The Record Newspaper 02 April 1947

nrFICIALORGANOFTHEARCHDIOCESEOFPERTH,ESTABLISHED1874.

RegisteredattheG.P.O,,Perth,fortransmissionbypostasanewspaper.

OutstandingLeadershipof PopePiusXIIforEnduring Peace

WhytheU.S.MaintainsSpecial MissiontoHolySee

TheterminationofMyronTaylor'smissiontotheVaticanas thepersonalrepresentativeof PresidentTrumanwouldnotonly renewreligiousrivalrieswhich mostAmericanshadhopedwere permanentlystilled,"butwould alsohinderthisGovernmentin itseffortstobringabouttheestablishmentofajustandlasting peace,"SumnerWelles,former Under-secretaryofState,assertedrecentlyintheNewYork "HeraldTribune."

Mr.Welles'statement,the mostforcefulbyanAmerican publicfigureofhisstaturesince recentagitationtohaveMr.Taylorrecalled,isreprintedbythe 'CatholicNews,"NewYork.

"Itisunfortunatethatthe controversyoverMyronTaylor's missionasthePresident'spersonalrepresentativeattheVaticanshouldhaverecentlyflared upagain,andthistimeinwhat appearstobeanacuteandeven virulentform.Theworldisalreadytornbyintolerance,byprejudice,andbyantagonismsofone kindoranotherthatitisdeplorablethattheexistingbitterness shouldnowbeaccentuatedherein theUnitedStates.

"ThedecisionofthePresident tocontinueMr.Taylor'smission, atleastuntilpeacehasbeenrestored,hasbeenviolentlyassailedanda.svigorouslydefended. Thereisnoneedtoquestionthe motivesnorthegoodfaithon eithersideinthepresentdispute. Buttheformwhichthecontroversyhastakentendstoobscure anumberofsimplefacts.

"Demandsforthetermination ofMr.Taylor'smissionhavebeen baseduponthefollowingcharges:

"ItisallagedthatPresident Roosevelt'sdecisiontosenda personalrepresentativetothe Vaticanviolatedtheprinciplesof theseparationofChurchand State.Itisfurtherassertedthat thesteptakencircumventsconstitutionalrequirements.Final. inthewordsofarecentprot-st,theTaylormissionissaidto represent'oneofthemostdangerouschaptersinmodernsecret diplomacy.'

"Itishardtounderstandthe reasoningbehindthechargethat

thepolicyinauguratedbyPresidentRoosevelt,andcontinuedby PresidentTruman,runscounter totheprincipleoftheseparation ofChurchandState.TheappointmentofaPresidentialrepresentativeattheVaticancannotaffecttheprovisionsofour Constitutionnorshapeourown internalpolicies.

"Fromthepurelyjuridical standpointtheterritoryknownas theVaticanCityconstitutesa

POPEPIUSXII. -"anoutstandingleader."

sovereignState.Itissorecognisedbythemajorityofnations.

"Attheoutbreakofthewar, almosteverycountryexceptthe SovietUnionandtheUnited States,whetherconstituthu. Protestantasinthecaseof GreatBritain;whetherofficially non-Christian,asinthecaseof Japan,orwhetheranti-Christian, asinthecaseofNaziGermany, hadaccrediteddiplomaticrepre- sentativestotheHolySee. Thosediplomaticmissionshad obviouslynotbeenappointedin ordertofurtheranyextension oftheinfluenceoftheChurch overState.Theywereappoint. edbecausethepowerfulinfluence exercisedbytheVaticanthroughoutagreatpartoftheworld wasrecognised,andbecausethe

REMEMBER Foryournextspecialpermhave thelatest,the'NEWTRIX" MAISONWALTAIREknownforitsmostnaturaland lastingloveliness.

Prop.:GastonWigger(lateSiegristandSimon),FirstFloor, PastoralHouse,St.George'sTerrace.PhoneB5297

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450

dangerous'chapterinmodernsecretdiplomacy.TheforeignrelationsoftheUnitedStatescould notbecarriedonifeveryreport renderedtothePresidentbyone ofhisagentsabroadhadimmediatelytobemadepublic.Under anysuchrequirementastnat,the sourcesofAmericaninformation wouldOryupwithinfiveminutes.

"NoAmericandiplomaticagent inrecentyearshascarriedout hisdutieswithgreaterdiscretion,withgreatersuccessand withagreaterregardforhis country'sintereststhanMyron Taylor.Whenthefullstoryof hismissionisfinallyrecordedit willberecognisedthatithas beenofgreatservicetothe Governmentssorepresented knewthattheVaticanhadavailabletoitsourcesofinformation possessedbyveryfew,ifany, otherGovernments.

"ThePresidentisintrustedby theConstitutionwiththeconduct oftheforeignrelationsofthe UnitedStates.Ifheistocarryouttheseresponsibilitiessuccessfully,hemustbefreetoutilise theservicesofsuchagentsashe mayconsidernecessaryinorder toobtaintheinformationhemay requirewheneverthatisnot availablethroughnormalchannels.ThehistoryoftheUnited Statescontainsinnumerableinstancesoftheexerciseofthis rightbyAmericanPresidents. Personalrepresentativesofthe Presidenthaveoftenbeenappointedwhereofficialdiplomaticrelationshavenotexisted.

CalledMoralForce.

"OneofthereasonswhyPresidentRooseveltsenthispersonalrepresentativetotheVaticanwashisrealisationthatthe UnitedStatesGovernmentmust haveavailabletoiteverypossible shredofintelligencewhich mightassistitinprosecutingthe warorinlayingthefoundations forajustandlastingpeace.

"ButIbelievethataneven morecompellingmotivewasthe President'sconvictionthatthe Vaticanrepresentedagreat moralforce,andthatitwasto theadvantageoftheAmerican peoplethattheirGovernment shouldbeinapositionwhereit couldco-operateeffectivelywith everyworldagencywhichwas strivingforthecreationofa betterinternationalorderandfor apeacebaseduponprinciplesof justiceandofmorality.

"NounprejudicedAmerican citizen,whateverhiscreedmay be,candenythattheVaticanconstitutesoneofthemostpowerfulforcesintheworldofto-day, andthatPopePiusXII.hasbeen anoutstandingleaderinthebattlefortheabandonmentofpoliciesofcrueltyandofaggression, andfortheadoptionofsuch standardsintherelationsbetween rationsascanmakeforenduring peace.

SecrecyEssential.

"ItisimpossibletodealseriouslywiththechargethatMr. Taylor'smissionconstitutesa

UnitedStates.Itwillalsobe seen,astheRev.Dr.Everett Clinchysaidafewmonthsago, thattherehasbeennothingin thismissionwhich'needalarm anysincereProtestant.

"Atleastuntilpeacehasbeen* restoredtotheworld,themeans ofco-operationbetweentheVaticanandthePresidentofthe UnitedStatesaffordedbyMr. Taylor'smissionshouldcontinue. l'heterminationofhismissionas aresultofthepresentagitation wouldnotonlyrenewreligious rivalrieswhichmostAmericans hadhopedwerepermanentlystilled,butitwouldalsohinderthis Governmentinitseffortsto bringabouttheestablishmentof ajustandlastingpeace."

CATHOLIC CENTRAL L/BRARY

CommencingFriday,April11,1947 at8p.m.sharp

Acordialinvitationisextendedto thegeneralpublic

ONTAYLOR servicetotheUnited States."

FOR

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NEWS

***AND HALFTHENAVY'SRECRUITS CANNOTSAY"OURFATHER."

Nearlyhalfthemenof18and 19whoarejoiningtheRoyal Navycansayonlytheopening wordsoftheLord'sPrayer,accordingtoAdmiralSirGeoffrey Layton, Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth.

Otherstatisticssuppliedbythe Admiralwere:

Nearlyoneinsixdoesnot knowwhyChristmasDayiscelebiated.

Onlyonein40knowswhat Whitsuncommemorates.

Although72percent.know whoOurLordwas(only39per centknowwhereHewasborn.

Sixty-twopercent.knowwhat GoodFridaycommemorates, Only46percent.knowabout Easter.

Twenty-threepercent.onlyrepeatedtheLord'sPrayercorrect. ly;20percent.werepartially correct;49percent.knewno morethantheopeningwords.

Cross-Seciion.

Thesefigures,saidtheC-in-C, representedafairaveragecrosssectionofthepopulation.

OfyoungmenjciningtheNavy 73percent.putdowntheirreligionasChurchofEngland.

Acertainnumberdidsobecauseitisth,stablishedchurch andtheydonotknoworcare verymuchaboutit-itistheline ofleastresistance.

Intheotherdenominations,the Catholicandfreechurches,there wasinconsequenceahigherproportionofreallyeffectivemembers,whichwasverystronglyreflectedinchurchattendances.

Nowthatcompulsorychurch paradesareofficiallyabolished, probably75percent.ofdeclared membersoffreechurchesattend church,and95percent.ofthe Catholics.

TheChurchofEnglandfigure islikelytobeabout20percent., thoughitisearlytojudge.

Thisis,ofcourse,hesaid, amongyoungnewly-enteredratirgs.ThefiguredoesnotnecessarilyholdfortheServiceasa whole.

FIRSTMASSOFFEREDIN ARCTIC.

Amongluminousbluemountainsoficeandbeneathagreen sky,thefirstMassevercelebratedintheAntarcticcontinentwas offeredlastmonthonaniceshelf overlookingtheBayofWhales.

ItwasofferedbyFatherWilliamMenster,Americanchaplain oftheflagshipMountOlympus withthisexpedition.

The"church"wasthemess hallintheexpedition'stentcity ontheedgeoftheicebarrier.

Thealtarwasabreadboardon apackingcase.Awhitebedsheetwasthealtarcloth.

ThebackgroundscenewastypicalofaBavarianChristmas cardvillage,duetoiceformationsintheshapeofhouses.

Itwasthefirsttimepublic worshipofanykindhasbeenheld inthismorethan6,000,000square milesoftheearth'ssurface.

Itwasthefulfilmentofaprophecyafternearly2,000years, saidFatherMenster,inusingas histextthewordsfromthefirst chapterofSt.Paul'sEpistleto theRomans:"Igivethankstomy GodthroughJesusChristforall ofyou,becauseyourfaithisproclaimedallovertheworld."

WhentheEpistlewaswritten, hesaid,thiswastrueonlyofthe narrowMediterraneanworldof theApostle'sday,butto-dayitis truefortheentireearth.

TheMassfollowedageneral serviceforalldenominationsand wasattendedbyAdmiralRichard Cruzenandtheexpeditionstaff.

FatherMenster,stressingthe fulfilmentoftheApostle'sprophecy,askedablessingonthe continentasasymbolofpurity andeternalpeaceonearth.

Itistheonlyspotontheglobe, hesaid,thathasneverknownhumanbloodshed.

Thereisnorecordthata clergymanofanydenomination waseveronthecontinentbefore, althoughexpeditionleaders,especiallyCaptainScott,wholed theBritishexpeditionin1912, haveledtheirmenipprayer.

OTES

BROTHERPURTON'SJUBILEE.

50YearsaChristianBrother.

Rev.BrotherD.G.Purton, M.A.hascelebratedthe50th.anniversaryofhisjoiningtheOrder ofChristianBrothers.

Oneofthebestknownand mostsuccessfulteachersinhis orderinAustralia,hehasenteredintoearnedandhonouredretirement.

BrotherPurtonwashornin NewZealand64yearsago.He receivedhisearlyeducationfrom theChristianBrothersatDunedin.Afterhisnovitiatecourse inN.S.W.hecommencedteachingatAlbany,W.A.

Fremantle,Adelaide,Nudgee, Ballarat,MelbourneandGoulburn areothercentresatwhichhehas taughtatdifferenttimes.

Inmorerecentyearshehad beenprincipalatS.P.C.,Ballarat,St.Kevin's,Toorak,and '.P.C.,Goulburn.

VATICANPAPERSAYS: "FIVEPEACETREATIESARE DICTATES."

Thefivepeacetreatiessigned inParis-thoseforItaly,Hungary,Bulgaria,RumaniaandFinland-aredescribedbytheVaticannewspaper,"OsservatoreRomano"as"dictates."

"Donotletusconsidercauses butonlyeffects,"saysthe"Osservatore.""Letus,remember amidprotestsbythoseonwhom thetreatiesareinflicted,thatthe responsibilitydoesnotliesomuch withmenaswithevents.

"Thisisnolongerapeacenegotiatedbetweencombatants,but betweenalliesunited,fordifferentmotives,onthesamesideand pursuingaimsthroughthesame peace. "Ontheserockshascometo resttheshipoftheAtlanticCharter.

"Assometimeshappensonthe highseas,itbecamenecessaryto jettisonthecargoandtrytoreach portunderfardifferentconditionsandindifferentcompanyviaPotsdam,Teheran,Paris.

"Thejouneyisnotyetover, andthenextstopisMoscow. JusticeLost.

"Justice,logicandcommon sensewerelostontheway.

"Letushopethatthoseresponsibleforthetreaties,especiallythetreatywithGermany, willrememberthatpeacemeans thereturntotrustandcollaboration.

"Treatieswhichdonottake thisintoconsiderationarewrittenonsand.

"Letthemrememberthat thoughthevanquishedmayrenouncetheirclaims,thesoulofa nationdoesnotloseitsdignity, evenwhenconvincedthatitmust expiate.

"Ifitisimpossible,becauseof politicalconsiderations,orinadvisabletotalkaboutarevision ofthetreaties,itdoesnotmatter solongasjusticeexistsinthe mind,sothattheregretoftodaymaybecomeconfidencetomorrow,bringingaboutarapprochementwiththepeopleswho neverwantedwar.

"Nationsdonotdie;theysurviveandremember.Ifpeaceis notbasedonmoralprinciples therecanbenofreedomorconsiderationforthedignity,integrityandsecurityofothernations."

CHILEANSTATISTICS.

About95percent.ofChile's 5,389,544inhabitantsareCatholics.Theyareservedbyonly 1,722priests,741ofthemdiocesanand981membersofOrders orCongregations.Thereare threemajorseminarieswith284 students.

collegeswith22,923students,and anumberofprofessionaland technicalschools.

TheCatholicUniversityofSantiago,foundedin1888,wascanonicallyerectedwiththetitleof Pontificalin1980.Affiliated withitaretheIndustrialPolytechnicalInstitute,theschoolof SocialService,theInstituteof FamilyEducation,theCatecheticalHome,andvariousfaculties. Morethan3,000studentsareenrolledintheuniversity, ThereisanotherCatholicuniversityatValparaiso,andapeople'suniversityatSantiago.

INCREASEINCONVERSIONS INENGLANDANDWALES.

Forthethirdyearinsuccessionthe"CatholicDirectory," justpublished,showsanincrease inthenumberofconversionsin EnglandandWales.In1945the numberwas9,767,whichis1,045 morethaninthepreviousyear.

Thenumberin1943was8,722.

Thepeakwasreachedinthe 1930's,whenthereweremorethan 12,000conversionseachyear.

Fourteenofthe18diocesesrecordincreases,smallorlarge.

Biggestincreasewasinthe Liverpooldiocese,wherethefig. ureroseby218to1,069.

Exactlythesamenumberof convertswerereceivedinSouthwark,whosefiguresshowanincreaseof190. 73,000Baptisms.

Otherdioceseswithanincrease of100ormoreareWestminster (984),Leeds(620),andNorthampton(497).

Marriagesincreasedby5,607to 36,553.Children'sbaptismswere upby1,746to73,410.

ThetotalCatholicpopulationof EnglandandWales-admittedly anapproximatefigure-isgiven as2,443,600.

Thereare4,162secularpriests and2,134priestsofreligiousOrdersandCongregations.

Publicchurchesandchapels

OATHBANONMONSIGNOR

TISOWITNESSES.

TheSlovakNationalCourthas refusedtoplaceunderoathany witnesseswhosetestimonyfavoursMonsignorTiso,formerSlovakianPresident,nowbeingtried asawarcriminalinBratislava.

Thisrenderstheirevidencealmostworthlessfromajuridical pointofview.

ThecourtrefusedtoplaceunderoathBishopBuzalka,AuxiliaryinBratislava,thirdmember oftheSlovakHierarchy,totestifyinMonsignorTiso'sfavour.

TheBishopaskedthepresident ofthecourtifhemightshake handswithMgr.Tiso.Therequestwasrefused.

AidedJews.

Cross-examinedontheJewish question,theBishopsaidthat Mgr.Tisohaddoneeverythingin hispowertoresistGermanpressure.

Hehimself,hesaid,hadintercededwithMgr.Tisoonbehalf ofJewsin10separateinstances, eachwithsuccess.

Mgr.Tiso'sformersecretary wasrefusedpermissiontotestify underoathbecausehisstatementswere"devoidofveracity."

Thetwoprelateswhotestified atprevioussessionsareArchbishopKmetkoofNitra,andBishop SkrabikofBanskaBystrica.

Theycausedasensationin courtwhentheyshookhandswith Mgr.Tiso.

"IP+P4VP.......P.

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Roast,expert Itringer,14BoaMarcheArcade.

CardinalJoseCaroRodriguez headstheArchdioceseofSantiago.TherearetwootherArchdioceses,LaSerenaandConcepcion;12suffragansees,twovicariatesApostolic,andonePrefectureApostolic.

ReligiousOrdersofmenmaintain190schoolswith28,553students,62collegeswith19137students,fivetechnicalagricultural schools,andsevenschoolsofarts andcrafts.Religiouscommunitiesofwomenmaintain 195 schoolswith35,676students,89

NOHUMANCRITERIAFOR INSPIRATIONOFBIBLE "Grouper,"Albany:

"Howdoweknowthatthebooks oftheNewTestamentareinspired,fortheremusthave beencountlesswritingspassing roundatthesametime?How canyoutellwhichareinspired andwhicharenot?"

A.:Asyouknow,weCatholics holdthatGodistheprincipal authorofthebookswhichmake upHolyWrit.Hemakesuseof humanauthorstowritethose books,butitisHewhodecides whatistobewritten.How,then, arewetoknowthatoneaccount of,say,thelifeandsayingsof JesusChristhasGodforits authorandanotheraccountisa purelyhumandocument?The humanauthormayassertthat whathewritesdowniswritten downundertheinspiration,but thatmereassertionisnotsufficientwarrant.Thewritermay havebeendeceived,orhemay betryingtohoaxus.Thereis alsothepossibilitythatthe writerisunconsciousofthefact thatwhatheiswritingisinspiredscripture.Hemaynot knowthatGodisusinghimas aninstrument.

ToknowthatGodhaswritten certainbooks,inthesensethat Hehasdecidedwhatthosebooks aretocontainandhasuseda humanauthortoperformthe mechanicaltaskofwritingthe books,weneedarevelationfrom God.Thistruth,thatrevelation isnecessaryinordertoknow thatagivenbookisinspired.is acceptedbyallCatholics.For usthereisnohumantestimony, nohumancriterionsufficiently trustworthytoprovethefactof inspirationortovindicatethe claimofanyparticularbookto suchauniqueprivilege.

Werejectasfalseorinsufficienttheothercriteriawhich havebeenputforward.Tothose whoholdthattheinspirationof theBiblecanbeknownfrom thesublimemajestyofits language,orfromthetruthand harmonyofitsdoctrines,orfrom theexcellenceofitsmoralstandards,wereplythatthesequalitiescanbefoundinotherbooks, andoften,indeed,withgreater easethanincertainpartsofthe Bible.ThefactisthatHolyWrit itselfdoesnotfurnishanysatisfactoryproofofitsowninspiration;wemustseekproofelsewhere.Somewouldclaimthat suchtestimonyisgivenbythe HolyGhost,speakingdirectlyto man'sheart.Wedonotdenythe valueinaparticularcaseofa directcommunicationfromthe HolySpirit,butwecannotsee sucharevelationbeinggivento allmen.Norcanweforgetthat suchacriterionwouldleavetoo muchroomforillusionorhallucination.

DIVINETRADITION

CONVEYEDBYTHECHURCH

Thuswereturntotheonlytrue Criterionofinspiration,acriterionwhichofitsnatureis apableofprovingthefactofinspirationinitstruesense,acriterionwhichappliestoallthe booksoftheHolyScripturesand onlytothem,acriterionwhich holdsgoodforallmenandwhich iseasilyaccessibletoallmen,a criterionwhichgivesuscertainty, thecertaintyofourFaith.The HolySpiritwhoinspiredthe Biblehasrevealedthefactof thatinspirationinDivineTradition.

Thisrevelationisconveyedto usbytheChurch.Shetellsus thatGodhaswrittenthebooks oftheBibleandconfidedthem tohercare,andsheremovesall doubtwhenshegivesthelistof inspiredbookswhichwecallthe CanonofSacredScripture. Themostformaldefinitionof thislistwasgivenbytheCouncilofTrent.AsregardstheNew Testament,whichaloneconcerns ushere,theCouncilnamedfive

historicalbooks(fourGospels andtheActs),twenty-twodidacticbooks(fourteenepistlesof St.PaulandsevenCatholic epistles),andonebook ofprophecy(theApocalypse,or Revelations,astheProtestants callit.)Thisdefinitionistheimmediateruleforus;wecanthus classifyallotherGospels,Acts, EpistlesandApocalypsesas apocryphalornotgenuihe.But wemustrememberthatthe CouncilofTrentmerelydefined whatwascontainedinTradition. Letusexaminebrieflyhowthis revelationabouttheinspired booksoftheNewTestamentwas handeddownfromthetimeof theApostles.

EXCHANGEOFAPOSTOLIC LETTERS

Yousayinyourletter:

"Theremusthavebeencountless writingspassingroundatthe sametime?Howcanwetell whichareinspiredandwhich arenot?"

A.:Yes.Itistruethatthere aremanywritingsofthetime thathavecomedowntous,often stylingthemselvesGospelsand EpistlesbythisorthatApostle ordiscipleofOurLord,but whichwerenotreceivedintothe Canonofinspiredwritings. 1 shalltellyou,therefore,now, howbygradualandsureguidancetheHolySpiritofGod broughttheChurchtoknowthe divinely-inspiredbooksfromthe rest.

WerecalltheconcretecircumstancesinwhichtheN.T. bookswerefirstcirculated.We aresoaccustomedtoseeingthe 27booksoftheN.T.boundtogetherinasinglevolumethat wesometimesforgetthateach ofthesebookshasitsownhistory.Eachbookwasissuedseparatelyandevenwhentheyhad allbeenissued,say,bytheyear 110A.D.,completecollections wouldbecomparativelyfew.Afterall,thewrittenwordcame onlysecondinimportance;the faithcamebyhearing,notby reading.Moreover,thefirstcenturydidnotknowtheartof printing,norofeasyandrapid communication.Themorewerealisethatbookswerescarceand theircirculationslow,thebetter weunderstandthehistoryofthe CanonoftheNewTestament.

St.Paul,forinstance,would writealettertoaparticular churchandaskthemtopassit on.ThisseemsclearfromColossians-iv.16-"Andwhenthis lettershallhavebeenreadwith you,causethatitbereadalso inthechurchoftheLaodiceans; andthatyoureadthatwhichis oftheLaodiceans."Insuchexchangesbetweenneighbouring communitiesofChristianswe canseethebeginningofaNew Testamentcollection.Againfrom themannerinwhichSt.Peter speaksofSt.Paul'slettersitis clearthatatleastapartialcollectionofthemmusthavebeen knowntohisreaders.Hesays: Asalsoourmostdearbrother Paul,accordingtothewisdom giventohim,haswrittento you;asalsoinallhisepistles, speakinginthemofthesethings, inwhicharecertainthingshard tounderstand,whichtheunstable andtheunlearnedwrest,asthey doalsotheotherscriptures,to theirowndestruction."Pet.iii.1516.Wemaynoteinpassingthat St.PeterputsSt.Paul'sletters onthelevelwiththeO.T.and thatheissuesawarningagainst thedangersofincompetentinterpretation.

HOWTHENEWTESTAMENT BOOKSWERECOLLECTED

Itseemsonlyreasonableto believethatthemostimportant Christiancommunitieswouldbe thefirsttopossessacomplete NewTestament.Smallercommunities,especiallyinremote places.mightforsometimehave

butafewofthebooks.The simpleN.T.libraryofanearly Christiancommunitywouldprobablyconsistofcopiesofthe GospelsandofthemoreimportantepistlesofSt.Paul.As timewentonthecollectionwould grow.AnotherepistleofSt.Paul would beacceptedreadily enough,butintheabsenceofa definiteguaranteetheremightbe somehesitationaboutaccepting thewritingsofanApostleless wellknown.Thuswecanunderstandhowaparticularcommunitymightbeslowtoacceptthe EpistleofSt.John.Itisalso clearthatanEpistleofobvious dogmaticimportancewouldfind admissionmorereadilythanone ofamoreprivatecharacter. Andfinallywemustnotethat cautionwouldincreasewhenthe apocryphalwritingscameinto circulation.Theapostolicauthorshiporapprobationofaparticularbooknotbeingalways immediatelyevident,genuine booksmighteasilybequestioned andperhapsevenrejectedbya particularcommunity.

Inparticularsevenbookswere forcedtoawaitdefiniteinclusion intheCanon.TheywereHebrews,James,Jude,2Peter,2 and3John,andApocalypse.We havealreadyseenthatsuch doubtanddiscussionaroseonly inthecaseofbookswhichseemed tolackapostolicauthorshipor apostolicapprobation.Bythe endofthesecondcenturyall ourbooksoftheN.T.weregenerallyknownandtheinspirationof atleasttheprincipalbooksuniversallyacceptedafterconsidered judgmenthadbeenpassed.From thebeginningofthethirdcenturytothemiddleofthefourth centurywasaperiodofexaminationanddiscussionoftheremainingbooks.ifmostofthesehad beenfamiliartocomparatively few,thereasonsareobvious. Somewereverybrief,orofslight dogmaticimportance,andconsequentlywerenotsofrequently quoted.Otherscametobesuspectedforamorepositiverea-on;theywerequotedbyhereticsinsupportoffalsedoctrines. Wecaneasilyunderstandhow hepatronageoftheheretics wouldengenderaprejudice,at leastinaparticularcommunity, eitheragainstabookthatwas likelytobeacceptedoragainst abookthathadalreadybeen acceptedbyall.

UNANIMITYABOUTTHE CANONOFSCRIPTURES

OfthistheApocalypseisan instructiveexample.Uptothe thirdcenturytherewasscarcely asinglevoicetodenythatit wasaninspiredbookwrittenby St.John.Foritsacceptanceat varioustimesbyvarious churchesbothintheEastand intheWestwehaveoverwhelmingevidenceinthewritingsof suchauthoritiesasSt.Justin, St.Irenaeus,St.Hippolytus,ClementofAlexandria,Tertullian andOrigen.Theninthethird centurythetraciitionisstrangely interrupted.Whenthetwentieth chapterwasbeingquotedinsupportoftheMillenarianheresy, St.DenisofAlexandriasought toremovethedifficultybydenyingthatthebookhadbeenwrittenbySt.John,andasthe errorspreadthedenialofJohn's authorshipinevitablybecamea denialofthebook'sinspiration. Itwassometimebeforethe Apocalypseregaineditsposition; eveninthefourthcenturyEusebiusofCaesareawasundecided astowhereheshouldplaceit.

Thefinalperiodinthehistory oftheCanonlastedfromthe middleofthefourthtotheearly partofthefifthcentury.This wastheperiodofgeneralagreement.Thedifficultieswhichparticularchurcheshadfeltatcertainperiodsregardingoneor otherofthebooksnowdisappeared.

.

Misunderstandingsaboutthe pureapostolictraditionhadbeen clearedup;mencouldrealise nowthatnouncanonicalbook hadevenbeenuniversallyacceptedandnocanonicalbook universallysetaside;theycould pointtothegreatnamesofmen likeIrenaeus,ClementofAlexandria,HyppolytusTertullian andOrigen,whomnolocalor particularcircumstanceshad causedtodeviatefromthetrue tradition.Thusbythebeginning ofthefifthcenturyunanimity wasreachedandtheN.T.canon thenreceivedwasthesameas ourcanontoday.Ithadbecome cleartoeveryonethatDivine traditioncontainedtherevelationoftheinspirationofjust thosebookswhichmakeupour NewTestament.

AQUESTIONABOUTTHE LENTENFAST

"Herbert,"Leederville: "Herbert"writestoaskmewhat aCatholicshoulddowhenhe comesacrosscasesofdifferent interpretationsbeinggivenof LawsandRegulationsofthe Church.Hegivestwoexamples;oneregardingtheLentenFastandtheotherthe Fastfrommidnightbefore Holy('ommunion.Hewrites: "Willyoukindlyexplainwhat weshoulddoinsuchcircumstancesandalsoclarifythetwo casesIhavementioned."

A.:Thereissuchathingas therecognizedinterpretationof LawsandRegulationsofthe CatholicChurch:thisisthecommonconsentofthewell-known canonistsandmoraltheologians withregardtosomepointoflaw. Sometimes,however,whenyou mayfindoneormoreofthese authoritativetheologiansex-

1

44;

pressingaviewdifferentfrom therest,thereisestablisheda probableopinionforthisview, andsoonemayfollowit.Thus whenyouaregivendifferentinterpretationsofapracticalpoint, youmayfollowwhicheveryou choose-thestricterorthemore lenientinterpretation.

Inthequestionyouaskabout theLentenFastyousay: "Somemaintainthatmilktaken betweenmealsbreaksthefast andotherscontradictthis."

A.:Well,hereistheaccepted viewonthispoint.Todrinka glassofmilkbetweenmeals wouldbreakthestrictLenten Fast;buttotakealittlemilkin acupofteabetweenmealswould notbreakthefast.

Yourseconddifficultyabout theFastfrommidnightbefore HolyCommunionyoustateas follows:

TIMEELEMENTINTHE EUCHARISTICFAST

"Somesayweareallowed10 minutes'graceaftermidnight; others20minutes;andothers allownograceatall."

A.:Thisisveryeasilysolved, becausethereisadefiniteruling givenintheCodeofCanonLaw itselfregardingit.

InCanon33itislaiddown: "Incomputingthetimeofthe day,thecommonlocalcustomis tobefollowed;butintheprivate

(ContinuedonPage15.)

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By FrancisGilbert

RedFascistsBidFor Youth

Itwasironicalthatthetwo ships,theAsturiasandtheJohan deWitt,shouldhavebeenatFremantleatthesametime.For theJohandeWitthadonboard, moreorlessasaprisoner,the Geramnnavalofficer,Lerch,who hasreceivedhostilepressnotices. TherewereFascistsalsoonthe Asturias,buttheywerenotunder detention.Theywereinfact fetedupontheirarrival.They representedtheadvancesection oftheEurekaYouthLeague's delegationtotheworldyouthfestivalsponsoredbytheWorldFederationofDemocraticYouth,to beheldatPraguefromJulyto August.ThefactthattheEurekaYouthLeagueistheunofficialstampinggroundforCommunistyoungthingsitselfsurroundsthePraguefestivalwith suspicion,themoresoasoneof theirmembersholdsanexecutive positionoftheW.F.D.Y.inParis.

Wearepleasedtonotethatthe membersoftheEurekaYouth Leagueareatleastsailingunder theirowncoloursonthisoccasion.Foronthelastoccasion theypurportedtohavebeensent bytheInternationalYouthCommitteeasrepresentativesofAustralianYouth.Thisimpudent shamwasexposedbytheYoung ChristianWorkers'Movement, anditwasshownthattherepresentativesoftheI.Y.C.didnot standfor5percent.oftheyouth ofAustralia.However,they succeededinobtainingfinancial assistancefromseveralCommunist-controlledUnions.TheInternationalYouthCommitteewas aCommunistauxiliarywhichfortunatelyfadedfromthescene afteraconferenceinNewYork whenthePresidentwastoldby thelatePresidentRooseveltto gohomeandgrowup.

ThePraguefestivalisbeing verycarefullycamouflagad,and theclosestperusalofitspro. grammerevealsnothingthatis openlyMarxist.Thenaturalis. tic,co-educationalapproachis,of course,preserved,butthatisnot exclusivetoCommunism.There

aretobetalksonthelifeof thetyrantofYugoslavia,Tito, anddelegatesaretopartakein thereconstructionofLidice,the destructionofwhichtheReds havesucceededinsettingupas asymbolofFascistbrutality.To thoseofuswhorememberhow theworldpresswasgulledby RedpropagandaoverGuernicain theSpanishWar,Lidicewill neverobliteratethememoryof theRedtreacheryinWarsaw. AndiftheCommunistweresincerelylookingforastarkreminderofthesavageryoftotalitarianism,theywouldfindit morereadilyandnakedlyinPolandthaninanycountryofthe world,withthepossibleexceptionofRussia.

TheCommunistbidtocapture theyouthoftheworldisoneof themosthorribleaspectsofthe wholeMarxistcampaign.Their methodsareunmistakable-firstlytobreakdownChristiancoaceptsofmorality,andthenChristianbelief.Politicallytheyaim tcinspireyoungpeoplewithdefeatismandaphoneypacificism intheeventofhostilitiesbetween AlliesandtheSovietUnion.

Itisnotenoughtokeepchildren outofthecleverlyconcealedRed youthauxiliaries.ItisthepositivedutyofCatholicparentsto doeverythingintheirpowerto seethatourCatholicyouthorganisationsgrowquicklytolarge andsolidproportions.

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Impracticabilityof PurelySpiritual Religion

ProfessorMurdoch'sprofession ofattachmenttoa"religionof thespirit"deservesmoreattentionthatIcoulddevotetoitlast week.HereIproposetoshow theimpracticabilityofanentirelyspiritualreligion.

Astrangeandstrongdelusion, matterenoughinitseffectsfora wholehistory,hasprevailedin Englandsincethesixteenthcentury,asthoughspiritualreligion,

orthereligionoftheheart,were tobesecuredbytheabolitionof externalsymbolsandpracticesof religion.Spiritualreligionis indeedtosalvationwhatoxygen istolife,theverybreathofour nostrils.Ofallexternalthings oxygenisthemostnecessaryto theanimalbody.Ananimalcan livealongtimewithoutfood; butcutofffromthebloodthe supplyofoxygen,andtheanimal willdieofasphyxiainafew minutes.Youwouldthink,therefore,thatthemoreoxygenin theair,thebetter;butnature hasarrangeditotherwise;she mixestheairforusintheproportionofonevolumeofoxygen tofourofnitrogen.Norcanwe improveuponthemixture.An animaldiesinanatmosphereof pureoxygenassurelyasinone ofpurenitrogen.Andapurely spiritualreligionisfoundinpracticeasdeadlytoman'ssoulas areligionofmereexternalrites.

TheReformationinEngland waswroughtunderpretextof makingreligionspiritual.There wasbreakingofimages,overturningofaltars,mutilationof ritual,abolitionofpiouscustoms. Stillwecannotpretendthatthat bugbearoftheLowChurchman andtheDissenter,areligionof outwardobservances,voidofinwardspirit,isaphantomofthe imagination,andnotarealevil everobservedinhumansociety.

OurLordquotesfromIsaiasthe text:"Thispeoplehonourethme withtheirlips,buttheirheart isfarfromme."OurLord foundamongtheJewsofHis daythisviciousstateofthings, andoftenreferredtoit.The ProphetsIsaiasandJeremias founditalsointheirgeneration.

ThenameofthisviceisFormalism.

werecalled,wastoinfusenew spiritintotheformsofreligion. Theformswerepreserved,but theybecamelivingwherethey hadbeendeadbefore,ormoreactivewheretheyhadbeenliving. Thereisnooppositionbetween feelingandtheembodimentof feelingingesture,norbetween religionoftheheartandoutwardformsofreligion.Itwill besaidthatoutwardforms shouldbespontaneousandimpromptu,notconventional.But conventionalexpressionsarewell inkeepingwithandevenfurther thesentimentoftheheart.Thus militarymusic,allstudiedand composedbeforehand,isanaidto militaryspirit;andthesame holdsofsacredmusicandthereligiousspirit.Further,theseoutwardformsarenotpurelyconventional.Iftheyarewhatthey, shouldbe,theyarethecultivatedlanguageoftheheart.

Settingthesupernaturalorder uponthebasisofthenatural,it wasappropriateforGodtoselect certainmaterialagencies,as waterandoil,andthespoken wordsofman,tobechannelsof Hisgiftsofgrace.Suchare thesacramentsoftheChurch, outwardformsessentialtoChristianity.Goddealswithus throughthesematerialagencies; wedealwithHimbysensible andmaterialexpressionsofour devotion,notmerelybytheinwardlanguageoftheheart.

Therearetwothingsinasacrament,theinwardgraceandthe outwardrite.Theinwardgrace, asremissionofsinsandincrease ofsupernaturallifeandunion withGod,belongstospiritualreligion;withoutit,theoutward riteisabareandbarrenform. Theoutwardriteisthetokenof acovenantbetweenheavenand earth;itpreachesGod'swordto therecipientofthesacrament andtothefaithfulwhowitnessit andlookon.Thisiswhythe greatestofthesacraments,the BlessedSacramentoftheAltar, isnotgivenusonlytobereceivedinHolyCommunion, thoughthatheitsultimateand Principalpurposeasasacrament, hutalsotobecarriedaboutin processionandgazeduponatthe ElevationandinBenediction.

Theworship,whereoftheIncarnateGodisthecentre,cannot possiblybeamereobject;itmust payavisiblehomagetoavisible Deity.Thenotionofapurely spiritualreligionistheveriest heresy;itisthesubversionofthe IncarnationandofChristianity. Theoutcomeandextensionofthe IncarnationisthevisibleChurch, Messiah'sKingdominthisworld, thoughnotofthisworld-the templeconsecratedfortheexerciseofChrist'spriesthood throughHishumanministers,accordingtoasacrificialandsacramentalritual,ofwhichtheessentiallinesareofHisdesigning.

Formalismisthemultiplication ofoutwardritesandimagesof religion,totheneglectofcharity andjustice,mercyandpurity, andthefearoftheLord.Itis likelytohaveplacewhereever theChurchiswealthy,powerful, supportedbytheseculararm, abovethecompetitionofrivals: wherethecareerofanecclesiasticisfashionable,lucrative,and notverylaborious.Formalism foundplaceatConstantinoplein thedaysoftheGreekEmpire,at ParisunderLouisXIV.,onItaly inthefifteenthcentury.Not thatallwereformalistsinthose timesandplaces,farfromit;but theformalistwasfrequentlyto beseenthere-themanwhohonouredGodwithhislips,with manyreligiousobservances,as thefashionofthetimerequired, whilehisheartwasfarfrom God'slawandGod'slove.

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IntheagewhentheReformers werecombatingFormalismby iconoclasm,amanroseupwith foughtagainstitwithverydifferentweapons-St.Ignatius I.oyola.lietookmenasidefrom thepressoflifeforafew(lays, andtaughttheminthattime suchexercisesasrecitingthe Church'sprayersslowly,pausing forreflectionbetweeneachword; andagain,meditationonthe meaningofhumanlifeandman's destiny;aplanoflayingoutlife methodically,andself-examinationtowatchthecarryingout oftheplan;andcertainsystematicstudiesoflifeofOurLord inviewofrealisingeachscene vividlyasthoughthepersoncontemplatinghadbeenhimselfpresentthereat.Theeffectofthese "SpiritualExercises,"asthey

anofficialpositioninaninstitutionwhosefundamentaltenetshe hasbeentryingforyearstoundermine.

Intellectually,theBishopis verysmallbeerinthecomparats ivescaleofheretics.Calvinism mayhavebeenahead-achefor theChristianfaith,buttheBar, nesianheresyisonlyapainin theneck.TodotheBishopjustice,thewholeofhisargumentationisnotquotedinthepress, butweknowthegeneralline,for hehasbeenatitforyearsand hasonlyafeebleversionofModernismtooffer.

Thereisnottheslightestneed toenterintothreeoftheissues raisedbyBishopBarnes,forif OurLorddidnotrisefromthe (leadthewholeedificeofthe ChristianFaithcomescrashing tothegroundinirreparableruin. ItwouldmeanthatChristianity isno dependinglongertheuniquereligion onthepersonalrevelationofGodtomanthroughHis ownSon,butsimplyanothersect basingaseriesofguessesabout thepurposeoflife,itsorigin,and itsdestinyupontheopinionsof anobscureJewishcarpenterwho knewonebriefcrowdedhourof localfame.Ifthiswerethe casethen,indeed,wouldourreligionandourpreachingbevain.

ButthefactsarequiteotherwiseandtheBishopoffirming hammustfeellonelyindeedat thistime,asthewholeChristian world-Catholic,non-Catholic, schismaticsandevenhereticspreparestocelebratethehistoricalfactofChrist'sResurrectionfromthedead.TheBishop islikethemanwhothinksheis Napoleon;heisinaslightminority.TheBishopofBirming- hamis,however,toopathetica figuretobetreatedhumorously, evenifheisregardedasajoke intheChurchofEngland.Inan agewhichhasalmostlostall grasponreligion,itistoobad thatamanwithhisviewscanoccupyabishopric.IftheChurch ofEnglandcannotdisciplinehim itmaybetheendofwhatspiritualinfluenceitstillradiates. Andwhere,ohwhere,areourold fashionedProtestantfriendswho were Popishrecentlyprotestingagainst practices?Havethey nothingtosayagainsttheriseof Arianismwithintheirranks?It wouldseemthattheEstablished Churchisinthedevil'sown mess.Iftheyhaveacorpusof doctrinetheyareseeminglyunabletoimposeit.Butfew,anyway,couldclaimthattheyteach thewholegamutofthetruthsrevealedbyChrist.Wherecan thepathofreligiouscompromise endbutindoubtanddenial?It isasadbusinessforitinflictsyet anotherhurtuponthecauseof religionalreadysorelypressed.

Asthereareaccidentsto everycreatedsubstance,soabout thesimpleriteswhichChrist Himselfinstituted.therehas gatheredagreatbodyofritesinstitutedbytheChurch,and guardedbytheRomanCongregationofRites;andbeyondthem again,asaccidentsmoreseparablestill,arethedevotionsof privatepersons,objectsandpracticeswhichembodymoreorless felicitouslythemmdofChrist andofHisChurchinreligious worship.Itisthetendencyof personsofearnestpietytomultiplytheseobjectsandpractices; butsomesoulsarehelpedby themmorethanothers.Yousee moreofthemasyouwalkround inoneCatholicchurchthanin another.Onthewhole,Catholicpietyisdecidedlyfavourable totheirmultplication,butthey arethingsofchoiceanddevotion,notofduty.

TheMinorityof BishopBarnes

AsonethinksoftheEmperor Hirohitoexamining(asweare toldheisdoing)thecredentials ofChristianity,onewonders whathisreactionswouldbeto readinthedailypressthata ChristianBishop(BishopBarnes, ofBirmingham)hasdeniedina recentbookthevalidityofthe Virginbirth,Christ'sResurrection,Hismiracles,andtheusefulnessofinfantbaptism.Whateverhemightthinkofthedoctrinalissuesinvolved,hemust certainlywonderhowsuchaman cangoonacceptingasalaryfor

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R.C.q.11/.BasIdealVuthhostelin Marian Lodge

Retreats Socia Week-Endsin theHills

TheopeningofMarianLodge inMay,1946,markedanimportantstepforwardintheworkof theNationalCatholicGirls' Movemeint.Itgreatlywidened theleaders'fieldofinfluenceand provedthatthegirlswere reallyinearnestandpreparedto tacklebigthingstobringsuccess totheirwork.

Itisofgreatadvantaggeto anymovementtohaveatitsdis-

ItistheworkoftheCatholic ActionMovementsofto-dayto provetoyouthallovertheworld notonlythatafullandhappy lifeiscompatiblewiththeteachingoftheChurch,butthatindeedbysolivingtheywillget theverymostfromlife.

THELODGE

TheN.C.G.M.isfortunatein possessinganassetsuchas "MarianLodge."Thehouseitself

forseveralacres,consisting mainlyofvirginbushland.

THECHAPEL

Offirstimportanceisthe Chapel.

Itisonlysmall,butitscreamcurtainedwindowsandbluealtardrapingsandcanopycombinetomakeitacharminglittle chapelofwhichthegirlsare justlyproud.

DaringRetreats,andduring Socialweek-endswheneverpossible,theChapelisusedforthe celebrationofHolyMassandfor Benediction.DuringtheRetreats ofcourse,italsoservesforthe Conferencesandspiritualexercises.

ACCOMODATION

ThecentralpartoftheLodge comprisingthelounge,dining roomandkitchenisalmostsurroundedbyverandahs,sleepoutsandbedroomsmakeupthe remainderofthehouse.Aspecialfeatureinthesleepingaccommodationisthedouble-decker (Americanstyle)woodenbeds,

whichhaveattainedgreatpopularityamongtheguests.

Theloungeisaveryspacious oblongroomopeningintoaglasswindowedsun-porch.Ithasa largebrickopenfire-placeat oneendandistastefullyfurnishedandprovidedwithapiano andwirelesstomakeitthesocial centreoftheLodge.

RETREATS

MarianLodgeisprimarilya RetreatHousefortheMovement. AlreadyithasbeenusedextensivelyforthispurposebymembersoftheMovement.Perhaps thebestsignofthesuccess oftheseretreatsisthenumber ofgirlswhohavecomenotonce hutmanytimestohearthedoctrinesoftheChurchexplained inthemannermostsuitedto theirpracticeineverydaylife.

EverybranchoftheN.C.G.M. isfreetoarrangeRetreatsfor itsgirlsatanytime.TheMovementisdeeplygratefultothe JesuitFatherswhohaverecently conductedtheseretreatson severaloccasions.

SOCIALS

Aswesaidbefore,thepurpose oftheMovementistoteachits memberstopray,workandrecreateasCatholics.Socialsideendsthenarenotjustasidelinebutamostimportantfactor inthedevelopmentoftheMovementasawhole.Arrangements forsocialweek-endsaremade throughtheMarianLodgeCornmitteewhichisresponsibleto theExecutiveoftheMovement.

Holidays:

MEMBERSANDGUESTS

TheLodgehasapermanent Hostess,MissBettyBracken, whomanagesthehousehold affairsandseestothoseonholidays.Allgirlsandladieswho arenotmembersarewelcometo bookinforholidays.Women's Retreatsorweek-ends. organizationsmayarrange

TheLodgeiswellequipped withmodernconveniences,thus ensuringthatguestswillenjoy amaximumofcomfort.

Alltariffratesareverymoderateandenquiriescanbemade attheN.C.G.M.Headquarters, 81St.George'sTerrace,Perth.

posalaplacewherememberscan meetovertheweek-end,todiscussthebusinessdetailsandgeneralmanagementoftheiraffairs andtoholdsocialfunctions.

Nowadaysparticularly,when therearesomanycolmterattractions,aMovementseeking toexertaninfluenceoverthe everydaylifeofitsmembers mustbeabletoofferallsporting andrecreationalfacilitiesaffordedbyasecularclub,and,at thesametime,convincethemof thevalueofthetrueChristian spirit.

isidealasayouthcentreandis wellfittedtoaccomodateupto thirtyguests.Everythingabout itreflectstheearnestenthusiasmofthememberstohave theirhousejustrightwitheverythingaboutitwelldone.

Beautifullysituatedinthe hills,theLodgehasthedistinct advantageofbeingontheregularbus-routetoKalamunda.A graveldriveleadsuptothe house,alongcreambuilding, surroundedbytreesandstanding wellbackfromtheroad.Behind theLodgethepropertyextends

RemarkableCareerofLornaSydney

AWestraliansinger,nowacclaimedinEurope.

TheearlylivesoftheAustrali.inpianist,EileenJoyce,and thehomecomingAustralianoper'lcsinger,LornaSydney,run almostparallel.

BothwerebornontheWest Australiangoldfields,andboth attendedtheLoretoConventat Swanbourne,Perth.WhenEileen JoyceappearedinPerthonher A.B.C.tourin1936,LornaSydney(thenLornaSydney-Smith) washerassociateartist.

Beforegoingwithherfamily toPerth,LornaSydneywaseducatedbytheSistersofSt.John ofGod.

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489WellingtonSt.,Perth. FishandPoultrySupplies. WholesaleandRetail. Phone:B5992,CityDeliveries. CountryTrdersCateredFor.

Asyoungstudents,Eileenand Lornabothimpressedcelebrated visitingartists-inEileenJoyce's casetheywereBackhausand PercyGrainger,andinLorna Sydney'sitwasthesinger,Lotte Lehmann-andwereurgedby theseartiststogoabroad.Perth music-loversraisedsubscription fundsforeachgirltogotoEurope.

Fromthatpointtheirpathsdiverged.EileenJoyce,afterstudy inLeipzigunderLeschetitzky, wenttoLondontomakeherca. reer.LornaSydneyremained inViennatobecomerecognised asoneofthegreatestsingerson theContinentto-day.Sheisnow principalmezzo-sopranoatthe ViennaStateOpera,whichhas grantedherleavebetweenseasonstomakeherpresenttour.

LornaSydney'sparentsare bothmusical,andduringthe yearstheyspentonthegoldfields theywereactivelyassociated withmusicalsocieties.Herfather conductedtheLiedertaffel,choral

andoperaticsocieties.Whenhe tookhisfamilytoPerthhebecametheconductorofSt.Mary's CathedralChoir,andhiswifewas appointedsopranosoloist.

WhentheirdaughterLornafinishedschool,shestudiedsinging underthelateCountFillipini, withwhomshemadeheroperatic debutas"Nedda"in"Pagliacci," andSantuzzain"CavalleriaRusticana."Shelaterstudiedunder GertrudeHutton,who,onLotte Lehmann'sadvice,accompanied LornatoViennain1937.

FortwoyearsLornaSydney lostherselfinthemusicalatmosphereofVienna.

"Themusicalheavenseemed opentome,"shewroterecently tofriendsinAustralia."Iwas fullofconfidence,livedonlyfor mymusic,andtooknonoteof thegatheringwarclouds.On September1,1939,Isetoutwith agroupofEnglishpeoplewho intendedtogobybusfromViennatothenearbyfrontierof neutralHungary.Whenwe reachedthefrontiermycompanionswereallowedtocross, butIwasarrestedandtaken backtoVienna.Iwaswithout ahomeorclothes,forallmylug-

gagehadalreadydisappearedon thewayfromBerlintoVienna; fortunatelyfriendstookmein andtriedtosavemefromfurther internment."

Inall,LornaSydneywasarrestedandimprisonedsixtimes onvaryingcharges,andendured terrifyingordealsandindignities atthehandsoftheGestapo.All herappealstobeallowedtoleave Viennaweredismissed. Whenthewarendellshewas invitedtostarin"Carmen"at theViennaStateOpera,now freedoftheNazimonepoly.It wasindeedamemorabledebut; theAustralian-bornprimadonna receivedanovationthatlasted 25minutes,duringwhichshe took31curtaincalls.Amongher otheroperatictriumphshavebeen partsin"Orpheus,"'TheFlying Dutchman,""Tannhauser,""Bal Masque,""Aida,""Rosenkavalier,""Rigoletto,"and"Tosca." Atconcertsshehassungunder Furtwangler,Schneevoight,Mengelberg,andotherfamousconductors. Sheisacknowledgedtopossess oneofthemostbeautifulvoices inEuropeandisrecognisedasa musicalornamentofVienna.

AnnouncingtheAustraliantour ofLornaSydney,theGeneral ManageroftheA.B.C.(Mr.CharlesMoses)saidthathehadreceivedaboutherachievementsthe mostenthusiasticreportsfrom LotteLehmann,whodescribed heras"Alovelyyoungsinger whoisnowareallygreatand importantartist."

"Duetothewar,LornaSydney'scareerhasbeenlimitedgeographicallytotheContinent,but recentlyshehashadmanyAmericanoffers,"saidMr.Moses.

"MadameLehmannwishesherto gototheUnitedStates,where sheherselfisdomiciled,butthe Australiansingerwasnaturally keentovisitherhomelandfirst.'

LornaSydneywillbesoloist withtheSydneySymphonyOrchestraconductedbyProfessor Heinzeattheopeningconcertof the1947CelebrityOrchestraseasononThursday,April10,atthe SydneyTownHall.TheconcertwillberepeatedonApril11 and14.

LornaSydneywillbeheard withthePerthSymphonyOrchestraonSaturday,June1,withthe Continentalconductor,Rafeal Kubelik.

RemarkableStoryofDevotion

toandfromOurLady

Fr.PatrickPeyton,theEft.4 in.Irishex-minerwhohasset outtobringtheworldtoitsfeet withthehelpofHollywood, lookslikeamischievous,overgrownaltarboy.Yetafewyears agohewasdyingoftuberculosis. ThatwasatNotreDameUniversityinIndiana,wherehewn: studyingforthepriesthood.

Hewasinanadvancedcondition,coughingblood.Sinceitwas impossibletocollapsethelung, itwasdecidedtoremovepart ofhisribs.

Anoldpriestvisitedhimin hospital."Whydon'tyouask "OurLadytocureyou?"hesuggested.

"Ihave,"saidFr.Peyton,"and Ithinkthisoperationisher wayofdoingit."

"Nonsense!"saidtheold priest."Shecandobetterthan breakingyourbacktocureyou. She'sawoman,andshelikesto betalkedto.Talktoher,man; talktoher!"

Fr.Peytontalkedtoherthat night.

NOSIGN

Afewdayslaterhewasout ofbedaskingthatnewX-ray photographsbetaken.

Thedoctorssaidnonsense,too. Justlookathim anyone couldseeTBwithoutphotographs. Theysmiled.Have theoperation,theysaid.

Fr.Peytoninsistedthathe wascured.Hewenttoanother doctor.X-rayfilmsweremade. Therewasnosignoftuberculosis.

Fr.Peytonthoughtheshould dosomethingforOurLadyin return.Hevowedhewoulddedicatehislifetotheenormous taskofbringing10,000,000Americanfamiliestogethertorecite therosaryeveryday.

Sincethentherehasalways beensomethinglikeamiracle takingFr.Peytonbythehand. HissuperiorsintheCongregationoftheHolyCrosssent himtoAlbany,NewYork,where hebegantheFamilyRosary Crusade.To-dayhehastwomore priestshelpinghim.Themailis vast.

Onenightintheearlydays hepickedupthetelephoneand askedtheoperatortogetBing CrosbyinHollywood.Heneeded aradiopersonalityforthisvast ioh.

Hollywood'sNo.1manlifted thereceiver.

"ThisisFr.Peyton,"heheard, "apriestofthedioceseofAlbany.Iwantyoutodosomething forOurLady. ."

Bingwasbusymaking"The BellsofSt.Mary's."bthesaid itwouldbeanhonourftoappear insuchaprogramme.

Fr.Peytonwanted,too,toget CardinalSpellman,NewYork's Archbishop.LikeMr.Crosby, theCardinalisaverybusyman. Fr.Peytondecidedtowaitand pray.

The'phonerangatAlbany sometimelater.ItwasCardinal Spellman-offeringhisservices voluntarily.

Youknowtherestofthatpart ofthestory.Itmadethefront rageofthe"Universe"oneweek in1945.ItwasasensationinAmerica.TheFamilyRosaryCrusadewasonitsway.

ButFatherPeytonstillhada greattask.HewantedallAmericaonitsknees,andthenthe world.

ItmeantatriptoHollywood. AsOurLady'ssalesmanhe wouldselltheideaoffamily prayertotheworld'smostglamourouspeople.Popularopinion wassavingthatfamilyprayer wasoldfashionedandoutof date. Mysteryall.

FatherPeytonpromisedOur Ladythatnoonewouldeverbe abletocallherfamilyprayer oldfashioned.

Anunwalkedintohisoffice. "Father,"shesaid,"we'vegot thosereservationsforyou."

"Whatreservations?" "ToLosAngeles,"saidthenun. "Didn'tyoutelephoneourMother Superiorandaskhertogetthem foryou?"

FatherPeytonshookhishead. TheMotherSuperiorhadreceivedacallfromsomeonesayinghe wasFatherPeyton.Shedid notknowFatherPeyton...

Itwasverypuzzling,butthe Sisterssaid:"FatherPeytonis neededinLosAngeles.Wemust getthereservations."

Itwaswar-time,withallits difficulties,whentravelinvolving thousandsofmileswasnoteasy. Thenunsfixeditup,andFather PeytonsteppedoffatraininLos Angeles-butwithoutanyidea wheretogo.

Hesaidaprayer,calledataxi. "Takemetothenearestchurch," hetoldthedriver.

Thedriverdidnotcarryout theorderexactly.Hepassed orechurch,stoppedatanother.

InsideFatherPeytonkneltand prayed.Apriestjoinedhim andtogethertheywentoutside andtalked.

SoonFatherPeytonwaspreach- ingthere-achurchwhichfilm starsfrequent.

AfterMasshewouldwaitin 'hesacristy,andthestarswould visithim-DonAmeche,LouCostello,CharlesBoyer,Maureen O'Sullivan,JoanLeslie,littleMargaretO'Brien.

Theyflockedintosignhiscontractfortheradioprogramme whichbeganinFebruaryonmore than300Americanradiostations, andwhichBritishlistenerswere abletohearbroadcastfromthe Stuttgarttransmitter.

ThenSinatra

Thosewhosignedwentoutand toldtheirfriends.JamesGleason,anotedCatholic,toldFrank Sinatra.Sinatrasaid:"Iwish Icouldgetonthatprogramme." Aconaractwasposted.He signedthenextday.

AlongcamemoreCatholics: RuthHussey,RoddvMcDowall, LloydNolan,DickHayrnes.June Haver,JeanneCrain,JackHaley, EdwardandWilliamCare-an, CesarRomero,andWilliamBendix,whowasthenunderinstruc Lionforhisreceptionintothe Church.

Thennon-Catholicscamealong-GregoryPeck,ShirelyTemple. GaryCooper,IngridBergman.

"It'samiracle,"saidaHollywoodfilmproducer.

Andwhy?Thesestarsturn downoffersworththousands.For FatherPeytontheyareappearingfornothing andunder contract.

Thebestscriptmencamein, themusicians,producersandthe rest.PedrodeCordoba,who wasin"TheSongofBernadette," turnedBroadwaydownfor FatherPeyton.Everyevening heandhiswifeandsixchildren kneeltosaytheFamilyRosary.

"TherearesaintsinHollywood,"saysFatherPeyton, "greatsaints.Famousmenand womenwhonevermisstherosary,nevermissdailyMassand Communion.

FatherPeytonknewmuchof theFamilyRosary.Inthepoor PeytonhomeinIrelandthe father,motherandninechildren knelttogethereveryeveningafter supper.Iftherewerevisitors theyknelttoo.

PatrickPeytonworkedinthe fields,andfeltthepriesthood wasnotforhim.Hecrossedto Americatoseelife,andjoined histwosistersinaPennysylvaniaminingcity.

Thetawdryglitterofmain streetattractedhim.Heturned downajobatthecathedralfor themines.

Butwithoutknowingtherea son,helaterfoundhimselfin thatcathedraljob,andlaterstill

studyingforthepriesthood.His

brothertookthecathedraljob, thenfollowedhimtoaseminary. Theydidnotknowuntilsome timeafterwardsthattheirmother offeredherlifetoGodthatthey mightbecomepriests.

OrdainedTogether.

Shediedalmostonthedayof theirordination.The'brothers wereordainedtogether,Patriok receivingadispensationtobe or damnedwithhisbrother,although hewasayearbehindowingto hisillness.

HeaskedOurLadytogetthe dispensation.

Heisstillshowinghowgratefulheis,andwithgreatresults.

AccordingtoanAmerican paper,theDukeandDuchessof NorfolkinstitutedtheFamily RosaryintheirhomeafterbecominginterestedinFatherPey- ton'swork.

OnarecenttriptoIrelandhe sawMr.DeValera,whopromisedtoappearintherosaryprogramme. FatherPatrickPeytonsentout hisfirstRosaryCrusadeletteron July2,1942,withaborrowed stamp.Nowheisreachingout fortheworld.

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1102HAYSTREET

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES.

edthatinmostStatesfunds wouldnotbeavailableforreligiousschools.

OPINIONAROUSED

AmericanMovesforFinancialAidtoNon-PublicSchools ThreeMeasuresAimedat DemocratisingEducation ThePrivateSchoolaBulwark AgainstDictatorship

AtthepresenttimenofewertitanthreeBillsarebeforethe UnitedStatesCongresssupportinginvariouswaystheprinciple thatnon-publicschoolsshouldreceivesomesupportfromGovernmentfunds.TwowereintroducedwithinaweekofoneanotherduringJanuary.BehindtheBillsliesagrowingrealisation intheStatesthatthedemocraticStateshouldfindawayto giveparentswhochosetosendtheirchildrentonon-publicschools somereturnfortheirtaxation.Whatishappeningontheother sideofthePacifichasagreatdealofrelevancyforAustralians. Thisarticleshowsseveralapproachestowhatisadmittedlya complicatedquestion.Australiacanlearnmuchfromtheideas containedmtheBills.ItshouldalsogivetothisquestionsomethingliketheattentionitisreceivingintheUnitedStates. CatholicsshouldbethefirsttostudyAmericantrends.

AmongtheBillsintroducedin theopeningsessionsofthe80th CongressoftheUnitedStates duringJanuarywasameasure submittedbyRepresentative RichardWelch,ofCalifornia,"to assistinreducingtheinequalities ofeducationalopportunitiesin elementaryand secondary schools"authorisingFederal fundsforbothpublicandprivate schools.

TheWelchBillauthorisesan appropriationof£48000,000 Aust.(approx.)initially,rising to£78,000,000(Aust.)in1961, andinmanyfeaturesissimilar tothecontroversialThomasHill-TaftBillconsideredbythe 79thCongress.IthasbeenreferredtotheHouseCommittee onEducationandLaborforpublichearings.

MAINPOINTS

IncomparingtheWelchproposal,H.R.156,withtheThomasHill-TaftBill,previouslyplaced beforeCongress,thefollowing pointsofsimilaritystandout:

(1)Federalcontrolofthe selectionofteachersandofthe schoolcurriculumisexplicitly prohibited.

(2)Thefundsareavailable onlytothe33Statesinneedof Federalassistanceforthemaintenanceofminimumeducational standards.

(3)TheformulaforallocatingthefundsamongtheStatescorrelateschildpopulation,Statewideaverageincome,andtax expendituresforpublicschools.

(4)StatesarerequiredtodevelopplansforState-wideequalisation,sothatwithinfouryears afterenactmentofthelaw £12/107ayearwillbespentby localschooljurisdictionsfor everyschoolchild.

(6)Absoluteequityforminorityracialgroupsisguaranteed.

TheWelchBilldiffersradically fromtheThomas-Hill-TaftmeaRandolphKnapp

(W.A.O.A.)

FREMANTLE-L1512.

sureinitsprovisionfornonpublicschools.TheThomas-HillTaftmeasurewouldhaveprohibitedtheStatefromgranting tonon-publicschoolsanyportion ofitsFederalallotment,unless itexpendedacorresponding amountofStateandlocalfunds forthesamepurpose.Because mostStatesareforbiddentouse Statefundsinaidofnon-public schools,thisprovision,ineffect, wouldeliminate non-public schoolsasrecipientsofFederal grants.

TheWelchBillrespectsStates' rightsbygivingtheStatea choiceoftwoplansforgranting Federalfundstonon-public schools

(1)AStatemaydistributethe Federalfundsdirectlytononpublicschoolsinneedofassistance.Theseschoolswouldbeexpectedtomakeanannualexpenditureofnotlessthan £42/10/perchildinaverage dailyattendance.

(2)AStatemayallowthe FederalGovernmenttowithholdaproratamountofits allotmentfordirectdistribution tonon-publicschoolsbytheU.S. CommissionerofEducationwho, accordingtothelaw,"shalldisbursethefundssowithheld forthesamepurposesandsubjecttodisbursementtothe schoolswithintheStatebythe Stateeducationalagency."

TheWelchBillhasincorporatedproposalsmadeduringthe lastsessionofCongressbySenatorsMurray,Walsh,Aikenand Morseasamendmentstothe Thomas-Hill-Taftmeasure.This bi-partisangrouprecommended thatFederalfundsbemade availableforallAmerican schoolsinneedofFederalaid asameansforreducinginequalitiesofeducationalopportunity.

SCHOOLLUNCHES

H.R.156alsoallowstheprecedentestablishedintheNational SchoolLunchAct,whichexplicitlyprovidesfortheparticipationofnon-publicschoolsin theFederalsubsidisedSchool Lunch StatesProgramme.Twenty arenowdistributingFederalschoollunchfundsdirectly tonon-publicschools;inthe otherStatestheDepartmentof Agriculturewithholdsaprorata portionoftheState'sallotment fordirectdistributiontononpublicschools.Approximately halfamillionnon-publicschool childrenareparticipatinginthe schoollunchprogramme.

AweekaftertheWelchBill appeared,anotherBillonthe samesubjectwasintroducedinto Congress.

senatorGeorgeD.Aiken, Vermont,introducedaBillauthorisinga£18,000,000(Aust.) Federalgranttohelpnon-publicschoolsfinancetheiressential schoolservicessuchas"necessarytransportation,non-religiousinstructionalsuppliesandbooks. healthexaminationsandser- vices."Allnon-publicschoolsexemptfromincometaxare eligible.

Itisproposedthatthefunds bedistributedamongtheStates inproportiontothenon-public schoolenrolmentsandbedisbursedthroughtheStatetreas-

urers.InthoseStatesinwhich theStateEducationalAuthority isnotpermittedbylawtopay thefundstonon-publicschools, theCommissioneroftheU.S. OfficeofEducationwillassume thisresponsibility.

COSTSHARED

TheBillrequiresnon-public schoolstobearatleast90per cent.ofthecostofservicesfor whichFederalfundsareused, andtosubmittoaninspection orauditastothemannerin whichtheFederalfundswere expended.

Theseprovisionsarepartof ameasurewhichwouldgiveFederalaidtothepublicelementary andsecondaryschoolsofallthe Statesonaslidingscale,the totalannualappropriationto reach£375,000,000(Aust.)by 1952.ToqualifyfortheFederal funds,localschooljurisdictions mustspendfromlocalandState sourcesacertainminimumyearly amount,sothatby1953atleast £30wouldbeexpendedfromall sourceseachyearoneachschool childinpublicschoolsacrossthe nation.

InastatementbeforetheSenate,SenatorAikenexplained thathefavoredFederalaidfor alltheStates-notjustforthe poorerones-sothat"aportion ofthetaxloadforthesupport ofeducationwouldbeshifted fromtheshouldersofthereal estateownerineachlocalschool district,whereitnowrestsfar tooheavily,totheshouldersof allwhocontributethroughdirectandindirecttaxestotheFederal Treasury."

Indefenceofaidtonon-public schools,theSenatordeclared thatthemotivationforsuchassistanceis"implicitintheconceptofdemocracy."

"Itisnotdemocracy'sfunction,"hesaid,"todestroydifferencesofopinion,philosophy,and culture,buttoprovideahealthfulandproperenvironmentin whichtheycanflourishandmature."

CATHOLICVIEWS

SenatorAiken'sBillobviously differsradicallyfromtheWelch Bill.TheWelchBillwillprobablyreceivemorefavorablecon siderationinaneconomy-mindedCongress,asitsappropriation isonly20percentofthat authorisedbytheAikenmeasure.

InthemeantimeCatholi spokesmenhavebeengiving muchattentiontothequestion ofGovernmentaidtonon-public schools.

RegardingthequestionofFed eralaidtoeducationtheCatholi Churchstandsforequalassist ancetoallpupilsandtheirparents,CatholicorProtestant whoseneedformeeting quiredStatestandardshasbee proven,ArchbishopJohnT.Mc Nicholas,O.P.,ofCincinnati,A phasisedinanaddressbefo 600membersoftheFirstFrida Club.

TheArchbishop,whoischair manoftheAdministrativeBoar oftheNationalCatholicWel fareConferenceandpresiders Generalofthe EducationalNationalCatholi Association,points outthatunderacurrentFedera aid-to-educationlegislativeproposal,Catholicswouldpaymuch intaxestosupportthepro- gramme,buttheirchildrenwould notreceiveanybenefit.

Hepointedoutthatahigh percentageofthepopulationin largecitiesandthemorepopu- lousStatesisformedbyCatholics.Healsopointedoutthat undertheThomas-Hill-TaftBill, whichwouldprovidef78,000,000. (Aust.)inFederalaidtoeducation,thesubsidieswouldbe grantedaccordingtoStatelaws andconstitutions.andemphasis

ArchbishopMcNicholasdeclaredthattheThomas-Hill-Taft Billcontainsmanygoodprovisions;givingaidonthebasis ofneedandprovidingformore andbetter-paidteacherswhich willbenefitsomeStates,especi- allyintheSouth.Butsinceit wouldactuallyhelponlypupils inpublicschools,theprelateasserted,itbecomesdiscriminatory, undemocraticandun-American. Hesaidthattopleadpoverty forsomeschoolchildrenasa needofFederalaidandtodeny ittootherequallypoor,isgross- lyunjust.

ARCHBISHOPSPEAKS

ArchbishopMcNicholascommendedtheAmericanFederation ofLabor,whichhasadvocated aFederalaidtoeducationmeasurewhichwouldbenefitall needychildren,regardlessofthe schoolstheyattend.TheArchbishopinsistedthatFederalaid shouldbegrantedwhereneed isproven;shouldsupplement local,Stateandprivatefundsand shouldnotinvolveFederalcontrol.

Urginghishearerstomake theirviewsknowntotheirrep- resentatives ArchbishopinCongress,the remindedthatpar- entshavetherightsineducation, whichprecedeandareindependentoftherightsoftheState.

TheArchbishopassertedthat theChurchstandsforcompulsoryeducation,forfreedomof educationandtherightsofpar- entstoselectschoolsoftheir choice.

Inanarticlespeciallywritten fortheN.C.W.C.NewsService, theRev.FatherWilliamE.McManusmakessomeimportant observations.

RADIO

Neverbefore,hesays,hastheAmericanpublicbeensoaroused astotheneedforFederalaid tosupplementinsufficientState andlocalschoolfundsinmany areasofthenation.Itwould beanationalcalamityifcontroversialquestionsonFederal aidwereexploitedbythose schoolinterestswhich,although theywillbenefitmostfromFederalgrants,haveinthepast alamantlyopposedlegislation whichfailedtoguaranteeamonopolyoffundsforthepublic schools.

TheWelchBill,FatherMcManusadds,isalegislativereminderthat"thepublicschoolis notAmericaneducation;it'sonly uartofit."Hence,itistobeex- pectedthatthisnewapproach toFederalaidwillnotbeaccept-abletothoseeducatorswholook upontheparochialschoolsasinterlopers,as"protest"schools whicharetobetoleratedfor thoseparentswhoarenotsatisfiedwiththepublicschools.The Billclearlyrepudiatesthedangerouseducationaltheorythat publicfundsaretobemonopol- isedbythepublicschools;it leavesroomformorethanone systemofeducationintheUnitedStates.

Monopoliesinanyfieldof humanendeavourareathreatto freedom.Educationisnoexcep- tion.Indeed,theprecarious conditionofprivateschoolsin othernationsisareasoninitselfforreinforcingthepositionof privateeducationintheUnited States.Infact,thecharacterof amoderngovernmentmayusuallybejudgedfromitsattitudeto wardtheprivateschools.Under totalitarianregimestheyaresup- pressedorrestricted.Itmaybe saidthatthedividinglinebetweenfreedomanddictatorship istheprivateschool.

RIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN. 12ATWELLARCADE.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,APRIL2.1947.

UniversityExample

IthasbecomethecustominthisStateannuallyto observeLowSundayastheoccasionofthecorporate CommunionoftheUniversitystudents.Thesegatheringshavebeen,inthepast,mostsuccessfulfromthe viewpointofnumbersandoftheirinspirationalvalueto theCatholiccommunity.Asforthislatterconsideration, manyCatholicswhohavenothadtheadvantagesofthe highereducationandwhotendtoadoptascandalisedand oftenexaggeratedattitudetowardstheminorfrivolitiesof ,Universitylife,arenotinfrequentlyedifiedbythepublicwitnessoffaithwhichUniversitySundaymanifests. Itwerenotfair,however,norevensane,topretendthat theultimatholeofCatholicidealshasbeenattainedin theUniversity.Itisessentialthat,fromtimetotime, thereshouldbefromwithinsomeappraisementofadvance oromission.HadtherebeenmoresearchingandselfcriticismfromwithintheChurchfourhundredyearsago, theReformationmighthavebeenaverted,or,atallevents. mightsohaveoccurredastoproveinfactareformation. Thoughcomparisonsaresaidtobeodious,theyyethave theiruses.AndbycontrastwithUniversityactivityofa specificallyCatholicnatureelsewhereinAustralia,ourown endeavoursmightappeartorpidandstagnant.Thereis definitelyalackofCatholicintellectualleadershipinthe lifeoftheUniversity,whichisallthemoresurprising whenthenumericalstrengthandacademicqualifications oftheCatholicbodyareconsidered.Itmustheinsisted thattheoldtraditionisout-wornwherebytheCatholic wasconstantlyonthedefensiveandneverontheoffensive.IfCatholicActionmeansanything,itmeansthat theCatholicphilosophyistobeproclaimedfromthe housetopsasapositivewayoflifeandthought.besides whichallelsearesicklyalternatives.

4

Thisapostolateofproclaimingsomethingpositively andwithpoliteaggressionisnotmerelyonesuggestion amongmanyfortheCatholicgraduateandundergraduate. Itishisexclusivefieldofoperation,theoneforwhichhe aloneisequipped,andwhich,inviewofthePope'sexplicitplansinthisdirection,cannotinconsciencebe t-helvedorignored.Itisuselesstopretendthatthereis nooccasionforpresentingtheCatholicviewpointinthe University.Whenaprofessorstatesopenlyinalecture that,asapsychologist,hehasnomorals,itistimeforthe Catholicundergraduatetoriseinthelecture-roomandask whether,asamanmadeintheimageofGod,theprofessorhasanybrains.Whenthelecturerinphilosophyhas ceasedthepanegyricsofKant,HamiltonandBishopBerkeleyitistheopportunemomenttoinquirewhetherhe haseverheardofThomasofAquin.Oragain,thestale jokesagainsttheschoolmenmightbecounter-checkedby someofthenewerchucklesagainstthemenwhoarenot surewhethertheyexist.Sotheprocessmightprofitably beextendedintohistory,economics,artandscience.

4

Buttoaccomplishthis,tobuildupastrongbodyof organisedCatholicthought,postulatesthattheCatholic undergraduateissufficientlyappreciativeofthetruthand worthoftheFaithastobepreparedtodoatremendous amountofreadingandstudyoutsideof,andinaddition,to hiscourse.Thepresentaspectoftheworld'smuddle suggeststhatthosesubjectswithwhichtheCatholicUniversitystudentcannotaffordtobeunacquainted,are,in orderofimportance:Philosophy,history,economics,and psychology.InallthesematterstheChurchisexceptionallyfortunateinhavingatthemomentauniquearray ofreliableauthorities,manyofthemorepopularbeing laymenwithUniversitytraining.Maritain,Claudel,Belloc,Chesterton,Dawson,Gillis,Knox.andMartindaleare butafewofthenamesinthatformidablehost.Then, ofcourse,inadditionto,andabovetheintellect,thewill mustbetrainedtozeal,courageousnessandconstancy. TheCatholicmustalwayshaveasufficientmotive,forthe willwillfollowonlywheretheintellectleads.But nothingismorefutileorcontemptiblethanmere'intellectualism."Nothingwillproveagreaterstimulusinthe splendidapostolateoftheUniversitystudentthanordinaryfidelitytoCatholicpractice,andthestudyoftheLife ofChrist.Ofthisspiritualfibre,soindispensableand yetsoapttoheoverlooked.UniversitySundayisthe splendidannualtestimonyandreminder.

LEGION OFMARY

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters)

EXPOSITION

Nowthatasupplyofcandles hascometohand,Expositionof theBlessedSacramentwillbe heldeveryThursdayintheLegionofMaryChapelatthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,ActiveandAuxiliary,and totheCatholicpeopleingeneral, topayavisitduringtheday. Expositioncommencesafter8 a.m.Massandconcludeswith Benedictionat5.30p.m.

ROSARY

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 andagainat1.30p.m.Makea practiceofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheLuncheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m.Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.ThisGerlopisavailabletoall,andbusiness girlsareespeciallyinvitedtospend theirlunchhourinthehappyenvironmentoftherooms.

WARTIMEDISPENSATIONFROMABSTINENCE TOCEASE.

ThedispensationfromAbstinence,whichasawartimeprivilegehasbeenoper. atingintheArchdiocese,will ceaseasfromAshWednesday(February19th.)ofthis year.Onandfromthatdate thelawofabstinencefrom meatonFridaysandother prescribeddayswillagainbe Inforce.

HolidayResorts

MASSTIMETABLE, Albany: EverySunday:7.30a.m,and9,45 8,M, DailyMassat7.30a.m.during schoolholidays;6.30a.m,atother imes.

Bunbury: St.Patrick'sChurch: AllSundays:7.30a.m.and9,30 a.m. HolidaysofObligation:7a.m. and8a.m. SouthBunbury: 8a.m.onallSundays.

HolidaysofObligation:7am.

Fremantle: 7,9,and10.30am.

Beaconsfield: 7and9a.m

Spearwood: 630cm.

Flookingham: 10am.onallSundaysduringholidays

BusseltonandDistricts: April6:Busselton,7.30a.m.: Cundenup,10am.

Scarborough: EverySunday:8a.m, NorthBeach:

EverySunday:8.15a.m.

OsbornePark:

EverySunday:7.30and10am.

Mandurah: Sunday,April6:9.30a.m.

emb=.=veamirrismeoll

HOLIDAYMASSAT ROTTNEST

HolyMasswillbecelebratedat RottnestIslandonEasterSunday at9a.m.Furtherinformation fromOfficeofControl.

Archbishop'sEngagements

April6(EasterSunday),11a.m.: St.Mary'sCathedral;PontificalHighMass.

April9,8p.m.,PerthTownHall: Presentationoftrophiesto membersoftheYoungChristianWorkers.

April13,8a.m.: St.Mary'sCathedral:Cele brateMassontheoccasionof theannualGeneralCommun. ionoftheNewmanSociety.

_April27,morning: ConfirmationandCanonical VisitationatSt.Joseph's Church,Mt.Barker.

q0 DEATHS 010

COLREAVY.-OnMarch24, 1947(resultofdrowningaccident),JimandLeo,dearbelovedsonsofMrs.B.Colreavy andthelatePeterJosephColreavy,dearestbrothersof Grace(Mrs.Ryan),Jack, Eileen(Mrs.Dominish),Jos ephine(SisterMarySt.FrancisdeSales,SacredHeartConvent,Highgate),Peterand Frank.

SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyontheirsouls.ImmaculateHeartofMary yourprayersforthemextol.

COLREAVY.-OnMarch24, 1947,JamesVincent,loving brotherofLeoandNorma,and fonduncleofKevinandPeter; aged38years. MostSacredHeartofJesus, havemercyontheirsouls.

COLREAVY.-OnMarch24, 1947(resultofdrowningaccident)Leo,treasuredhusband ofNormaanddarlingdaddyof KevinandPeter;aged29 years.

44INMEMORIAM010

FITZGERALD,AnnMaria.Sacredtothememoryof(our dearwifeandmother,who passedawayatMullewaon April9,1944. Mayherdearsoulrestin peace. -Insertedbyherlovinghusbandandfamily.

GALLAGHER.-Ofyourcharity pleaseprayforthereposeof thesoulofJamesPatrick,who diedApril1.1946,belovedand onlybrotherofBellandMary andfamily.R.I.P. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

JONES.-Inlovingmemoryof mydearhusband,Daniel(Dan), whodepartedthislifeatNorthamHospital,April8,1937. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul. Everrememberedbyhisloving wifeandfriend,TomKnox.

KINSELLA,John.-Ofyourcharity,prayforthereposeofthe soulofJohn,whodepartedthis lifeonApril8,1941. SweetJesus,havemercyonhis soul. -Insertedbyhislovingwife andfamily.

MULCAHY.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofThomasJoseph,whodied March27,1938. Jesus,havemercyonhissoul. -Insertedbyhislovingchildren.

Young

Afternoon: BlessnewschoolatMt.Barker.

CLERICALAPPOINTMENTS.

HisGracetheArchbishop wishestoannouncethefollowingclericalappointments: Assistants:Rev.M.G.Diviney, toCoolgardie;Rev.M.Brennan, toEastFremantle;Rev.M.K. Duffy,toLeederville(secondassistant);Rev.M.F.Byrne,to Cathedral;Rev.E.H.McKenna, toPalmyra;Rev.LEivers,to Claremont;Rev.J.J.McGrath. toHighgate;Rev.J.Fitzgerald isloanedtoGeraldtonDiocese. Rev.H.F.Brennan,to"The Record."

O'BRIEN.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulof Stephen,whodiedatMerredin onMarch24,lovingbrotherof Thomas,175Derby-road,Shen tonPark. SacredHeartofJesus.have mercyonhissoul.

BOARDANDRESIDENCE.

YoungCatholicmanurgently requiresfullboardwithsmall family;reasonabledistancefrost city.ApplyL.B.,thisoffice.

ROOMTOLET.

Clean,bright,frontroom,unfurnished;usekitchen;allconveniences;middleagedcouple. ReplyRoy,thisoffice.

ACCOMMODATION.

Younggent.,employedincity asclerk,requiresboardandresidence;privatefamilypreferred. R.O.31.

WANTED.

WantedforNorthamPresbytery,amiddle-agedCatholicmarriedcouple.Thewomantoact ashousekeeperatthePresbytery,themantobecaretakerof theChurch,Hallandgrounds. Goodaccommodation.Forfur Cherdetails,applytotheParish Priest,CatholicPresbytery,Nor than.

Catholicfamily,twosmallboys, desperatelyneedahome.Will rentorbuy,cash;brick;anysuburb.RingW1015.

OLDAQUINIANS'ANNUAL COMMUNION.

TheOldAquinians'Association willholditsannualCommunion andre-uniononSunday,May 25,attheCollege.

Masswillcommenceat8.30 a.m.,andbreakfastwillbeheld afterwards.Theschoolbuswill leavefromCanningBridgefor theschoolat8a.m.andagainat 9.15a.m.Afterthebreakfast thebuswillconveymembersto CanningHighway.

THIRDORDEROFST.FRANCIS.

Membersarenotifiedthatthe monthlymeetingoftheabove OrderwillbeheldonSunday, April13,insteadofEasterSunday. ACouncilmeetingwillbeheld intheCentralCatholicLibraryat 8p.m.onWdenesday,April9.

Theproceedsofthefirstweek of"MurderWithoutCrime," commencingonApril9,willbe donatedtotheRedCrossAppeal fortheFoodforBritainFlood ReliefFund.

biscrumnations

REVIEWOF

PassionWeekMusicandDrama

(ByK.F.W.)

Artistryofahighorder,both musicalanddramatic,wasevidentatCathedralHilllast week,whenDvorak's"Stabat Mater"and"TheUpperRom," byRobertHughBenson,were presented.Somanytastygems loadedthemenuthatonlythe gourmandcouldhavedigested themall;butatnostagedidthe audienceshowanysignofthe bloatedindifferenceusuallyresultingfromover-indulgence.

Thiswashighpraiseindeed,consideringwewereforcedtoremainsilentduringbothperformances.Thefewwhodaredmove duringtheshortintervalbetween dishesweremetwithawithering glancefromtheconductor.

"STABATMATER."

TheperformanceofDvorak's "S'tabatMater"introducedusto anewlyformedmusicgroupmakingitsfirstpublicappearance. TheSocietyofSt.Ceciliarevealedamusicalpotentialwhich mustbeconsideredasgreetas thatofanyothermusicalorganisationinPerth,andthehighest creditisduetoitsdirector,the Rev.FatherAlbertLynch.Here isopportunityforthedevelopmentofmanyyoungmusicians whohavelittlechanceofexperi-

terofchoraleffect,butneverat anytimedoeshaallowthistointerferewiththemusicalconcep tionofhiswork,itsdelicate phrasingorclimax.Withhis knowledgeandkeensenseof musicianship,thereiseveryreasontoexpectsomefinework fromthischoirinthefuture.The foursoloists,whoacquittedthemselvescreditably,wereAustin Coulehan,CamelMoral,Mai garetAtki,,soa,andJosephAtkinson.

"THEUPPERROOM."

Benson's"TheUpperRoom"is notasimplep'aytoproduce. Theplayersstartatadisadvantagebecausetheaudiencehasa preconceivedpictureofMary, Judas,Peterandtheothers.One oftheproducer'sproblemsisto ensurethatBenson'slanguage, whichbegstobeover-acted,is interpretedwithintheboundsof goodtaste.This,andnumerous technicalproblemswerewellmasteredbyMr.JamesA.Quinn. Hisproductionmaintainedasimplicityinsetting,..stagemovementandgroupingwhichhad muchtodowiththestrongatmosphereoftheplay.Hiseffectswereboldandrealistic,and notonce(luringthelongcrowd scenesoffstagedidthetenseness intheupperroomrelax.The

wasnotonetraceofawkwardnessinherportrayalofadifficult role.RobertWilliamsisrather anamazingyoungman.Hie workalwaysbearsthecharmof simplicity,yethemanagesanastoundinginsightintothecharactersheportrays.Theremainderoftheroleswereplayedby theVeryRev.J.T.McMahon,W.

A.Brown,W.Connaughton,Ron Evans,LloydLawson,KenRogers,RaySmith,CeliaReith,and MaryMoir. Twochoirswereusedforincidentalmusic,andtheconductors, FatherLynchandRobertStirling,aretobecongratulatedon hesmoothnessoftheperformance

"AcaciaAvenue"

PerformancebyUniversityDramaticSociety

ByR.L.

ThePerthstagehasbeenso clutteredrecentlywithhomely littlestoriesrecountingthe scrapes,trials,andhumourof familylifethatIcanonlycall thechoiceoftheUniversityDramaticSocietyin"AcaciaAvenue" unfortunate.

Itiswithintheintimatecircle ofthefamilythatthebasicgood qualitiesofhumourarefound. Youcannotimagineyourself,for instance,subjectingyourfamily toabombardmentofconversationalfripperiesthatmightpass for.humourinthegeneralnoise ofaparty.

Humourwithinthefamilycircleisspontaneous,somethingwe allunderstand,usuallyrichand tothepoint;itssubtletyoften agood-naturedreferencetoa peculiarityorfailingofafamily member.

Itisarichfieldfortheplaywright.Constantudros(the author)musthavebeenraisedin thecareoftheStateanddieda Lachelor.Eitherthat,orhe ploddedthroughlifewithhiseyes shut."AcaciaAvenue"willprobablyberesurrectedfromtime totimeasproofofhislackofdiscernment.

TheplayfeaturedFlorence HughesasMrs.Robinson,the mother,andNevilleTeedeasMr. Robinson,thefather.Theywere theheadsoftheusual,andmuch malignedLondonsuburbanhousehold.TheirsonPeter(John Oldham),daughterJoan(Ann Maitland),andmaidShirley (RobinChennell-Smith)completedthefamilycircle.

Thepiecewassetwithinthe well-arrangedandartfullylightedconfinesoftheRobinsonlivingroom.

TheRobinsons,ontheeveofthe greatesteventoftheirlives,a long-awaitedtriptotheMediterranean,accompaniedbydaughter Joan,werestartledbythenews ofherengagementtoMichael Cairaway(RonStrahan).With thiscameherrefusaltoaccompanythem.

Theditheringandgeneralpanic onthepartofmotherandfather atthisnewscouldhardlybecalledconvincing.

Thissuddenchangeinplanson theirpartwasputoverparticularlywell.Onecouldalmostfeel thesmallnessoftheirlivesclosingin;thefrighteneddropback intotherutafterabriefglimpse ofthepossibilitiesofanoutside world.Theydeparted,highly delightedwiththeirownsecretivechangeofplans.

ThesecondactofferedtheRobinsonchildrenanopportunityfor anorgyofimmoralityintheabsenceofmotherandfather. Peter'sillicitweek-endwiththe adventuressfellthrough;buthis dejectionwasplayedoffagainst anexcitedandgarbledstoryfrom Shirley,themaid,ofherboy friend'sattempttoleadher astray.

FollowingthiswasasceneparticularlywellplayedbyRon StrahanandAnnMaitland.Ron Strahan,withmoreexperience, shouldbecomeoneoftheUniversityDramaticSociety'sbest actors.Heplayedwitheaseand confidence.Hismovementson thestagewereconvincingand perfectlytimed,andhehasthat rarequalityof"gettinginside" thepartheisplayingandtaking theaudiencealongwithhim.

Thescenewhereheconvinced anottooreluctantJoanthatthe sacredprivilegesofmarriedlife aretherightofanengagedcouple,andthatanyobjections againsthisargument,morallyor forthesakeofconvention,were sheerbunk,isnotworthrecounting.Sufficeittosaythattoher delighthewontheargumentand theyretired.

TheunexpectedreturnofMr. andMrs.Robinson,andtheensuingscenes,wereprobablythe bestpartoftheplayfromthe pointofactingandproduction. CleverproductionbyConstance Spurwaycarriedtheaudience alongwithgreatgusto.

Thecompleteinnocenceof motherandfatherinfaceofthe actionsoftheirchildrenwastoo hardtobelieve. This,closelyfollowedbythe lovers'quarrel,wassweptaside bythearrivaloftheWilsonsand theirquestioningaboutthetrip. ThegallantattemptoftheRobinsonstopreserveandconceal

theirliebroughtsomegenuine humour.

TheUniversityDramaticSocietycanputitover.Amore carefulchoiceofplaysontheir partshouldprovidePerthwith someworth-whileandeducative entertainment.

NEWMANSOCIETY

TransportArrangementsfor

NewmanSunday.

Theundermentionedpeople havekindlyconsentedtosupply carsforthetransportofgraduatesandundergraduatestoSt. Mary'sCathedralonNewman Sunday,April13.Theywill leaveontheroutesmentionedis sufficienttimetoarriveatthe eighto'clockMass.

Ifyouwishtoavailyourslfof thistransport,pleaseringthe personwhosecarwillbefollowingtheroutemostconvenientto youandmakeprivatearrangements.Ifyourdistricthasnot beencateredforthenring P.6732(thePresident) or WM1241(theSecretary).

Theprocessionwilllineupin twosat7.45a,m,outsidethe Archbishop'sPalace,theorder beingmalegraduates,male undergraduates,ladygraduatts, ladyundergraduates.Gownsare usuallyworn. ImmediatelyafterMassthe breakfastwillbeheldandthe graduatesarespeciallyrequestedtoattendthissecondfunction.Remember,NewmanSundayistheoneoccasionduring theyearwhenwe,asmembersof theUniversity,haveanoppor- tunitytoattendMassandtoapproachthealtarrailsasone bodyofmenandwomenpledged tothecauseofCatholicAction. TransportArrangements.

Specialtrolleybus.exSwanbourne:7.16a.m.

Mr.E.LeB.Henderson:From theCivicTheatre.

Mr.T.Cullity:Hampton-road, Rokeby-road,Axon-streetBridge, RailwayParade.

MissA.Prendergast:UniversityHostel.

MissDallimore:From19tram terminus.

Mr.Crock:FromConolly-street. Wembly.

Mr.R.Evans:ComoHotel.

Dr.J.P.L.Johnston:Oxfordstreet,Leederville Dr.T.W.Meagher:Through Albany-road.

MissSecombe:FromJohnstonstret,Cottesloe.

Dr.B.J.Hallion:FromFremantle.

Mr.M.Cullity:FromFremantleTrafficBridge.

Mr.W.Melvin:FromHostel Manly,Cottesloe. Dr..E.W.Arndt:FromGuild-

workinany formaTheskillandmusicianshipwhichwererevealedintheir firsteffortdeserveeveryencouragement.

Couragewasnotlackingin someofthetasksFatherLynch sethisorchestra,andalthough notallofthemweremetsuccessfully,therewerenoblatantargumentstomarthesmoothnessof theperformance.Realpianissimoplayingwithasmallinexperiencedstringensembleusuallyhasanaudiencehangingexpectantlyovertheedgeofaprecipice,ariskybusinesstosaythe least.Theorchestralendingto thequartetcalledforsuchplaying,andweweretreatedtoa beautifullyexecutedpieceofwork wellcontrolledandofapleasing warmthwhichonlyconfident playingcanachieve.Intheaccompanimentstothefullchorus worktherewasafirmnessinat tackwhichshowedpreparation,it ahighstandardandfullyjustifiedtheconfidenceoftheconductor.

Equallydeservingofpraise wastheSociety'schoir,whose effortsfrequentlytemptedmeto breakthebanonapplause.As withtheorchestra,theworkwas performedwitharefreshingvitalitywhichproducedsome whole-heartedvigoroussinging Theblendingofvoiceswasmuch betterinthesofterpassages,but itdoesnoharmtoseesingersenjoying'themselves.Thetask ofenjoyingthemselveswithout theroughedgesistheirstolearn, andtheycouldhavenobetter teacherthantheirpresentconductor.FatherLynchisamas-

stagelighting,incontrastto someunfortunateeffectsinthe theatre,wasbeautifullyconceivedandsmoothlyexecuted.

ThegoodperformanceonSaturdaynightwasalmostruined byinexcusablecarelessnessin lightingarrangementsforthe choirandorchestra.Considerableembarrassmentwasfeltby theaudienceand,Ihope,bythe personresponsible.Thesacred natureoftheplay,andtheconductor'spresenceofmindinmakinganimmediatestartwithhis musicsavedwhatwouldnormallyhavebeenafarmoreawkward situation.

Mostofthegeneralpublic,and eventhoseactivelyconcerned withthewelfareoftheamateur theatre,willforgivelapsesinacting,forweallknowthedifficultiesincastingthematerialavailable;butlapsesinsimplepresentationtechniquetendtomake theamateurtheatreandschoolboydramaticssynonymousinthe mindsofthepublic.Thisisa sorrystateofaffairs,andsuch faultsshouldrarelyifeveroccur.Theamateurtheatrein Perthhaslongpassedthestage whenitshouldbepraisedfor well-intentionedmediocrity.It cannotgovernthestandardof actingtalentavailable,butitcan andshouldeliminatethetechnical deficiencieswhichembarrassan audience.

Actinghonoursweresharedby PeggyNunnandRobertWilliams.PeggyNunn,asMary, didnotspeakuntilthelast scene,butherdelightfullysmooth stagemovementswereoneofthe highlightsoftheevening.There

Act.I.wasconsiderablybrightenedbytheappearanceofthe Wilsons.Mr.Wilson(Bruce 'Warren)andMrs.Wilson(Jacky Kott)peppeduptheactimmediately.Raucouslaughterand heartyback-slappingfromMr. Wilson,accompaniedbyallthe adviceexpectedof"Mr.NextDoor,"whoisan"oldtraveller," werewellputoverbyBruceWarrell.JackyKottsupportedhis remarks,andtenderedherown advice,inanexperiencedandpolishedmanner.

ColinChennell-Smith,asShirley,themaid,gaveanexcellent andamusingportrayalofcockneyhumour.

TheappearanceofPeterwith hisgirlfriend,EstelleParker (HelenBurns),theseductive, slinkyadventuress-inanamateurishway-heraldedthedown gradeofmoraltone,andthereplacementofhumourbydoubtful conversation.

Thesheepishannouncementof theyouthfulPeter-thatthey wereofftospendaweek-endtogether-failedtoshattertheimmenseinnocenceofmotherand father.Theonlyconcernof fatherseemedtobethatEstelle andMr.Wilsonpolishedoffthe lastofhiswhisky.

JohnOldham,asPeter,would havedonewelltohaveenunciatedmoreclearly,madehisactions moredecisiveandexpressive.

Afteragreatdealofconfusion,inwhichdaughterJoanintroducedherswain,MichaelCarraway,theRobinsonsfinallygot underway-butnotfortheMediterranean.

Theircouragefailedthem, andbeknownonlytothemselves, thetwosetofffortheobscure seasidetownwhichhadbeentheir summerrendezvousthroughtwen ty-oneyearsofmarriedlife.

TheCrucifixionScenefromthefamourPassionPlayatOberammergau,whichhasbeentheinspirationofPassionplaysallover theworld. encingensemble

Y.0W

ACTIVITIES

NallionalMutualIltdIdings,81St George'sTerrace,Perth.

'Phone:82548.

HEADQUARTERS.

MeetingstobeheldatHeadquartersduringApril:

Thursday,10th.,7p.m.:Y.C.W.

Executive.

Thursday,17th.,8p.m.:Y.C.W.

Council.

Thusday,24th.,7p.m.:Y.C.W.

Executive.

Thursday,24th.,8p.m.:Sports Council.

Wednesday,April9th.

OntheabovedatetheY.C.W. isholdingagrandpresentation nightinthePerthTownHall.

HisGracetheArchbishopwill presenttrophiestothesuccessful athletesandbranchesofrecent .portingcompetitions.

Theeveningwillconsistoffour parts.From8till9p.m.variousbrancheswillpresentitems, thisbeingfollowedbythepresentationoftrophies,supperand dancing.

Allarecordiallyinvited,and wehopetoseeallY.C.W.membersandtheirparentsinattendance.

Admissionisonly2s.Tickets (anbeobtainedfromyourbranch andalsoatthedooroftheTown Hall.

Attention,AllLeaders'Groups.

PartII.ofthe1947leaders' programmeshasarrivedandis obtainableatheadquarters.

Allleaders'groupsareaskedto takeaverykeenandactivepart inthisprogrammeby:

1.Sendinginreports(toheadquarters)oftheinquirywhen completed.

2.Beingmorezealousintheir gospelmeditations.

3.Keepingtheirbranchesfully informedofthecurrentinquiries.

HighgateWinsCricketFinal.

Inakeenlyfoughtcontest Highgatebecamepossessorsof

thecrickettrophy,whentheydefeatedMidlandJunctionbythe narrowmarginof11runsatthe NorthMidlandOval.Thegame wasplayedintheusualY.C.W. spiritandeveryoneenjoyedthemselves.

Outstandingperformancewas thatofH.O'Sullivan(H.),who, besidestaking4wicketsfor52, toppedthebattinglistwitha glorious53.OthernotableperformersforHighgatewereK. Marsh(33),D.Carr(24),W.McPherson(20),L.Raphael(16), andA.Smith's6for56.

ForMidlandJunction,Vincent top-scoredwithaspectacular26, whichincludeda6andthree4's; Doyle(24),Thomas(21).Jones (19notout),andNorthey(16) wereothersworthyofmention, whilstthebowlinghonourswere sharedbetweenByrnes(4for35) andDoyle(3for25).

Highlightofthematchwasthe excellentfieldingofthehome team,whichmadetheirreasonablescoreintoamammothtotal.

Bowling:Troy,nilfor45;Vincent,1for17;Byrnes,4for35; Northey,2for39;Doyle,3for25. HIGHGATEBRANCH.

Dressedintheiruniforms,the Y.C.W.andN.C.G.M.membersof thisbranchattendedinagroup theeighto'clockMassinthe SacredHeartChurchonPassion Sunday. Precededbytheirrespective banners,themembersofboth Movementsmarchedintothe churchandoccupiedthefirstten seats.ThebannerbearerscontinuedonintotheSanctuaryand ateachsideofthealtarstoodto attentionwiththeirbannersheld aloft,exceptduringtheConsecration.

TheMasswasansweredbyall themembersandtheresponses wereveryclearanddistinct.

Rev.FatherWallacecelebrated theMassandspokeafewwords ontheY.C.W.andN.C.G.M.,and askedtheparentstoseethat theirchildrenbecamemembers ofeitheroftheseMovements.

Thisistheseconddialogue Masswehaveco-offered,anditis nowtobeaciritttrlyfunction.

Acarnivaldancewillbeheld onApril11.

TherivertriptoPointWalter lastThursdaywasagreatsuccess.Allanboardhadlotsof funandarelookingforwardto ,imilarexcursions.

Thebasketballteamhadits firstrunonTuesdayeveningin thePariahHall,underthewatchfuleyeofGerrySlattery.In future,however,trainingwillbe at7.15p.m.,inthe16th.BattalionDrillHall,BazaarTerrace, everyFridayevening.Allmembersoflastseason'steamhave beenre-registeredandarerequestedtostripnextFriday.

Salesof"NewYouth"last monthwereveryencouraging. OvertwelvedozenweresoldoutsidethechurchonPassionSunday,mainlythroughtheeffortsof PeterO'Mara,MaxRobinson, ColinRussell,RonGardiner,Jack Lynch,HarryEaston,PatQuealy andColinPowell.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

FreshMilkDaily

OnSaturdaynight,29th.ult., ourfortnightlydancewasheldin St.Joseph'sHall,andagood crowdofover200wasinattendance.Thenightwasagreat success,andalreadythecrowd hasshownadistinctlikingfor theneworchestra,whichseems tobejustwhateveryonewants.

OurgrandBall,istotakeplace intheLeedervilleTownHallon July4.

Debates.

Arrangementsareinhandto formabranchdebatingteam. Anyoneinterestedisaskedtosee RogerRyanorPatHickeyfor furtherparticulars.

VICTORIAPARKBRANCH.

Dances.

Ournextfortnightlydance,on April12,istotaketheformof anotherbigstreamerandconfetticarnival.Therewillalso beluckyspotsandanexcellent supper,Popularold-timeand moderndances,tothemusicof ourpopularorchestra. Admissionwillbe2s.

Football.

Withthefootballseasonfast approaching,wearecallinga generalmeetingofallintending playersandsupportersonSunday,April13,inthehall,at11 o'clock.

CompletelyReadyfor your1947KnittingRequirements

Don'ttheseasonswhizzaround!Onceagain it'stimetogetoutyourknittingneedlesand startworkonthosenewwoolliesyou'llwantfor thisAutumnandWinter.Ahern's,ofcourse, havealltheaccesoriesyou'llrequire. The newKnittingWoolsbyPaton's,Sunglo,Lincoln Mills,Excelsior,thelatestKnittingBooks, Needles,KnittingBags,Rug-MakingAccesories. MakeAhern's yourheadquartersforKnitting needsthisseason.

tendarerequestedtohand namestoHeadquartersimmediately.

FREMANTLEBRANCH.

GrandEasterCarnival. WeareholdinganEasterCarnivalonThursday,April10.Now thatLentisoverletusmake thisanoutstandingsuccess. BranchMeeting.

Ifourdanceswentwiththe sameswingasthesedoourworrieswouldbeover.OnApril8 wehaveasurpriseinstore.We intendtotryourhandatdebating.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Rehearsals.

Mostoftheprincipalswenton locationonSaturdaylast,and therewere"shots"takenallover theplace-atthetenniscourts, andatacoupleofprivatehomes thecamerasdidtheirworst. Therewillbenorehearsalon EasterSundayevening. CarnivalDance. EasterMondaynightmarksthe occasionofagalacarnivaldance. Aninvitationisalsoextendedto ourneighbouringparishes,which wearesurewillhelptomake theeveningasuccess.

BasketBall.

Practicesarebeingheldon MondayeveningsatSt.Patrick's Boys'School,Wellington-street, at7.30p.m. GeneralMeeting.

Nextgeneralmeetingwillbe onWednesdayevening,April16, at8p.m.P.T.willbeheld afterwards.

Uniforms.

Girlsareremindedaboutgettingtheiruniformsready,asthe fourthSundayinMaywillbea badge-takingceremony, and everyoneisaskedtowearher uniformonthatoccasion.

H.A.C.B.S.

DistrictBoardVisittoBranches

TheDistrictBoardwillmake thefollowingvisitsduringApril namely:-HelpofChristians' Branch,EastVictoriaPark,on 15thandSt.Brigid'sBranch WestPerthon29th.

GrandSecretary

Ashasalreadybeenannounced theGrandSecretary,Bro.J.Edwardsisrelinquishingthatoffice. Hewillhandovertohissuccessor,Bro.W.IvanKeoghonApril 2nd.Fromthatdate,therefore, Branchesandmembershaving businesswiththeDistrictBoard willdealwiththenewGrandSecretarywhoseofficeissituatedat ColonialMutualBuildings(7th Floor),St.George'sTerrace. ComplimentarySocialinHonour ofBro.W.A.Brown Bro.Brownretiredfromoffice ontheDistrictBoardattheDistrictConferenceheldinNovemberlastafter22yearscontinuousservice.ithasbeendecided torecognisehisspecialservices totheSocietybytenderingto himaComplimetarySocialatSt. Joseph'sHall,SubiacoonMay8th next.Thisisapreliminarynotice inorderthatmembersmayset asidethatdateandbytheirpresenceshowtheirappreciationof Bro.Brown'sservices.

Weareendeavouringtoobtain someonetocoachusinthecomingseason;ifthereisanyone willingtotakeonthejob,orif youknowofanyone,willyouget intouchwithus?Wehavenot hadacoachinpreviousseasons, andithasbeenabighandicap tous.

14.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS.

Pleasenotelistofmeetingsat

HeadquartersforApril: CouncilMeeting:Monday,April14,at8p.m.

ExecutiveMeetings:Friday, April11,at8p.m.;Monday, April28,at8p.m.

MarianLodgeCommitteeMeetings:Wednesday,April2,16,and 30.

Retreat:ThenextLeaders'Re treatwilltakeplaceonApril26 and27.Leaderswishingtoat-

of43yearshetookanactiveinterestinitsaffairsandunobtrusivelyperformedveryvaluable workforit.HewasaGrandTrusteeforthelongtermof24years andonlythosewhowereclosely associatedwithhimcanadequatelyappreciatetheveryfineservicesrenderedbyhiminthat office.

Bro.Bendonwasaconstant andenthusiasticmemberofthe StaroftheSea,Branch,Fremantle,andfromthemeetingsof thatbranchhewillbegreatly missed.Requiescatinpace.

FAMILYPROTECTEDIN

ITALY.

Articlessafeguardingthefain. ilyandtheindissolubilityofmar. riagehavebeenacceptedforinclusionintheItalianConstitutionbyamajorityvoteofthree intheConstitution-framingCommission.

Thefirstarticlereads:'"The familyisanaturalsocietyandas suchtheStaterecognisesthe rightsandtheguardianshipofit forthepurposesofassuringthe fulfilmentofitsmissionandof conservingthemoralstabilityand theprosperityofthenation."

Thefirstpartofthearticleon marriagerecognisesthat"matrimonyisbasedonmoralandjuridicalequalityofhusbandand wife."

Thesecondpartcitesthelaw guaranteeingtheindissolubility ofmarriageandthefamily's unity.

ChristianDemocrats,Liberals andCommonManpartymemberssupportedthearticlesCommunists,Socialists,Republicans andActionistsopposedthem.

TheVaticannewspaper,"OsservatoreRomano,"pointsout thatavoteagainstthemarriage articlewasineffectavotefor divorce.

"Thepositionsofthepolitical partiesconcerningtheCatholic religionhasbeenmadeclearby thedebate,"the"Osservatore" continues,"sincethequestionof matrimonyessentiallyisreligious,althoughithasconnections withpolitical,socialandeconomicquestions."

TheVaticanpaperreferredto theChurch'sunchangingstand regardingmarriageandrecalled that-itlostEnglandbecauseof themarriagequestion,rather thancompromiseonaprinciple establishedbyitsdivineFounder.

Commentingonaccusationsof theclergy"meddling"inpolitics,the"Osservatore"says:"The realitywhichItalycanseeto-day isthebestargument.Thefacts forcethemselvesonthesophistriesandmystifications.There isnodoubtbutthatinthisfield theItalianclergywillbeseenalwaysatitspostofactionand,beforeall,atthealtarandinthe pulpit."

CARDPARTY

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville

Atthemeetingheldon26th. inst.,Messrs.J.Sutherland,Peter andMauriceBeesonandJ. McMorrowwerenominatedfor membership.Clearanceinrespect ofBro.S.L.HarristoSt.Mary's Branch,Kalgoorliewasgranted. Acordialwelcomewasextended tomembersofSt.Patrick's Branchwhowerepresenttoplay St.Mary'sNo.1teamTableTennisandQuoitsintheinter-branch Competitions.

Areportofameetingofthe GeneralPurposeCommitteeof theTennisClubwasreceivedand arrangementsweremadefora generalmeetingtobeheldatthe ChristianBrothers'Collegeon April1st.TheInter-Branch matchesagainstSt.Patrick's BranchresultedinawinforSt. Mary'sintheTableTennisand forSt.Patrick'sintheQuoits. AfterthemeetingonWednesday April9th,No.2Badmintonteam willplaySt.Brigid'sBranch.

Greatregretwasexpressedat thedeathofBro.LeoColreavy andhisbrother,Jiminsuch tragiccircumstanceson24th.inst. ItwasarrangedtohaveHoly Massofferedforthereposeofhis soul.

DeathofLateBro.John.1. Bendon

BythedeathofBro.Bendon theSocietylostoneofitsmost valuedmembers.Duringthe wholeperiodofhismembership

Acardpartyinaidofthe CarmeliteSisterswillbeheldat theCollege,VictoriaSquare,on Friday,May2nd,commencingat 8p.m. Thisistheonlysocialactivity heldeachyearfortheSisters, andasitisimpossibletocontactallcardplayersindividually, youarecordinallyinvitedto attend. Non-cardplayerscanhelp makethispartyasuccessby purchasingticketsintheraffle ofalargecanearmchairfrom MissA.Chesson(organiser),406 Charles-st.,NorthPerth(Tel. B9106).

CentralHopeoftheChristianLifeEASTER

WhatChrist'sResurrectionMeans

ForAll

"Easter"meanstheFeastof April,thespringmonth,for,as St.Bedetellsus,theoldEnglish Saxonsusedtocallthismonth Easter,afteroneoftheirgod. desses.AndonthisEasterday JesusChristourLordandRedeemer,rosefromthetomb,a gloriousVictoroversinanddeath.

Isitnotfittingthatwherethis gloriousfestival,whichfillsour soulswithanewlifeofhope,alwaysfallsintheseasonof spring,itsobeautifullysymbolisesitsmysteries?Forwintercameintothebeautifulland ofthesoulsofmen.Darkness fellontheirminds;thecoldof unbelieffrozethewell-springsof theirhearts;thewildstormsof revoltsweptawaythebarriersof restraint,andviceandevery abominationashungrywolves wanderedunchecked,devouring thebenightedtravellers.Asin thewinterthesapofthetrees sinkstotherootsthroughevery pore,andallthebeautifulfoliage withersanddies,soallthefair virtuesplantedandcaredforby Goddiedinmen'shearts.

Thencamethepromiseofthe Redeemer,antiasthemessageof springawakesthedeadseeds withintheearth.sothevirtues spranganewtolifeinthesouls ofmen.Yes,whenJesusrose fromthedeadvictoriousoversin anddeath,winterfledfromthose soulswhosharedinHisResurrection;thelongdarknesspassed,hardheartsmelted,stormsof passionwerestilled,andthe soulsofmen.warmedbytheSun oftheResurrection,blossomed intoanewlife.Welcometothis spring-timeofGod!Thespringtimeofnature,beautifulasitis beyonddescription,isbutafaint andunworthycopyofthattrue spring-timeofthesupernatural worldbroughttomenbythetriumphofJesusChrist.

Astherearepremonitionsof thecomingspring,sotherewere heraldsofthefutureResurrectionduringthelongwinterof God'sdispleasure.Theholy KingDavid,theinspiredPsalms istofIsrael,singsofChrist's futurevictoryandtriumphover death:"TheLordistheportion ofmyinheritanceandofmy cup:itisThouthatwiltrestore myinheritanceuntome.

Thereforemyfleshalsoshallrest inhope.BecauseThouwiltnot leavemysoulinhell;norwilt ThougiveThyHolyOnetosee corruption"(Ps.xv.).Isaias,the greatprophetoftheMessias, foretellsthatHe"shallcastdown

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL

111111111111111111111111111111,11.1111111/11111t1111t31111116111111111

YouareInvitedtoInspectthe ArtisticallyColouredCamera Portraitsof GirlsofAllNations

Australian-English-IrishIrish-Australian-ScotchAmerican-French-Chinese -Greek-YugoSlav-Malayan-andIndian, displayedintheCouncilAvenue entranceof VICTOR

(PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO. 672CENTRALHAYSTREET.

ForAppointmentsforChildStudies.Bridal,orGeneralPortraiture,TelephoneB4296. tersesseeseaseeeeseeeseeseeseeseas

deathforever:andtheLordshall wipeawaytearsfromevery face"(Ise.xxiv.,8).AndGod gaveaclearpromisetoHispeoplebytheprophetOsee:"Iwill deliverthemoutofthehandof death.Iwillredeemthemfrom death.0,Death!Iwillbethy death,0,Hell!Iwillbethy bite"(Osee,xiii,14).Andyet, again,intheProphetSophonias: "'WhereforeexpectMe,'saiththe Lord,inthedayofMyResurrectionthatistocome'"(Sophonias,iii.,8).Andnotonlywere theProphetstheheraldsofthe springtocome,forourDivine RedeemerHimselfforetoldHis Resurrection.YouwillrememberthatoccasionwhenJesus foretoldHiscomingPassionto HisApostlesandSt.Peter"rebuked"Himforthisword.The Gospeltellsus"thatfromthis timeJesusbegantoshowHis disciplesthatHemustgotoJerusalemandsuffermanythings andbeputtodeath,andthethird dayriseagain"(Matt.xvi.,21). Again,afterHisTransfiguration, Jesusdescendedthemountain withHisdisciples,andHechargedthemsaying:"Tellthevision tonomantilltheSonofManbe risenfromthedead"(Matt. xvii.,9).AndonthatsadjourneytoOlivetaftertheLastSupper,JesussaidtotheApostles: "Allyoushallbescandalisedin Methisnight. ButafterI shallberisenagain,Iwillgo beforeyouintoGalilee"(Matt. xxvi.,32).Andyouwillremember,too,thatafterChrist'sdeath `hechiefpriestscametoPilate, saying:"Sir,wehaveremember. edthathisseducersaid,whileHe wasyetalive,'Afterthreedays Iwillriseagain.'Command, therefore,thesepulchretobe guardeduntilthethirdday:lest, perhaps,Hisdisciplescomeand stealHimaway,andsaytothe people:'Heinrisenfromthe (lead';andV-elasterrorshallbe worsethanthefirst"(Matt. xxvii.,63.64).

AndJesusdidrisefromthe tombashadbeenforetold.The slamnew,-,hadtobeannouncedto , allmenstillintheshadowofthe darknessofdeath.AndsoHis followersbecamethewitnessesof ittoawonderingworld.Inthe firstshockofthatdreadtragedy whentheShepherdwasslainand thesheepscattered,theyseemed tohavelosttheirfaithinJesus. TheyhadseenHimdeaduponthe Cross;thejeer,"HimselfHecannotsave,"hadfoundnoanswer intheirtroubledhearts,andthe tombinthegardenheldalltheir formerhopesofHim"whoshould haveredeemedIsrasel."Their mindsweretoostunnedtorecall thewordsofprophecyandthe promisesoftheirMaster.But theirfaithwasnotdead;itlay stunnedforatimeonly,towake toanewandstrongerlife.When thegreateventcametopassand JesusstoodintheirmidstgreetingthemasofyorewithHis "Peacebetoyou,"firstadull wondercameuponthemascomes tothosewhoareawakenedfrom sleepbysomethingunexpected andstartling;thenterror,asif theysawaspirit;andthen,as wonderandterrorwerechanged toconviction,athrillofjoyand exultation,andrenewedfaith whichneverceasedtovibrate tilltheirheartswerestilledby death.Theirfaithhadpassed intoknowledge.Hewasthe Messias,forHehadrisen,from thedead.Theywentforthto proclaimthegreatnewstothe world.WhentheHolyGhosthad comeupontheApostlesSt.Peter stoodforthboldlyandpreached, "JesusofNazareth whom Godhadraiseduphavingloosed thesorrowsofhell,asitwasimpossiblethatHeshouldbeholden byit"(Actsii.,24).St.Paul hailsChristasthe"firstfruitsof themthatsleep,"andtellsthe Corinthians:"IfChristbenot risenagain,yourfaithisvain; foryouareyetinyoursins. Then,theyalsowhoarefallen asleepinChristareperished.If, inthislifeonly,wehavehopein Christ,weareofallmenthe mostmiserable"(1Cor.,xv,16et seq.).Wehavenottheadvent-

ageofthosewho"hadseenand touchedandhandledtheWordof Life."Theremembranceofthe Resurrectionwasthestimulus andconsolationoftheirlives.It filledthemwithheroism,enabling themtofacealllabours,sufferings,anddeathitself.Itexplainedthemysteryofsuffering, andtheypreached"Christcrucified,untotheJewsastumblingblockanduntotheGentilesfoolishness":fortheResurrection hadtaughtthemthatthe"foolishnessofGodiswiserthanmen, andtheweaknessofGodis strongerthanmen"(1.Cor.i.,23, 25).Donotweneedthesame help?Doesnotourfaithbecomedulledbythesadnessof lifeandtheseemingfailureof JesusChrist?Isitnothardto befilledwiththatjoyousconvictionwhichinspireswithgreat generosityandovercomesalldifficulties?SurelytheremembranceofChrist'sResurrection, andthereforeofourowncertain victoryoversinanddeathifwe aredisciplesofChrist,isthe thoughtaboveallotherswe shouldremember.Thiswasthe messageofconsolationcarried bytheApostlestothesadand ruinedworld,toraiseituptorenewedlifeandjoy.

Itisthismessagewhichthe Churchhasneverceasedto preach.Shehasmadeitthe centreofherwonderfulliturgical life,andallherfeastsandrites revolvearoundit,foritisby meansofherfestivalofEaster thatsheeachyearrecallsthis greatfactoftheResurrection.

TheLiturgy.

Wemustseehowtheliturgy oftheChurcheloquentlypreaches tomenthelessonsoftheResurrection,fillingthemwithjoyous convictionofChrist'svictory oversinanddeath,andwiththe surehopeoftheirownvictory overtheseenemiesiftheyremainloyaltotheirRedeemer.

ThelongyearsbeforethecomingoftheMessiasduringwhich men'seyeslookedanxiouslyfora Deliverer,aresetforthbythe Churchinherpenitentialseasons ofAdventandLent.Thedrama ofRedemptionisstrikinglyrePresentedintheliturgyofHoly Week.Thosewhofollowthe significantritesandinspired wordsbywhichthetragedyof Christ'sdeathiscommemorated duringthisweek,arebroughtto Calvaryandstandwithbroken heartsatthetombofthedead Christ.TosuchsoulstheliturgyofEasterisintrutharesurrection.Thegreatfestival reallycommencesintheliturgy ofHolySaturday.Inearly timestheMassofthisdaywas celebratedinthenightpreceding EasterSunday,andforathousandyearsitwasnotcustomary tooffertheHolySacrificeon Saturday,duringwhichthelifelessBodyofJesuslayinthe tomb.Bydegreesthenight Massbegantobeanticipated, andwasalwaysconsideredtobe inhonouroftheResurrection; forthejoyofthefaithfulwho knewofChrist'striumphcould nolongerberestrained.

OnHolySaturday,bydescriptiveritesandbeautifulwords, wearepreparedtoenterupon thegloriousseasonofEaster.On Eastermorningandduringthe wholeofPaschaltime,the"Vidi aquam"issungbeforetheHigh Massinsteadofthecustomary Asperges;forthisisatime fruitfulingraces,andtheChurch usesthewordsoftheProphet Ezechieltorouseustoappreciationandgratitude.Withgrati tudeshouldwerecallatthistime thesegraceswhichhavedoneso muchforus-thegracesofbaptism,bywhichwewerefreed fromoriginalsin,thegraceof penance,bywhichwehavebeen restoredtoGod'sfavour.True, indeed,arethosebeautifulwords ofthefirstPsalm:"Thejustman isplantedbytheriversofwater: hebringsforthfruitindueseason;hisleafwithersnot;and whateverhedoes,Godmakesto Prosper."IntheIntroitofthe MassourRisenSaviourcriesout tous:"Ihaverisenandamyet withyou.Thouhaststretched

forththy,handtoMe:thyknowdgeisbecomewonderful!"The lessons,joysandeventsofthis sappydayaresetforthforusin thewordsoftheMass.There St.Paulexhortsustopurgeout theoldleavenofmaliceandwickedness,andtofeastwiththeunleavenedbreadofsincerityand truth,forChrist,ourPasch,is sacrificed.Theunleavenedbread, commandedtobeusedbythe JewswhentheyeatthePaschal lamb,wasmeanttoteachthem toabandontheleavenoftheir "maliceandwickedness."Now thatourPaschissacrificedmay weduringourliveseverfeedour soulswiththeunleavenedbread ofsincerityandtruth!Inthe Gradualwehearthegladtidings:"ThisisthedaytheLord hathmade;letusbegladandrejoicetherein."Therefollowsa mostbeautifulsequence,the"Victimaepaschal,"inwhichthevictoryoftheLambisrecordedand MaryMagdalentellsuswhatshe hasseenatthesepulchre,andit endsupwithatriumphantdeclarationoffaith:"Weknowthat Christhathtrulyrisenfromthe (lead.DoThou,0Conqueror andKing,havemercyuponus!" TheGospelistheaccountofthe ResurrectiongivenbySt.Mark.

P.J.McCABE

M.P.S. (MayhewGoldMedalist)

Pharmaceutical Chemist

PrescriptionsCarefullyand AccuratelyDispensedand Delivered.

CompleteStocksofPatent Medicinesalwaysonhand. PhoneB5442

SeethisModernPharmacyfor yourself.

CORNEROFHAYAND IRWINSTS.,PERTH

Perhapstheseexamplesfromthe LiturgyofEaster,scantasthey are,willshowyouhowthe ChurchofGodpreachestothis worldofsinanddeaththegreat truthoftheResurrection.Is thereanytruthweneedmorein ourownlivesoftemptationand sadness,duringwhichthecurse ofdeathseemstobeuponallwe striveafterandhopefor?What encouraginglessons,whatjoyof heartmaywenotgainbylisteningtothevoiceoftheChurch, followingherguidanceandstudyingthatwonderfulsettingforth ofthelife,death,andResurrectionofJesusChristintheliturgy?Byfollowingitwelive thelifeoftheChurch;wegain thetrueChristianfeelingforthe Incarnation,andwearebrou:.t intoclosetouchwithJesusr,te, self.DuringPaschaltime,i.e., fromEastertotheendofPentecost,wearekeptwiththe Apostles.Wearepresentwhen Jesusvisitsthemduringthe fortydayswhichHespenton earthbeforeHisAscension.We spendthosetendaysofprepara- tionforPentecostwithMary andtheApostles,andwiththem receivethecrowninggraceofthe Paraclete,theSpiritwhom Jesussenttobeourcomforter.

WeSolicitaTrial fromallReligiousInstitutions

Noordertoobigortoosmall. Wecansupplyeveryneedifatallmanufactured.

SELLINGAGENTSFOR-TANDACOPRODUCTS, TABALDI,SALAMI,andMORTADELLA.

GIVEYOURNEXTORDERTOSARA&COOK LTD.

WholesaleGrocersand ProvisionMerchants

PHONEB5121.

482to484

MURRAYSTREET-PERTH

AIM.31.33131136300300.16311001.16.1301

N.C.R.M.

CANADIANBISHOPSDE CLAREFORLANDSETTLEMENT.

AjointpastoraloftheHierarchyoftheProvinceofQuebec directedpublicattentiontothe pressingneedforalong-range settlementplanwherebysome 10,000,000acresofarableland nowavailableinQuebecmightbe openeduptoprovidenewhomes onthelandfor100,000families. Inaddition,itispointedoutthere areavailablethousandsofvacant sectionsinsettlementareasat readyopenedup.

Purposeofthisplanwouldbe toprovidetheyoungpeopleof Quebecwiththe"vitalspace whichwouldpermitthemto foundahomeandtoremainon thelandwhichtheymustto-day leavebecauseofthelackof available'landsintheoldparishes.

"Theremustbeanewaproach tothisproblem,"thePastoral says."Itmustnotbeconsideredmerelyasatransitoryeffort torelieveunemploymentora passingcrisis.Itmustbeconsideredapermanentworkoflong range,aworkdestinedtomeet thedifficultproblemoftheestablishmentofourpopulation."

Thepastoralpointsoutthat theneedofcolonisationisapressingproblemwhichshouldinterestpublicleadersofStateand Church.Inthepast"public opinionhasnotalwaysattached enoughimportancetosettlement whichoftenhasbeendecried underpretextthatitcoststoo muchtothepublicpurseandreturnstoolittletothecountry," theBishopswrite,addingthatbecauseofthelackoflong-range planninginthepastinthedirectionoffamiliestonewareas, "ourpeoplehavehadtotakethe roadtoexileorthepathtothe largecities."

Bytakingactiontobringabout large-scalesettlement,"weare workingtore-establishthesocial andeconomic,equilibrium,"the Bishopswrite.Suchactionwould alsofacilitateobediencetothe lawoffecundityimposedbythe Creator.Theopeningupofnew greatareaswouldassurethesettlers,togetherwithpossessionof theland,economicstability,and aspacevitallynecessaryforconservation,forgrowth,andforas perfectutilisationaspossibleof humancapital,theyexplain.

Underpresentconditionsthe oldparishesareunabletoabsorb thesurplusfromthenatural growthoftheruralpopulation, thepastoralcontinues.There arealsomanywhohavebeenattractedtothecities,whoare eagertoreturntothelandifproperfacilitieswereavailable,and therearethewarveterans, amongwhommanywouldliketo settleontheland.Together withtheopeningupofnewcolor.isationareas,theBishopsurged thatconsiderationalsobegiven tothediffusionofsmallindustries,whichareintimatelylinked withrurallife,ratherthanhave suchindustriesconcentratedin largecentres.

Pointingoutthatthefamilyis thesocialcellparexcellenceand constitutesanation'sgreatest wealth,theBishopswrite:

"Acountrywhichfavoursthe multiplicationofstrongfamilies enrichesitselfandstrenghtens socialpeace.Thecountrymore thanthecitypermitsthebirth anddevelopmentofnumerous andstrongfamilies.Thefactory,workshop,storeandoffice dispersethefamily;theyweakenitandsometimesfinishby dryingupitsfecundity.Thedevelopmentofafarm,onthecontrary,thankstothestrictcollaborationwhichisnecessaryfrom eachofitsmembers,unites homes."

TheBishopsdeclarethatit thereforebehovesalltoseetothe multiplicationofsuchhomes.To dothisnewareasmustbeopenedupandtheoldareasmustbe completed.-From"RuralLife."

GalaEasterCarnival

HighgateTennis Club

LastThursdaynight,March20, theclubheldanotherofitspopulartennisnights.Theweather wasidealforit,andthemembersturnedupinfullforce.

Theentriesfortheannualclub tournamentclosedonSunday, March30.Thefirstmatches startonSaturday,April12,at2 p.m.Membersarereminded thatthedrawforthematches willappearattheWimbledon SportsDepotonThursday,April 10.Anypersonnotatthecourts whenrequiredforplayhastoforfeithisorhermatches.

Theclub'snextcommittee meetingisonWednesday,April 9.Asthisisanimportantmeeting,allcommitteemembersare requestedtoattend.

OvertheEastertheclub'sactivitywillbesomewhatquiet,as apartyofclubmembersaregoingtotheBridgetowntournament,somearegoingtoKatan ning,andquiteafewhavedecidedtospendEasteratKing's ParkparticipatingintheState championships.

Theclub'snextnighttennis willbepostponed,asitisHoly Thursday.

Lastweek-endsawaverygood roll-upofmembers,bothonSaturdayandSundayafternoon. Lotsofmembersarepreparing themselvesfortheclub'sannual tournament.

Themen'schampionshipdoubleshaspromiseofbeingan eventwhichwillproducegood andinterestingtennis.Watchingthedifferentcombinationsat practice,onewouldnotliketo forecastthewinners.

Personalities.

Seeingthatthecourtscould dowthsomerain,lastweek-end "JoeandLionel"tookpartina tossingduel,toseewhatthey coulddoaboutit.Onoccasions theballwentoutofsightfor quitesometime.Whenthese twoplayersareopposedtoone anotherlobbingisalwaysthe orderoftheday.

Most,discussedtopiclastweekendwastheclub'ssuccessfulbarbecueheldatPt.Walter.

Theclubisveryfortunatein havingsuchanenergeticpresident.Heiscertainlyleaving nostoneunturnedtoseethatthe clubhasanotherbumperyear.He alwaysseemstobeworkingfor theclub'sinterest.

Noindicationhasyetbeengivenhowtheladies'doubleswillbe pairedforthetournament.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

ExecutiveMeeting:Wednesday,April9,at1.30p.m.

GeneralMeeting:Wednesday, April9,at2.30p.m.

Nedlandsbranchmembersare hostesses.

Nedlandsbranchmembersare holdingacardpartyatSt.Theresa'sHall,Tyrell-street,Nedlands,onFridayevening,April 11.Allwelcome.

Theannualsaleofworkwill beheldintheLeagueRooms, NestleHouse,onFridayafternoonandevening,April18.

DonationstotheDistressed EuropeanPriests'Fundinclude: Anonymous(leftatrooms),£3; Mrs.Wyatt,10s;Mrs.Leen,10s; E.C.S.,5s.;Mrs.O'Neill,10s.

Fifty-nineparcelshavebeen senttoEurope.

TheCatholicWomen'sLeague isassistingtheRedCrossAppeal.Already350garmentshave beenhandedin.Anydonations, wool,clothing,neworsecondhand,maybeleftattheLeague rooms,NestleHouse,everyWednesday.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

RACINGSELECTIONS

By"THEHAWK." W.A.T.C.

Saturday,April5,1947.

PadburyHandicap:Valdavian, I;Olymba,;BaffetPlate,3. JuniorHandicap:Westralian, 1;PrinceElite,2;Agricup,3. WittenoomStakes:Nullabung, 1;GayTreat,2;Pantheist,3. EncourageHandicap:Aero,1; Sad.Wells,2;Virgo,3. EasterMite:Cherbourg,1;Pandennis,2;MerryImp,3.

RiverWelter(2):L.Constance, 1;Cappamore,2;Coomberdale, 3. RiverWelter,(1):Lapislazuli, 1;MissBeau,2;Distinction3.

EasterCup:Nullabung,1;Nil, 2;GayTreat,3. TROTTING.

EasterHandicap(7):Merimba, 1;Newcourt,2;BlackFairy,3. EasterHandicap(8):Strettanex,1;Beauvista,2;Valley Gem,S. EasterHandicap(9):Corinthian,1;VistaRibbons,2;Lady Mandalup,3. EasterHandicap(10):Prejudice,1;MissMavieta,2;Lady Guess,3. EasterCup:StormyWeather, 1;ParaDerby,2;KingWalla,3. EasterHandicap(11):Dallingwood,1;Willair,2;Broad Chimes,3. EasterHandicap(12):Wilfred'sWonder,1;RulingMaid, 2;Arabson,8.

Y.C.W.INTERNATIONALCONGRESS.

Delegatesfrom48countriesare expectedtoattendanInternationalStudyWeekoftheJocist (YoungChristianWorkers) movement,tobeheldatMontreal fromJune3to28,1947,itwas announcedatthemeetingofthe NationalCouncilofCanadian (JeunesseOuvriereCatholique),heldatMontrealonDecember7and8.TheInternationalStudyWeekwillprecede theNationalConventionofthe movementscheduledforJune29, ontheoccasionofits15th.anniversary.

Thegrowingimportanceofthe JocistmovementwasdemonstratedattheNationalCouncilmeetingbythepresenceofdelegates from14diocesesintheProvinces ofQuebec,Ontario,andNew Brunswick.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

ThenextGuildmeetingwillbe heldintheCatholicTennisAssociationroom,BectonHouse,2nd. floor,onTuesday,April8.Membersareremindedthattheyare expectedtobepresentat8 o'clockMassattheCathedralon NewmanSunday,April13.

THESCAPULAR

April/Mayissue(nowonsale)ineludes:Firstshortstoryby youthfulAuthoressofbestseller,"ThisOtherEden," CATHERINEGASKIN, AndTheVoiceofFatima,beginningadetailedaccountofthe Apparitions.

AnnualSubscription:3/6(postedinAustralia).SingleCopies, 6d.(lid.)20copiesormoreatwholesalerate.

Orderfrom:NATIONALSCAPULARHEADQUARTERS,75 WRIGHTSTREET,MIDDLEPARK,S.C.6,VICTORIAAUSTRALIA. NUMBER "Ilisteric1-lemelenaSerics

MeetingtobeheldTuesday, April15,at2.30p.m.Allmembersareaskedtobringgiftsfor stallforsaleofwork.

THEWISDOMOFCATS.

Catsarenotspasmodic.They catchmicebecausetheywaitfor them.Patiencepays.Havea ticketeveryweekintheCharitiesConsultation.Firstprizeis £3,000.No.359Consultationis open.

1LACIAV0011 Bridcleown....85,CD

thethrivingappleindustryoftheSouthWestcom. mencedinthe whenEdwardGodfreyHester plantedthefirstappleorchardat

PolandisstillthetestofWesterncivilisationandsignificanthighlightsoftherecent"elections"arestillcoming tohand.Recentcablesreportthatmorethan50,000persons-membersofthePcasant Party-whowerearrestedbeforeJanuary"elections"havenowbeenreleased. Thisiscommentaryenoughonthe"freeexpressionofthe people'swill"onwhichBritainandAmericahadinsisted.

Furthermore,Mr.ArthurBlisslastweekresignedfrom hispositionasU.S.AmbassadortoPoland.Inaletterto PresidentTruman,Mr.BlisssaidthePolishelections werenotfreeandthepre-electionperiodhadbeencharacterisedbycoercionandviolence,indicatingthePolish Government'scynicaldisregardofitsinternationalobligations.

"IftheChurchwantsafight shewillhaveit."Thesewords wereaddressedbyVice-Minister Wolski,ofPoland'sMinistryof PublicAdministration,toMgr. Choromansky,secretaryofthe PolishHierarchy,atapre-electionconferencecalledbytheProvisionalGovernment.

Thechallengeandpre-election manoeuvrestodiscreditthe ChurchinPolandaredisclosedin anauthenticdocumentwhichhas becomeavailableinWashington andissyndicatedbyNCWCNews Service.

Theconferencewascalledafter theBishopshadsubmitteda memorandumtotheGovernment listingwrongspractisedagainst theChurchbytheBierutregime.

AtSt.Joseph'sConvent,Fres, mantle,onthe19th.ult.,theVery Rev.Dr.Kennedy,representing HisGrace,officiatedattheceremoniesofProfessionandReception.

ThenoviceprofessedwasSisterMaryRose,eldestdaughterof Mr.andMrs.G.Duckett,ofMt. Barker;thepostulantswhoreceivedthereligioushabitwere MissShirleyHiggins(Sister MaryElizabeth),onlydaughter ofMr.andMrs.Higgins,ofBea. consfield,andMissMaureenRattigan(SisterMaryJuliana), youngestdaughterofMr.andthe lateMrs.Rattigan,ofWest Perth.

DuringtheceremonyRev. FatherBreslin,0.M.I..addressed theyoungladies.

Choosingashistext:"Ifthou wiltbeperfectgosellwhatthou bastandgivetothepoor,and thoushalthavetreasureinHeaven....ComefollowMe,"Father Breslinsaidthatitwasavery happydayforallofthem,for theSisterwhomadehervows, fortheInstituteshejoined,and fortheChurchofGod.Itwas ajoyfuloccasionfortheSister herself,becausehenceforthshe wouldbelongtoGod.Shewould wearthebridalrobeofthe spouseofChrist.Fromthat dayhenceforthshewouldwear Hiscrossuponherbreast,she wouldbelongtoHimandHeto her,entirelyandcompletely.It wasaneventonwhichshewould lookbackinthelongdaysGod mightgiveher.Itwasalsoa red-letter(layinthelifeofthe ChurchofGod,becausereligious havebeenaptlycalled"lightning conductors.""Lookout,"said thepreacher,"atSt.Patrick's beautifulchurch,thatmasterpieceofarchitecture;youwill findasteelrodgoingupthrough theturrets.Periodicallyinelectricstormsthelightningcomes anddestroysbeautifulbuildings, burningupandblightinghuman livesandproperty;thatlightning conductorwardsoffdestruction fromourbeautifuledifice.Religioushavebeencomparedto thelightningconductorswhere God'swrathisconcerned.

Theworldasitgrowsolderis notgettingbetter.Asthehumanracegoesonitdoesnotimprove.Peopleseemtobecome worse,andsoourHolyMother Churchstandsto-daymorein needthaneverofgeneroussouls whobytheirprayersandsacrificewillaverttheangerofGod fromtherestofus."

Vice-MinisterWolskiobtained acopyoftheBishops'pastoral letteronelectoraldutiesfrom Mgr.Choromansky. AfterconsultingGovernment leadersWolskireturned.

TheHiearachy,hesaid,must cancelthereadingofitordelete certainpassages,which,itwas claimed,wereaninducementto CatholicstovoteagainsttheGovernmentbloc.

ItwaswhenMgr.ChoromanskydemurredthatWolskithrew outthechallenge.

Aggressive.

Furthereffortstodiscussthe Church-Staterelationship,he added,wouldbeimpossible.

Afterthepastoralhadbeen published,amemberofthePolishCabinetwasquotedassayingthattheletterwasadeclarationofwar.

Hesaidthat"theBishopsclassifyusasatheistsandenemies ofChristianityinordertoinfluencethecommonmantogivehis votetoMikolajczyk.

"Beingattacked,weshall strikeback."

PresidentBierutspokeoutin thesameveinonOctober30,saying:

"Forthreeyearswehaveabstainedfromastrugglewiththe clergy.Nowweseethatthis practicebringsthewrongresults,

"Inthefacethereforeofthe factthattheclergyisattemptingtomobiliseallreactionary forcesagainstus,itisourduty tostrengthenourselvesandtake theaggressiveattitude."

PoliceCheck.

Thisandotherpassagesofhis speechwhichtoucheduponthe ChurchwereomittedinPressreports.

ReferringtotheattemptbyCatholicgroupstoformaCatholic Partytoparticipateintheelections,thedocumentdescribesthe conditionslaiddownbytheGovernmenttoorganisers:

Co-operationwiththeCommunistPartyinthepreparation ofacoalitionlistofcandidates whichwouldgivetheCatholics50 seats-atthemost-inparliament,asagainst444forthe Communists,publicoppositionto Mikolajczyk'sparty,recognition andsupportofSoviet-Polishrelations,abstentionfrominterferencewiththeCommunisteconomicandsocialprogramme.

Inaddition,Catholicpartyorganisersweretoldthatthepoliticalpolicewouldhavetocheck pastrecordsandstatementsof allwhowouldplayanimportant partinthegroup,especiallythose whosenamesweretobeplaced ontheelectorallists. Reversal.

Thedocumentalsotoucheson thereversalinCommunisttacticslastsummer.

AslateasJuly,thePolish CommunistPartycentralcommitteehelditsmemberstoapolicyofapparentconciliationtowardstheChurch,advisingthem totakepartinreligiousfunctions,especiallythemorepublic ones,andtorefrainfromattackingtheChurch.

ButonAugust3acircular wasissuedadvisingmembers thattheChurchwas"completelyinsupportofPolishreactionaries."andthattheyshoulddo

Religiousare"LightningConductors" toAvertWrathofGod

StrikingAddressatFremantle ofProfession

Itwasalsoaveryimportant dayinthelifeoftheCongrega- tion;tothatCongregationhad beenentrustedveryimportant workbytheChurchofGod,and theCatholiceducationandformationofchildren,andonthatday thatCongregationreceivedanactive,willingandgenerouslabourer.Thenewlyprofessedwould neverregretthesacrificeshe madethatday.NineteenhurltlredyearsagoChristgavethe invitationtothemanwhowantedtobecomeperfect."Come followMe."OurDivineLord didnotcommand,itwasaninvi. tation.OurDivineLordsaid longago,"IfyouloveMe,keep Mycommandments,"butareligiousobeyednotonlyHiscommandsbutHisinvitation.AreligiouswasaCatholicwhosaid "tobegoodisnotenoughfor me,Iwanttobeperfect;Iknow IamGod'spropertyandeverythinghasbeengivenmefrom God,antiIwanttobeentirely His.Iwantthatheartofmine tobelongcompletelytoJesus Christ."

Welivedinanagethatwas veryfondoftalking.Inreligiousmattersasinotheraffairs,it wasactionwewanted,noteloquence.Itwasdeedsandnot talkthatcounted.Inthereligiouslifeweprovedourwords.To becomeareligiousitwasnot enoughtosay"IloveGod";one mustproveitbytakingthree vows,andthreevowsthatbound undersin.Thereligiousnot onlypromisedtobechaste,poor andobedient,butsheboundherselfundersintobesuch.She madearealsacrifice.

Theword"love"wasamuch abusedword-themeasureand testoflovewassacrifice.What werewewillingtodo? What werewewillingtosacrificefor ourideal?Thenewly-professed Sistersacrificedeverything,the

dearestthingahumanbeinghas, herownwill.Shehadgivenup earthlygoods.Theshoesonher feetwouldnotbehers.She wouldfollowOurDivineLord, shewouldleadthelifeofpoverty,butthatwasnotthegreatestsacrifice,norwaschastity. Thegreatestsacrificeahuman, beingcouldmakewasthesacrificeofhisownwill.Toriseat atimeappointed,toeatfoodselectedbysomeoneelse,evento prayattimesprescribedandnot atone'swhim;toworkatsomethingchosenbysomeoneelse,and todothatnotforonedayora month,butforalifetime.Truly thatwasanobleandgenerous sacrifice.Allovertheworld peoplefoundithardtomakethat sacrifice,butAustraliansfound itpeculiarlyhardbecauseoftheir temperament.Theiroutstanding characteristicwasindependence.

Itwasaverymarkedtraitinthe Australianthat"Jackisasgood ashismaster."Independence wasintheveryairwebreathed, andsoitwaspeculiarlyhardfor Australianstomakethatvowof obedience,becausetheessenceof thatvowwassubmission.Andit isnotinthemakingthevows. butinthekeepingofthemthat theloveofsacrificecamein.The newSisterhadmadethatvow ofobedienceandweaskedourselveswhydidshedoit?The peopleoftheworldwouldsayshe waswastinghertime.Whydid shewanttoshutherselfinaconvent?Hertalentswereneeded intheworld.Well,therewasa verysimpleanswer.Shedidit fortheloveofJesusChrist. Therewasnobetterlifethanthe oneHelivedonearth.Hislife wasalifeofobedience,poverty, andchastity.Shewantedtobe inthatinnercircleofHis friends;tobegoodwasnot enough,shewantedtobeperfect.Shewishednottogive Himsomething,buttogiveHim

Ceremony

everything;itwasloveofChrist thathasbroughtherthere.

Shehadbegunherreligious lifeofsacrificeonaveryauspiciousday,becauseshehadbegunitonthefeastdayofthe greatSt.Joseph.ShehadenteredhisCongregation,shewould becalleda"Josephite,"had madehervowsonhisfeastday.

allintheirpowertodiscredit theChurchandtheclergy.

ThreedaysbeforethiscircularappearedtheChurchposition wasdiscussedatameetingofthe CommunistPartyPolitbureauin Warsaw.

Aprogrammewasapproved mentioningabolitionofBishops' conferencesandpastoralvisits, impositionofheavytaxesupon theChurch,prohibitionofany "political"sermonsbypriests, restrictionsonthenumberofseminarians,andothermeasures.

DuringAugusttheUB(Polish politicalpolice)intensifiedtheir surveillanceoftheclergy.

Informers.

Localunitsweredirectedto surroundeachpriestwithaccusersandinformers,recruiting thesepersonsfromamongorgan- ists,sacristansandhouse-servants.

Informerswerealsotobeplacedinseminariesandreligious houses.

EmphasiswasplacedinCommunistdirectivesuponthenecessityforarousingdisunityinthe Church,givingprotectiontoany priestswhomightindicateatendencytocollaborate,andprovidingeffectivesupportfortheactivitiesofthe"NationalChurch" andotherdissidentsects.

"ToyouandtheotherSisters whohaveenteredtheNovitiate thismorning,"concludedthe preacher,"totheNoviceswho havecometoseeifthe'Lordis sweet,'tothemthismorningwe offerourcongratulationsandassuranceofourprayersthatSt. Joseph,thepatronofyourCongregation,willobtainforthe threeofyouthegraceofperseveranceinhisservice;so,on behalfoftheVeryRev.Dr.Ken. nedy,whoisrepresentingHis Grace,onbehalfoftheFathers present,onbehalfoftheCommunityandyourfriends,wewish youGod'sblessing,andwehope andpraythatyouwillbewhat youyourselvesdesiretobeGod'sreligious."

Presentattheceremonywere Rev.Dr.Collins,RevFather Conway,0.M.I.,Rev.Father Hogan,whoassistedRev.Dr. Kennedy,andalargegathering ofrelativesandfriends,who wereentertainedbytheSisters ofSt.JosephoftheApparition.

ReceivesAwardFromHarveianSociety

Dr.MichaelKellyhasbeen awardedtheBuckstonBrowne Prizefor1946(Empirecompetition)givenbytheHarveianSocietyofLondonforresearchin rheumaticdisease.

Dr.Kelly,ofIvanhoe,Victoria, hasbeenworkingwithProfessor SunderlandattheAnatomyDepartmentunderagrantfromthe NationalHealthandMedicalResearchCouncilsincethebeginningof1946.

Dr.KellycomesfromawellknownCatholicfamilyinSouth Australia.Hisfather,thelate Mr.M.A.Kelly,wasaleading CatholiclaymaninSouthAustralia;hisuncle,thelateArchdeaconP.L.Kelly,beingone theearlieststudentsofSt.Patrick's,Manly,andparishpriest ofPortLincolnfornearly4o years.Dr.Kelly'sbrother,Rev. FatherPatrickKelly,oneofthe firstpriestsfromCorpusChristi, isnoweditorofthe"Southern Cross"inAdelaide.Dr.Kelly hasonesister(SisterMaryIgnatius)atSt.Aloysius'Convent ofMercyinAdelaide,andanother,DameMaryPatricia,of BenedictineMonastery,Lawson, N.S.W.Hisbrotherisstill livingatNorthAdelaide.

Dr.Kellywaseducatedat C.B.C.,Wakefield-street,Ade-

laide,andcameundertheinfluenceofthatgreateducationist, BrotherD.G.Purton(nowatSt. Patrick's,Ballarat).Following abrilliantscholasticcareer,he graduatedinmedicineatAdelaide University,andpractisedatBunbury,WestAustralia,forten years.Hetookaprominentpart inCatholiccirclesinWestAustralia,andforseveralyearscontributedaweeklyarticleon foreignnewsto"TheRecord." Duringthewarheservedinthe army,andwhilsttherebecame particularlyinterestedinrheumaticdiseases.Heobtainedhis M.D.(Adelaide)in1945,submittingathesisonneuritis.

HisBuckstonBrowneprizewinningessayembodieswork (loneinWestAustraliaandpresentsrevolutionary'viewsofrhematismasprimarilyadiseaseof thenervoussystem.Atpresent Dr.KellyisengagedwithProfessorSunderlandinworkoninjuriestonerves,asubjectwhich overlapscertainaspectsofrheumaticdisease(neuritis)andcan beusedasatestinggroundfor thenewtheory.

Dr.andMrs.Kellyhavefive childrenthreeboysareattendingXavierandagirlisatMandevilleHall,Melbourne.

DPOLAND'SCHA casiiligti..pdic

PolandisstillthetestofWesterncivilisationandsignificanthighlightsoftherecent"elections"arestillcoming tohand.Recentcablesreportthatmorethan50,000persons-memhersofthePeasantParty-whowerearrestedbeforeJanuary"elections"havenowbeenreleased.

Thisiscommentaryenoughonthe"freeexpressionofthe people'swill"onwhichBritainandAmericahadinsisted.

Furthermore,Mr.ArthurBlisslastweekresignedfrom hispositionasU.S.AmbassadortoPoland.Inaletterto PresidentTruman,Mr.BlisssaidthePolishelections werenotfreeandthepre-electionperiodhadbeencharacterisedbycoercionandviolence,indicatingthePolish Government'scynicaldisregardofitsinternationalobligations.

"IftheChurchwantsafight shewillhaveit."Thesewords wereaddressedbyVice-Minister Wolski.ofPoland'sMinistryof PublicAdministration,toMgr. Choromansky,secretaryofthe PolishHierarchy,atapre-electionconferencecalledbytheProvisionalGovernment.

Thechallengeandpre-election manoeuvrestodiscreditthe ChurchinPolandaredisclosedin anauthenticdocumentwhichhas becomeavailableinWashington andissyndicatedbyNCWCNews Service.

Theconferencewascalledafter theBishopshadsubmitteda memorandumtotheGovernment listingwrongspractisedagainst theChurchbytheBierutregime.

AtSt.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle,onthe19th.ult.,theVery Rev.Dr.Kennedy,representing HisGrace,officiatedattheceremoniesofProfessionandReception.

ThenoviceprofessedwasSisterMaryRose,eldestdaughterof Mr.andMrs.G.Duckett,ofMt. Barker;thepostulantswhoreceivedthereligioushabitwere MissShirleyHiggins(Sister MaryElizabeth),onlydaughter ofMr.andMrs.Higgins,ofBeaconsfield,andMissMaureenRattigan(SisterMaryJuliana), youngestdaughterofMr.andthe lateMrs.Rattigan,ofWest Perth.

DuringtheceremonyRev. FatherBreslin,O.M.I.,addressed theyoungladies.

Choosingashistext:"Ifthou wiltbeperfectgosellwhatthou haltandgivetothepoor,and thoushalthavetreasureinHeeyen..ComefollowMe,"Father Breslinsaidthatitwasavery happydayforallofthem,for theSisterwhomadehervows, fortheInstituteshejoined,and fortheChurchofGod.Itwas ajoyfuloccasionfortheSister herself,becausehenceforthshe wouldbelongtoGod.Shewould wearthebridalrobeofthe spouseofChrist.Fromthat dayhenceforthshewouldwear Hiscrossuponherbreast,she wouldbelongtoHimandHeto her,entirelyandcompletely.It wasaneventonwhichshewould lookbackinthelongdaysGod mightgiveher.Itwasalsoa red-letterdayinthelifeofthe ChurchofGod,becausereligious havebeenaptlycalled"lightning conductors.""Lookout,"said thepreacher,"atSt.Patrick's beautifulchurch,thatmasterpieceofarchitecture;youwill findasteelrodgoingupthrough theturrets.Periodicallyinelectricstormsthelightningcomes anddestroysbeautifulbuildings, burningupandblightinghuman livesandproperty;thatlightning conductorwardsoffdestruction fromourbeautifuledifice.Religioushavebeencomparedto thelightningconductorswhere God'swrathisconcerned.

Theworldasitgrowsolderis notgettingbetter.Asthehumanracegoesonitdoesnotimprove.Peopleseemtobecome worse,andsoourHolyMother Churchstandsto-daymorein needthaneverofgeneroussouls whobytheirprayersandsacrificewillaverttheangerofGod fromtherestofus."

Vice-MinisterWolskiobtained acopyoftheBishops'pastoral letteronelectoraldutiesfrom Mgr.Choromansky.

AfterconsultingGovernment leadersWolskireturned.

TheHiearachy,hesaid,must cancelthereadingofitordelete certainpassages,which,itwas claimed,wereaninducementto CatholicstovoteagainsttheGovernmentbloc.

ItwaswhenMgr.ChoromanskydemurredthatWolskithrew outthechallenge.

Aggressive.

Furthereffortstodiscussthe Church-Staterelationship,he added,wouldbeimpossible.

Afterthepastoralhadbeen published,amemberofthePolishCabinetwasquotedassayingthattheletterwasadeclarationofwar.

Hesaidthat"theBishopsclassifyusasatheistsandenemies ofChristianityinordertoinfluencethecommonmantogivehis votetoMikolajczyk.

"Beingattacked,weshall strikeback."

PresidentBierutspokeoutin thesameveinonOctober30,saying:

"Forthreeyearswehaveabstainedfromastrugglewiththe clergy.Nowweseethatthis practicebringsthewrongre- sults..

"Inthefacethereforeofthe factthattheclergyisattempt- ingtomobiliseallreactionary forcesagainstus,itisourduty tostrengthenourselvesandtake theaggressiveattitude." PoliceCheck.

Thisandotherpassagesofhis speechwhichtoucheduponthe ChurchwereomittedinPressreports.

ReferringtotheattemptbyCatholicgroupstoformaCatholic PartytoparticipateintheelecCons,thedocumentdescribesthe conditionslaiddownbytheGovernmenttoorganisers:

Co-operationwiththeCommunistPartyinthepreparation ofacoalitionlistofcandidates whichwouldgivetheCatholics50 seats-atthemost-inparliament,asagainst444forthe Communists,publicoppositionto Mikolajczyk'sparty,recognition andsupportofSoviet-Polishrelations,abstentionfrominterferencewiththeCommunisteconomicandsocialprogramme.

Inaddition,Catholicpartyorganisersweretoldthatthepollticalpolicewouldhavetocheck pastrecordsandstatementsof allwhowouldplayanimportant partinthegroup,especiallythose whosenamesweretobeplaced ontheelectorallists.

Reversal.

Thedocumentalsotoucheson thereversalinCommunisttacticslastsummer.

AslateasJuly,thePolish CommunistPartycentralcommitteehelditsmemberstoapolicyofapparentconciliationtowardstheChurch,advisingthem totakepartinreligiousfunctions,especiallythemorepublic ones,andtorefrainfrom attack. ing theChurch.

ButonAugust3acircular wasissuedadvisingmembers thattheChurchwas"completelyinsupportofPolishreactionaries,"andthattheyshoulddo

Religiousare"LightningConductors" toAvertWrathofGod

StrikingAddressatFremantle ofProfession

Itwasalsoaveryimportant dayinthelifeoftheCongregation;tothatCongregationhad beenentrustedveryimportant workbytheChurchofGod,and theCatholiceducationandformationofchildren,andonthatday thatCongregationreceivedanactive,willingandgenerouslabourer.Thenewlyprofessedwould neverregretthesacrificeshe madethatday.NineteenhundredyearsagoChristgavethe invitationtothemanwhowantedtobecomeperfect."Come followMe."OurDivineLord didnotcommand,itwasaninvitation.OurDivineLordsaid longago,"IfyouloveMe,keep Mycommandments,"butareligiousobeyednotonlyHiscommandsbutHisinvitation.AreligiouswasaCatholicwhosaid "tobegoodisnotenoughfor me,Iwanttobeperfect;Iknow IamGod'spropertyandeverythinghasbeengivenmefrom God,andIwanttobeentirely His.Iwantthatheartofmine tobelongcompletelytoJesus Christ."

Welivedinanagethatwas veryfondoftalking.Inreligiousmattersasinotheraffairs,it wasactionwewanted,noteloquence.Itwasdeedsandnot talkthatcounted.Inthereligiouslifeweprovedourwords.To becomeareligiousitwasnot enoughtosay"IloveGod";one mustproveitbytakingthree vows,andthreevowsthatbound undersin.Thereligiousnot onlypromisedtobechaste,poorandobedient,butsheboundherselfundersintobesuch.She madearealsacrifice.

Theword"love"wasamuch abusedword-themeasureand testoflovewassacrifice.What werewewillingtodo?What werewewillingtosacrificefor ourideal?Thenewly-professed Sistersacrificedeverything,the

dearestthingahumanbeinghas, herownwill.Shehadgivenup earthlygoods.Theshoesonher feetwouldnotbehers.She wouldfollowOurDivineLord, shewouldleadthelifeofpoverty,butthatwasnotthegreatestsacrifice,norwaschastity. Thegreatestsacrificeahuman beingcouldmakewasthesacrificeofhisownwill.Toriseat atimeappointed,toeatfoodselectedbysomeoneelse,evento prayattimesprescribedandnot atone'swhim;toworkatsomethingchosenbysomeoneelse,and todothatnotforonedayora month,butforalifetime.Truly thatwasanobleandgenerous sacrifice.Allovertheworld peoplefoundithardtomakethat sacrifice,butAustraliansfound itpeculiarlyhardbecauseoftheir temperament.Theiroutstanding characteristicwasindependence.

Itwasaverymarkedtraitinthe Australianthat"Jackisasgood ashismaster."Independence wasintheveryairwebreathed, andsoitwaspeculiarlyhardfor Australianstomakethatvowof obedience,becausetheessenceof thatvowwassubmission.Andit isnotinthemakingthevows. butinthekeepingofthemthat theloveofsacrificecamein.The newSisterhadmadethatvow ofobedienceandweaskedourselveswhydidshedoit?The peopleoftheworldwouldsayshe waswastinghertime.Whydid shewanttoshutherselfinaconvent?Hertalentswereneeded intheworld.Well,therewasa verysimpleanswer.Shedidit fortheloveofJesusChrist. Therewasnobetterlifethanthe oneHelivedonearth.Hislife wasalifeofobedience,poverty, andchastity.Shewantedtobe inthatinnercircleofHis friends;tobegoodwasnot enough,shewantedtobeperfect.Shewishednottogive Himsomething,buttogiveHim

Ceremony

everything;itwasloveofChrist thathasbroughtherthere.

Shehadbegunherreligious lifeofsacrificeonaveryauspiciousday,becauseshehadbegunitonthefeastdayofthe greatSt.Joseph.ShehadenteredhisCongregation,shewould becalleda"Josephite,"had madehervowsonhisfeastday.

allintheirpowertodiscredit theChurchandtheclergy.

ThreedaysbeforethiscircularappearedtheChurchposition wasdiscussedatameetingofthe CommunistPartyPolitbureauin Warsaw.

Aprogrammewasapproved mentioningabolitionofBishops' conferencesandpastoralvisits, impositionofheavytaxesupon theChurch,prohibitionofany "political"sermonsbypriests, restrictionsonthenumberofseminarians,andothermeasures.

DuringAugusttheUB(Polishpoliticalpolice)intensifiedtheir surveillanceoftheclergy. Informers.

Localunitsweredirectedto surroundeachpriestwithaccusersandinformers,recruiting these ists,personsfromamongorgansacristansandhouse-servants.

Informerswerealsotobeplacedinseminariesandreligious houses.

EmphasiswasplacedinCommunistdirectivesuponthenecessityforarousingdisunityinthe Church,givingprotectiontoany priestswhomightindicateatendencytocollaborate,andprovid. ingeffectivesupportfortheactivitiesofthe"NationalChurch" andotherdissidentsects.

"ToyouandtheotherSisters whohaveenteredtheNovitiate thismorning,"concludedthe preacher,"totheNoviceswho havecometoseeifthe'Lordis sweet,'tothemthismorningwe offerourcongratulationsandassuranceofourprayersthatSt. Joseph,thepatronofyourCongregation,willobtainforthe threeofyouthegraceofperseveranceinhisservice;so,on behalfoftheVeryRev.Dr.Kennedy,whoisrepresentingHis Grace,onbehalfoftheFathers present,onbehalfoftheCommunityandyourfriends,wewish youGod'sblessing,andwehope andpraythatyouwillbewhat youyourselvesdesiretobeGod'sreligious."

Presentattheceremonywere Rev.Dr.Collins,RevFather Conway. Rev.Father Hogan,whoassistedRev.Dr. Kennedy,andalargegathering ofrelativesandfriends,who wereentertainedbytheSisters ofSt.JosephoftheApparition.

ReceivesAwardFromHarveianSociety

Dr.MichaelKellyhasbeen awardedtheBuckstonBrowne Prizefor1946(Empirecompetition)givenbytheHarveianSocietyofLondonforresearchin rheumaticdisease.

Dr.Kelly,ofIvanhoe,Victoria, hasbeenworkingwithProfessor SunderlandattheAnatomyDepartmentunderagrantfromthe NationalHealthandMedicalResearchCouncilsincethebeginningof1946.

Dr.KellycomesfromawellknownCatholicfamilyinSouth Australia.Hisfather,thelate Mr.M.A.Kelly,wasaleading CatholiclaymaninSouthAustralia;hisuncle,thelateArchdeaconP.L.Kelly,beingone theearlieststudentsofSt.Patrick's,Manly,andparishpriest ofPortLincolnfornearly41) years.Dr.Kelly'sbrother,Rev. FatherPatrickKelly,oneofthe firstpriestsfromCorpusChristi, isnoweditorofthe"Southern Cross"inAdelaide.Dr.Kelly hasonesister(SisterMaryIgnatius)atSt.Aloysius'Convent ofMercyinAdelaide,andanother,DameMaryPatricia,of BenedictineMonastery,Lawson, N.S.W.Hisbrotherisstill livingatNorthAdelaide.

Dr.Kellywaseducatedat C.B.C.,Wakefield-street,Ade-

laide,andcameundertheinfluenceofthatgreateducationist, BrotherD.G.Purton(nowatSt. Patrick's,Ballarat).Following abrilliantscholasticcareer,he graduatedinmedicineatAdelaide University,andpractisedatBunbury,WestAustralia,forten years.Hetookaprominentpart inCatholiccirclesinWestAustralia,andforseveralyearscontributedaweeklyarticleon foreignnewsto"TheRecord." Duringthewarheservedinthe army,andwhilsttherebecame particularlyinterestedinrheumaticdiseases.Heobtainedhis M.D.(Adelaide)in1945,submittingathesisonneuritis.

HisBuckstonBrowneprizewinningessayembodieswork doneinWestAustraliaandpresentsrevolutionaryviewsoftile. matismasprimarilyadiseaseof thenervoussystem.Atpresent Dr.KellyisengagedwithProfessorSunderlandinworkoninjuriestonerves,asubjectwhich overlapscertainaspectsofrheumaticdisease(neuritis)andcan beusedasatestinggroundfor thenewtheory.

Dr.andMrs.Kellyhavefive children,threeboysareattendingXavierandagirlisatMandevilleHall,Melbourne.

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

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mileAWHILE

AmateurComedians:"Nowyou havegivenusanaudition,what kindofclotheswouldyousuggest weworeonthestage?"

VaudevilleManager:"Armour plate."

"What'sthisIhear,FlightLieutenant?I'mtoldyouwere sodrunklastnightthatyou pushedawheelbarrowthrough thenativequarter.Isthatthe waytokeepupourprestigewith thesepeople?"

"Yououghttoknow,sir.You wereinthebarrow."

* * * *

Businesswasbad,andthenew proprietorofthevillageshop stoodatthedoorgazinggloomilyattheallbutemptystreet. Alittlegirlwhohadjustturnedthecornerpauseduncertainly beforehim,apoundnoteinone hand.Instantlyhewasall ,smiles.

"Isay,"beganthelittlegirl, "doesmymotheroweyoua pound?"

"Shedoes,"saidtheshopkeeper."And-andwhoselittlegirl areyou?"

* * *

"Whydoyoucometomefora testimonial?"askedtheprison governor. "Because,sir,"explainedtheexconvict,"youcantruthfullysay thatyouhaveknownmeforfive yearsandhaveneverseenme undertheinfluenceofdrink."

* * * TheBruiser:"Wotyerwanter rememberabahtfightingisthis: You'vealwaysgutterfightwiv intelligence,see?"

Simpkin:"Yes,quite;butit can'talwaysbedone-what? Supposeyoucan'tfindasmaller man?"

Thevicarwasaddressinga mothers'meeting.

"Ithascometomyknowledge," hesaid,"thatawomanwhois sittingamongyouto-dayisnot carryingoutherdutiesasawife shoulddo.Insteadofpreparing amealforherhusbandonhisreturnfromahardday'swork,she spendshertimegossiping.The consequencesarethatherhusbandspendsmostofhisevenings intheBoar'sHead.Sooneror laterthiswillleadtodomestic strife. Sothatyouwillknow towhomIrefer,Iwillthrowthis bookather."

Theyallducked.

Ayoungman,aftertenyears' absence,alightedatthehomestationand,despitehisexpectations, therewasnoonetheretomeet him.Hethencaughtsightof thestationmaster,afriendsince boyhood.Tohimatleastho wouldsurelybewelcome,andhe wasabouttoextendahearty greeting,whentheotherspoke first."Hello,George!"hesaid. "Goingaway?"

* * *

Sambo:"Didn'tyoutellme that"procrastinate"means"to putoff?"

Professor:"Datamthesignificationoftheword-yes,sir!"

Sambo:"Denwhydidthattram conductorlaughwhenIsays: 'ProcrastinatemeatTwenty-First Street'?"

* * *

Bodgerstampedhisfootimpatientlywhilsthewaitedforhis wifetofinishpowderinghernose andtouchingupherlips.

"Vainwoman,"hesnorted,"I believethatthehumanface shouldbeleftuntouched,except bythehandofnature."

Mrs.Rodgereyedherhusband anxiously."Oh,George!"she sighed,"don'ttellmethatyou aregoingtogrowamoustache andahorridbeard."

Girl(tostagemanager):"Say, Mr.Blank,I'msosickofbeinga parlourmaidintheplay,and justcarryinginasillyletteron atray.Can'tIhaveamoreimportantpart?"

"O.K.,girlie.Fromnowon you'llcarryinaregisteredletter."

.

Thehusbandcamehomeearly fromtheofficeandcaughthis wifekissingaperfectstranger inthesitting-room. Pullingarevolveroutof a drawer,hestruckadramaticattitude. "Thishashappenedoncetoo often,"heshouted. "Whatareyougoingtodo, George?"criedthehysterical wife,clutchingfranticallyathis arm.

"I'mgoingtoblowmybrains out,"wasthereply.

Thewifelookedrelieved.

"Thankheavens!"shewhisper ed."Iwasafraidyouweregoingtocreateascene."

* * *

"Seethatmanoverthere° He'soneofthosego-aheadsort offellowswhoalwaysgetaseat onanomnibus."

"Iknow.Oneoftheforceful type." "Notatall.He'sabus driver."

*

ThecelebratedpianistwasengagedtoplayataSocietyparty inLondon,andthehostessasked himhisfee.

"Myfeewillbeonehundred pounds,"hesaid. "Ofcourse,"addedthehostess, "youunderstandthatyouwillnot minglewiththeguests."

"Oh,inthatcase,I'lldoitfor eightypounds,"wastheunexpectedreply.* * * *

Theyounghusbandeyedthe greyishconcoctionwithmisgiving.Bravelyhedugaspoon intothemystery,andbeganto eat. Afterafewmomentshe straightenedhimself,easedhis collaralittle,andasked:"What doyoucallthis,darling?"

"It'sdatepudding,dear,"beamedhiswife. "Oh,yes,"hebreathed,"buter-whatdate?"

"I'msohappyIcan'thelpbut breakintosong." "Getthekeyandyouwon't havetobreakin."

*

"Whatworkdidyoudoformerly?"

"Iwascaretakeratanobservatorytower."

"Whydidyougiveitup?"

"Therewerenoprospects."

* *

TheScottishexpressthundered northwardsthroughthenight. Suddenlytherewasagrinding ofbrakes,andthetraincameto astandstill.Windowswere droppedandinquiringfacesappeared.Theguardwentdown thelengthofthetrain,inquiring whohadpulledtheemergency chain.Hecameatlengthtoa compartmentwhereadearold ladysatbenignly. "Thankyousomuch,"shesaid; "youneednothavestoppedthe train.WhatIwantisanicehot cupoftea,withtwolumpsof sugar,please." * * * *

InquisitivePerson:"Isitthe missionofthenewspaperto mouldpublicopinion?"

Editor:"No;it'stokeepthe publicfrombecomingmouldy."

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Wednesday,April2,1947.

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage3.1 celebrationofMass,inthepri vatsrecitationofthecanonical hours,inthereceptionofHoly CommunionandintheobservanceofthelawofFastorAbstinence,althoughtheusualcompensationoftimeinthatlocality maydifferfromit,onemayfollowtheLocalTime,whethertrue ormean;oronemayfollowthe StandardorLegalTime,whether itbetheRegionaloranyother extraordinaryone."

Nowforyourquestion.Our clocksinPerthgiveustheStan dardorRegionalTimeforWesternAustralia,butthisisnot eitherthetrueorthemeanLocal Time-popularlycalled Sun Time.What,then,isthedifferencebetweenSunTime(Mean LocalTime)andRegionalTime, hereinPerth?

IaskedtheGovernmentAstronomer,Mr.Spigl,forthisinformationandheverycourteouslyinformedmethatatPerth ObservatorytheStandardRegionalTimeisinadvanceofthe MeanLocalTime(SunTime)by 16minutes38.6seconds.

Itfollowsthen,accordingto CanonLaw,thatinthematter oftheEucharisticFast,ifwe wish,wemayavailourselvesof between16and17minutes'grace afterthelegalmidnight.Andif SummerTimeshouldbeintroduced,thenweshouldhave1 hourand16to17minutes'grace. Ishouldlikeallmylistenersto notethatthisdifferenceIhave givenisforPerthonly;aswe traveleastwards,ofcourse,the differencebetweentheRegional StandardTimeandtheMean LocalTimegetsless,sothatat Kalgoorlie,forinstance,thereis noadvantageorgracegained atall.

LOOSELANGUAGEOF POPULARSCIENCE

"Student,"Subiaco:

a "Ihavebeensomewhatrerplesee onreadingapopularAmerican 14.0konscience.Inanearly chaptertheauthormakesthe followingstatement:'Theevohtionofmanfromthelower formsoflife,duringwhichhe passedthroughanape-like stage,isnowconsideredtobe asmuchafactasthecirculationoftheblood.Itisthegenerallyacceptedviewofscience.'

Iaskyoutotellmeifthis statementistrue."

A.:Thestatementasitstands isacollectionofabsurdities.The writerclearlyhasnotthevaguest

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notionoftheissuesinvolved.To suggestthatatheoryforwhich thereisnovestige,notmerely ofproofbutevenofprobability, isaswellestablishedasthefact ofthecirculationoftheblood istoshowacompleteindifferencetothemeaningofthewords oneisusing.Mancertainlydid notevolve.Hemadehisappear. anceontheearthassomething quitenewandessentiallydifferentfromanythingthathadbeen thereuptothattime.Thehalt bakedscientistwhotalksofman evolvingdoesnotrecognisein mananythingmorethana highermammal.Beingwithout anytraining,inrationalpsychology,thedistinctionbetweensensitiveandintellectualcognitionmeansnothingtohim. Hencehecompletelyoverlooks theunbridgeablegapthereisbetweenthemosthighlydeveloped apeandthemostprimitiveof men.Thegapiscausedbythe presenceorabsenceofanintellect.Nothavinganyclearideas onthesubjectofintellect,he naturallythinksthatthetransitionfromthehigherformsof sensitivecognitiontointelligencecouldtakeplacebysmall steps.Toanyonewhohasmade astudyofhumanpsychology alongthelinesfollowedinScholasticPhilosophy,suchanidea ofthegradualtransitionfrom brutetohumanbeingisunthinkableandabsurd.Thescholastic philosophercanprovequiteconvincinglythatthereisinman somethingwhichcouldnothave evolvedfrommatter,evenfrom livingmatter,namely,theintellectualsoul.Thereisonlyone wayinwhichahumansoulcan comeintobeing-thewayof creation.Henceman'sappearance onthisearthwastheresultof adirectinterventionofthe Creator.UntilGodintervenedto producethefirsthumansoulby creation,mansimplydidnot existonthisearth.Assoonas Codbreathedanintellectualsoul 'ntomattermanexisted,fully equippedforhispositionaslord ofthevisiblecreation.Sostrictlyspeakingthereisnoquestion whateverpfman'shaving evolved.

However,peoplewhospeak aboutevolutionfrequentlydonot speakstrictly.Whentheysay manhasevolved.what-theymean toexpressisthatthematter whichwentintotheconstitution ethefirstmanunderwentan evolution.Probablytheyarenot reallyconsciousthatthatiswhat theyaretryingtoexpress.Not havinganyverydistinctideaof whatmakesmanman,theyare necessarilyratherhazyabout 'hedistinctionbetweenman's soulandhisbody.Infact.they treatmanasthoughbiology weretheonlysciencewhichhas anythingtosayabouthisorigin. Thatisobviouslywhatyourselfconstitutedauthorityisdoing. Whenhesaysthat"man"passed throughanape-likestageheis blissfullyunawareinhisignorancethatmaninsuchastage wouldnotbeman.Henceifany- thingpassedthroughthisstage itwasnotman.Thetheorythat thematterwhichwenttoform thebodyofthefirstmanwas livingmatterderivedfromsome ape-likeancestorispossible.It wouldbeanunwarrantedexaggerationtosaythateventhe beginningsofaproofforthat theoryhadbeenfound.Thereis nottheslightestprospectofsuch proofbeingfound.

Butyoumayaskifthesituationisreallysoclear,whyisit thatevolutionistakensoseri.

ouslybythebiologists?Well,the factisthatforevolutionwithin certainlimitstherearequitea numberofsuasivearguments. Thehypothesisthatevolutionhas takenplacewithinthevarious specieshasseemedtoprovidea goodframeworkintowhichthe datafittedwithacertainamount ofease.Theevolutionaryhypo thesiswas,infact,averygood principleofclassification.You know,perhaps,thatoneofthe principlesofthescientististhat hisconclusionsareprows' Heisnotworriedabouttheir absolutetruth.Heexpectsmost ofthemtobesupersededas knowledgeprogresses.Allthat hedemandsofatheoryisthatit shouldhelpalongprogress.Well, theevolutionaryhypothesishas donethisandoutofgratitude foritshelptheaveragescientist doesnotlooktoocloselyatits credentials.Theyaretakenfor grantedandsoquitewithoutjustificationitbecomes"thegenerallyacceptedviewofscience."

VATICANTOLDTRUMANOF JAP.SURRENDER.

TheVatican,throughMr.Myron Taylor,gavePresidentTruman thefirstpositive'informationthat Japanwasreadyforcapitalulation,Dr.LeoStock,notedAmericanhistorian,writestothe"New YorkTimes,"defendingMr.'Taylor'sappointmentasPresident Truman'spersonalrepresentative totheHolyFather.

"TheVaticanhasthebestintelligenceserviceinallthe world,"saysDr.Stock."Ithas themeansofgatheringinformationfromallcornersoftheglobe notpossessedbyanyothernation.Theimportanceofmaintainingcontactwithsuchanews centrecannotbeover-estimated, andespeciallyatthisperiodof politicalandsocialunrest."

AnsweringcriticsofMr.Taylor'smission,Dr.Stockpointsout 'hattheVaticanCityisa"de jure"Government,thelegitimacyofwhichcannotbequestioned.

"ThePopeasHeadofthis Stateenjoystherights,privileges andimmunitiesofanyruler.Correspondingly,theUnitedStates hastherighttoherepresentedat thatcourt."

ProtestantProtest.

inthesameissueofthenewspaperisalettersignedbyeight Protestanteditorsandtwoother Protestantleaderscallingfora Congressionalinvestigationinto the"financing,authorisation,and responsibilities"ofMr.Taylor's missionanddemandingthe"cancellationofthestatus"ofthe ApostolicDelegationintheUnit. edStates.

CHARLESDEFOUCAULD.

Thefirststageinthecauseof beatificationofFatherCharlesde Foucauld,theformerFrench armyofficer,whobecameapriest andlivedintheSaharaalifeof thegreatestasceticismuntilmurderedbyMoslemsonDecember1, 1916,istoopenattheWhite Fathers'headquartersatMaison Caree,Algeria.FatherdeFoucauldledaworldlylifeuntilhe was30yearsold,thenmadea pilgrimagetoJerusalem,erected ahermitageatTamanrasset,and laterwaskilledbyplundering nomads.

THEEASTEREGGS

AFavouriteChildren'sStoryinFrance andGermany

(Speciallytranslatedfromthe Frenchfor"TheRecord.")

Inalittlevalley,situated amonghighmountains,there wasoncealittlevillage.The villagewasmadeup modesthuts.Inthehutslived afewfamilies,verypoor,but verygoodandveryrespectable. Theinhabitantsofthevalleyhad afewgardens,wheretheycultivatedvegetables,afewfields, wheretheygrewwheattomake theirbread,andafewgoatsand cowswhichgavethemmilk,from whichtheymadebutterand cheese.

Themenandthewomenwere veryindustrious,andthechildren werehard-working,too.The childrenmindedthecowsandthe goatsonthemountainslopes. Onedayalittlegirlrandown quicklyfromthemountains.She rantoherhouseandsaidtoher mother:

"Oh!Mother,comequickly! Comequickly!Thereisabeautifulladyinthemountains.The beautifulladyhasawhitedress. Sheisonhorseback.Sheisaccompaniedbyalittlegirlanda littleboy.Thereisalsoaman

Animpoverishedjuniorreporterwassenttoaspecialservice atacathedral.Asilvercollectionatthedoorhadbeenannounced,andhehadahalf-crown andahalfpennytolastuntilthe nextpayday.Conscienceand prudencewagedwar,andprudencewon.Totheundisguised disgustofachoirboyholdingthe plate,heplacedhishalfpenny uponthemountainofshiningsib ver,andleft.

Reliefathisescapechangedto afeelingofdiscomfiturewhenhe suddenlyrealisedthathehadleft hishatinthecathedraland w4,314ktvetogoback.

Theboywasstillinthedoorway."What'sup?"heasked.

"Comebackforyourchange?"

whosays'Madam'whenhe speakstothelady.Theladyis tired,mother.Sheissittingon arock.Sheaskedmeforalittlebreadandsomemilkforthe children,whoarehungryand thirsty."

Themotherpreparedajugof milk,tooksomebread,somebutterandsomecheese,andwentto themountainswithherhusband andherlittledaughter.When shearrivedattherockshesaw ayoungandverybeautiful woman.Thisladyhadalittle girlonherknees.Thelittle girlwasasprettyasthelady, andsheandthelittleboywore beautifulclothes.

"Oh,"saidthepoorpeasant womantoherhusband,"thislady isobviouslyveryrich!Lookat thoselovelyclothes.Thechildren'sclothesarealsolovely, andasforthemanstandingover therebythehorse-heisalso wel-dressed."

Thepoorpeasantwomanapproachedtimidly,andofferedthe bread,thebutter,thecheeseand themilktothelady,whothankedherverygracefully.The childrenwerehungryandthirsty, theladyandtheserving-man also;andwhiletheyateand dranktheladyquestionedthe peasantwomanandherhusband.

Whenshelearntthatthevillagewasinhabitedonlybypeasants,andthattravellerswere veryrare,shesaidwithemotion:

"IamsurethatGodhasled ushere.Ihavehadtoleavemy home.Wouldyouletuslive withyouhereinthislittleNit lage?Isthereanemptyhouse herewhere1maystaywithmy children?Ishallpayyouwell. Iwouldsomuchliketostay here.Iamtiredoftravelling inthemountains."

Thenthepoorpeasantwoman toldthebeautifulladythatthere wasalittlenewhousewhichwas notyetoccupied,andthetravellerswentdownintothevalley. Theladylookedatthehouse,and soonsaidthatitsuitedher.She hiredthehouse,paidtherent, andboughtafewindispensable articlesoffurniture.Thenshe saidshewishedtohaveayoung girlasservant.

Therewasayounggirlinthe villagewhosaidshewouldlike tobethelady'smaid.Thelady acceptedher,andsaidtoher:

"Marie,hereissomemoney. Goandbuysomemeat,butter, cheeseandbread."

Marieanswered:"Madam,itis impossibletobuymeat,forthere isnomeatinthevillage.We neverhavemeattoeat,exceptin thewinterwhenoneofthemen killsabear."

"Nomeat!"exclaimedthelady. "That'sterrible.Well,goand getmesomeeggs.I'llgive eggstothechildren."

"Oh,madam,"saidMarie,"you wouldsurelynotbesocruelas totaketheeggsofthelittle birdswhichsingsosweetly!"

"No,no,"saidthelady."I wanthens'eggs,nottheeggsof thelittlebirdsthatsinginthe forest."

"Madam,"saidMarie,"Idon't knowwhatthesehens'eggsare thatyouspeakof.Wehaveno hens."

"What!"criedthelady."You havenohensl

Shewasverysurprised,butas henscamefromtheOrientand thesepoorpeopleneverleftthe valleyinwhichtheylived,she soonunderstoodthatitwouldnot beeasyforthemtoobtainhens.

Asshewasunabletoprocure meatoreggs,shegavebreadand milktothechildrenfortheir ,upper,andwhenthechildren andthemaidhadgonetobedshe calledherfaithfulservantKuno, andsaid:

"GoodKuno,wehavecome heretothislonelyvalleywhere myenemieswillsurelyneverfind us.To-morrowmorning,early, takethehorseandgoacrossthe mountainstothetownwesaw yesterday.Buymethegoods markedonthislist.Buymealso aroosterandafewhens."

(Tobecontinuednextweek.)

BUSHIES' CORNER

DearCornerites

Easterisuponus,andforthe sakeofthosewhomaynothave readmyletterlastweek,IrepeatthegoodwishesIthenextendedtoallmyniecesandnephewsandallmyhelpers,whether theybebigorsmall.

TheResurrection,whichwe commemorateonEasterSunday, isthemostsignificanteventin theChristiancalendar."If Christbenotrisenfromthe dead,thenisourpreachingvain." ThatiswhatSt.Paulwrote,and itisagreattruth.St.Paulwas scconvincedthatChristdidtruly risefromthedeadthathespent hislife,fromthetimeofhisconversion,endeavouringtoconvinceothersofthiscentralfact oftheChristianreligion.

LetusrejoiceonEasterSunday,forChrist,byHisResurrection,gaveusHispledgethat thewholeofHisteachingwas true.Thediscipleswhosaw Himhadnofurtherneedof faith;theirfaithhadbeenrewardedbythevisionoftherisen Saviour.SoshallweallseeHim ontheLastDay,when,please God,Hewillinviteustoshare inHisgloryforever.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

AuntBessy's

I-I 1.4LETTERBOX

Moore. DearAuntBessy,-Iamenclosing10s.p.n.towardsthe Bushies'Scheme,inhonourof OurLadyoftheSacredHeart. Iamtryingtomakethisanannualsubscription,forIadmire theSchemeandwishitevery success.Bestwishestoyourselfandthelittleones.-Yours sincerely, A.McK.

DearFriend,-Yourgenerous donationhasbeenreceivedgratefully.Mayyounotfalterin !yourdeterminationtoassistthe Busbies'Schemeregularly. Thankyousomuch.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

WagrupP.O.

DearAuntBessy,-Herewe areagain,GrandfatherandI, stillhumpingourblueyonthe longnarrowtrack;butwemust thankGodfortheblessing.Well, howhaveyoubeenkeepingwith allthishotweather?Areyou stillintact?Myword,ithasbeen hotenoughhereattimestomelt abrassmonkey.Iamnearly drieduplikeasmokedfishmyself.

hadabout12bullocksandabell oneveryotherone,withone waggonloadedwithwool,the otherswithgum(?);butthat's alongtimeago,too.Laterthey hadlovelyhorsesandtookthem tothefirstGuildfordShow.I forgetiftheygotaprize.Well, Ihavebeenreadingthatbookof FatherMcMahon'scalled"One HundredYears."Itisveryinterestingtomeanyway,asI knewsomeoftheBishops-BishopGriverwasthefirstIcanremember.ItwashethatConfirmedmybrotherandmewith about80otherchildrenatSt. Mary's,Perth.Wewereabit afraidofhim,aswehadbeen toldofthestrokeonthecheek. ThenRev.FatherGibney.My brotherandIhadtomakea pledgethatwewouldnottake anyintoxicatingdrinkuntilwe were21. Ihavekeptmypledge, Idon'tknowaboutmybrother; heisinVictoria.Thenlater, whenabishop,heconfirmedour fivechildrenatYarloop,with about40otherchildren.AndBi hopClune.HegaveaMission atYarloop,whichwaswellattendedfromfarandnear.I havesentoneofthebookstomy brother,asareminderofearly days.HeknewtheBishopas wellas.Idid.

Enclosedpleasefindpostal notefor5s.fortheBushies.So cheeriotillwemeetagain. GRANDFATHERANDGRANDMOTHER.

DearGrandfatherandGrandmother,-Iwasdelightedtoreceivealetterfromyouonce

again,tellingussomemoreabout theearlydays.Thankyouso verymuchforyourdonationto theBusbies'Scheme.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

ConventofMercy,Bunbury.

DearAuntBessy,-Forsome timeIhavebeenreadingwith greatinterestyourpagein"The Record,"andhaveoftenwished torejoinyourhappycircleof niecesandnephews.Nowthat Ihavesomethingtowriteabout Iamaskingyoutoenlistmeonce againinyourhappyband.

IgototheSacredHeartHigh School,Bunbury,andlikeitvery much.Therearesomanyactivitiesthathelptobrightenup theusualroutineofschoollife. Oneofthese,andperhapsthe mostpopularamongmyclassmates,isswimming.LastThursdaywehadourswimmingcarnivalandweallenjoyedcompeting inthemanyeventsontheprogramme.Therewerefourfactions,gold,green,redandblue, andgoldwon.ItwasablycaptainedbyNancyHarnett,who scorednofewerthanforty pointsforhercolour.Reggie Frayneworkedhardforgreen, scoring32points.Regenters wellintothespiritofanysportingevent.DavidVincentmade somedesperateeffortstoplace Redonthewinningside.Patty Milliganalwaysmakesagood showinherdivision.Therewere someotherswhoworkedwellfor theirteamsalso.

Wouldyoupleaseaskthe Bushiestoprayforthereposeof thesoulofLesFordham,mycow sin,whodiedonDecember26, 1946,andwhowasonly188years old.Wouldyoualsosendmea prickcardtofillinplease.Yourlovingniece, HILARYJOHNSON.

DearHilary,-Iammost happytohaveyouwritingtome again,andsuchalovelyletter, too.Itrustitwillnotbelong beforewehearmoreofyouand yourfriendsatBanbury.Ihave sentaprickcardasrequested.-

Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

MonsterCarnivalDance

EASTER

Well,Aunty,IhavebeenreadingthatlitlebookonBishopSalvadoandhisgoodmen,making ahomeinthewildbushwithlittletohelpthem.Itisnojoke. DadandIhavebeenthroughit, withverylittlemorethangood healthandGod'sblessinganda six-months'oldbabythrownin. Westartedhereover60years agointhewildbush,andhave pulledthrough. Ididn'tmind eatingkangarooandpossum,but bardiesorgrubs-never!Ihave seenthem-creamcolouredfat things,nearlyasbigasaperson'sfinger.Iwouldnotgo muchontheblackboysconehe madeforthepoorBishopeither. Therecouldnothavebeenany bellsaboutatthetimetheBishopwasdrivingthosetwobullocksandsittingupallnightto watchthemfeeding.Themonks foundthatoutlater,whenthey calledatmyfather'splace.They

FrancisSprawl,at"TheRecord"Office,450HayStreet,Perth.