The Record Newspaper 04 June 1947

ToOurVenerableBrethren-ThePatriarchs,Primates,Archbishops, BishopsandOtherOrdinariesinPeaceandCommunionWith

VENERABLEBRETHREN,HealthandApostolicBenediction

OntheFourteenthCentenaryoftheDeathofSt.Benedict

LIKEastarinthedarkness ofnight,BenedictofNursiabrilliantlyshines,aglory notonlytoItalybutofthewhole Church.Whoeverconsidershis celebratedlife,andstudiesinthe lightofthetruthofhistorythegloomyandstormytimesin whichhelived,will,without doubt,realisethetruthofthe divinepromisewhichChristmade totheApostlesandtothesocietyHefounded:"Iamwithyou alldays,eventotheconsummationoftheworld"(1).

Atnotimeinhistorydoesthis promiseloseitsforce;itisverifiedinthecourseofallagesflowing,astheydo,undertheguidanceofdivineProvidence.But whenenemiesassailtheChristiannamemorefiercely,whenthefatefulbarqueofPeteris tossedaboutmoreviolently,and wheneverythingseemstobetotteringwithnohopeofhuman support,itisthenthatChristis present,bondsman,comforter, sourceofsupernaturalpower, andraisesupfreshchampionsto protectCatholicism,torestoreit toitsformervigour,andgiveit evergreaterincreaseunderthe inspirationandhelpofheavenly grace.

Amongthesechampionsshines outinresplendentlightOurBenedict-blessed"bynameand grace"(2).Intheprovidential designsofGodheemergedfrom adarkcenturywhentheposition andfateofcivilisation,aswell asoftheChurchandofcivilsociety,wasindanger'ofcollapse.TheRomanEmpire,whichhad attainedsuchasummitofglom`, andhadjoinedwithwiseand equallytemperedlawssomany peoples,nationsandtribes,so thatitcouldbecalledmorecorrectlytheworld'sprotector ratherthanitsimperialmaster (3),thisEmpire,likeallearthly institutions,hadcrumbled.Weakenedandcorruptfromwithin,it layinmightyruinsintheWest, shatteredbytheinvasionsofthe northerntribes.

INsuchamightystormand universalupheaval,from wheredidhopeshine?Where didhelpandprotectionarisein ordertosavehumanityand whatwasleftofitstreasures fromshipwreck?Itcamefrom theCatholicChurch.Allearthlyinstitutionsbegunandbuilt solelyonhumanwisdomandhu manpower,inthecourseoftime succeedoneanother,flourish,and thenquitenaturallyfail,weakenandcrumbleaway;buttheorganisationwhichOurRedeemer establishedhasreceivedfromits divineFounderunfailinglife andabidingstrengthfromon high.Thussustainedandfor-

tifiedtheChurchcomesoutvictoriousthroughthehostilefortunesoftimeandcircumstances;amidtheirruinsandfailuresitiscapableofmouldinga newandhappierage,andwith Christiandoctrineandspiritshe canbuildanderectanewsociety ofcitizens,peoplesandnations.

ST.BENEDICT'SLIFE. Wearehappy,VenerableBrethren,totreatbrieflyinthis),'cyclicalLetterthepartplayedby Benedictinthisrenewalandrestoration;forthisyear,itwould seem,fourteencenturieshave elapsedsincehehappilyexchang- edthisearthlyexileforhisheaventlycountryafterinnumerablelaboursforGod'sgloryand man'ssalvation.

"BornintheProvinceofNursiaofhonorableparentage"(4), "hewasfilledwiththespiritof alljustice"(5),andinaremarkablewayhesupported Christianitybyhisholiness,pru. dence,andwisdom.

Whilethecenturyhadgrown oldinvice,whileItalyandall Europeseemedtobeawretched theatreforthelifeanddeath struggleofnations,andeventhe monastic.disciplinewasweakenedwithworldlinessandwasnot uptothetaskofresistingand overcomingtheallurementsof corruption,Benedictprovedthe

perennialyouthoftheChurchby hisoutstandingsanctityand work;herestoredmoralityby histeachingandexample;heprotectedthesanctuaryofreligious lifewithsaferandholierlaws. Norwasthatall;heandhisfollowersreclaimedtheuncultured tribesfromtheirwildlifeto civicandChristianculture;directingthemtothepracticeof virtueindustryandthepeace- fulartsandliterature,heunited theminthebondsoffraternalaffectionandcharity.

Inthefirstflowerofyouthhe wassenttoRometostudythe liberalsciences(6);therewith greatgriefhenoticedheresies andallmanneroferrorspreval- ent,andmanymindsdeceived andcorrupted;privateandpublic moralitywerecrumbling,and verymany,especiallythefine, elegantyouth,weresadlysunk inthemireofpleasure.

THEresultwasthatitcould besaidofRomansociety, "itisdying,anditlaughs.In nearlyeverypartoftheworld tearsfollowonourlaughter"(7), However,underGod'sinfluence, "hegavehimselftonodisportor pleasure butwhenhesaw manythroughtheunevenpaths ofvicerunheadlongtotheirown ruin,hedrewbackhisfoot,but new-setintheworld. Con. 'temning,therefore,learningand studies,andabandoninghis father'shouseandgoods,hedesiredonlytopleaseGodinavirtuouslife"(8).Hewillingly badefarewelltothecomfortsof lifeandthecharmsofacorrupt age,aswellastotheenticing andhonorableofficesofapromis- ingfuturetowhichhecouldhave aspired;leavingRomebehind, he placessoughtoutwildandsolitary wherehecoulddevotehimselftothecontemplation-ofthe divine.Thus,hecametoSubiaco,andthere,retiringintoa narrowcave,hebegantolivea lifethatwasmoreheavenlythan human.

HiddenwithChristinGod(9), he withtherestroveforthreeyears greatfruittoacquirethe perfectionandholinessofthe Gospelstowhichheseemedtobe calledbydivineinstinct.He madethepracticeofshunning allearthlythingstoseekalone andardentlyheavenlythings;of holdingconversewithGodday andnight;ofprayingincessantly forhisownsalvation,andforthe salvationofmen;incurbingand masteringthebodybyvoluntary punishment,andcheckingand controllingtheevilmotionsof thesenses.

WARFAREOFLIFE.

Inthiswayoflifehefound suchsweetnessofsoulthatall theformerdelightshehadexperiencedfromhiswealthand easenowappeareddistastefulto himandinawayforgotten.One daytheenemyofhumannature arousedinhimverystrongallurementsoftheflesh;atoncehe strenuouslyresisted-nobleand strongsoulthathewas-and castinghimselfintoathicketof briarsandsharpnettlesbyvol. untarywoundsheconqueredand quenchedtheinteriorfire.Victoriousoverhimself,heseemed tohavebeenstrengthenedfrom onhighasareward."Afterwhich time,ashehimselfrelatedtohis disciples,hewassofreefrom theliketemptationthathenever feltanysuchmotion....Being nowaltogetherfreefromvicious temptation,heworthilydeserved tobeamasterofvirtue"(10).

Oursaint,then,livingfora longtimethissecludedandsolitarylifeinthecaveofSubiaco,shapedandsethimselfinsanctity,andlaidthosesolidfoundationsofChristianperfectionon whichhewasgivenlatertoraise amightybuildingofloftyheights.Asyou'wellknow, VenerableBrethren,zealousand apostolicworksbecomeuseless andvainunlesstheyproceed fromasoulenrichedwiththose Christianqualitieswhichalone, withGod'sgrace,canmakehumanundertakingscontributeto thegloryofGodandthesalvationofsouls.ThisBenedict knewwellandhadfoundtobe true.Beforeundertakingand executingthosegreatdesignsand plans God,towhichhewascalledby hefirstdevotedhismost earnesteffortsandferventprayerstomakehimselffullymaster ofthatintegral,evangelicalholinesswhichhedesiredtheothers toacquire.

Whenthereputationofhis sanctityspreadanddailyincreasedeverywhere,notonlythe monks,wholivedcloseby,buta multitudeoftownsfolkbeganto flocktohimingroupsdesiringto hearhissoothingvoice,toadmirehisextraordinaryvirtue, andtoseethewondroussignsthatGodoftenworkedthroughhim.Indeed,thatbrightlight thatshonefromthedarkcaveof Subiacospreadsofarandwide thatitevenreachedremoteregions.Thus,"noblesanddevoutpersonsofthecityofRome begantoresorttohim,andcommendedtheirchildrentobe broughtupbyhimintheservice ofAlmightyGod"(11).

FIRSTDIFFICULTIES.

THENitwasthatthisholy mansawthatthetime,or- dainedbyGod'sprovidence,had comeforhimtofoundafamilyof religiousmen,andtomouldtkem totheperfectionoftheGospels. Hebeganundermostfavourable auspices."Forinthoseparts hehadgatheredtogetheragreat manyintheserviceofGod,so thatbytheassistanceofOur LordJesusChristhebuiltthere 12monasteries,ineachofwhich heput12monkswiththeirSuperiors,andretainedafewwith himselfwhomhethoughttoin structfurther"(12).

Butwhilethingsstartedvery favourably,asWesaid,andyield. edrichandsalutaryresults,pro- misingstillgreaterinthefuture, Oursaint,withthegreatestgrief ofsoul,sawastormbreaking overthegrowingharvest,which anenviousspirithadprovoked anddesiresofearthlygainhad stirredup.SinceBenedictwas promptedbydivineandnothumancounsel,andfearedlestthe envywhichhadbeenaroused mainlyagainsthimselfshould wrongfullyrecoilonhisfollowers,"heletenvytakeitscourse, andafterhehaddisposedofthe oratoriesandotherbuiildings----, leavinginthemacompetentnum-berofbrethrenwithsuperiors-hetookwithhimafewmonksand wenttoanotherplace"(13).

TrustinginGodandrelyingon Hisever-presenthelp,hewent southandarrivedatafort"calledCassino,situatedontheside ofahighmountain .;onthis stoodanoldtemplewhereApollowasworshippedbythefoolish countrypeople,accordingtothe customoftheancientheathens. Arounditlikewisegrewgroves, inwhicheventillthattimethe madmultitudeofinfidelsusedto offertheiridolatroussacrifices. ThemanofGodcomingtothat placebroketheidol,overthrew thealtar,burnedthegroves,andofthetempleofApollomadea chapelofSt.Martin.Where theprofanealtarhadstoodhe builtachapelofSt.John;and bycontinualpreachinghecon- vertedmanyofthepeoplethere- about"(14).

CASSINO-BULWARK OFTRUTH.C

ASSINO,asallknow,was andthechiefdwellingplace themaintheatreoftheHoly Patriarch'svirtueandsanctity.Fromthesummitofthismoun- tain,whilepracticallyonall sidesignoranceandthedarkness ofvicekepttryingtoovershadow andenvelopeverything,anew lightshone,kindledbytheteach- ingandcivilisationofoldand furtherenrichedbytheprecepts

(ContinuedonPage10.)

Manypeoplehavewondered whytheChurchhasplacedthe sinofenvyonthislistofcapital sins.Accustomedastheyare totreatitasa"small"sin,they oftenwonderifitcanreallybe asseriousastheDoctorsand SaintsoftheChurchsayitis.

Herewithwepublishextracts fromoneofthefamoussermons ofSt.JohnBaptisteDeVianney, thesaintedCured'Ars,inthe hopethathisinspiredwordswill notonlyhelpustorealiseits seriousness,butwillgiveusthe strengthtoovercomeitinour ownlives: Whatahatefulandabominable thingenvyis!

Everyonewhohasnotlostall feelingsofmoralityconsiders envyasamostdisgracefulvice, andyetthisviceisnotasrare aspeoplethink.Thereisno endtoenvyintheworld.Even amongstourselves,envyisnota stranger.Indeed,thereisnota manuponearthwhohasnotto beuponhisguardtoclosehis hearttotheviceofenvy,to keepdowneveryemotionof envywithinhim.ForthisreasonIwishtowantyouto-day againstenvy,toshowyou,(1) howdisgracefuland(2)howinjuriousenvyis.

Ifwerecognisehowbadand perniciousaviceis,thenweshall detestandavoidit.

GriefatFortune;JoyatIll.

1.Itisnotaverydifficulttask toshowthehideousnessofenvy. Wehaveonlytoexplainwhat envyis,tomakeitsdisgracefulnessunderstood.Whatisenvy?

Noneotherthanacertainsad nessandtrouble,avexationand displeasureatthehappinessand successofourfellowmen,anda certainjoyandsatisfaction,plea. sureandelationattheunhappinessandmisfortuneofothers.

Toenvyourneighbour,meansto grudgehimhisgoodfortune,and towishhimevil.IntheOrient thereissaidtobeabirdwhich staysinitsnestsadandtroubledwhentheweatherisfine andthesunshies,butwhenitis stormyitfliesgailyandjoyfully about.Thisextraordinarybird isanimageofenvy.Itresemblesexactlythoseenviouspersonswhointhesamemannerare sadwhenthesunofgoodfortune isshiningontheirfellowmen, butonthecontraryarejoyful anddelightedwhenthestormof misfortunebreaksoverthem.Is anythingfurthernecessaryto provethehideousnessofenvy?

Isitnotashametobevexedat thewell-beingofoureighbour, atwhichweoughttobeglad, andtofeelpleasedwhenmisfortuneovertakesourneighbour, whenweshouldbesorry?Every, viceisdisgraceful;butnoneof themcarrytheirdisgracesopubliclyontheirforeheadasthe viceofenvy.Otherviceshave evenapretextwithwhichat leasttheycanbeapparentlyexplained;butwherewillyoufind anexcuseofenvy?

ASinWithNoPretext.

Ifthereacemenwhobetray theirhumannature,andwhorejoiceatthosethingswhichcause goodmentogrieve,itisevident thatthesemenareunderthe devil'sinfluence,whoseconcern itistopervertwhatGodhasordained,andtoruinthatwhich Godhasmade.

CriticisingGod'sProvidence.

Iwillevenventuretosaythat theenviousmanismoremaliciousandbehavesmoredisgrace. fullythantheenviousdevil.Woy isthis?Theenviousmanvents hispoisononhisownkind,and thedevildoesnotdothat.The devilburnswithenvytoward man.Humanhappinessdistresseshim,humanmiserydelightshim,buttheotherdevils donotexcitehisenvy.Yetmen envyoneanother;enviousmen rageagainsttheirownflesh.Is noteverymanourbrother,and doesnotourenemybelongas wedotothesamefamilyof God?Howcanthehappiness ofabrothervexabrother,orthe unhappinessoftheonebethe delightoftheother?willshow youenvyfromanotherpointof view,fromwhichitwillappear nolessdisgraceful.Envynot onlyconsistsinadiabolicalmalicetowardourfellowmen,butit isalsoaheinouscrimeagainst God.Toenvyourneighbour's happinessmeanstomurmurat thedispensationsofProvidence andatGod'sgovernmentofthe world.

Accordingtotheirreasoning, Godoughtnottoruletheworld accordingtothedecreesofHis loveandjustice,butinaccordancewiththediabolicalwishes oftheenvious,dispenseHisgifts andHischastisements.How malicious,andwhatacrimeenvy is!Thisvice,however,isnot onlyshameful,butalsoinjurious, notonlymaliciousbutalsoruinous,asweshalldiscoverinthe secondpart.

TheSourceofInnumerableSins.

2.Thedestructivenessofenvy iseveneasiertodemonstrateand torecognisethanitsbaseness. Itisnotwithoutreasonthat wefindenvyamongsttheseven deadlysins.Itisthesourceof innumerableothersins.The evilisboundlesswhichhasits originandrootinenvy.Envy isinrealitytheoriginofevery sin,becauseonaccountofthe devil'sel-ivysincameintothe world.HolyWrit,thehistory ofmankind,anddailyexperience provethatthereisnovicewhich createsmoreevil,orproduces moreharmthanenvy.

THECURED'ARS,ST.JOHN VIANNEY.

thisreasontheholyfatherscalledenvyajustvice,notbecauseit wasjustinitself,butbecauseit isitselfitsownpunishment;by itsowntortureitchastisesitself,andinawayexercisesjus. ticeuponitself.Astheworm eatsthewood,towhichitowes itsexistence,soenvygnawsat theheartofthemanwhoadmits it.Andwhenithastakenup itsabodeinourhearts,itsoon showsitselfinouroutwardbearing,forittakestheglowof healthfromthecheekoftheenvious,andrevealsitspresencein ourinterior,bythesicklypale cheeksandholloweyes.Envy gnawsattheheartastherust doesattheiron,itenfeeblesthe bodylikealingeringfever,torturesthesoul,destroysthepeace ofourmind,andfillsmanwith dejectionandsadness,andbanishesallpeaceandgladness fromthesoul.

"Soundnessofheartisthelife oftheflesh;butenvyistherottennessofthebones"(Prov. xiv.,30)."Envyandanger shortenaman'sdays"(Ecclus. xxx.,26).

ABartoEternity.

Theimpurepersonmaysay hehasbeenviolentlytempted, sensualitymadehimblind,the dangerousoccasioncausedhimto fall;thethiefmaysaythatwant andhungermisledhim;therevengefulpersonmaysaythatbe wasovercome'byanger;butthe enviousperson,whatexcusecan heorwillhemake?None; nothingbuthisdisgracefulmalice.Envyispuremalice,atrue childofhell.Yes,envyisthe devil'ssin.Ifthereareenvious men,itisasadproofthatthe devilhasgainedinfluence,power,anddominionovermen,other. wisetherewouldbenoenvy amongstthem.Whenmancame fromthehandofGod.heknew notwhatenvywas.Itisnaturalformantorejoicewiththe joyful,andtobesadwiththe sorrowful.Intheheartofman, asitwasformedbyGod,there istobefoundpityandcharity, abrotherlyinterestintheweal orwoeofhisfellowcreatures.

Whatwasthecauseofthe firstmurderthatwascommitted?DidnotthewickedCain slayhisbrotherAbeloutof envy?DidnotJacob'ssons sinagainsttheirbrotherJoseph outofenvy?Wasitnotenvy thatcausedtheenragedSaulto hurlhisspearatDavid?Was itnotenvywhichcavedDaniel'senemiestocastthatgreat pillophetintothelions'den?Did notthePhariseesandtheelders conspiretoputtodeaththeSon ofGod;didtheynotcrucifythe DivineSaviourfromenvy?

BearsItsOwnPunishment.

Itishardlynecessarytohave recoursetoHolyScripture,orto history,toprovethedisastrous effectsofenvy.Itsufficesto drawyourattentiontodailyexperience.andtoyourimmediate surroundings,wherethehavoc workedbyenvyiseverywhere apparent.Oughtnottheevil fruitsofenvytobeamotivefor ustostrivetobanishthisdevilishvicefromourhearts?Soas toencourageyoustillmorein thisresolution,Iwillshowyou, inconclusion,howinjuriousthis viceofenvyisfortheenvious manhimself.Envycertainly causesagreatdealofmiseryin theworld,butitproducesthe greatesthavocinthatmanwho fostersit,andwhoiscontrolled byit.Novicepunishesitself soseverelyasenvydoes.For

Besidesthetorturewhichthe enviousprepareforthemselves inthislife,astillgreaterone awaitsthemineternity.Perhapsyoubelievethattheenviousmaybesaved?St.Paul namesenvyamongstthoseworks ofthefleshwhichclosethekingdomofheaventous(Gal.v.21). Letusnotbesurprisedatthis. Eternalblessednessistherewardoflove,thehopeandportionofthosewholoveGodand man.Theenviousperson,however,lovesneitherGodnorman.

Ifhewouldworkmiracles,says St.JohnChrysostom,orevenif hepreservedhischastity,or fasted,sleptontheground,and resembledtheangelsintheirvirtues,solongashewaspolluted withenvy,hewouldremaina lostman.Itisutterlyimpossibleforustoescapethatfire whichispreparedforthespirit ofmalice,ifwedonotliberate ourselvesfromthispassion.

Spareyourselves,therefore, thetormentsoftheenviousin thisworld,andtheirchastisementinthenext,Banishfrom yourheartthisshamefuland destructivevice.Letcharity reignamongstyou,anddonot envyoneanotheranymore.Rejoicewiththejoyful,andmourn withthesorrowful.Takeasin cereinterestinthewealorwoe ofyourfellowman.Grantto everyonethegoodwhichbelongstohim,eventoyourenemy;anddonotrefuseyoursympathytoanyunfortunateperson. noteventoyourenemy.And thusyouwillfulfilthelawof theLord:"Thoushaltlovethy neighbourasthyself"(Mark xii.31).LetusbeseechGodto preserveusfromtheviceof envy.andtofillourheartswith Hisholylove.Amen.

tt 4".

WHATISTOBETHOUGHT OFCLAIRVOYANCE?

"InDoubt,"Mt.Lawley:

"Whatistherealattitudewe Catholicsassumetowardsany kindofclairvoyanceorfortunetelling?"

A.:Towardsmostofthekinds offortune-tellingweCatholics assumeanattitudeofwellfoundedscepticism.Therehave been,andare,somanycasesof straightoutfraudinthisbusiness thatthechancesofcomingacross acasewherethereissomething morethantrickeryinvolvedarc remote.Fortune-tellerssometimeshave,averyshrewdknowledgeofhumannatureandagift forfindingoutdetailsaboutthe simplemindedpeoplewhoconsultthem.Thevictimisquite unconsciousofbeingundercrossexamination,andissurprised bytheaccurateknowledge shownbythefortune-teller.The predictionsaresometimescouchedinDelphicambiguity.Someof themmaycometrue,andifthat happens,thepatientisconvincedthattheseerhassupranormal powers.Fromthemoralaspect thepointofimportanceis whetherornottheconsultation ofthefortune-tellerinvolvesan explicitorimplicitinvocationof theaidofthedevilinfindingout whatishidden.Ifsuchaninvocationisinvolved,thenobviouslythepracticeisforbidden. Consequentlyiftheseerclaims tobeintouchwithspiritsaCatholicwouldnotbeallowedto consultsuchanoracle. We knowthatifspiritsareatwork theyarenotgoodspirits.God doesnotlendHimselftothat methodofexploringtheunknown.

However,itmaybethatthe claimismadethatinaparticu- larcasenothingmorethanunusualnaturalcausesareatwork. Itmaybepossibleforsomepeopleinsomecircumstancesto havesightorknowledgeof thingswhicharedistanteither intimeorspaceorboth.Ihave neverhadtheopportunityof makingareallycriticalstudyof thephenomenonknownassecondsight.Fromtheoccasional verylimitedexcursionsthatI havemadeintotheliteratureon thesubject,Iaminclinedto thinkthattherehavebeengenuineinstancesofsecond-sighted peoplewitnessingeventshappeningelsewhere.Ifthesethings dooccur,itwouldstillhaveto beprovedthattheywerenot causedbynaturalcausesThe theoriesthatIhavereadwhich attemptedtoexplainhowsuch thingscouldbewerenotvery convincing.

ISTHENEWTESTAMENT

GOODHISTORY?

"BibleStudent,"Claremont:

"Ilistenedwithgreatinterest toyouranswerstoquestions recentlyonthegenuinenessof theGospelsando'herNew TestamentScriptures.Imust admit,however,thatIhavea fewdifficultieswhichperhaps youmaybeabletoclearup. Yousaid,Ithink,thatthe writersoftheGospelswere goodhistorians.Icannotsee howtheycouldhavebeen,for Oddfellows'Hotel SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE BESTBRANDSSTOCKED.

NewlyFurnishedThroughout ALLWELCOME.

IG.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES.

theknowledgeoftheirday wasverylimited.Thenifit! betruethatthereisagapbetweentheearliestMSSofthe NewTestamentandtheoriginals,howcanwebesure thatwehavetheoriginal text?"

A.:Agoodhistorianisone whorelatestruthfullyevents thatreallytookplace.The Evangelistsnarratedthesayings anddoingsofJesus,ofwhich theywereeithertheeye-witnessesorofwhichtheyheardfrom thosewhohadbeeneye-witnesses.Whatarethequalificationsthatarenecessaryandsufficientforthattask?Really verylittlebesidessoundsenses, abilitytoweighevidence,and veracity.Intheserespectsthe Evangelistswerenomorelimited thanthebestofourcontempor- aries.

COMPLETERELIABILITYOF NEWTESTAMENTTEXT

Yournextquestion:

"Thereisagapofabout250 yearsbetweentheearliest MSS.oftheN.T.andtheon ginals.Howcanwehesure thatwehavetheoriginal text?"

A.:Itistrue,asmightwellbe expected,thatnoneoftheoriginalMSS.oftheN.T.have come(Inntous.Wearein exactlythesamepositionregardingtheN.T.aswearewith regardtotheGreekandLatin classics,andalmostthewhole literatureofantiquity;wehave onlycopiesoforiginalsorcopies ofcopies.Ofthesecopiesover 4,000manuscripts-somecontainingall,othersportionsonly.of theN.T.-havealreadybeencat aloguedandpartlystudied.The multiplicationofcopiesbywritingleadsalmostofnecessityto differencesoftext.Theaccur acyofourdayswasimpossible beforetheinventionofprin'ing.

IntheearlyChristiantimes therewasnoonetocorrespond toourcarefuleditorsandproofreaders.Weoughtnottobe surmised,then,tofindvariant' readingsintheearliersources'of theNewTestamenttext.Very fewofthesevariantsareofany realimportance.Seventhou sandoutof8,000versesareto' beconsidered,accordingtoWest. cottandHort,asdefinitelyestablished.Norealdoubtexists aboutfifiy-nine-sixtiethsofthe wholenumber.Noquestionof anyconsequenceisdependanton anydifferenceofreading.Indeed,notextinclassicalliteraturecancompareincertainty andpuritywiththetextof.he N.T.,withthepossibleexception ofthetextofVirgil,which standsonaboutthesamelevel.

NoMSS.ofanyclassicalauthorapproachesatallsonearto thedateoftheoriginal,asdo ourN.T.manuscriptstothedate oftheirs.Twentyofthe'texs arepriortotheeighthcentury, adozenareofthesixth,fiveof thefifth,andtwoofthefour.h. Therealealsofragmentswhich areearlierstill.

Apartfromthemanuscripts oftheoriginaltext,wealsohave severalancienttranslations,severalofthemfromtextswhich areearlierthanouroldestGreek manuscripts.Chiefamongthese istheItala-aLatinversion,goingbacktothesecondcenury, revisedbySt.Jeromeinthe fourthcentury,andincommon usethroughoutWesternChristendomsincethesixthcentury underthenameoftheVulgate. ThenwehaveSyriacversions; theDiatessaronofTatianinthe secondcentury;theSinaipalimpsestperhapsofthesecond,atthe leastofthethirdcentury;the CuretonianCodexofthethird century,andtheCopticinLower Egypt,datingfromthefifthcentury,andtheThebanorSahidic, inUpperEgypt,ofthethirdor pcssiblyofthesecondcentury.

Andwehavealso-thoughthey areoflessimportance-earliertranslationsintoArmenian, Ethiopian,GeorgianandGothic.

Finally,ifallthesetextswere lost,itwouldstillbepossibleto reconstructthewholeN.T.from quotationsintheancientChristianwritersofthefirstcenturies. Itisnowonderthatscholarsare inagreementinholdingthatwe haveinourpresent-daytextof theN.1.notonlysubstantially, butinallimportantparticulars, theoriginaltextasitcamefrom itsauthors.

LOVINGREDSANDHATING COMMUNISM

"NotaHypocrite,"Perth: "IamnotaCommunist.NeitherhaveIanyChurch.Just aplaincitizendoingajobby myfamilyandfellowman,and sometimestryingtodoalittlegood.NowIwouldlike toknowwhyyouCatholics hateandfearthe('ommun. ists.Itseemstomethat, whileCommunistsbelieveand domanythingswhichChristianscondemn,ontheother handtheyareengagedinthe pursuitofthesameendsas Christianity.Tomanyofus itlooksasifthechurchesconcentrateonman'sspiritual needsandtheCommunistson hismaterialneeds.Could therenotbeanalliancebetweenChristiansandCommunists,andweshouldallbe happy?"

A.Asamatteroffact,wedo nothateanybody,eventheCommunists.Forwetrytocarry outChrist'scommandloyally; "Loveyourenemies."Iamsure youdidnotintendtoaccuseus Catholicsofun-Christianconduct,butbeingaplain,blunt man,youdidnotadverttothat aspectofyourremark.However,whilenothatingCommunists,wedomostcertainlyhate Communism.Wemustallhate evil,andCommunismisevil. Similarly,althoughwemaynot despisetheindividualCommunist,providedheissincereinholdinghismistakenviews,wedodespisetheCommunistphilosophy oflife,becausetoanyintelligent manitisdespicable.Now,as regardsfearingtheCommunists,well,sinceyoucallyourself"NotaHypocrite,"askyou don'tyouthinkthattheCommunistswehavehadexperience ofinthelastquarterofacentury.havegiventhehumanrace goodgroundsforfear?Their recorddoesnotcertainlyinspire confidence.

MARXISM'SSOLE OBJECTIVE

Butyousay:

"Itseemstomethat,while Communistsbelieveanddo manythingswhichChristians condemn,ontheotherhand, theyareengagedinthepursuitofthesameendsasChristianity,"

A.:Withyourfirststatement Iaminfullagreement.Butas regardsthesecondIwouldlike toknowwhatevidenceyoucan produce.ThestrictCommunist hasoneobjectiveonly:the bringingintobeingofthe"Class. less"State,bymewlsoftheintensificationoftheClassWar.It istruethatforthepurposesof propaganda,Communistsdoassociatethemselveswithmove mentsforthebettermentofthe conditionoftheworker,buta carefulexaminationoftheirtacticsinthisspheregivesone gravereasonsfordoubtingtheir sincerity.Theresultoftheir interventionhasusuallybeenfo leavetheworkerworseoffthan hewasbefore.Thishappens fartoofrequentlyforthereto beanyquestionofmerecoincidence.

MPr"t"

THESPIRITUALSUBSERVED BYTHEMATERIAL

Youconcludeyourletterby saying: "ItlooksasiftheChurches concentrateonman'sspiritual needsandtheCommunistson hismaterialneeds."

A.:ThesuggestionthattheCatholicChurchhasbeenindiffer. enttothematerialneedsofman isnotsupportedbythefacts.It istruethattheprimaryconcern oftheChurchiswiththespirit. ualneedsofman.Shedoesnot forgetthatherDivineFounder said:"SeekyefirsttheKingdom ofGodandHisJusticeandall thesethingsshallbeaddedunto you."Butwhilefirstseeking theKingdomofGod,sherecognisesthat,inordertoliveagood life,manneedsmaterialthings. Itispreciselybecausewerealise that,inordertoliveahuman lifeatall,amanmusthavea certainamountofpropertythat werejectoneofthefundamental tenetsofCommunism.Thatsys- temleadsinevitablytotheen. slavementofman,whileChristianityisthereligionoffreedom.

Noonewhoisnotcompletelyignorantofthesocialteachingof theCatholicChurchcouldpossiblyaccusethatChurchof neglectingthematerialneedsof man.

NOALLIANCEPOSSIBLE

Youask:

"Couldtherenotbeanalliance betweenChristiansandCommunists?"

A:Suchanallianceisutterly impossible.Thetwoareabsolutelyirreconcilable.Thetruths oftheChristianFaitharerevealedbyGod;Communismrejects RevelationanddeniesGod.Chris. tianityisspiritualandistobe themeansofsavingmen'ssouls: Communismisbasedonstraightoutmaterialism,anddeniesthe existenceofthesoul.TheChristianreligionupholdsthedignity oftheindividual,asacreatureof God,redeemedbyGod,andwith anindividualpersonaldestiny ordainedforhimbyAlmighty God:Communismdebasesman, reducinghimtoamerecogina machine,withoutfreedomand withoutideals.Finally,inthe (ContinuedonPage15.)

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POSTULANT WEARSRED

AChinesegirlworearedbridaldress-agiftofAmerican GI's-whensheenteredaconventofChinesenunsatKongmoonrecently.

WhenAmericantroopswerein YeungkOig,SouthChina,the Catholicorphanagetherewasin chargeofaChinesegirl,Ah Yung,whosefather,Chingsin Sang,thetrustedcompanionof FatherRobertCairns,diedheroicallywiththeMaryknollpriest whenJapaneseraiderstookboth fromSancianIsland.

ShortlyaftertheGIcampwas establishedatYeungkongagroup oftenvisitedtheorphanageand werecompletelycaptivatedwith thedirectress.

"Shecouldnotspeakawordto theseyoungsoldiers,"Father liamsport,Pennslavania,the Yeungkongpastorexplains,"but thevivacityandcandourofher smilewonthemcompletely.The tenoftheminsistedonleading herdownthestreettothetailor shop,wheretheyorderedabright redbridaldress(inChinathe bridewearsred)tobemadefor herfromoneoftheirparachutes.

"AhYungandherworkbecamecelebratedamongtheAmericans.Writingtomenow,they oftenendupwith,"GivemyregardstoAhYung!"Imaginetheir surprise-thoughprobablythey willnotbesurprised-whenthey hearthattheyoungladyhas leftus,bridaldressandall,and hasjoinedtheChineseSistersat Kongmoon."

TennisRacquetsRestrungbyexpertsatWimbledonSportsDepot, 14BonMarcheArcade.

REQUIEMFOR TRAINVICTIMS

SolemnRequiemMasswascelebratedatSt.Stephen'sCathedral onMay8,forthereposeofthe soulsofthosewholosttheirlives intheraildisasteratCamp MountainonMay5.ThecelebrantoftheMasswastheRev. FatherT.Armstrong,brotherof Mr.KevinFrancisArmstrong, whowasoneofthevictims.

AttheconclusionoftheMass theVeryRev.DeanCarltonAdministratoroftheCathedral, conveyedtotherelativesand friendsofthedeceasedanexpressionofsympathyonbehalfof HisGracetheArchbishopand priestsandreligiousoftheArchdiocese.InthecourseofhisremarkstheDeanassuredtherelativesofthedeceasedthatthey couldbecertainofacontinualremembrancewhereremembrance isbest.TheCathedralwas packedonthisoccasionbyofficialrepresentativesandbyrelativesandfriendsofthedeceased.

F.B.I.HEADA CATHOLIC

EdwardA.Tamm,assistantto DirectorJ.EdgarHoover,ofthe FederalBureauofInvestigation,waselectedpresidentofthe WashingtonFederationofCatholicAlumniattheorganisation meetingofthegroup.

WeSolicitaTrial fromallReligiousInstitutions

Noordertoobigortoosmall.

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MISSIONARIES SAVEAVIATORS

Astirringrescuetookplace neartheMissionofChristthe King,themostnortherlymission stationoftheVicariateofMackenzie,Canada,whenanaeroplanecrossingthewatershere wasforceddowninaroughsea. Thereweretwooccupantsinthe 'plane,andtheyscarcelyhadtime tosendoutanS.O.S.before their'planedisappeared.They werejustintime,andwerepick. edupbythemissionboat"Notre DamedeLourdes."Themissionboatapproachedandpicked uptheaviatorsinspiteofthe dangersfromthestormysea. Oneoftheaviatorsremarked thatheowedhissafetytoOur Ladyinthesewords:"Iowemy rescuetoOurLadyofNotre Dame.IhaveuptonowhesitatedtobecomeaCatholic.Now mymindismadeup.Iwishto beaCatholic."Hisremarks weretranslatedforthebenefit oftheEsquimauxwhowere present.

ACOMPLETE REVOLUTION

Arecentnewsitemreads:

"ReunionwiththeRomanCatholicChurch,whichisinvolved intheultimateobjectiveofthe WorldCouncilofChurchesfor thereunionofChristendom,..is notonlyimpossible,butundesir. able,unlessthereisacomplete revolutioninboththedoctrine andpracticeofRomanism.

"TheWorldEvangelicalAlliancesaysthisisastatementpublishedin'EvangelicalChristen. dom,'andreportedbyReuters."

Inotherwords,theWorld EvangelicalAlliancesaysthatreunionisimpossibleandundesirable-unlesstheCatholicChurch turnsProtestant.Forthatis what"acompleterevolutionin doctrineandpractice"means.The Churchdoesnot,ofcourse,hold incontemptthedesiresofreunion cherishedbysomanynon-Catholics.Butthatreunioncancome aboutonlythrougha"complete revolution"ontheirpart-acompleteturningaround(forthatis .ghatarevolutionis)untilthey faceinthesamedirectionas theirCatholicancestors(lid.

Anyotherkindofreunionis trulyimpossible,fortheChurch cannottamperwithGod'struth andGod'scommandmentstoob. ,igeanyone.

112ORDERS DISCUSS VOCATIONS

Nunsandlay-peoplsrepresenting112religiousCongregationsofwomenmetinWestminsterCathedrallastmonthtodiscusswaysandmeansofincreasngthenumberofreligiousvocationsamonggirls.Therehas beenaseriousdropinvocations inEnglandinthepastfewyears. Insomediocesesconventshave hadtocloseforthisreason.

Theconferenceagreedthateach conventshouldhaveoneMassofferedeachyearforvocations. Thedelegatesalsoresolvedto asktheHierarchytoappointin eachdioceseapriesttodealspeciallywiththevocationsproblem.

Anothersuggestionwasthat NunsfromdifferentCongregationsshouldgivecombinedtalks togirls,describingthehistory andworkoftheirOrders.

18NEGRESSES BECOMENUNS

Eighteencandidatesforthe OblateSistersofProvidence,believedtobethefirstCongregationofnunsfoundedbyCatholicnegroesintheUnitedStates, pledgedvowsandreceivedthe religiousgarbinimpressiveceremoniesattheNovitiateHouse.

MonsignorHarryA.Quinn,ecclesiasticalSuperioroftheSisters,heardtheprofessionsof eightnovices,andpresentedMe religioushabittotenaspirants totheSisterhood. TheRev.ChesterBall,S.S.J., Negropriest,preachedatthe ceremoniesofreceptionwhich wereheldduringtheafternoon inthechapeloftheMotherhouse.TheRev.AustinChachere,M.S.,SS.T.,Negropriest, vndeditorofthe"Missionary Servant,"wascelebrantatthe SolemnBenedictionoftheBlessedSacramentwhichclosedthe ceremonies.TheOblateSisters ofProvidencewerefoundedin Baltimorein1829,andnownumbermorethan220nunsthroughouttheUnitedStatesandCuba.

STRIKING!

Italldependsonthepointof view,whetherastrikeisapprovedbyotherpractisedstrikersor condemned.Anyway,thereis aninterestingstriketakingplace atCessnock,NS.W.,justnow,so itisreported.

ButchersemployedbytheDis- t'ictCo-operativeSocietyare strikingfora44-hourweekinfive (lays,andpaymentforGoodFridayandEasterMonday.The "bosses"aremostlycoalminers, whoaretheshareholders,anda featureistheirdeterminationto defeatthestrikeandforcethe butchersbacktoworkundertheir presentaward.

VANDALS BLITZCHURCH

Agangoflocalyouthsis thoughttoberesponsiblefor damageestimatedat£10,000to thedecorationsandsanctuaryof OurLady'sChurch,Price-street, Birkenhead.

Usingaxesandhammers,they destroyedtheBenedictionthrone andpedestal,batteredandchippedthehighaltar,beheadedCaen stonestatuesofSt.MarkandSt. Luke,andpoundedtorubblethe alabasteraltar-railbuiltten pearsagoasamemorialtoparishionerswhogavetheirlivesin thefirstWorldWar.

Thealtar,designedbyPugin, waserectednearly50yearsago withthepenniesofthepoorBirkenheaddockers.

TheChurchwasbadlydamagedbyalandminein1941,but thetranseptremainedundamaged,aswellasthesanctuary.The sameminekilledtheParish Priest,CanonTallon,anddestoyedpresbyteryandschools.

Whenthesacrilegewascommittedaparishionersawagroup oflads,agedbetweenabout14 andseventeen,enteringthe churchabout7p.m.Later,a passer-byheardhammeringinsidethechurchandwentin,but theculpritsgotaway.

FatherEdmundQuinn,Parish Priest,commentedtoareporter: "Certainyouthsofthetownhave out-HunnedtheHun ."

MEATHHAS NEWBISHOP

RightRev.MonsignorJohn

Kyne,D.D..Vice-Rectorofthe IrishCollegeinRome,hasbeen appointedbytheHolyFatherto theEpiscopalSeeofMeath,it wasannouncedfromtheApostolicNunciatureinDublinrecently.HesucceedsMostRev. Dr.D'Alton,nowArchbishopof ArmaghandPrimateofAllIreland.

BorninLongwood,Co.Meath, 43yearsago,MonsignorKyrie willbeIreland'syoungestBishop.Thishighhonourcomesto aChurchmanwhosetalentsand learninghavebeenoutstanding sincehisstudentdays.

EducatedatSt.Finian'sCollege,Mullingar,hecontinuedhis studiesattheIrishCollegein Rome,wherehewasordainedin 1927.Healsostudiedatthe PontificalUniversityofPropagandaFide,andtookhisDoctorateofDivinity.

LeftforRome.

ReturningtohisnativeDiocese ofMeath,heenteredSt.Finian's College,wherehewasattached totheprofessorialstafffrom 1928to1930.Hethenleftfor Rome.wherehewasappointed Vice-RectoroftheIrishCollege underRightRev.MonsignorCurran,whowasthenRector. HereceivedthetitleofMonsignorin1939,andwasappointedPapalChamberlainin1940. MonsignorKyne'sbrother, Rev.UlickF.Kyne,iscurateat Multyfarnham.TwoofhissistersareSisterFinian,Carysfort TrainingCollege(Sistersof Mercy),Blackrock,Co.Dublin, andSisterMarieTherese,Bally. jamesduff.Anothersisteris marriedtoMr.JohnJ.Quigley, N.T.,Enfield,andafourthisMrs. LouisQuinn,ofLongwood.

MonsignorKynevisitedLongwoodforaholidaylastyear.The newsofhisappointmentwas greetedwithdelightthroughout theDioceseofMeath.

Stunner&Son (LateHallion's) BAKERS

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POSTULANT WEARSRED

AChinesegirlworearedbridaldress-agiftofAmerican GI's-whensheenteredaconventofChinesenunsatKongmoonrecently.

WhenAmericantroopswerein Yeungko'ng,SouthChina,the Catholicorphanagetherewasin chargeofaChinesegirl,Ah Yung,whosefather,Chingsin Sang,thetrustedcompanionof FatherRobertCairns,diedheroicallywiththeMaryknollpriest whenJapaneseraiderstookboth fromSancianIsland.

ShortlyaftertheGIcampwas establishedatYeungkongagroup oftenvisitedtheorphanageand werecompletelycaptivatedwith thedirectress.

"Shecouldnotspeakawordto theseyoungsoldiers,"Father liamsport,Pennslavania,the Yeungkongpastorexplains,"but thevivacityandcandourofher smilewonthemcompletely.The tenoftheminsistedonleading herdownthestreettothetailor shop,wheretheyorderedabright redbridaldress(inChinathe bridewearsred)tobemadefor herfromoneoftheirparachutes.

"AhYungandherworkbecamecelebratedamongtheAmericans.Writingtomenow,they oftenendupwith,"GivemyregardstoAhYung!"Imaginetheir surprise-thoughprobablythey willnotbesurprised-whenthey hearthattheyoungladyhas leftus,bridaldressandall,and hasjoinedtheChineseSistersat Kongmoon."

TennisRacquetsRestrungbyexpertsatWimbledonSportsDepot, 14BonMarcheArcade.

REQUIEMFOR TRAINVICTIMS

SolemnRequiemMasswascelebratedatSt.Stephen'sCathedral onMay8,forthereposeofthe soulsofthosewholosttheirlives intheraildisasteratCamp MountainonMay5.ThecelebrantoftheMasswastheRev. FatherT.Armstrong,brotherof Mr.KevinFrancisArmstrong, whowasoneofthevictims.

AttheconclusionoftheMass theVeryRev.DeanCarlton,AdministratoroftheCathedral, conveyedtotherelativesand friendsofthedeceasedanexpressionofsympathyonbehalfof HisGracetheArchbishopand priestsandreligiousoftheArchdiocese.InthecourseofhisremarkstheDeanassuredtherelativesofthedeceasedthatthey couldbecertainofacontinualremembrancewhereremembrance isbest.TheCathedralwas packedonthisoccasionbyofficialrepresentativesandbyrelativesandfriendsofthedeceased.

F.B.I.HEADA CATHOLIC

EdwardA.Tamm,assistantto DirectorJ.EdgarHoover,ofthe FederalBureauofInvestigation,waselectedpresidentofthe WashingtonFederationof'CatholicAlumniattheorganisation meetingofthegroup.

WeSolicitaTrial fromallReligiousInstitutions

Noordertoobigortoosmall.

Wecansupplyeveryneedifatallmanufactured.

SELLINGAGENTSFOR-TANDACOPRODUCTS, TABALDI,SALAMI,andMORTADELLA.

GIVEYOURNEXTORDERTO-

WholesaleGrocersand ProvisionMerchants

PHONEB5121.

MISSIONARIES SAVEAVIATORS

Astirringrescuetookplace neartheMissionofChristthe King,themostnortherlymission stationoftheVicariateofMackenzie,Canada,whenanaeroplanecrossingthewatershere wasforceddowninaroughsea. Thereweretwooccupantsinthe 'plane,andtheyscarcelyhadtime tosendoutanS.O.S.before their'planedisappeared.They werejustintime,andwerepickedupbythemissionboat"Notre DamedeLourdes."Themissionboatapproachedandpicked uptheaviatorsinspiteofthe dangersfromthestormysea.

Oneoftheaviatorsremarked thatheowedhissafetytoOur Ladyinthesewords:"Iowemy rescuetoOurLadyofNotre Dame.IhaveuptonowhesitatedtobecomeaCatholic.Now mymindismadeup.Iwishto beaCatholic."Hisremarks weretranslatedforthebenefit oftheEsquimauxwhowere present.

ACOMPLETE REVOLUTION

Arecentnewsitemreads:

"ReunionwiththeRomanCatholicChurch,whichisinvolved intheultimateobjectiveofthe WorldCouncilofChurchesfor thereunionofChristendom,..is notonlyimpossible,butundesirable,unlessthereisacomplete revolutioninboththedoctrine andpracticeofRomanism.

"TheWorldEvangelicalAlliancesaysthisisastatementpublishedin'EvangelicalChristen. dom,'andreportedbyReuters."

Inotherwords,theWorld EvangelicalAlliancesaysthatreunionisimpossibleandundesir-able-unlesstheCatholicChurch turnsProtestant.Forthatis what"acompleterevolutionin doctrineandpractice"means.The Churchdoesnot,ofcourse,hold incontemptthedesiresofreunion cherishedbysomanynon-Catholics.Butthatreunioncancome aboutonlythrougha"complete revolution"ontheirpart-acompleteturningaround(forthatis hatarevolutionis)untilthey faceinthesamedirectionas theirCatholicancestors(lid.

Anyotherkindofreunionis trulyimpossible,fortheChurch carrottamperwithGod'struth andGod'scommandmentstoobligeanyone.

112ORDERS DISCUSS VOCATIONS

Nunsandlay-peoplsrepresenting112religiousCongregationsofwomenmetinWestminsterCathedrallastmonthtodiscusswaysandmeansofincreasngthenumberofreligiousvoca+ionsamonggirls.Therehas beenaseriousdropinvocations inEnglandinthepastfewyears. Insomediocesesconventshave hadtocloseforthisreason.

Theconferenceagreedthateach conventshouldhaveoneMassofferedeachyearforvocations. Thedelegatesalsoresolvedto asktheHierarchytoappointin eachdioceseapriesttodealspeciallywiththevocationsproblem.

Anothersuggestionwasthat

MonsignorHarryA.Quinn,ecclesiasticalSuperioroftheSisters,heardtheprofessionsof eightnovices,andpresentedFite religioushabittotenaspirants totheSisterhood. TheRev.ChesterBall,S.S.J., Negropriest,preachedatthe ceremoniesofreceptionwhich wereheldduringtheafternoon inthechapeloftheMotherhouse.TheRev.AustinChachere, SS.T.,Negropriest, cadeditorofthe"Missionary Servant,"wascelebrantatthe SolemnBenedictionoftheBless. edSacramentwhichclosedthe ceremonies.TheOblateSisters ofProvidencewerefoundedin Baltimorein1829,andnownumbermorethan220nunsthroughouttheUnitedStatesandCuba.

STRIKING!

Italldependsonthepointof iew,whetherastrikeisapprovcdbyotherpractisedstrikersor condemned.Anyway,thereis aninterestingstriketakingplace atCessnock,N.S.W.,justnow,so itisreported. ButchersemployedbytheDist,ictCo-operativeSocietyare strikingfora44-hourweekinfive (lays,ar.dpaymentforGoodFri(layandEasterMonday.The "bosses"aremostlycoalminers, whoaretheshareholders,anda featureistheirdeterminationto defeatthestrikeandforcethe butchersbacktoworkundertheir presentaward.

VANDALS BLITZCHURCH

Agangoflocalyouthsis thoughttoberesponsiblefor damageestimatedat£10,000to thedecorationsandsanctuaryof OurLady'sChurch,Price-street, Birkenhead.

Usingaxesandhammers,they destroyedtheBenedictionthrone andpedestal,batteredandchippedthehighaltar,beheadedCaen stonestatuesofSt.MarkandSt. Luke,andpoundedtorubblethe alabasteraltar-railbuiltten Nearsagoasamemorialtoparishionerswhogavetheirlivesin thefirstWorldWar.

Thealtar,designedbyPugin, waserectednearly50yearsago withthepenniesofthepoorBirkenheaddockers.

TheChurchwasbadlydamagedbyalandminein1941,but thetranseptremainedundamaged,aswellasthesanctuary.The sameminekilledtheParish Priest,CanonTallon,anddestoyedpresbyteryandschools.

Whenthesacrilegewascommittedaparishionersawagroup oflads,agedbetweenabout14 andseventeen,enteringthe churchabout7p.m.Later,a Passer-byheardhammeringinidethechurchandwentin,but theculpritsgotaway.

FatherEdmundQuinn,Parish Priest,commentedtoareporter: "Certainyouthsofthetownhave out-HunnedtheHun."

MEATHHAS NEWBISHOP

RightRev.MonsignorJohn

Kyne,D.D.,Vice-Rectorofthe IrishCollegeinRome,hasbeen appointedbytheHolyFatherto theEpiscopalSeeofMeath,it wasannouncedfromtheApostolicNunciatureinDublinrecently.HesucceedsMostRev. Dr.D'Alton,nowArchbishopof ArmaghandPrimateofAllIreland.

BorninLongwood,Co.Meath, 43yearsago,MonsignorKyne willbeIreland'syoungestBishop.Thishighhonourcomesto aChurchmanwhosetalentsand learninghavebeenoutstanding sincehisstudentdays.

EducatedatSt.Finian'sCollege,Mullingar,hecontinuedhis studiesattheIrishCollegein Rome,wherehewasordainedin 1927.Healsostudiedatthe PontificalUniversityofPropagandaFide,andtookhisDoctorateofDivinity.

LeftforRome.

ReturningtohisnativeDiocese ofMeath,heenteredSt.Finian's College,wherehewasattached totheprofessorialstafffrom 1928to1930.Hethenleftfor Rome.wherehewasappointed Vice-RectoroftheIrishCollege underRightRev.MonsignorCurran,whowasthenRector. HereceivedthetitleofMonsignorin1939,andwasappointedPapalChamberlainin1940. MonsignorKyne'sbrother, Rev.UlickF.Kyne,iscurateat Multyfarnham.TwoofhissistersareSisterFinian,Carysfort TrainingCollege(Sistersof Mercy),Blackrock,Co.Dublin, andSisterMarieTherese,Ballyjamesduff.Anothersisteris marriedtoMr.JohnJ.Quigley, N.T.,Enfield,andafourthisMrs. LouisQuinn,ofLongwood. MonsignorKynevisitedLongwoodforaholidaylastyear.The newsof'hisappointmentwas greetedwithdelightthroughout theDioceseofMeath.

Sturmer&Son (LateHollion's) BAKERS

90101-INSTREET,N.FREMANTLE

L2739.PrizeWinnersRoyalShow DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

NunsfromdifferentCongregationsshouldgivecombinedtalks togirls,describingthehistory andworkoftheirOrders.

18NEGRESSES BECOMENUNS

Eighteencandidatesforthe OblateSistersofProvidence,believedtobethefirstCongregationofnunsfoundedbyCatholicnegroesintheUnitedStates, pledgedvowsandreceivedthe religiousgarbinimpressiveceremoniesattheNovitiateHouse.

Shakespeare's"HenryV"

AnExcellentBritishFilmVersion

TheLaurenceOliviertechnicolourfilmofShakespeare's "HenryV."isabouttobeshown inPerth.Itwillfollow"The SeventhVeil"atthePlazaTheatre.Arepresentativeaudience atlastSunday'spreviewwarmly endorsedtheenthusiasticcommentsofoverseascritics,who ratedthepictureoneofthebest ever.TheAmericanmagazine, "Life"choseitwithouthesitationasfarandawaythebest filmof1946.TheHollywoodAcademyofMotionPictureArtsand Sciencesmadeaspecialawardin itsannualdistributionofprizes toLaurenceOlivierforhistriple achievementofproducer,director andchiefactor, Duetothekindnessofthe managementofHoyt'sTheatres, alargenumberofnunshadan opportunityofseeingthistruly educationalfilmatlastSunday afternoon'spreview.Schools generallywillbecateredforina seriesofspecialmorningand afternoonscreenings.

ShakespeareinaNewMedium.

ItseemsthatShakespearehas atlastreceivedtheofficesofa mediumsuitabletohisgenius.It isquainttoreadnowtheinjunctionsoftheChorus,preparedfor theaudiencesthatfilledtheold GlobeTheatrein1600.Thepeoplewerethenurgedtolettheir imaginationssoar,forhowelse couldthemightyspectacleenvisagedbytheplaywrightbecompassedwithinthewallsofthe "woodenO"?Inretrospectit appearsremarkablethatShakespeare,oranyoneelseinthose days,couldhavethetemerityto paintsuchcanvasesastheydid Itisastrikingillustrationofthe changethathascomeoverthe theatretoreflectthatmodern playwrights,equippedwithfacilitiesfarinadvanceofthebest thatwasavailabletotheElizabethans,stilldonotdaretostray farfromtheconventionaldrawingroomfortheirsettings.

Theproductionof"HenryV." isaparticularlyhappyblendof theoldandthenew.Thewhole ofthefirstActisplayedoutin theGlobeTheatreunderconditionsapproximatingtothosethat obtained350yearsago.This methodofapproachservesanumberofgoodpurposes:tomention afewthatspringreadilytomind, itprovidesexcellentatmosphefe, holdsspecialinterestforthestudentofShakespeare,andpays handsomedividendstotheactors byenablingthemtoconvertthe openingprosaicpassagesintoa laugh-provokingcommentaryon theusagesoftheElizabethan, theatre.

WithHenry'sdeparturefor France,however,achangecomes overthefilm.Theplay-with-Ma-playaspectfades,andweare transportedstraighttothestirringwar-likescenes,leavenedby comedyfromPistol,Fluellen,etc., whichprovidesuchanadmirable vehicleforOlivier'stalentsinthe sphereofromanticheroismand whereinthoseepicShakespearean speechesgleaminjewelledsplendour.

"Oncemoreintothebreach,dear friends,oncemore; Orclosethewallupwithour Englishdead.

Inpeacethere'snothingsobecomesaman

Asmodeststillness,andhumility: Butwhentheblastofwarblows inourears, Thenimitatetheactionofthe tiger; Stiffenthesinews,summonap theblood, .PI andlater,beforeAgincourt:

Westmoreland: "0thatwenowhadhere Butonetenthousandofthose meninEngland, Thatdonoworkto-day!"

K.Henry: "What'shethatwishesso?

MycousinWestmoreland?No, myfaircousin: Ifwearemark'dtodie,weare enow Todoourcountryloss;andifto live,

BOOKREVIEWS

"OneHundredYears"

ACenturyofChurchHistory

Recentyearshaveseenaconsiderablevolumeofwritingabout thehistoryoftheChurchinAustralia;tomentionsomeofit, therearethewell-knownworks ofMonsignorErisO'Brien,Fr. JamesMurtagh's"Australiathe CatholicChapter,"andtheseries ofarticlesfromthepenof FatherEbsworth,appearingcurrentlyintheMelbourne"Advocate"andintendedasaprepara- tionforthecelebration,nextyear, oftheMelbourneArchdiocese Centenary.Itiseasytounderstandthereasonforthisgrow- ingvolumeofhistoricalwriting; thetimehascometolookback andstudythestoryoftheAustralianChurchinitsoriginsduringthepioneeryearsandinits subsequentdevelopment.

AndsoitisthatVeryRev.Dr. McMahon,intheprefacetohis book. o "OneHundredYears,"writtenntheoccasionoflastyear's CentenaryCelebrationsinthis Archdiocese,writesasfollows:

WILLIAMSHAKESPEARE.

"ForthoughShakespearemaybe foralltime,hewasalsovery muchofanage,andunlesswe graspatleastthemainfeatures ofthatage,wearelikelytomiss muchthatissignificantabout him."

-J.DoverWilson.

Thefewermen,thegreatershare ofhonour. God'swill!Ipraythee,wishnot onemanmore.

ByJove,Iamnotcovetousfor gold, NorcareIwhodothfeedupon mycost; Ityearnsmenotifmenmygarmentswear; Suchoutwardthingsdwellnotin mydesires: Butifitbeasintocovethonour, Iamthemostoffendingsoul alive.

Forheto-daythatshedshis bloodwithme, Shallbemybrother;

ThePlayMustBeRead. ThisShakespeareanfilmisin allrespectsexcellent;butthose whodonotreadtheplaybefore goingalongwillbeatagreatdisadvantage.Theactualwordsof theplayarespokenthroughout, andconsequentlycomprehension ismuchincreasedandappreciationquickenedbyfamiliaritywith thescript.Suchfamiliaritywill disclose,ofcourse,thatthere havebeensignificantcuts;but fewwillarguethatthesewere notwarranted. Afeatureofthefilmisthe fidelitywithwhichthereligious toneoftheagehasbeenreproduced,andasequencetouching onthecelebrationofHolyMass inatentatdawnonthatfatefuldayatAgincourt(1415)isa triumphofartistry.TheChurch musicusedinthefilmisabsolutelyauthentic.

ImpressiveActing.

LaurenceOlivier,ofcourse, dominatesthecast,andhemakes animpressivehero;butthereis muchothergoodacting.Leslie Banksperformsthefunctionof Chorusineloquentvein;HarcourtWilliamsportraystheimbecilicKingCharlesVI.of Franceinmemorablefashion; RobertNewtonbringsAncient Pistoltolife.Therolesof FluellenandtheDauphinare alsoverycapablyhandled.Renee Ashersonissuitablydemureand lovelyasPrincessKatharine, daughteroftheKingofFrance. Idonotdouttthatallwho loveShakespearewilllovethis film.Thepageantry,thechivalry,theromanceandthecolour ofMerrieEnglandarebrilliantlyrecaptured.Shakespeare'smarvellouslinesaredeclaimedby peoplewhoknowtheirbusiness, andtheold-timegesturesare seentobeeminentlysuitedtothe spokenword.Theremaybe manywhowillgoalongoutof curiosityandcomeawaydis-

"Thefirsthundredyearsisanimportantchapterinthelifestory ofanenterprise,forthereinare laidthefoundationsuponwhich succeedinggenerationsbuild.A centenarycelebrationcallsupon ustopauseinourjourneyand glancebackontheroadwehave travelled."Thisthenishispurpose:tocommemoratethefirst centenaryoftheChurchinWesternAustraliabywritingthe storyofthefirsthundredyears.

Themethodhehaschosenisto narratethelifestoryofeachof thefiveBishopswhohaveoccu piedtheSeeofPerth,andthus totracethedevelopmentofthe Churchduringfivestagesofour travelalongtheroad.Thenarrativeisroundedoffwithchapters onthestoryofSt.Mary'sCathedral,onthefoundationofthe

"TheMotherof Grace"

SplendidBookletfromNew Norcia, AMonkofNewNorcia,Dom EugenePerez,0.S.B.,haswritten adelightfullittlebooktellingthe storyoftheBlessedVirginin Art.In51pagestheauthorhas reproducedillustrationsofthe famouspicturesofOurLadyby theoldMastersandmodern painters.Everysecondpage hasoneofthosepictures,and thatcollectionaloneshouldrecommendthebooktoeverylover ofart.But,inaddition,the author,whoisasuccessfulpainterinoils,addsaninformative commentarywhichguidesthe non-artyreaderstoseethebeauty whichreligion-inspiredartcan produce..Goingthroughtheillustrations,whatstruckmewas thehelpthosepictureswouldbe inhelpingustomeditateonthe MysteriesoftheRosary.Take, forexample,theillustrationof "TheNativityofOurLord,"p. 29,byacontemporaryGermanartist,Mink-Born.Whatstrength andreligiousconvictionthereis inthispicture!Ifoundthatmy meditationofthethirdJoyful Mysterywasgreatlyhelpedby thismodernconceptionofthe BabeandMother,andofSt.Josephandthehumblebeastsofthe field.

FraAngelico,thatgentlesoul whomakesangelsliveforus, paintedhisfrescoesas"windows intoheaven"throughwhichall mightgetaglimpseofthejoys thatawaitus.Thatcouldstand asaworkingdefinitionofthe aimsandidealsofCatholicart. HerethenisDomPerezopening suchlovelywindowsintoheaven forusall.

EachweekinPerththereisa showingofpaintingsinoilsand watercolours.Unlesswestudy suchabookasthisweshallhave nostandardstomeasurethose modernexcursionsinpainting.

Thebookisongoodpaper, wellproduced,andthepriceof 2s6dismoderateindeed.-

J.T.M.

"TheMotherofGrace."ByDom EugenePerez,O.S.B."The Record"Press,Perth. gruntled,becausetheylackunderstanding;buttothemtowhom ithasbeengiventounderstand anewdaywilldawn. -DEGUSTIBUS.

"Monica'sVictory"

SistersofMercy,andonaprojectnaturallyverydeartothe author'sheart,theBusbies' SchemeinWesternAustralia. Ofthismethoditmustbesaid atoncethatitisnotpossibleto dividethehistoryofadiocese preciselyintosuchstages;the workbegunbyoneBishopnaturallyiscarriedonbyhissuccessor,andinanystoryofcontinuousdevelopmentoneperiodmergesintoanother.Nevertheless anyonewhowriteshistorymust sethimselfsomenormofdivision intoperiods,andinthehistory ofadiocese,unlesssomeother normobviouslysuggestsitself, thisonechosenbyDr.McMahon isthemostpractical,especially whendealingwithsuchacomparativelyshortspaceoftime. Thereisalsothedanger,with thismethod,ofproducingaseries ofbiographicalsketchesrather thanaco-ordinatedstory.Dr. McMahonhasavoidedthis;his aimhasbeentosupplysufficient biographicaldetailtoforma backgroundforhisaccountof eachbishop'spastoralwork.However,Ithinkthatonoccasionhe hasallowedthebiographicalinteresttolurehimawayfromhis maintheme.Thatisnottosay thathehaslostsightofit;all alongwearemadetoseethe gradualunfoldingofthestory.

Tomywayofthinkingthebest chapterinthisbookisthatentitled:"TheStoryofOurCathedral."Perhapsthatispartly becauseintheCathedralasit standsatpresent,wehaveso muchoftheoldtogetherwiththe new;butitisalsobecausethe storyisentrancingandthedescriptionofthenewCathedral fullofinterest. Thereisaspecialdedication, eloquentandcomprehensive,placedatthebeginningofthisbook, andmentionofitbringsmeto anotherconsideration.Thebook isdedicatedbyitsauthortothe silentserviceofadevotedlaity, toourReligiousSistersandBro thers,toourMissionaries,toour priestsandBishops;andthat,of course,isfitting.AsDr.McMahonsays,itwasnotpossible tonameallthesegroups.whose recordisknownonlyinHeaven, andsohehassethimselftohonourthemallbynarratingastory ofourfivebishops.Whichis tosaythathehasgivenusan outlineofthehistoryofahundredyears;hehasputonrecord themainachievementsofour Churchleadersfromthearrival ofthefirstmissionariesuntilfithe presentday,achievementsdue notonlytotheirleadership,but alsotothefaithandloyaltyof thepeople.Forthatweowe himadebtofgratitude.There stillremainsthetaskoffilling inthedetailsoftheoutline,and itishopedthattheywillbefilled in.Thereissurelyamplematerialavailableformorehistorical writing,suchasisbeingdonein otherpartsofAustralia.May wehopethatusewillbemadeof itbeforeverylong.-E.J. "OneHundredYears."Rev.John T.McMahon,M.A.,Ph.D., H.Dip.Ed.Paterson'sPrintingPressLtd.,Perth.

"Monica'sVictory."bythetalentedwriter,MaryAgnesFinn, isaworthyadditiontothepre- viousworksofthiswell-known authoress.Thecompositionof placeisEire,withreferencesto LondonandSydneysprinkledas acondimentthroughout.The charactersare,forthemostpart, drawnfromtheleisuredclass, andhaveallthelovabletraitsof theIrish,and,thoughstory, place,andcharactersareofa typefamiliartomostreaders, thelattergainourinterestand affectionasthestoryproceedsMonicaistheexemplaroftrue Catholicgirlhood.Herexample notonlyradiatesthroughher ownhomecircle,butoverthe livesofallwhomshecontacts, andbecomesanapostolatewhich drawsseveralsoulstofollow afterthe-InvisibleLightshining fromthetenetsofourHoly Faith. Thislittlestoryhasallthe wholesomenessandfreshnesswe associatewiththeGreenIsle ofErin.Anadmirablebookfor theseventeenages,itwould proveanexcellentgiftforthose inthefirstsixofthatcategory, anditsedifyingandhappy-everafterromancesshouldmakeita welcomenewcomertothelibrary ofanyconventboardingschool.

SetupandprintedbyPelle- griniandCo.,itisprocurableat 5s.percopy.

IIIMPPo".0.11041111MPIMIE

SANTAMARIAEX-STUDENTS

Allex-studentsofSantaMaria Collegeareinvitedtoameeting attheCollege,onSunday,June 8. Abuswillleaveopposite theoldG.P.O.at2.5p.m.,returningat4.15p.m.Pleasetry andcome.

M.EDDY,ActingHon.Secretary

JournalismandShort StoryWriting

STUDYWITHTHEC.C.C.

Ifyouhavetalentinthisdirection,withpropertraining youwillbeabletosubmityour articlesandstoriesforpublicationwithconfidenceinyourability.

Everypersoniscapableofa completelyindividualstyle;and fromYOUmaycomethrillingly newideasforstories.Youdo notrealiseyourpotentialtalent untilyouhavemadeaneffortto developit. Youmayenrolwithusfora completecoursein -Journalism andShortStoryWriting,ora shortercourseinShortStory Writingonly.

COMMERCIAL CORRESPONDENCE COLLEGE

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NextLibraryLecture ENGLAND

THECATHOLICPEOPLEOFENGLAND-THEIRWORK ANDATTITUDEDURINGTHEWAR-THEIRACCOMPLISHMENTSANDHOPES-THEIRREACTIONSTOTHE CONDITIONSWHICHCHANGEDTHEIRNATIONDURING THOSEYEARS.THESEANDOTHERPOINTSOFINTERESTWILLBEDISCUSSEDBYREV.FATHERF.BUTLER, WHOWILLSPEAKATTHE'

CentralCatholicLibrary

onMONDAYNIGHT,JUNE16th.

WEARESURETHATTHISSUBJECTWILLPROVIDEFURTHERINTERESTINOURLECTURESFORTHISSEASON. WEHAVEHEARDTALKSONMANYLANDS,BUTTHISIS THEFIRSTOPPORTUNITYWEHAVEHADOFHEARING NEWSOFENGLANDINTHEYEARSOFTHEBLITZ. WESHALLBEPLEASEDTOWELCOMEOLDAND NEWFRIENDSONTHISOCCASION.

NoteDate:June16 TIME:8o'clocksharp.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Kevin'sBranch.

Atthemeetingon29th.ult.,

Bro.J.E.Hayeswasinitiated intothesociety.ItwastheoccasionoftheDistrictBoard's visit,andawelcomewasextendedbythePresidenttothevisitingGrandofficers. Adetailed report,givenbytheSecretary, showedthatthebranchisina

soundandflourishingcondition. informativeandinterestingaddressesontheconditionofthe Societygenerallyweregivenby Bro.J.Wall(GrandPresident), Bro.Moir(GrandTreasurer), andBro.Keogh(GrandSecretary).Afterthemeetingvisitorsandmemberswereentertainedatadaintysupper,forwhich ourthanksaremainlydueto Mrs.Hayes.Nextfixture:BadmintonAteamtoSt.Malachi's, 11th.inst.

St.Patrick'sBranch-Cathedral

Parish. Atthemeetingheldon26th. ult.,officersfortheensuringyear wereallelectedunopposed.The quarterlybalancesheetwaspresentedandshowedasatisfactory position.

Followingthemeetingteams fromSt.Anthony'sBranchmet ourteamsincompetitionplay. Bothgames,quoitsandtable tennis,werespiritedthroughout, andonlookersthoroughlyenjoyed asplendidexhibition. StaroftheSeaBranch,Fremantle. Atourmeetingon27th.ult., wehadamatchscheduledwith St.Kevin'sBranch.MissEsther Hughes,daughterofourPast President,waswelcomedtothe branchasamember.TheDistrictBoardistopaythisbranch avisiton10th.inst.Themeetingwillthereforestartat7.30 p.m. SevenmembersfromSt.Kevin's Branchcompetedwithusintable tennisandquoits.Ateachgame theStaroftheSeadidnotshine. TheSecretary,Bro.Kelly,has askedthatallcontributionsfor thisquarterbepaidpromptly.

OurLadyHelpofChristians Branch.

Asuccessfulmeetingwasheld inthehallon27th.ult.Afterthe meetingour"B"gradebadmintonteammetSt.Kevin'steamin theinter-branchcompetitions. andweresuccessful.The"A" gradeteamwerenarrowlydefeatedbySt.Mary'satLeederville. on21stult.Agoodnumberofour membershaveenteredforthe M.S.Council'sbadmintonchampionshipcompetitionsandthe pennantmatchesoftheW.A. BadmintonAssociation.

Atournextmeeting,on10th. inst.,wemeetSt.Malachi's"A" gradeteamathomeandare awaytoSt.Joachim's"B"team on12th. Severalofourmembersandthe parentsandfriendsofmembers areonthesicklistatpresent. Wewishthemaspeedyrecovery. Ourdeepestsympathygoesout toMrs.Battersbyandherfamilyintheirsadbereavement,in thedeathofMr.Battersby,senr., fatheroffourofourmembers, andfather-in-lawoftwomembers.Mayhissoulrestinpeace. St.Joachim'sBranch.

Thehalf-yearlymeetingofthe branchwasheldin15th.ult.The president,Sr.N.Daly,extended acordialwelcometotheGrand PresidentandofficersoftheDistrictBoard.Bro.J.Wall,G.P., urgedmemberstoasktheir youngfriendstojointheSociety, andtakeupthetraditionssetby theoldermembers.

Bro.T.Walker,D.B.M.,congratulatedthebranchontheeffortsputforwardduringthepast twelvemonths.Headvised memberstostudythebenefitsof theSociety,whichprovidedfor thespiritual,materialansocial aspects.

rcisopOpensExtensionsto St.Teresa's,Gwelup

Despitethethreateningweather,quitealargegathering welcomedHisGracetheArchbishoptoGweluponSundayafternoon,May11,fortheblessing andofficialopeningoftheextensionstoSt.Teresa'sChurchSchool.

Aftertheblessingceremony, HisGraceaddressedthepeople. Hespokeoftheimportanceof theworkbeingdonebytheSistersforthechildrenofthedisrict,andpraisedthemforthe successoftheirefforts.Hecongratulatedthepeoplefortheevidentsignsofprogressintheir district,anddeclaredhisgreat pleasureincomingtheretobless andopenthesefineextensions.

HethankedMr.Hendersonthe architect,andthecontractors, BerryBros.,fortheexcellenceof theirwork.Andwhilstthankingthepriestsfortheinterest theyweretakinginthewelfare oftheschool,heexpressedhis confidencethatthecongregation wouldco-operategenerouslywith whateverstepsweretakento liquidatethedebt.

FatherLangmeadthenthanked HisGraceforcomingtothe parishtoblessandopentheextensions,andreadastatementof theexpensesincurredforthenew building,furnishingsandassociatedworks.AndafterthankingtheSistersofMercy,the schoolchildrenundertheleader'hipofFatherChokolich,Mr. RichterandSon,Mr.Henderson, BerryBros.andtheirstafffor theirwork,andthevisiting priestsfortheencouragement theyhadgivenbytheirpresence insuchlargenumber,heread thelistofsubscriptionsalready received,amountingto£2409s 6d,forwhichheexpressedhis deepestgratitude.

Thefunctionthenconcluded withBenedictionoftheBlessed Sacrament,givenbytheArchbishop.

ListofSubscriptions.

£1010s:ArchbishopPrendiville £2210s.:FatherLangmead. £10each:Mrs.Pavivic,Mr.and Mrs.Smullen. £55seach:Mr.E.LeB.Henderson;Walsh'sLtd.;Aherns' Ltd.;Mr.andMrs.Molinari;Mr. andMrs.R.Shore;Mr.andMrs. D.Healy.

£5each:Mr.andMrs.T.Lucev; Mr.Pavicic.

£44s:Mr.andMrs.A.Talianchich. £33seach:Messrs.Kearns andCo.;RedemptoristFathers; FatherDunne;Mr.M.Wade; Mr.andMrs.Talianchich.

Mr.andMrs.PasanisiMrs. Alach;Mrs.J.Somers;Mrs. Lynch;Mrs.Lizatovich.

8s.each:A.Silvestri;T.Germano.

6seach:Anon;Mr.Rao.

5s.each:Mr.andMrs.Zuchetti; Mr.andMrs.Maio;Mrs.Pianta.

4seach:Mr.DeCinque;Mr. andMrs.Philips;Mr.andMrs. Thornton.

3seach:Mr.andMrs.B.Lucev

2s6d:Mr.A.Grinceri.

2s4d:Anon.

2s.:Mrs.C.DellaVedova.

EasterGooseClub:£23986d. MarbleTabletandInscription: BerryBros.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

Theannualgeneralconference takesplaceonWednesday,11th. inst.Themorningsessioncommencesat10.30a.m.ThePresiden'taddress,readingofpapers, willtakeplaceattheafternoon session,at2p.m.,followedby thereadingofreportsandanaddressbyHisGracetheArchbishop.Allmembersareaskedto attendandweartheirbadges.Intendingmemberswillbewelcome. Cardplayersareremindedof thebridgepartyatNestleHouse onThursday,12th.inst.,at8 p.m. DonationstotheD.E.P.Fund: ClientofSt.Joseph,£2;Miss Franklin,£1.

ToSpecialItalianFund:A Friend,4s6d;Mrs.Farrell,5s.; 27Ir.L.Grimly,2s6d;Mrs.Dunn (Kalgoorlie),£1;Mrs.O'Sullivan, £2;MissA.Chesson,10s.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL

NARIIOGIN

NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms.

ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. PederickContinualHotWater installedthroughout.

RodBeaton's Hannan'sHotel

HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

VICTORIAHOTEL

Mr.Doylewasinitiatedbythe GrandPresident(Bro.Wall), whoalsoinstalledthenewlyelectedofficersofthebranch.. AftersupperBro.T.J.Hynes thankedthemembersfortheir hospitality,whichtheyhadenjoyed.AppreciationtoSr.Daly forhersplendidrecordasPresident,wasexpressedbythespiritedsingingof"ForShe'saJolly GoodFellow."

WANNER00NOTES

TheparishionersofWanneroo arelookingforwardtoSunday, June15,whentheirannualfestivitiesinhonourofSt.Anthony ofPaduawillbeobserved.The arrangementsareinthehandsof anenergeticcommittee,consistingofAnthonyVillanova,Santo Crisafulli,andJackHandcock, eachofwhomisconfidentthat thedaywillbeaveryhappyand successfulone.

HisGracewillcelebratethe principalMassoftheFeastat10 o'clock,andFatherLangmeadthe 8o'clockMass.TheschoolchildrenwillsingattheArchbishop's Mass.

Theusualprocession,preceded byanaddressinItalianbyRev. Dr.Sullivan,willtakeplaceat 2.30p.m.,andwillbefollowedby ashortaddressinJugoslavby FatherChokolich,andBenediction.

TheClontarfBoys'Bandwill beinattendancethroughoutthe day,andtheSistershavearrangementswellinhandforthewelfareofthechildrenandvisitors.

Thecommitteeextendacordial invitationtoalltheirfriendsand well-wisherstobepresent.

£3each:AFriend,Mr.and Mrs.V.Gugiatti;Mr.Lulich. £22seach:MonsignorMoloney; FatherMoss;Dr.Sullivan;Dr. Goody;FatherJ.Lynch;Dr.F. Collins;FatherJ.Russell;Jesuit Fathers;OblateFathers;Pellecrini,Ltd.;Mr.A.Gibbs;Mr.and Mrs.Lukan;Mrs.M.Somers. £2each:FatherFahey;Mrs. C.DePiazzi;DeanGilroy. £1lOseach:FatherChokolich; Mr.andMrs.DellaMaddalena; AFriend.

£1ls.each:Mr.andMrs.1. Loncar;Mr.andMrs.G.Skender;Mr.andMrs.A.Vlahov; Mr.andMrs.J.Rodin;Father Byrne;FatherStinson;ot.Catherine'sConvent:FatherWallace Mr.J.Shore;FatherO'Connor; FatherPrendiville;E.J.O'Brien; Mr.andMrs.Banducci;Mr.and Mrs.J.Reader;Mr.andMrs. Frazer;Mr.Lizatovich;Mr. Kajunzich;FatherBoylan;Dr. Kennedy.

£1each:Mrs.Kinsella;ClericalFriend;Mr.R.Campisi;Mr. A.Donatti;Mr.Menconi;Mr.G. Donatti;Mr.Sertorio;Mr.G. Belcastro;Mrs.L.Doyle;Mr. Calautti;FatherRyan;Mr.F. Guelfii;FatherSorohan;Mr. King;Mr.andMrs.Valli;Mr. F.Margaria;Mr.F.Lizzi;Mr. Cr.Mottolini;Mr.A.Gugiatti; Mr.andMrs.J.Skender. 12s.:Mr.andMrs.Pavich. lOseach:MissT.Horan;Mrs. Salfinger;Mr.Lanigan;InHonourofSt.Therese;Mr.and Mrs.A.Loncar;JimGiovinazzo; Mrs.Russell;Mrs.Fitzgerald; Mrs.Tedesco;Mr.Bettini;Mr. Brown;Mrs.Frawley;Mr.and Mrs.P.Beleastro;Mr.andMrs. A.Scarfo;Mr.andMrs.A Skender;Mr.andMrs.F.Belcastro;Mr.andMrs.L.Diletti;Mrs. Ryan;Mr.andMrs.V.Campisi;

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. 'LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

By FrancisGilbert

MURDER

DressedasMERCY

Saturdayevening's"Daily News"cameoutwithastrawpoll oneuthanasia,seeminglyfrom someneedtojustifyitssuperficialsub-leaderofthe23rd.ult. Readersweregratifiedtolearn thatthewholeissuehasnowbeen clarified,ifnotlaidtorest,by theopinionsofsomefivepersonspickedupinthestreets.The featurewascalleda"street quiz,"butithadalltheearmarksofasymposium,unanimousinitspurposethroughthe deftputtingofopinionsintopeople'smouths,bymeansofquestionswellchosenandloaded.

By"MercyKilling"ismeant thetakingofthelifeofapersonwhoisingreatpainorhopelesslyinvalided.Suchtaking oflifeistermedMercyKilling becauseitispromptedbythe motiveofrelievingapersonfrom sufferingorfromhopelessinvalidism.

Thequestionarises:Issuch procedureright?Isitmoralor lawfultotakelifeinordertoescapelife'sburdens?ForChristiansthereisbutoneanswer: suchkillingiscontrarytothe lawofGod,andconsequently.is morallywrong.Forcitizens suchkillingisagainstthelawof theland,andismurder.

Mercyiscertainlyamostcommendablevirtue,andtrulycharacteristicofChristianity,but whenitisexercisedbyviolating theDivineCommandmentsit ceasestobeavirtueandbecomesanoffenceagainstGod.

Forapersonwhobelievesin God,therecanbenoquestionas tothemoralityofMercyKilling. Suchtakingofhumanlifeisa moraltransgressionofthelawof God.Itmaybeobjectedthat theStatetakesthelifeofacriminal,andinsodoingdoesnotviolateGod'slaw.,But,suchkilling isanothermatteraltogether.

Ifagangsterattemptstoshoot ortostabyou,youhavethe righttodefendyourlife,evenat thecostofkillingtheaggressor.TheStateisacorporate body,andtoprotect,thelifeof itsmembersithastherightto takelife.Itprotectslifenot onlybydefendingitscitizens againstviolence,butalsobypreventingviolencebypunishment ofthetransgressor.

Whenamurdererisexecuted, itisnotonlyapunishmentfor thecrimecommitted,but'also apowerfuldeterrentagainstsimilarcrimes.Sincemurderisre gardedasamostseriouscrime, theStateemployscapitalpunishmentasthemosteffectivedefenceagainstit.Nations, whenatwar,likewisetakelife. ButthisisdonebecausetheNation'slifeisatstake.Both capitalpunishmentandwarkillingarejustifiedbytherightof theStatetoprotectitscorporatelife.

IfaruleroftheStateora soldierinthearmytakesthe lifeofanotherforpersonalreasons,underthepretextofservicetocountry,heisguiltyof murder.

Asanindividualhastheright toprotecthimselfagainstunjust assault,sohastheStatethe dutyandtherighttoprotectits membersagainstunjustaggression.

Thetakingoflifebydueprocessoflaworbywarindefence oftheNationisnotagainstthe lawofGod.Hereitmaybe asked:Isitnotjustifiableforthe Statetotakelifeinordertoprotectapersonfromlifelongsuffering?Woulditnotberight fortheStatetoenactlawswhich wouldjustifyMercyKilling,just, asithaspassedlawsfortheexecutionofacriminalbydueprocessoflaw?

Thereisallthedifferencein theworldinthetwocases.Judicialexecutionisthetakingof lifeasapunishmentanddeterrentofcrimeagainstthebody politicwhichhasthenatural rightandtheauthoritytodefend itself.MercyKillingisthe takingoflifebyapersonorpersonswhohavenorightorauthorityoverthelifeofonewho isnotanaggressor.Fora Christian,thematterofMercy Killingisnotopentodebate.It isagainstthedivinelaw.

Whatreasonsmaybeadvanced againstMercyKillingtoconvincethosewhoarenotChristians,orthosewhodonotrecogniseapowerabovewhohas legislatedformankind?

Thereissuchathingasnaturallawandnaturalmorality. EvenifGod'spositivelawdidnot forbidstealing,theftwouldstill bewrongbecauseitisagainst thenaturallaw.Everyoneof theTenCommandmentshasits foundationandjustificationin thepostulatesofhumannature.

Forinstance:Wouldyouhave anyrespectfortheAuthorofnatureifHeallowedapersonto stealyourgoods,ortobearfalse witnessagainstyou,ortoalienatetheloveofyourwife,orto ruinthevirtueofyourdaugh- ter? SooftheotherCommandments-theyareallbased ontherequirementsofhumannature.Thesupernaturalor positivedivinelawis,forthe mostpart,anexplicitdeclarationofthenaturallaw.Mercy Killingisagainstthenaturallaw z:ndconsequentlyunlawful.

Whydowesaythatitisagainstthenaturallaw?Becauseit iscontrarytotheinnatedictates ofhumannature. Preservationoflifeisoneof thestrongestinstinctsofman. Thisinstinctisasextensiveas thehumanrace.Whateverper- tainstomaneverywhereandalwaysissomethingnaturalto him.Whateverisnaturalto mancomesfromtheAuthorof humannature,andtogoagainst itistogoagainsttheAuthorof nature,anactwhichconstitutes amoral termedtransgression,ordinarily sin.Thatiswhatmakes sinsuchaseriousmatter,since itis,whenproperlyunderstooda defianceoftheAuthoratnature.

Naturallawisthevoiceofthe Creator,tellinguswhattodoor whatnottodo.Now,totake lifewithouttheauthoritytodo so,istogoagainstthenatural instinctofman,whichistopre-

runeonforoverayearandcosts theStatehundredsofthousands ofpounds.Whyallthisexpense,andtime,andtrouble?It isinorderthatamanmaynot losehislifeunjustly.

tha'eachtimethatachildis horntheCreatorpersonallyper- formsanactofcreation,butthat byHiscreativelaws,madeonce forall,thebirthofachildis Hiscreation.

servelife.Thisinstinctisso strongthatthegeneralityof mankindsubmitstoeverykindof painandprivationratherthan loselife.

Noticehowearnestlyandperseveringlyacondemnedmurdererwillfightforhislife,even thoughitmeansprisonforthe restofhisdays.Mannaturallydreadslifeimprisonment,but whenthealternativeisdeathhe welcomeslifeimprisonmentwith allitsrestrictionsandpunishments.

Gotoawardinahospitalfor incurables,andseehowthose whoarehopelesslyinvalidedcling tolife.Whatdoesallthissignifyexceptthatthepreservation orlifeisanaturalinstinct?It follows,therefore,thatthedestructionofhumanlife,exceptin justdefence,isagainstthenatu- rallaw,and,consequently,immoral.

But,itmaybeobjected:Isit notalsonaturaltoavoidsuffering?Tothisitisanswered thatitiscertainlynaturalto avoidsuffering,butthemeans usedmustbe

Itisnaturalforamanto marry,butnottomarrythewife ofanotherman.Itisnaturalfor amantosleep,butnotwhenhe isatapostofduty.Andso withregardtosuffering,itis naturaltoavoidsufferingbutnot byunlawfulmeans.

Thisbringsustothecruxof thematter,namely:Isitlawful foramantotakehisownlifeor thelifeofanotherinorderto avoidsuffering?

Somepersons,whodonotbelieveinapersonalGodwhois theAuthorandRulerofmankind,andsome,also,whoconsiderthemselvesChristians,assertthattotakeone'sownlife, orthatofanotherwhoconsents toitinordertoavoidsuffering, islawful.Theycontendthat man'slifeishisowntodispose ofashewills.Inotherwords, thesepersonsholdthatsuicideis notwrong,norisitwrongtodepriveoflifeaninvalidwhoconsentstobeputtodeath.

Theircontentionrestsonthe assumptioneitherthattheyare notaccountabletoapowerabove forthedisposaloftheirlife,or thattheavoidanceofsuffering isajustificationforthetaking oflife.Eventhosewhodenya personalGodbasetheirjustifica- tionofMercyKillingmainlyon thegroundofrelievingsuffering.

Thereisaprincipleofphilosophythatthenatureofsome thingsismorereadilymanifestedintheireffectsthaninthemselves.Forinstance,astickof dynamitelookstobequiteharmless.Achildmighthandleit, withimpunity.Itseffects,however,demonstratethatithasthe powerofathousandgiants.A streamimpregnatedwithtyphoid germslookslimpidandrefreshing,yetthewayfarerwhodrinks ofitsinvitingwatersoonfind himselfinmortalillness.

Itisthesamewiththingsin themoralorder.

Whyisit,forinstance,thatthe State,whichsendsthousandsof mentoalmostcertaindeathin timeofwar,nevertheless,ordinarilymakessuchstrenuous effortstosafeguardthelivesof itscitizens?

Amanaccusedofmurderisaffordedeveryprotectionofthe law,inorderthataninnocent manmaynotlosehislife.Sometimesatrialwithitsappeals

TheState,whichisapparent. lysorecklessoflifeinwar,employseverypossiblemeans.to saveasinglelifebecauseofthe principleinvolved.Itmight seemasmallmatter,thelossof anindividuallife,butjusticeis ofsomuchimportancethatifit weredisregardednolifewould besafe. Whenamanisontrialforhis life,itistheCommunitythatis virtuallyinjeopardy,forifjusticedoesnotprevailnoonecan feelsafe.

MercyKillinginanindividual casemayseemtobeanactof kindness,butinitslogicaland legitimateconsequencesitwould resultincrueltytoSocietygenerally.itmightbeakindness tothevictimofacontagious diseasetolethimleavequarantinewhileinfected,butinthe enditwouldbeaninjusticeto theCommunity.

MercyKilling,iflegalised, wouldopenthedoortoatrainof evils. Ifallowinganotherto killawillingvictimweremade legalthereisnoendtotheharm itmightworkinaCommunity.

Wemustrememberthatin everyprofessionaridcareerthere areunprincipledpersonswhofor aconsiderationwouldconniveat anything,nomatterhowimmoral,providedthelawfurnishedthemwiththeleastpretext forjustification.

AdvocatesofMercyKillingassertthattheconditionsforits usewouldbesocarefullyspecifiedthatonlythosewhowished wouldbeliabletoitsprocedure. Butdesigningpersons,towhose advantageitwouldbetohave someindividualpassaway,could easilygetwitnesses,bothlegal andmedical,toaffirmthatthe oneputtodeathhadrequestedit.

Moreover,infantmurdercould becommittedwithimpunity, sincewithinfants,consentisout ofthequestion.MercyKilling inthatcasewoulddependonthe parents,who,iftheywantedto getridofachild,wouldknow howtoobtaintheattestations requiredbylaw.

Moreover,imaginethedistress ofmindaninvalidwouldbein, ifheknewthattherewasa legalwayofendinghislife.He wouldfearthatinsomewayor othersomethinghemightsayor dowouldbeconstruedintohis consenttodie.Oldpersons wouldbeinconstantfearthat thosewhowerehopingforaninheritancewoulddevisesome meansofhasteningdeath.

Furthermore,evenifallthe safeguardsoflegalkillingwere maintained,MercyKillingwould haveadetrimentaleffectonsociety.People,insteadofexercisingcourageandfortitudein thestruggleoflife,wouldsurrendertotheveryobstacles, whichifbravelymet,wouldmake themvirileandvigorousmembersofthecommunity.

ThefallacyofMercyKillingis thatapersonmaydisposeofhis lifeashewills.Lifeisfrom theAuthoroflifealone.Parentsareonlythemediumoflife, notitscause. Itissowithlife.Parentsare thenecessaryconditionforoffspring,butitistheCreatorwho giveslife.Notinthesense

Thisbeingso,GodistheAuthorandLordoflife.DominionoveritisHisalone.Itis forHimtoterminateit,asit wasHewhooriginatedit.He doesnotbyapersonalactterminateitanymorethanbya personalactHeoriginatedit. Lifeterminatesbythevarious vicissitudesandailmentswhich constituteman'smortalcareer.

Theseeventsoflifearepartof God'sprovidenceandtheexpressionofHispermissivewill. Formantodestroywhatisnot inman'spowertooriginate,isto usurpthedominionoftheCreator.

Man'slifeonearthisatime ofprobation.Thegraveisnot theend,butonlytheportalto endlesslife.Christchosethe crossbecausethecrossisthe portionofeverychildofAdam. Soonerorlaterallofushaveour Calvary.WhetherourCalvary willbethepreludetotheglories oftheResurrectiondependsupon howwecarryourcross.Ifrightlyborne,itwillraiseusfrom earthtoheaven,frommortallife togloriousimmortality.

Thepurposeofreligionisnot todoawaywiththecross,butto givestrengthtocarryitmeritoriously.

MercyKillingistheproposal ofdespair.Itistheavowal thatmanisbutananimal,anda creatureoftimenotofeternity. Itoverlooksthefactthatthe Creatorhasalleternitytojustify Hiswaysandtorewardthose whoduringthebriefspanof mortallifeshow,bytheirfaith andpatience,thatHiswill,not theirown,isthelawoflife.

MercyKillingisthedeathof hope.Iflegaliseditwould breedanepidemicofdespair.

014INMEMORIAM44

COURTNEY.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesouls ofJohn,whodiedonJune7, 1946,andMary,whodiedSeptember24,1918;alsoMichael, whowasaccidentallykilledDecember24,1945,dearlyloved parentsandbrotherofMargaretandBert'Wilbourne, grandparentsofEileenand John,Palmyra. MaytheLordhavemercyon theirsouls.

TheRightto Die?

Whenonecomestoexaminethe"rightto(lie,"one isstruckattheoutsetbythefactthatdeathcametothe humanracenotasaright,butasthepenaltyofOriginal Sin.Inallcasesdeathisinthenatureofapunishment. InthenaturalcourseitistheinherentpenaltyofOriginal Sin;inthosecaseswhereitisexercisedbytheStateitisa punishmentforsocialcrimes.Euthanasiaistheone formofdeathwhichisimposedontheinnocent.The soleoffenceoftheincurablysickisthattheyoffendthe aesthetictasteofthe"fit."Thestrungcannotbearthe sightoftheweak.Asinthecaseofsterilisation,here againisthetragicallylaughabletalkaboutitsbeingvoluntary.Yetthemajorityofpeoplewhowillbesacrificed inthelethalchamberarecertifiedidiotswhoareincapableofgivingvalidconsent.Theothersarepeopleso acutelyillandinpainastobeinnoproperdispositionfor theseekingoftheirconsent.Actuallythehumanitarians arenotmorethanverballyanxiousaboutthesmall-matterofpersonalconsent.Theyaremovedmorebythe financialdisabilitiesofrelativesandoftheStatethanby thephysicalcalamityoftheincurablysick.

Everyhumanitariansuggestionproposesthesetting upofamedicalbureaucracywhichwillcontrolhuman lifeineveryessentialmajorpoint.Youcannotbeborn withouttheirconsent,norcanyoumarryandproduce children.Leastofallmayyoudieinpeace.Evenafter deaththeywillseetoitthatyourbodyischarredinto ashestoeliminate,asitwere,anypossibilityoftheresurrectionofthebody.Again,asinthecaseofsterilisation, thereisnoconsiderationwhateverofthepossibilityofa constructiveremedy.Yet,ontheadmissionofanInspectorGeneraloftheInsane."curesmightbeevolved forafflictionswhichwereatpresentincurable."There wouldheanendtomedicalresearchbecauseeuthanasia wouldsavetheGovernmentanamountofmoneyatpresentdevotedtoit.andwouldsavethefaceofthedoctor 'fromtheadmissionoffailure.Itwouldalsogreatly facilitatethemedicalcourseoftrainingasquiteanumber :ofdiseasescouldbel*acketedunderthegeneralcure"euthanasia."

Presumably,adoctorwouldreceivethesamefeefora deathasforacure,andthoughitmightnotbeaslucrative asaprolongeddisease,itwouldyethavecompensationsin thetotalabsenceofresponsibility.Orperhapstheeuthanasiafeemightbesoadjustedastoapproximateto anaveragedlyprolongedillness.Onsuchhumaneand eltvatinglinesmustthenoblemindofthehumanitarian travel!Itisuselesstocontinuewithprotestationsofhis all-effacingloveofhumanity.Youcannotreallylove thatwhichyoudon'tunderstand.Andthehumanitarian certainlydoesnotunderstandthatmanhasasoul,capableofattainingthepeaksofspiritualperfection,preciselyinthosecasesofpainandsufferingwhichtohimare theunspeakableevilsoflife.Ifpainistakenawayfrom theworld,soareallthemoralqualitiesofcourage,patience,reparationforsin,andsubmissiontoitintheunGod.ButthehumanitarianhasnotheardoftheWillof God,norofChrist'sperfectsubmissiontoitintheunspeakablethroesofthePassion.Toputitquitesimply, thehumanitarianisnotaChristan,orhecouldnottalk gliblyaboutmurderoftheincurablysickwithoutapassingreferencetotheCrossofChrist.

AHYMN,ABOYANDAN Suddenlythecrowdwashalted asastrongyoungvoicerangout intoningChile'smostpopular hymn,"0,Maria,madremia." EARTHQUAKE.

Anearthquaketragedywas avertedinaChileanchurchby thepresenceofmindofaboyin thecongregation. DuringafirstHolyCommunionattheChurchofSanJuan deDios,Santiago,anearthquake tremorbroughtcries and screamsthroughoutthepacked building,andapanicthreatened. Bencheswereknockedoveras thefrightenedpeoplesurgedtowardthedoors.

"Themadrushstoppedasif bymagic,"saidFatherFrancis Mulligan,rectorofthisparishin theslums."Possiblelossof lifewasavertedbythecoolness ofthisyounglad.

"TheChileanshavepleasant voices.Thatdaytheywere heavenlyasthefrightening clamourgavewaytoachorusof athousandsingingthepraises cfMary."

HALBERT.-OnJune4,1943, diedofillnesswhileprisoner ofwarinJapanesehands, FrancisFrankHalbert,loving sonofMrs.andthelateJ. Halbert(Yunndaga),andbrotherofMrs.Fagan(Mukinbudin),Mrs.F.Mulcahy(Inglewood),andMrs.LeoGorn (Ashfield,N.S.W.),brother-inlawofTom,PatandLeo. RestinPeace.

-Insertedbyhisfondmother, Mrs.J.Talbert,Yunndaga. KELLY.-Cherishedmemoriesof ourdearsonandbrother,Desmond,diedJune4,1942. Mayhisdearsoulrestinpeace -Insertedbyhislovingparentsandbrother.

KINSELLA.-Inlovingmemory ofMichael,whodepartedthis lifeonJune11,1946.

SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife andchildren. KINSELLA-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofMichael,whodepartedthis lifeonJune11,1946. SweetJesus,havemercyonhis soul. AlwaysrememberedbyKitty andfamily. PALMER.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofWilliamPalmer,whopassedawayJune1.1945.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife andfamily.

ACCOMMODATION. Wantedtobuyorrent,house orflat,bymatrimoniallyminded couple;postscripturgent.Apply J.J.W.,thisoffice.

BOARDANDRESIDENCE. Postofficetelegraphistrequiresabovewithprivatefamily;neartransport;single.Apply thisoffice.

SITUATIONVACANT. Wantedgirlfordomesticduties;nolaundry;goodhoursand holidays;comfortablehome.ApplyMrs.W.J.Wallwork,15BirdwoodParade,Nedlands.'Phone WM1634.

Thegravityofthehousingsituationandthedire effectsoftheshortageis wellknowntoeveryonewho hashadthemisfortuneto besufferingthereby.

Thiswasbroughthometo "TheRecord"inavery tragicwayonlyafewdays ago. Weinvestigatedthecase ofayoungreturnedman whoisinaterribleposition.

Thirtyyearsofage,he sawserviceinboththe A.I.F.andR.A.A.F.,from September,1939,toApril, 1946.

Abouttenmonthsagohe becameengaged,andafter sixmonthsspentinsearchingeverywhere,hefinally managedtoobtaiinthepromiseoftheuseofhalfa house.

Overjoyedattheprospect thatatlasthisworrieswere over,hewentaheadwith thearrangementsforhis marriage,whichwasfixed forJune14th.Thebanns havebeencalledandallwas ready,whenthebomb-shell fell.Hewastoldaweek agothatthepromisedhouse hadbeenlettosomeone else.

"TheRecord"isnotinthe habitofprintingsuchfacts, astheycouldbemultiplied overandoveragain.However,weinvestigatedthis case,forifaccommodation cannotbefoundthemarriagewillhavetobepostponedindefinitely.

Ifanyonecanhelpthis youngcouplebyrenting themahouse,flat,oreven acoupleofrooms,theyare askedtocommunicatewith Mr.D.Doyle,c/o"Record" Office.

0,114.41.4414,414.4P41.414.#000.4.410004....

Archbishop'sEngagements

June8: 9a.m.:ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitation,atBedford Park.

2.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitation,atBays. water. 7.30p.m.:Presideandgive PontificalBenedictionatclose ofFortyHours,inSt.Mary's Cathedral.

June11: 10a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMass,atSt.Brigid's Church,MidlandJunction,on theoccasionoftheSilverJubileeofRev.J.Lynch,P.P. AttendannualmeetingofCatholicWomen'sLeague,at Nestle'sHouse.

June15: 10a.m.:CelebrateMassat St.Anthony's,Wanneroo,on theoccasionoftheFeastDay.

3.30p.m.:AttendAnnualEucharisticProcessionatcloseof FortyHoursAdoration,at HighgateHill.

June22: Cunderdin:MorningConfirmationandCanonicalVisitation, atHolyCrossChurch,Cunderdin. Northam:3p.m.:Confirmation andCanonicalVisitationatSt. Joseph'sChurch,Northam. 7.30p.m.:AttendYouthRally atParishHall.

CatholicTennis Association

Nowthattheweatherhasmore orlesschangedtowinter,many Associationmembersarewonder. ingiftherewillbeaBallthis year.Tofinalisematterson thispoint,therewillbeasocial committeemeetingonMonday, June9,inBactonHouse,at8 p.m.Asthisisthefirstmeeting ofthiscommitteeforthisyear, itishopedthatallmembersinterestedwillcomealong.

HIGHGATECLUB.

OnSundaylastour"C"Grade teamwasashometoStarofthe SeaNo..l.Afteramostinterestingmorning'splayStarofthe Searanoutthewinnersbysix games,thesetsbeing8-all. Intheafternoonthe"A"Grade menwerealsoathometoSt. Joachim's"A"Grade.Ourteam ranoutthewinnersby10setsto 6sets.Thebesteffortinthis matchwasdisplayedbyK.Milne, whowasdown5-lovetoL.McGoverninthesecondsetofsingles,andfoughtbackandwon theset,6-5. OnMondaytheclubmembers spentamostenjoyabledayat NationalPark. Committee. Clubcommitteemembersareremindedthatthenextcommittee meetingisonWednesday,June 11.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

Sunday,8th.inst.,isGuildSunday,whenmembersoffertheir MassandHolyCommunionfor theintentionsoftheGuild. ThesocialafternoononTuesdaywasmostenjoyable.The nextmeetingwillbeheldon Tuesday,10th.inst.Asthere ismuchimportantbusinesstobe transacted,membersareurgentlyrequestedtobepresent.

MIDLANDSILVERJUBILEECELEBRATIONS. Thesocialevening,tohe heldinconjunctionwith FatherJohnLynch'sSilver Jubilee,willbeheldin theMIDLANDJUNCTION TOWNHALLonTHURSDAYNIGHT,12th.inst., insteadofWednesdaynight, aspreviouslyannounced.

June29:

7am.:CelebrateMassatSt. Charles'Seminary.

9a.m.:PresideatSolemnHigh MassatSeminary.

11a.m.:PresideatSolemn HighMass,atSt.Mary'sCathedral.

7.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitationatMosmanPark.

July6: 9a.m.:ConfirmationandCanonicalVisitationatBeaconsfield.

3.30p.m.:OpenMissiontoSeamen,Fremantle.

7.30p.m.:Confirmationand

CanonicalVisitationatCottesloe.

...1104.4,410.41.0.....,

NOTICETOCLERGY.

OILFOREXPOSITION.

Whilethepresentshortageofcandleslasts,His GracetheArchbishophas grantedpermission to prieststosubstituteoil lampsforcandlesduring ExpositionandBenediction. Itislefttothediscretion ofthepriestastohow manycandlesoughttobe used. Priestsusingthisprivilegeareaskedtoexplain thisnewtemporaryruling tothefaithful.

LEGION OFMARY

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace,

Exposition:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentwillbeheldintheLegion ofMaryChapeleveryThursday attheaboveaddress.Acordialinvitationisextendedtoall Legionaries,bothactiveandauxiliary,andtotheCatholicpeopleingeneral,topayavisitduringtheday.Expositionwill commenceafterHolyMass, whichiscelebratedat7.45am., andconcludewithBenedictionat 5.20p.m.

Rosary:

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 p.m.andagainat1.30p.m.Make apracticeofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary.

LuncheonRooms:

Theluncheonroomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m.Acupofteaisobtainableatthesmallcostof2d.This serviceisavailabletoall,and businessgirlsareespeciallyinvitedto-spendtheirlunchhour inthehappyinvironmentofthe rooms.

Wm.A.YOUNG FAMILYBUTCHER

ComerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS.PERTH. FORQUALITYMEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT. PhoneB1416.

CHINA,CLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions andSchoolsSpeciallyCateredfor PriceListsandCatalogueon Application. PhoneB9651.

Kelly&Rodoreda

LateofJOINDYNON&00. 4

CrowningoftheQueenoftheMay

St.Brigid's,WestPerth

OntheeveningofSunday, 25th.ult.,inSt.Brigid'sChurch, WestPerth,washeldtheannual crowningofthestatueofOur Lady,anactsymbolicalofthe homageanddevotionduetoher whoisthespiritualQueenof men.

Thisyear,thehonourofenactingtheroleofQueenRegentwas conferreduponMarie,daughter ofMr.andMrs.AlbertSmith,of NorthPerth.Astheprincipal oftheroyalgroup,Marie'sperformancewassuperb,gowned

THATBLANKFEELING.

Everyweekyoushouldhave

thefeelingthatyoumightwin £3,000.,Anyweekyoumisshavinga"Charities"ticketyouwill haveablankfeeling.Buyaticketto-dayintheNo.366Consultation.Firstprizeis£3,000. ST.VINCENT'SFOUNDLING

ResultofRaffle.

ofaSleepingDoll andPolishedWardrobe,drawn May17,1947,waswonbyLea Roach,136SouthTerrace,South Perth.TicketNo.621.

KEEPTHISDATEFREE: JULY6th.,at3.30p.m.

OPENINGANDBLESSING OFSEAMEN'SINSTITUTE 14QUEENVICTORIASTREET, FREMANTLE, byHisGracetheArchbishop,in presenceofHisExcellencythe LieutenantGovernor,SirJames Mitchell.

13111,1111.111111141.10111111.111111011111111.11111.111111.1, YouAreInvitedtoInspectthe NewDisplay Of BRIDAL, CHILDSTUDIES, And GENERALPORTRAITURE displayedat VICTOR

(PENROSE

CAMERA PORTRAITS

672CENTRALHAYSTREET.

(EntranceCouncilAvenue).

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO ***

TelephoneB4296forAppointments. .siiiimimi.emm

exquisitelyinfiguredivorysatin, withveilandtraintomatch. Herdiminutivemajestywasthe veryessenceofqueenlybearing. NotlessimpressiveandgraciouswastheQueenDowager,littleErnaMcGrade;indeed,the entireentourage(whichincluded theQueenRegent'sbrothers,JosephandVincent),manifestedand maintainedquiteproperregalbehaviourbefittingtheoccasion. Precedingtheprocessionand crowning,theholyRosarywasrecited,followedbyaneloquentand appropriatesermon,deliveredby

Specialreferencemustbemade tothepeerlessplayingofthe churchorganist,MissTrixie O'Connor;totheChildrenof Mary,andtothecrossbearer, JohnBaldwin,allofwhomformedanintegralpartoftheproceedings;and,finally,totheSistersofSt.Brigid's,who,unseen, unheard,yetmadethetotalceremonypossible.

EffectsIllofChemical

Farming

BelatedReturntoUse ofHumus

Ahighlyimportanttheory whichhastodowithplantphysilologyandsoilbiology,is quietly,butpersistently,strugglingforrecognition.Fora hundredyearsalmost,argiculturaltheoryandpracticeinGermany,England,theUnitedStates andothercountries,hasbeeninfluencedlargelybytheGerman chemist,JustusvonLiebig(18031873).Thisfamousscientistmade outstandingcontributionstoour knowledgeoforganicchemistry. Thelastthirty-fiveyearsofhis lifeweredevotedlargelytothe chemistryoftheprocessesoflife, bothanimalandvegetable.But thereisoneaspectofhisinfluencethatisnowlookeduponby manyasofdubiousvalue,namely,theapplicationofhisrational chemicalprinciplestothetreatmentandfertilisationofthesoil.

Agreatdealofevidenceofa contradictorynaturehasbeen presentedinrecentyearsinthe writingsofSirAlbertHoward,E. Balfour,H.Billington,andothers inEngland,andbyDr.Ehren friedPfeiffer,ProfessorW.A. Albrecht,J.I.Rodale,andRev. HenryRetzekintheUnited States.

Itisprobablethattheevilresultswerenotinherentinthe thoughtandmethodsadvocated byLiebig,butatleasttheunrestrictedapplicationandcommercialisationofhistheories, stimulatedbythedesireforprofitsandbytheneedforlargescaleproductionofagricultural productstomeetthedemands createdinthefirstplacebythe expansionofindustryandfinally bytwoworldwars,hasbeenan importantfactorinthepresentdayphenomenaofsoildepletion andtheresultingill-effectson thelifeandreproductivepower ofplantsandanimals,andeven onhumanhealth.Theseconditionsthreatentodevelopintoa seriouseconomicandsocialpro-

themontoanimalsandman.In otherwords,rawmineralsarealreadyprocessedtwo,threeand fourtimesbythesemitesoflife beforetheplantsabsorbthem.Forcingthesoiltoproduceby generousapplicationsofcommercialfertilisershasupsetthedelicatelifecycleofthesoil,contributingtothephenomenaofsoil depletion,theweakeningofthe seedstrainsandthegeneraldeteriorationinthequalityoffood products.However,soilbiolo gistsprovidesubstantialproof thattheincreaseinplantdiseases andinsectpestsduringthelast twenty-fiveyearsistheresultof thisunbridled"miningofthe soil."

Asmattersstandto-clay,the "Organic"schoolofthoughtis gainingonthebelieversinartificialfertilisers,whoinourcountry,enjoythebackingofapow- erfulfertiliserindustry.Graduallyeventheunwillingwill beenlightened,thatexcessive concentrationuponthechemical aspecttemptedagronomiststo overlookthebiologicalnatureof thesoil.-"PressBulletinofthe CentralBureauoftheCentral Verein."

QUARANTORE

JUNE.

Sunday:

2nd.-CATHEDRAL: Forty Hours'Prayer(6th.-8th.).

3rd.-HIGHGATEHILL:Forty Hours'Prayer(13th.-15th.).

4th-MERREDIN:OneDayof Exposition. 5th.-COLLIE:FortyHours' Prayer(27th-29th.).

CARMELITECONVENTFOR ICELAND.

TenCarmelitenunshavetakenpossessionoftheirnewconventatHafnajjordur,Iceland, afteritwassolemnlyblessedby BishopGunnarsson,VicarApostolicofIceland. AftertheDanishconquestof ti:ecountryin1544,theChurch wasoutlawedforthreecenturies,recivingtherighttofreeexerciseonlyin1874.Thereare approximatel500Catholicsout ofapopulationof118,000. BishopGunnarssonisthesecondnativeIcelandicpriesttobe ordainedsince1544.

HITBYLIGHTNINGSAYING MASS.

Apriestwasstruckbylightn:rgrecentlywhileofferingMass inthevillagechurchofVillefranchedeRouregue,southern France.Hewastakentohospitalinaseriouscondition.

Are your eyes neglected?

ring B7326.

SAINKEN&SAINKEN, OPTOMETRISTSandOPTICIANS 633HAYSTREET (nearAmbassadorsTheatre),

ROSENSTAMMPTY.LTD.

61,63and65KINGST.,PERTH

TheLeadingLeatherMerchant WESUPPLYANYTHINGINLEATHER SaddleryandHarness,Suitcases,etc.SuedeSkinsfor FancyWork.

SoleAgentsfor-Dr.Scholl'sFootAppliances."Salvitis"StockRemedies,forHorses. Cattle,Sheep,Pigs,Poultry,Dogs. FreeBookletonapplication. WERESTRINGTENNISRACQUETS.

bleminourcountryintheyears tocome,unlessthedangeris averted.

Inhisessay,"Chemistryand itsApplicationtoAgriculture andPhysiology,"writtenin1840, whichwasimmediatelytranslated intoEnglish,Liebigrejectedthe traditionaltheorythatplantsderivetheirnourishmentfromhumus,thatis,thetop-soilofthe earth.OfthisessayE.Balfourremarks:"InitLiebigpropoundedhistheoryofmineral plantfoods.Roughlythisrather naivetheoryisthateverything requiredbyalivingplantistobe foundinthemineralsaltspresentintheashofsuchaplant afterallorganicmatterhasbeen destroyed:Itseemscuriousit shouldhavebeenpossibleforthis Iheorytooverthrowtheagronomicexperiencesandpracticeof theages.Man'sunderstanding wasblindedbytheincreasein productionwhichtheadoptionof thistheorybroughtabout.The ageofsciencehaddawned.Intuitivejudgmentswereunscientificand'old-fashioned.'Themethodsofourforefatherswere clearlyoutofdate.Forsome time,whiletheoriginalsupplyof humusinthesoillasted,allseemedtogowell,andinthedifficult daysbetweenthetwowars,when quantityratherthanqualitybecamethestandardofefficiency, cultivatorsgenerallyformedthe habitofbasingtheirmanurial programmesonthecheapest formsofnitrogen,phosphates, andpotashonthemarket."

Whatthoseadvocatingtheuse ofproductsofthefertiliserindustryappeartooverlookisthis: Thesoilisorganic,ithaslife,it isdynamic.Thislifeinthesoil isateemingmicro-organicagglomerationofmillionsoftinyanimalsandplants.Theyalone havetheabilitytoprocessraw inorganicmineralcompoundsto theconditionthatplantscanabsorbandusethem,andpass

FiguredDamask isonceagainafeaturein "SUREREST"MATTRESSES

DAMASKROLLEDEDGEKAPOKMATTRESSES.

Rev.FatherBuist,C.SS.R.BenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament wasthefinalactofthenight's devotions.

CrowningoftheQueenoftheMay

St.Brigid's.WestPerth

OntheeveningofSunday, 25th.ult.,inSt.Brigid'sChurch, WestPerth,washeldtheannual crowningofthestatueofOur Lady,anactsymbolicalofthe homageanddevotionduetoher whoisthespiritualQueenof men.

Thisyear,thehonourofenactingtheroleofQueenRegentwas conferreduponMarie,daughter ofMr.andMrs.AlbertSmith,of NorthPerth.Astheprincipal oftheroyalgroup,Marie'sperformancewassuperb,gowned

THATBLANKFEELING.

Everyweekyoushouldhave

thefeelingthatyoumightwin £3,000.,Anyweekyoumisshavinga"Charities"ticketyouwill haveablankfeeling.Buyaticketto-dayintheNo.366Consultation.Firstprizeis£3,000.

ST.VINCENT'SFOUNDLING HOME, STATIONSTREET,SUBIACO.

ResultofRaffle.

TheraffleofaSleepingDoll andPolishedWardrobe,drawn May17,1947,waswonbyLea Roach,136SouthTerrace,South Perth.TicketNo.621.

KEEPTHISDATEFREE: JULY6th.,at3.30p.m.

OPENINGANDBLESSING OFSEAMEN'SINSTITUTE 14QUEENVICTORIASTREET, FREMANTLE, byHisGracetheArchbishop,in presenceofHisExcellencythe LieutenantGovernor,SirJames Mitchell.

1111111111111110111111.0.111.1111.1.1111111u9.1111.101,

YouAreInvitedtoInspectthe NewDisplay Of BRIDAL, CHILDSTUDIES, And GENERALPORTRAITURE displayedat VICTOR

(PENROSE

CAMERA PORTRAITS

672CENTRALHAYSTREET.

(EntranceCouncilAvenue).

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO. ***

Telephone114296forAppointments.

exquisitelyinfiguredivorysatin, withveilandtraintomatch. Herdiminutivemajestywasthe veryessenceofqueenlybearing.

NotlessimpressiveandgraciouswastheQueenDowager,littleErnaMcGrade;indeed,the entireentourage(whichincluded tl,eQueenRegent'sbrothers,JosephandVincent),manifestedand maintainedquiteproperregalbehaviourbefittingtheoccasion.

Precedingtheprocessionand crowning,theholyRosarywasrecited,followedbyaneloquentand appropriatesermon,deliveredby

Specialreferencemustbemade tothepeerlessplayingofthe churchorganist,MissTrixie O'Connor;totheChildrenof Mary,andtothecrossbearer, JohnBaldwin,allofwhomformedanintegralpartoftheproceedings;and,finally,totheSistersofSt.Brigid's,who,unseen, unheard,yetmadethetotalceremonypossible.

EffectsofChemical

Farming

BelatedReturntoUse ofHumus

Ahighlyimportanttheory whichhastodowithplantphysilologyandsoilbiology,is quietly,butpersistently,strugglingforrecognition.Fora hundredyearsalmost,argiculturaltheoryandpracticeinGermany,England.theUnitedStates andothercountries,hasbeeninfluencedlargelybytheGerman chemist,JustusvonLiebig(18031873).Thisfamousscientistmade outstandingcontributionstoour knowledgeoforganicchemistry. Thelastthirty-fiveyearsofhis lifeweredevotedlargelytothe chemistryoftheprocessesoflife, bothanimalandvegetable.But thereisoneaspectofhisinfluencethatisnowlookeduponby manyasofdubiousvalue,namely,theapplicationofhisrational chemicalprinciplestothetreatmentandfertilisationofthesoil.

Agreatdealofevidenceofa contradictorynaturehasbeen presentedinrecentyearsinthe writingsofSirAlbertHoward,E. Balfour,H.Billington,andothers inEngland,andbyDr.Ehren friedPfeiffer,ProfessorW.A. Albrecht,J.I.Rodale,andRev. HenryRetzekintheUnited States.

Itisprobablethattheevilresultswerenotinherentinthe thoughtandmethodsadvocated byLiebig,butatleasttheunrestrictedapplicationandcommercialisationofhistheories, stimulatedbythedesireforprofitsandbytheneedforlargescaleproductionofagricultural productstomeetthedemands createdinthefirstplacebythe expansionofindustryandfinally bytwoworldwars,hasbeenan importantfactorinthepresentdayphenomenaofsoildepletion andtheresultingill-effectson thelifeandreproductivepower ofplantsandanimals,andeven onhumanhealth.Theseconditionsthreatentodevelopintoa seriouseconomicandsocialpro-

themontoanimalsandman.In otherwords,rawmineralsarealreadyprocessedtwo.threeand fourtimesbythesemitesoflife beforetheplantsabsorbthem. Forcingthesoiltoproduceby generousapplicationsofcommercialfertilisershasupsetthedelicatelifecycleofthesoil,contributingtothephenomenaofsoil depletion,theweakeningofthe seedstrainsandthegeneraldeteriorationinthequalityoffood products.However,soilbiologistsprovidesubstantialproof thattheincreaseinplantdiseases andinsectpestsduringthelast twenty-fiveyearsistheresultof thisunbridled"miningofthe soil."

Asmattersstandto-day,the "Organic"schoolofthoughtis gainingonthebelieversinartificialfertilisers,whoinourcountry,enjoythebackingofapow. erfulfertiliserindustry.Graduallyeventheunwillingwill beenlightened,thatexcessive concentrationuponthechemical aspecttemptedagronomiststo overlookthebiologicalnatureof thesoil.-"PressBulletinofthe CentralBureauoftheCentral Verein."

QUARANTORE

JUNE.

Sunday:

2nd.-CATHEDRAL:Forty Hours'Prayer(6th.-8th.).

3rd.-HIGHGATEHILL:Forty Hours'Prayer(13th.-15th.).

4th.-MERREDIN:OneDayof Exposition.

5th-COLLIE:FortyHours' Prayer(27th-29th.).

CARMELITECONVENTFOR ICELAND.

TenCarmelitenunshavetakenpossessionoftheirnewconventatHafnajjordur,Iceland, afteritwassolemnlyblessedby BishopGunnarsson,VicarApostolicofIceland. AftertheDanishconquestof thecountryin1544,theChurch wasoutlawedforthreecenturies,recitingtherighttofreeexerciseonlyin1874.Thereare approximatel500Catholicsout ofapopulationof118,000. BishopGunnarssonisthesecondnativeIcelandicpriesttobe orduinedsince1544.

HITBYLIGHTNINGSAYING MASS.

Apriestwasstruckbylight. nir,grecentlywhileofferingMass inthevillagechurchofVillefranchedeRouregue,southern France.Hewastakentohospitalinaseriouscondition.

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bleminourcountryintheyears tocome,unlessthedangeris averted.

Inhisessay,"Chemistryand itsApplicationtoAgriculture andPhysiology,"writtenin1840, whichwasimmediatelytranslated intoEnglish,Liebigrejectedthe traditionaltheorythatplantsderivetheirnourishmentfromhumus,thatis,thetop-soilofthe earth.OfthisessayE.Balfourremarks:"InitLiebigpropoundedhistheoryofmineral plantfoods.Roughlythisrather naivetheoryisthateverything requiredbyalivingplantistobe foundinthemineralsaltspresentintheashofsuchaplant afterallorganicmatterhasbeen destroyed:Itseemscuriousit shouldhavebeenpossibleforthis theorytooverthrowtheagronomicexperiencesandpracticeof theages.Man'sunderstanding wasblindedbytheincreasein productionwhichtheadoptionof thistheorybroughtabout.The ageofsciencehaddawned.Intuitivejudgmentswereunscientificand'old-fashioned.'Themethodsofourforefatherswere clearlyoutofdate.Forsome time,whiletheoriginalsupplyof humusinthesoillasted,allseemedtogowell,andinthedifficult daysbetweenthetwowars,when quantityratherthanqualitybecamethestandardofefficiency, cultivatorsgenerallyformedthe habitofbasingtheirmanurial programmesonthecheapest formsofnitrogen,phosphates, andpotashonthemarket."

Whatthoseadvocatingtheuse ofproductsofthefertiliserindustryappeartooverlookisthis: Thesoilisorganic,ithaslife,it isdynamic.Thislifeinthesoil isateemingmicro-organicagglomerationofmillionsoftinyanimalsandplants.Theyalone havetheabilitytoprocessraw inorganicmineralcompoundsto theconditionthatplantscanabsorbandusethem,andpass

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Rev.FatherBuist,C.SS.R.BenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament wasthefinalactofthenight's devotions.

BenedictinismRenewedWisdom andCharityinCivilisation

(ContinedfromFrontCover.) ofChristianity;itilluminedthe wanderingpeoplesandnations, recalledthemtotruthanddirect. edthemalongtherightpath. Thus,indeed,itmayberightly assertedthattheholymonastery builttherewasahavenandshelterofhighestlearning,andofall thevirtues,andinthosevery troubledtimeswas,"asitwere, apillaroftheChurchandabulwarkofthefaith"(15).

MONASTICLIFE.

ItwasherethatBenedict broughtthemonasticlifetothat degreeofperfectiontowhichhe hadlongaspiredbyprayer,meditationandpractice.Thespecialandchieftaskthatseemed tohavebeengiventohiminthe designsofGod'sprovidencewas notsomuchtoimposeonthe Westthemanneroflifeofthe monksoftheEast,astoadapt thatlifeandaccommodateitto thegenius,needsandconditions ofItalyandtherestofEurope.

Thus,totheplacidasceticism whichfloweredsowellinthe monasteriesoftheEast,headdedlaboriousandtirelessactivitywhichallowsthemonks"to givetoothersthefruitofcodtemptation"(16),andnotonlyto producecropsfromuncultivated land,butalsotocultivatespiritualfruitthroughtheirexhaustingapostolate.

ThecommunitylifeofaBenedictinehousetemperedandsoftenedtheseveritiesofthesolitary life,notsuitableforall,and evendangerousattimesfor some;throughprayer,work,and applicationtosacredandprofane sciences,ablessedpeaceknows notidlenessnorsloth;activity andwork,farfromwearyingthe mind,distractingitandapplying ittouselessthings,rathertranquilliseit,strengthenitandlift ituptohigherthings.Indeed, anexcessiverigourofdiscipline orseverityofpenanceisnotimposed,butbeforeallelseloveof Godandafraternalcharitythat isuniversalandsincere."Heso temperedtheRulethatthe strongwoulddesiretodomore andtheweaknotbefrightened byitsseverity;hetriedtogovernhisdisciplesbyloverather thandominatethembyfear" (17). Whenonedayhesawan anchorite,whohadboundhimselfwithchainsandconfinedhimselfinanarrowcave,sothathe couldnotreturntohissinsand tohisworldlylife,withgentle wordsBenedictadmonishedhim: "IfyouareaservantofGod,let notthechainsofironbindyou, butthechainsofChrist"(18).

BENEDICTINERULE.

Thus,thespecialnormsoferemiticlifeandtheirparticularprecepts,whichweregenerallynot verycertainorfixed,andoften dependedonthewishofthesuperior,gavewaytoBenedictine monasticlaw,outstandingmonumentofRomanandChristian prudence.Inittherights,dutiesandworksofthemonksare temperedbythebenevolenceand charityoftheGospel.Ithas proved,andstillproves,apowerfulmeanstoencouragemanyto virtueandleadthemtosanctity. ForintheBenedictinelawthe highestprudenceandsimplicity areunited;Christianhumilityis joinedtovirilevirtue;mildness tempersseverity;andahealthy freedomennoblesduesubmission. Initcorrectionisgivenwith firmness,butclemencyandbenignityholdsway;theordinancesareobserved,butobedience bringsresttomindandpeaceto

soul;gravityishonouredbysilence,buteasygraceaddsornamenttoconversation;thepower ofauthorityiswielded,but weaknessisnotwithoutitssupport"(19). Itisnowonderthenthat"the RulewhichBenedict,themanof God,wroteforthemonkswas outstandingforwisdomandelegantinlanguage"(20);andtodayreceivesthehighestpraise fromall.Itisapleasureto dwellherebrieflyonsomeofits mainlinesandplacethemin theirtruelight;sinceWehope thatthiswillbegratifyingand usefulnotonlytothenumerous followersoftheHolyPatriarch butalsototheChristianclergy andfaithful.

MONASTERYACHRISTIANHOME.

THEmonasticcommunityis soconstitutedandarrangedthat itresemblestheChristianhome overwhichtheAbbotorSuperior presideslikethefatherofa family;andallshoulddepend completelyonhispaternalauthority."Weseethatitisexpedient,"saysSt.Benedict,"for thepreservationofpeaceand charity,thattheentiregovernmentoftheMonasterydependon thewilloftheAbbot" (21) Thereforeeachandeveryoneas amatterofdutyshouldobeyhim mostreligiously(22)andinhim seeGodHimselfandreverence Hisauthority.Asadutycommittedtohim,heundertakesto governthesoulsofthemonks, andtoleadthemtoevengelical perfection;andsolethimmost diligentlyweighandponder withinhimselfthatsomedayhe mustanswerforthemtothe SupremeJudge(23),andlethim soactinthisgravematterthat hemaybejustlyrewardedwhen herendershisaccountbeforethe "dreadfuljudgmentofGod" (241. Besides,wheneverimportantmattersaretobediscussedinany monastery,lethimcallallthe monksandlistencarefullyto theirfreelygivencounselsbeforehegivesthedecisionthat appearstohimbest (25).

SELECTIONOFCANDIDATES.

FROMthebeginningthequestionofacceptingorrefusingcandidatesforthemonastic lifewasintricateanddifficult.To theholymonasteriesflockedas pirantsfromeveryraceandpeople,andfromallclassesofcitizens:Romansandnon-Romans, freemenandslaves,conquered andtheconquerors,fromthepatriciannobilitynotafew,andalso fromthelowlyplebians.Sucha situationBenedictmasteredwith

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(34);"tocountnothingmore deartothemthanChrist" (35); "letthemprefernothingwhatevertoChrist,andmayHebring ustolifeeverlasting"(36).

BENEDICTINECHARITY.

breadthofvisionandfraternal charity,"because,"ashesays, "whetherbondmanorfreeman, wearealloneinChrist,andbear anequalburthenofservitude underoneLord. Therefore, lettherebealoveforall;letall besubjecttothesamediscipline accordingtotheirdeserts"(26). Forthosewhohaveembracedhis Instituteheordains"thatall thingsarecommontoall" (27), notunderforceorviolence,but spontaneouslyandunselfishly. Besides,allwithintheprecincts ofthemonasteryareboundby thestabilityofreligiouslifein suchawaythattheyoughtto devotethemselvesnotonly.by prayeronheavenlythingsand reading(28),butalsotolabour inthefields (2'), totheartsand crafts (30) aswellastothesacredworksoftheapostolate.As "idlenessisanenemyoTthesoul, therefore,thebrethrenoughtto beemployedatfixedtimesin toilingwiththeirhands" (31). Butitisoffirstimportancefor all,andmustbeaimedatwith theutmostdiligenceandthe greatestcare,that"nothingbe preferredtotheworkofGod" (32). Although"webelievethat thedivinepresenceiseverywhere webelievethisespeciallyandwithoutanydoubt,when weassistattheworkofGod... Therefore,letusconsiderin whatmanneritbehovethusto beinthesightofGodandofHis angels,andsoletuschantin choirthatmindandvoicemay accordtogether" (33).

SACREDANDPROFANE ARTS.

TOthismostardentloveof theDivineRedeemerthere shouldcorrespondloveofthe neighbour.Weoughttocherishallasourbrethrenandhelp themineveryway.Hence, whilepeopleplanandfoment hateandtreacheryagainsteach other,whilerobbery,slaughter, andinnumerablehardshipsand miseriesareincreasinginthis violentupheavalofnationsand institutions,Benedictproclaims thesemostholypreceptstohis followers:"Letspecialcarebe takeninreceivingthepoorand travellers,becauseinthemChrist ismoresurelyreceived" (37). "Letallguestswhocometothe monasterybeentertainedlike ChristHimself,becauseHewill say'Iwasastrangerandyou tookmein'"(38)."Beforeall thingsandaboveallthings,specialcaremustbetakenofthe sick,sothattheybeservedin verydeedasChristHimself,for Hesaith'Iwassickandyou visitedIlse'"(39).ThusanimatedandburningwithaperfectloveofGodandtheneighbour,hefulfilledandperfected histask;andwhenrejoicingand fullofmeritshefeltinadvance thebreathofheaven,promiseof eternalbliss;andforetastedits sweetness,"sixdaysbeforehis deathhecausedhisgravetobe opened.Soonseizedbyfever, hebegantobeconsumedbyburningfire;daybydayhisstrength begantowaxfaint,andthein firmitydailyincreasing,thesixth day,hecausedhisdisciplesto carryhimintotheOratory,where hearmedhimselfforhisgoing forthbyreceivingtheBodyand BloodoftheLord;thensupportinghisweaklimbsbythehands ofhisdisciples,hestoodup,his handsliftedtowardsheaven,and withwordsofprayeratlast breathedforthhissoul"(40).

Afterhispiousdeath,when theholyPatriarchwenttoheaven,theOrderofmonkshe foundedwasfarfromfailingor collapsing;rather,itseemednot onlytobeevernourishedand strengthenedbyhislivingexample,butalsotobesupportedand viviedbyhisheavenlypatrbnage, sothatitwentonincreasing yearbyyear.

BENEFICIALINFLUENCEOFORDER.

Allwhoarenotblindedbyprejudice,butexamineeventsinthe lightofhistoryandjudgefairly, mustrecognisewhatabeneficial influencethepowerandstrength oftheBenedictineOrderhadin thatearlyperiod,andhowmany greatbenefitsitconferredon succeedinggenerations.Forbesidesthefact,asWesaidalready,thatthesonsofBenedict werealmostaloneinthatdark ageofprofoundignoranceand turmoil,inpreservingthecodices ofliteratureandlearninig,in translatingthemmostfaithfully andcommentingonthem,they werealsoamongthepioneersin practisingandpromotingthe arts,scienceandteaching.The CatholicChurchinthefirstthree cenluriesofherlifewasina wonderfulwayconfirmedandincreasedbythesacredbloodof martyrs;theninsubsequentages theintegrityofherdoctrinewas keptintactagainsthereticsand errorbythewiseandactivework oftheFathers.Inlikemanner, itcanbeassertedthattheBenedictineInstituteanditsflourishingmonasterieswereraisedup notwithoutdivineguidanceand assistance,inorderthat,while theRomanEmpirewastottering, andbarbaroustribesgoadedby war-likefurywereattackingon allsides,Christiancivilisation mightmakegooditslossesand aftercivilisingnationsbythe trutharidcharityoftheGospels wouldleadthemskilfullyand tirelesslytofraternalharmony, fruitfullabourandtoavirtuous liferuledbythepreceptsofOur RedeemerandguidedbyHis grace.Justasinpastagesthe Romanlegions,whichtriedto subdueallnationstotheimperialmothercity,marchedalong theroadsbuiltbytheconsuls,so nowcountlessbandsofmonks whosearms"arenotcarnalbut mightytoGod"(41),aresentby theSupremePontifftoextendto theendsoftheearththepeacefulkingdomofJesusChrist,not withswordorviolenceorslaughter,butwiththecrossandthe plough,withtruthandcharity. Wherevertheseunarmedbands composedofheraldsoftheChristianreligion,ofworkmen,of farmersandteachersofsciences, humananddivine,passedby, thereforestsanduntilledlands yieldedtotheplough;centresof craftsmenandfineartssprung up;fromanuncouthandwild lifemenconformedtocivilsocietyandculture.

(ConcludedonPage18.)

BITUMENANDGRAVELROADS,MOTORDRIVES, TENNISCOURTS

ConstructedorResurfaced.AlsoSAWDUSTTENNISCOURTS. RingW1570forSpecificationsandEstimates(free).

TOMMURPHY

251HAMERSLEYROAD,SUBIACO.

Fromthesenormsandaxioms, whichithaspleasedUstocull fromtheBenedictinelaw,there canbeeasilydiscernedandappreciatedtheprudenceofthe monasticrule,itsopportuneness, itswonderfulharmonyandsuitabilitytohumannature,asalso itssignificanceandsupremeimportance.Duringadarkand turbulentage,whenagriculture, honourablecrafts,thestudyof thefinearts,profaneanddivine, werelittleesteemedandshamefullyneglectedbynearlyall, therearoseinBenedictinemonasteriesanalmostcountlessmultitudeoffarmers,craftsmenand learnedpeoplewhodidtheirutmosttoconservethememorials ofancientlearningandbrought backnationsbotholdandnewoftenatwarwitheachother-to peace,harmonyandearnestwork. Fromrenascentbarbarism,from destructionandruin,theyhappilyledthembacktobenigninfluence,humanandChristian,to patientlabour,tothelightof truth,toacivilisationrenewed inwisdomandcharity.

Norwasthatall.ItisessentialintheBenedictinewayof lifethatwhileengagedinmanualorintellectualpursuits,all shouldstrivecontinuallytolift theirheartstoChrist,having thatastheirchiefconcern,and toburnwithperfectlovefor Him.Forthethingsofthe earthorofthewholeworldcannotsatisfythemindofman whichGodcreatedforHimself; rathertheirfunctiongiventhem bytheirCreatoristomoveand liftusbygradualstepstothe possessionofGod.Therefore,it ismostnecessary"toprefer nothingtotheloveofChrist"

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MONTECASSINO"ahavenandshelterofhighestlearningandofallthevirtues."

Why''Don'tWe USETHEMOVIES?

AnimatedCartoonsinthe ServiceofReligion

ByPAMMACPHAIL

"Thefilmisthemostinfluentialmediumyetdiscoveredforpersuadinganaudiencetobelieve thisordothat."

ThisopinionofPaulRothaone ofthemostfamousfilmauthoritiesintheworldmighthave seemedstartling20yearsago; to-dayitisalmostatruism.

Thinkforamomentofsome oftheadvantagesthatthifilm offerstothepropagandist.Itcan besimultaneouslyshowntomillionsofpeopleallovertheworld sinceitisnotessentiallydependentoneitherlanguageorthe abilitytoread,oreventheminimumdegreeofconcentration whichreadingrequires.

Unlikeabookornewspaper, iteffectspeoplenotasindividuals intheirownhomes,butasmembersofamass-itcreatesmass moodsandattitudeswhichitis thepropagandist'sbusinessto modifyorcrystalliseforhisown ends.

Moreover,thesereactionscan beobservedatfirst-hand;the propagandistcangetafairidea ofwhetherornotthemagicis workingbythesimpleexpedientofvisitinghalf-a-dozentheatreswherehisfilmisbeing screened.Lastlyand,aboveall, themoderncinemapresentsthe propagandistwiththemosteager, receptive,uncriticalaudiencein theworld.

Iamawarethatallthissounds likethepreludetoanotherattack on"themovies.""Propagandist" thesedays-likeJasperandMurgatroydintheoldmelodramashascometostandforVillainof theWorstType,andcertainly therearegoodreasonsforattackingtheJaspersandMurgatroydsofHollywood,whoturn theirpowersofmasssuggestion tosuchevileffect.

Butnotallpropagandaisbad. Initselfitsimplymeanspersuadingpeoplethatsomething istrueordesirable,andinthis senseoftheword,ifCatholics arenotpropagandists,thenthey oughttobe!

Theseculareducationistandsoiologisthavebeenquicktorecognisethepossibilitiesofthe filmasanewmediumofinstruction.InAmerica,"visual education"isplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinthe schoolcurriculum,inuniversity andadulteducationcourses,in thefarmers'andhousewives'extensionclassesrunbytheU.S. DepartmentofAgriculture,and inthevarious"educationforcitizenship"campaignssponsoredby theGovernment,orbyothercommunity-mindedorganisations,e.g.. thepopular"CrimeDoesn'tPay" series.

Themoderndocumentaryfilm, popularisedinAustraliathrough theeffortsoflocalDocumentary FilmSocieties,isanothersignificantexampleofhowfilmtechniquemaybeadaptedtoserve sociologicalends.

Thereisnogeneralagreement aboutthedefinitionof"documentaries;"somesay"objective camerareporting,"i.e.,presentationofasociallysignificantset offactsoreventsfromnoparticular"angle;"otherspointout thatthemerefactofhaving continuallytoselectone"shot" ofthesubjectratherthananothermakescompleteobjectivityimpossible.

Broadlyspeaking,documentariesaredistinguishedfromother filmsbytheirsociologicaltheme, theirstresson"realism"andfactualratherthanemotionalap-

peal,andbytheabsenceoffake effects.Exampleswhichyou mayhaveseenare"Worldof Plenty,'astudyoftheworld foodsituation;LewisMumford's filmontown-planning,"The City,"bothoverseasproductions; and"KokodaTrail,""Schoolin theMailbag,""NativeEarth"and "KnowledgeUnlimited"(thelatterfilmedintheN.S.W.Public Library),allproducedeitherin AustraliaorNewGuinea,and allshownatsometimeduring thelast18months.

Naturally,thesedevelopments havearousedagreatdealofinterestinreligiouscircles.If filmscanbeusedsosuccessfully intheserviceofscienceandeducationandsociology,whyshould nottheybeharnessedtothe serviceofreligiontoo?Accordingly,"ReligiousFilmSocieties" havesprungupallovertheworld e.g.-inAustralia-theCatholic filmgroupsconductedbythe LadiesoftheGrail,andtheProtestantReligiousFilmSociety recentlysetupinMelbourne.

Ideally,itshouldbepossible foranumberofsuchsocietiesto combinetheirresources,co-opt theservicesofthebestactors directorsandtechniciansavailable,andproducetheirownpictures.Ideallyagain,thesepicturesshouldsimultaneously measureuptoHollywoodboxofficestandardsandstandardsof Christianmorality,afeatwhich Hollywooditselfhasshowntobe quitepracticable-forHollywood. Andthere,ofcourse,liestherub. Untilwecanfloatafilmcompany withenoughmoneybehinditto competewithpurelyprofit-makingconcerns,wemustleavethe productionof"religiousfilms" intheirhands-whichmeansthat wemustfeelgratefulfortheoccasionalandwatereddownversionsofChristianbeliefwhich areallthatHollywoodthinks thebox-officewillstand.

Unsatisfactoryasitis,thisis asituationwhichwejusthaveto accept.Weshouldliketomake ourownfilmstories,documentaries,ourownversionsof"Crime Doesn'tPay,"ourownsociologicalandhistoricalfilmsbutwe lackthemeanstoproducethem atanythingliketheleveloftechnicalcompetencethatthemodernmovie-goerdemands.

Inthisfield,technicallyinferiorwork-crudeacting,bad photography,clumsydirection, eithersinglyorcombined-will oftenbringaboutexactlytheoppositeeffecttothatintended. Peopledon'tmindbeingsuccessfully"gotat"whentheygoto thepictures;butifthespell doesn'twork,iftheillusionof realityatanypointwearsthin akindofaudience-resistanceis builtupwhichusuallyissuesin awave'oflaughter.

Youseethishappensometimes duringaparticularlyharrowing tragedyscene,whensometiny slipindirectionsendsthewhole thingtumblingdownintofarce. Andsincepeoplearenotably morewillingtobeharrowedby romantictragedythanbyconcern fortheirsouls,thecareneededin theproductionandactingof moral"propagandist"films-if theyarenottodefeattheirown purposeissomuchthegreater.

Itdoesn'tmatterifpeople laughatTyronePowermaking lovetoLanaTurner-'infact, thatmightberatheragoodthing Butitdoesmatterifpeople laughattheTwentiethCentury CatholicFilmCo'sproduction "SinDoesn'tPay!"Andif,with ourlimitedresources,weproduce

suchafilm,itisextremelyprobablethattheywould.

Sofarthepositiondoesn'tlook verypromising.Itseems,toothat howevertheimpassemayberesolvedinthefuture-perhapsby theconversionofamulti-millionairefilmmagnate-itistoAmeri. caorEuropethatwemustlook fornewdevelopments,sincethey aresomuchmore"up"inthese mattersthanweareinAustralia.

Butthereis,Ibelieve,onepossiblekindofreligiousfilmto whichnoneoftheseconsiderationsapplies;i.e.itcouldbe producedcheaply;itwouldrequirenogreattechnicalresources itcouldbe withoutflagrantlyamateurish alienatingthesympathiesoftheaudience,and,finally,thereisnoreasonwhyitshould awaitaleadfromAmerica-it couldbetriedouthereandnow inSydney. Iamthinkingof theanimatedcartoon,themagicallyimprobableworldofMickey Mouse,DonaldDuckandPluto.

athomeananimatedcartoon completeineverydetail,evento thefinishingofthefilm,withlittletroubleorexpense,andemploying,forthemostpart,such accessoriesasaretobefoundin mosthouseholds.Thefunand enjoymenttobederivedfrom makingafilmofthiskindare wellworththemoderateexpenditureoftimeandeffortrequired."

Now,thisarticlewaswritten over20yearsago,whentheanimatedcartoonwassilent,jerky, andblackandwhite.Amodern sound-synchronisedDisneyor Fleisherfilminvolvesthecollaborationofabout400highly-skilledartistsandtechnicians,and quiteapartfromcostisasmuch beyondthecompetenceofan amateurfilmgroupasthebuildingofSydneyBridgetothe ownerofaMeccanoset.

isttheoryofabstraction,Ican thinkofnothingsoapt,orsoilluminatingasthesmileofthe d'sappearingCheshirecatin "AliceinWonderland!"

Thepeculiarvirtueoftheanimatedcartoonisitsabilityto personifyabstractions,andto telescopetimeanddistance.

Asamediumforgivingrealityandcolourtostatisticalinformationwhich,initself,may conveylittletotheimagination, itisquiteunrivalled.

Atfirstsight,thissuggestion mightseemasimprobableand absurdasMickeyMousehimself. Butisit?Listentowhatother peoplehavesaid:"Theanimated drawing,"writesaFrenchtheatrecritic,"isprovingbeyond anypossiblediscussionitssup eriorityovereveryothercinematographicformula.Doesn'tit permit,withouttheexpenseof detailedreconstructionorseem ery,themostunlimited,themost extravagant,thefreestflightsof imagination?Doesn'titpermittheexpressionofthewildestconceptionswithoutrestraint, or,betterstill,intangible form. Theanimateddrawingoffersenormouspossibilities ofexpression.Inthefolklore ofeverycountry,inthepoetic patrimonyofthehumanrace, thereremainhiddeninexhaustibleminesofstillunexplored treasures.Iftheanimated drawingwishedtohunttherefor anewformulaofexpression,it cou'dcompletelychangethedirectionithastaken,andceaseto remainmerelytheamusingparodiesofMickey,FelixandFlip."

Thatisoneaspect.Now, lookatthisletterwhichappear. edintheAmericanperiodical, "TheNewRepublic":"Outof hundredsofanimatedcartoons,I canrecallonlytwoorthree whichwerewhollybad;and eventheimitativeonesandthose lackinginingenuitygavesame s(,rtofpleasure.Thissuggests thatsomethingintheformitselfisasatisfactiontous.And thatsatisfaction,Ithink,isour pleasureinmagic,inseeingthe impossiblehappen."

Finally,hereisanextract fromanarticlein"American Photography":"Anyonepossessingoneofthepopularlowpricedmotionpicturecameras builtforamateurusecanmake

Nevertheless,Istillthinkthat themoreprimitive"home-made" cartoonhasalmostinfinitepossibilities,notsomuchformoral "propagandist"purposes-althoughitcouldbeusefulhere, too,asIshalltrytoshow-but asplaineverydayteachingaids. Therearecountlesswaysin whichthismethodcouldbeused togivechildrenamorevivid understandingofCatholicdoe. trine.Noristhekindergarten theonlyfieldforexperiment. TheMickeyMousemediumhas, toquoteRotheagain,"anim. mediateappealtoanytypeof audience,"andthereisnodoubt thatifitprovedahelpfuladjuncttothestudyofsucha"dry" andabstractstudyasphilosophy, forinstance,itwouldbewelcomedbyteachersandstudents alikewithopenarms.Asamat. teroffact,Ibelievethatphil. osophy-particularlymetaphysics-opensupthemostexciting possibilitiesofall.

Catholicdoctrineisconsonant withsoundmetaphysics,andif morepeopleweremetaphysiciansIthinkthatmorepeople wouldbeCatholics.Unfortunately,thesubjectistooabstract tobepopular,andnotmany eitherinsideoroutsidethe Churchwilltakethetroubleto studyit,evenwhensuchanimportantissueasbeliefintheexistenceofGodisatstake.

Now,imaginethetimethata CatholicfilmgroupweretoadvertisetheirintentionofprovingtheexistenceofGodonthe screen.Ithinkthatthismight easily"ropein"quiteanaudi ence-larger,atanyrate,than thatusuallypresentatordinary lecturesonthesamesubject.

Itwouldtaketoolongtosug gesthow,inmyopinion,thecosmologicalargumentcouldbe convincinglyandentertainingly explainedbypictorialanalogy, Someofyoumayatoncethink oftheoldelephant,Indian,tortoise,illustration,orthedrainpipeexampleinHeydon'sbook, "TheGodofReason,"orthe clockandthecobberinJoyce's "NaturalTheology."Andthese suggestotherfamousanalogies inotherbranchesofphilosophy, e.g.,onecanimagineanexcellent"FreeWill"cartooncentringaroundthedismalplightsof Buridan'sass,othersfeaturing Hume'sbilliardballs,Descartes' pieceofwax,Dr.Johnsonrefutingphilosophicalidealismby stubbinghistoeonaboulder, Locke's"cleanslate"theory, Plato'scave,Zeno'sracecourse, Heraclitus'river,Kane's"sausage-machine"ofcategories,and soon,adinfinitum.Andasfor abrightillustrationoftheThom-

Yonmusthaveseensomeof theclever,animatedgraphs,illustratingworldwheatexports perhaps,nwhichtoysteamers sailfromNewYorktoCalaisin amatterofseconds,andfleetsof aeroplanesarearrestedinmidflight,sothatyoucancount them,andthenspedontheirway. Thistechniquewouldbehighly useful,Ishouldthink,inPropagationoftheFaithcampaigns, asasupplementtothelecturing missionary's"magiclantern" which-itmustbeconfessedhasformanypeoplerather drearyassociations.

Again,onecouldillustrate, withoutirreverence,thefactthat thereisnomomentoftheday inwhichMassisn'tbeingofferedsomewhereintheworld-for example,bydepictingaslowlyrevolvingearth,wreathed,ifyou like,inwispsofcloud,themain continentoutlinesvisible,anda chaliceorsanctuarybellorsome othersuitablesymbolsuccessivelyappearingatdifferentpoints toindicatethecelebrationof Mass.Thesamedevicecould beusedtobringhomethestartlingtruththatsomanypeople (Iforgetthelatestestimate)die everytimetheclockticks-the moral,ofcourse,being,"Itmay beyounext!"

Itseemstomethatthemore onethinksofthepartthatthis techniquecouldplayintheeducationalandapostolictaskofthe Church,themoreinterestingpossibilitiesopenup.Ifitwere tried,nodoubt,thefirstexperimentswouldbecrudeanduncertain;thequestionofsynchronisingsuitablecommentariesto eachfilmwouldpresentobvious difficulties,whichcouldonlybe solvedbypatienttrialandex perience.ButIknowthatthis particulardifficultyisnotinsuperable,ifonlybecauseIknow someonewhomadeaboyhood hobbyoutofproducinghisown animatedcartoons,whichhe synchronised-amuchmoredifficultfeat-tosymphonicmusic.

Furthermore,itseemslikely thatthesheernoveltyoftheidea wouldsustainaudienceinterest duringtheinitialexperimental stages.Peoplewouldlaugh, perhaps,ifBuridan'sasslooked likeasheepdogandjerkedabout thescreenlikeajack-in-the-box, butIshouldbeverysurprisedif thatputthemoffgoingtosee the"nextattraction"advertised -ifonlyforfun.AndIdon't believethatinmostcasesthat sortoffunwouldspoilthe"propaganda"ordidacticvalueofthe filmsintheleast.

Atanyrate,thereistheidea foryourconsideration.Incase itshouldmeettheeyeofany amateurfilmenthusiastswho mightcaretogiveitatrial,I suggestthattheyhavealookat the"AnimatedCartoon"catalogueintheResearchDepartmentoftheN.S.W.PublicLibrary.Itisneitherexhaustivenor up-to-date,butitdoes,Ithink, provideallthetechnicalinformationneededtoputtheabovesuggestionsintoeffect.

ARESURETOHAVESOMETHINGTOSUITYOURREQUIREMENTS.

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ASSETSEXCEED£2,000,000. SAFEGUARDTHEFUTURE. Effectan"A,C.A."PolicynowandshareIntheCompany'sprosperity,

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A.C.A.Building,270.272Queen Street,Brisbane. RF.MclICGII,RwsidenSecretary

WESTERNAUSTRALIA: WarwickHouse,St.George'sTerrace,Perth. P.ENGLEBRECIITResident Secretary.,

June:

Y.C.W.-N.C.G.M.SOCIAL CALENDAR.

Friday,13th.:Dance,Leederville. Saturday,14th.:Dance,West Perth;Dance,Claremont.

Saturday,7th.:Dance,Subiaco. HEADQUARTERS.

MeetingstobeheldatHeadquartersduringmonthofJune:

Thursday,12:7p.m.,Y.C.W. Executive.

Thursday,19th.:8p.m.:Y.C.W. Council.

Thursday,26th.:7p.m.:y.c.w

Executive.

Thursday,26th.:8p.m.:Y.C.W. SportsCouncil.

BASKETBALLASSOCIATION.

AnothercourthasbeenacquiredforusebytheAssociation, andwemustthanktheSistersat theConventofMercy,Victoria Park,forhavingthecourtrepairedandmarkedinreadiness forusebythe7th.inst.,approximately.

Theplayon31st.ult.was quitegood,butthefootwork mustbeimproved.Captainsand coachesareaskedtodevotemore timeatpracticematchestoexplainingtherulesonprogression andfootworkgeneraly.

Fixtures-Saturday.June14.

"Firsts": 1 Nedlands1v.Subiaco1 at Highgate,2p.m,J.Sutton., Leederville1v.Fremantle1,at Nedlands,3.30p.m.M.Gray.

Maylands1v.Highgate1,at Highgate,3.30p.m.L.King. Westferth1v.Cathedral1, atNedlands,2p.m.I.Boylan.

Midland1,bye.

"Seconds":

Highgate2v.Maylands2.at Highgate,3.30p.m.J.Sutton.

Cathedral2v.WestPerth2, atHighgate,2p.m.L.King.

Highgate3v.Subiaco2,at Nedlands,2p.m.M.Gray. Cathedral3v.Fremantle2,at Nedlands,3.30p.m.I.Boylan.

Results-Saturday,May31.

WCACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St George'sTerrace,Perth. 'Phone:B2546.

FOOTBALL.

Permissionhasbeengrantedto startourfootballcompetition, anditishopedallbrancheswill fieldfullsidesintheirrespective matches.

Sunday,June8:Matcheswill beplayedaccordingtothefixtures'listgiventothesports councildelegates.

Claremonthaswithdrawnits teamfromthecompetition,their placebeingfilledbyShenton Park;whilstFremantlehavereplacedCottesloe.Allbranches arerequestedtomakenoteof thesechangesontheirlist.

Thisweek'sfixtures:

Cathedralv.Leederville,at Cathedral.

WestPerthv.Midland,atMidland.

VictoriaParkv.Highgate,at VictoriaPark.

Subiacov.ShentonPark,at Subiaco.

Fremantle,bye.

Sunday,15th.: ShentonParkv.Cathedral,at ShentonPark.

MidlandJunctionv.Victoria Park,atMidland.

Highgatev.Subiaco,atHighgate. Leedervillev.Fremantle,at Leederville.

WestPerth,bye.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

WithJuly3fastapproaching, allmembersoftheY.C.W.and N.C.G.M.arehardatpractice,in preparationforourrandconcert.Withthiseventinview theboys'movementhavegranted useofthehallforpracticesand rehearsals onthealternate Tuesdaynightstotheirmeetings. Soallmembersareaskedtomake fulluseofthisbyattendingon the10th.andrunningthrough thevariousitems.

SHENTONPARKBRANCH.

Atthelastgeneralmeeting bothatabletennisandadarts tournamentwereheld.Nominationswereparticularlyheavyin thedarts,butneverthelessthe tournamentwasfinalised,theultimatewinnersbeingK.Sheehan, whoplayedskilfullythroughout, tofinallyweardownthestiffopposition.Thetabletennisseries hasnotyetconcluded,andifthe playsofarisanycriterion,there willbesomekeenbattlesbefore thefinalroundisplayed.

CLAREMONTBRANCH. TableTennis. Remainingmatchesforthefirst roundare:v.BoansatClaremont,June11;v.WA.Trustees, atW.A.Trustees.

General.

ThirdOrderofSt.Francis

Atthemonthlymeetingofthe Orderheldon1st.inst.,reports werereceivedfromthevarious committees.Itwasparticularly notedthattheannual"athome" oftheSocialClubwillbeheldin theCathedralHallat2.30p.m. onWednesday,11th.inst.This istheoccasiononwhichmembersofWomen'sGuildsofother denominationsareinvitedtopartakeofourhospitality,andthus learnmoreaboutourOrderand ourCatholicFaith.Atalkwill begivenbySr.C.McDonnell, andafternoonteawillbeserved.

Booksareurgentlyrequired forthelibraryatNazareth House.Donationsshouldbeleft attheLegionofMaryRooms,65 St.George'sTerrace.

Aftertherecitationofthe Office,FatherMcBridespokeon devotiontotheSacredHeart.

RACINGSELECTIONS

W.A.T.C.

Saturday,June7,1947. MerredinHandicap:Talimar,1; Joyette,2;Gratuity,3. CunderdinHandicap:ElArena, 1;Relate,2;Laroette,3. TamminHandicap(1):Pantbee,1;Val.Prince,2;D.Diamond,3. TamminHandicap(2):Isobar, 1;Peer,2;Indemnity,3. KellerberrinHandicap:Arrowglen,1;HomeFront,2;Tony Masin,3.

GoomallingHandicap:Pinocle, 1;GayFlora,2;Trop.Prince,3. GinginWelter:Eulah,1;Yoantee,2;Pr.Brian,3. TROTTING.

Breeders'Handicap:RoyalReserve,1;Mid.Chimes,2;Gen. Monty,3. CoogeeHandicap:SpeedySheik, 1;Theresa'sLast,2;Wilver Pronto,3.

LeightonHandicap:Gentle Lady.1;PeterMavista,2;Novonia,3. FremantleHandicap:Loudawn, 1;Mereche,2;Leo'sChoice,3. RichmondParkHandicap: WinsomeBobbie,1;Ljla'sWalla, 2;JohnnieRobert,3. SouthBeachHandicap:Walla Lawn,1;BonnieWilliow,2;BalgayEarl,3. RockinghamHandicap:Admiral Spear,1;Mecca,2;GayLily,3.

Telephone:B8838:12:s.:WM2223.

THEGENERALAGENCYCO. D.F.O'SULLIVAN.

29a-30PADBURYBUILDINGS, FORRESTPLACE,PERTH.

ESTATEAGENTS. SWORNVALUATORS.

SPECIALISINGINSALESOF ALLTYPESOFFARMSAND STATIONS.

Furnishedby..

Cathedral(1)defeatedHighgate(2),141nil.

Highgate(3)d.Cathedral(3), 42-12.

Subiaco(2)d.WestPerth(2), 18-3.

Maylands(2)d.Fremantle(2), 35-2.

Freamntle(1)d.Highgate(1), 16-4.

Midland(1)d.Maylands(1), 16-15.

Subiaco(1)d.WestPerth(1), 19-15. Cathedral(1),bye. 'Leederville(1)drewwith Nedlands(1).

SUBIACOBRANCH.

GeneralMeeting.

Tuesday,10th.inst.,at8p.m. Adebate,entitled"AWomans PlaceisintheHome,"istobe thehighlightoftheevening. Choir.

Foroursmallnumbersweare doingquitewell.Moremembersareneeded. Dramatics.

Permissionhasbeengranted bytheLotteriesCommissionto conductaraffletoraisefundsfor thebranch.Firstprizeistobe alady'sorgent's.wristletwatch, whilstfiveotherprizesof£1each willbegiven.Ticketsareonly 6d.each,andthedrawwilltake placeonAugust23. (N.B.: Keepthisdateinmindandwatch thiscolumnforfurtherparticulars.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

Itwasdecidedatourlast meetingtosendadelegatetothe annualY.C.W.Conferencetobe heldinAdelaide.Thecostof thetripwillbeinthevicinityof £20,andweareatteptingtoraise thisamountbyraffles,etc.,so eachmemberisexpectedtodo hisshareinthework. Debating.

Thenextmeetingofthisgroup willbeheldatCranley'senWednesdaynext.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

ThenextrehearsalisonSunday,8th.inst.,imediatelyafter Devotions.Thefilmseemsto beofftoagoodstart,acrdthe fullco-operationofallconcernedisnowessential.

KARRIDALEDISTRICTDAIRY

FARM(BY262R): 180acs.freehold;70acresunderpasture;boundaryfencedand sub-divided;amplewater; 4roomedJ.W.B.house,hayshed, dairy,etc. 12milesfromsiding.PRICE:£2,100,including 23milkingcows,8heifers,1bull (Guernsey),11calves,4brood sows,1pedigreedboar,2horses; plantincludingmilkingmachine andseparator. Forfurtherparticularsapply to-

GOLDSBROUGH,MORTAND COMPANYLIMITED,PERTH. BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

GRAZINGPROPERTY (NGN283R):

3.

Sundayevenings,afterDevotions.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Social:Dance,June13.

GeneralMeeting:June11.

Rehearsal:Asthelongweekendwasfineandsunny,wewere enabledtofilmmanyscenes,thus drawingusclosertothecompletionofthefilm.

Thechorusrehearsalhasbeen cancelled.Onlyprincipalsare requiredinthehallonSunday nightat8.30p.m.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Debating. Plansarenowbeingformed forthestartofourdebating section.Namesofteamsand subjectswillbeannouncednext week,soifanyothersareinterestedthereisyettimetohand yournametoColinCooper. Personal.

WewelcomePeterHoyneto theleaders'groupthisweek,and hopethatothergeneralmembers willfollowhisexample.

Attractivegrazingproperty,in 25in.rainfallarea3,720,acs.comprising2,500acs.first-class,720 acs.second-class,500acs.thirdclass;timberedwithwhite-gum, red-gum,blue-gumandjam; 3,000acs.clearedandunder clover;completelyrabbit-netted, boundaryfencedandsub-divided into35paddocks;amplewater fromdamsandsprings;superior brickandstonehomestead,10 rooms;waterlaidon;telephone; transportpassesdaily;excellent outbuildingsingoodcondition;6i milesfromsidingand70miles fromPerth;1,500sheep,12cattle,12horses,fullplant.PRICE: £4peracre,W.I.W.O.

Forfurtherparticularsapply to-

GOLDSBROUGH,MORTAND COMPANYLIMITED,PERTH. BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

Wednesday,

MISSIONARYACTIVITIES.

FORthemtheteachingand thepoweroftheGospel wasthelightthateverledthem on.NumerousApostles,burningwithdivinecharity,traversedunknownandrestlessregions ofEuropewhichtheygenerously wateredwithsweatandblood; appeasingthepopulations,they lightedforthemthetorchof Catholictruthandholiness.It maythenbeassertedthatalthoughRomebymanyvictories extendedthemightofherempire onlandandsea,still"herwarlikeconquestsubjugatedfewer thantheChristianpeaceconquered"(42).ForbesidesBri. tain,Gaul,Batavia,Frisia,DenmarkGermanyandScandanavia, notafewSlavnationsalsorejoiceinthesemonksastheir Apostlesandconsiderthemas theirgloryandtheillustriousauthorsoftheircivilisation.

HowmanyPrelatescamefrom theirOrder,whowiselygoverned diocesespreviouslycreated, foundednewonesandbytheir labourscontributedtotheirprogress!Howmanyillustrious teachersandprofessorsestablishedfamousseatsoflearning andoffineartsilluminedthe mindsofmanysunkinerrorand increasedthestoreofprofane andreligiouslearninginevery department!Finally,howmany saintlymenshoneforthasmembersoftheBenedictineOrder, whosparednoeffortinattaining Evangelicalperfectionandbythe exampleoftheirvirtue,by preaching,byreallywondrous signswroughtunderGod,devotedalltheirenergiestothe spreadingofthekingdomof JesusChrist!Verymanyof them,asyouwellknow,VenerableBrethren,wereadornedwith theEpiscopaldignityorthemajestyoftheSupremePontificate. ThenamesoftheseApostles, Prelates,saintlymenandSupremePontiffsareinscribedwith lettersofgoldintheannalsof theChurch;itwouldbetedious tonameeachonehere;besides theyglitterinsucharesplendentlight,andholdsoprominentaplaceinhistorythatthey areeasilyknowntoeveryone.

Wethereforethinkitmostop portunethatwhatWetouched onbrieflybeponderedoverseriouslyduringthesecentenary celebrations,andbeputagainin theclearestlightbeforetheeyes ofall,sothatallmaymoreread ilyextolandpraisetheseoutstandingeventsoftheChurch andmaymoreeagerlyandwillinglyfollowtheteachingand counselsofaholierlifecontainedinthem.

LESSONSFORTO-DAY.

Itisnotonlythebygoneages thathadreasontoprofitfrom thebenefitsofthisPatriarch; ourownagehasmanyimportant lessonstolearnfromhim.Let these,firstofall,whobelongto hisnumerousfamilylearn-We donotdoubtthattheydo-to followdailyevermorecloselyin hisillustriousfootsteps,andlet eachreducetothepracticeoforStoves,GasBathHeaters,and HardwarecheaperatHassell's, 559WelligtonSt.B6307.

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dinarylifetheprinciplesandexamplesofhisvirtueandsanctity. Thustheywhoinobediencetoa supernaturalcallfollowedaheaventlysentvocationtoembrace themonasticlife,notonlywill correspondwithitwholeheartedlyandefficiently,seekingthe peaceandthecalmnotoftheir ownconscienceandtheirown eternalsalvationalonebutthey willalsobeabletolabourwith bettereffectforthecommon goodofChristianityandforthe promotionofGod'sglory.

FURTHERMORE,alltheclassesofsociety,iftheystudi. ouslyandseriouslyexaminethe life,teachingandgloriousachievementsofSt.Benedict,cannotbutfallundertheinfluence ofhisgentlebutpowerfulinspiration;indeed,theywillspontaneouslyrecognisethateven ourage,troubledandanxiousfor thevastmaterialandmoral ruins,perilsandlossesthathave beenheapedup,canborrow fromhimtheneededremedies.

RELIGIONBULWARK OFSOCIETY.

Butbeforeall,letthemrememberandconsiderthatthe sacredprinciplesofreligionand itsnormsofconductarethe safestandsoundestfoundations ofhumansociety;iftheyaredisregardedandcompromised,everythingthatpromotesorder,peace andprosperityamongmenand nations,asanalmostnecessary consequence,graduallycollapses. ThehistoryoftheBenedictine Orderbearscleartestimonyto

crumbling,andevenleditbacs tobetterways,beacceptedand honoureduniversallyto-day,then nodoubtouragewillbeableto comesafefromitsterrifying shipwreck,makeupitslosses, materialandspiritual,andadequatelyremedyitsdeepwounds

DIGNITYOFLABOUR.

BESIDES,VenerableBrethren,theauthorandlawOveroftheBenedic'tineOriler hasanotherlessonforus,which is,indeed,freelyandwidelypro- claimedto-day,butfartoooften notproperlyreducedtopractice asitshouldbe.Itisthathumanlabourisnotwithoutdig- nity;isnotadistastefuland burdensomething,butrather somethingtobeesteemed,an honourandajoy. Abusylife,whetheremployed inthefields,intheprofitable trades,orintheliberalarts,does notdemeanthemind,butelevatesit;doesnotreduceitto slavery,butmoretrulygivesit acertainmasteryandpowerof directionovereventhemostdifficultcircumstances.

EvenJesus,asayouth,still shelteredwithinthedomestic walls,didnotdisdaintoplythe carpenter'stradeinhisfosterfather'sworkshop;Hewishedto consecratehumantoilwithdivine sweat.

Letthose,thereforewholabourintradesaswellasthose whoarebusyinthepursuitof literatureandlearning,remem- berthattheyareperforminga mostnobletaskinwinningtheir dailybread;theyarenotonly

forthemonkshasbeenerected recently.Butwhymaythe hopenotbeexpressedwhilethe 14th.centuryisbeingcelebratedfromthetimethatthatsaintly mangainedheaven,afterstartingandperfectinghisgreat work,whymayitnotbehoped thatwiththehelpofall,andespeciallytherichandgenerous, thisveryancientArch-Abbeybe restoredassoonaspossibleto itspristineglory?

HOPEFORFUTURE.

This,indeed,humanityowesto Benedict;forifto-dayit,glories ingreatlearning,ifitrejoices inancientliterature'documents, itmustmainlythankhimandhis hard-workingsons.Weconfidentlytrust,therefore,thatthe futurewillhappilyrealiseOur hopeandOurwishes.Maythis workbenotonlyataskofrestorationandreparation,butalso anomenofbettertimesinwhich thespiritoftheBenedictineInstituteanditseveropportune teachingmayflourishandmore.

Relyingonthishope,toeach ofyou,VenerableBrethren,to theentireflockentrustedtoyour care,andtothewholefamilyof monkswhichgloriesinthislawgiverasmasterandparent,We impart,withgreataffectionasa tokenofheavenlygraceanda testimonyofOurgoodwill,the ApostolicBenediction.

GivenatRome,atSt.Peter's, ontheFeastofSt.Benedict,the twenty-firstdayofMarch,inthe year1947,theninthofOurPontificate. PIUSPP.XII.

ppeasttreworl

toHelpRebuildMonteCassin

this,aswehaveseen;anditwas alreadyclearlygraspedbythat culturedmindofancientpagan timeswhenheexpressedthe judgment:"You,Pontiffs,give greatersecuritytothecityby religionthanbytheencircling walls"(43).Also,"whenholiness andreligionareremoved,there followsalifeofturmoiland greatconfusion;andIwouldventuretosaythatwhendevotionto thegodsfails,then fail trustworthiness,humansociety,and justice-thatmostexcellentof allvirtues"(44).

ItisoffirstandprimaryimportancethatthesupremeDeity bereverencedandHisholylaws obeyedinprivateandinpubliclife;otherwise,thereisno humanpowercapableofcheckingandkeepingunderduecontroltheunleashedpassionsof peoples.Religionaloneprovidesthesupportforwhatis rightandhonourable.

GODOURFATHER.

T

HEREisanotherlessonand admonitiongivenusby theholyPatriarchofwhichour agestandssomuchinneed, namely,thatGodisnotonlyto hehonouredandadored,but mustbelovedasaFatherwith greatcharity.CharityhasIndeedgrowncoldandliesdormant,sothatverymanyseek thingsoftheearthratherthan thingsofheaven;whenceconflictingstrifesgiverisetofrequentquarrelsandfomentdistrustandbitterenmities.

SincetheeternalDeityisthe authorofourlifeandfromHim wehavereceivednumerousgifts itisourstrictdutytolove Himardentlyandtodirectand giveourselvesandallwehave toHim.Fromthisdivinelove, fraternalcharitytowardsour neighbourshouldarise,which willleadustoconsiderallas brothersinChristofwhatever stockor fromnationorculture.Thus, allnationsandfromallthe classesofacountrytherewill ariseasingleChristianfamily whosememberswillnotbedividedbyexaggeratedpersonalinterests,butwillco-operatewith eachotherharmoniouslyandin friendlywise.

Ifthesenorms,invirtueof whichBenedictonceillumined, savedandbuiltupthesocietyof thoseturbulenttimeswhichwas

providingforthemselvesand theirbestinterests,butcanbe ofservicetotheentirecommunity.

Letthemtoil,asthePatriarch Benedictadmonishes,withmind andsoulelevatedtowardsheaven,workingnotbyforce,but throughlove;and,alastword, evenwhentheyaredefending theirownlegitimaterights,let themnotbeenviousofthelotof others,labournotindisorder andtumult,butintranquiland harmoniousunity.Letthembe mindfulofthosedivinewords, "inthesweatofthyfaceshalt thoueatbread"(45);thislaw ofobedienceandexpiationholds goodforallmen.

Aboveall,letthisnotbeforgottenthat,lookingbeyondthe fleetingthingsofearth,wemust dailyandincreasinglystrive afterheavenlyandlastinggoods, whetherwebeengagedinintellectualworkorstudyorinalaborioustrade;whenweshallhave gainedthatgoal,then,andthen only,willitbegiventoustoenjoytruepeace,undisturbedrepose,andeverlastinghappiness.

DESTRUCTIONOFCAS SINO.

Whentherecentwarwasrag-ingandspreadinalamentable waytotheshoresofCampania andLatium,itreached,asyou know,VenerableBrethren,the holysummitofMonteCassino, andalthoughWeleftnothingundoneinpersuading,exhorting, protesting,lestanimmenseloss beinflictedonreligion,onculture andcivilisation,neverthelessruin anddestructioncametothatillustrioushomeoflearningand pietywhichhadsurvivedthe turmoilofcenturieslikeatorch conqueringdarkness.Thenwhen cities,towns,villagesandhamletsaroundwhereoverwhelmed inruin,itseemedthateventhe Arch-AbbeyofCassino,thehead houseoftheBenedictineOrder, wassharingthegriefandpar- takingthesufferingsofitssons. Practicallynothingelsesurvivedfromthedestructionexcel)* thesacredcryptinwhichthe relicsoftheholyPatriarchare preciouslykept.

wallsAtthepresenttimecrumbling andrubble,whichbramblespitifullyoverrun,stand whereloftymonumentsoncemet one'sgaze;closebyasmallhome

FOOTNOTEREFEUNCES.

1.Matth.,XXVII,20.

2.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II. Prol.;,P.L.LXVI.,126.

3.Cf.Cic.,DeOff.,II.,8.

4.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.,Dial,II., Prol.,loc.cit.,126.

5.Mabillon,AnnalesOrd.S. Bened.;Lucae,1739,t.I.,p.106.

6.Cf.,S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial., II.,Prol.;loc.cit.,126.

7-Salvian,Degub.mundi,VII. P.L.,LIII.,130.

8.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II., Prol.;loc.cit.,126.

9.Cf.Col.III.,3.

10.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II., 3;loc.cit.,132.

11,Ibidem, 3;loc.cit.140.

12.Ibidem,loc.cit.,140.

13.Ibidem,II.,8;loc.cit.,148.

14.Ibidem,loc.cit.,162.

15.PiusX..,Litt.Apos.,ArchiconenobiumCasinese,d.d.,x Febr.,aMDCCCCXIII.

16.S.Thom.,II-Hae,q.188,a.6.

17.Mabillon,AnnalesOrd.St. Bened.;Lucae17-9,t.I.,p.107.

18.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial., II.,16;P.L.LXXXVII.,261.

19.Cf.BossuetPanegyriquede St.Benoit,Oeuvrescompl.Vol. XII.,Paris,1863,p.105.

20.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,11.. P.L.LXVI.,200.

21.Reg.S.Benedicti,c.65.

22.Cf.Ibidem,c.3.

23.Cf.Ibidem,c.2.

24.Ibidem,c.2.

25.Cf.Ibirem,c.3.

26.Ibidem,c.2.

27.Ibidem,c.33.

28.Cf.Ibidem,c.48.

29.Cf.Ibidem,c.48.

30.Cf.Ibidem,c.57.

31.-Ibidem,c.48.

32.Ibidem,c.43.

33.Ibidem,c.19.

34.Ibidem,c.4. 35.Ibidem,c.5.

36.Ibidem,c.72.

37.Ibidem,c.53.

38.Ibidem,c.53.

39.Ibidem,c.53.

39.Ibidem,c.36.

40.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial., 37;P.L.,LXXVII.,202.

41.II.Cor.,X.,4.

42.Cf.S.Leo,M.,Serm.J.in natali.Ap.PetrietPaull;P.L., LIV.,423.

43.Cic.,DEnat-Decor.,II.,c.

40. 44.Ibidem.,I.,c.2.

45.Gen.,III.,10

Number11 &IN-falai/WS

REHM

"Bridgedale"isthoughttobethefirsthouse erectedonthepresenttownsiteofBridgetown. ItwasthehomeofMr.JohnBlechynden,who settledintheBridgetowndistrict,orasitwas thenknown,theBlackwood,aboutninetyyears ago.JohnBlechyndencommencedwithsheep, butlaterwentinformixedfarming.Inhis daythemailwasdeliveredonhorsebackonly onceaweek.Goodsweretransportedtoand fromBunburybyhorsedrays,theheavilyladenwaggonsfordingtheriverclosetothe Blechyndenhomestead,untilabridge.was builtwhichservedthedistrictformanyyears, andlaterasecondbridgewasbuiltnearby. MrandMrs.JohnBlechyndenhadthirteen children,ofwhomtwodaughtersdied,and theremainderofthefamilysettledinthe Bridgetowndistrict.

Publishedasatributetoourpioneersbythe SwanBreweryCompanyLimited,makersof SwanLager.

THERECORD

THIRTEEN

MISSIONARYACTIVITIES.

FORthemtheteachingand thepoweroftheGospel wasthelightthateverledthem on.NumerousApostles,burningwithdivinecharity,traversedunknownandrestlessregions ofEuropewhichtheygenerously wateredwithsweatandblood; appeasingthepopulations,they lightedforthemthetorchof Catholictruthandholiness.It maythenbeassertedthatal. thoughRomebymanyvictories extendedthemightofherempire onlandandsea,still"herwarlikeconquestsubjugatedfewer thantheChristianpeaceconquered"(42).ForbesidesBritain,Gaul,Batavia,Frisia,Den. markGermanyandScandanavia, notafewSlavnationsalsorejoiceinthesemonksastheir Apostlesandconsiderthemas theirgloryandtheillustriousauthorsoftheircivilisation,

HowmanyPrelatescamefrom theirOrder,whowiselygoverned diocesespreviouslycreated, foundednewonesandbytheir labourscontributedtotheirpro- gress!Howmanyillustrious teachersandprofessorsestablishedfamousseatsoflearning andoffinearts,illuminedthe mindsofmanysunkinerrorand increasedthestoreofprofane andreligiouslearninginevery department!Finally,howmany saintlymenshoneforthasmembersoftheBenedictineOrder, whosparednoeffortinattaining Evangelicalperfectionandbythe exampleoftheirvirtue,.by preaching,byreallywondrous signswroughtunderGod,devotedalltheirenergiestothe spreadingofthekingdomof Jesus them,Christ!Verymanyof asyouwellknow,VenerableBrethren,wereadornedwith theEpiscopaldignityorthemajestyoftheSupremePontificate.

ThenamesoftheseApostles, Prelates,saintlymenandSupremePontiffsareinscribedwith lettersofgoldintheannalsof theChurch;itwouldbetedious tonameeachonehere;besides theyglitterinsucharesplendentlight,andholdsoprominentaplaceinhistorythatthey areeasilyknowntoeveryone.

WethereforethinkitmostopportunethatwhatWetouched onbrieflybeponderedoverseriouslyduringthesecentenary celebrations,andbeputagainin theclearestlightbeforetheeyes ofall,sothatallmaymoreread ilyextolandpraisetheseoutstandingeventsoftheChurch andmaymoreeagerlyandwill inglyfollowtheteachingand counselsofaholierlifecontainedinthem.

LESSONSFORTO-DAY.

Itisnotonlythebygoneages thathadreasontoprofitfrom thebenefitsofthisPatriarch; ourownagehasmanyimportant lessonstolearnfromhim.Let these,firstofall,whobelongto hisnumerousfamilylearn-We donotdoubtthattheydo-to followdailyevermorecloselyin hisillustriousfootsteps,andlet eachreducetothepracticeoforStoves,GasBathHeaters,and HardwarecheaperatHassell's, 559WelligtonSt.B6307.

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dinarylifetheprinciplesandexamplesofhisvirtueandsanctity. Thustheywhoinobediencetoa supernaturalcallfollowedaheaventlysentvocationtoembrace themonasticlife,notonlywill correspondwithitwholeheartedlyandefficiently,seekingthe peaceandthecalmnotoftheir ownconscienceandtheirown eternalsalvationalone,butthey willalsobeabletolabourwith bettereffectforthecommon goodofChristianityandforthe promotionofGod'sglory.

FURTHERMORE,alltheclassesofsociety,iftheystudi. ouslyandseriouslyexaminethe life,teachingandgloriousachievementsofSt.Benedict,cannotbutfallundertheinfluence ofhisgentlebutpowerfulinspiration;indeed,theywillspontaneouslyrecognisethateven ourage,troubledandanxiousfor thevastmaterialandmoral ruins,perilsandlossesthathave beenheapedup,canborrow fromhimtheneededremedies.

RELIGIONBULWARK OFSOCIETY.

Butbeforeall,letthemrememberandconsiderthatthe sacredprinciplesofreligionand itsnormsofconductarethe safestandsoundestfoundations ofhumansociety;iftheyaredisregardedandcompromised,everythingthatpromotesorder,peace andprosperityamongmenand nations,asanalmostnecessary consequence,graduallycollapses. ThehistoryoftheBenedictine Orderbearscleartestimonyto

crumbling,andevenleditbats tobetterways,beacceptedand honoureduniversallyto-day,then nodoubtouragewillbeableto comesafefromitsterrifying shipwreck,makeupitslosses, materialandspiritual,andadequatelyremedyitsdeepwounds

DIGNITYOFLABOUR.

BESIDES,VenerableBrethren,theauthorandlawOveroftheBenedictineOrder hasanotherlessonforus,which is,indeed,freelyandwidelypro- claimedto-day,butfartoooften notproperlyreducedtopractice asitshouldbe.Itisthathumanlabourisnotwithoutdig- nity;isnotadistastefuland burdensomething,butrather somethingtobeesteemed,an honourandajoy. Abusylife,whetheremployedinthefields,intheprofitable trades,orintheliberalarts,does notdemeanthemind,butelevatesit;doesnotreduceitto slavery,butmoretrulygivesit acertainmasteryandpowerof directionovereventhemostdifficultcircumstances.

EvenJesus,asayouth,stillshelteredwithinthedomestic walls,didnotdisdaintoplythe carpenter'stradeinhisfosterfather'sworkshop;Hewishedto consecratehumantoilwithdivine sweat.

Letthose,thereforewholabourintradesaswellasthose whoarebusyinthepursuitof literatureandlearning,rememberthattheyareperforminga mostnobletaskinwinningtheir dailybread;theyarenotonly

forthemonkshasbeenerected recently.Butwhymaythe hopenotbeexpressedwhilethe 14th.centuryisbeingcelebrated fromthetimethatthatsaintly mangainedheaven,afterstartingandperfectinghisgreat work,whymayitnotbehoped hatwiththehelpofall,andespeciallytherichandgenerous,thisveryancientArch-Abbeybe restoredassoonaspossibletoitspristineglory?

HOPEFORFUTURE.

This,indeed,humanityowesto Benedict;forifto-dayit,glories ingreatlearning,ifitrejoices inancientliterature'documents, itmustmainlythankhimandhis hard-workingsons.Weconfidentlytrust,therefore,thatthe futurewillhappilyrealiseOur hopeandOurwishes.Maythis workbenotonlyataskofrestorationandreparation,butalso anomenofbettertimesinwhich thespiritoftheBenedictineInstituteanditseveropportune teachingmayflourishandmore.

Relyingonthishope,toeach ofyou,VenerableBrethren,to theentireflockentrustedtoyour care,andtothewholefamilyof monkswhichgloriesinthislawgiverasmasterandparent,We impart,withgreataffectionasa tokenofheavenlygraceanda testimonyofOurgoodwill,the ApostolicBenediction.

GivenatRome,atSt.Peter's, ontheFeastofSt.Benedict,the twenty-firstdayofMarch,inthe year1947,theninthofOurPontificate.

PIUSPP.XII.

PopeAppealstoEntireWon toHelpRebuildMonteCassino

IllustriousHomeofLearningandPiet

this,aswehaveseen;anditwas alreadyclearlygraspedbythat culturedmindofancientpagan timeswhenheexpressedthe judgment:"You,Pontiffs,give greatersecuritytothecityby religionthanbytheencircling walls"(43).Also,"whenholiness andreligionareremoved,there followsalifeofturmoiland greatconfusion;andIwouldventuretosaythatwhendevotionto thegodsfails,thenfailtrustworthiness,humansociety,and justice-thatmostexcellentof allvirtues"(44).

ItisoffirstandprimaryimportancethatthesupremeDeity bereverencedandHisholylaws obeyedinprivateandinpubliclife;otherwise,thereisno humanpowercapableofcheckingandkeepingunderduecontroltheunleashedpassionsof peoples.Religionaloneprovidesthesupportforwhatis rightandhonourable.

GODOURFATHER.

THEREisanotherlessonand admonitiongivenusby theholyPatriarchofwhichour agestandssomuchinneed, namely,thatGodisnotonlyto hehonouredandadored,but mustbelovedasaFatherwith greatcharity.Charityhasindeedgrowncoldandliesdormant,sothatverymanyseek thingsoftheearthratherthan thingsofheaven;whenceconflictingstrifesgiverisetofrequentquarrelsandfomentdistrustandbitterenmities.

SincetheeternalDeityisthe authorofourlifeandfromHim wehavereceivednumerousgifts itisourstrictdutytolove Himardentlyandtodirectand giveourselvesandallwehave toHim.Fromthisdivinelove, fraternalcharitytowardsour neighbourshouldarise,which willleadustoconsiderallas brothersinChristofwhatever stockornationorculture.Thus, fromallnationsandfromallthe classesofacountrytherewill ariseasingleChristianfamily whosememberswillnotbedividedbyexaggeratedpersonalinterests,butwillco-operatewith eachotherharmoniouslyandin friendlywise.

Ifthesenorms,invirtueof whichBenedictonceillumined, savedandbuiltupthesocietyof thoseturbulenttimeswhichwas

providingforthemselvesand theirbestinterests,butcanbe ofservicetotheentirecommunity.

Letthemtoil,asthePatriarch Benedictadmonishes,withmind andsoulelevatedtowardsheaven,workingnotbyforce,but throughlove;and,alastword, evenwhentheyaredefending theirownlegitimaterights,let themnotbeenviousofthelotof others,labournotindisorder andtumult,butintranquilanti harmoniousunity.Letthembe mindfulofthosedivinewords, "inthesweatofthyfaceshalt thoueatbread"(45);thislaw ofobedienceandexpiationholds goodforallmen.

Aboveall,letthisnotbeforgottenthat,lookingbeyondthe fleetingthingsofearth,wemust dailyandincreasinglystrive afterheavenlyandlastinggoods, whetherwebeengagedinintellectualworkorstudyorinalaborioustrade;whenweshallhave gainedthatgoal,then,andthen only,willitbegiventoustoenjoytruepeace,undisturbedrepose,andeverlastinghappiness.

DESTRUCTIONOFCAS SINO.

Whentherecentwarwasrag- ingandspreadinalamentable waytotheshoresofCampania andLatium,itreached,asyou know,VenerableBrethren,the holysummitofMonteCassino, andalthoughWeleftnothingundoneinpersuading,exhorting, protesting,lestanimmenseloss beinflictedonreligion,onculture andcivilisation,neverthelessruin anddestructioncametothatillustrioushomeoflearningand pietywhichhadsurvivedthe turmoilofcenturieslikeatorch conqueringdarkness.Thenwhen cities,towns,villagesandhamletsaroundwhereoverwhelmed inruin,itseemedthateventhe Arch-AbbeyofCassino,thehead houseoftheBenedictineOrder, wassharingthegriefandpar- takingthesufferingsofitssons. Practicallynothingelsesurvived thefromthedestructionexcep' sacredcryptinwhichthe relicsoftheholyPatriarchare preciouslykept.

Atthepresenttimecrumbling wallsandrubble,whichbramblespitifullyoverrun,stand whereloftymonumentsoncemet one'sgaze;closebyasmallhome

FOOTNOTEREFERENCES.

1.Matth.,XXVII,20.

2.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II. Prol.;P.L.LXVI.,126.

3.Cf.Cic.,DeOff.,II.,8.

4.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.,Dial,II., Prol.,loc.cit.,126.

5.Mabillon,AnnalesOrd.S. Bened.;Lucae,1739,t.I.,p.106.

6.Cf.,S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial., II.,Prol.;loc.cit.,126.

7.Salvian,Degub.mundi,VII. P.L.,LIII.,130.

8.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II., Prol.;loc.cit.,126.

9.Cf.Col.III.,3. 10.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II.. 3;loc.cit.,132.

11,Ibidem,JI.,3;loc.cit.140.

12.Ibidem,loc.cit.,140.

13.Ibidem,II.,8;loc.cit.,148.

14.Ibidem,loc.cit.,162.

15.PiusX..,Litt.Apos.,ArchiconenobiumCasinese,d.d.,x Febr.,aMDCCCCXIII.

16.S.Thom.,II-Hae,q.188,a.6.

17.Mabillon,AnnalesOrd.St. Bened.;Lucae17-9,t.I.,p.107. 18.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial., II.,16;P.L.LXXXVII.,261.

19.Cf.BossuetPanegyriquede St.Benoit,Oeuvrescompl.Vol. XII.,Paris,1863,p.105.

20.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,11.. P.L.LXVI.,200.

21.Reg.S.Benedicti,c.65.

22.Cf.Ibidem,c.3.

23.Cf.Ibidem,c.2.

24.Ibidem,c.2.

25.Cf.Ibirem,c.3.

26.Ibidem,c.2.

27.Ibidem,c.33.

28.Cf.Ibidem,c.48.

29.Cf.Ibidem,c.48.

30.Cf.Ibidem,c.57.

31.-Ibidem,c.48.

32.Ibidem,c.43.

33.Ibidem,c.19.

34.Ibidem,c.4.

35.Ibidem,c.5.

36.Ibidem,c.72.

37.Ibidem,c.53.

38.Ibidem,c.53.

39.Ibidem,c.53.

39.Ibidem,c.36.

40.S.Greg.,M.,Lib.Dial.,II.,

37;P.L.,LXXVII.,202.

41.II.Cor.,X.,4.

42.Cf.S.Leo,M.,Serm.1.in natali.Ap.PetrietPaull;P.L., LIV.,423.

43.Cic.,DEnat-Decor.,II.,c.

40. 44.Ibidem.,I.,c.2. 45.Gen.,III.,10

Number11 llistoriehromes

s. ea,

6111DGEDALE

"Bridgedaleisthoughttobethefirsthouse erectedonthepresenttownsiteofBridgetown. ItwasthehomeofMr.JohnBlechynden,who settledintheBridgetowndistrict,orasitwas thenknown,theBlackwood,aboutninetyyears ago.JohnBlechyndencommencedwithsheep, butlaterwentinformixedfarming.Inhis daythemailwasdeliveredonhorsebackonly onceaweek.Goodsweretransportedtoand fromBunburybyhorsedrays,theheavilyladenwaggonsfordingtheriverclosetothe Blechyndenhomestead,untilabridge.was builtwhichservedthedistrictformanyyears, andlaterasecondbridgewasbuiltnearby. MrandMrs.JohnBlechyndenhadthirteen children,ofwhomtwodaughtersdied,and theremainderofthefamilysettledinthe Bridgetowndistrict. Publishedasatributetoourpioneersbythe SwanBreweryCompanyLimited,makersof SwanLager.

5Ifst

NS,

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANCOLLEGES

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinall branchesofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolisbeautifullysituatedbetweenOceanand River,inextensivegrounds,withfineplayingfieldsandprivate SwimmingPoolinRiver.

Telephone:F2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR.

mileAWHILE

Amanwhowantedtobeacentenarianwastoldbyhisdoctor togiveupdrinkingandsmokng.

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LittleTommywasbeingshown roundtheZooforthefirsttime, andshowedgreatinterestinall 'theanimals.

"What'sthis?"heasked,stoppinginfrontofalargebird.

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"Andwhat'sthis?"askedTommy,stoppinginfrontofananimal.

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"Coo.Whatfunnynames! Whatusearethey?"

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Allenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheResort,"USMayStreet, Perth.'PEONS:B6960.

"No,"saidthedoctor,"butit willseetnlike."

*

Ananglerwhohadbeentrying tohooksomethingforthelast sixhourswassittinggloomily a,histaskwhenamotherand hersmallsoncamealong.

"Oh,"criedouttheyoungster, "doletmeseeyoucatchafish."

Addressingtheangler,the mothersaidseverely:"Nowdon't youcatchafishforhimuntilhe says'Please.'"

* * * * AHollywood'dressshopownermetafriend,whogreetedhim with:"Joe, 1hearyourshop wasrobbedlastnight.Lose much?"

"Some,"answeredtheowner, "butitwouldhavebeenmuch worseiftheburglarshadgot inthenightbefore."

"How'sthat?"

"Well,yesterdayImarked everythingdown21)percent."

* * * *

Thestrangerhadcomealong waytoanuncivilisedspotin Mexicotofindanoldfriendof his.

Approachingavillainous-lookingindividualsittingoutsidea saloon,hesaid:"Say,canyou tellmewhereJakeQuickfireis tobefound?"

Theotherpuffedhiscigar. "'Ewentaway,suddenlyyesterday!"saidhe.

"Why?"saidtheother."Did hegetawire?"

"Nope,"camethereply."'E gotarope!"

* * * *

Specialist:"Thiseccentricity youspeakofinyourdaughterisn'tit,afterall,amatterof heredity?"

Mother(severely):"No,sir! I'dhaveyouknowtherenever wasanyheredityinourfamily!"

* * * *

"WhenIorderpoultryfrom youagainforSunday'sdinner," saidthemanwhoquarrelledwith hisfishandgamedealer,"I don'twantyoutosendlmeany moreofthoseaeroplanechic. kens"

"Whatkinddoyoumean?" askedthedealer.

'Thesortthatareallwings andmachineryandnomeat," saidtheman:

* * * *

TheProfessorhadbeenlecturingonminingenni-eerinn andwhenhehadfinishedhe asked:"Wouldnnyone1'etoao anyquestions?"

"How,"saidthebrightstudent,"doyoucalculate'h^horsepowerofadonkev-ermine?"

* * * *

MissPrim:"Yes,TknowfhPf hookisahest-seller.Butisit pureandclean"'

Librarian:"Well.ma'am,the hero'sawhitehope,thegirl worksatasoapfactory,andher moltertakesinwashingWbn' mored'yewant?"

* *

Thecircusstrongmanrode outonhorseback1,, farmerwhosegreatstrengthhart gainedhimarenotat'oe enteredthefarmyard.tiedenhi. horseandapproached'hefarmer.

"Hey."hesaid"Peeber.eda lotaboutyou,andhavecomea longwaytoseewhichisth"b`stterman."

"Wheredidyouevergetthat girl?"whisperedthecorporal. "Buckteeth,cross-eyed,bowlegged,andherhairdyed!"

"Youdon'thavetowhisper," repliedthesergeant,"she'sdeaf, too!"

* * * *

GolfProfessional:"Thereis enethingthatImustimpress onyou-alwayskeepyoureyeon theball."

Novice(coldly):"Oh,sothat's thesortofclubthatI'vejoined."

* * Allsortsofgoodandbadgolfersvisitedtheseasidegolflinks fortheholidays.Amongthem wasared-facedcolonelwhowas averybadgolfer.

Duringtheroundhegotinto alotofbunkersandsucceededin cuttingupalotofturf. Afteraspeciallydesperateefforttogethisballoutofapatch ofroughgrass,heturnedtohis caddie.

"Jove,"heexclaimed,heartily, "it'sagreatgame!"

"Whatis?"askedthepuzzled caddie,

"Why,golf,youfool!"snapped thecolonel

"Oh,"murmuredthecaddie, withashowofsurprise,"I thoughtyouwerereferringto gardening."

"You'llfindoutwhenyoustart doingcrosswordpuzzles,"came thewearyreply.

Thecompanywerediscussing howeachmarriedcoupleamong themfirstmet.

"Andwheredidyoufirstmeet yourwife?"thelittlemanin thecornerwasasked.

"Ididn'tmeether,"herepliedsolemnly."Sheovertook me."

* Wife:"Tasteandseewhatthis is."

Husband:"Eh,itiscarbonate ofsoda."

Wife:"ThatiswhatIsaidbutthemaidinsistedthatitwas 4 re::poison."

* * * *

Alberthadbeensavingand savingforyearstopayhispassagebacktoEngland,andas thelinerglidedintothedockat Li'rerpoolheglowedwithpleasure.Asheleanedoverthe sidehesawadivercomeupfrom thedepthsandclamberintoa boat.

"Lumme!"gaspedAlbert."That bloke'swalkedit!"

TheoldGeneralfoundhimself atdinnernexttoasweetthing ofseventeen,andtokeeptheconversationgoi,nghetoldherhow hisgrandfatherhadbeenkilled atWaterloo.Towhichshemade inallseriousness,theresponse: "Whichplatform?"

Twoeveningslaterhemether companion-anothersweetyoung thing-andtoamuseherhetold thestoryofthepreviousevening.

"Thestupidchild,"heexplained,"askedme'whichplatform'?" "Whatanidiot,"wasthereply, "asifitmatteredwhichplatformitwas."

"Withoutanswerine.,thefarmerseizedtheintrede,-hurled himoverthefenceintotheroad andreturned'ohiswork.

Whentheloserhadrecovered hiebreath,thefarmere'-owled "Haveyouanythingmoreto say?"

"No,"wastherenly."hetper. hapsyou'llheroodenoughto throwmemyhorse."

* * * *

"Whatareyouburning.dear?" askedMrs.Gump.

"ThelettersIwrote.0youbeforeweweremarried,"replied thehusband.

"Youheartlesswreteh!Have younosentimentatall?" "Bequiet,dear.I'mdoing thisforyoursake.I'mtrying tofixthingssothatifTdieno bodycandisputemywillonthe groundofinsanity!"

Wednesday,June4,1947.

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage3.)

Communistsystem,ashistory shows,youmustbecomeeithera willingoranunwillingslave.It hasbeenrecentlyrevealedthat thereare14millionRussiansin slavecampsto-daylivingthe mostheartrendingbrutalised lives;thesearethemenand womenwhowouldnotbecome willingslaves,anddaredtoassert theirbeliefintheFreedomthat Godhasgiventoeveryman.

VALID PROTESTANT

MARRIAGES

"Anglo-Catholic,"Fremantle:

"OnSundaynightlast,inansweringaletter,youstatedthat peoplemarriedoutsidetheRo. manCatholicChurch,werenot reallymarriedatall."

A.:"Anglo-Catholic,"thatisa lie.HereiswhatIsaidon Sundaynight:"Themarriageof aCatholictoaProtestant,ina Protestantchurch,isnotavalid marriageinthesightofGod."

Againandagaininthissession,Ihaverepeatedthat,as Protestantsarenotboundbythe CatholicChurch'slawsconcerningmarriage,marriagesbetween ProtestantsintheirownchurchesorintheRegistryOffice, providedthereisnoimpediment present,areperfectlyvalidin thesightofGod.

Iamforcedtooneortwoconclusions,"Anglo-Catholic":either youareverystupidandcannot understandplainEnglish,or thatyouareverydishonestand wanttodeliberatelytwistthe meaningofwhatIsay.

Youconcludeyourletterthus:

"YousaythatyourChurchis thetrueChurch,anditsteachingsaretheteachingsof Christ,soIsupposeitwould bequitealright,andthatyou wouldoffernoobjection,to puttingtheaboveanswerto thatcorrespondent'sletterin writing.Afterall,ifftis true,whynot?Thereis nothingtofear.Yousayit istrueandnobodyisafraidto writethetruth."

A.:Splendid.Icouldnothave putitbettermyself. Ihope youagreewiththesentiments youhaveexpressedsowell. PleaseGodsomedayyoumaybe giventhegracetobelievethem fromyourheart.Astoputting myanswerinwriting.Itisalreadyinprintundermyname, andcanbereadin"TheRecord" ofMay21.Ithinkifyoubought andread"TheRecord"every week,itwouldgofartobroaden youroutlookandbrightenyour days,bygivingyouaglimpseof Truthinactionintheonetrue Church,theHolyCatholicChurch.

ANGLO-CATHOLICS VERSUS PROTESTANTS

"AnotherAnglo-Catholic,",Fremantle: Fremantlemustbethehomeof theAnglo-CatholicsofWestern Australia.Ihavealongeffusionfrom"AnotherAnglo-Catholic,"inwhichheasksmetocontradictalonglineoffalsestatementshehasmadeandwhichhe fanciesarehistory,atleastsohe says.Hewriteswiththeconvictionthathisletterwillnothe answeredovertheair,thenwhy

Stovesrelinedortradedinon LatestGasorWoodStoves.W.A. Stoves.B6307.

KEOUGH'S ForCATERING

AnyNumber,Place,orTime.

ThreeReceptionRoomsforHire. OnHireCrockery,Cutleryand Glassware,etc 'PhoneB9454 GladKeough,NewcastleSt.Perth.

M115$-Telephones-LI4N

MEAD,SON&CO.

FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE

(lidhegotothetroubletowrite atall?Thissessionisforthe verylaudablepurposeofgiving peoplewhoaskitinformation abouttheCatholicChurchorher teaching,notforwastingthe preciousmomentsofthehalfhourincontradictingeveryabsurdcalumnyorfalsehoodacorrespondentwantstohurlather. However,Ishallgivelisteners onesampleof"AnotherAngloCatholic's""history."Hewrites: "Youtoldoneofyourcorrespondentsyouhadneverheard oftheAnglo-CatholicChurch. Idon'tthinkyoucanbeserious,becauseitisthe'Church ofEngland.'" A.:Ineverheardanythingso ridiculousByfarthegreater numberofthosewhobelongto theChurchofEnglandreject theideasofthesmallgroupof Anglicanscalled"Anglo-Catholics."ThemajorityofChurch ofEnglandpeoplegloryinthe factthattheybelongtothegreat ProtestantChurchthatbroke awayfromtheCatholicChurch attheReformation.Theyboast thattheyareProtestants.There isnosuchthing,Irepeat,asan Anglo-CatholicChurch.

"AnotherAnglo-Catholic"con. tinues:

"AndifyouwishIknowmy faith,itiscontainedinthe39 ArticlesofReligion,andisto befoundinthe'BookofCommonPrayer.'" A.:Iamnotparticularlyinter estedinyourfaith,butIhave justreadoverthe39Articlesin theBookofCommonPrayerand seethattheyrejectthevery thingsthattheAnglo-Catholics seektorestoretotheChurchof England:InArticle31,theMass isrejected,andinArticle25.the SacramentsotherthanBaptism andtheEucharist,arerejected, SoIcan'tseeforthelifeofrne, "AnotherAnglo-Catholic,"how youcanevenclaimtobeoneof thesmallgroupintheChurch ofEnglandcalledAnglo-Catholics. Withthesefew'remarks I thinkIhavegivenyourletter anyansweritmerits,and,inconclusion,Ishouldadviseyouto checkupfromvariousreliable sourcestheothergemsofsocalledhistoryyouaskedmeto deny.

CHRIST'SCLAIMTO DIVINITY

"Sam,"SouthPerth:

"Iwouldlikeyoutotellmein whatpartoftheScripturesI shallfindthestatementof ChristHimselfthatHewas God.Idonotmeanwhere HewassupposedtohaveallowedittoheimputedtoHim. butwhereHemadethedownrightstatement:`IamGodthe CreatoroftheUniverse.'I cannotfindsuchastatement. Indeed.Healwaysreferredto Himselfasthe'SonofMan,' andsurelyHeoughttohave known."

A.:IthinkthecleareststatementChristmadeofHisDivinityiswhenHesaid,asrecorded bySt.John,inChap.X,v.30: "IandtheFatherareOne"Or whenHesaidtoPhilipatthe LastSupper:"Hethatseeth Me.seeththeFatheralso." WhenHespokeofHimselfas theSonofMan,Hewasonly usingthewell-knowntitleofthe Messiasthatwastocometoredeemtheworld.TheSonof Man,asyouknowwasoneofthe termsappliedtotheMessiasin theOldTestament.

WHYCATHOLICSCANNOT

MARRYINTHEREGISTRY OFFICE

"Wondering,"VictoriaPark: "Couldyougivemeonegood answertowhy,whenaCatholiccouplegetmarriedina RegistryOffice,theyarenot properlymarried?"

A.:Certainly,withpleasure, "Wonderitig,"Ishallgiveyou theanswer.WhenaCatholic couplegetmarriedinaRegistry Office,theyareproperlymarried accordingtothelawsoftheland andareboundtoobeythecivil enactmentsconcerningmarriage. Buttheyhavenotreceivedthe SacramentofMatrimony,and arenot,therefore,marriedpro- perlyinthesightofGod.You seeeverymarriageofbaptised persons,providedthereisnoimpedimentpresent,isasacrament. AstheChurchistheguardianof theSacramentsinstitutedbyHer DivineFounder,JesusChrist,she

SpanishEvidence

Communiststheworldoverhave neverforgivenGeneralFranco forthedefeatinflictedonthem intheSpanishCivilWar.Only forhisdeterminedeffortsSpain wouldto-daybeaCommunist State,andtheinfluenceof MotherRussiainEnrope,to-day powerfulenough,wouldbeimmeasurablystronger.

Throwingfurtherlightonthe roleplayedbyCommunismin SpanishaffairsduringtheCivil WarisarecentstorybyConstantinBrown,foreignaffairs writerfortheWashington "Star,"whisearticlesarewidely syndicatedthroughouttheU.SA.

InSpainrecentlyBrownwas shownbyForeignMinisterArtaxoalistofkeypersonagesin theInternationalBrigadewho foughtforthe"Loyalists"in 1936-39CivilWar.Thelistnow readslikea"Who'sWho"ofthe Soviet-dominatedGovernments ofpresent-dayEurope.InshowingittoBrown,SenorArtajo saiditprovidedgraphicevidence thatanyattempttooverthrow thepresentFrancoGovernment wouldbeintimatelylinkedwith Sovietaggressioninallpartsof Europe.

MarshalTito,ofYugoslavia, thenoperatingunderthenameof JosipBrozovich,waslistedasa memberoftheInternationalBrigade'sgeneralstaff.ApoliticalcommissaroftheBrigade, BoraNakisov,nowischiefofthe secretpoliceinBelgrade.Yugosavia.KlementGottwald,now CzechoslovakianPrimeMinister, andthenheadoftheCzechCommunistParty,wasapolitical counsellor.

TherostergivenMr.drown showsthattheplanfortheInternationalBrigadewasdrawn upbyGeorgiDimitroff,atthat timesecretaryoftheComintern, to-dayNo.1politicalfigurein Bulgaria.Itsexecutionwasin thehandsofAndreMarty,now oneoftheleadersintheFrench Communist.Party.OnMarty's staffwereothermenwhoare nowprominentinCommunistaffairsinFrance:AugustLecouer, untilrecentlyassistantsecretary oftheMinistryofIndustries,and MauriceLampe,secretary-generaloftheWarVeteran'sAssociation.

SeveralimportantItalians.Mr. Brownreports,actedascommissarsintheInternationalBrigade:GiuseppediVittorio,secretaryofthepowerfulItalian FederationofLabour;Eduardo d'Onofrio,memberoftheItalian Parliamentandsecretaryofthe PolitibureauoftheItalianCommunistParty,andRondolfoParciardi,leaderintheItalianParliamentoftheRepublicanParty.

ColonelTadeuszOppmann,one ofthenumerousPolessentfrom MoscowtotheInternationalBrigade,isnowasistantmilitaryattacheinParis,where,according toSpanishsourcestappedbyMr. Brown,heisrecruitinganother InternationalBrigade.MyeczyslawSzleyena,aformerpolitical commissarofthe.Brigide,isnow directoroftheschoolforpoliticaleducationofPolishofficials atLodz.

"Itisstrange,"theSpanish MinisterremarkedtotheAmericanwriter,"thatallthesepersonalitiesshouldhavebecomeimportantintheirownGovern. mentsassoonasRussiaobtainedtheupperhandinthosecountries.Noneofthemwentto Spainbecausetheyloveddemocracy.Theirpresentactionsas puppetsofMoscowshowclearly thattheyhopedtomaketheanchorofRussia'simperialisticdevelopmentintheWest."

Mr.Brownconcludesthatnow thatsomanyoftheoldInternational"Brigadiers"haverisento powerintheirownlands,they arebusysendingotherpeople intoamovementtocarryontheir oldstruggleinSpainatthepropitiousmoment.Itisnotfor loveofdemocracy,hereports, thatRussiaandhersatellitesare insistingontheoustingofGeneralFrancoandhisGovernment.

IARRAH KARRI WANDOO TIMBER-Allsizesandlengths

JOINERY-Stockandspecialdesigns.

BRICKS-ThefamousCardupred.

PLYWOOD-Veneers,FlushDoors,Panelling. FLOORINGSPECIALISTS-Sandingarid Polishing.

EVERYTHINGFORTHEBUILDINGTRADE:GaIv.Iron,Cement,PlasterandAsbestosSheets. Roger'sPaints,VarnishandEnamels,Kensomine. Builders'Hardware,WireNails,etc.

MILLARS'TIMBER

THEHEroi'

FIFTEEN

Toy ofSicily

Perowasamerry,simplelad, andhelivedinavillageinthe beautifulislandofSicily.His parentsdiedwhenhewasyoung andwhenhewasfourteenheset outtomakehisfortune.Onthe roadhemetabeggarman,who said:"Myson,Iamstarving, givemesomethingtobuysome bread."

"Youcantakemywages,"said Pero,"andIwillgobackand workthreeyearsmore."

"Youarereallyaskindasyou aresimple,"saidthebeggarman, andashespokehechangedinto abrightspirit,"Igiveyouthree wishes,"

"Well,"saidPero,"giveme please,aviolinthatwillmake everybodydance,andagunthat willnevermiss,andthegiftof speech,thatnobodycanrefuseme anything."

ThespiritgrantedPerothese wishesandPeroturnedbackto thefarmwherehehadbeenworking.Seeingapheasantflyby,he firedatittotesthismagicgun. Thebirdfell,butbeforehecould pickitupthefarmerranout andseizedit.

"Well,"saidPero,"youcan haveitifyouliketodancefor it."

Heplayedonhisviolinandthe farmercaperedlikeamadman.

"Stop,Pero,"hecriedatlast.

"I'llgiveyouathousandcrowns ifyou'llstop."Peroreceivedthe money,butassoonashisback wasturnedthefarmerrantothe magistrateanddenouncedhimas arobber.Therewaslittlemercy forrobbersinSicilyinthose days.Perowasquicklyarrested, triedandcondemned.Butjustas thehangmanwasputting,therope aroundhisneckheaskedthe magistratetolethimplayone tune."Don'tgivehimtheviolin!" criedthefarmer.

ButPerohadthegiftofspeech andnobodycouldrefusehimanything.Themagistrategavethe violintohimandPeroplayedon it,andthemagistrateandthe farmerandthehangmanandthe spectatorsdancedtohisplaying. Heplayedtilltheywereweary; heplayedtilltheywereworn out;heplayedtillthesolescame offtheirboots,andstillheplayed. Andthemagistrateatlastpromisedthatifhewouldstophe shouldgofree.Perothencame downfromthescaffold,andtook hisgunandhisviolinandhis thousandcrownsandreturnedto hisnativevillage,andhavingthe giftofspeech,hewontheprettiestgirlinSicilyashiswifeand settleddown.

,-.1111,=1,4,1111r.11,-==",=,,V1111,11,,,M1=1,11,1111F,MI

THEYMADEHiStOT'

NO.7-THEHYDROGEN BALLOONISTS

NosoonerhadPilatederozier andtheMarquisD'Arlandesmade theirepicflightoverParisin 1783inapaper-linedlinenballoonfilledwithsmokethanthe firstballoontobefilledwith hydrogencarrieduptwoother Frenchmenaheightof14,000ft weatheringathunderstormand travellingthirtymiles.Ascent followedascentafterthis,and thepublicimaginationwasso firedthatplansweresooninprogressforbuildingballoonsto reachthemoon!Hydrogennow tooktheplaceofthefurnacein theballoon.Thislightgas,of which14cubicfeetliftonepound wastheonlypossibleagentfor continuousexperiments;without itballooningwouldhavesoon cometoanend.Itcametothe useofmanbeforetheballoon,yet itspossibilitiesasaliftingforce wereillustratedbyapuffof smokeinapaper-maker'shouse (see"TheRecord"oflastweek).

Ballooningcamefromsmoke;the aeroplanepropellorcamefrom theboomerang.

Foroveracenturyballoons sharedtheskywiththebirds, withthedecideddifferencethat, whilebirdsflywherevertheywill, balloonswerealwaysthesportof anywindthatblew.Theycould notbesteered.Whennearthe ground,theircoursemightbe retarded,andinsomerespects derectedbyalongropewithan anchorattached;butsucharope mightdragamanupintotheair, whiskacowoffitslegs,pulla chimneyoffaroof,orbringdown partofachurchsteeple.

Balloonistsdidmagnificent workintappingthesecretsofthe upperair.Theyrevealedthefact thatairliesinlayers,andthat TryHassell's.559WellingtonSt. Alwaysfirstwithgoodsinshort supply.B6307.

-Washadaysare

Easier

RelaxSoapwilltakethe hardworkoutofwashdays forYOU.Relaxisgentle onthefabricandyour hands,washesclothesa snowywhite:andNOhard rubbing is ne,vssary. AlwaysuseRELAXinYOUR washtub.Obtainablein threesizes.)

overourheadsinwhatseemsan evenatmospheretheremaybe windsoneaboveanother;that whileaballoonissailingserenely inablueskyfromeasttowest withalowwind,itmaymeeta terrificthunderstormcomingup onahigherwindfromwestto east.Agreatbodyofknowledge thesemenaccumulatedforour flying-enginemen;andtheyriskedtheirlivesandoftengave them.

Manymagnificentfeatsofendurancestandtotheirhonouralso. Theachievementofascientist namedGlaisherandadaringand skilfulballoonistnamedCoxwell hasneverbeenforgotten.Before wehadeverheardofoxygencylindersfortheuseofairmenat greatheightsthesetwosplendid fellowsonedayin186z,rose sevenmiles.Theywantedto descend,buttheropeconnected withthevalvewasfouled,and Coxwellhadtoclimbintotheriggingtoclearit.Thetemperature wasbelowzero,andasCoxwell touchedmetalhishandswere frost-bitten,andhistaskproved longanddifficult.Glaisherfound paralysisstealingoverhim.Powerwentfromhislimbs;hissight failed;hecouldbarelybreathe; yethismindremainedintensely activetothelast.Thenhefell unconsciousinthecaroftheballoon.

Coxwellhadatlastsecuredthe ropehehadgoneuptodisentangle,butwhenhedescendedhe foundthathishandswereuseless.Therewastheballoon mountingupintotheskyandtwo menneardeathrisingwithher, likethephantomcrewofthe FlyingDutchman.Buttheimmensewill-powerofCoxwell savedsituation.Hegrippedthe ropebeweenhisteethandtugged atitwithhislastounceofenergy.Thevalveopened;theballoon begantodescend;theydropped rapidlyintoawarmerlayerof air.Glaisherrecovered,andthey weresaved.Allhonourtothe menoftheballoons!Theyworked andworriedonforgenerations.

DearCornerites

Alreadyweareintothemonth ofJunewhichtheChurchhas especiallysetasideforthevenerationoftheSacredHeartofOur DivineLord.Thisdevotionwas revealedbyOurLordinaseries ofvisionstoSt.MargaretAlocoque.HisheartwastobeasymbolofHisboundlessloveformen andthespecialobjectofdevotiontoItwastomakeupfor thecoldnessandindifferenceof manytowardsHisLove.Inlast week's"Record"youwillfindthe elevenpromisesOurLordmade regardingthegracesthatwould begiventothosewhowerefaithfultoHisSacredHeart.Cut theseoutandputtheminyour Missalwhereyouwillseethem regularly.Ifyouthinkabout themalittleyouwillfindin number9asimplebuteffective meansoftruedevotion."Iwill blesseverydwellinginwhichan imageofMyHeartshallbeexposedandhonoured."InconsequenceofthisdesireonOur Lord'spartmanyCatholicshave theirhomesconsecratedtothe

SacredHeart,Inanycasea pictureshouldbeineveryhome andduringJuneespeciallyfresh flowersandperhapsasmalloil lampshouldbekeptbeforeit. Theselittlemarksofattention willremindyoutopraytothe SacredHeartwhich,inreturn, willlavishblessingsuponyouAUNTBESSY

Let'sHaveaPoem BIGANDLITTLETHINGS

Icannotdothebigthings

ThatIshouldliketodo, Tomaketheearthforeverfair, Theskyforeverblue.

ButIcandothesmallthings

Thathelpstomakeitsweet, Thoughcloudsariseandfillthe skies, Andtempestsbeat.

Icannotstaytheraindrops Thattumblefromtheskies; ButIcanwipethetearsaway Frombaby'sprettyeyes.

Icannotmakethesunshine, Orwarmthewinterbleak ButIcanmakethesummercome Onsister'srosycheek.

Icannotstaythestormclouds, Ordrivethemfromtheirplace;

ButIcanclearthecloudsaway Frombrother'stroubledface.

1cannotmakethecorngrow, Orworkupontheland; ButIcanputnewstrengthand will InFather'sbusyhand

Icannotstaytheeastwind, Orthawitsicysmart; ButIcankeepacornerwarm Inmother'slovingheart.

Icannotdothebigthings ThatIshouldliketodo; Tomaketheearthforeverfair, Theskyforeverblue.

ButIcandothesmallthings

Thathelpstomakeitsweet, Thoughcloudsariseandfillthe skies Andtempestsbeat.

AStrange Happening

Knockisaquietlittledistrictin CountyMayo,Ireland,where thereisaShrineofOurLadyto whichnumerouspilgrimagesare made.ACapuchinFathertellsof anexperiencehehadatKnock.

Twoyearsago,whenactingas Directorofalargepilgrimage, oneofthehandmaidswhoattendedtheinvalidscalledmyattentiontoayounggirlinaninvalid chair,andshetoldmeshewas notaCatholic.Itwasamere accidentthatthishandmaid shouldhavebeenlookingafter thisparticularcase.

Theinvalidasked,"Wasit wrongforme,aProtestant,to cometoKnock?"

Thehandmaidsaid,"No,itwas notwrong,buthowdidyouhear ofKnock?"

Theinvalidthentoldherstory.

"Iliveonanisland,andamsufferingforyearsfromserious spinaltrouble,unabletostandor towalk.EverymorningIamput inthischair,andifthedayis fineIambroughtoutsidethe house,andleftinthesunshine.

Someweeksagoamanfromthe mainlandwasontheislandbuyingcattle.ThinkingIwasaCatholichespoketome,andtoldme

thathissisterhadbeenafflicted inthesamewayasIwas,and thatshecametoKnockandwas cured,andhetoldmetocome here.HisnamewasFlynn,I wonderwouldhebeheretoday?"

TheHandmaidreplied,"Iknow themanofwhomyouspeak.He isnothere,butallhetoldyou istrue.Hissisterwasforyears sufferingasyouarefromSpinal CariesorPat'sdisease,andwas curedhere."

Theinvalidinquiredifshewas reallycured."Canshewalk.?"

"Yes,"repliedtheHandmaid.

"TodaysheisasstrongandactiveasIam."

Thentheinvalidsaid,"I'dlove ifIcouldseeher,wouldshebe everhere?"

TothistheHandmaidsaid,

"Listen,'tisstrangethatitshould betomethatyouhavespoken, andtoldmeallthis.Themanwho toldyouofKnockismybrother, andIamthegirlwhowascured." Asimpleincident,butinteresting.

THEBLINDBOY

0say,whatisthatthingcalled light WhichImustne'erenjoy; Whataretheblessingsofthe sight?

Otellyourpoorblindboy!

Youtalkofwondrousthingsyou see Yousaythesunshinesbright; Ifeelhimwarm,buthowcanhe, Ormakeitdayornight?

MydayornightmyselfImake Whene'erIsleeporplay; AndcouldIeverkeepawake Withme'twerealwaysday.

WithheavysighsIoftenhear Youmournmyhaplesswoe; ButsurewithpatienceIcanbear AlossIne'ercanknow.

ThenletnotwhatIcannothave Mycheerofminddestroy; WhilstthusIsingIamaking, Althoughapoorblindboy.

MADEINW.A.BYWESTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

-AlfredH.Miles