The Record Newspaper 18 March 1948

NoRoomforNeutralityinModernWorld

StirringAddressofHisGrace toHolyNameMen

OnSundaylastdelegatesfrommetropolitan

gatheredinPerthfortheir

paredbytheSecretaryoftheH.N.S.,

openedbymembersattendingSolemnHighMass,inSt.

GracetheArchbishop.

HisGracewelcomedthedelegateswhohadcomefromboth metropolitanparishesandcountrybranches,andcongratulated themonthehighstandardofthe Society,which,headded,was wieldingsuchapowerfulinfluenceinthewholecommunity.

Thefeverishunrestofatroubledpresent,andstillmorethe anxietiesabouttheuncertainfuture,hesaid,havethrownupon theshouldersofmenlikethema graveresponsibility.Inthe sphereofprivatelife,domestic peaceisbeinggraduallyundermined,andChristianmodestyis beingridiculedandsetatnaught, whileintheadministrationof public Christianprinciples ofjusticeandcharityarebeing ignored,withtheresultthatwe arenowreapingapainfulharvest ofinternationaldistrustabroad andindustrialunrestathome. TheenemiesofGodaremaking themostoftheiropportunityby unceasingactivityinaworldthat ispeculiarlyfertilefortheirhostilepropaganda.Itistherefore incumbentuponallmenofgood willtobandtogetherinacommonefforttostemtherisingtide ofdomesticdecayandcivildis-

cord,andrestoretheworldonce moretostabilityandsanity. Thisobjectivecanonlybeachieved'bymenwhoareimbued withrightprinciplesoflifeand living,andwho,inadditionare willingtoplacetheirservicesat thedisposalofthoseinauthority forthecommoncauseandcommongood.HolyNamemembersaremostfavourablyplaced toco-operateeffectivelyinthe achievementofthatobjective. Heirstotherichinheritanceof theCatholicChurch,andconversantwiththeGod-givenprinciplesofjusticeandmorality, theyareespeciallyfittedtodo theirpartinleadingtheworld outofthemorassinwhichitis flounderingandbypreceptand exampleguidingitbacktothe promisedlandofdomesticpeace andnationaltranquillity."This, inyourcase,"hetoldthem,"is notamerematterofchoice;itis a.duty,andanobligation.SacredScripturecallsyoutothat mission.'Letyourlightshine amongmenthatyoumayglorify yourFather,WhoisinHeaven.' Thereisnoroomforneutrality inaworldinwhichtheforcesof goodandevilaresoopenlyopposed."

ForthisreasonCatholics, andparticularlyCatholicmen, musttaketheirproperplacewith ailright-thinkingmenofalldenominationsinthepubliclifeof theState.ItwesChristianity thatbrokethedespotismof pagnisminthepast.Itis Christianity,andChristianity alone,thatcandestroythedespotismofCommunisminthepresentandpreservemen'sfreedomforthefuture."AsChristiansandasCatholics."hetold them,"youarealwaysfreeto subscribetoanyorthodbxpoliIca]partyyouchoose.Butyou canhavenotruckingwithany partywhichaimsatunderminingthelawfulauthorityof ChurchandState.Toapplythe wordsofSt.Augustine,your mottomustalwaysbe:inessentials,unity;inaccidentals,liberty;inallthings,charity."

HereinAustraliathereis,and hasbeeninrecentyears,an alarmingapathyamongCatholicswithregardtopubliclife. This,nodoubt,hasbeendueto someextenttotheodiumwhich politicallifehasalltoooftenincurred.Honestmenarerightlydisgustedwiththeself-seeking,deceit,anddisregardof moralprinciplestheysometimes seeinpubliclife,andwillnot sullythemselveswithcontact withit.Yettheirrefusalto takepartinpubliclifeisno remedyfortheevil.Itonly tendstoaccentuateandfoster it.Inrecenttimeswehavehad glaringexamplesofsuchalarmingapathy.Industrialtrade unions,thatthesocialteaching ofthePontiffsandtheenergyof theCatholicworkerdidmuchto foster,haveinourowndayalmostcometogriefthroughthe lethargyofthemajority.An unworthyanddishonestminority havebeenallowedtocontrol theirdestinytothedetrimentof thecommongoodandtheenslavementofthemultitude.Fortunately,hereinAustralia,the nefariousdesignsofCommunism havebeenunmaskedandthere aresignsthatallChristian workershave,evenatthelast moment,becomealivetoasense oftheirresponsibilities.Letus hopethatthedamageisnotirreparableandthatwehave learnedasalutarylessonfrom ourpastineptitude.

"Fortuntely,too,"headded, "wehaveamongstussplendid materialforremedyingthedefect.InourCatholicYouthOrganisationsandourCatholicSodalities,amongwhichyoumembersoftheHolyNameSociety standpre-eminent,wehave,in companywithallmenofgood will,learnedhowtocombinedefenceofreligiousprincipleswith thathigherserviceofcountry, whichtruepatriotismdemands. Itisanhonourableworkandan occupationworthyofthehighestgifts.Itisnounworthy

HisGracecarryingtheMonstrance,andescortedbyCadetsfrom the"Terrace,"attheAnnualEucharisticProcessionheldlast SundayattheHomeoftheLittleSistersofthePoor,"Glendalough."

tasktoeducateourlessfortunatefellowmentoasaneroutlookonlifeandakeenersense ofresponsibilitytowardstheir owneternalwelfare.Forthis reason,theCatholicinourday iscalledupontoexercisethe fullestresponsibilityofcitizenshipforwhichhemustfithimselfbyintegrityoflifeanda fullerknowledgeofthefaith thatisinhim.So"letyour lightshinebeforemen,thatyou mayglorifyyourFatherWhois inHeaven."

"Suchthenisyourmission. Youmustputfirstthingsfirst inyourownpersonallives.Take courage.Labourwithoutceasing,undauntedbydifficulties

andobstacles.UnderthebanneroftheHoly'NameSociety, workfortherestorationofthe home,thewelfareofthefamily, andthecommongoodofsociety, andyouhaveassuranceofvictory.InyoureffortstosalvagetheWorld,youwillappreciatethepowerthatsustains youandthelightthatguides you,expressedinatextofHoly Scripturethatyoumakepeculiarlyyourown:'Thereisno otherNamewherebywemaybe savedsavetheNameofJesus.'

Andyouhavetheassuranceof thereward:'Hethatprofesses Mebeforemen,IalsowillprofesshimbeforeMyFather,Who isinHeaven."'

LegionPlansHoly ThursdayPilgrimage

Oneofthemostpopularand devotionalofallthereligious functionsheldinconjunctionwith HolyWeekiswhatisknownas "TheVisittotheSevenChurches."

ThispilgrimagewasinauguratedbySt.PhilipNeriinRome (luringthe16th.century.From hereithasspreadalloverthe world.TheLegionofMaryin Irelandhasorganiseditinrecent years,andnowthousandsofpeopleinDublinaloneperformthis piouspracticeinaspiritofreparationandthanksgiving.

ThestudentsofSt.Louis School,Claremont,havepractisedthisdevotionforthelastthree orfouryears,andlastyearthe CatholicPraesidiumoftheLegionofMaryorganisedseveral carloadsof"pilgrims"whovisitedsevenmetropolitanchurches, recitingtheRosary"enroute."

TheLegionwouldliketosee thisdevotionpractisedbymore

Catholics.Theystressthefact thatnosetprayersaretoberecited,butallaretoprayfora moreferventpracticeofourown faithandfortheconversionof Australia.

ANNUALFIELDDAY.

ThefriendsofClontarfandall interestedinthesuccessofits AnnualFieldDayareinvitedto ameetingintheAssemblyHall oftheChristianBrothers'College,St.George'sTerrace.on Tuesdayevening,March23,at 8o'clock.TheManagerandhis staffwillbegratefultoallwho attendtohelpprepareforthe AnnualDay,totakeplaceat ClontarfonApril25

Stillcarryinghisbaton,KevinSalt(Cathedral)iscarriedoffthe arenawithabadlypikedfoot.Theincidentoccurredduring therunningoftherelayraceattheY.C.W.AthleticsatLeedervilleOvallastSaturday.

ByFRANCISGILBERT

Thefocusofthenewsduring theweekhasbeendividedbetweenthelotofAustraliansat homethreatenedwithindustrial anarchyandtheplightofAustraliansabroad.Regardingthelatter, beenseriousallegationshave madeinrespectofimmoralityandblack-marketingamong AustraliantroopsinJapan,while theFederalMinisterforImmigration(Mr.A..Calwell)has bannedtheentryintoAustralia ofJapanesehusbands,wives,and childrenofAustralians.Toa largeextentthetwoissuesmust beconsideredtogether.When theAustralianGovernmentdecidedtosendoccupationtroops toJapanmostofthepresentdifficultiescouldandshouldhave beenanticipated.Itwasinevitable,forinstance,thatyoung menwhohadneverbeenaway fromhomeandlocalinfluences, wouldbesubjectedtotempta- tionsallthemorealluringbecausetheywereremoteintime andplacefromthosewhoknew themintimately.Again,marriedmenwereacceptedforthe BC.O.F.,andthenvexatiousdelayswereputinthewayof theirwivesandchildrenjoining theminJapan.Perhapsthefact thattroopswerethereasvictors amongavanquishedrace,was alsoafactormakingfortheimmoralaggressionofcertain types.

Inthematterofthemarriage ofAustraliantroopstoJapanesegirls,onemustprescindentirelyfromtheexaggeratedoutburstoftheMinister grationandofcertainB.C.O.F. officials.WhatevertheAustraliancivillawormilitarylawmay prescribeinthisregard,Austra- liansoldiershavethesamenaturalrightasanyoneelsetomarry whomtheywill,providedthere arenoimpedimentsarisingfrom theNaturalorecclesiasticallaw. Thereissurelyaratherironical echofromtpanyoftheprotestsagainstmarriagesinShintotemples,wheninthiscountrymar- riagesmaybecelebratedbefore acivilregistrar.Ifoneabstractsfromtheessentially ChrisSkincharacterpfmatrimony,itdoesn'tmattertwo hootswhereamarriageiscele-

brated.Whatconstitutesthe purelynaturalcontractisthe mutualconsentofthepartiesto themarriage.TheStatehasits ownproperrightsoverthecivil effectsofmariage,butinregard tothecontractitself,anylegislationwhichcontravenesman's naturalorsupernaturalrightsis nullandvoidintheeyesofGod, andhenceofnorealbinding effectbconscience.

Mr.Calwell,inhisamazing outburst,hasreadtheAustraliancharacterquitewrongly. Thereisnodesireamongour peopletoperpetuatehatredof theJapanesepeoplebecauseof thesadisticoutragesagainstour troopsbyasectionoftheirsalliery.Wewerepreparedthen, andwearepreparednow,torecognisethatthesamestandards cannotbeexpectedfromapagan, Orientalraceaswehavebeen privilegedtoknowinaChristian schemeofthings.Inaword, wewerereadytoshowaspirit ofChristianforgiveness,andthis spiritwasmarkedevenamong thosewhohadsufferedpersonallyorthroughtheirownloved ones.Itisaspiritwhichdoes greatcredittoournation,andit i,lamentablethatanational leader,misjudgingalikethe pychologicalandChristiantemperofthepeople,shouldseekto stirthesmoulderingembersof hatred.ItisnotChristianand itisnotstatesmanlike,andithas foundnoreadyechointhehearts ofAustralians.Itmaybeundesirableforpoliticalorsocial reasonstoadmittoourcountry largenumbersofJapaneseor otherAsiaticraces,but,forthe loveofcommonsense,letusnot excludetheminthenameof racialhatred.

Mr.Calwell,itseemstome, addedtoalongseriesoferrors andimmoderateutteranceswhen hespokeoftheentryofJapanese as"polluting"ourshores.Should theallegationsagainstsome ourtroopsofimmoralitybesustained,wemightregretthedouble-edgedemploymentofthat word.TheJapanese,afterall, arenotanimals,andthetheory thattheyarearaceofsadistsno onewilltreatseriously.The experienceofourtroopswiththe

B.C.O.F.bearsthisoutsufficiently.Furthermore,theMinister forImmigrationshouldhaveconsideredthemoraldilemmain whichheplacesthosewhohave contractedvalidmarriageswith Japanese.Whateverthecitir lawsays,ifthosemarriages werevalidfromthestandpoint ofnaturallaw,thepartie3are pledgedtofidelityfortheterm oftheirlives.Iftheyattempt secondmarirages,withthesanctionofthelawinAustralia,it doesnotalterthefactthatthese marriageswouldbeadulterous. Thepretenceofthecivillawto absolvefrombigamyisofno moremoraleffectthanitspretensetograntdivorce.

TheBritishGovernmenthas atlastfollowedtheAmerican Leadindecidingnottoemploy anyoneknowntobeamemberof theCommunistPartyinwork "vitaltothesecurityofthe State."Inmakingthisannouncement,Mr.Atleedeclared thatmanyCommunistsandsome oftheirfellowtravellershadno loyaltytoBritain.ThecomboutinEnglandistobeextended toeveryGovernmentandsemiGovernmentdepartmentwhere secretsmustbesafeguarded.if theBritishmeasuredoesnothing else,atleastitclarifiespublic opinionastowhereEnglishSocialismstandsregardingCommunism.Thisisvaluablebecausetherehavebeenmounting doubtsastowhetherideological affinitiesmightnotmergeinto activeassociation.Suchdoubts aremoreseriouslyfoundedin thiscountrywheretheFederal Governmentwillnotliftafinger againsttheMarxists,despitethe factthatinseveralimportantis=UPStheRedshaveactuallytakentothemselvesfunctionsof government,andbygoslowtacticsandstrikeshavebroughtthe steelandalliedheavyindustries, togetherwithAustralia'swar potential,almosttoastandstill.

Thismasterlyinactivityisall baseduponafatuoustheoryof liberty.Andifeveratheory wasmadearednctioadabsurdumitwastheLabourtheoryof libertyasexpoundedbythe ChairmanoftheCommonwealth PublicServiceBoard(Mr.Dunk) duringtheweek.Replyingto theDeputyLeaderoftheOppo,ition,thismasterbureaucrat madethisastoundingclaim: "WhatCommunistsinthePublic Servicedointheirowntimeis theirbusiness,butwhenthey practisewhattheypreachat work,actioncanbetakenagainst them."Inthefirstplace,this lunaticconceptionoflibertyadmitsthepremisethattheState shouldbepermittedtoemploy Communistswhoareswornto overthrowit.Apparentlyanarchistsmaybeemployedonthe samebasisprovidedtheydonot actuallymanufacturebombsduringworkinghours.WhatMr. Dunkisconcerned.aboutisthe actualrevolution.Themoment amaninthePrimeMinister's Departmentwalksinwitha tommy-gunandshootsdowna dozenortwoacting-inspectors, Mr.Dunkisprepared,withenormousresolution,tocallforthe departmentalfileonthematter andevenaconference(onadepartmentallevel,ofcourse).Mr. DunkwillneverseeCommunists practisewhattheypreachat workuntilsomesuchthinghappens.Asmuchassensiblecitizenswouldliketoseeavastdecreaseinthenumberofactinginspectors,thistechniqueisa littleontheabruptside.

moilofQuensland,butseeminglytheyarereadytoattributeit toahandfulofhot-heads.They donotknowtheirmasters.And ofthenumberofhiddenCommunistsandfellow-travellers thereisnoreckoning.Yetthey willallbetherewhenthetocsin sounds,scrabblingalongthe lastfewfurlongsoftheRedroad madesostraightandeasyfor thembytheDunksofthisworld.

Lastmonthwewerefavouredwithacommunicationfrom MrWH.Williams,GrandSecretaryoftheProtestantAllianceFriendlySociety.Twoof theplaintsmadebythatgentlemanwerethe"powerpoliticsof yourChurch"andalsoitsalleged receptionof'favoursfromthe Governmentfarinexcessoftheir proportiontothepopulation."In connectionwiththerecentelectionfortheMidlandJunctionGuildfordseatfortheLegislative Assembly,wereceivedanother communicationfromthesame source.Itwasnotsenttous directly,orindeedparticularly, butwasintheformofacircular settingforththereligionofthe candidates. Nevertheless it reachedus.Wenotethatonly oneofthecandidateswaslisted asaCatholic-thevictoriousone asitturnedout.Therewere,in addition,fiveProtestantsanda Communist.Thecircularhad thesavinggracethatitborethe signaturesoftheMr.Williams mentioned'above,andofA.F Castle,GrandSecretaryofthe LoyalOrangeInstitutionofW.A., undertheauthorityoftheirrespectiveorganisations.

Idonotmentionthematterby wayofunderliningthefutilityof suchsectarianefforts,but-itdoes shedsomelightontheclaimof Mr.Williamsinhisletterof Februarythat"werespectand admireRomanCatholiccitizens againstwhomwehavenocomplaint."Theby-electionlast Saturdayhadnottheslightest referencetotheCatholicChurch ortoanyotherreligiousbody. Itwaspurelyapoliticalissue. Hencetheeffortsofthesetwo Protestantorganisationstointerfereinacorporatecapacity canonlybecharacterisedas downrightsectarianism,power politics,andapersonalattack againstMr.Brady.Hadthe CatholicChurchoranyofitsrepresentativesessayedsucha dastardlymanoeuvre,theywould havebeenjustlyandroundlycondemned.ButwhilethesefanaticalProtestantorganisations arebusyinveighingagainstjust suchallegedpracticesonthe partofCatholics,theyareupto theearsinthemthemselves.It isamatterofsatisfactionthat theydonotrepresentthenonCatholicbodiesasawhole,so theirshameisaminorandpersonalmatter.

anyreligion.Thesemenarein astateofpitifulspiritualisolation.Theyspeakthelanguage offrustration,anddonotcommandrespect.Itiseasiertobe silentthantobeconstantly wrong.

FORSALE

HolidayFlats:Exchangefor Goldfield,house,orconsider business.Threeself-containedflats,bringingin£1410s. weekmostoftheyear.

TenantedHouses:Forthosewho wanttostartpayingofftheir homewithpossessionlater. Twoavailable,j.w.b.,andin goodorder.Depositwillbuy.

MixedFarm:30milesfromcity. Houseandequipment.Ten acresofland;stock,vines; goodsoil.Thelotfor£1,075.

Houseand100Acres:Forf.175! 27milesfromPerth.Suitable forgrazing,mixedfarming. Sevenacrescleared;permanentstreamandwell.

PoultryFarm:Properlyequip- ped,well-managed'farm.Nice house;highlyprofitablebusiness.Fewmilesfromcity. Mostattractive.£3,150.

Blocks:LargeblockonTrolley route,Wembley,100feetfrontage.Others,50feet,Holland, Essex,Keane.AlsoDouglas Avenue,SouthPerth;Keight- leyRoad,Subiaco;SmithAvenue,Belmont;CrowtherStreet, Bayswater;HolmfirthStreet, Mt.Lawley;twoacresinthe hills.

SuitEngineer:Steelfabrication worksincity.Largeshop. Runningitself.Needsonly casualsupervisionorcanbe developed.£20aweekclear forthe£1,600wantedforplantandstock.

AttractiveMixed:Asuburban businessawayfromshopping area.Goodclassresidential district.Steadyassuredfuture.Takingsaround£100. Accommodationcannotbe faulted.Longlease;lowrent. Ownerneedshouse,buyor rent.

CityMixedStore:Foragood businessman.Taking£300 week.Modern'premises,plant andappearance.£3,000. UnauthorisedNewsagency:Est. 30years.Soundfutureand lightwork.£2,600.Altern. accom,required.Alsoauthorednewsagencies.

Confidence!:Alargebusiness transactionthatrequiredthe mostcarefulhandlingbecause ofhighlyconfidentialinformation,wasrecentlysoldbyJ. AlexanderHuntandKevin Young.Thepartnersarenoted fortheirstrictobservanceto instructions,andclientscan havethecertainassurancethat alltheirbusinessaffairswill betransactedwiththeutmost discretion.

Weincorpo'atewithustheOpticalPracticesofOPTICALPRESCRIPTIONS(W.A.),LTD.,

Ihaveaparalysingfearthat Mr.Dunk'sviewsreflectthoseof agreatmanycomfortably-placed bureaucrats,andoftheirpoliticaloverlords.Thereseemsto be,inthefirstplace,noadequate realisationofwhattheinnernatureofCommunismreallyis,despitethehorribleexamplesof dozenEuropeancountriesthat onlyashorttimebackwerefree. Secondly,therewouldappearco benoknowledgeofhowfarthe positionhasdeterioratedinAustralia.Thesemencanseetur-

Theymight,however,learn somethingfromtheirrepeated failures.Onethingisthatthe averageAustralianisfair-mindedandwillnotpermithimselfto beswayedbysectarianissues gratuitouslyinjectedintopoliticalaffairs.Indeed,innotafew cases,sucheffortshaveareactionaryeffect.Inviewsofthe resultsoftheelections,itwould notbeunreasonabletobelieve thatquiteafewnon-Catholics mighthavevotedforMr.Brady becausetheythoughtofhimsym- patheticallyasthetargetofreligiousbigotry.Finally,Iwould commendtoourbitterfriends thewordsoffourProtestant leadersinalettertotheCatholic ArchbishopofAdelaide.Itappearsonpage8ofthisissue. Theymustalsohavereadwhat wassaidbyanon-Catholicevangelisttotheseshoresrecently, thatthebigotwasofnouseto

Somanypropositionsarerequiredforsalethatitwould beimpossibletolistapartof them,butparticularlywantedthisweekareHousesandInvestmentsofanydescription: Acountryorcitycafe,with profitover£30.

AcountryHotel.

AcountryAuthorisedandUnauthorisedNews.

APoultryFarm,about£2,000. Alargehome,Dalkeith,toanyfigure.Ownermaystayas tenant.

ForBusinessorPropertyNego- tiationscontactJ.ALEXANDERHUNTAND YOUNG, THEEYESOFREALESTATE, 2nd.Floor,81ST.GEORGE'S TERRACE. Tel.:B6714.

TheArchdiocese

VeryRev.J.J.RaffertyreturnedfromIrelandonthe"Pinjarra"onWednesday,March10. HehasbeenappointedAdministratoratSt.Mary'sCathedral. Rev.J.HoganhasbeenappointedDiocesanSecretary. FatherE.Carolanhastakenup dutiesaslocumtenens"atBelmontPark.

Archbishop'sEngagements.

March21-PalmSunday

11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral. SolemnlyblesspalmsandpresideatSolemnHighMass.

7.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitation,St.Columba'sChurch,SouthPerth.

March24-SpyWednesday: 7.30pmPresideatOfficeof Tenebrae.

March25-HolyThursday:

9.30a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral. Pontificate.

7.30p.m.:PresideatOfficeof Tenebrae.

March26-GoodFriday: 10a.m.:PresideatMassof Pre-Sanctified. 3p.m.:AttendStationsofthe Cross.

7.30p.m.:PresideatOfficeof Tenebrae.

March27-HolySaturday: 8.30a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral PresideatHolySaturdayCeremonies.

March28-EasterSunday: 10a.m:St.Mary'sCathedral: Pontificate.

Distinguished PrelatesVisit Melbourne

Alreadymanydistinguished PrelateshavesignifiedtheirintentionofattendingtheCentenaryCelebrationstobeheldin MelbournefromMay2nd.-9th. Thefollowingprelateshaveexpressedthehopethattheywill beabletoattend:

Cardinals.

HisEminenceCardinalGilroy (Sydney).

HisEminenceCardinalGriffin (Westminster).

HisEminenceCardinalSpellman(NewYork).

Archbishops.

HisGraceArchbishopD'Alton (Armagh).

HisGraceArchbishopWalsh (Tuam). HisGraceArchbishopO'Doherty(Manila).

HisGraceArchbishopRitter (St.Louis).

HisGraceArchbishopVachon (Ottawa).

Bishops.

HisLordshipBishopWade (NorthSolomons).

HisLordshipBishopBrowne (Galway).

HisLordshipBishopFoley (Fiji).

HisLordshipBishopBergan (DesMoines).

Inaddition,thethirty-one -membersoftheAustralianand NewZealandHierarchyareall .expectedtobepresent,making thetotalnumberofprelatesat thecelebrationsabout fifty.

CLERICALVISITORS.

HolyWeekCeremonies

ListofSacredMinisters

PALMSUNDAY,(MARCH21).

10.4ka.m.:SolemnBlessingof thePalms,followedbyHigh Mass.

HisGracetheArchbishopwill solemnlyblessthepalmsandpresideatHighMass.

Celebrant:Rev.M.Byrne.

Deacon:Rev.J.McNamara.'

Sub-Deacon:Rev.J.Depiazzi.

AssistantDeaconsatThrone: VeryRev.J.Wallace,Rev.J. Hogan.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.J.J. Rafferty,Adm.

DeaconsofthePassion:

Christus:Rev.D.F.Bourke, C.M.

Narrator:Rev.T.Prendiville.

Synogogue:Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

7.30p.m.:Devotions. Preacher:Rev.E.J.Stormon,S.J.

sPYWEDNESDAY(March24).

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop. AssistantsatThrone:Rt.Rev. Mgr.Moss,Rt.Rev.Mgr.McMahon,M.A.

Chanters:Rev.J.McGillicuddy, Rev.T.Prendiville.

Lamentations:

1 Rev.T.Prendiville.

2.Rev.K.Duffy.

3.Rev.J.McGillicuddy.

Lessons:

4.Rev.V.O'Sullivan.

5Rev.M.Brennan.

6.Rev.J.Hogan.

7.Rev.J.Depiazzi.'

8.Rev.K.Duffy

9Rt.Rev.MonsignorMcMahon,M.A.

ChoirforTenebrae:Revs.J.McGillicuddy,J.J.Rafferty,J. Wallace,J.Murphy,J. Hogan,V.O'Sullivan,M. Brennan,J.Depiazzi,K. Duffy,J.Sorohan,J.Chokolich.M.Delahunty,M.Byrne, M.Ryan,E.Sullivan,D.D.,D. Conroy,T.Prendiville,A. Scully,J.Doyle,T.McCaul,F. Ryan,andJ.McNamara.

Preacher:ARedemptoristFather

HOLYTHURSDAY(March25).

6.45-8.30a.m.:HolyCommunion.

9.30am.:PonticalMassand ConsecrationofHolyOils.

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Archdeacon:VeryRev.J.J.Rafferty,Adm.

DeaconsatThrone:Rt.Rev. Mgr.Moss,Rt.Rev.Mgr.McMahon,M.A. AssistantPriest:Rev.J.P. O'Farrell.

DeaconoftheMass:Rev.J. Hogan.

Sub-DeaconoftheMass:Rev.M. Byrne. PriestsoftheHolyOils:Revs. J.Fahey,J.McCormack,F. Kearnan,G.O'Callaghan,A. Langmead,J.Lynch,J.Wallace,E.Sullivan,Oblate Father.RedemptoristFather, JesuitFather,andVincentian Father.

DeaconsoftheHolyOils:Revs. F.O'Connor,F,Ryan,C.Stinson,J.Brosnan,E.McBride,T. McCaul,andJ.Murphy.

Sub-DeaconsoftheHolyOils: Revs.W.Brown,A.Scully,M. Delahunty,H.Brennan,J.Depiazzi,J.O'Dwyer,andtE. Rogers.

Chanters:Revs.J.McGillicuddy, T.Prendiville.

Willallpriestswhoaregoing toMelbournefortheCentenary,andmakingtheirownarrangements,kindlyforwardto Rev.A.J.Martin,143a'BeckettStreet,Melbourne,their Melbourneaddress,inorderthat detailsofclericalfunctions,programmes,locations,etc.,maybe furnishedtothemonarrival.

OPPORTUNITY.

Everybodylikestohavea chancetoreachthegoalofsuccess.Withoutopportunitylife isverybleak.BuyatickettodayintheNo.410CharitiesConsultation.Firstprizeof£3,000.

Celebrant:Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon:Rev.J.Depiazzi. Sub-Deacon:Rev.M.Byrne. AssistantsatThrone:1,Rt.Rev. MonsignorMoss;2,Rt.Rev. MonsignorMcMahon,M.A.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.J.J. Rafferty,Adm.

Lector:Rev.K.Duffy.

DeaconsofthePassion: Christus:Rev.D.F.Bourke, C.M.

Narrator:Rev.T.Prendiville. Synogogue:Rev.J.McvGillicuddy.

Sub-DeaconandCrosss-Bearer: Rev.J.McGrath.

Preacher:VeryRev.J.Lynch.

3p.m.:StationsoftheCross. RedemptoristFather.

7.30p.m.:Tenebrae.

AsonSpyWednesday.

Preacher:Rev.E.J.Stormon, S.J. HOLYSATURDAY(March27).

S.30a.m.:

BlessingofPaschalFire. BlessingofPaschalCandle. ChantingoftheProphecies. BlessingoftheBaptismalFont ChantingoftheLitanies. HolyMassandVespers. TheCeremoniesbytheVery Rev.RectorandStudentsof St.Charles'Seminary.

EASTERSUNDAY(March28).

10a.m.:PonticalHighMass.

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Deacon:Rev.J.Hogan. Sub-Deacon:Rev.J.O'Farrell.

AssistantsatThrone:Rt.Rev. Mgr.Moss,Rt.Rev.Mgr.McMahon,M.A. AssistantPriest:VeryRev.J.J. Rafferty,Adm.

Preacher:Rev.E.J.Stormon, S.J.

1.HolyWeekmusic underthedirectionof Lynch.

willue Rev.A.

2.CeremoniesdirectedbyRevs. J.P.O'FarrellandR.Kelly.

3.TheMinistersoftheHoly Oils: Priests(Amice,Alb,Cincture, StoleandChasuble). Deacons(Amice,Alb,Cincture, StoleandDalmatic).

Sub-Deacons(Amice, CinctureandTunicle), willbringtheirownVestments, andvestbeforeHolyMasscommences.

4.OnHolyThursdayallPriests andMinisterswillassemblein theChapterHallandgoinprocessiontotheCathedralbythe MurrayStreetgate.

5.Morningceremoniesinthe parishesshouldbeoversufficientlyearlytoenableprieststoattendtheCathedral.

6.Priestsappointedforany functionintheCathedralmust provideasubstituteifunable toattend.TheM.C.shouldbe notifiedofanysuchchangeof Ministers.

7.Thefollowingwillprepare anddispatchtheHolyOils: Revs.J.Wallace,J.O'Farrell, K.Duffy,J.McGrath,J.Hogan andR.Kelly.

8.CONFESSIONS:

,SpyWednsday:12to1p.m., 4to6p.m.,andafterTenebrae. GoodFriday:AfterTenebrae. HolySaturday:12to1p.m., and4to6p.m.,and7.30p.m. onwards.

Sub-DeaconandCrossBearer: Rev.M.McKeown. JuniorM.C.:Rev.J.McNamara

Choir:Revs.J.McGillicuddyT. Prendiville,K.Duffy,V.O'Sullivan,andA.Scully 7.30p.m.:Terwbrae. AsonSpyWednesday.

Preacher:AVincentianFather.

GOODFRIDAY(March26).

10a.m.:MassofthePresanctied;AdorationoftheCross.

Presiding:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Onlythosepriestsnamedin .theabovelistareexpectedto attend.

HisGracetheArchbishoprenewsforthePriestsoftheArchdiocesethefollowingflacultie8 grantedtohimbytheHolySee:

1.Thefacultybywhichpriests, fortheconveniencofthe Faithful,areobligedtobinate onPalmSunday,mayomitthe readingofthePassionatthe secondMasa.

2.ThefacultybywhichPriests areauthorisedtoomitthe readingoftheProheciesinthe MassonHolySaturday. ile/Yidt;ite-e"

ArchbishopofPerth.

PlanofRedemption

Duringthesedaysthatintervenebtweennowand Easterweareaskedto"actmanly"indisposingoursouls byprayerandpenance.Iftheweeksthathavegonehave beenwasted,allthesnorewe-muststrivetousefullythe daysofPassiontide.Beholdthisistheacceptabletime, thisisthedayofsalvation!Thisistheseasonforsincere andearnestpreparationforChrist'sResurrectioninus, tits.mysticmembers.Thisis,theChurch'sspringtide inwhich.the.divinesapflowsagainfromtheVineChrist intoHisbranches,causingthemto,shootforthandblossomandgrow."Letoldenthingsdepart,andallbenew around,ineveryactandvoiceandheart."Theleavenof maliceanalwickednessmustheremoved.Thisistheanqua!retreatoftheChurchconductedbytheHolyGhost Himself.HisprogrammeiscontainedinthedailyLentenliturgy.particularlysointhesacredtextsoftheLenten Sundays.

4

PassiontidebeginsonSunday,andcallsonustodevotesometimeeachdaytomeditatingonthePassionof OurLord.IntheliturgyofHolyWeek,sherecallsin letailthevariousstepsthatledHimtothehillofdeath. WehearintheTenebraeServicethepropheciesringing theirmessagesdownthearchesoftheyears,andwesee themrealisedinHimastheceremonialdrawsustowards GoodFriday.IntheTenebraeOfficeisreadthestory chatblendsthethreadsoftheOldandNewTestaments .ntoatapestrythatallmayread.Whenthevoicesofthe Oldarere-echoedintheNew,werealisehowperfectwas theplanofourredemption.InPassiontide,theChurch tvandersslowlyandlovingly,overthefootstepsofHim, thechiefActor,intheTragedyofCalvary.Observing theextentofthosesufferings,weshallrealisethepricethat hasbeenpaidforus,andthatthoughtshouldurgeusto greaterandmoregenerousloveofhim.

Passiontideshouldbetousaspringtideofspiritual growthandbloomandvigour.knthevineyardofthesoul thereareweeds,briarsandbramblesthatwillchoketl'c sprdutingvineofGod'sloveunlesswerootthemupand castthemforth.Thebriarsandbramblesofsin,andthe occasionsofsin,willappearinalltheiruglinesswhenthe :ightofthePassionisdirecteduponthem.Strengthand couragewillalsocometousfrommeditatingonthose scenes,andbothareneededifwewouldcastfromusthe occasionsofsinthattendtoestrangeusfromHim.Let thewordsofthepsalmistbethemottoofPassiontidefor usall:"Viriliteragite"-"Doyemanfully."

THANKS **

TheSt.Patrick'sDayCommitteedesiretoexpresstheir sincerethankstoallwhohelpedinanywaytomaketheCelebrationssuchanoutstandingsuccess.Specialthanksaredueto theWA.FootballLeague,PoliceDepartment,St.John'sAmbulance,thevarioustransportauthorities,andtheSubiacoMunicipalCouncil.

TheCommitteewishes,inaspecialmanner,tocongratulate thechildrenontheirsplendidconductandtoacknowledgethe readyco-operationofthereligiousteachers.

ASTOR"JJ"

HEM)

'Phone:B9954,B9541

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremoni BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE. The

all branchesofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolisbeautifullysituatedbetweenOceanand River,inextensivegrounds,withfineplayingfield'sandprivate SwimmingPoolinRiver.

Telephone:F2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH

(ConductedbytheSistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

Pupilsr-eparedAllExaminations

'Phone:

JUNIORHIGHSCHOOL,HaroldStreetEntrance. AlsoatLEAROYDSTREET,MT.LAWLEY. ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

BoysacceptedfromSixthClasstoLeavingCertificate EarlyApplicationissuggestedfor1949 ForProspectusandforconditionsgoverningenrolmentwriteto: THEBROTHERSUPERIOR

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY. ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:..MU1520.

FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS. Boysadmittedfrom'7upwards. BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanning ForParticularsapplyto- Bridge. TkePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

PatroniseOurAdvertisers

YACTIVITIES

HEADQUARTERS.

MembersoftheSportsLouncilshouldnotethatthenext meetingwillbeheld.onThursday,April1,andnotMarch25, aspreviouslyarranged.There willbenomeetingoftheExecutiveonthe25th.inst.

SOCIALCALENDAR.

GrandEasterCarnival,in R.S.L.Hall,OxfordStreet,oppositeParishHall.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

Theannualcricketmatch againsttheSeminarywillbe playedonthe21st.,atSt.Charlea'.

Anopentabletennistournamentwillbeconductedshortly. DesCrannagewillgiveyouall theinformation.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Keepthatshieldshiny,ShentonPark!We'llwantitnextseason!Tothoseinterested,ShentonParkwonthefinalcricket matchfromCathedralby70odd runs.PhilFosterplayedanuntiringgame.Fieldworkwas ratherpatchy,butimprovedduringthegame.

Thesavingsschemewillbe commencedshortlyunderthe capablemanagementofC.CooperandG.Reilly,bothofwhom arevolunteers.

Thesportsteamaretoberecommendedfortheirfineeffort inobtainingsecondplaceinthe recentsportsheldatLeederville OvallastSaturday.P.Hoyne andK.Salt,duetomuchhard workandmultiplearrangements, mouldedasolidteamoutofsome hiddentalentand'rawmaterial.

WethankCyrilKingforcomingtoouraidonSundaywhen LennieGossagewasinjured.

Incidentally,wewanttobe wellrepresentedintheforthcomingY.C.W.-N.C.G.M.Concert.So rehearsalsforaboys'actisbeing conductednextMondayatSt. Patrick'sBoys'School.A-gram- aphoneandrecordswouldbe deeplyappreciated. Withallourwins,Cathedral claimedthespotlightlastweek.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Important!Allmembersare requestedtobeatTerryDaly's homeafterdevotionsto-night, whereallarrangementsconcerningthecompletionofthefilm aretobemade.

Y.C.W.ATHLETICCOMPETITION.

Subiaco,forthesecondyearin successionwontheArchbishop's Shieldintheinter-branchathleticcompetition.Thefinalaggregatepointswere:Subiaco, 216;Cathedral,152i;Leederville, 113;Fremantle,92k;Claremont, 46;Highgate,38;WestPerth, 30:Belmont,10;Cottesloe,10; OsbornePark,4.

Theabovepointsaretheaggregateoftheopen,under19, andunder17divisions.Theopen divisionwaswonbySubiaco (101)fromFremantle(50)and Cathedral(-13).Theunder19 pennantwenttoLeederville (94),fromSubiaco(75)andCathedral(580;andtheunder17 pennantwenttoCathedral(51) fromSubiaco(47)andClaremont(29).

GerryFoley(Fremantle)was openchampionwith42points, andKevinDuffy(Subiaco)wes runner-upwith36points.

Intheunder19sectionBrian Williams(Leederville).with37 points,wontheall-roundchampionshipfrontBilldeGruchy (Leederville)with28points.

JohnO'Connell(Claremont) wastheunder17champion.

IndividualResults.

Thestarperformanceofthe daywasKevinDeane's220yards runin22.6seconds.Thisisthe fastesttimerecordedinW.A. thisseason.Otherwinnersare asfollows:

Open:

100Yards:K.Deane(Cath.).

Time,10.2sec

220Yards:K.Deane(Cath.). Time,22.6sec.

440Yards:J.deGruchy(L.).

880Yards:A.Barker(Cl.),

OneMile:ABarker(C1.).

ThreeMiles:G.Foley(F.).

100Yards:W.deGruchy(L.).

220Yards:W.deGruchy(L.).

440Yards:B.Williams(L)

880Yards:B.Williams(L.).

OneMile:W.Silverstone (Cath.).

ThreeMiles:W.Silverstoiss (Cath.).

120YardsHurdles:B.Williams (L.).

440YardsHurdles:B.Williams(L.).

HighJump:D.Reed(F.).

BroadJump:K.Salt(Cath.) andJ.Parker(F.).

Hop,SepandJump:K.Salt (Cath.).

ShotPutt:J.Donovan(S.)

HammerThrow:N.McGhie (S.).

DiscusThrow:N.McGhie(S.).

Under17:

UPANDOVER!

120YardsHurdles:G.Foley (F.).

440YardsHurdles:G.Foley (F.).

HighJump:K.Duffy(S.).

BroadJump:W.O'Grady(S.).

Hop,StepandJump: W. O'Grady(S.).

ShotPutt:J.Sullivan(S.).

HammerThrow:B.McGinnity (WP).

DiscusThrow:K.Duffy(S.).

Under19:

100Yards:J.O'Connell(Cl.).

220Yards:J.O'Connell(Cl.).

440Yards:K.Clarke(W.P.).

880Yards:J.M.Leahy(Cath.)

100YardsHurdles:J.O'Connell(C1.)

HighJump:K.Clarke(W.P.).

BroadJump:J.Pitts(H.).

ShotPutt:K.Cox(Cath.).

DiscusThrow:K.Cox(Cath.).

RelayResults.

Under19:Leederville,1;Subiaco,2;Cathedral.3.Time, 49.1eec.

Under17:Subiaco,1;Cathe.dral,2 Time,52.5sec.

NewmanPresidentReportsonU.C.F.A. Conference

NewmanSundayandTutorial Experiment

AwelcometoallCatholic FreshersoftheUniversitywas heldintheRefectoryonMarch 10.Thisyear'sPresident,Mr. B.Adderley,incorporatedinhis addressofwelcomeabriefreport oftheannualConferenceofthe UniversityCatholicFederationof Australia(U.C.F.A.),whichthis yearwasheldinBrisbane,and whichheattendedasofficialdelegateforWA.Hementioned U.C.F.A.'saffiliationwithPax, Romana,theCatholicInternationalStudents'Organisation, whichhasitsheadquartersin Fribourg,Switzerland.Thefact thatthePopehasseenfittoappointaCardinalProtectorfor PaxRomana,CardinalPizzardo, showshowimportantthismovementhasbecome. U.C.F.A.Conference. TheBrisbaneConferencewas presidedoverbytheoutgoing President,Mr.Hannan,K.C.,of Adelaide,andbesideprofitable discussionofUniversityCatholic Societyproblems,aseriesof papersweredeliveredonthe theme,"TheCatholicStudent andModernLife."

Mr.ColinClark,EconomicAdvisertotheQueenslandGovernment,spokeon"TheStudentand Society;"Mr.DonaghMacDonagh,editorof"TheCatholic Leader,"on"TheStudent-Apos- tle:"Mr.J.P.Kelly,aprominent Brisbanelawyer,on"TheStudentandReading."andDr.E. Shaw,DirectoroftheQueensland RedCrossBloodTransfusion Service,on"TheStudentand Science."Itishopedthataccountsofthepapersdeliveredbe publishedinthesecolumnslater.

ArchbishopDuhig,ofBrisbane, tookalivelyinterestintheConference,officiallyopeningit,attendingsomeofthemeetings, and,takinganactivepartinthe discussiohswhichfollowedL

EveryoneattheConference wasimpressedbyhisknowledge of,anddeepinterestin,Universitylifeandproblemshereand inAmerica,fromwhichhehas butrecentlyreturned.

FatherWilfredRyan,S.J.,of Adelaide,wasresidentChaplain fortheConference.

TheW.A.delegate,Mr.B.Adderly,waselectedtothe1948ExecutiveofU.C.F.A.asVice-President,andwascongratulatedon behalfofthemembersofthe PerthNewmanSocietyforits flourishingcondition,whichcomparedmorethanfavourablywith 'heotherStates.

NewmanSunday.

Continuinghisaddress,Mr. AdderlyoutlinedthearrangementsforNewmanSunday, whichthisyetftisonSunday,

April4(theSundayafterEaster).The8o'clockMass,atthe Cathedral,willbecelebratedby HisGracetheArchbishop,'and sreakfastwillbeprovidedinthe Y.A.L.Hall,Irwin-street.An appealwasmadeforpeoplewith carstopickupstudentswhomay finddifficultyinreachingthe ..ityatthathour.Detailsofthe routestobefollowedbythese carswillbepublishedin"The Record."Peoplewithcarswtho wouldliketoassistwereasked tocontactthePresident(F2340) 'rtheSecretary,MissAnn Meagher(M1329)assoonaspos- sible.

Tutorialsfor1948.

Anoutlinewasalsogivenofa seriesoftutorialswhichareto beconductedthisyearundertheauspicesoftheNewmanSociety. Thesetutorialswillfollowthe prescribedUniversitysyllabusin certainsubjectsandwillendeavourtogivetoCatholicundergraduatesthebenefitwhichnormallyaCatholicUniversityCollegefurnishesinthisrespect. Eachtutorialgroupwillbelimitedtoabout12,andwillmeet fivetimes.Thesubjectswhich theSocietyintendscoveringfor 1948willbelimited,asthewhole planislargelyexperimental. Thefollowinghavebeenarrangeddefinitely,andothersmay beaddedifthedemandwarrants it:

Rev.FatherStormon,S.J:Eng- lishII.andIII.

Mr.L.Lobstein,B.A.,Did.Ed.: FrenchI.

Rev.DrSullivan,D.D.,D.Ph.: Sociology.

Rt.Rev.MonsignorMcMahon, M.A..Ph.D.,H.Dip.Ed.:EducationI.

Rev.FatherMcBride:PhilosophyI..IIB.

Anyinformationconcerning thesetutorialsmaybeobtained fromthePresidentoranymem-beroftheExecutive.

Chaplain'sAddress.

Thebusinessoftheevening concludedwithabriefwelcometo FreshersbyV.Rev.FatherBarden,S.J.,thenewChaplainofthe NewknanSociety.FatherBarden,inapithyaddress,insisted that,inasecularUniversity, suchasexistedhere,Christand theChurcharejudgedalmostexclusivelybytheactions,public andprivate,ofeveryCatholic student.TorepresentChrist thuswasnotonlyagreatprivilegebutalsoaresponsibility,and wemustbeeverconsciousofit. FurtherdetailsofarrangementsforNewmanSundayand ofthetutorialswillbepublished in"TheRecord"inthenear future.

ASSERTIONSANI

PERSONALITIES

1havetwolettersonhand which1amunabletoanswerin theordinaryway.Ihopethat thewritersarelisteningtonight,andwillunderstandwhy theyhavereceivednoformai reply.

Thefirstisfromapersonwho givesnonameoraddress,and whomIshallcall,forconvenience,Mr.Blank.Theletter containsnoquestions,butit makesupforthisbyacollection oflarge,heartyassertions,allintertwinedwithavigorousgrowth ofBiblicalexegesisrunwild.

FormyinformationIamtonote thatRussiaisthegreatestforce workingforChristianityinthe

worldto-day. 1gather,too,in avaguekindofway,thatJoseph StalinisthenewSt.Paul.It seemsthatthewritersofthe Scriptureslookedforwardtothis ,iayandrejoiced.

Iamsorry,Mr.Blank,but when1feellikealittlerestfrom realityImuchprefer"Alicein Wonderland." ThesecondletterisfromaCatholicladyinEastFremantle, whoisworriedaboutoneofher friendswhosehusbandbehaves inabrutalmanner.Iamafraid thismatteristoopersonaltobe dealtwithovertheair.All1 cansayisthat,ifthefactsare asyoustatethem,thentheman oughttostartexamininghisconscienceveryseriouslystraight away.

CHANGEOFTIME

Listenerstothe"CatholicAnswer-arerequestedtonote thatthebroadcasttimeofthissessiononSundaynightshas beenalteredfrom9p.m.to9.30p.m.

PoliticalUndesirablesProve

NothingAgainsttheChurch

CATHOLICISMGREATERTHANANYOFITSMEMBERS

writes:

"Anglo-Catholic," Fremantle,power111Catholiccountries,and provethattheywerepoliticalundesirables,theonlyansweryou wouldgetfromanymanof commonsenseis,"Sowhat?"

"Whyisitthateveryleader ofacountrythathasbeensupportedbyyourChurchhas eithermetabadend,orhas beenostracizedbyothernations?Forexample,Mussolini,HitlerandFranco." A.:Itwouldbehardtosort outthenumberoffalseassumptionswhichyourquestionbetrays.Letussupposethatone 'lay1wentuptoaProtestant andsaid:"LookhereyouProtestantsmustbeabadlot.KaiserWilhelm,ofPrussiawasa Protestant,anddidn'thecome toabadend?AndAdmiralHorthy,ofHungary,wasaProtestant,too,andlookwhathappened tohim!Didn'theselloutto theNazis?Andlookwhata messGoeringandHimmlergot themselvesinto:Andwhatdecentmanwouldhavelikedto beseentalkingtoaQuisling?" Iknowverywellwhatwould happenifIcameoutwithsuch afarragoofnonsenseandmisrepresentationinthepresenceof anyofmyProtestantfriends. Theywouldlookatmesympatheticallyandaskwhetherperhapstheheathadnotbeentoo muchformeafterall.Ihesitatetosayanythingwhichmay hurtyou,butreallyyoumust realisethatthequestionyouask meisverymuchliketheabsurditywhich1havejustproposed. IfapoliticiangoestoaChurch ofEnglandSunday-schoolinhis boyhood,andthenlaterinlifeis guiltyofgraftandcorruption andearnsopprobriumforhimself,whatdoesthatproveagainsttheChurchofEngland?Absolutelynothing.IfIshowthat TitusOates,oranyothervillain ofhistory,wasabelievingProtestant,haveIdamagedthe claimsofProtestantismtbrepresentapurereligion?Nota bit.Inthesameway,ifyou pointoutanumberofCatholics, orex-Catholics,ormenwhohave

PAVINGCONTRACTOR

ExpertinBitumenandGravel Construction.

EstimatesandSpecificationsFree TOMMURPHY, 251HamersleyRoad,Subiaco. 'PhoneW1570.

Nowie:meremovedafeuinaccuraciesandmisunderstan,`.ingswhichyourletterbetrays. TheCatholicChurchisnotpledgedtoanypoliticalregime,and ithashadtroublewithatleast twooftheleadersyoumentioe. GermanyisnotonthewholeaCatholicnation.Hitlerwas,Ibelieve,broughtupasaboyinthe CatholicChurch,butheturned againstitlateronandbecame oneoftheworstenemiesthat Churchhasknown.Youmust know,aseveryoneknows,how HitlertriedtodestroyCatholicismandeveryotherformof ChristianitythroughoutGermany.Mussoliniwaswell knowntobeanunbeliever,and foryearshebickeredwiththe ChurchinItaly.Whenhedid finallypatchupsomekindofa peacewithit,itwassimplybecauseherealisedthatitwasbad policytoquarrelcontinuouslywiththeChurchtowhichthe overwhelmingmajorityofItaliansbelonged.Francois,I understand,apractisingCatholic,and,fromwhatIhear,it seemsthatnoonehasbeenable tobringanyreproachagainsthis privatelife.Youmaynotagree withhispolitics;thatisanother matteraltogether:Youare freetocriticisehissystemof governmentasmuchasyoulike, butIamafraidthatwillgetyou nowhereinanargumentonreligion.

Inthemeantime,letmeremindyouthattherehavebeen, andare,Catholicpoliticalleaderswhohavedonesignalservicestotheircountryandwhose charactersfair-mindedmenadmire.IcouldspeakaboutSeipelandDolfuss,ofAustria,or SalazarofPortugal,orevencertainmenatthepresenttimein FranceandItaly.Butreally thereisnopointinthiskindof argumentatall.Youcan't provethattheCatholicChurch isthetrueChurchbyshowing thatDolfusswasagoodman, anymorethanyoucanshowitis notthetrueChurchbyshowing thatHitler,whowasbaptisedin

It,wasabadman.TheCatholicChurchissomethingimmenselygreaterthananyofits members,andthetruthofits claimsdoesnotdependonthe characterorachievementsofany manorgroupofmen.

Youwrite:

"Foryourinformation.Since Englandwasexcommunicated fromtheRomanCatholic Church,shehasbecomethe leadingnationoftheworld. WhatcountryunderRoman Catholicrulehasthathonour to-day?"

A.:Therei,nosuchthingas RomanCatholicrule.Thereare countrieswheremostoftheinhabitantsareCatholics,and wheresomeofthepoliticalleadersareCatholics,too.Ipresumethatthisiswhatyoumean. Frig-landwasnotexcommunicatedfromtheCatholicChurch; onlyapersoncanbeexcommunicated.AndEngland'sgreatness afterHenryVIII.'sbreakwith RomehaslesstodowithProtestantismthanhergreatnessbeforeHenryVIII.hadtodowith Catholicism.Thepositionwhich acountryoccupiesintheworld

atanyparticularmomentproves nothingaboutthetruthofthe religionwhichthebulkofitsinhabitantshold.Doyouthink theweirdandtangledcultsof BabylonandEgyptwerebetter .nanthereligionoftheJewsbecausetheEgyptiansandBabysmanswereoncesomuchmore powerfulandprosperousthan Israel?Spainwastit, oa powerfulnationinthesixteenth century,butthatdidnotprove theclaimsoftheCatholic Church.France,too,grewto greatness,asEnglanddid,but ,negreatnessofFranceproves nomoreaboutCatholicismthan thegreatnessofEnglandproves aboutProtestantism.Yourargumentremindsmealittleofthose peoplewhoholdthatCommunismmustberightbecauseRussiasucceededindrivingoutHitler.Apparently,ifHitlerhad wonthewar.asatonetimehe seemedonlytoolikelytodo, thenNazismwouldhavebeen right.Thisargumentfrom worldlysuccess,economicor military',isaboutthemeanestof allarguments,andfair-minded mendespiseit.

FaithandGoodWorks

NecessaryforSalvation

TRUEINTERPRETATIONOFStPAUL'SDOCTRINE "Believer,"Subiaco,writes:

"Pleasetakethetimeand studyRomans."

A.:1havealreadystudiedthe EpistleofSt.PaultotheRomansoveraperiodofseveral years.

Youwrite:

"Aren'twesavedbygraceand faithalonewithoutanyworks onoarpart?"

A.:Italldependsonwhatyou meanbythosewords.Ifyou meanbythemwhatSt.Paul meantandwhatlaterSt.Augustinemeant,youarequiteright. IfyoumeanbythemwhatLutherandCalvinmeant,thenI amafraidyouarequitewrong. Thisisanoldquarrelwhichhas beenfoughtoverthecenturies.

Idon'tthinkithasmuchinterestforordinarymenandwomen to-day,andsoIshallnotdeal withitatanylength.

St.Paulinsiststhatmenare notsavedbythemereexternal observancesoftheoldJewish law,butbyfaith.Faithisa gracegivenbyGodanditcannotbeearnedbyanymeritson :curnart,althoughwecanand mustco-operateinthereception ofthisgrace.St.Paulsays thatwearejustifiedbyfaiththatis,oursinsareforgivenand wearemadefriendsofGodnotbecausebarefaithwithno charityisenough,butbecause faithisthefoundationofall subsequentgraceandmerit.Unless1hadfaith,therecouldbe nosuchthingassorrowforsin, orloveofGod,orgooddeeds doneoutofloveofGod.Thereforefaithisrightlycalledthe rootandoriginofjustification. Andthisfaithis,asIhavesaid, afreegiftofGod'sgoodness. ThatisSt.Paul'steaching,and itistheteachingoftheCatholic Church,too,formulatedinthe decreesoftheCouncilofTrent.

Thusitistrueinonesenseto saythatwearesavedbyfaith andbyGod'sgracewithoutany precedingmeritofours.Butit isnottruethatwearesaved withoutanygoodworksonour part,ifyoumeanthatoncewe havereceivedthegraceoffaith wearesavedwithoutfurther ado.Thisgraceisgivenus,not assomethinginert,butinorder that,byfurtheractsdoneunder

theinfluenceofgrace,wemay beledtothatiscalledthe stateofjustification,inwhich sinsareforgivenandwehave therighttoheaven.Oncewe arejustified,wehavethepower ofmeriting,bysubsequentgood works,anincreaseofgraceand ofhappinessinheaven.

SinceyouappeartoreadSt. Paulasthoughhe.wereMartin Luther,le;mequoteforyouthe wordsofaclosestudentofthe NewTestament,whoishimself aProtestant-HerrFeine.He writes:"Wearesoaccustomed totheProtestantformula,'justificationbyfaithonly,'thatmany ChristiansimaginethatthisformulaexistedalreadyinSt.Paul, andthattheApostlealways thinksoffaithassomethingpassive,asopposedtoworks.This isanerroneousidea."

Youwrite: "IthinkyouwillfindinPaul's EpistletotheEphesiansaft thattheChurchneedsto-day."

A.:ifyoumeanthatthisepistleisarichmineofinformation onthenatureoftheChurchand itsrelationtoChrist,thenI agreeheartily.Inpointoffact, theCatholicChurchhasexploitedthewonderfulresourcesof thisandotherepistlesofSt. Paulinitsrecentpronounce-

CHRIST'SCHURCHISA VISIBLE,EXTERNAL ORGANISATION

Yourlettertouchesonmany points:

Younextwrite:

"AllwhobelieveinJesusChrist astheirSaviourandtheone mediatorbetweenGodand manaretheChurch,andthey arefoundineverydenominationandsect.

A,:Thiswasanotherfavourite ideaofProtestantinnovatorsin thesixteenthcentury.They heldthattherewasoneinvisible Churchcomposedofbelieversor ofthepredestined,knownonly toGod,andhiddenthroughout theworld.ButtheReformers soonfoundthisideainconvenient.IfthetrueChurchisnot avisiblesociety,butacollection ofunknownpeoplefromallover theworld,eachunknowntoeach, thenitfollowsthatnoorganised visiblechlrchhasanyrealauthority.TheLutheransandCalviniststhemselvesdidnotrelish thatconclusion,andtriedto evadeitinvariousways.

ButsurelyitisclearthatOur LordmeanttofoundaChurch whichallmencouldseeandrecognise.Hespeaksaboutthe KingdomofGodasasmallseed thatgrowsintoagreattreein whichthebirdsmaketheirnests. Sothenationswillrecognisethe Kingdom,ortheChurch,and findtheirhomewithinit.But noone.canrecogniseathing whichhecannotsee.Again, OurLordfoundedtheChurchas arealsociety,givingitthe powertoteachwithauthority,to makelawsforitsmembers,and toadministerexternalsacraments.Moreover,Hearranged thatthissocietyshouldtakeits unityfromaheadwhomHeappointed.Allthesethingspoint

(ContinuedonPage8.)

S.BEECROFT,Butcher

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BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains CisternandRoofRepairs.T.V. ModelBathHeatersAvailable.

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UNDERNEWMANAGEMENT

JUNERICHARDSON,lateofMilliganBeautySalon,Perth, hastakenover 'PHONE:L2799. FOORD'SBEAUTYSALON 107HIGHSTREET,FREMANTLE. MissRichardsonwillpersonallyattendtooldandnewclients.

SOUTHERNCROSSACCOUNTANCYCOLLEGE CLASSROOMS:3rd.FLOOR,CHANCERYHOUSE, 3HOWARDSTREET,PERTH.

EVENINGCLASSESforallACCOUNTANCY,COSTACCOUNTANCY,SECRETARIALandBANKERS'INSTITUTEExaminations,andfornonexaminationstudents.Specialclassinnew W.A.Companies'Act. TUITIONFEESreasonable-onterm-to-termbasis-nocontract tosign.

PROPRIETORS:

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GOLDFIELDS' LEADING EMPORIUM

whereyoualwaysget THEBESTOFSERVICE

MEN'SWEAK, SUITS,OVERCOATS,SPORTSCOATS,TROUSERS, UNDERWEAR,HATS,SHOES,Etc

BOYS'CLOTHING

CUSTOMS(IMPORTLICENS-

Goodsfrom"DollarArea"Countries.

Sir,-Recentlyseveralrequests havebeenreceivedfromConvents,etc.,forlicencestoimport goodsfromCanadaandother "dollararea"countries,which hadalreadyarrived.

Inthisconnection,itwouldbe appreciatedifyouwouldadvise thevariousconvents,monasteriesandotherCatholicorganisationsthroughouttheState,that licencesmustbeobtainedbefore placingordersoverseasforgoods subjecttotheCustoms(Import Licensing)Regulations,andthat, owingtotheseriousdollarsituationlicencesarebeingissued onlyforhighlyessentialgoodsof dollarareaoriginwhicharenot obtainablefromsterlingoreasy currencysources.-Yours,etc., F.J.HANSEN.

CollectorofCustoms,W.A.

Sir,-Onceagainyourcorrespondent,Mr.DeGustibus,has contributedaclassicincritiqueof thetheatreinhishumblecontributiontotheRepertoryClub's productionofEstherMcCracken's"QuietWedding."

DuringmyshortstayinPerth IhavefollowedwithgreatinteresttheworkoftheamateurtheatreorganisationsinPerth,and beinginveryclosecontactwith theprofessionalstageinErigland,Icanonlyendorsethework thatisbeingdoneinPerth,especiallybytheRepertoryClub,in maintainingthestandardofactingandproductionwhichisso oftenlackinginmanyprofes,ionalproductions.

Itisunderstoodthattheseproductionscannotreachthefinesse ofsomeprofessionalproductions, butMr.DeGustibuswouldbe wisetospendsometimeeither withorassociatedwithaprofessionalcompanybeforeheuses 'heblatantstatementsofthetheatrethathedoes.

Therearemanyyoungpeople whohaveagreatinterestinthe theatreand)may,wehope,bea greatcontributiontothetheatre fromWesternAustraliaandperhapstoEngland,assomanyhave donebefore,butthiswillonly comeaboutwithgoodconstructivecriticismofthelocalpress, criticismofthecharacter,notthe production.

Thelegitimatetheatre,Ishould alsoliketoremindMr.DeGustibus,doesnotonlyconsistof theclassicsofShakespeare,Sheridan,Quintero,andIbsen"to treadthelightfantasticofclassics,"andasoliloquyneednotbe of"Milton's"Comus."

MrDeGustibushas,may say,averydepravedversionof thedefinitionoftheword"theatre,"whichisquiteobviousin hisveryslatingdenunciationin reviewoftheyear'sworkofthe RepertoryClub,andsomay1 endthisletterwithapleatoMr. neGustibus,andmaybeahint, thatthelaurelsofthelateJames Agatemaynotseemfarwithin thegraspofMr.DeGustibus' eloquentpen,buttheylacka smallthing,orratheroneword, "experience."-Yours,etc.,

PETERST.CLARE-HOBBS

Sir,-Oneofourmembers,now inAustralia,hassenttousa cuttingfromyouresteemedpaper whereinwehavereadanexcellentandtrulyChristianarticle, "ThePolesandtheChildren" (yourissuedatedPerth,Thursday,August14,1947).Wefeel itourdutytothankyoufrom

thebottomofourheartsforthe -entimentsexpressedinthatarticle.Itis,indeed,inspiringto readsuchnoblewordsaboutPoland'ssadplightandtoknowthat inafar-offcountrythereare peoplewhosympathisewithus notonlyinwords,butalsoin deeds.

Therearestillsome50Polish familiesinIndiawhocannotreturntoPoland,forthereasons soaptlydescribedinyourleader. ThesefamiliesaredesirousofgoingtoAustraliaandshould,in ouropinion,makeverygoodsetlers.Thereareamongthem manyskilledworkers,mostly youngandhealthypeople,many youngmarriedcoupleswith babiesandlittlechildren.Afew menhavealreadybeenoffered lobsinAustraliaandarevaaiting forthevisas.

TheInternationalRefugeeOrganisationiswillingtopayand arrangepassagesfortheintendingimmigrantstoAustralia,prosi,ledthattheyobtainthevisas. Cothisendtwomainthingsare needed:-(a)Aguaranteeofac...ornmodationforthefirstsix months'stayinAustralia,and (b)acontractorapromiseof employment.Asregards(b), itmaypleasebeborneinmind thatthePolesherearenotasa ruleverychoosyandwould gladlytakeanyjobswhichmay beofferedtothem.

Weshallbeverygratefulif youcouldtelluswhetherwecan expectsomehelpfromtheCatholicPressandAssociationsin Australiainourendeavoursto getsettledthere.Wehave learnedfromyourpaperthata MigrationandWelfareCommitteehasbeenestablishedinPerth bytheBishops,andweshouldbe happytogetintouchwithit. Hopingtohearfromyousoon.Yours,etc., REV.A.JANKOWSKI, Chairman. Chairman,PolishRefugeeCamp, Kolhapur,India.

Sir,-FrancisGilbert,inthe presentcontroversyonbanking, considersthebulkofthetirade againstprivatebankscanbe foundinsocialcreditpapers, whichistrue.However,todiscusstheirargumentsastootrite toberefutedismerelyasumption withoutproof.Becauseanargumentis'tootrite"or"tooirrefutable,"isittoosimpletobe correct?ButnodoubtFrancis Gilbertcanfurnishthenecessary proofs,ifrequested,forourenlightenment(nottoengageina three-partycontroversywhichis notintended),ofthefalsepremisesonwhichthisbanktirade rests.Taketheissueofcredit. Thesocialcreditorsstatethat bankscreatemoneybyastroke ofthepen,andthateveryissue ofcreditisanewdepositinthe bank.Toquoteapastdirector ofabigEnglishbank:"Itisa mistaketothinkthatbankslend deposits.Everyissueofcredit isanewdepositinthebank." BeforeWorldWarIIbankdepositsinAustraliawere,Ibelieve,about600or700million pounds,andtheamountofcash, gold,silverandnotesabout70 millionsincirculation.Nowif therehadbeena"run"onevery bankinAustraliaonacertain laybyeverybankdepositorwho wishedtodrawhiscashoutof thebank,,siouldeachdtpositor gethismoney?Notlikely Therewouldnotbenearly enoughmoneytogoround;in factthemoney(ormostofit) existsasbankcredit,createdor issuedbythebanks.andifnot bythebankswhoistheirmaker? theirmanufacturer,outofwhat? Admittedlywecannotfunction

withoutasystemofcredit,but shouldnotthatbelongnottoa fewindividualsbuttothenation asawhole?Letthepeoplebe theshareholdersoftheirown bank.If,forevery£25oflegak tenderabankholdsitcanissue £75ofcredittoaclient,thatbans (withagoodsecurityoption)has made£75veryeasily,tooeasily tobemorallyinorder.Thatis whypossiblythebankshave writtenoffthousandsofpounds onsomefarms.whenthefirst ownerhadtomakewayforthe secondpurchaser.Howisitin suchcasesthatthebankscould affordtobesogenerous,forgenerositydoesnotusuallyenter intobanktransactions?Inconclusion,.1haveheardofnoargumentthatdisprovesthestatementofthesocialcreditorsthat banks,bygivingcredit,create newdeposits,andsomakemoney, easymoney.Ihaveheardof nothingtothecontraryadvanced thatlea&metobelieveanything different.Peoplewillsay"no onereallyknowtheintricacies ofWince,youmayormaynot beright,"butthat,inmyopinion,doesnotproveanything- Yours,etc., R.MONTROSE.

Sir,-Afterreadingtheletter of"AnotherOptimist"inyour lastissueof"TheRecord,"l wishtosaythatIthinktheidea offormingaCatholicClubfor Catholicsovertwenty-fiveanexcellentone.Ashasalreadybeen stated,theyoungCatholicpeo- plearewellcateredforsocially bytheNC.G.M.andtheY.C.W., butCatholicsoutsidethatagegroupareabsolutelybereftof anyopportunityofmeetingone anothersocially.Ithinkthe formationofsucha,clubwould receivesolidsupport.-Yours, etc.,

"YETANOTHEROPTIMIST."

Sir,-IfMr.TomBurke,M.H.R, werearegularreaderofyour paper,hewouldnotbeupsetby aminortypographicalerror. (Howisthat"cowofchastity" mentionedinyourcolumnssome monthsago?)However,Iwrite, nottobelabouryour`proof-reader,ifyouhaveone,buttosuggestthatsomecognisancebetakenofHisHolinessthePope's pronouncementonNationalisation.Thisseemsthelogical coursetotakeratherthanto haveMr.Burkeandhisfellow Socialistsusetheopinionsof MonsignorDevineagainstthe anti-Socialists'backingtheircase withtheopinionsofArchdeacon O'Donnell.

InJulylast,accordingtolocal Pressreports,HisHoliness,inaddressingaconferenceofFrench Catholics,saidthatevenwhere nationalisationofindustrywas justified,"thereisariskthatit willaccentuatethemechanical characteroflife,andthebenefit nationalisationbringsisthereforehighlysuspect."HisHolinessinadvocatingacorporative system,attacked"totalitarian pretensionsandomnipotentState ism."-Yours,etc., B.S.H.

GOLDENJUBILEE.

PaststudentsoftheConvent ofMercy,Coolgardie,areremindedthataspecialreunion willbeheldattheC.W.L.Room, NestleHouse,St.George'sTerrace,at8p.m.onTuesday, March23,1948.Meetingiscal!edtocelebratetheoccasionofthe Convent'sGoldenJubilee.For furtherparticularsringMrs.H. M.Lyons,B4254.

LANDANDESTATEAGENT

ST.PATRICKLionandDove

TheSonofaSlave.

St.PatrickwasaGallo-Roman. Byhismother,Concessa,hewas closelyrelatedtoSt.Martin, BishopofTours,whosedisciple hewasafterwardstobecome. Hisfather,Calphurnius,wasa Romanofficerofgoodfamily.It seemsafairlyestablishedfact thatConcessahadbeeninher youth,ashersonwasafterwards,carriedintoslavery,and thatitwasfromthisstatethat Calphurnius,wonbyherbeauty andvirtue,rescuedhertomake herhiswife.Soitwasbyone whohadbeenaslave,andthe sonofaslave,thattheGospel waspreachedtoapeoplewho wereformanyacenturyto knostithesorrowsofservitude. ThedateofPatrick'sbirthwas 372,theplaceofhisbirthis stilluncertain.

AMiracleatHisBaptism.

Traditionholdsthatamiracle signalisedthechild'sbaptism. Theministerofthesacrament wasanoldblindpriestwho, failingtofindwater,tooktheinfant'shandandtracedthesign ofthecrossupontheground.A springofwateratonceburstup, inwhichthebabewasbaptised. Theoldpriestbathedhisblind eyesinthewater,andtheywere madetosee.

ThechildwaschristenedSuecat.PatriciusorPatrick,the namesodearto-daytomillions, wasthegiftofthePope,andthe Sainthadreachedtheageof60 beforehereceiveditfromPope Celestine,ontheoccasionwhen hewassenttopreachtheGospelinIreland.

ASlaye.

Patrickwassixteenyearsof agewhenhewascarriedinto captivity.Hewastakenfrom hisfather'shomeonthecoast ofCumberland.Hiscaptors sailedaroundIrelandandsold himtoMilcho,achieftaininthe NorthofIreland.

Thewordsofhisautobiography,the"Confession,"givesimplyandlgraphicallyapictureof theyoungcaptive'slife:

"AfterIhadcometoIreland Iwasdailytendingsheep,and manytimesinthedayIprayed sodmoreandmoretheloveof God,andHisfaithandfear, grew+inme,andmyspiritwas stirred;sothatinasingledayI havesaidasmanyasahundred prayers,andinthenightnearly thesame;sothatIremainedin thewoodsanduponthemountains,andbeforethedawnIwas calledtopraybythesnow,tilt ice,andtherain,andIdidnot sufferfromthem,norwasthere anyslothinmeasIseenow, becausethenthespiritwas burningwithinme."

TheAngelVictor.

Suchgenerousprayerand penancehaditsownreward fromHim,whoneversuffers Himselftobeoutdoneingenerosity.Godsentanangel,Victorbyname,downtothelonely slaveboyonMt.Slemish,in Antrim,togivehimthestrength andcomfortthathecouldno longerdrawfrompriestinsaccatment,andtoshowhimin visionthefuturegloryofthe IrishChurch.Thisangel,Victor,wouldbehiscloseassociate throughoutalonglifeof120 years,andathisdeathhewas theretocomfortandsustain.

ReleaseFromSlavery.

MonasticSchooling.

StMartin,akinsman,was BishopofTours,anduntohis monastichomeatMarmoutier, bytheriverLoire,Patrickwas welcomed.Inthatquiethome ofpeacefulausterity,Patrick drankdeepofthatmonastic spiritwhichwasafterwardsto bepouredforthinfullestabundanceupontheislandinthe West.HeretheSaintvoweda life-longabstinencefromflesh meat,butthatdidnotlessenthe vigourofanactivelifetothe ripeoldageof120. InhishutatMarmoutierPatricksawinvisiontheangelVictor,hiscompanionduringhis slaveryintheNorthofIreland. CommentingonVictor'smessage,St.Patricksaysinhis "Confession": "AndIreadthecommencementoftheepistlecontaining theVoiceoftheIrish.Andas Ireadaloudthebeginningof theletter,IthoughtIheardin mymindthevoiceofthosewho werenearthewoodofFoclut, whichisnearthewesternsea. Andtheycriedout:Weentreat thee,holyyouth,tocomeand wallsstillamongstus.Andmy heartwasgreatlytouched,so thatIcouldnotreadanymore." ThusdoublycalledbyGod andbyman,St.Patricksethimselftothethirtyyears'preparationforhismissiontotheIrish.

OntheHolyIsleofLerins. TherecordsofPatrick'slifeas astudent,monkandpriestare scanty.Onthedeathofhis kinsman,St.Martin,hebecame apupilofSt.Germanus,Bishop ofAuxerre.ThentothefamousmonasteryofLerins,near thepresenttownofCannes,on

TheIrishmenofWicklow wouldnothearhim.Theyhad drivenawaythefirstmissionary,Palladius,thesecond shouldgoalso.SotheSaint sailedoutagainandlandedalittletothesouthoftheBoynein fertileMeath.Hereaboycame totheSaintwhileheslept.He wastouchedatthesightofthe Saintsleeping,andplucking bandfullsofwildflowers,he

ing,itwillneverbeputout." Summonedtotheroyalpresencetoanswerforhisact,Patrickadvancedwithhislittle hand,chanting,ashehadlearnt tochantinLerinsandinRome, thelitaniesofEaster.The kingreceivedhimwithcoldness, forhadhenotbrokenthelaws ofErin?Onebard,withinstinctivereverence,roseathis approachandreceived,inreward,thegiftoffaith.

ContestWithDruids.

Totheassembledcourt,as theysat,"withtherimsoftheir shieldsagairrsttheirchins," Patrickdeclaredhismission. TheDruidssawthatthehour hadcomewhenthey'mustconquerorforeverdisappear.The powersofevilwereathandto helpthem.Andthen,andthere, inthesightofKingandcourt andpeople,Patrick,inthe mightofGod,wroughtsuch WondersasDruidsneverdreamedof.NextdayPatrickreturnedboldly,thSughheknew theywerereadytokillhim.All daythecontestwent,whatever marvelstheDruidswrought, Patrickwentonebetter.The finaltestcame,TheboyBenignus,clothedinaDruid'srobe, wasplacedondryfaggots,and aDruidinPatrick'scloakon wet,greenfaggots,thenfirewas settoboth.TheflamestouchednottheChristianboy,only theDruid'srobeheworewas consumed,whiletheDruidon thegreel,wetfaggotswasreducedtoashes,amidwhichlay, unscorched,thecloakofPatrick.AtthistheHighKing -rantedPatrickpermissionto preachhismissionthroughout theland.

RadioAddressbyRt.Rev.J.T.McMahon

theMediterraneanSea.This islandmonasticschoolbecamea nurseryofsaints,andheartsdetachedfromallelseonearth clungfondlytothathappyspot atLerins,PatrickwouldalwayscherishtheisleofLerins assecondonlytotheGreenIsle oftheWest.

FromLerinsPatrickWentto Rometostudyinthecollegeof theLateran.Andsotheyears wentonPatrickisstillyoung inheart,stillpreparingforhis life-work,thoughheisapproachinghissixtiethyear.St. Germanus,senttopreachinBritain,callsPatricktoassisthim. Thereislittlemorethanthe merefactrecorded.Butslimlyitisamostinterestingone, thatBritain,whichwastoreceivesomuchfromtheIrish monksandschools,shouldhave beenthefieldofthefirstmissionarylaboursoftheApostle oftheIrish.

AStudentatRome.

FromBritainPatrickwentto Rome,wherehewasorderedto joinPalladiusinhismissionto preachtheGospeltotheIrish. Andnowthehopeoflongyears istoberealised.Thecallof theIrishchildrenistobeansweredatlast,Patrickreceived fromPopeCelestinethecommissiontopreachthewordofGod inEire.

strewedthemoverthesleeper.

OntheSaintawakeninghe greetedtheboywithwordsof prophecy:"Hewillbetheheir ofmyKingdom,"saidtheSaint, andtheprophecywasfulfilled yearslater,Beniganus,asthe boywascalled,succeededhis masterasBishopofArmagh.

Againsailingnorthwards,PatricklandedatStrangfordLough, inDown.Therehemiraculouslystayedthearmofthefierce Dichu,whowouldhaveslain him,andasmiraculouslysoftenedhisheart,andopenedhis mindtotheloveandlightof Christianity.Dichuwasthe firstofPatrick'sconverts,the firsttosuccumbtothatpowerof miraclewhichwas,bytheProvidenceofGod,topreparethe wayinIrelandfortheGospelof Peace.

Forsixyearshiscaptivityleafed,andthenthevoiceofVictorbadehimtoescapeandundercoverofdarknesstowalk south.Inhis"Confess:on"'he tellsusthathehearddistinctly avoicesaying:"Behold,the shipisready."Andtheplace wasnotnear,about200miles away,andIhadneverbeenthere before,nordidIknowanyone wholivedthere.

HavingfoundhisshiphesailedforGaul.HeleftIrelandas afugitivetoreturnaconqueror. Forthelongtermofthirtyeightyearshewouldprepare -himselfforthatmisionofconquest.

Hurryingtowardshis"Isleof Destiny,"hisInnisfail,hehears ofthedeathofPalladius.He turnsbacktobemadeaBishop, andhewasconsecratedatEboria,inNorthernItaly.TraditionholdsthatthePopewas present53,ttheceremony;togetherwiththeChristianEmperor,Theodosius.Itwasthe year432,andPatrickwas60.

LandsinIreland.

ThemissionofPalladius,short asitwas,waslongenoughto bepronouncedafailure.And now,whenPatrick,afterhis longyearsoftraining,stepped againonIrishsoil,itseemedas thoughhe,too,wouldfail.He hadgoneashoreatthelovely spotwhere,flowingfromthe woodedWicklowMountains,the RiverDarglebreaksthecoastlineofBoray.Nearthatspot ThomasMoorewouldwritehis songof''TheMeetingofthe Waters."

FromDownagainhesailed north.Thehillsandvalesof Antrim,thesceneofhissufferingsandprayers,whereclose onhalfacenturybefore,hehad foldedhisflocksuponthe heightofSlemish-thesehe mustsee.Traditiontellsus thattheagedMilcho,Patrick's formermasterandowner,perishedmiserablybyhisown handsbeforetheSaintcould reachhim.Hischildren,however, becameChristians.Thehistorian naturallylingersoverthese dimrecords-thefirstglimmeringsofthedawnwhichwas soontobreakwithsuchdazzling radianceoverthewholeisland,

PatrickatTara.

Easter,433,foundPatrickcon fidentofsuccessinhismission.

KingLaeghaire,theHighKing ofErin,wasabouttoholdhis solemnspringfestivalatTara. Princesandpriests,professors andpoets,bardsandBhehons, weregatheredroundhim.The sacredfirethathewouldlight shouldbethefirstinalltheland topiercethegloom.ButPatrick,notknowing,andnotcaring,ashisbiographysays,lightedhighuponthehillofSlave, overagainstthehillofTara, theEasterfire,foritwasHoly Saturday.Theangrykingsaw itandstormedagainsttheoffender.

ButtheDruidssaid:"Ifthat fireisnotputoutbeforemorn

HisDeath. AtSaul,byshoresofStrangfordLough,wherehehadlanded sixtyyearsbefore,St.Patrick died.Fullofyears,likethe prophetsofold,withtheprayers andblessingsofapeopleRtIOM hehadsooftenprayedforand blessed;inalandwhichhehad foundindarkness,andwhichhe lefttobeamongthebrightest jewelsoftheChurch,theold manlaydowntodie.Borneon thecoldMarchwindsthewatchersheardsoundsofangelicvoices-thefinalnotesofthat chorusofpraisewhichshould lastinErinaslongasthe wavesshouldbreakonthe shoreofStrangfordLough.

Itwasonthe17th.March, 493-thedaywehonourinthis youngnationwhichwasnot dreamedaboutthen,Victor, theangelwhocomfortedhimas aslaveboyonSlemishMountain,themessengerwhoappearedtohiminFrance,biddinghim returntowalkoncemoreamong theIrishpeople,hewashere nowfaithfultotheend,waiting toaccompanythesoulofPatrick onitslastjournew,ajourney easilymadefortheroadofa saint.Yourlabourtorestis veryshort.

HisPersonality.

HisFruitfulApostialate. Throughoutthefourprovinces ofIrelandPatrickpreached, andwithoutthesheddingofa dropofblood,theIrishfromsea toseaembracedtheFaith. Everywheremonasticschools andchurchesarose.Hiswas thevictoryofconfident,perseveringprayer,andthatgreatlesson,farmorethanthemiracles thataccompaniedit,hasthrough theagesfixedtheeyesofChristiansonCroaghPatrick,where Patrickspentthewholesixweeks ofLentinconstantprayerand rigorousfast.Thereonthe summitofthatMountainofthe CaglesPatrickwouldnotbreak hisfast,norceasehisprayer untilGodpromisedtogiveunto hishandsuponthelastdaythe fateoftheIrishrace.ThechildrenofPatrickweretocarry thelightofFaiththroughout Europe,andinlongcenturiesto come,totheunknownlandsthat laybeyondtheWesternsea.And thatLentenfastandprayerof Patrickonthatmountainlaid thefoundationoftheCatholic ChurchinAustralia.

Lookingbackoverthesefifteencenturies,timehasdimmed muchbutthepersonalityofPatrick,towhomtheeyesand heartsoftheIrishhaveever fondlyturned,standsoutclear anddistinct.Abouttheplace ofhisbirththereisstillques- tion,buttherecanbenoques- tionaboutthepersonwhomwe seeandlove.Heisstrong'md tender;strong,terriblystrong, againstwrong-doers,andabove all,asafatheris,againstthose whowouldhischildrenwrong. Heistender,too,tendertothe dwellersinthatlandwhichhe firsttrodasanapostle-theland ofBritain,butabovealltender tohisowinwhocallhimfather. whocherishhistraditionsand clinglovinglytothelandwhich hemadeintoanIslandofSaints, andwhichthroughmuchsorrow,hehaskeptfaithfuluntil now.

TheLoveofHisChildren.

Thealmostfiercedevotionof hischildrentohimseemsto sharethattwofoldcharacterof strengthandtendernesswhich madeSt.Evincallhimalion andadove,"Gentle,humble, mercifultothesonsoflife;dark, ungentletowardsthesonsof death."

Maythatloveremain,strong andtender,untilthedayon which,accordingtothepromise onCroagh-Patrick,Patrickwill counthisflockontherighthand oftheJudge.

"Thusthere,"saiththeLord, "solongassea Girdeththisisle,solongthy nameshallhang Insplendouro'eritlikethestars ofGod."

.theCatholicAnswer

totheChurchassomethingvisible,likethatcitysetonahill whichcannotbehidden,referred toelsewherebyOurLord.

NotmerelyistheChurchsomethingvisible,somethinghaving anexternalorganisationand;,,,vernment,butitincludesa1sorts ofmenwithinitself.TheChurch onearthisnotacollectioaof thesaintlyandpiousalone;it includ'e:sinnersofallkindssinnerswthoarenotfinallylost totheChurchunlesstheydiein theirsin.OurLordtoldusthat HisKingdomwouldincludecockleaswellaswheat,andthat theywouldgrowtogetheruntil thetimecameforjudgment.

Youwrite:

"TheLordknoweththemthat areHis,andwhenthetime tomesHewillseparaiethe sheepfromthegoats."

A.:Thisistrue,butno..anis agoat,intheScripturalsense, untilhediesandisfixedinthat evilstateofwillwhichhehas freelychosenforhimself.In themeantimetheChurchon earthhashospitalityforthesinner,andhopesthathewillmake useofthemeanssoeasilywithinghisreachtoturnfromsin andmakehispeacewithGod. Manyamanwhoseemstousto sportafinedisplayofgoat'shair inthislifemayyetbefoundat theJudgmentamongthebetter fleecesontheotherside.

Youwrite:

"Mayyoubeoneofthesheep inthatday."

A.:Thankyouforyourkind wishes.InallsincerityIwish youthesame.

LEGENDOFCONFESSIONAL PAYMENTS

"NotaDeceivedRomanist," SouthPerth,writes:

"WhatScripturalauthority haveyoufortheextortionof moneyfromthosewhocometo yourrepresentativesforconfessionandforgivenessofsin?"

A.:Wehavenoauthorityat all,Scripturalorotherwise;but thenwedon'tdoit,either.You/ questionissomethinglikethe famouscatch-question:"Have youleftoffbeatingyourwife yet?"AYesorNowouldbe equallyincriminating;theonly answeristhatthesuppositionin thequestionisallwrong. You sayinreply:"Butlookhere,1 don'tbeatmywife,soIcan't verywellleaveoffdoingit."

SimilarlyCatholicpriestscan't findScripturalauthorityfora crimetheydon'tcommit.Any Catholicwilltell,youthatthe priestwoulddieofshuckifa penitentofferedhimmoneyfor theforgivenessofsins.Ifancy thatapenitentwhoevenmentionedmoneyinsuchaconnectionwouldfindhimselfleaving theconfessionalrathermore quicklythanhecamein.

Tobequitefrank,Iantutterly atalosstounderstandthementalitywhichpromptsaquestion likethis.Youhaveapparently heardofsomehoaryoldlegend thatoughttohavebeengivena decentburialcenturiesago,and withoutmakinganyenquiriesyou havebeenwillingtobelievethe worst.Youmustknowdozens ofCatholics.Diditeveroccur toyoutoasksomeofthem whethertheydidpayanyMoney whentheywenttoconfession?

Personally,Ishouldbeashamed tobelieveofaHottentotwitchdoctororthesorcererofacannibaltribesomeofthestorieswhich ahandfulofprejudicedpeoplein thiscountrybelievewithouta -moment'shesitationaboutCatholicpriests. ,P4.0.414/.0.11.0.00.4.041,1,P00.00.41NNW..

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Keast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

(ContinuedfromPage5.)

GODFORGIVESSINTHROUGH MEN

Youwrite:

"IsnotourHeasenlyFather theonlyonewhocanforgive sin?"

AYes,Godistheonlyone whocanforgivesin.Butthen Godcouldforgivesineitherwith )rwithouthumanagentsorinstruments,justasHepleases.In pointoffact,weknowthatJesus Christ,WhoisGod,decidedthat sinsshouldbeforgiven,inHis name,intheSacramentofPenance,throughtheministryof ahumanpriest.Idealtwith thismattergfewweeksago. AllIcandonowistoreferyou totheGospelofSt.John,Ch. 20,v23,andaskyoutoponder thewords:"Whosesinsyoushall forgive,theyareforgiventhem; whosesinsyoushallretain,they areretained."Ifyoubelieve intheNewTestamentatall, youmustrealistthatOurLord isheregivingtomeremen,His Apostles,thepowertoforgive sins.Thatpowerremainsin heChurchpermanently.But, ofcourse,itisnotapowerwhich anymanpossessesashisown; sinisforgivenbyGod,through theministryofapriestwhoacts inGod'sname,subordinateto andwithjurisdictionfrom Him.

FALSEPRESUPPOSITIONOF GUILT

Youwrite:

"Howcanyouoverlookthe factthattheGospelofJesus Christisfreetoallthosewho trulybelieveinHim?"

A.:Iseeyouhavereturnedto yourfavouritekindofquestion inwhichyoupresupposethe

guiltofthepersonwhomyou address.IfIweretosayto youinacoaxing,confidential voice:"Look,oldman,hasn't anybodytoldyouthatrobbinga bankisnotlookeduponasquite therightthinginPerth?And perhapsyouhaven'tnoticedthat weareonthewholeinclinedto frownongraft,arson,blackmail, andallthatkindofthing." I say,ifIcameoutwiththis,you mightbeeitheramusedorresentful.

InthesamewilyaCatholic mightbeamusedor,ifhissense of"humourwerenotveryrobust, mightbealittleresentful,ifyou tellhimthatreallytheCatholic Churchoughtn'ttobesellingthe thingsofGodforbaselucre.

Ofcourse,noCatholicpriest couldreallysellspiritualthings -theSacraments,forinstancewithoutcommittingagravesin whichgoesbythenameofsimony.Youmaypossiblyhave heardofacertainSimonMagus, intheActsoftheApostles,who offeredSt.Petermoneyforcertainspiritualgifts,andwastold: "Thymoneygowiththeetoperdition."(Acts,8,20.)Thatis theattitudeoftheCatholic Churchstill.

Itisjustpossible,however, thatyouhavesomevagueobjectioninyourmindaboutthe toreofmoneyatallinconnectionwithreligion.Ifyoureallythinkthatpriestsandothers whogivetheirlivestoministeringtothereligiousneedsofthe Catholicpeopleoughtnottobe supportedbythosewhomthey serve,orthatchurchesand schoolsoughtnottobebuilt thenperhapsyoumightbeconsistentinyourideas,butIthink thoseideaswouldbegenerally consideredunreasonable

OddMethods.ofAcquiring Wealth

POVERTY-ACOUNSELOFPERFECTION

Youwrite: "Overthecenturiesthepolicy ofyourChurchseemstohave beentheamassingofwealth.

Howdoyoureconcilethatwith OurLord'sinstructiontothe richyoungrulerandallwho wouldheHisfollowers,''tosell allthatthouhast,givetothe poor,andfollowMe?"

A.:Ithinkthatanybodyasquaintedwithrealhistoryand notmerelywithlegendandhearsaywillagreethattheCatholic Churchhashadanoblerpolicy thanthatofmerelyacquiring wealth.Doyouthinkthatmissionariestoilto-dayamongthe junglesoftheCongobasinor outonlonelyislandsofthe NorthamongtheEskimos,just asinformercenturiesmissionariestoiledinBrazilorParaguaS',orJapan,simplyinorder toamasswealth?Ifso,allone cansayisthattheyadoptthe mostunpromisingmeans.In pointoffact,the.Churchexists foronepurposeonly,andhas onepolicyonly-thatis,to spread'theteachingofChrist throughtheworld.'Forthat purposeCatholicpriestsandre ligiousgivetheirlives,andCatholiclayfolkhelptheminevery waytheycan.

Iamafraidthosewordsof OurLordtotherichyoungman willnotservetovindicateyour criticism.Youmustremember that,whenyouputsuchtexts tousesforwhichtheywereneverintended,youmayeasilyfind yourselfhurtbyyourownweapons.Ifyouarepreparedto taxCatholicswithnotfollowing ChristbecausetheydonotBell whattheyhaveandgivetothe poor,theninallhonestyyou oughttoaskyourselfhowlyou stand.Haveyousoldallyou haveandgiventothepoor?If youhave,wellandgood:youare atleastconsistent.Butifyou havenot,whatthen?Doyou admitthatyouarenofollower ofChrist?

ButIsupposethataslongas thereisapublicwhichwillansweradvertisementsforquack medicinesorconsultfortunetellersandastrologers,therewill alwaysbeonewhichrelishessensationalscandalabouttheCatholicChurch,howeverdubious oreven'downrightridiculousthe allegationsmaybe.Itisnotonly thepoorwhomwehavealways withus.

Whileonthismatterofscurrilousjournalism,Iamgladtobe abletoquotearecentpronouncementsbyfourProtestantchurchleadersinSouthAustralia,which showshowenlightenedChristian gentlemenviewtherecentoutbreaks.Thepronouncementtakes theformofapublishedletterto theCatholicArchbishopofAdelaide,andissignedbytheAnglicanArchbishop,thePresidentof theMethodistConference,the PresidentoftheCongregational Union,andthePresidentGeneral oftheCongregationalChurchof Australia.Itreads:

'DearArchbishop,"Therehasbeeninrecentyears anincreasingspiritofmutual friendlinessandconfidencebetweenallthevariousChristian bodiesinSouthAustralia,particularlybetweentheirleaders. Thereare,ofcourse,mattersof principleonwhichweholddeep anddifferingconvictions,notto belightlysetasideoreasily'reconciled.ButourmutualrespectandtrustasfellowChristianshasdeepenedandincreased,andhasmadepossiblemany instancesofunitedactionforthe goodofthecommunity.

"Inthesecircumstanceswe shouldnaturallystronglydeprecateanystirringupofasectarianspirit.Nocause,,however good,notruthhoweversacred,is effectivelyadvancedbythefomentingofbitternessandhatred. Wehavenosympathywithany suchattacksashavebeenmade here,forexample,inrecent monthsonourfellowChristians oftheRomanCatholicChurch, whether_bytheorganisingof publicmeetings,thecirculation ofscurrilousliterature,orother means.

"Suchmethods,inouropinion, dogravedisservicetothespirit ofChristiancourtesy,charity, andgood-will,whichwedesireto foster.Wewhosendthisletter asrepresentativeheadsofChristiancommunionsvaluevery greatlythatspiritandtheincreasingpossibilitiesofco-operationwhicharisefromit.We aresurethatallChristianpeopleshareourdesirethatthis happyrelationshipshouldcontinueandincrease."

Thatletterspeaksforitself. WeCatholicshavefeltallalong thatresponsibleandfair-minded Protestantshadnosympathy withtheaimsandmethodsofthe sectariangutter-press,andwe aregladtohavethisconfirmationfromthosebestqualifiedto giveit.ProtestantsandCatholics ofgoodsenseandgoodwillinstinctivelydrawtogetherinfeelingsoffellowshipandmutualregardwhenevertheirsenseofdecencyisoffendedbyexhibitions ofignoranceandreligiousfanaticism,fromwhateverquarter theycome. W.

BRANCH StonehamStreet, OsbornePark. ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFELECTRICALWORK. BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO.

B9681

But,ofcourse,youhavebeen doingviolencetoOurLord's words.Christsaidtotherich youngman:"Ifthouweltbeper- fect,go,sellwhatthouhast,and givetothepoor,andcome,followMe."Hewasinvitingthis youngmantoastateoflifein whichitwouldbeeasierforhim toaimconstantlyatperfection. Unlessyourealisethatthiswas aninvitation,notacommand, thenyoumakenonsenseofOur Lord'smission.Thelifeofvoluntarypovertyisproposedfor hosewhowishtofollowChrist in.aspecialway;itiscertainly notnecessaryforsalvation.And, -ofarfromneglectingthisinvitationofChrist,theCatholic Churchisableto'lookwith prideonthenumerousreligiousOrdersinitsmidst, all of whose members freelybindthemselvestoalife ofpovertyinwhichtheywill ownnothingoftheirowes.

Yourletterteemswithallsorts ofobjections. OneatleastI shallhavetoholdovertillnext week.Inthemeantime,letus seewhatistroublingyouabout arecentbroadcastofmine.

WHATFOURPROTESTANT LEADERSTHINKOF SECTARIANISM

Youwrite: "Youansweredaquestionconcerningthebanningof'The Rock,'apaperwhoseoneaim istoexposeRomanCatholicismforwhatitis,andyou termedita'ridiculousrag.' Thetruthhurts.doesn'tit?"

A.:No.thetruthneverhurts. Idon'tthinkCatholicsaremuch hurt,either,bythepaperyou mention.Mostofthemregardit withanairoftolerantamusementmingledwithacertainimpatienceatthecredulityofthe publicwhichbattensonsuchfare

THEDIARYOFACATHOLICMERCHANTSEAMAN

By^GROUCHO."

GrimandGloriousAssociations oftheTowerofLondon

London'sLoveofGoodMusic

Monday,October6:

Averyfoggymorning.Ihad lunchwithayoungFinn,afriend ofTorgs.Heisaphilosophy student.Laterwewentbytube toHammersmith,andthenby bustoRichmond(passingthe lovelyKewGardensenroute)to seearemarkablybrilliantFrench film,"LesEnfantsduParadis." Astorydealingwiththecrowdedlivesofstagefolkin1840 Parisitsustainedone'sinterest throughouteverymomentofIts longscreeningtime.Returning toLondon,webrokethejourney atHammersmithtoseeafine productionofPuccini's"LaBoheme,"bytheCarlRosaOpera Company.NormanAIMalmoststoletheshow.Thereis nodoubtingthepopularityof Operainthiscountry.The theatresarepackedandthere areasmanymenintheaudience aswomen.Theyoungergenerationcertainlyappreciatethese worksandtheyknowtheirScar-

H.C.PRIOR FUNERALDIRECTOR ALBANY(Estsblished1921) PrivateMortuary,MotorVehicles ChargesModerate Phone215 Albany,Mi.Barker,Deninc.:k andDistricts

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGhT-TESTIN,OPTICIAN 12ATWELLARCADE FREMANTLE-L1582

IFORCHEAPERGROCERIES

J.NEILSON OPTICIAN

S.DANNEL,F.S.M.C.(London) W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST TelB2011 IGPLAZAARCADE,PERTH

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802EAYSTREET

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingB5841andB5236

M1158-Telephones-L1480

MEAD,SON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE

pias,Figaros,Pinkertons,Gildas, andZerlinaslikemostofus knowourfilmfavourites.

Tuesday,October7:

Thismorning'ssunariaswelcomeafterthefogofthelast twodays. Ileftearlyforthe city,mychiefobjectivebeing theTowerofLondon. Before inspectingthisIpaidavisitto nearbyTowerHill,asmallarea, probablyasrichinassociations withthefamousandinfamous inthecolourfulpageantofEnglishHistoryasanyareainthe land.Idiscoveredthestone slabwhichindicatedwherethe scaffoldhadbeenerectedfor publicexecutions,andasIstood onthespotwheresomanyhad gonetomeettheirMaker-includingourownSaint,thelovable,wittyandgallantSir ThomasMore(1585)-andgazedatanuninterruptedviewof thebrownishThames,flowing lazilypasttheTower,Irealised Iwaslookingatunchangedsurroundingswhichhadbeenthe finalpicturetotheeyesofseveralwhohadtakentheirlastdeparturehereforeternity.

ThentotheTowerofLondon. ThiswasfirstbuiltbyWilliam theConqueror,forthepurposeof protectingandcontrollingthecity.Whenfirstplanned,itlay withintheRomancitywalls,butlaterenlargementduringthe twelfthcenturycarrieditsboundarieseastwardbeyondthewalls Partofthebuildingisnowin theCityofLondon,andpartoutsidetheCity.Itstandsonthe samegroundthattheRomans chosefortheirfortress.Itis soonapparentthatthespotwas wellchosen(inthosedays),as tguardstheriverapproachto 'hecity'andnonecouldpassit anchallenged.Inthepastthe Towerhasbeenafortress-it stilllooksratherformidable!apalace,andaprison,andhas housedtheRoyalMint,thePublicRecords,and,forashorttime, heRoyalObservatory.Itwas forcenturiesthearsenalfor smallarms,andisstillgarrisoned.

Soonafterenteringonemore urlesshadtojoinasmallparty underaguide,aYeomanWarder, wearingthecustomarypicturesqueTudoruniform.Abrief walkbroughtustoTraitor's Gate,awidegatewayunderSt. Thomas'sTower.Thisgate wasusedasanentrancetothe TowerfromtheThames.Here prisonersafteratrialatWestminsterwerebroughtthrough. Afewwhopassedthroughhere toprisonorthescaffoldwiere St.ThomasMore,AnneBoleyn, Cromwell,KatharineHowardand LadyJaneGrey.AfterinspectingtheArmouriesandseeingmanysetsofarmourusedby HenryVIII-heevidentlyhadas manyarmoursasamours-Ihad alookattheChapelofSt.John. Thiswasbuiltin1080,andinadditiontobeingtheoldestchurch inLondon,itisconsideredtobe oneofthemostperfectexamples ofNormanchurcharchitecture inthecountry.Itslackofornamentationandseveresimplicitywasinkeepingwithitsgrim setting.Itwasinthislittle chapelthatLadyJaneGreyand mostlikelymanyothersprayed

ontheeveofexecution,andhere theunhappyMaryQueenof Scotswasbetrothedbyproxyto PhilipofSpain.TheKnightsof theBathalsokepttheirall-night vigilherepriortotheirinstallation.(NowadaysIthinkthey haveabeanoattheDorchester instead.)OveraquaintfireplaceintheBeauchampTowerI noticedthistouchinginscription inLatin:"ThemoresufferingforChristinthisworldthe moreglorywithChristinthe next."Thiswassigned"Armdel,June22,1587."Anxiousto fmdoutmoreaboutthis,Ilesint fromaguidebookthatArundel vistasasonoftheDukeofNorfolk,beheadedin1672.Hewas 'astaunchRomanCatholic,and wascommittedtotheTowerin 1585,anddiedincustodyten yearslater,havingrefusedreleaseonconditionofforsaking hisreligion."

BeforeIlefttheTowerIpaid avisittothedungeonswhereinspiteoftheromantictalesof prisonersbeingdrownedathigh tide-Ilearntthatthebasement ismorethan10feetabovehigh- watermark!theRoyalChapelof StPeteradVincula,sonamed becauseitwasconsecratedon thefirstofAugust,inthereign ofHenryI.;sawthewindowin theYeomanGoalers'houseat whichLadyJaneGrey,theunhappy"tendays'Queen",tood astheheadlessbodyofheryoung husbandwasbroughtpast"in

it..waytothe Chapel,whileonthegreenhuta fewyardsawayfromhergaze thescaffoldwasbeingprepared forherownexecutiontotake placelaterintheday,and(cf course)Iwalkedalongthe BloodyTower.HereIsawthe tinyroominwhichthetwo youngPrinceshadsleptbefore theirmurderin1483,andthe roominwhichSirWalter Raleighwasconfinedforover twelveyearsduringwhichtime inwrotehisfamousliistsryof theWorld.

TothestudentofBritis'nHistorythereisaLead&amount tobeseen(andrelearnt!)again intheTowerofLondon.Ihave hardlydweltonthematterin thesefewlines.Thesubjectis toobig.AsIpassedfromthis grimstorehouseofEnglai4s turbulenthistoryIwasfeelinga littledepresseduntilIfoundmyselfchucklingagainoveran anecdotetoldbytheguide.It wasthis:Onehotdaytherewere tremendouscrowdsofsightseers visitingtheTower.Asomewhatflusteredandveryfatigued guide,insteadofbeingrelieved attheusualtime,wasorderedto standguardnearoneofthe towers.Herethesunwasbeatingdownfiercely.Ashewas b.slingover(inadoublesense), adearoldladycameuptohim andasked:"Guide,willyou pleasetellmewhichistheBloody Tower?"Asheswunghisarms madlyintheairheshrieked, 'Allofit,Madam,allofit!"

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK

Crscifixionvvi,soneofthe' mostsavagelycruelformsofexecutionknowntoman.

Thevictimwasslowlytortured todeath.

ToHisimmeasurablyexcruciatingagonywasaddedthemost completelyhumiliatingdegradationtowhichanyhumanbeing couldbesubjected.Beforethose whocompassedandthosewho witnessedhisexecution,his statecouldnotbelowlier.

Theobjectsofthisformof executionweretotorture,tohumiliate,andtokill.

Themotiveactuatingundertakingstotheseendswerehatred, malice,envy,revengeandjealousy:allcompleteinversionsof thenoblevirtuesoflove,charity, forbearance,kindnessandgoodwill.

Theseevilmotivesarecharacterisedbyamostimpellingurgencyofpurpose,whichinits turndemandspromptitudeand profkciency.Undersuchconditionsitwouldbeexpectedthat theexecutionerswereskilledand proficientindividualswhoperformedtheirdutiesswiftlyand thoroughly.

THENAILS.

ThroughtheWrists.

Ifanyprocedurepromiseda greaterdegreeofsufferingfor thevictim,then,undoubtedly,it wouldhavebeenadopted.There wasonesuchprocedure,namely, increaseoftension.

Thiscouldeasilybeobtained bydrawingthearmsofthevictimoutwardstowardsthehorizontalpositionbeforethenails wereappliedandthecrosswas raisedtoaverticalposition.

Therewouldbelimitstothis extensionasotherwisetension wouldrisesorapidlythatthe arms,oratleastonearm,would betornfromthebody.Thereis nosoundreasonfordoubting thatthisdidactuallyhappenon occasions,butitwoulddefeat someoftheobjectsofcrucifixion, asthevictimwoulddieinavery shorttime.

DIED

AMedicalReportonthe CrucifixionofOurLord

Conversely,itmaybesaid,the lesstensionandviolenceemployedthelongerwouldthevictim lingerbeforedeathclosedthe scene.

Thenailsholdingthehands musthavebeendriventhrough thewrist,eitherthroughthe spacebetweenthedistalendsof thetwobonesoftheforearm,or throughthesmallcarpalbones ofthehand,atorjustbeyondthe lowestskincreaseofthewrist.

Herethetoughfibroustissues aremoreabundant,runmore transversely,andarebettersuitedtoholdingthenail,which wouldnotbesolikelytotearits

RAISEDARMS. ViolentInjuries.

Undoubtedlythenailswere providedwithaheadorexpandedportiontopreventthepierced handorfootfromslippingoff. Theheadcouldeasilyandadvantageouslybelarge,orenlongatedlikethecrossstrokeofthe letterT.Theundersurfaceof theheadcouldfurtherbeprovidedwithshortspikesorteeth projectingdownwards.

Whenthenailwasdrixenwell home,thiscrosspieceheadwould haveaveryfirmcompressive, grip,addinggreatlytothesecurityofitshold.

Thenailswouldtearandlaceratetheskin,wouldpierce,crush

verylargeandwouldreceive mostofthebodyweight;they arethetwopairsofLatissimus dorsi,andthetwopairsofthe pectoralesmajormuscles.Tensionwouldfallespeciallyupon thelaterpair--thegreatpectoral muscles.Theyareattachedat theiroriginstotheantero,lateral aspectsofmanyribsandtothe breastboneorsternum,onthe onehand,andtothefrontofthe humerousorarmboneonthe other,andfurther,asthearms werenailedtothecrossona planelevelwiththeposterioraspectofthevictim'sbody,atremendouspullwouldbeexerted onthethoraxorchestwallinan upwardandoutwarddirection,

ThisarticleonthePassionof('hristwaswrittenbyDr. JamesLyleCameron,M.D,F.R.C.S.,andreadattheInternationalConferenceofCatholicDoctorsheldatLisbonlastJuly.

AsnextweekwillbeHolyWeek,wehopethatthisarticle willhelptorecallmorevividlytoourmindstheSacrificeon calvary,andthusinspireuswithagreaterloveforHimWho diedforoursalvation.

waythroughthetissueswhen greattensionwasapplied,as wouldhavebeenthecasewere thenailshammeredthroughthe palmsofthehands. Thenailsinthefeetwereprobablymadetopiercethroughthe smalltarsalbonesoftheinstep, justbeyondthelowerendofthe legortibialbones.Theywould haveasecureholdinthissituation.

ortearapartthebones;would rend,lacerateandpiercejoint capsules,tendons,ligaments, bloodvesselsandnerves.

Allofthesewereviolentinjuries.Theywouldbeindescribablypainful. Theeffectsofpulling,occurringeitherimmediatelyasthe resultsofpowerfultraction,or laterfromtheprolongeddrag duetothevictimbeingsuspendedthusforalengthoftime, wouldbetothrowgreatstress ontheskinofthearmsandupperpartofthetrunk,onthemuscles.tendons,nerves,bloodvessels,jointcapsulesandligaments. Theskinwouldstretchgreatly, butwouldprobablybethelast structuretogivewayinthecase ofcompletearmevulsion.

Themusclefibreswouldbe lengthenedtotheutmostofthe elasticity,andthenthefibres wouldbetornapart,andtorn fromtheirattachmentstotendons,fibrouscoveringsandconnectionswithbones.

Astherivenmusclesgaveway, tractionwouldfalluponjoint capsules,laceratingthemand tearingthemfromtheirbodyattachments.

THEEFFECTS.

NothingMorePainful.

Nerveswouldberentinplaces throughouttheirlengthandeven tornawayfromthespinalcord. Thebloodvessels,arteriesand veinswouldbegreatlystretched andevenrentandrupturedin places.

Therewouldbeaconsiderable stasisorslowingdownandderangementofthecirculationof thebloodthroughoutthebody. Theveinsreturningbloodfrom thelimbswouldbeblockedfrom pressureduetostretching,obstructionduetolaceration,with associatedbloodclotting,andto theabsenceofmuscularcontractionswhicharethechiefpower inpromotingthevenousreturn circulation.

Meanwhilebloodwouldcontinue tobepumpedalongthearteries, andinthearms,beingunableto returnfreely,wouldburst throughthefinecapillaryvessels directly,orescapefromlacerations,andwouldploughupand furtherlaceratethetissues.

Alloftheseprocesseswouldbe violentlyinjurious,hurtfuland unspeakablyagonising.

Thereisnoprocessmorepainfulthanslowstretching,evulsionandtearingoftissues.

Anotherimportantseriesof mechanicalfactorswouldbeset intheoperation. Thearmsareattachedtothe bodybyseveralpairsofmuscles.

Twooftheseoneachsideare

andtherewouldbemany portantconsequences. "ITHIRST."

DeathFromShock.

Thechestwallwouldbelifted upanditscavitywouldbeexpandedtoitsutmostcapacity. Thediaphragmwouldberenderedtautandflattenedout. Thispullingoutofthediaphragmbyrenderingtautthethick muscularcrura,wouldprevent vomitingwhilethevictimlived, andescapeoffluidfromthe stomachafterdeath.Hence,no mentionismadeintheGospelsof vomiting,whichmustassuredly havebeenamostusualassocitionofthesufferingofallvictimsofcrucifixion.

Movementsofthechestwould begreatlylimited.Theupward thrustofthediaphragm,occurringduringnormalbreathing, wouldbemarkedlyrestricted.As thechestexpandedthelungs woulddilatetofillthecavity. Thiswouldmeanagreatdiltation ofthealveoliorairsacks.

Surroundingeachalveolusisa meshofcapillaryvesselscarryingbloodfromthearterialtothe venouspartofthepulmonaryor lungbloodvessels.Thecapillarieswouldbestretchedandflattenedovertheexpandedalveoli andalsocompressedbetween them.Thiswoulddamthepulmonarycirculation.

Thepulmonaryarterieswould distendtherightsideofthe heart,wouldbecomedilatedto anextremedegree.

Backpressurewould,inturn, falluponthesuperiorandinferiorvanaecavae,thegreatveins fromtheupperandlowerparts ofthebody,respectively,return-

Horizontalsectionofthehuman thorax,showingthepathofthe spearthatpiercedOurLord's Heart(pathofspearindicated byintercostalarrowpassingthroughfifth spaceinfrontand directedtowardstheeighthverterbra showsofthespine).Diogram Pl-pleuraPe-pericardium (distended),St-Sternumor breast-bone;ODandOS,V.D. andV.S.aretheleftandright oriclesandleftandrightven- triclesoftheheart.

ingbloodtotherightsideofthe heart.Theseveinsintheirturn wouldbeextremelydistended.

Astherespiratorymovements ofthechestwouldinconsequence begreatlyrestricted,therewould bearetardationofbloodflowin thepulmonaryveinsandgreat distensionofthese.

Alargeportionofallofthe bloodinthewholebodywouldbe semi-stagnantinthechest.It wouldremainfluidforaconsiderabletimeafterdeath.

Whatwouldbethegeneralef- fectofallthisinjuryonthecrucified die?person,andwhyshouldhe

Theansweris:hewoulddie fromshock,andoccasionally from ciatedthecomplicationsorassoconditionsofshock.

Shock,orsurgicalshock,isa termappliedtoawell-known condition.Itisastateofbodilycollapsewithdisorderor derangementofthefunctionsof differentorgans. Thebloodpressurefalls,the heartbeatbecomesrapidand feeble,andsometimesirregular; thebodytemperaturefalls;the pupilsdilate;themouthbecomes dry,thethirstextreme.

THETHIEVES.

TheirSuddenDeath.

Absorptionoffluidsbytheintestinesisdiminishedandmay ceasealtogether,andtheintestinesbecomedistended!Kidneyfunctionofoutputofpoisonousproductsisdecreasedand maybeentirelyarrested.

Fromallinjuredtissuesapoisonoushistamine-likesubstance isliberatedintotheblood,causingcapillarystasisandleakage withresultantdepletionofcirculatingfluids-i.e.,impoverishmentofthe blood. Shockmarkedlydiminished'the functionofthenervoussystem:reflexactionsarederangedor evenarrested.Sensitivenessdecreasesandwhentheinjuryis verysuddenandviolent,pain maynotbefelt.

Consciousness,however,isusuallymaintained,andthemind maybefairlycleartotheend, buttendstobecometorpidand apathetic.

(ContinuedonPage11.)

LAFAYETTE DEASE STUDIOS

W.A.LEADING ANDLARGEST. PHOTOGRAPHERS.

'PHONES:

.B4514. B3606.

BarrackStreet, Perth

CrucifixionMostSavageFormofExecution

(ContinuedfromPage10.)

Shockisproducedbyanypainfulinjury,andincreasedby anxiety,fear,lossofblood,or chillingofthebodyduetoexposuretocold.Anyadditionof these,oroffurtherinjury,increasesthecollapseandmaybe sufficienttocausedeath.

Forexample,thestraightening orattemptedsplintingofabadly crushed,wrenched,orfractured limb,preparatorytoremovalof thewoundedperson,orthesmallestattemptatrepairofabad woundwhenshockisalreadypronounced,mayoccasionafatalresult.

Hencetheswiftlyfatalresult ofthebreakingofthelegsofthe crucifiedthievessoconfidently expectedbythedemandingJews. Thiscomeslater.

ContinUationoftheoriginalinjuries,suchasleavingthecrucifiedpersonhanging,wouldincreaseshockuntilthevictim died

Therearecertainmostimportantcomplicationsoraddeddisorderswhichmayoccurinassociationwithastateofshockand hastenorrendermoresurea fatalresult.

Amongthemostimportantare:

Cesationofkidneyfunction, acuteoedemaorcongestionof thelungs,embolismorthestoppingupofthevesselsofthe heartorlungswithaclotof blood,greatintestinaldistension, or,finally,andofgreatimportance,acutedilatationofthe stomach.

Thetwofirstcomplications generallyoccurinelderlypersons.Thelastisusuallyseen inpersonsintheprimeoflife. life.

Acutedilatationofthestomach isarapidlyfatalcomplicationof surgicalshock,evenofamoderatedegree.Itmostcommonly occursafterabdominalinjuries orevenoperations.Butithas beenseenfollowingthecrushing ofahandorarm,footorleg,bulletWound,orburn,orindeed afteranyinjuryorwound.It

Agonisingand

HumiliatingDegradation

,oldiersopenedHissidewitha spear:andimmediatelyblood andwaterflowedout.

Hewhosawsithasbornehis witness:andhiswitnessisworthyoftrust.Hetellswhathe knowstobethetruth.

St.Johnhaswrittenfrompersonalobservation..

Letusconsiderbrieflysome paragraphsbySt.Mark,He writes(chapterXV.,43-46):

unlessheorsomeonehadactuallywitnesseditsoccurrence. Moreover,anotherpointisundeniablysettledforalltime.

Salesmanshipand PersonalEfficiency

TrainedSalesmenarealways indemandandearngoodincomes.SellingistheoneprofessioninwhichABILITY countsaboveeverythingelse.

OurCoursedevelopsyourpersonalityandgivesyouconfidence inyourself.Importanceisgiventobusinesspsychologyand theovercomingofsmallpersonal problemswhichpreventsuccess

Thefeeisreasonable,andcan bepaidbyeasymonthlyinstalments.

Ifyouareinterestedinthis subject,fillinthecouponbelow andpostittous. Pleasesendme,freeandwithoutobligation,detailsofyour CourseinSalesmanship.

FRONTALX-RAYOFANORMALHAND.

FrontalX-rayofanormalhand. showing(No.1)thespaceof Destotthroughwhichinallprobabilitythenailofthecrucifixionpassed.

maycomeonaftermanyhours orseveraldays,oritmayarise precipitatelyinafewminutes.

Ifunrelieved,itcausesdeath inamatterofminutes,orina fewhours,dependinguponthe degreeandprecipitanceofthe condition.

Inacutedilatation,thestomachisunbelievablydistended, evenfillingthewholeabdomen, andthrustingthediaphragmupwards,buildingintothechest cavity.

Thestomachisfilledwithwater, whichisclearintheearlystages andinveryacutecasesarising suddenly. Later,orincasesoflessprecipitance,itbecomesturpid,and inadditiontheremaybesome gas.

THEGOSPELS.

Eye-WitnessEvidence.

Therelationshipbetweeninjury,shockandacutedilatation ofthestomach,andthereasons whyithappensinsomecasesof shockandnotinothers,arequite unknown.Itisextremelyliable tobecompletelyoverlooked.

Personssufferingfromacute dilatationofthestomachalmost invariablydieinthesameway.

Thereisaninsatiabletorturing thirst.Oftenthereisvomiting, oftennone.

Thereisagreatdistressof bodyandmind:breathingislabouredanddifficult;consciousness isunimpaired,andthemindremainsclearandactivetothe last.Thepersonknowsthathe isdying;makesintelligentstatements,andmaydisposeoffamilyaffairsorbidfarewellto thosepresentinattendance.

Then,perhapswithalastcry orutterance,theheaddrops,the mouthfallsopen,theeyesremainunclosed,thewholebodyrelaxesandbecomesstill,noevidenceofheart-beatremains,and allsignsoflifevanish.

Iwritefrompersonalobservation.

Letusconsiderthedeathof OurDivineLordasdescribedby St.JohnandSt.Mark.

St.Jonnwrites(chap.xix.,2836):

AndnowJesusknewWellthat allwasachievedwhichthe Scripturesdemandedforitsaccomplishment,andHesaid,Iam thirsty.Therewasajarthere fullofvinegar;sotheyfilleda spongewiththevinegarandput itonastickofhyssop,and broughtitclosetoHismouth.

Jesusdrankthevinegarandsaid, Itisachieved,thenbowedHis headandyieldedupHisSpirit. TheJewswouldnotletthe _bodiesremaincrucifiedonthe Sabbath,becausethatSabbath daywasasolemnone;andsince itwasnowtheeve,theyasked Pilatethatthebodiesmighthave theirlegsbroken,andbetaken away.Andsothesoldierscame andbrokethelegsbothofthe oneandoftheotherthatwere crucifiedwithHim;butwhen theycametoJesus,andfound Himalreadydead,theydidnot breakHislegs,butoneofthe

Andnowitwasalreadyevening:andbecauseitwastheday ofpreparation,thatis,theday beforetheSabbath,arichcouncillornamedJosephofAramathee,oneofthosewhowaitedfor God'skingdom,boldlywentto Pilate,andaskedtohavethe BodyofJesus.Pilate,astonishedthatHeshouldhavediedso soon,calledtheCenturiontohim, toaskifHewasdeadalready, andwhenhehadheardtheCenturion'sreport,gaveJosephthe Body.

HereisgoodevidencethatOur DivineLorddiedunexpectedly soon.

Thisisaclearindicationthata fatalcomplicationhadsuddenly delevopedThatfatalcomplicationcouldonlyhavebeenacute dilatationofthestomach.

Thepost-mortemdealingwith theSacredBodyofOurDivine

NoquestionofdoubtofOur Lord'sactualbodilydeathcan everberaised.Thisspear-thrust wouldhaveensureddeathascertainlyaswoulddecapitation,and asunequivocallyandirrevocably aswouldutterbodilydismemberment THEMOTIVE.

ImmeasurableLove.

Furthermore,thetruehumanity ofOurDivineLordcanneverbe deniedordisputed.Hewasin everywayaman.Hediedas anynaturalandnormalman wouldhavediedundersimilar circumstancesandconditions.

Itisinconceivablethatgreater sufferingcouldhavebeenprocuredandendured.Ifgreater agonyhadbeenproduced,it wouldhavecauseddeathtooccur sooner.

TrulyHisbodywasbroken,His

sed. flieifleshwasrent,Hiebloodwas

OurDivineLordacceptedand enduredthesupremeandlastful measureofsuffering.

Itisnotpresumedhereforone momentthattheseviolentinjurieshad,necessarily,becauseof theirdestructivenature,anydominionoverOurDivineLord's humanbodyandlife. Our DivineLordofHisownfreeand unfetteredwill,yieldedHimself totheprocessesofdeathbycrucifixion,lettingnaturetakeits course,undertheseconditions andcircumstances.

Andfinally,whatwasthemotivewhichimpelledOurSaviour toacceptandendurethisshamefulhumiliation,thisindescribablesufferinganddeath-all freelyandvoluntarily?

ItwasLOVE.

Itwastheinconceivable,incomparableandimmeasurable, theinfinitelysweetandineffably tender,loveofGod;theloveof Godformortalman.

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FrontalX-rayofacrucified handshowingthenailpenetratingthewristthroughthespace ofDestot.

Lordcompletelysubstantiates thisconclusion St.John,the eye-witness,writes(chap.XIX 1-34):

Butoneofthesoldiersopened Hissidewithaspear;andimmediatelybloodandwksterflowed out THESPEAR.

ProofofDeath.

ThesoldierwasaRoman:he wouldbewelltrained,proficient, andwouldknowhisduty.He wouldknowwhichpart'ofthe bodytopierceinorderthathe mightobtainaspeedilyfatalresultorensurethatthevictimwas undeniablydead.

Hewouldthrustthorughthe leftsideofthechestalittlebelowthecentre.Herehewould penetratetheheartandthegreat bloodvesselsattheirorigin,and alsothelungontheside.

Thesoldier,standingbelowour crucifiedLordasHehungonthe cross,wouldthrustupwardsundertheleftribs.Thebroad, leancutting,two-edgedspearheadwouldentertheleftside oftheupperabdomen,would openthegreatlydistendedstomach,wouldpiercethediaphragm, wouldcut,wide-open,theheart andgreatbloodvessels,arteries andveins-nowfullydistended withblood,aconsiderableproportionofallthebloodinthe body,andwouldlaceratethe lung.

Thewoundwouldbelarge enoughtothrusttheopenhand intoit.

Bloodfromthegreatlyengorgedveins,pulmonaryvesseland dilatedstomachwouldflowforth inabundance.

Thewholeeventasdescribed bySt.Johnmust,indeed,have happened,fornowritercould havepresentedinsuchcoherent detailsorecognisableanevent,

Knowyoutkfar

TheScourgingof OurLord

ByNORBERi'HERMN.,C.P. in"TheSign."

TheGospelofthescourgingis extremelybrief.Itiscontained inonesentence:"ThenPilate tookJesusandscourgedHim."

Theinspiredwritersmadenoattempttodescribethisharrowing scene.Theyknewthatnocommentarywasnecessary,because thishistoriceventwasalready weightedwithenoughhorror.In thetellingtheycoulddispense withdistressingdetails.Their initialreaderswouldunderstand.

Romanfloggingswerepublicaffairs,anddetailedaccountsof theirgruesomecharacterwere easilyobtainablefromactual witnesses.To-daywearedependentupontheancientpaganwritersfortheinformationwe needtorealisewhatChristmust have.sufferedinthismostcruel episodeofHisPassion.

ARomanfloggingcouldbeadministeredeitherasapreamble tocrucifixionorasacomplete andseparatepunishment.In thelattercase,iftheoffender wereaforeigneroraslave,a terribleimplementoftorture wasreservedforhim.Itwasa

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leatherthongofwhipssometimesterminatinginclumpsof metalorfragmentsofbone.At timesthestrandsofleatherwere replacedbychainsofiron.The distincteffectoftheleatherlash wasthatitcutandtorethebody ofthevictim.Moregruelling weretheeffectsoftheiron strandsandthepointsofmetal andbone;thosedugandfurrowedthebodyinamostpainful manner.Thewholeideaofa Romanscourgingwasthatofa mostcruelordeal,atortureoriginallyborrowedfromEastern practice.Itwasapunishment reservedforthosewhohadno statusofRomancitizenship.Consequently,itallowedforadisplay ofprimitivebarbaritywhichruledoutanycompassionatealleviation.

Theculpritwasboundtoalow ,take,hisbodyarchedinforced defianceofthemenacingleatherwhip-tha4"horriblelash"an Horacehastermedit-whichwas noisedreadytostrike.Butno humanback,howeverstrong, couldlongremainunyieldingundertheheavyimpactofthe stingingstroke,thecuttingwelts,

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thefurrowedlacerations. Soonthetorturedvictimfellto :hegroundexhausted,writhing infeverishpain.Eachrepeatedstrokeonlyhelpedallthe moretotwistandturnhisstunnedfromfromonesidetoanother.No-partofthebodywas immunefromblowts.Eventhe sensitivityandthesaceednessof aman'sfacewerenot:Tared. Thesearesome.ofthehorrible detailsgivenbytheancient writers,andhistoryevenrecords thatactualdeathwasoftenthe mercifulclimaxofaRoman scourging.

Itwasanordealofthiskind whichChristnowfacedasthe SyriansoldierytiedHimtothe pillar.HeknewastheystrippedHimpubliclyandasthey preparedthewhipsthatnosympathylurkedintheirbrawny armsandtighteningfists.He knewthatthenumberofstrokes mightraindownuponhisback

mentsofthesoldiers.Ifeyes couldonlysee,thereisacrimson blotonthesoursofmen,asign Aglurytothosewhowillue saved,abadgeofdamnation uponthosewhowillmakevoiu thiscopiousandsanctifyingshedding.Beholdthe"biood-asper- ges'ofthePassion(justasthe AgonyintheGardenwasitsbap- tism-by-blood)forthosereddenedwhipswillsprinkleHisblood fartherthanHisbrutalfloggers mighteverdream. To-daythisscenecansoeasily stumulatetheimaginationtorun riotinacolourfulheldofgruesomedetails.Thereisthetemp- tationtoachievehereinword pictureswhattheEvangelists themselvesdarednotdo.Itis soeasytodescribethehorrible plightofanother,whenweourselvesarecomfortablysecure frompain.However,nomeditationonthescourgingisprofitableunlesstheimaginationin turnprovokesthemindtopon- derthetruthofGod'slovemore convincinglyandexcitesthe hearttoloveGodmoregenerously.

TheEvangelistsintheirreserveknewthatthisscenewas notthemosthorridtowhichGod mightbesubjectedbymen.The flagellationwasindeedabrutal encounterbetweenunrestraineu barbarityandanuncomplaining Christ.Herewasdisplayedthe useofbrutalforcedirectednot uponsomeinanimateobject,but uponthelivingandmostsensitivebodyofOurBlessedLord. However,thatmenshouldlash GodsBodytobloodwiththe indefinitelyuntilHesuccumbedscourgeisnottheirgreatest inapoolofblood,becausethiscrime.Inthelongroundof wastobeaRomanscourgingand Romanlawdidnotlimitthe numberofstrokestofortyasdid themorebenignJewishlaw.

Wemaywellconjecturethat anuneasysilencereignedimmediatelybeforethecrueltaskbe=an Acrowdwasthere,eager towitnessblood,anxioustosee thisrarespectacleofagreatand highlyhonouredmanutterlyhumiliated.Hehadclaimedtobe God;wouldHenowdemonstrate totheirdelighthowwellGod couldendureathrashing?Or wouldHisboastbesadlydisprovedasHewincedandcriedand writhedlikeanyotherman?

Theysoonwouldknowthe answer.Perhapstheythought thatthisJewfromNazareth, nowcaughtinthemeshesofthe Romanlaw,wouldsoonregret thatHeAlasnotbornaRoman citizen.EvenHispunishment wouldbethepunishmentofa slave.Strangelyenough,some ofthemwouldneverknowthat liealoneofallmencouldtruly boastofagloriouscitizenship infinitelygreaterthanthat covetedbyanyproudRoman. Thatwasthecitizenshipofheaven,becausebynaturalrightHe wastheSonofGod.

AtthatmomentOurBlessed LordintensifiedHisprayer.Was itaprayerfortheunknowing menwhowouldbrandishthe whips?They,Heknew,were onlyperformingtheirduty.Or woulditbeaprayerofforgivenessforthosewhohadunjustly demandedHisscourging?Surely,Hemustbereadyatevery momenttoforgivetheirsin.

humanexperiencetherehave beenvariationsofthismalicious pastime.HisSacredBodywas bentlowbeforethepillaronl, onceinhistory.Whileitistrue thatmenhavenotcontinuedto standbeforeHimwithblooddyedscourgesintheirhands,yet throughthecourseofyearstheyhavenothesitatedtoindulgein thissamesportinadifferent manner.FortheyhavedesecratedHishonour,blasphemed His deniedname,ridiculedHissonship, Hisdivinity,stolenaway HisinheritanceaisSaviourof theworld,madebaseHisglory, mockedHisprovidence,crucified HisMysticalBody. Noscourgeto-daymayever againtearHisback.Nolash maycutorscarHisSacredFace. HisBodyisnolongeratthe cruelmercyofmankind.But menstillhavethelibertyto scourgeHishonourbytheirblasphemingtongues.TheyhavetheunrestrainedpowertowhipHisintelligencebytheirpervertedminds.Hisglorymaystill bethetargetofthebrutalchastisementoftheirhardenedwills. Theatheistmaystillplaythe gameofcountingstarsinorder todiscounttheirCreator.The

libertinemaystillviolatehis ownpersonaltempleoftheHoly Ghostandbyhisbaseexample stripthesanctityfromothermembersoftheMysticalBody. Theproudmanmayupsethis ownspiritualworldofvalues, outlawingGodastherulerofHis ownuniverseandsubstituting himselfinGod'sposition.Thecynicmaysneeratwhatissacred.Thematerialistmaypre- fertogloryinhimselfasabro- therofthesoilratherthanasa sonofGod.TheCommunist maybepowerlesstostrikeat Christ'sphysicalbody,toflog HimunmercifullyasareactionaryandthrowHimintoacon'entrationcampasanenemyof hepeople.Butthereareother Christ,whosebodiesareyetpas- sible,whosebacksCommunists maystillbreak,whosehandsand feetCommunistsmaynailto crosses.

Thusthesportofwhipping God,firstbyderidingHishonourandsecondbyunjustlyperse- cutingHisMysticalGodystill goeson.Itistheextensionof hePassionthemeintoourown modernage.Itistheshameless humangameofruthlesslycrushingallwhohavelearnedfrom Christtheheroismofspeaking andlivingthetruth,allwho,in thetimeoftheirtrial,display fortheworld'sshamethatsanctified"unreasonableness"ofturningtheothercheek.

Thisisthemysteryofthe scourgingasitaffectsuseventoday.Evilmencannotunderstandwhyagoodman'sspirit willnotfalterevenwhenhis backisbrokenunderthewhips ofinjusticeandhate.Theycannotunderstandwhythemore theytrytorunGodoutofHis ownuniverse,themoredoesHe appearunexpectedlyinnew places.Theycannotfathom thecontradictionofgoodmen, oncegivenupfordead,rising withnewstrengthtoshoulder theircrossesonthewaytoCalvary.

Tothemitisaperpetualmys- 'eryhowphysicalstrengthalone cannevertriumphovermoral greatness.Poordeludedsouls, theirworldofvisionislimitedto thesightofbasecowardsper-vertingauthorityandphysical strengthtowhipsaintsintoline. ltisthesightofdefiantcreaturesmakingsportofGodand Hissaintsbyadisplayofcruelty, wantonness,andunbelief.Too badtheycannotseethatlarger andmorecomfortingpicture whereGod,throughHismercy forthegoodandHisjusticeto- wardthewicked,ishavingthe finallaugh-withreverencedo wesaythatHetooplay.;agame. ItisthesportofwatchingHis divineProvidenceinfalliblyunfolditselfinmajesticpatternsof wisdom,despiteevilandevilmindedmen.

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"Forgivethem,forgivethem. Itwasthissilentprayerwhich rosetoHeavenasChristbent lowwaitingforthefirststroke ofthelashtofall.Whenwould itstrike?Howsoon?Quicklyorlongdelayedinaneffort totantaliseHim?Wherewould itfall?AcrossHisback?On Hisshoulders?Wouldthe strandofironcrawlacrossHis bodytobiteintoHisSacred. Face?Nowthearmofasoldierispoisedinmid-air.Heis readytostrike.The'scourging isabouttobegin.Suddenlyhe bringsdownthewhipinahissing swish.Christ'sbacklowersunderthehammeringimpactofthe firstblow.Asecondfalls,a third,onandon,asHissilent prayerformen'sforgiveness punctuateseachpausebetween thewoundingblows.

Strokefollowsstrokewith mountingrapidityuntilthebeginningofonelashmergesinto theendingofanother.There isafireofpainwhichconsumes thesoundnessofHisentirebody. Thereareopenwoundsandblack bruises,surfacecuts,stripsof swelling,anddeeplacerations. Hisbloodischeaplyspilled-it dyestheground,itstainsthe whips,itdotsthearmsandgar-

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BanneuxApparitioni

Approved

UniqueMarianLibraiy

TheapparitionofOurLadyat Lourdes,thesubsequentvenerationofheratthatshrineandthe miraclesassociatedwithit,have becomewidelyknowntoCatholicsandthosebeyondthefaith. Theconcentrationofattentionon thatapparitionhastendedtoobscureotherwell-attestedappearancesofOurLady.TheappearancesatLaSatetteinthelast centuryandatFatimainthis receivedperhapslessattention thantheydeserved.Andyet, theywereobviouslyintendedto inspireandtoteach.Itisintendedinthisarticletoconsider anotherappearanceofOurLady thatiscomparativelylittle knowninAustralia.

Betweenthe15th.ofJanuary andtheendofMarch,1933,the BlessedVirginMaryappeared.5 timesatBanneux,inBelgium,to MarietteBeco,agirlof11,the eldestofapoorfamilyofseven children.DuringtheapparitionsOurLadycalledherelf"The VirginofthePoor,"andsheaskedforasmallchapeltobebuilt. Afewmonthslaterthiswas doneandopenforworship.She showedthegirlaspringandsaid itwasreservedforallnations, andthatshewascomingtoheal thesickandtorelievethesuffering.Sincethenagreatmany sickhavebeencuredbytheintercessionoftheVirginofthePoor andallkindsofsufferingrelieved.InanswertoOurLady'srequestto''Praymuch,pray much,prayverymuch,"thefull rosaryhasbeenrecitedatthe shrineeachevening.AnInternationalLeagueofPrayerswas

alsoorganisedatBanneuxand over700,000peoplescattered throughouttheworldpledge themselvestosayeachdayalittleprayertothe"Virginofthe Poor,"andifpossibletosaythe Rosary.TheChurchinvestigatedtheapparitions,andafternine years,in1942,theBishopof Liegeapprovedofficiallythevenerationofthe"Virginofthe Poor."InJanuary,1943,Rome grantedaprivilegetopriests whocometoBanneuxaspilgrimsinthattheymaycelebrate theMassoftheBlessedVirgin anydayoftheyearexceptSundaysandfeastdaysoffirstand secondclass. ItisintendedthataBasilica willbebuiltatBanneuxtohonourOurLady,andalreadyplans hatecommencedforbuildinga largehospital(asmallpartof ihichwascompletedbeforethe war),ahomeandaretreathouse .rvisitingclergy.

ALibrary-"LaBibliotheque Mariale."

In1942aLibrarywasopened nI3anneuxwiththeprinciple thatthemoreMaryisknownthe morewewillgivetoherthe homagewhichis.herdue.There itsfoundershopetodevelopan internationalcentreofstudy,of documents,andofMarianinformation.TheiraimIstoputat thedisposaloftheintellectual publicallthathasbeenwritten onOurLadyinalllanguagesof theworld.Itsdevelopmenthas beenencouraging,havingextendeditsrelationstoallcountries oftheworld.Bytheendof 1947therewere3,522volumesin theBanneuxMarianLibrary,991 ofthes,±wereaddedlastyear,40 ofthemcomingfromAustralia.

Australia'sParticipationtothe BanneuxLibrary.

FollowingarequestlastOztoberbytheAbbeArendtofBanneux,Mr.D.Little,ofBarragorNS.W.,acceptedthepositionofAustraliancorrespondent andimmediatelyhelpwassought fromeachStateoftheComomnwealthandfromNewZealand. Representativesweredulyappointed.Theirworkaimsat:

(a)PlacingintheLibraryacopy ofeverybookprintedinAustraliaandNewZealandcontaininganyreferencetoOur Lady.

(b)TodonatetotheLibraryany bookondevotiontoOurLady ifacopydoesnotalready existthere.

(c)Similaractionwithregardto pamphlets.

id)TogetintotheBanneuxfiles andcuttingscontainingMarian referenceswhichmnyappear orhaveappearedinanynewspaperormagazineinAustralia orNewZealand.

(e)TosupplytoBanneuxany librarylistscoveringworkson Marianologyinitswidest sense.

(f)Totakeanyactionwhichwill assistinbuildinguptheEnglishsectionoftheBanneux Library.

InthefewmonthsthatAustraliahasbeenassistinginthe developmentofthisLibrary,40 bookshavebeencontributed, manypamphlets,librarylistson Mariology,andnumerouscuttingsfrompapersandmagazines. Thoseassistinginthisvastenterpriseareputtingtheworkof Australianwritersintoarchives thatareinternational-archives situatedveryclosetothespot whereOurLadyappearedto MarietteBecoin1933.Forthe Librarytoattainitsaimthat nothingmustremainunknown abouttheBlessedVirginMary, theassistanceofmanymustbe given.WestAustraliacansurelyoffermuchtoMarybyhaving herwriterslistedinthisLibrary thathasbeenerectedtohername atBanneux.

-MeidaM.Seward,B.A.,DipSoc.Stud.,W.A.Representative, "LaBibliothequeMariale."

JacobiteArchbishop toVisitMelbourne

Perhapsthemostunusualof themanydistinguishedprelates whowillvisitMelbourneinMay fortheDiocesanCentenaryCele brationsisthevenerableJacobiteArchbishop.MarIvanios, ArchbishopofTrivandrum,India. AtpresentintheUnitedStates, wherehebroadcastovertheColumbianetwbrk,ArchbishopMar Ivanioswasreceivedatthe WhiteHousebyPresidentTruman.

HeexpectstoarriveinMelbourneonMay1,andislooking forwardtomeetingHisGrace, Dr.Mannix,"thegreatArchbishopofMelbourne."

Dr.MarIvaniosisaconvert Jacobiteprelateandtheinitiator oftheMalabarReunionMovementamongtheSyrianSchismatics.Thismovementbrought backtotheChinchaconsiderablenumberofSchismaticclergy andlaity.Amongtheirnumber weretwootherJacobiteprelates.

JacobiteChristianswasthe namegiventotheMonophysites, whoheldthatOurLordhadbut onenature.TheywerecondemnedattheGeneralCouncil )fChalcedon.Sometimesthey callthemselvesSuriganiorSyrianChristians.ThenameJacobiteisderivedfromJacobor James,amonkwhowasordainedMetropolitanofEdessbyhereticalbishopsduringthe6th. century.HeresistedtheauthorityoftheFourthGeneral CouncilheldatChalcedonand deniedthetwonaturesofChrist.

TheMonophysitesarefoundin Syria,Kurdistan,andEastIndia.Theyhavealwaysbeena comparativelysmallandscatteredsectandaresubjecttothe oereticalPatriarchofAntioch.

The20th.anniversaryofthe restorationofthenativeHierarchyoftheChurchoftheSyroMalabarRite,SouthernIndia, wasobservedlastyearwith ,nanysolemnceremoniesinthe MetropolitanSeeofErnakularn andtheSuffraganSeesofTri,hur,KottayamandChangana- cherry,ofthesameRite.

TheSyro-MalabarChristians claimtheirspiritualdescent fromSt.ThomastheApostle,but throughouttheMiddleAgesthey hadnoHierarchyoftheirown. WhenthePortuguesebecameacquaintedwiththeminthefifteenthcenturytheyfoundthese ChristiansdependentonthehereticalBishopsoftheancientNestoriansectinMesopotamia,althoughit-isdoubtfulwhetherthe MalabarsthemselveseveracceptedtheNestorianheresy.

Theyreceivedtheirnative Hierarchyin1896,whenPope LeoXIII.erectedanArchdiocese andthreesuffragandioceses,en- trustingthemtonativeclergy.PreviouslytheMalabarfaithful hadbeengovernedbymissionary clergyorbyadjacentLatinRite Bishops.

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Itisestimatedthatcloseon 8,000personsattendedthefunctioninhonourofSt.Patrick, heldonSubiacoOvalonWednesday.

HisGracetheArchbishoppresidedattheSolemnHighMass, assistedbytheRt.Rev.MonsignoriEMossandJ.Moloney.

Rev.FatherWallace,Adm., sangtheMass,andRev.Fathers J.HoganandM.Byrne,were DeaconandSub-Deacon,respectively.Rev.FatherJ.Rafferty, Adm.,AlasAssistant-Priest,and Rev.FathersJ.O'FarrellandR. Kellywereinchargeoftheceremonies.

ThegirlsfromVictoriaSquare sangtheMass,underthedirectionofRev.FatherA.Lynch.

Rt.Rev.MonsignorJ.T.McMahongavetheRadiocommentary. TheOvalpresentedaglorious spectaclewithabout5,000childrenintheiruniformsdrawnup aroundthealtar.

Itwasafeastofcolourfrom therichvioletandgoldofthe ecclesiasticalrobestothegreen, white,brownandblueofthe conventuniforms.

Groupsofboysintheirsports outfitsbrokeupthegroups,and thusmadethecoloursstandout.

Pageantswerestagedafterthe Mass.Rt.Joseph'sSchool,Fremantle,representedatableauentitled"HandsAcrosstheSeato Eire."Fromthecentralfigure withaharprepresentingIreland streamersspreadnuttoother groupsrepresentingthevarious StatesintheCommonwealth.

Thegirl§fromtheSacred HeartHighandPrimarySchools, withagroupoftenIrishdancers,

ofCivilisation

sang"Hail,GloriousSt.Patrick" and''TheDearLittleShamrock." BoysfromAquinasandC.B.C., St.George'sTerrace,underthe directionofRev.BrotherEgan presentedatableauofpyramid displayswhichwereacreditto theboysandtheirrespective sportsmasters. HisGracepreachedatthe Mass,thesermonbeingbroadcastovertheNationalStations.

plusaresplendentSt.Patrick,Bethatasitmay,Ithinkthe wordsmayalsobefittinglyappliedtoanotherEmpire-this timeapurelyspiritualandmysticone,anEmpirethathassent outitsrootstotheuttermost partsoftheearth,anEmpire thatisboundtogetherbyaspiritualkinship,thattranscendsall politicalandgeographicalboun(laries-ImeanthegreatuniversalspiritualEmpireofIreland's NationalApostle. IsayspiritualEmpire,foralthoughtheIslandofSt.Patrick hasatvariousperiodsinitslong andchequeredhistoryrisento highpoliticalascendency,itis notsuchworldlyglorythatis conjuredupbymemoriesofthe Feastwecelebrateto-day.For itisnottosuchsheowesherpre eminencetntheworld,butrather tothatmysticglorywhichsheds ahaloaroundherfairesttitle, "TheIslandofSaintsand Scholars."

"Shestands,athousaniwintered tree, Bycountlessmornsimpearled, Herbroadrootscoilbeneaththe sea, Herbranchessweeptheworld, Herseedbycarelesswindsconveyed, Totheremoteststrand, Withforestsfromherscatterings made, Newnationsfosteredinhershade Andlinkinglandwithland."

MydearSonsandDaughteriand FriendsoftheIrishRace,and fellow-Australians,-

OnthisFeastdayofIreland's NationalPatronandApostle,the wordsofthepoet,SirWilliam Watson,comeunbiddentomy lips.Itisindeedtruethathe hadinmindagreatpolitical Empirewhenhewrotethem,an Empirethatsentouthersturdy pioneerstocolonisetheendsof theearth,anEmpireinwhichthe MotherCountryandherColonies stoodintherelationshipofa Mothertoherchildren-anEmpireinwhichthedaughterColoniesneverforgotthelinksthat boundthemtotheMotherland.

InthattitlepreciselyliesIreland'schiefclaimuponHistory andcivilisation.Thefoundationsofherfuturegreatnesswere deeplylaidbyhergreatApostle, St.Patrick,witienheimbuedher withhisownburningzealfor sanctityandlearning.That wasIreland'sgreatestcontributiontocivilisationinthepast; thatistobeherhighestrolein therebuildingofthefuture.Her gifttotheworldisessentially thegiftoffaith.Forcivilisationisnotarootbutabranch, andtherootfromwhichit springsinReligion.Whethe byaccidentordesign,butalways undertheeyeofGod'sProvidence,theseedsofcivilisatior sownbyPatrickwere eventually scatteredtothefourwinds of theearth.

ThecountrywhichSt.Patrick evangelisedhaspreservedthe faithentrustedtoitover1,500 yearsago.Theirloyaltytothe ChurchandtotheSeeofPeter isstillenshrinedinPatrick's motto:"UtChristianiitae Romanisitis"-noChristianity withoutChrist'sVicar.Andas intheoldworld,sointhenew, wherevertheIrishoftheDispersionfoundanewhomeand newnationality,theybrough withthemtheirloveoffaithand loveofFatherland.Andinth sharingofthatheritageourown belovedcountry,Australia,play edaprominentpart.Thein fantChurchinAustraliawast agreatextentbornandbredo thefleshandbloodoftheIris exiles.ThousandsofPries andBrothersandNunshavemin isteredtoitforover100years untilto-day,weseeitgrownt fullmaturity,takingitsright fulplaceamongtheCatholi nationsoftheworld,singularl honouredbytheelevationofon ofitsnativebornsonstoth highestdignityoftheRom Purple.Native-bornBishops PriestsandReligiousnowcare onthetraditionshandeddownb theFaithofPatrickandproud! paytributetotheirpionee benefactors.

Andsoitisthatyou,mydes fellow-Australians,co-operatin withyourBishops,Priestsan Religiousthroughoutthelengt andbreadthofthisvastContin ent,havegatheredtogethero thisauspiciousdaytopaytri butetoPatrickandPatrick' faith.InhonouringIrelan andIreland'sPatronweare nowaydetractingfromthatfirs loveandloyaltythatweow Australia,ourownbelovedcoun try.Inpayingduehonourt ourkithandkinwearebutre payingadebttherenderingo whichwillbutincreasethees timationinwhichweareheldb ourfellow-men.Godgranttha thismayeverbeso;thatnotonl willAustraliaeverpreserveth FaithofOurFathers,buttha shewillalwayshavesuchattachmenttothatFaith,that nexttoRomanloyaltyandAustralianpatriotism,thememory ofPatrickaridtheIrishexiles willeverbepreservedasgreen asitisto-day.

iseriminations

AnnualSt.Pat'sConcert

Nearlytwothousandspectatorsenjoyedwhatwasprobably thebestSt.Patrick'sConcert heldinPerthformanyyearsat theCapitolTheatreonSunday night.

Thefirstpartoftheprogramme wasfilledbypupilsofourCatholicschoolsandthefineexecution oftheirnumbersmeritedtheprolongedapplauseofanappreciativeaudience.Theseboysand girlswereacredittothemselves,theirteachers,andtheir schools.

ThechoirofSt.Joseph's Schoolrenderedfournumbers, "HowLovelyAreThyTabernacles"(S.Liddle);"TheLastRose ofSummer"(intwoparts,arrangedbyC.E.Ford);"TheLeprechaun"(Joyce),and"OldKing Cole"(intwoparts,arrangedby CyrilJenkins).

TheboysfromC.B.C.,St. George'sTerrace,sangbeautifully.Underthecapabledirection ofRev.BrotherBrady,theysang abracketofthreenumbers,"The GartenMother'sLullaby"(arrangedbyRev.Dr.PercyJones); "AvengingandBright,"andfiinallyRichardStrauss'"Nuns' Chorus."Thislastitemdeservedandobtainedavociferousencore.

ThechoiroftheBrigidine School,Subiaco,presentedan Irishair,TheAuldPlaid Shawl,"andthiswasfollowed byagracefulnumberbySt.Brigid's,Lesmurdie,"TheFairy I'alesofIreland."

HeatherJamesgaveaselectionofIrishnumbersonhei' pianoaccordion,whichwerevery popular,andshesoonhadalarge sectionoftheaudiencesinging withher.

AnteSoljanicsangtowhatwas probablyhislargestaudienceso farinAustralia.Histwonumbers,"AveMaria"(Schubert)and "SantaLucia,"werecreditably sung,buteventhoughtheaudienceclappdforanencore,Mr. Soljaniceitherwouldnotor couldnotobligethem.

Thesecondhalfoftheprogrammewasgood.Nothingvery startling,andtheartistshaveall beenheardmanytimesandtoa greateradvantagebeforethis. Thesplendidrenderingof"Eily Mavourneen"and"Oftinthe StillyNight"byDavidLylemanagedtosavetheconcludingportionfromfallingintoarut.The eveningclosedwiththesinging of"GodSaveIreland."

"TheWayoftheCross"

ThefirstperformanceinAustraliawaspresentedduringaliturgicalfestivalinconjunction withtheHolyWeekceremonies inMelbourneintheyear1941. Suchaprofoundimpressionwas madethat,inresponsetonumerousrequests,performancesduringthefollowingyearswere madepublic.Eachyearsince thenthe"Way"hasgonetovariousparishesoftheMelbourne Archdiocese,andhascometobe regardedbymanyasanintegral partoftheirHolyWeekdevotions.

In1944thefirstperformance bytheAdelaidebranchwasalso thefirstpublicworkofTherryin SouthAustralia.Adelaideenjoystheuniquedistinctionof beingabletomakethepresentationindirectassociationwiththe TenebraedevotionsatSt.FrancisXavierCathedral.Sincethe inceptionofthebranchhere,it hasbeenthewishoftheSociety tofollowinthefootstepsofthe others,inthisregard,anditis noteworthythatthisyear,too, the"WayoftheCross"istobe

presentedinSydneyforthefirst time,bythis,ouryoungest branch.

OnWednesday,March24,a performancewillalsobegiven Subiaco,andtoasmanypeopleascanpossiblyattend,the TherrySocietyextendsaglad welcome.Admissionwillbe freeonbothoccasions,andwe sincerelytrustthat"TheWayof theCross"willbecomeapartof yourHolyWeekdevotionsasit hasdoneinMelbourneandAdelaide.

Withthepresentationbythe PerthbranchoftheTherrySocietyofHenriGheon's"Wayof theCross"atFremantle,on PalmSundayevening,Therry historywillbemadeinW.A.It willbethefirsttimethePerth branchhaspresentedthe"Way." andinsodoingatraditionalreadywellestablishedinMelbourneandmorelatterlyinAdelaide,willbeextendedtothis State. DuringsevenyearstheTherry Societyhasmade"TheWayof theCross"particularlyitsown.

FollowtheHolyWeekCeremonies

BYUSING-

THEOFFICEOFHOLYWEEK,ANDOFTHE PASCHALTRIDUUM

ACompactandCompleteGuidetotheCeremoniesof HolyWeek.

ContainstheHolyMassforeachmorning,andthe Officeforeachevening.

Printedincleartypeongoodqualitypaper.Limp clothcover-blindstampings 5/3

MEMORIALERITUUM.

AreminderoftheRitesforcarryingoutsomeofthe principalfunctionsoftheyearinsmallchurches.An EnglishtranslationbyRev.L.A.Clark 3/2

STILLAFEWEASTERGREETINGCARDSLEFT.

DoubleCard:

PictureandGreetingonthefrontandawishonthe insidepage. Avarietyofpleasingsubjects.2d.each; 1/10dozen.

FrenchFoldCard:

AmostattractivedoubleFrench-foldcard,tastefully printedinsepia. Thefrontcovershowsanappropriateillustrationand greeting,whilstthewishisontheinsidepage.Sixdif- ferentdesigns.Printedonheavy,goodquality paper.4d.each;3/8dozen. relletittini&t

776HAYSTREET,PERTH.PHONEB6655

BRANCHESATKALGOORLIEANDFREMANTLE ASSOCIATEDWITHHOUSESATSYDNEY,MELBOURNE,BRISBANE. ADELAIDE,ROCKHAMPTON,TOWNSVILLE

CurrentFilms

"LIVINGINABIGWAY" (Metro):

Inevitablythemovieswilldiscusstheaftermathofthehasty warmanages,butthistasteless blendofflippancyandfalsesentimentisfarfromilluminating.

Anex-flierfindsthatawaracquiredfamilyfortunehasturnedhiserstwhilebrideofanhour intoaself-centeredsnob,who onlywantshissignatureora divorcepaper.Hiseffortsto makeherreconsiderincludeingratiatinghimselfwithhereccentricgrandmotherandengaginginsomeextra-curricularromancing.

Beforeherinterestinanimplausiblehousingprojectforreturnedmenprovidestheleaveningagentforareconciliation, therehavebeensomedubiously funnyinterludeshighlightedby herdim-wittedmother'sineffectualattemptatperjuryandthe incongruousbutwelcomeinfectionoftwosuperblyperformed solodancesbyheroGeneKelly., MarieMcDonald,SpringBylingMarieMcDonald,SpringByringtomakethisshowapoorone.

"BEWAREOFPITY."

Formymoney,LilliPalmeris aboutassensitiveandemotionallymatureanactressasanyon to-day'sscreen.SimilarlydisposedadultsmayfindthisBritishfilmworthseeingonlyto watchherresourcefulperformanceasacrippledartisocrat tragicallyinlovewithacallow, selfimportantyoungofficerin theAustrianarmy.Somanyof thepicture'ssituations,however, dependonpreciousandlong-discardedGermanicattitudesthat ithaslittleuniversality.Its single-mindedconcernwithhammeringhomeitsthesis-thatpity istheweakandselfishshadow ofanennoblingvirtue,compas- sion-largelypreventsitfrom comingtolifeThefilmwas madeasa"tearjerker,"andperhapsitwillsucceedwithaportionoftheaudience.

"HENRYV."

Inanendeaourtocashinon thepresenceoftheOldVicCompanyinPerth,thePlazaisrepeating"HenryV.,"anexcellent film,whichdeservedabetter "box"thatitdidreceivein Perthtenmonthsago

"DECEPTION."

Ratherafittingnameforan unpleasantstoryofromanticintrigueamongstmusicians.Paul Henreid.BetteDavisandClaude Rainsaremixedupinitall,with Betteasthechiefdeceiver.The filmhasitsmomentsofdrama, chieflyduetoRains'competent acting;butthisdoeslittletooffsetthegeneralatmosphereof dishonestyanddeceit.The backgroundisnotsomuch'of musicasofmusicians,andhas acertaininterest.

HheBigNames:BetteDavis, ClaudeRains,PaulHenreid. TheVerdict:Not-very-likable romanticmix-up.

÷ DEATHS ÷

BALDWIN,Mary.-Ofyour charity,prayforthesoulof MaryBaldwin,whodiedat Kalgoorlie,February17,1948. AuntofMrs.A.Pownall,Kalamunda,andMrs.J.Dolan, Kalgoorlie.

O'DONNELL,JamesJoseph.-Of yourcharity,prayforthesoul ofJamesJoseph,whopassed awayonMarch9,lovinghusbandofMyrtle,andfatherof Bryan,KyranandBevan. InPeace.

O'DONNELL-OnMarch9, passedpeacefullyaway,James Joseph,belovedsonofthelate MichaelandMargaret,fond brotherofMartin(deceased), SisterMaryJerome(deceased), SisterMaryArnoul(Kalgoorlie),Katherine(deceased), Cornelius,andSisterMary Evangelist(Lesmurdie). Prayforhim.

SPRUHAN.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofLaurenceLucasSpruhan, whodiedastheresultofanaccient,atBrokenHill,N.S.W., onFebruary27.Lovedbrother ofGeorge(deceased),Michael (deceased!),Matthew(deceased),Kit(Mrs.M.Fitzgerald-deceased),andFrank(Wyong, N.S.W.).

Mayherestinpeace.

STENSON.-OnNovember21, suddenly,BridgetStenson,of 606Hay-street,Perth. MyJesus,mercy. -InsertedbyMaryHerlihy, 197Lord-street,Perth.

÷INMEMORIAM÷

BROWN,LeonardJames.-01 yourcharity,prayforthereposeofthesoulofourdearly lovedbrotheranduncle,Len, whodepartedthislifeon March19,1947.

MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingsister, Kath.Gough,andfamily,also neice,JeanJermyn,andfamily.

COWCHER.-Inlovingmemory ofourdearsonandbrother, Horace,whopassedaway March8,1930. Alwaysrememberedbyhis lovingmother,father,brothers Will,Gus,Lance,andVern, antisisters-in-law,Ellieand Katie.

O'BRIEN,Stephen.-Ofyourcharity,prayforthesoulof Stephen,lovinghusbandof Kitty,andbelovedfatherof Mary,Jim,andKathleen O'Brien,whodiedonMarch25, 1947 Mayherestinpeace.

WANTED.

Schools'BroadcastsSupervisor, transferredfromAdelaide,wants rentunfurnishedhouseorflat, withtwobedrooms;goodlocality.'PhoneNoonan,Australian BroadcastingCommission,B8147.

Elderlywidow,tworeturned sons,requireshouse,metropolitan area(nearMaylandsChurchif possible).RingB3253.

Catholicgirlrequiresthree months'board,asfromApril'3, 1948,withquietR.C.family,at Scarborough.

YoungR.C.couple,marrying mid-April,urgentlyrequireS.C. flat,house,orhalfhouse;separatekitchenfacilities;rentalin advanceifrequired.PleasereplyMJ,thi3office.

ENGAGEMENT.

Theengagementisannounced ofMissMarieThereseBouffler, youngestdaughterofthelate Mr.andMrs.W.E.Bouffler,of Orange,N.S.W.,toFrancisJosephBoswell,onlysonofthe lateMr.andMrs.J.Boswell,of HighgateHill,W.A.

BOARDANDLODGING.

Younglady,takingupposition inPerthinfewweeks,wants aboveinCatholichome,fairlynearcity.ApplyH.P.E.,this office.

SITUATIONSVACANT.

Positionfornicelocalorcountrygirl,indentist'shome,tohelp inthehouseandlookaftertwo babies;ownroom;closetransportandR.C.Church.

11,

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS.

EverygoodwishtoPatWhitely,ourDiocesanSecretary,who announcedherengagementrecentlytoRonFlanagan,ofMount Lasktey. MeetingtobeheldatHeadquarters: "MarianLodge"Committee: Friday,March19,at6p.m.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

ACarnivalDancewillbeheld inLeedervilleonEasterMonday night.AllLeedervillemembers andthoseofotherbranchesare askedtoattendandmakethis asuccess.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

Thebranchmeetingheldon Tuesday,March16,wasvery wellattended.Electionstook place,andthefollowingofficers havebeenappointed:President, ThelmaMurray;secretary,VeronicaLowry;treasurer,WinifredCranley; propagandist, TheresaLowry;assistantsecretary,SybilPerkins;warden,PamelaByrth.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

TheCatholicTeachers'Guild wereprivilegedtolistentoa mostinstructiveaddressbyMr. Webster,anotedrecentarrival fromIndia,on"LifeinIndiain itsvariousaspects,andmoreparticularlyontheEducationSystemasitwassetupinhisprovince." Membersareremindedthat nextweekbeingHolyWeek, therewillbenomeetingonTuesdayevening.

DearCorneritea

Theyearisslippingbyrapidly.SoonitwillbeEaster,and afterthatthetermholidays.I amremindedofaclock1once sawsomewhere-aclockwithno hands.Insteadwaswritten acrossthedial:"Itismuchlater thanyouthink."

Thisisasoberingreflection,a thoughttomakeusthinkrather moredeeplythanperhapsweare accustomedtothink.Lentisa timeforsuchthoughts,soI makenoapologyifIshakeyou upalittle.Itisbetterthat weshouldstingourselvesthan bestungbyGod.

InPassiontide,inthoselast fewdaysprecedingthesad eventsofHolyWeek,weought totaketoheartthewordsof HolyScripture:

"Remember,man,thylastend andthoushaltneversin."

Whenweareyoungthedays seemlongandtheyearsalmost endless.Yeteveryoneofus knowsthatdeathmaytakeplace atanymoment,andthatafter deathcomesthejudgment.We havenoneedtobefrightenedof thesethingsifwearefriendsof Jesus;andnomatterhowmuch wehaveoffendedHiminthe past,Heisreadytonumberus amongHisfriendsifwewillbut resolveNOWtoserveHimfaithfullybykeepingHiscommandments.Canwenotfeellovefor ourSaviourwhenwethinkofall thesufferingsHewentthrough forloveofus-sothatNeemight havethechancetobewithHim foreveringlory?

DearCornerites,reflectseriouslyuponChrist'ssacrificeas wefollowtheeventsofHisPassionintheneatfewdays.Let Hissufferingswringtearsfrom us-tearsofrepentanceforall ourcoldnesstowardsHim.Letus makeupourmindstoliveclose toHimfortheremainderofour lives.Andremember!-Itis muchlaterthanyouthink.-

Sincerely,

AUNTBESSY.

BUSHIES' CORNER

Thefollowingdonationstothe Busbies'Schemefor1948have beengratefullyreceived:

Previouslyacknowledged 15

H.MaryMannix

Wellwisher(Vic.Park)

LynnBirch

s.d. 40 70 50 26

Total £15186

bildreds

1- AuntBessy's LETTERBOX

25ManglerAvenue,Claremont.

DearAuntBessy,-Hereisthe 2/6myfriendsgavemeforthe Bushies.Theygavemehalfpenniesandpennies.Whenthey havehadarestIwillwritefor anothercard,andyouwillgeta finelongletterfrom LYNNBIRCH.

DearLynn,-Thankyouforreturningyourcardsopromptly. Iwillbewaitingtohearfrom youagain.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

Perth.

DearAuntBessy,-To-day therewillbealotoftalkabout cricket.Granthinksitistoo rough.Shereadinthepaper twicelatelywheretheybowleda maidenover."Notasuitable gameforgirls."Butwhenshe sawhernephew,playingshe thoughthowcleveritwasofhim. "Hehitthebateverytime."

Anothernephewofherswrote homesayinghowhotitwasin theshade."Thenwhygointo theshade askedherlittle niece.

DearAuntBettay,thatstoryof St.AnthonyGuidewasagood one.Pleasetellusanother. OneofmynamesisJoseph,soif youwilltellussomethingabout himitwouldpleasealltheboys ofthatnamewhoreadyour page.Sistertoldusinschool thatweshouldaskhimtobe withusatourlasthourbecause hehadsuchawonderfuldeath himself.ThentheBrotherstold usthatwecouldalwaysgethis helpwhenwewerehardup.He usedtoprovideeverythingfor theHolyFamilywhenhewason earth.Ofcourse,hecando moreforusnow.Yes,whatyou ,,ayaboutSt.Patrickisvery true.Hisworkwasgreatly blessedbecausehewasagreat manofprayer.Thereisareal wayofdoinggood;itisbyprayer.Soprayhardforusall,dear AuntBessy,especiallyforthose howantalotofhelplike

PAULPRY.

DearPaul,-1willendeavour tosaysomethingaboutSt.Josephinthisissue;butasamat-

(he Advertising Rates

Birth,Engagement,Marriage,Death,Funeral,InMemoriamand

BereavementNotices:4s.for35words;ld.perwordover. (EngagementsAnnouncementsmustbesignedbybothparties).

ReportsofFunerals:3s.persinglecolumninch(40wordstoan inch).

teroffactI'mbeingawfully hardpressedinotherdirections thisweek,andsoImaynotget roundtowritingmuchatall. However,restassuredSt.Joseph willbehighuponthepriority

list. Weshouldcertainlynot neglecthim. Thankyouforwritingand keepingusinagoodhumourwith youramusinganecdotes.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

ST.JOSEPH

FeastDayon-March19

Christ'sDoctrine CannotbeReconciled WithRedMaxims

PopeWarns1,500Tramwaymen.

"Inspiteofdeclarationstothe contrary,which,perhaps,may circulateamongyou,thedoctrine ofChrist,thedoctrineoftruth, cannotbereconciledwithmaterialisticmaxims,"saidHisHolinessPopePiusXII.,addressing 1,500Romantramwaymeninaudiencerecently."Toadhereto thesemaxims,willinglyorunwilingly,consciouslyornot, meanstodeserttheChurchand toceasetobeCatholic."

CardinalSchuster,Archbishop ofMilan,instructedhisclergyto refuseabsolutiontoCommunists andtomembersofmovements contrarytoCatholicismincases wheretheyformallyadheretoerrorsinthesedoctrinesandwhen theyco-operate,evenifonly materially,especiallywiththeir votes,andafterrefusingtodiscontinueco-operationafterbeing warned.TheCardinal,inthe sameletter,toldCatholicsthatit wasgravelyunlawfultovotefor candidatesoralistofcandidates manifestlyopposedtothe Church.

TenCardinalsDead Since1945

WiththedeathofCardinalDi Belmonte(anouncedrecently), tenmembersoftheSacredCollegehavediedsinceChristmas, 1945,whenPopePiusXII.announcedthecreationof32new Cardinals.Sincethen,thenumberofCardinalshasdecreasedto sixty.Thefollowinghavediet:

PietroCardinalBoetto,S.J., ArchbishopofGenoa,Italy,died January31.19,!6,beforetheCon,istory.

JohnCardinalGlennon,ArchbishopofSt.Louis,Mo.,diedin Ireland,March9,1946,onhis returnfromtheConsistory.

WeddingReports:3s.persinglecolumninchforspaceusedby blockandletterpress,pluscostofphoto.block.Reportswithoutphoto4s.perinch.ReportstobesanctionedbyParish Priest. forSale,ToLet,Situations(WantedorVacant),andBoardand Residence:20wordsfor2/6;over20,ld.perwordextra.

SchoolResultsmustbeaccompaniedbyletterofauthorisation andmustbetypewrittenorinblockletters,andwillbepublishedintheorderreceivedatthisoffice.

ContractRatesforGeneralAdvertisingonapplicationtoAdvertisingManager.

TheManagementreservestherighttorefuseanyadvertisement itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagement,whileexercisingeverycare,acceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissions whichmayoccurinadvertisements.

AllEnquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedtothe AdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"BoxA35,G.P.0Perth. TELEPHONEB6950

ST.JOSEPH,GUARDIANOFTHEHOLYFAMILY,PROTECTUS.

OurpositiveknowledgeofSt. Joseph'slifeisveryrestricted. Weknowhimtobethefoster fatherofJesus,andHolyScripturespeaksofhimas"ajust man."Hemustcertainlyhave beenamanofthehighestintegrityandstrengthofcharacterto havebeenentrustedwiththe mostimportanttaskoflooking aftertheHolyFamily.Our Ladyalwaystreatedhimwith greatrespectandaccordedhim alltherightsandprivilegesof hispositionasheadofthatfamily.Jesus,too,lovedandobeyedhim,justasweallshouldlove andobeyourearthlyparents. Jesusfollowedhistradeandis sometimesreferredtoastheCarpenterofNazareth.

WeknowthatJosephwasdirectedfromheaven-bymeans ofangelicvisions-totakeflight intoEgypttoprotectOurLord, andafterwardstoreturntoPalestine.Weknowthathewas presentatBethlehemwhenOur Lordwaslaidinthemangerand theshepherdscametoadore Him,thathewaspresentalso whentheInfantwaslaidinthe armsofholy.Simeon,andfinally,thathesharedMary'ssorrowatthelossofherSon,and herjoywhentheyfoundHim debatingintheTemplewiththe doctors.Therestislargelysilence.

Therecanbenoquestion,however,aboutthepopularityofdevotiontoSt.Josephthroughtha ages.Rightfromtheearliest timesoftheChristianChurchhe hasbeenconsideredastrongadvocateinheaven.In1621Pope GregorymadeSt.Joseph'sfeast aholidayofobligation,and thoughthisisnolongerthecase therehasbeennoslackeningof confidenceonthepartofhisin-

numerableclients.Thegreat enthusiasmdisplayedbySt.TeresahasmadeaprofoundimpressionthroughouttheChurch. St.Josephisspeciallyvenerated inconnectionwithprayersfora happydeath,andPopePiusIX. hasproclaimedhimPatronofthe UniversalChurch.

CardinalVisitsFleet

CardinalGriffinofferedMass aboardtheAnson(battleship) whenhepaidaninformalvisit recentlytothetrainingsquadron atPortland:HisEminencewas theguestofRear-AdmiralP.K. Enright,C.B.E.,R.N.,flagofficertothesquadron,whoisaCatholic.TheCardinalspentthe nightaboardtheship.

HisEminencewasmetatWeymouthbythesquadi-onchaplain, FatherMichaelBarry,andonthe quarter-deckbytheadmiraland seniorofficers.

LaterHisEminencevisitedthe battleshipHoweandtheaircraftcarrierVictorious,andaddressed theCatholicpersonnel,recalling hisbeingattachedtotheRoyal NavalAirServiceduringthe FirstWorldWar.

Intheeveninghewasentertainedtodinneronboardthe Anson,andthefollowingmorningmadeanextensivetourofthe ship,includinganinspectionof ItsCatholicchapel,forwhichhe promisedhewouldsendastatue ofOurLadyStaroftheSea.

FatherBarrysaid:"HisEminencenevertiredofclimbingladders,goingdownhatchesand wanderingthroughmessdecks andtalkinghereandthereto flicersandmen."

KlemensAugustCardinalvon Galen,BishopofMuenster,Germany,outspokenopponentofthe Nazis,diedMarch22,1946.

EnricoCardinalGasparri,PrefectoftheSupremeCourtofthe "SegnaturaApostolica,"nephew ofthefamousPietroCardinal Gasparri(who,asCardinalSecrearyofState,negotiatedaffd signedtheLateranTreaties), diedMay20,1946.

AgostinoCardinalParradoy Garcia,ArchbishopofGranada, Spain,diedOctober8,1946.

CamilloCardinalCacciaDominioni,atthePapalCuria,died November12.1946.

RodrigueCardinalVilleneuve, O.M.I.,ArchbishopofQuebec, Canada,diedearlyin1947.

CarloCardinalSalotti,Prefect oftheCongregationofRites, diedOctober,1947.

PierreCardinalPetitdeJulieville,Archbishop ofRouen, France,diedDecember,1947.

JanuariusCardinalGreat° PignatellidiBelmonte,Deanof theSacredCollege,diedFebruary,1948.