren'spoems.

ForyearsCharlesNilson wasthebeloved"Uncle Mac"ofthechildren'scornerin"TheRecord."He stillnumbersamongsthis numerousfriendsmanyof the"cornerites"grownup. WestAustraliaisproudto haveapoeticalPiedPiper amongstus.

-Mollie

SimeonAsphar. *

Week'sWinners

PhillipAsphar,St.Louis, Claremont.

MargaretThompson,104 WaterlooSt.,OsbornePark. * *

Girls'BooksGift

MargaretFitzgeraldhas given"TheCorner"apile ofexcellentlittlebooks, "GirlsWorld."Iwillsend oneeachweektothose whose butlettersarepublished whodonotgetaprize, tilltheyarefinished.

***

CroatianNiece St.Joseph'sCollege, Fremantle.

DearAuntMollie,-Ijust thoughtofintroducingmyselftoyoubecauseIthink youaveryinterestingpersonafterIreadthechildren'ssectioninthe"Record,"IaminGradeVII, andIfounditalittledifficultinthebeginningbecauseeverythingwasdifferentfromGradeVI;it stillisalittledifficult.It isveryhardwhenitcomes togrammartimeforI understandverylittlein thatsubjectespeciallywhen writinglettersorcomposi- tions.Myfirstschoolwas anAustralianschool, "ChristtheKing,"Beaconsfield.Wehavebeenin Australiafullsevenyears andwecamefromEgypt, InEgyptwehadavery goodtimeforIwasreared andyoumaysay,bornin thiscountry.Ihavesister whoistenyearsold,who wasbornthere. MumandDaduseEng- lishverylittleathome.My sisterandIalsodonotuse itveryoften,foritisnot verynicetosneak'nfront ofsomebodyifthtdon't knowwhatyouarepeakinsabout.forMomonly understandsalittle.We areCroatiansandwespeaktheCroatianlanguage.

I'dliketofinishmyletter nnw. IrnmainYournal.

SPOMENKABLAGAIC

DearSpomenka,-YesI knowit'sallverynewand hard,butisitnotfun?I stayedonceatSheppherds HotelinCairo,along timeago.Theservices weretrulywonderful.

In1951wecametoAust. onthe"Cannavare"aP.&O. cargoship.Only12passengers.Itwasadreamvoyage.

Somepeoplehadjustrun awayfromCairo.There wasshootingandaprivate war.OneEnglishmanhad disguisedhimselfasan Egyptianandbroughthelp tootherswhohadbeen keptconfinedwithmachineguns. Yetthesunshoneonthe beautifulpyramidsandnaturewasserene.

Love, AUNTMOLLIE.

*MargaretThompsonAwardedSpecialPrize

FonglishSayReleaseOf SlavesIsSovietTest

London,April16.-Britain'sCatholic leadersmadeanimpressivecaseforreligious freedomandagainstatheisticCommunism priortothearrivalhereoftheRussianrulers NikolaiA.BulganinandNikitaS.Khrushchev.

Clearly,emphaticallyand withdignity,withouthatred andwithoutsensation,they placedbeforethecountrya thesisacceptabletoallreasonabledemocrats:thatone fundamentalbasisforpositiveworldpeacemustbe theliberationofalloppressedpeoplesunderCommunistcontrol.

Theypointedouttothe generalpublicthattheBritishGovernment,asrepresentativeofanofficial Christiancommunity,must alwaysmakeeverylegal efforttopreserveworld peace,evenperhapsinthe unpalatableroleofacting hosttounscrupulousdespots.

Butthegovernmentmust notbetraytotalitarianism's millionsofvictimsbyappearingtocondonetheir visitors'policies,theCatholicleadershipstressed.

Thegovernmentshould ratherinformtheRedvisitors,Catholicsargued,about thiscountry'sessentialbeliefthatpersonaldignityandfreedomforallmen mustbetheessenceofinternationalfriendship.

TheCatholicBishops jointlyurgedallChristians tocheckanydesirefor violentoppositionduringthe ten-dayStatevisitfrom Moscow.

Theysetasideadayof specialprayerbeforethe BlessedSacramentexposed tointercedeforRussia's conversion-ultimateanswer tothehydrogenbombandforthesalvationofthe Reds'victims,theSilent Churchandtheslavecamp prisonersbehindtheIron Curtain. WhtheCatholicshave spokotherdenominations havewithafewexceptions remainedsofarsilent.The Catholicstand,therefore,

MandurahRally OfH.N.Society

OwingtoaMission beingconductedinPinjarra,theMurrayregionalrallyoftheHolyName societywasheldinMandurahonApril20.

DelegatesfromDwelling. up,Pinjarraandsurroundingdistrictsattended.Mr. M.Foleyrepresentedthe DiocesanUnionandthe Rev.R.Kelly(Pinjarra) andtheRev.F.E.Hope (Mandurah)werepresent.

Thenationalspiritual director,theRev.D.M. Fitzmaurice,O.P.blessed newbannersforthePinjarraand Dwellingup branches.

FatherKellyconducted thedevotionsatwhich FatherFitzmauricepreachedandFatherHopeimpartedBenediction.

AfterdevotionsFather Fitzmauricespoketothe delegates.Hestressedthe importanceoftheHoly Namesocietyinthecountryasoneofthegreat meansofholdingmentogetherandofhelpingthem fulfiltheirspiritualduties.

freethehundredsofthousandsdoingforcedlabour. Letthemwithdrawtheir puppetsfromthe'Christian countriesheldunderthreat oftheRedArmy.

Apowerfullast-minute reminderbeforetheRussians'arrivalwasthebanneredfront-pagesloganon theCatholicHeraldhere: "WatchtheRedLeaders' Smile."Itdeclared:

"Catholics,whowillsurelyfollowtheirbishops'injunctiontotreatthevisit withdignityandrestraint, andavastnumberofother citizensobjectonlytoa warmwelcomefortheRed leaders.

"Theyobjectbecausethey knowthatbehindthesmiles thereisanunparalleled Sovietrecordofreligious oppressioninflictedupon countlessvictimsofaGodlessregime.

"TheyknowthattheRed leadersarehopingtogive thebestimpressionofthemsellies.Watchthosesmiles -andremember ."

28MillionsWatch

AllBritain'sCatnolic newspapersfeaturedthe adviceofHisEminence BernardCardinalGriffin, ArchbishopofWestminster, totheEdengovernment thatthe28millionCatholicsintheBritishCommonwealtharewatchingits behaviourcarefullyduring theRussianvisit,andthat theRussianleaders,under thedeclaredinspirationof Khrushchev,arepatently propagatingthecompatibilityofCommunismand Christianity.

BishopJohnHeenanof Leeds,anauthorityon Communism,declaredmore outspokenlyintheCatholicweekly,TheUniverse: "Completelackofprinciple isofthenatureofCommunism.Expediencyisthelaw oflife.Lettheenemiesof Godbetoldthatwetrust nottheirwordsbuttheir deeds.

"Letthemreleasethemillionsofslavesinconcentrahasreceivedwidepublicity.tioncamps.Letthemset

"Letthemreleasethe bishops,priests,brothers andnuns,mothersandfathersandyoungCatholicsin prisonwithouttrial.Let themabolishtheIronCurtain."

Anationalpetition,organisedbynon-Catholics andcarrying250,000signatures,waspresentedto ForeignSecretarySelwyn Lloyd,askingthatthevisit benotconductedorcelebratedinsuchawayasto imply"tolerationofthe evilsinherentintheCommunistphilosophyorthe abandonmentofthesubjugatedpeoples."

BrokenTreaties

ListingCommunistRussia'sinternationalcrimes,it pointedoutthatsince1939 Moscowhasbrokenmore than20treatiesandviolated scoresofsolemnpledges andagreements.

Meanwhile,onApril22, exiledPolesintendtomarch throughcentralLondonto protestthevisit.Theywill firstattendMassfortheir fellowcountrymenwho werevictimsofRedmassacresduringandafter WorldWarII.

Amassrallydemanding freedomforCommunism's victimswasheldwithCatholicbackingintheheartof Glasgow,Scotland.

TheUniversepointedout thatKhrushchevwasno betterthanaNaziwar criminalwithhisexcuses thathehadcarriedout Stalin'sorders,including thesendingofinnocentmen totheirdeathbecauseit wasanorderfromahigher authority.

RussianaswellasAllied judgeshadrejectedsucha defenceattheNuremberg wartrials.Itcalledonthe governmenttoasktheRussiansspecificallytorestore freedomtoPolandandother captivecountriesbehindthe IronCurtain.

TheGatewaysForAirPassageInfections

arethemouth,thenoseandtheeyes-keepthem clean-useASPAXADRENE.Usewarmishsalty water(Iteaspoonfultoalargecup)asagargle, eyewash,andforsniffingupthenoseaboutthree timesdailyinbetweenusingtheAspaxadrenespray inthenoseandthroat;givesyouanexcellentmethod ofcombatingtheintakeintotheairpassagesofthose airbornegermswhichcause'flu,coughs,colds, "throats,"etc.-anythingthatis"goingabout"or "inseason";ifcongestionhasalreadysetinresulting inbronchitis,asthma,hayfever,cloggingnasal catarrh(withsecondaryresultsofantrum,sinus, migraineandcertainformsofdeafness),"penetratesin-a-hurry"ASPAXADRENEspraysrightontothe spotandrelievesinsecondsaseffectively(and logically)asaflyspray"zoings"afly;ASPAXADRENEisalsotime-tested,safeprovenandthemost usedatomizedinhalantintheworld.

Yoursforlife-andliving-ASPAXADRENE. Atomizerandliquid,28/6,orliquidalone,12/6. Chemistsonly-sodon'taskyourgrocerforit.Groceriesfromthegrocerfruitfromthefruiter('-chemicalsfromthechemist.

(A.H.CRUNDALL,BOX58,PRAHRAN,VIC.)

Mr.Brown(Dwellingup) supportedbyMr.R.Kirkpatrick(Mandurah)thankedFatherFitzmauricefor givingsomuchtimeto visitingthecountry.His visitwasmuchappreciated. Refreshmentsprepared bytheladiesoftheparish werethenserved.

PopeReceives

AtomicChief

VaticanCity,April17.

-HisHolinessPopePius XIIhasreceivedAdm. LewisStrauss,chairman oftheU.S.AtomicEnergyCommission,inaprivateaudiencehere.

Duringtheir20-minute talktheHolyFatherand Adm.Straussdiscussedthe peacefuluseofatomicenergy. Adm.Strauss,whosaid hehadcalledonthePope "topaymyrespectsinmy capacityasaprivatecitizen,"statedthattheHoly Fatherhadshownthedeepestinterestinthepeacefulusesofatomicenergy.

"HisHolinessreceivedme withgreatkindness,"Adm. Strausssaid."Wehave beenacquaintedeversince hisvisittotheUnitedStates morethan20yearsago. Wediscussedthebenign usesofatomicenergyand thewaysinwhichmen's inventivenesscanbemade toenhancethecauseof worldpeace."

S.BEECROFT STITCHER

181RokebyRoadSubisco

OnlyPrimeFreshKilled MeatSold. Phone:W1373.

GwenSmith(left),daughterofMr.andMrs.A. E.Smith,40Kathleenst.Bassendean,wasthewinner oftheStatemedalforHigherLocalPiano(under 20years).

Gwengained89marksattheageof15years10 months. Thesameyearshealsosatforseventh grade(University),gaining89marks.

MargaretGoddard(right),daughterofMr.and Mrs.H.Goddard,Mill-st.,Queen'sPark,wasalso thewinneroftheStatemedalforjuniorpiano(under 14years).Margaretgained92marksattheageof 12years.

GwenandMargaretarebothmusicpupilsofSt. Joseph'sschool,Queen'sPark.

BargainsinPrayerBooks

GreatlyReducedContinentalDiscontinued Linesatthe

CENTRALCATHOLICBOOKSHOP

36PierStreet,Perth

HerearesomeoftheSPECIALS.Buywhilethestocks lastandputawayforFIRSTCOMMUNION-CON-FIRMATIONorCHRISTMASGIFTS:

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THESEARETRULYWORTHWHILEBOOKSAT ANEXCELLENTPRICE Wemustmakeroomfornewsupplies. Takeadvantageofthisoffer.Callorwrite. CountryClients:Pleaseforwardcashandpostage withorder.

REMEMBERTHECENTRALCATHOLICBOOKSHOP FORSERVICEANDQUALITY 36PierStreet,Perth.PhoneBA5754.

SlaveLabourExists

In10SovietNations

Geneva,Switzerland,April12-Forced laboursystemsforpoliticalcoercion,"education,"orStateeconomicdevelopmentstill existinatleast10Communist-dominated countries,theCommitteeonForcedLabour oftheInternationalLabourOrganisation hasreportedhere. U.S.GovernmentonAlbania,whichincluded13 affidavitsbyformerinmates ofAlbanianprisonlabour camps.

Thecommitteestatedthat evidencesubmittedonCommunistChinaindicatesthat "forcedlabourexistsona verylargescaleandthatthe numberofpersonsinvolved representsaconsiderable proportionofthetotalpopulation."

Threemembersofthe committeeexaminedevidencesubmittedtothemon 12countries.Ofthese,the following10areruledby theReds:China,Albania, Bulgaria,Czechoslovakia, Hungary,Poland,Rumania, Yugoslavia,EastGermany andtheU.S.S.R.

ReformByLabour

InregardtoRedChina, the.committeeexamined evidencesubmittedbyFree China(Formosa),theUnitedStates,theInternational ConfederationofFreeTrade Unions,theInternational CommissionAgainstConcentrationCampPractices andtheInternationalLeague fortheRightsofMan.

Theguidingprincipleof legislationinRedChina, thecommitteereported,"is thatpersonshostiletothe regimemustbedeprivedof politicalrightsandcompelledtoreformthrough labour."

Thecommitteefoundthat thislegislationresultedina "veryhighlyorganisedsystemofforcedlabour,in prisonandlabourcamps, forthepurposeofpolitical coercionandeducation."

TheI.L.O.groupexaminedamemorandumfromthe

Thecommitteesaidthat forcedlabourinAlbania appearstohavebeenbased onlegislativeandadministrativeprovisionsforcarryingouteconomicplans.It wasusedasacorrective measureforfailuretomeet outputstandards,thecommitteereported.

MayBeOthers

EvidenceonbothAlbania andRedChinawassubmittedtothecommitteeforthe firsttime.Theother10 countries,includingPortugueseterritoriesandthe UnionofSouthAfrica,had beenreviewedbythecommitteein1953.

Thoughthereportcovers only12countries,thecommitteesaidithad"noreasontobelievethattheconclusionsmaynotequally applytoothercountries againstwhichithasatpresentreceivednoallegations."

"Allthematerial,"the I.L.O.expertsreported, "wastransmittedtothe governmentsconcernedfor comment.Veryfewofthe governmentstookadvantage ofthisopportunitytomake observationsontheaccuracyofthematerialoron theconclusionswhichcould obviouslybedrawnfromit. Suchsilencemaysuggest thattheinformationhas somefoundationoftruth."

Presidingoverthesessionsofthecommitteewas

Besuretosee

PaulRueggerofSwitzerland,formerpresidentofthe InternationalRedCross. OthermemberswereCesar Charlone,formerForeign MinisterofUruguay,andT. P.P.Goonetilleke,Ceylon districtjudge.

Thesethreeexpertsstated thatonemeansofcutting downtheextentofforced labouristhroughpublic opinion.Theyexpressed thehopethattheinternationalorganisationsmainly concernedwiththisproblemwouldreviewthesituationandtheprogressmade towardabolishingforced labour.

FrenchPlan

LourdesFilm

Lourdes,France,April 14.-AfilmaboutSt. Bernadette Soubirous, whosawapparitionsof OurLadyherein1858, hasbeenannounced.

Themoviewillbereleasedaspartofthecentenarycelebrationofthe ShrineofOurLady,which wasbuilthereinhonour oftheBlessedVirgin Mary.

BNeilvitvCihhapelIs

lordSheedreTeOarusr

NewNorciaOldBoysArrange EnclosedMonasteryRetreat

Jerusalem,Jordan, April13.-ThefirstMass hasbeenofferedina chapelwhichhasbeen rebuiltonthesitewhere OurLordweptoverthe cityofJerusalem.

ThecelebrantwasFather AngelicoLazzeri,O.F.M., CustodianoftheHolyLand.

Thechapeloccupiesthe siteofanearlierByzantine chapelbuiltinthesixthor seventhcentury.Thecost ofthenewedificewasdefrayedbyagroupofItalian,CanadianandMexican donors.

ThereferencetoOurLord weepingoverJerusalemis foundinchanter19,verses 41to45ofSt.Luke'sGospel,inwhichChristpredictedthedestructionof thecitybecauseithadnot knownthetimeofHis visitation.

Quarant'Ore

JUNE

1st-CATHEDRAL:Forty Hours'Prayer,lst-3rd.

2nd-HIGHGATE: Forty Hours'Prayer,8th-lOth.

3rd-INGLEWOOD:Forty Hours'Prayer,15th-17th.

SPEARWOOD:OneDay ofExposition.

PopeAppreciatesThrillOfSpeeding

WhilstAskingForRoadCourtesy

VaticanCity,April14.-HisHoliness

PopePiusXIIdemonstratedinanaddress totheAutomobileClubofRomethathisremarkablestoreofknowledgeincludesan understandingofthemindoftheautomobile fadistaswellastheperilsofthestreets.

"Theautomobile,"the Popesaid,"isoftenlessa meansoftransportation thanitisamarvellousobjectofrecreationthatrequiresagreatdealofsureness,ability,self-command andphysicalprowess."

TheHolyFathertoldthe clubmembersthat"youlove tofeelthepowerandthe masteryoftheenergiesenclosedinanautomobile framework Youdelight inprovingyourskillatthe wheelandyourknowledge ofmechanincs."

RespectOthers

"Butyoumustnotforget," headded,"torespectothers ontheroads,toobserve courtesytootherdrivers andpedestrians."

"Youmustprideyourself,"thePopesaid,"on knowingalsohowtoconqueranoftenveryunderstandableimpatience,in sacrificingsometimesabit ofyoursenseofhonourto givewaytothespiritof kindnessthatisatruesign ofcharity."

IrishDelegation

ToSeeStepinac!

DUBLIN,April12.-Thu

Silksand Woollens

Plusallyourfavouritebrandsinnewseason

Rainwear Knitteds SportswearandFrocks

Irishdelegation,attendinga meetinginYugoslaviawilltry toobtaingovernmentpermissiontovisitHisEminence AloysiusCardinalStepinac, ArchbishopofZagreb,theSundayPressstates.

TheCardinalwhowasre, leasedfromprisonin1951,is nowinternedbytheRedregime inhisnativevillageofKrasic.

MembersoftheIrishdelega tionareSeanLemass,P.J.Lind, sayandP.J.Little.Theyare attendingameetingofthe CounciloftheInterparliamentaryUnioninDubrovnik,Yugoslavia. Thenewspaperheresaidthat thefirsteffortsbytheIrishdelegateswillprobablybemadewith Dr.VladimirSiimich,thehead oftheYugoslavparliamentary delegation.

Dr.SimichvisitedDublin withtwootherYugoslavdepu tiesinOctober,1950,whenthe InterparliamentaryUnionmetin thiscity.Atthattimemany IrishdeputiestoldDr.Simich ofthedeepconcernoftheIrish peopleregardingtheCardinal's imprisonment.

*Archaeologist

Priest'sPrize

Rome,April13.-PresidentTheodorHeuss,ofthe FederalRepublicofWest Germanyhasbestowedthe GrandCrossoftheOrderof MeritonFatherEngelbertKirschbaum,S.J. Thepriesthaswonworld renownfortheexcavations heconductedbeneathSt. Peter'sBasilicainRomeand forhiseffortstheretolocate theexactpositionofSt. Peter'stomb.HeisaprofessoratthePontificalGregorianUniversityhere.

ReleasedBishop

ArrestedAgain

Thisyear'sretreatforS.I.C.OldBoyswill takeplaceonSaturdayandSunday,April 28and29,attheNorthPerthMonastery. Allwhowillattendshouldbeinstalledby 6.30atthelatest.

ThefollowingTuesdaya groupof34boysnowattendingthecollegewill makethefirstsuchenclosed retreat.Thesemembersof theSodalitywillgreatly strengthentheOldBoys' Retreattraditioninfuture yearswhentheyhaveleft thecollegetomaketheir wayinlife.

Inthehockey,theassociationteamsmetwithvaried fortuneinthefirstsetof fixtures.IntheA2grade, lackofconditionseemedthe mainreasonwhytheteam lost3-1toOldModernians, astheybeganwellandplayedalloverOldMod.toput upa1-0leadearlyinthe firsthalf.

However,byhalf-timethe teamhadrunitselftoa nearstandstill,andthe scoreread-1-1.Afterinterval,OldModernianshad everythingtheirownway andwoncomfortably.

B1GradeWins

Theteamnonetheless playedtheirpositionsquite well;PatBrendish,Gerry Brendish,JoeRodin,George TrekandLeoHickey(readingfromtheleftwing)made uptheforwardlineandthey showeddefinitesignsthat thefuturehadbetterthings intheoffing.

Thehalveswere"Spanky" McCabe,JohnSymonsand captainGeorgeWilliams whilethebackshadHarold Stokes.anewrecruit,atleft fullwithKevinBartlettin goalsandBrianFitzgerald atrightfull.

BestplayerswereKevin, captainGeorgeandright wingerLeoHickeywhile GerryBrendishnettedthe onlygoal.

TheB1gradesawtheOld Boys'teamraceawaywith aneasygame,winning verycomfortably,3-0.This team,whichwasliberally sprinkledwithsomeoflast year'stopteamplayers,had notroubleexceptthatthe forwardsmissedsomany goalsfromcomparatively easyshots.

ClTeamDraws

Furthermatchpractice shouldsharpenuptheforwards'shootingandthen thereshouldbeaharvestof goalsastheyareverypenetrating,withyoung"Banjo"LaniganandMickConnollyparticularlyeffective.

Banjoscoredtwoofthe goals,whileMickbrought uptheotherandthesetwo andrightfullbackJim Ryanwerelistedasbest players.

Berlin,April17.BishopCeslausKaczmarekofKielce,Poland,has againbeenarrestedbythe Polishcommunistregime, itwasreportedhere.

The61-year-oldprelate wasunderstoodtohave beentakenofftoprison earlyinFebruarydespite thefactthathewassufferingfrominfluenza.

BishopKacmarekwas originallyarrestedin1952. Formallyputon"trial"theonlyCatholicBishopin Polandevengiventheformalitybythecommunistshewassentencedtoa12yearprisonterminSeptember,1953.

PriestJailed

Earlylastyear,however, itwasreportedthatthe Bishop'shealthhaddeterioratedandthathehadbeen transferredfromprisonto amonasteryandkeptunder housearrest.

Atthesametime,itwas learnedthataPolishCarmelitepriesthasbeensentencedtothreeyearsin gaolbyacourtinPoznan fordistrbutingleafletsallege,,lyhostileto"People's PolandandtotheSoviet Union."

FatherW.Trzeciakwas accusedofpassingoutliteraturementioningthePolishvictoryovertheRed Armyin1920,andpulished withoutpermissionofthe Redgovernment.

somepatchesofbrilliant teamwork.

Onpaperthisteamlooks unbeatableandshouldwin theB1gradeeasily.

TheClteamdrewwith C.B.C.inaveryevengame, butnodetailsaretohand astogoalscorersorbest players.

Saturday,April28,sees onlytheB1teamplaying withbothothersenjoyinga bye,thoughtheA2boys havetoumpire.

Thehockeyclubcommitteeisparticularlypleased withtheshowingsofarbut wantsmoreOldBoysto takeaninterestinthe teamsthusencouraging greatereffortsonthefield.,

HunsStudyr

DayTheSoviet WillBeFreed

Rome,April16-SeventySistersfixinginRome aretakingacourseinthe Russianlanguage,tobe readyforthetimewhen theymightbeallowedto entercountriesbehindthe IronCurtain.

Thenunsattendclasses threetimesweeklyina schooldirectedbythe MovementforaBetter World.

PopeWillSpeak ToDoctorsWho StudyFertility

Rome,April16.-The SecondWorldCongresson SterilityandFertility willbeheldinNaples fromMay18-26.

ItisbelievedthatHis HolinessPopePiusXIIwill deliveranimportantaddresstothescientiststaking partinthecongresswhen theycometopayhimtheir respects,althoughtherehas beennoofficialannouncementofsuchaspeech.

TheCongressisexpected toattract2,500scholars from50nationsthroughout theworld.Ithasbeen announcedthatdelegations willincludethosefromfour countriesbehindtheIron Curtain:CommunistChina, Czechoslovakia,Poland,and

CaptainRossFilear,playingatrighthalf,wasvery pleasedwiththeteams showingparticularlywithYugoslavia.

USAtomicEnergyHead TalksOfMoralAspects

Washington.-MoralaspectsofthequestionwereemphasisedbyU.S.AtomicEnergy CommissionerThomasE.Murrayherein advocating"rationalnucleararmament."

TheCommissionertoldaSenateForeignRelations sub-committeethatdecisionsregardingthesizeand typeofnuclearweaponstobestockpiledshouldbe madeinthelightoftwoprinciples.

"Thereisamilitaryprinciple,"Mr.Murraysaid, "thattheweaponswemanufactureshouldbedemonstrablyusefultothepurposesofactualwar.And thereisthehigher,principlethattheuseofforcein warfareissubjecttothedictatesofthemoralconscience.

"Themoralnormisthemoreimportant,"

"Thereissomethingintheatmosphereofthe .ageofviolencethroughwhichwehavelived,indeed in"Lichwearestillliving,"CommissionerMurray conpued,"thattendstodullthemoralresponsibilities.

"Inastrangewaythesheerbrillianceofourtechnicalachievementswithnuclearweaponsalsotends todullthemoralsense.

"Itisthereforenecessaryconstantlytoremind ourselvesthataconcernforjusticeintheuseof forceisanobligationofacivilisednation."

CommissionerMurrayproposedthat"anupper limit"shouldbeplacedonthesizeofthermonuclear bombstobeplacedinourstock-pile;thatalimitbe placedonthenumberoflargethermonuclearbombs tobeplacedinstockpile;thatincreasingconcentrationbesetonthestockpilingofawiderangeof verysmallnuclearweapons,andthatthetestingof smallweaponsgoon,andevenbegreatlyaccelerated "tokeeppacewiththeintensifiedprogrammethat isnecessaryinthisfield,"but"thatthetestsof multimegationthermonuclearweaponsbestopped."

ThewitnesstoldtheSenatorsthat"weknowthat thereisnoupperlimittothesizeofthebombsthat canbemade."

UseOfHiroshimaBombUnjustified

"Asanation'underGod,'"continuedMr.Murray, whoisaCatholic,"weareobligedtoactunderthe limitationsofthemorallawTheimperativesof thishigherlawbindustoaduemeasureofmoderationanddiscriminationintheuseofforce.

"WithintheChristiantraditiontowhichweowe ournationaloriginsthedutyofsettinglimitations inwarandontheuseofforceinwarhasbeena recognisedmoralobligation."

Hesaidthat,"atourpresentdistance"fromthe event,hedidnotthinktheuseofthe15-kiloton bombonHiroshima"anditsmultitudesofinnocent people,couldbejustifiedonmoralgrounds."

LegionariesWillMarchBehind

NewStandardAtSouthPerth

Thevexillum(standard)oftheLegionof Mary,usedforthefirsttimelocallyinprocessionattherecentAcies,isanadoption ofthestandardofthelegionsofImperial Rome.

Theeaglewhichusedto surmounttheRomanstandardisreplacedbythe dove,emblemoftheHoly Spirit.

Beneaththedoveacrossbarbearstheinscription, "LegioMariae,(Legionof Mary).Intermediatebetweenthecrossbarandthe staff(andjoinedtothe formerbyaroseandalily) isanovalframebearinga representationoftheImmaculateConception(The MiraculousMedal).The staffissetinaglobe.

Thewholeensembleconveystheideathattheworld istobeconqueredbythe HolySpiritactingthrough Maryandherchildren.

Amodel12iinchesin heightismeantforuseat Legioncouncilandpraesidiameetings,whiletheprocessionalmodelis61feet high.

ProcessionalCross

Aninvitationisextended toallLegionaries,active andauxiliary,tomarchbehindtheLegionstandard withSouthPerthdistrict legionaries,ontheoccasion ofthe25thannualprocessioninhonourofOur BlessedLady,onthefirst SundayinMay(6th),at 3p.m.inthegroundsofSt. Columba'sChurch,South Perth. SouthPerthdistrictbuses,Nos.32and34,willstop atForrest-st.

SovietImperialism

InCentralAsia

NotreDame,Indiana,U.S.A.-Russia,whichhas levelledchargesofcolonialismagainsttheUnited Statesanditsallies,isguiltyofimposinga"peculiarlyharshandintractablekind"ofcolonialismon18 millionpeopleofSovietcentralAsianrepublics,the chiefcounseloftheSenatePermanentSub-committee onInvestigationschargedhere.

RobertF.Kennedysaid"Byeveryoneofthese thattheSovietsaredirect-standards,Solietcontrolof ingalltheiragenciesoftheseareasqualifiesascolpropagandatowardexploi-onialismofapeculiarly tingthe"evilsofpoliciesharshandintractablekind ofcertainwesternnationsonthepartoftheSoviets." inthecolonialareas."HeMr.Kennedyadvocated added: that"thisaggressionagainst "Yetatthesametime,freedom"bytheRussiansbe thecommunistswithhardlyspotlightedinthecouncils anyobjectionfromushaveoftheUnitedNationsand beenpermittedtowipeoutbyAmericanpropaganda thefreedomofmillionsofthroughouttheworld. peopleoccupyinganarea"AstheSovietscontinue largerthanthatofwesterntheir'peaceful'encroachEurope." mentsintheMiddleEast,

ThechargeshemadeAfghanistanandsoutheast stemmedfromfirst-handAsia,usingastheirchief observationsandinforma-weaponeasternhostilityto tionhegatheredlastyearcolonialism,"Mr.Kennedy duringavisittoSovietsaid,"itwouldbewellif centralAsiawithJusticethepeoplesandleadersof William0.Douglasofthetheseareasponderedwhat U.S.SupremeCourt. hasbeenthefateoftheir Russiancolonialismisbrotherstothenorthin practisedagainstthemil-theSovietcentralAsian lionsofpeoplesoftheRepublics." statesofTurkmenistan, Uzbekistan,Tadzkikistan, KirgiziaandKazakhtan.PriestWillSell

Karczub-CarrollWeddingOn'Fields

Whitenylonpatternedinbluerosebuds waswornbyAnne(Nance),onlydaughterof Mrs.Carroll,forhermarriagepriortoNup-"Thecommunists,when I-laMass,withDr.DenesKarczub,atSt.theyattackwesterncolonMary'sChurch,Kalgoorlie,onApril7. ialpolicies,"Mr.Kennedy said,"speakofbroken ShecarriedanearlyVictorian* *promises,failuretogrant posyoffrangipaniandtuber localautonomy,segregation roses,alsoamother-of-pearlPriestToOfferandthetortureandmurder bridalmissal,giftsfromthe bridegroom tosubjugatethem.

HerbrotherJackgaveher MassAtAltar away,andJimattendedthe bridegroom.MissIrisGray Of attendedthebride.

Shechoseprettypinkfloral

Mr.Murraysaidheissurethat"theconceptofnylonIfo liner

herddres an'csocan

cut. morallimitationisfeltbytheAmericanpeopleasg e pinks,a n atio carrsneand awhole.However,headded,"wemustbewareof roses.posy thefalseidealismlurkingintheSovietslogan,TanAclosefittingpinkstrawhat, thebomb.' hunchedwithlilies-ofthevalley

Hesaidthepeoplesof thesestatesare"asdifferentfromtheRussiansasMandurahLots theMalayanisdifferent fromtheEnglishman,theTheRev.F.E.Hope, MoroccanfromtheFrench-parishpriestofMandurah, man." wishestodisposeoftwo TheRussiansbegantheirfirst-class, quarter-acre subjugationofthesepeoples,blocksinthecentreofthe Mr.Kennedysaid,inthetownship,nearthechurch. 1860's. HeaddedthatThelandisbeingoffered somesectionsofthean-forsaleinviewoffuture cientandonceindependentdevelopmentsandpreferstateswerenotconqueredencewillbegiventoCathfinallyuntilthe1920's. olicpurchasers. Thepriceperlotis£550 ornearoffer.Acashtransactionispreferredbutin theeventoftermsbeing arranged,adepositofhalf thepurchasepricewouldbe required.Paymentofthe ofcolonialpeoplesinorderbalancewouldbeamatter ofmutualarrangement.

HisWeddingPREMIERFIBRO-PLASTERWORKS

TheRev.J.Lyonscelebrated

Inthediscussionsandnegotiationslookingtodis-atthesidewasworn.Hergift armamentitwouldbesheerfollytobemanoeuvredfromthebridewasabeautiful intomakingablanketrenunciationoftheuseofallpieceofcostumejewellery. typeofnuclearweapons."

Mr.Murraysaidhebelievedtheeffectoftheadop-theMasswhichwasservedby tonofhisproposals"wouldbeentirelybeneficial"DenesandLouis,sonsofthe toournationalsecurity.Inthisway,hesaid,thebridegroom.Thechildren's presentnuclearsuperiorityoftheUnitedStateschoirfromButler-streetconvent "wouldbemateriallystrengthened." schoolsanglovelyhymnsduring

Headdedthat"tragicweaknesswouldresultiftheMass.

weweretobuildournuclearstrengthwithover-Thebreakfastwasheldatthe emphasisonlargenuclearweapons." Hispro-home f thebride'smother.Mr. gramme,hesaid,wouldmean"flexiblestrength."W.J.Cahillcarriedoutthedr.

"Weshouldpossessinsufficientnumbersthekind'esofchairman,proposingthe ofnuclearweaponsthatwouldbeusefulespeciallytoastofthe dhappycoupilie, which inso-calledlimitedwars.Suchwarsaredangerouswraosorme.ponedtobytebride inthemselves,andthereisthefurtherdangerlestgThe.lovelyanduncommon theydevelopintofull-scaleconflict. weddingcakewasapresentto

"WemustbeabletotakeactionagainstthiskindthebrideandgroomfromMr. oflimitedaggression,insuchawayastopreventandMrs.W.B.Kelly,Collins, it developingintosomethingmoreformidable."street,Kalgoorlie. AtouroftheSouth-Westwas chosenforthehoneymoon.

C.B.C.

Collegeville, Minnesota,U.S.A.-Aformer lawyerwillcelebratehis firstSolemnHighMass asaBenedictinepriest nextmonthatthealtar wherehewasmarried 38yearsago. DonaldJohnMcGinnis, 62,whosewifediedin1947, willbeordainedforSt. John'sAbbeyhereonMay 22inSs.PeterandPaul Church.

Mr.McGinnishaseleven grandchildren.Heisa formerassistantattorney generalofIllinoisandwas atvarioustimesanofficer intheKnightsofColumbus, ElksLodge,AmericanLegionandKiwanisClubs.

Mr.McGinnis,whocame totheabbeyfouryearsago, saidherethatafterthe deathofhiswifehewas almostoverwhelmedbythe "uselessnessofmylife." Histimeinthemonastery herehestated,hasgiven life"newmeaning."

CharlieCarters

*Official Engagements

April29:

ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitation,St.Peter's, BedfordPark.

May1: 10a.m.:OpenTriennial ConventionofHibernian Society.

May6: ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitatiou,St.Patrick's, Fremantle.

11.30a.m.:Presideat SolemnHighMass,St. Brigid'sChurch,WestPerth, feastofOurLadyofthe PolishCrown.

May13: PresideatannualHoly NameRallyinSt.Mary's Cathedral.

BlessandopennewpresbyteryatAlbany.

May20:

PentecostSunday:Preside atSolemnHighMassinSt. Mary'sCathedral.

May24: 3p.m.:Receptionceremony,St.Brigid'sConvent, WestPerth. Annualmeetingofthe CatholicWomen'sLeague.

May25: 10a.m.:Presideatthe quarterlyconferenceofthe priestsofthemetropolitan areaintheChaptc-Hall, Victoria-square. 7p.m.:Administerthe SacramentofConfirmation toadultsinSt.Mary's Cathedral.

May27:

Blessandopenconvent, St.Emilie'sConvalescent Home,Kalamunda. Blessandopennew churchatNorthDandalup.

June3: Blessandopenextensions toAquinasCollege, Confirmationandcanonicalvisitation,Gosnells.

June8: FeastoftheSacredHeart; PresideatSolemnHigh MassinSt.Mary'sCathedral.

June10:

ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitation,Northam.*

PortGirlsEnter BasketballTest

Thisyearmembershave enteredtwoteamsinthe basketball competition. MeetingsareheldonalternateTuesdaysinSt.Patrick'sMemorialhall.After themeetingsvariousindoor gamesareheld.

OnThursdayandSunday nightsadanceisheldinthe hall.Moremembersof otherbrancheswouldbe welcomeatthedances.

PrintedandPublishedbyKeith FrancisSpruhan,"TheRecord" Office.450HayStreet.Perth

Deputy-PremierHailsHighStandard

Continuedfromcover necessaryforhimtotell themthatwasnotso.

ThoseWhohadbeeneducatedbythereligiousorders ofwomenwouldbepreparedtogivethelietothose statements.Intheschools inwhichthosepresenthad beeneducatedtheyfound nunswhowerewomenof culture,seriousstudents familiarwiththechiefcurrentsofmodernthought.

Theywouldnotgiveup theirlivestotheworkof educationonlytoplayatit. Theywouldnotleavetheir pupilstodrinkfromthe stagnantpoolsofantiquated learninginsteadoffromthe runningstream.Thousands andthousandsofAustraliansprotestedagainstsuch anassertion.

HisGracesaiditwas hardlynecessaryforhimto sayhowgratefulallwere toournuns.Wordsfailed himtoexpressadequately hisappreciationofthemagnificentworkthattheywere doinginourmidst.

HeroismOfDevotion

"Weareinclinedtotake themtoomuchforgranted," theArchbishopsaid."Their workissometimesnotsufficientlyappreciated,but theirsisaheroismofdevotiontohighidealsandwe lookwithrespectandadmirationontheachievementsoftheSistersof Mercy,whosemembersare secondtonone.

"Ourthanksaredueto thenunsforthemagnificent worktheyaredoinghere atSantaMaria,acentreof spirituality,ofcultureand refinementofwhichweare justlyproud,"theArchbishopconcluded..

TheHon.J.T.Tonkin, Deputy-Premier(andMemberforthedistrict)saidit wastruethatthecollege wasacentreofeducation andculture,andtheSisters ofMercyhadundoubtedly attainedaveryhighstandard.

Thecompletionofthe chapelwasasignofthe progressofthedistrictand indeedofWesternAustralia.Heunderstoodthatapproximately1,000children hadalreadypassedthrough thatcollege,soithadalreadyexecisedaverypro-

Wm.A.YOUNG

FAMILYBUTCHER

CornerJohnandFitzgerald Streets,Perth. FORQUALITYMEAT

YOU'LLLOVETOEAT

Phone:B2621.

*Cleartransparentplastictop.

foundinfluenceonthelife ofthecommunity.

Itwasindeedacentreof learning.Thepiousand culturedwomenwhoran thatinstitutionhadundoubtedlyendearedthemselvestothechildrenwho hadpassedthroughtheir handsandtothecommunityingeneral.

CitizenshipNeeded

Withsuchanexcellent settingandwithsuchan excelkntstafftheworkof thecollegemustcontinueto expand.Andastheyears wentby,manychildren wouldlookbackonitwith loveandaffection.

ThisyoungStateofWesternAustraliaforalong timemadeveryslowprogress.Butoverthelast10 or15yearstheyhadseen greatspeedingupofactivities,ofbiggrowthinpopulationandeducation.

Mr.Tonkinsaidheagreed withHisGracethatitwas essentialthatnotonlythe threeR'sshouldbetaught butalsothequalitiesof citizenshipshouldreceive emphasis.

HehadnodoubtwhateverthatatSantaMaria notonlythebasicskillsreceivedattention,butthose importantrequirementsof 'citizenshipaswell.

Dances,Cards

PopularAtT.Hill

Thesecondofthe1956 seriesofdances,heldevery fourweeks,tookplaceinSt. Denis'hall,TuartHill,on April17,andprovedvery successful.

Thedances,whichwere begunlastyear,havebecomeanimportantfeature ofparishsociallife.Dancingisfrom8till11.30p.m. onaverygoodfloor.

Thenextclancewillbeon Tuesday,May15.

OnWednesdayevening, April18,therewasacard partywhichwasalsoasuccess.Itishopedtohavea cardeveningeverymonth.

Atuckshopfortheschool childrenhasbeenorganised andwillberunweeklyduringtheschoolyear.

Acakesale,beginning Sunday,April29,willbe repeatedeveryfortnight.

Alltheseactivitiesare organisedbytheladiesto helpreducetheheavydebt ontheparish,andtheparish priesthasrepeatedlythankedthem,notonlyfortheir appreciationoffinancialdifficulties,butevenmorefor theirloyaltyinhelpinghim toovercomethem.

CLASSIFIEDADVERTISING DEATHS

BATTLEY:OnApril18,at St.JohnofGodHospital, Subiaco,afteralongillness, Elizabeth,dearlybeloved wifeofthelateArthurWilliamBattley,lovingmother ofThomas,Michael,Teresa (Mrs.E.G.Heitman),Mercia(Mrs.M.McCormick), Betty(Mrs.T.F.Maslen), Molly(Mrs.Wilson)and Arthur;fondmother-in-law ofEileen,Bill,Ern,Phil, MelandNola;lovedgrandmotherof15grandchildren. Aged75years.

Requiescatinpace.

BATTLEY(Elizabeth):On April18,lovedsisterand sister-in-lawofMr.and Mrs.M.Kennyandauntof MotherM.Therese(Kalamunda).

R.I.P.

McDONALD(Gertrude Louisa):OnApril9,belovedelderdaughterofPatrick andLouisaWhitely(decd.), lovedsisterofJack,Pat. Tom,Jim,Cyril,Louand Flo(Mrs.McCafferty). Requiescatinpace.

INMEMORIAM.

BARRETT (Anthony Joseph):Ofyourcharity prayforthehappyrepose ofthesoulofTony,who diedMay2,1955.Dearly lovedhusbandofMaryand lovingfatherofEmmett, TonyandMary. MostSacredHeartof Jesus,havemercyonhis soul.

CARMODY(NorahEllen): Inlovingmemoryofour dearmotherwholeftusso suddenlyonApril29,1955. Sadlymissedbyher family.R.I.P.

FENTON(John):Inloving memoryofourdearhusbandandfatherwhodied May1,1949.Eternalrest grantuntohim,0Lord. Everrememberedbyhis lovingwife,sonanddaughter.

KIRKPATRICK:Ofyour charityprayfortherepose ofthesoulofArch.T.Kevin Kirkpatrick,whopassed awayMay3,1953;dearly belovedfriendofMaureen K.Beavitt.

0SacredHeartofJesus; HeartofMary,prayforhim. InsertedbyMaureenK. Beavitt.

UNSWORTH(Jim):BelovedhusbandofMay,loved fatherofJim,Peterand Judy,whoseanniversary occursonthe28th. R.I.P.

FLORALTRIBUTES

ITTAKESFLOWERSTOEXPRESSyourfeelingstoyour bereavedones.Forpersonal attentionandpromptdelivery phoneBA3888orBF3241;after hoursMW748orL2410Telegrange"WIISONJOHNS"Perth. WILSON&JOHNSPTY.LTD., 74BarrackStreet,Perth.

PERSONAL

OPP.ST.

Twowellsituatedself-containedflatscommanding riverglimpses,doublegarage,completelyrenovated throughout.Price£4,650.

SUBURBANHOTELLEASE

Owneroffers3years'lease.Barturnoverapprox.£900. Verysmalloverhead,easilyrun,wellequipped.Full particularspersonalapplicationonlytothisoffice.

STOREANDAGENCIES-BESTINSTATE.

PROFITS£4,000YEAR.

CarryingleadingStock,MachineryandOilAgencies, thissolid,well-appointedfreeholdisanoutstandingbuy for£6,200p.s.Auditedaccountsavailableforinspection thisoffice.

WehaveawidevarietyofHomes,Businesses,Vacant

Land,FarmletsandCountryProperties. WearespecialistsintheHotelfieldandofferseveralsew leaseholdandfreeholdwoposttions.

THEGENERALAGENCYCO.

DANO'SULLIVAN(Principal)

29PADBURYBLDGS.,Opp.G.P.O.,PERTH.

WATSON&BASSETT-SCARO

REGISTEREDLANDANDESTATEAGENTS ANDAUCTIONEERS

Itisourproudpleasuretoannouncethatrecentlywe arrangedthepurchaseoftwoacresofselectedlandat MiamiBeachforRev.F.E.Hope,ParishPriestof Mandurah,forthefutureCatholicspiritualneedsinthe district.

DOYOUREQUIREAHOUSEOR BUILDINGBLOCK?

Isyourpreferencefor Ocean,PeelInlet,HarveyEstuary,MurrayRiver, Mandurahtownshiporperhapsthenewpopular MiamiBeacharea?

Ifso-attractiveblocksinallareasonveryeasy

Besuretoconsult-

WATSON&BASSETT-SCARFE

REGD.ESTATEAGENTS&AUCTIONEERS

NexttoBankofN.S.W.,PinjarraRoad,Mandan& Phone:Mandurah286;afterhours317orwrite G.P.O.Box17.

SITUATIONSVACANT

AUSTRALASIANCATHOLICASSURANCE CO.LTD.

continuestogrowandexpand.Morerepresentativesare neededinbothMetropolitanandCountrydistricts.

Hereisanopportunityforyoutobecomeyourown bossandenjoythefullprofitsofyourearningcapacity. Ifyouareinterestedandhaveinitiative,youwillsucceed asanA.C.A.representative.Experienceisnotessential. Youwillbepaidanexcellentretainerandthebest possibleratesofcommissiononnewbusiness.

A.C.A.issuesLife,PersonalAccidentandSickness, Fire,Houseowner'sandHouseholder'sandmanyother typesofpolicies.

TheyareGoodPolicies.Call,writeor'phoneA.C.A. Co.Ltd.,WarwickHouse,St.George'sTerrace(B6815), forfurtherattractivedetails.

Catholicsover26years, single,widowed,interested informingarefinedmixed socialclub,sendstamped addressedenvelopetoBox 4828thisoffice.

GOODNEWS

WEFINANCEWITHOUT

ACCOMMODATION

-WANTED-

Respectableworkingman,non-drinker,requiresboard andresidence,singleroom preferred,nearRedemptorences.ApplyBox4823this office.

Ayoung,Catholic,country marriedcouplewithsixmontholdbaby,requires furnishedself-containedfiat orpreparedtolookafter housefortwoweeks,city, holidaycommencingJune 11;goodreferencesavailable.ReplyBox4827this office.

TennisRacquetsRestrungb3 expertsatWimbledonSports Depot.14BonMarche Arcade. PhoneB2210.

TOLET

Flat,s.c.,fullyfurnished, Cottesloe,closebeachand transport,fromOctober6 toDecember31.ApplyBox 4829thisoffice.

Unfurnished3-r flat, WestPerth,£4/4/. efer businesswomanorcouple. PhoneBA8291.

GUESTHOUSE

ADELAIDEvisitorsstay at"JasperHouse,"17Jasper St.,HydePark,S.A.Two milesfromG.P.O.andclose tobusstop.Carparkon premises.Childrenwelcome.Adults16(6,children 11/6forbedandbreakfast. PhoneUA7556SouthAustralia.

AdvertisingSpecialists

2-year-old Fortuniana stock. 6/9

Snapdragon Poppies 1/3doz. (Crimson) 1/-doz.Cinerarias 1/3doz. Larkspur 1/-doz. Calendula 1/-doz.Pansies 1/6doz.