The Record Newspaper 25 June 1947

FourNewSaintsRaisedtotheAltars

ThreePriestsandaLaymanWitness totheHolinessoftheChurch

OnSundaylasttheHolyFatherdeclaredBernardinoRealini,JosephCafasso.

andJohndeBrittoasSaintsoftheCatholicChurch.OnAscensionThursdayhehad elevatedNicholasdeFluetothehonoursofthealtar.Accordingasourtimesgrow morematerialistic,sothedecreesofcanonisationincreaseinimportance,bearingnew andstartlingwitnesstotheeternalholinessoftheChurchofGod.

St.BernadinoRealini

AsixteenthcenturyItalian,St.BernadinewasaJesuit whoworkedforyearsamongthepoorinNaples.Despite theuneventfulnessofhislifetherearesomecuriousphenomenarecordedconcerningcertainrelicsofhisblood.

St.Bernardinowasbornat Carpi,nearModena,in1530,and afterhavingbeenengagedinthe professionofthelawenteredthe SocietyofJesuswhenhewas thirty-fouryearsold.Hewas admittedatNaplesbyFatherAlphonsoSalmeron,oneofthefirst companionsofSt.Ignatius. FatherRealiniworkedforten yearsatNaples,preaching,catechising,devotedtothesick,the poor,andtheinmatesofprisons; hewasthentransferredtothe collegeatLecceinApulia,of whichhebecamerector,and wherehediedattheageof86.

Hisself-sacrificingzealand apostolicalfervourhadlongbeforeearnedtheveneration.ofthe people,whorecognisedhimasa saint,andaspontaneouscultus sprangupwhichhelpedtoprovideevidenceforsomeoftheremarkableoccurrenceswhichwere testifiedtoonoathintheprocessofbeatification.Sixyears beforehisdeathSaintBernardinehadabadfall,resultingin twowoundswhichwouldnot heal;duringhislastillnessthe blooddischargedfromthesewas collectedandkeptinphialson accountofthegreatveneration inwhichhewasheld:

Thisbloodbehavedinvarious extraordinaryways:insomevesselsitkeptliquidforoveracentury,inothersitevenfoamed

ST.JOSEPHCAFASSO

Aparishpriestofthenineteenthcentury,confidantofSt. JohnBosco,St.JosephCafasso,playedanimportantpartinthe formationoftheclergyinPiedmont.

SaintJosephCafassowasa priestoftheArchdioceseof Turininthenineteenthcentury. BorninthesameparishasSt. JohnBosco-Castelunovod'Asti -in1811,heplayedalargepart inthelifeofthatSaint,being hiscounsellor,benefactorand confessoroveranumberof years,especiallyduringtheearly yearsofDomBosco'sgreatapestolate,

DomCafassodevotedhimself tothefittingeducationofmididatestothepriesthoodatatime whentheravagesofGallicanism andJansenismhadmadethemselvesfeltintheChurchinPiedmont.Inthisworkhewasassociatedwithanothereminent priest,DomGuala,intheEcclesiasticalCollegeknownasthe "ConvittoEcceliastico,"andin the"AssociationforRetreats" foundedattheSanctuaryofSt. IgnatiusintheLangoValley. Hereretreatsweregivenforboth priestsandlaymen,theretreats forpriestsbeing,formany yearsuntilhisdeath,thespecial careofDomCafasso.

ST.BERNARDINOREALINI.

andappearedtoincreaseinvolume;inone,accordingtowitnessesattheprocess,it"boiled" andfrothedontheanniversary ofSt.Bernardino'sdeathand whenitwasbroughtnearareliquarycontaininghistongue.

In1634histombwasopened bytheecclesiasticalauthorities andagooddealoffleshytissue wasfoundunimpaired;thiswas separatedfromthebonesandput intwoglassreceptacleswhich werereburiedinthesamecoffin astheskeleton.

Seventy-eightyearslater (ninety-fiveafterhisdeath),in 1711,thecontentsofthecoffin wereinspectedbytheBishopof Lecce,beforewitnesses,toenablehimtoverifytherelics. Oneoftheglassvesselswas foundtobebroken,butinthe othertissueswereinanappar- entlyunalteredstatebutfloating inaninchandahalfofdarkred liquid.Thiswascarefullyexaminedbyphysiciansandpronouncedtobehumanbloodand givingoffasweetsmell;moreover,theystatedthatitspreser- vationandsmellundersuchconditionswasmiraculous-butthere theyexceededtheircompetence.

Justovertwoyearslatera commissionofthreebishops,ap- pointedbytheCongregationof SacredRitestoinvestigatethe matter,tooktheevidenceofthe witnessesof1711,andexamined theblood.Itwasthenliquid, crimson,andfoamingintotiny bubbles.DonGaetanoSolazzo, whohadchargeofaphialofthe blood(probablythatof1616)in theCathedralofLecce,in1804, leftastatementtotheeffect thatitwasliquid,hadtwice foamedandbubbled,andwasregardedbyallasmiraculous; somenunssawitdothesame thing,andaJesuitFatherstat-

edinasworndepositionthathe hadpersonallywitnessedthelike twiceduringtheyear1852.

Ithasseemedworthwhileto givethesedetails,whichmaynot haveanythingwhatsoevertodo withtheholinessofSaintBernardinoRealini,becausetheyare awell-authenticatedexampleof suchprodigieswhichraiseaninterestandexcitementoutofall proportiontotheirimportanceor significance.In1895,however, St.Bernardino'sbiographercould findnotraceofthebloodpre- servedinaliquidstate.Atthe sametimeitmaybepointedout thatjustasthemortalfleshof manysaintshasbeenpreserved supple,incorrupt,andalmostlifelikeforlongyearsaftertheirdecease,eventuallyhardens,blackens,andcrumblesaway,soit

ST.

seemsonlyreasonabletoexpect thatanysimilarimmunityfrom putrefactioninthecaseofthe blood,ifsuchimmunitybereally grantedinsomeinstances,should onlybetemporaryinitscharacter.

StJohndeBritto

BorninPortugal.St.JohndeBrittolabouredindefatigablyasaJesuitmissionaryinIndia.Hefollowedalong thelinesofFatherdeNobili,livingthelifeofanIndianin sofarasitwaspermissible.Althoughtorturedhewould notreturntoEuropeandsufferedmartyrdomin1693becausehehadopposedtheworshipofthegodsofthe country.

ItisstatedthatwhenJohnde Brittoasachildfellgrievously ill,hismother,aladyofnoble family,connectedwiththeCourt ofLisbon,invokedtheaidofSt.1 FrancisXavieranddedicatedher sontohim.Bethisasitmay, John,thoughhewasthefavouritecompanionoftheInfante DonPedro,whoeventuallysucceededtothethroneofPortugal, aspiredonlytowearthehabitof thegreatmissionaryandtodevotehislifetotheconversionof theinfidel.

BornMarch1,1647,hemade applicationattheageoffifteen tobereceivedintotheSocietyof Jesus,andinspiteofmuchoppositionheaccomplishedhispurpose.Hissuccessinhisstudies wassoremarkablethatgreateffortsweremadeafterhisordinationtokeephiminPortugal,but gracetriumphed,andin:March, 1673.hesetsailforIndiawith sixteenofhisfellow-Jesuits.

Afterthreeyears'preparation atGoa,therestofhislife,except forabriefinterval,wasspent amidincrediblehardshipsand hindrancesofallkindsinevangelisingsouthernIndia.He wasmadeSuperioroftheMaduraMission,andtravelledmost painfullyonfootthroughallthat vastregion,onlytendegrees northoftheEquator.Those whoworkedwithhim,intheir letterstoEurope,speakinglowingtermsofhiscourageanddevotion,oftheextraordinaryausterityofhislife,andoftherich harvestofconversionswhich werethefruitofhislabours.

Fromthebeginningherealisedthewisdomofthemethodpreviouslyadoptedbythemissionary,FatherdeNobili,viz.,oflivingalifeidenticalwiththatof thenativesofthecountry,adopt- ingtheirdress,abstainingfrom animalfood,andrespectinginall thingslawfultheineradicable prejudicesofcaste.Aswemay

learnon

timonytheunexceptionabletesofSirW.W.Hunter,in hisImperialGazetterofIndia (vol.vi.,pp.245-253),"theearly Jesuitmissionsareparticularly interesting.Theirpriestsand monksbecameperfectIndiansin allsecularmatters,dress,food, etc.,andhadequalsuccessamong allcastes,highandlow.inthe southofthepeninsulathey broughttheoldChristiansettlementsoftheSyrianriteinto temporaryreunionwithRome, andconvertedlargesectionsof thenativepopulationthroughout extensivedistricts."

Itisinterestingtonotealso thatheadds:"Schismstroubled theChurch.ThePortuguese Kingclaimed,asagainstthe Pope,toappointtheArchbishop ofGoa;andtheDutchadventurersforatimepersecutedtheCatholicsalongthecoast."And withregardtosuchmissionaries asJohndeBritto,heremarks: "Allthatchivalryandenthusiasticpietycouldeffect,theyaccomplished."Todescribeindetail theterribleoddsagainstwhich deBrittohadtocontendwould beimpossiblehere,nottheleast handicapbeingthedelicacyof hisconstitutionwhichinthefeversandaguestowhichhewas subjectrepeatedlybroughthim facetofacewithdeath.

Politicallyalsothecountrywas inaterriblyunsettledstate,a conditionwhichallowedthefan. aticalpaganpriesthoodtocall intoplayateveryturnthesup- erstitionsofthepeople.Many timesFatherdeBrittoandhis nativecatechistsweresubjected tobrutalviolence.Ononeoccasionin1686,afterpreaching withextraordinarysuccessinthe Maravarcountry,heandahandfulofdevotednativeswereseaed,andupontheirrefusaltopay honourtothegodSiva,were subjectedforseveraldaysinsuc-

cessiontoexcruciatingtortures. Theywerehungupbychains fromtrees,andatanothertime bymeansofapulley,weredippedrepeatedlyinstagnantwater, withotherindescribableoutrages.TheFather'srecovery wasdeemedmiraculous.

Notlongafterhewassetat libertyhewassummonedback toLisbon.Greateffortswere madebytheKinghimselfandby thePapalNunciotoinducehim toremaininEurope,buthe pleadedsostronglythatduty calledhimbacktoMadurathat hewasallowedtohavehisway. Forthreeyearsmorehereturnedtohismissiontoleadthesame lifeofheroicself-sacrifice,and then,throughthemachinationsof oneoftherepudiatedwivesof theRajah'sson,whoonhisconversiontotheChristianfaithhad ceasedtopractisepolygamy,be' wasarrestedandeventuallyput todeathatRamuadbytheRajah'sorders.SirW.W.Hunter records:"Oneverytouchingepic. tieiswrittenbyDeBrittofrom hisprisonthedaybeforehisexe cution. 7awaitdeath,'he writestotheFatherSuperior, 'andIawaititwithimpatience. Ithasalwaysbeentheobjectof myprayers.Itformsto-day themostpreciousrewardofmy laboursandsufferings,'"

Thenextmorning,February4, 1693,inthepresenceofavast crowdofspectators,thesentence wasreadoutthatthisteacher. (guru)wassentencedtodiebecausehehadforbiddenworship tobepaidtothegodsofthe country,andwaspreachingdoc-

ThebiographyandportraitofthefourthnewlycanonisedSaint,St.NicholasdeFlue,appearson page6.

trinessubversiveoftheirreligion.Afewminuteswereallowedhimforprivateprayer,and thenhisheadwasstruckfrom hisbody.Whenthenews reachedLisbontheKingsentan equerrytohismother,Donna Beatrix,whowasstillliving,to invitehertoattendasolemnserviceofthanksgiving.Sheobey- edandassistedatthefunction, notdressedinmourning,butar- rayedinthemostsplendidattire whichherwardrobecouldpro- vide.JohndeBritt()wasbeatifiedin1853.

JOHNDEBRITTOBEFORETHERAJAHOFMARAVA.

whereyoualwaysget THEBESTOFSERVICE

THEPAPACYandUs

Peter'sPenceCollection

To-dayinaworldtornby strifeandinternationalunrest, whennationsseemtobemoving towardsanotherwar,awar whichmightwellmeantheend ofcurcivilisation,ourthoughts turntotheTitlecityoftheVaticanandtothatgreatluminary ofourtimes-ourbelovedHoly Father,PopePiusXII.

Whenat5.30p.m.onThursday,March2,1939,his63rd. birthday,helearntthathehad beenelectedtotheChairof Peter,hetowedhishead,and intonesofdeephumilityrecited thepsalm,"Miserere."Have mercyonme,0Lord,according toThygreatmercy.Turning thentotheassembledCardinals assembledintheSistineChapel, heacceptedtheexaltedposition. accept,"hesaid,"becauseI seethewillofGodandcommendmyselftoHismercy."

Alreadythecaresofhisoffice seemedtoweighheavilyupon him,forhesawasFatherofall Christendomhownations,hav ingforsakentheKingofKings, wereeventhenpreparingfor fractieidalwar.Inhisfirst broadcasttotheworldhesaid: "Hopingforpeacewehavebeforeoureyesavisionofthevast evilsinwhichtheworldis strugglingandtowhichitisour duty,unarmed,butrelyingon thehelpofGodtobringsuccess.

AsCardinalCacciaplacedthe tiaraonhishead,repeatingthe ancientformula,"HolyFather, receivethistiarawiththethree crowns.Knowthatthouartthe fatherofprincesandkings throughouttheworldandthe VicarofOurSaviourJesus Christ,towhomishonourand glorythroughoutallages,"he knewthathewasdestinedto carryacrownofthornsforthe restofhislife.Acrownthat wouldweighheavilyuponhim, ezpec,allyduringthefirstyears ofhispontificate.

Wecanallrememberthose passionateappealshemadeto theworldforpeace.Werememberhowhewarnedthe worldthateverythingwouldbe savedbypeace,butallwouldbe lostbywar,Werecallhowhe calleduponthechildrenofthe worldtounitetheirprayersto hisinalastefforttosavethe worldfromthedestruction whichthreatenedtoengulfit. Hiswasavoicecryinginthe wilderness.Avoicethatwas ignoredbecausemenhadplaced mightbeforeright,andinstead oftheCrossofChristtheygave allegiancetothecrookedcross oftheswastika.

Europeandthenthewholeof theworldwasplungedintothat warwhichhehadtriedsohard toavoid,andthatboundlessand untiringenergy,seeingthathis effortsforpeacewereinvain, marshalledthemightofthe Vaticantoaidtheinnnocentvictimeoftheslaughter.

Wewhohadtheprivilegeto benearhimduringthosedark daysrealisejustwhatthis meant.Thousandsuponthousandsofpoundsweresenttothe variouscountriesforthealleviationofdistressintheprisoner ofwarcamps.TheVatican Radioandalargepartofthe Vaticanestablishmentswerereorganisedforthepurposeof broadcastingnewsofprisoners totheirrelatives.andhomesin distantlands.

ManypeopleinW.A.havegood causetobegratefultoHis Holinessforthissignalservice whichherenderedthem,andas wereadthelistscomingtothe "InformationOffice"fromall campsinGermanyandItaly,we wonderedhowmanypeoplein theyearstocomewouldrememberthispracticalexpressionof hisdeeppersonalloveforeach andeveryoneofus.

WesawhimopentheVatican Citytorefugees.Wespoketo Alliedsoldiersandairmenwho afterhavingescapedfromprison campssoughtandfoundprotectionthere.Protectectionand helpthatwasalwaysgiveneven thoughatthetimetheGerman HighCommandwasjustwaiting forsuchanexcusetoenterthe VaticanCityonthepleathat thePopewasasecretallyof Britain.

Wesawhimstandingamidst theruinsofthecityofRome, bringingcomforttothosewho hadBufferedduringthebombardments.Onthatfatefulday whenthenoiseofcrashing bombsrenttheair,thepeopleof RomeknewthattneirFather lovedthemandwaswillingif necessary.atthecostofhisown life,todoeverythinginhis powertohelpthem.

Hiseyesmusthavebeenwet withtearswhenhesawtherabbledemonstratingagainsthim, Spurredonbytheirpaganand Facistleaderswesawbandsof youngmenparadingthrough

Irememberwellthelasttime IsawtheHolyFather.Stwas justbeforeIleftRomeafew yearsago. Iwaskneelingat hisfeetandhestoopeddownand askedmewhereIcamefrom.I replied,"HolyFather,Iaman Australian.""TheAustralians areverygoodpeople,"hesaid. "Doyouthinkso?"Ireplied.

"Oh,yes,"hesaid,"Iknowit, andwhenyoureturntoAustralia Iwantyoutotellyourpeople thatIsendyourbeautifulcountryandyourwonderfulpeoplea veryspecialblessing."

WhenourArchbishopwasin Romeonlyashorttimeago,the HolyFatherrepeatedthisblessing,ablessingwhichhemeant foreachandeveryfamily-a blessingwhichhemeantforAustralia.

Romecrying"Deathtothe Pope."Hemustfeelitbitterlywhenthosemenwhomhesaye<1fromdeathturnedagainst him,andareevennowtryingto makeItalyyetanotherpawnin thegamedirectedbyhisenemies andtheenemiesofChrist. Indeedhiscrossisaheavy one.Ifitwerenotforthehelp andgenerosityoftheCatholics allovertheworldandthefeelingthatatleastweloveand honourhim,hewouldnotbeable tocarryon.

Eachyearaspecialcollection istakenupinallthechurches tobeforwardedtohiminRome. ThiscollectionisknownthroughouttheEnglish-speakingworldas the"Peter'sPencecollection," Letusthisyearbegenerous. Letusshowbyourgenerosity thatatleastweCatholicsofthe ArchdioceseofPerthappreciate hisworkandthankhimforhis effortsfortheworldpeaceand ourownwellbeing.

IntheMasscelebratedin thanksgivingfortheelectionof thePope,HisGracesaid:"Pius XII.wouldbringtothePapacy thelearningofLeoXIII,the sanctityofPiusX.,thediplom acyofBenedictXV.,andthe strongpersonalityofPiusXS." Weareindeedfortunateinhavingsuchasaintlymantoguide thedestiniesoftheChurch throughthesetroubledtimes.

IngivingthankstoGod,letus alsorememberourHolyFather inourprayers,beggingGodto granthimstrengthandguidance intheyearstocome,comfortin histribulations,andsuccessin hisendeavourstorecallthe worldtoChrist.

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SEARCHINGTHESCRIPTURESWITHOUTFINDING THETRUTH

J.L.Taylor,MosmanPark:

"1amveryreluctantinhavingtowritethisletter,butSt. Paulremindsme,thatthose whodonotpreachthetrue doctrineofChristaretoberebuked."

A.:Iquiteunderstandthe spiritinwhichyouwrite,Mr. Taylor,andtakenooffence.But thisIwouldliketoknow:By whatauthority,butyourown privatejudgment,doyouundertaketodeclarefalsethedoctrinesoftheUniversalChurch ofChrist,establishedbyHimto bethesoleTeacherofmankind inthewaysofsalvation?For, afterall,duringthissessionIdo notgiveviewsthataremerely personal,butendeavourtoput beforemylisteners,asclearlyas Ican,theteachingoftheCatholicChurch,whichwastheacceptedguideoftheChristianworld forfifteenhundredyears,and whichto-dayisstillrecognisedas theTrueChurchofChristbythe majorityofChristiansthroughouttheworld.

Youlettercontinues:

"AfterChristleftthetwomen ontheroadtoEmmaus.werememberthatafterexpounding theScripturestothem.,heleft theScripturesopenforthem toread.Christalsoquotesin anotherinstance(Searchthe Scriptures,forinthemyou thinkyouhaveeternallife), butthereisnomentionofany RomanCatholicChurch."

A.:Herearetheexactwords fromSt.Luke'sGospelthattell whatOurLordsaidanddidin theincidentonthewaytoEmmaus:

Ch.XXIV.,v.27:

"AndbeginningatMoses andalltheprophets,heexpoundedtotheminallthe Scriptures,thethingsthat wereconcerninghim."

Andv.32:

"Andtheysaidonetothe other:Wasnotourheartburningwithinus,whilsthespoke intheway,andopenedtous theScriptures."

Actuallythereisnoquestion ofusbeingtoldthatHeleft theScripturesopenforthemto read.Therewouldbenopoint in'tellingusthis,fortheScriptureswereavailabletoall.But whatheDIDdowastoshow themthattheyneededaguideto understandthemeaningofthe Scriptures.ChristOurLord hasleftusthissureguideinHis Church,whichalonecangiveus thetrueinterpretationofHoly Scripture.OurLordpromised HisChurchthatHewouldbe withheralldays,evenuntilthe endoftheworld.HealsopromisedthatHewouldsendthe HolySpirittoteachtheChurch alltruthandtoabidewithit forever.Fromthisitisevident thatitmustbepossibletofind to-daythatinfalliblevoiceof

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Truth,forsoHehaspromised. Whereisittobefound?One, andoneonly,Churchclaimsto bethatinfallibleguide,andits claimsareprovedfromtheevidenceoftheHolyScriptures andtheChristianTradition.

Withreferencetoyoursecond quotationfromSt.John'sGospel:"SearchtheScriptures,for inthemyouthinktohavelife everlasting;andthesamegive testimonyofme.Andyouwill notcometomethatyoumay havelife."(Jo.V.,39.)Thisis areproachthatChristmadeto thePharisees,thatreadingtheScriptures,astheydid,ana thinkingtofindeverlastinglife inthem,theywouldnotreceive HimtowhomallthoseScriptures gavetestimony,andthrough whomalonetheycouldhavethat truelife.

Don'tyouthink,Mr.Taylor, thatthesamereproachcould wellbe thosemadeinourdaysto whohavetheScriptures, boththeOldandtheNewTestamentwritingspreservedforus bytheCatholicChurch,andwho readingthemfailtofindthat ChristestablishedaSocietyon earth,whichwecallaChurch.to bethemeansoffindingHim surelyWhoistheWay,the TruthandtheLife;thatHegave tothissocietycertainmarksor characteristicsbywhichitcannotfailtobeknown,sothatto thosewhosearchtheScriptures prayerfullyandareguidedby HisHolySpirit,whichisinHis Church,shallfindinitEverlastingLife?

Thenextsentenceofyouletter doesnotdemandanylengthy answer.Yousay:

"Butthereisnomentionof anyRomanCatholicChurch." Isupposeyoumean,inthe Scriptures.

A.:IfwefmdtheChurchestablishedbyChristwhileon earthandbuiltonSt,Peter, theRock,Andfindthatthat Church,accordingtoChrist's promise,willlastuntiltheend oftime,becauseHewillbewith itandguideandprotectitby HisHolySpirit.Ifwefindthat intheScriptures,thenwehave theHolyCatholicChurchasit existsto-day,whetheryoucallit theRomanCatholicChurchor not.AndthatistheChurch whoseteachingsIamprivileged toexpoundinthissession. Youconcludeyourletterasfollows:

"Tomyminditisallclear,on thiswise,Christandhisbride, thelittleflock,ortheheaven onearth,didnotsolelydepend onthedeath,resurrectionor ascensionofChrist,butitdoes dependonthedescentofthe HolySpirittobaptiseallbelieversintoonebodyinChrist.

(Note)AgainthereisnomentionofRomanCatholicChurch. Itrustthereisnooffencein thewritingofthis."

A.:None,whatever,Mr.Taylor. Yousaytoyourminditisall clear.ButIaskyouveryearn-estly,whatguaranteehaveyou thatthis"wayofsalvation"you haveworkedoutforyourselfis reallyGod'sway?Iwouldask youtostudyprayerfullythe claimsoftheHolyCatholic Churchwithanopenmind, searchingtheGospelsandEpis- tlesandstudyingthestoryof Christ'sChurchfromthebegin- ning.Ifeelifyouwoulddo this,youwhohavesomuchgood willandsuchadesireforthe truth,thatGodwould,indeed, giveyouthegracetofindthe truth,intheChurchofGod.

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WhytheChurchObjects toSecularEducation

MANYPROTESTANTSDEPLOREOMISSIONOFRELIGION

Religioncannotbetreatedasanunimportantextra.1t isthefoundationonwhichthe wholeeducationalstructuremust rest."Thearticlefromthe "Times,"alreadyquoted,puts thisverywell:

"StateSchoolTeacher,"Subiaco:thetaxpayerhastopay.Itis "Ihaveonlyrecentlybeguntounjustthatweshouldhavetodo listenregularlytoyoursession,andIwouldbegladif youcouldgivemeabriefoutlineofwhattheCatholicpositionisinregardtotheschool question. 1understandthat Catholicsarehostiletoschools runbytheGovernment."

A.:Catholicsarenothostile toschoolsrunbytheState.They recognisetheeffortsthatthe EducationDepartmentinthe variousStatesismakingtoimpartahighstandardofinstructiontotheseschools.Catholics, however,arecriticalaboutState schools.Theycannot,onprin- ciple,acceptthepresentsystem, becauseitdoesnotimpartthe moralandreligioustrainingthey consideranessentialpartof trueeducation.Theconsequence isthatinordertoprovidethistrainingfortheirchildren,they areobliged,inadditiontopay- ingtheirshareoftheexpenseof runningtheStateschools,to erectandmaintaintheirown schools.

CatholicsadmitthattheState hasarighttoinsistonitscitizensbeingeducated.Ithasin factadutytoseethatthe amountofeducationnecessary forgoodcitizenshipisavailable forall. hasnoright,however,tohamperprivateinitiative ortoestablishaStatemonopoly in andeducation,Providedreligious privateschoolsaccepttheeducationalrequirementswhich theStatedemandsofitsown schools,theStatewouldinterferewiththerightsofparents andtherightsofconscience wereittocompelattendanceat itsownschools.

Theparenthastheprimary dutyintheeducationofthe child.Itisonlywhenthepar- entisnegligentthattheState acquiresanyrightsinthematter.Apartfromthatcase,the activityoftheStateisconfined toassistingtheparentsincarry- ingouttheirduty.Inthecon-ditionsofmodernsociety,itisinevitablethatagooddealofthe organisationnecessaryforasatisfactoryeducationalsystemwill devolveontheState.Whether, evenapartaltogetherfromthe religiousissue,thisstateofaf- fairsisdesirableisaveryde- batablequestion,inwhich,however,Iamnotinterestedatthe moment.Thefactofthematter,hereinAustralia,seemsto be,thatalargenumberofpeo- plearequitesatisfiedwiththe instructiongivenintheState schools.Wedeplorethisfact, but,giventhefact,weadmitthat theStateisrightinestablishing schoolsofthiskindforthose whowantthem.-Whatweobject to,isbeingaskedtopayfor schoolswhichwecannotuse.We donotevenasktheStatetoeducateourchildrenforus.We arequitewillingtodothatourselves,butwhiledoingsowe consideritunjustthatweshould betaxedtopayforaneducationalsystemfromwhichwederivenobenefit.

thisatourownexpense,and then,inaddition,contributeto theupkeepoftheStateeducationalsystem.

Youmaywonderwhyweinsistontheplaceofreligionin theschool.Well,itisworth notingthatCatholicsarenot aloneinthatregard.

ManythoughtfulProtestants havecometorealisethevital necessityofatrulyreligious education.Thefollowingisa shortquotationfromaleading articleintheLondon"Times," ofFebruary17,1940:"Thecommonargumentthat,whilethe provisionandsupervisionofeducationmustbethebusinessof theState,religiousinstructon mustbeconsideredasaltogether theaffairoftheChurchesisnot onlyworthlessbutmischievous, Itismischievousbecauseitencouragesthefallacythatessentialeducationcanbecompleted bysecularinstructionalone,and thattheteachingofreligionis merelyakindofoptionalsupplement.Thetruth,ofcourse,is thatreligionmustformthevery

"Againandagaintheodious fallacyrecursthateducationis onethingandreligiousinstructionquiteanother.Itisthe rightpurposeofnationaleducationtoproducemenandwomen withhealthybodiesandintelligentminds,andtheimmense sumsdevotedtothispurposeare wellspent.Yetthehighest educationalaimistoproduce goodcitizens.Thebasisof goodcitizenshipischaracter,and (ContinuedonPage15.)

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PRIESTSALLOWEDTOCOLLECT PEELINGS

Becausetheyhadbeenprisonersinaconcentrationcamp, twopriestsinKoenigsberghave beengrantedaconcessionbythe Russians.

Theyareallowedtocollect kitchenrefuseandpotatopeelingsfromtheRussianbarracks fordistributionamongthestarving.

AccordingtoarecentSovietmilitarygovernmentannouncement,priestsintheEasternzone areallowedtoholdservices,prepareyouthsforconfirmationand givereligiousinstruction.

Allotherchurchworkamong youth,includingculturaland sportingactivities,isforbidden. Youthorganisationsarebanned.

Itisestimatedthatthereare stillseveralhundredthousand GermanCatholicslivinginthe newPolishareasofEasternGermany.

ENGLISHHIERARCHYBACKS

Y.C.W.

TheHierarchyattheirLow Weekmeetingpassedaresolutionexpressingtheiradmiration oftheYoungChristianWorkers'Movementandtheirwillingnesstogiveiteverysupport. CardinalGriffinsaidinhis Lentenpastoralletter:

"Oneofthemostpromising movementsofthepresentdayis thatoftheYoungChristian Workers.

"Themembers,theyoung workersofbothsexes,havedeterminedtowintheworkersof thiscountrybacktoChristby theirprayersandbytheiractions.

"Themethodstheyemployare admirablysuitedtotheneedsof ourtime."

VESTMENTSFOR CHILDREN

ThemostpopularmaninChile to-day,saysanAmericanpriestvisitor,isCardinalRodriguez, oneofthe32newCardinalsof ayearago.Chiefreasonisthe Cardinal'snumerouspersonal actsofcharity.

CopperminersinNorthern ChilerelateasatypicalactHis Eminence'skindnessduringa Confirmationtourinthoseparts. Inonetownthechildrenwere sopoorthattheyhadnoclothes towearfortheceremony.

TheCardinal-thenBishopof Iquique-thereuponcutuphis ownrobesandimprovisedclothingforthechildren.

Accordingtothecongregation, thedescentoftheHolyGhoston thisoccasionwasoneofthe mostcolourfuleventseverseen inChile.

* BABERUTH MODELFOR BOYS

Nofewerthan58,000people wenttotheYankeeStadiumin NewYorkforceremoniesin honourofBabeRuth,thefamous baseballplayer.

CardinalSpellmansaidaprayerspeciallycomposedfortheoccasion.Itread:

"0God,toTheeweturntodayandprayThee:Bethespirit ofoursports,thesourceofour inspirationandphysicalstrength fortheupbuildingofournation, asonthisoccasionwehonoura herointheworldofsport,a championoffairplayandamanlyleaderofyouthinAmerica.

"WebeseechTheetobless himandhisapostolateamongthe youthofeverylandthathemay continuetoencourageandinspiretheyoungtolivechaste, soberandheroiclives,thatthey maybuildforthemselvesbodies disciplinedbythehighestideal, ofsportsmanshipfortheglory ofourbelovedcountry,forthe gloryofThybelovedSelf."

ModelforBoys.

BabeRuth-hisrealfirstname isGeorge-wasputonthepath tofamebyaChristianBrother atSt.Mary'sIndustrialSchool inBaltimore.

Hissalaryinhishey-daywas biggerthanthatofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates.

Thereisnodoubtatall,as CardinalSpellmanindicatedin theprayer,thatmillionsofboys lookedtohimtoshowhowan Americanoughttolive.

* TROOPS REBUILD CATHEDRAL

BritishandIndiantroopsof the19th.divisionhaverebuiltthe CathedralatToungoo,inBurma,destroyedbybombs. In chargeoftheworkwasMajor MacCarthy,oftheRoyalEngineers.Whenthenewbuilding wascomplete,MajorMacCarthy saidtooneofthemissionaries: "Pleasedonotletthesanctuary lampevergooutagain.Itis forthisthatIhaveworkedso hardmonthaftermonth."The cathedralhasbeenreconsecrated byBishopLanfranconi,Vicar ApostolicofToungoo.

justiceoftheArchbishop'strial andsentencebecause"ArchbishopStepinacrepresentseach oneofus.

"Itisbecauseindefendinghumanrightsashedidheisdefendingtherightsoftheindividualperson.Heisdefending ourrights.

"Itwasfortheseveryrights thatwetoiledandsuffereddull= ingthewaryears.Itisbecausewedefendedtheserights thatthiscountryisevento-day sufferingfromtheeffectsofthe war.

"Makenomistakeaboutit, ArchbishopStepinachasbeenput inprisonbecausehedaredtoopposethetotalitariandictator, Tito,forhispersecutionofthe CatholicChurch..

"Religiousteachershavebeen forthemostpartremovedfrom theschoolsandhavebeenreplacedbyCommunists.

BanonReligion.

"Religiousteachingissupposedtobeallowedtochildrenunder11,butonconditionthatthe childrenaskforsuchinstruction.

"Intheupperclassesofsecondaryschoolsandinthetrainthecollegesreligionisforbidden. "Thepeopleliveinconstant fear. "Freedomofassemblyisdenied..

"Politicalopponentsareexterminatedoutrightorbyjudicial murder....

"Surelyitistimethatthe UnitedNationsOrganisation shouldholdanenquiryintothese wickedcrimesagainsthumanity, becausetheyarecrimesnotonly againsttheunfortunatepeople livingthere,butcrimesagainst ourselvesasbeingmembersof thehumanfamily."

THERESA NEUMANNILL

TheresaNeumann,theBavarianpeasantwhobearsthestigmataofOurLordandhasgone withoutfoodanddrinkfor19 years,hasbeensufferingfrom rheumatisminherrightshoulderandasthma.

Herillnessappearstobethe reasonwhyshehasbeenrelieved ofthepainshesufferedinpreviousyearsonthatpartofher body,thesideonwhichOur LordsufferedtheheaviestburdenincarryingtheCross.

3,000Visitors.

Ithasoftenhappenedthat Theresahasbeenrelievedofa correspondingmysticalsuffering wheneverundergoingsomephysicaldisability. TheNeumannhome,inKonnersreuth,severelydamagedin thewar,nowhasbeenrestored.

Foronebriefperiodinhiscareerhedidn'tseemtocare.He waspulledupsharpwhenhe wasmadetorealisewhateffect thismighthaveuponAmerican boyhood.

ItwasgoodfunforthebaseballfanswhenBabe,having learnedhislesson,begantoscore homerunsagain;butforBabe himselfitwasnotamatterof sportbutofconscience.

HISEMINENCECARDINAL GRIFFIN.

* JUGOSLAVIA LOST1,500 PRIESTSSINCE 1939

Cardinal'FellsofTitoPersecutionCampaign, In1939therewere1,916parishpriestsinYugoslavia.Now therearefewerthan400.

186havebeenputtodeath withouttrial. 32havebeen sentencedtodeathandexecuted 85havebeensentencedto lifeimprisonment.

409havebeenforcedinto exile.

800areunaccountedfor.

CardinalGriffingavethesefiguresatameetinginWembley organisedtoprotestagainstthe trialandimprisonmentofArchbishopStepinacandthepersecutionoftheChurchbytheTito regimeinYugoslavia.

StandsForUs.

HisEminencerecalledMgr. Stepinac'sdefenceandchampionshipoftheSerbianminority-composedmainlyofOrthodoxChristians-andoftheJews, andsaidthatCatholicsinEnglandareconcernedaboutthein-

THERESANEUMANN,WITH HERSISTER.

Theresa'sroomescapedwhile allotherroomswerehitby shells.

Thisyear3,000peoplewentto KonnersreuthonGoodFridayto catchaglimpseofthewoman whogoesthroughthePassionin asortoftranceandwithallthe indicationsofarealexperience.

.414410.4PNI4.4.1.#0.410.04MISIPINPPI..11411414

HaveYourRacquetReetrungor RepairedbyNorm.Beast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

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Arecentphoto.ofBabeRuth, theone-timebaseballstar.

ANEWORDER(Religious)

FatherBasilDoyle('.S.P., haswrittenachallengingarticle in"TheMissionary,"anAmericanpublication,whereinheputs forwardasugges.ionfortheformationofanewreligiousOrder whichshalltackletheproblem ofChristianisingthestageand screen.Whyshouldnotanun beanactressaswell,heasks.

Portionofhisarticleisreprintedbelow:

TheChurchhasalwayshada flairforthedramatic,TheMass isbutoneexample;theritualof theSacramentsisanother.It isallarecognitionofthefact thatmanismadeofbodyaswell assoul.Inthesamespiritshe hasfosteredpainting,sculpture andmusic,andputthemtothe useofworship.TheMiddle Ageswerenotableforthe Church'sencouragementofthe MiracleandMysteryplaysfor theinstructionandinspiration ofherchildren.Theywerethe oneexpressionofthedramafor hundredsofyears.Theypre- sentedtothemasseslessons fromtheOldandNewTestamentsandlivesoftheBlessed Virginandthesaints.

Theseplayswerebutthedevelopmentandexpansionofthe Church'sliturgy,andhadtheir basicorigininthesanctuary. Andthewholeidea,wemaysay, goesbacktoChrist,Whoscarcelyevertriedtoteachalesson withoutpresentingapicture,a wordpicture.Themodern dramawasbornofthismediaevalCatholictheatre,andis thereforeourownheritage, thoughithasstrayedfarfrom homeandhaspickedupmuch dustontheroad.

To-day,theopportunitiesfor useofthedramaintheservice oftruereligionaretremendous, andarebeingmissedalmostcompletely. Iamthinkingofthe motionpicture.Itspossibilities inthefieldofreligiouspropagan- daarelimitless.Yetthereis onlyonefilm,tothebestofmy knowledge,thathasaCatholic theme,isonthehighestlevelfor artistry,andisatthesametime available,forareasonablefee, forreligiouspurposes.Itis "TheKingofKings,"thestory ofChrist,andfollowstheNew Testamentprettyfaithfullyin whatitshows.Butitis"silent,"andthereforeoutofdate. ThenitisaproductofHolly-

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wood;hencedesignedprimarilyforentertainment.Itisneutral inthematterofdoctrine.Diligentcarewastakenthatit shouldnotoffendanybody,"The SongofBernadette"isanother picture,beautifulandinspiring. Itcouldbeusedtodistinctadvantageinmissionaryenter- prises;buttrytogetitforprivateorreligioususe! Whatweneedareourownpic- tures,talent,directors,andall thatwouldgotomakeupaCatholicproductionunit.Thebig obstacletoanysuchambitious enterprisewouldseemtobeHollywood.Howcanwecompete withresourcesthatcancommand nearlyallthetalentintheworld withthewaveofachequebook? Yetwecompetewiththepowerofmoneyinotherfields.Educationisoneexample,thoughin theU.S.A.onenon-CatholicUniversityalone,Harvard,nasa largermoneyendowmentthan alltheAmericanCatholicUniversities,CollegesandAcademies.OurCatholichospitals, withtheirlimitedfunds,arethe envyofStateinstitutionsand privatecorporations.Suchachievementsaremadepossible onlybythedevotedzealofa greatarmyofpriests,brothers,

phyoflife.Suchpictureswould maketheirownway,aswitness "TheSongofBernadette."We couldhaveamillionofthem. Theprofitsfromthesewouldgo tomakethemoreinstructional filmsforparishhalls,schools andmissions,atnomeand abroad,insteadofintohugesalarycheques. Theworkerswouldbecontent witha profitmodestcompetence,the motivehavingbeenreplac- edbythemotiveofGod'slove andthespiritofdedication.

Besides,theideaisn'tsoUtopianandimpracticalasitmay seematfirstglance.hifact Hollywooditself,despiteitsreputatiorrfornon-spirituality,hasthemen,thewomen,andthe meanstomakeitareality.There aremanyverygoodpeoplein Hollywood,whoareimpatient andboredwithHollywood'sshallowness,andwhoalsohave moneyunlessthebadmanwho collectsthetaxeshastakenit all.Everyonceinawhilewe readofsomestargoingoutonhis ownandorganisingaproduction company.Nowthereisagood- lynumberofCatholicstarsand

TheManWhoCame toDinner

FilmVersionofFamousPlayReturnstoPerth

TherevivalatHisMajesty's Theatre-"TheManWhoCame toDinner"-isworthacoupleof shillingsofanyone'smoney. Thosewhomisseditwhenitwas herepreviouslyshouldnotmake thatmistakeagain,andeven thosewhoarefamiliarwiththe storycannotfailtobehighly entertainedbymakingareturn visit.

MontyWoolleyissuperb.He playshisextraordinaryrolewith greatdashandinfectiouscomedy-thesortofcomedywhich isallthefunnierbecauseitlies behindamaskofirascibility. Onehadthefeeling,watchingthispicture,thatGeorgeBen nardthawwasgoingthrough someofhisantics.Whatmatchlesssangfroid,whatsplit-second timing,whatrapier-likesarcasm ineveryglance,lineofhisface, angleofhisbody!Andthen theforthright,robustdialogue

SLhatisputintothemouthofthe colossus-somethinglikethis: "MyauntJeminaatechocolates tillshewas102;and threedaysafterherdeathshe lookedbetterthanyoudonow!"

SheridanWhiteside,famous lecturerandradiopersonality, comesto(lineatthehomeofa socialbutterflyandherphleg- matichusband.Asheisenteringthehousehefallsandinjureshimself,necessitatinga prolongedstayatthehouse.He takeschargeoftheplace,abusing larlyeverybodyroundly,particuhishost,whomhethreatenstosuefordamages.While heisatthemansionheistherecipientoffloraltributesandpre- sentsfromallovertheworld,includinganoctopusandaflockof penguins.WinstonChurchill sendshimatelegram,anditis evidentthatheisonfamiliar termswiththeDukeandDuchessofWindsor,severalMaharajahsand"Schnozzle"Durante. Hedineswithmurderersone night,andJapanese(orChinese?)thenext.

Theplotissoimprobablethat inlesscapablehandsthefilm wouldbeentirelyboring.But MontyWoolley,BetteDavisand AnnSheridanmakeanexcellent team,withWoolleydisposingthe mostextravagantnonsenseinexpertfashion.Theminorroles arewelldone,too.ItisrumouredthattheRepertoryClubintendstoproduce"TheManWho CametoDinner"latethisyear. -DE

GUSTIBUS.

andespeciallynuns,whogive theirtalentsandgeniusnotfor moneybutfortheloveofGod. Mustallreligiouscommunities limittheirCatholcActionto teaching,nursingandtending theneedsofthepoor?

Seven-year-oldMargaretO'Brienisthewonder-childofthe silverscreen.Margaretsays sheisgoingtoenteraconvent whenshegrowsup.Suppose shealsowantstocontinuethe careerthatholdssuchhighpro- miseforher.Shewillbetorn betweenthetwodesires.Nun oractress?Well,whycan'tshe beboth?Whycouldnotanun beanactress?Whycouldnot agirl,endowedbyGodwitha largemeasureofdramaticability,dedicatehertalentstothe gloryofGodandthesalvationof souls;tothediffusionthrough themediumofthescreen,of beauty,truthandgoodness,pure lyfortheloveofGodandin pursuitofherownperfection? Isnotthatpreciselywhatthe teachingcommunitiesaredoing, onlythroughanothermedium? Andthemissionaries?Why couldshenotmakeofherlife, too,adedication,avocation?

Oneloneperson,however, couldnothopetobeverysuccessfuloreffectiveinsucha laudableendeavour.Therewould beneedofmanyotherlike minded,kindredsouls.Perhaps thenanewreligiousorderisrequired.Suchaonewouldbea verymodernorderindeed,But everyneworderwasmodernat thetimeofitsfoundation.The KnightsTemplarmusthavebeen astartlinginnovationinthe earlytwelfthcentury.Itwas anorderofsoldierswhoseobjectwastowieldarmsinprotec- tionoftheHolyPlacesinJerusalem,whiletheyadoptedtheCistercianhabitandstrictrule oflife.

However,thefoundationofthe militaryorderswassimple,to theextentthattheprofessionof armswas,inthosedays,confined tomen.Andthevariousorders ofto-dayareengagedinworks thatcanbeperformedbyeither menorwomenalone.Thedramaticprofessionisperhapsunique.Itdemandscollaboration ofmenandwomeninaneven closerassociationthanthatof doctorsandnurses.

Whycan'twecreateorganisa- tionstocompetewithpresent dayproducersinthelegitimate theatre,andwithHollywoodin movingpictures?Surelythey needclean,strong,effectivecompetitiontoraisetheirstandards, andtokeepthemonahighlevel ofdecency.Thecompanythat Ienvisionwouldnotconfineitselftostrictlyreligiouspictures. Itwouldmakepicturesthrough whichwouldrun,albeitunobtrusively,theCatholicphiloso-

starletsintheworldofmusicand drama,besideswriters,technicians,designers,etcWhycould notagroupofthemgettogether andstartoutonthesenewlines? Itmightbetheroadtothereallyfulllifethattheyarecraving. Theirbigproblemafterthat wouldbethecarefulselectionof theaspiringrecruitsthatwould comestormingtheirgates.

TheCatholicReligion,withits truephilosophyoflife,isnot reaching multitudes.thegreatunchurched Themassmindis notaCatholicmind,thoughit embracesthemindsofmanyCatholics.Itisbeingoverwhelmedbymaterialismandfalse ideals,andlargelythroughthe motionpictures.Wecould makearealimpressiononthis massmind,perhapscaptureit, ifwebutmarshalledourforces andmadeusofalltheresources thegoodGodhasputwithinour reach.Themotionpicture. withits soundperfectionofvisualand effects,andfacilityof reachingmindandheartisa powerintheworldto-day.

POPE'S WARNING

Pressandmotionpictures whichattackandunderminereligiousandmoralfoundationsof thelifeofapeoplewerecondemnedrecentlyinanaddressby HisHolinessPopePiusXII.

TheHolyFatherdeclaredthat suchattacksandundermining"is alegalisingoflicense,notgenuineliberty,asevenanon-Christiancancomprehend."

Withoutspecificallycitingany motionpictureornewspaper,the Popewarnedthatmen,bothas individualsandaspartofhumansociety,andtheircommon welfarealwaysareboundtothis supremescaleofvaluesestablishedbyGod.

"Tomakepossibleandrender effectivethisbondinamanner worthyofhumannature,man hasbeengivenpersonalfreedom. Theprotectionofthisfreedom isthepurposeofeveryjuridical orderworthyofthename.

"However,itfollowsthatthere canbeneitherfreedomnorright toviolatethatsupremescaleof values,whichwouldinthatcase beimpaired.

"Freedomofthepressandmotionpictures,ifgrantedwithout regardtothatsupremeorder, offendspublicmoralityand thereforethecommongood,"declaredtheHolyFather.

InterestingJointArt

Exhibition

TwoEvaluationsofAustralia

InajointexhibitionbyHelen BrisbaneandW.M.Barton.at theNewspaperHouseArtGallery,Perthhastheopportunity ofseeingoneofthemostinterestingcontrasts,orifyoupre- fer,oneofthemostvitalconflictsinartinAustraliato-day. MissBrisbane,paintinginoils, isveryprecise,technicallysound. butsomewhatcramped,convey- ingtheimpression,formeat least,thatthisisAustraliaas theEnglishseeit.Mr.Barton, ontheotherhand,usingwater colours,capturestherealityof vastboundarylessspaces,a splashoflifeintheshapeofa grazingsheep,andanimmense panoramaofhotcolour,thehues andshadeschasingeachother acrossaratherfeaturelesslandscape. MissBrisbane,althoughshe paintsa"pretty"picture,has,I feel,madeagravemistakein leavingoutanimpressionof spaceandgrandeur.Sheseems tobeawareofthislackofsize inherwork,forinNo.7,"JanuaryLandscape,"shechasesand capturesthatvitalsense.of space.Herbasiccolours,inthis picture,areblackandyellow,a blacktreeintheforeground,and thesummersunburnishingthe dryinggrassoverpaddockafter paddockdividedbyblackfences.

Itisaverypowerfulmood,although,strangelyenough,nota happyone. MissBrisbaneiseitherseized byverystrongmoods,orelse sheisbasicallydissatisfiedwith interpretationofnature, technicallysoundthoughitis, andfromtimetotimeexperimentsin stalliseanendeavourtocrythespiritof.thebush.

InNo.9,"GreyDays,"she makesadefinitebreakwithher orthodoxy,theresultbeingthat thepicturecouldbepaintedby anyoneelsethanMissBrisbane. Itisstronglysuggestiveofthe traditionalFlemishinfluence, anditisanextraordinarilyinteresting,andtoacertainextent,provocativepieceofwork.

Mr.Barton,asIhavealready hinted,isarealAustralianpaintingtherealAustralia.Hehas aboldoriginalwayofpresent- ingwhathesees,andanuncanny knackofloadinghispictureswithanemotionalcontentwhich ishardtodefine.Infact,the firstthingthathappenstoyou, whenyouseehiswork,istobe filledwithawonderfulimpres- sionofsunlightandlaughter,of don't-give-a-damnandhumour, anditis,perhaps,halfaminute laterbeforethedetailsofthe paintingstarttofilterthrough,

(ContinuedonPage9.)

"King'sPork,theSwonRiver, ourkarriforests,coves,and GoldfieldsWaterSchemeore showsightsthatallvisitors toW.A.admireandpraise. GloucesterPorkisalsoon outstandingshowsight.It presentsthebestnighttrottingintheCommonwealth andistheenvyofsporting visitors.Thesportingfolkof VictoriaandN.S.W.hope somedaytocatchupwith us."

St.NicholasdeFlue

OnAscensionThursday,May15th,withallthesolemn ritualoftheCatholicChurchNicholasdeFlue,aSwiss nationalhero,wasproclaimedaSaintbyPopePiusXII.

BorninUntelwalden,Switzerland,in1417,NicholasVonFlue wastheson.ofafarmer.He .oughttwiceinthemilitaryforcesofhiscanton,butwhenSwiss troopsburnedaconventinwhich theenemyhadtakenrefuge,he leftthearmyAppointedamagistrateanddeputyforObwalden inpublicaffairsheagainleft officeastheresultofaninnocent poormanbeingconvictedonthe chargeofarichmanAfter thishebecameapeasant,workingonhisfarmtosupporthis wifeandtenchildren.

Whenhewasfifty,Nicholas heardacallfromGod,andleavinghisfamily(withtheirconsent)devotedhimselffor19years totheeremiticallifeatRanft. Itisrecordedthatduringthis periodhisonlysustenancewas theBlessedEucharist.Other tokensofdivinepredilection, suchasprophecyandvisions, markedhischoice,andhisprayersarecreditedwithsavingthe townofSarnenfromdestruction byfirein1468.

HighdignitariesofChurchand Statesoughthimoutinhis ravine,whereacellandchapel werefinallybuilttoreplacehis hutofbranchesandleaves.In 1480heiscreditedwithsaving Switzerlandfromcivilwarand possiblepartition.Itisconsideredpossiblethathehelpedto drawuptheEdictofStens.He diedin1487.

Stoves,GasBathHeaters,and HardwarecheaperatHassell's, 559WelligtonSt.B6307.

ST.NICHOLASDEFLUE.

Immediatelyafterhisdeaththe mountaineersoftheSaint'snative Sachselnbeganacultustohim whichwasconfirmbedbythe ChurchwhenNicholaswasbeatifiedbyPopeClementIX.,in1669. ThiseventdelightedSwissProtestantsaswellasCatholics,for St.NicholasishonouredthroughoutSwitzerlandasapatriotas wellasasaint.Ecclesiastics, politicians,poetsandhistorians ofallcreedshavesunghis praises.

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FAIRLICHTSTREET,MOSMANPARK

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HowthePopeSpendsHisDay

IntimateGlimpseofVatican

EugenioPacelliwasbornin

RomeonMarch2,1876His fathervasanofficialconnected withthetemporarylegaldepartmentoftheVatican,anddoyen oftheConsistorialAdvocates, whilehisunclewasfounderand manageroftheBancadiRoma. Hispriestlystudiesweremadein Rome,wherehewasordainedin 1899,havingreadabrilliant courseandobtainedthedoctoratesofTheologyandofCanon andCivilLaw.Thefollowing yearhewasappointedbyPope LeoXIII.todutiesinthePapal SecretariateofState.From1903 hewasProfessorattheApollinarieUniversity,andin1909he becameProfessorofDiplomacy attheAcademiadeiNobili,For manyyearshewastheAdaltus ofPopeBenedictXV.,whenthe latterwasUnder-Secretaryof State.In1911hehimelfsucceededtothatposition.In1915 hewasappointedSecretaryof theSacredCongregationofExtraordinaryEcclesiasticalAffairs, andcollaboratedcloselywith CardinalGasparriinhisgreat workoftheCodificationof CanonLaw.

ARCHBISHOP

In1917MonsignorPacelliwas consecratedTitularArchbishop ofSardesbyPopeBenedictXV. intheSistineChapel,andinthe sameyearwassentbythePope asApostolicNunciotoBavaria. Inthissphereheattainedgreat prominence,especiallyinpromotingthelastattemptof BenedictXV.toprevailonthe belligerentpowerstoconsider proposalsofpeace.Although theoverturewasunsuccessful, thepublicationofwarmemoirs isgraduallyshowinginclearer lighthowneartosuccessthe effortsofMgr.Pacelliinthis greateffortcame.In1919he succeededinconcludinganew ConcordatbetweentheHolySee andBavaria.

FollowingtheTreatiesofLocarno,whichconstitutedoneof themostimportantpost-war stepsinthedirectionofreconciliationinEurope,Mgr.Pacellireceivedwiderecognitionfor hispartintherestorationof friendlyrelationsbetweenFrance andGermany,apartwhichwas saidtohavebeenasgreatasany livingman.

In1920Mgr.Pacelliwassent toBerlinunderthenewRepublicanGovernment.Hehada greatdealtodowiththesettlementoftheRuhrcrisisafter visitingthatareaduringthe Frenchoccupation.TheculminationofhisworkinGermany wasthesuccessfulcarrying throughofthenegotiationswith thePrussianStatewhichresultedintheConcordatwiththe VaticaninJune,1929.

CARDINAL.

InDecemberofthesameyear hewasmadeaCardinal.In viewoftheoppositionofthe NaziGermanGovernmenttohis electiontothePapacy,itisinterestingtorecallthecomments oftheGermannewspaper,"KoelnischeVolkszeitung,"following hiselevationtotheCardinalate: "Hisactivitiesandspeecheshave notonlyerectedforhimamonumentintheheartsoftheGerman peopleandapositionintheculturalworld,butalsoaspiritual monument. Ourjoyatthe creationofanewCardinalis mingledwithregret,becausewe mustloseamanwhowasunder themosttryingcircumstancesa truefriendandagreatdiplomat."

SECRETARYOFSTATE

IceChests Radios Cutlery Cabinets

thosewhoadoptedacreedbasedonraceandblood,whichwas contrarytotheChristianfaith. Intheautumnof1936hepaidan unofficialvisittotheUnited States.

Itwasthebrotherofthenew Pope,ProfessorFrancescoPacelli,consultingjuristtotheVatican,whoconductedthenegotiationswithItalywhichledtothe conclusionoftheLateranTreatiesinJune,1929,aservicefor whichthePopegavehimthetitle ofMarchese.

DAILYROUTINE

ManypeoplehaveprobablywonderedhowthePopespendshis day.Weareindebtedto "Time"correspondentWilliam Rospigliosiforthefollowingdescriptionofhisdailyroutine.In theopinionofthosewhoknow theVaticanCityitisaveryaccuratedescription,andshould proveofgreatinteresttoalt readersof"TheRecord": EugenioPacelli,PiusXII.,BishopofRomeandVicarofJesus Christ,SuccessorofSt,Peter, PrinceoftheApostles,Supreme PontiffoftheWest,Primateof Italy,ArchbishopandMetropoli-

OneMinuteto9.

Breakfastisat8.30.ThePope likesanItalian-stylebreakfast ofcoffeewithmilkandbread-

Sincethewar,hehasstopped eatingbutter.Afterbreakfast,hesitsoninhissmallprivatediningroom,runningrapidlythroughthemorningpapers. WhenthegoldSwisswatchtells himitis8.50,herisesfromthe tableandgoestohisprivate study.Hemakesapointof ringingthebellonhisdeskannouncingthataudiencesarebeginning,atexactlyoneminuteto 9. Punctuallyonthehour,the firstCardinal,aftergenuflecting tokissthepapalring,isseated atthePope'sdesk,

AUDIENCES

Audiencesfallintofourcategories:Tabular(so-calledfrom theTabella,theprogramme whichispublishedearlyeach October,whichlistsallsuchaudiencesfortheofficialecclesiasticalyear-Oct.15toAug.15) (from9to11.15)fortheCardinalsandhigh Vatican officialsthroughwhomPius administersthe ecclesiasticalandpoliticalaffairsofthe Church;(2)Private(11.15to 12.15)fordiplomatsandother bigwigs,inthePope'sownlibrary;(3)Special(15.15to12.45) fornot-sobigwigs.inoneofthe library'santerooms,wherethey mustwaitforthePopetocome tothem;(4)Public(12.45to1.30 or2)forgroupsofpilgrims andmiscellaneousvisitors.

Duringtheearlyyearsofhis pontificate,PiusXII.spentas muchtimeashecouldinthe publicaudiences.Hewould wavehisentourageaside,andlet thepeoplethrongaroundhim. Oncehelosthisringinthe crush.-Anothertime,awoman beggedhimtohearherconfessionthenandthere.(ThePone did,inasecludedcornerofthe room.)Butthestrainofthe waryearshastoldonhim.He findstheselongpublicaudiences tiring,especiallynoticesthefatigueafterhoursofgentlyhelping toliftvisitorsfromtheirknees.

Recreation.

tanoftheRomanProvince,SovereignoftheStateoftheCityof theVatican,risespunctuallyat 6.30everymorning.Hethrows openthewindowofhisbedroom (onthethirdflooroftheVaticanPalace)lookingoutonSt. Peter'sSquare,andwithhands crossed,prays.Hisisabusy day,sothisfirstprayerisbrief.

Itisaquarterto7whenthe Popeentersthebathroomand turnsonhisownbath.The watercanbeelectricallyheated, butthePopeprefersitcold,even inwinter.(Heisabelieverin theKneippsystemoffighting coldswithcold).Afterhis bath,heshaveswithanelectric razoranddressesrapidly.Usuallyhisvestmentsarechanged fromthedaybefore.Hisindoor shoesaremadeofcloth(red,exceptonGoodFriday,whenhe wearswhite)andareleftevery nighttobecleanedalongwith thevestments.

Attenminutespast7appears stocky,pink-cheekedGiovanni Stefanoli,57,thePope's"aiut,ente dicamera,"whohasbeenhispersonalservantforyears.Giovanniisthefirstpersonwhosees thePopeeverymorning.He standsinsilencebythedoor fromthebedroomtotheprivate chapel.Nowordisspokenuntil afterMass.

ThePope'slunch,too,issolitary.Followingthetraditionof hispredecessors,thePontiffhas noteatenamealwithanyone sincehiselevation.Hehasa preferenceforricesoup.small portionsofspaghettiandwhite meat.Helikesvegetables,especiallyspinach,ofwhichheeats sizablequantities.Hedrinksa smallglassofwine(redwineon verycolddays).Afterlunch hetakesonecupofstrongblack coffee,thenrestsforexactlyone hour.Meticulouslypunctual.he goesbacktoworkwhenthelittle goldalarmclockwarnshimthat thehourofrestisup.

At4,whatevertheweather, theelevatortakesthePopedown totheSanDamasocourtyard, whereablackCadillac,drivenby slimtallChauffeurStoppa,is waitingtotakehimtotheVaticangardens.Asthecardrives throughthevariouscourtyards,

(ContinuedonPage10.)

MOUIIIIMIHIMIHRHIPI.OW1111111111111111,111.1110.flIM

YouAreInvitedtoInspectthe NewDisplay Of BRIDAL, CHILDSTUDIES, And GENERALPORTRAITURE displayedat VICTOR

Earlyin1930hesucceeded CardinalPietroGasparriasSecretaryofState.Inplaceof CardinalMerrydelVal,whohad died,thePopemadePacelliArchpriestofSt.Peter'sinMarch, 1930.HeandVonPapenconcludedtheConcordatbetween NaziGermanyandtheVatican inJune,1933,buttheconditions werenotobservedbyHerrHitlerandpersecutionofthe Churchcontinued.

NextyearheopenedtheEucharisticCongressatBuenos Aires.SpeakingatLourdesin April,1935,inthepresenceof theex-EmpressZitaandthe ArchdukeOtto,hesaidthatthe Churchcouldneverworkwith

ThePopeentersthechapeland kneelsbeforethealtar,whichis decoratedwithwhiteflowers (fresheverymorning-fromthe Vaticangardensinsummerand fromhothousesinwinter).The prayersinpreparationforMass take20minutes,thenGiovanni helpsthePopeputonthevestmentsforMass,Massissaidin strictestprivacy.Giovanniserves andtheonlyotherspresentare thesmallcommunityofSwiss nunsoftheCongregationofthe HolyCrossofMetzingen,who lookafterthePope'sclothesand kitchen.Atabout20past8, Massisfinished.fnerefollow 20minutesofthanksgivingbeforethealtar.

PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

672CENTRALHAYSTREET.

(EntranceCouncilAvenue).

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO.

***

TelephoneB4296forAppointments.

omememeuslionsinmenummessosesmosamsremom

HISHOLINESSPOPEPIUS XII.

ManofRenown

Truthwalksingaiters,but slanderhaswingedheels.That istosaythereisbitterness mingledwiththesatisfaction whichmustfilldecentpeopleat thebelatedvindicationofKing LeopoldofBelgium.Thecommissionsetuptoinvestigateallegationsoftreacheryagainst theKinghasbrandedasentirelyfalsetheallegationthathe surrenderedtotheGermansin 1940withoutwarningtheBritish andFrench.Forsevenyears, however,thisexemplaryCatholicrulerhaslainintheshadow ofsuspicion.Hewastreated withgrossunfairnessbythe Pressoftheworlddespitethe factthatthedetailsoftheBelgiansurrenderwerenotknown. IndeedonePerthnewspapersank solowastocomeoutwitha postercaptioned,"KingQuisling,"andmadenosubsequent acknowledgementofhisvindication, Thefirstpositiveassuranceof theKing'srectitudewascontainedinaPastoralLetterofCardinalVonRoey,PrimateofBelgium,whowrote:"Wemaintain forourKingrespect,fidelityand confidence."

LONDONKNEW.

InJune,of1941,theinside storyoftheseventragicdays leadingtothesurrenderofKing Leopoldwastoldinalibelcase inLondonbetweenAdmiralof theFleet,SirRogerKeyes,and the"DailyMirror"Newspaper, Ltd.SirRogerhadbeenspecialliaisonofficertotheKing untilthetimeheaskedforan armistice,andinthelightofhis knowledgeofthesituation,suggestedasuspensionofjudgment onKingLeopold.Forthisse wasattackedinthe"DailyMirror."Onthefactspresented inCourtthenewspaperapologised.OnMay28ofthesame year,Mr.Churchillalsoasked forasuspensionofjudgment untilthefactswereknown.

B.E.F.SAVED.

OnSeptember12,1941,abook publishedfortheBelgianMinistryofForeignAffairsbyEvans Brothers,Ltd.,London,revealed thathadtheKingnotdecides tosacrificehishelpless,ill-armed

KINGLEOPOLD.

soldierstotheNazipanzerdivisions,theBritishArmycould neverhovereachedthecoast, and325,000moreBritishtroops would,inallprobability,have beenkilledormadeprisoners. Byhisdignifiedattitudeinthe captivitytowhichhehadcondemnedhimself,byhisrefusalto accepttnefaitaccompli,Leopold showedhimselftobetheincarnationofapeoplewhichwould notacceptservitude.

LOYALCATHOLIC.

TheChurchdoesnotstandor fallbyanypoliticalregimeor personality,butitisinteresting thattheCatholicChurchwas madethetargetofattacksbe causeofKingLeopold'ssupposedcowardice.Henceitwould hehighlyunnaturalifCatholics didnotrejoiceintheheroism andfortitudeoftheKingofthe Belgiansandinhisfinalvindicationoverhisenemies.Leopoldhasalwaysbeenafaithful sonoftheChurch.Duringhis captivityhewouldallownothing todifferentiatebetweenhispositionandthatofhispeople.ne livedasfrugallyastheydid,and lostnoopportunityofshowing hisreligioussentiment.

WhoWillBethe Pioneers?

ThediscontentoftheSoldiers' Settlers'AssociationwiththeinertiaoftheGovernment'splans forthesettlementofex-servicemenonthelandappearstometo haveeveryreasontosupportit. Whateverexcusesmaybeput forwardtoexplaintheposition away,thereisnocircumventing theappallingfactthattwoyears aftertheconclusionofwarnota singlesettlerhasbeenplaced. Thatisbunglinginanylanguage.Thereisagreatdealthat mightbesaidofthebureaucratic

J.NEILSON OPTICIAN

S.DANNELL,F.S.MC.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST. TEL132014 16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

systembywhichapprovalofall purchaseshastocomefromCanberra.Surelythemenonthe spotarecapableofappraisingtheworthoffarmsandtheir valuewithoutalongdelaywhile someclerkinCanberrarubberstampshisunendingdocuments.

PERFECTIONISTPLANS. Butevenmoreseriousthanthe interminablered-tapeoftheprocedureistheconsiderationthat theWarServiceLandSettlement AgreementActisasorryfailure-inthisStateatleast.Its wholeconception,framedapparentlybymenwhohandledthe financialendofthefiascoofthe lastsoldiersettlementscheme, ispreposterouslyperfectionist. Itiscertainlydesirabletohave farmerswhounderstandfarmingandfarmswhichwillenable themtoliveaccordingtoade-

HOTELRAFFLES

CANNINGBRIDGE.

HIGHCLASSACCOMMODATION.

'Phone:MU1295. Proprietor:J.A.COLEMAN.

centstandardandtomeettheir commitments.Butithasbe. comeobviousthatthestandards demandedbytheFederalGovernmentbothastothetypeand trainingoffarmersandthesuitabilityoffarmsaresoexacting thatnoex-servicemen-willever besettled,unlessitisposthum ously.Inthatsenseweareall embarkedona"Backtothe Land"Movement,

APLEAFORPIONEERS.

Thereseemsat.themomentto beanurgentneedofcommonsense,inthatCanberramustdecidetocompromisebetweenwhat isideallydesirableandwhatis practicallypossible.Forone thing1don'tconsideritimpious todoubtthatthespoon-feeding ofsoldiersettlersisagood thing.Thereisagreatdealof pioneeringyettobedoneinthis Stateinregardtolandsettlement,andnooneisbettersuitedtoundertakesuchatask thantheyoungex-serviceman. Helearnedtolivehardinthe army,heisnotedforhisinitiative,andheisofpioneering stock.AndIdon'tthinkthat heisaversetoalittlehardgoingonhisownaccout.CertainlytheGovernmentshould helphiminevery-way,butthe presentmodusoperandiproposes totreathimasifhewereacongenitalidiotsufferingfromgeneralparalysis.

NEGLECTOFAGRICULTURE.

Perhapsitisanungenerous thought,butbeingontheoutsidelookinginitoccurstome thatperhapstheFederalGovernmentisnotveryanxioustosee landsettlementsucceed. CertainlyifitadherestothefindingsoftheRuralCommissionit willbehasteningthedaywhen therewillbefewerandfewer farmers,andagriculturewillbe conductedonahugemechanised scaleonStatefarms.While thismethodcouldundoubtedly produceallthefoodweneed,it wouldbeatragicdayforAus tralia.Foragricultureisfar morethanamatterofeconomics andfinance.Itisawayoflife throughwhichamanmayfind themaximumhappinessandfulfilmenttobehadinthismortal life.Ithassociologicalconse quencesofthefirstmagnitude forthehealth,thewealthand thelibertyofthenation.

OUT-MODEDFARMING.

Butitisnosecretthatthepre- occupationoftheFederalGovernmentiswithsecondaryindustryandmercantilism.Ana beingeggedonbyeconomistsit isnotsurprisingthattheycontinuetorepeatalltheoldmistakesabouttheland.Theyno longerthin':offarmingbutof "primaryproduction."Andif thefailureofthesoldiersettlementplanshasanythingtoteach us,itisthattheoldsystemof commercialfarmingiswashed up.Itisnotworthatinker's curseeitherasawayoflifeor asabusiness,

WHENSTRANGERSCOME.

Thealternative,theplanthat conformswithnatureandwith goodsense,istochangeoverto independentfarming.Itwould befutileandawasteofpublic moneytoattempttobolsterup thecrazysystemofcommercial farming.Thathasproved,its ineptitudebeyondcavil,andis rightlyonitswayout.What willreplaceitmay,inthenext fewyears,betakenoutofCanberra'scontrol.Forwiththe influxofEuropeanpeoplewho understandindependentfarming, thecountryareaswhichwehave notsettledwillbecutintostrips anddevelopedunderournoses, whilethelittleCzarsinvarious departmentsofStatewillstillbe arguingwhethertheyshouldsettleonesoldierayearoradecimalpoint.

FUTUREDEVELOPMENT.

Ofcourse,weshallallbevery angryattheimpertinenceof foreignersdoingsomethingwe ourselvescouldveryeasilyhave done.Weshallbeveryjealous whendepressioncomesuponthe citiesandthefactoriestosee them ablymanagingverycomfortonthe"smellofanoilrag." Theexpertswillfumeabouttheir developinglandwhichisimpossibleeconomicallytodevelop, andgrowingcropswhichsimply won'tgrowinAustralia.Itwill allbeverydisconcertingandper- hapsweshallhaveanicegory pogromtostopthatkindofnonsense.Butwhateverwedowe shallsillbeleftfeelingalittle foolish.

What

PriceSanctity?

crude,insanelyuniformcaricaturesontheoutlookofthefaithful.Themanofeducationand cuitureisrightlyrevoltedbythe giotesquestatuarytobefound inmostchurchesinthiscountry. Anditcannotevenescapethe untutoredthattheidentityof aSaintcanbeimmediatelydiscernedbytheinterchangeofa palm,acrozier,arulebook,or alily.Furthermore,itisdistressingtofindthatSt.Joseph isidenticalintheparishesof OssaandPelion.Thedangerof thischeap, commercialised church"art"isthatmorethan thestatueismadeinthemould. Themindsandheartsofthe faithfultakeonsomethingofthe characterof regimentationtheineptitudeand ofthesedyspepticportrayals.

VIRTUEINACTION.

St.THOMASMORE"GodsettethmeuponHisknee anddandlethme."

Itiseasytirtalkoutofturn aboutsuchmatters,butitseems tomethatwetakeenormous matterslikecanonisationsfar toolightlyinthiscountry.I donotrefermerelytoourliturgicalpovertycontrastedwith thesplendourandpompwhich attendthefinaldecreesinSt. Peter's,That,afterall,isconditionedentirelybylocalcircumstances.Butwedoseemto under-estimatewhat.Imay crudelytermthepropaganda valueoftheSaints.Tosome extent,perhaps,ourgeneration maybeexcusedonthisscore whenonerecallstheappalling heritageofhagiographywith whichwehavehadtocontend. Buteveninourownlife-timethe livesoftheSaintshavebeenrewritteninavital,dynamicway thatmustcompelattention.One needonlythinkoftheoldeditionofButler's"Lives,"and thenofHenriGheon'sseries,of FatherMartindale's,ofthework ofFatherBroderick,HelenWaddell,andahostofotherstorealisethechange.Anditisnot merelyachangeofstylebutan indicationofare-awakeningto thesupremeimportanceofholinesswithintheCatholicChurch.

SANCTITYDULL?

Ifpeopleatlarge,includinga largenumberofCatholics,have cometoregardholinessassomethingofabore,adulldisplayof externalpiety,ofsafeandeven smugvirtues,thefaultsurely lieswithoureducationalsystem andouraestheticvaluesinrepresumingtheSaints,bothinliteratureandinart.Inliterature, asIhaveindicated,therehas beenreformamountingtorevolution.Eventhe"difficult" Saints,likeAloysius,Benedict Labre,andJosephofCupertino, becameloveable,oratleastunderstandableatthehandsofthe newhagiographers.Butthere hasbeennocorrespondingmovementinregardtopaintingand statuary.

OUTOFAMOULD.

Itisnotmerelyaquestionof ecclesiasticalartbeingonall fours,butoftheeffectofthese

Whateverthecausesandthe effects,however,itisundeniabl thatsanctityisnotappreciated asitoughttobe,andthattoo littleisbeingdonetoremedy thismajordeficiency.Ihave saidthatweneglectthepropa- gandavalueoftheSaintsanda classicexample.istohand.On Sundaylastthecatecheticalinstructionscheduledforallpul- pitsintheArchdioceseconcernedthevarioustypesofvirtue, theirnatureandpractice.On thesameday,theHolyFather gavetheworldthreenew Saints-twopriestsandalay- man-whohadlivedlivesremarkableforthepracticeof heroicvirtues,andonwhomGod hadplacedthesealofhisappro- bationthroughmiracles.Here wasagoldenonnortunitytotalk notofvirtueinavacuumbutor virtueasthemotiveforceinthe personalitiesofrealpeople.It isallaquestionofthepsychologicalapproach,notasopposedto thelogicalapproach,butasits complement,illustratingandilluminatingit.Menwillfollowa manwheretheyfinditexceedinglydifficulttofollowadoctrine.Butiftheycanbeshown thedoctrinenotasadryskeletal structurebutasanintegralsublimatingforceinahumanlife lived,thenthewillismoreeasilyandreadilymovedtoadmirationandtoimitation.

HOLINESSANDHUMAN NATURE.

Recognitionofthisimportant educationalmethodhasbeen madeinthetechniqueofspirit- ualformationemployedinthe CatholicYouthMovements.To young,eager,responsiveminds itwouldbeadisservicetopresenttheChristianwayoflife asaseriesoftreatises.The idea,then.istoshowthemvirtueinactionasthehabitual thought,speechandactionsof oneentirelyloveableandadmirable.Thisisbestaccomplished byastudyofthelifeofOur LordJesusChrist,notasexegesisbutasthestoryofaman's lifelived.Inalesserdegreethe studyofthelivesoftheSaints yieldssimilarrichresults.One needonlybetoldofSt.Thomas More.forexample,thathesaid: "MethinksGodmakethmea wanton,andsettethmeuponHis kneeanddandlethme,"torealisethatherewasamanin

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SignificanceoftheCensus

ThetaIiingofacensusisaveryimportantpartof theparaphernaliaofmoderngovernment,andassumes evenlargerproportionsasgovernmentstendtogrowmore centralisedandpowerful.Ofcourse,theprocedureisnot new.Afullandminutecensuswastakeneveryfive yearsintheRomanEmpire.Itwasinthecourseofone suchRomancensusinthereignofAugustusCaesarthat JosephandMarywentfromNazarethtoBethlehemtobe enrolled,andthatChristOurLordwasborn.

Indeedthepeopleofthepastseemedtogoinforthis indofthingagreatdealmoremeticulouslythanwedo now.OnehaSonlytorecallthefamoussurveymadeof thegreaterpartofEnglandbyWilliamtheConquerorin 1086,knownastheDoomsdayBook.torealisewhatasystematicinquiryitrepresented.Presumablythepeopleof thetimethoughtaboutitinverymuchthesamewayas wedoofthecensus,foracontemporarywrote:"Sovery straitlydidhecausethesurveytobemade,thattherewas notasinglehyde,norayardlandofground,nor-itis shamefultosaywhathethoughtnoshametodo-was thereanoxoracoworapigpassedbyandthatwasnot downintheaccounts."

IntheMiddleAges,theterm"census"wasappliedto taxation,butithadnopracticalapplicationinitsmodern Tense,forneithertaxationnortheadjustmentofsocial rankrequiredanumberingofthepeople.Moreover,the stasticaloreconomicendsofsuchaprocesshadaslittle meaningforthemasfortheRomans.

WhengovernmentontheContinentgrewdespotic, however,theintimatedetailsofthecensusgrew,inimportanceforpurposesofadministrationandpolicesurveillance.ThefirstmoderncensuswastakeninCanada, thenaFrenchprovince,in1665.In1749acensuswas takeninSweden.GreatBritainwaslateinthefield, havingitsfirstcensusin1801.ItisdifficultforustorealisethatlongafterAdamSmith'stimethenumberofinhabitantsoftheBritishEmpirecouldonlybeguessedat inmuchthesamewayasthepopulousnessofChinaor Russiaisto-day.Inmostcountriesto-dayacensusis takeneverytenyears.

FortheChurch,too,census-takinghasacertainvalue, foritenablesachecktobemadeonthestatisticsnormally availablefromtheparishes.Duringtherecentwar,for example,enlistmentfiguresintheAmericanarmedfoices revealedthattheCatholicChurchintheUnitedStates wasinamuchstrongerpositionenumericallythanhad beenthoughtbytheCatholicauthorities.Otherdenominations,too,arealivetotheimportanceofthecensusfigures.TheRationalistswanttheirsupportersdescribed as"noreligion,"whiletheProtestantAllianceandthe LoyalOrangeInstitutionwouldlikepeopletospecifythe typeofProtestantismtowhichtheysubscribe.Actually thestatisticswillbeofmoreinteresttoProtestantsthan toCatholics,becausethereisnotestofpracticalProtestantism,andhence,thenumericaltestisaboutalltheycan clingto.EveryonewhoisnotaCatholic,aJew,ora non-believerinChristianity(andthatdivisionislessand lessclearamongthem)isgristtotheProtestantmill.

Catholicswouldnotnecessarilyderivemuchcomfort fromcensusreturnswhichindicatedanincreaseinthe numberofCatholics.Foronethingtheywouldhaveto makeallowanceforaproportionofHighChurchAnglicanswhowilldescribethemselvesas"Catholics;"for anotherforthoselapsedCatholics,whowilldescribethemselvesasof"noreligion."Butmostimportantwillbethe comparisonoftheparishregisterswiththegeneralcensus figurestoascertainthenumberof"practical,"i.e.,effective,Catholics.Anygreatdiscrepancywouldmeanthat wehavelostgroundpractically,eventhoughwemayappeartohavegainednumerically.

ImportantNoticeRe.Census

"CATHOLIC,"NOTR.C.

Inthecensustakenin1933Catholicswereaskedtodescribe theirreligionasR.C.

Recently,however,HisGracehasreceivedacommunication fromHisEminenceCardinalGilroyrecommendingthatweshould describeourselvessimplyas"Catholics." ThisrecommendationhasbeenadoptedbytheAustralian Hierarchy. ItisHisGrace'swish,therefore,thatthefaithfulshoulddescribethemselvesas"Catholic."

First-Class Clubfor Seamen...

Forthepasttwenty-twoyears thespiritualandtemporalneeds ofsailorsvisitingFremantle havebeentheconcernofthe Catholiccommunity.TheApostleshipoftheSeawork,which consistsofvisitingtheshipsand relievingdistressedseamen,has beenfaithfullydischargedbythe membersoftheSt.Vincentde PaulSociety,whoareipsofacto membersofthe"Apostolatus Maris"inportswherethereis noofficiallyformedApostleship Branch.TheyopenedarecreationcentreforseafarersinCliff Streetin1925.Itwasclose(' againaftertwelvemonths. However,visitationoftheships wentonuntilthewar.This workwasthencarriedonby FatherBreslin,0.M.I.,whowas PortandNavalChaplain.The C.W.O.openedacanteenanddepotforAlliedServicemenand MerchantSeamenaboutthis time,andmarinerswerewell cateredfor.

Withtheadventofpeace,the canteenclosed,andHisGrace theArchbishopagainthoughtof openingaSeamen'sInstitutionadesirehehascherishedfor manyyears.Aprincelygiftof £2,000fromtheAmericanHierarchy,asatokenofgratitudeto theCatholicsoftheWestforentertainingAmericansduringthe darkdaysoftheWar,enabled himtopurchaseasuitablehouse inQueenVictoriaStreet.Fremantle.

Furnishing,renovations,and alterationshavecost£4,000.The costofrunningtheestablish. mentwillhavetobemet,riis

Archbishop'sEngagements

June29: 7a.m.:CelebrateMassatSt. Charles'Seminary.

9a.m.:PresideatSolemnHigh MassatSeminary.

11a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMass,atSt.Mary'sCa thedral.

7.80p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitationatMos. manPark.

July6: 9a.m.:ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitationatBeaconsfield.

3.30p.m.:OpenMissiontoSea men,Fremantle. 7.80p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitationatCottesloe.

July13: 9.30a.m.:CanonicalVisitation andConfirmation,atSt.Ger. ard'sChurch,Palmyra.

July16: CarmeliteConvent,Nedlands: 7a.m.:CelebrateMass. 9a.m.:PresideatSolemnHigh Mass.

JamesMitchell,willproceedtogetherfromSt.Patrick'sPresbyterytothenewInstitute.They willbereceivedbyaNaval GuardofHonourwithfixed bayonets.HisGracewillbless anddeclarethebuildingopen. SirJameswillthenunveila

Graceisconfident,however,that theMissionwillsucceed.

Itisfeltthatthedayof Mariners'Clubsthatcatermerelyforamusementsisover.Sea. mento-dayarenotpoorlypaid, unkempt,'dirty.Whenthey comeashoretherearemany placestheycango.Theatres, cinemasanddancehallsare numerous.Theremustbesomethingspecial,somethingdistinctivetomakeitattractive.This Institutewillprovideallthe amenitiestobefoundinafirstclassclubofthiskind;butit willgofurtherandsupplysomethingthatwillmakeituniquein Australia.Itisplannedtohave marriedpeoples'quarters,where thewivesandfamiliesofmerchantseamenandnavalpersonnelcanstaywhiletheirhusbandsareinport.

Thisnewventurewillbe knownasthe"MitchellScheme." AlladmireHisExcellencythe Lieutenant-Governor,SirJames Mitchell.K.C.M.G.,forhisconstantadvocacyofastronger familylife.Hehasrepeatedly urgedtheneedforlargefamilies.Congestedcitiesandan ageingpopulationspellsdoom foroursunnymorningcontinent. Tohonoursuchawisestateman ourspecialty-withhisgracious permission-willbenamedafter him.

TheExecutivehasbeenfortunateinobtainingtheservicesof Mrs.FrankDaltonasManageress.Shehashadexperiencein thistypeofworkbeforeher marriagetoMr.FrankDalton, whowaswoundedinthebattle forBritain.Heservedasan gunnerintheR.AA.Fandwas injuredoverGermany.Mrs. DaltonisoneoftheEnglish brides.

At3.30p.m.onJuly6next, HisGrace,accompaniedbySir

paintingbyLeachBarker,the famousCatholicwatercolourartist,commemoratingtheevent, Thiswillbefollowedbyanap- pealforfunds.Inspectionof theMissionwillfollow.

Thefollowinghavesignifiedtheirintentionofbeingpresent:

TheHon.H.S.Seward,M.L.A., MinisterforRailwaysandTransport(representingtheGovernment);theLeaderoftheOpposi- tion;theMinisterforTransport;SenatorTangney;the MayorofFremantle;thelocal M.L.A.'s;SirJohnKirwan;Sir JohnNorthmore;SenatorsClothier,NashandCollet;Captain Howden(NavalOfficer-in-Charge, Fremantle);CommanderKennedy,CommandingOfficer,H.M.A.S."Leeuwin";theConsulsfor UnitedStates,China;CommissionerDoyle,etc.,'etc.

HOWTOHELP.

Allreadersof"TheRecord" arecordiallyinvitedtobecome membersoftheApostleshinof theSea,andtosaythefollowing briefprayersdaily:

"SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyuponallseafarers."

"OurLady,StaroftheSea, prayforus."

"St.Peter,prayforus."

"St.Andrew,prayforus."

Andhelpusinbuildingupthis verynecessarybutlongneglectedcharitableworkinourown Archdiocese.

Thosewhocanafforditare askedtohelpfinanciallyby- (1)Giving£20peryeartoendowabed.Nameofdonor willbeplacedoverthecubicle. (2)Sendorbringdonations,howeversmall.

(3)Formacrewoftwelveof yourfriendsinhonourofthe twelveApostles,andcollectls. neryearfromeach.Thecollectorwillbethecaptain. Cardsandparticularsonapplication.

HOLYFATHER'SFEAST DAY.

SUNDAY,JUNE29,1917.

SolemnHighMasswillbe celebratedinSt.Mary'sCathedralat11o'clock.His GracetheArchbishopwill preside.Peter'sPencecollectionwillbetakenupin allchurchesoftheArchdiocese,

July20: BlessfoundationstoneatConventofSt.JeromeAemilian, NativeMission,Wandering.

July27: ConfirmationandCanonical VisitationatSt.Brigid's Church,MidlandJunction. 9.30a.m.:CelebrateMass, SacredHeartChurch,Mundaring, 3p.m.:ConfirmationatSt. Brigid'sChurch,Midland.

1947PLAINCHANTFESTIVAL, St.Patrick's,Fremantle, Tuesday,August12,at 10.30a.m. SolemnRequieminSt. Mary'sCathedral,Wednesday,August13,at 10.30a.m. HisGracetheArchbishop willpreside.SacredHeart HighSchool,Highgate,will providethescholia.All schoolsmustprepareIntroit.DiesIrae,Sanctus, Benedictus,AgnusDei, CommunionandLiberame. Forexaminationpurposes therestoftheMasswillbe sungtothePsalmtonein thesecondmode.Thedivisionofschoolsforthefestivalwillbeasinformer years.

LEGION OFMARY

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace,

Exposition:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSac4amentwillbeheldintheLegion ofMaryChapeleveryThursday attheaboveaddress.Acordialinvitationisextendedtoall Legionaries,bothactiveandauxiliary,andtotheCatholicpeo- pleingeneral,topayavisitdui, mgtheday.Expositionwill commenceafterHolyMass, whichiscelebratedat7.45a.m., andconcludewithBenedictionat 5.20p.m.

Rosary:

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 p.m.andagainat1.80p.m.Make apracticeofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary.

LuncheonRooms: Theluncheonroomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m.Acupofteaisobtainableatthesmallcostof2d.This serviceisavailabletoall,and businessgirlsareespeciallyinvitedtospendtheirlunchhour inthehappyinvironmentofthe rooms.

THIRDORDEROFST. FRANCIS.

day,ExpositionisheldeveryTues. commencingwithHolyMass celebratedat8a.m.,intheChildrenofMaryChapel,Victoria Square.Acordialinvitationis extendedtoallTertiariesandto theCatholicpeopleingeneral,to assistatthisMassandtopay avisitduringtheday.ExpositionconcludeswithBenediction at5.15p.m.

DISCRIMINATIONS

(ContinuedfromPage5.)

Anoutstandingexampleofthis aspectofhisworkisNo.18, "Ralph'sCart."That'sallthere istoit,acartwithitsshafts pointingtothesky,andacarefullyworkeddownbackground. Yetpeoplekeptwanderingback toexamineitagain,andtryto puzzleoutitsfascination.

No.24,"Pioneer'sHome,Fremantle,"isoneofthebestpic turesintheexhibition.Mr. Bartonputmoredetailintothis picturethananyofhisothers, andalthoughthefirstresultor thisistocloak,toacertainextent,theenthusiasmthattumblesthroughtherestofhiswork, thislivelinessisstillthere,ina moresubtle,and,therefore,more permanentform.

No.17,"Drama,"musthave presentedMr.Bartonwithareal problem. Realisingthathe worksbetterinthelightercolours,henonethelessjumpedinto asombrethunderstorm.The pictureprovidesauniqueexperience,fortheblack,menacing clouds,withtheirmessageofdespondency,whichshouldmake thestudydepressing,areoff-set byaremarkableandquitenaturalclarityintheatmosphere whichseemstosay,"Don'tworry, there'llbeasplashofsunshine intenminutes."

Thetwointerpretationsof Westralia,givenbyMissBrisbaneandMr.Barton,spotlight, asIhavealreadysuggested,the artisticproblemofjusthowfar theartistshouldthrowoffthe influenceofEuropeandwork throughhisownidiom.Ifrank lyadmitthat,rightlyorwrongly,IamstronglybiasedinfavourofapurelyAustralianinterpretation,andconcedethat,what Jconsidertobethefaultsin MissBrisbane'swork,othersregardashercharm.Actually, itwasveryamusingtowatch peoplecomingintotheexhibition andtotrytoguesswhich grouptheywouldjoin.ThemajorityappearedtofavourMr Barton'smorecolourfulandspaciousinterpretationofourcountry.-ROBERTCARDIGAN.

Thankstothe TherrySociety

ThegratitudeoftheBrigidine BuildingFundCommiteeisdue totheTherrySocietyforthe proceedsfromanightofone-act playsgivenintheLeederville TownHallonthenightofJune 20.

Theeveningopenedwitha melodramaburlesque,"TheMysteryofManfredMoon,"inwhich thepartsweretakenbyBeth Morris,DoraBulbeck,Maureen Child,PatRyan,JerryLyons, BillC;onnaughtonandNorne Hebbard.

Thenextplay,"InBlackand White,"wasseriousanddramaticintone.Thecharactersin thisactwereplayedbyPatHalligan,JoseBrennan,BillConnaughton,andKevinGallagher. Abriefinterludeofvocalitems wasnowprovidedbyMissCarmelMoran.

Thefinalcomedy,"Yes, Mother,"wastheoccasionof laughterandapplause,particularlyfromtheyoungermembers oftheaudience.PatNolan, BethMorris,EdnaJermyn,and JackGelleweretheactors, Thecommitteethanksthese artists,andtheorganisers,Mr. andMrs.Bulbeck,fortheireveningofentertainment,whichwas worthyofalargeraudience.

QUARANTORE

JUNE.

Sunday: 5th-COLLIE: FortyHours' Prayer(27th-29th.).

Phone13. Box124.

AustraliaHotel

KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.House. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel

Bathrooms.

RefrigerationThroughout.

OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown.

M.J.DILLON,License*.

"PLAINCHRISTIANITY FOREVERYMAN"

RADIOTALKBYDR. McMAHON.

OnthiscomingSunday, June29th.,over6WN.,at 7,30p.m.,theVeryRev.Dr. J.T.McMahonwillconduct thesessionof"PlainChristianity"inthisState.In theEasternStatesthesessionhasbeenconductedby ArchbishopDuhig,ofBrisbane,andbyMonsignor ErisO'Brien,atSydney. Thesessionlastthreequarterofanhour,andhas recordedmusicsuitableto thesubjectofthetalk.

Dr.McMahon'stalkwas broadcastintheother Statesrecently,andthe CommonwealthDirectorof ReligiousTalksforthe A.B.C.,Mr.KennethT. Henderson,wroteonhearingit:"Thanksforyour finebroadcastto-night.You achievedrealdepth,simplicity,clarity.Therewas rhythmandbeautyinthe whole. Ihopeweshall haveyourhelplaterinthe year."

÷INMEMORIAM44

EDDY.-Inlovingmemoryof ourdearhusbandandfather, Ernest,diedMay22,1926;also dearLila,(liedJune28,1937. Maytheirdearsoulsandall thesoulsofthefaithfuldeparted,throughthemercyof God,restinpeace. -InsertedbyC.Eddy,MarjoryandAlf.

MACKAY.-Inlovingmemoryof ElizabethMackay,SouthPerth, whopassedawayJune28, 1945. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul.

t.TANLEY.-Inlovingmemory ofourdarlingdaughterand sister,GloriaClaire,whofell asleepJune29,1942;age14 months. ShesleepsinGod'sgarden, Inthesunshineofperfect peace; Hershortlifeabeautifulmemory, Herabsenceasilentgrief.

FORSALE.

Anoldestablishedandhighly reputableLegalPractice,within thecityofPerth,isofferedfor purchasetoaqualifiedCatholic legalpractitioner.Thisisreallyanexcellentopportunity,and applicationshouldbemadewithinthecomingweektoMessrs. Dwyer,DurackandDunphy,of 33BarrackStreet,Perth,Solicitorsforthevendors.

SITUATIONWANTED, Tailoress,manyyears'experience,allclassesofsewing;open forengagementasseamstress mid-July;goanywhere.Apply S.A.,thisoffice.

SITUATIONREQUIRED. Employmentrequired,commercialtravellerorshoestore,by manrecentlyarrivedfromBritain.ReplytoJ.K.,thisoffice.

ACCOMMODATION. Marriedcouple,recentlyarrivedfromBritain,requirehouseor rooms,cityorsuburban;good Catholicfamily,ReplytoJ.K., thisoffice.

Canyoupleasehelpyoungcouple,marriednextmonth;must findaccommodation.ApplyJ.L., thisoffice.

SITUATIONSVACANT. FITTERANDTURNER,used toIronandBrass.Goodpositionsuitableman.

GIRLFORWORKROOM,1718years.TolearnVestment Making.Sewingexperiencean advantage,butnotessential.

BOYFORWAREHOUSE. Goodopportunityforadvancement. Applybyletterinallinstances.

Manager PellegriniandCo.Pty.,Ltd., 776HayStreet,Perth.

ScapularEssay Competition

*Inlastyear'sScapularEssay Competition,WestAustralianStateFinalistswere:Intermediatesection:Master PatrickO'Brien,Christian Brothers'College,Perth. JuniorSection:MissHelen Hagan,St.Aloysius'Toodyay(runner-upinGrandFinal.

Detailsofthe1947Scapular EssayCompetitionhavebeenannouncedbyNationalScapular Headquarters,Melbourne.Open toallCatholicpupilsinAustralia andNewZealand,theCompetitionaimstobringintoprominencetheimportantrolethe BrownScapularoftheCarmelitesisdestinedtoplayinthese daysofcrisis.

Inthe13thcenturySt.DominicforetoldofMary:"Oneday, throughtheRosaryandtheScapular,shewillsavetheworld."

Inthe17thcentury,BlessedGrignondeMontfort-tobecanonisedonJuly20next-saidthat "thepowerofMaryoverallthe devilswillespeciallybreakout inthelattertimes."St.Teresa ofAvila,alittleearlier,ina vision"wasgiventounderstand thegreatserviceswhichtheScapularfamilywouldrenderinthe latterdays."

ThelastandmostgloriousapparitionatLourdesin1858occuredontheFeastofOurLady oftheScapularofMountCarmel, July16,and,inthetenselydramaticfinalappearanceofOur LadyatFatimajustthirtyyears ago,shewasgarbedinthebrown andwhitehabitofCarmel,holdingouttoallthepeoplethe BrownScapular. ,NolongercantheScapularbe consideredmerelyasapiousdevotion.ItisnowoneoftheprincipalpointsinOurHeavenly Mother'sprogrammeforthe Church'svictoryoverGod-hating Communismandforworldpeace.

TheScapularisMary'sselfchosenuniformforhercrusading sonsanddaughters;itistheuni formofourcompleteconsecrationtoher;itisthesignofher promiseofeternalsalvationto us;itistheoutwardexpression ofourobediencetoherrequests madeatFatima-requeststhat wemustgrantifwearetoknow inourtime,Peace,Freedom,the routofCommunism(evenin Russiaitself)andtheReignof ChristonEarth.''Ifmyrequests areheard,"saidOurLady,"Russia(theseatofCommunism) willbeconvertedandtherewill bepeace."PopePiusXII,speakingofthesesamerequests,calleduponallCatholicseverywhere toheedthemso"thatOurLady maykeepherFatimapromise beforeitistoolate,"

TheScapularEssayCompetitionwillbringtheimportance andrealsignificanceoftheScapulartothemindsofCatholic youth,and,throughthem,tothe attentionoftheirfamilies.There isnoentrancefeeandtheEssay subjectsaregradedtothatall entrantswillhaveafairchance ofwinningtheattractiveprizes offered.Teachersalsowillshare inthewinningstudents'success bybeingawardedperpetualor LifeMembershipsintheCarmeliteScapularUnion.Entriesclose onAssumptionDay,August15, andresultswillbepublishedin 'hespecialLittleFlowerissueof theofficialmagazine,"TheScapular"(Oct.-Nov.,1947).

Completedetailsofthe1947 Competitionhavebeensentto theSuperiorsofallCatholic schoolsandcolleges.Shouldany Superiorfailtoreceivethisnotification,arequestforre-mailingofitshouldbemadeto NationalScapularHeadquarters.

StudentsofCatholicschools andcollegesshouldenquireabout theCompetitionfromtheSuperior.Catholicstudents,notattendingaCatholicschool,may writefordetailstoNATIONAL SCAPULARHEADQUARTERS, 75WrightSt.,MiddlePark. S.C.6.,Victoria.

H.C.PRIOR FUNERALDIRECTOR ALBANY(EstablishedIfni) PrivateMortuary,MotorVehicles ChargesModerate. Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Dhdrlats.

ChurchMusic Regulations

NEWMASSBYDOMMORENO, 0.S.B.,RECOMMENDED. MissaDecimaSeptima(Mass No.17),byDomMoreno,0.SB., isafineliturgicalMassintwo parts,andissuitablefora schoolorsmallcrurchchoir. Alsotoberecommendedisthe MissaDuodecimaforthreeparts.

FORBIDDENMASSES.

ItistobenotedthatnoMassesbyTurnerareapproved,excepttheMassofS't.Johnthe Baptist.Itisthereforeagainst theDiocesanRegulationstosing theMassesofSt.Cecilia,St. MaryMagdalene,andtheGood Shepherdbythatauthor.

ALBERTE.LYNCH, DiocesanDirectorofSacred Music,

NationalMar THESC

SPECIALISSUENOWONSAL SELLERSPublishedat75WrightStreet,

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

Anexecutivemeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,July2,at 2.30p.m.

Ageneralmeetingwilltake placeonWednesday,July9,at 230p.m.

Thefollowingdonationshave beenreceivedtowardstheDistressedEuropeanPriests'Fund: MissO'Dea,£1;Mrs.Wyndham, 10s.

ITBEGINSNOW.

Yourchanceofwinning£3,000 intheNo.369CharitiesConsultationbeginsfromthemoment youbuyaticket."Charities" aredrawnweekly.

TryHassell's,559WellingtonSt. Alwaysfirstwithgoodsinshort supply.B6307.

ianMagazine APULAR

E-ALLCATHOLICBOOKPRICE6d MiddlePark,S.C.6,Victoria.

THEGRANDSECRETARY,W.IVANKEOGH, (7th.Floor,C.M.L.Buildings), 55ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH. 'PHONE:B7510. OrfromMembersofYourLocalBranch.

Figured

CharlieCarter's

INDEPENDENT

HIGHHONOURFOR

SYDNEYNUN

MotherMaryBernardMartin, ofLewishamHospital,Sydney, hasjustbeenappointedMotherGeneraloftheCongregationof theLittleCompanyofMary, Herelectiontothishighoffice t,,okplaceattheGeneralChapteroftheOrder,attheMother House,CaharyHospital,Rome, onAscensionThursday,May15.

MotherBernardthusbecomes thefirstAustralianeverselected tocontrolagreatinternational OrderofReligious. Herappointmentisnotonlya signalhonourfortheAustralian ProvinceofSt.Joseph,butfor thewholeCatholicChurchinthis younfcountry.

MotherBernardwillbethe fourthMother-Generalofthe Ordersincethedeathofthe MotherFoundress(MotherMary Potter),inRome,April9,1913. AnativeofNewSouthWales, shewasfirstanoviceatLewishamHospital,Sydney,andthen shewasassignedtoLewisham Hospital,Christchurch,NewZealand. WasProvincial.

In1929shewasrecalledto SydneytobecomeProvincialof theAustralasianProvinceofSt. Joseph,whichofficeshehelduntil1935,whenshereceivedher appointmentasMotherSuperior ofLewishamHospital,Sydney.

In1941shewasagaineleected Mother-Provincial,anditwasin thatcapacitythatsheleftfor Romerecently,accompaniedby MotherTheophaneandMother rominica,toattendtheGeneral Chapter.

MotherBernardwillnowcease toheAustralasianProvincialof theOrder,andwill,infuture,resideattheMotherHousein Rome.,Herappointment,itis learned,willbeforsixyears.

FromRomeshewilldirectthe destiniesoftheOrderwhich maintainshospitalsinEngland, Ireland,Scotland,Malta,Italy, theUnitedStatesofAmerica, SouthAmerica,SouthAfrica, andNewZealand.

InAustraliaandNewZealand alonethereareninegreathospi- talsstaffedandcontrolledbythe LittleCompanyofMary.

OriginofOrder.

TheOrderwasfoundedin1877 atNottinghma,England,by MotherMaryPotter.

ThespiritoftheOrderisthe imitationoftheMaternalHeart ofMary.Itsmissionistonurse thesickandthedying.

Fromaninvalid'scouchforthe greaterpartofherlifeasarem gious,MotherMarydirectedthis greatNursingOrder,andfrom hergiftedpencamemanyspir- itualtreasures,notonlyforher ownreligious,butforworld-wide circulation.

QUINTSENTER'TEENS.

TheDionnequintupletsenteredtheirteensonMay28,To celebratetheir13th.birthday theyhadaholidayfromschool. Theyweregivenabirthdaydinnesandparty,atwhichonlythe familyandclosefriendswere, present.Theirfathersaidthe quintshadreceivedmorebirthdaycardsthaneverbefore.They includedcardsfromeverycountryinEurope.

ArchbishopVachon,ofOttawa, blessedagrottobeingbuiltat therearoftheDionnehomeand afterwardsshowedthefamilyhis collectionofMadonnapictures.

THEIRPRESSISGAGGED.

AlawpassedbytheGuatemalanCongressimposesanalmost absolutegovernmentcontrolupon pressandradio. Itstipulatesthat"newspapers andbroadcastingstationsbelongingtoreligiousorganisationsor groups,ortotheirmembersas such,ortoministersofreligion, cannotissuestatementsreferringtopoliticalquestionsnor relatingtolabourorganisations." Withtheexceptionsofthe Governmentorgan,theentire localpresshasbitterlycriticisedthelaw.

PRISONERS'THANKS. Byworkandself-sacrificeover alongperiod,Germanprisoners atRamRam,Morocco,havecollectedover350000francstobe senttotheHolyFatherbytheir chaplaininrecognitionofthe helptheHolySeehasgivento theirdestitutefamiliesinGermany.

HowthePope SpendsHisDay

(ContinuedfromPage6) gendarmeaftergendarmebends hiskneetothegroundandbrings hishandtohisvisorinsalute. Inthegarden,thePopewalksup anddowntheupperavenues, readingabookorasheafof papers,Ifitrains,hewalksin thePasseggiataCoperta(the coveredwalk).

Shortlybefore5,thePopereturnstohisprivateapartment. Hegoesdirectlytothechapel, wherehesaystheRosaryand partoftheBreviary.

"NowForaDay'sWork."

At6o'clocksharpPiusenters hisstudyandanewphaseof greataetiVity.Hestartswith anexaminationoftheecclesiasticalorpoliticalissueswhichhave beenlaidbeforehimbytheCardinalsinthemorning's"Udienze diTabella."Eighto'clockis dinnertime.Themealislighter thanlunch,takeslessthanan hour.AfterdinnerthePope goestohischapelagainfor20 minutesofprayer.

Whenhecomesoutofthe chapel,shortlyafter9,thePope sometimesenjoyssaying:"Now Icansettledowntomyday's work."Usuallyhestudiesagain whatevermatterstheCardinals havesubmittedtohiminthe morning's"UdienzediTabella," thenpreparesanyspeecheshe mayhavetomake.Hejotsdown pencilnoteswhichhelaterex nandsonthetypewriter.When heisforcedtouseink(hedislikesfountainpens),heusesa verythinnib.

Atabout1.30,sometimesas lateas2a.m.,thePoperises fromhisdeskandgoesbackto thechapeltosayeveningprayers.Thelongdayisalmost over.Thepapalbedislarge butveryplain,withablackiron headandbrassknobs.Several ofhispredecessorsusedthebed andPiusXI.diedonit.There, forthenextfourhoursorso, EugenioPacelli,PopePiusXII., sleepsuntilthebeginningofa newday.

WITHOUTAPOLOGY

(ContinuedfromPage7) whomholinesshadnotstifled humour,butratherenrichedit. ItisequallyimportanttorememberthatStFrancisofAssisihadapetcockatooaswellas ahair-shirt.

REACHINGFORTHESTARS.

Great,impenetrableshadows loweroverourcivilisation;in manythespiritualwellsare dry;cynicismanddespairare difficulttoavoid.Butinthe midstofallthischaoticmaterialismtheCatholicChurchstill givestotheworldmenand womenofheroicvein,inlove withGod.Itisperhapsthe mosthearteningthinginthe worldtorealisethatyourdustmanmaybeinlineforcanonisation.Menhavesunklowindeed,butthatisonlyonefacet ofthescene.Forviceisvery obviousandvirtueisverysubtle.WeCatholicsknowthat manyarereachingforthestars, andthatnoteverySainthas beensoproclaimedinSt.Peter's. LetusthankGodthatHisWill stilltriumphsinthelivesofmen, andletustakeheartfromthe victoriesoftheSaintsoverthe world,thefleshandthedevil.

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE.

FREMANTLE-L1582.

HOTELBEACONSFIELD

FREMANTLE OverlookingtheOcean. SuperiorAccommodation M.BYRNE(LateofGrandand ShamrockHotels,Boulder.) ModeratoCharge&

RodBeaton's Hannan'sHotel

HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

*AroundtheWorld

CARDINAL URGES TEACHERSTO JOINY.C.W.

HITLERORDEREDVATICAN INVASION

"IWillApologiseAfterwards."

Hitleratonetimeorderedhis paratroopstoinvadetheVaticanandhauloutdiplomaticofficialswhomhesuspectedofshelteringthere,accordingtoNazi documentsreleasedbytheU.S. ArmyandquotedbytheAmericanforcesradionetworkinGermany.

Thedocuments,whichrecord meetingsofHitlerandhisstaff, quotehimassayingthattheVaticanheldnoterrorsforhim. Hewouldordertheinvasionand apologiselater,hesaid.

ANOTHERGOOD THIEF!

Awaitingdeathforwarcrimes, Capt.Ota,formercommandant oftheprisoner-of-warcampat Macassar,DutchEastIndies,has becomeaCatholic.

VaticanRadio,quotinga Dutcharmychaplain,saidthat Capt.Otawasunderastrong militaryguardatthereception ceremony.

ImmediatelyafterhisreceptionheheardMassandmadehis firstHolyCommunion.

ThechaplainmetCapt.Ota fourmonthsagoinprison.

VaticanRadiodescribedhim as"anotherGoodThief."

* TOMASSBY TAXI

ParishionersLivingNear ChurchPay.

IsolatedCatholicsinthecountryparishofTarporley,Cheshire,arenowabletogettoMass -bytaxi.

WithCatholicfamiliesliving milesfromthechurchandwell offanybusroute,itwasdecidedthatsomethingmustbedone. Intheabsenceofcar-owning parishionersabletotakeon transportduties,itwassuggestedthatlocaltaxifirmsbeconsulted.

Now,throughtheco-operation ofthreenon-Catholictaxi-driversfromdifferentvillages,16 Catholics,includingchildren,are abletohearMassatleastfortnightly.

Expensesarebornebycertain parishionersingratitudeforthe blessingoflivingnearthe church,which,openedin1914, wasformerlyacafe.

* DEPORTED PRIESTSOPEN PARISHESIN POLAND

TheinfluxofpriestsfomEasternPolandtotheOder-Neisse area-formerGerman-territory annexedbyPoland-hasadded 110newparishestothe192alreadyexistinginWesternPomerania.Thenewparishesare staffedby394priests.

OtherpartsofthenewPolish territoryarcstillshortofclergy. LowerSilesia,with525parishes, hasonly270priests.

* FAMILY RECORD?

Allthe390peoplewhoattendedaMassrecentlyintheSacredHeartChapelofRheimsCathedralbelongtotheRenartManceauxfamily. Altogetherthefamilynumbers580.Mostofthemlivein theRheimsdistrict. Therearesixpriestsand sevennunsinthefamily.One ofthepriestscelebratedthe Massandanotherpreached.

Thefamilyisgrowingfast. Therewere33deathslastyew% but164births.

CardinalGriffinurgedthestudentsofSt.Mary'sCollege, StrawberryHill,tojointhe theYoungChristianWorkers, whenhepaidhisfirstvisittotne collegesincehiselevationtothe SacredCollegeforthecelebrationsofthetranslationofthe relicsofSt.VincentdePaul.

HisEminencespokeofthe nef'dforCatholicteachersto takeagreaterpartinthenation'slife.

"Withtheirclearanddefinite standardsofbeliefandconduct, theywillwinrespectandasympathetichearinginmostcouncils andcommittees."

HisEminencepointedoutthat theworldto-dayneedsmenof principleattheheadofnational andlocalaffairs."Themen withenergyhavenoprinciples andthemenofprincipleshave noenergy,"hesaid.

Beforeaddressingthestudents, CardinalGriffinpresidedat HighMassinthecollegechapel, duringwhichFatherDominic Devas.0.F.MpreachedonSt. Vincent. *

* RUSSIATRAINED CHINESEREDS

Forty-fourpercent.ofthe leadingChineseCommunists havespentsometimeinSoviet Russia,reportstheRev.Father PatrickO'Connor,S.S.C.,specialcorrespondentfortheN.C.W.C.NewsService.

AccordingtobiographicalinformationfromCommunistsourcesconcerning36ofthe40-odd membersoftheCommunist Party'scentralcommittee,16of thesekeymenhavebeeninRussiaforperiodsvaryingfrom monthstoyears.

Ofthefive-mansecretariat, whichformsasortofCommunistCabinet,two,GeneralChou EnlaiandJenPi-shih,havebeen inRussia.

NeitherMaoTze-tong,the partychairman,norGeneral Chu-teh,theRedCommander-inchief,hasvisitedRussia.

Chu-tehworkedwithEuropean CommunistsinGermany.

Hischiefofstaff,GeneralYeh Chien-ying,whowastheCorn munistrepresentativeinthe PeipingExecutiveHeadquarters ofGeneralMarshall'smediation committee,spentthreeyearsin Moscow.

FRENCHWORKERS'MOVEMENT EXTENDSSCOPE

AimstoIncludeAllChristians.

Toencouragetherecruitment ofnon-Catholics,theFrench ConfederationofChristianWorkers-whichhasnearly1,000,000 membersandisthesecondlargestofFrance'stradeunion groups-eliminatingfromits statutesallspecificreferencesto theCatholicreligionandreplacingthembyarticlesemploying theword"Christian."

Onearticlecommittingthe Confederationtobaseitsactions onthesocialdoctrinedefinedin theEncyclical."RerumNovparum,"hasbeenalteredtoread: "TheConfederationassociatesitselfwithandisinspiredinits actionsbytheprinciplesofChristianmorality."

CARDINALFAULHABER.

STARVATIONIN GERMANY

CardinalFaulhaber,ArchbishopofMunich,answeringcritics whodo'notbelievestatements aboutthesufferingofGerman children,saysthatmanyofthe childrenwhocometoreceive Confirmationathishands"bear theverystampofdeath."

HisEminenceseesthesame thingalmosteverydaywhenhe isconfirmingbetween400and 500children.Oneveryoccasion,hesays."itstrikesmedeeplytonoticeinthefacesofso manychildrentheunder-nourishmentandthesignsoftuberculosispallor."

DuringthepastyearCardinal Faulhaber,whoisover70,confirmed14,798childreninWestern Germany.

EDUCATIONIN IRELAND

TheI.N.T.O."PlanforEducation"hasgivenrisetocomment abouttheunsatisfactorystateof Irisheducation.The"RoscommonHerald"dealswiththe overloadingofthecurriculum:

Thatallisnotwellinthematterofprimaryeducationisa long-standingcomplaint.Itis allegedinregardtothecurriculumthatitissooverloadedwith amultiplicityofsubjects,most ofwhichmightverywellbe postponed,ifneededatall,until thechildhasacquiredathoroughgroundinginthefundamentals-thethreeR's-that theyoungmindiscrushedand dulledintheprocessofattemptedassimilation,justasphysical overworkwouldcrushitsbody, sothatthepupildevelopsinto adunceandleavesoff,atthe ageof14,asemi-illiterate.

Wliletherearemanyfinemodernschoolbuildingsthroughout thecountryandgoodheadway inthisprovisionwasbeingmade beforehewar,therearemany othersinruralareasthatarea disgraceanddangeroustothe healthofthechildrencompelled bylawtocongregateinthem. Attentiontotheseeyesoreshas beencalledagainandagainby theteachers'organisationand theCo-MedicalOfficersofHealth intheirannualreports.The provisionofproperschoolbuildingsinthesecases,withadequaterecreationgroundsshould nowbecomeapriorityundertaking, TheI.NT.O."PlanforEducation"advocatesanumberofreformsinthesystemwhich,itis contended,"musttakeplace't wearetosurviveasanationwith adistinctculture."Onewoula beinclinedtoputit,"orwith anycultureatall."

PRIESTHEROOF TEXASDISASTER

Morethan35priestsfrom placesinEastTexasrushedto thestrickencitytoadminister thelastritesoftheChurch.

FatherRoachdisregardedthe warningsofthewatchmenafter thefirstblast,andwentintothe dangerareainsearchofthe wounded.Hewascaughtinthe secondexplosionandwasrushed toahospitalinGalveston,where hereceivedtheLastSacraments anddiedwithin20minutes.

Alldayandnightpriestsfrom thesurroundingdistrictsandSistersfromtheNegrohospitaland Mexicanclinicsinthecitywere ondutyamongtheinjuredand dying.Nearly40priestsworkedinthehospitalsorinthedangerareauntilallthewounded hadbeenattendedto.

.10-WORDSERMON

ForthePriest-HeroofTexas. AsermonpreachedbyBishop Byrne,ofGalceston.Texas.at thePontificalRequiemMass thereforFatherWilliamRoach, killedintheTexasCityexplo sons,totalledbut40words.

Thisisthetext:

"TheLordgivethandthe Lordtakethaway.Noonesave theLordshouldspeakto-day, fortheLordbathsaiditall. 'Greaterlovethanthisnoman bath,thathelaydownhislife forhisfellowmen'"

FatherRoachwaskilledashe foughttogivethelastSacramentstothedying.

Policeandfirementriedtopersuadehimnottoriskhislife.

OnlyMedalLeft.

Hiscassockandotherclothing wereblowncompletelyoff.Only amiraculousmedalremained aroundhisneck.

Whileaseminarystudentin Arkansaswithhistwinbrother -nowdirectorofcharitiesin theGalvestondiocese-Father RoachwrotetoBishopByrne offeringhisservicestotheTexas diocese.Laterthetwinsdrove inadilapidatedcaralltheway toGalveston.

DACHAUPRIEST NAMED DOMESTIC PRELATE

FatherFriedrichpfanzeld,of Dachau,Germany,hasbeennamedaDomesticPrelatebythe HolyFather,inrecognitionof theservicesherenderedtothe inmatesoftheconcentration camplocatednearthattown, undertheNaziregime.Even thoughhewasstrictlyforbiddenfromevengoingnearthe camp,FatherPfanzeldsucceededinestablishingclosecontacts beyondthebarbed wires.

ThetwotopCommunistsin Manchuria,GeneralLinPiao, militarycommander,andLiLisan,politicalchief,havebeenin Moscow,theformerforthree years,thelatterfor15.

ThegreatmajorityofprominentChineseRedswerewon overtoCommunismasstudents. Fourofthefivemembersofthe secretariat,includingChairman Mao,wenttoCommunismvia studentmovements.Thetwo RedleadersinManchuriaalso adoptedCommunismintheirstudentdays. Addtoparheaded"40WordSer mon."

liffaMMAr

TheConfederation'ssecretary, M.GastonTessier,states:"We wantedtoavoidanyconfusionof ourmovement,whichhasanexclusivelytemporalgoal,with themovementsofCatholicAction,whichdealwiththespiritualdomain.WhileourConfederationincludesagreatmajorityofCatholics,italsounites Protestants,Jews,Mohammedansandatheists.Ourmission istoacceptinourranksallpersonswhoareguidedbyChristianmorality,Catholicornot."

FORNEWERGROCERIES

F13

Informalchildhood snapshotsareajoy throughouttheyears -forsimpler,easier, surersnapshotsof yourkiddies,load withKODAKFilmyoupressthebutton. andITdoestherest.

"KODAK-

YCW

ACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St George'sTerrace,Perth.

'Phone:B2546.

HEADQUARTERS.

-Attentionofallmembersis drawntotheY.C.W.Retreaton July26and27,attheRedemptoristMonastery,NorthPerth. Asalargeattendanceisexpected,intendingretreatantsare askedtohandtheirnamestothe branchsecretarysothathein turncanadviseheadquartersat anearlydate.

BRANCHNOTES.

HIGHGATE:

Wewouldliketoremindany memberwhomayhaveforgotten oftheDialogueMassonSunday, 29th.,andthecombinedY.C.W.N.C.G.M.RallyaftereveningDevotions.

ConcertRehearsal.

AfullrehearsaloftheconcertwillbeheldonTuesday, July1,at8.30p.m.,inpreparationforthebignightonThursday,July3.Admissiontothe concertwillbe2s.

NEDLANDS:

Allleadersareaskedtoattend themeetingonSunday,June29, afterDevotions,asimportant branchmattersaretobediscussed.

Thenextgeneralmeetingwill beheldonWednesday,July2, andallmembersareurgedtoattend.

CATHEDRAL:

Asourgeneralmeetingap. pearstobelosingitsattraction, theleadershavedecidedonmany 'changes.Withthisendinview allmembersarerequestedtoattendthenextmeetingonMonday,July1,andvoicetheir opinions. Social.

Sincethelengthoftimewe canusetheCathedralHallisuncertain,wehavedecidedtocancelallsocialactivitiesrather thanpostponethemoiltheeve ofafunction.

CLAREMONT:

Thedateforthevisitofthe Nedlandsbranchhasbeenfixed forFriday,July4. Plansarebeingmadeforthe formationofaregionalcommitteetorepresentCottesloe,ShentonPark,Nedlands,andClare-

montBranches.Ameetinghas beenarrangedforJune30.

Personal.

Thebranchmemberswishalt thebestforthefuturehappiness ofMr.andMrs.R.Barker,who weremarriedonJune21.The bridewasformerlyMissPam Mayhew.Thebestmanwasthe brotherofthegroom,JohnBar, ker,oneofourleaders.whilst thebride'ssister.Marie,actedas bridesmaid.

SUBIACO:

OurusualSaturdaydancehas beenpostponed,asthesocialcommitteeishelpingwiththeParishBallonFriday,July4.Ticketsforthiseventareavailable at7s6dsingleand12s6ddouble. Personal.

N.McGeehasbeenappointed amemberofthesocialcommittee.

COTTESLOE:

ArchbishopsVisit.

TheblessingofY.C.W.banners andbadgesistotakeplacein theparishchurchat7.30p.m.on July6.Allmembersareurged toattendandbringwiththem someoftheparishionersonthis occasion.Followingthis,there willbeashortsocialforas manyasareabletoattend. Regions. SeeClaremontnotes. Social.

Gymnasiumhasbeenstarted andwillbeconductedeverySun(laynight.Thebadmintonteams haveimprovedbeyondallexpectations.

LEEDERVILLE:

Picnic.

DestinationisYanchep,on June29.Ticketsare3s.each, andareobtainablefromTerry Daly.

FreshMilkDaily

OurSocieties

GeneralMeeting.

ThenextmeetingisonMonday,July7,andgameswillcomprisetheactivitiesfornext Mondayevening. Rally. SeeN.C.G.M.notes. Rehearsal. Noboysarerequiredforre healsalonSundayevening,June 29.

SPORTING.

TableTennis:

ClaremontY.C.W.showeda pleasingreversalofformbydefeatingW.A.TrusteesonWednesday,18th.JimDuxbury(injuredshoulder)wasreplacedby PeterO'Sullivan. Finalscores:ClaremontY.C.W., 10sets22games;W.A.Trustees,2sets5games.

Basketball:

HighgateY.C.W.,whohave beenplayingexcellentlyoverthe

COMMONTOBOTH MOVEMENTS

SOCIALCALENDAR.

JUNE-

Sunday,29th.:Picnic,Yanchep. LeedervilleBranch. JULYThursday3rd.:Concert.Highgate.

Friday,4th.:Dance.Highgate. Friday,4th.:ParishBall,Subiaco,atLeedervilleTown Hall.

Saturday,5th.:CarnivalDance, Nedlands. Saturday,5th.:Dance.South Perth. Seebranchnotesforfurther particulars,

pastfewweeks,soundlydefeated"Apes,"leadersofthecompetition,inaneventfulgame. Thefirsttenminutesofplay sawApescontinuallyattacking, withtheHighgatebackmen graduallyforcingthemback.ImmediatelyafterApescalledfor heirfirstsubstitute,theHighgateteamreallystruckform andfromthenonthegamewas neverindoubt.Finalscores: HighgateY.C.W.,72;Apes,35.

Football: WiththeY.C.W.footballcompetitionnowinfullswing,all branchesarelookingforwardto abumperseason.Twosetsof gameshavebeenplayed,and orlytwoteams,Highgateand ShentonPark,remainundefeated. ResultsoflastSunday'ssetof matches:

Highgate.14.21,defeatedSubiaco,6.12. MidlandJunction,7.18,defeat. edVictoriaPark,3.12. ShentonPark,15,18,defeated Claremont,3.4. LeedervillewonfromFremantleonaforfeit. Wes'Perth,bye.

MaininterestofSunday's gamewascentredontheSubiaco-Highgatematch,andthough thescoreswereone-sided,the largecrowdofspectatorswere treatedtoanexcellenthard game.ForthevictorsHogan, Cogan,Wilkinson,andDavidson wereou'standing,whilsttheSubiacoplayersinK.Duffy(until hurt),F.Bell,B.Jones,B.Hegney,andF.Hughes,didmore thantheirshare.

TheShentonPark-Cathedral matchwasalsoplayedbeforea largecrowd,andshowedthewinnerstaking'absolutecontrolof thegamefromthefirstbounce. Cathedralwereunfortunatein beingabletofieldonly17men, hutwithSalt,Foster,O'ConnorandHoyneplayingwell, SheritonParkhadtofightfor everypoint.Forthevictors theoutstandingplayerswere McTaggart,Gampie,Hiltz,Buck, T.O'Brien,andtheRobinson brothers.

AtMidlandJunctionthelocal teamhadafewtoomanyguns fortheVictoriaParkteamand ranouteasyvictors.Theback linesofbothteamswereplaying hard,ruggedfootball,andmade itveryhardfortheopposing teamstoscore.

FixturesforSunday,July6: Cathedralv.Highgate,atCathedral.

WestPerthv.ShentonPark, atWestPerth.

VictoriaParkv.Leederville, atVictoriaPark.

Fremantlev.Subiaco,atFremantle.

MidlandJunction.bye.

21.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

HEADQUARTERS.

MeetingstobeheldatHeadquarters:

MarianLodgeCommittee:June 27andJuly11,at6.30p.m.

ExecutiveMeeting:June30,at 8p.m. CouncilMeeting:Monday, July7,at8p.m. BRANCHNOTES.

SUBIACO:

ChoirPractice. Pleasenotethatthenext choirpracticewillbeonTues. day,July8,andnotonTuesday, July1,aswasdecidedatthe generalmeeting.

GeneralRally.

Don'tforgettheY.C.W.-N.C.G.M.RallyonMonday,July7,at 8p.m.

NEDLANDS:

GeneralMeeting. nextgeneralmeeting.HighquiryandFolkDancing. Dance. Ournext(lancewillbeatSt. Theresa'sHall,Tyrell-street,and willbeacarnival.

LEEDERVILLE: Rally. June14willbetheoccasion ofourmonthlyN.C.G.M-YCW. Rally,intheHall.AllmembersofbothMovementsinthe parishareinvitedtoattend. Nextgeneralmeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,July9. ThepicnictoYanchepwillbe heldonSunday,June29.TicketsobtainablefromIsobelBoylan. Rehearsal.

OnSundayevening,June29, everygirlintheMovementis askedtoattend,whethershe mayhaveattendedanotherrehearsalornot.

BASKETBALL.

Results,Saturday,June21:

Firsts:

FremantleI.d,WestPerth,14 17. CathedralI.d.HighgateI.,268. NedlandsI.d.MidlandI.,24-18 SubiacoI.d.MaylandsI.,2217. LeedervilleI,,bye.

Seconds:

CathedralIII.d.HighgateII., 25-7. HighgateIII.d.MaylandsII., 25-7. WestPerthII.drewwithFremantleII.,2-all. CathedralII.,bye. SubiacoII.,bye.

Fixtures,July5,1947:

Firsts: NedlandsI.vFremantleI,3.30 p.m.,atNedlands.M.Collopy. HighgateI.v.WestPerthI., 3.30p.m.,atNedlands.J.Sutton. LeedervilleI.vMidlandI.,2 p.m.,atHighgate.J.Negus. SubiacoIv.CathedralI.,2 p.m.,atHighgate.N,Gamble.

MaylandsI.,bye.

Seconds: HighgateII.v.WestPerth II.,2p.m.,atNedlands.J.Sutton. CathedralII.v.MaylandsII., 3.30p.m.,atHighgate.B.Ryan

FremantleII.v,Highgate ?.30p.m.,atHighgateH.Asquith. CathedralILLv.SubiacoII., 2p.m.,atNedlands,P.Hayes. Branchesarerequestedto watch"TheRecord"foralterationtofixtures.TheSistersat theLoretoConventhaveadvised thatthecourtwillmostprobably beunderrepairverysoonand thatwecanresumeplaywhen thebitumencourtsarefinished. OnSunday,June22,thepracticalexaminationofumpireswas heldatSt.Patrick'sBoys School.Sixumpirespassed. Thetheoryexaminationwasheld onMonday,23rd.,andtheresultswillbepublishedlater.We wishtothanktheBrothersat St.Patrick'sSchoolforallowing ustousethecourtsooftenand fortheirassistanceinhaving thecourtmarkedforSunday last

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville. Themeetingheldon18th. inst.,waspresidedoverbythe newpresident,Bro.K.Ryan,and waswellattended.Thesecretaryreportedthatthecontractors hadcompletedtheworkofresurfacingNos.1,2and3tennis courts,andtheworkseemedto havebeensatisfactorilycarried out.LettersfromtheW.A.C.L.T.A.dealtwithseveralmatters,includingtheAustralian CatholicTennisCarnivaltobe heldatSydneyattheendofthis year,andgivingpreliminarydetailsofthearrangements.Those membersintendingtoparticipate musthandtheirnamesintothe secretarynotlaterthanJuly21. Thebusinessofthemeetingwas quicklydisposedoftomakeway fortheannualbadmintontournamentconductedbytheMetropolitanSocialCouncil.Thematchesplayedweremostinterestingandattimesexcitingand closelycontested.ThetournamentwillbecontinuedatSt. Joseuh'sHall,Subiaco,onJuly3. AfterthenextmeetingonJuly 2,theNo.1tabletennisand quoitsteamwillplaySt.Anthony'sbranch.

DistrictBoardVisitsto13ranches.

TheDistrictBoardwillmake thefollowingvisitsduringJuly: St.Brigid'sBranch,West Perth:Monday,July7. St.Anthony'sBranch,Midland Junction:Wednesday.July16.

St.Canice'sBranch,Cottesloe: Wednesday,July23.

Thebranchesconcernedare askedtoensurethatagoodattendanceofmembersisarranged fortheabovedates. DriveforNewMembers. TheendofJunemarkstheterminationofthedrivefornew members,whichcommencedin Januarylast.Inordertoensureitssuccessmembersmust stillkeepontryingtobringtheir friendsintothesociety.They coulddothisbystatingitsaims andobjectsandthentalking aboutthesocietytotheirfriends.

RACINGSELECTIONS

By"TheHawk."

W..A.T.C.'

Saturday,June28,1947, ClacklineHandicap:GayCourt, 1;SandsofDee,2;ColePorter, 3. WerribeeHandicap:Culture,1; Olymba,2;BrightSyce,3. ParkervillePurse(1):Braal, 1;Gratuity,2;RoseMorn,3. ParkervillePurse(2):Desert Singer,1;Yandie,2;Bondon,3. SpringHillHandicap:Mion, 1;TonyMasin,2;Reynaud,3. StonevilleWelter(2):Brown Morn,1;Pannier,2;Golden Earl,3. StonevilleWelter(1):Taminick,1;BobbyBreen,2;Beauperian,3.

TROTTING.

Breeders'Handicap:Johnny Pedlar,1;Dungle,2;Earl'sBest, 3. WaginHandicap:PegMay. ista,1;Rob.Donald,2;Speedy Sheik,3. HarveyHandicap:Merrimba, 1;Strettanex,2;MemphisBelle, 3. South-WestHandicap:Superman,1;StormyMorn,2;Kato,3. DistrictCouncil'sCup:Nan's Marvel,1;Corsair,2;Child Wirra,3.

GreatSouthernHandicap: GlenRaid,1;BonnieWillow,2; GentleLady,3.

ParallelUndercoverSystemsUsedbyRedsinCanada

Theactivityandunder-coversystemofespionagecarriedon inCanadabytheRussiansecretpolice,N.K.V.D.,ishere revealedinthecontinuationofthetextoftheCanadan RoyalCommission'sReport,June27,1946,dealingwith "ParallelUnder-CoverSystems." (Section11.2.)The firstinstalmentofthereportwaspublishedinlastweek's issue.

Itseems,however,thatseveral parallelundercoversystems,or networks,existedinCanadaunderthedirectionofmembersof theSovietEmbassy,butindependentanddistinctfromZabotin's(RedArmyIntelligence) organisation;andthattheseparallelsystems,hadandmaystill have,theirownundercover agentsoperatinginCanada.

Thismethodofmaintaining severaldistinctnetworkshasobviousadvantagesfromasecurity pointofviewforthoseoperating them,asnooneperson,even amongthedirectingSovietpersonnel,wouldknowthenamesof theCanadiansactingasagents inmorethanoneofthenetworks.Correspondingly,investigationbytheCanadianauthoritiesisrenderedmoredifficult.

Gouzenkotoldus:

" They(theSovietGovernment')weretryingtoestablishafifthcolumninCanada. Whattranspiredisonlyamodest orsmallpartofallthatisreally here.Youmayhavediscovered 15menbutitstillleavesinCanadethisdangeroussituation,becausethereareothersocieties andotherpeopleworkingunder everyEmbassy,undereveryConsulineachplacewherethere isaConsulate.Itisjustlike anumberofsmallcircles.There areparallelsystemsofspiesor potentialagents. Thelast telegramaskedaboutthemobilisationofresourcesinCanada. Theywantedtoknoweverything possibleabouteverythingconcernedinCanada.TheywantedtoknowthenaturalresourcesthatCanadacouldmobilisein caseofwar,hercoal,oil,rare metalsandsoon."

FIVE-MANCOMMITTEE.

Gouzenkotestifiedthatthere wasafive-mancommitteein MoscowwhichpassesonSoviet officialswhoarebeingsentto foreigncountries.Thiscommitteeconsistsofrepresentatives oftheN.K.V.DtheMilitaryIntelligence,theNavalService, theCommercialService,andthe DiplomaticService.Gouzenko said:

" andeachofthemsend theirownmenandtheytryto putonmoreoftheirownmen: Intelligencetriedtoputmoreof theirownmen;CommercialServicetriestoputmorethanthe Diplomatic,andsoonwithother representatives."

WehaveendeavouredtoobtainfromGouzenkoalltheinformationhecouldgiveusabout the'variouscircles"or"parallel systems."Hehasexpressed theopinionthattherecordshe placedbeforeusgivethenames orundercovernamesofallthe PersonsinZabotin'sorganisation. Thisistheoneorganisationwith whichheispersonallyfamiliar. Butfromtheworkhewasdoingandwhathesawandheard inthecourseofhisworkhewas abletogiveuscertainotherinformation,andatourrequesthe alsotolduswhathededuced fromthesefactsinthelightof hisowntraininginSovietmethods.

THEPARALLELMILITARY SYSTEM.

Gouzenkosaid:"Then,accordingtoconversationsbetweenSokolovandZabotin,Ithinkthey suspectedthatthereexisteda parallelmilitaryintelligencesystem,paralleltoZabotin's.The samethingwastrueintheUnitedStates,accordingtoatelegramIsaw.Thechiefofthe TechnicalBureauisheadofone Parallelsystem;militaryintelligencehasanothersystem."

Thissystemwasapparently alsodirectedbytheRedArmy IntelligenceHeadquartersin Moscow,butnotthroughCol. Zabotin.Gouzenkotestifiedthat itwasonly,asitwere,byaccidentthatZabotinlearnedofits existenceinCanada,although Zabotinandhisimmediatecolleagueshadalwaysbeenquite awareoftheexistenceofsome oftheotherparallelnetworks operatinginCanada,including thatoftheN.K.V.D.directedby Pavlov(aSecondSecretaryof theSovietEmbassyinOttawa).

findwithreferencetoanagent:

"Ithinkitbettertogetridof him,ortogivehimtothe Neighbour."

Thenfollowedanexchangeof telegramsbetweenZabotinand theDirectorinMoscow,from whichZabotinunderstoodthat therewasinoperationinCan. adeaparallelnetworktohis own,butwhich,likehisown, wasdirectedbytheMilitaryIntelligenceHearquartersinMoscow. Therehadbeenseveralpreviousinstancesoffrictionbetweentheparallelsystemsand particularlybetweenPavlov's networkandCol.Zabotin's.

Gouzenkosaidthatsuchcases offriction-oftenarisingthrough effortsto"develop"thesame agent-werenotuncommonin othercountriesalso,ashehad learnedduringhisyearatRed ArmyIntelligenceHeadquartersinMoscow.

Oneresultoftheirritation evidencedbyZabotintowards Pavlov,inhistelegramonthe incidentoutlinedabove,wasthe receiptofsimultaneousinstructionsbyZabotinandPavlov fromMilitaryIntelligenceHeadquartersandN.K.V.D.Headquar-

TothistelegramtheDirector repliedthatitwouldbepreferabletowait,asthisagent mightprovetobeusefulto Zabotin'snetwork.Butlater Zabotinwasinstructedtodiscuss thequestionoftransferwiththe Neighbours.

InthisworkinOttawaZabotin wasusingbothSamCarrand FredRoseforhis"military"espionagenetwork.Pavlovsought toapproachSamCarrforhis N.K.V.D.network,butMoscow said:"Don'ttouchSamCarr."

WhenMoscowaskedZabotin ifheknewacertain"Norman" heansweredthathedidnot. ThenMotinovandZabotin thoughttheyhadidentifiedhim; theyaskedPavlovabouttheman theyhadinmind,andPavlov said:"Don'ttouchNorman,we workwithhim."Zabotinthen telegraphedMoscow:"TheNormanaboutwhomyouaskwe thinkisNormanFreed,and 'Neighbours'arebusywithhim." Moscowdidnotanswerthistelegram.

UNKNOWNAGENTS.

WhileGouzenko'sevidenceand thedocumentsestablishtheex istenceoftheN.K.V.D.organi- sationinCanada,wehavebeen unabletoascertaintheextentof itsinfiltrationandtheidentity

thisexpression,Neighbour.I workedt'$ereaboutayearand fromthetelegramsIsawand fromconversationsIunderstood thatthatwasthecovername foranothersystem,aparallel system,anindepedentsystem. TheN.K.V.D.systemisunder theMinisterofInternalAffairs thereisnoCommissarnow. Thissystemexistsasaparallel. WhenIarrivedinCanada,some dayslater,Iunderstoodthat PavlovistheheadofN.K.V.D., theSecondSecretary;heisthe headoftheN.K.V.D.

Q.:WasthereanyN.K.V.D. organisationinCanadapriorto thefirstRussianMinistercdminghere?

A.:roomthecorrespondence whichIread,Iunderstandthere was.

Q,:Fromthetelegramswhich passedbackandforth?

A.:Andthedocuments.

Q.:Youcouldseethatthere wasanN.K.V,D.system?

A.:Yes.

Q.:IfColonelZabotindecided touseanagenthewouldreport onthatagenttotheDirectorat Moscow,wouldhenot?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:Hewouldsendphotographs andbiographicaldetailsandthat kindofthing?

A.:Hecanusehimonlywith thepermissionofMoscow.

Q.:WhentheDirectoratMoscowgotthatinformationheevi-

TheSoviethadsetupaFifthColumnin. Canada.Whatmighthavetranspiredhad notGouzenko,thecypherclerk,revealed thewidespreadconspiracyisamatterof absorbingspeculatio

ters,respectively,thatalldisputesmustbesettled,andthat thereshouldbenomorequarrellingbetweenthevarioussystemsoperatinginCanada.

Therecanbelittledoubtthat theN.K.V.D.,previouslycalled the0-G.P.U.,andwhichisthe secretpoliticalpoliceoftheSovietUnion,haveapowerfulorganisationinCanada.Inthe documentsexchangedbetween ZabotinandtheDirectorofthe MilitaryIntelligenceServicein Moscow,whichhavebeenproducedbeforeus,theN.K.V.ID.is mentionedbyitscover-name,the Neighbour.

InatelegramsentbyColonel Zabotin,whosecover-namewas Grant,toMoscowonAugust9, 1945,ColonelZabotinexpresses fearsastotheadvisabilityof employingoneNormanVeallas anagenttoworkforhim.He says: " Thepossibilityisnotexcludedthathemayhavealready tiedupwiththeNeighbour. Iconsideritnecessarytowarn theNeighbour."

Onthe22nd.ofthesame monththeDirectorreplied:

"ToGrant:

"1.Your243.

"WehaveherenocompromisingdataagainstVeall,neverthelessthefactthathehasinhis handsaletterofrecommendationfromacorportantwhowas arrestedinEngland(whichhe didnottakecaretodestroy) compelsustorefusetohaveany contactwithhimwhatsoever, themoresothatmanyalready callhima'Red.'

"TotheNeighbourhemust surelybeknown;ifnot,inform himofthebreakinmyinstructions. 'WarnAlekthatheshould havenoconversationswhatever withhimaboutourwork."

Corporantisthecover-name usedtorefertoamemberofany CommunistPartyoutsidetheSovietUnion.AlekisProfessor May.

FREDROSE.

Onanotherexhibitwefindthe followingnote:"Fred-directorofCorporation.Previouslyworkedatthe Neighbours,upto1924."

FredisFredRose.TheCorporationisacover-nameusedto refertoanyCommunistParty outsidetheSovietUnion.

Inanothertelegramsentby ColonelZabotintoMoscowwe

ofitsCanadianorotheragents. Wehave,however,sufficientevidencetoshowthattheN.K.V.D systemisparallelto,butentirelyindependentofandquitedistinctfromthemilitaryespionagenetwork.Gouzenkostated inhisevidencethattheN.K.V.D. networkwasmoreextensivethan thatofColonelZabotin;thatit hadbeenoperatingmuchlonger inCanada,andthatithadseveralagentsamongmembersof thestaffoftheSovietEmbassy inOttawa,andwasheadedby Pavlov.

GouzenkowasaskedtoexplainwhatthenameN.K.V.D. standsfor,

Q.:WhatistheN.K.V.D.?

A:ThatistheDepartmentof InternalAffairs;previousitwas calledtheOG.P.U.,butnowit istheN.K.V.D.

Q.:IsittheDepartmentofInternalAffairsorabranch?

A.:No,itisalltheDepartmentofInternalAffairs.Their businessisineveryoffice,in everyplant,ineveryregiment oftheRedArmy,ineverycivilianschool.TherepresentativesoftheN.K.V,D.havewhat theycallasecretcabinet.

Q.:Isitasecretpolice?

A.:Yes,itisapolice.

A.:Eachinstitution,school, plant,industrialplant,theRed Armyandevenbranchesofthe government,allhaveanofficial representativeoftheN.K.VD intheorganisation. Hehas aspecialroomsetapart,asecret room,wherehedoeshisbusiness. Andthenhehashisselectagents movingaroundamongstthe workers,amongstthestudents, thescholstudents,theschool children,andamongsttheemployeesofthevariousinstitutionsingovernmentandcivillife.

Whileoneofthefunctionsof theN.K.V.D.unitinOttawawas apparentlytokeeptabofthe RussianmembersoftheEmbassystaffsandtoreporton themtotheN.K.V.D.headquartersinMoscow,asalreadystated,theyalsooperatedanundercovernetworkofCanadian agents.Itsfunctionsincluded checkingandreportingtothe Russiansonmembersofthe CommunistPartyofCanada, aswellasespionage.Gouzenko said:

A.:WhenIwasworkingin Moscowasacipherclerkatthat time.thatisthefirsttimeIsaw

Q.:AndthenMoscowwould checkhimthroughtheComintern?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:OrthroughtheN.K.V.D.?

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:Ifamanwasamemberof theCanadianCommnnistParty itwouldnotmeanthatthey wouldusehimwithoutchecking onhim?

A.:Theymusthavethatfrom Moscow.InMoscowtheywould gothroughallthisinformation andtheywoulddecidewhether theycoulduse-orsomebody else.

Q.:Everyagent,whetherhe isamemberoftheCommunist Partyornot,hastobechecked throughMoscowbeforehecanbe used;isthatright?

A.:Hemustbechecked.

Thedocumentsdealingwiththe agent,Gerrnina(Hermina)Rabinowitch,uponwhomwearereportinginSectionVI,alsocontainsreferencetotheN.K.V.D. systemandcorroborateGouzenko'sidentificationofPavlovas theleadingmemberofthisnetworkinCanada.Gouzenko stated:

A.:Thentherewasaquestion aboutHerminaRabinowitch.Of course,theseagentsdidnotknow abouttheexistenceofthetwo systems.TheyworkedforRussia.MissRabinowitchsent severalletterstotheEmbassy, andofcoursethoseletterscame toPavlov.Hewasthefirst mantoseeherandhewasthinkingthattherewasanother chancetogetanagent,Then Pavlovtriedtoputherinhis systembecausethemoreagents theyhavethemorepraisefrom Moscow.Sohewasanxiousto havetheagent.

Q.Motinovwas, AsNo,Pavlov.However,it wasclearthatshebelongedto theMilitaryIntelligencesystem. sohehadtogivehertoZabotin.

dentlyhadsomemeansofmakinganindependent

A.:Thatisright.

Q.:DidheusetheN.K.V,D. forthat?

A.:Heusedthat,andthey usedtheCominternalso.Take thecaseofNormanVeall.Severaltimeshetriedtointroduce himselftoSamCarrandsome otherpeopleandsaidthathe wantedtowork,thathecould getsomeinformation.Theybecamealittlesuspiciousabout him,especiallywhentheylearnedthathewasinpossessionofa testimonialfromaCommunistin GreatBritainwhohadbeenaccusedofespionageandhad spentseveralyearsingaol.They becamealittlesuspiciousbecause heinsistedthathebeallowed towork.Theytelegraphedto MoscowandMoscowsaid,"All right,wewillcheckit".ColonelZabotinwroteatelegram, "PleasecheckonVeallthrough theComintern."Theyhavefiles onallCommunists,filesinthe Comintern.Finally,Moscow said."Yes,weknowVeall,we donotfindanycompromising materialagainstVeall."They cancheckupcarefully.The N.K.V.D.canuseMilitaryIntelligenceortheycanuseCominternIntelligence.

Q.:SupposingColonelZabotin decidedhecoulduse-;would hehavetoreporttoMoscow thathewantedtousehim?

A.:Thatisright.

AnentryinoneoftheRussian notebooksspeaksofavisitin 1923ofHerminatoTounkin,at thattimeCounselloroftheSovietEmbassyinOttawa,reportingonthesituationofa' numberofSovietagents,mostly designatedbycover-names,who wereoperatingoutsideofCanada.Thesumof6,700,000dollarswasrequestedft*.them.

Thenotebookentrycontinues:

" AfterthisPavlov,2nd. secr.neighbour,askedhisboss, who,accordingtoPavlov,allegedlyrepliedthatthisistheir manandyou(Pavlov)shoulddo nothing. ." Thedocumentgoesontooutlinerecriminatorydiscussions betweenoneofZabotin'sRussian assistantsandPavlov.

Gouzenkoalsosaid:

Q.:SotheN.K.V.D.system, startedatleastasearlyas1924, hasbeenoperatingcontinuously here,andisoperatingatthepresenttimeapartfromZabotin?

A.:Yes.

Q.:AndyouthinktheN.K.V.D.systemismuchlargerthIn Zabotin's?

A:Yes.

Q..:Andbothareworkingactually?

A.Yes. Thisevidence,givenbyGouzenkoandcorroboratedbythe exchangeoftelegramsbetween abotinandMoscow,establishes, wethink.thattheN.K.V.D.has beenoperatinghere,butitis quiteimpossibletosaywhether ornotitsactivitieshavecome toanend.

(TobeContinued.)

Established50years Weddingsa

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mileAWHILE

Wednesday,June

Adrunksearchingdiligently alongtheedgeofthepavement andthegutterwasapproached byanofficerwhosaid: "Whatareyoulookingfor?"

"Ijustlostfiftycents."

"Wheredidyouloseit?"

"Aboutahalfablockdownthe street."

"Well,whyareyoulookingfor ithere?"askedtheimpatient officer

"Oh,"repliedthedrunk,"the light'smuchbetterhere."

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH

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BoysreadyforatleastSixthClass,andrecommendedby theirParishPriest,cannowbeenrolledfor1948.Onlyinvery specialcircumstanceswillanyfreshapplicantsfor1947beconsidered.Anypreferenceswillbegiventocountryboys. ForParticularsapplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

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Charliewasthemostbashful ladinthevillage.Naturally thefamilywereastonishedwhen hetoldthemoneeveningthathe wasgoingcourting.After spendinganhourgettingready, hesetout.Halfanhourlater hereturned,lookingverypleased withhimself.

"Youarebacksoon,"saidhis mother."Howdidyougeton."

"Allright,"repliedCharlie withagrin.

"Didyouseeher?"

"Aye,Ididan'all.An'ifOi hadn'tduckeddownshe'd'ave seenOi,too."

* * * *

"Iwantapresentformyhusband."

"Howlonghaveyoubeenmarried,madam?" "Twelveyears."

"Bargainbasement left."

isonthe visiteda

* * * Amanwhorarely townofanysizedroveintoone withhisson,travellinginadecrepitcar.

Climbingoutofthecarinone ofthemainstreets,theoldman appearedfascinatedbythepavement.Hescrapedhisfeetonthe hardsurface,and,turningtohis son,remarked:

"Well,1don'tblame'emfor buildingatownhere.Theground istoohardtoplough,anyway."

* * * * Farmer'sWife(tochemist): "Now,besureandwriteplainon thembottleswhichisforthe horseandwhichisformyhusband.Idon'twantnothin'to happentothathorse."

* * *

"Wasitacaseofloveatfirst sight?"

"No,secondsight.Thefirst timehesawherhedidn'tknow shehadmoney."

* * * *

"Mummy,whatbecomesofa ?,,whenitgetstoooldto "Somebodysellsittoyour father!"

* * *

Ononeoccasionawell-known managerwenttothetheatrefor theexpresspurposeofencouragingayoungactorwhohad shownsignsofnervousnessina newpart.Whenthepromising youngmanmadehisexitintohe wings,perspirationwasstreamingdownhisface.Themanagerlookedathimforamomentandthensaid,intonesof intenseadmiration:

"Howwellyourskinacts!"

* * *

BigGameHunter:"Oh,yes, I'vebeenpursuedbylionsmany times,butlifewithoutalittle riskwouldbeverytame."

LittleMan:"Iagree!Many timeswhentheweatherhas seemeddoubtful,Ihavedeliberatelygonewithoutmyumbrella."

* * Thecollegestudentrather pridedhimselfonhisknowledge oftheclassicallanguages.One dayrecentlyhewentintoarestaurantandaskedforabottle ofhock.

Thewaiter,nothearinghim distinctly,askedhimtorepeat theorder,whichhedid."Ahot. tleofhock,"hesaid,andthen, anxioustodisplayhisknowledge ofLatin,added:"Hic,haec,hoc!"

Afterwaitingalongtime withoutthewaiterreappearing, herangthebellandinquired thecauseofthedelay.

"DidInotordersomehock, waiter?"heasked,angrily. "Whythisdelay?"

"Because,"repliedthewaiter, whowasnotsuchafoolashe looked,"youafterwards'declined'it!"

* * *

CircusManager:"Thiswillnot do-Iengagedyouasafireeater,andnowyouwanttoappearasasword-swallower-that cannotbe."

Artist:"But,whatam.1todo? ThedoctorwasemphaticthatI shouldhaveadietofiron."

Husband:"Heavens!Theshares Ipaidsomuchforlastweekare nowonlyworthfiveshillings each."

Wife(tryingtoconsolehim): "Thenisn'titagoodthing you'vegotsomanyofthem."

*

* Farmer:"Gosh!Youmustbe bravetocomedownwithaparachuteinagalelikethat."

Stranger(grumpily):"Ididn't comedownwithaparachute.I wentupwithatent."

*

* PatientWife(tohusband,who hasbeentakingportionsofhis cartopiecestoremedyrunningtrouble):"Ihope,dear,you haven'thadallthattroublefor nothing."

Husband:"Onthecontrary, nowthatI'vereassembledifI findI'vegainedtwospareparts."

Awitnessduringatrialwas unusuallyloquaciousandultimatelythejudgetookhimin handtoseeifhecouldnotreducehisflowofwords.

"Ishouldbeglad,"saidhis lordship,"ifyouwouldbealittle moreterse.Isupposeyouknow whattersemeans?"

"OfcourseIdo.Anyfool knowswhatitmeans-it'sthe firstcoachatafuneral."

CarpetsandFurnishings

BarrettCarpetandFurnishingCo.

30PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.'Phone:B4988.

OFA.J.BARRETT.

FORINSTITUTIONS.

OLTAIN

anyadvertisement itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagementaccept.noresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesooneerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"460HayStreet, Perth.'PHONICB6960.

Blinks:"Imustbethemost unluckypersonintheworld.

Banks:"How?"

Blinks:"Well,Iwasatafootballmatchyesterday.There weretwenty-twoplayers,areferee,andtwolinesmenonthe field,andfortythousandpeople watchingthegame,yettheball hitme."

* * *

Bull:"Lookhere,Elmer, you'rewellupinAmericanhistory.Canyoutellmewhat Colombusdidassoonasheset footinAmerica?"

Elmer:"Guessyougotme beat,brother.Whatwasit, anyway?"

Bull:"WhY,puttheotherone there."

"Iwonderwhatwouldhappen ifyouagreedwithanythingI said." "Iwouldbewrong."

"Sorry,sir,wearefullupbutthereisroomNo.112.A sleepwalkerhasthat,andas longasheisontheroof,you couldsleepinthebed."

* * * *

Thetravellerforcedhisway intotheoffice.

"I'msorry,"saidthemanagingdirector,withsomeheat,"I can'tseeyou."

"Thenit'sveryfortunateI called,"saidthetravellerbrightly."IrepresentUcansee,the well-knownfirmofopticians."

* * * *

"Smithisdead;hewasthe luckiestmanIeverknew."

"Howwasthat?"

"Heinsuredhishouseagainst fireandithadafiresoonafter. Hehadonlyjustinsuredagainst accidentwhenhebrokehisleg, andlaatmonthheinsuredhis life,andnowheisdead."

THECATHOLICANSWER aman'scharacterdependsonhis beliefs.Howthencanthe Stateaffordtoignorethesesimpletruthsandtoviewtheteachingofreligionasataskwith whichithasnodirectconcern."

TheDirectoroftheDepartmentofEducationintheUniversityofOxford,Mr.M.L.Jacks, isevenmoreoutspoken.He writes:

"Noeducationalsystemcan endureexceptinsofarasitis rootedandgroundedinGod. Godmustbeineducationif thereistobeanylifeinit,and ifitisnottodeegnerateintoa

BEAUTYand

(ContinuedfromPage3.) moribundmatterofmereinstruction.'Whatthinkyeof God?'Thatisthemostvital questionaddressedtoteachers, anditisthemostvitalquestion thattheymustpassontotheir pupils.Ontherightanswerto itdependstheworthofwhatis doneinschoolsandcolleges, andonthatdependsinlarge measurethefuturedestinyof mankind"

Thesequotationsareinterestingasshowingareturntothe traditionalteachingofthe Churchonthesubjectofthe placeofreligionineducation.

theBEAST?

ANOLO-CATHOLICSFACE BOTHWAYS

Thelettercontinues:

"Yousaythereisnosuch thingastheAnglo-Catholic Church.Nowisn'tthatfunny? Anglo-CatholicIStheright church-anditneedsnoPope. WheredoesOurLordtellus anywhereaboutaPopeafter Peter?"

A.:Itwouldbeveryfunnyif therewereanAnglo-Catholic Church.Thetwowordsare contradictory.Itwouldmean achurchforallmeninevery nationandatthesametimefor Englishmenonly.AndcertainlythesmallgroupsofAnglicans whocallthemselvesAnglo-Catholicsbecausetheywanttoreturntothetruthsandpractices oftheCatholicChurch,theydo notneedaPopeexceptitbeMr.

Facing-Both-Ways.

Youseetherecanbebutone CatholicChurch,andthisthe ChurchwhichChristOurLord foundedforallmenonSt.Peer astheRockagainstwhichHe promisedthegatesofHellshall notprevail;forHepromised,too, tobewithHisChurchuntilthe endoftime,andthatthusit wouldspeakwithHisownauthority,whichwouldbevestedin St.Peter.Itfollows,therefore, thatOurLordwishedSt.Peter's officetolastforever,andthus aslongastimeenduresyouwill haveasuccessorofSt.PeterthePope.

Youconcludeyourletter,Mrs. Miller,asfollows:

ALADYADMIREROF"UNCLEJOE"

Mrs.Miller,GeddesStreet,VictoriaPark:

Listenerswillbegladtohear thatMrs.Millerislisteningin again.Sheverykindlysends meanarticlefromaDigestand says: "Iamsendingyouanarticle toreadaboutRussia;aman whohasbeentheretwoyears shouldknowmorethanyou."

A.:Thankyouverymuch,Mrs. Miller.Thearticleissomewhatoutofdate;alothashappenedsincethentoopenpeople'seyestothetruestateofaffailsinRussiaandtotheactivitiesoftheSovietagainstthedemocracies.Anyhow,Ifancythe writerofthearticleknewmuch morethanhewaspaidtosay, forhewasveryevidentlyplayingtoatune.

KEOUGH'S

ForCATERING

AnyNumber,Place,orTime. ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire OnHireCrockery,Cutleryand Gla'sware,etc.'PhoneB9454 GladKeough,NewcastleSt-Perth.

M1151-Telephones-L1401

MEAD,SON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTritEmAxnz

SCHOOLSOUNDSYSTEMS by ELECTROSOUND

Wehavepleasureinannouncing thatElectrosoundhavebeen awardedtheN.S.W.Department ofEducation's"PeriodContract" forallradioandsoundrequirementsforschoolsandsimilar institutions.

McMAHON&EVANS 31KingStreet, B7772 PERTH B7772

Butyousay:

"RussiaisnoworsethanSpain isto-day." A.:IwishIcouldbelievethat. Butanyonethatlikesmaymake atourofSpainto-dayandenjoy thecare-free,happylivesofits inhabitants;butnoonecanget beyondthe"IronCurtain"that locksinthemiseriesofthe cheerlessSovietRepublics.

Youadd:

"IwouldpreferStalintothat beastFranco."

A.:Noaccountingfortastes, Mrs.Miller;butwemustn'tlet themknow.

Youcontinue:

"Ireadthatthechurchesare backed-andyetyousaythey areagodlesspeople."

A.:Idon'tthinktheyare backedtowin-that'snotthe ideaoftheCommunists.And IneversaidtheRussiansarea godlesspeople. Onthecontrary,Iknowthatbynatureand bytraditiontheyareadevout andreligiouspeople,oratleast theywereuntiltheirGodless rulershavetriedtotakeaway theirfaith.

Yousay:

"Youneedtolookaroundat someofyourownCatholics."

A.:Yoursuggestion,Mrs.Miller,isagoodone.Itdoes heartenonetoseepeoplewith realFaith,whoaretryingtheir besttoserveGodinspiteofthe timeswhichareallagainstthem.

"WearesatisfiedwiththeProtestantreligionandwedon't wantanyinterferencefrom yourpeople.Christsaid,I amtheWay,theTruthandthe Life-andnomancomethto theFatherbutbyMe-notby yourChurch."

A.:But,Mrs.Miller,ifour ChurchisHisChurch,thenitis throughHisCatholicChurchthat wemustcometotheFather;for itwastosaveallmenthatHe establishedHisChurch. RememberhowHesaidtoHis ApostlesasHesentthemto spreadHisChurch:"Allpower isgiventoMeinheavenandin earth.Going,therefore,teach allnations;baptisingthemin thenameoftheFatherandof theSonandoftheHolyGhost. TeachingthemtoobservewhatsoeverIhavecommandedyou: andbeholdIamwithyouall dayseventotheconsummation oftheworld,"(Mt.XXVIII.,1820.)

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET.SURIACO.

RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort.

W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vtc.Park'

STANO'BREN, COURTHOTEL, PERTH

Phone:R4211.

Nature'sInactivityisNot Birth-Prevention

LAWFULUSEOFTHE"SAFEPERIOD"

"South-West":

AgoodCatholicwoman,mother ofafamily,asks:, "IsittruethattheChurch teachesthatitislawfulfor manandwifetomakeuseof marriageataperiodduring whichconceptionwillnottake place?"

A.:Briefly,"South-West,"the answerisYES.

Aseveryoneknows,artificial, birth-preventioniswhollycontrarytothelawofGod,andhas alwaysbeencondemnedbythe Church.Mylistenerswillnote thatyourquestionisconcerned withsomethingquitedifferent, Someeminentmedicalmenhold thatthereisaregularlyrecurringperiodinwhichconception isphysiologicallyimpossible,and youwanttoknowwhethermarriedpeoplemaymakeuseofthis period.Theansweriscertainly theymay.Therightsthatthey receivedongettingmarriedare perpetual;thefactthatthepartiesknowthatinfertilityispresentdoesnotaffectthematter atall.

Yournextquestionis:

"Maytheyconfinethemselves tosuchinfertileperiods?"

AndtheAnswer:Sogreatis thedangerofcausinginjustice tooneorotherpartyandof stiflingthelovebetweenmanand wife,thatnopactofperiodicab stentioncouldsafelybemade, exceptinveryexceptionalcircumstances.However,ifmarriedpeoplehaveareallygood reasonforlimitingthenumber ofchildrenandarecarefulnot todenyatanytimetooneanothertherightspledgedinmar

riage,anddonotletun-Christtiananxietyaboutthefuture wreckmaritallove,thenthey mayrestricttheiruseofmarriagetoinfertileperiods,ifsuch therebe.

Finallyyouask: "Isnotsuchanefforttoavoid childbirthjustasbadfrom thepointofviewofmorality asartificialbirth-prevention?"

TothisIanswer:No,notat all.Periodabstentionimplies doingsomethinginitselfgood, attimeswhenitmaylawfully bedone,andomittingtodoit, attimeswhenthereisnoobligationtodoit.Butartificial birth-preventionmeansdoing somethinginitselfevil.You see,inthecaseofperiodicabstention,advantageistakenof acertaininactivityonthepart ofnature;butinthecaseof birth-prevention,anactofsupremeimportancetoman'swellbeingisperformedandatthe sametimeitswholeforceand purposeisdeliberatelyfrustrated.Itisasinagainstnature, andagainsttheAuthorof nature.

Stovesrelinedortradedinon

T.

ByREV.MARIUSMcAULIFFE, O.F.M.

Allthisshinesveryclearlyin thelifeofSt.Anthonyfromthe daywhen,abouttheyear1220, hepassedovertotheFranciscansandtookupatemporary abodeinthelittleConventofSt. AnthonyatCoimbra,abaremile fromhislateMonasteryofthe HolyCross.

FatherAnthony,O.F.M.

HechangedhisnametoAnthonyprobablyinhonourofSt. AnthonytheAbbot,towhomthe littlechurchofthefriarsinCoimbrawasdedicated,andgave himselfatonceandwholeheartedlytothestudyandacquisition ofthenewruleandspiritthat wastobethefinalmouldofhis life.Thiswouldbenoeasy taskforoneofhisyearsand trainingasaCanonRegularof St.Augustine.

Atlastcamethedayofhis dreamsandprayers.Father Anthonywassentonhisdouble questofsoulsandmartyrdomto theMohammedanMissionofMorocco.Andinthosedaysthe chanceswereallonthesideof martyrdom.

MartyrdomofDesire.

Onecaneasilyimaginethe sacredfireofzealthatlithis wholebeingwhenhisgazefell forthefirsttimeonthelandof Africa.Whatferventprayers hewouldhaveofferedandwhat hopeshewouldhavehadforthe successofhismission!The veryfactthatthemissionin Africahadbeenwateredbythe bloodofmartyrswouldmake himoptimisticenoughtohope forbigthings.Hewoulddoubtlessrecalltheoldproverbthat "thebloodofmartyrsistheseed ofChristians."Itwasallso wonderfulandglorious.And thenthedismalfailureofitall. Everysacrificeseemedinvain. Thewholedreamvanishedovernight.Tousethehomelyillustration,itfizzledoutjustlikea clampsquib.Itwasahugeanticlimax. Notonesermonormissionary appealdidhemake.Notone convertdidhebaptise.Scarcelyhadhelandedthanhe wasstrickendownwithavirulentfeverthatgavehimnorest dayornightforalmostayear. Ashisearlybiographersremark,

BeginThisStory

PatronofYouthand FinderofThingsLost whereAnthonylived.HeaccompaniedtheProvincial,with severalotherreligious.Itso happenedthattherewassome difficultyinprocuringapreacher fortheoccasion.Perhapsthe personappointedwasunableto bethere.Atallevents,nobody wasanxioustostepforwardunprepared,eventhoughtherewere membersofseveralreligiousOrderspesent.Thenitwasthat theFranciscanProvincialgave Now-

AnLionyofPadua

thepainsofhisfever-racked bodywerenothingincomparisonwiththeanguishofsoulat thedismalfailureofallhisaspirations.

Hewasorderedhomefrom themissioninAfricawithin twelvemonthsofhisjubilantarrivalthere.Hishealthhadby thistimesocompletelybroken downthathewasdeemedunfittedforallformsofmissionaryactivity.Justtrytoimaginewhatthiswastoanardent apostle.

Then,seeminglytomakemattersworse,theshipstrucka stormandwasforcedoffits course.Insteadofhisbeloved Portugalandthesolaceofkind friends,Anthonyfoundhimself thrownonthecoastofSicilylike apieceofseawreckage.Of course,lookingbackonitallnow, itiseasytoseeallthefragmentsofhischequeredcareer beingpiecedtogetherunderthe guidanceofamostlovingProvidence.But,atthetime,it wasallsohiddenfromoursaint. Thereisnodoubthewouldconsolehimself,aswealldoat timesoftrial,that,afterall,God hadpromisedtoguardthosewho trustinHim.Hewouldrecall thebeautifulandtouchinglessonoftheGospelwhereinweare toldverydefinitelythatthesame

GodWhoclothestheliliesofthe fieldandfeedsthebirdsofthe airwillcareforuswhoareof muchgreatervaluethanthey.

Luckilyenoughtherewasalreadyinexistenceaconventof thefriarsinMessina.There thewearytravellerrestedand triedtorecoverhishealth.

Thefollowingyear(1221)AnthonyattendedthefourthgeneralchapteroftheOrderofAssisi.Buthedidnotattractattention,andattheconclusionof theconferenceheretiredtoa hermitageandpassedtwelve monthsinprayerandsolitude. ItappearsthatonMarch19, 1222,anordinationceremony washeldatForli,notfarfrom

theyoungFatherAnthonyan obediencetopreach.Knowing himaswedonow,thatwould havebeentheveryvoiceofGod. Preparedorunpreparedthere wasonlyonethingtodo,preach asbestheoculd.

Hereistheaccountgivenby oneofhisbiographers:"Taking ashistextthewordsofthe Apostle,'Christbecameobedient untodeatheventothedeathof theCross,'heplacedbeforethe youngaspirantstothesanctuarythehighidealandperfect modelofatruepriest,asshown inthePersonofHimWhowas thegreatHighPriestandPastor ofsouls.Hisspeech,somewhat timidatfirst,soongrewanimated,impassionedandoverpowering.Hisbody,weakenedby longfastingandbentinconsequenceofhisillness,became erect;hisfeatureswerelitup withamarvellouslight,hisgestureswerefullofagraceand majesty.Atthesametime,he carriedawayhisaudiencetothe heightsofmystictheology.All presentwerefilledwithwonder. Theyseemedtoheartheechoof thevoiceofoneoftheprophets. Theyknewnotwhichtoadmire more,thegrandeurofhisintellectorthedeephumilityofhis heart."

Thegeneraleffectwasamazementthatamanofsuchgifts shouldbeforsolonghiddenin anobscurehermitageonthe mountainside.TheyhaddiscoveredapreacherandAnthony haddiscoveredhisvocation.At last,thenowpurifiedsoulhad beengiventhelong-denieddesire.HewasappointedbySt. Francishimselftobeoneofthe missionarybandofpreachers who,atthetime,wererousing tolifethelong-slumberingfaith ofallEuropebymeansofwhat to-daywecallmissionsandretreats.

Spacedoesnotpermittotell herethefullstoryofhismissionarytravelsallthroughItaly andFrance.Thestoryofthe

DearCornerites

Itrustyouareallwell.Iam justgettingoveroneofthose nastycolds,socansympathise withanyofyouwhoaresimilarlyafflicted.

Doyoufindithardtogetup atyourusualtimethesedark, coldmornings?Ifso,justgive onetinythoughttoallthepeople whohavetoriseearlierthan you;thinkforamomentofthe milkman,thepaperman-andyou peopleinthecitycanthinkspecallyofthecountryfolk,who usuallyputustoshameinthe matterofgettingupearly. I

sometimesthink,too,ofthe priests,nunsandbrothers. A merrylittlenunoncetoldme thatshenevergetsusedtorisingat5o'clock;so,yousee,it isnotalwayseasyforthosewho doitregularly. ThemonthoftheSacredHeart drawstoaclose.Beforeit passesawayaltogethermakeone moreactofreparation-thatis, dosomethingforGodandask Hispardonforanyoffencesyou havecommittedinthepast.hepeattheaspiration:"Sacred HeartofJesus,Iplacemytrust inThee."-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

THEYMADE1-1ZStar

NO.10:

JOHNGUTENBERGPIONEEROFPRINTING.

Itisacuriousthingthat printing,whichrecordsthehistoryofeveryotherinvention, shouldtellsolittleofitsown story.Wedonotknowwith whomtheideaofprintingbegan. WeknowthatGutenbergwas thefirstknownmantogivethe worldabookprintedwithseparatepiecesofmovabletype,but thecreditoftheinventionis claimedforothermenwholived atthesametime.Wedonot evenknowtheexactyearofGutenberg'sbirth.Weknownothing abouthisboyhood.Hiswork causedthegreatestrevolutionin thehistoryofknowledgethatthe worldhaseverwitnessed,yetwe knowverylittleofhisprivate life. Theideathattherewasabetterwayofproducingbooksthan writingthembyhandhadenteredmen'smindsbeforeGutenbergcameonthescene.Men hadfoundoutthewaytoprint fromwhatwecallwoodcuts. Theseweredrawingscutinto blocksofwood,which,onbeing inkedover,printedapictureon thepaperpresseduponthem. Butthatwasalongwayfrom printingabookfromtypeswhich, whenonebookhadbeenprinted, couldbeusedagainandagainto printotherbooks.

JohnGutenbergwasbornat Mainz,inGermany,about1410. Hisparentswereofnoblebirth.

WhenJohnwasabouttenhis parentshadtofleefromMainz becauseofagreatquarrelbetweenthepoorandtherichof

wonderfulmiraclesthatGod workedthroughhimwouldfill severalvolumes.Thosewho wouldliketohavethefullstory willfinditbeautifullytoldina penetratingstudyof"Anthony ofPadua."byFatherRoger Maloney,O.F.M.(Anthonian Press,Dublin).Wecanhopeto giveherejustameagreoutline. Hisveryfirstmiracleoccurred atRiminiwhentheWaldensian hereticstriedtointimidatethe peoplefromhearinghissermons. Thecongregationwascomposed mostlyofheretics.Theyshowedtheircontemptbywalkingout ofthechurch.Anthonywalked afterthemtothenearbyseashoreandcalledonallthefishes, greataridsmall,tocomeandhear theWordofGod,whichthepeoplehadrejectedThenithappened."Immediatelythefishes gathered,andwithheadsupraisedabovethewater,listenedattentivelytothesaint'sdiscourse, untilhegavethemhisblessing andbadethemdepart."Noneed tostresstheeffectofthat.The conceitedscoffershadallthe prideknockedoutofthem.We areinformedthatwiththemultitudewhohadwitnessedthis workingofthepowerofGod,his workwascomparativelyeasy.No wonder!

(TobeContinued.)

Let'sHaveaPoem

AFAREWELL.

Myfairestchild,Ihavenosong togiveyou; Nolarkcouldpipetoskiesso dullandgrey; Yet,erewepart,onelessonI canleaveyou, Foreveryday.

Begood,sweetmaid,andletwho willbeclever; Donoblethings,notdream themalldaylong; Andsomakelife,death,andthat vastforever Onegrand,sweetsong!

-CharlesKingsley.

OLDJACK

Anoldrascalhemaybeat times,withatasteforcallow nestlingsandnotabovetaking achicken;butOldJackhas, withhisfailings,qualitiesthat havegainedforhimfameand theaffectionofanation.Our greatbrownkingfisher-herarelygoesa-fishing-haslaughed

thecity.TheywenttoStrasbourg,andtheretheinventorof printinggrewup. HewasaladofbrightandinventivemindWhenlittlemore thanfifteenhewasexperimentinginpolishingstonesandmakingmirrors.Looking-glasses hadnotbeenmadebeforethis, butyoungJohnsoonfounda wayofmakingbetteronesthan hadbeenknownbefore.Heset upinbusinessinthistrade,and seemstohaveremainedinitfor abouttwelveyears.Wenext findthathetookthreemenas partnersinanewbusinessprinting.Theywerestillusing woodcuts;theideaofthemovabletypeshadnotyetcome. Afterthiscomesaperiodof mystery.Gutenbergborrowed moneyforcarryingonhisexperiments,andthatisallweknow. HereturnedtoMainzin1446, afteranabsenceof26years. Thathehadnowcompletedhis schemeforthenewprintingwe knowfromthefactthathewas abletoinduceashrewdmerchantofMainztolendhim moneyforhiswork.Butthe movabletypeswerestillonly madeofwood.Themetaltype wasanimprovementsuggested bySchoeffer,askilfulmetal workerwhomGutenberghadtakenintohisservice.

NowtheworkofGutenberg's lifewasbegun.HedeterminedtoprintacopyoftheBible. Ittookalongtime,andthecost wasveryheavy.Yetatlast,in 1455,thefirstprintedbook,the completeBibleinLatin,waspresentedtotheworld,boundintwo greatvolumes.Thetriumphof printingwasestablished.Men agreedthatitwas"asclearas handwriting,"and,ofcourse,they werenotslowtoappreciatethe advantageofbeingabletoprint manycopiesoftheonebookat thesametime.Itissomething ofwhichprintershaveeversince beenproudthatthefirstbook everprintedwasthegreatest bookintheworld. TheendofGutenberg'slifewas tragic.Inthehourofhissuccesshewasruinedbytheman whohadfinancedhim,thegreedy merchantofMainz.Thislatter suddenlydemandedthemoneyhe hadlent.HeknewthatGutenbergcouldnotpayhim,andas hecouldnothavethemoneyhe seizedtheprintingplant.He waslegallyentitledtodothis, butmanythingsarelegalwhich aremonstrouslycruel.Poor Gutenbergwaskickedoutofhis office,poorerthanwhentheidea ofprintingfirstenteredhislosrain. Hefoundagoodfriendwhoenabledhimtosetupanotherpress, fromwhichheprintedoneortwo books,butnothingprospered withGutenbergafterthat,and heendedhisdaysasapensioner livingonthecharityoftheArchbishopofMainz.Nobodynoted hisdeath.Hepassedawayin 1468,thirteenyearsafterthe completionoftlaeworkwhich madehimoneoftheworld's greatmen.

PuntedandPublishedbyKeithFrancisSpruhan,at"TheReeord"Office,450HayStreet,Perth.

hiswayintotheheartsofall Australians,andhisbroadcastlaughing-songhasgainedhim alsoahostoffriendsinother countries. WecallhimeithertheLaughingJackassor"Kookaburra"anaboriginalword.Butheis anythingbuta"jackass"!He isawilyoldbirdwithanamazinglyquickeyeforanymovementintheundergrowth.Helikes smalllizardsandmammals,large insectsandtheirlarvae;andit mustbeadmittedheisanestrobber.Asforchickens,he takesoneonlyoccasionally;and farmersneedlosenosleepthinkingofOldJack.Ifencouraged,hewillbecomequitefriendly. Hisvoiceishisfortune-or themajorportionofit.Buta reputationforsnake-killinghelpedtowinhimthefavourof practicalmeninthepioneering days.Beforehebecamewidely recognisedasa"character,"it wascertainlythegeneralbelief inbisvirtuesasasnake-killer whichsavedhimfromtheshotgun.Naturalists,however,are awarethathisservicesinthis directionhavebeenexaggerated. Snakesdonotformanimportantitemofhismenu,thoughhe wouldprobablylikeustothink so.

PERTHFISHERIES

489WellingtonSt.,Perth.

FishandPoultrySupplies.

WholesaleandRetail.

Phone:B5992.CityDeliveries.

CountryTrdersCateredFor.