The Record Newspaper 16 April 1947

CanNominalWagesBeMadeRealPurchasing Power?..

l)resscircle-3/-insteadof 3/11.

"ExciseBeer-bottle,10d.insteadof 1/7.

Pot(lloz.),5d.insteadofBid. Spirits-6/6insteadof13/(approx.).

Tobacco(2oz.)-2/3insteadof 3/-.

Cigarettes-small,4d.saving: large,8d.saving.

Petrol-1/8insteadof2/71d.

HowHiddenTaxationBears ontheWage-Earner Economists'MajorError AboutIndustrialism andExport AustraliaShouldBePrimarily aRuralCountry

Thefollowingeditorialnotesarereprintedfromthecurrentissueofthe20th.Century,aquarterlyreviewpublishedin Melbourne.Itisathoughtfulandtimelyconsiderationoftwo ofthemajorproblemsfacingthepeopleandthegovernment ofthiscountry.

TheAustraliaof1947isnota politician'sparadise.Thelong banked-upclaimsforhigherwages andbetterconditionsinindustry havefurnishedtheopportunityfor anoutbreakofindustrialdisorder morewidespreadandpotentially moreseriousthananywhichhas afflictedAustraliasincethetense yearswhichfollowedthefirst WorldWar.

Theindustrialbattlefieldis,todayasever,concentratedonthe wagesystem.TheAustralian CouncilofTradeUnions,thesupremebodyintheindustrial movement,isurginglargeincreasesinwages,butisnotopposedtothecontinuationofwagepegging,solongasaminimumof flaweekisaddedtothebasic wageandprovisionisalsomade foranupwardmovementofmarginsandtheconsolidationofwarloadings.Thevariationsinthe wage-peggingregulationsmade wereintendedbytheFederalGovernmenttoplacetheoperationof wage-pegginginthehandsofthe ArbitrationCourt.Intheviewof theA.C.T.U.,promptedbythe Communist-controlled unions. thesevariationsareinsufficiently elastic.TothisviewthePrime Ministermakeshisreplythatthe unionsshouldactuallyapplyto theArbitrationCourtandsee whatimprovementstheycanactuallyobtain,withoutprejudgingthe position,andbyfailuretoapply, denyingtheworkersthesubstantialbenefitswhichthenewregulationsaredesignedtopermit.

Whiletheturgidandinvolved a.gumentcontinuestoitslogical conclusioninageneralindustrial stoppage,thecommonmanwhois theobjectofallthissolicitude,is madebitterlyawareofthefact thatwhatevernominalwageincreaseshemayobtain-the7/'interim"basicwageincreaseisan example-hisactualeconomicpositionimproveshardlyatall.He hasfoundthatofthe7/-increase alittlegoesintaxation,alittle hasgoneinincreasedpricespaid forordinarycommoditiesatthe localstore-cigarettesandtobacco generally.wheatinVictoria,meat inNewSouthWales-andthat otherincreasesinthepriceof commoditiesarepromised.

Forhimtheproblemisno longerbyhowmuchhisnominal wageswillbeincreased,butwhetheranyincreasewillmeananythingatall.Theproblemisto

makehiswagesworthsomething. Thereisnodoubtthatmanytrade unionleadersrealisethatthatis thecruxoftheproblem,andthat theeffortsofthepowerfulorganisationstheycontrolshouldbedevotedprimarilytothisend.Unfortunately,onthepartofthe many,thedesiretogivetheappearanceof"militancy"diverts themfromtheirresponsibilityto helpthecommonmanintheonly common-senseway,andplunges themintoavortexofcompeting claimsinwhichtheunionistwho bidshighestinhisfigurefora rjseinwageshopes,bythatfact, towintheascendancyintheindustrialmovement.Thisdisastrous tendencytoplaypoliticswith whatisessentiallyanindustrial matterisaggravatedbythefact thattheCommunistPartycontrols powerfulunions,andanintimidatedandapatheticrankandfile allowsCommunistofficialstodraft claims,dictatestrategy,anduse the"smear"weapon,topushnonCommunistofficialsintopoliciesin whichtheydonotbelieve.

Averyprosperousstateofpublicfinancesinabuoyantbudget doesallowtheFederalGovernmenttogoalongwaytowardsa solutionoftheproblem,ifthe unionmovementwillforeswear politicaladvantage,playthegame honestlyandeducateitsrankand

Theindustrialproblemhasbeenvastlyaggravatedbythe daterminationoftheGovernmentanditstoo-clevereconomicadviserstomakeAustraliaanindustrialratherthana raralCommonwealth.

thefollowingstudy,preparedbya researchscholaroftheInstitute ofChristianStudies.Thefigures wouldnowneedtobevaried slightlysincetherehavebeensome

totalfundoffm125(i.e.,total collectionslesssubsidies)was f42,orabout16/-perweek.

'Theeffectofthisimpostis seenbyconsideringhowprices

PracticallyeveryproblemwhichAustraliafaceswould havebeenmitigatedhadadeterminedeffortbeenmade toestablishthefutureAustraliaonaruralbasisofintensive agricultureandsmallfarms.

fileiatperealitiesoftheeconomic situation.Withwagesandprices remainingattheirpresentlevel, itshouldbepossiblefortheFederalGovernmenttomakereductionsindirecttaxation,which wouldallowthemarriedmanwithoutchildren,whoisonthebasic wage(15/7/-approximately)to enjoythefullincomewithoutpayinganytaxeswhatsoever.Inaddition,thereisroomforheavyreductionsinindirecttaxationwhich, beforerecentremissions,wascalculatedtotake16/-aweekout ofeverywage-earner'sincome. Theextenttowhichthisformof hiddentaxationbearsonthe wage-earner,canbegaugedfrom

remissionsinindirecttaxation sincetheywerecompiled.

"Themeasureofincidenceof Indirecttaxesmaybeobtained bytakingtheaveragepayment perheadofemployedbreadwinners.Indirecttaxes,beingincludedinthepriceofgoodsand services,mustbepaidbyall consumers.Butpurchaseswill bemadeindifferentquantities andofdifferentqualities.However,asnoaccuratemeasureis possible,theonechosenisconsideredtobethebestalternative.

'Theaveragepaymentper headofapproximately3,000,000 occupiedbreadwinners*tothe

wouldbealteredwerenoIndirectchargesleviedandassumingnosubstantialchangeisdemandandsupplyarisingfroma remissionofthetax.

"SalesTax-Clothingwouldbe reducedby7/percent. Food(otherthanitemsin Staplediet,suchasbread,meat, milk),121percent. Householdandpersonalrequisites.luxurylines,etc.,25 percent.

"Entertainment-Picture Theatrecharges: BackStalls-l/6insteadof 1/11.

"CustomsDuty-ThisisresponsibleforariseintheGeneralLevelofPricesatleast 10percent.t

(Note:thepricesquotedabove prevailintheEasternStates.Ed.)

"Itmaybeobjectedthatbecauseofexemptionsonitems enteringintotheregimenofthe CommonwealthStatistician's'C' Series(allItems)Index,the BasicWage-earnerisnotso greatlyaffectedbyIndirect Taxes.

"Infact,however.emphasison thepredominanceoftheBasic Wageearnertodaygivesanincorrectpictureofthesituation. Becauseofhigheraverageearningspermaleunitandgreater securityofemployment.theexpenditureoftheaveragefamily, asmeasuredbytheaverage earningspermaleunit,should beregardedattheminimum level.

"Alittlereflectionontheordinaryexpenditureoftheaveragepersononsuchitemsas groceries,clothing,personalrequisites,entertainmentand amusementgoods,drinkand smoking,householdgoods,writingandschoolmaterials,confectionery,makeitapparentthat thereisgoodvalidityforassumingtheaverageburdenofIndirecttaxesat16/-perweek perbreadwinner."

Everythingpointstoarigid pruningofindirecttaxation,and toaliftingofdirecttaxationon thelowerincomesasthemethod bywhichtherealwageofthe workercanbeincreasedmost rapidly.

Suchapolicyshouldcommend itselftotheFederalGovernment. Itsproblemasfaraswagesis concernedisbrieflythis.TheWar completedtheindustrialisationof theCommonwealth,andthecountrynowfindsitselfwithavastly expandedindustriallabourforce, togetherwithagreatdealofupto-dateequipmentofatypewhich Australiadidnotpossessbefore thewar.Thetwonewfactorsadd uptothefactthatoncethewartimeshortagesaremadeup,Australiawillheabletoproduce manufacturedgoodsinfargreater volumethanshecanconsume them.Accordingly,Commonwealthpolicyisnowmainlydevotedtothediscoveryofexportmarketsformanufacturedgoods- certainlyanewphenomenon.In thisquestformarketsformanufactures,theCommonwealthfinds itself,however,inamostdifficult situation.Ontheonehandthere is tialthetremendousindustrialpotenoftheUnitedStates,the dominantnation,economically speaking,intheworld.Onthe otherthereistheTIrtishdriveto (ContinuedonPage12.)

YOU

WhySt.JosephisPatronof theUniversalChurch

OnApril26,wecelebratethe solemnityofSt.Joseph,the spouseofourBlessedLady,and patronoftheCatholicChurch. Thefeastdatesfromtheyear 1680,andin1870PiusXl.declaredSt.JosephtobethespecialpatronandadvocateinheavenoftheUniversalChurch.

ThereasonwhySt.Joseph waschosenastheguardianof allthemembersoftheCatholic Churchisnothardtounderstandifwereadthegospelstory ofOurLord'slife.Inthegospel,weseethatSt.Joseph's officesweretwofold. Hewas spouseofMaryandfoster-father ofOurLord.ItwasSt.Joseph'sperfectfulfilmentofthese officesthatledthePopetodeclarehimtheguardianofthe wholeChurch. Inordertosee howSt.Josephcarriedoutthese offices,wemustgotothestory ofhislifeintheGospel.

LikeallthosewhomGodloves best,StJosephwasgivenmany trialsinthefulfilmentofthese offices.Firstofallhewastrou. bledaboutMary'shonour,for shewaswithchildbeforethey hadmarried.Maryknewthe greatmiracleoftheIncarnation thatGodwasworkingthrough her;butastheArchangelhad nottoldhertospeaktoSt. Josephofthismiraclesheremainedsilent.St.Joseph,being ajustmanandintentonpreservingMaryfromanypublic scandalthatmightarise,hadin mindtoputheraway.Atlast God,pleasedwiththewaySt. Josephhadactedinhistrial, sentanangeltocomforthim andsolvehisdifficulty.This wasthemessage:"Joseph,son ofi)avid,fearnottotakeunto theeMarythywife,forthat whichisconceivedinherisof theHolyGhost."Itwasmainlyinhisofficeoffoster-father ofOurLordthatweseethose outstandingqualitiesforwhich hasmadehimits patron.Ourfirstintroduction toSt.JosephintheGospelis thesceneofhisandMary'sjourneytoBethlehem,thecityof theirancestorDavid,wherethey wenttobeenrolled.Afterthis tiringjourney,hewasnotgreetedbyfriends,andtakeninto theirhomes.No,Josephwas forcedtogoroundonthatcold Christmasnightbeggingfora roomforMary,inorderthat theChildJesusmightbeborn intotheworldincomfort.His effortswereinvain,forGodhad otherplans.St.Josephhad tobesatisfiedwithapoorcave inBethlehemasthehomefor MaryandtheChildJesuson thatChristmasnight.

ThebirthofOurLordnot onlydidnotendtheresponsibilitiesofSt.JosephasfosterfatherofOurLord,butrather increasedthem. Itwasbad enoughnotbeingabletofinda respectableitousefortheSaviouroftheWorldtobebornin; butwasitnotagreateranxiety tofindoutthatwithinafew daysofthebirthofOurLord, HerodsoughttheChild'slife? ThenewswasbroughttoJosephinsleepbyanangel,who toldhimtotaketheChildJesus andHisMotherandflyinto Egypt.Withoutawordofprotest,St.Josepharose,andtook theChildandHisMotherand retiredintoEgypt.TheGospeltellsthestoryoftheirjourneysobrieflythatwearenot likelytothinkofthedifficulties theHolyFamilymusthaveexperiencedontheirjourney.They hadnoneofthemodernconveniencesofourdayfortravelling, butatmoatasmalldonkey,on whichOurLadyandOurLord couldsit.Besidesthisdifficulty theangel'scommandtoSt.Josephwastogctoaforeigncountrywherehehadnofriends,and therewasnothinginthemessagetoconsolehimbutthe thoughtthatitwasGod'swill thatheshouldgo. Thiswas enoughforSt.Joseph;hewould notquestiontheangelwhenhe knewthatitwasGod'scommand. Theyhadnotbeenlongin EgyptwhenSt.Josephreceived anothermessagefromanangel toreturntothelandofIsrael, Herodbeingdead.Oncemore St.Josephhadtomarchoverthe

desertsanda-withMaryandthe ChileJesus. Ontheirarrival intheHolyLand,St.Joseph heardthatArchelaus,Herod's brother,reignedinJudea.Here weseetheprudenceofSt.Joseph,whichisthecharacteristic ofallChrist'srulers.Hedid notgoblindlyonintothehands ofthisking,butwaitedforGod togivehimfurtheradvice. Whilehewaswaiting,Godsent anangeltotellhimtogotohis oldhomeatNazareth.

JosephandMary,ignorantof OurLord'sdeparturefromthem, setoutfortheirhomeinNazareth.Whatmusthavebeen theiranguishwhentheyfound thatOurLordwasmissing! HadHefallenintothehandsof theblood-seekingKingofJudea? ForthreedaysMaryandJoseph, heartbroken,wandered about JerusaleminsearchofHim. HowmuchSt.Josephmusthave felttheresponsibilityofhis officeasfoster-fatherofOur Lord,itisnothardtoimagine. Hadhebeennegligentinhis careforHim? Thenhehad tocomfortMaryforthelossof Jesus,andtrytocalmherfears.

WecanbesurethatSt.Joseph's greatconfidenceinGodenabled himtoovercomehisfeelingsand alsohelpMarytobearherloss Mary,however,wasnotblindto thegreatsorrowthatlayonSt Joseph'sheart,asweseeitwhen weexamineherwordswhenshe foundOurLord:"Son,whyhalt Thoudonesotous?Behold Thyfatherand havesought Theesorrowing."

ThenexttimeweseeSt.JosephintheGospeliswhenheis goingupwithOurLadyandthe ChildJesustoJerusalemforthe feastofthePasch.OurLord, althoughHeisonlytwelveyears ofage,leavesHisearthlyparents,andgoesofftothetemple toteachthelearneddoctorsof thelawthetruedoctrineof God.

Thesefewinstancesthatshow sowellSt.Joseph'scareofthe HeadofourCatholicChurch, ChristHimself,alsoshowusSt. Joseph'scapabilityofguiding andprotectingourChurch throughthetroubledwatersof to-day.Letusthenprayto St.Josephonthisfeast,thathe maytakeeachoneofusunder hisspecialpatronage,andso orderour;:vesthatwhendeath callsuswemay,likehim,be foundworthytodieinthearms ofJesusandMary.

VansittartWantsPoland ReferredtoU.N.O.

ToreferthecaseofPolandto theUnitedNationswouldsplit theUnitedNaitonsjustwhenit wasbeginningtobeuseful,Lord Pakenham,ParliamentaryUnderSecretary,WarOffice,toldthe HouseofLordsonMarch6. LordPakenham(whoisaCatholic)wasreplyingfortheGovernmenttoaspeechbyLord Vansittart.

LordVansittart,inaloudlyapplaudedspeech,hadurgedthat thecaseofPolandshouldbereferredtotheUnitedNations.

"Notinaspiritofbickering," heexplained,"butasthelatest linkinalengtheningchainofinfidelitywhichwillendbqhangingusall."Hecalledattention especiallytothegrowingpracticeofdisregardinginternational obligationsandgoodfaithand heaccusedRussiaandher"protectorates"ofbreakingtreaties.

HisclaimthatthecaseofPolandshouldbereferredtothe UnitedNationswassupported byViscountSwinton,fortheOpposition.

LordVansittartopenedhis speechbysayingthatin1941 allhadsubscribedtotheAtlanticCharter.Thatdocument hadbeentorntoshreds.Its principleswerereaffirmedinthe Anglo-RussianTreaty.That treatyhadalsobeenviolated, butnotbyBritain.

Laterhespokeofbreachesof faithinYugoslavia,Bulgaria, Rumania,HungaryandPoland "WehavereachedthefifthpartitionofPoland,toourshame," headded,"anditwon'tbethe last.Therewillbeotherugly chaptersthereandelsewhereunlesswemittupourmindsfor acrusadeagainstthedoublecross. ." "Ipropose,intheuniversalinterest,thatweshouldtakethe moralleadintryingtocalla haltbeforewegosillfurther back."

LordPakenham,replying,commented:"IdonotthinkthebitterestcriticofthisGovernment orourcountrywouldclaimthat duringthepasttwoyearsBritainhadsoughttoadvanceherselfbyanyviolationoffaith. Theonlyquestioniswhetherwe havebeeneffectiveenoughin stoppingotherpeoplebreaking theirword."

Heagreedthatthewholestory ofPolandinthelastfewyears wasamajortragedy,butit wouldbeagreatmistaketosup-

nosethatinthepastBritain hadbeenabletodecdethefate ofPoland.

"Itmaybesaid:"Takethe mattertotheUnitedNations. Havearow.Makeourprotest heard.Showthemwherewe stand.Haveashowdown.'I amboundtosaythematterwas notapproachedinthatspiritin thisHouse,butwhetherornot thatwastheintention,that wouldhetheresultoftakinga matterofthiskindtotheUnitedNations."

MYSTERYOFMIHAILOVITCH.

Sydney"Truth"hasthefollowinginterestingnewsitemon theMichailovitchtrial: WasGeneralMihailovitchthe greatpro-GermanYugoslav, pledgedtokillYugoslays,orwas heamanwhomerelyanticipatedCommunism'smovethrough theSoviettoEasternEurope?

InEnglandduringatleast threeyearsofwar,opinionwas divided,itbeingashock to many,whenrealinformationarrivedfromYugoslavia,todiscoverjustwhatmanyofthesocalledPartisanswere.

AstoryfromBelgradethis weekgivesanotherangle.ColonelFuchs,oftheGestapo,has justbeenexecutedinYugoslavia. Accordingtoonesource,at thebeginningofhistrialhewas questionedaboutrelationsbetweentheGestapoandGeneral Mihailovitch.

Hereplied:"TheGestapo neverhadanyrelationswith Mihailovitch,butalwaysregardedhimasthegreatestenemyof theGermanpeopleinYugoslavia.

"TheGermansalwaysbelieved thathismovementinSerbiawas thegreatestmenacetothesecurityofGermantroopsinthe Balkans,anditwasMihailovitchwhodidtheGermansthe greatestinjury."

HowOurLadycanattend toPrayersofMillions

AllObjectionstoCultofMaryArise FromDisbeliefinGod

"Q.,"NorthPerth:

"Iadmiredtheskillandfairnessyoudisplayedinbluepencillingnon-essentialsinmy lastletter,whileretlaining everywordwhichIwouldconsidernecessaryinpresenting mypointmosteffectively.My pleasureatthataspectofyour replyenabledmetosmileat yourjibeat'suchamateurish attemptstointerpretScripture.'Thismayseemtoyou likeabushlawyercomplimentingaK.C."

A.:Iamgladyouwerepleasedwithmypresentationofyour difficultyinthatfar-offsession youmention.ReallyIdidnot intendmyremarkaboutamateurishinterpretationofthe Scripturestobeajibe.Iwishedtoshownownecessaryitis tohaveaninfallibleguideinso importantamatter.However, yourdeftrejoinderleavesyouto carryoffthehonours.

Yourlettercontinues:

"Butnowcomesadiscordant note.Replyingtoaman,who admttedthathewasnobetter thanthenextchap,andwhom Isuspecttobeashameless leg-puller,yousaid,ineffect: 'ItisbothpossibleandprofitabletopraytoMary,the MotherofJesus.ThatCatholicsfrequentlydoso,and non-Catholicsmaydoso,too.' That-promptsthisquestion: WhenwasMaryendowedwith theDivinepowertohearso manyprayers,frommany partsoftheworld,atthesame time?Itwouldseemthatthe ChurchhascarrieditsidolatrousworshipofMarytothe pointofraisinghertobethe fourthpersonintheGod-head."

A.:Maryhadthispoweras soonasshedepartedfromthis lifeandreceivedtheBeatific VisionofGodinHeaven.And youwillhavenodifficultyabout believingthis,ifyoureallybelieveinGod,andifyoureally believeintheinspirationofHoly Scripture.Yes,noticethat;all non-CatholicobjectionstotheCatholiccultofMarycanbetraced tolackofbeliefinGod.Godis infinite,Godisall-knowing,God isunchangingandunchangeable; withoneinfiniteact,thatisnot distinctfromHisEssence,God managesallthingsandnotonly exerciseaProvidenceoverHis creatures,butisalwayskeeping theminexistenceandenabling themtoperformeachactionthat

ELLIOTT AND ELLIOTT

OPTICIANS ramitYAR"

plv.PERTH-mbt

JohnCHI:himgr. Ex-BlaristBros: Siuded Tel.B7988

theydo.Therefore,toknow GodasHereallyis,andtosee Him,notasamereabstraction, butasaBeinginactiverelation withthebeingsHehascreated, involvesaknowledgeofGod's creaturesalso.Ifyouknow GodasHeis,youknowHimas sustainingcertaincreaturesin being,permittingcertainactions oftheirsfurtheringothers,and evergazingintothedepthsof everybeingHehasmade.But HolyScripturetellsus,notonly oftheBlessedVirginMary,but ofallwhogotoHeaven,that theyshallseeGod.YourememberthewordsofChrist:"Blessedarethepureofheart,for theyshallseeGod"(Mt.V.8). St.Paulcomparestheknowledge ofGodthatmencanhaveon earth,tolookingatareflection inoneofthedimpolishedmetal mirrorsusedinhis(lay,whereas thoseinHeavenseeGod,face toface."Atpresent,"he writes,"wearelookingataconfusedreflectioninamirror; then,weshallseefacetoface; now,Ihaveonlyglimpsesof knowledge;thenIshallrecognise GodasHehasrecognisedme."

(I.Cor., 12.)Hence,accordingtotheApostle,weshall knowGodevenasHeknowsus. ButwearesurethatGodknows ussowellthatHeseesalltheobjectswithwhichwecomeincontact.So,too,weshallseeHim andthecreaturesinwhichHeis atwork.Indeed,theApostle St.John,speakingtotheearly ChristiansaboutHeaven,said: "WeshallseeHimasHeis."(1. Jo.III.,2)TheseeGodasHe is:thatisHeaven.Now,CatholicsreallybelieveinGod, theyreallybelieveinHeaven, andconsequently,theybelieve thatevenaninfant,whoisbaptisedanddiesininfancy,israisedbyGodtoastateofsublime happinessandknowledge,in which,enlightenedwiththelight ofGod'sglory,heseesGodas Heis,andlovesHim,andsees HimatworkinHiscreatures, andHiscreaturesinHisEssence, ofwhichtheyarereflections.

ThereisnoquestionofdoubtingwhetherahumanmindsoelevatedbyGodcouldattendtoall theprayersofsomemillionsof men,becausethatmindhasbeen raisedtoastatewhereitcan seesomethinginfinitelygreater thanthesumtotalofallmen, nowliving,orwhooncelived,or whoareyettobeborn-God Himself.

Allthisistrueofaninfant, whoseonlytitletoheavenis thatithasbeenbaptisedinto Christ,butwhatmustwebelieve ofherwhonotonlyneverforan instantlackedthatdivinelife thatothersgetinBaptism,but waschosenbyGodtobethe portalthroughwhichtheAuthor ofLifeshouldcomeintothe world?IfGodsoblessedthe leastofHischildren,howwill HeelevateHisownMother?

ShallwedoubtthatMary,the MotherofGod,seesGodfaceto face,shallwedoubtthatshe knowsHimasHeknowsher, shallwedoubtthatsheseesHim asHeis?Shallwedoubtthat sheseesthosecreatureswhom Heiseversustaininginbeing, orshallwewonderthatshesees andlovesorhears,thosewho are,inthewordsofSt.Paul: "GraftedintoChrist,"herSon, orwilledbyGodtobesografted?

favoursofGodforus,andGod astheUntreatedSupremeBeing, whoanswersthem.

Youcontinue:

ItalldependsonbeliefinGod, doesn'tit?Ifyoubelievein God,alldifficultiesaboutdevotiontoMaryvanish.Justask yourselfwhatyoubelieve.Do youbelieve.thataninfant,who bybaptismhasbecomeasharer inGod'snatureandthendiesand goesatoncetoheavenandso seesGodasHeis,alsoseesthat samelovingGodtenderingaid totheafflictedmotherlefton earth,sothatifthatpoorwoman praystoherowninfantinheaven,thatinfantcanhearher prayerandcommendittoGod?

Catholicsdobelievethat;CatholicsbelieveinGod,andinthe truththatGodhasrevealed,and theyareruthlesslylogicalinacceptingitsconsequences.

Q.:Butyousay:'Itwouldseem thattheChurchhascarriedits idolatrousworshipofMary-to thepointofraisinghertobe afourthpersonintheGodhead.'

A.:Withoutaccusingyouof malice,Iwilltellyoufrankly thatsuchwordsareoffensiveto Catholicears;theGod-head,the PersonsoftheMostBlessedTrinity,theHolyMotherofGod,are allveryrealtous,andweknow thatGodistobereverencedand adored,andMaryistobereverencedandhonoured.YourreferencetoChrist'sMotheris,unintentionallyIamsure,crudely andirreverentlygrotesque.Catholicteachingisquiteclear: GodisGod,andallthatisnot God,iscreatedbyGodandwhollysubjecttoanddependenton Him;andontheotherhand, afterGodandtheSacredHumanityofChrist,Mary,theMother ofChrist,isimmeasurablythe greatestofallbeings.

Youcontinue:

"ItisidletosaythatCatholicsdonotworshipMary. I speakwithknowledgeofdevoutCatholicfamilylife,and knowthatitwouldbetruerto saythatmanygoodCatholics aretaughtfrominfancyto worshipMarymorethanGod." A.:Ofcourse,CatholicsworshipMary.Thedevoutworship ofMaryisadutyincumbenton everyman,notexcludingyourself,andmayGodgrantyouthe gracetorealiseandfulfilyour dutytowardshertowhomyou owesomuch.Butitishardly necessarytoremindyouthat theworshipCatholicsgiveto Maryisnotthesamethingas thesupremeWorshiporadoration strictlyso-called,thattheygive toGod.ToGodaloneisthe HolySacrificeoftheMassoffered,andinCatholicworshipGod aloneisreveredastheCreator andAuthorofLifeandGrace. ButCatholicsdonothesitateto bowinreverencebeforethe MotherofChrist.Christis God,andCatholicsreallybelieve itandeverythingisimplies.

Yougoon:

"Iknowitwouldbetruerto saythatmanygoodCatholics aretaughtfrominfancyto worshipMarymorethanGod." A.:1ambeginningtohave lessconfidenceinyou,"Q."How couldyousaysuchasillything asthat?Ifyouhavereally knowledgeofCatholiclife,you shouldknowthattheordinary prayertoMaryis:"Prayforus, sinners ,"whilewealways askGodorOurDivineLordto havemercyonus.Itoughtto becleartoyouthatMaryis treatedasacreature,whoasks

"Mothersandsistersalike, keeptheHolyMothercontinuallybeforethemindsofthe children.Theygrowupwith theideathatGodisunapproachableexceptthrough JesusChrist,andthatthebc4st andsurestwaytogetHimto answerprayeristogetthe HolyMothertointercedefor us,because,asyousaid,itis unthinkablethatChristwould refuseHisMother'srequest. Howdifferenttotheteaching ofJesus,Whotaughtustogo directtoOurFatherinHeaven."

A.:IamafraidIhavetoaccuseyouofaveryone-sidedreadingofHolyScripture.Christ, Whoinanswertotherequestof HisApostles:"Lord,teachus topray,"said:"Thusshallyou pray:'OurFatherWhoartin Heaven,"gaveusthebeautifulprayer,the Lord's Prayer,whichissaidoverand overagaindailybyCatholics. ButHealsosaid:"Amen,amen,

Isaytoyou:ifyouask theFatheranythinginmyname, Hewillgiveityou."(Jo.XVI., 23).AndagainHesaid:"No mancomethtotheFatherbutby Me."(Jo.XIV.,6.)And(Jo. XV.,5):"WithoutMeyoucan donothing."

AndSt.Peter,speakingto theJews,said:"Forthereisno othername(savethatofJesus) underheavengiventomen, wherebywemustbesaved." Addedtothesemanytexts fromHolyScripture,whichcould easilybemultiplied,wehavethe wholetestimonyofthetradition oftheChurchfromthebeginning.

Finally,"Q.,"Iwoulditwere literallytruewhatyousayabout mothersandsisterskeepingconstantlybeforethemindsofthe children,theHolyMother.If thiswere,indeed,thecase,it wouldbesplendidtothinkthat allshouldgrowtoknowthe BlessedMotherofGodasthe perfectmodeloftheloveandserviceofGodandknowingthat JesusChristhasgiventothem HisownMothertobetheirs,too, andtointercedeforthemwith HimandtheFatherAlmighty.

DistinguishingBetween TrueandFalseRelics

"Puzzled,"Fremantle: "Inthe'CatholicAnswer,'publishedinTheRecord'dated 26/3/'47,youstate,whendiscussingthedatesonwhichthe variousGospelswerewritten, thatSt.LukewrotehisGospel 'afterthemartyrdomofSt. PeterinA.D.26.'H.V.Morton,however,inhisbook'In theStepsoftheMaster,'assuresusthat'scholarswho havestudiedthedateofthe CrucifixionbelievethatJesus diedintheyear29or30A.D." AsSt.Petermostcertainlydid notdiebeforeOurLord,it seemstomethatyouhave beenmadethevictimofa printer'serror.Wouldyou pleaseconfirmthatthisisso."

A.Yes.Youarequiteright. InmymanuscriptwhichIgave "TheRecord"thedatewasA.D. 62,whichisarecogniseddate forSt.Luke'sGospel.Through asimpleerroritwasprintedas A.D.26. Yourlettercontinues:

"Whileonthesubjectofthe Gospels,couldyoupleasesay whetheritisintendedtotake theKnoxtranslationintogeneraluseinAustralia;or,alternately,therecentAmerican 'RevisedTextofNewTestament;ascopyrightedin1941

"Ienjoy the Trots"

bytheConfraternityofChristianDoctrine"?

A.:Boththeseeditionsofthe NewTestamentyouspeakof maybeusedgenerallybyall. Approbationforofficialuseof theAmericanedition,whichhas beenrevisedforAustraliabythe Rev.Dr.Leonard,ofSydney,has beengranted.Therehas,asyet, beennoofficialapprobationof MonsignorKnox'stranslationfor Australia.

Yourlettergoeson:

"IfImaynowtrespassupon yourvaluabletime,Iwould liketoaskaquestionoftopicalinterest.Whatproofis therethatthesmallbitsof woodveneratedinCatholic churchesonGoodFridayas 'relicsoftheTrueCross,'did actuallyformpartofthe CrossofChrist?"

A.:Theonlyproofthatthe relicoftheTrueCross,whichin somechurchesisofferedforthe venerationofthefaithful,asa pieceoftheCrossonwhich Christdied,isgenuine,isthe documentfromRomestatingthe fact.Withoutthisdocument wehavenoguaranteeatall.

Youcontinue: "Thediscovery1oftheTrue Crossis,Ibelieve,usuallyat. tributedtoSt.Helena,the (ContinuedonPage15.1

By FrancisGilbert

FinanceofEstablished Church

WithinthelastweektheLondoncorrespondentofourmorningcontemporaryreportedaseriouspositionwithintheEstablishedChurchinBritain.The standardsourcesofrevenue mostlytithes)havedriedup, andinterest-bearingsecuritiesinvestedinlargeindustriesare threatenedwithnationalisation.

Themostseriousaspectofthis financialdeclineisthatthe ChurchofEnglandcannolonger affordtoemploythesamenumberofclergy.Asaconsequence, parishesarebeingamalgamated, curaciesreducedinnumbers,and appealsbeingmadeforprivate assistance.Thefinalresult mustbeafurtherweakeningof theinfluenceoftheEstablished Churchatatimewhentheranks ofChristiansofallkindsshould beclosedtomeettheonslaught ofatheismandmaterialism.

Wedonotregardthegrave situationofourseparatedbrethrenwithanysatisfaction,for thecauseofChristwouldnotbe advancedbythecollapseofthe EnglishChurch.Whileitis undeniablethatagreatmanyof itsbettereducatedadherents, especiallyamongtheclergy,are deterredfromenteringtheCatholicChurchoutofeconomic considerations,butmightdoso intheeventofacollapse,it seemsequallycertainthattime rankandfile communicants mightjustaseasilydriftinto paganism.

Onecannot,however,avoidthe reflectionthatthereisagrim historicretributioninthatthe EstablishedChurchmay be wreckedbythefinancialsystem. Forthatverysystemwasput intrainandreceiveditsfirstorganisedimpetusinEngland fromtheavariceoftheReformers.Itisquitecertainthat withoutthevestedfinancialinterestcreatedfromthelootof theabbeysandtheGuildsthe Henricianschismwouldnothave beenperpetuated.ThediabolicalfinancialcunningoftheCecils inthereignofElizabethmade possiblethestabilisationofthe

breachwithRomeandrendered impossiblethehealingof,..se quarrel.

Butperhapsthereisnosymptomofdeclinesoseriousasthe factthatthecharityofthemany isgrowingcoldaboutthefinancialsupportoftheChurchof England.Itseemsmonstrous thatitschiefsourceofrevenue shouldhavebeenderived,not fromthevoluntaryofferingsof itsadherents,butfromcommercialinvestmentsandGovernmentsupport.IftheEnglish peopledonotthinktheirChurch worthsupportinginapractical way,theyhaveindeedcometo theendoftheroad.TheCatholicChurch,ontheotnerhand, carriesonahandtomouthexistence,supportedbythepenniesofthepoor.Butitisan unfailingsourceforthewarm faithandcharityofCatholic heartsisasurerinvestment thantheStockMarketcanoffer. Againandagainourclergyhas provedthetruthoftheScriptural promisethattheyhaveleftall thingsonlytofindthemrenewed athousandtimes.

SpainandtheIndex

ThatsectionofthePresswhich specialisesintheslanderingof CatholicSpainhadafieldday overFranco'sdecisiontorestore themonarchy.TheCaudillo couldnot,ofcourse,doanything onthelevel.Itwasapieceof trickerytoperpetuatehisFascistdictatorship.Inthis,however,asinalltheotherreports aboutSpainnomentionwhateverwasmadeofthefeelingsof theSpanishpeople,whoappear tobetheonlyoneswhoareperfectlycontentedwiththepresent regime.Onewouldhavethought theblood-houndsofthepress wouldhavebeencontentedto haveachievedtheiroft-expressedaimofliberatingSpainfrom theFrancoregime.Butno! Thenewviewapparentlyisthat Francoisimmortal,despitethe factthathehasbeenseveral timesassassinatedbyjournalistsalittleaheadofthetruth.

Therewasanotherreport, however,regardingSpainishaf-

fairswhichwasrecentlyglossed over,andthatwasthattheSpanishGovernment'sPropaganda Officeinformedpublishersand booksellersthatitwouldconsiderautomaticallyprohibitedin SpainallbooksintheVatican's IndexExpurgatorius.Thisnews item,ofcourse,wouldbelikea redragtoabull,forthePress, withitsoverpoweringdevotion toliterature,writhesatthe thoughtoftheinnumerablepeasants,bull-fighters,etc.,denied accesstoDarwin's"Originofthe Specnes"orAnatoleFrance's "Thais."

Inactualfactitrepresentsa commonsensesolutiontoaproblemwhichvexesGovernments whichhaveforeswornmoralconsiderations.Thepeoplemay nothavearsenicforbreakfast, buttheycanfilltheirmindswith pornographyuntiltheyarediseasedandmorbid.Spainrecognisesthattheologiansarebetter equippedthanpolicemenand Customsofficialstoadjudgeof themoralqualitiesofabook,and iscontenttoleavethematterin theirhands.ButourEnglishspeakingdemocraciesbreakdown sintheiradorationofexperts whenitcomestothesevendeadlysins.

FateoftheBalticStates

baseduponprogressive of"untrustworthiness."detgre allBaitsareagainstSovietoccupation,justastheywere againstthatoftheNazis,allare considered"enemies"destined forextermination. RussianelementsarenowdominantintheseBalticcountries. AsinPolandortheUkraine,administrativepersonnelareRussians,sometimesunderassumed Balticnames,whileRussianis theofficiallanguage,ThepresentrateofdeportingtheBaits andimportingRussiansissuch thatinafewyearsthenational characteristicsofEstonia,LatviaandLithuaniawillcompletelydisappear.YettheUnited States,GreatBritainand34 othergovernmentsstillrecognisetheBalticrepublic,assov-

YCW ACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St George'sTerrace,Perth. 'Phone:B2646.

SHENTON PARK BRANCH.

OnWednesdayevening,April 23,theY.C.W.,ShentonPark Branch,w,11beofficiallyinauguratedThefirstportionof theeveningwilltaketheform ofadance,commencingata p.m. HisGracetheArchbishophas kindlyconsentedtobepresent, andwillblessthebadgesand bannerofthenewbranch.AccompanyingHisGracewillbe theDiocesanDirector,Rev.Dr. Sullivan,andmembersofthe DiocesanCouncil. Wetrustthatthisfunction willgiveustheimpetusrequiredtor,akethisbranchaflourishingexampletotheyouthof theparish.Theleadersextend asi,rdialinvitationtoallfolk interestedintheestablishment ofthenewbranch,andguaran teeapleasanteveningwithexcellentsupper,orchestraand floor. Football.

ereignandindependentnations.

FormerSecretaryofStateJames F.Byrnes,sentformalnotesto theeffectthattheU.S.Governmentdoesnotrecognisethevalidityoflegislativeactsofthe regimesfunctioningintheBalticStates.YettheRussians continuetostaythere,andnone ofthegreatPowershadmade anydemarchetowardasking themtogo.Thisreluctanceor hesitancemaybedictatedby thatamoralandcynical"realism"inpoliticswhichrestson themythoftheBigThreeunity. Thehistoricalsourceofstrength ofWesterndemocracieshasal waysbeentheirmoralfirmness andrespectforprinciplesofin ternationallawandorder.They haveyettomanifesteitheron theBalticquestion.

Withnewcomers,GerrySlattery,BernieNaylor,andDick Reilly,theteamplayedextremelywellandweremostunfortunatetolosebyonepoint.The gamewasthefastestandmoot keenlycontestedmatchofthe evening,andatnotimeduring thefortyminutesofplaywasthemarginbetweenthetwo teamsmorethan8points.Uncertaintyandlackofteamwork costHighgatethematch,bat thesefaultswillbeeradicated now.thattheteamwillbeable topracticetogethereveryFri- daynight.

PlayerstoshinewereAlan Hogan,GerrySlattery,PatMoCaul,DickReilly,BernieNaylorandBernieO'Reilly.Final scoreswere:Rovers,53;Highgate,51.

PlayersarererDindedthat practicebeginsat6.45p.m.every Fridayeveninginthe16th. Batt.DrillHall,BazaarTerrace.

HEADQUARTERS.

Meetingstobeheldduring monthofApril:

Y.C.W.Executive: Thursday,24th.,at7p.m

Y.C.W.SportsCouncil: Thursday24th.,at8p.m.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH. Dances.

CONSULT

(W.A.)LIMITED

77BARRACKSTREET-PERTH

PHONEB3511

WeincorporatewithustheOpticalPracticesofOPTICALSUPPLIES(W.A.)LTD., OPTICALPRESCRIPTIONS(W.A.),LTD., FOY&GIBSON'SOPTICALDEPARTMENT, M.P.RYAN,Optometrist(lateOrientBuildingS), AndHOLLYWOODMILITARYHOSPITAL.

AmongtheinnumerableanomaliesofpostwarEuropeiscertainlythefateofthethreelittle Balticrepublics:Estonia,Latvia, andLithuania.Reportsthat filterthroughonlyconfirmthose chargeslevelledagainstRussia byBalticrepresentativesabroad andbyAmericansofBalticdescent,astheyvoicedespairing butlittle-heardpleasforassistance.Theiraccusationsare unanimousononepoint:theSovietGovernment,contrarytothe AtlanticCharterandothersolemndeclarationsmadeduring thewar,iskeepingtheseStates inpoliticalslavery.Towhat degreetheRussianshavesucceededinenslaving once freeEstonians,Latvians, Lithuanians,isindicatedinareportwhichappearedin"The Economist"ofLondon,areliable journalnotentirelyunfriendly totheSoviets.Thepictureof whatishappeningintheBaltic Stateswaspresentedonthe basisofinformationprovidedfor themostpartbytheRussian pressandradiothemselves.It seemsthattheRussiansaredeportinganever-largernumber oflocalBalticinhabitantsto forced-labourcampsintheSoviet Union,andthatloyalandprovenCommunistsareimportedto taketheplaceoftheformer. Allnationalleadersorpersons whopotentiallymightbesuch, andespeciallytheintelligentsia oftheBalticnationswerekilled offduringthefirstSovietoccupationin1940.Butmassdeportationsofthepopulationsof Estonia,LatviaandLithuania beganwiththesecondSovietoccupationin1944.Thedetailsof deportationproceedingswere meticulouslyworkedoutinthe "Serovinstruction,"originating withtheMinistryofStateSecurity,Moscow.Thisofficialdocumentwasprefacedbythepropositionthat"deportationofantiSovietelementsfromtheBaltic Statesisataskofgreatpolitical importance."Classificationof these"enemiesoftheState"is

Thebranchfootballteamhas beenwellestablishedandisprogressingsatisfactorily.Several practiceshavebeenheld,all largelyattended,particularly lastweek,whenoverthirtyboys tookpartinahalf-hour'sscratch match.Theladsareconfident thattheywillbeabletomore thanholdtheirownintheforthcomingfootballcompetition.

CATHEDRAL BRANCH. Ourcarnivaldance,heldon EasterMondaynight,wasan outstandingsuccess.WeextendourthankstoMissPat Hayes,whosangseveralnumbersduringthecourseofthe eevning.

Itwasgratifyingtoseeso manymembersfromotherbranchespresent,andwehopethey willbewithusagainatour nextdance,onFriday,April18.

Thebranchsufferedagreat losswiththeappointmentofits energeticChaplainandfounder, Rev.FatherBrennan,toanother postinthediocese.Whileregrettinghisdeparturefromthe parish,allmembersofthebranch wishhimeverysuccessinhis newundertaking.

Sport.

FootballtrainingistocommenceonSundaymorningat 10.16a.m.inForrestPark.This yearwehopetobeassuccessful asourlastseason,andwemust trainevenharderthanbefore, forallindicationspointtomuch stifferoppositionfromother branches.

Social.

Theopeningdanceoftheseasonwasverysuccessful,andcreditmustbegiventomembers ofthesocialcommitteewhodid morethantheirshareinpreparingthehail.Thedanceswill beheldfortnightlyonevery otherFridayeveningatthe HighgateParishHall,cornerof HaroldandVincent-streets. Dancingclasseswillcommence onSunday,April27,aftereven!rigDevotions,andwillcontinue eachweekthroughoutthewintermonths. BasketBall.

TheHighgateY.C.W.basket ballteamplayeditsfirstcompetitivematchofthenewseason, whenitmetRovers,atClaremont,lastWednesdayevening.

Everyoneenjoyedthemselves thoroughlyatourEasterCarnival,andwecanassurethatour danceswillbeuptoahighstan-dardinthecomingseason.The nextdanceisonFriday,18th inst.,at8p.m.

Football.

Allintendingplayersareaskedtocomeforwardbeforeitis toolate.Thefixturesopen earlyinMay,andLeederville hasthetalenttoformasound combination.Trainingisat GreeneSquareonTuesdayand Thursday mornings.eveningsandSunday Library.

Ourlibraryisnowoperating, withNevilleBrownnggis charge.BooksmaybeobtainedfromNevilleatthebranch meetings.

Radio

FORTHEMILLION

Thisisthetitleofthepamph letdescribing-ourCorrespondenceCourseinWireless.

TheCourseconsistsof26lessons,andisunusuallycomprehensive.Allunnecessarytechnicaltermsareavoided.Itwill teachyoutounderstandandbe abletorepairalltypesofradios. Ifyouareinterested,cut outthisadvertisementandreturnittous. Fulldetailswillbeforwarded toyouraddresswithoutobligation.

Name

Address

SheffieldHouse,713-21HaySt.,

CAnAustraliantobeProudof-F.J.SHEED

ForemostLayExponentof Church'sDoctrine

Hisnameis,ofcourse,in "Who'sWho."Heisbywayof beinganinternationalCatholic celebrity,writes"TheCatholic Herald"

Underthatname,Sheed,FrancisJyouwillfindmuchrelevantinformation.HeisqualifiedasalawyerbydegreestakenatSydneyUniversity.He wasborninthatcity48years ago.Heholdsmanyacademic honours,haswonmanyprizes, beenawardedsomemedals.He isapublisherofinternational standinganddistinction.London,NewYork,nowBrussels. Hehasgatheredauthorsfromall Europeandgiventheirworkto alltheworld.Theirwork,like his,hasbeenCatholicinevery senseoftheword;ithas,one suspects,beenpartofaplan. Butmoreofthatlater. Writer:Orator.

Youwillalsoobserveunder thenamethatheistheauthor ofaformidablelistofvolumes onwhatwerehithertoweighty subjects.Thesealsoformpart oftheplan.There,apartfrom personalfamilydetails,thedossierstops.It,assuchnotesdo, hasomittedtheessentialpoint inthecharacteroftheperson underreview.Ifyouhaven't beenapartofSheed'scareerandifyouareanintelligentCa tholicyououghttohavetohave been-youcangetthispointby askinghim.

Musterupyourimpertinence.

donacrashhelmet(atoughand tenaciousstaffprotectshimfrom hisownhospitalityandimportunatecallers),gotohisoffice. whichrestsonthebendofFleet StreetandLudgateHill,andsay:

"Whatdoyoudowithyourself,Sheed?"

He'llrousehimselffroma floodofpapers,pulluphisshirt sleeves,cockoneeyeatyou, andreply:"Me!I'mastreetcornerorator."

Thatisexactlywhatheis.

AHydeParkorator. ToughSchooL

Thecareercommencedin1920 whenayoungAustralianstudent,whohadcometoEngland todopost-graduatework,bought aticketforaCatholicEvidence GuildconcertafterMassone SundayinSt.Patrick's,Soho. Theyearsbeforehadbeenspent betweenschool,universityand bathinginSydneyHarbour.He hadlivedinahighstreetwhich randownhilltothesea.He looksatriflesentimentalwhen herecallsthosedays.Itwould seemheseeshisyouthasbathedinsunshine.Hismotheris Irish,borninEngland,ayoung MissMaloney,whotravelledto Australiawhenshewas13;last yearshetravelledbacktoAustralia,fromtheStates,ina freighter;sheisnowapproaching80.Hisfatherwasa "Marxist."Heneverattended aCatholicschool.Allthese thingswenttofashiontheSheed

RACINGSELECTIONS

By"TTIEHAWK." W.A.T.C.

Saturday,April19,1947.

WANTED.

WantedforNorthamPresbytery,amiddle-agedCatholicmarriedcouple.Thewomantoact ashousekeeperatthePresbytery,themantobecaretakerof theChurch,Hallandgrounds. Goodaccommodation.Forfurtherdetails,applytotheParish Priest,CatholicPresbytery,Northam.

wenowknow.Thestaunchly Catholicmother,thepuzzling,rebelliousfather,andtheadventurous,sun-soakedAustralian city,initselfprovidingtheconditioningofonewhoseemsto takethetoughesthurdlesinhis stride.HecametoEngland and,whetherhewantedtoor not,hedidconquerinhisown sphere.Buthehadtofindit first.

C.E.G.Contacts. HewenttotheC.E.G.concert intheCathedralHall.He'll tellyouthatwhenhearrivedhe sawalargecrowdmakingits wayintothemainhallanda smallgrouptricklingintoasideroom.Undertheimpression thatsmallgroupsindicateintelligence,hededucedthatwhile theremightbemusicforthe mass,therewouldcertainlybe teaforthecoterie.Soheenteredthelittleroom.Andat thatmomenthisfutureclicked intoposition,becameonewith hispresentandpast.Hewas partoftheC.E.Gtraininggroup attachedtotheparish.Hewas anextremelyignorantCatholic. Hedidnot-ashewilltellyou, "evenknowthemarksofthe Church"Hehadneverheard oftheVaticanCouncil.Hehad tostartfromscratch. Itwouldtakemoreimaginationthanthepresentwriter couldmustertoattempttodescribetheamountofworkSheed musthaveputintothoseearly years.Whenhemadehisdebutinpublic,underaLondon lampwhichdoubtlessmadethe darknessbeyondlookdarker,he wasnospell-binder.Thateveningheformedpartofthegroup ledbyMaisieWard,thesenior speaker Shehadmustereda largeaudience.Hedissipated itItwasprobablyarequired experience.SheedisveryAustralian.

HomericEfforts.

Twoyearsafterhisfirstvisit toaC.E.G.meetinghewasMacteroftheWestminsterCatholic EvidenceGuild.ThisincompanywithfigureslikeFather MartindaleandFatherVincent McNabb.

Sincethenhehasfoundedthe GuildinAustralia.Hewasfirst C.E.G.MasterinSydney.He hasspokeninUnionSquare, NewYork.Butitwasfrom theLondoncrowdsthatheworkedoutthetechniqueofexpositionwhichhasmadehimtheunparalelledlay,exponentofthe Church'sdoctrine.Sheedmust havegiven-commencingwith hishandicaps-Homericefforts tohisstudyofhissubjects;the amountofstudyhegavethe

crowdislikelytobeoverlooked. TheproperstudyofMankindis God.Sheedknowsthat-he alsoknows,whatisalmostthe firstprincipleforthelayapos- tle,thatagooddealcanbe learnedofGodbyastudyof Hisimageandlikeness.-

Theinterveningyearshave beenmarkedbyeffortandatt.:cesaPehasstumpedEngland, Scotland,Wales,Australia,and theUnitedStates.Heisan honorarycitizen,well-lovedby thosewhowouldtrytodothe taskhehasmadehislife'swork. Fornotonlydoesheexpound thetruthofCatholicism;he makesitglowwiththehappiness whichhehasfoundinit.

ClarityandCourage.

Twocharacteristicshehasin commonwithArnoldLunn, whosefirstbooks,asaCatholic, Sheedgavetothepublic.He notonlyexplainswithstartling claritythecomplexdoctrinesof Catholicism,buthespeakswith suchunalterableconfidencethat heinvestshisaudiencewiththe couragethefaithfulneedin thesedays.Itisanaspectof theworkofbothmenthatistoo oftenoverlooked.Notonlyhave theybeenresponsibleforhundredsofunseendefendersofthe Faith.Theyhavedonethejob soconfidentlythatinnumerable workshops,factoriesandlabour exchangeshavetheirritatingbut necessaryappendageofanintellectualcommando,whosemufflerandclothcapbelieanalmost brutalcontemptforthevarieties ofheresyandaBren-likeability todemolishsuch.

GodandMan.

ThatisSheed'ssuccess.That washisplan.Observethe bookshehaspublished.Look athislist.Studyhisworks. Allaredesignedtoilluminate thePlanofGod.Notetheir titles.AGroundPlan!A Map!ThewordsGodandMan recur.Whenheproducesan

anthologyofverseitisprefaced byanexplanationofhowone shouldreadpoetry-thisforthe chapinHydePark-andwhat followsisthevisionofGodas seenthroughthecenturiesby Catholicpoets.Sheedknows thatthevisionisthefocalpoint ofMan'slife.Theshrewdest explanationofthesuccessof Marxismeverwrittenistobe foundintheblurbhewrotefor oneofhisownbooks,"CommunismandMan."TheCommunististhemanwithawrong

OldAquinians' HockeyClub

(ByRoll-In.)

NextSaturdaywillseethe 1947hockeyseasonofficially open,astheteamstakethefield fortheirfirstencounters. Erethisallplayersshouldbe wellonthewaytotopform,for itisalwaysthefirstoneortwo matchesoftheseasonwhich provethethoroughnessofthe prefirst-matchtraining.Itis uptoeachclubmembertoensureforhisteam'ssakethathe isproperlyfitandabletoplay agood,hardgame.

Thisclubistakingthefield strongerthaneverbefore,havingfiveteamsentered.Even atthislatestagemorenew membersareneededtofillthe fifty-fiveplaces.Lastweek-end's practisesproducedtwoorthree verywelcomemen-byname, PeterTravers,JohnRodoreda, BobRiggandPatVrendiville. Theywereallheartilywelcomed,trainedhard,andallshowed.greatpossibilities.

vision,butavision.Sheedhas offeredhisowninplaceofthat evilnihilisticviewoflifeand eternity.Theamountofgood hehasdonecannotbemeasured.Itwillliveafterhim.In themeantimehecarrieson,and ifyouwanttoknowwhereheis nowoperating,takeastrollby HydeParkCornerthisweek-end. Ifheisnotthere,reachinghis voicerightupEdgewareRoad heisnotinEngland.But hisvoiceiscarryingthevision somewhere.

Amongthosewhomitishoped willrallyroundtheclubagain areJ.Edwards,J.Tucker,G. Mackay,andAlecBertola.

Theclub'sscoutsarewonderingjusthowW.Gibson,junr isplanningonspendingtheseason-astalwartoftheCollege whowouldindeedbewelcomed. Forthosemanyex-Aquinians whohaveheardofthehockey club'sdoings,andwhoarenot activelyparticipatinginany specificsportingprogramme,wouldtheypleasecontactanyof thefollowingpersonnelforclub information:G.Ardag,h(B9191, ext.58),B.Conroy(B9707),B. Kennedy(B3889orMU1561).

ACCOMMODATION.

Wantedbyquiet,elderlylady,singleroom,furnishedorunfurnished;Subiacopreferred,but notessential.RO15. Boardandresidenceavailable inprivateR.C.home;suitable businesslady;nearbusstop. B.M.P.,thisoffice. Youngbusinessladywouldlike boardandlodging,convenient tocity.PleaseapplyY.L.,this office.

CarmelMaiden:BaffetPlate, 1;LochShiel,2;Olymba,3. PickeringHandicap:Atom Lad,1;SmilingSweetly,2;BurmaRoad,3. BickleyHandicap:Brazos,1; Monisan,2;Olyatic,3. WallistonHandicap:Parallax, 1;Cherbourg,2;Pantive,3. SwanViewHandicap:Home Front,1;Topmast,2;Smithie,3. MahoganyWelter(2):Seven Oaks,1;Hussar,2;Opera House,8. MahoganyWelter(1):Cherbourg,1;Pandennis,2;Distinction,8.

Leaders'Retreat.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Rehearsals.

OnSundaynext,April20,the chorus,balletandthe16people inthe"CubanFairwillberectuiredintheHallafterDevotions.

GeneralMeetings areheldonalternateWednesdays,ntheParishHall.Physicaltrainingisheldaftermeetings.Thenextmeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,April30,at 8p.m.

CombinedRally forY.C.W.andN.C.G.M.memberswillbeheldonMondaynext (April21),intheParishHall, at8p.m.Tournamentsintable tennis,badminton,andquoits willbeheld,aswellasadebate betweentheboysandthegirls.

CarnivalDance.

OurEasterCarnival,heldon 7th.inst.,wasagreatsuccess. Representativesfrommanyof ourneighbouringparisheswere present.

Aspecialhighlightofthe eevningwasapublicformof congratulationsfromthecrowd ("Fortheyarejollygoodfellows")toBasilBerry,whohas justannouncedhisengagement toBernadetteDillon Bothare staunchsupportersofthemove, mentsinLeederville,andsothe verybestofluckiswishedto them.Weexpectmoreofthis sortofthinginthenearfuture, whatwithHighgatecominggood withawedding,andBelmont (BernieHanson)andWest Perth(RonaLandquist)announcinganengagementtoo.

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS.

ExecutiveMeeting:

Monday,April28,1947,at8 p.m.

MarianLodgeCommittee:

Wednesday,April16,at6p.m.

Wednesday,April30,at6p.m.

Eachbranchisrequestedto haveadelegateatthiscommitteemeeting.

Itisexpectedthattherewill beafullhousefortheRetreat tobeheldonApril26and27, buttheremaybeafewlastminutevacancies.Anygirlwho waspreventedfrommakingthe lastRetreat,andwhowishesto gothistime,isaskedtoleave hernameatHeadquartersimmediately(PhoneB2546).

SUBIACOBRANCH.

BasketBall.

Thebasketballseasonhasalmoststartedagain.Wehope tohiveatleasttwoteamsand, maybe,apossiblethree.Heather Asquith,MargaretCollopy,and LesleyHollandhavebeenelectedcaptains.Thereistobea practiceonSaturday,the19th irst.,at2p.m.,ontheSchool Court.

Choir.

ChoirpracticeeverySunday eveningafterDevotions. MarianLodge.

Inspiteofthefactthatour numbersweresmall,wehadan excellenttimeattheLodgelast week-Fnci.TheLodgeisopen forholidays.

GeneralMeeting.

Tuesday,29th.inst.,at8p.m.. Tablotennistournamentsafter meetings.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

AbriefsummaryoftheChaplain'stalkattheLiturgy meeting,heldonThursday,April 10,wasasfollows:

TheCatholicChurchisthe workofGod.TheHandof Godisseeninthemiracleof theChurch'sunity;unityingovernment,unityinfaithandunity inworship.TheHandofGodis alsoseeninthemiraculoussanctityofsomanyofherchildren andthemiracleoftheChurch's stability.

Tostressthestabilityofthe Churchthroughtheages,from anhistorian'spointofview,the Chaplainreadapassagefrom theworksofLordMacaulay,the well-knownProtestanthistorian.

AtthenextLiturgymeeting, whichwilltakeplaceinthe DiscaRoomsonThursday,April 24,at8p.m.,theProofsofthe existenceofodwillbediscuss. ed.

YouthMovementsofArchdiocese

WelcometheArchbishop

HisGracePresentsSports'Trophies

MembersoftheYoungChristianWorkersandtheNational CatholicGirls'Movementgather edintheTownHalllastweekto welcomeHisGracetheArch bishopbacktotheArchdiocese, andtoattendthefirstannual presentationofprizesofthe Y.C.W.athleticclub.Thefunction,atendedby500people,was anoutstandingsuccessinevery way. ThepresidentoftheY.C.W. ,IMr.T.Daly)andthepresident oftheN.C.G.M.(MissM.Gray)

ed.Thatwork,bothforthe Y.C.W.andtheN.C.G.M.,would beallthemoreeffectiveasthe yearswentby.Heexpressed awishthattherewouldbea branchineveryparishwhereit waspossibletoformone. Thebrancheswerebeingrun alongtherightlinesbecausethe movementrecognsedthatitmust takeintoaccountbody,mindand soul.Itwasthedutyofevery. onetoseethatitcontinuedto developalongthoselines.The priestswerecertainlydoing

YouthMovementsthankhim frohisuntiringefforts.

TheYouthMovementsthank thosewhokindlydonatedtrophiestotheY.C.W.SportsCouncil:Rev.Dr.E.SullivanRev. Dr.E.Collins,Rev.FathersE. Dunne,J.Russell,J.Langmead, C.Stinson,J.Lynch;Walsh's Ltd.,PellegriniandCo.,Ltd., ServicePrintingCo.,Bowraand O'Dea,HibernianAustralasian CatholicBenefitSociety,HighgateN.C.G.M.,JohnSullivan, LeedervilleC.B.C.OldBoys,Mr.

andMr.BRyan(presidentof theSports'Council),deliveredaddressesofwelcometo HisGraceonbehalfoftheir respectiveorganisatons.His Gracethenpresentedtheprizes wonduringtheyearbymembersoftheY.C.W.

Mr.TDalyandMissGray,in theiraddresses,assuredHis Graceofthecontinuedloyalty andzealofthemembersofthe youthmovement.

HigGracethankedthespeakersandallthosepresentforthe welcometheyhadaccordedhim. Hesaidthatitwasapleasant dutyindeedtobeassociatedwith thefunction,andhewishedto congratulateallwhohadwon creditontheathleticfield.By thersuccesstheyhadbrought honourtotheirsportingclub,to theY.C.W.,andtotheChurch towhichtheywereprivileged tobelong.Hewishedthemsuccessintheathleticcontests whichlay ahead.

HisGracesaidthathewishedalsotothankthosewhohad donatedthewonderfulselection ofcupsandtrophies.Hehimselfwaspleasedtopresenta shieldforaperpetualtrophy, andindoingsohewishedtoindicatetheverylivelyinteresthe hadintheCatholicAction movementandhisfaithinits continuedsuccess.

Themovementhad,withthe helpofGod,cometostay,said HisGrace,andanythinghe coulddotofurtherthecauseof themovementhewouldcertainly dowithpleasure.

Hewashappytobethereto givehiswhole-heartedsupport andencouragementtothatgloriousapostolate,andhewashappy tobeamongthosewhowereresponsibleforcontinuingthe movementandforpushingit forward,slowlyperhaps,butsecurelyandsurely.

Hehadheardfromthechap.

lainswhatgoodworkwasalreadybeingdoneintheparishes wherebrancheswereestablish-

theirpart,andhewouldliketo thankallthosewhowerehelpingandtoaskthemtocontinue togivetheirsupport.Parents, inparticular,shouldrealisewhat wasbeingdonefortheirsons anddaughtersandgiveevery possibleassistancetothemovement.Therewouldbedifficultiesahead,buttheywouldbe ironedout.Futuregenerations wouldhavereasontobegrate fultothosewhowereresponsibleforfoundingtheyouth movementshereintheArchdiocese.

Hewantedthemembersof theyouthmovementtorealise that,althoughitwascontrolled bythemselvesfortheirown benefit,theyhadadutytoput intopracticethespiritualadviceoftheirspiritualdirectors Thecareofthebody,important asitwas,wasonlyasecondary consideration,ameanstoan end.Theendwasthemaking ofgoodCatholicsandgoodAustraliancitizens.

Heknewthattheyouth wouldrealisetheirresponsibilityandgiveeverygo-operation tothechaplainswhowereadvisingthem.

WhileinRomehehadvisited theHolyFather.CatholicActionwasnearanddeartohis heart,andhewishedtoimpart tothemaspecialblessing.

HisGracethankedthechaplainsandthespiritualdirector (theRev.Dr.Sullivan)forgivingtheirtimeandenergyto thefurtheranceofthemovement.

Beforethepresentationof prizesanentertainmentwas givenbyvariousartists.

Theeveningopenedateight o'clockwithMr.JohnSullivan conductinganon-stopvariety show,inwhichmembersofthe variousY.C.W.andNCG.M branchespresenteditems.

Thesuccessoftheeveningand theeventsleadinguptothe presentationwasduelargelyto Mr.JohnSutherland,andthe

L.Harty,Mr.C.Berry,Mr.R. J.Honner. Thereareothers,whowished toremainanonymous,andto thesealsoweexpressourappreciationoftheirkindness.

.+041,..............,"?1,411,11`44.116

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Beast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

J.NEILSON

OPTICIAN

S.DANNELL,F.S.M.0(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST. TeL32014. 16PLAZAARCADE.PERTH.

T.VIVIAN

143RokebyRoad,Subiaco.W1533.

FORSEWERAGECONNECTION& BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains, CisternandRoofRepairs. T.V. ModelBathHeatersnowavailable.

S.BEECROFT,Butcher 181RokebyRoad,Subiaco. OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold Mums:W1373.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent

1102HAYSTREET

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. Ring35341and35331.

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST..PERTH WOOD&COALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo. Phones331311.

RecordNumberofUniversity StudentsonNewmanSunday

Praise,ReverenceandServiceofGod

TherewasarecordattendanceGod'slaw.Mostofthecome!230Catholicgraduatesand tmdergraduatesattheNewman SocietyannualCommunionon LowSunday.HisGracethe ArchbishopcelebratedMassin theCathedralat8a.m.,andhe wasassistedbytheRev.J.Murphy,BA.,L.Ph.,Dip.Ed.After theMassmembersattendeda CommunionbreakfastintheCathedralHall,atwhichtheformationofanassociationofCatholicGraduateswasdiscussed. Asub-committeewasformedto arrangeapreliminarymeeting ofgraduates.

ThePresident,Mr.K.H. Rogers,inashortaddress, thankedbothgraduatesand undergraduatesforthewayin whichtheyhad,bytheircorporateact,madesuchasplendiddemonstrationofFaith.Father MurphyconveyedtotheSociety HisGrace'scongratulationson thesuccessoftheoccasion.

Preachingtheoccasionalsermon,theRev.FatherMurphy tookashistextthewords:"Not everyonewhosaithtoMeLord, Lord,shallenterintotheKingdomofHeaven;buthewhodoes theWillofMyFatherwhoisin Heaven,heshallenterintothe KingdomofHeaven."

Weknewwithcertaintyfrom reasonandrevelationthatman hadresponsibilitiestoGod,said thepreacher.Weknew,too, thatfromhimtowhommuch wasgivenmuchwouldberequired.Tothemmuchhailbeen given.Theyhadbeengivenspecialopportunitiesfordeveloping theirmindsandtheirtalents. Theyhadcorrespondinglydeep responsibilities.Thoseresponsibilitiestheywouldfulfilifin allthingstheymadeGod'sholy willtheruleoftheirlifeand conduct.ButwhatwasGod's willforus?WhatdidHeask ustodo?Forwhatpurpose hadheputushere?Thepurposeofourbeingsofarasit concernedthislifewassummed upbySt.IgnatiusLoyolain thethreewords:Praise,Reverence,Service."ManwascreatedtopraiseGod,todoHimreverence,andtoserveHim."

Praiseandreverenceweredispositionsofsoulwhichitwasdesirabletocultivatebecausethey wereinaccordancewithGod's purposeinplacingusherein thisworld.Butwhenwewere remindedthatGodputushere RotonlytopraiseHimand showHimreverence,butalsoto serveHim,wewereatonce broughtwithinthesphereof strictduty.Theideaofserviceinvolvedthetwofoldnotion ofsubjectionandusefulness,and oneachawordmightbesaid.

OursubjectiontoGodconsistedchieflyinavoidingthose thingswhichwereforbiddenby RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.) SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

mandments,ithadbeensaid, commencedwith"don't,"and themorewestudiedthemthe morewesawthatallthoseprohibitionswereentirelyinaccordancewithrightreason.The firstthreeofthethemconcernedourrelationswithGod;they forbadewhatwasmanifestlyinconsistentwithourpositionas rationalcreatures,andcommandedonlyaveryminimumofpositiveobservance.Thenextfive concernedourrelationswithour neighbour,andforbadethose thingswhich,iftheyweregenerallydone,woulddestroythe wholefabricofsociety.The lasttwoconcernedourown thoughts,andwithnolessreason,foritwasplainthatifour thoughtswere-notkeptunder control,theyweresure,sooneror later,toleadtoevilwordsand actions. Butwewerealsocalledupon tomakeourselvesinaverytrue senseusefultoGod-Thatwas agreatandverywonderfulmystery.Antecedently,ofcourse, GodhadnoneedofanyofHis creatures,andwasinnowaydependentonthemforHisown well-being.Butithadpleased Himsotoordertheworldasto makethecarryingoutofHis designsdependentontheco-op- erationofmen.Inthissense Heneeded-Hedeignedtoneed -ourhelp.There,too,Hisdemandforouractiveservicewas, inpartbywayofstrictoblige- tirn,namely,inthosethings whichbelongedtothedutiesof ourstateinlifeorourprofession.

Inthisregardtheirresponsibilitieswerethevitalspiritual responsibilitiesoftheirprofessions,bothtohumanbeingsin particularandtosocietyingeneral.Theiridealwasnotmere competencetoaidself-advancement;theyhadtheidealof workingforandservingtheir fellowbeingsinsuchawaythat inthoseworkerfor,thePerson ofOurLordwasseenandserved.

Moreover,theyhadtheresponsibilitytodevelopthemoraland religiousvaluesintheirprofessions.inteachingandmedicinetheimportanceofthose valuesmustbeevidenttoall whothought.Ineconomics therehadalwaysbeenfailurebecauseitwasnotfoundedonthe truenatureofman,butona falsematerialisticconception"theeconomicman."Andin engineeringandappliedscience, generally,wehadbeenentrancedbytechnicalmarvels,andso luredontocatastrophe,because ourimmenseadvancesintechnicalknowledgehadbeenappliedwithoutanyreferenceto Godortothetruenatureand needsofmen.

"Manwascreatedtopraise God,todoHimreverence,and toserveHim."Thatwasthe purposeofourbeing:praise, reverence,andservice,torender thosetoGodandtoourfellowmenforGod'ssake.Andbe'ausewewereco-operatorswith Godwemustnotmerelylive forourselves,wemuststriveby ouractions,byourverylives,to buildupasocietythatwouldbe trulybasedonChristianvalues.

PriestWarnsEmployers

WORKINGMANISHUMAN.

Rev.LeoC.Brown,S.I.,who twiceinrecentmonthshashelpedtosettlelong-standingSt. Louslabourcontroversies,deela!esthat"dailyexperience slywsthatlabourdisputesoften haveonlytheremotestrelation towagesoreconomicadvantage,"inanarticleintheSt. Louis University "Alumni News."

"Byonlyslightoversimplification,"writesFatherBrown,who isdirectorofthelabourschool attheuniversity,"weneeddistinguishbutthreeaspectsofindustrialrelations:theeconomic, relatingtowagelevels,productionandsoforth;thejuridical concerningobligationsimposed bylawandcollectivebargaining;andthehuman,embracing thosecharateristicswhichespeciallyreflectthefactthatemployeesarepersonsandsocial beings.

"Theimportanceoftheeconomicandjuridicalaspectshas beenrecognisedbyindustryand thepublicandgivenattentionin thescentificandpopularpress.

"Butthehumanaspect,which isofoverwhelminglygreater importance,hasbeenlargely neglected."

FatherBrownadvisesemployerstolookbeyondthereasons forlabourdisputestofindthe causes.

1821)

PrivateMortuary,MotorVehicles ChargesModerate. Phone215.

Phone13. Box124 AustraliaHotel

HALGOORIJE

C.T.A.

M.J.DILLON,Licensee.

PersonalDignity.

"Ashumanbeings,allofus haveasenseofdignityandpersonalworth.Wedeeplyresent affrontsfromthosewhosepositionsorauthoritypreventequal retort.Yettheimportanceof thisfactisoftenoverlookedin industrialrelations.

"Associalbeings,"hecontinues,"menneedsocialstatus andsocialapprobation.They needtofeelthattheyarewanted;thattheyhaveandfilla placeinsociety;thattheircontributionisimportant;andthat theirimportanceisrecognised byequalsandsuperiors.

"Thisproblem,however,isnot onlyaproblemofindustry.It isour_commonconcern.Itis especiallytheconcernofthe universities.Theyhaveaided industrytoachievematerialand

NewOblateSuperior WelcomedatFremantle

OutstandingWarRecord

packedwithmen;nearlyfour hundredbeingpresent.Father Byrnepreachedaneloquentsermononthepricelesstreasureof theFaith.

AfterDevotionsalladjourned toSt.Patrick'sHall,wherea socialwasheld.Asplendid musicalprogramme,together withadelightfulsuppers,was enjoyedbythemen.AninterestingfeaturewasthefirstpublicappearanceoftheSt.Patrick'sBranchoftheHolyName Orchestra.Itacquitteditself withcredit.

TheC.B.C.,Fremantle,Holy Nameboys,underBrotherMcBrien,contributedtwosongs. FatherG.O'Learyandselected tenorsandMasterPeterColleranalsogaveitems.

VERYREV.FATHER BYRNE,O.M.L

VeryRev.W.Byrne,O.M.I., hasbeenappointedParish PriestofSt.Patrick's,Fremantle,andSuperioroftheOblate Community.BorninIreland 44yearsago,FatherByrnewas ordainedattheageof25.ComingstraighttoAustralia,he wasassignedtotheOblate FathersMissionStaffinthe EasternStates. Duringthewarheservedas Chaplaininthe9th.Division,

DuringthecourseoftheeveningtheretiringSpiritualDirectorofthebranch,Rev.D.Breslin,0.M.I.,introducedFather Byrne,andassuredhimthathe wouldfindtheHolyNamemen ofFremantlesecondtonone.He wasablysecondedinhisremarksbyFatherO'Leary,of Palmyra,whohadagoodrepresentationofhismenpresent.

FatherO'Learysaidthat,althoughitwasover25years sincetheOblateFathersleft Palmyra,theyarestillrememberedwithaffectionandgrate-

technicalperfection.Theymust, iftechnicalprogressistobene. fitmankind,helpitdevelop equalskillwithitsproblemsof socialorganisation.

"Aboveall,mustitbetheconcernofCatholicuniversities. Onlycorrectsocialphilosophy canbuildsoundsocialorganisa- tion."

THESOVIETS,THESTATE

ANDTHEPERSON.

TheUnitedNationsHuman RightsCommissionbroughtits discussiondowntobedrockconceptsonFebruary4.Fromthe proposedlistofrightstheSovietdelegate,V.T.Tepiliakov, urgedthedeletionofthefollowing:therightsoflife,ofpersonalliberty;prohibitionofslaveryandcompulsorylabour;right topetition'nationalgovernmentsandtheUnitedNations; non-retro-activityofpenallaws; rightofpropertyandprohibitionofunlawfulexpropriv freedomofmigration;freedom toresistoppression.Suchrights were,heclaimed,eithersuperfluouS,beyondthepowerofthe UNorcontrarytolocallawsand customs.Dr.CharlesMalik,of Lebanon,putforwardafour. pointproposalstressingthe "priority"ofthehumanperson tothegroupandthesacredness andinviolabilityofhismindand conscience;andthat"thegroup canbewrong,justasthehuman personcanbe."Repliedthe Sovietdelegate:"Youcan'tdividetheindividualfromsociety orthesocietyfromtheindividual."Inanswertothisand othercriticism,Dr.Maliksaid: "I'mnotarbitrarilysettingthe stateagainsttheinvididualor viceversa.Butwhich,1ask, isforwhich?IsaytheStateis fortheindividual."Thatisindeedthefundamentalquestion betweenEastandWest.We knowonlyoneanswer.

LANDANDESTATEAGENTG.H.TEEDE

Phone31-Private287 SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY.

Businesses,Farms.Houses,Land ForSale.

PadreByrnescelebratedMassontheSatelbergroadside,Finschafen,NewGuinea,within150yardsofJapaneseposition. MortarfirewascontinuousduringtheMass. andsawserviceinEgypt,North Africa,SyriaandNewGuinea. Hisdevotiontodutyandhisunflaggingandverysuccessfuleffortstocaterforthespiritual needsoftheCatholicDiggers wonunstintedpraisefromeven non-CatholicArmyGenerals.He hadseveralremarkableescapes fromdeath.Ononeoccasion hewasblownupbyabomband leftfordead.ARequiemMass wassaid,andapanegyric preachedforhim,butthesad newswaspremature.

ParishionersoftheCathedral ParishwillrecallthatFather ByrnewasinchargeoftheMissionpreachedinSt.Mary'slast September,andwhichhadsuch gratifyingresults.

ThenewParishPriestarrivedfromSorrento(Victora)on HolyThursday,andaddresseda combinedrallyofBeaconsfieldSt.Patrick'sHolyNamemenon SundayeveninglastThe mainbodyofthechurchwas

fulesteembytheCatholicpeoplethere.

Whentheguestoftheeveningrosetospeak,hewasgiven arousingreception.Herelatedsomefunnyreminiscencesof Armylife,anditwassoonevidentthathewascompletelyat homeinmen'scompany.His enthusiasmandaptcommandof language,hisgraciousnessand friendlysmile,arehappyauguriesofafruitfulapostolatein theWest.

Itwasanoccasionthatwillbe longrememberedbyallwho werepresent,andrecalledto manythegoodolddaysinS' Patrick's.Thesingingof "FaithofOurFathers"brought ahappyeveningtoaclose. Eachmanwasintroducedto FatherByrneonleavingthe hall.

Theladies'committee,headed byMissC.Farrell,deservemuch praisefortheirshareincateringfortheevening'sentertainment.

RADIOSPECIALISTS

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,APRIL16,1947.

CatholicRadicalism

TheglibtongueofCommunisrriisforeverrepeating thatthe"reactionaryRomanHierarchy"isaidingand abettingtheforceswhichmakeforwarandFascism. Onemaypasslightlyoverthelasttag,rememberingthe heroicstandtheGermanHierarchymadeagainstthe paganideologyofNationalSocialism,andhowtheCardinalArchbishopofMalinesswungthepoliticalpendulumagainstDegrelle.Itisbecomingevidentthateven aliegrowsstalethroughtoofrequentrepetition.But whenCommunismaccusestheCatholicHierarchyofbeing reactionary,itmakesajokeatitsownexpense.For, whateverelsemaybeclaimedforCommunism,nostretch oftheimaginationcanmakeitappearprogressive.Itis reactionaryinthehighesthistoricalsense.Itstrivesto puttheclockbacktwothousandyears.Itdemandsa restorationofsocialsecuritythroughtheslaveryofthe massesononesideandCaesarismontheother.One maythinkitagoodthingtowipeoutreligion.Butitis notnewanditisnotprogressive.ForNeroattempted towipeoutChristianity,andwhatevermaybeadversely 'allegedaboutthepresentconditionofChristianity,itis atleastcertainthatNeroisverydead.

4

Thesocialdilemmareallydemandsareplytothe question:Whatisthecriterionofprogress?Communism,initsantiquatedway,findsthemeasureofman'slibertyin-freebreadandcircuses,astheRomansdid.But progressfromtheChristiananglepostulatesaspiritual thingcalledfreedom.Andcollectiveownershipisnot freedombutabarbaricrevivalofmass bureaucracy. Initsultimateaspectnothingcouldbe flatterthanalogicallydevelopedCommunism.Itwould regimentatehumanpersonalityandhumanactivitytoan evengreaterdegreethantheindustrialisedorderofcapitalisticsocietyto-day.ItistheChristianorderalonethat isradicalinthetruesenseofpiercingtotherootofthe problem.Nothingcanbeconceivedmorerevolutionary thantheprogrammeofsocialreconstructionoutlinedby PopesLeoXIII.,PiusXI.,andPiusXII.Insteadofdemandingmerelyachangeoftheformoftyrannyasdoes Communism,thePapalplandemands,firstly,achangeof heartandofamansattitudetolife,andtheninpracticethesimplelifesecuredthroughprivatepropertyand contentmentwithadecentsufficiencyforall.

4

Inthefieldofdoctrinenothingismoreexcitingthan orthodoxy.Regardingthesocialordernothingismore revolutionarythansocialjustice.Thatispreciselywhy thePapalencyclicalshavegoneunheededbylargenumbersofCatholics.Theyaretoodrasticforthemediocre. WheneveronelistenstoaCommunistorator,oneiscompelledbythefactthatheagitatesnotforadifferentorder, butforapatchingoftheexistingone.Hedoesnotdemandproperty-fortheworker,whichwouldmakehimeconomicallyfree,butonlyabettermentofwagesandconditionsinhispresentservilecondition.Toaccomplish this,theCommunistwouldhavearevolutioninblood,so thatultimatelyStalinmaysitonthethroneofRothschild. SowesaythatCommunismisnotradical,andnoteven revolutionary.ItisCapitalism'sbestally,becauseit tendsonlytoimproveconditionswithinthepresentsystem,andsomaketheworkercontentwithit.Catholicismisthetrueradicalism.Itfomentsintheworkerthe terribledesiretobeamanandthereforefree,asbecomes hisnatlirc.Howstrangeanopiumisreligion!

OldAquinians'Association

TheBoatRaceNightDinneroftheAssociationwillbe heldonSATURDAY,MAY3rd.

Owingtorestrictionofcateringsuppliesithasbeenfound necessarytomakedefinitereservations,anditwillnotbepossibletosellticketsatthedoor.

Allmembersdesiringtoattendarethereforerequestedto forwardtheirsubscription(15s.)bythe28th.insttotheTreasurer,MrB.T.Conroy,Walsh'sLimited,HayStreet.

LibraryLectures

AMostinterestinglectureon "ModernFrance"wacgivenby Mr.LionelLobsteinattheCentralCatholicLibraryonFriday last,April11.Alargeaudi enceshoweditsappreciationof anablespeaker,whogavea graphicdescriptionofFrance andtheFrench.Mr.Lobstein spentaconsiderabletimein Francebeforethewar,alsoGer.

MRS.NORALYNAN.

many,anditishopedthatat somefuturedatethisentertainingspeakermaybeavailable foranothertalkontheContinentalcountries. ThenextLibrarylecturewill takeplaceonMonday,April28. ThespeakerwillbeMrs.Nora Lyman,avisitorfromIndia.She isinapositiontospeakwith muchauthorityontheBurmaIndiasituation,havingbeenengagedinArmyactivitiesduring thewar.ShelecturedtoBritishtroops,andsheshouldhave newsofunusualinterestforall concerned.Watchnextissuefor furtherinformation.

CATHOLICMISSIONS

HOLYCHILDHOOD.

RonsomRollforMarch,1947.

PresentationConvent,"Iona," MosmanPark,headslistfor March,1947,forransomofblack babies.

PresentationConvent,"Iona," MosmanPark:19. St.Joseph'sSchool,Queen's Park:8. St.Thomas'ConventSchool, Claremont:16. St.Joseph'sSchool,Queen's Park:5. St.Peter'sDominicanConvent School,BedfordPark:13.

LEGION OFMARY

--

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters)

EXPOSITION

Nowthatasupplyofcandles hascometohand,Expositionof theBlessedSacramentwillbe heldeveryThursdayintheLegionofMaryChapelatthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,ActiveandAuxiliary,and totheCatholicpeopleingeneral, topayavisitduringtheday. Expositioncommencesafter8 a.m.Massandconcludeswith Benedictionat5.30p.m..

ROSARY

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 andagainat1.30p.m.Makea practiceofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheLitnclieonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 in, Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.ThisDericeisavailabletoall,andbusiness Girlsareespeciallyincitedinspend theirlunchhourinthehappyenvironmentoftherooms.

Archbishop'sEngagements

April20: ConfirmationandCanonical VisitationatLesmurdie.

7.30p.m.:Officialopeningof branchofY.C.W.andN.C.G.M atSt.Brigid's,WestPerth.

April23,8.15p.m.: Officialopeningofbranchof Y.C.W.andN.C.G.M.,atShen. tonPark.

April25(AnzacDay): 8.30a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.PresideatSolemnRequiemMass.

April27,morning: ConfirmationandCanonical VisitationatSt.Joseph's Church,Mt.Barker.

÷ DEATHS 014

HACKETT,HarrietAnne.-In memoryofourlatesister, whopassedawayatSubiaco onApril12.R.I.P. -Insertedbymembersof ThirdOrderofSt.Francis.

WALSH.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulof ThomasPatrickWalsh,who diedonApril12,1947,athis home,44Mackie-street,VictoriaPark.BornatLeenane, JoyceCountry,CountyGalway, Ireland,andformerlyofAdelaide,SouthAustralia;loved husbandofEmmaMary Walsh,fatherofGerty,Jack (deceased),Eileen(deceased), LeoandNancy;father-in-law ofKathleen,andgrandfather ofHarold,Dallas,Johnand Mary. 0,SacredHeartofJesushave mercyonhissoul. RequiescatinPace.

.14INMEMORIAM÷

Inlovingmemoryofourdear Nelly,whodiedApril1,1938. SweetJesus,havemercyon herdearsoul. Alwayssadlymissed.-Insertedbyherparentsand sisters.

CRITCH.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulof F.J.(Frank),whodied24th. April,1945. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife andchildren.

FOLEY.-Inlovingmemoryof W.J.Foley,whopassedaway April17,1945. Mayhissoulrestinpeace.

-Insertedbyhislovingwife andfamily.

MURPHY.-Infondmemoryof mybelovedhusband,Michael, whodiedatSouthernCrosson April19,1936. Foldhim,0Father,inThine arms, Andlethimhenceforthbe Amessengeroflovebetween myhumanheartandThee. -Insertedbyhissorrowing wife,ChristineMary.

O'NEILL.-Inlovingmemoryof Gladys(SisterM.St.Martha),whodiedonApril18, 1938. Alwaysrememberedbyher lovingfather,motherandsister. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyonhersoul.

OLDAQUINIANS'ANNUAL COMMUNION.

TheOldAquinians'Association willholditsannualCommunion andre-uniononSunday,May 25,attheCollege. Masswillcommenceat8.30 a.m.,andbreakfastwillbeheld afterwards.Theschoolbuswill leavefromCanningBridgefor theschoolat8a.m.andagainat 9.15a.m.Afterthebreakfast thebuswillconveymembersto CanningHighway.

Afternoon:

BlessnewschoolatMt.Barker.

May11,11a.m.: PresideatSolemnMassia

St.Mary'sCathedral,onthe occasionoftheopeningofLegionofMaryCongress.

1.30p.m.:AttendConference ofSpiritualDirectorsinConferenceRoom,VictoriaSquare.

3.30p.m.:Blessextensionto St.Teresa'sSchool,Gwelup.

7.30p.m.:Confirmationand CanonicalVisitationatBelmont.

ANZACDAY.

SolemnRequiemMass,inSt. Mary'sCathedral,at8.30a.m. HisGracewillpreside.Rev. Dr.Sullivanwillbethepreacher.

SOUTHPERTHPROCESSION

FIRSTSUNDAYINMAY.

Theannualprocessioninhon. ourofOurLadywilltakeplace onSunday,May4.Theoccasionalsermonwillbepreached bytheRev.FatherR.J.O'Reilly. inSt.Columba'sChurchat3 p.m.Theprocessionwillleave immediatelyafterwards,going alongForrest-street,intoYorkstreet,fortheBenedictioninthe openoutsidetheConventChapel. TheAquinasCadetswillform theguardofhonour.TheparishsodalityoftheChildrenof MaryinvitethevisitingChildren ofMarytoteathatafternoon. Everyoneiswelcometocome andhonourOurLadyonSunday.May4.

"StabatMater"tobe Repeated

METROTHEATRE,APRIL27.

Dvorak's"StabatMater,"for choirandorchestra,whichwas recentlyperformedsuccessfully attheCathedralHall,istobe repeatedintheMetroTheatre, William-street,onthe27th.inst. Theproceedsoftherecitalwill gototheBritishFloodRelief RedCrossAppeal.Thetheatre hasbeenkindlyloanedforthe occasionbytheWesleyTrustees andMetroGoldwynMayerPty., Ltd.Reservedseats(3/6)may hebookedatNicholson'sfrom the21st.inst.Ticketstoall partsofthetheatremaybehad atthedoorat2/6.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

ThenextGuildmeetingwill beheldonTuesdayevening, 22nd.inst.,inBactonHouse,at 8o'clock. Theusualsocialafternoonwill beheldonTuesday,May6,insteadofMonday,May5,which isLabourDay.Thesesocial afternoonspromisetobevery enjoyable,sowewouldliketo seeallmembers,eventhosewho haverelinquishedtheteaching professionforthemarriedstate. Tothosepioneermemberswe owealot,sowewouldliketoentertainthemmoreoften.

OnWednesday,May14,the metropolitanmembershopeto meetCatholicteachersfromthe countryat3o'clock,intheGuild Room.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

Thewelcomehomepartyto Mrs.M.F.TroyhasbeenpostponedtoFriday,May2,at2.30 p.m. Theroomsareopenevery WednesdayforRedCrosswork. DonationstoRedCrossinclude: Mrs.J.Ryan,£1;Mrs.J.O'Dea, 10s;MissFitzpatrick,Mesdames McGregorandThompson,clothing. DonationstotheD.E.P.Fund include:Mr.J.Ryan,£2;Mrs. Yuille,10s;MissDennehy,clothing.

iscriminations

TwoPlaysAbout JOANOFARC

-ANDASQUABBLE!

Afewyearsago,ifonewere tothinkaboutJoanofArcin termsofthetheatre,onewould instinctivelythinkofShaw's"St. Joan"-andSybilThorndike.Now itbehovesonttoascertaincarefullyjustwhichplayaboutJoan ofArcisunderdiscussion.In thisarticleIrefertotwoplays abouttheMaidwhicharecertainlynotsowidelyknownas theShavianepic.

OnBroadwayattheendof lastyearIngridBergmanforsookfilmstemporarilytoreappearonthestage.Theplay wasMaxwellAnderson's"Joan ofLorraine,"personallyselected bythestarforwhomJoanof Archasalwaysbeenapersonal heroine.Andersonhaswritten aplayaboutaplay.Theactionopenswitharehearsalona AFATPART.

Theclasswasstudying"The MerchantofVenice,"whenin walkedaverycorpulentinspector.Heshowedgreatinterest, andtoldtheboyshethoughtit oneofthebestofShakespeare's dramas.

"Iplayedforseveralyearsin 'TheMerchantofVenice.'he boastedtothestudents:"What partdoyouthinkItook?"

Fromthebackoftheroom cameadecidedlyloudwhisper: "Theporndofflesh."

barestage.Thenfollowsa run-throughoftheplay.The actionshiftsbackandforthfrom rehearsaltoplay.

Opinionsabouttheplayvary.

OnonehandtherearetheBergmandevoteeswhocanseeno wronginher;ontheotherhand, therearethosewhomaintain thatBergmanhasbeenshortservicedandleftwithoutanemotionalreturnsufficientlydevastatingtoenableher"totearout theaudience'sheart."Butit seemstobefairlyunanimous thattheplayisasolidcontributiontogoodtheatre.

Itwouldappear,atleastfrom onesource,thattheotherplay"ShePassedThroughLorraine," byLionelHale-deservesnotto beknownatall.Production tookplacelastmonthinBrisbaneundertheauspicesofthe AustralianTheatreGuild.

"TheCatholicLeader,"the officialCatholicorganofthe ArchdioceseofBrisbane,carries aneditorialinitsissueofMarch 20whereintheproductionis scathinglydenounced.Theeditor,DonaghMacDonagh,states thathehaslongbeendevotedto thetheatreandhasservedas actor,producer,directorofathe111111.119111111111111111111111111111t111181111111111131111111111.1111111

YonAreInvitedtoInspectthe NewDisplay Of BRIDAL, CHILDSTUDIES, And GENERALPORTRAITURE displayedat VICTOR (PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

672CENTRALHAYSTREET. (EntranceCouncilAvenue). PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO. ***

TelephoneB4296forAppointments.

I111111uIIIIVIIIIIIII11I,IIIIIIIMIINMINNNNI

AdultEducationBoard MarshallSumner'sRecital

AnAmerican onFilms

etreschool,andprofessional critic.Hedeclaresthat"She PassedThroughLorraine"filled himwithangeranddisgust.Further,heaversthathefailedto recogniseasingleglimmerof dramatictalentamongthecast. Theplayitselfbelongedtothe gutterandshouldhavebeenleft there.Theplotwasflatand obvious,thesituationsincredible, thedialogueilliterateandsuggestive,thecharactersmerely typesturnedoutinarubberstampfactory,theatmosphere wasunreal."Theentirecast posturedandexhibited-hams fromstarttofinish,anduncured hamsatthat."

Tothistrenchantcriticismone oftheleadingplayersintheproductionhasrepliedinacidterms. Butbeforegoinganyfurther oneshouldexplainthat"She PassedThroughLorraine"tells howagirleagerforadventure fleesfromhervillagehomein Francewhenitisattackedby brigands,andgoingtoapeasant housesomedistanceawayshe passesherselfoffasJoanofArc. Thetimeissetfor1436.

Theplayerwhosegallhas beentappedbyMacDonagh's overtthrustisJohnFrancis.He beginsbystatingthatheisa Catholicandhastheaverage Catholic'sknowledgeofandrespectforthepriestlyfunction. Hegoesontosay:

"Ifear,Sir,thatyouarea newcomer,notonlytothedramaticworldofBrisbane,butalso todramaticcriticism.How elsecanbeexplainedyourignoranceofthefactthat,fortwenty years'JohnFrancis'hasplayed withallBrisbaneamateurdramaticorganisations,inavariety ofparts,andisparticularlywell knowntoCatholicaudiences?"

JohnFrancis,itappears,was intheroleof"FatherMichael," andhisportrayalandscandalousbehaviourwereespecially abhorrenttoDonaghMacDonagh.Mr.Francis,afterharanguinghiscriticthroughseveralparagraphs,finallythrows outachallenge:

"TheIrishinmepromptsme tosuggestthatifyoucareto demonstrateyourabilityasan actor,Ishallbeonlytoohappy todemonstratemineinwhatever divisionofdramayouwishto select.I'llgiveyouyourown choice,andwe'llleteitheran audienceorapanelofthreeindependentjudgesdecidebetween us.ProceedstotheMater Mothers'HospitalAppeal."

AndDonaghMacDonaghhas acceptedthechallenge!Inreply hewrites:

"Iacceptyourchallengeand willplaythetitleroleagainst youonalternatenightsinan AustralianTheatreGuildproductionof'Macbeth.'Thatisa goodtest.DatestobearrangedbyMr.LeonBlack."

Weawaitwithinterestthefinal outcome.Theremaybeagood dealofbravadoinallthisand notalittleshowof"tempera. ment."Butithasitsfunny side;andthereissatisfaction tobegainedfromthereflectionthatthestaffsofCatholicpapers arereadyandwillingtodemonstratethattheirinterestsand abilitiesoverflowtheboundsof elementarytheologywherein manywouldliketoconfinethem. -DEGUSTIBUS.

FREMANTLE

Arallyofactiveandauxiliary membersoftheLegionofMary andtheannualparishfunctionof theCrowningofOurLady,Queen ofMay,-willtakeplaceinSt. Patrick'sonWednesday,April 30(theeveofthemonthof May),at7.30p.m. Supperwillbeservedinthe HallimmediatelyafterDevotions,andacordialinvitationis extendedtolegionariesfrom, otherparishesandtoallparishioners.

(ByK.F.W.)

OnSaturdayevening,inthe WinthropHall,MarshallSumner,wellknownPerthpianist, presentedamostinteresting programme.Therecitalwasthe firstofaseriestobeconducted bytheAdultEducationBoard.

Asusual,Mr.Sumnerincluded worksunknowntoPerthaudiencesinhisprogramme.News oftheHorowitzrecordingof Prokofieff'sSonata,No.7,Op. 83,hadalreadyreachedus,so thattheperformanceatthis concertwasofmorethanusual interesttothelargenumberof musicalpeoplepresent.Inthis sonatathepianistachieveda standardofinterpretativeperformancewhichfarsurpassed theearlierworks.Thestronglyplayedrhythmicpatternand welljudgedclimaxofthelast movementwererewardedwith spontaneousandwelldeserved applause.Herewasahigh standardofmusicalcomposition inmodernidiomcourageously andartisticallyexecuted.At firsthearingtheAllegroInquiet° seemedsporadicininterest,and theslowmovementratherordinaryinmelodictreatment.

Nextinmusicalinterestwas theBachCapriccio,"OntheDepartureofaBelovedBrother." Bachitcertainlywasinconstruction,butthethematicwork wassoblatantlyprogramme musicthatHollywoodcouldwell consideritasincidentalfilm

music.Thereisnoinvolved storyinthiswork,norarethere anyhiddenrecurringmotifsin themusicalpattern.Thelamentation,discussionanddeparture ofthepostillionareobvious enoughtobeamusing,andone israrelyamusedbyBach.Mr. Sumnerplayedthenumerousembellishmentswithapleasing crispnessandaltogethergavean interestingperformanceofthis musicaloddity.

AfterhearingtheProkofieff itwasamazingtolookbackon Mr.Sumner'sflippanttreatment oftheBeethovenSonata,Op.28. Iftherecitalhadendedherewe couldreasonablyhavesaid, "Whatapityhecan'tplayBeethoven."Yetallthefaultsin theinterpretationofthisfamous"Pastoral"SonatawerecorrectedintheProkofieff.Here therewasnohalf-heartedattack, nocarelessflippingthelastnote ofaphrase,andnodoubtfulinaccuraciestomartheperformance.Mr.Sumnermayhave purposelysavedhisresources forthelasthalfoftheprogramme,butitwasnotahappy resulttodoitatBeethoven'sexpense.

Fortherestweweretreated toadelightfullyplayedFaure Impromptu,Op.31,No.2,two Debussystudies,andtheCesar FranckPreludeChoraland Fugue.Asamatterofinterest Mr.SumnerleftPerthearlythis weektotourAustraliaasaccompanistandassociateartistto LornaSydney.

Inadiscussionofthebest picturesof1946,JerryCotter, filmcriticof"TheSign."anoted AmericanCatholicmagazine, sums hisimpressionsofthe trendsinfilmproductionthus:

"Continuedemphasisonneuroticism,crime,suggestiveness, andmaterialisticphilosophyduringtheyearjustpastproved thatthemoviemakersaren'tsufficientlyawareoftheirresponsi- bilitiesto,andin,aworldconfusedandweariedbytheback-washofwar.

"Whereasthescreenshould exerteveryefforttoprovideat leastapartialantidote,ithas toooftenaddedfueltothe flamesofunrest.Succumbing tothelureofprofitstheindustry'sproducers,bothinHollywoodand ignoredBritain,haveblandly thewarningsignson theroad,bycontinuingtoproducematerialofhighlyquestionablenature.Themostsalaciousnovelorplayusuallystands thebestchanceofbeingsnappedupforimmediatemoviepc°. duction.Wehave'ForeverAmber'and'NightmareAlley'comingupin1947. Undoubtedly theywillbetailoredtoconform tothedemandsoftheProductionCode-butcananyamount ofrevision,anynumberofcuts, makesuchtrashmaterialfor movieaudiences?

"Thesubtleerosionofsugges- tivenesscanbeasdangerousas dynamite.Apictureneednotbe asfoulas'TheOutlaw'toserve thoseforceswhichthriveon confusion,immorality,anda widespreaddisrespectforauthority.Theinfluenceofthescreen. isaswideastheworld;itsresponsibilityistosupplythat vastaudiencewithentertainmentthatmeasuresuptoacceptedstandardsofbehaviour andmorality.Itcannotreach thatgoalbyconcentrationon theby-productsoflife'sseamier side.Thereisfartoomuchat stake,astherecordsofjuvenile delinquency,brokenhomes,and generalmoraldisintegrationreadilytestify."

AttheTivoli "EASTERPARADE"

LastThursdaynightwasa bignightattheTivoli,whena chequefor£81914s7dwaspresentedonstagetothePresident oftheW.A.DivisionoftheAustralianRewCrossSociety(Lady Mitchell).Cheque,whichrepresentedtheproceedsofa non-stopvarietyshowgivenby theTivolicompanyintheCapitolTheatre,recentlyonbehalf oftheleritishFloodRelief Fend,waspresentedbythe ManagingDirectorofTivoli,Mr. bruceCerra.Presentatthe briefhanding-overceremonywas theChairmanoftheW.A.Red Cross(Mr.A.L.B.Lefroy)and theManageroftheCapitalTheatre(Mr.H.C.Watts).Complimentswerereturnedonall sides,andWeeGeorgieWood wastherecipientofabound volumeofcolouredphotographs ofWestAustralianwildflowers.

Thursday,incidentally,gave patronsofTivolitheirlastopportunityofseeingWeeGeorgie inaction.Priorengagements limitedhisstayinthiscitytoa seasonofthreeweeks.

Mr.Wood'stechniquehas teencommentedonatlengthin thisjournalrecently.Hisdemeanourduringtheshowon Thursdayfollowedthelinesexploitedbyhimpreviously.He wa:vociferouslyacclaimedby staunchsupporters,butthere weremanywhofailedtobecaptivatedbyhisnaivebrandof humour.Hisexceedinglylong

pausesandhishabitoftaking theaudience,willy-nilly,intohis confidencewerenotuniversally appreciated.

"EasterParade"wasthename giventotheshow,and.taken merelyasaroutinejobitwasa

cullaffair.Consideredasaspe- cialofferingfortheEasterfestiveseason,itgroanedbeneath theweightofitsshortcomings. IhavenotseenamoreunattractiveshowatTivoli.Theprincipalcomedian("Slim"Barling)wasabsentinhospitalundergoingaminoroperation,andthe Tivoli'ssecondstring(HalLennon)wasapoorsubstitute. Therewereindifferentsongsand dancesinmonotonoussuccession,and livenedtheeveningwasenonlybytheamazingly goodjugglingbyRobMurray.the cleverimpersonationsofIvan Deidrich,andthetunefulnumberssuppliedbyJuneHolmes, billedastheYodellingCowgirl. AsbothMr.MurrayandMiss Holmesaremakingfarewellappearances,itbehovesthemanagementtolookaroundquickly fornewacts.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

Bestqualitymaterials,honestandexpertworkmanshipandour vastexperienceinthistypeofwork-theseareourrecommendationsandyoursafeguard.

REMEMBER!WhenyourChurch-PlateneedsattentionSENDITTOPELLEGRINI'S

UnanswerableArgumentsforIndependentFarming

TheMiddleCourseBetweenPeasantry&Commercialism

NationShouldProvidefor GreaterNumberofFarmers

Nosociety,nonation,allows economicconsiderationstodeterminetheEND'Sofitspolicy. Australiansshouldbethevery firsttounderstandthisself-evidenttruth.Afterallhavewe notjustemergedfromawarin whichwesacrificedeveryeconomic,andmostsocialandpoliticalconsiderations,totheoverwhelmingtaskofvictory?Beforethewarifthenational budgetwas£60or£70million, therewasatremendousagitationoverthesizeofourpublic expenditure.Theprophetsof doomforetoldthatthecountry couldnotstandit,andthatwe wereplungingclosetothepm cipiceofbankruptcy.Yetin themiddleofthewarthenationalbudgetwentuptothe colossalfigureof£.500,000,1 andthenationwhich,before thewar,hadfounditimpossible tospend£70,000,000,founditno difficultyatalltomultiplythe sumby8or9times.

Wasitamiracle?Orwasit justfinancialjuggling?Itwas neither.Theonlytrueanswer isthatinsearchofitsownselfpreservationthenationthought itworthwhiletospendthecolossalsumsinvolvedinthewartimebudgets.Economicconsiderationscamesecond.What hadtobedonefromthenationalpointofviewhadtobe done,andthenationhadtomake thesocialandeconomiceffort topay.Whenitisaquestion ofnationalservice,economics donotultimatelymatterahang. Itisthesamewiththeecono-

micconsiderationswhichconcernthenumberoffarmswhich acountryshallhaveatanyparticulartime.

PersonalAngleMustBeConsMered.

ThestatementoftheRural ReconstructonCommissionthat itisenoughtohaveafarmer forevery.8or9peopleinthe totalpopulationisbasedupon aneconomicviewpoint. That economicviewpointisbasedin turnuponthefactthatoneman operatingonacertainareawith certainmachineryunderacertaindegreeofspecialisationcan, whetherit1,aotherwisedesirableornot,secureacertainoutput. ThisiswhattheRuralReconstructionCommissionmeant whenitwroteof"areasonably efficientstandardofefficiency underwhichamanwouldhave thirtycowsand200acresof graincrop."Nowthereisno doubtthatanefficientfarmer canoperateonthisscale.But whetherhecanornotisnotthe determinant.Thequestionis, shouldhe?Theagricultural expertssaythathecould.But, ifhedoes,itiswelltoremembertheconsequenceswhichwill ensue.Thefarmercanconsumehimselfonlyaverysmall proportionofthespecialised cropwhichheproduces,and sincehespecialisestoavery largeextent,hemustgoelsewheretoobtaintheothermeans ofhissubsistence.Inother words,hebecomesasdependent onthemarketasdoestheorM

dinarywageearnerinthecity. Heisdependentonthemarket inatwofoldway.Firstofall, theremustbeamarketforthe surplusproduction-ofspecialisedproductswhichheproduces. Thenhemustobtainenough moneyfromthatmarkettoenablehimtobeytheothercommoditieswhich,beingafarmer, hecouldproduceforhimself,but whichhedoesnot.

Thosewhodiscussthisquestionshouldbeclearintheir mindsupontwofactswhichare quiteseparatefromeachother.

Onefactisthatitisquitepossibleforafarmertoproduce enoughforsevenoreightother people,andalsothatthelogic ofthisisthatwerequireonly asmallproportionofourtotal populationtobeengagedin farming,between10and15per cent.-ifallweareconcerned withisthesimplefeedingofthe people.Theotherfacttobe

ductionforthemarket.Itis obviousthatyouneedonlyarelativelysmallnumberoffarmerstoabsorbthewholemarket ifyourentireagriculturalsystemisfoundedonthelattertype offarm.

Thestudentofthisquestion willrealisethatalltheabove figuresarepurelyarbitrary, andarenotintendedtohave anyrelationtoactualfactexceptinsofarastheyaremodifiedbypracticalconsiderations inthecourseofthisargument. Theyareself-evidentfacts, whichare,however,toorarely considered,buttheydoshow thatthereisnooneparticular typeoffarmingwhichmustinevitablybepractisedbecause ofthenatureoffarmingitself. Whatcanbesaidwithcertainty, however,isthatonetypeof farmingallowsthenationto possessavastlygreaternumberoffarmersthanitpossesses

Halfwaybetweenthesetwo extremesthereistheIndependentFarm.Itishalfwaybetweenthetwoextremesbecause itembracesthetruthwhichlies 14bothextremes.Ontheone handthefarmerrecognisesthat thefirstjobofafarmisnot necessarilytogivehimagreat moneyincome,buttoprovide primarilyforhimselfandforhis familythosethingswhichagriculturegenerallyprovidesfor thewholeofhumanity-thatis tosay,food,andacertainproportionofclothing.Thefirst objectiveoftheindependent farmeristoseetoitthathe makeshimselfasself-suffici, aspossiblefromthelandwhich heowns.Inaddition,however, recognisingthat,atitsbest,the farmcannotprovidehimwith everythingwhichheandhisfamilyneedforacomfortableand civilisedliving,heendeavoursto producesurplusesfromeachof

64r/tool1862

Distanceandisolationdidnotdaunttheearly settlers.Mr.WilliamBeacham,whoarrivedin thisStatein1837,packedafewpossessionson thebackofacow,andwithhisthreesons,Jim. LeviandRuben,walkedfromFremantletothe Murraydistrictwherehebuilthisfirsthomeof mudbricksonthebanksoftheMurrayRivet closetowheretheRavenswoodBridgenow stands.In1862whentheMurraywasinflood. homesalongtheriver,includingBeachams,were sweptaway.WilliamBeachamthenbuiltthe presenthomesteadfrombricksmadeonthe property,withashingledroof,reminiscentofan Englishcottage.Itfacestheriserandisabout fortyyardsfromthewater'sedge.ragedybefell twoofWilliamBeacham'ssons.Lest'sentin searchofgoldintheEasternStatesinaship calledtheGoldSeekerwhichwaslost,andhe wasneverheardofagain.Rubenwaskilledby thenativesatGreeurnount,hiscompanionmaking aspectacularjumptosafetythathasearnedthe spotthenameofChipper'sLeap. Publishedasatributetoourpioneersbythe SwanBreweryCompanyLimited,makersof SwanLager.

keptinmindistheconsiderationofwhetherthenationshould consciouslymakethischoice.

Perhapsthechoicecanbedefinedinawaywhichismore understandabletotheordinary manthanarethestatisticsof manyagriculturaleconomists. Letussaythatwerequire 20,000unitsofagriculturalproductstofeedtheentireAustralianpeopleandallthosepeoplewhobuyagriculturalproductsfromus.The20,000units areanentirelyarbitraryfigure, butthefigurewilldoaswellas anyother.Thisisthetotal marketavailableforAustralian agriculturalproducts.

Speakinginabsolutessimply toillustratethepoint,those 20,000couldbeproducedbyone farmofenormousareadevoted entimlytoproductionforthe market,oritcouldbeproduced by20,000tinyfarina,eachproducingonlyoneunitforexport. Itcouldbeproducedbyany numbersffarms,thefiguredependinguponthesizeofthe tarnandtheamountoftime whichtheoperatorgavetothe productionofgoodsforthe market.Thustherecouldbe anentirelydifferentrelationto themaiketbetweentwofarmers andtwosetsoffarmsofexactlythesamesize.

Letustakeafarmof20acres operatedbyonefarmerwhodevotedallhistimeandtheentireareatoproducinggoods entirelyforhisownsubsistence. Hisproductionwouldhaveno effectonthemarketwhets°, ever,beyondtheinsignificant factthathewouldbeamemberofthemarkethimself.On theotherhandyouwouldhave anotherfarmer,operatinganotherfarmof20acres,whodevotedallhisenergiestoproductionofaspecialisedcropfor themarketandhisenergiesto productionforhisownsubsistence.Itisquiteobviousthat youcouldhaveanenormously greaternumberofthefirsttype offarmthanyoucouldhaveof thelatter.

Thepicturebecomeseven clearerwhenyoucomparethe firstfarmerwithhisfarmof20 acresdevotedentirelytohis ownsubsistence,withfarmsof 400or500offertile,well-wateredland,devotedverylargelyas theyareatthemomenttopro-

ifitencouragesanothertypeof farming. Thepointatissuehereisthis: Ifthesystemofindependent farmingweretobeencouraged asanationalpolicy,itwould notnecessarilymeananyreductionintheoutputofagriculturalgoodsforeithertheinternalorexternalmarkets.It wouldsimplymeanthatavastlygreaternumberoffarmers wouldbeabsorbedinproducing thesurpluseswhichnownormallyfindtheirwayintothemarket.

Itisatthisstageperhaps thatsomedefinitionshouldbe attemptedoftheIndependent Farm.Thedefinitioncanbest begivenbywayofcontrast. Broadlyspeaking,intheworld's agriculturetherearethreedifferenttypesoffarms.The farmwithwhichAustralians, andindeedmostinhabitantsof theNewWorld,aremostfamiliar,isthecommercialfarm. Themaincanonindecidingthe practicesofthecommercial farmeriswhatreturnsthe greatestincome.Normallyit meansthatthereisaspecialisationinoneortwoproducts, whicharedesignedalmostexclusivelyformarketing.The lineofreasoningpursuedbythe commercialfarmeristhatthe moneyincomewhichtheseproductswillreturntohim,can thenbeabsorbedinbuyinghis dailynecessities,whichinclude foodandclothing.

Attheotherendofthescale canbetakenthepurelysubsistencefarmwhichischaracteristicoftheagricultureofsome oftheBalkanStates.Hereon atinyacreagewithrudimentaryfacilitiesthefarmerstrives toproduceforhimself,andfor thesatisfactionofhisownimmediateneedsandthoseofhis family.Heisnotconcernedbecausehiseconomicenvironmentdoesnotallowhimtobe concerned-withthemoneyincomewhichwouldpurchasefor himothernecessitieswhichthe farmdoesnotproduce,andthe ordinaryamenitieswhichenable himtosatisfyneedssuchas thoseofordinaryfoodand clothing.Thesubsistencefarm isnormallyassociated,inthe eyeofthestudent,witha meagrefareandwithalowstandardofliving.

thecropswhichhegrowsfor hisownsubsistence,surpluses whichwhenmarketedwillgive himthemoneyincomewith whichhecanbuythosesecondaryandtertiaryserviceswhich thefarmcannotofitselfproduce. Itiseasytoseethecriticism, whichmightbemadeatthis stage,thecriticismswhichsays thatpracticallyeveryfarmisan IndependentFarminsomesense andtosomedegree.

ChangeofOutlookInvolved. Thereareveryfewfarms whichdonothavethehousecow, evenintheareasofthemost specialised(agruculture.That thereisacertainamountofIndependentFarmingpractisedon allfarmsisundeniable,butitis notthisfortuitousself-suffici encywhichistheaimoftheIndependentFarm.Anyonewith aknowledgeofAustralianfarmingknowsthatonthevastmajorityofspecialisedcommercial farmsinthiscountry,self-sufficientpracticesareveryincidental. Theyareinnocasethemain objectiveofthefarmingpracticesoftheoperator.Themain objectiveisthecashcropwith whichnecessitieswhichvery oftencouldbeproducedonthe farmarepurcha.Nowin theindependentfarmaproper relationismaintained betweenthesetwofeatures.The principalisthatthefirstaim ofthefarmshouldbe,through aswideadiversificationofproductsaspossible,tosupplythe farmerwithasmanyofhisnecessitiesasthefarmcangive. Oncethisprincipleisacknowledgeditwillinvolveatremendousdifferenceintheplanning ofthefarm,bothfromthepoint ofviewofitsphysicallay-out andfromthepointofviewof thefarmer'soperationsinthe differentseasonsoftheyear.It involvesadifferentattitudeto thefarmhome,forthesurpluses ofseasonalcropswhichmustbe preservedandmaintainedoutsidethegrowingseason,must bepreservedinthefarmhome.

Thehomesteadisanessential partofthemachineryofthe farm,endhasafirstclaim,not onanysentimentalgrounds,but onastrictlyeconomicbasis,to theinvestmentofthefamily capital.(ContinuedonPage15

NEWS

***AND ALL-DAYCOMMUNIONFOR SAILORS.

Specialfacultiestoenable seafarerstoreceiveHolyCommunionatanytimeoftheday havebeenreceivedbyCardinal GriffinforuseintheWestminsterdiocese.Announcingthis, thenationalboardoftheApos, tleshipoftheSeastates:"This privilegeisproofofthegraciousandpersonalinterestwhich ourHolyFatherthePopeand HisEminenceCardinalGriffin takeinthewelfareofseafarers. ItishopedthattheHolySee mayextendthisprivilege throughouttheworld,andHis EminencetheCardinalhasgenerouslyundertakentobringthe mattertothepersonalattention ofHisHoliness."

FROMPORTUGAL A REMINDER.

Asardonicremindertothe typeofmindthatisconvinced thatthethrowingawayofthe BritishEmpireistherightpolicywasanannouncementby thePurtugueserecently,says Sydney"Truth."

ThePortugueseareperhaps oneoftheweakestnationsin theworld,yettheyannounced,

OTES

PATRICK,MARYCONSIDEREDOUTOFDATE.

Thefactthatoutof100infantsbaptisedintheparishlast yearonlyonewasnamedPatrickhasbroughtsorrowfulcommentfromtheeditoroftheparishmagazineofOurLadyof LourdesGlasgow.

"Weoftenwonder,"hewrites, "ifCatholicparentsto-daygive thesameseriousthoughtstothe selectionofbaptismalnamesas isdoneinCatholiccountriesIreland,forexample.Itiswell knownthatinIrelandthereare fewfamiliesinwhichthereis notaMaryoraPatrick.

"Of100infantsbaptisedin ourchurchlastyearonlyfive werecalledMary,andnotone calledBridget.Andweregret tosayonlyonebabyboyhas beencalledPatrick."

AparishpriestinSouth-east LondonsaysthatPatrickhas certainlygoneoutoffavourin thepastfewyears-butnotPatricia,thoughthisisusually givenasthegirl'ssecondname, not,asinthepast,asherfirst, bywhichshewillbecalledat homeandbyherfriends.

"ThereisneveraBridget nowadays,"hesaid."Therea-

REV.R.J.KNOX,D.D.,D.C.L.

Afteranabsenceofnearly twelveyears,theRev.Dr.James RobertKnoxarrivedlastSundayonthe"Gorgon"forashort holidaywithhisfamily.

SonofJohnandthelateAlice EmilyKnox,ofKalamunda,Dr. Knoxreceivedhisearlyeducationat"Mary'sMount,"GooseberryHill,andSt.Brigid's,MidlandJunction.

Havingleftschoolheworked forthreeyearsatAhern'sLtd., andthen,followingtheDivine call,leftforNewNorciatobeginhisstudiesforthesacred Priesthood.

HesailedforRomeinSeptember,1935,andwasordained inPropagandaCollegebyCardinalFumasoni-BiondionDecember22,1941.

Continuinghisstudiesafter Ordination,hewassuccessfulin obtainingadoubledoctorate (DivinityandCanonLaw),and finallywaspromotedtothe importantpositionof"Assistente"intheCollegeofPropagandaFide,Rome.

Duringthewarhewasactivelyconnectedwiththeworkfor AustralianP.O.W'sdonethrough theVaticanRadioInformation Bureau,andafterthecaptureof Romeactedaschaplaintothe Alliedtroops.

Onhiswayhomehewasable tomeethisbrother,Johnwho isassistanttotheAustralian ConsulatBangkok, Siam.

CHURCHOFCRUCTFIXION,PREMARIACCO,UDINE,ITALY. Theabovephoto.showsthechurchbuiltbyAlliedP.O.W.in theircampatPremariacco,nearUdine(Italy).Althoughcompletedin1943,itwasnotopenedtilllastyear,astheGermans ordereditsclosureanddeportedthementoGermany.The churchwassolemnlyblessedandopenedbyHisGraceArchbishopJosephNayara,onthe17th.October,1946,andistoremainasashrineinhonourofthemenwhodiedwithinthe camp.ThechurchisdedicatedtoOurLord'sCrucifixion,and theinscriptionreads:"Inpainfulbrotherhoodoflongprisony, from26/10/41to13/9/43.TheN.C.O.'sandmen,English. AustralianandNewZealanderserectedthischurchwiththeir workmanshipandgenerousco-operation,andinitfoundrelief andspiritualstrength."

notpompously,butverysimply andtoEngland,ratherpointedly,thattheyhavenointention whateverof.followingtheBrit ishleadandleavingIndia.

TheyhaveinGoa,250miles southofBombay,whatWhitehallcallsacompactlittlecolony. Thiscolony,saysPortugal, eveniftherestofIndiabecomesindependent,willremain underthePortuguestflag.

MARRIAGECOURSEFOR ENGAGED.

Westminster'sCatholicMarriageAdvisoryCouncilhopesto beginsoonaseriesoflessons forengagedcouples,tobeconductedthroughacorrespondence course.

Duringitssixmonths'life thecouncilhassofareffected reconsiliationsattherateof aboutoneaweek.Mostofits worksofarhasbeenconcentratedaroundgivingadvice wheredifficultiesoccurbetween marriedcouples.

Thefullcourseincludes15 lessons.Itissentonlytoengagedcouplesorthosewhohope tobemarriedwithinayearof beginningthecourse.

sonisthatBridgetisapopular nametotackontomaids-and parentsdonotwanttocalltheir daughtersaftermaids.

"Mary,too,hasgoneoutof fashion.Ofteninitsplacewe haveMaureen.Ofcourse,MaureenisthesameasMary,though peoplewhochooseMaureendon't seemtorealiseit."

_ATTENDANCEATNONCATHOLICSERVICES.

TheHierarchyofBritainhas issuedastatementstronglydeprecating"theattendanceofCatholicmayors,councillorsand othersatnon-Catholicreligious services."

Thestatement,whichwas drawnupbytheBishopsof EnglandandWales,wasissued recently.

"Catholicsarenotallowed," saysEliestatement,"toattend non-Catholicreligiousservices heldinconjunctionwithRemembranceDayorsimilarfunctions. Theyshouldbeencouragedto attendMassorserviceintheir ownChurchandonlybepresent atthenon-religiouspartofthe publicfunction.'

NEWSAINTSFOR1947.

ThecauseofMattTalbot, Dublinlaymanand ascetic, whoselifeafterhisconversion fromalcoholicismhasbeenthe. inspirationofCatholictempetanceandabstinencegroupsin IrelandandAustralia,hasbeen completedbytheArchdioceseof DublinandforwardedtoRome.

Asastepintheprocesstowardsainthood,thecausewill beintroducedintotheCongregationofRites.

MonsignorDenisMacDaid,rectoroftheIrishCollegeinRome, hasbeennamedpostulatorof theTalbotcause.

MattTalbotdiedinDublinin 1925.

Datesforsevencanonisations andthreebeatificationsthisyear havebeenannounced.

OnApril13,VenerableContardoFerriniItalianscholar andprofessor,whodiedin1903, willbebeatified;onApril27,the virginandmartry,Venerable MariaGoretti;andonMay4, VenerableMarieThereseAlix

LeClere,whofoundedtheInstituteofOurLadyinFrancein theearly17th.century. Canonisations.

TheSwissnationalpatronand hero,BlessedNicholasofFlue, willbecanonisedonMay15, AscensionThursday.

ThreecanonisationsarescheduledforJune22,thoseofthe PortugueseJesuitmissionaryto Indiaandmartyr,BlessedJohn deBritto;thecelebrated16th. centuryItalianJesuitpreacher, BlessedBernardinoRealino,and the19th.centuryItaliansecular priest,BlessedJosephCafasso. ReligiousFounders. OnJuly6,BlessedMichelGaricoita,Frenchfounderofthe BetharramFathersoftheSacredHeartofJesus,andBlessed ElisabethBichierdesAges,cofounderoftheFrenchcommunityoftheDaughtersofthe Cross,willbecanonised,andon July20,BlessedLouisGrignion deMontfort,founderoftheSocietyofPriestsoftheHoly GhostandtheInstituteofthe DaughtersofWisdom.

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BISHOPWON'TBEGFOR FREEDOM.

MonsignorAloysiusStepinac, ArchbishopofZagreb,hasturneddownanewconditionaloffer ofrelease,accordingtoreports receivedinLondon.

Theofferissaidtohavebeen madebyDr.VladimirBakaric, CommunistPrimeMinisterof Croatia,whovisitedtheArchbishopinhiscellattheLepoglavaPrison.

TheconditionswerethatMonsignorStepinacshouldmakea writtenrequestforafreepar. don,whichwouldbegrantedimmediately,andshouldthenleave thecountry.

TheArchbishop'sanswerwas: "Ishallbegnobodytorelease me.Atthemost,Iwouldask forarenewalofthetrial,ifI couldbejudgednotbytheCommunistPartybutbymypeople. Idonotfeartobejudgedby thepeopleontheJelacicSquare; butletitreallybethepeople, andnotacliqueunderorders.

"Asregardsmydeparture fromthiscountry,IdeclaresolemnlythatIshallnevertake thatstep.Ishallremainwith mypeopleeveninprison.The goodLordwillgivemethe strengthtoendureasmanyyears asHemayintendmetolive amongmypeople."

LatestZagrebreportsstate thatMonsignorStepinacisworkingintheprisonbook-binding shop.

Earlythismonthameetingin NewYorkof2,000prominent laymen,undertheleadershipof Cardinal'Spellman,mettodevelopplansfortheerectionof acollegeinhonourofArchbishopStepinac,theimprisoned PrimateofCroatia.Estimated tocost2,000,000dollars,thecol legewillprovidehighschool educationforabout2,000boys.

CompletelyReadyfor your1947KnittingRequirements

Don'ttheseasonswhizzaround!Onceagain it'stimetogetoutyourknittingneedlesand startworkonthosenewwoolliesyou'llwantfor thisAutumnandWinter.Ahern's,ofcourse, havealltheaccesoriesyou'llrequire. The newKnittingWoolsbyPaton's,Sunglo,Uncoil Mills,Excelsior,thelatestKnittingBooks, Needles,KnittingBags,Rug-MakingAccesories. Make Ahern's yourheadquartersforKnitting needsthisseason.

TENNIS

HIGHGATETENNISCLUB.

Lastweek-endtheannualclub tournamentcommenced.Some verycloseandinterestingmatchestookplace,bothinthe ladies'andmen'sevents.Inall 31matcheswereplayed.

ThematchbetweenL.Dwyer andR.Smithwasthefirsttogo tothethreesets.L.Dwyerwon thefirstsetveryeasilyat6-2, butinthesecondR.Smith foughthardandwonat8-6.In thethird,however,matchexperiencetold,andDwyerwentaway toabigleadandwon,6-0.In pastweeksR.Smithhasbeen showinggoodformatsingles.On thisperformanceheshoulddo wellinthe"B"Gradechampionshipsingles.

Thenextinterestingmatch wasbetweenB.McGinnityand LBrophy.Thiswasanother three-setmatch.Thefirsttook 20gamestodecidethewinner. Aftermanyfineralliesandwell founghtoutgames,itfinally wenttoBrophyat11-9Inthe nextsetMcGinnitywentawayto anearlyleadandwonat6-1.The thirdandfinalsetwassomewhatlikethesecond.McGinnity wentawaytoa5-1lead,butBrophyfoughtbackandbrought thescoreto5-4.ThenMcGinnitytookhisserviceandsetat 6-4.Thismatchproduced'good tennis,especiallythefirstset. Thebestladies'matchonSaturdaycamefromtheladies'"B" Gradechampionshipsingles.It wasbetweenD.McGrathandE. Carr.Thiswasanotherthreesetmatch.Carrwonthefirst

set,6-1.ThenMcGrathstruck trueformandwonthesecond, 6-2.Thethirdandfinalset wentgameforgameuntil3-all. Carrthenbrokeawaytoa5-3 lead.McGrathfoughtback andbroughtthescoresto5-all; thentwoveryhardgamesresulted,andCarrjustmanagedto holdtheadvantageandwinthe setandmatch.

Allmatcheslistedwereplayed overSaturdayandSunday.Next Saturdaythesemi-finalswillbe playedinbothmen'sandladies' singlesinboth"A"and"B" Grades.Thefinalsofboth"A" and"B"Gradesingles,inmen andladies,willbeplayednext Sundayafternoonat2and3p.m. Resultsofmatchesheldover week-end:

L.DwyerbeatR.Smith,6-2, 6-8,6-0;K.MilnemeatS.Bailey, 6-36-3;P.McGinnitybeatW. Quealy,6.2,6-0;M.Wattsbeat I.McGrade,6-2,6-3;P.Smith beatK.Carroll,walkover;V. EastonbeatP.Bogue,6-2,6-0; B.McGinnitybeatE.Brophy, 9-11,6-1,6-4;J.McEncroebeat J.Eckersley,6-0,6-0;E.Carr beatD.McGrath,6-1,2-6,7-5; W.QuealybeatJ.O'Brien,6-1, 6-3;K.McCaulbeatN.O'Brien, 6-0,6-1;R.MillardbeatM. Leahy,6-3,6-3;J.Carrollbeat J.Lynch,6-0,6-4;R.Forbes beatJ.Kenneally,6-4,6-4;P. RyanbeatJ.McEncroe,6.1,4-6, 6-3;P.McGradebeatM.O'Reilly,walkover,6-0,6-0;P.Smith beatM.Watts,2-6.6-3,6.2;J. RinaldibeatP.O'Neill,6-3,6-3; W.ConnaughtonbeatJ.Eckersley,6.1,4-6,6.3;S.Baileybeat J.McEncroe,6-1,6-3;P.McGinnitybeatB.McGinnity,11.9,6-1;

ST.MARY'SCLUB,LEEDERVILLE.

OnSaturdaylasttheclub tournamentcommenced.As someofourplayersweresent "outtograss"atKing'sPark overtheEasterholidays,weexpectedtoseesomegoodtennis withtheextraconfidenceandexperiencegainedthere.We weren'tdisappointed.Thegames werekeenandtheweek-endfine.

Onlyafewgameswereplayed onSaturday,butRegandHarold, particularly+,hadalltheycould take.

Sundaysawagoodroll-upof spectatorsaswellasplayers, butallgamesscheduledtobe playedweren'tcompleted

CharlieandJoespentpartof themorningandmostofthe afternoontryingtofindoutwho wouldwinthebestofthreeadvantagesets.Asthematch spanned48gamesandlasted threehours,itwasasmucha testofstayingpowerasitwas oftennisprowess.

Allmembersparticipatingin 'thetournamentshouldfindout atwhattimetheyareplaying andbepresentwhenrequired.

('LAREMONTTENNISCLUB.

Sinceitsre-opening18months ago,theClaremontTennisClub hasmadeconsiderableprogress inalldirections.

HowHiddenTaxationBears ontheWage-Earner

MR.

CHEERUP:ThiscouldbeaVERY

foryou. Vou couldbuythewinningticketinthe NO.361CHARITIESCONSULTATION

for

Towardstheendof1945,a smallbandofenergeticmembers oftheparishsettoworktoreopentheclub,andwithinsix monthsitwasnecessarytoclose themembershipasitwasfelt thatthetwocourtswerenotsuf. ficienttoaccommodateany moreplayers.

Thestandardofplayimprovedsomuchthat,althoughthe clubhadonlybeeninoperation sixmonths,itwasabletocompetein"B"and"C"GradepennantmatchesintheAssociation.

Thefinancialaspectwassuch thattheclubbuilttwonew courtsandhadtheexistingtwo reconditioned.Thefourcourts wereopenedbyofficialsofthe clubinNovemberlastyear.Since thenmembershiphasnearly doubled.

TheclubisrunninganEaster tournament,beginningSunday, the20th.inst.

Themembersareverypleased thatMr.P.Sullivanhasbeen abletoresumethepositionof captainafteratemporaryabsence,andalsoto.seeMissB. Low,whohasjustreturnedtrain aholidayintheEasternStates.

TheChristianBrothers'SecondarySchools'Asociationheld itsannualtennistournamentrecentlyatFremantle.Owingto thelargenumberofsetstobe played-ninetyinall-thetournamentwasheldontwodays.

Thefinalcountofthesetswon resultedinawinforChristian Brothers'HighSchool,Highgate.Thepupilsfromthis schoolaccountedfor33setsand 296games.Thisisthesixth yearinsuccessionthatHighgate haswonthistrophy.Second placewenttoChristianBrothers'College,Leederville,with 21setsand261games.Christian Brothers'College,Fremantle, wasthird,havingwon21sets and226games.Fourthplace wastakenbySt.Patrick'sBoys' School,with15setsand218 games.

Outstandingplayersofthe tournamentwereB.Murdochand B.Williams,fromLeederville, andL.FinneganfromHighgate. Thesethreeplayerswereundefeatedinalltheirmatches.

AttheconclusionofthetournamenttheHeadmasterofSt. Patrick's,Rev.BrotherR.11 Ackary,presentedthetrophyto G.Kerrigan,thecaptainofthe winningteam.

TennisRacquetsRestrungbyexpertsatWimbledonSportsDepot, 14BonMarcheArcade.

(ContinuedfromFrontCover,) recaptureitsexportmarkets,withoutwhichanIndustrialEngland cannotlive.Then,too,thereisthe relativepovertyofpotentialcustomersinEasterncountries.A harassedFederaladministrationis thereforerenderedevenmorefeverishwhenproposalsforsubstantialwageincreasesaremade.The onlyresultcanbetoliftthecost ofAustralianproductstoalevel atwhichtheywillbesweptoff themarketbygoodsfromthe U.S.A.andGreatBritain.Thedepressionwhichwouldbeushered intoanindustrialisedAustralia caneasilybeimagined. Wereonelivinginaspecialacademicvacuum,onemightrejoice atthefactthattheFederalGovernment'sindustrialchickenshave comehometoroost.Therewould inevitablyhavebeenanindustrial problemattheendofthewar: butthisproblemhasbeenvastly aggravatedbythedetermination oftheGovernmentanditstooclevereconomicadviserstomake Australiaanindustrialratherthan aruralCommonwealth.PracticallyeveryproblemwhichAustralia faceswouldhavebeenmitigated hadadeterminedeffortbeenmade atthewar'sendtoestablishthe futureAustraliaonaruralbasis, todriveforwardtoasystemof intensiveagricultureandofsmall farmsinthemanyareasinwhich botharepossible,andtoempty outofthecitiestheverymany countrypeopleattractedtothem throughthearmyandthrough theirworkinmunitions.Instead ofpursuingthiscommon-sense policy,despiteallitsAifficulties, theGovernmentfollowedtheadviceofitsteamofeconomists,who haveprovedthemselvesincapable ofshowinghowastableagriculturecouldwork.Ofcoursethe Governmentshouldneverhave turnedtoeconomistsatallfora decisionofthefundamentalquestionastowhetherAustralia shouldbeprimarilyaruraloran industrialnation.Thatisapoliticalquestion,andshouldbedecidedonethicalratherthanon purelyeconomicgrounds.Theresultoftherightdecisionwould havebeenthatthepressureonindustrywouldhavebeenlessened andthattheGovernmentwould havehadfarlessfearofafuture dominatedbyaninflatedindustrial apparatus,uncertainmarkets,and arelentlessdownwardpressureon costsandwages.Thiswouldhave meantsomuchlesstoworryabout inthefieldofindustrialdiscontent.

However,theGovernmentmust lieinthebedwhichithasmade itself.IfitwantsahighlydevelopedandprosperousindustrialapparatusinAustralia,itcannot haveasystemofhighcosts.If itwishestocontrolcostsitmust controlwages.Butunlessrestricted.nominalwagesmeana higherrealwagethantheworker enjoysatthemoment,therewill becontinualoutbreaksofindustrialstrife,whichwillruinthe Government'sindustrialplananyway.Theroadtolowercostsis thereforetomaketheworker's wageworthsomething.Thiscan bedoneasfarastheGovernment isconcernedbyloweringtaxation, mainlyinthesphereofindirect taxation.

Thefatalgameofplayingpoliticswithissueswhicharetoodangeroustobetouchedinthiscursoryfashionhasproceededtosuch anextentthatitisneverenough foraGovernmentsimplyto therightthing.Intheindustrial field-notonlyonthesideofthe employers,butalsoonthatofthe workers,therearesomanyvested intereststhatitispossiblefora Governmenttodotherightthing bytheworkersandstillfindthat theworkersareorganisedagainst it.

Accordingly,aplanofmaking wagesmeansomethingbythereductionoftaxationmustbeaccompaniedbyastrongeducational programmeonthepartofthe Governmentwhichwillconvince theworkersthatthisistheway torealreform.Itisrefreshingto seethatsomeinfluentialunion leadersarealreadytakingthisline themselves.

Nottheleastimportantpartof theGovernment'seducationalpro-

grammemustconcertsitselfwith thepresentationoftherealissues tothepeople.Atthemoment thereareinsistentdemandsfor higherwages,forareductionin taxationforthemaintenanceof theincreasedmeasureofsocial serviceswhichhavebeendeveropedoverthelastsixyears,and fortheextensionofthosesocial servicestocoveramongother thingsasystemoffreemedical treatment.

Theimpulsebehindthesethings isgood.Buttheyarenotallcompatiblewithaneconomystillreelingfromtheshockofwar.The peoplewillhavetodecidetheorderinwhichtheywantthese thingsandbepreparedtowork forthemprogressively.Itistobe hopedthattheywillstaketheir claiminanincreaseinrealwages, whichwillallowthefamilytolook aftermanyofitsownsocialservicesandtolooktolessfromthe State.

*Occupationsurvey,1945.vide "Facts&Figures"(Dept.ofInformation).MarchandJune.

1946. Estimatedtoincludeallbreadwinners,excludingpensioners,the hulkofwhosenormalconsumption wouldnotincludetaxedcommodities.

I-"TheAustralianTariff"-an economicenquiry(Profs.Copland,Giblinandothers).

THIRDORDEROF ST.FRANCIS

ExpositionisheldeveryTuesdayinthelittleChapel,Victoria Square.Acordialinvitationis extendedtoallTertiariesandto theCatholicpeopleingeneralto payavisitduringtheday.Ex positioncommencesat8am andconcludeswithBenediction at5.15p.m.

Themonthlymeetingwas heldonSunday,the13th.inst. OurSpiritualDirector,Rev. FatherMcBride,takingashis textthewordswhichre-occurso persistentlyintheLiturgyduringtheoctaveofEaster("This isthedaytheLordhasmade,let usrejoiceandexult"),spokeon thatjoywhichmustbeoursif wearelivingatrulyCatholic life.Ifwearenothappyitit asignthatwearenotasgood asweshouldbe,andweshould examineourselvestoseewhat isthetrouble.Fatherremindedusthatwearemadeto know,loveandserveGod;ifwe dothiswewillfindtruehappinessandeventhesorrowwhich maycomeintoourliveswill neverrobusofthathappiness.

BenedictionoftheMostBlessed Sacramentfollowed.

Atthegeneralmeetingwhich tookplaceprayerswereasked forthelateSr.H.A.Hackett, whowastobeburiedthenext morning,andalsothebrothers ofBro.Colreavy,whowererecentlydrowned.

Bro.Prefectreportedhaving seenHisGracetheArchbishop. whohadaskedhimtpconveyhis blessingsandbestwishestothe membersoftheOrderandcongratulatethemontheworkthey haddone.

ItwasannouncedthatSr.ElizabethFursehadfounditnecessarytoresignfromtheCouncil andallactiveworkconnected withtheOrder.Thetertiaries wereallverysorrytohearthis, asSr.Elizabeth,incompany withSr.Lewis,nowinEngland, wasresponsibleforthefoundationofthePerthFraternityand isheldinthehighestregardby all.

ThedayofExpositionisbeing heldregularlyeachTuesday,and isopentoALL.Makeitahabit topayavisiteachTuesday.

NOTHINGVENTURE.

Nothingventure,nothinggain, isasayingasoldastime.How wellitappliestotheCharities Consultations.Youcan'twinif you'renotin,soventure2/6 eachweekandhaveashotat thatZ3,000firstprize.There arehundredsofotherprizes, too.ConsultationNo.331is nowopen.

TWELVE

P.McGradebeatB.Kelly,6-2, 6-0;B.EastonbeatM.Pitts,6-1. 6-3;C.,ArnoldbeatF.Moran, 5-7,6-1,'6-1;K.MilnebeatL. Dwyer,7.5.6-3;J.Carrollbeat R.Forbes,6-0,6-1;P.O'Neill andP.McGradebeatM.Pitts andB.Easton,7-5,6-0;R. ForbesandJ.LynchbeatFather WalshandJ.McEncroe,6-0, 5-7,6-3;P.McGinnityandP. RyanbeatJ.CarrollandJ.Kenneatly,6-2,6-4;B.KellyandB. ChurchbeatI.McGradeandM. O'Reilly,2.6,6-2,8-6;K.Milne andL.BrophybeatR.Smith andS.Bailey,6-3,5-7,7.5.

BroadcastingfromSt.Mary'sCathedralateveningDevotionsonLowSunday,Rev.FatherD.Breslin,O.M.I.gavea wtrikingoutlineoftheuniqueclaimsoftheCatholicChurch. Wereprintbelowacondensationofthefulltext:

"ThouartPeter,anduponthis rockIwillbuildMyChurch."

-Matt.XVI.,18.

Nineteenhundredyearsago, theonlybegottenSonofGod becameman.Foroverfour thousandyearstheJewishpeoplehadlongedandprayedfor Hiscoming,forHewastoredeemmankindfromtheconsequencesoftheFall.Hecame, asHeHimselfsaid,thatwe mighthavelifeandhaveitmore abundantly."Togiveusthe lifeofgraceherebelow,sothat wemightobtainthelifeofglory hereafter.ButHecamenot onlytoopenthegatesofHeavenclosedbyoriginalsin,but alsotoshowusbyHisteaching andexamplehowtogainthat eternallifeofglory."Iam theway,"Hesaid,"thetruth andthelife."SoHewasnot onlyaRedeemerandSaviour, butalsoaTeacher."Tothis endwasIbornandforthis cameIintotheworld,thatI shouldbearwitnesstothe truth."ForthreeyearsHe taughtandinstructedHischosenpeople.Hegatheredaround HimabandofDisciples,and fromtheseHeafterwardschose twelvewhomHenamedApostles.TheseHespeciallytrained.Daybydaytheypassed underHiseyes,drinkinginthe wordsofheavenlywisdomwhich fellsocopiouslyfromHislips, learningfromHimhowthey weretoestablishtheKingdom ofGodintheworld,forthey weretocontinueandperpetuate Histeachingworkonearth. TheyweretocontinueHismissionnotonlyamongtheJews, butamongallthepeoplesofthe world.Hesaidtothem,"As theFatherhathsentMe,soalso Isendyou-going,therefore, teachyeallnations,andbehold Iamwithyoualldaysevento theconsummationoftheworld"; evidentlyimplyingthatthe Apostlesshouldhavesuccessors, beqausetheythemselvescould notcarryoutthisdivinecommand.Theycouldnotlivefor evernorteachallnations.And yetthiswasHiswish.

Themessagentrustedtothe Apostleswasamostimportant one.Themostimportantthat waseverdelivered,becauseon itsdeliberateacceptanceorrejectiondependedman'seternal salvation.Menwerenotleft free;theywereboundtoaccept theteachingoftheApostlesor elsebeoutcastsfromtheKingdomofGod."Hewhowillnot heartheChurch,lethimbeto theeastheheathenandthepub- lican."Sucharesultmadeit absolutelynecessarythatthe menwhowerethebearersof God'smessagecouldsay,"What wepreachtoyouiswithoutthe faintestshadowofadoubtGod's ownword;thereisnottheremotestpossibilitythaterrorof anykindhastaintedit."Itwas tooseriousamattertotrifle with,toleaveopentoquestion, ordoubtofanykind.Absolutecertaintywasessential wherethisteachingwasconcerned,becauseitledmento eternallifeoreternaldamnation. TheSonofGodprovidedfor thissupremenecessity.Notonly (lidHegiveHisApostlespower toteach,butHegavethem adivineguarantee:"Hewho hearethyou,hearethMe."What yousay,Isay;whatyoudo,I do:I,theGodofTruth,willpreserveyoufromerror."Behold Iamwithyou,"notforafew years,notforacenturyortwo; no,butforalltime,aslongas theworldshalllast"'Behold Iamwithyoualldaysevento theconsummationoftheworld." He,theunerringSonofGod, wouldliveoninHisChurch,di- recting,guidingandstimulating her.NotonlydidhethusguaranteeHisChurchfreefromer.

rorinmattersofdoctrine,but Hefurtherconferredpowerto teachalltruthinecessaryfor salvation.BeforeHisAscensionintoHeaven,Hepromised HisApostlesthatHewouldsend theHolyGhost,whowouldteach themallthings. TheApostleswerefullyaware oftheauthoritythathadbeen investedinthembytheirDivine Master.AttheCouncilofJerusalem,thefirstheldintheinfantChurch,shortlyafterthe DescentoftheHolyGhost,theymaderulesregardingdiscipline, andgaverulingsontheques- tionsunderdiscussion.They werethedispensersofthemys- teriesofthewisdomandofthe

ernthewholeChurch.Hewas tobetheChiefPastor,Christ's Vicaronearth.

Aswelookaroundusto-day andseethemanyhundredsof sects,thedifferentchurches,and religions,eachclaimingtobe Christian,wemustaskourselveswhichoftheseisthetrue Church.Thesechurchesteach differentdoctrinesanddisagree onfundamentalpointsofbelief, sowecannottruthfullysay theyareallthesamesinceTruth isone.

JesusChristfoundedOneInfallibleChurch,oneguidetobringmentoheaven.Hesaid MyChurch,notMychurches. AndHesaidallmenmustbelongtothatOneTrueChurch andobeyher."Hewhowill notheartheChurch,lethimbe totheeastheheathenandthe publican."Wecannotbemore

notbeachievedbyhunt&means. ItwastobeHoly.Jesus said:"AndforthemdoIsanctifyMyself,thattheyalsomay besanctifiedintruth."St. Paulwrote:"Christlovedthe ChurchanddeliveredHimselfup forit.ThatHemightsanctify it,cleansingitbythelaverof waterinthewordoflife.That HemightpresenttoHimselfa gloriousChurch,nothavingspot orwrinkleoranysuchthing, butthatitshouldbeholyand withoutblemish."Itspurpose istomakepeoplegoodandholy. ThatChurchhadforitshead andchiefcornerstonetheAll HolySonofGod;ShewasHis Spouse.Shehadnecessarilyto beHoly.

ItwasaCatholicChurch.Catholicmeansuniversalandcomplete."Goye,"Hesaid.,"and teachallnations."Thatisuni-

"Withinitswallssoulsfindsolaceand peace withoutthereisthenight"

versality,and"allthingsthatI havecommandedyou,'thatis completeness,thewholeofMy doctrine.

itwasApostolic.Thatmeans itwasfoundedbyChristonHis Apostles,withPeterattheir head.Itmustgobacktothem andnotbeaman-madeinstitution. Andnowwehavethesefacts:

(1)JesusprayedforHisChurch andpromisedthatShewouldendureuntiltheendoftime.He wasGodandsothatChurch Hefoundedmustexistinthe worldto-day.(2)Hepromised thattheHolyGhostwouldpreserveherfromerror.Now,if thatChurchhasfalleninto error,thentheHolyGhostfailed.Tothinksuchathingis blasphemy.Sotheonetrue Church;indefectibleandinfallible,isintheworldto-day.(3) Thatitiseasilyfoundbyreason ofthefourmarksithadinthe beginning.

Wenowexaminethechurches inturn,andfindthatoneChurch onlyfulfilsthenotes,bearsthe foursignsofChrist'sdivinely foundedmouthpieceonearth, andsheistheHolyRomanCatholicChurch.

theRomanPontiff.Surelythis istheunityimpossibleofachievement,humanlyspeaking, butpossiblethroughGod's power"thattheworldmight knowthatThouhastsentMe."

TheCatholicChurchisHoly. Judgeherbyherfruits. Beholdhercelibatepriesthood,her numerousreligiousOrder* whereconsecratedvirginsspendtheirlivesinteaching,nursing thesickanddying,caringfor theoldandabandoned.Seethe manyOrdersofBrothers, wheremenboundbythetriple vowsofPoverty,Chastityand Obedienceliveheroiclives,lives ofselfsacrifice,inhospitals, schools,orphanages,asylum:.In nootherchurchdothethreeessentialChristlikevirtuesofhumility,chastity,andcharity, shineforthwithsuchdazzling resplendence.Seethenumber ofherchildren.declaredSaints ofGod,renownedforsupereminentsanctity,whomyearby yearsheraisestoheraltars. TheCatholicChurchaloneis holy,forshealoneto-dayina pleasureseekingworldinsists onthesanctityandindissolubilityofthemarriagetie;thesinfulnessofbirthprevention,nay, evenbeliefintheverydivinity ofherFounder.

ShealoneisApostolic.She alonecantracebackthroughher supremePastor,theBishopof Rome,toanApostle Down throughthecenturiesinanunbrokenlinecanbetracedthe goldenchainofApostolicsuccession.PopeafterPope,each oneofthemexercisingPeter's authorityandbeingobeyedas Peter'ssuccessor.DownthroughtheagesthesupremacyofjurisdictionofthePopeswasadmittedbyCouncils,FathersandDoctorsoftheChurch.Whendisputesaroseonquestionsoffaith andmorals,thePopejudgedthe matter,andhisjudgmentwas acceptedasfinalbyall.Touse thewordsofSt.Augustinein the4th.century:"Romehas spoken-thematterisended." TheCouncilsofChalcedonand Ephesusproclaimthegreattruth thattheApostlePeterlivesand exerciseshisauthorityinhissuccessors.ThesearethecredentialsoftheHolyRomanCatholicChurch,theoneandonlyChurchfoundedbyJesusChrist formen'ssalvation.

WHEREPETERIS,THERE knowledgeofGodfortheirfellowmen.Theywerethewitnessesofnochildren'sstory,no fairyrule,butofGod'struthto Hispeople. Inthelanguagewhichour Lordspokethesamewordpreciselyisused.St.Peter,althoughnotthefirsttobecalled totheApostolate,wasalwaysregardedbyHisfellow-Apostlesas chief.Hisnamecomesfirstin theGospels.Itwasforhim that JesusChristprayedspecially. toldtheApostlesthat Satandesiredtohavethemthat hemightsiftthemaswheat; "but,"Hesaid,"Ihaveprayed forPeter,thatthyfaithfailnot, andthoughbeingstrengthened, confirmthybrethren." Peter wouldneverfail.ItwasPeter whowalkedatChrist'scommand uponthewater;Itwasfrom hisboatHetaughtthemultitude;itwastohimheappear- edafterHisResurrectionbefore appearingtotheotherApos- tles.LateronOurDivine Lord Apostlesappearedagaintothe attheSeaofTiberias, evenafterPeter'sdenial,and thereJesussaidtoPeter:"Feed MylambsandfeedMysheep." Hewasmaderulerofthewhole flock.PeterasPrinceofthe Apostleswastoruleandgov-

TOOISTHECHURCH.

liberalthanChrist.Howare mentoknowamongallthechurchesin.theworldwhichisthe onefoundedbyJesusChrist? HesaidHistrueChurchwould bealwayseasilyfoundand known.Hesaiditwouldbelike acitysetuponahill.Nota cityhiddenawayandhardto find,butoutstandinginthe world,easilyseenbyanyone whocaredtolokforit.Men havemerelytogobacktothe GospelsandexaminetheChurch asHefoundedit.Hegaveit certainsigns,certaincharacteristics,certainmarks,anditwas tohavethemalways,sothat futuregenerationsmightbe abletodistinguishit.These marksorsignswereUnity,Catholicity,Sanctity,andApostolicity.Itwastobeonein FaithandGovernment. Jesuscomparedittoacity,a sheepfold,ahouse,akingdom. Allthesecomparisonsbetoken unity.Moreover,Heprayed thattheymightbeunitedinbelief"asThouFatherinMe,and Iinthee,thattheyalsomay beoneinus.Thattheymay beone,aswealsoareone."And itwastobeaunitythatwould benoticedbyeverybody;itwas tobevisibleandexternally manifested,andsuchascould

SheisoneinDoctrine,SacramentsandSacrifice.Onein Faith.Shestandsuniquein theworldto-day.Evenher bitterestenemiespayglowingtributetoherunity.Scattered throughoutthelengthand breathoftheworldherhuge family-biggerthanalltheother Christiansectsputtogether- numbersover400millions.These areallboundinlovingobedience toSt.Peter'slawfulsuccessor,

Thereisnomorefittingconclusiontoasermonofthiskind thantorepeatthebeautifully andconciselyexpressedeulogy ofadistinguishedlayman:"Itis acityandlikeallcitiesitshelterstheblind,theweak,the maimed,aswellasthestrong andhealthy,butitistheCityof God;therearenottwo,thereis butone,andwithinitswalls soulsfindsolaceandpeace; withoutthereisthenight."

Regarding the HAC.B.S.

ItistheONLYCATHOLICBENEFITSOCIETYinW.A. ItcatersfortheSpiritual,MaterialandSocialWelfareofits Members.

ItsbenefitsarnotexcelledbyanyotherFriendlySocietyinW.A. Itsranksareopentomalesandfemalesfrom16yearsup- wards.

FullparticularsfromTHEGRANDSECRETARY,W.IVANKEOGH, 55ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,7th.Floor,C.M.L.BUILDINGS,PERTH.

'PHONEB7510,ormembersofyourLocalBranch.

DistinguishingMarksWhichMake.CatholicismUnique AreNotFreet

BroadcastingfromSt.Mary'sCathedralateveningDevotionsonLowSunday,Rev.FatherD.Breslin,O.M.I.gavea ,-trikingoutlineoftheuniqueclaimsoftheCatholicChurch. ereprintbelowacondensationofthefulltext:

"ThouartPeter,anduponthis rockIwillbuildMyChurch."

-Matt.XVI.,18.

Nineteenhundredyearsago, theonlybegottenSonofGod becameman.Foroverfour thousandyearstheJewishpeoplehadlongedandprayedfor Hiscoming,forHewastoredeemmankindfromtheconsequencesoftheFall.Hecame, asHeHimselfsaid,'thatwe mighthavelifeandhaveitmore abundantly."Togiveusthe lifeofgraceherebelow,sothat wemightobtainthelifeofglory hereafter.ButHecamenot onlytoopenthegatesofHeavenclosedbyoriginalsin,but alsotoshowusbyHisteaching andexamplehowtogainthat eternallifeofglory."Iam theway,"Hesaid,"thetruth andthelife."SoHewasnot onlyaRedeemerandSaviour. butalsoaTeacher."Tothis endwasIbornandforthis cameIintotheworld,thatI shouldbearwitnesstothe truth."ForthreeyearsHe taughtandinstructedHischosenpeople.Hegatheredaround HimabandofDisciples,and fromtheseHeafterwardschose twelvewhomHenamedApostles.TheseHespeciallytrained.Daybydaytheypassed underHiseyes,drinkinginthe wordsofheavenlywisdomwhich fellsocopiouslyfromHislips, learningfromHimhowthey weretoestablishtheKingdom ofGodintheworld,fortheyweretocontinueandperpetuate Histeachingworkonearth. TheyweretocontinueHismissionnotonlyamongtheJews, butamongallthepeoplesofthe world.Hesaidtothem,"As theFatherhathsentMe,soalso Isendyou-going,therefore, teachyeallnations,andbehold Iamwithyoualldaysevento theconsummationoftheworld"; evidentlyimplyingthatthe Apostlesshouldhavesuccessors, becausetheythemselvescould notcarryoutthisdivinecommand.Theycouldnotlivefor evernorteachallnations.And yetthiswasHiswish.

Themessagentrustedtothe Apostleswasamostimportant one.Themostimportantthat waseverdelivered,becauseon itsdeliberateacceptanceorrejectiondependedman'seternal salvation.Menwerenotleft free;theywereboundtoaccept theteachingoftheApostlesor elsebeoutcastsfromtheKingdomofGod."liewhowillnot heartheChurch,lethimbeto theeastheheathenandthepub- lican."Sucharesultmadeit absolutelynecessarythatthe menwhowerethebearersof God'smessagecouldsay,"What wepreachtoyouiswithoutthe faintestshadowofadoubtGod's ownword;thereisnottheremotestpossibilitythaterrorof anykindhastaintedit."Itwas tooseriousamattertotrifle with,toleaveopentoquestion, ordoubtofanykind.Absolutecertaintywasessential wherethisteachingwasconcerned,becauseitledmento eternallifeoreternaldamnation.

TheSonofGodprovidedfor thissupremenecessity.Notonly didHegiveHisApostlespower toteach,butHegavethem adivineguarantee:"Hewho hearethyou,hearethMe"What yousay,Isay;whatyoudo,I do:ItheGodofTruth,willpreserveyoufromerror."Behold Iamwithyou,"notforafew years,notforacenturyortwo; no,butforalltime,aslongas theworldshalllast"'Behold Iamwithyoualldaysevento theconsummationoftheworld." He,theunerringSonofGod. wouldliveoninHisChurch,directing,guidingandstimulating her.NotonlydidhethusguaranteeHisChurchfreefromer.

rorinmattersofdoctrine,but Hefurtherconferredpowerto teachalltruthinecessaryfor salvation.BeforeHisAscensionintoHeaven,Hepromised HisApostlesthatHewouldsend theHolyGhost,whowouldteach themallthings. TheApostleswerefullyaware oftheauthoritythathadbeen investedinthembytheirDivine Master.AttheCouncilofJeru. salem,thefirstheldintheinfantChurch,shortlyafterthe DescentoftheHolyGhost,theymaderulesregardingdiscipline, andgaverulingsontheques- tionsunderdiscussion.They werethedispensersofthemys- teriesofthewisdomandofthe

"Withinits peace

ernthewholeChurch.Hewas tobetheChiefPastor,Christ's Vicaronearth.

Aswelookaroundusto-day andseethemanyhundredsof sects,thedifferentchurches,and religions,eachclaimingtobe Christian,wemustaskourselveswhichoftheseisthetrue Church.Thesechurchesteach differentdoctrinesanddisagree onfundamentalpointsofbelief, sowecannottruthfullysay theyareallthesamesinceTruth isone.

JesusChristfoundedOneInfallibleChurch,oneguideto bringmentoheaven.Hesaid MyChurch,notMychurches. AndHesaidallmenmustbe. longtothatOneTrueChurch andobeyher."Hewhowill notheartheChurch,lethimbe totheeastheheathenandthe publican."Wecannotbemore

walls

notbeachievedbyhunifinmeans.

ItwastobeHoly.Jesus said:"AndforthemdoIsanctifyMyself,thattheyalsomay besanctifiedintruth."St. Paulwrote:"Christlovedthe ChurchanddeliveredHimselfup forit.ThatHemightsanctify it,cleansingitbythelaverof waterinthewordoflife.That HemightpresenttoHimselfa gloriousChurch,nothavingspot orwrinkleoranysuchthing, butthatitshouldbeholyand withoutblemish."Itspurpose istomakepeoplegoodandholy. ThatChurchhadforitshead andchiefcornerstonetheAll HolySonofGod;ShewasHis Spouse.Shehadnecessarilyto beHoly.

ItwasaCatholicChurch.Catholicmeansuniversalandcomplete."Goye,"Hesaid,."and teachallnations."Thatisuni-

soulsfindsolaceand withoutthereisthenight"

versality,and"allthingsthatI havecommandedyou,''thatis completeness,thewholeofMy doctrine.

itwasApostolic.Thatmeans itwasfoundedbyChristonHis Apostles,withPeterattheir head.Itmustgobacktothem andnotbeaman-madeinstitution.

Andnowwehavethesefacts:

(1)JesusprayedforHisChurch andpromisedthatShewouldendureuntiltheendoftime.He wasGodandsothat Hefoundedmustexistinthe worldto-day.(2)Hepromised thattheHolyGhostwouldpre- serveherfromerror.Now,if thatChurchhasfalleninto error,thentheHolyGhostfailed.Tothinksuchathingis blasphemy.Sotheonetrue Church;indefectibleandinfallible,isintheworldto-day.(3) Thatitiseasilyfoundbyreason ofthefourmarksithadinthe beginning.

Wenowexaminethechurches inturn,andfindthatoneChurch onlyfulfilsthenotes,bearsthe foursignsofChrist'sdivinelyfoundedmouthpieceonearth, andsheistheHolyRomanCatholicChurch.

theRomanPontiff.Surelythis istheunityimpossibleofachievement,humanlyspeaking, butpossiblethroughGod's power"thattheworldmight knowthatThouhastsentMe."

TheCatholicChurchisHoly. Judgeherbyherfruits. Beholdhercelibatepriesthood,her numerousreligious Order% whereconsecratedvirginsspend theirlivesinteaching,nursing thesickanddying,caringfor theoldandabandoned.Seethe manyOrdersofBrothers, wheremenboundbythetriple vowsofPoverty,Chastityand Obedienceliveheroiclives,lives ofselfsacrifice,inhospitals, schools,orphanages,asylum,.In nootherchurchdothethreeessentialChristlikevirtuesofhumility,chastity,andcharity, shineforthwithsuchdazzling resplendence.Seethenumber ofherchildren.declaredSaints ofGod,renownedforsupereminentsanctity,whomyearby yearsheraisestoher altars. TheCatholicChurchaloneis holy,forshealoneto-dayina pleasureseekingworldinsists onthesanctityandindissolubilityofthemarriagetie;thesin fulnessofbirthprevention,nay, evenbeliefintheverydivinity ofherFounder. ShealoneisApostolic.She alonecantracebackthroughher supremePastor,theBishopof Rome,toanApostle.Down throughthecenturiesinanunbrokenlinecanbetracedthe goldenchainofApostolicsuccession.PopeafterPope,each oneofthemexercisingPeter's authorityandbeingobeyedas Peter'ssuccessor.DownthroughtheagesthesupremacyofjurisdictionofthePopeswasadmittedbyCouncils,FathersandDoctorsoftheChurch.Whendisputesaroseonquestionsoffaith andmorals,thePopejudgedthe matter,andhisjudgmentwas acceptedasfinalbyall.Touse thewordsofSt.Augustinein the4th.century:"Romehasspoken-thematterisended." TheCouncilsofChalcedonand Ephesusproclaimthegreattruth thattheApostlePeterlivesand exerciseshisauthorityinhissuccessors.ThesearethecredentialsoftheHolyRomanCatholicChurch,theoneandonly ChurchfoundedbyJesusChrist formen'ssalvation.

WHEREPETERIS,THERETOOISTHECHURCH. knowledgeofGodfortheirtellowmen.Theywerethewitnessesofnochildren'sstory,no fairyrule,butofGod'struthto Hispeople.

Inthelanguagewhichour Lordspokethesamewordpreciselyisused.St.Peter,althoughnotthefirsttobecalled totheApostolate,wasalwaysregardedbyHisfellow-Apostlesas chief.Hisnamecomesfirstin theGospels.Itwasforhim thatChristprayedspecially.JesustoldtheApostlesthat Satandesiredtohavethemthat hemightsiftthemaswheat; "but,"Hesaid,"Ihaveprayed forPeter,thatth'yfaithfailnot, andthoughbeingstrengthened, confirmthybrethren." Peter wouldneverfail.ItwasPeter whowalkedatChrist'scommand uponttewater;it,wasfrom hisboatHetaughtthemultitude;itwastohimheappear- edafterHisResurrectionbefore appearingtotheotherApos- tles.LateronOurDivine Lordappearedagaintothe ApostlesattheSeaofTiberias, evenafterPeter'sdenial,and thereJesussaidtoPeter:"Feed MylambsandfeedMysheep." Hewasmaderulerofthewhole flock.PeterasPrinceofthe Apostleswastoruleandgov-

liberalthanChrist.Howare mentoknowamongallthechurchesin.theworldwhichisthe onefoundedbyJesusChrist? HesaidHistrueChurchwould bealwayseasilyfoundand known.Hesaiditwouldbelike acitysetuponahill.Nota cityhiddenawayandhardto find,butoutstandinginthe world,easilyseenbyanyone whocaredtolokforit.Men havemerelytogobacktothe GospelsandexaminetheChurc'h asHefoundedit.Hegaveit certainsigns,certaincharacteristics,certainmarks,anditwas tohavethemalways,sothat futuregenerationsmightbe abletodistinguishit.These marksorsignswereUnity,Catholicity,Sanctity,andApostolicity.Itwastobeonein FaithandGovernment.

Jesuscomparedittoacity,a sheepfold,ahouse,akingdom. Allthesecomparisonsbetoken unity.Moreover,Heprayed thattheymightbeunitedinbelief,"asThouFatherinMe,and Iinthee,thattheyalsomay beoneinus.Thattheymay beone,aswealsoareone."And itwastobeaunitythatwould benoticedbyeverybody;itwas tobevisibleandexternally manifested,andsuchascould

SheisoneinDoctrine,SacramentsandSacrifice.Onein Faith.Shestandsuniquein theworldto-day.Evenher bitterestenemiespayglowingtributetoherunity.Scattered throughoutthelengthand breathoftheworldherhuge family-biggerthanalltheother Christiansectsputtogether- numbersover400millions.These areallboundinlovingobedience toSt.Peter'slawfulsuccessor,

Thereisnomorefittingconclusiontoasermonofthiskind thantorepeatthebeautifully andconciselyexpressedeulogy ofadistinguishedlayman:"Itis acityandlikeallcitiesitshelterstheblind,theweak,the maimed,aswellasthestrong andhealthy,butitistheCityof God;therearenottwo,thereIs butone,andwithinitswalls soulsfindsolaceandpeace; withoutthereisthenight."

Regarding the H.A.C.B.S.

ItistheONLYCATHOLICBENEFITSOCIETYinW.A. ItcatersfortheSpiritual,MaterialandSocialWelfareofits Members. ItsbenefitsarnotexcelledbyanyotherFriendlySocietyinW.A. Itsranksareopentomalesandfemalesfrom16yearsup- wards.

FullparticularsfromTHEGRANDSECRETARY.W.IVANKEOGH, 56ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,7th.Floor,C.M.L.BUILDINGS,PERTH.

'PHONEB7510,ormembersofyourLocalBranch.

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

LoretoConvent"Osborne/I Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinall branchesofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolisbeautifullysituatedbetweenOceanand River,inextensivegrounds,withfineplayingfieldsandprivate SwimmingPoolinRiver.

Telephone:F2135. Apply-MOTHERSUPERIOR.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL HIGHGATE-PERTH

(ConductedbytheSistersNotreDameDesMissions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS.

PupilsC-sparedAllExaminations

JUNIORHIGHSCHOOL,HaroldStreetEntrance.

AlsoatLEAROYDSTREET,MT.LAWLEY. ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

'Nome:B3810.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

BoysreadyforatleastSixthClass,andrecommendedby theirParishPriest,cannowbeenrolledfor1948.Onlyinvery specialcircumstanceswillanyfreshapplicantsfor1947beconsidered.Anypreferenceswillbegiventocountryboys. ForParticularsapplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY.

ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSHOOLSOFW.A. AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU1520. FORBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS.

Boysadmittedfrom7upwards.

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanning ForParticularsapplyto- Bridge.

ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

WereYouOneoftheLuckyOnesthisTina?

IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROMCHARLESWATSON&CO. £2,000for2/6..OtherPrizesbytheThousand.

76BARRACKST.(nextWilsonandJohn's)

unsuitable.

TheManagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"466MayStreet, Perth.'PHON1:B6960.

mileAWHILE

"OurfriendEgberthasjustbecomeengaged-haveyoucongratulatedhim?"

"No,Ican't."

"Whynot?"

"Idon'tknowher,soIcannot congratulatehim-Icannotcongratulateher,because1doknow him."

ThebigRolls-Roycecametoa purringstopinthetrafficjam, andthemanonthepavementoppositenudgedhiscompanion.

"Seethatmiserable-looking chapinthatbigcar?"

"Well,whoishe?"

"HeusedtobetheChancellor oftheExchequer."

"Andthatfreakathissideisthathiswife?"

"Sure.She'sthecheckerof theex-Chancellor."

Farmer(tohorsedealer):"No, Idon'tbearyenomalice.I onlyhopethatwhenyou'rechasedbyapackofraveningwolves you'llbedrivingthathorseyou soldme!"

Theywereentertainingthe vicartolunch,andtheguestremarkedtothesmallsonofthe house,"Don'tyoueversayprayersbeforeyourmeals,Tommy?"

"Oh,no,"saidtheyoungster. "Dadsayscurcookisperfectly reliable."

* "Ibegyourpardon,madam" saidanofficial,"thereseemsto besomemistakehere.Either youhavealreadyvotedorsomeonehasvotedinyourplace."

"Oh.thatwasI,"saidthefair votress votedearlythis morning,butIhavechangedmy mind,andwanttovotetheother waynow."

* * AnIrishmanandanAmerican, weretalkingabouttheirown countries,whentheAmerican said:"Americaistherichest countryintheworldto-day."

"Shure,"saidPat,"Oireland willsoonbetherichest"

"How'sthat?"askedtheAmerican.

"Shure,"answeredPat,"isn't thecapitalalwaysDublin?"

* * * *

Brown:"DidSmithtakehis misfortunelikeaman?"

Green:"Hedid.Helaidthe blameonhiswife."

*

ThecolonelofthenewBritish Armyhadaprivateonthemat.

Colonel:"Whydidn'tyousal utemePrivate:yesterday?" "1didn'tseeyou,sir."

Colonel:"Good;Iwasafraid youwereangrywithme."

AyoungArmyofficerwas transferredfromonecampto another,antihiscolonelsent alongalettersayingthathe wasagoodofficer,butthathe hadonevice-gambling.

"Youngman,"saidthenew commandingofficer,'Ihearthat youareaddictedtogambling. That'sabadhabit.Whatdo youbeton?"

"01,,anything,"wasthereply. "Forinstance,I'llbetyoua fiveryouhaveamoleonyour leftshoulder."

"Justtotrytocureyou,I'll takethatbet,"saidthecolonel. Andheremovedhisblouseto provethathehadnoblemishon hisshoulder.Thelieutenant paidhim.Thenthecolonelsat downandwrotetothelieutenant'sformercolonel,sayinghe hadalreadytaughttheyoung manalesson,andtellingwhat hadhappened.

Inafewdayshereceivedthis reply:". Theyoungsterwins. Beforehelefthebetmeatennerhe'dhaveyourshirtoffyour backfiveminutesafterhemet you."

"Whereisyourfather,son?" "Outdressingupahorse."

"Jdon'tunderstand." "Hesaidashewentoutthat hewasgoingtoputhisshirton it."

Kathleen:"Oi'msorrytohear uvyerbereavement,Bridget. Butphwat'stheideaofthe mournin'bandaroundyerleg?" Bridget:"Memotherjustpassedaway."

Kathleen:"Hiyinmewithye, Bridget,butwhyaren'tyewearin'thebandonyersleeve?"

Bridget:"Shewasmestepmother."

Thelandladybustleduptothe newlodgerashecamedownto breakfastthefirstmorning.

"Goodmorning,sir,"she wheezed.

"Goodmorning,"saidthelodger. "Ihopeyouhadagoodnight's rest,"saidthelandlady.

"No,"saidthemild-mannered littleman;"yourcatkeptme awake."

"Oh,"saidthelandlady,tossingherhead,"Isuposeyou're goingtoaskmetohavethe poorthingkilled."

"No,notexactly,"saidthe gentlelodger,"butwouldyou very,muchmindhavingittuned in * *

Thewifewasverypleasedat hersuccessatthewomen'smeeting,andonherreturnhomeshe saidtoherhusband:"Yes,Iwas absolutelyoutspokenatthe meetingthisafternoon."

Thehusbandlookedincredulous."Icanhardlybelieveit mydear,"hesaid."Whointhe worldoutspokeyou?"

Marion,whohadbeentaughtto reporthermisdeedspromptly, cametohermotheroneday, sobbingpenitently.

"Mother,I-I-brokeabrick inthefireplace." "Well,thatisnotveryhard toremedy.Buthowonearth didyoudoit?"

"Ipoundeditwithfather's watch."

* *

Anexplorerwasspeakingat adinnergiveninhishonour, lustbeforehestartedonalong journeyintotheheartofAfrica. Hewasnotaccustomedtopublicspeaking,and,concluding hisremarks,said:"Ithankyou allforyourkindwishesregardingmywelfareonthisdangerousjourney;andI,wantyouto knowthatwhenIamfaraway, surroundedbyugly,grinning, savagefaces,Ishallcertainly thinkofyou."

ANewZealander,badly woundedduringtheItaliancampaign,waspickedupfordead butturnedouttobeverymuch alivewhenbroughttothefield hospital."Youmusthavebeen inprettyawfulshape,"commentedthedoctorashelooked atthebulletpuncturesandfractures.

"Iwasthat,sir,"thesoldier agreed."Butdoyouknow,I feltsureallthetimethat wasn'treallydead."

"Whatmadeyousosure?" askedthedoctor,withnoother purposethantohumourthe man.

"Well,sir,itwasthisway. Myfeetwerecold,andIwas hungry. Ifigureditoutthat ifIwasinheavenIwouldn'tbe hungry,andifIwasinhell wouldmyfeethavebeencold?"

* *

*

Thereturnedairmanwastellinghisfriendsofhisexperienceswhileundergoingtrainingin Canada.

"Oneday,"hesaid,"wewent onahuntingtripandstopped offatanislandforlunch.Wanderingintothebushtogather woodforthefire,Iransmack intooneofthebiggestgrizzly AsI'd mygunatthecamp,naturally Ihadtodosomethingmighty quick. Iwasstandingright underatree,butthenearest branchwastwentyfeetfrom theground.Anyhow,Imadea jumpforit."

"Didyoumakeit?"gasped thelisteners.

Andthereturnedairmanreplied:"Ididn'tmakeitgoing up,butIcaughtitcoming down."

WHITEROCKQUARRIES

FOR

ALLGRADESOFMETALFORROADCONSTRUCTION ANDCONCRETEWORK

Phones:B8866,18989.AfterHoursMW24. 3rdFLOOR,COLONIALMUTUALBLDGS,PERTH

MEN'SWEAR

SUITS,OVERCOATS,SPORTSCOATS,TROUSERS, UNDERWEAR,HATS,SHOES,Etc

BOYS'CLOTHING

Howwerethemosquitoes aroundyourwaythissummer? Afellowwritesusthatthey havenearlydrivenhimcrazy downhisway."Andarethey tough!"hesays.Theothernight, justbeforehehopedintobed, hetookacandleandwentround burningthem.Heincinerated themallbaronebigfellowthat seemedtobetheleader.After achase,hecorneredthatone andheldthecandleunderit,but theskeeterjustturnedaround andblewthecandleout.

WALSHS

THEBIGSTOREFORMENANDBOYS. CENTRALHAYSTREET

Wednesday,April16,1947.

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage3.)

motheroftheEmperorConstantine,andsiteisreputedto havediscovereditinasortof wellorcavenearCalvary (which,incidentally,Iwas privilegedtovisitduringthe war).ButasSt.Helena's discoverywasmade,Ithink, sometimeabout336A.D., whatguaranteeistherethat whatshefoundreallywasthe TrueCross?"

A.:Youhavegivenanaccurate statementofthetraditionregardingthe"Findingofthe TrueCross."Theonlyguaranteewehaveofthegenuineness ofthediscoveryisthistradition datingfromthe4th.centuryand verystrongfromthe5th.It issupportedbythestatementof St.Cyril,BishopofJerusalemin 351A.D.,writingtotheEmperor.Weshouldneedmuchmore thanmerelynegativearguments towarranttheabandonmentof thistradition.

Youconcludeyourletter:

"Furthermore,isitnotafact thatifallthebitsofpiecesof theextant'relicsoftheTrue Cross'werecollected,they couldbemadetoformnotone, butseveralfull-sizecrosses?

AreweasCatholicsboundto believethatalltheserelics aregenuine?"

A.:No.Wearenotboundto believethatalltheserelicsare genuine.TheChurchhascontinuallybeenonherguardagainsttheforgingofso-calledre. lies;infactthereisacontinual andsteadylegislationonthe matterfromearlytimes.EspeciallyintheMiddleAges,since therewasapositivecrazeforinventingrelics-veryofteninthe bestofgoodfaithandwithout anymaliceatall-theChurch hadtoimposethemoststring entlawsregardingtheirvenerationandtheseverestpenalties fortheabuseoftheselaws.

Manyrelicsveneratedfrom timeimmemorial,withtheapStovesrelinedortradedinon LatestGasorWoodStoves.W.A. Stoves.B6307.

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W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. / (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park

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OnHire:Crockery,Cutleryand Glassware,etc 'PhoneB9454

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MEAD,SON&CO.

FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPAIL

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMAIRLE

THERECORD

provalofChurchmen,arecertainlyspurious;andtheChurch inallowingthefaithfultoveneratethemnow,doesnotvouch fortheirgenuineness,butallows loveandrespecttobepaidtoa Saint,throughthehonourpaid tothisparticularobject,which nowhasbecome,bythevenerationofsucceedinggenerations, closelyconnectedwiththedevotiontothisparticularsaint.

Asapostscriptyouwrite: "ImaysoundabitlikeDoubtingThomas,butI'mnotreally. Ijustwant'togetthe'gen' onallthis."

A.:Iamgratefultoyoufor yourniceletter,andIhopethat Ihavefullysatisfiedyouonall thepointsyoumentioned.EspeciallyIshouldlikeyoutobe clearaboutthefactthattheobviousdutyofagoodCatholicis topresumethatwhenarelic, e.g.,oftheTrueCross,ispresentedtohimforvenerationby oneinaresponsibleofficialposition,thatitisagenuinerelic andthereforeworthyofhishomage.

WhyCatholicsGoTo MassEverySunday

"Next-DoorNeighbour,"Subiaco:

"WhyareCatholicsdifferent fromotherpeople?Inour street,somepeoplenevergoto church,othersgonowand then,butthereisonefamily ofR.C.'s,andthisiswhat happens:aboutanhourbefore churchtime,thethreeyoungestkiddiesareturnedout doneupintheirbest,thoroughlyscrubbedandpolished.

Then,three-quartersofanhour later,andjustintimetomake it,comeMumandDad,andten minutesafter,walkingata catch-the-buspace,comesbig sister,alldolledup-andlast ofall,whenalltheothers areoutofsight,comeslongleggedbigbrotheragedtwenty-two,goinglikeyou-knowwhatonabicyclethat'smuch toosmallforhim.Mypoint isthatIcanunderstandpeople feelinganurgetoworship fromtimetotime,butR.C.'s seemtogotochurcheven whentheyhaven'tgotanythinglikethemoodforit."

A.:YousaythatCatholicsare notlikeotherpeople.Well,at anyrate,theCatholicfamilyyou describeisdelightfullyhuman. Ifyoulistenoftentothissession,youwillnoticethatsome peoplecomplainthatCatholics aresolikeotherpeoplethat theyareno better.

Perhapsyouwillremember thatOurLorddescribedhis Apostlesas:"Intheworld"but "notoftheworld,"soevidently Hisdisciplesoughttobedifferentfromthepagan,materialistic worldofmenand,whileyou mayregretthatCatholicsaren't allSaints,youshouldnotfind faultwiththemfornotkeeping perfectlyinstepwiththemass ofmenwhohavelittletimefor Christ.Actuallywhatpuzzles youaboutthisCatholicfamilyis possiblyjustthis,thatitsmembersarenotsaints;andwhatis moretheyarenotoftheprim andpropertype,andyettheydo takethematterofgoingto ChurchonSundayjustasseriouslyasotherpeopletaketheir goingtobusiness.Theydo reallybelievethatGodcares whethertheygotochurch,they doreallybelievethatGodistheir Fatherandwillmissthemif theyarenotthere,andthelad onthebicycleisquitecertain thatGod,nolessthanthefore. manatthefactory,willwantto knowthereasonwhy,ifhe doesn'tgetthereintime.

CARMELITECARDPARTY

Fridaynight,May2,isthe datechosenfortheCarmelite CardParty,tobeheldagain thisyearattheCollege,Vic. toriaSquare,kindlyloanedby theSistersofMercy. Allcardplayersarecordially invitedtocomealongandhelp makethiseffortasuccess.Noncardplayers,especiallythe friendsoftheCarmeliteSisters, mayalsodotheirsharebybuyingticketsintheraffleofa largearmchair. Tablesmayhebookedbyring. ingB9106.MissA.Cher 406Charles-street,NorthPerth, organiser.

Small-Farming NotNecessarily Independent

(ContinuedfromPage10.)

Itwillclearlyberealisedthereforethatintheindependent farm,whilethereareto be foundelementsbothofthesubsistenceandofthecommercial agriculture,thecommercialaspectissubsidiary.Veryoften itisthoughtbypeoplewhohave devotedlesstimetotheprin. ciplesofindependentfarming thantoobtainingageneralimpressionofwhatthetermcovers,thatindependentfarmingis anothernameforsmallfarming.Thisisnotso.Theidea ofindependentfarminghasno generalrelationtoacreagewhatsoever.Itispossiblefora verysmallfarmtobetiedcompletelytoacommercialagriculture.Perhapsanexampleof thislatercasemayservetodisentangletheideaofindependent farmingfromthatofsmall farming.

RealMeaningofIndependent Farming.

Atadiocesanconferenceof theN.C.R.M.someyearsagothe virtuesofasmallholderneara countrytowninNewSouth Waleswerehighlyextolled.It waspointedoutthathepossessedonlythreeacresoflandin thebendofariver.Hehadleasedthislandfromamanwho hadtwoorthreethousandacres inhisownright,andwhoon thosetwoorthreethousand acreshadbeenabletodo nothingmorethangethimself hopelesslyintodebtsothathis propertywasmortgagedbeyond redemption.Ontheotherhand, themanwhohadobtainedthe leaseofthethreeacreshadput thewholeofhissmallacreage undertomatoes,andbysupplyingtheneedsofthelocaltown hewasabletomakemorethan £1,000intwoyears.

Beingofafrugalturnofmind hehadnutagoodpartofthis moneyinthebank,andatthe timewewerefacedwiththepictureofthemanonthreeacres beingrelativelyprosperousand themanwhohadleasedtheland tohimwithallhiswidespread areawascompletelyinthegrip offinancialinstitutions.The manwhogavethisillustraton satbackcontenttoshowthathe hadprovedthevalueoftheindependentfarmasagainstthe typeofspecialisedcommercial agriculturewhichthe N.C.R.M, condemned.Infacthehaddone nothingofthekind.Itisquite obviousthatthethreeacresdevotedentirelytotomatoeswere justasmuchtiedtoacashcrop asthebroaderareaofthelandholderfromwhomtheyhad beenleased.Theholderofthe threeacreswasno'moreinde pendentasfarasbasicnecessitieswereconcernedthanwasthe holderofthelargerarea.All thatcouldbesaidofhimwas thathehadbeenshrewderinhis appreciationofwhatwasagood marketingproposition.

Ontheotherhand,thereis theexampleofthemanwho wonthecompetitionconducted by"TheLand"Newspaperin NewSouthWales,forthemost progressivefarmerinthatState. HisnameisA.K.Gardiner.As aresultofwinningthecompetitionhewassenttoAmericato investigateagriculturaldevelopmentsintheUnitedStates,and hasjustreturned.Hehadno lessthan2,600acres.Hereis aratherlargefarm.Onthe otherhand,however,thiswas anindependentfarm,inthe sensethatitwasbuiltcompletelyaroundtheideaofobtainingasmuchself-sufficiency aspossible.Themanwhooperateditrealisedthatitwasbad businesspayingoutforthings whichthefarmitselfcouldproduce,andwhichthefarminself wasmeanttoproduce.

(Tobeconcludednextweek.)

PERTHFISHERIES

489

Fish

THEEASTEREGGS

AFavouriteChildren'sStoryinFrance andGermany WHATHASGONEBEFORE.

Abeautifullady,accompaniedbyhertwochildrenanda manservantnamedKuno,has cometostayinalittlevillage situatedinafar-offvalleybetweenhighmountains.Noone knowsanythingaboutthelady. Sherentsalittlehouse,hiresa maidand:endshermanservant toadistanttowntofetchher somehens-forfowlsareunknowninthisneighbourhood.

OnEasterSundaythelady holdsagreatfeastatherplace. Allthepeopleofthevillage, childrenandadults,areinvited. ForEastereggssheuseshens' eggs,colouredallthecoloursof therainbow.Eachchildreceivesaneggwithaninscpiptiononit.Theyaskthelady whatthemessagesmean.NOW

READON:

Theladytookanegg,and read:

Obediencewillmakeachild Beloved,patient,mild.

Sherepeatedthewordsuntil thechildknewthembyheart. Thenshereadasecondinscription:

"Betruthful,everremembering Thatlyingsashamefulthing."

Shereadthemessageoneach child'segg.Thechildrenlearnt therhymes,andwhenat,last theyleftwiththeirparentsthey wereallveryhappy.Theparentswerehappybecausethey hadenjoyedthefeastsovery much,andbecauseeachfamily hadreceivedapresentofone roosterandthreehens.The childrenweredelightedwith theircolouredeggs.

Theladywasatthedoorof herhousetobidthemallgoodbyewhenshenoticedastranger, apooryoungmanwhoappeared verysadandverytired.As theladywasalwaysverycharitableshecalledtheyoungman andspokekindlytohim.She questionedhimandlearntthat hewasonhiswaytovisithis sickmother.Hewastiredbecausehehadbeenwalkingfor alongtime,andhewashungry becausehehadnoteatenanythingsincemorning;forhehad onlyalittlemoneyandhe wantedtokeepittogiveitto hismother,whowaspoorand verysick.

Thelady,touchedbytheyoung man'sstory,invitedhimin,gave himagoodmeal;andwhenhe hadeatenasmuchashewished shegavehimprovisionsforthe remainderofhisjourney,apiece ofgoldforhismother,anda colouredeggonwhichshehad written:

"HavefaithinGod,andyouwill see Hecomfortsinadversity."

Thegoodlady'schildrendrew neartheyoungman,andwhen hespokeofhislittlebrother andlittlesister,whowereabout theirage,thechildrengavehim aredeggforhisbrotheranda blueeggforhissister.The youngmantEankedtheladyand herchildrenverywarmly,and proceededonhisway.

Hecrossedthemountains,ate whatthekindladyhadgiven him,andtowardssunsethedrew nearhisnativevillage.This youngman,whosenamewas Fridolin,wascrossingagully whensuddenlyheperceiveda riderlesshorse,completewith saddle.

"That'sstrange,"hesaid."I seeahorse,butnorider!"

Suddenlyhethoughttohim self:"Perhapstheriderhas beenthrown.Perhapsheisin needofhelp.!"

Fridolinwasanxioustoget home,buthesearchedalongthe gullyandsooncameacrossa maninarmourwhoappearedto bedead.

Fridolinexaminedtheman carefully.Heremovedhishelmet,andwhenhesawthatthe manwasnotdeadherantoget somewaterinthehelmetfrom anearbypool,andhebathedthe

poorman'sface.Afewminuteslaterthepoormanopened hiseyes.Fndolingavehim somewatertodrink,andthe mansaid:

"ThankGodyoucamealong. Ihadafallfrommyhorsehere lastnight.IthinkIhave brokenmyleg.1havenotbeen abletomountmyhorse.I've beenthinkingIwoulddiehere, alone,withoutafriend.I've hadnothingtodrinksinceyesterday,andI'mvery,very thirsty.I'vehadnothingto eateither.Haveyouamorsel ofbreadyoucangiveme?"

"AlaS,"saidFridolin,"I've eatenallthebreadandcheese thegoodladygaveme.I've onlygotthreecolouredeggs, giventomeformymother,my brotherandmysister."

"Oh,"saidthepoorman, "pleasegivetheseeggs.Iwill giveyouapieceofgoldforeach egg,and,sinceyouarepoor,the goldwillbeofmoreusetoyour parentsthantheeggs."

Fridolinsaid:"Thankyou, sir. Idon'twantyourgold, butIwillgiveyoutheeggsfor mymother,mybrother,andmy sisterwouldgivethemtoyou willinglyiftheywerehere."

Thepoormanatethefirstegg hungrily.Healsoatethesecondegg;butwhenFridolinwas abouttobreakthethirdeggfor himthemansaid:"No,my frier.d!Letuskeepthategg.It isverypretty."

Themanexaminedtheegg, andtheinscriptiononit: "HavefaithinGod,andyouwill see Hecomfortsinadversity."

"That'sverytrue,"hesaid. "Beforelosingconsciousness prayed,andIsaid:'God,please helpme"-andGodhassentyou tosavemylife."

Fridolinwentandgotthe man'shorse.Hehelpedhimto mount.Thenheheldthehorse bythebridleandledtheway tohisvillage,wherehehadthe joyoffindinghismotherquite recoveredfromherillness.Fridolinmadethemancomfortable inbed.Thenhewentforthe doctor,whocameanddressed thebrokenleg.Thedoctorsaid totheman:"Youwillhaveto lieupfcrsixweeks.Thenyou cancontinueyourjourney."

T!einjuredmansaid:"Alas, sixweekeisaverylongtime. Andmymasteriswaitingfor me,mypoormaster! However,sinceImusthavepatience, Iwillnotgrumble."

Theinjuredmanremainedfor sixweeks'nthehouseofthese poorpeople Whenthetime wasuphegotreadytoleave. Hehailplentyofgoldinhis pocketsandhepaidthepoor peoplehanOsemelyfortheircare andattention l:Tegaveapiece ofgoldtothelittlegirland said:"Mylittleone,Ihaveeatenaprettyhalecolouredegg senttoyoubsanotherlittle girl.Hereisepieceofgoldto replacetheegg."

Healsogavegoldtothelittle boy,andhesaidtoFridolin's mother:"Madam,letmehave theeggthegoodladysentyou. IwouldliketokeepitasasouvenirofthedangerIwasin,and asareminderofGod'sgoodness tome.Pleasegiveittome, andIwillgiveyoualsoapiece ofgolo" Thegoodwomanagreed, andthemansetouttofindhis masterforhewasaman-atarmsandhismasterawaitedhis returnimpatiently.

Whilsttheinjuredmanwas atFridolin'splace,theladyand herchildrenhadcontinuedto liveinthevillagebetweenthe highmountains.Kunowent oftentothenearesttown.One dayhecamebackfromthetown ingreatagitationandsaid: "Madam,Ihavebadnewsfor you."

Theladypaled,butshemade asignforthemanserventtofollowherintothehouse.They hadalongconversationtogether.AtlastKunoleftand wenttothemiller'shouseinthe

DearCornerites

How'severyonethisweek? Lifeproceedsatasedatesnail's paceforyourstrulyatthemoment.Infact,I'vebeenatsuch alowebbthatI'vetakentoconsultingwithUncleBobtosee whetherhecouldsuggestaremedyfor"theblues";andwith hiscustomarycheerfulness(he's horriblyunsympathetic)hehas toldmethatwhattheCorner needsisanewfeaturetolow somenewbloodintoit.It'll givemenewlife,hesays.

Idon'tknowwhatyouwill thinkofUncleBob'sidea,but

havevanishedwhiletheirworks liveon.HesaysCornerites willbeinterestedtohearabout thesepeopl,e,whomtheywill scarcelyeverhearaboutin school. UncleBobconvincedme,anyhow,thattheideawaswortha trial,andwhenheofferedto digouttheinformationforme Itoldhimtogoahead.Soin thisissuewehavethefirstof thearticles,undertheheading: "TheyMadeHistory." IconfessI'minterestedmyself,and Ihopeyouwillbe,too.Please writeandtellmewhatyou think.

thingwithyourpackagesof stamps.DonationstotheBushles'Scheme,orevenlettersto me,arelikelytogoastrayif enclosedwithbundlesofstamps Collectoldstampsandsendthem intome-butkeepthemsepar ate!-Sincerely,

AUNTBESSY

Let'sHaveaPoem

THEGAYCROCO.DILE.

Thereoncewasagaycrocodile, Whohadamostbeautifulsmile, Whereverhewent Hespreadgreatcontent, Sothecrocodile'ssmilewas worthwhile.

TIME,YOUOLDGIPSYMAN.

Thishappily-wordedsugges. lionoftheunceasingjourneying ofTime,leavinghismarks everywhere,isbyMr.Ralph Hodgson,in"PoemsofTo-day." Mr.Hodgsonisoneofthe20th. centurypoetswhoseworkshould notbemissed:

Timeyouoldgipsyman, Willyounotstay, Putupyourcaravan Justforoneday?

AllthingsI'llgiveyou, Willyoubemyguest: fellsforyourjennet Ofsilverthebest. Goldsmithsshallbeatyou Agreatgoldenring, Peacocksshallbowtoyou, Littleboyssing; Oh,andsweetgirswill Festoonyouwithmay. Time,youoldgipsy, Whyhastenaway?

LastweekinBabylon, LastnightinRome, Mornineeandinthecrush UnderPaul'sdome; UnderPaul'sdial, YoutightenyourreinOnlyamoment, Andoffonceagain; Offtosomecity Nowblindinthewomb, Offtoanother, Erethat'sinthetomb.

hereitis.Heproposesthatwe shouldrunaseriesofshortarticlesdealingwithmenand womenwhohavemadehistory. WhenIobjectedthatCornerites mightnotwanttobebothered withhavinghistoryservedupto them(Iwasthinkingofyou,my dears,toilingawayatyour schooldesks!),hepatientlyexplainedthatthereweremany forgottenorhalf-forgottenpeopleofpastyearswhobrought lastingthingsintotheworld andwhosenames,liketheirlives, village.Themillerwasthe richestmanamongalltheinhabitants,andthemostvirtuous, too.

Kunoknockedathisdoor.The milleropenedthedoor,and Kunosaid:"Sir,wouldyoube sokindastocallonmymistress.Shedesirestospeakto you."

Themillerwentimmediately tothelady'splace,andshesaid tohim:"Sir,Ihaveaskedfor youbecauseIwanttotellyou mystory.Ihaveneedofyour protection.Iamindanger." (TobeConcludedNextWeek.)

BUSHIES' CORNER

Thefollowingdonationtothe Bushies'Schemeisgratefully acknowledged: s.d.

Previously acknowledged 2356 R.M.(Subiaco) 200

Total 12556

Iwouldbegladtoreceivefurtherpackagesofusedstamps. Lastyearwedidwellinthisdirection.Iwanttowarnyou, though,againstenclosingany-

Time,youoldgipsyman, Willyounotstay, Putupyourcaravan, Justforoneday?

.,1,-=1, ^MIN,

THEYMADE

No.1 TheManWho

Haveyoueverstoppedto thinkwhowrote"Pussin Boots"?Youwouldnotbe muchenlightenedifItoldyou thatitwasGiovanniFrancesco Straparola.

Youwouldnotknow,forexample,whenthismanlivedor wherehelived.Youmight guessfromhisnamethathewas anItalian-youwouldnotrecall thathelivedinVeniceinthe earlyyearsofthe16th.century.

No,"PussinBoots"haslived onthroughthecenturies.Itis nowpartofourhistory,the fairy-talehistorywelearnwhen weareveryyoung.Butthe manwhocreated"PussinBoots" hasbeenforgotten.

StraparolawasacleverItalianwhoprobablywenttoVenice,becauseinthosedaysitwas amarvellousplaceforprinting books.Venice,indeed,wasthe wonderoftheworld,andall sortsofclevermenweredrawn tothetownbecauseofitsriches, andthesplendidcompanytobe foundthere.Straparolalived thereformanyyears,insome unknownhousebythesideof someoldcanal,andtherehe wrotehisstoriesandgotthem printedinthelovelycityofthe sea.

Doyourememberthestoryof "PussinBoots"?Atrulydelightfulpieceofnonsensethat

Histor)(

Wrote"PussinBoots" appealstotheimaginationand amuseswithitshumour.Ifyou wouldliketohearitagain,write toAuntBessyandI'msureshe wouldseethatitappearedsoon onthispage.Iwasalways tickledbythestupidityofthe kingwhocouldn'tseethrough theschemesofthewilycat-the kingwhowasimmenselypleased becausethecat'smasterfellin lovewiththeprincess.Every nowandagainthekingwould leantowardshisdaughter'sear andwhisper:"Iusedtodothat whenIwascourting."

Nextweekwewillpeepagain intothelandoffairytalesand dwellforafewmomentsonanotheroldfavouriteandits maker.

STANO'BREN, COURTHOTEL, PERTH Phone:B4281.

PUPPYANDFRIEND.