The Record Newspaper 10 July 1947

EightNationsCelebrate CorpusChristiatHiroshima

W.A.AirmanRepresentsAustralia

Airmenandsoldiersfrom England,India,Australia,InlandandNewZealandwere amonghundredsofCatholicmen, womenandchildrenofninenationswhorecentlycelebratedthe FeastofCorpusChristiin;he groundsoftheJesuitNovitiate, whichisperchedonawooden hillsideafewmilesnorthof Hiroshima.

Theywerefriendsandenemiesofeachotherwhohadbeen throwntogetherbythewar. ManywereReligiousflotsam fromtheso-called"NewOrders."

TherewereFrenchNunsfrom theHiroshimaConventwhohad spentelevenyearsinwar-torn China;MonksfromSpainand Germany.who,persecutedby Fascism,hadfledtotheFarEast andfoundsanctuaryinaBuddistandShintocountry;children madehomelessandparentlessby theatombomb,andnowcared forintheCatholicMonastery.

ThecelebrantwasaSpanish priest,whohadbeenforcedto leavehiscountryduringthecivil warofthemiddle1930's;thedeaconwasanR.A.F.Padrefrom BCAIRStation,Iwakuni,SquadronLeadertheRev.M.J. O'Brien,ofKing'sTerrace,Waterford,Eire;thesub-deaconwas

UBSCRIBERS

inrelationto

ayoungJapanese,whohadremainedfaithfultoChristianity inthefaceofthreatsandpressurefromtheJapanese"Thought Police"beforeandduringthe war.

Holdingthecanopyoverthe celebrantandtwodeaconswere fourBritishCommonwealthOccupationForcemen,WingCommanderD.F.S.Show,ofSurrey, U.K.;WingCommanderS.J. Quill(ofInvercargill,NewZealand;WarrantOfficerE.B.Robertson,ofLucknow,India;and L.A.C.McAdam,of98Angovestreet,NorthPerth,W.A.

MostoftheJapanesecongregationwereyouthsandyoung girlsdressedinclothescuttoa roughEuropeanstyle,withhere andthereoldermenandwomen, wearingkimonosandwalking solemnlyinprocessiontelling theirrosaries.

Flowergirls;theirheadsand shouldersshroudedinwhitelace veils,scatteredpetalsatthe altarsandbehindthechanting choir.

Peasantsii,thefloodedpaddy fieldsbelowthemonasteryoccasionallyglanceduptowatchthe processionasitslowlywendedits wayalongtheearthenpath,then benttheirhacksagaintoplant riceseedlingsinthemud.

HolyFatherProclaims TwoNewSaints

AParishPriestwhoFought Jansenism

OnSundaylasttheHolyFatheraddedtwomorenamestothe rollofSaints:thatofFatherMichaelGaricoits,founderofthe InstituteofAuxiliaryPriestsoftheSacredHeart,andElizabeth BichierdesAnges,co-foundressoftheFrenchCommunityofthe DaughtersoftheCross. SAINTMICHAELGARICOITS, CONF.(A.D.1863).

Towardsthecloseofthe eighteenthcentury,andinthe earlypartofthenineteenth, therewaslivingintheLower PyreneesatthehamletofIbarra, afamilyofpoorpeasantsnamed Garicoits.Theircottagewas humbleenoughtohumaneyes, butGod'sblessingmusthave resteduponit,becauseitshospitabledoorwasalwaysopento receivetheproscribedpriests, who,fromtimetotime(luring theFrenchRevolution,andthe yearsimmediatelyfollowing, cametoministerinsecrettothe faithful.

HereonApril15,1797,there wasborntoArnoldandGratianne Garicoitstheireldestson,Michael.Lifeishardinthose mountainregions,andtheboy wasamerechildwhenhewas hiredouttobeshepherdboytoa farmer.Hisownoftenexpress- eddesirewastobeapriest,but hisparentsalwaysreplied,"No, wearetoopoor."

Theoldgrandmotherthoughtotherwise.Onedayshewent totalkthematteroverwiththe parishpriestofSt.Palais,whoin timespasthadoftenfounda hiding-placeintheGaricoits'cottage.Throughhiseffortsthe boywasreceivedfirstintothe CollegeofSt.PalaisandafterwardsatBayonne,arrangements havingbeenmadethatheshould henochargeuponhisparents, butshouldearnhisexpensesby workingoutofschoolhoursfor thepriestsandinthebishop's kitchen.Itwasastrenuoustime fortheyoungpeasant,buthe wascleverandhealthy.

Moreover,hewasworkingto attainhisheart'sdesire. - PhilosophyhestudiedatAireand theologyinthegrandseminary atDax,wherehewasnicknamed "OurAloysiusGonzaga."Whilst stillaseminaristhetookaclass inapreparatoryschoolnearby, andinDecember,1823,hewasordainedpriestinBayonneCathe- dralbyBishopd'Astros.His firstparochialexperiencewas gainedatCambo,whitherhewas senttoactasvacairetothecure, whowasinfeeblehealth.In thetwoyearsheremainedthere hedidmuchtorevivereligion,combatingJansenismbythecustomoffrequentCommunionas wellasbyintr011ucingSacred Heartdevotions.Hetackled freethinkerswithsomuchfervourthatoneofthemwasheard toexclaim."Thatdevilwould givehislifetosavethesoulof anenemy.,."

FatherGaricoit'snextcallwas toaprofessorshipintheGreat SeminaryforpriestsatBetharram,andthentobesuperioracongenialpostwhichhefilled withconspicuousabilityandsuccess.Thebishop,however,suddenlydecidedtomergetheseminarywiththatofBayonne,and St.Michaelfoundhimselfwith twootherpriestsleftaloneto carryontheservices.During thisperiod,whenhewasmoreor lessstranded,therebegantotake shapeinhismindaschemefor trainingprieststodomission workamongthepeople.With

twoorthreecompanionshe startedtoliveacommunitylife, andthen,inorderMathemight betterknowGod'swilLhewent toToulousetoattendaRetreat givenbyFatherLeBlanc-a Jesuit.Tothisgoodpriesthe openedhisheart,andwasencouragedtopersevere."You willbethefatherofaCongre- tionthatwillbeoursister,"said theJesuit,andFatherGaricoits drewupin1838aconstitution largelybasedonthatofthesons ofSt.Ignatius.

Likethem,hismissionaries weretotakelifevowsandto spreadfarandwide.AssociatesgatheredroundhimatBetharram,andallseemedpromisingwhenacheckcamefroman unexpectedquarter.Thebishop,whohadbeenhispatron andhadordainedhim,wasreplacedbyanotherwhoviewed withdisapprovalhisideaof foundinganewCongregation. Hisconstitutionsweresubjected toafundamentalrevision.He wastoldtoconfinehimselftothe diocese,andtoworkonlyunder thedirectionofthebishop.Not till1852wasthecommunityallowedtochooseitsownsuperior,andeventhenitwastieddown byregulationswhichhampered itsactivity.FatherGaricoitssubmitted,but withaheavyheart."Whatpangs accompanythebirthofacongre- gation!"heoncesaidtooneof hissons;butgenerallyhebore histrialsinsilence.Hediedon AscensionDay,May14,1863,at Betharrarn.Fourteenyears later,inSeptember,1877,theInstituteofAuxiliaryPriestsof theSacredHeartwasapproved inRome,andsanctionedasasep- aratecongregationonthelines St.Michaelhadlaiddown.

SovietSendsa"Religious TaskForce"toAmerica

TrueRussianChurchUnderground

MetropolitanGregory,ofLeningrad,arepresentativeofthe Soviet-dominatedMoscowPatriarchateoftheRussianOrthodoxChurch,isonhiswayto Americaandatourofthe300 RussianOrthodoxparishesinthe UnitedStates,Canada,andAlaska.

TheimminentvisitoftheRussianchurchmanhasoccasioneda statementbyArchbishopVitaly, ofNewYork,onbehalfofthe fourArchbshopsoftheRussian OrthodoxChurchinAmerica, that"thetrueAmericanOrthodoxChurchwasnotandisnot subjecttotheMoscowPatriarchate...thetruechurchinRussiaisunderground."

RecognisedinU.S.

ArchbishopVitalycriticisedtheactionofhischurch'sEcclesiasticalSobor(formalAssembly)in"recognising"theMoscowPatriarchAlexisasspiritual headofthechurchinAmerica. Hesaidthatthisaction,takenat ClevelandlastNovember,wasin violationofcanonlaw,hasbeen revokedbytheAmericanArchbishops,supremegoverningbody oftheRussianOrthodoxChurch outsideofRussia.

TheMoscowPatriarchate, throughthevisitofMetropolitanGregory,seekstoestablisha relationshipwiththeAmerican Orthodoxgroupinordertoraise itsownprestigeintheeyesoftheRussianpeopleandotherbelieversinEuropeandtheNear East,ArchbishopVitalyexplained.

SufferanceofKremlin.

"Itshouldbeborneinmind," headdedinhisstatement,"that morethan200bishopsofthe RussianOrthodoxChurchare stillinRussiaonlyonsufferance oftheKremlin.Theyhavepur-chasedtheirfreedomattheprice ofpoliticalsubservience.Ninetenthsoftheclergy,however, whowereimprisonedundervariouswavesofpersecution,stillrefusetocompromise,andcontinue theirviadolorosauntildeath.

Apostates.

"ThetrueAmericanOrthodox ChurchwasnotandisnotsubjecttotheMoscowPatriarchate. ThetruechurchinRussisisun-

derground.ItwouldbetreacheryagainstthenewChristian martyrswholanguishinRussian prisonstorecognisetheapostate RedChurch.

"TheactionoftheCleveland Soborin'recognising'Moscow wastheproductofthefamiliar techniquesbywhichCommunist minoritiescontrollethargicmajoritiesinotherfields.Strange emotionalappeal,basedonlove ofhomeland,wasusedwithskilfuleffect.Afalsepictureofa freechurchinRussiawasbrazenlypainted,"

ReligiousTaskForce.

ArchbishopVitalystatedthat MetropolitanGregorywillbeaccompaniedtoAmericabyagroup ofsecretarieswho"willbeno strangerstotheKremlin."This "religioustaskforce,"he..said, willattempttoestablishperman- entrelationswith,and"political controlover,"theRussianOrthodoxChurchinAmerica.

AIMOFCHRISTIANDEMOCRATS.

"Wehaverepeatedlybeenaccusedofweakness,indecisionand loveofcompromise,"saidPremierdeGasperiinarecentaddress."Butourquestfora middlelinederivesfromthesame ideathatinspired'RerumNovarum.'Socialjusticemustbe attainedwithoutlossofliberty.

"Wehavecollaboratedwith everybody,showingmuchpatienceandtolerance.Wearestill willingtodoourdutytoour country;butitisnottruethat wewanttoimposeourdomination uponothersorseizedominating position.WeChristianDemocratswillcontinuetodoourduty whenevertheneedofthecountrydemandsit...

"Foruspoliticalactionisnot anendinitself,butaninstrumentforsocialprogress.There arevictoriesandsetbacksinpoli- ticallife.However,wemean togoonworkingtowinforthe Italianpeopletheirrighttolive andtokeepChristiancivilisation upright."

SevennationalitiesattheBenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament. Lettorightare:LACP.F.McAdam(Australia);theDeacon, FatherM.J.O'Brien(Ireland);WarrantOfficerE.B.Robertson (India);thecelebrant,FatherAruppe(Spain);WingCommanderS.G.Quill(NewZealand);WingCommanderD.F.S.Shaw (England).

TheMilitiaofMary TheWearingoftheBrownScapular

areligiousbodyororderthat tracesitsoriginbacktoElias, thegreatprophetoftheOldTestament.EliasdweltonMount CarmelintheHolyLand,living asaintlylifeofprayerandpenance,andthefameofhisholinessgatheredaroundhimmany disciples.Towardstheendof hislife,Eliaswasmystically shownthefutureVirgin-Mother ofGod,andeversincehisfollowershavebeenforemostamongstherloversandchildren,It isbecauseoftheirdevotionto Marythattheyreceivedthe name,approvedbytheChurch, "TheBrothersofOurLadyof MountCarmel,'orbriefly,"Carmelites."

IntheChurchofGodthereisWhatmoredistinctiveCarmelitepracticethanardentdevotiontoMary,outwardlyproclaimedbythewearingofher Giftafterofficialenrolmentin thathabitoftheOrder,the Scapular!Andso,almostfrom thedayoftheVisionin1251,till now,menandwomenofevery rank,classandprofessionhave, inoneorotherofthetwoways, claimedtheScapularandconsidereditanhonourtowear Mary'sbadge-Forthese,The sizeoftheoriginalgarmentabouteighteenincheswide,and reachingfromtheshouldersalmosttotheground-hasbeenso reducedastobequiteinconspicuouswhenwornnextornear theskin.

Inthetwelfthandthirteenth centuries,Mosleminvasionof theHolyLandanddeadlypersecutionforcedthemtoleave MountCarmelandtomigrateto ChristianEurope.Heretney foundconditionsverydifferent fromthosetheyhadknowninthe East,andsomechangeintheir wayoflifebecamenecessary. ThisquestionledtomuchdissensionwithintheOrder,asit meantgivinguppartofatreasuredtradition.Moreover,the adventofthenewcomerswasresentedbymanyinEurope,who setaboutseekingtheirsuppression.

1.-ETERNALeSALVATION.

Facedbygravedangers,withinandwithouttheOrder,the Prior-General,St.SimonStock, turnedinearnestprayertoOur BlessedLady,theunfailingprotectressoftheCarmelites.

OurBlessedI,adyappearedto him,accompaniedbyamultitude ofangels,and"holdinginhe blessedhandstheScapularofthe CarmeliteOrder,andsaying: 'Thiswillbetoyou,andallCarmelites,aprivilege,thatwhosoeverdiesinthisScapularshall notsuffereternalfire'"(i.e., whosoeverwearsthisbadgeof theMotherofCod,notpresumptuouslyrelyingontheScapular asonamiraculousamulet,but walkinginthepathofGod's Commandmentsandtrustfully confidinginthegoodnessand powerofMary,maysecurely hopethatMarywill,throughher powerfulintercession,procure forhimallthenecessarygraces fortrueconversionand perseveranceingoodandthuspreservehimfromhell.)

St.Simonjoyfullytoldthe visiontohisCarmelitebrothers, exhortingthemtomakethemselvesworthyofOurLady'spromises.Theyshouldconform theirlivestoMary's,andsobe herfaithfulchildrenandthedevotedservantsofherDivineSon, puttingintopracticetheCarmeliteprinciple:"ThroughMaryto Jesus."

WonderfulChange.

TheScapularrapidlybrought aboutawonderfulchangeinthe Order,ItistoMary'sScapularthatMary'sOrderowes,not onlyitscontinuedexistence,but itsuniqueplaceinecclesiastical historyandintheChurchto-day. Problem.

TheprivilegesoftheScapular, however,couldnotberestricted totheCarmeliteOrder-thejoy ofbeingclothedinagarment givenpersonallybyourMother herself,thehonourofbeingenrolledamongsthermostloved children,andofwearingtheuniformofherspecialregiment,the powerfulhelpofherprotection atthecriticalhourofdeaththeseweretoogreattobeconfinedtoalimitedbodyofmen andwomen.Thewholeworld desired-andneeded-theScapular!YettheScapularwas givenbyOurLadyexpresslyonly toCarmelites.Whatsolution wastheretothisdifficulty?

Solution.

Itwassimple:leteveryone become,inasense,aCarmelite, eitherbyfollowing,insofaras one'sstateoflifeallows,theCarmeliteRuleasitisobservedby priestsandbrothersoftheFirst Order,andnunsoftheSecond Order,andthusformingaThird Orderoflayfolk;orbyaffiliation inalessrigidway,undertaking somedistinctivelyCarmelite practice,andthusforminga ConfraternityorBrotherhood.

IL-SABBATINEPRIVILECIR.

Withinalifetimeofthefirst appearanceofOurLadytoSt. Simon,promisingprotection fromHellsheappearedagain, thistimetoPopeJohnXXII.,in theyear1322,promisingtothe wearersoftheScapularspeedy releasefromPurgatory,particularlyonSaturday,oncertain conditionsbeingfulfilled.This promiseiscalledtheSabbatine (i.e.,Saturday)Privilege.The HolySeeexplainifittomean "thattheBlessedVirginwillassistbyhercontinualintercession, suffragesandmerits,andalsoby ,herspecialprotection!,particularlyonSaturday(whichday hasbeendedicatedtotheMost HolyVirginbytheChurch),the soulsofthosebrethrenandmembersoftheConfraternitywho departthislifeincharityand who,whilstlivingonearth, (a)havewointhehabit (i.e.,theScapular), (h)observedchastityaccordingtotheirstateinlife.

(c)andwhoshallhaverecitedtheLittleOffice,or,if theydonotknowhowtoread, shallhaveobservedthefasts oftheChurchandshallhave abstainedfromfleshmeatson WednesdayandSaturdays(unlessthefeastoftheNativity ofOurLordiscelebratedon oneofthosedays)."This lastconditionofabstinence canbechangedbyanyconfessor(evenoutsidetheconfes. sional)foranygoodreason intotheperformanceofsome othergoodwork,e.g.,thedaily recitationoffivedecadesof theRosaryorsevenPaters, AyesandGlorias;theconditionoftheLittleOffice(of OurLady-notoftheImmaculateConception)canbechangedinthesamewaybyany priestwhohasthisspecial faculty.

Theothertwoconditionsofthe SabbatinePrivilege,bothof whichcannotbechanged,arethe faithfulwearingoftheScapular (oratleastoftheScapular medal)aftervalidenrolment; andtheobservanceofchastity accordingtoone'sstateinlife. Purity.

Neitherdoesthesecondconditionofchastityplaceuponus anyaddedburden.Rather,it givesusanadditionalmotivefor keepingintactthisvirtuethat, attimes,isofitselfsodifficult topractise.Chastityaccording toone'sstatemeanssimplythat eachmustkeeptheSixthand NinthCommandmentsinasfar asthesebindoneindividually, accordingasheorsheissingle, married,widowed,ordedicated toGodbythesacredvowsof thepriesthoodorofholyreligion.

III.-INDULGENCES.

Asacramentalsoendowed'by Marycouldnotpassunhonoured bytheChurch.TotheScapular,shehasattachedinnumerableindulgences.TheFirstand SecondOrdersshareinthese fully;theThirdOrderlessso, theConfraternityto&lesser extentagain.Butevenso,the ordinaryScapular-wearermay gainaboutahundredplenaryindulgencesayearontheusual conditionsofConfession,Communion,prayerforthePope'sintentions,andperformanceofany goodwork(e.g.,avisittnat maybeprescribed.)

PartialIndulgences.

Thesecanbegainedonnearly onehundreddaysintheyear(10 yearsand10quarantines);even

foreachactofpietyorcharity asoftenasitisdonewithacontriteheart(100days);oras oftenasonedevoutlykissesthe Scapular(500days).

IV.-CONCESSIONS.

Inadditiontoalltheforegoing benefits,faithfulandcontinual wearersoftheScapularenjoy thefollowingconcessions:

(a)Ashareinthegood worksoftheentireCarmelite Orderandof numberingtheConfraternity sometwohundred million(200,000,000)members;

(b)remembranceafter death:dailyintheprayersof theOrder;ninetimesayear inaRequiemOfficeandMass; onceayearintheSolemn CommemorationofAllSouls oftheCarmeliteOrder(midNovember);

(c)allMassescelebrated forthereposeofthesoulsof thedeceasedmembersofthe Confraternitycarrywiththem aplenaryindulgence.

(d)eachmembercan,atthe hourofdeathobtaintheGeneralAbsolutionandPlenary indulgencefromANYpriest; (e)alltheindulgences,with theexceptionoftheplenaryat thehourofdeath,areapplicabletotheHolySoulsinPuy gatory. Piano

WEREOURANCESTORS

WRONG?

"1'.S.,"Cottesloe:

"A,R.C.friendsaysthatprior totheReformation,England wasRomanCatholic,asthat religionispractisedto-day."

A.:Yes,thatisquitetrue. Englandwasoneofthe.fairest jewelsintheCatholicChurch; shewasknowntotheMiddle Agesas"TheDowryofMary," sogreatwasthedevotionof EnglishmentotheBlessedVirgin,andsodearwasshetothe heartsofthePopes.

"Ifthatistrue-anditseems inconceivable-whofoundout thatourancestorswere wrong?"

EVERY SUNDAY FROM9P.M EVE STATIONS E9R-611. **4***".::::::0.,

A.:Whichdoyoumean,"T.

S.,"yourCatholicancestorsor yourProtestantancestors?It makesadifferenceyouknow.I wouldsuggestthatyourreadin somereliablehistoriananaccountofthereligiousrevoltof the16th.century,whichresulted finallyinthelossoftheCatho: licFaithbytheEnglish.people. Itismuchtoolongandtoocomplicatedaquestiontotreatin fullovertheair.

Youconcludeyourletter:

"Itcomesasashocktofind thattheywerewrong,andthat ittooksolongtofinditout."

A.:Thegreatestshockofall istofindout,asthethousands ofconvertstotheCatholic Faithyearlyfindout,thatafter alltheirCatholicancestorswere rightandthattheReformation wasaghastlytragedy.

HighestCommonFactOrs ofDoctrinesSuggested

CHURCHCANNOTCOMPROMISEINFAVOUROFUNITY

"United,"Subiaco:

"WhydoestheCatholicChurch notinitiateaconferenceofall theChristianChurches,find outwhatdoctrinesallChristiansagreeabout,andabandontherest?"

A.:Thepr'ncipalreasonwhy theChurchdoesnotactinthat wayis'hattodosowouldbeto disobeythecommandofHer founder,JesusChrist,Hiscommandwas:"Go.teachallnations, toobserveallthingswhatsoever Ihavecommandedyou."(Matt. XXVIII.,20.)WhattheCatholic Churchteachesisjustthat, nothingmoreandnothingless. Shecandonootherwithoutbeingunfaithfultothecommand oftheMaster.Perhapsthereis somethinginwhatyousayabout thereneverhavingbeensucha favourabletimefortheunionof thechurches,since,asyouput it,thetimecalledReformation.

Ifthatisso,thenitmustbebecausethemembersofthevarious sectstowhichtheprinciplesoftheReformationgavebirthare comingtoseethatthoseprinciplescanleadonlytochaos.The veryexistenceofthesectsisthe proofofthis.Christdidnot foundamultiplicityofchurches. HefoundedoneChurch,which wastoremaintotheendoftime tocarryontheworkwhichHe cameintotheworldtodo.In orderthatthatChurchmightbe capableofthattask,HeendoweditwithinfallibilityandpromisedHiscontinualpresenceto preservethatChurchagainstall foestilltimeshouldbenomore. IftheChurchwhichChristestablishedisnottobefoundin theworldto-day,thenChristhas failedinHismission.But Chris'isCod,whatHesaysis necessarilytrue,whatHepro- misesmustcometopass.And sothatChurchwhichHefoundedtoenduretotheendofthe worldandtobethedepositoryof Histruthdossexistto-day,and canbefoundbythosewhosincerelyseektheonetrueChurch.

SincetheChurchthatChrist foundedwastoteachinHis placeandtorulewithauthority conferredbyHim,theseeker mustlookforabodywhich claimstospeakwiththevoiceof Chris'awltocommandinHis name.Thatbodymusthaveno doubtsofitsowndoctrineand beintolerantandhostiletoany doctrinethatisopposedtothe truthwhichitreceivedfrom

PERTHFISHERIES

W,11ingtonSt.,Perth. FishandPoultrySupplies. WholesaleandRetail.

Phone:B5992.CityDeliveries. CountryTrdelsCateredFor.

Christ.Suchweknowthe Churchtohavebeenfromthe verybeginningofitsexistence, andsuchtheCatholicChurchhas beendownthroughthecenturies,andsuchitisatthepresent day,andtheCatholicChurch aloneatthepresentdayeven claimstohavethismarkwhich, ifyouthinkforamoment,you willseemustbeamarkofthe ChurchfoundedbyChristtopreserveHistruthtotheendofthe world.

AChurchwhichadmitsfora momentthatitisuncertainabout anyofitsdoctrines,thatitis readytocompromise,toaccepta kindofhighestcommonfactor ofthedoctrinesheldbyanums berofwarringsects,ismostcertainlynottheChurchofChrist, because,asIsaidinthebeginning,itisnotcarryingoutthat solemnmandategiventoHisfollowersbyChristshortlybefore HeascendedintoHeaven:"Teach themtoobserveallthingswhatsoeverIhavecommandedyou." (Matt,XXVIII.,20.)

Whatunanimityofdoctrinedo youthinkyoucouldachieve?Is thereanydoctrinewhateverthat isheldbyeveryonewhocalls himselfaChristian? Iam sureyouwillnottakeoffence whenIsaythatIsincerelydoubt whetherthereisanydoctrine aboutwhichtherewouldbeany unanimity.Takethemostfundamentalofalldoctrines,namely,thatChristisGod.What proportiondoyouthinkofthose whosincerelycallthemselves Christiansandwhoreallydo loveJesusChristandstriveearnestlytoimitateHimintheir dailylives,reallyholdthat JesusChristisGodinexactlythe samesenseastheFatherinHeavenisGod?AndyetifChrist benotGod,thenweothersare thegreatestfoolstheworldhas everseen,andincallingourselvesChristiansweareenrolling underthebannerofamanwho iseitheraknaveoramadman. ForChristcertainlyclaimedto beGodanddiedbecauseofthat claim.

But,Irepeat,howmanyeven ofthosewhocallthemselvesbelievingChristiansreallyaccept thatclaim?OutsidetheCatholicChurchwillyoufindvery many?AreyouwillingtoacceptbeliefintheDivinityof ChristasthetestofaChristian? Ifyouare,thenyouwillhaveto saygood-byetothedreamof unitingtheChristiansects.The remnantyouhaveleftwillbe wellonthewaytotheacceptance oftheclaimsoftheCatholic Church.Howfaryouarewillingtogoinyoureffortstosesureunityisclearfromtheexampleyougiveofadoctrineyou wouldbewillingtosacrifice.

INASNVIEla

AcceptanceofEucharist Touch-StoneofFaith

Youwrite:

"SurelyourGodandSaviour wouldurgetheabandonment ofsuchadoctrineastheReal PresenceinWineandBread?"

A.:Iamatacompletelossto understandhowyoucouldsay that.Itisevidentthatyou holdthatChristisGodandIsee noreasontodoubtthatyoualso hold,thattheScripturesarethe wordofGod.Nowifyouwill thinkthematteroverforyourselfyouwillseethatinthesixth chapterofSt.John'sGospel, ChristHimselfmadetheaccept, anceofthedoctrineofthe7ucharist,asitistaughtandunderstoodbytheCatholicChurch, thetouchstonebywhichtodistinguishHistruefollowersfrom thosewho"walkednomorewith Him."

Itisperfectlytruethatinthat placeHedidnotasyetgivea completeexplanationofthedoctrine,butHemadetheeatingof Hisrealbodyandthedrinking ofHisbloodthenecessaryconditionforfellowshipwithHim.

TheJewsunderstoodHimto meanthattheywerereallyto eatthefleshoftheManthey sawbeforethemanddrinkHis blood.SomeofthemleftHim becausetheyfoundthissaying toohard.DidChristcallthem backandsmootheverything overbytellingthemthatHehad beenspeakinginmetaphor?He didnotInsteadHeturnedto thosewhoremainedandasked them:"Willyoualsogoaway?" Theydidnotunderstandany betterthantheirfellowshow thisthingcouldbe.butthey werereadytotrustChrist.Simon Peteransweredforthemall: "Lord,towhomshallwego? Thouhestthewordsofeternal life.Andwehavebelievedand haveknownthatThouartthe Christ-theSonofGod."(Jo.VI., 69,70.)

InthatsixthchapterofSt. John,ChristpromisedthatHe wouldgivethemHisfleshtoeat andHisbloodtodrink.And Christ,becauseHeisGod,alwayskeepsHispromises.So intheSupperRoom,whenHe tookbreadandwineandsaidto them:"ThisisMyBody,thisis MyBlood."theyknewthatHe hadkeptHispromise,andthat whatappearedtobebreadwas, bythepowerofGod,thetrue BodyofJesusChrist,andwfiat hadbeenwinewasHisBlood, andthewholeChrist,Bodyand Blood,SoulandDivinitywas reallytrulyandsubstantially, presentthereundertheappearancesofbreadandwine.

Now,canyouseriouslyassert thatChristwouldurgeusto abandonthedoctrineofthe BlessedEucharist?.1willgo evenonestepfurtherandask you:Cananysectwhichdoes notholdthefullCatholicdoctrineoftheRealPresencepos- siblybetheChurchofChrist? Theanswerisuptoyou.

Yousayinyourletter:

"Thisisoneofthedoctrines whichcouldbemetbywayof compromise,notacompromise ofdishonourofChrist,but

SCHOOLSOUNDSYSTEMS by ELECTROSOUND

Wehavepleasureinannouncing thatElectrosoundhavebeen awardedtheN.S.W.Department ofEducation's"PeriodContract" forallradioandsoundrequirementsforschoolsandsimilar institutions.

McMAHON&EVANS 31KingStreet, B7772 PERTH B7772

withadesiretohonourHim inHisprayerthattheyall maybeone."

A.:Suchacompromiseisimpossible.EvenLuthersawthat whenheadmittedthattheScripturewastoostrongforhim.In anycaseChrist'sownattitudeto thosewhorefusedtoacceptthis teachingmustbeourguide.He refusedtoabateanythingofthe hardsaying,andHisChurch candonootherbutfollowHis example.Youwritefurther:

WILLTHEREBEUNITY?

"Idonotthinkitwillappear toyouthatIamantagonistic toyourChurchinspiritwhen IsaythattheideathatHis prayerwilleverbeanswered byallchildrenofChrist,Protestant,Greek,andsoon,becomingRomanCatholic,andattachedtotheRomanSee,is moredeadthanthedodo."

A.:No,Iamsurefromthe generaltenorofyourletterthat inspirityouarewellinclined towardstheCatholicChurch,but that,unfortunately,doesnotpreventyoufrombeingentirelymistakenonthispoint.Nordoes itpreventyoufrombeingunconsciouslyopposedtotheclear teachingofChristHimself.You remembertheparableofthe sheepfold.Thatisthesymbol oftheunitywhichtheremustbe intheChurchofChrist.You rememberwhatHesaid:"Other sheepIhavethatarenotofthis fold:themalsomustIbring. Andtheyshallhearmyvoice. andthereshallbeonefoldand oneshepherd."Those,then,who hearthevoiceoftheShepherd, Christ,withunderstanding hearts,willbebroughtbyHim totheonefold,whichistheCatholicChurch.

AMYTHICALDISPENSATION FROMMASS

"Perplexed,"WestPerth:

"Ihavejustreturnedfroma holidayintheSouth-West. wasstayingwithanAustralianCatholicfamily.Onthe secondSundayofmyholiday theyweresurprisedthatI askedtobetakentoMass,a distanceoffivemiles.They haveacar.Iwastoldthat thisfamilygoestoMassonly everyotherSunday,because theItalians,whoaremanyin thisdistrict,haveobtaineda dispensationfromtheApostolicDelegatefromattending SundayMassbecauseofthe heavyworkonthefarms.And theAustralianfarmersshare thisprivilegealso.Iasked anItalianCatholicman'and hesaidthatMasswasonlya disciplinarymatterandthe Italianshadbeenreallytold bytheDelegatethattheywere Catholicsathearteventhough theydidnotattendMassevery Sundaybecauseofwosk."

A.:Well,"Perplexed,"Idon't wonderyouareperplexedatsuch strangeinterpretationsofthe Church'slaws.Theansweris verysimpletoyourquery.No suchdispensationwasevergiven totheItaliansintheSouth-West. Theyareboundbythelawsof GodandoftheChurchjustthe sameasweare,ThelawenjoiningthehearingofMasson SundaysbyallCatholicslays downthatthechiefwayofcarryingouttheDivineCommand: "Rememberthoukeepholythe seventhday,"istoassistatthe HolySacrificeoftheMass.It isamortalsintodisobeythis command,andtheChurchhas therighttoobligeus,because Christ,WhoisGod,hasgiven theChurchHisownauthority, andhassaid:"Ifamanwillnot hearthe'Church,lethimbeas theheathen."(Mt.XVIII.,7.)

(ContinuedonPage15.)

1111*STAII

LASTISSUEOF GREATPAPER

G.

K.CHESTERTON.

OnThursday,June2a,the "WeeklyReview"organofthe Distributistmovementandsuccessorofthe"Eye-Witness," foundedbyCecilChesterton,publisheditslastissue.

Aneditorialnoteannounces thatitistobeamalgamatedwith the"ReviewofWorldAffairs," theRight-wingjournaleditedby KennethdeCourcy.

The"WeeklyReview"descends fromthe"Eye-Witness,"the "NewWitness"and"G.K.'s Weekly,"eachchangeofname indicatingthere-organisationof thejournalundernewmanagement.G.K.Chestertontook overthereviewafterhisbrother'sdeathandranitfora numberofyears,writingthe editorialforeachissueandmany otherarticles.Hewassucceeded byHilaireBelloc,whocarried onhistradition,withthehelpof hisson-in-law,Mr.ReginaldJebb, whowasthe"WeeklyReview's" editor.

Duringits30orsoyears,the journal,throughoutallitsvicissitudes,stoodfortruthandjustice,utteredaperpetualchallenge tovestedinterestswiththeiroppressionoftheweak.andadvocatedasanesocialorderinplace oftheregimescharacterisedby victimisationofthepoor.

Thelasteditorialsaysofthe paper'spolicy:

"Jtsmainunderlyingprinciples weretotellthetruth,however unpopular;toenthronehuman reasonabovefashionandpre. judice;toestablishmen'sright toownprivateproperty;andto .attacktheevilsemanatingfrom politicalandeconomiccorruption.

"Thisisthelastissueofthe "WeeklyReview"underitspresentmanagement.Butthatis veryfarfromsayingthattheindividualmembersofthatmanagement.willceasefrombattling forthecausetheyhavemore theneveratheart.Solongas theyarephysicallyabletodo so,theywillcontinuethestruggle inwhichthispaperandits-predecessorshavebeenactivelyengagedformorethan35years."

ANNUAL

*

EUCHARISTIC PROCESSIONAT SEA

Whatissaidtobethefirst Eucharisticprocessioneveryheld aboardashipoccurredonthe steamshipSaturnia,sailingfrom NewYorktoNaplesin1928.The Saturniatookadvantagesofthe HolyFather'srecentconcession permittingthepreservationof theHolyEucharistinships' chapels.OnedaytheHostwas carriedovertheentirevessel, followedbythecrewandthe ship'spassengers,aboutonethousandtwohundredinnumber,

FOR PHILATELISTS

Theofficialdepartmentof PostsandTelegraphsinParis hasreleasedanewseriesoffive stampsrepresentingsomeofthe mostbeautifulcathedralsof France:NotreDameofParis,St. JulienofMans,St.Francoisof Prigeux,theBasilicaofNotre DameduPortofClermontFerrandandtheBasilicaofSt.SerninofToulouse.

* TRIUMPHANT RETURNOF VIRGINMARTYR

TakenfromNettunotoRome in1943forsafety,thebodyof thenewly-beatifiedMariaGoretti hasbeenreturnedintriumphto itsoriginalresting-placeinthe townofherbirth.Hugecrowds gatheredatAnzionearNettuno toreceivetheprocession.Among thepeoplewerelargenumbers ofboysandgirls,whocameto paytheirhomagetothe12-year oldmartyrforpurity.AtVelletri PontificalHighMasswassungby CardinalMicara.InNettunoall thestreetsandsquaresinthevicinityofMaria'soldhome-nowa chapel-werecrowded.Thepeople threwflowersonthecoffinasit wasbeingborneintothechurch. Threedaysofcelebrationsgreetedthebodyonitsarrival.

* COMMUNISM'S SELF-CONDEMNATION

* EXPANSIONOF CHINESE MISSION

CardinalSpellmaninanar titlecontributedtothe"Cosmo politan"inJanuarylast,gives anextractfromaletterwritten tohimashorttimepreviously byJudgeKeinbroughStoneof theU.S.CourtofAppeals.The Judgewrote:"Untilacoupleofyearsago myconceptionofcommunismwas hazy.IknewthatI,didn'tlike itbutIwouldhavebeenhard putifsomeonehadaskedmeto defineit.In1943aseditioncase involvingtheactivitiesofagroup ofcommunistscamebeforethe CourtofAppeals.Theyhadbeen sentencedandappealed.Iwrote theopinionaffirmingtheconvictions.Necessarilyreadandcarefullystudiedtheevidencewhich revealedstarklythesinisterpurposesandmethodsofthecommunists.Comingfromtheirownpublicationsandmouthstherecould benoquestionofitsverity.It showedtheentireallegianceto the4th.International,complete disloyaltytoAmerica-evenduringwar-andthepurposeto overthrowthisgovernmentby forceandtoestablishaone-par-

*

VATICANM.C. DIESSUDDENLY

Forover30yearsmasterof ceremoniesattheVaticanandthe prelatewhohasgreetedscores ofcanonisation,conclaveandconsistorialceremonies,Mgr.Carlo Respighicollapsedanddiedon June25intheCourtyardofSt. Damaso.Hewas74.

Itwasathisownwishthat Mgr.Respighiremainedinoffice beyondthecustomaryretiring ageandrejectedthetraditonal rewardofmembershipofthe SacredCollege.After25yearsas PrefectoftheCollegeofMasters ofPontificalCeremonies,thetitle "HisExcellency"appearedbeforehisnameinofficialdirectories. Mgr.Respighiwasactivein officerightuptchhisdeath.The daybeforehediedheassisted thePopeatMass,duringwhich HisHolinessgaveFirstHoly Communiontohisgrand-nephew andchildrenofdiplomatsaccreditedtotheVatican.

CAT 4 LIBball

Monday,August11,1947 EMBASSYBALLROOM WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

PresentationofDebutantestoHisGracetheArchbishop at8.45p.m.

TICKETS:10/6Single.

Dancing:8.30p.m.-to1.30a.m.

BookingopensatEmbassy,9a.m.,July14,1947. TicketsatNicholson's,Pellegrini's,Embassy,and N.C.G.M.

ADMISSIONBYTICKETONLY.

"TITOSLAVIA" NOTAPPROVED

Inresponsetoarequestof SenatorRobertF.Wagner,of NewYork,ActingSecretaryof State,DeanAcheson,haspromisedthattheUnitedDtatesGovernmentwillcontinue"togive closeattentiontotheimprisonmentofArchbishopAloysius Stepinac,ofZagreb,bytheJugoslavGovernment."Atthesame time,Mr.Achesonpointedout thattheUnitedStateshad pointedlytoldJugoslaviathatthe regimeofMarshalTitowasnot givenanyapprovalwhenthe U.S.A.establisheddiplomaticrelationswiththecountry.

*

HOWMANY REDS?

AnAmericansurveycredits theCommunistInternationalwith 20millionactivemembers throughouttheworld.Chiefdistributionislistedthus: Russia:6millionpartymembers.

Europe:11,304,000

China:2,000,000.

RestofAsiaandSouthPacific 301,000. MiddleEast:137,000.

NorthAmerica:141,000.

SouthAmerica:340,000.

Australia:15,000.

DIVORCE SPREADSPOISON

Eachsingledivorce,however understandable,doesinfactcreateanareaofpoisonandacentreofdisaffectioninthenational life.TheProtestantArchbishop ofCanterburymadethisremark intheBritishHouseofLords-of which,asheadoftheChurchof England.heisamember-duringadebateontherapidly-growingproblemofmarriageguidanceinanationwherethedivorceratehasjumpedfrom1.000 in1911to50,000lastyear.

tyregime.Italsorevealedthe shrewdanddangerousmethods theyintendedtousefortheaccomplishmentoftheirpurposes. WhilethisparticularorganisationclaimedtofollowTrotsky ratherthanStalin,theunderlyingprinciplesandpurposesof the4th.and3rd.Internationals areidentical.

"America'sfirsteffectivecourtter-movemustbetoinform Americansofthefacts.Therefore Iamsendingyouextractswhich Imadefromtheactualrecord onappealwhichestablish: 1 thecharacterofthemovementas internationalandsubservientto Russia.2thepurposesintheU.S. todestroytheexistinggovernment,subsistuteone-partyrule, andappropriatepropertywithout compensation.3thatfhemethods aretoboreintolabourunion locals,toworkamongunemployed,tocreateandfosterdiscontent,tofomentviolentopposition toconstitutedauthority,totake partineleciotnsforpropaganda, toworkinsidethearmedforces, togetmilitarytrainingforits youthand,finallytobuildupa Redarmythroughlocalunits whichwillhetheactiveforce inoverthrowingthegovernment." Aman'sdefenceofhimself addedtheCardinal,issaidtobe thefairestformofevidence,and proofoftheCommunists'disloyaltytoAmericaisintheirown declarationofprinciples.

* HELPING CATHOLICSTO

MARRY

ThefirstCatholicmarriagebureauhasbeenformedinBritain. Launchedbyagroupoflaymen inLondonwiththeblessingof CardinalGriffin,itspurposeitto introducetoeachotherCatholicswishingtomarry,sothat fewermixedmarriageswillbe contracted.Thebureau,runbya smallcommitteeofsingleand marriedpersonsandapriestas adviser,gathersparticularsfrom clientsandintroducestoeach otherpeopleofsimilarageand tastes.Theworkisdedicatedto theHolyFamilyanditsfieldof operationsextendsthroughout EnglandandWales.

CARDINALGILROY.

TheformerhomeofSirSydney S'now,theclothingstoremagnate, intheSydneysuburbofWahroonga,hasbeenboughtbythe St.Columba'sMissionSocietyas atrainingcollegeforstudents duringtheirfirstorSpiritual year,beforepassingontophilosophyandtheology.

TheopeningofthisSydney centreisanimportantstepin expansionoftheworkof St. Columban'sMissionSociety. whichwasfoundedinMaynooth in1917byFather(nowBishop) GalvinandFatherBlowick,asa societyofsecularpriestsformissionworkinChina,

TheAustralianheadquarters wereopenedatNorthEssendon, Victoria,in1926,afterafirst foundationatMentone,another Melbournesuburb.Aseminary wasestablishedatEssendonand acrosstheTasman,anotherwas recentlyopenedinNemZealand in1942.

Firstyearstudentshavebeen tranferredfromEssendontothe newfoundationfitWahroonga whichwasdedicatedinMarch lastbyCardinalGilroy.ThestudentsarepreparedfortheSociety'smissionfieldsinChina, Korea,Burma,andthePhilippineIslands.

DonaghMacDonagh,editorof theCatholicpaperinBrisbane, anddevoteeofdrama,whowas notsolongagocaughtupina fiercecontroversyondramain hisownpaper,hasciontributeda lengthyarticleentitled"TheActorasArtist,"totheMarchissue ofthenewAustralianquarterly review,"TwentiethCentury."

SomethoughtsoccurringinMr. MacDdnagh'sessaymeritwide dissemination.

CreativeActing.

Mostinterestingishisinsistenceonthevalueandsuperiorityofcreativeacting.Heisat somepainstomakeclearjust whathemeansbycreativeacting.Hewrites:"Genuinecreativeactingdemandsthatanew personalityberevealedasfaras thisispossible. Thereshould appear,notSirSeptimusJones inhisfamousinterpretationof Hamlet,butHamlet'sself.Indeed,theactor'smaterialishis ownperson,hisgiftsofmind andbody;butifhebeanartist,

newcharacter.This,ofcourse, willtaketime;foritisnotsimplyamatterofformingapicture intheimaginationandthen copyingitwithoutwardexpressionandgesture;itmeansgrowingintothepart,sothatthe sourceofactivitylieswithin, makingactionsinstinctive.Mr. MacDonaghmentionssixmonths asalikelytimerequiredfor studyingarole.

TimeandTiming. Suchaconceptofactingisfar fromthecommonlyacceptednotionsoftheday.MosttheatriCreative

Actingv.mitation

IsYourScreenFavouriteArtistorImitator? hewilltransmutethatmaterial intosomethingnewandwondrousstrange, Whoselikehasneverbeen,nor willagain.

Suchnewnessisthetriumphof artandthesecretofbeauty,in thewordsofEricGill,"aword madeflesh" Play-actingis nothistory,northerepresentationofahistoricalrecord;itis aworkofimaginationthrough powerofwhichjoyisgivento themind,andsohasitsown truthanditsownreality.

calgroupsmakedowithsix weeksforpreparingaplay,and thinkthemselveswelltreatedif theygetaclearrunforthatperiod.Mr,MacDonaghhassome convincingarguments,though,to provethatimitationoftaingsas theyare,orwere,isforeignto genuineart,andthattheartist isamaker,notacopyistnoran inspiredmimic. Hewrites:

InviewofwhatDonaghMacDonaghhastosayonthispage concerningthenecessityofstudyingaroleforaboutsixmonths beforeattemptingtoplayit,his

enoughmattertoturnaknob, andcomfortingtoknowitcosts nothing.Iftheentertainment isnotinterestingatwistofthe knobwillkillit.Inthesecirthepublicremainspassivewith

"TheWickedLady?!

Precededbyablareofpublic- ityandbuiltupwithsucheyecatchersas"Ican'tresistany manbelongingtoanother woman,""Blood-red passion fraughtwithdanger,"themuch discussedBritishfilm,"TheWickedLady,"hasarrivedatthe PlazaTheatre.

ThisfilmwasbannedinAmerica,asitopenlyviolatedthe "Producers'Code."Itisapity thatourownCensordidnotdo thesamething.

CHARLESLAUGHTON anactor?

Norhasitanyotherrealitythan therealityofflesh,bloodand spirithereandnowonthe 'boards.'

PersonalityandCharacter.

Mr.MacDonaghmakesanimportantdistinctionbetweenpersonalityandcharacter. "Personality,"hesays,"maybeconsideredasthebasicelement: whateveryintelligentcreature startswith.Character,onthe otherhand,istheaccidentalmodificationofthatpersonalityasit isdevelopedthroughtheaccumulationofactsandthedeterminationofhabitsovertheyears,a verygradualandever-active process.'

Histhesisisthattheactor-artist muststriphimselfofhisown character,orasmuchofitasis undesirableforthepartheisto play,andthen,equippedonly withhispersonality,applyhimselftothetaskofbuildingupa

Theactionoftheplay,asit concernsouractor,mustbeplottedoutinachainofinteracting Lbjectives-theobjectivebeing thesmallestsinglepartofthe action,withitsreasonorjustification-andalloftheseobjectivesmustbegovernedbyamasterobjective,whichgivesunity andsufficientmotivetothe whole.Ifthemindbeconcentratedonthatgreatpurposethe wholeactionwillflowrealisticallyandnaturallyfromtheforce ofattractionitexertsontheim agination.Hereanllustration mayhelp.Haveyouever watchedaplayertrytogivea startofsurpriseatasuddenand unexpectedencounter? Watch carefullyandseehowoftenthe reactionisasplitsecondlate. somethingthatdoesnothappen inreallife.Butifhismindbe firmlyconcentratedonsomething else,say,stealingadocument fromhisemployer'sfile,thesuddenopeningoftheofficedoorwill comeasacompletesurprise,no matterhowoftenithasbeenrehearsed,forconcentrationonone objectremovesallothersfrom theforefrontoftheattention. Whattheactorisnowdoingon thestagehasbecometheaction ofarealpersoninrealcircumstances. Imaginativepreparationofthecharacterhasgiven realitytotheperson,whileconcentrationofthemindonthe objectivehasmadethecircumstancesreal.

regardtothestandardofradio productions.

Listeningto"TheVicarof Wakefield"from6WNlastSaturdaynight,Ifoundallmyold convictionsreturningwithre-

WhatThinkYouofRadioPlays?

viewsonradiodramashould proveinteresting,Thenormal procedureattheA.B.C.(inW.A) istodistributescriptsabout threeorfourweeksbeforea production,andthenholdonlya coupleofrehearsalsbeforegoing ontheair.Theplayersstand

newedforce.Judgedbycontemporarystandardstheplay,Isuppose,wasnotbad;buthowlow arethestandards!TheLux RadioTheatrehasbeenquotedas onestandard,butIremember beingdisgustedwithaplayI heardbroadcastfromthatsource lastyear-themoresobecauseI knewtheworkthoroughly.

Tryingtoanalysemyimpressionsof"TheVicarofWakefield,"Ifoundintheforefront ofmyobjectionsanacutedislike ofthespeedatwhichtheaction racesalong.Thedialoguejust tumblesoutwithoutpause.This isanobjectionwhichIhavehad (Col.tinuedonPage12.)

Theperiodgownsarefrankly indecentandthediologuesugges- tive.Scenesofviolentpassion andbrutalmurderabound.Sug- gestiveshotsofmarriagechambers,coarsejokes,andopenadulterymakethisaboutthenastiest pieceofworkIhaveseenfora longtime.

Eventheactingwasincon- formitywiththestory.MargaretLockwood,asthevicious lusty,unscrupulousLadySkel ton,waspoor,JamesMason, asthehighwayman,JerryJackson,waspoorer,andPatricia Roc,whostoodbyandallowed herselftobecheatedoutofone husbandandnearlyasecond,was absolutelypenniless.

Thisfilmisdefinitelynotrecommended,andCatholicparents shouldnotpermittheirchildren toattendit.

-ROGET.

TryHassell's,559WellingtonSt. Alwaysfirstwithgoodsinshort supply.B6307.

PHONEF2396-ONEQUALITY-THEBEST

BEACHBAKERY, FAIRLIGHTSTREET,MOSMANPARK. MaltandWholemealBreadaSpeciality.

DRAWN WEEKLY TICKETSIN THEN° ONSALEEVERYIPNERE FIRSTPRIZE

Inthiswaytheactor'sbiggest problemisdisposedof;howto produceanappropriateemotional reactionconvincinglyandatthe propertime.Someplayerstry togettheiremotionaleffectsby imitatingsuchoutwardsignsas maybeobservedinthemselvesor others,a perilousprocedure whichdemandsextremetechnical skilltomakethereactionseem plausible.CharlesLaughtonis, Ithink,thefinestexponentof thismethod.Areactionmay alwaysbeinfalliblyjudgedby watchinganactor'seyes.The studiedexternalreactiongivesno reflex. Othersplayontheir nerves,as,forexample,does BetteDavis,whoseart-notto bedisparaged-isreallyaform ofhysteria. Seethetensionin herthroat,thelackofreposein allshedoes. Neitherwaycan theemotionbeperfectly-timed, norcantherequisitesubtletybe achieved. Remember,thatno twogenuinereactions,evenof thesameemotion,areeveridentical;andifyouseeanactoror actressalwaysreactto,say,fear inpreciselythesamemanner, youmaybequitesurethatthe reactionisfakedbytechnique.I suggestthatyouwatchIngrid BergmanorGreerCarsonfor thiskindofthing.Butthetechniqueisperfect.

RealEmotion. Theonlysatisfactorywayisto maketheemotionreal.Now, emotionisapsycho-physiological resultantofconsciousness,producedfirstbyknowledgeand

JAMESCONDONwhosecontractwiththeA.B.C, makeshisthemostfamiliar voiceheardinlocalradiodrama. beforethemicrophoneandread thescripts. Areradioplayspopular?The radiofraternitywouldhaveus believetheyare.Personally,I amnotfondofthem,and1fancy thatradioplayaddictswouldbe muchlessenthusiasticifthey werecalledupontomakeaconsciouseffortinordertoenjoy theirradiofare.Itisasimple secondbyanattractionoraversionintheappetitetoorfrom thethingknown.Hence,itshould neverbedirectlyattacked.Itis aneffectandcanonlybeproducedbyitsowncause.And therethesolutionlies:lookto thecauseandtheemotionalreactionwilltakecareofitself.Proconcentrateyourminduponrr andthereactionpeculiartothis particularcharacterintheseparticularcircumstanceswillfollow. Surprisinglyenough,anactor maythusreactinawayhe wouldnotineverydaylife. Othellocanmakehimselfinsanelyjealousbybroodingonthe supposedinfidelityofDesdemonaandonherinsulttohis pride.Andthebeautyofitis thathewillreactdifferentlyon successivenights.To-night'sperformancewilldifferfromlast night's,becauseOthelloisliving thetragedyforthefirsttime,as itwere,to-night.

Veryprobablycreativeacting mayseemdisappointingatfirst, becauseofitsrestraintandsubtlety.Audiencesareaccustomed totheflamboyanceandobvious. nessofthemastertechnicians, whoalwaysdothe"right"thing andmustdependforthemost partonbroadeffects.Appreciationoftheotherrequiresa positiveintellectualeffortof judgmentandconcentrationand, forthatreason,doesnot"get over"tothementallylazy.The sameistrueofpoetryandthe otherarts.Onthescreencreativeartistsarefewandfarbetween,buttherearesomewho areworthwatching-Greta Garbo,GeraldineFitzgerald,MervynJohns,EsmondKnight,GoogieWithers.

National Catholic Girls'

r, MOVEMENT

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS.

MeetingstobeheldatHeadquarters:

MarianLodgeCommittee:Friday,July11,andJuly25,at6 p.m.

CouncilMeeting:Monday,August4,at8p.m.

ExecutiveMeeting:Monday, July28,at8p.m.

BRANCHNOTES.

NEDLANDS:

DancingClasses

willcommenceonJuly16at8 p.m.atSt.Teresa'sHall,Tyre11street.MissRainerhaskindly consentedtoinstruct.

GeneralMeeting willbeheldonJuly17. Dramatics.

DramaticSocietyrehearses everySundaynightintheSchool Hall.Theywillbeholdingan eveningofone-actplaysinthe nearfuture.

LEEDERVILLE:

DatestoRemember.

July14:GeneralRally.

July27:Badge-givingcere mony. Film.

Everygirlistobeinthe HallonSunday,July12,after Devotions.Asitistoarrange thecrowdsceneswiththeboys, itisessentialthateverygirl attends.

SUBIACO:

Well,thegeneralRallywas certainlyamarvelloussuccess. Wewilldefinitelyrepeatitinthe nearfuture.

Thenextgeneralmeetingwill beonTueday,July22,at8p.m. Dotryandcomealong. ChoirPractice. EveryTuesday,at7.15p.m.,in theHall.Wearemakingan all-outeffortwiththechoirso whynotbeinit?

BASKETBALL.

FixturesforJuly19:

Firsts:

MaylandsI.v.LeedervilleI., 3.30p.m.,atHighgate. M. Gray. NedlandsI.v.CathedralI., 2p.m.,atNedlands.I.Boylan.

FremantleI.v.Subiaco,1.,3.30 p.m.,atNedlands.J.Sutton.

MidlandI.v.HighgateI.,2 p.m.,atHighgate.L.King. WestPerth,bye.

Seconds:Noplay.

Results,Saturday,July5.

FIRSTS:

FremantleI.d.NedlandsI., 16-15.

HighgateI.d.WestPerth1., 12-11.

HotelandAccomodationGuide

OnthoRoad WEMBLEYHOTEL AFdotm CityBeach.

s PhoneB3418

M.CRANLEY,Prop.

HOTELRAFFLES

CANNINGBRIDGE.

HIGHCLASSACCOMMODATION.

'Phone:MU1295. Proprietor:J.A.COLEMAN.

VICTORIAHOTEL

Captain,vice-captainsandumpiresareadvisedthatonTuesday,15thinst.,theSecretaryof theW.A.BasketballAsociatlon willgivealectureattheDisca Roomsat8.30p.m.

Branchesareadvisedthata demontrationmatchwillbeheld betweenaLeedervilleandHighgateteamintheW.A.BasketballAssociation,atSt.Patrick's Boys'School,onSunday,July20, at2p.m.Allplayingmembers arerequestedtocomealongand acquaintthemselveswithnew rules.

YCW ACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St George'sTerrace,Perth. 'Phone:B2546.

HEADQUARTERS.

MeetingstobeheldatHeadquartersduringmonthofJuly: Thursday,16th.:Y.C.W.Council,8p.m. Thursday,23rd.:Y.C.W.Executive,7p.m. Thursday,23rd.:SportsCouncil,8p.m. RETREAT.

AllmembersoftheY.C.W.are remindedonceagainoftheRetreattoheheldonSaturdayand Sunday,July26and27,atthe RedemptoristMonastery,North Perth.

BRANCHNOTES.

HIGHGATE:

Atthelastgeneralmeeting ourtreasurer,PeterO'Mara,and propagandist.NeilSmith,handedintheirresignations.Both ladshavegivenexcellentservice (luringtheirtermsofoffice,and tobothofthemweofferour thanksfortheiruntiringefforts. Thepositionoftreasurerhas nowbeentakenoverbyColin Powel,andthatofpropagandist byJohnFoley,andthoughboth havealotofhardworkinfront ofthem,wefeelsuretheywill makeanexcellentjobofit. Concert.

Ourconcertturnedouttobe quiteasuccess,andtoallwho helpedpresenttheshowweextendourheartiestthanks.

Social.

DancingonFriday,July18.

Dancingclassesareheldevery SundayeveningafterDevotions, withtheexceptionofthethird Sundayofthemonth.

COTTESLOE:

Archbishop'sVisit.

OnSundayHisGracethe Archbishopvisitedourparishfor thepurposeofadministeringthe SacramentofConfirmationtothe children.HisGracealsoblessedthebannersandbadgesofthe N.C.G.IM.andYC.W.Movements,anddistributedthebadges

Followingthedistributionof badges,headdressedthecongregation,devotingpartofhisad-

Theplaywasfairlycongested forthefirsttwoquarters,and neitherteamwasabletoshow itstrueform.Atthelong breakSubiacowerethreepoints ahead.

Inthethirdquartertheplay openedoutandFremantle,findingthestyleofplaymoreto theirliking,evenedthescore andatlemonsheldaseven-point marginoverSubiaco. Thelastquarter,however, foundSubiacoagainslightlyon top,andafteravigoroustwenty minutesofplayemergedvictors byfivepoints.

ShentonParkv.WestBerth:

JULY:

Monday.14th.:Y.0W-N.0G.M.

Rally,Leederville. Friday,18th.:Dance,Highgate. Saturday,19th.:Dance,South Perth. Saturday,19th.:Dance,Subiaco. Saturday,26.h.:Dance,Claremont.

presstoaninspiringtalkonthe YouthMovements. AttheconclusionofPontifical Benediction,themembersof bothmovementsadjournedtothe hall,whereanimpromptusocial washeld. BranchMeeting.

ThenextmeetingisonSunday, July13.anditishopedthatall newly-enrolledmemberswillbe presentandtakepartinthe syllabusitemswhichfollow: games,gymnasiumandamateur dramatics.

WESTPERTH: P.T.classeswillbeheldonalternateThursdaynights,under BenRe,sodon'tforgettobring alongyourtogs,

FREMANTLE: Awelcomeadditiontoourclub roomsistakingshapewiththe buildingofaspecialroomfor boxingenthusiasts.Thering shouldbeinstalledbytheendof thismonth.

BasketballfacilitiesareavailableattheDrillHall,underthe supervisionofRoyHenderson.

LEEDERVILLE:

AstheVictoriaParkBranch hasbeeninvitedtoourcombined Y.C.W.-NC.G.M.rallyonMonday,the14th.inst.,itishoped thatallmembersofourbranch willco-operatewholeheartedlyby attendinginforceandhelpingto entertainthevisitors.

Subiacowillalsoberepresentedbyadebatingteam.

NEDLANDS: Meetings.

LeaderswillmeetintheSchool Hallat8p.m.onSunday,13th. inst.Thenextgeneralmeeting isat8p.m.onWednesday,23rd. inst.Aregionalmeetingisto beheldintheParishHall,Claremont,at8p.m.onMonday,14th. inst.,andallgeneralmembers fromNedlandsareinvitedtobe present. SPORTING.

Football: Generallythestandardofplay isimproving,andasaresultthe competitionisbecomingmost keen.

LastSundayatForrestPark SubiacoandFremantlehadavigoroustusslewithSubiaco,eventuallywinningbytheslender marginoffivepoints.

ShentonParkaddedtoits laurelsbydefeatingWestPerth ratherconvincingly.

OnSundayCathedraland HighgatewillmeetatForrest Park.Thevisitorshaveanunenviabletask,forHighgate,unbeatensincethecompetitionbeganbastyear,hastheadvantage ofplayingonitshomeground. However,Cathedralarequite capableofspringingasurprise, andthewholeeighteenareright ontheirtoesandarelookingforwardtothetussle.

Leedervilleshouldhavethe edgeonVictoriaParkwhenthe twoteamsmeetatRaphaelPark.

Detailsoflastweek'smatches areasfollows:

Subiacov.Fremantle: Inthemostthrillinggameof thecompetitionsofarthisseason,SubiacoandFremantlekept thespectatorsontheirtoesfor thefullninetyminutesoftheir matchplayedlastSunday.

TheyoungWestPerthmen werenomatchforShentonPark whentheylastmet.Kicking withasilghtbreezeWestPerth wentintoattackearly,butthe solidShentonParkbackline heldandbrokeupmostofWestPerth'sforwardmoves.Inaccuratekickingbythehome team'sforwardshelpedtogive ShentonParktheirfour-point marginattheendofthequarter.

Takingfulladvantageofthe breeze,ShentonParkquickly tookcontrolofthegame,and atthehalf-timeintervalwere wellintheleadwiththescores at8goals2behindsto3goals 4behinds.

WestPerthlosttheinitiative earlyinthethirdtermwhen, withtheaidofthewind,they failedtosuccessfullycombatthe ShentonParkdefence.From thenonthegamewasaforegone conclusion,thefinalscoresbeing: S.P.,16goals9behinds;West Perth,5goals14behinds.

BASKETBALL.

TheHighgateteamsufferedits seconddefeatoftheseasonat thehandsoftheleagueleaders, Centrals.Theplaythroughout wasrough,andatnotimedid CentralsallowY.C.W.toplayan opengame.Finalscores:Cen. trals,32;Y.C.W.,19.

TABLETENNIS.

Oneofthemostevenlycontestedmatchesoftheseasonwas thatbetweenClaremontY.C.W. andFremantlePoliceBoys.on Wednesday,2nd.inst.After gainingaslightleadattheend oftheevening,theClaremont teamheldondoggedlytowinby thenarrowmarginof2games.

Finalscores:Claremont,6sets 16games;F.P.B.,6sets14 games.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

AtalkontheAustralianNative MissionintheKimberleyswas givenbyRev.FatherBreslin, O.M.I.,onTuesdayevening,24th. ult.Deliveredinanoriginal andhumorousstyle,thislecture wasmostkeenlyappreciated,and ourinterestintheconversionof theAustraliannativewasdeepened. Teachersareremindedofthe followingfixture: Sundaymorning,July13:MebhersareremindedtoofferMass andHolyCommunionforthe Guild.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville. Atthemeetingheldon2nd. inst.,Messrs.A.andJ.Bishop werenominatedformembership. Acordialwelcomewasextended tomembersofSt.Anthony's Branch,whowerepresenttotake partintabletennisandquoit matchesagainstSt.Mary'sNo.1 team.Clearancesinwardfrom St.LawrenceO'Toole'sBranchin respectofSr.R.C.Twomeywas accepted.Bros.H.E.Clear,A. J.WillettandJoeCaseywerereelecteddelegatestotheMetropolitanSocialCouncil.Arrangementsweremadeforthefollowinginter-branchcompetitions:-Badminton:No.1teamv. St.Malachi's,atHighgate,on 9th.inst.Tabletennisand quoits:No.2teamv.St.Kevin's, atSubiaco,on10th.inst.Badminton:No.2teamv.St.Anthony's,afterthemeetingon 16th.St.Mary'sNo.1team wonbothtabletennisand (woksmatchesagainstSt.Anthony'sBranchafterinteresting andenjoyablecontests.

RiddleoftheArgentine

Everyoneknowsthatitisthe Spanishdrumthatisalways beateninthehatesessionsof thesecularpress.Butaclose favouritefromtimetotimeis theArgentine.Itspringsfrom thesamesource-the"black legend"aboutallthingsSpanish whichhasbeenfosteredinthe officialhistoryofBritainforfour hundredyears.Moreover,the Argentine,likeSpain,isanoverwhelminglyCatholicnation, whichautomaticallyinvolvesthe CatholicChurchinanycriticismsofitspoliticallifeorsocial system.ThePresseffusions overSenoraPeron'srecentvisit toEuropeareacaseinpoint. Oneshort,barbedcableinour eveningcontemporarydescribed areceptioninRomewhich"eight Cardinalsincrimsonrobes"attended.Itisdifficulttodecide whetherthepressissonaiveas tothinktheattendanceofthe cardinalsanextraordinarymatter(theywouldbepresentat anysuchfunctionforadistinguishedforeigner),orwhether theyweresurprisedthecardinals didnotattendinbathers.

TRADITIONALHOSTILITY,

MeanwhiletheCommunistand pinkpressofBritainandFrance urgedtheSenora'sexclusion fromtheirselectdemocracies. ForeignMinisterBevinneatly snubbedtheEnglishcomradesby announcingthattheGovernment wouldreceivetheSenoraina mannerbefittingadistinguishedforeignpersonage.Whatis curiousaboutallthisistherevelationitmakesofCommunist hypocrisy.ForwhileRussia yetmaintainsthepretenceof fightingFascisminEurope,it hadnoqualmswhateverabout suddenlyresumingdiplomaticre- lationswiththeArgentinelastyear.Therewereseveralvery

FEDERATIONPLAN.

Aboutthemostsensibleplan yetadvancedforGermanreconstructionisthatofdecentralising thenationintosomedozenlooselyjoined,butvirtuallyautonomousstates.TheUnitedStates andGreatBritainhaveagreedto thefederationplaninprinciple. OncethestatusoftheRuhrhas beenclarifiedinthisscheme, Francewillalmostcertanly agree,.Andalmostcertainly theSovietwillnotagree.AnotherstalematebecauseGIaveto cannotbetolerated.Thereis littletheUnitedStates,Great Britain,orFrancecandoabout theSoviet-occupiedzoneinGermany.Butthereis,muchthese threenationscandotowarda peacesettlementinthethree zonestheyoccupy,oncetheyset themselvesfreefromthehamstringingpoweroftheSoviet veto,.Letthethreepowers strangefactorsinvolvedinthat reconciliation.Afterall,there hadbeenalongtraditionofhostilitybetweenthetwoGovernments.ItwastheArgentine whichmanagedtheexpulsionof RussiafromtheLeagueofNationsin1939.AnditwasRussiawhofoughttoothandnailto keeptheArgentine-outofthe UnitedNationsin1945.InSovietpropaganda,moreover,Argentinawasrepresentedasthe FascistmonsteroftheNew World,justasGermanyandItalywereoftheOld.

APOLITICALPURPOSE.

Atthesametimeasthe Kremlinistryingtounseat Francoonideologicalgrounds,it wouldbereasonabletoexpectit toquarantinePeron'sArgentine. But,onthecontrary,itestablishesdiplomaticrelationsand economicfriendshipwiththis "Fascistreactionary."What canbethepurposeofthisastoundingvolte-facefrommutual andundisguisedantipathy? Thereisnocompellingeconomic orcommercialreason.Forthe Sovietisinnopositiontosupply theindustrialmachineryArgen-tinaneeds,andmostoftheagriculturalproductstheArgentine couldsupplyarealreadypossessedbyRussia.Theonlyfeas- iblesolutionisthatitisamutual politicaltrickforthediscomfitureoftheUnitedStates.In thisconnectionitmustbeconfessedthatAmericanstupidityin foreignpolicyandsheermeddlingmadesuchamoveinevitable.HappilytheGoodNeigh- bourpolicyisontheup-grade again,butatthetimetherapprochementwithRussiadid muchtooffsetthefutilerumblingsoftheU.S.StateDepart ment.OnRussia'sside,she hadmuchtogainfromanew, largetoe-holdinSouthAmerica.

Germany,KeytoEurope's Peace

ThefailureoftheParisConference,calledtoimplementthe Americanproposaltorehabilitate Europeeconomically,onabasis ofself-help,mayproveinthe longrunamoredisastrousevent fortheSovietthanforEurope. Foreventhosedie-hards,who believedthatalltheappeasement ofRussiauptoandincludingPotsdamwouldultimatelypay co-operativedividends,mustnow bestrippedoftheirlastillusions.

Forthefirsttime,publiclyand pellucidly,Russiawasout-manoeuvredfromthestart.The markofhersullenresentment wasmirroredinthefactthat Molotovwasstungoutofhisur banitytomakethewildest chargesagainstBritainand France,andtoimputetothe UnitedStatesmotiveswhich couldonlybebelievedoftheSoviet.Itwasamusing,ina painfulway,toreadofMolotov's fearsforthesovereigntyandindependenceofsmallnations, whentheRussianbearclutches toitsbosomtwo-thirdsofEurope.ThecardinalerrorofSovietdiplomacy,however,isthat itsdelayingtacticshavedriven awedgebetweenEastandWest, whichitwon'tbeabletoremove withitsbackteeth,

CONSOLIDATIONAND DELAY.

Russia'sintentionisnotto closethedooroninternational co-operationanymorethanitis tohaveEuropedividedintotwo blocs.Whatshewantsmost ofallistoconsolidatetheeconomicmiseryofalloccupation

zonesexceptherown,thussimplifyingthefinalonslaughton theWest.Politicallyshewants toplayfortimeuntilEastern andCentralEuropeareirrevocablyintheKremlinbag,orin otherwords,untilthereisone impregnablebloc.Thenshe wouldbepreparedtotalkturkey withthedemocracies.

BAREDFANGS.

WhatMolotovhadnotcounted on,Ithink,wasthattherecould bealimittothestupidityand patienceofthedemocracies.That hewastrulyenragedbytheannouncementthatBritainand Francewouldgoaheadwithout Russiaisbestexemplifiedinhis threatoftheconsequenceswhich wouldfollowuponsuchanattempt.Foraninstantthesmile slippedfromthefaceofthe tiger,butitwaslongenoughfor thewordtoseethebaredfangs,. CRUXOFPEACESOLUTION.

WhattheParisfailureamounts toisthatthethreesaneAllies realisethatthedrawingupand signingofpeacetreatiesisas urgentinthepoliticalorderas foodisinthephysicalorder.As amatterofrecord,onenationSovietRussia-hasconsistentlypitteditssolitarystandagainst theconcertoftheotherPowers andbyanindiscriminateuseof thevetothwartedwhatever chancetheremighthavebeenof aunisonofwills.Thecruxof thewholeEuropeanpeacesolutionisGermany.UntilGermanyisputonaself-sustaining basisunderAlliedcontrol,there willbe,therecanbenopeace.

proceedtofederatetheirzones, todrawupafederalconstitution, tolaunchaprovisionalfederal government.Thedoorshould beleftopentotheGermanstates underRussiancontroltoenter thefederationonce,andif,Sovietoppositiondwindles.The immediateadvantagewouldbe thatGermanywouldbestartedat lastontheroadofself-respect ingself-helpintheworkof peacefulreconstruction,andthis withintheframeworkofademocraticwayoflife.

Thetimeislongsincepastfor diplomaticstraddlingordiplo- maticintransigeance,forhopeful procrastinationorhopefulappeasement,. AGermansettlementisthecoreofthepeace.If wecannotobtainitwithRussian consent,wemustobtainittothe extentwecanoverRussia's veto.

LunaticsatLarge

ThenewsthattheTrafficDe-sopatentlypolice-likedefeats partmentintendsputtingmore speedcops.ontheroadwasha-ledwithasighofreliefbyall thosewhostillhavehopesof passingawaypeacefullyandnot endingupunderasheetinthe casualtywardof,theR.P.H.

Irememberreadingthatin AmericaandGreatBritainthe annualnumberofpeoplekilled orinjuredinroadaccidents,vas almostequaltothatofthosekilledorinjuredonactiveservice.

Highonthelistofdecisivefactorsinthisghastlyreversalof valuesoftheuseoftheautomobilewemustbitthepower ofthemoderncar,butthegreat- estfactorinalmosteveryaccidentissheercarelessnessand disregardforeventhemostelementaryoftrafficlaws.

Ofcourse,therearecaseswhere accidentsdohappen,andwhere itisimpossibletopintheblame oneitherparty,butthesecases areintheminority,andinthe othersjusticeshouldbeswiftand severe.

Adrunkenmanbehindthe wheelofacarislikealunatic aboardwithaloadedgun;true hemightkillonlyhimself,but, ontheotherhand,itmightwell beyouorme.Thepenaltiesimposedonthesepotentialslayers arefarcical.Theyshouldbedeprivedoftheirlicensesimmediately,andafewmonthsinthe coolatmosphereofKalamunda spentattheGovernment'sexpensemighthelpthemtosober upabit.

TheNationalSafetyCouncilis doingagoodjob,anditrightly asksforthefullestco-operation ofallcitizens.Itisastepin therightdirection,andweofthe Catholiccommunityshoulddo everythingwecantoaidthemin thismuchneededcampaign.Or-ganisationsexistingforthemot- oringpublicshoulddeletefrom theirrollsallmemberswhohave beenguiltyofaserioustraffic breach.

Thepatrolcarwithitsofficious occupantsandboomingloudspeaker,causesalotoffreeentertainmenttothepeoplewho throngthestreets,butIamata losstoseewhatpracticalpurposeitserves.Itquiteoften defeatsitsownendsbycausing anervourdrivertomomentarily panic.

Thereshouldbeaperiodicex aminationofallvehiclesonthe road.andthosethatarenotroad- worthy(andtheirnumberis legion)shouldbeputindocktill theyarerepaired.

Pushbikeswithouttaillights aretobelistedamongstthe worstoffenders.Howoftendoes ithappenthatamotoristhashad toswerveviolentlytoavoidone ofthesepestsastheyloomup beforehim.Iftheyonlycould realisethatonawetnightthey areinvisibleuntilyouareright ontopofthem,theywouldgo tothesmallexpenseofhaving lightsfixed.Parentswhoallow theirchildrentogooutatnightwithoutproperlightsshouldbe treatedaspotentialmanslaughterers, Inanyroadandatanytimewe canseecarswithoutlightsat all.Sometimesitisonelight only,andyoudon'tknowwhatis comingatyou.Then,tothe otherextreme,arethosecarsthatcomewithtwinsearchlights blindingallandsundryforhundredsof yards.

Thesightofapeakedcapover awindscreenonabigHarley causesmostdriverstopause, butthemerefactthattheyare

S.I.C.OldBoys' Association

'ANNUALBALL.

Arrangementhavenowbeen completedforthecombinedS.I.C. andS.G.C.AnnualBall,tobe heldattheClubCabarita,Haystreet,Perth,onWednesday, July16.ThismeansnextWednesday,sothoseintendingto comeareurgedtogettheirpar- tiesorganisedassoonaspos- sible.Youmayreserveyour tableattheCabaritaorwiththe followingcommitteemembers: K.P.Byrne(WM2982);B.J. Wood,c/oSoutheeChemist,ForrestPlace(B4793);W.Gaynor (W1097);Mrs.P.Hogan(B7688). Now,don'tdelay,procureyour ticketandtables,andyoucan lookforwardtoabumpernight andanopportunityofrenewing oldfriendships.

theirownends.Whynotputa fewmeninplainclothesastride bikesorincarsandthenyou willseeadecreaseinthenumber ofthosewhousetheroadsfor theirownselfishendsandscoffat lawsdictatedbyexperienceand commonsense.

NEWTENCOMMANDMENTS FORREDYOUTH.

CommunistYouthHeadquar-

tersatNovosybirskhasissued tennew"commandments"forthe guidanceofSovietyouthintheir effortstowardsthefuture"world revolution."Theyaretothefollowingeffect:

"1.Neverforgetthatthe clergyaretheavowedenemy oftheStateandofCommunism.

2.Trytoconvertyour friendstoCommunism.

"3.Trytopreventyour friends,bypersuasion,notby violence,fromattendingchurch.

"4.Bewareofspiesanddenouncesabotage.

"5.Distributeatheistliteratureroundthecommunity.

"6.EverygoodKomsomol (memberoftheCommunist Youthorganisation)isalsoa fighterintheanti-Godcampaign.

"7.Makeyourselfacquaintedwitheverypointinreligion whichmayinfluenceyour neighbour,andcounteractits influence.

"8.Everyatheistmustbea goodCommunist,Itisthe dutyofalltheGodlessto watchoverthesafetyofthe State.

"9.Supporttheatheisticmovementfinancially,helping particularlyforeignorganisationswhichhavetoworksecretly.

"10.Ifyouarenotacor.wmcedatheistyouarenogo!'3 Communistoraloyalcitizen oftheSovietState.

"NeverforgetthatStalin,who hasgiventheconstitutiontothe Russianpeople,istheleaderof theGodless,notonlyintheSovietUnion,butalloverthe world."

OurCourseistaughtbyPersonalAttendanceandCorrespondenceLessons.StudentsobtainFREETEXTBOOKSvaluedat£3;FreeEmploymentServiceforLife;guaranteedtuition

We

PERTH,THURSDAY,JULY10,1947.

Kremlin-Vatican Concordat?

The"DailyNews'carried,duringtheweek,initsnews review,arumourthataconcordatbetweentheVatican andtheKremlinispossible.Thishearsaywasprobably anechoofthe"Time"report(butmoreaccuratelystated)thatthe"OsservatoreRomano,"inamid-Juneissue had"advocatedacompromisewithSovietRussia."There isavitaldistinctioninvolved.TheCatholicChurchcan nevercompromisewithCommunism,notbecauseRussia persecutestheChurchnorbecauseCommunistssneerat religion,butbecauseCommunismisinherentlyfalseand evil.ThedecreeofPiusXI.stands:"Communismis intrinsicallywrongandnoonewhowouldsaveChristian civilisationmaycollaboratewithitinanyundertaking whatsoever."Butitiserroneoustoidentifytheoutlook ofthegreatRussianpeoplewiththeperniciousideologyof ,thesmallrulingcliqueintheSoviet.Perhapsthatdistinctionwasmostsharplydrawninthewaryearswhenit wasclearthatRussiansfought,notfortheCommunist ideabutforthelifeofthenation.Whateversinisterulteriormotivesmayhavebeeninthemindsofthetyrants whichrulethatslave-state,patrioticfervourwasundoubtedlythedrivingforceoftheRussianmasses.

ThequestionofaVaticanConcordatwiththeSoviet isaltogetheradifferentissuefromacompromisewiththe principlesandpoliciesofCommunism.Acloseparallel istohandintheConcordatmadebytheHolySeewith NaziGermany.Despitethedespicablesmear-campaign oftheRedstolabelVaticandiplomacyasFascist,thefact remainsthattheChurchhadnot.andcouldnothave,any sympathyorshareintheNaziideology.ButsincemillionsoftheChurch'ssubjectshadtoliveunderthatdetestableregime,itwasthecleardutyoftheSovereignPontiff -intheinterestsofthesoulscommittedtohiscaretomake termswiththeNazileadersbywhichsomemeasureofreligiousfreedommightbeinsured.Itwasalongchance andnooneknewtheperfidyofthemenhewasdealing withbetterthanthemanwhobroughtoffthatastounding coup-EugenePacelli.Theduplicityandhypocrisyof theGermanReich,intheunfoldinghistoryofConcordat relations,isunequalledinthelonghistoryoftheChurch. Itsnegotiationsandsignatureoccasionedthefamous statementofPiusXI.thathewouldworkwiththedevil himselfifthegoodoftheChurchdemandedit:infacthe -wasforcedtodealwithsatabicalmeninGermany.

Themanwhowasperhapsthegreatestdiplomatin EuropeduringthoseyearsnowsitsontheThroneofPeter. HeisundernoillusionabouttherealnatureoftheideologyoftheKremlinortheamoraloutlookofitsdiplomats.. Butinevengreaterdegreethanhispredecessor,hefaces aEuropebestriddenbyanatheistic,tyrannousColossus. Forallthat,millionsofthefaithfuloftheChurchlive withintheservileboundariesoftheIronCurtain,andifit ispossibletomakeadealwiththeSovietintheirspiritual interests,theVaticanwillnothesitate.Butitisarumourwhichtheeventsofrecenthistorydolittletosupport. ForonethingRussiaispluggingthecauseoftheOrthodoxChurchinabidforthespiritualleadershipnotalone inEuropebutinAmericaalso.Foranother,Russia,has littlereasontoplacatetheVatican,andthePopecannot havemuchtoofferinabargain.Mr.Bevinispuzzled whytheworldshouldbesplitonsuchtermsasmaterial 'determinismandChristianreligion,butsuchisexactlythe cruxofthestruggle.Thesetwothingscannotbutrepresentfundamentaldivisionfortheyaremutuallyexclusive. Howthelionistoliedownwiththelambperhapsthe presscansolve.

FeastofOurLadyof Mt.Carmel

OBSERVANCEATDALKEITH.

OnJuly16,FeastofOurLady ofMt.Cannel,HisGracethe ArchbishopwillcelebrateMass at7o'clockinthepublicchapel oftheCarmeliteMonastery,Dalkeith.At9a.m.hewillpresideataSolemnHighMass.

THELATEREV.FATHER

F.BUTLER

APlenaryIndulgence,onthe usualconditions,maybegained asoftenastheCarmeliteChapel isvisitedontheFeast.

OnSunday,13th.inst.,there willbespecialdevotionsat3 p.m.,atwhichaRedemptorist Fatherwillpreachtheoccasional sermon.

laz

InSt.Mary'sCathedralon Mondaymorning,July7,inthe presenceofHisGracetheArchbishop,morethansixtypriests andaverylargecongregationof thefaithfulgatheredforthesolemnobsequiesofthelateFather FrederickG.Butler,whodiedon Fridaylast,July4,afterasuddenandveryshortillness.

Theprincipalmournersonthis sadoccasionwereMrs.Butler (mother),Mrs.J.Hodge(sister), Mr.J.Butler(brother),Mr.J. HodgeandMrs.J.Butler(brother-in-lawandsister-in-law), Kevin,JosephandWilliam Hodge(nephews),MaryHodge (niece),Mr.andMrs.McIntyre (uncleandaunt).

HisGracepresidedatthe OfficefortheDeadandatthe SolemnRequiemMass,which wascelebratedbyaboyhood friendandfellow-studentofthe deceasedpriest,theRev.Father AlbertLangmead,parishpriest ofOsbornePark,assistedbythe Rev.Dr.SullivanandtheRev. FatherJ.Russell,asdeaconand sub-deacon.

AssistingHisGraceatthe throneweretheRev.Father Robinson,C.SS.R.,andtheRev. FatherGeraldO'Callaghan.The mastersofceremonieswerethe Rev.FathersJ.O'FarrellandJ. Hogan;andtheMasswassung bythePriests'Choir,conducted byRev.FatherAlbertLynch.

AtKarrakattaCemetery,where thefuneralriteswereconducted byHisGracetheArchbishop,a largegatheringofclergyand peoplepaidalasttributetothe memoryofFatherButler.

FrederickGeorgeButlerwas borninSouthAustraliaonJune 10,1895.andcameasaninfant toBoulderCity,travellingwith hisparentsbycoachfromSouth. ernCross.Hewaseducatedat St.Joseph'sConventSchool, Boulder,andsubsequently,from 1906onwards,attheChristian Brothers'College,Kalgoorlie.It isworthyofmentionthatFred Butlerwasthefirststudentof thatCollegetoentertheranksof thePriesthood.Heisstillrememberedasaboywelllikedfor hismanyfinequalities,especially forhisgentlemanlydisposition andofhiskindlyservicestoshe priestsoftheparishandtothe SistersofSt.Joseph.Thesame spiritofkindlinesswasreflected inlateryears,sincethosewho knewhimbestremarkedamongsthisqualitiesthespiritofcharity;hewasneverheardtooffer anunfriendlyoruncharitable criticism.Itwasatouchingcoincidencethatoneofthepriests whoseMassheoftenservedin boyhoodday,theRev.FatherT. O'Gorman,waspresentathis death-bedtoadministertheLast Sacraments. Hisstudiesforthepriesthood weredoneatSpringwoodand Manly,whereamonghisfellow. studentsweretheRev.Dr.KearnanandtheRev.FatherGerald O'Callaghan,andfrom1914in theCollegeofPropaganda, Rome.Hewasordainedtothe PriesthoodonMarch30,1918,in theBasilicaofSt.Mary'sMajor, byHisEminenceCardinalPoin pili,andreturnedtoWestern Australiathefollowingyear. Duringtheyearsthatfollowed heservedinGuildford,West Perth,Cottesloe,Dardanuo,Busselton,VictoriaPark,andMaylands.Forsomeyearspa4t hehadbeeninEngland,where

Archbishop'sEngagements

July13: 9.30a.m.:CanonicalVisitation andConfirmation,atSt.Gerard'sChurch,Palmyra.

July16: CarmeliteConvent,Nedlands: 7a.m.:CelebrateMass. 9a.m.:PresideatSolemnHigh Mass.

July20: BlessfoundationstoneatConventofSt.JeromeAemilian, NativeMission,Wandering.

July27: ConfirmationandCanonical Visitation'atSt.Brigid's Church,MidlandJunction. 9.30a.m.:CelebrateMass, SacredHeart g, Church,Mundarin 3p.m.:ConfirmationatSt. Brigid'sChurch,Midland.

August3: 10.30a.m.:PresideSolemn HighMass,Redemptorist Monastery,NorthPerth,occasioncelebrationFeastofSt. Alphonsus.

August10: 7.30p.m.:Assistatcloseof SodalityRetreat(Sacred

duringthewarheservedasa Chaplain,especiallyduringthe bombings.Hewasactuallyat tendingpatientsinSt.Thomas' Hospitalwhenasubstantialpart ofitwasblowntopieces,will manydeathsresulting.Here. turnedtoPerthearlyinthis yearandwasappointedChap laintoCastledareJuniorOrphan. age,whereheremaineduntilhis death.

Tohismother,brotherandsister,andhismanyrelativesand friends,"TheRecord"extends itsdeepestsympathy. Mayherestinpeace.

St.Gertrude's Ex-Collegians

Thehalf-yearlymeetingwas heldsomeweeksagoandwas wellattended,themostpleasing featurebeingtheinteresttaken bytheyoungermembers.After thebusinesshadbeentransacted, Mr.A.Hallgavealectureon Hockey,andthatthiswas'well worthwhilewasprovedbythe successonthehockeyfieldthe followingweek,whenSt.Gertnide'shadawin.Ourthanks andappreciationMr.Hall.At theconclusionofthemeeting supperwasservedandenjoydd.

OnSunday,13th.inst.,membersandtheirfriendswillhold apicnicatNationalPark,the trainleavingPerthat10.40a.m. TheannualCabaretwillbeheld onthe16th.inst.,andonthe 27th.inst.ahockeymatchwillbe playedbetweenthePresentand Pastgirls,atLangleyPark,at 10a.m.WetrustthatthememberswillpatronisethesefunctionsandarrangeaBailparty.

THIRDORDEROFST. FRANCIS.

ExpositionisheldeveryTuesday,commencingwithHolyMass celebratedat8a.m.,intheChildrenofMaryChapel,Victoria Square.Acordialinvitationis extendedtoallTertiariesandto theCatholicpeopleingeneral,to assistatthisMassandtopay avisitduringtheday.ExpositionconcludeswithBenediction at5.15p.m.

ANNUALBALL.

TheAnnualBall,organisedby theex-collegiansofSt.Gertrude's andSt.Ildephonsus',hasbeenarrangedforWednesday,July16, andwillbeheldattheClubCabarita.Detailswillbeannouncedlaterrebookingoftablesand saleoftickets.Acombined committeeofthetwoAssociationshasmattersinhand.

HeartandHolyName),atSt. Mary'sCathedral.

August11: 9p.m.:Receivedebutantesat AnnualCatholicBall,atthe EmbassyBallroom.

August12: PresideSolemnRequiemMass, DiocesanPlainChantFestival, inSt.Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle.

August13: PresideSolemnRequiemMass, occasionPlainChantFestival, inSt.Mary'sCatherdal. 9p.m.:Receivedebutantesat SpringBall,Northam.

August19: ConfirmationandCanonical Visitation,atSt.Johnthe BaptistChurch,Toodyay.

August24: 9a.m.:ConfirmationandCan. anicalVisitation,atSt.Joseph'sChurch,Bassendean. 7.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitation,atSt. Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle.

August27: 7.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitation,St.Mary's Church,Guildford.

LEGION' OFMARY

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace, Exposition: ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentwillbeheldintheLegion ofMaryChapeleveryThursday attheaboveaddress.Acordialinvitationisextendedtoall Legionaries,bothactiveandauxiliary,andtotheCatholicpeopleingeneral,topayavisitduringtheday.Expositionwill conimenceafterHolyMass, whichiscelebratedat7.45a.m., andconcludewithBenedictionat 5.20p.m.

Rosary: TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 p.m.andagainat1.30p.m.Make apracticeofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary. LuncheonRooms: Theluncheonroomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m,Acupofteaisobtainabl4latthesmallcostof2d.This serviceisavailabletoall,and businessgirlsareespeciallyinvitedtospendtheirlunchhour inthehappyinvironmentofthe rooms.

DAYOFDEVOTION,SUNDAY, JULY20.

Inthanksgivingforthesuccess oftherecentLegionCongress, andtosynchronisewiththecaponisationofBlessedGrignionde Montfort,HighMasswillbe celebratedintheCathedralat11 a,m.ThesermonwillbepreachedbyRev.FatherBuist,C.SS.R., afterwhichtheBlessedSacramentwillbetakentotheLady Chapel,whereExpositionwillbe continuedallday.

Beginningat12.30,andthence half-hourly,theRosaryandLegionPrayerswillberecitedpublicly,ledbythepresidentof eachPraesidiuminthemetropolitanarea.

Itishopedthatmanyofthe laity,aswellasauxiliarymembersandreligiouswillfindit convenienttobepresentsome timeduringtheafternoon. Donationsofcandlesandflowerswillbeveryacceptableon Saturday.19th.inst.,tobeleft atCathedralorConvent. DevotionstoendwithRosary, sermonandBenedictionat7.30 p.m.

MONEYISNOTEVERYTHING.

Moneyisnoteverything,itis justahelp.Thewinnerofthe No.371CharitiesConsultation willbehelpedtotheextentof £3,000.Tryyourluck.

4

PriestBrothersVisitPerth

"AUSTRALIAAWONDERFULCOUNTRY"

Rev.FathersLouisandReneAshness,withtheirbrother,Father BertuiAshness,whodiedafewmonthsbeforetheendofthewar.

Afteryearsspentsuffering greatprivationsandhardship, manypeoplehavecometoAustraliaduringthelasttwelve monthsorso,hopingtoregain theirhealth.whichwasseriouslyimpairedbythewarandthe Japaneseoccupation.

Amongstthesevisitorstoour shoresaretwoMalayanpriests, FathersLouisandReneAshness, whoarenowstayingasguests oftheRectoroftheRedemptoristMonastery,NorthPerth. "Perthisawonderfulcity," theysay."Sinceourarrival

herewehavereceivednothing butkindnessfromall,clergyand laityalike.Peopleseemtogo outoftheirwaytobehelpfulto us,andatlastwerealisethat weareamongstfriends."

Theywereastoundedatthe flourishingstateoftheChurch inW.A.,andremarkedatthe greatcrowdsthatthrongour churchesforMassandBenediction."IfthepeopleofPerth don'tgetintoheaven,"theysaid. "thentheremustbesomething wrongwithSt.Peter."

CentralCatholicBookShop

36PterStreet,Perth

BOOKNEWS

SpiritualandGeneralBooks

Available:

OURLADY'SFEASTS.BySisterMaryJeanDorcy,O.P.13/6.

COLLECTEDWORKSOFTHE LITTLEFLOWER.ByFr. Dolan,O.Carm.12/6.

ENJOYINGTHENEWTESTAMENT.ByMargaretMunroe.10/-.

LITTLEFLOWERSOFST. FRANCISANDBRO.GILES. 4/3.

THETHEOLOGYOFST.PAUL. ByFernandPrat,S.J.2vols. 48/-.

PUBLICLIFEOFOURLORD. ByArchbishopGoodier. 2 vols.40/-.

BACKTOTHEBIBLE.By CuthbertLattey,S.J.8/-.

THESPLENDOUROFSORROW.ByEddieDoherty. 7/3.

THEREEDOFGOD.ByCaryll Houselander.9/..

THEFLOWERINGTREE.By CaryllHouselander.9/6. TOHEAVENTHROUGHA WINDOW(St.GerardMajella).ByFr.Carr,C.SS.R. 19/6.

EPISTLES&GOSPELSforSundaysandprincipalFeastsof theyear-newlytranslated intoEnglishbyFatherRonald Knox.16/6.

WESTMINSTER VERSIONS NEWTESTAMENT.VolI. andII.(12/6),III.andIV. 10/6.

FRANCISTHOMPSON-InHis Paths.ByTerenceL.Connolly.19/-.

IREMEMBERMAYNOOTH. Revisedandenlargededition byNeilKevin.12/-.

FRIEDRICHNIETZSCHE.By FrederickCopleston.S.J.20/-. ARTHURSCHOPENHAUER.By FrederickCopleston,S.J.20/-. HISTORYOFPHILOSOPHY. Vol,GreeceandRome.By FrederickCopleston,S.J.29/-

Duringthefewweeksthey havespentinPerththeyhave alreadymademanyfirmfriends, andindeeditwouldbeverydifficultnottolikethematfirst sight.Beforereturningtotheir Missionstheyhopetospenda fewmonthsinPerthandthena shorttimeintheEasternStates.

TheytoldusofthegoodimpressioncreatedbytheAustralianservicemeninSingapore,and howtheircarefreenatureand happydispositionservedtobreak downbarriersoflocalandracial prejudice.Theywereamazedat ourdemocraticwayoflifeand thelackofclassdistinctionin ourmidst.

Underneathacheerfuldispositionthatoftenbubbledoverinto anecdotesandtalesofthemissions,wecouldsenseavibrant apostolicspirit,andwhenthey toldusofthedifficultiesofthe missionlifeintheFarEast,we werefilledwithadmirationfor thosepriestsandnunsandbrotherswhohavesacrificedso muchinordertobringthelight oftheGospelintohomesand heartsofthesepeople.

InMalayawehavetheMalays proper,theoriginalinhabitants, whoaremainlyMohemmedans, andtheMalayanswhocomprise theotherswhohavesettledand livedthere.Thesearemainly Indians,Chinese.Burmese,and descendantsofEuropeanraces. Imaginehowdifficultwouldbe theworkofevangelisingthese. TheymustbeabletohearconfessionsinMalay,French,Englich,Tamil,Portuguese,JapaneseandseveraloftheChinese dialects.

TheDioceseofMalaccadates fromthetimeofStFrancis Xavier,andisunderthecareof theForeignMissionsofParis. Withapre-warCatholicpopula. tionofover80,000,andonly60 priests(35ofwhomarenative Malayans)toministertothem, wecangaugetheimmensityof theirtask.

'PHONE:B5754

THEHOODEDHAWK-The CaseofMr.Boswell.ByD. B.WyndhamLewis.20/, WEHAVEBEENFRIENDS TOGETHER.ByRaissaMaritain.24/3. WATERINTOGOLD.ByErnestineHill.7/6.

MARYANDHERSCAPULAR PROMISE.8/3. MYCAREERGOESBUNG.By MilesFranklyn.7/6. PERELAMY.ByCountBiver. 9/9.

DEATHOFAGENTLEMAN. ByChristopherHollis.10/-. ST.TERESA(3vols.).ByAllisonPeers.£419sset.

SOUTHERNSAGA.ByRoyConnolly.12/6. GREENDOLPHINtOUNTRY. B1ElizabethGoudge.14/-. IFEVERICEASETOLOVE. ByFrancesParkinsonKeyes. 12/6.

THERIVERROAD.ByFrancesParkinsonKeyes.12/6.

THEGREATDIVORCE.ByC. S.Lewis.12/-.

COLLECTEDVERSEOFA.B. (Banjo)PATTERSON.7/6.

THEAUSTRALIANLANGUAGE.ByS.J.Baker.21/-.

THERHYTHM.ByLeoJ. Latz,M.D.6/6. FIVEMINUTEBIOGRAPHIES. ByDaleCarnegie.9/-.

NEVERNOMORE.ByMaura Laverty.12/6. AUSTRALIANJOURNEY.By PaulMcGuire.13/6.

WESTWARDTHECOURSE.By PaulMcGuire.13/6, INTHESTEPSOFST.PAUL. ByH.V.Morton.16/9.

BENHALL.ByFrankClune. 10/6.

SCAPULARS-MEDALSPLAQUES-SUNDAYAND DAILYMISSALS.

PRAYERBOOKS-STATUEc! -CRUCIFIXES,etc.,etc.

DIOCESANHYMNCARDS:3s. adozen.

Theschools,runbytheDeLa SalleBrothersandtheDamesof Maur,areallassistedbythe Governmentandcaterforthe educationalandspiritualneeds ofthousandsandthousandsof boysandgirls,Indeeditis duetotheseschoolsthatthereis solittleracialunrestintheir midst.TheChinese,Indians, andMalayanshaveallbeento thesameschool,playthesame games,andso,havingbeen broughtuptogether,understand eachother'snaturesandfeelings. ThisisoneofthegreatestcontributionsthattheCatholic Churchhasbeenabletogiveto thecommunity.

Bothofthepriestsstudiedat theSeminaryofPenangwhere, beforethewar,thereviereover 140studentsofeveryraceand colourpreparingforthepriesthood.Theseminarysuffered greatlyduringtheoccupation, anditwilltakemanyyearsto buildituptoitspristine strength.

Theyhadmanytalestotellof theJapaneseoccupation.During thisunsettledperiodtheywere freetomovearoundthecity,but werealwaysunderclosesupervisionbytheJapanesepolite.It wasforbiddentoteachEnglishin theschools,andtheywerenot supposedtopreach. "There weremanyregulationsandrestrictions,"theysaid,"butafter awhilewelearnthowtocircumventthem."Theyopenlyadmit thatitwasonlytheguiding handofProvidencethatsaved themfromimprisonmentandthe firingsquad.

* * * *

OnedayaJapaneseofficerand abandofsoldierscametoacertainhouse.Theofficerentered andsearchedeveryroom.He finallycametooneofthebedrooms,andtherefoundthetwo daughtersofthehouseholdon theirkneesbeforeastatueof OurLady.Hestoodbehindthem forfullytenminutes,butduring thattimetheyneverfalteredbut continuedtorecitetheRosary together.Theofficersuddenly turned,lefttheroom,andhaving rejoinedhismen,orderedthem intolineandleftthehouse.

Afewdayslaterhereturned alone.Heaskedforacupof tea,andthenlookedatthetwo girls."Youremembermylast visithereafewdaysago,"he said."Well,Icamethento takeyoutwoaway,butwhenI sawyouinfrontofthatstatue, Idon'tknowwhosheis,butshe remindedmeofourgoddessof mercy,Isuddenlyrealisedthat therewasSomeonegreaterthan us,andthat'swhyIdidn'thave thehearttodowhatintended,"

PROVISIONAL

TheEnglish,ScottishandAustralianBankCompanyLimited. SOLICITORS.

L.G.Wood,BA.,LL.B.,42St.George'sTerrace,Perth. Joseph,MuirandWilliams,98St.George'sTerrace,Perth AUDITOR.

FrankJ.Murphy,CharteredAccountant(Aust.),Suite3, GroundFloor,MercantileMutualBuilding,179St.George's Terrace,Perth.

SECRETARY(ProTern)ANDREGISTEREDOFFICE

C.A.Parkinson,A.A.I.S.,Suite3,GroundFloor,Mercantile MutualBuilding,179St.George'sTerrace,Perth.

OBJECTSOFTHECOMPANY.

TheCompanyisbeingformedforthepurpose(interalia) ofacquiringthebusinessnowcarriedoninWesternAustrala,by theVendor,PellegriniandCo.,Pty.,Limited,registeredinNew SouthWales, TheVendorhasagreedtosupplytheCompanywithallproductsandmerchandisewhichithassuppliedtothebusinessinthe past,andalsoanynewlinesthattheVendormayimportor manufactureatthesamepriceasithasbeenthecustomtocharge theminthepastsubjecttoanyadjustmentpermittedbythe PriceFixingauthorities. AleaseoftheStrandCafeinMarketStreet,Fremantle,has beenobtainedandwillbeconvertedintoamodernbusinesspremises.TheFederalMinisterforImmigrationhasmadestatementsthatFremantlewillbeaterminalPortforallUnited Kingdomimmigrantships,anditisanticipatedthatforsome timetocomeallshippingCompanieswillmakeFremantletheir terminalinordertoshortenthetimeofthejourney.

ItisanticipatedthatBranchesoftheCompanywillalsobe openedatKalgoorlieandotherprincipaltownsinWestern Australia.

TheCompanyisfortunateinhavingretainedtheservicesof Mr.RaymondLonerganasManager.Mr.Lonerganhasbeen associatedwiththeVendorCompanyinvariousStatesforthepast 29years,andforthelast7yearshasbeenresidentManagerfor theVendorinthis State.

AGREEMENTSANDMEMORANDUM&ARTICLES.

Copiesoftheabovemaybeinspectedattheregisteredoffice oftheCompany.

DIVIDENDRIGHTS.

Allprofitsinexcessof5%onthePreferenceSharesand8% onOrdinarysharesshallbedistributedbetweenthetwoclassesin proportiontothecapitalpaidthereon.

APPLICATIONFORSHARES.

Forms,ofapplicationareavailablefromtheSecretary(pro tem),asisthefullandunabridgedProspectus.Allotmentswill bemadestrictlyinorderofreceipt,andthelistwillclosewhen fullysubscribed.Theordinaryshareswillbeissuedstrictlyin rationtothepreferenceshares,i.e.,7ordinariesforeach8preferencesharesappliedfor.Applicationsforordinaryshares onlywillnotbeconsidered.TheprovisionaldirectorsmayproceedtoallotmentwhenFifteenthousandshareshavebeenappliedfor.'Exchangemustbeaddedtoallchequesotherthan thosedrawnonbankswithinthemetropolitanareaofPerth; theyshouldbecrossed"NotNegotiable,"andmadepayableto theCompany.

BYORDEROFTHEBOARD: C.A.Parkinson,Secretary, Suite3,GroundFloor, MercantileMutualBuildings, 179St.GeorgesTerrace, PERTH.

FreshMilkDaily

SUPPLIEDBYM.WADEandSONS

47ALBERTSTREET,NORTHPERTH. 'PHONEB9614.

BARTLETTOSTUDIO

TrinityBuildings,HayStreet,Perth-Established50years WeddingsaSpecialty

PHONE:B3851

WEAVER&LOCK

HIGH-CLASSAERATEDWATERS

Tel.MU149.

WESPESALISEINCORDIALS. SUBURBANROAD,SOUTHPERTH.

BARRANDSTROUDBINOCULARS OBTAINABLENOWAT

STRONGLYMADE, LIGHTINWEIGHT. NONE BETTER, AND THEY'REBRITISH.

KIRBY'S Jewellers

PLAZA ARCADE, PERTH.

'PHONE:B7388. L.HARTY,Manager (LateDunklings,Ltd.).

REMOVALOFPRACTICE

F.C.O.YEATESF.I.O.(Hons.),W.A.O.A.(Dip.)

OPTOMETRIST

NEWADDRESS:-ROOMS61.67,3rd.FLOORA.N.A.H01781 :LateR.A,A,F,Hqrs.)ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH.

HOURS:-MondaytoFriday:9a.m.to5.30p.m.

Saturday:9am.to12.30p.m.

'PHONE:B3620

TIIE

EHOUSEWIFE

willfindaglassof PENGUINSTOUT beneficial beyondwords. TakenatBedtime, itssoothing QualitiesaidSleep, andprovidethat tonicnourishment sonecessary forHealth. ISGOOD FORYOU....

AtMassinMoscowwithMarshall andBidault

TragicReligiousPlight ofRussians

AcorrespondentoftheLondon "Tablet"whowasinMoscowfor theForeignMinisters'ConferencewroteonEasterSunday: "Imadeitmybusinesstoget intouchwiththepriestassoon aswearrivedhere,fourweeks ago.Heisaremarkableand courageousman,anAssumptionist:French-Canadian,fromAmerica.HisnameisG.A.Laberge,andIimaginehimtobe about33or35.TheChurchisa FrenchChurchofSt.Louis,built alittleover100yearsago,in basilicastyle,bythearchitect whodesignedtheBolshoiOpera Househere.Itispartlyenclosedbyheavyanddirtybuildings, buthasanopenspaceinfront, atthistimeankledeepinslush andusuallyoccupiedbythecars ofthespiesfromtheLubianka, whichisveryneartoit.Inside, theChurch,thoughbadlyneeding re-decorating,isratherfine. Therearesomegoodpicturesand somelovelygoldfiligreecandelabra,awidesanctuary,andtwo sidechapels.

"FatherLabergeisalonebut hasthree(French,Ithink)servers.Oneisanelderlymanwho actsassacristan,andtheothers areyoungmen,possiblyconnectedwiththeFrenchEmbassy. Thetwofrontpewsarereserved fortheFrenchAmbassadorand hisstaff.Therearealsoseveral. oldishwomen,whomItooktobe French,whotaketheoffertory andhelpgenerally.OnPassion Sunday,thepriestwasill,and ofthesewomenledthecongregationinthe"chapelet"asthere werenoMasses. Ibelieveanotherpriestiscoming.

"EverySundaythechurchis crammed.ShadesofL.C.C.and otherregulations!Theworship perspackthepewsandstand shouldertoshoulderinthecentreandsideaisles.It'sastruggletogetuptothereserved pewinfront.Oneisinspired anddepressedbythecongregation.Theyaremostlyold-some veryold-Russianwomen,witha sprinklingofoldmen.Theyare Russian,withsomeHaltsand someNiles.Mostofthemlook likebundlesofancientbrown paperwithabitoftired,lined andgrimyfacelookingout.Most ofthemwearoldrubbertop-boots orleatherbootswithwoollenextensions;almostallhaveacough. Theatmospheremaybeimagined!

"Therestofthecongregation consistsofpeoplefromthe FrenchEmbassy,afewchildren, also,probablyFrench,and,for thelastfewweeks,someAmericans-andmyself.

"Theunnoticedsectionofthe congregation-butalwaysthereis,asFr.Labergedescribedto me,'theboysfromacrossthe way,'i.e.,fromtheLibiankaPrison,nowbeingrepairedandextendedandwithgreyandbedraggledsoldierswithfixedbayonetsguardingitoutside.

"Wheneveronegoesintothe church-andthisisapointCatholicsathomeshouldneverforget-therearetwoorthree M.V.D.agentsstandingwellhiddeninhousebasementsnearthe churchstepsandinthechurch grounds,watchingtoseewho goesin.Onedisregardsthem, ofcourse,buttheyaresinister andunpleasantfigures.

"EachSundaythereisaLow Massat9a.m.,HighMassat11 a.m.,andanotherLowMassat noon.AteachMassFr.Labergepreachesasermon.Each sermonispreachedinFrench, EnglishandRussian. He preaches,therefore,ninetimes eachSundaymorning.Toavoid allmisunderstandingandtohave apermanentrecord,eachsermon iswrittenoutineachlanguage andread,butreadveryeffectively.TheFatherpreacheswell tothepoint,crisply,simply,but nottoosimply.Thepreparation ofthesesermonsaloneisaformidabletask.

"Awordaboutthismorning's Masses.Mr.Marshall.though notaCatholic,attendedthefirst LowMasswithGeneralBedell Smith,whoisone.M.andMme. Bidault,withGeneralCatroux andvariouspeoplefromthe FrenchEmbassyattendedHigh Mass.Awayhadtobeforced throughthejammedcrowdfor themtoreachtheirplaces.Both wentupthroughtherailtothe

-althoughnotaCatholic,Mr. MarshallattendedMassinMoscow.

afraidtoturnincaseheoffends Communistopinion.Hesaid thatthecalltosavecivilisation comesnotfromFrancebutfrom America.Ican'tsaymorenow, butitmaymeseenbythetime yougetthisletterthatBidault hasnotdonetoobadlyhere.

"TheMasswasfollowedby Benediction.Iforgottosay thereisanorgan,orpossibly harmonium,andasmallwomen's choir,whichsangtheMasswell. AtthebeginningofBenediction, weallsang: "0filiietfiliae, Rexcoelestis, RexGloriae Mortesurrexithodie, Alleluia."

Bidaultwasathomeagain. altarstepsforCommunion;when theyreturnedavastcrowdsurgedtotherail.Itwashardnot tocryalittletoseethesepoor, depressed,bedraggledoldpeople, someofthemliterallydragging themselvestotherail,butkneelingwithsuchutterdevotionto receivetheBodyoftheirSaviour.

"OnefeltthatBidault,asit were,sankintothechurchwith thefeelingofbeingathome again.He'satragicfigurehere:

"Notfaraway,crowdswere filingintotheblackandredmarblemausoleumtoseeLenin'sremains.ThisisatreatintreatstarvedMoscow. Ihaveseen manychildren,afterleavingthe mausoleum,rushroundexcitedly andjointhequeuetogoin again.Thecontrastbetween theEmptyTombthisdayand thistombofgrinninghateisso overwhelmingthatthereisno needtoelaborateit,butitisas overwhelmingasthetragedyof thispeople,Whenweprayfor Russia,couldwenotremember Fr.Laberge,atrueshepherd,in hislonelyandhostileoutpost?"

Life-TimeFortuneandChristianity

"THEMIDDLEAGES."

Certainlyoneofthemoststartlingculturalphenomenaofthe momentisthecurrentopenness ofmindinAmericaregardingreligion.Itwouldbeverydangeroustogeneralisesweepingly onthissubject,sincetheattitude ofthegreatbulkofAmericans probablyremainssubstantially thesameasithasbeenforthe pastgeneration.Butitmay safelybesaidthatacertainelite inthiscountry,whichafew yearsagowasdistinguishedfor itsyawningindifferenceifnot foritspositiveantipathytoreligiousideas,hassuddenlysufferedasea-change.Particularly strikingbecauseofitshighvisibilityistheopenmanifestation ofthischangeinthe"Time-LifeFortune"publications.Itis,of course,truethatthesemagazines havenotchangedsuddenly.The windbegantoblowinthepresentdirectionfiveorsixyears ago,witheditorialsin"Life"on theneedfortheologyandwith JacquesMaritainafeaturedcontributorto"Fortune," "Life's"recentsplurgesonthe RenaissanceandtheMiddleAges representsomesortofclimaxin theshiftingattitudetowardorthodoxChristianity.TheRenaissancepiece,publishedMarch 3,wasextraordinaryinthatit singledoutanItalianchurchman whowaslikewiseaPopeasits hero;amongEnglish-speaking peoplethisisquitecontraryto tradition,whichislikelytofavourforitsRenaissanceheroes meninrevoltagainsttheChurch. Thoughnomoreextraordinary, thecurrentarticleontheMiddle Ages(April7)isevenmoreconspicuousbyvirtueofitsamazing exaltationbothofSaintThomas andofDante.

Evenmorejoltingistheeditorialinthesameissue,whichis anoutrightappealformysticism inreligion,includingsuchflat statementsas:"Religionisnot the'brotherhoodofman'."" nocodeofethicsisanadequate substituteforreligion.""Itwas ChristHimselfWho,bydying andnotdying,revealedtobelieverstheunityofthetwoworlds, whichwecelebrateatEaster." Whileallthiswasobviouslynot writtenbyaCatholic,itcomesso perilouslyclosetoCatholicism thatweareindeedleftwonder. ing.

Andsincethewholebusiness isclearlymotivatedbygoodwill, Catholicsshouldconsiderallthis writingwithspecialcare;forit candoagreatdealtoenlighten them,especiallywithregardto anintellectualrevolutionwhich makesthebasicteachingsoT Christianitymoreattractivethan theyhavebeeninmanygenerations.

Atthesametime,thisgreater attractivenessmakesthefailinss ofChristianseven,morerepulsive.

-"Commonweal,"N.Y.,April

MIDLANDJUNCTION

AnnualCatholicBall

FIDAY,AUGUST29,1947.

DebutanteswishingtobepresentedshouldimmediatelycontactMissEileenBerrigan,75 MorrisonRoad,MidlandJunction,orMrs.Horan,Clune's Pharmacy,MidlandJunctnon.

'Phone:U.J.99.

S 4

*AroundtheWorld

AFRICANCHIEFSATCANONISATION.

TheKingoftheCongowas amongthe800pasengerswho sailedonSunday,June15,from LisbonintheGovernment-charteredliner,Mousinho,forthe canonisationinRomeonJune29 ofBlessedJohndeBritto,the PortugueseJesuitMartyr.The pilgrims.whocamefromall partsofPortugalanditsoverseaspossessions,andincluded severalAfricanchiefs,travelled astheguestsofthePortuguese Government.Onepartyfrom MozambiquewasledbyCardinal Gouveia.Giftsofgoldanddiamondsweremadebythepilgrims totheHolyFather.

A NOVELPAPALACCLAMATION.

Thetraditionalcryof"IlPapa" wasreplacedonSunday,June15, inSt.Peter'sSquarebythenoise ofenginesandtheblaringof horns.Thepilgrimswerehundredsofmotor-cyclistswhoarrivedattheVaticanafterattendingMassinhonouroftheirnewly-electedpatron,OurLadyof Grace.TheHolyFather,who appearedatthebalconyinresponsetotheclamour,appeared amusedatthenovelsalutation.

BISHOP'SOUTSPOKENCRITICISMOFAMERICAN CATHOLICS.

AddressingtheNationalCatholicConferenceonFamilyLife, heldinChicagorecently,Most Rev.JohnF.Noll,BishopofFort Wayne,Indiana,indulgedinsome a straight-from-the-shouldercriticismofAmericanCatholics.

Socialevils,hesaid,aremost prevalentwhereCatholics,and notProtestants,live.

"Thereareonly7,000,000membersoftheProtestantchurches inthe50largestcitiesinthe

UnitedStates,wherethere

20,000,000ofus,"BishopNoll said."Eightypercentofthe Protestantaffliationisrural,and itisinruralAmericawherefamilylifeismostwholesomeand wherethedivorcerateislowest."

BishopNollpointedoutthat one-halfofthemarriagesendin divorce,"wherethebulkofCatholicslive."Hesaiditiswhere Catholicsresidethat"thebigmotionpicturehousesarelocated, thefilthymagazinesracksthe taverns,andgamblinghalls.

"Sycophants."

Inthelargecities,whereCatholicsconstitutefromone-third totwo-thirdsoftheentirepopulation."theBishopdeclared,"we shouldlonghavebeenexerting leadershipascampaignersfor Christ.Instead,ourpeople havebeensycophanticfollowers."

Heassailed"theperniciousinfluence"oftheradio,weeklyand monthlymagazines,dailynewspapersandmotionpictures.

"OnlyduringthebriefChristmasseasoneachyear,"hesaid, "doestheradioconveyagood thoughttotheheadsofparents andchildren."

Newspapers,headded,"reek withtheworldlyspirit;theaveragemagazinefeaturestheportrayaloftheworstinhuman'behaviour;themoviemakeslight ofthethingswhichthelittle Catechismteachesthechildare wrong,andmakesitwonder whetheritsChurchisright."

EvilBooks.

Hesaidmagazineshavebecomeless,offensiveduringthe pastfewyearsbecauseofthe activitiesoftheNationalOrganisationforDecentLiterature, whichwasformedin1938.

Books,however,BishopNoll charged,are"becomingworse fromyeartoyear."Mostbest. sellers,hestated,"offendoften againstmorals,andtheybecome 'best-sellers'notontheirmerits, butthroughthenewmethodof distribution,"bybookclubs.

UNIQUEMARIANCONGRESS.

ThebiggestinternationalCatholicdemonstrationfor10years hasjustconcludedinCanada, whereforfivedayssolemnreligiousgatheringsofferedprayer forajustpeace,throughtheintercessionoftheBlessedVirgin. Theoccasionwasthatofthe MarianCongressinOttawa,attendedbyprelatesfromsixcountries,includingtheUnitedStates, Ireland,France,CubaandVati-

MR.MACKENZIEKING.

canCity,aswellastheDominionofCanada.HisHoliness thePope,whowasrepresented officiallyattheCongressbyHis EminenceCardinalMcGuigan, spckkebyradiotothecrowdswho attendedSolemnPontificalMass onJune22,the"DayofConsecration."Twentyallegorical chariots,representingthemain episodesinthelifeoftheMother ofGod,movedinprocessionalong thepicturesquedrivewaybythe RideauCanal,Ottawa,onthe Saturdaynight,whenthousands ofpeopleassembledtowatchthe spectacle.ThroughouttheCongress,thePrimeMinisterof Canada(Mr.MackenzieKing) andGovernorsoftheProvinces identifiedthemselvesfullywith theChurchcelebrations.The Governor-General(LordWavell) himselfentertainedthePapalLegateasheadofthecivilauthoriityinCanada.Theworld-famousDionneQuintupletscontributedsolostotheprogrammesofreligiousmusic,whichinterspersed thedemonstrations.

Y.C.W.ADVANCEIN VICTORIA.

1,000youngworkersinthe Y.C.W.Co-operativeHousingSociety;30memberslivingintheir ownhomes;175membersbuilding. 74Catholicyouthsplacedin Catholicboardinghousesorprivatehomesinthepastnine months.

40branchesparticipatinginthe savingsscheme.

57youngworkersplacedin suitableemployment.

65branchesinMelbournediocesewithatotalmembershipof 5,000-anincreaseof1,000.

Theseextracts,indicativeof progressandutility,arefrom thereportpresentedtothefirst annualStateconferenceofY.C.W. chaplainsandleadersinMelbourneheadquartersonJune15 and16.95delegatesfrom77 branchesattended.

CATHOLICSSCOOPMEDICAL SCHOOL.

Catholicmedicalstudents,attachedtoSt.Vincent'sHospital, wonthemajorhonours,prizes, andexhibitionsatthisyear's Universitymedicalexaminations. Theysecuredeighthonoursin medicine,ninehonoursinobstetricsandgynecology,andsix honoursinsurgery.

FATHERWORMS,P.S.M.

AtaGeneralChapterofthe PallottineFathers,1141atRome, May15-25,VeryRev.A.Turowski,P.S.M.,ofthePolishProvince,waselectedRector-General oftheSociety.TheformerRector,Rev.FatherHoffmann,who heldtheofficeduringthelast10 years,isnowfirstcounsellor. Anothercounsellor'isanIrishman,'Rev.E.Ryan,P.S.M.The ChapterwasattendedbyRev. E.Worms,P.S.M.,andRev.B. Kupke,P.S.M.,fromAustralia.

PIEINTHESKY

ByPETERMAURIN.

I.BOURGEOISCAPITALISTS-

1.BourgeoisCapitalists don'twanttheirpie inthesky whentheydie; theywanttheirpie hereandnow.

2.Togettheirpie hereandnow BoureoisCapitalists giveus betterandbigger commercialwars forthesakeofmarkets andrawmaterials.

3.ButasShermansays: "Warishell."

4.Sowegethell hereandnow becauseBourgeoisCapital, ists don'twanttheirpie inthesky whentheydie, butwanttheirpie hereandnow.

II,BOLSHEVISTSOCIALISTS.

1.BolshevistSocialists likeBourgeoisCapitalists don'twanttheirpie inthesky whentheydie; theywant'theirpie hereandnow.

2.Togettheirpie hereandnow BolshevistSocialists giveus betterandbigger classwars forthesake ofcapturingthecontrol ofthemeansofproduction anddistribution.

3,Butwarishell whetheritis acommercialwar oraclasswar.

4.Sowegethell hereandnow becauseBolshevistSocialists don'twanttheirpie inthesky whentheydie, butwanttheirpie hereandnow.

III.CATHOLICCOMMUNIONISM.

1.BolshevistSocialists, aswellas BourgeoisCapitalists, giveushell hereandnow without leavingusthehope ofgettingourpie inthesky.

2.Wejust gethell.

3.CatholicCommunionism leavesusthehope ofgettingourpie inthesky whenwedie without givingushell hereandnow.

THIRDORDERSINMODERN WORLD.

VATICANCITY.

"ProvideMaterEcclesia."

The"OsservatoreRomano,"of March14,publishedthetextof theApostolicConstitution"ProvideMaterEcclesia,"governing "secularinstitutes,"whichitdefinesas"clericalorlaysocieties whosememberspractisetheevangelicalcounselswhilelivingin theworldorder,striveforChristianperfection,andexercisethe apostolate."Itwentontodescribetheiressentialelements andfundamentalconstitution, andtodefinetheirjuridical status.

The"OsservatoreRomano," commenting,saidthat"athird categoryhasbeencreated,inadditiontothereligiousOrderand thereligiousCongregation,with thepurposeofcompletingthe conceptofthestateofperfectioninitseffectiveoperation withintheChurchitself.""In additiontoextendingtoimmense numbersofpersons,thepossibilityofpractisingthedictatesof theevangelicalcounselsunder conditionsthatareabsolutelysecure,becausetheyareplacedundertheunfailingguidanceofsupremeauthority,thissignifiesthe

creationofadequatemeansfor theformationoffutureinstrumentsofzeal,fittedforactive labourandapostolicconquests." AsthereligiousOrderswere characteristicofthemedieval ChurchandCongregationsofthe post-TridentineChurch,soare SecularInstitutesoftheChurch inthemodernworld."Provide MaterEcclesia"isthesequelto LeoXIII'sConstitution,''ConditaeaChristo,"whichrecognisedCongregationswithsimple vowsastruereligiousfamilies.

ThefirstSecularInstituteto beapprovedunderthenewConstitutionistheOpusDeiSoicety, foundedinMadridinOctober, 1928,byFatherJose-MariaEscriva,withtheapprovalofthe BishopofMadrid-Alcala.Itbeganinformallyamonguniversity students,todoapostolicandcharitableworkinthecityunder FatherEscriva.Ayearlatera women'sbranchwasformed, andonthefifteenthanniversary ofthefoundationitreceivedrecognitionfromtheHolySeein theformofa"NihilObstat."In thenatureofthesocietymostof itsmembershavebeenlaymen, butanumberofthemhavegone fromittothepriesthood.The Madrid"Signo"saysof"Provide MaterEcclesia"thatit"changes theworldintoagiganticmonastery."

"ONEDAY,THROUGHTHEROSARYANDTHE SCAPULAR,MARYWILLSAVETHEWORLD." (SC,\I'LLARFEAST-JULY16).

BROWNSCAPULARS

No.1Plain 6d. Pinked 9d.

Nn.2Plain 4d. WashableTapestry 1/6 (LightorDarkCords). (PostageExtra.)

Areavailablefrom:THEMARIANCENTRE, 75WrightStreet,MiddlePark,S.C.6,Victoria.M.X.5533 Telegrams:"Whitefriars,Melbourne."

PiusXII

BookShop

SUPPLY AND COMES

'Phone:B5754. WILLWANT SHORTLY. WEWILLADVISE TOHAND.

Perth

TheLate Mr.Joseph Monaghan

ANAPPRECIATION.

(ByW.D.)

Thebright,cheerypersonality ofMr.JoeMonaghanhasdepartedfromamongstus.Wewill misshim,particularlythoseof uswhohadbeenassociatedwith himineffortsfortheadvance. entofournativeland.Hewas alwaysamongsttheforemostof theadvanceguardinsuchmatters,andsparedneitherhimself norhismaterialinterestsinhis desiretosee.justicedonetoIreland.Duringalonglifetime, mostofwhichhadbeenspentin WesternAustralia,therewasno appealmade,nocommitteeformed,nomeetingheldforIreland's causewithwhichJoeMonaghan wasnotintimatelyandusefully associated.

Buthissterlingworthandactiveintelligencedidnoteither beginorendwithpatriotsefforts.HewasalsoagreatCatholic,anddidnotbegrudgehis substanceorhistimeorhisenergyinworkingforhisChurch. Infact,aswithmanyothergood Irishmen,Churchandnationalitywereintimatelyandinseparablyassociated.Hefelt,and rightlyso,thattoworkforone wastoworkfortheother.He nevercompromised.Hestood foursquareagainsteveryadversewind,lettheconsequences bewhattheymight.

Comingasayoungmantothe Stateintheearlynineties,he wasamongsttheearlyCoolgardiepioneers.Whileonthe Goldfieldsheassociatedhimself duringalongresidencewithall publicactivities,andwasMayor ofCoolgardieformanyyears. Heafterwardsspentmanyrears inFremantle,andlaterstillin Narrogin.Whereverhislotwas carthispublicspirit,hisbenevolence,andhischeeryand brightpersonalityendearedhim toeverysectionofthecommun ity,andheearnedandreceived sherespectandesteemofall.He haslettbehindhim'afamilyo adaughterandthreesons,w arefaithfullycarryingoutth traditionstheyhaveinherited Ourdeepsympathyisextend tothemintheirloss,butitmus beagreatconsolationtothem knowthattheyhavealovedan reveredmemorytolookbac upon.Hislifemightwellsere asanexampletousallofsin ceredevotiontoreligiousprin ciplesandenduringloveforhi Church,ofdeepaffectionforhi nativeland,andsolicitudefori welfare;ofloveforthefamil andaffectionforandloyaltyt hisfriends.

Hislifewasgentle;andtheel ments Somixedinhim,thatnatu mightstandup Andsaytoalltheworld:"Thi wasaman."

RACINGSELECTIONS

By"TheHawk."

W.A.T.C.

MR.

Telephones:

Business-B4308.Private-W1603-B3376

Saturday,July12,1947. WaroonaHandicap:Solyolis 1;ElArena,2;Gilgering,3. YarloopPurse(1):Trehair, MissAgnes,2;Isobar,3. YarloopPurse(2):Prins Clair,1;Cammillio,2;Camel, Hunters'Handicap:Gloaman 1;Monk'sGem,2;SlrAgrion, HarveyPurseHandicap:Try hair,1;Carrageen,2;Wenbu 3.

PictonTrial:SandyMcNab, Hurlingham,2;SiLang,3. BoyanupWelter:Yoantee, Taminick,2;SilverTail,3. 441,4

HaveYourRacquetRestrung RepairedbyNorm.Keast,exec stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

44 DEATHS if

BUTLER-OnJuly4,1947,at Castledare,Cannington,Rev. FatherFredG.Butler,lovingt sonofAliceM.Butler(236/ Cambridge-street,Wembley)t andthelateJ.P.Butler(form-( erlyofBoulder),lovedbro. therofKathleen(Mrs.J. Hodge)aridJoe,uncleofi Kevin,Joseph,BillandMary Hodge,KathleenandShiela Butler.brother-in-lawofCon-I nieandJack;aged52years.I R.I.P.

CLOHESSY.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofAnnaBrigidClohessy,recentlydeceased. MostSacredHeartofJesus, I havemercyonhersoul. I -InsertedbyHighgateBranch Y.C.W.

CONNAUGHTON.-Ofyour charity,pleaseprayforthereposeofthesoulofMrs.Cather. ineConnaughton,recentlyde ceased. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul. -InsertedbyHighgateBranch, Y.C.W.

014INMEMORIAM44

FENNESSY.-Ofyourcharity, prayfor'thereposeofthesoul ofThomasDavidFennessy, fatherofJohnFennessy,and Edmond,andMrs.EllenMarie O'Reilly,Mrs.M.A.Ahern, Mrs.T.A.Quinlan,brother-inlawofJohnQuinlan. Nooneknowshowwemiss youTom,butGod'sblessed arethosethatmourn,forthey shallbecomforted. -Insetedbyhislovingsister, Mrs.E.MarieO'Reilly.

FUDGRE.-Infondmemoryof Harry,whodiedJuly4,1942. Everrememberedbyhisloving brother,Charlie,Vonnie,Bernard,Charlene. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhissoul.

O'HARA.-Inlovingmemoryof ourdearsonandbrother,Bernard(R.A.A.F.),wholosthis lifeJuly18,1943. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhim. --Insertedbyhislovingparents,brothersandsisters.

WANTEDTOBUY.

Suburbsorcity,smallhouse, brickforpreference.Cash buyer.Noagents.ApplyJ.K., thisoffice.

house,adultcouple; ' goodlocality;cashoffer.Apply "Professional,"thisoffice.

TOLET.

Onelargedoubleandtwosin;glefurnishedroomstolet;with useofcons.,'phone,etc;good 'transport.N40,thisoffice.

' SITUATIONVACANT. WantedCatholicwomanor girlasgeneralhelp,incountry home;wages50s.perweekclear, ApplyBox24,Trayning.

Shorthand-Typistwanted,age

516-18years,forofficeofcharteredaccountant(Aust.)and H.A.C.B.Society.ApplyW. IvanKeoghandCo.,7th.Floor, C.M.L.Buildings,55St.George's Terrace,Perth,or'phoneB7510. AddDeaths.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S

t LEAGUE

; Asocialeveningwillbeheldin theRooms,NestleHouse,on eMondayevening,21st.inst.All 3.membersareaskedtocomeand a,enjoyapleasantevening.

B. DonationstoDistressedEuropeonPriests'Fund:Mrs.Kenny, r,£1;AnonymousSubscriber,£2. 1; EUCHREPARTY.

L; ST.FRANCISXAVIER SCHOOL,EASTPERTH. EUCHREPARTY. onWEDNESDAYEVENING, ,JULY16,andeveryWEDNESDAYEVENING,at8o'clock. " TastySupperProvided.

DISCRIMINATIONS

(ContinuedfromPage5.)

oraiseagainsteveryradioplay

haveheard.Itseemsthat hereissomefundamentalprinipleofradioplayproduction whichlaysdownthatnotasecnd'ssilencewillbeallowed;or sthisindecenthastetheconseluenceofhavingtofitatwo-hour scriptintoonehour?Still,the atterargumentcouldnotbe urgedinfavourof"TheVicarof Wakefield,"whichlasted 11 ours;and,inanycase,itisnot svalidargumentatall.

Comparethespeedofradio amawiththespeedofstage dfilmproductions.Onthe stageandonthescreennormal ausesoccur;muchisconveyed yaglance,asignificantsilence, stc.Isitnotnecessaryfor thingstosinkinovertheradio? -oristheimaginationofthe ordinaryindividualsostuntedas tobeincapableofcoping*ith venamoment's'let-upinthe verbalbarrage?

Difficultyofcompletecharacterdevelopmentbymeansof voiceonly-andespeciallyunder presentworkingconditions-was snottiermatteroverwhichI musedasIlaybackinthetooomfortablearmchairwhichtoo ofteninducesradioapathy.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

PENFRIENDWANTED..

WardNo.2,PigeonHouseSanatorium,Ringsend,Dublin, Eire.

Sir,-Iamapatientinthe hovehospital,andhaveread `TheRecord,"whichispublishtdbyyourfirm.AsIamvery onlyhere,Iwoulddeemita reatfavourifyouwouldtryto ndthrough"TheRecord"apenriendwithwhomIcouldcorrespond.-Yours,etc.,

THOMASO'MAHON.

a

DissolutionofCominternWasGreatestHoax "PutOver"Democracies

Itisnotwithinourprovince toinvestigatespyingactivitiesin othercountries,butsomeofthe activitiescarriedoninCanada weresolinkedwithwhathappenedelsewhere,thatwefeel boundtomentiontheminthis Report.

MILITARYESPIONAGE.

Ingeneral,themilitaryespionagenetworkinCanada,headed byColonelZabotin,wasaselfcontainedunitdirectedfrom Moscow.Attimes,however, thedocumentsfromColonelZabotin'ssecretarchivesreferspecificallytoespionagenetworksin othercountries.Someofthese documentsrelatetothe"handing over"fromoneespionagenetworktoanotherofagentswho havemovedorareabouttomove toCanadafromanothercountry orfromCanadatoanothercountry. Thusinthesummerof1945,it becameknownthatDr.Alan NunnMaywouldbelikelyto leaveCanadashortlyforworkin theUnitedKingdom.Thisgave risetoaseriesoftelegramsbetweenMoscowandtheSoviet MilitaryAttacheinOttawa,of whichGouzenkobroughtthree.

TheDirectorinMoscowwired

6 ZabotininOtawaonthe30th ofJuly,1945,asfollows: No.10458. 30.7.45.

ToGrant.

ReferenceNo.218.

Workoutandtelegrapharrangementsforthemeetingand thepasswordofAlekwithour maninLondon.Trytoget fromhimbeforedeparturedetailedinformationontheprogressoftheworkofuranium. Discusswithhim:doeshethink itexpedientforourundertaking tostayonthespot:willbebe abletodothatorisitmore usefulforhimandnecessaryto departforLondon? Director.27.7.45. Grant. 31.7.45.

MUSEUMMEETING.

ZabotinwiredtheDirector earlyinAugustonthismatter:

TotheDirector, .244 WehaveworkedouttheconditionsofameetingwithAlek inLondon.Alekwillworkin King'sCollege,Strand.Itwill bepossibletofindhimthere throughthetelephonebook.

Meetings:October7.17.27on thestreetinfrontoftheBritish Museum.Thetime,11o'clockin theevening.Identificationsign: anewspaperundertheleftarm. Password:Bestregardsfrom Mikel(Maik1). 'HecannotremaininCanada.AtthebeginningofSeptemberhemustflyto London.Beforehisdeparture hewillgototheUraniumPlant inthePetawawadistrict,where hewillbeforabouttwoweeks. Hepromised,ifpossible,tomeet usbeforedeparture.Hesaid thathemustcomenextyearfor amonthtoCanada.Wenanded over500dollarstohim. Grant. ThisarrangementdidnotwhollymeetwiththeDirector'sapproval,andon22nd.Augustwe findhisreply: 11955. 228.45.

ToGrant. ReferenceNo.244.

Thearrangementsworkedout forthemeetingarenotsatisfactory. 1aminformingyouof newones.

1.Place: InfrontoftheBritishMuseuminLondon,onGreatRussell-street,attheoppositesideof thestreet,aboutMuseum-street, fromthesideofTottenham

Court-road,Alecwalksfrom TottenhamCourt-road;thecontactmanfromtheoppositeside -SouthamptonRow.

2.Time: Asindicatedbyyou,however, itwouldbemoreexpedientto carryoutthemeetingat20 o'clock,ifitshouldbeconvenienttoAlek,asat23o'clockitis toodark.Asforthetime, agreeaboutitwithAlekand communicatethedecisiontome. Incasethemeetingshouldnot takeplaceinOctober,thetime anddaywillberepeatedinthe followingmonths.

3.Identificationsigns:

Alekwillhaveunderhisleft armthenewspaper"Times,"the contactmanwillhaveinhisleft handthemagazine"Picture Post."

4.Thepassword: Thecontactman:"Whatisthe shortestwaytotheStrand?"

Alek:"Well,comealong. I amgoingthatway."

Inthebeginningofthebusinessconversationsays:"BestregardsfromMikel." Reportontransmittingthe conditionstoAlek.

18.8. Director. 228.45 Grant.

The

"(d)DonottakefromVeale anymaterialanddonotshow anyinterestinanyinformation whatever." INU.S.A.

Theseinstancesofliaison,ora transfers,betweentheSovietnetworksinCanadaandinother countrieswerenotlimitedto GeatBritain.Anexampleofa similarcontactintheUnited Statesisprovidedinapagetorn fromoneofLieut.-ColonelMotinov'ssecretnotebooks.

OtherdocumentsdealinconsiderabledetailwithrelationsbetweenColonelZabotin'sorganisation,Pavlov's(N.K.V.D.)organisation,andanetworkofsecret agentsoperatingontheContinentofEurope.Theyshowinter aliathatononeoccasionin1944, 10,000dollarsweretransferred, withtheassistanceofasecret agentinCanada,throughtheintermediaryshipofacommercial firminNewYork,tothisEuropeannetwork,ontheinstructionsofColonelZabotin.This matterisdealtwithinSection VI.andmentionedaboveinour discussionofN.K.V.D.

Gouzenkostatedbeforeusthat theCommunistInternational,or "Comintern,"whosedissolution hadbeenannouncedinMoscow totheworldpressonMay15and

Comintern,

Q.:Allright;thenwhatisthe explanation?

A.:OneveryCommunistthere isafileattheCominternat Moscow;foreveryCommunistin thewholeworldthereisafileat theCominternatMoscow.More detailedinformationisonthe filesattheComintern.

Q.:Sothisreferenceonthe registrationcardmeansthatif anybodyislookingatthisregistrationcardandwantsmoreinformationonCarrthanitcontains,thereismoreinformation onfileatMoscow?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:AndamIcorrectinunderstandingthattheword"Comintern"isalsousedinRussiato refertothesecretariatinMoscowoftheforeignCommunist Parties?Isthatcorrect?

A.:No.TheComiternorCommunistInternationalislikea headquartersthatdirectstheactivitiesoftheCommunistParties inthewholeworld.

Q.:Thatisapproximatelywhat Isaid,aheadquartersstaff?

A.:Yes.

Q.:ThisfirstsheetinExhibit 19-Awasnottypedoutuntil earlyin1945,butitcontainsa referencetotheComintern,does itriot?

A.:Yes.

supposedlydissolvedin194 stillfunctionsallovertheworldorganisin fifthcolumnsagainstthegovernmentofev nationnotalreadysubservient

PUTTHEQUESTION.

AsectionintheRussiandossieronSamCarrcontains,in thehandwritingofLieut.ColonelRogov,thefollowingparagraphs,amongalistoftasks preparedforhimbyhisRussian masters,andheaded,"TAS'KNo. 2of15.6.45": "TASKNo.2of`15.6.45.'

"Frank:1.Onthegroundof datapreviouslycommunicated withrespecttoA.N.Veale(an Englishtman),itisknowntous thatupto1942heworkedinthe meteoserviceoftheRoyalAir ForceinCambridge.Following thishewenttoCanadaona scientificmission.Beforeleaving,Vealeallegedlyreceivedinstructortogetintouchwith yourcorporation.

"Atpresenthewouldliketo knowmoredetailsaboutVeale andthereforeitisdesiredthat fortheforthcomingmeeting (15.7.45)youshould,inwritten form,enlightenusonthefollowingquestions:

"(a)DidVealereallyworkin themeteoserviceoftheRoyal AirForceinCambridge,andhas hismission(stay)inCanadaa directconnectionwithhsservice inEngland.

"(b)Ifthesefactsareconfirmed,youshouldtrytodraw Vealeintoafrankdiscussionand putthequestionstraighttohim, whathewantsfromyou.

"(c)However,shouldVeale,in thecourseoftheconversation, refertohiscorporationmembershipandtotheinstructionsof hisdirectorinEnglandtoget connectedwiththeCanadianCorporation.thenlethimgivethe nameofthepersonwhogave Court-road,repeatTottenhamtheseinstructions.

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

CANMEETALLYOURREQUIREMENTSIN INSURANCEPROTECTION.

NO.33BARRACKSTREET,PERTH.

'PHONE:B9066. W.L.CARTER,Manager.

W.H.BRANCH

StonehamStreet, OsbornePark.

ESTIMATESGIVENFORALLKINDSOFELECTRICALWORK.

BREAKDOWNSPROMPTLYATTENDEDTO.

Tel.B9681

June10,1943,continuedtoexist tofunctionsecretly.

InhisstatementofOctober10, 1945,Gouzenkosaid:

"TheannouncementofthedissolutionoftheCominternwas probablythegreatestfarceof theCommunistsinrecentyears. Onlythenamewasliquidated, withtheobjectofreassuring publicopinioninthedemocratic countries.Actually,theCominternexistsandcontinuesits work. ."

ThedocumentswhichGouzenkobroughtwithhimcorroborate thistestimony.

TheRegistrationCardatthe beginningofthe1945dossier keptintheSovietEmbassyon SamCarr,NationalOrganiserof theCommunist(Labour-Progressive)PartyofCanada,contains, afterthemimeographedheading BiographicalData,thefollowing typedentryinRussian:

"DetailedbiographicalinformationisavailableintheCentreintheComintern."

Theevidenceshowsthatthis document,referringinthepresenttensetotheComintern,was preparedbyLieut.-ColonelRogov earlyin1945.

GouzendodefinedtheCominternasfollows:

"TheCommunistInternational, theComintern,isthestaffheadquarterswhichdirectstheactivitiesoftheCommunistpartiesall overtheworld."

FILEFOREVERYCOMMUNIST.

Gouzenkowasquestionedfurtherabouttheaboveeneryin Carr'sdossier:

Q.:Ijustwanttocomeback tothelastsubjectforamoment, tomakeitperfectlycleartomyself. IamlookingatExhibit 19,thefirstsheet,whichisheaded"Registrationcard,"dealing withSamCarr.Thelasttwo linesread,"Detailedbiographicalinformation."Apparently thatistheformbeforeitwas filledin;afterthatitsays," theComintern.KnowsRussian perfectly.FinishedtheLenin SchoolinMoscow."IftheCominternmeansthestaffinMoscow whichrunstheCommunist Party,asIunderstandit,inRussiaandabroad,doesthatreferenceonCarr'sregistrationcard meanthatheisamemberofthat staff?

A.:No.

totheSo

Q.:TheCominternwassupposedtohavebeenabolishedbefore 1945?

A.:Supposedtobeabolished in1943;butitisnotso.

Q.:Itisnotabolished?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:In1945,Rogovtypedor hadtypedthestatementthat theyhadCominternrecordsstill availabletoreferto?

A.:Heknewverywellthe CominternexistedinMoscow.

Q.:RogovknewtheComintern hadnotbeenabolishedandthat alltherecordswerecomplete there?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:Itwouldhavebeenpossible -Iamnotsayingitisso-for theCominterntohavebeenabolishedasanorganisationandall therecordsstillkept?

A.:Thatisright,andallthe personnelisstillkeptinMoscow;itisjustthenamethatis abolished. THECOMITERN.

Gouzenko,inhisevidenceon theComintern,spokegenerally ofitasaheadquartersstaffcontrollingtheactivitiesofCommunistParties,inothercountries invariousaspects,includingpoliticalaspects.Hisdetailedevidencedealt,however,withthe roleoftheCominternspecifically inespionageactivities,sinceit wasinoneoftheespionagebranchesthatGouzenkohimselfhao directpersonalexperience.

PriortocomingtoCanadain thesummerof1943Gouzenko,as wehavealreadypointedout,had workedforalittleoverayear inthe"Centre"oftheDirectorin MoscowoftheMilitaryIntelligenceorganisation.Hetestifiedthathehadthereenciphered anddecipheredtelegramstoand frommanyothercountriesdisclosingtheuseoflocalCommunistPartiesforespionagepurposes.innetworkssimilarin generaloutlinetothatwhich Col.ZabotinlaterheadedinCanada. AnaspectofCominternactivitiesisillustratedbythe"Witczakpassport"case.Ithas beenestablishedthatSamCarr, NationalOrganiserofthe"Labour-ProgressiveParty,"acting oninstructionsfromMoscowdeliveredthroughCol.Zabotinand hisassistants,undertookin19b4 toobtainillegallyaCanadian passportforaSovietagentlocatedinCalifornia,andatthe endofAugust,1945,didinfact

obtainthispassportbyforgery andbribery.Itwasneededto replaceaCanadianpassport, abouttoexpire,underwhichthe Sovietagenthadbeenlivingin theUnitedStatessince1938. Theearlierpassportbadbeen appropriatedbyRussianagents fromaCanadianmemberofthe InternationalBrigadeinSpain duringthecivilwarthere,and theSovietagentinCalifornia hadbeenlivingintheUnited Statesunderthenameandwith thepassportofthisCanadian. Thismatterisreportedmore fullyinSectionV.

PLANTINGAGENTS.

ThereisevidencethattheDirectorinMoscowintendedtodevelopfurther,andextensively, thispracticeofplantingagents, undercoveroffalsedocumentation,notonlyinothercountries aspseudo-Canadians,butinCanadaalso.Forthispurpose,too, theassistanceofSamCarrwas enlisted.

Thusoneofthepagesinthe RussiandossieronSamCarr containsthefollowinglistofassignments,headed"TaskNo.3 of1.8.45":

"I.Requirementswhichapersonlivingasan'illegal'must meet(nationality,citizenship.occupation,education,knowledgeof languages,familyandfinancial, conditions,etc.).

"2.Waysoflegislation(organisationofacommercialundertaking,joiningabusinessfirm asapartner,kindoffirm,joiningasamemberanyoffice,joiningthearmyasavolunteer,ac-. ceptingemployment).

"3.Documentswhichan'illegal' mustpossess(passport,different kindsofcertificates,references, recommendationletters,etc.).

"4.Moreexpedientmethodsto slipintothecountry.

"5.Toprovideforsecurelivingquartersandfinancialmeans duringtheperiodwhenthe'illegal'getsacquaintedwiththe localse'-upandconditions.

"6.Torevealthechannelsof influenceoftheEnglishGovernmentontheforeignpolicyof Canada.

"7.Conditionsofentryinto thecountryandofmovingabout inthecountry.

"8.Conditionsofadaptation andlivinginthecountry.

"9.Methodsofworkofthe conter-espionage.TheorganisationoftheFederalandprovincialcounter-espionageservices."

ColonelZabotinandhiscolleaguesobviouslyattachedimportancetothis,andthefollowingpageinthedossier,headed "Assignedpersonally16.8.45, readsinpart: "TheTask.

"1.Towriteareportonthe techniqueofmakinguppassportsandotherdocuments,indicatingpreciselywhoonyourside (Frank's)isengagedinthisactivity,

"2.Whatdocumentscanbe madeandcanbereceived throughyou."

ThereisalsoevidencesuggestingthatotherfalseCanadian passportshadbeenobtainedpreviouslytotheWitczakpassport. AColonelMilstein,whocameto NorthAmericainthesummerof 1944,undertheguiseofadiplomaticcourierwithaSovietpassportinthename,"Milsky,"to inspecttheagencynetworksin Mexico,theUnitedStates,and Canada,wasparticularlyinterestedinrevivingtheuseofpersonsinCanadawhohadassisted inproductionofillegalpassports sometimepreviously.Hediscussedthissubjectatlength withSamCarr,andaccordingto Gouzenko,hereportedtoMoscowthatthepossibilitiesinthis fieldweregreat.

Theefficientfunctioningofthe Cominternorganisationisfurthemshownbythehighlysystematisedinterestof"TheDirector"inMoscowineachnonRussianagent,andintherecruitingofnewagents.Before anewagentcouldbeemployed byColonelZabotinforespionage purposeshehadtopropose thename,withparticulars,to Moscow.Moscowwouldthen checkindependently,-inferentiallythroughoneoftheother agencysystemsbeforeapprovingorwithholdingapproval.

(TobeContinued.)

)mikeAWHILE

Patgotajobatthelocalzoo oimpersonateabigape.This edidwithsucceess.Hebecameanadeptonthetrapeze. Unfortunatelyheoverdidhis gymnasticsonedayandhurtled hroughtheairtolandinthe ions'enclosure. "Help!Help!"heyelled,as nangrylookinglionapproachedhim,growlingominously, "Shutup!'saidthelion."Do youwanttogetusboththe sack?"

* * * Ayoungsurgeonreceiveda telephonecallfromacolleague, whoinvitedhimtomakeafourth tbridge. "Goingout,dear?"askedhis wife,sympathetically. "I'mafraidso,"wasthegrave reply."It'saveryimportant case.Therearethreedoctors therealready."

* * *

Themanagerhadbeengiving hisnewsecretaryherinstructions.

"Andthere'sjustonething more,MissJones,"hesaid. 'TherearetwowordsIdon't wanttohearyouuseinthis office.Oneis'swell'theother is`lousy'."

"Certainly,sir,"answeredMiss Jones."'Whicharethetwo words?"

* * *

Husband(readingnewspaper): "Itsaysherethattheaverage maninhalesabout500,000cubic inchesofairaday."

Wife:"Yes,andisn'titsurprisingthatsomuchofitishot whenheexhalesit?"

* * * *

LittleGirl(tonewVicar): "Willyoupleaseseehowmany timesyoucanrunroundthegarden?"

Vicar:"Icouldn't,mydear child.Butwhydoyouask?"

"Oh,merelybecausedaddy saidyouweresolong-winded."

BillBrawnley,strongmanof thevillage,metafellow-villager inthelocalinn.Duringtheir conversationBillcalledtheother aliar.Thevillagernaturally resentedthisremark.

"Lookhere,Brawnley,"he said,"I'llgiveyoujustfiveminutstotakethatback."

Billsmiled.

"Isthatso!"hereplied,extendinghischestimpressively. "AndsupposeIdon'ttakeit backinfiveminutes?"

"Then,"saidthevillager,after aslightpause,"I'llextendthe time."

* * * * ReginalddeBacchus,profligatesonofamillionaire,satup inbedandmoanedforwater.

"Thisistheendofmysocial career,"hemuttered."Idrank toomuchlastnightattheball andstaggeredintoeverybody."

"'Ardly,sir,'ardly,"murmuredhisvalet,apologetically. "Heveryone'spraisingyoufor hinventinganewdance."

Customer:"IthinkI'lltake oneofthoselivelobsters."

Dealer(pickingitup):"Shall Iwrapthisup?"

Customer:"Yes,unlessyou thinkit'stameenoughtofollow mehome."

* * *

Thevillaincreptonthestage, andpointinghispistolatthe hero,pulledthetrigger,butthe weaponmisfired.

Againandagainhepulled,but thepistolstillrefusedtogooff.

Suddenlyavoicefromthegallerybrokethedeath-likestillness.

"Try'ittin"imwitha'ammer, guv'nor."

* TownVisitor:"You'requite wronginconsideringthebirdsa nuisance;theydevourinsects andcaterpillars."

Farmer:"Thanksfortelling me.It'sagreatconsolationto knowthattheyeatmyfruit merelyfordessert."

Themanagerlookeddoubtful asheinterviewetjthecandidate forthevacantpost.

"Fromyourreferences,"he said,"Iseethatyouhavehadno fewerthansixpositionsinthe lasttwomonths"

"Thatisso,"saidtheapplicant."Butthatonlyshowshow muchIartsindemand."

Withajoltthecarcametoa suddenstopinthemiddleofa busystreet.Theself-starterrefusedtoact,andthedriverwas forcedtodismountandendeavourtocrankuptheenginewith theaidofthestarting-handle.

Forfiveminuteshetwirledthe handlefuriously,whileasmall crowdcollected.Atlengtha short-sightedoldladystepped forwardandpressedapennyinto thehandoftheperspiringmotorist. "Mygoodman"shesaidgently,"Jwishallbarrel-organs wereasquietasyours."

* 4*

Amanwhohadsufferedfrom thedelusionthathewasadog waseventuallydischargedfrom hospitalascured.Walkingdown thestreet,hemetanoldfriend, whoinquiredafterhishealth. "You'relookingabsolutelyin thepink,oldboy,'thefriendtold him.

"Hesaidyouwerewhat?" "Laconic."

"Whatdoesthatmean?"

"Dunno.ButIgavehimone onthenosetobe-onthesafe side."

Anartistspendingaholiday inasmallvillageenteredthe storeandaskediftheykept camel-hairbrushes.

"No,sir,wedon't,"andadded apologetidally,"weneverhaveno callfor'em.Nobodyinthese partsseemstokeepcamels!"

* Asthedoorkeeperrandown theclubstepstoopenthecar door,hetrippedandrolleddown thelastfoursteps.

"Forheaven'ssake,becareful!"criedtheclubmanager. "They'llthinkyou'reamember." 4011 *

He:"Isyourfatherrich1."

She:"Rich?Myfatherhasso manygoldteeththathehasto sleepwithhisheadinasafe."

* *

l'Women,myboy,arethesalt oftheearth."

"Theycertainlydrivemeto drink."

* * * *

"Reggieiscomingtostaya dayortwowithus,"saidMrs. Sitttoherhubby,"andhe's bringinghisdrawingmaterials withhim."

"Youwritehimatonce,"said hubbypromptly,"andtellhim we'vegotplentyofcorkscrews!"

"Iaminthepink,"wasthe answer."Justfeelmynose-how niceandwetitis!"

* * *

Antrateladystormedupto themanageroftheboys'clothingdepartmentanddemanded immediateattention.

"Myboy'ssuitdoesn'tfithim," sheexplainedimpatiently,"and whenIshowedittothesalesmanwhosoldittome,hesaid hecoulddonothingaboutit. Now,whatdoyouintendtodo aboutit?"

"Itmusthavefittedwhenyou boughtit,"hedgedthemanager.

"Now,waitaminute!"interruptedthewomantriumphantly. "You'vegotasignoverthere thatsays`Moneycheerfullyrefundedifnotapproved.'Idemandmymoneyback."

"I'mafraidyoumisinterpreted thesign,madam,"saidthemanagersuavely."Wefoundabsolutelynothingwrongwithyour mosey."

* * *

Tommywasrestless."Ma," hesaid,heardyoutellingMrs. JonesthisafternoonthatIwas worthtenthousandpounds.Did youmeanit?"

"Why,certainly,dear,"mother replied."YouandlittleDoris, too.Iwouldn'tpartwitheither ofyouformuchmorethanthat!"

"Good!"Thomasexclaimed. "Well,Ireckon,ifImeanall thattoyou,youwouldn'tmind sortofadvancingmesixpenceto gotothepicturesto-night."

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection.

Wealsohaveextensivelist*ofprivatehomes availableforpurchaseinallsuburbs.Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired.

Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED

SwornValuators.

98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE

She'llchangealotinanother year,butshe'llneverbesweeter thansheisto-day.Keepthat sweetnessfortheyearstocome. HaveanewPortraitmadenow. RingB8833fortheappointment.

THECATHOLICANSWER

Theonlyreasonsthatwould excuseaCatholicfromhearing MassonSundaywouldbeeither sicknessoraseriousinconvenience.Nowtofarmerswhoown carsadistanceoffivetoten mileswouldbenoinconvenience atall.Whenwerecallhowour ancestorsintheirgreatloveof theMassandintheirdesireto givetoGodthehonourandservicethatFaithdemandstrudged onfootmorethanfivemiles,or droveinbuggiesoften40miles, tobepresentattheHolySacri. fice,wemustfeelverysmalland IP ashamedofourselves-forour lackofFaithandtheloveof God-ifwelookforexcusesto avoidourclearobligation.Our Lordhassaid:"Seekyefirstthe KingdomofGodandHisjustice, andallthesethingsshallbe addedtoyou."(Mt.VI.,33.)God willmakeuptothosetarmers whowillinglygiveupalittle timetoworshiphim.Afarmer morethananyoneofusought toknowthatweareindebtedto Godforallgoodthingsandthat inHim"weliveandmoveand haveourbeing."(Ac.XVII.,28.)

MORTALSINDOESNOT INVALIDATEMARRIAGE

Thenextletterisfrom"T.E.," Perth,whoasks:

"IfaCatholicmarrieswithout beinginthestateofgrace, doesthis,intheeyesofthe Church,affectthevalidityof themarriage,andcouldsucha marriagebeannulled?"

.11

A.:No,theabsenceofthe stateofgraceintherecipient doesnotaffectthevalidityof theSacramentofmarriage.That doesnotmean,ofcourse,thatit isamatterofindifference whetherthepartiestoamarriagebeinthestateofgraceor not.Matrimonyisoneofthe sacramentsoftheliving,and whencontractedinthestateof graceincreasesthedegreeof sanctifyinggraceinthesouland givesarighttotheactualgracei whichareneededinthemarriedstate.

Stoves,GasBathHeaters,and HardwarecheaperatHassell's, 559WelligtonSt.B6307.

FURCHEAPERGROCERIES

CHINA,CLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions andSchoolsSpeciallyCateredfor PriceListsandCatalogueon Application.

PhoneB9851.

Kelly&Rodoreda

LateofJOHNDYNON&00.

vauenimmememiliemenemmilmommumniolumio

YouAreInvitedtoInspectthe NewDisplay Of BRIDAL, CHILDSTUDIES, And GENERALPORTRAITURE displayedat VICTOR

(PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

672CENTRALHAYSTREET. (EntranceCouncilAvenue). PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO. ***

TelephoneB4296forAppointments.

aMOONsAlunimemeNiummimeeeeemiNIONINAM

(ContinuedfromPage3.)

Ifoneofthecontractingpartiesisnotinthestateofgrace, thenitisobviousthatthereceptionofthesacrament,even thoughitbevalid,doesnotconfersanctifyinggrace.Thepersonconcernedisguiltyofsacrilege.Whenthepersoncomes toabetterframeofmind,is sorryforthepast,andgoesto confessionorrecoversthestate ofgracebyanactofperfect loveofGod,theSacramentof Matrimonyisabletoproduceits sacramentaleffect. However,marriageaswellas beingasacrament,thatisa meansofgraceforChristians,is alsoacontract.Theeffectsof thecontractaredistinctfrom thesacramentaleffectsandare notaffectedbythepresenceor absenceofthatstateofgraceon thepartoftherecipient.It wouldbeanicestateofaffairs ifthevalidityofthemarriage contractdependedonwhether thepartieswereinthestateof graceornotwhenthemarriage wascontracted.Ifyourecall thatnoone,apartfromaspecial revelation,canbecertainthathe orsheisinthestateofgrace, youwillseewhatanimpossible stateofaffairswouldarise.

Consequentlytheanswerto thesecondpartofyourquestion isalsointhenegative. "Critic,"WestPerth:

CHURCHREQUIRE&

CELIBACYOFCLERGY

"WhycannotCatholicpriests marry?"

A.:BecauseintheLatin Churchthereisadisciplinary lawwhichenjoinscelibacyon thoseinmajorOrders.However,therearesectionsof,the Churchinwhichmenwhoarealreadymarriedareallowedtoreceivepriestlyorders.ThesesectionsareunitedwithRomeand formpartoftheCatholicChurch, soyourquestionwasnotcompletelyaccurate.

Thereasonswhichledthe LatinChurchtoadoptcelibacy oftheclergywerepartlyofa practicalnature.Experience showsthatamarriedpriesthas notthesamedegreeoffreedom incarryingoutthedutiesofhis officeastheunmarriedpriest enjoys.Hehastothinkofhis wife'sfeelings.Hemustalso provideforhisfamily.Itis Hearthatinthecircumstances hecannotgivehimselfaswholeheartedlytohispriestlywork asonecanwhohasnosuchties. Then,too,Christshowedaspe cialpredilectionforthestateof virginity.TheBelovedDisciple wasunmarriedwhenhejoined Christandremainedso.Hence theChristianhasalwayshada specialrespectforthosewhofor thesakeoftheGospelgiveup eventhemostsacredofhuman relationships.

Youquotesomepassagesfrom theFirstgpistletoTimothy, whichseemtoenjoinmarriage ontheclergy.Forinstance,in thefourthchapter,St.Paul speaksofthosewhoshalldepart fromthefaithandmentions themdoinganumberofthings, including"forbiddingtomarry," andtheApostleadds:"Forevery creatureofGodisgoodand nothingtoberejectedthatisre ceivedwiththanksgiving."The referenceinthatpassageistoa typeofheresywhicharosefrom timetotimeandiscalledgenericallyGnosticism.Thesehereticsholdthatmarriageisevil. That,orcourse,isopposedto Christianteaching,whichinsists onthesacrednessofthemarried state,comparingtheunionof husbandandwifetothatwhich existsbetweenChristandHis Church.However,whileholdingmarriageinhighesteem,the Catholicrecognisesthatthestate ofvirginityembracedforamotiveoftheserviceofGodorof theneighbourisevenmoreestimable.

Anotherpassageyouquoteis thesecondverseofthethird chapterofthisfirstlettertoTimothy.HereSt.Paulisenumeratingsomeofthequalificationsof acandidatefortheepiscopate, andhesaysthatthebishopought tobethehusbandofonewife. Thiscannotpossiblymeanthata bishopmustnecessarilybeamarriedman.St.Paulhimselfwas certainlyabishop,buthadnever beenmarried.Whatthetext meansisthatacandidateforthe episcopacymustnothavebeen marriedmorethanonce.

MASSISSUBSTANTIALLY THESAMEASCALVARY "Seeker,"Leederville: "WhenwastheMassfirstoffered?'

A.:ThefirstMasswascelebratedbyChristaftertheLast SupperonthenightbeforeHe suffered Nextquestion: "WasthefirstMassthesame assaidto-day,and,ifnot,why not,andwhatarethedifferences?" A.:EssentiallythefirstMass wasexactlythesameasevery Massthathasbeenofferedsince.

Ifyourunovertheessentialsof theMassyouwillseethatthisis so.TheMassistheSacrifice oftheNewLawinwhichChrist offersHimselftotheFatherfor theredemptionofthewholehumanrace.IntheSupperRoom

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinall branchesofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolisbeautifullysituatedbetweenOceanand River,inextensivegrounds,withfineplayingfieldsandprivate SwimmingPoolinRiver.

Telephone:F2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR.

Christ,whenHetookbreadand wineandtransmutedtheminto HisBodyandBlood,usedwords indicatingthatHewasthereby offeringHimselfasaVictimfor thesatiationoftheworld.The -layingofthevictimtookplace nextdayonCalvary,buttheofferingwascompletealreadyin theSupperRoom.WhenChrist hadofferedthisSacrificeHe gavethecommandtoHisdisciplestodowhatHehaddone inmemoryofHim.Bythat commandtoHisdisciplesHe gavetothemandtotheirduly ordainedsuccessorsthepowerof changingbreadandwineinto HisBodyandBlood,andsoofreenactingdaybydaytotheendor timetheSacrificewhichHeofferedthenforthefirsttime.

SointheMassyouhavethe sameVictimofferedtothe Fatherforthesameendsbythe sameofferer,sincethehuman priesttakestheplaceandacts inthenameandbytheauthority ofChrist.Hence,Isaidatthe beginning,theMassisessential. lyunchangedsinceitwasfirst celebratedontheeveofthePassion. Theframeworkinwhichthe centralact,whichwecallthe Consecration,hasbeenset,has changedinthecourseoftime.

Stovesrelinedortradedinon LatestGasorWoodStoves.W.A. Stoves.B6307.

RandolphKnapp -

12

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH

(ConductedbytheSistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

Pupilsr7eparedAllExaminations

'Phone:B3810.

JUNIORHIGHSCHOOL,HaroldStreetEntrance. AlsoatLEAROYDSTREET,MT.LAWLEY. ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

BoysreadyforatleastSixthClass,andrecommendedby theirParishPriest,cannowbeenrolledfor1948.Onlyinvery specialcircumstanceswillanyfreshapplicantsfor1947beconsidered.Anypreferenceswillbegiventocountryboys. ForParticularsapplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSHOOLSOFW.A.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU1520. FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS. Boysadmittedfrom7upwards. BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanning ForParticularsapplyto- Bridge. ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

MEN'SWEAK

SUITS,OVERCOATS,SPORTSCOATS,TROUSERS, UNDERWEAR,HATS,SHOES,Etc

BOYS'CLOTHING

WA1SHS

THEBIGSTOREFORMENANDBOYS.

CENTRALHAYSTREET

Cte

Advertising Rates

Birth,Engagement,Marriage,Death,Funeral,InMemoriam, andBereavementNotices:4s.for35words;ld.perword over. (EngagementAnnouncementsmustbesignedbybothparties).

ReportsofFunerals:3s.persinglecolumninch(40words toaninch.

WeddingReports:3spersinglecolumninch,forspaceused byblockandletterpress,pluscostofphoto.block.Reports withoutphoto4s.perinch.Reportstobesanctionedby

ParishPriest.

ForSale,ToLet,Situations(WantedorVacant),andBoard andResidence:20wordsfor2/6;over20,ld.perwordextra SchoolResultsmustbeaccompaniedbyletterofauthorisation andmustbetypewrittenorinblockletters,andwillbepublishedintheorderreceivedatthisoffice.

ContractRatesforgeneraladvertisingonapplicationtoAdvertising'tanager.

TheManagementreservetherighttorefuseanyadvertisement itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagement,whileexercisingeverycare,acceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichzr..ayoccurinadvertisements, illenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"460NayStreet, Perth.?HON':B6960.

InSerbialongagotherelived threebrotherswhohadnothing intheworldbuttheirclothes,a hovel,andapear-tree.Asthey hadonlythefruittoliveupon, theytookitinturnstoguardthe treeatnight.

Once,whentheMoonwasfull, thepoorsentinelsawaragged manapproaching.

"Sir,"whinedthebeggar,"I amgnawedbyhunger!Praygive mesomethingtoeat!"

"Youshallhaveallthepears onthisbranch,whichismine," saidthewatcher,"butIcannot giveyouwhatbelongstomybrothers."

Thesamethinghappenedto thetwootherpoormenonthe followingnights.

Now,asyouhaveprobably guessed,thebeggarwasanangel who,inpityfortheirmisery,had cometoseewhetherthethree poormenwereworthyofhelp. Theircharitywaspleasingto Heaven.Onthefourthdaythe beggarappearedattheirhovel, andsaid:

"Goodsirs,Iwishtopaymy debts.Willyouwalkwithme alittleway?"

Thebrothersfollowedhim, wondering.Presently,asthey walkedbyabrook,thebeggar saidtothefirstpoorman:

"Whatwouldyoulikebestin theworld?"

Hereplied:"Oh,Ishouldlike thatrivertobewine,andallbelongingtome!"

Thebeggarstretchedouthis staff.Immediatelythewater

hildredsCornet '*-; NV\\k

"What,"askedthebeggar, "wouldyoulikebestofall?" Afterthinkingforalittlethe manreplied:"AtrueChristian wife."

"Comethen,"saidthebeggar.

Thetwojourneyedonuntil theyreachedapalace.Pastthe soldiersintothebanquetinghall theywent,andtheresatalovely maidenbetweenhermotherand father,theTsarandTsarina.

Thenewcomersapproachedthe throne,andthebeggarsaid:

"Sir,thisyouthhascometo seekthehandofyourdaughter inmarriage."

AtthistheTsarlaughed,and cried:

"Twoprincesarehersuitors, andisshenowtohaveabeggar forthethird?"

"Sir,"saidthebeggar,"let Heavendecidethematch!Let

ThreePoorMen

AStorywithaLesson

turnedtowine,andaswarmof menappeared,someputtingitin barrels,somebearingitoffto wagons,somewritingitsvalue downinbooks.Alsowarehousesand counting-houses sprangup.Thefirstpoorman waslordofallthis.

Theotherswalkedonuntilthey cametoafieldwhereagreat flockofbirdshadalighted.Then hesecondpoormanexclaimed: "Iwishtheywereallcattle longingtome!"

Againthebeggarraisedhis staff.Thefieldbecameaplain coveredwithcattle,dairies,and busylabourers.

Theturnofthethirdpoorman hadnowcome.

QUICKRESULTS,

OnThursdaylast,the DiocesanDirectorforthe PropagationoftheFaith visitedGuildfordConvent, School.Hemusthavegiventhechildrenaninspiring talk,forsoontheracewas ontoseewhowouldbethe firsttoeffecttheransomof ablackbaby.Twoboys managedtoscrapetogether thenecessaryhalf-crown andbaskedinthesunof theirrighteousnessand apostolicspirit.Imagine theirsurprisewhenlooking outofthewindow(yes, evenApostlesmustfind schoolalittleboringsometimes)theyspiedanative womanwithachildunder eacharmbringingthemto thechurchtobebaptised. Thesacrosanctsilenceof theclassroomwasbroken bycriesof"Look,Sister, herearethetwoblack babies.'OneofourApos- tlesremainedtoseetheoutcomeofitall,butassoon asschoolwasovertheother madeadashforhome andsafety(Dagwoodwould havebeenleftmilesbehind).ThisApostlesbusinesscanbetakentoofar. It'sbadenoughhavingto ransomthem,butwhat wouldMumsayifIbrought oneofthemhomewithme?

theprincessplantthreelittle vines,namingeachafteroneof thethreewooers.Lethermarry theonewhosevinebearsgrapes nextday,forhewillbetheone blessedofHeaven."

"Agreed,"saidtheTsar,certainthatnovinecouldbear grapesinaday.

Sothethingwasdone.Next daythepoorman'svinewas boweddownwithfruit.HemarriedtheTsar'sdaughter.

But,althoughthemonarchhad beenobliged,forveryshame.t, keephisword,hewasexceeopnglyangryandturnedthebride andbridegroomoutofdoors.Togethertheysetouttoseekaliving.

Thebeggarhaddisappeared.A yearafterwardshecamebackto seewhetherthebrothersdeservedtheirgoodfortune.

Thefirstman,nowabusyman ofaffairs,didnotrecognisethe raggedcreaturewhocamebeggingforacupofwine.

"Certainlynot!"criedthewine merchant."IfIgavetoeveryonewhoaskedIshouldberuined."

Atthatmomentthebrookof wineturnedtowater.

Asforthesecondbrother, whenhewasaskedforapieceof cheese,hereplied:"No;ifyou workedyouwouldnotneedcharity."

Suddenlyallhiscowsturnedto birds.

Thebeggarfoundthethird brotherlivinginaforesthut withhiswife.

"Goodfolk,"heasked,"can yougivemeshelter?"

"Yes!Indeedyouarewelcome!"criedtheman."Only, Iwishwehadgoodcheertoset beforeyou."

Theycouldhardlyeverafford realflour,andnowtheTsar's daughtersettoworktomakea loafofgroundacornsandbark. Sheandherhusbandwerethin, andtheirhandswerescarred withhardwork.Buttheirfaces werekindandcontented.

Theloafwasbaked.The Tsar'sdaughterbegantocutit. Lo,thedarkmasshadturned intothewhitestofwheaten bread!Thegoodcouplelooked upinamazement.Theirguest -hadgone,andsohadtheirhovel. Theywereinamagnificentpalacestockedwitheverythingthe heartcoulddesire!

DearCornerites

Isupposethebigeventofthe weekisthevisitofField-Marshal LordMontgomery,Chiefofthe ImperialGeneralStaff.Better knownassimply'Monty,"this famoussoldierhascapturedthe imaginationofeveryoneinthe BritishEmpire,andcertainlydeservesourthanks.Girlsas wellasboyswilllinethestreets tocheerhimonhisway.

Andtheboysparticularly,no doubt,havebeeninterestedin

therecentannouncementofthe 25playerschosentorepresent theStateinfootballattheHobartCarnival.Perhapssome ofyouareevensowell-informed astodaretocriticisetheselection!

Anotherimportantfootball event,Iunderstand,istheforthcomingschoolboys'carnivalin Perth.Iwouldbegladtohear theviewsoftheboysonthese matters-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

THEYMADEHiStOr

NO.11: THEMAKERSOFTHEMICROSCOPE.

Amicroscopeisaninstrument bymeansofwhichwecanexam inethesmallestobjectsingreat detail.Forinstance,afleaunderthemicroscopewillappear quitelarge;wecanlookclosely atflies,spiders,mosquitoes;we canseethattheeyeofabeehas tinyflatsurfacescalled'facets"; ifwelookatatadpole'stail throughthemicroscopewecan seethebloodcirculatingthrough theveins.

Themodernmicroscopehas twolenses,thusmakingitvery efficient;foronelensmagnifies theobject,andthesecondlens magnifiesthemagnifiedimage.

Theadvantageofthisarrangementwillbefullyrealisedwhen itisconsideredthatifthefirst lensmagnifiestheobjecttwenty times,andthesecondmagnifies themagnifiedimagetwenty times,thentheresultantmagnificationis400timesthesizeofthe object.inthiswayitispossibletoidentifythemicrobes whichcausevariousdiseases.

Buteverythinghastohavea beginning,andlongbeforethe doublemicroscopecameintogeneralusethepioneersweremakingvaluableobservationsby meansofasinglelensmicroscope.Nobodycansaywhen mendiscoveredthemagnifying powerofalens.Assoonas glasswasknown,theideaofmagnifyingvisionwouldprobablybe obvioustoanyobservanteye,for mostpeoplequicklynoticethata bottlefullofwaterenlargeslettersandobjectsseenthroughit.

Earlyintheseventeenthcentury Galileoinventedanimproved microscopewhichwassupplied withaconcavemirror-"concave'meaninghollowedinward likeacave.Withinaboutfifty yearsafterGalileo'sinvention wasannounced,RobertHooke madelensesofconsiderablemagnifyingpoweroutofglobules formedbyfusingthreadsofspun glass.Thisremarkableman wroteagreatdealaboutthewonderfulthingshesawthroughhis microscope.

Anothermanwhocomesinto thestoryofthemicroscopelived atthesametimeasHooke-the ItalianMalpighi,whodescribes numerousinterestingandaccuratemicroscopicaldiscoveriesthat hemade.Hewasthefirstto examinewithamiscroscopethe structureofthelungs,andhe discoveredthebreathingtubesof insectsandtheporesofleaves. Stillmoreindustrious,ifpossible, wastheDutchman,JanSwammerdam,whoworkedalldaytill hiseyesgrewweary,andexamined,amongotherthings,thered bloodcellsinthebloodoffrogs.

Aslongagoas1590theprincipleofadoublemicroscope hadbeenrealised.Theideahad cometotwoDutchspectacle-makers,JohannandZachariasJenssen.Oneorbothofthemreceivedthefirstideafromhischildren,whohappenedtobeplay- ingwithsomelenses.Theywere holdingthelensesuptolook throughthematvariousobjects, whenoneplacedaconcavelens nearhiseyeandheldaconvex lens(oneshapedoutwards)some distanceawayinthesameline. Suddenlyhecriedthatthetopof thechurchspirehadcomenearer,andhisfather,hearinghis cry,cameoutandfoundthatby lookingthroughthelensesashis sonwasdoing,hesawthetopof thesteeplegreatlymagnifiedand broughtveyneatohim.The spectacle-makerfixedtheMasses onaboard,andthusmadethe firsttelescope,whichhepresent- edtoPrinceMauriceofNassau, andGalileo,hearingofit,made areallyusefultelescopewiththe lensesfittedintoatube,through whichhealmostimmediatelydiscoveredthemountainsofthe Moon,theEarthshineonthe Moon,andalsothefourmoons ofJupiter.

attheCapitolTheatre,andwe allthoroughlyenjoyedit.We arelookingforwardtoseeing "HenryV."onWedesday. I think"TheyMadeHistory"and thestoriesandpoemsinthe Children'sPageareveryinteresting.Iwillconcludenow, AuntBessy.Withbestwishes fortheBushies'Scheme.-Your lovingniece, GERALDENE.

DearGeraldene,-Iwasvery gladtohearfromyouagain. Thankyouforyourhelpwith theScheme.I,too,heard LornaSydneyattheCapitol,and sawthepartyfromLoreto.I hopeyouenjoyed"HenryV." Finally,thankyouforlettingus knowyouenjoythearticlesin ourpage.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

-000--

Australiaisveryproudofthe woolindustry,forhereshehearts theworld'sproduction.The valueofagoodyear'swoolclip inAustraliaexceeds£60,000,000. ThebestAustraliansheepproduceanexceptionallyheavy fleeceofgoodqualitywool.The Irishmanmayhavehisharpand theEnglishmanhisbull-dogButAustraliahasthesheep. Sheiscarriedbyhersheep, Andunderneaththeirwoolly fleeceherpeoplegladlycreep. They'renotexactlypets, Fortheyhavetopayourdebts, Andthatiswhy,indrought time,youwillseeAustralia weep Forhersheep,staidsheep,so' emnsheep.

-000BUSHIES' CORNER

.4u,ntBessy's 1.1LETTERBOX

II--I

122GreatEasternHighway, Meredin.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamenclosingapostalnotefortwoand six.Ihopeitwillbeofsome helptowardstheBushies'fundPleaseforwardmeanotherprick card,ashavenearlyenough moneytofillone.Iwillnotbe longbeforetheBushiesarein againtotheSchoolforReligiousinstruction,whichisheld hereatMerredinfortwoweeks oftheyear.WishingtheBushies'Cornereverysuccessinthe future.-Yourstruly, ROSEMARYFOWLER.

DearRosemary,-Thankyou foryourgoodwishes,andIam sendingyouanotherprickcard. WhenyoumeettheBusbiesat Merredinyoumustwritetome again.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

51Thomas-street,Nedlands,

DearAuntBessy,-Iamenclosingapostalnotefortwoand sixpence.IamsorryIwasso longinfillinginthecard.Would youpleasesendmeanotherone, AuntBessy,andIwillendeavour tosenditbackmorepromptly Iambackagainatschoolnow aftertheMayholidays,whichI spentinthecountry.Aparty ofchildrenfromLoreto,includingmyself,attendedLornaSydney'sRecitalwhenitwasheld

from