The Record Newspaper 19 March 1947

Revivalof

'Whypastern uropelookstotheSoviet Stalin'sOpportunist Pan-Slavism

ByCOUNTPONINSKI

The"unbreakableunionwith SovietRussiainlifeanddeath" emphaticallyproclaimedbythe lastPan-SlavCongressisBelgradeseemstohavebecome latelythemainpoliticalslogan ofthepuppetadministrationsin

EasternandSouthernEurope.

acceptedWilson'sLeagueof Nations.Althoughproudof theirSlavonicdescent,andtheir ancientculturalheirloom,they firmlybelievedthattheyshould remainactivemembersofthe modernEuropeancommunityby endorsingfullyGeneva'speace construction.

Ontheotherhand,French diplomacyhopedstronglythat thosefeelingsmighthelpto the"liberated"countriesof'hamperGermany'straditional "DrangnachOsten,"aswellas theGerman-Sovietconspiracy againsttheVersaillesPeaceand Geneva,whichwasbasedon thenotoriousRapalloPact,and onthenotlessdangerousGerman-SovietBerlinTreatyof 1929.

OntheoccasionofthecontroversyconcerningAustria's rehabilitation,theCzecho-Slovak Vice-Premier,Mr.Fierlinger,declaredthatAustriaisbuta smallpartofCentralEurope,in whichthetremendousinfluence oftheSlavStates,headedby theU.S.S.R.,willsoonreachits fullexpression.Austriansmust beawareofthisfact,andnot allowthemselvestobeswayed byanti-Slavvoices.

Asimilar,noteprevailsin other andrecentPolish,Yugoslav Bulgarianstatements.Rat cialprejudiceisspreading widelyinEurope's"Red"area underSovietcontrolandoccupation.Italy,RumaniaandHungaryexperiencedmostunpleasantpressure,andhadtocompromisedailywithexaggerated claimsoftheSlavBloc.

EvenGreeceandthegreat TurkishRepublic,whichbelongs practicallytotheMiddleEast, havebeenrepeatedlytoldthat theyhavetosynchronisetheir nationalpolicyandinstitutions withtheaimsandinterestsof Russia'ssubservientsatellite States.

MODERNREVIVAL

TherevivalofPan-Slavismis afactandanewpoliticalreality.ItexplainsseveralRussian diplomaticmoveswhichlately surprisedWesternPublicopinion.Forthisveryreason,it maybeusefultorelateshortly thethehistoricalbackgroundof presentactivitiesofthePanSlavCommittee.

Wehavetoremembertheft fortwocenturiespriortothe CommunistRevolution,PanalavismhadbeenusedbyTsarist politicsasacoverforitsexpansiontowardstheWest.It provedaveryeffective duringthewholeofthveea1C enturyforunderminingfirst theOttomanEmpireintheBalans,andthentheoldAustroHungarianmonarchy.Bolshevik leadersreplacedPan-Slavismby themoremodernsloganofworld revolutionunderMoscow'sguidance.

CHANGEOFHEART

BetweenthetwoWorldWars SovietRussiaoftenmarkedher disdainforSlavophiletendenciesinpoliticsaswellasher hostilityforPan-Slavcultural initiativeswhichflourishedat thattimeinPrague,Warsaw, Belgrade,Sofiaandlast,butnot least,aroundtheprominent "d'Institute"ofParis.Theidea ofpromotingabetterunderstandingandafriendlycollaborationamongthesmaller,independentSlavonicnationshad manyenthusiasticsupportersin intellectualandscientificcircles inthecountrieswhichsincerely

Moscow,onthecontrary, watchedSlavophileactivities withmuchdiscontentandsuspicion.TheKremlinstarted usingtheoldpre-warTsarist Pan-Slavslogansonlywhenthe threatofHitler'saggression seemedobvious.Itwasprimarilyatypicalwar-timeexpedientintendedtoshatternumerousQuislingregimesinRussia'snearestneighbourhoodand tostop"collaborationism"in thenewlyGermanoccupied Sovietterritories(1941-42).

SovietinfluenceinEuropehad neverbeenlower,andthedisintegrationoftheCommunist Stateappearedtobeinfull swing.ItseemedthatUkrainian Separatistsandnationalistic WhiteRussians,togetherwith misguidedpoliticiansfromthe oldemigration,wereeagerto supportRosenberg'sdrivefora NewOrderofEasternEurope underNazisupervisionandleadership. Agreatanti-BolshevikRussianArmywasquicklyorganisedundertheformerRedRussianGeneralVlasovandnew "national"Ukrainiandivisions joinedtheforcesoftheGerman *Wehrmacht.Pro-GermanelementswererulingtheCzech andMoravianProtectoratewith Iladia"independent"Slovakia with'fiso,andthenewpuppet kingdomofCroatiawiththe terroristFascistagent,Pavelitch.TheyhadequallytheupperhandinYugoslaviaand Bulgaria.

STALINSPEAKS

Itwastime,indeed,toremindtheSlaysintheGerman "Lebensraum"oftheirancient brotherhoodwith"MotherRussia,"whichwaswaginga"patriotic"warofself-defenceand liberation.Stalindidso,and authorisedinAugust,1941,the openingoftheFirstAllSlav CongressinMoscow,underhis highpatronage.Thelatefamous Russianwriter,AlexovTsIstov, actedasthespiritualleaderand inspirerofthisunusualgathering. Redgenerals,Communistofficials,well-knownKomintern workers,sattheresidebyside witholdfaithfulOrthodoxpre- lates,withformerpoliticalpri:onersoftheN.K.V.D.,including CzechandPolishgenerals,loyal totheirnational,exiledleaders inLondon. Thismeetingwasundoubtedly asuccess.Itwasmainlyconcernedwiththeestablishment ofastrong,unitedanti-German andanti-FascistSlavonicfront.

Itfavoredthestrengtheningus thespontaneousundergroundresistanceintheoccupiedcountries,andthepreparationofa generalliberationmovement, whichtheRussianstriedhardto synchronisewiththeirmilitary andpoliticalstrategy.

COMMITTEEFORMED

Thatalsoexplainedwhyan ablestrategist,thewell-known SovietGeneralGundurov,was putinchargeofthestanding Pan-SlavCommitteewithheadquartersinMoscow.Thisnew bodywasworkinghardtillthe endofthewarandrendered effectiveserviceinhelpingto organisesimilar"patriotic"organisationsinoccupiedcountries,concernedlesswiththe defenceofnationalinterests thanwiththespreadingoutof directCommunistinfluencein thegenuineundergroundmovements.

Inthevictoryyearof1945, anotherbigCongress,stillunderGeneralGundurov'sguidance,washeldinSofiatoadjustthePan-Slavmovementto thechangedsituation.Communistinfluencewasoncemore prevalent,butmuchveiledby nationalisticoutbursts.High Orthodoxprelatesandsome frustratedintellectualsofthe pre-warschoolmixedtherewith abigmilitaryattendanceof formerpartisanandrevolutionaryleaders.ThemainSoviet speaker,Prof.Derzawin,praised "democracy"ofthestussianpattern,asoposedtotheso-called "Westerndemocracy,"unableto copewithFascistreaction.Then hesangatrulynationalistic Russiantuneandevenquoted theRussianhistorian,Tilowaysky,famousforhissubservient attitudetotherulingcliqueunderAlexanderIII.,hisimperialisticoutlook,andhisextremely elasticconscience.Hewas,indeed,themostnarrow-minded followerofDanilewskyand otherSlavophilepoliticiansand philosophersofthesecondpart ofthe19thcentury.

Thisschoolofthoughttaught thattheveryexistenceofa powerfulRussianEmpireorganicallylinkedwiththeOrthodoxChurchwasablessingand alastinghope,aswellasthe mostimportantpre-requisitefor thesurvivaloftheSlavonic raceandculture.ItfoughtvigorouslyCatholicismandLatin influence,andspecialisedin slanderingaccusationsagainst Romeandtheallegeddecadent Europeancivilisation.According toDanilewskymightyRussia saveditspeopleandtheSlavonicsisternations"from Westernbankruptcyandlackof truehumanism."

ATTACKONWEST

Mr.Derzawinrepeatedin 1945tallthoserevoltinglies aboutWesternputrefaction, withthisdifference.thathe addedthebogeyofpro-Fascist reactiontoalltheoldsinsof theEuropeanWest.

Afterhismuchapplaudedexplanations,themeetingunanimouslyproclaimedthatthe Russianlanguage,asthebest possibleexpressionofmodern culture,hadtobethecompulsorycommonlanguageinofficial anddailyrelationsamongall

themembersoftheSlavBlocsrathersurprisingresolution comingfromLeftistintellectuals whoonlysomeyearsagoprais- edEsperantoanditstrueinternationalcharacter!

Surprisingly,too,therewas nodetaileddiscussiononGermany,andtheactualproblems ofEuropeanreconstruction.The representativesofthe"liberated"countriespledgedthemselvestofollowunconditionallyMoscow'sinstructionsinall thesematters.

MEETINGINBELGRADE

LateroninBelgrade,Soviet andRedYugoslavgeneralsclearlyexplainedthatthemain taskof countriesRussia'sneighbouring wastofighttheunderminingactivitiesofthecapi- talisticworld.MarshalTito's ruthlessattitudewasmuch praisedinthisconnection."The victoryoverNazishasbeena trulySlavonicvictory,thanksto Stalin'sgenialguidance,"proclaimedGundurov.TheSlav Bloc,basedonPan-Slavonic brotherhod,andbornfromthe experiencesofRussia'sgreat patrioticwar,shouldnowcontinuethestruggleforanantiFascist,democraticpeace.New Slavismasagenuinepopular movementhadtofightwithout mercythe(larkforcesofthe world.FaithfultogreatStalin's leadership,allSlaysshouldcontinuetohelpeachotherpolitical- ly,economicallyandculturally. "Rise,free malpracticesnations,againstthe oftheimperialists. RiseindefenceoftheantiFascistcoaltioncreatedatYalta andPotsdam." Undercoverofthissomewhat ambiguousresolutionBritishpol- icywasvigorouslyattacked.Mr. Churchillwasoncemoredenouncedasawarmonger,andhis suggestionsforEurope'srehabilitationpassionatelycriticised. Theywerebrandedathreatto internationalcollaborationandto thefutureoftheSlays.

GeneralGundurovonthisoccasionopenedaninterestinghistoricalargument.Hesaidthat Czecho-Slovakia,Polandand Yugoslaviasufferedsuchtremendouslosses,andsuccumbedto theGermaninvaderbecauseof theselfishpolicyoftheirown reactionaryrulingclassesaswell asthoseinpoweratthattime inGreatBritain,Franceand

other"capitalistic"countries.He alsoemphasisedthatYugoslavia wasfirsttomendherpastmistakesinunitingherpeople againsttheFascistdanger. Thiswasratherastrangeas- sertion,asnobodycanalterthe historicalfactthatitwasPoland whichopposed,singlehanded,Hit-ler'saggressionin1939,andthat lateronGreatBritainremained alonethedefenderoffreedom. whenRussiawasstillbusyfulfillingherobligationstowards Nazi-Germany. ButwemayunderstandwhytheRussianspeakerataSlavonic meetingdidnotbothermuch withhistoricaltruth.Hewanted toproveRussia'smagnanimitytowardssmallernations?andwas soobligedtopassoverinsilence thetragicfateoftheBaltic States,andthemostcruelpar-titionofSlavonicPoland,first in1939,inagreementwithHitlerandRibbentrop,andsecondly atYaltain1944,withRoosevelt andChurchill'sconsent,whenthe so-calledCurzonLinewasenforcedasPoland'seasternborder.

MOSCOWVIEW

EvenMoscowRadiofeltthat theviolentoutburstsonPanslavisiticintoleranceaskedfor some therefore,explanations.Itgave, onDecember12,1946, an stressingambiguouscommentary thatthePan-Slavorganisationhadnootherambition thantoactasavanguardinthe fightforpeaceanddemocracy. MoscowRadiodismissedatthe sametime"allegationsofthe enemiesoftheSlaysthatthe SlavBlocwilldropanironcurtainbetweenEastEuropeand therestoftheworld.Iteleo stressedthatsuchaccusations werebutanothereditionofproFascistactivitiesofthoseforeign circleswhichwereafraidofthe victoryoftruedemocracy.Their effortstodestroyagainSlav unity,andtoconductanexpansionistpolicyattheirexpense,weredoomed'beforehand, predictedMoscowRadio. Thisdeclarationfitsonlytoo wellintheoldschemeofCome munistpropaganda.Nevertheless itcontainsanewargument,a mostharmfulincitementtoracist hatredandsuspicion.Itillustratesquitesharplyimportant changesinRussia'spolicyand symptomsofitsideologicaldeca- dence.

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YOUCANDOALLYOURSHOPPINGAT the GOLDFIELDS' I LEADING EMPORIUM

whereyoualwaysget THEBESTOFSERVICE

EnglishCatholicPriestsWere BraveWarHeroes

ByV.EILEENARLAND

"Teno'clockandall'swellthatcrysofamiliartooldLondonechoesacrossthestillnessof thenightandatiredcitysleeps.

Afewlaterevellerssallyforth fromthatever-populartavern, theBishop'sMitre,andastheir footstepsdieawayinthedistanceallisagainsilent,save forthefaintsoundofvoices singing.

Itcomesfromthenearby ChurchofSt.Etheldreda,where thechantingofthemonkscontinuesthroughoutthenight.

Astone'sthrowawayisthe oldprisonofNewgate.Within itspest-riddenwallsliemanyfor whomthedawnofanewday brings,nothope,butahumiliat.ngdeathbyhangingonTyburn gallows.Withthem,sharing theirsufferings,isoneforwhom deathisbutthebeginningof thateternitywhichhasbeenhis goalfromboyhood-hisreward foralifespentintheservice ofGodandthosesoulsentrustedtohiscare.

Atall,spare,silver-haired priest,FatherJohnHumphries hasalwaysbeenathandwheneverhisparishionersneeded him.Hehasneversparedhimself,andnowheiswiththem atthelast,tocheerandcomfort them,toadministerthoseLast Sacramentsforwhichtheyeagerlyawait,andtohelpthemon theirfinaljourney,ashehas helpedthemthroughouttheir lives.

FatherJohn,asheislovingly knowntohispeople,hasbeen brandedasacommoncriminalby fanaticalmen,whosehatredof theChurchcanonlybesatisfied bybloodshedandwholesalemut, der-andyethislifehasbeen oneofselflessandwholehearted service.

Dawncomesatlast,alltoo

Astheraysofthesunstrike thecold,greyprisonwalls,one seesabedraggledcrowdof peoplebeingledoutfromNewgateontheirlong,wearyroad toTyburn.Somearebeingdraggedalongbyropes,othersare

tiedtohurdles.Attheheadof theprocessionisFatherJohn, holdinginhisboundhandshis mostcherishedpossession,the crossgiventohimathisordination.Andastheprisonersmove slowlyalongtheykeeptheireyes fixedonthatfamiliar,well-loving figure,gainingcouragefromhis courage.

Bynowthecityisastir,and smallgroupsofpeoplegaze curiouslyatthesepoorwretches goingtotheirdeath,somecheerfuly,somefearfuloftheunknown,otherssowearythatthey welcomedeathasarelease. Atlasttheplaceofexecution i,reached.Thetriangular-shaped gallows,TyburnTree,ismade readyforitsfirstvictim.Father Johnstepsfirmlyontotheplatformandlookstowardsthosewho havebeenhisprisoncompanions forsomanymonths.Hesmiles gentlyatthemand,raisingup thecross,givesthemhisfinal blessing.

Standingerect,his "Benc!io oninipoten tis,PatrisetFiliietSpiritus sancti,descenditsupervos,et 'eaneatsemper,Ainis" Andwith lastwords dyingawayinthedistance,yet anothersouljoinsthatglorious handofEnglishMartyrs-a priestwhorelifewasdevotedto (:.,i1andtoh;,,fellow-men.

"Teno'clockandall'swell"stillthatoldcryringsinthe earsofthoselivingintheshadow oftit.Etheldreda's-thatselfsamechurchwhichwithstoodthe GreatFireofLondon.

Nowotherfiresareablaze.It isanightinSeptember-the year-1941. The"All-Clear"hasjust sounded.Bombshaveceasedto fall,butthesicklysmellofgas escapingfromanearbysnapped pipefillsthenostrils.

FiresareragingintheCity; wharves,warehouses,shops, churches,eventheshipsonthe Thamesarealight.

Majesticandaloofstandsthe greatdomeofSt.Paul's,untouchedasyet,butencircledby

DreamsareYourTonic orDrug

ByADAMMARSH

Toomanyofusspendour livesdreamingofthewonderswe willaccomplishwhenwewake up-andtoomanyneverwake up.

Itisgoodtodream.Most dreams,especiallythebrightand bravedreamsofyouth,aregallantthings.Theyareourideals searchingforexpressiondespite ;hehindrancesoftheflesh;our spiritualselfrecognisingthecall tomakethemostofthecapacitiesGodhasgivenus.

Thereisnearlyalwaysabout suchyearningforthestarsa searchingouttotheHeavenbe. yondthem.Whetheryouth burnstobeaglitteringcaptain oragreatscientist,aleaderof menorachampionofnoble causes,aFlorenceNightingale or,yes,evenafilmstar,richor famous,heroorsaint,itisalwayswiththedesireofbeing greatandgood;thatis,great withagoodnessthatwillbeof servicetoourfellowsandthe world.

Baseness,indeed,israrelya faultofdreams.Farmoreoften itisnotthedreaming,butthe doing.thatistoblame.Toomany ofusarecontentonlytodream andnevertowakeup;thisisto usedreamsasadrugandnotas aspur,tomakeofthemnotladdersforscalingtheheights,but asilkenbedinwhichwelieselfcentredandsupine.

Somedonoteventroubleto faceuptotheirdreams.These livelivesofchronicspiritual dyspepsia,gnawnedbyavague hungerfortheyknownotwhat, foreverdiscontendedwitha senseofsomethingunfulfilled, perpetuallyuneasywithasuspicionthatthereisabetterway oflifesomewherewhichfor somereasontheyhavemissed.

Theyhaveneverhaditout withtheirdreams,nevertaken themtopieces,sotospeak,in ordertofindoutjustwhatthey

tires,theglowfromwhichoaa beclearlyseenmanymiles away.

Frontablockofbuildings,alreadypartlydestroyedduringa previousraid,smokeispouring, andtherescuegangsareworkingagainsttimetogetthepeople outbeforethewallscollapse.

Inthediglinceintermittent gunfirecanEMIbeheardmingled withthehumofenginesfrom fighterplanesscouringthesky forstrayenemyaircraft.

Intothisraginginfernocome thefire-fightingsquadsandam bulancedrivers.Someoftheseare butslimyounggirlsscarcelyout oftheirteens,yetallmoving amongthewoundedwithquiet efficiencyandcool courage, facingdeath,andperhapsworse, withnothoughtforthemselves.

Thelaststretcherpartyhas laiditsburdengentlyonthe pavement-theinjuredladis askingfor"Father;"inafew Momentshewillbebeyondall humanaid.

Oneofthemencallsacross toaslightfigureinblackwhois tendingthewoundedanddying. Heistheparishpriestfroma nearbychurch,whohasbeen workingtirelesslythroughthe hight-friendtoall,and"father," indeed,totheyoungboywhom hehasguidedsincehewasleft anorphan-theboywhomhehas preparedforhisFirstCommunion,andtowhomTommyham alwaysconfidedhischildish worries.

Ashehurriedlycrossesthe roadashoutsuddenlyringsout: Goback,thebuildingisunsafe!"Buthedoesn'tseemis bear-heknowsthereissomeone 'a-ertherewhoneedshishelp.

AsTommyopenshiseyesand seesthatwell-lovedfacebendngoverhim,hesmiles-"Iknew ,ou'dcome,Father;I'mnot afraidanymore."

Obliviousoftheshoutsofthe crowd,thepriestpraysforthis littlechild,yetanothervictimof theinsensatehateandfuryof ranaticalmen.

meanandhowthatmeaningis tobeattainedbystrivingand studyThesearethesouls---and whatavastclassitis----whowait aboutforthingstofallintotheir laps,forsomeonetocomealong andhelpthemtowhatthey neverreachoutforthemselves; wholiveindrowsyexpectation ofthatdivineflashwhichthey feelmustcometothemsomeday tomakeeverythingallrightfor them.

Butitneverdoescomeand theycontinuetolabourunder thegrievancethatlifeandeven Faithhasfailedthem.Butitis theywhohavefailedlifeand Faith.

Othersareawareofwhatthey ant;knowthattheyhavethe talentsandgiftstoattainit,but havebeenthrustbytheforceof circumstancesintoawayoflife thatmakesithardtodevelop theirgifts,orintoanincompatibleandboringjobthatstifles theirdreams.Whatisthegood ofstriving,theyask;theyare squarepegsinroundholes,they cannotescapefromtheirprison, thereisnohopeoftheirever attainingtheirdreams.

Theirlotisunfortunate;yet somanyofthemspendsomuch energyingrumblingabouttheir unhappyconditions,somuch timebroodingovertheirunluckyfate,thatonefeelsthat theyleavethemselvesneither timenorenergytofindoutif thereisn'tafterallsomewayof escape.Theystifletheirdreams withtheirowndiscontent.

True,thereisn'tawayofescapeinsomecases,butitis thereoftenenough,tomakeus realisethatthedifficultiesmay onlybeanadditionalchallenge tcourdreams.Indeed,lifeisfull ofthestoriesofmenwhoseemed tohavebeenpinnedbyfateto ahumdrumrut,butwhose dreamshelpedthemtoliftthemselvesoutofittoglory.

(ContinuedonPage6

Thereisasoundofcrumbling bricksandmortar,andtheal,eadytotteringbuildingcollapses.Tommydidnot,afterall, havetomakehisjourneyalone%eandhis"Father"arewith Cod-onemorepriestisaddedto thatrollofhonourofEnglish Martyrs. .tndsoithasbeenthroughout theages.Menhaveconsecrated theirlivestoGod,leavinghome andlovedones,andfrequently payingthesupremesacrifice.

Howgreatisourdebttothem!

Thepriestshaveworkedunceasingly,alwaysonthejob.By ,:ay,andoftenhalfthroughthe night,theywereouttendingthe victimsofthefrequentairraids.

Imaginethestrainimposedon themwhennightlyfornineconsecutivemonthsLondonwas bombed,andthatmeantlittleor nosleepforthem.

Thenwhenanewdaydawned itwouldfindthemcelebrating. Mass.Perhapsthesirenwould goagain-thenwouldcomethe throboftheenginesoverhead. accompaniedbyheavygunfireaquietwordtothecongregation, tellingthemtheycouldseek shelteriftheywished-andthey wouldthencalmlycontinuethe Mass.

Timewillnotpermitmeto speakoftheinvaluablework donebypriestsinourpoor countryparishes,butperhapsone dayImaybeallowedtotellyou somethingaboutit.

Iwouldliketotakethisop portunityofexpressingtoan Australianstheheartfeltthanks ofthepeopleofBritainforyour wonderfulgenerosityinsending themfoodparcels.Icansame youtheyaredeeplyappreciated andsomuchneeded.

CHEAPERGROCERIES

GENERALAIMSOFTHE OXFORDGROUPMOVEMENT "Enquirer,"WestPerth.

Pleasetellmewhatwouldbe theattitudeofCatholicstothe OxfordGroupMovement?"

A.Forthesakeofthosewho arenotfamiliarwiththismovementIwillgiveyouaverybrief outlineofitbeforeanswering yourquestion.

TheOxfordGroupMovement has,ofcourse,nothingtodowith theOxfordMovement.That movementdidhaveacloseconnectionwiththeUniversityof Oxford,whereastheOxford GroupMovementIhavebeen askedtospeakonwasstarted byanAmericanLutheranclergy Dr.Buchman.

Accordingtoitsadherents theOxfordGroupMovementis notareligion.Ithasnohierarchy,notemples,noendowments;itsworkershavenosalaries,noplansbutGod'splans. TheyareHolyCrusadersin moderndress,wearingspiritual armour.Theiraimisanew orderforChristtheKing.Or againthemovementisacampaignfortherenaissanceofthe practiceamongmenofthetruths ofsimpleChristianity.

StillaccordingtotheGroupers,theGroupworkswithin Churchesofeverydenomination, planningtobringthoseoutside intotheirfoldsandtoawaken thosewithintotheirresponsibilitiesasChristians.itadvocatesnothingthatisnotthe fundamentalbasisofallChristianfaithandtakesnosidesin sectariandisputes.

Somuchfortheaimsingeneral. Tocomedowntothe practical,theGroupconcentrates attentiononfotirpoints,the four"absolutes"-absolutehonesty,absolutepurity,absolute unselfishness,absolutelove.As theabsoluteexampleoftheperfectpracticeofthesefourpoints theGrouptakesJesusChrist andsotheirstrivingafterthese absolutesisequivalenttostrivingtounderstandandimitate Christasperfectlyaspossible.

Theadoptionoftheseaimsand idealsconstitutesaspiritualrebirth.Theordinarymanmust be"changed."Tobringabout this"change"andtomaintain itisthefunctionofthefour activities,Sharing,Surrender, RestitutionandGuidance.

FOURCENTRALACTIVITIES

Sharingisthetellingortalkingoverofoursinswithanother whoselifehasalreadybeensurrenderedtoGod,orifwehave alreadysurrendered,assisting otherstosurrenderbyopenly layingourpastsinsorpresent temptationsalongsidetheirs,so thattheymaybeablebetterto recogniseandbringtolight thosesinswhichhavestoodbetweenthemandGod.

Surrenderisthenamegivenin theGrouptotheactualpassing romalifeofsintoaGod-guid(.1andChrist-consciouslife.It thegivingupoftheoldineffectivesprituallifeandthe takingupofalifeofspiritual activityineverythingonethinks, doesorsays.Oragainitis describedasthecompleteseverancefromtheoldselfandan endeavourtolivebyGod'sguidanceasonewithChrist.Itis recommendedthattheinitialact ofsurrendertoGodbemadein thepresenceofanotherperson whohasalreadybeen"changed."

Restitutionistherightingto thebestofourpresentability ofwrongswehavecommittedin thepast.Thisislookedonas aconcreteproofofthechange oflife.

Guidanceisdefinedbythe Groupersastheactionofthe HolySpiritintakinganormal intelligenceanddirectingitin thefullestharmonywithHiswill forthegoodoftheindividual andhisneighbours.Thisguid-

anceissoughtbymeansofwhat iscalledtheQuietTime.Groupersarerecommendedtospend sometimeeachmorningbefore thebeginningoftheday'sround incommuningwiththeHoly Spirit.Theyarealsoadvised touseapencilandnotebookto recordthethoughtsthatariseiii them.Itisalsointendedthat theQuietHourshouldinclude prayer. Such,then,inoutlineisthe OxfordGroupMovement.Ihops thatinspiteofthecondensation thissketchisnotdistorted.I havetakenitfromthemost coherentofthevariousexposi tionsofthesubjectwhichIhave comeacross.Thisiscontained inabookentitled"Whatisthe OxfordGroup"leiagrouper callinghimself"TheLayman withaNoteBook."

PROMOTING INDIFFERENTISM

Nowcometoourquestion: Whatshouldbetheattitudeof CatholicstotheOxfordGroup Movement?"Therearereally severalquestionsinvolved.I amnotgoingtotreatatlength thequestionofwhatourattitude shouldbetowardstheindividual Groupers.Theanswertothat questionisclear.Thosepeople aremenofgoodwill,honestly seekingthelightandhavea clearclaimtoalltheunderstandingandsympathyandhelp thatwecangivethem.Their sincerity,reachingattimesto heroicheights,isworthyofadmiration.Weshoulddoubtless profitbytheirexample.

Buttocometothequestionof themovementitself.Thefirst thingthatisobvioustoevery Catholicisthathecannothimself takeanyactivepartinthedoingsoftheGroup.Inspiteof theGroupers'assertionandbelieftothecontrarythegroupis actuallyequivalenttoareligioussect.Ithasabodyofdoctrinewhichinseveralparticulars deniesexplicitlysomefundamentalpointsofCatholicdoctrine. Grouppracticesare opentocriticismbothfromthe viewpointoftheologyandof soundpsychology.

1.NoCatholiccanhaveany partinthereductionofthe truthconfidedtotheChurchby Christ,toakindofhighest commonfactor.TheMovement explicitlyattemptsthis.Itis officiallynotinterestedin dogma.Ittakesnosidesinthe disputesbetween religious sects.Theimplicationisthat dogma'isofnogreatimportance.Thatisfalse.

2.ItisassertedthatSharing isnotintendedasasubstitute forsacramentalconfession whenthesharerbelongstoa denominationwhichrecognises thesacramentofpenance.The Grouppositioninthismatter isnotverylogical.Itboils downtothis.Thereallyimportantthingistoshareone'ssins withanother.Thejoyandconsolationthatonegetsfromopeningthehearttoafellowman andthehelpandadvicethatis obtainedfromtheaddedwisdomofasecondheadiswhat reallymatters.Whetherone alsosubmitsthepastsinsto onewhohaspowerfromGod toforgivesinsisofnogreat consequence.Thefactthatit belongstoGodtodecidehow sinsaretobeforgivenand thlatHehas,infact,decided doesnotseemtohavedawned ontheGroupers.

3.Itwouldbeinterestingto *nlowitowhatextentthe Group'sclaimtoleadmembers ofChurchesbacktothepractice oftheirreligionhasbeenverified.ItwouldparticularlyinterestCatholicstoknowwhetheranycarelessCatholicshave beenbroughtbacktotheChurch. Thefirststepforthem,of course,wouldbetoquitthe

Movement. Ihavehetrdof onlyonenon-practisingCatholic velojoinedupwiththeOxford. Hehadbeenconnectedwiththe Movementforsomeyearswhen lastIheardofhimandshowed nosignsofareturntothepracticeofhisreligion.

DANGERSINHERENTIN "SHARING"

4.Thepracticeofsharingis obectionableinitself.Thediscussionofone'spastsinswith anyTom,DickorHarry,no matterhowsincere,isfraught withmanydangers.TheCatholicChurchrequireslongpre- parationfromherpriestsbeforesheallowsthemtohear confessions.Shehastheaccumulatedwisdomofcloseon twothousandyears'experience atherdisposal.Thestudyof moraltheologywithaviewto hearingconfessionsissomethingthatnopriestlaysaside whileheisengagedinthecure ofsouls.TheGroupseemsto thinkthatthisofficeofphy- sicianofsoulscanbeusurped bythegreenestofitsconverts. Theideaisabsurd.Therearea numberofotherobjectionsto thepracticewhich1passover.

5.Surrender,asunderstoodby theGroup,seemstobelargely amatterofemotion.Itissug- gestedthatthedangerofsin ceaseswiththesurrender.This is,ofcourse,contrarytoboth experienceandCatholicdoctrine.Sinonceforgivenisforgivenforever,butthatforgivenessdoesnotdestroythepos- sibilityoffuturetemptations andfuturefalls.TheCatholic surrendertoGodisalifelong process;thereisnocomplete, instantaneousattainmentofthe perfectionofself-surrender.I thinksomeofthewiserGroupersrealisethis.

6.Guidanceinthesensein whichitisunderstoodinthe Movementcaneasilybecomethe extravagantexpectationofdi-feetinspirationfromtheHoly Ghost.Whenthatstageisreacheditisonlyonestepfurther totheidentifyingofone'sown ideaswiththeguidanceofGod.

IamafraidsomeGroupers makethatstep. Thesearejustafewofthe objectionswhichwouldoccurto aCatholic.

CATHOLICSAT NON-CATHOLICFUNERALS

"Wondering,"NorthPerth:

"WhatistheCatholicposition withregardtoCatholicsattendingProtestantfuneralsin apubliccemetery?"

A.:Afuneralispartlyareligiousfunctionandpartlya socialone.Asregardsthesocial partofthefuneral,thereisno specialdifficulty.Hencethereis noreasonwhyaCatholicshould notshowhisregardforthedeceasedbyaccompanyinghisremainstotheirlastrestingplace.

Thereligiouspartofthe funeralwouldconsistnormally ofsomeserviceeitheratthe residenceofthedeceasedorat somechapelorchurchandof theburialserviceatthegraveside.ThecodeofCanonLaw laysdownthatCatholicsmay takenoactivepartinnonCatholicreligiousservices.As regardsmerepassivepresence atanon-Catholicservicethe Code,in leavestheultimateanalysis, thedecisiontothelocal bishop.Thatisreallyveryreasonable,asthismatterisaninstanceofcircumstanceschangingcases.Thebishopisina positiontojudgetheinfluence ofcircumstancesinhisownterritory.Thepracticehereasregardsfuneralsissimplythis. ACatholicdoesnotenterthe Protestantchurchforthefirst partofthereligiousceremony. Iftheceremonytookplacein aresidence,hewouldquietly withdrawwhenitcem;meneed

Atthegraveside,whiletheactualburialserviceisinprogress,heshouldmoveaside slightlysothatifanybusybodywasobservinghimwith theobjectoftakingscandal fromhispresenceatanonCatholicservice,hewouldbe disappointed.ThereisnoreasonwhytheCatholicshouldnot offeraprayerprivatelyatthis timeforthereposeofhisProtestantfriend.

Thereisjustonecasewhicn mightcauseyousomedoubt. ItmighthappenthataCatholic occupyinganofficialposition wouldhavetobepresenteven atthereligiousportionofthe obsequiesofanon-Catholic.The circumstancesofhisofficial positionshouldbesufficientto makeitcleartoanyinterested personthattheCatholicwas merelypresentinhisofficial capacityandwasnottakingany activepartinanon-Catholic religiousfunction.

WHYCATHOLICSBELIEVE INTHEASSUMPTION

"FollowerofChrist,"Inglewood: "Iheardyousayrecentlythat theVirginMaryistheMother ofGod.IfollowedyourreasoningandIcanagreewith you.Butwherecanyoushow mereasonforalltherestyou CatholicssayabouttheVirgin

.y

44.

te; et%

Mary?Whatauthorityhas theCatholicChurch,other thantraditionforsayinthtrhistat MarytheMotherof wasraisedfromthetombin amannersimilartoChrist Himself;andwhatauthority haveyouforclaimingthat Marywascrowned"Queenof Heaven,"amidstgalaxiesof angels?Isnotthisakind ofwishfulthinkingthatthe CatholicChurchhascapitalisedintoadeclarationof fact?"

A.:Firstofall,"Followerof Christ,"theChurchdoesnot claimthatMarywasraisedfrom thetombinamannersimilarto Christ.InthecaseofOurLord, Hissoul,whichhadbeenseparatedfromHisBodyatdeath, returnedtothetombearlyon themorningofthethirdday.It wasreunitedtoHisBodyand thenChristbyHisownpower arosefromthedead.Heremained40daysonearth,visiting Hisownfrequentlyduringthat time,tocomfortthem,toinstructthemandtocompletethe workofestablishingHisChurch. AttheendofthattimeHetook farewellofthemandagainby Hisownpowerascendedinto Heaven.SointhecaseofChrist werightlyspeakofHisresurrectionandascension.

Mary'scaseisreallyquite different.WespeakofherAs(ContinuedonPage19.)

OntheRoad CityBeach.WEMBLEYHOTEL

PhoneB3418

CANNING

FirstClass Accommodation.

By FrancisGilbert

AFIRFORDEMOCRACY!

Duringtheelectioncampaign thispaper,accordingtoitstradition,hadnocommenttooffer eitheronthepersonaldesirabilityofcandidatesnoronthe policiesputforwardbyindividualsorparties.Thisisnottobe understood,however,asabdicatingtherighttospeakonpolitical issueswhentheyinvolveencroachmentsontherightsofindividualsoroftheChurch,or whentheyimpingeuponthe provinceofFaithormorals.The Churchofficiallyreservesthis rightandhasinrecentyears invokeditpracticallyonseveral importantoccasions.Onerecalls thesensationlastyearwhen,on theeveoftheFrenchandItalian elections,theHolyFatherwarnedvotersthattheissueinvolved waswhethertheChristianway oflifeshouldcontinueorgodown intooblivionSimilarly,beforethe waritwasCardinalVanRoey's interventionintheBelgianelectionswhichbroughtaboutthe downfalloftheResistParty underLeonDegrelle.Mostrecently,CardinalHlondissuedan importantstatementjustpriorto thePolish"elections."Thatissue, however,hadbeenlongsince riggedinMoscow,andalthough theCardinal'sstatementwas sweptawayunderawaveofterrorism,hisstatementofthe rightsoftheChurchinsuchcircumstancesofthedutiesofCatholicsisalastingcontributionto avexedandwilfully-confused issue.

Nowthatourownelectionsare overandtheresultsseematthe momentofwritingtoindicatea defeatoftheGovernment,itmay notbeunseasonabletoindulgein afewreflections.Forastart, itseemstomeawretched positionwhenthemassofvoters recordtheirpreferencesalong Partylines.Forapartfromthe principlesofaparticularParty (whichmustneedsbestatedin themostgeneralterms),thereis norealguideastofuturepoliticalaction.Ipresumeherethat weareallsicktodeathofexpediency,trialanderrorpolitics. Butatleastwhenweelectto Parliamentamanofknownin-

tegrityandabilityinhisprivate lifeandbusinessdealings,weare doingsomethingtoreducethe regimentationandsuppressiveinfluenceofthePartymachinery. Foramanofgenuineintegrity whowillsuffernooneandno thingtodictatetohisconscience inpersonalaffairsmayreasonablybeexpectedtoactinasimilarwayregardingthecommon good.

Anotheraspectoftheelections ohichstrikesmepossiblyisthis. Eventhemostrabidsupporterof theFederalGovernment,ifheis intellectuallyhonest,cannotdeny thatitisbestontheacquirement ofvastlyaugmentedpower.I amnotnowdiscussingwhether ornotthepowersitseeksare necessary,butitneedsavery smallobservationofhumannaturetoknowtheywillbedan gtrous.Foroncetheprinciple ofsubsidiarityisabandoned(and despitelip-serviceitisinextremityinourcountry),thepassionforcentralisedpolitical powercannotbecontained.Even ifonegrantsitisnecessaryor desirable,prudencestillcounsels settingupofnew,orthe activisingofexistingsafetydevices.Thebestprecautioninthis caseseemstometohaveOppositiongovernmentsintheStates whichwillnotonlyfightforthe preservationofStaterights,but aspoliticalpowerbecomesmore ..ntralisedwillinsistondecentralisationofeconomicpower. Andinproportion,too,ascentral governmentbecomesmoreformidable,itwouldseemwiseto changethecolourofthegovernmentmorefrequently.Suchactiononthepartoftheelectors mightactasatimelywarning topoliticianswhowerebecoming headywithpower.

Anothermatteraffectingelectionsasthetrulyfreeexpression ofthepeople'swillisthecompulsoryvote.Itiscertainlydepressingthatatthiscriticalstage inworldhistorythereshouldbe foundalmostuniversalapathy regardingpolitics,butthefact isthere.Anditismorethan doubtfulwhetherlethargycan becuredbycoercion.Peoplewho aredriventothepollingbooth bythedesiretoavoidafineare notlikelytoworryverymuch

abouthowtheyvote.Theextraordinarynumberofinformal votescastisevidencethatcompulsoryvotinghasbecomefarcical.Moreover,itiscertainthat alphabeticalpriorityhasbecome anincreasinglyimportantconsideration,somuchsothatrecentlyapoliticiansuggestedhe wouldchangehisnamebyDeed PolltoAble.

Whilethingsareinthisstate peoplewillcertainlygetthegovernmentstheydeserve.Ifeternal vigilanceisthepriceofliberty( itissmallwonderthattyranny isonthemarchinthedemocracies.Andifwecannotorderour ownhouse,how,inheaven's name,arewetoteachtheGermansandtheJapanesehowto beintelligentlyandalertlydemocratic?

ACALLTOEX-SERVICEMEN

Therecommendationsofthe AnzacDaycommitteereported inthePressduringtheweek areinclinedtomaketheCatholic communityalittlemorethan short-tempered.Wereadamong theirproposalsthat"theRoman Catholiccommunity"istobe invitedannuallytoparticipatein thenationalservice.Thiscrops upyearafteryear,blithlyignoringthattheCatholiccommunity cannottakepartintheAnzac Daycommemorationpreciselybe. causeitisnotanationalservice butanon-Catholicreligiousservice.WehavedrawnpublicattentiontotheconscientiousobjectionsofCatholicstothis schemeofthingsonatleast sixoccasionsbytheex-secretary oftheR.S.L.(Mr.D.Benson) thatourrequestforachangein theobservancewasreasonable andwouldbebroughttothenoticeoftheauthorities.

thatthephrase"alienorigin" referstotheJewishpeople.There isnoreasonwhyinquirieson thisheadshouldnotbeinstituted exceptforthatphychologicalreticencewhichhasbeendeliberately fosteredinregardtoanydiscussionoftheJewishquestion. Themosthonestenquirerislikely tobefobbedoffattheoutset bythecompletelyunwarranted chargeofanti-Semitism.Itis allpartofthewilfullydesigned plantopreventanyprobingof theJewishproblemanditseffects ontheGentilesaresecretresentmentfortheJews,hatred hornoffearoutofignorance. Thereareamplereasonswhy Australiansshouldknowwhat proportionofmigrantsisJewish. Yetallthesatisfactionthatcan beelicitedfromtheCommonwealthStatisticianastothenumberofarrivalsinAustraliaduring1946isfromtheentry"Palestinia,"whichshowsafigure of156outofatotalofpermanentnewarrivalsof18,217.Itis explainedthattheterm"Palestinian"coverspersonsdescribed simplyasJews,whereasaproportionofthenumbershownunderGerman,AustrianandPolish racescanalsobedescribedas Jewish.Thepracticehasbeento codeGermanJews,Austrian-Jews,

etc.,asGermans,Austrians,etc.

Itisaveryperniciouspractice ir.thatitmisleadsAustralians astothetruestatisticalposition;itisunwelcometothe raceswhosedescriptionsthey bear,anditisharmfultothe Jewsbecauseitappearsasdeceitandfurtiveness.Justnow, whentheJewishterroristsIn Palestinewiththeconnivance andsupportoftheirpowerfulinterestsinAmerica.areinbad odourtheworldover,thereis nopointinmakingunnecessary troublebypretendingtotheAUStalianpeoplethatcertainJews areGermans,AustriansorPoles. ThereisatendencyhereaselsewheretosuspectJewsofunfair economicdominationandsuch subterfugeshelpneitherside.Nor isitsubtleforthePrimeMinistertotalkofpeopleofthe JewishfaithasifeveryJew wereasynagogueadherentand asiftheJewishproblemwerea religiousandnotaracialone. Itwouldbefarpreferableto giveustheunvarnishedtruthas thepressiswillingtodoinregardtothewealththeyhave smuggledoutoftheirerstwhile homelands.Ifwehavethetruth now.thereneedbenoJewish probleminAustralia'sfuture.

TrainingGirlsforBusiness Appointments

Wehavebeenengagedonthistaskforover30years, andduringthattimehavetrainedandplacedmanythousandsofyounggirlsinpromisingpositions.

OurJUNIORSECRETARIALCOURSE hasbeenespeciallyinauguratedtocovertherequirements ofyounggirlsfromtheordinaryschoolswhodesireto qualifyforofficepositions. Therearenosettermdatesandstudentsmaycommence atanytime.Weinviteyourenquiry.

Ifyouareunabletocall,writeorphoneB6010,B6561 fordetails.

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Sincethesameoldbusiness isinprocessagain,wecanonly presumethatCatholicrepresentationcarriesnoweightatall withtheAnzacDaycommittee. Inthatcasetheymighthave thedecencytoceaseexhorting usannuallytoparticipateintheir sectarianobservance,thusconveyingtothenon-Catholicpublictheimpressionthatweabstainoutofperversityorapathy. ThefactisthatCatholicsare expresslyforbiddenbyChurch lawtotakepartinnon-C religiousservices.Andthereis noreasonwhateverwhyAnzac Daycouldheobservedby ligiousservicesinthechurchesof therespectivedenominationsand thenationalobservancebeheld onastrictlysecularbasis.It isablowtoournationalpride tobedebarredfromsuchanationalobservanceandourexclusioncannolongerbeattributed totheignoranceoftheorganisingcommittee.Iftheywillnot heedthereasonedandofficial representationsofCatholics,then thetimehascomeforCatholic ex:servicemenandwomeninthe R.S.L.todemandtheirrights.

HOWMANYJEWS?

Itseemstomethatthereis agreatdealofdishonestyin thewranglesthataregoingon aboutimmigration,especiallyin thecontroversybetweenthe R.S.L.andtheMinisterforImmigration(Mr.Calwell).Whereastheprimarycauseofthe troublemightseemtobethe disproportionbetweenmigrants ofBritishstockandthoseof "alienorigin,"Icannotbutfeel

NEWBOOKSFORSUBSCRIBERSINCLUDE:

THISOTHEREDEN(Catherine Gaskin),THEUNIFORMOF GLORY(P.C.Wren),INMY FASHION(Dr.HerbertM. Moran),HIGHWAYTOHAPPINESS(MollyWaring),ROMANTICFUGITIVE(Sheila Burns),THEYLIVEDTHAT SPRING(F.J.Thwaites),THE TURQUOISE(AnyaSeton), THEMILLOFHAPPINESS (JeanBarre),DEARYESTERDAY(LindenSnow),THE PIPINGTIMES(JefferyFar-

nol),CROSSGAITS(Isabel Cameron),THEFRIENDLY PERSUASION(Jessamya West),THEHAPPYPRISONER (MonicaDickens),DEATHOF ATRAIN(FreemanWills Crofts),THEMANWHOGOT EVENWITHGOD(FatherM. Raymond),MOSCOW1979(Erik &ChristianevonKuchnuttLeddihn),THEWILDERNESS TREK(ZaneGrey).

ADDRESS:36PierStreet, Perth(PhoneB5754).Hours: 9.30a.m.to6p.m.Saturdays 9.30a.m.to1p.m.

theorchestra, willproduceworksofasmaller scale,andinparticularlyletthe communityhearthebeautiful MassesofMozart,Haydnand Schubertwhich,thoughnowconsideredunsuitableforliturgical purposes,areverybeautifuland oftendeeplyreligiousmusic.It isalsohopedtoperformsome

opportunitiesofperformingsolo worksliketheconcertosofBach andMozart.Themembersofthe choirwillalsobegivenopportunitiesofsingingarias,etc., withtheorchestra.

TheSociety'sfirstventurewill bethe".StabatMater"byDvorak, anoratorioforchoir,orchestra andsoloists.Thelatterwillbe CarmelMoran(soprano),MargaretAtkinson(mezzo-soprano), AustinCoulihan(tenor)and JosephAtkinson(bass).Onthe samenighttheSocietywilljoin theCathedralPlayersandSt. Mary'sCathedralChoirinpresentingaPassionPlaybyRobert HughBenson,"TheUpper Room."TheseworkswillbepresentedintheCathedralHallon Thursday,FridayandSaturday, the27th,28thand29thof March.ReservationsatNicholsons.

ITSTARTSATONCE

Fromthemomentonepurchasesaticketin"Charities" onehasachanceofwinning £3,000firstprize.Buyaticket todayintheNo.357Consultation.

ce aryoftheChurchinW.A.,one isconstrainedtothinkthatthe NewNorciamagazine.aboveall others,shouldhavestool landmarkforfuturegenerations topointthewaybackto memorableoccasionnowslipping awayfromus.Ai,. mentionedintheForeward,the magazineisNewNoroia'sonly organofexpression.

Certainly,prideofplaceis giventoanarticlebyD.B.L. reportinginwordandpicture thespecialTriduum(May10-12) bywhichthecentenarywasofficiallyobserved;butoneclings tothebeliefthatsomething muchbettercouldhavebeen achievedonthisoccasion.There arenocolourblocks.andHis Eminence,CardinalGilroy.is seenonlyinsnapshotstaken duringtheHierarchy'svisitto NewNorcia.

Anothernotable.omission-from thisschoolannualistheday hy-daychronicleoflifeatS.I.C. Thisusedtomakeinteresting readingforeveryoneservingto recallincidentswhichotherwise couldheforgotten.

46

BUILDACHRISTIAN THEATRE

Dramatist'sAdvicetoStudents

Thereisadesperateneedfor peopletogettogetherandact playscharacteristicoftheChristiantheatre,"saiddramatistJohn Farrell,addressingapacked chaplaincymeetingoftheUniversityofLiverpoolCatholicSociety,recently,on"SocialAction."Weneedpeopletomake Gheon,Chesterton,Claudel,SayersandEliot,forexample,availableonthestageforour people,"saidMr.Farrell. Dealingwithotherfieldsof SocialActionhesuggestedthat inordertobeeffective"weshall havetoreduceallclassbarriers withinourownterritory.To perpetuatethemistoplaythe gameofthesecularstatewhich missesnoopportunitytoweaken theunitythatshouldbeours.

"Communismthreatenstosplit theworldastheReformation splitEurope.Inthe16thcenturycounter-reformationanew orderofpriestsarosetomeet

5,..

OTHELUCE

isintelligent. ousandnewsshealsoisthewife rofthreepowerDoubtfulasher onthosemagauallybe,herinionwiththem weightandnewsallshesaysand tactsinthepress numerous-andshe usethemwithunI.Thislegislatorist-playwrightamasterfulmind charm;nomatter amandisagrees oint.healmost ipliccumbstothe ngisusuallyfar ce.Bythetime ationsareachaveforgotten ewhoinstigated hasbecomeabthingelse.She intotheChurch

EEDITOR

isofyourissueof vidcdaninteresting ngcontrast-the erandthehumiliMartindePorres. rememberanenthupriestwho,tomy tionchidedmefor ble.Ithoughthe uthumannature, metoprayfor throatsitwould ierformetoslit. wasdomineering meImustlay rdbeforeapproach aments.Timewent seedofhiswords permeatedmysys strangerthanfie 11showtheinflifprayermayhave ofindividuals; changes that miraculous,because usualinordinary Menandwomen theageshave is.ve esecretofeffectual prayer.

Sincethentheprayeratthe endoftheMass(ThrustSatan intoHellandwithhimall wickedspirits)hasirritatedme anddeepinmyheartIquickly add,"Havemercyontheprodigals."

ToBlessedMartindePorres Iprayregularlythatbyimitatinghim,allprodigalsmayreceivethelightofFaith,the graceofrepentanceandthe virtueofhumility.HadIbeen taughtthisinchildhoodI etc.,

wouldnothavebeensomuchin needofalessonincharitywhen grewolder. , AParent.

thedefectionofappiest.andin thisthecounter-reformationof the20thcenturythePopehas summonedwhatisvirtuallya neworderoflaymentomeetthe threatoftherenegadelayman."

Iscruninations

"THEUPPERROOM"

MovingPassionPlayWithChoraland OrchestralBackground

DuringPassionWeekthe CathedralPlayerswillcombine withthenewly-formedChoir ofSt.Ceciliainapresentation ofRobertHughBenson'sPassionPlay,"TheUpperRoom." Thisdramaticrepresentationof thePassion,givenwithappropriateinstrumentalandchoral accompaniment,shouldbesomethingquiteexceptional.Those hundredsofpeoplewhowe!e unabletogainadmittancetothe PassionWeekdramalastyear.

HenriGheon's"Wayofthe Cross,"shouldavoiddisappointmentthistimebybookingearlyatNicholsons.Theplansarenow open.

IncidentsbearingonthePassionofOurDivineLordwillbe depictedonthestage,intheroom whereJesusandHisdisciples gatheredforTheLastSupper. Theplaywillprobablyopento

thesingingof"0Comeand Mourn,"with"PangeLingua" following;theReproaches(PopulemeusquidFecitibi,etc) willbesungintermittently.Very Rev.Dr.J.T.McMahonwill takepartintheplay,whichwill beproducedbyMr.James Quinn.Othersinthecastare PeggyNunn,CeliaReith,Mary Moir,RobertWilliams,Lloyd Lawson,KenRogers,RaySmith andRonEvans.

"TheUpperRoom"isanattempttopresentthestoryof thePassioninsuchawayas tobewithinthelimitationsAf asmallstage.Thescene,therefore,isthesamethroughout; thecostumesandpropertiesand thestaginggenerallyareofthe simplestcharacter;and,for viousreasons,theFigureofOur DivineLorddoesnotappearat all.

Dvorales"StabatMater

ACatholicMusician'sMasterpiece

ThemovingSequenceofthe MassoftheSevenSorrowsof OurLadyhasinspiredmany Catholicmusicians,includingPalestrina,towritemasterpiecesof musictoitswords.Thebes-t knownispossiblyRossini's,the mostbeautifulPalestrina's,but themosthumanandmoving Dvorak's.Herewehavethe Dvorakofhauntingmelodies pouringoutalmostunendingly lineafterlineofbeautifulsong.

Itismostappropriatethatthe secondoftheperformancestobe givenduringthecomingweekon Thursday,FridayandSaturday, the27th,28thand29th,should fallontheFeastoftheSeven Dolours.

Amodernwriter,speakingof this"StabatMater,"says:"It isfulloflovelymusic,anda remarkablefirstessayforits composertohavewritten."

"Domesticlosswasaddedto

religiousfeelingwhenthework wasinprocessofcomposition (1876),butinanycaseall Dvorak'sreligiousmusicispurelysubjective.HeknewPalestrina,buthisapproachhadtobe differentfromtheselflessoneof thegreatmaster.Hisformsare unliturgical-therewerealso practicalandmaterialreasons forthis-andhismanneris baroque. "Hehadtofillalargecanvas, tospaceoutthewordsinto movementswhichwouldgivehis soloistsmoreorlessequalopportunity.Handel'sheritagelay heavyonallcomposerswhotook theEnglishmarketintotheir calculation,butinfacinghis taskDvorakshowsconsiderable imaginationandavoidssomeof theconventionsverysuccessfully."ThisworkisoftenreferredtoasthefirstCzech Oratorio.

TheSocietyof$t.Cecilia

ANewCatholicMusicSociety

OurInstitutionsandteachers havealwaysprovidedthecommunitywithmanytalentedmasicians,bothinstrumentalistsand singers.Somefewhavepassed intotheranksoftheprofessionals,butmost,andnotalways theleasttalented,havechosen otherwalksoflife,keepingtheir musicasahobby.Theselatter,however,forlackofstimulus andopportunity,sooftenneglect theirhard-earnedaccomplishment finallydriftintogivingitup altogether.Evenforthosewho wouldliketomakemusictheir life-workthereisnotmuchopportunity,andinparticularthe music-makingactivitiesofaConservatoriumareverymuchmissed.

Tomakeupforthislack,a newsocietyhasbeenformedby theRev.FatherLynch,comprised ofanorchestra(strings)anda choir.Itisneverintendedtobe alargecombination;rathera "chamberorchestraandchoir" suitedtotheSociety'spresent home,theCathedralHall.The choir,supportedbytheorchestra, willproduceworksofasmaller scale,andinparticularlyletthe communityhearthebeautiful MassesofMozart,Haydnand Schubertwhich,thoughnowconsideredunsuitableforliturgical purposes,areverybeautifuland oftendeeplyreligiousmusic.It isalsohopedtoperformsome

Challengeto.

Sir,

Whenitcomestodramatic criticisminPerthproducers havelearnttosufferfoolsglad ly;butonecannotpassunchallengedtheunbalancedreporton myproductionof"Pego'My Heart"appearinginyourissue ofMarch12.

Perthiswellprovidedwith experienced,capableandconscientiousproducersbutcompetentcriticsareasrareassnow ontheSahara.Sane,constructivecriticismfromexperienced menoftheTheatrewouldbe warmlywelcomedbyplayers andproducersalike,butwe havetoomanychocolate-cream soldiersofthepenreadytorush intoprintprovidedtheycan firetheirammunitionbehindthe smoke-screenofanonymity. Theyhavethemistakenidea thatthreeorfourmoderately successfulperformancesunder thedirectionofagoodproducer fitsthemfortheroleofdramaticcritic.Eventhemostunskilledcancriticisedestructively, andnoperformance,however good,canweatherthestormof determinedlyhostilecriticism. Constructivecriticism.onthe contrary,requiresasoundknowledgeofone'ssubject.whichin thiscaseincludesanunderstandingofhumannature,anappreciationofthegoodandbadin dramaandathoroughground. inginthetechniqueofstagecraft.Animpartialmindisalso anasset.Forheaven'ssakelet ushavesignedcritiquesandwe willbeginto!Tepeetheopinionssofreelyofferedbyour Critics,evenifweareunableat times,toseeeyetoeyewith them.

Yourcriticapparentlyhaslittle appreciation of dramatic values.Heexpectsfrom'-'Peg o'MyHeart"thesubletyand strengthof"Granite,"or

BOOKREVIEW

oftheCantatasofBachand similarworks. Theorchestraforitspartwill performworksinwhichstrings predominate,suchassomeofthe ConcertiGrossioftheoldmasters,andalsotogivetomembers opportunitiesofperformingsolo worksliketheconcertosofBach andMozart.Themembersofthe choirwillalsobegivenopportunitiesofsingingarias,etc., withtheorchestra.

TheSociety'sfirstventurewill bethe"StabatMater"byDvorak, anoratorioforchoir,orchestra andsoloists.Thelatterwillbe CannelMoran(soprano),MargaretAtkinson(mezzo-soprano), AustinCoulihan(tenor)and JosephAtkinson(bass).Onthe samenighttheSocietywilljoin theCathedralPlayersandSt. Mary'sCathedralChoirinpresentingaPassionPlaybyRobert HughBenson, Upper Room."TheseworkswillbepresentedintheCathedralHallon Thursday,FridayandSaturday, the27th,28thand29thof March.ReservationsatNicholsons.

ITSTARTSATONCE

Fromthemomentonepurchasesaticketin"Charities" onehasachanceofwinning 63,000firstprize.Buyaticket todayintheNo.367Consultation.

PlayCritique

"ChristmasintheMarketPlace."Pego'MyHeart" is acommercialcomedy pureandsimple,revolving aroundtheheroine,Peg,andto alesserdegree,Alaric,andtreatingtherestofthecastas littlemorethanstooges.Our presentationendeavouredtoinfuselifeintotheotherthanklesscharactersand,asproducer Icommendmyplayersfortheir successinthisuphilltask.

The36-yearsoldscriptis praisedbyyourcriticforits freshness;buthashereadit?

Orwasitthattheskillofthe playersconveyedthisimpression?Thecriticunwittingly paysthematributeinpraising thequalityoftheplay.

Yourcriticindictsthesound effectsoftheproduction.Itmust berememberedthattheCathedralHalllacksthemechanical devicesofDruryLaneorRadio CityorevenofthePerthRepertoryClub.

Itisalmostapitythatthe setappealedtothecriticand earnedhispraise.Thisappears asablemishonanotherwiseunsulliedsheetofcondemnationof theworkoftheproducer.

InconclusionImustthank theeditorofthe"Record"for hiscourtesyinallowingthisreplytobepublishedinfull. Yoursetc.

CyrilRiley.

Ourreviewercommentsonthe aboveletter:-

Thereareonlytwopoints I wishtomakeinanswertoMr. Riley'sletter:

(1)IfMr.Rileyreallythinks hissupportingcharacterswere infusedwithlife,then,his lackofdiscernmentisevenmore obviousthanIsupposed;

(2)K.F.W.standsforKennethFrederickWatts,which takesupfartoomuchspace.

Thankingyou,K.F.W.

NewNorciaMagazine

TheannualmagazineofSt. Ildephonsus'College,NewNorcia,cametohandrecently.

Atfirstglance,andconsidered solelyasaschoolmagazine,it comparesmorethanfavourably withsimilarpublications.Itis attractivelyprintedonartpaper andiswellintroducedbyits familiarandever-beautifulcover designincorporatingtheCollege crest.Muchinterestingreading matterandmanyguru appearthroughoutits160pages.

Butwhenonerememoersthat 1946wastheCentenaryYear ofNewNorcia,andwhenone recallstheglitteringpagea. thataccompaniedtheState-wide celebrationstomarktheCentenaryoftheChurchinW.A.,one isconstrainedtothinkthatthe NewNorciamagazine.aboveall others,shouldhaveSteenas landmarkforfuturegenerations topointthewaybackto memorableoccasionnowslipping awayfromus. mentionedintheForeward,the magazineisNewNonla'sonly organofexpression.

Certainly,prideofplaceis giventoanarticlebyD.B.L. reportinginwordandpicture thespecialTriduum(May10-12) bywhichthecentenarywasofficiallyobserved;butoneclings tothebeliefthatsomething muchbettercouldhavebeen achievedonthisoccasion.There arenocolourblocks,andHis Eminence,CardinalGilroy.is seenonlyinsnapshotstaken duringtheHierarchy'svisitto NewNorcia.

Anothernotableomission..frern thisschoolannualisthedayby-daychronicleoflifeat ThisusedtomakeInteresting readingforeveryoneservingto recallincidentswhichotherwise wouldbeforgotten.

Thereistheusualandvery popularcall-overofOld-Boys whohavemaintainedcontact withtheirAssociation,anote ontheGeneralChapterofthe MaristBrothers,reportsonthe GoldenJubileesofArchbishop DuhigandBrotherGuibertus(a formerDirectorofS.I.C.)andan articleontheRightRev.AnthonyM.Marcet,LordAbbotof Montserrat.whodiedinMayof lastyear.ThereisalsothecustomarysectiondealingwithSt. Gertrude'sGirls'Collegeand muchotherreadingmatterof particularinteresttothosewho knowNewNorcia. -DEGUSTIBUS.

BUILDACHRISTIAN THEATRE

Dramatist'sAdvicetoStudents

Thereisadesperateneedfor peopletogettogetherandact playscharacteristicoftheChristiantheatre,"saiddramatistJohn Farrell.addressingapacked chaplaincymeetingoftheUniversityofLiverpoolCatholicSociety,recently,on"SocialAction."

"Weneedpeopletomake Gheon,Chesterton,Claudel,SayersandEliot.forexample,availableonthestageforour people,"saidMr.Farrell. Dealingwithotherfieldsof SocialActionhesuggestedthat inordertobeeffective"weshall havetoreduceallclassbarriers withinourownterritory.To perpetuatethemistoplaythe gameofthesecularstatewhich missesnoopportunitytoweaken theunitythatshouldbeours.

"Communismthreatenstosplit theworldastheReformation splitEurope.Inthe16thcenturycounter-reformationanew orderofpriestsarosetomeet

CLAREBOOTHELUCE

ClareLuceisintelligent, clever,glamorousandnewsmaking-andshealsoisthewife ofthepublisherofthreepowerfulmagazines.Doubtfulasher directinfluenceonthosemagazinesmayactuallybe,herintimateconnectionwiththem gives.addedweightandnewsworthinesstoallshesaysand does.Hercontactsinthepress andradioarenumerous-andshe knowshowtousethemwithuncommonskill.Thislegislatoreditor-columnist-playwrightactresscouplesamasterfulmind withfemininecharm;nomatter howintenselyamandisagrees withherviewpoint,healmost inevitablysuccumbstothe charm.

Publicthinkingisusuallyfar behindMrs.Luce.Bythetime herrecommendationsareaccepted,peoplelaveforgotten thatitwasshewhoinstigated themandshehasbecomeabsorbedinsomethingelse.She wasreceivedintotheChurch lastyear.

TOTHEEDITOR

Sir, Thecontentsofyourissueof March5providedaninteresting andastrikingcontrast-the prideofLuciferandthehumilityofBlessedMartindePorres.

WelldoIrememberanenthusiasticyoungpriestwho,tomy ownindignationchidedmefor beinguncharitable.Ithoughthe knewlittleabouthumannature, whenhetoldmetoprayfor thosewhosethroatsitwould havebeeneasierformetoslit. Ithoughthewasdomineering whenhetoldmeImustlay downmyswordbeforeapproach ingtheSacraments.Timewent byandtheseedofhiswords tookrootandpermeatedmysys tern,"Factisstrangerthanfic tion,"andwillshowtheladencethatisprayermayhave onthelivesofindividuals; effecting changes that seemtobemiraculous,because theyareunusualinordinary experiences.Menandwomen throughouttheageshave discoveredthesecretofeffectual prayer.

Sincethentheprayeratthe endoftheMass(ThrustSatan intoHellandwithhimall wickedspirits)hasirritatedme anddeepinmyheartIquickly add,"Havemercyontheprodigals."

ToBlessedMartindePorres Iprayregularlythatbyimitatinghim,allprodigalsmayreceivethelightofFaith,the graceofrepentanceandthe virtueofhumility.HadIbeen taughtthisinchildhoodI wouldnothavebeensomuchin needofalessonincharitywhen Igrewolder. trsetc.

AParent.

thedefectionofappiest,andin thisthecounterreformationof the20thcenturythePopehas summonedwhatisvirtuallya neworderoflaymentomeetthe threatoftherenegadelayman."

WageTheoriesand

(ByREV.PROFESSORFELIMO'BRIEN,O.F.M.

Thehumanneedsoftheindividualpersonandfamilyshould betheultimatefactorindeterminingthedistributionofthe nationalincome.Everyhumanbeinghasanequalright,asfaras hisessentialhumannaturegoes,tobefed,clothedandhoused; tohavereasonableleisureand'recreationalfacilities,andopportunitiesofeducationandaculturalandhumanisticdevelopment.

Theconditionshereindescribed applytoEire;buttheprinciples areofgeneralapplication.

Buttheextenttowhichthis idealcanbeattainedwilldepend onanumberofeconomicfactorsthatthesociologistmay finditdifficulttomouldtohis ideal.

Theproblemoftheworkers' shareinthenationalincomeis notaseasyasissometimes thought;thepuresociologistis oftentemptedtoclamourfor socialconditionsthatindustrial andeconomicfactsmakeitimpossibletoachieve.

Ifagroupofhumanbeings areshipwreckedonadesert island,alectureonfundamental humanrightswillbeoflittle comfortorpracticalutilityto them;theurgentproblemfor themwillbe:howmanyofour humanrightscantheresources

ofthisislandsatisfy?Thesociologistmustthereforegointoconsultationwiththeeconomist, whoseexpertstudyofeconomic factsandlawswillproviderealisticinformationastothepossibilityofrealisingthesocial idealandtheproceduretobe adoptedinattainingit.

THEWAGE-EARNERS' SHARE

Atfirstsightthepossibilities ofourislandarebynomeans desertconditions;wearea creditornationwithassetsoutsidethecountrytotheextent of350millionpounds;ourbanks containsavingsdepositsandcursentaccountsintheregionof 300millionpounds;ournational incomeissofne250milli'n poundsayea:. Whatfactorsiletermirethe proportionofthesecomfortable sumsthatfindsitswayintotac

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Princiins

pocketsofPatandMrs.Murphy AsIamdealingwithworkand wages,Idonotproposetoexam Methefactorsthatfixdivalends andprofits.Butwhatflinuences fixthewage-earnersshare?For morethantwocenturestheoristshavebeenthinkingout.clieo riestoexplainthelevelofwages inagivencountry;noneofthe theoriessofarthoughtoutgives acompleteandsatisfyingpicture buteveryoneofthemhas'some usefulbitofpracticalinformation evenforthemodernsocioligist.

OutwornTheories

Theeighteenthcenturywas dominatedbythesubsistencetheoryofwages.Itwasthought thatindustrycouldnotprovide workerswithmorethanawage sufficientforaharesubsistence. Thetheoryhadafallacy,but itprovedthetruththatina countrywithoutrawmaterials andbadlyorganisedindustrial conditions,wagescouldnotrise aboveasubsistencelevel.

Inthenextcentury,economists rangedthemselvestoamanbehindthewages-fundtheory;the levelofwagesdependedonacapitalwage-fundoutofwhichwages wereadvancedtotheworkers.

Onehadonlytodividethisfund bythenumberofworkersto knowautomaticallywhatthe wageshouldhe.Thetheorywas false,butitshowedtheimportanceandnecessityofcapital, whileitsweaknessdemonstrated thegreatimportanceofabundant rawmaterialstomaintainand paywages.

ProductivitytheKey Laterstudentssawthechief weaknessofthewage-fundtheery-thefailuretotaketheproductivityandefficiencyofworkintoaccount;wagesmustultimately bepaidoutofgoodsproduced andsold.Inmoderntimesthe marginalproductivitytheoryof wageshasbeenmuchinvogue; wageswilldependonthepriceat whicharticlesaresoldandonthe marginatwhichconsumers'demandsaresatisfied.

Onlyareductioninpricewill sellarticlesbeyondthispoint,the marginalpricewillfixwagesin theindustry.Thistheoryhasthe advantageofcallingattentionto theimportanceoflabourproduction.Ifworkersaskmoreand morewagesforlessandless workproduced,theyarecutting offtheverysourcefromwhich wagesandcapitalmustbepaid.

alwaysbeenlowerthaninthe othercountriesofEurope.The workershavenoremedy;strikes areforbiddenandtradeunionsdo nothingmorethanorganise,the workertobeagoodStateservant.Incountrieswherecapital isprivatelyowned,theworkers havetheirtradeunionorganisationtofightforthem,theyhave labourcourts,andfinallythe strikeweaponisnotforbiddenin democraticStates.

CompetitiveElementWeaker

Thetraditionalwagetheories Herebuiltontheassumptionthat competitionprevaileubetweenemployers,betweenworkers,andbetweenconsumers.Butthisele meatofconpetitionhasbecome weakerinourpresent-dayecor,omy.Statecontrolandmonopolytendencieshavediminished competitionbetweenproducers; tradeunionorganisationhaslessenedcompetitionbetweenworkersseekingjobs-minimum wagesandaminimumstandard oflivingwillpreventtheworker fromacceptingworkbelowa certainwage.

Towhatextentdotradeunions strikesandlabourdisputesaffect thelevelofwages?Itmustbe admittedthattradeunionorganisationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinimprovingworkers'conditionsinmoderntimes.Butthere arelimitstothebargaining poweroftradeunionsandtothe efficacyofstrikes,anditisin theinterestsoftheworkersthat theyshouldknowthenatureof theselimitations.

HowStrikesHittheWorkers

Astrikeisjustifiablewhenit isclearthatemployersarekeepingmorethanajustshareofthe profits.But,strikesreducethe mainsourcefromwhichwages mustbepaid;productivity.Duringastrike,productionceases; etherindustriesmaybedeprived oftheirrawmaterials,unemploymentmayresultandthegeneral purchasingpowerofworkersis reduced.Evenwherewagesgo upastheresultofastrike,there maybeatendencytowithdraw capitalfromthatindustryorelse :oadmitcheapnon-unionlabourgirlsattenshillingsaweek,as inseveralGalwayinstitutions. Whilesomeworkersbenefit, otherslose.

DREAMS

(ContinuedfromPage2)

Andevenwhenthehard factsoflifearetoostrongand thereisnoescapefromtherut, ourdreamscanstillbuoyus pu.Evenifonehasnotthebest ofjobs,onecanatleastmake thebestjobofitbydoingit well.Ifwemasteritinsteadof lettingitmasterus,ifinstead ofgrumblingatit,givingit grudgingservice,usingitmerely asameansofsubsistence,we embodyitintoourdreams,make it,achallengetoourspirit,a testofourabilityandourcouragetoriseaboveallobstacles, thenintruthweturnitfrog beingadead-endoccupationinto alivingtriumph.

Andthisisnomerelip-saying. Thewaydreamshavequickened andinspiredmentoriseabove theirdifficultiesanddiscourage ments,totriumphovertheir lowlylotortheirlackoffortune,isproverbial.Itprovides storiesoftriumphineveryway oflifeandthespirit.

Inreadingthelivesofsaints, forinstance,onecannothelp beingstruckbythenumberof verylowlysouls,lay-brothers, porters,andthelikewho,despite theiroftenmenialposition,attainedastonishingheightsof holiness.Theywentintotheir monasteriesorfriariescraving onlytospendtheirlivesinworshipandtheyweretoldoffto dothesweepingandthecleaning,toanswerdoorbellsand otherjobsthatmusthaveseemedtothemtrivialandirksome ifnotmean.They,surely,had anexcuseforfeelingthatthey weresquarepegsinroundholes, thattheirdreamsofworship werestifledbythepettinessof theirdailyround.

NEW

Amoderneconomist,Alfred Marshall,proposedamoreflexiblewagetheorythattookinto accountanumberoffactors'neglectedbyhispredecessors.He calledattentiontothe"supply price"ofcapital;thepriceorinterestrequiredtotemptowners ofmoneytoinvesttheircapital inindustry.Apersonwhohas savedmoneymayspenditona Europeantour,orifheisgivena sufficentinducementtosavefurther,hemayinvestitinindustry thatemploysworkersandpays wages.Theamountofinterest orthepriceofthecapitalisthere foreanimportantfactorindeterminingemploymentandwages.

Manyotherfactorswill,intheir turn,fixthepriceofcapital;industrialpossibilities,accessibility ofrawmaterials,amountofincometax,etc.Unsettledconditions,labourdisputes,strikes, etc.,willheadeterrentoninvestment.Supplyanddemandof theproductmustalsobegiven adueplace.

ADreamThatisaNightmare Ithasoftenrevoltedlabourto thinkthattheirwagesshoulddependonsouncertainabaseas thewhimsofinvestorsandfor manyworkerstheStateseizure ofallcapitalandmeansofproductionhasbeenanattractive dream.

ButwhereStatecapitalismand fullnationalisationhavebecome theruleasinRussia,thedream hasbecomeratheranightmare. ThecapitalisticStatenevergoes onaEuropeantour;itisalwoys anxioustoexpandindustryand investeveryavailablepoundin newenterprises.Thisfreshcapital frequentlycomesfromtheprofitsofindustryandtheworkers areasked,orrathertoldtobe patrioticandsurrenderaportion oftheirwagesforindustrialex pension,andtobesatisfiedwith alowerstandardoflivingfora time.

Buttheprocessseemstogoon indefinitely;duringthethirty yearsofSovietindustrialdevelopmentthestandardofliving andwagesofSovietworkershave

Thisprocessmayaffectespeciallytheexportingindustriesofa country:wherewagesareraised totheirhighestpointtheexportedgoodswillbeunabletocorn Petewithothercountriesona worldmarket,ifwagesarelower intheseothercountries.But whenexportsgodownproduction lutistbereduced,wageswillfall andunemploymentmustresult; theonlycurewillbeemigration sometimestotheverycountry wherewagesandthestandardof livingislower.

Therealfunctionoftrade unionsto-daywouldseemtobeto watchtheinterestsoftheworker andtogivehimasenseofstatus; theyareledbyeducatedmenwho canprepareagoodcasefornegotiationandforthelabourcourts, ofpreventingdangerousandirresponsiblestrikesandofkeeping aneyeonprofitstoseethatthe mengettheirdueshareofthem.

SurestWaytoRaiseWages

Thesurestwayofraising wagesisincreasedproductionall rcundandtherationalindustrialisationofthecountry.There shouldbecollaborationbetween sociologists,economists,capitalistsandworkerstoraiseour standardofagriculturebyimprovingmethodsinbreedinglive stock,selectionofgoodseeds, bettermarketingmethods.Conditionsfavourableforinvestment inindustryshouldbeencouraged soastoprovidethemeansof absorbingagrowingpopulation. Itwillbeforthetradeunionsand theLabourCourttoseethatthe workersgettheirdueshareof theincreasedproductivitythat shouldresult.

Theirjobdidnotseemthebest ;lobfortheirdreams,butthey madethebestofit.Theydidnot wastetimeingrumbling,broodingorrepining;nordidthey usetheirdreamsasadrugto stifleanydiscouragementthey mayhavefelt;theywokeupto factsandusedthemasaspur andaladdertoliftthemto higherthings-toliftthem,indeed,toaplaceabouttheThrone ofGod.

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SIGNIFICANCEOFTHE PRIMITIVES Inpursuing

1.Theprimitivesaretheoldestgroupsofmankindstillin

onotermou1s,aou speechless,actuallypossesswonderfullanguages.Aforthcoming bookbyDr.Nekes,P.S.M.,and Fr.E.Wormsisalmostentirely devotedtoastudyofthese languages.Theconclusionfrom thisis:HomoPrimigeniuswas abletospeak,andhadhis language,andthereforeanintellect.Hewasthereforeoneof thepresenthumanraceandnot ofadifferentancestry.

EVIDENCEFROMERGOLOGY

Itcanbeshownto-daythat theoldestculturespossesseda welldevelopedmethodinregard tothingsessentiallynecessary forhumanexistence,usingthem withtheirendsinview:fire, cookingequipment,housing, clothing,ornaments,weapons (thestudyofthisformsaspecialbranchofanthropologycalledergology).Thesefactslead totheconclusionthatthefirst menpossessedadevelopedeconomyandsocialorder.When andwherewefindhim,heis

arnrs VI

notfoundintheblood peans."(Universityof e;CollectedPapers,160.)

efindallovertheworld tialsimilarityofmental dofpowerofabstraction.

ONROOTOFALL

LANGUAGES?

gnowtothequestionof acommonrootofall smaybepostulated,it statedthatitispremaettomakeajudgment. specialstudieshaveyet de.Buttheadvanceof tivelinguisticsmadein 40yearsgiveshopethat dbepossibletoprove alogicconnectionofall aonearth;welcomeadconfirmationofthemenhicandsomaticunitof

r CatholicChurchhasnot dogmatisedthedescent wholehumanracefrom althoughsuchadogma aredin1871duringthe Council.Butthisdoeclearlyimpliedinthe oforiginalsin,andwe ebearingoftheunity induponthedogmaof redemption.

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98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE

ModernEthnology

CONFIRMSCATHOLIC

Accordingtothetheoriesofcertainanthropologists,theAus- trahanaborigineshouldnotbeabletospeak.Thisisoneofthe pointsmadebyVeryRev.E.%gins,P.S.M.,inhisrecentlecture totheGuildofEngineersandIndustrialChemists,inassociation withtheInstituteofChristianStudiesinMelbourne.TheAus*alienaborigine,saidFr.Worms,isprehistoricmaninthe fleshandprovidesavisiblerevelationofearlypre-historiclife."

Fr.Wormssaidthathedesiredtoemphasisetheword "modern"inthetitleofhislecture.Theearlierethnology(say 1880-1910)waslargelydeterminedbypreconceived,materialistic principles,and"psychologised"a greatdeal.Itneglectedthehistoricalsignificanceofthemany culturesofmankind.Bracketed withcomparativereligion,it oftenapt:staredastumbling blockandhadthereputationof beingadangeroussubjectfora Catholic.Thiswastheperiod whenmensuchasJ.G.Fraser, E.B.Taylor,HerbertSpencer, LH.MorganandotherevolutIonistsdominatednotonlyethnology,butsociologyandcomparativereligion.

Modernethnologyhasreplaced thisevolutionaryschoolstepby stepinrecentyears.Itemphasisedthenecessityofmaking scientificallyclearthehistorical positionofeachtribeofthehumanrace.

Evolution,consideredasan ethnologicaltheory,attemptedto explainhumanculturenotfrom thehistoricalstandpoint,butby groupingethnologicalfactson thebasisofpreconceivedideas. Itsupposedageneraldevelop. mentofthepresentstandardof intellect,language,morality,and artfromalowanimalisticbeginning,Thisdevelopmentissupposedtoproceedasarealisation oftheAbsolute,withoutrequiringtheco-operationofman's willinapurelymaterialisticbiologicalupwardmovementaccordingtotheassumedlaw; higherfollowsthelower,theperfecttheimperfect;firstthe simple,thenthecomplicated.

OBJECTIVESTUDY

Incontrastwiththis,thehistorical,culture-circlemethodof modernethnologystudiesthe cultureofprimitivepeoplesby objectivehistoricalmeans.It groupscertainculturesbya complicatedtechnicalprocess ofethnologicalinterpretation,aroundculture-centres,and,on thebasisofhistoricalrules, tringsthespatialdistributions andjuxtapositionofcultures intoitsoriginalchronological succession.Implements,customs,formsofart,kinshiporganisation,consideredaselementsofculture,arenotforced intoconformitywithapreconceivedsystem,butareordered accordingtotheiroriginalhistoricalcorrelation.

Thisscientificmethodstarted inGermanyunderRatzel(18441905)andwasdevelopedby Graebner(1877.1926),Frobenius (died1940),Fr.W.Schmidt (stillliving),Koppers,etc.It

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rowhasastrongfollowingin America,whereitisassociated withsuchnamesasBoas,Dixon andLowrie.Englandisstill hesitatingaboutit,althoughmen suchasAndrewLangcontributedmuchtoitsdevelopment.ThetendencyatpresentamongEnglisharchaeologistsisto workaccordingtoamoreand morestrictlyhistoricalmethod.

HARMONISESWITH

CATHOLICTHOUGHT

Thishistoricalculturemethod isobjective,andreasonable;itis controlledbyobjectiveprinciplesastheyareappliedbythe scienceofHistory.Byitsubstantialprogresshasbeenmade inanthropologyduringthelast threedecades,andtheinteresting thing,forthepurposesofthis seriesoflectures,isthatthe progressreferredtoisinharmonywithCatholicthoughtin exegesis,philosophyandethics, althoughthevindicationof Catholicthoughtwascertainlyoutsidetheintentionoftheanthropologicalfieldworkersand scientistsconcerned.Theconservativepositioninmanyofthese mattershadnotbeenabandoned byCatholicapologeticsduring theperiodofaflourishingand ambitiousevolutionismandmaerialism.NowthisCatholicconservativeview,builtuponfaith andrevelation,hasbeenconfirmedbytheresearchesof modernethnologists.

UNITYOFMANKIND

Fr.Wormssaidheproposed toconfinehimselfinthislecture tothreepointsinwhichtheologiansandmoralistsareasmuch interestedasareethnologists:

(I)Thesomaticorphysical unityofmankind.

(2)Theexistenceamongthe primitivepeopleofreligion,inparticular,of monotheism.

(a)Thenaturalreasons forthisremarkable fact.

(b)Thesubsequentdeteriorationfrommonotheismdowntopolytheism,andtheexplanationofthis.

(3)Thewellestablishedfact oftheexistenceofanaturalethicamongthe primitives(a)exemplified bythedominanceofmonogamy,whichis(b)subject todegradationtopolygamyforwhichsubsequent developmentarattempt willbemadetoassign somereasons.

SIGNIFICANCEOFTHE PRIMITIVES

Inpursuingthisprogramme thelecturerstatedhewouldhave wishedtodemonstrateeach pointfromhisowndiscoveries amongAustralianaboriginesmuchmorefullythanthelimi tationsoftime,wouldactually permit.Beforethesethreepoints itwasdesirabletostatethereason,whysomuchstressis placeduponprimitivepeoplein thesestudies.Briefly,thereasons are:

1.Theprimitivesaretheaid- edgroupsofmankindetillin

BELIEF

existence;theyrepresentthe oldestremainingfragmentsof theoriginalhumanrace.

2.Theyarerelativelycloser tothebeginningofcultureand originalreligiOnthananyother livingpeople.

3.Theyhavenotparticipated inthelaterprocessesofdevelopmentofotherpeoples.

4.Theyareonthesimplest levelofmaterialculture,arenot yetofanagrariantype,but stillnomadic,fruitcollectorsand hunters,havenodomesticanimalsexceptthedog,andlack theartofweavingandpottery making.

5.Theyarescatteredallover theworld,livinginout-of-thewayplaces;onthetipsofcontinents,behindprotectingmountainsandjungles.

Itmaybestatedasaresult ofthehistorical-culturecircle methodthat:Mankindformsa physicalandpsychicalunity withoutanyindicationofculturalevolutionoragradualupwarddevelopmentofintellectual andpsychicfaculties.Thevery earliestpeopleswerenotonlyin fullpossessionoffreewilland intellect,butalreadyhadreligion,morality,familylife, languageandprivateproperty.

OBJECTIONSDEALTWITH

Someanthropologiststhoughtthattheexistenceoffiveor lessgroupsofmankind,with differingcoloursdifferingskeletalstructurechiracteristicssuch asprominenceofthesuperciliary ridgesandheightofthebrain cap,differentkindsofhair,and othervaryinganthropological factors,postulatesdifferentspeciesinthehumanrace.Frank, forinstance,thoughthecould provethediversityofmankind byinferringtheexistenceof humanbeingswithoutlanguage, fromtheimperfectjawofthe HomoPrimigencies.Hestated that(a)PleistoceneManhadno languageatall,(b)theMousterianManhadonlythe tals:d,t,I,s(c)theAurignacianoflaterPalaeolithictimes leadgutturals(k,g,ch)and palatals(dj,nj).Heinferred thisfromthefact(a)thatthe jawoftheNeanderthalManof thefirstInterglacialPeriodwas chinlessandlackedthemusculus genioglossusnecessaryforthe tongue,and(b)thatthemanof thefourthGlacialPeriodshowedthebeginningsofachin prominence.

AUSTRALIANABORIGINES

ItwasoneofFr.Worms'first anthropologicaltaskstostudy thisquestion,comparingthelower jawofHeidelbergManwiththat ofanAustralianaborigineand aiththatofamodernEuropean. HearrivedatthesameconclusionasProfessorKlaatch:Australianaboriginesshowthesame skullpeculiaritiesasthe earliermen.Theirculture,as judgedbycavepaintingsand stoneimplements,isofthesame levelasthatofthepeopleof Mousterianandlaterperiodsof Aurignaceantimes.Itfollows thattheAustralianaborigineis prehistoricmanintheflesh,and providesavisiblerevelationof earlyprehistoriclife.Now,this peoplewho,accordingtotheinferencebasedontheconstructionoftheirmouths,shouldbe speechless,actuallypossesswonderfullanguages.Aforthcoming bookbyDr.Nekes,P.S.M.,and Fr.E.Wormsisalmostentirely devotedtoastudyofthese languages.Theconclusionfrom thisis:HomoPrimigemiuswas rbletospeak,andhadhis language,andthereforeanintfllect.Hewasthereforeoneof thepresenthumanraceandnot eSadifferentancestry.

EVIDENCEFROMERGOLOGY

Itcartbeshownto-daythat theoldestculturespossesseda welldevelopedmethodinregard to forthingsessentiallynecessary humanexistence,usingtheta withtheirendsinview:Are, cookingequipment,housing, clothing,ornaments,weapons (thestudyofthisformsaspa cialbranchofanthropologycalledergology).Thosefactslead totheconclusionthattheBret menpossessedadevelopedeconomyandsocialorder.When andwhereweAndhim.heis

alreadycomplete,inpossession ofspiritualqualitiesandnotlivinginirrationalbrute-like circumstancesawaitingadevelopmentofhismentaland psychiclife.Wefindhimjust usAdam,thefatherofmankind,made"byGodinHisown image."(Gen.1,26-27.)

REMARKABLEFACTS

Therearethreeotherremarkablefactsinconnectionwiththis matteroftheunityofthehuman race.Twoareanthropological sndonephilosophical.

1.Itisnowwellknownthat allgroupsofmankindcanbe crossedwithunlimitedfertility; forinstancetheprolifichalfcastefamiliesinBroomeand PortDarwin.

2.TheAdelaideUniversityin 1928testedthebloodofpure- bloodednativesofSouthAustralia.Itwassupposedthattheir bloodwouldshowsomedifferencesofbloodgroupscompared withotherraces,onaccountof theirlongseparationfromthe restofmankind.Theresultwas: "Byextensivecross-testingbetweenaboriginalredcellsand seranoevidencewasobtained thataboriginalbloodcontains

factorsnotfoundintheblood ofEuropeans."(Universityof Adelaide;CollectedPapers,160.) :;.Wefindallovertheworld anessentialsimilarityofmental lift'andofpowerofabstraction.

COMMONROOTOFALL LANGUAGEST

Comingnowtothequestionof whetheracommonrootofall languagesmaybepostulated,it mustbestatedthatitisprematureyettomakeajudgment. Manyspecialstudieshaveyet tobemade.Buttheadvanceof comparativelinguisticsmadein thelast40yearsgiveshopethat itshouldbepossibletoprove thegenealogicconnectionofall languagesonearth;welcomeadditionalconfirmationofthemental,psychicandsomaticunitof mankind.

TheCatholicChurchhasnot directlydogmatisedthedescent ofthewholehumanracefrom Adam,althoughsuchadogma waspreparedin1871duringthe VaticanCouncil.Butthisdoctrineisclearlyimpliedinthe definitionoforiginalsin,andwe knowthebearingoftheunity ofmankinduponthedogmaof universalredemption.

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ModernEthnology

CONFIRMSCATHOLIC

accordingtothetheoriesofcertainanthropologists,theAustralianaborigineshouldnotbeabletospeak.Thisisoneofthe pointsmadebyVeryRev.E. and P.S.M.,inhisrecentlecture totheGuildofEngineersandIndustrialChemists,inassociation withtheInstituteofChristianStudiesinMelbourne.TheAlaVahanaborigine,saidFr.Worme,isprehistoricmaninthe fleshandprovidesavisiblerevelationofearlypre-historiclife."

Fr.Wormssaidthathedesiredtoemphasisetheword "modern"inthetitleofhislecture.Theearlierethnology(say 1880-1910)waslargelydetermin eelbypreconceived,materialistic principles,and"psychologised"a greatdeal.Itneglectedthehistoricalsignificanceofthemany culturesofmankind.Bracketed withcomparativereligion,it oftenappearedastumbling blockandhadthereputationof beingadangeroussubjectfora Catholic.Thiswastheperiod whenmensuchasJ.G.Fraser, E.B.Taylor,HerbertSpencer, LH.Morganandotherevolutlonistsdominatednotonlyethnology,butsociologyandcomparativereligion.

Modernethnologyhasreplaced thisevolutionaryschoolstepby stepinrecentyears.Itemphasisedthenecessityofmaking scientificallyclearthehistorical positionofeachtribeofthehumanrace.

Evolution,consideredasan ethnologicaltheory,attemptedto explainhumanculturenotfrom thehistoricalstandpoint,butby groupingethnologicalfactson thebasisofpreconceivedideas. Itsupposedageneraldevelopmentofthepresentstandardof intellect,language,morality,and artfromalowanimalisticbeginning.Thisdevelopmentissupposedtoproceedasarealisation oftheAbsolute,withoutrequiringtheco-operationofman's willinapurelymaterialisticbiologicalupwardmovementaccordingtotheassumedlaw; higherfollowsthelower,theperfecttheimperfect;firstthe simple,thenthecomplicated.

OBJECTIVESTUDY

Incontrastwiththis,thehistorical,culture-circlemethodof modernethnologystudiesthe cultureofprimitivepeoplesby objectivehistoricalmeans.It groupscertainculturesbya complicatedtechnicalprocess ofethnologicalinterpretation, aroundculture-centres,and,on thebasisofhistoricalrules, bringsthespatialdistributions andjuxtapositionofcultures intoitsoriginalchronological succession.Implements,customsformsofart,kinshiporganisation,consideredaselementsofculture,arenotforced intoconformitywithapreconceivedsystem,butareordered accordingtotheiroriginalhistcricalcorrelation.

Thisscientificmethodstarted inGermanyunderRatzel(18441905)andwasdevelopedby Graebner(1877-1926),Frobenius (died1940),Fr.W.Schmidt (stillliving),Koppers,etc.It

T.VIVIAN

14.3RoksbyRoad.&algae*.W1538. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains. CisternandRoofRepairs.T.V ModelBathHeatersnowavailable

S.BEECROFT,Butcher 181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold PhoneW1373.

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST..PERTH WOOD6COALMERCHANTS.

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Phone31-Private287 SMITH'SBUILDINGS. WELLINGTONST..=BUM BusInftees.Farms.House&Land ForSale.

Rev.Fr.WormsP.S.M.

nowhasastrongfollowingin America,whereitisassociated withsuchnamesasBoas,Dixon andLowrie.Englandisstill hesitatingaboutit,althoughmen suchasAndrewLangcontributedmuchtoitsdevelopment. Thetendencyatpresentamong Englisharchaeologistsisto workaccordingtoamoreand morestrictlyhistoricalmethod.

HARMONISESWITH

CATHOLICTHOUGHT

Thishistoricalculturemethod isobjective,andreasonable;itis controlledbyobjectiveprinciples astheyareappliedbythe scienceofHistory.Byitsubstantialprogresshasbeenmade inanthropologyduringthelast threedecades,andtheinteresting thing,forthepurposesofthis seriesoflectures,isthatthe progressreferredtoisinharmonywithCatholicthoughtin exegesis,philosophyandethics, althoughthevindicationof Catholicthoughtwascertainly outsidetheintentionoftheanthropologicalfieldworkersand scientistsconcerned.Theconservativepositioninmanyofthese nattershadnotbeenabandoned byCatholicapologeticsduring theperiodofaflourishingand ambitiousevolutionismandmaerialism.NowthisCatholicconservativeview,builtuponfaith andrevelation,hasbeenconfirmedbytheresearchesof modernethnologists.

UNITYOFMANKIND

Fr.Wormssaidheproposed toconfinehimselfinthislecture tothreepointsinwhichtheologiansandmoralistsareasmuch interestedasareethnologists:

(1)Thesomaticorphysical unityofmar&ind.

(2)Theexistenceamongthe primitivepeopleofreligion,inparticular,of monotheism.

(a)Thenaturalreasons forthisremarkable fact.

(b)Thesubsequentdeteriorationfrommonotheismdowntopolytheism,andtheexplanationofthis.

(3)Thewellestablishedfact oftheexistenceofanaturalethicamongthe primitives(a)exemplified bythedominanceofmonogamy,whichis(b)subject todegradationtopolygamyforwhichsubsequent developmentanattempt willbemadetoassign somereasons.

SIGNIFICANCEOFTHE PRIMITIVES

Inpursuingthisprogramme thele'cturerstatedhewouldhave wishedtodemonstrateeach pointfromhisowndiscoveries amongAustralianaborigines muchmorefullythanthelimitationsoftime,wouldactually permit.Beforethesethreepoints itwasdesirabletostatethereasonswhysomuchstressis placeduponprimitivepeoplein thesestudies.Briefly,thereasons are:

1.Theprimitivesaretheoldestgroupsofmankindstillin

BELIEF

existence;theyrepresentthe oldestremainingfragmentsof theoriginalhumanrace.

2.Theyarerelativelycloser tothebeginningofcultureand originalreligionthananyother livingpeople.

3.Theyhavenotparticipated inthelaterprocessesofdevelopmentofotherpeoples.

4.Theyareonthesimplest levelofmaterialculture,arenot yetofanagrariantype,but stillnomadic,fruitcollectorsand hunters,havenodomesticanimalsexceptthedog,andlack theartofweavingandpottery making.

5.Theyarescatteredallover theworld,livinginout-of-thewayplaces;onthetipsofcontinents,behindprotectingmountainsandjungles.

Itmaybestatedasaresult ofthehistorical-culturecircle methodthat:Mankindformsa physicalandpsychicalunity withoutanyindicationofculturalevolutionoragradualup. warddevelopmentofintellectual andpsychicfaculties.Thevery earliestpeopleswerenotonlyin fullpossessionoffreewilland intellect,butalreadyhadreligion,morality,familylife, languageandprivateproperty.

OBJECTIONSDEALTWITH

Someanthropologiststhoughtthattheexistenceoffiveor lessgroupsofmankind,with differingcolour,differingskeletalstructurechiracteristicssuch asprominenceofthesuperciliary ridgesandheightofthebrain cap,differentkindsofhair,and othervaryinganthropological factors,postulatesdifferentspeciesinthehumanrace.Frank, forinstance,thoughthecould provethediversityofmankind byinferringtheexistenceof humanbeingswithoutlanguage, fromtheimperfectjawofthe HomoPrimigencies.Hestated that(a)PleistoceneManhadno languageatall,(b)theMousterianManhadonlythefirstdentals:d,t,I,s(c)theAurignacianoflaterPalaeolithictimes lradgutturals(k,g,ch)and palatals(dj,nj).Heinferred tlisfromthefact(a)thatthe jawoftheNeanderthalManof thefirstInterglacialPeriodwas chinlessandlackedthemusculus genioglossusnecessaryforthe tongue,and(b)thatthemanof thefourthGlacialPeriodshowedthebeginningsofachin prominence.

AUSTRALIANABORIGINES

ItwasoneofFr.Worms'first anthropologicaltaskstostudy thisquestion,comparingthelower jawofHeidelbergManwiththat ofanAustralianaborigineand \NabthatofamodernEuropean. HearrivedatthesameconclusionasProfessorKlaatch:Aus tralianaboriginesshowthesame skullpeculiaritiesasthe earliermen.Theirculture,as judgedbycavepaintingsand stoneimplements,isofthesame levelasthatofthepeopleof Mousterianandlaterperiodsof Aurignaceantimes.Itfollows thattheAustralianaborigineis prehistoricmanintheflesh,and providesavisiblerevelationof earlyprehistoriclife.Now,this peoplewho,accordingtotheinferencebasedontheconstructionoftheirmouths,shouldbe speechless,actuallypossesswonderfullanguages.Aforthcoming bookbyDr.Nekes,P.S.M.,and Fr.E.Wormsisalmostentirely devotedtoastudyofthese languages.Theconclusionfrom thisis:HomoPrimigeniuswas abletospeak,andhadhis language,andthereforeanintellect.Hewasthereforeoneof thepresenthumanraceandnot ofadifferentancestry.

EVIDENCEFROMERGOLOGY

Itcanbeshownto-daythat theoldestculturespossesseda welldevelopedmethodinregard tothingsessentiallynecessary forhumanexistence,usingthem withtheirendsinview:fire, cookingequipment,housing, clothing,ornaments,weapons (thestudyofthisformsaspecialbranchofanthropologycalledergology).Thesefactslead totheconclusionthatthefirst menpossessedadevelopedeconomyandsocialorder.When andwherewefindhim,heis

alreadycomplete,inpossession ofspiritualqualitiesandnot livinginirrationalbrute-like circumstancesawaitingadevelopmentofhismentaland psychiclife.Wefindhimjust asAdam,thefatherofmankind,made"byGodinHi,own image."(Gen.I,26-27.)

REMARKABLEFACTS

Therearethreeotherremarkablefactsinconnectionwiththis matteroftheunityofthehuman race.Twoareanthropological andonephilosophical.

1.Itisnowwellknownthat allgroupsofmankindcanbe crossedwithunlimitedfertility; forinstancetheprolifichalfcastefamiliesinBroomeand PortDarwin.

2.TheAdelaideUniversityin 1928testedthebloodofpurebloodednativesofSouthAustralia.Itwassupposedthattheir bloodwouldshowsomedifferencesofbloodgroupscompared withotherraces,onaccountof theirlongseparationfromthe restofmankind.Theresultwas: "Byextensivecross-testingbetweenaboriginalredcellsand seranoevidencewasobtained thataboriginalbloodcontains

factorsnotfoundintheblood ofEuropeans."(Universityof Adelaide;CollectedPapers,160.)

3.Wefindallovertheworld anessentialsimilarityofmental lifeandofpowerofabstraction.

COMMONROOTOFALL LANGUAGES?

Comingnowtothequestionof whetheracommonrootofall languagesmaybepostulated,it, mustbestatedthatitisprematureyettomakeajudgment.

Manyspecialstudieshaveyet tobemade.Buttheadvanceof cfmparativelinguisticsmadein thelast40yearsgiveshopethat itshouldbepossibletoprove thegenealogicconnectionofall languagesonearth;welcomeadditionalconfirmationofthemental,psychicandsomaticunitof mankind.

TheCatholicChurchhasnot directlydogmatisedthedescent ofthewholehumanracefrom Adam,althoughsuchadogma waspreparedin1871duringthe VaticanCouncil.Butthisdoe, trineisclearlyimpliedinthe definitionoforiginalsin,andwe knowthebearingoftheunity ofmankinduponthedogmaof universalredemption.

ARTHURE.DAVIES&CO. FuneralDirectorsandEmbalmers

Partners

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection.

Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivatehomes availableforpurchaseinallsuburbs.Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired.

Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

LIMITED Sworn

DEA'HNOTICES

Led

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,MARCH19,1947.

RedS

Forthefirstti Communistworlds nationalsphere,the andTurkeyaglai ofstoogeStatesis sincetheAmericantheappointmentof Byrnesmaybeexp policyofappeasem whicharenowbein fromthesecretpro asMr.Churchillpe menttheSovietu -pects.Britain,ov thequirksofcircu necessaryfrontof Moscow'sunendinb completewiththe attheKremlinand leadership.

InAustraliatw officialcirclesthere andmenaceofthe withaproportional theirdisruptionof policy.Thereissee realityofespionage whichistobecondu hasbeendoneto (ashasrecentlybe ingseriesoftrivial, tiontheFederal tnerecentwarning mania,whosaid:'It whoareendeavourin areavowedenemies decentinoursociety andotherso-called theindustrialmove andStateGovernme achallengewhich affordtoignoretoda urgentlybecause,as peopleisbeingjeopa employed---notagai againstLabourGov

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters)

HisGracetheArchbishopwill returnfromEireonSaturday andwillbetenderedaLiturgicalReceptioninSt.Mary's Cathedralat10a.m.

SPECIALCOURSEOFLENTENSERMONS.

COLLIER.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofEllen,whodiedatBeechworth,Victoria,onthe12th inst.Youngestdaughterofthe lateThomasandCatherine CollierofBeechworth,andbelovedsisterofMrs.C.Kelly, Elizabeth-street,Cottesloe. OLEY:OnMarch8th,John Pinjarra, andMutny,IrefAnnie, Mark,60 hPerth, andfatherhis80th

NUMBERINGINCORRECT DATE PAGE(S)

ISSUE VOLUME

CelebrationoftheFeastof St.Joseph

True,therealanswertotheCommunistchallenge shouldcomenotonlyfromtneGovernment,butfrom therank-and-fileworkersthroughtheirUnionactivities. Andhere,atleast,amovehasbeenmadeandtheReds havebeenoustedfromkeypositions.Butitshouldnotbe merelyaspasmodicinterestatelectiontime,butasustainedinterestinallUnionaffairs.Againstavitaland democraticUnionismCommunismmustinevitably .rutrible.Thereisplentyofrournforactivityalsoinother largecorporatebodies.TheReturnedSoldiers'League hasgivenavigorousleadinthisdirectionwhichitis hopedwillbefollowedbyothers,especiallyintheUniversitiesandotherculturalbodies.Sofarthereareno signsoflifeinthePublicServiceand,inparticular,in theEducationDepartment.SoonerorlaterallAustralians mustfaceuptotheissuethatCommunismisincompatiblewithrealcitizenshipandisouttodestroyeverything wecherish.Whenthatrealisationisgeneral,Marxism willbedoomed.

OnSUNDAY,MARCH23rd, theannualcelebrationsinhonour ofSt.Josephwillbeheldat theHomeoftheLittleSisters ofthePooratGlendalough.The feast-daydinnerfortheold peoplewillbeservedat12.30 p.m.bythepriestsofthemetropolitanarea,afterwhichthe priestswillbeentertainedto lunchatthehome.SolemnBenedicetionwillbringthecelebrationstoaclose.

Acordialinvitationtobe presentatthecelebrationsis issuedtoallfriendsandbenefactorsoftheHome.

AMONSTERCARNIVAL DANCE in CATHEDRALHALL on MONDAY,APRIL7th, at8p.m. OrganisedbyCathedralbranches N.C.G.M.-Y,C.W. LuckySpot. Tickets2/-.

NOELV.TUNSTILL,aprom. inentmemberoftheAquinas swimmingteamforsomeyears, hasbeenawardedaScholarshiptotheRoyalMilitaryCollege,Duntroon.Noelpassed theJuniorCertificateExaminationin1944attheageof13, andqualifiedacademicallyfor admissiontoDuntroononthe resultsoftherecentLeaving CertificateExamination.He wasamemberofthesuccessful HeadoftheRivercrewin1946, ChampionSwimmeroftheCollegein1945and1946,ainerm berofthefirstXVIIIin1945 and1946,andaCollegerep resentativeatthe"Inters"in 1945and1946.HewasappointedaCadet-Lieut.in1946.

DOYOUWISHTOSTUDY NewClassforBeginnerswill commenceatW.A.Esperanto League,BactonHouse(above Corots), 723HAY-ST.,PERTH, onFRIDAY,APRIL11th, 1947,at8p.m.

se).-In dearest ay23rd yemercy children am,Vern,DorothememeMary this restin sorrowing ritypray soulof Mary-st., h19th, tTey,who ch21st, Isrestin memoryof passed 1945,also ack,who the29th gdaughtersAmy (Mrs.Robtheirloved Inloving 1,beloved diedMarch Heartof ON years,urprivate riteP. rn-street, ecommodaniredfor business thisoffice. mpanyof e.Will ekitchea, leperson. 019,this ANNUNARCH25. theLord shaltcall shallbe graan.s calledthe SonoftheMostHigh. The HolyOnethatshallbebornof theeshallbecalledtheSonof God"(LukeI.,28:35).

Bestill,yecloudsofHeaven! Besilent,Earth! AndhearanAngeltellof Jesus'birth.

Bestill-Pride,WarandPomp! Vainhopes,vainfears! FornowanAngelspeaks,and Maryhears:-

"Hail,Mary!"loitrings Throughageson; "Hail,Mary!"itshallsound 'tilltimeisdone.

"Hail,Mary!"infantlips Lispittoday; "Flail,Mary!"withfaintsmile thedyingsay.

"Hail,Mary!"manyaheart Brokenwithgrief, InthatAngelicprayerhas foundrelief.

Andmanyahalf-lostsoul, Whenturnedatbay, Withthosetriumphantwords haswontheday.

-ADELAIDEA.PROCTER.

RedStocksBelowPar

ForthefirsttimesincetheRusso-GerinanAlliance, Communistworldstocksarewellbelowpar.Intheinternationalsphere,theAmericandecisiontobuttressGreece andTurkeyagainstfurtherSovietaggressionbyway ofstoogeStatesisthemosthearteningsignofresolution sincetheAmerican-BritishstandagainstYugoslavia.Also theappointmentofGeneralMarshalltosucceedMr. Byrnesmaybeexpectedtoendthevolatileandfatalistic policyofappeasement,thehumiliatingconsequencesof whicharenowbeingsardonicallyrevealedbyM.Molotov fromthesecretprotocolsoftheYaltaAgreement.Strength, asMr.Churchillpenetratinglyindicated,istheonlyargumenttheSovietunderstandsandtneonlyvirtueitrepects.Britain,overwhelmedbydebtandoppressedby thequirksofcircumstance,cannotshowStalinthe necessaryfrontofsteelandsohasbecomethebuttof Moscow'sunendinbpropaganda.ButtheUnitedStates, completewiththeatomicbomb,isableto"talkturkey" attheKremlinandwillbeforcedwilly-nillyintoworld leadership.

InAustraliatwodevelopmentsgohandinhand.In officialcirclesthereisagrowingawarenessofthestrength andmenaceoftheRedsandtheirsupporters,together withaproportionalimportenceorunwillingnesstoend theirdisruptionofthenationaleconomyandforeign policy.Thereisseeminglycompleteconsciousnessofthe realityofespionageinconnectionwiththerocketresearch whichistoheconductedinCentralAustralia,butnothing hasbeendonetoendtheirdominationofthewharves (ashasrecentlybeendoneintheU.S.A.)andtheunendingseriesoftrivial,irresponsiblestrikes,InthisconnectiontheFederalGovernmentwoulddowelltoponder tnerecentwarningfromtheLabourPremierofTasmania,whosaid:'Itismyconsideredopinionthatthose whoareendeavouringtospreadthetenetsofCommunism areavowedenemiesofeverythingthatisworthwhileand decentinoursociety.ThetacticsoftheCommunistParty andotherso-calledmilitantsinusingtheirinfluencein theindustrialmovementtoharasstheCommonwealth andStateGovernmentsand,ifpossible,destroythem,are achallengewhichtheAustralianLabourPartycannot affordtoignoretoday,"hesaid."Directactionisneeded urgentlybecause,asIseeit,thefutureoftheAustralian peopleisbeingjeopardisedbythestriketacticsnowbeing employed---notagainstemployers,butinmostcases againstLabourGovernments."

LEGION OFMARY

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters)

ACI6S

AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,bothactive andauxiliary,totakepartin theAcies,whichwillbeheldin St.Mary'sCathedralonSunday,March23rd,at3p.m. Asthisistheprincipalannualfunctionforauxiliaries,it ishopedthere,willbeanattendanceworthyoftheoccasion. Thereareverymanyauxiliarieslivinginparisheswhere thereisnotapraisidiumofactingmembers,andhencenopossiblechanceofapersonalinvitation;tothesegoodLegionaries weaddaveryspecialinvitation throughthe"Record"torallyto thecauseofthe"Legionof Mary."

EXPOSITION

Nowthatasupplyofcandles hascometohand,Expositionof theBlessedSacramentwillbe heldeveryThursdayintheLegionofMaryChapelatthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,ActiveandAuxiliary,and totheCatholicpeopleingeneral, topayavisitduringtheday. Expositioncommencesafter8 a.m.Massandconcludeswith Benedictionat5.30p.m.

ROSARY

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 andagainat1.30p.m.Makea practiceofvisitingtheChapel fortherecitationofyourdaily Rosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS,

Th.'DineheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 I'in. Acupof:eaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d,Thisearvire all,andbusiness girlsareespeciallyinvited:nspend theirlunchhourin:hehandyenvironmentoftherooms

VIN14.010.04.1,00,00004.0.4WWW04,4,

WARTIMEDISPENSATIONFROMABSTINENCE TOCEASE.

ThedispensationfromAbstinence,whichasawar. timeprivilegehasbeenoper. atingintheArchdiocese,will ceaseasfromAshWednesday(February19th,)ofthis year. Onandfromthatdate thelawofabstinencefrom meatonFridaysandother prescribeddayswillagainbe Inforce.

HOMEOFTHELITTLE SISTERSOFTHEPOOR

CelebrationoftheFeastof St.Joseph

HISGRACERETURNS

HisGracetheArchbishopwill returnfromEireonSaturday andwillbetenderedaLiturgicalReceptioninSt.Mary's Cathedralat10a.m.

SPECIALCOURSEOFLENTENSERMONS.

AcourseofLentenSermons, atSt.Mary'sCathedral,byRev. FatherBuist,C.SS.R.,willbe continuedeachSundayevening (luringLent.

HolidayResorts

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany:

EverySunday:7.30a.m.and9,45

DailyMassat7.30a.m.during schoolholidays;6.30a,m,at.other imes.

Bunbury:

St.Patrick'sChurch:

AllSundays:7.30a.m.and9:30 a.m. HolidaysofObligation:7am and8a.m.

SouthBunbury: 8a.m.onallSundays, HolidaysofObligation:7ti.m

Fremantle: 7,9,and10,30a.m.

Beaconsfield: 7and911.111

Spearwood: 8.30am.

Rockingham: 10a.m.onallSundaysduringholidays BusseltonandDistricts: March Busselton,7.30a.m.: Marybrook,9.30a.m.

March30:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Karridale,10a.m.

April6:Busselton,7.30a.m.: l'undenup,10a.m.

Scarborough: EverySunday:8a.m.

NorthBeach: EverySunday:8.15a.m.

OsbornePark: EverySunday:7.30and10a.m.

Mandurah:

Sunday,March30:9.30a.m.

Sunday,April6:9.30a.m.

AQUINASBOYFOR DUNTROON

DEATHNOTICES

COLLIER.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesold ofEllen,whodiedatBeechworth,Victoria,onthe12th inst.Youngestdaughterofthe lateThomasandCatherine CollierofBeechworth,andbelovedsisterofMrs.C.Kelly, Elizabeth-street,Cottesloe.

OLEY:OnMarch8th,Joha PatrickFoley,ofPinjarra, W.A.,lateofCoolupandMullinavatt,Co.Kilkenny,Ireland,lovinghusbandofAnnie, devotedfatherofMark,60 Elizabeth-street,NorthPerth, andTom,Pinjarra,andfatherin-lawofVera.Inhis80th year.R.I.P.

INMEMORIAM.

CLARKE.(MaryTherese).-inlovingmemoryofourdearest mother,whopassedaway23rd March,1942.Jesus,havemercy onhersoul. Insertedbyherlovingchildren Eileen,Mathew,William,Veronica(deceased),Kevin,Dorothy,Francis.

CLARKE.-SacredtothememoryofmydearwifeMary Theresa,whodepartedthis life23rdMarch,1942. Mayherdearsoulrestin peace. Insertedbyhersorrowing husband,M.P.Clarke. COFFEY.-Ofyourcharitypray forthereposeofthesoulof AnneCoffey,of31Mary-st., Perth,whodiedMarch19th, 1946;alsoPatrickCoffey,who diedinVictoria,March21st, 1939.Maytheirsoulsrestin pearce.

MAZZA.-Inlovingmemoryof ourdearmother,whopassed awayon18thMarch,1946,also ourdearbrotherJack,who passedawayonthe29th March,1946. InsertedbyherlovingdaughtersandhislovingsistersAmy (Mrs.Peating),Mary(Mrs.Robinson).Unitedwiththeirloved O'REILLY(Michael):Inloving memoryofMichael,beloved husbandofAgnes;diedMarch 23rd,1946.SacredHeartof Jesus,havepity.

ACCOMMODATION

Respectablegirl,19years,urgentlyrequiresabove,private family,nearcity.WriteP. Thompson,98Wittenoom-street, EastPerth.

FurnishedFlatorAccommodationurgentlyrequiredfor motherandadultbusiness daughter.ReplyT.R.,thisoffice.

PERSONAL

Womandesirescompanyof anotherwomaninhome.Will givefurnishedroom,usekitchea, allconveniences,suitableperson. FurtherparticularsRO19,this office.

BLESSINGSOFTHEANNUNCIATION-FEASTMARCH25.

"Hail,fullofgrace,theLord iswithThee..Thoushaltcall HisNameJesus.Heshallbe great,andshallbecalledthe SonoftheMostHigh. The HolyOnethatshallbebornof theeshallbecalledtheSonof God"(LukeI.,28:35).

True,therealanswertotheCommunistchallenge shouldcomenotonlyfromtneGovernment,butfrom therank-and-fileworkersthroughtheirUnionactivities. Andhere,atleast,amovehasbeenmadeandtheReds havebeenoustedfromkeypositions.Butitshouldnotbe merelyaspasmodicinterestatelectiontime,butasustainedinterestinallUnionaffairs.Againstavitaland democraticUnionismCommunismmustinevitably crumble.Thereisplentyofroomforactivityalsoinother largecorporatebodies.TheReturnedSoldiers'League hasgivenavigorousleadinthisdirectionwhichitis hopedwillbefollowedbyothers,especiallyintheUniversitiesandotherculturalbodies.Sofarthereareno signsoflifeinthePublicServiceand,inparticular,in theEducationDepartment.SoonerorlaterallAustralians mustfaceuptotheissuethatCommunismisincompatiblewithrealcitizenshipandisouttodestroyeverything wecherish.Whenthatrealisationisgeneral,Marxism willbedoomed.

OnSUNDAY,MARCH23rd, theannualcelebrationsinhonour ofSt.Josephwillbeheldat theHomeoftheLittleSisters ofthePooratGlendalough.The feast-daydinnerfortheold peoplewillbeservedat12.30 p.m.bythepriestsofthemetropolitanarea,afterwhichthe priestswillbeentertainedto lunchatthehome.SolemnBenedicetionwillbringthecelebrationstoaclose.

Acordialinvitationtobe presentatthecelebrationsis issuedtoallfriendsandbenefactorsoftheHome.

AMONSTERCARNIVAL DANCE in CATHEDRALHALL on MONDAY,APRIL7th, at8p.m.

OrganisedbyCathedralbranches

NOELV.TUNSTILL,aprom inentmemberoftheAquinas swimmingteamforsomeyears, hasbeenawardedaScholarshiptotheRoyalMilitaryCollege,Duntroon.Noelpassed theJuniorCertificateExaminationin1944attheageof13, andqualifiedacademicallyfor admissiontoDuntroononthe resultsoftherecentLeaving CertificateExamination.He wasamemberofthesuccessful HeadoftheRivercrewin1946, ChampionSwimmeroftheCollegein1945and1946,amemberofthefirstXVIIIin1945 and1946,andaCollegerepresentativeatthe"Inters"in 1945and1946.HewasappointedaCadet-Lieut.in1946.

DO

Bestill,yecloudsofHeaven!

Besilent,Earth! AndhearanAngeltellof Jesus'birth.

Bestill-Pride,WarandPomp! Vainhopes,vainfears! FornowanAngelspeaks,and Maryhears

"Hail,Mary!"loitrings

Throughageson; "Hail,Mary!"itshallsound 'tilltimeisdone.

"Hail,Mary!"infantlips Lispitto-day; "Hail,Mary!"withfaintsmile thedyingsay.

"Hail,Mary!"manyaheart Brokenwithgrief, InthatAngelicprayerhap foundrelief.

Andmanyahalf-lostsoul, Whenturnedatbay, Withthosetriumphantwords haswontheday.

-ADELAIDEA.PROCTER.

HolyWeekCeremonies

ListofSacredMinisters

PALMSUNDAY(30hMarch)

10.45a.m.SolemnBlessingofthePalms,followedby HighMass.

HisGrace-theArchbishopwillsolemnlyblessthe PalmsandpresideatHighMass.

Celebrant Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon Rev.E.Rogers.

Sub-deaconRev.E.McKenna.

AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev.E. Kennedy,VeryRev.J.Wallace.

AssistantPriestRev.F.Ryan.

DeaconsofthePassion

Christus Rev.V.O'Sullivan. Na S

7.30p.m.D

SPYWEDN

7.30p.mT C L C P

HOLYTHU

6.45-8.30a 9.30a.m.Po C A

EASTERSUNDAY

11.0a.m.PontificalMass.

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Deacon: Rev.J.Hogan.

Sub-deacon:Rev.E.McKenna.

Assistant

Priest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy.

Assistantsat

Throne:Rev.F.Ryan,J.Walsh.

Preacher:Rev.J.Buist,C.S.S.R.

1.HolyWeekmusicwillbeunderdirectionofRev.A. Lynch.

2.CeremoniesdirectedbyRevs.J.P.O'FarrellandE. J.Rogers.

3.TheMinistersoftneHolyOils: Priests:(Amice.surplice,stole,andchasuble). DeaconsAmicesr I

NUMBERINGINCORRECT

OBITUARY

LATEMRS.AMYBLANCHE McCARTHY

ThefuneralofthelateMrs. AmyBlancheMcCarthy,and BabyMaree,of13Livingstonestreet,Beaconsfield,wifeofMr. CharlesRichardMcCarthy,of theStateShippingService, ni.v.Kybra,tookplaceonTuesdaymorning,the18thMarch. RequiemMaaswascelebrated bytheRev.FatherT.W.Purcell.O.M.I.,attheChurchof ChristtheKing,Lefroy-road, Beaconsfield,inthepresenceof alargecongregation.Thechoir, arrangedbytheSistersofSt. Joseph,wasledbyMr.F.Arbuthnot.Attheconclusionof HolyMass,thecortegeproceededtotheFremantleCeme. remainswere Chtholicportion. T.W.Purcell, thelastrites, alsopresentthe J.Conway, 0.DLI.,and TheChildrenof formedaguard Churchand fromthe tothegraveMcCarthywas tae35yearsago, gestdaughter MaudBrown,of t,Fremantle, ryBrown.She ardentchurch fife,particularly ththeSodality ofMary,and urchchoir,in eyedmarked lylargegatheChurchand eloquenttechesteemand shewasheld. denwithbeautesandwideofsympathy tothebeandotherrelasadloss. inpeace.

EMANTLE TION

1

rteCarnival mantleAssoctaSports estrianand theFremantle Day,Monday, thepatronage thleticLeague en.Theprintswillbethe Gift,of£120, Otherevents mile,880yds., handicap,in aTradesHall 100yds.,willbe n-penaltyrace unregistered

CO

7.30p.m.T$ P

<GOODFRID

10.0a.m.Mass Ce D Su As S.J.,VeryRev.W.Joyce,CS.S.R.

Lector:.Rev.R.Kelly.

DeaconsofthePassion:AsonPalm

Sunday

Preacher:Rev.F.McSweeney.

3.0p.m.StationsoftheCross:RedemptoristFather.

7.30p.m.Tenebrae.AsonSpyWednesday.

8.30a.m.

Preacher:Rev.

nivalthe

100

Freestyle:1,J.Foley (F);2,P.Colleran(F);3,L. Manning(H).Time,77.6sec. (record).

55Yds.Backstroke:1,J. Foley(F);2,P.Farrell(H); 3,F.Holtom(L).Time,42.4 sec.

Life-saving:1,G.Kerrigan, G.Halvorson(H);2,W.Laurie-

Patrick's:3,Highgate.Time,2 min.42.6sec. UNDER13 55Yds.Freestyle:1,B.Whitney(St.P);2,R.Herlihy(P); 3,C.Regan(F).Time,38.6sec. (record).

55Yds.Breaststroke:1,C. Regan(F);2,B.Whitney (St.P);3,R.Day(F).Time, 50sec.(record).

Dive:1,G.Bennetts(St.P); 2,V.Searle(St.P);3,C.Creede (L).Points,26.4. UNDER12 55Yds.Freestyle:1,G.Kelleher(L);R.Swift(H);3,P. Maynard(St.P).Time,45aec. Relay:1,Patrick's;2,Leederville;3,Fremantle.Time,3min. 13.6sec.

iswillinclude eelRace,a5andaJunior 1beconducted ng,commencwithalunchthefinalsof ncludedby5 areobtainable thleticLeague, 4.,Perth,W.A. thesecretary mantleAsso1 Buildings, L2789)orsecCyclingClub. ch,Y.C.W. boyinthe Y.C.W.isaskedtobeinthe hallafterStationsnextSunday evening,March23rd,astwoof thebigcrowdscenesinthefilm aretoberehearsed.Everyone isimportant,socomealongand help.

UNDER11 35Yds.Freestyle:1,P.Mariard(StP);2,M.Wimbridge); (St.P);3,P.Durrant(F).Time, 26.4sec.

UNDER10 22Yds.Freestyle:1,T.Gee (L);2,P.Holtom(L);3.K. Campbell(F).Time,15.4sec. OLDBOYS'RELAY 1Fremantle;2,St.Patrick's; 3,Leederville.Time,2min.10.4 sec.

HolyWeekCeremonies

ListofSacredMinisters

PALMSUNDAY(30hMarch)

10.45a.m.SolemnBlessingofthePalms,followedby HighMass.

HisGracetheArchbishopwillsolemnlyblessthe PalmsandpresideatHighMass.

Celebrant Rev.J.Hogan.

Deacon Rev.E.Rogers.

Sub-deaconRev.E.,McKenna.

AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev.E. Kennedy,VeryRev.J.Wallace.

AssistantPriest:Rev.F.Ryan.

DeaconsofthePassion

Christus Rev.V.O'Sullivan.

Narrator VeryRev.L.Goody.

SynagogueRev.T.Prendiville.

7.30p.m.Devotions.Preacher:Rev.J.Buist,C.S.S.R.

SPYWEDNESDAY

7.3UputTENEBRAE.

AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev.L. Kennedy,Rev.Preacher.

Chanters:Rev.T.Ahern,Rev.T.Prendiville.

Lamentations:1.Rev.M.Byrne. 2.Rev.K.Duffy. 3.Rev.T.Prendiville.

Lessons:4.Rev.R.Kelly,5.Rev.J. Hogan,6.Rev.E.Rogers.7. Rev.J.Depiazzi,8.Rev.A. Scully,9.Rev.J.O'Dwyer.

ChoirforTenebrae:Revs.T.Prendiville. T.Ahern,M.Byrne,R.O'Reilly,J. Depiazzi,J.O'Dwyer,A.Scully,E. Rogers,J.Hogan,R.Kelly,V.O'Sullivan,F.Ryan,D.Lenihan,H.Brennan,G.O'Leary,E.McSweenep,K. Duffy,S.McKenna,M.Ryan,J. Chocolich.

Preacher:Rev.1).Breslin,O.M.1.

HOLYTHURSDAY

6.45-8.30a.m.HolyCommunion.

9.30a.m.PontificialMassandConsecrationofHoly Oils.

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Archdeacon:Rt.Rev.MonsignorFagan, V.G.

AssistantPriest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy.

DeaconsatThrone:VeryRev.E.Moss, VeryRev.J.Wallace.

DeaconoftheMass:Rev.J.Hogan.

Sub-DeaconoftheMass:Rev.R.Kelly.

PriestsoftheHolyOils(12):Revs.J.T. McMahon,J.Dunne,A.Langmead,J. McCorma,ck,G.O'Callaghan,J.Lynch, J.Russell,H.Kearin,J.Fahey,Oblate Father,RedemptoristFather,and JesuitFather.

DeaconsoftheHolyOils Revs.J. Murphy,J.Chocolich,G.O'Leary,M. Delahunty,J.Depiazzi,H.Brennan, J.O'Dwyer.

Sub-DeaconsoftheHolyOils(7):Revs. *E.McSweeney,A.Scully.K.Duffy,1). Lenihan,J.Sorohan,J.Walsh,R. O'Reilly.

Chanters:Rev.1'.Ahern,Rev.T.Prendiville.

Sub-DeaconandCross-Bearer:Rev.E. McKenna.

Choir:Revs.T.Ahern,T.Prendiville,A. Scully,V.O'Sullivan,D.Lenihan. 7.30p.m.TENEBRAE.AsonSpyWednesday.

Preacher:Rev.J.Lynch.

GOODFRIDAY

10.0a.m.MissofthePresanctified,Adorationofthe Cross.

Celebrant:VeryRev.J.Wallace.

Deacon: Rev.J.Murphy.

Sub. Rev.J.Hogan.

AssistantsatThrone:VeryRev.A.Kelly. S.J.,VeryRev.W.Joyce,C.S.S.R. Lector:.Rev.R.Kelly.

DeaconsofthePassion:AsonPalm

Sunday

Preacher:Rev.F.McSweeney.

3.0p.m.StationsoftheCross:RedemptoristFather. 7.30p.m.Tenebrae.AsonSpyWednesday.

Preacher:Rev.FatherG.Lawlor,S.J.

HOLYSATURDAY

8.30a.m.BlessingofPaschalCandle. ChantingoftheProphecies. BlessingoftheBaptismalFont. ChantingoftheLitanies. HolyMassandVespers. TheCeremoniesbytheVeryRev.Rector andStudentsofSt.Charles'Seminary.

Deacon:Rev.T.Prendiville.

EASTERSUNDAY

11.0a.m.

PontificalMass.

Celebrant:HisGracetheArchbishop.

Deacon: Rev.J.Hogan.

Sub-deacon:Rev.E.McKenna.

Assistant

Priest:VeryRev.E.Kennedy.

Assistantsat

Throne:Rev.F.Ryan,J.Walsh.

Preacher:Rev.J.Buist,C.S.S.R.

1.HolyWeekmusicwillbeunderdirectionofRev.A. Lynch.

2.Ceremoniesdirectedbylitvs.J.P.O'FarrellandE. J.Rogers.

3.TheMinistersoftneHolyOils: Priests:(Amice,surplice,stole,andchasuble). Deacons(Amice,surplice,stoleanddalmatic). Sub-deacons(Amice,surpliceandtunicle), willbringtheirownvestments,andvestbeforeHolyMasscommences.

4.PriestsnotonceremonieswillassembleintheChapterHall.

5.Morningceremoniesintheparishesshouldbeover sufficientlyearlytoenableprieststoattendthe Cathedral.

6.PriestsappointedforanyfunctionintheCathedral mustprovideasubstituteifunabletoattend.The M.C.shouldbenotifiedofanysuchchangeof Ministers.

7.ThefollowingwillprepareanddispatchtheHoly Oils: Revs.T.Ahern,J.Wallace,K.Duffy,J.Walsh, J.Hogan,E.Rogers.

8.CONFESSIONSSpyWednesday:12-1p.m.,4-6, andafterTenebrae. GoodFriday:AfterTenebrae. HolySaturday:12-1p.m.,4-6p.m.. 7.30p.m.onwards.

-OP Ae/vult;rdie, ArchbishopofPerth.

ChristianBrothers'Secondary SchoolsAssociation

TenthAnnualSwimming Carnival

SENIORCUP:1,Fremantle, 107points;2,Highgate.64;3, St.Patrick's,50;4,Leederville, 24points.

JUNIORCUP:1St.Patrick's, 541points;2,Leederville,321; 3,Fremantle,30;4,Highgate, 15points.

AGGREGATECUP:1,Fremantle,137points;2,St.Patrick's,1041;3,Highgate,79;4, Leederville,561points.

Underidealweatherconditions theC.B.S.S.A.conducteditsannualswimingcarnivalatthe CrawleyBathsonFridayevening,14thMarch.Theattendance,whichincludedseveralof theclergyandChristianBrothers,wasoneofthebiggestseen atCrawleythisyear.The20 eventswerekeenlycontestedby thecompetitorsfromthefour schools,Fremantle,Leederville, HighgateandSt.Patrick's.Five recordswerebroken,fourby boysfromFremantleandoneby aboyfromSt.Patricks'.The runningofthecarnivalwasin thehandsoftheW.A.A.T.A.officials,whointheirusualefficientmannerkeptthingsmoving smoothly.Afeatureoftheprogrammewasadivingdisplay givenbyStatechampion,Mr. SamGrosser,andtroupe.

.AttheconclusionofthecarnivalthepresidentoftheAssociation,Rev.Br.D.P.O'Connor, thankedeverybodywhohadhelpedtomakethecarnivalasue. cess.Hecongratulatedtheboys onthefinesportingspiritshown bythemduringthecarnival. Thetrophieswerethenpresented byMr.R.Bestman,presidentof theW.A.A.S.A.

Results:OPENEVENTS

100Yds.Freestyle:1,J.Foley (F);2,P.Colleran(F);3,L. Manning(H).Time,77.6sec. (record).

55Yds.Backstroke:1,J. Foley(F);2,P.Farrell(H); 3,F.Holtom(L).Time,42.4 sec.

Life-saving:1,G.Kerrigan, G.Halvorson(H);2,W.Lauris-

OBITUARY

LATEMRS.AMYBLANCHE

McCARTHY

ThefuneralofthelateMrs. AmyBlancheMcCarthy,and BabyMa.ree,of13Livingstonestreet,Beaconsfield,wifeofMr. CharlesRichardMcCarthy,of theStateSlippingService, m.v.Kybra,tookplaceonTuesdaymorning,the18thMarch. RequiemMasswascelebrated bytheRev.FatherT.W.Purcell.O.M.I.,attheChurchof ChristtheKing,Lefroy-road. Beaconsfield,inthepresenceof alargecongregation.Thechoir, arrangedbytheSistersofSt. Joseph,wasledbyMr.F.Arbuthnot.Attheconclusionof HolyMass,thecortegepro- ceededtotheFremantleCemetery,wheretheremainswere interredintheCatholicportion.

TheRev.FatherT.W.Purcell, O.M.I.,conductedthelastrites, andtherewerealsopresentthe Rev.FathersT.J.Conway, 0.M.L,M.Moore,O.M.I.,and G.JO'LearyTheChildrenof MaryinregaliaformedaguardofhonourintheChurchand precededthehearsefromthe cemeterygatestothegrave- side

ThelateMrs.McCarthywas bornatFremantle35yearsago, andwastheyoungestdaughter ofMrs.MaryMaudBrown,of 9Fothergill-street,Fremantle, andthelateHenryBrown.She hadbeenanardentchurch workerallherlife,particularly inconnectionwiththe'Sodality oftheChildrenofMary,and laterintheChurchchoir,in whichshedisplayedmarked ability.

Theexceptionallylargegath- ering,bothattheChurchand thegraveside,waseloquenttestimonytothehighesteemand affectioninwhichshewasheld. Thehearsewasladenwithbean. tifulfloraltributesandwidespreadexpressionsofsympathy havebeenextendedtothebereavedhusbandandotherrelativesintheirverysadloss.

Maysherestinpeace.

ADVANCEFREMANTLE ASSOCIATION

LabourDaySportsCarnival

sen,I.Kermode(H);3,B.Williams,M.Abbott(L).Time,37.2 see. Dive:J.,PKerrigan(H);2, G.Bennetts(St.P);3,G.Kerrigan(H).Points,27.2. UNDER16 55Yds.Freestyle:1,J.Foley (F);2,P.Colleran(F);3,F. Hughes(L).Time,33.8sec.

Relay:1,Fremantle;2,Highgate;3,Leederville.Time,2min. 32.4sec.

UNDER15

55Yds.Freestyle:1,L.Manning(H);2,P.Colleran-(F); 3,L.McComish(H).Time,35.8 sec.(equalrecord). 55Yds.Breaststroke:1,R. Curedale(F);2,P.Colleran (P);3,K.Markey(St.P). Time,46sec.(record).

55Yds.Backstroke:1,P.Colleran(F);2,L.Manning(H); 3,KMarkey(St.P).Time,45 sec.(record).

UNDER14 55Yds.Freestyle:1,B.Whitney(St.P);2,P.Daly(F);3, G.Bruce(St.P).Time,38.2sec. 110Yds.Freestyle:1,G.Bruce (St.P);2,P.Daly(F);3,J. Dougan(F).Tin*,lmin.80.2 sec. 55Yds.Backstroke:1,P.Daly (F);2,B.Whitney(St.P);3,G. Bruce(St.P).Time,45.2sec.

Relay:1,Fremantle;2,St. Patrick's;3,Highgate.Time,2 min.42.6sec.

UNDER1$

55Yds.Freestyle:1,B.Whitney(St.P);2,R.Herlihy(P); 3,C.Regan(F).Time,38.6sec. (record).

56Yds.Breaststroke:1,C. Regan(F);2,B.Whitney (St.P);3,R.Day(F).Time, 50sec.(record).

Dive:1,G.Bennetts(St.P); 2,V.Searle(St.P);3,C.Creede (L).Points,26.4.

UNDER12 55Yds.Freestyle:1,G.Kelleher(L);R.Swift(H);3,P. Maynard(St.P).Time,45sec.

Relay:1,Patrick's;2,Leederville;3,Fremantle.Time,3min. 13.6sec.

TheAdvanceFremantleAssociationwillconductaSports Carnivalofpedestrianand cyclingeventsattheFremantle OvalonLabourDay,Monday, May5th,underthepatronage oftheW.A.AthleticLeague andW.A.Wheelmen.Theprincipalrunningeventswillbethe AdvanceFremantleGift,of£120, runover120yards.Otherevents willincludea1mile,880yds., 440yds.and220yds.handicap,in additiontowhichaTradesHall Handicap,over100yds.,willbe includedasanon-penaltyrace forregisteredandunregistered runners.

Thecyclingeventswillinclude aLabourDayWheelRace,a5mileScratchRaceandaJunior event.

TheCarnivalwillbeconducted asanall-daymeeting,commentingat10.30a.m.,withaluncheonadjournment,thefinalsof alleventsbeingconcludedby5 o'clock.

Entryformsareobtainable fromsec.W.A.AthleticLeague, BoxJ702,G.P.O.,Perth,W.A. LeagueWheelmen,thesecretary oftheAdvanceFremantleAssociation,TownHallBuildings, Fremantle(phoneL2789)orsecretaryFremantleCyclingClub.

LeedervilleBranch,Y.C.W.

Rehearsals:Everyboyinthe Y.C.W.isaskedtobeinthe hallafterStationsnextSunday evening,March23rd,astwoof thebigcrowdscenesinthefilm aretoberehearsed.Everyone isimportant,socomealongand help.

UNDER11 35Yds.Freestyle:1,P.Maraard(StP);2,M.Wimbridge); (St.P);3,P.Durrant(F).Time, 26.4sec.

UNDER10 22Yds.Freestyle:1,T.Gee (L);2,P.Holtom(L);3.S. Campbell(F).Time,15.4sec. OLDBOYS'RELAY 1Fremantle;2,St.Patrick's; 8,Leederville.Time,2min.10.4

CW

ACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St. George'sTerrace,Perth. 'Phone:B2546.

HEADQUARTERS

Meetings

Executive:Thursday277.p.m.

ATHLETICS

Y.C.W.Championships

ThefirstdayoftheY.0 championshipswas Saturday,15inst.

Oval.Fromallangl ingwasamarked wasaneventthat whenthehistoryo inWesternAustral'

Theoutstanding ofthedaywasthej sprintofBilldeG trackwasheavyan offthemarkbuthe inbrilliantstyle seconds.Thistime ofasecondfaster forthesenior100 tenthofasecon StateJuniorrecord.

Acomparative athleticsmadean selfbyclearing10 polevault.Thisn biaco'sJackRigby verypromisingfu vaultingifhespeci event.Thecontest roundchampionwas eatingstageatthe thefirstway.Leo 21pointsiscloset

00t7.W1 et, When agehe road theid timehe night somest comme twor added Cullw trickle

LaurieRyanwith18points. Thesetwoathletesbothhavea heavyprogrammeonthe22nd. andtheresultwillprobablybe indoubtuntilthelastevent. GeoffWornerwith12yointsis hotfavouriteforthe220and440 yardsandheisagoodpossibilityforthe440yardshurdles. LeoHickeywhoranGeoffavery closesecondinthe120yds.hurdleswillmakeadeterminedeffort topreventhiscapturingthe double.Hickeycausedgreat surprisebydefeatingthehotfavouriteBrianMurphyinthe100 yards,andtheirencounterinthe 220yardsiseagerlyawaited.

THERECORD

PresentationofTrophies Trophieswillbepresentedto theY.C.W.AthleticClub'schampionsonWednesday,April9in thePerthTownHall.Itis hopedthatHisGravetheArchbishopwillmakethepdesentation.Theeveningwilltakethe formofaConcert-supper

VEMENT i

UARTERS ngtoEaster April7th,the 11beheldon presidentand eachbranch ndtheCourt-

TheExecutive heldonthe theCouncil April11th,at

1 COMMITtingsofthe Willbeheldat y,2nd,16th gatestothis earnestlyreaspreparr. ere'Retreat, 26thand27th inhand.

BRANCH ourbranchofFatherPtiratourbranch occasionwas himwerealmainstayof inFremantle Hewasalgoodadvice inalldiffiaresorryto ewhewill inhisprayhandevery antlebranch andbon 'IY oftheCarheldatthe Square,on mencingat Socialactivity rtheSisters, ibletoconindividually, invitedto canhelp cessbypurtheraffleof rfromMiss iser),406 Perth(tel-

B.S.

Atthe'meetingonthe12th inst.,Mr.W.Rigbywasuuiy admitted.Therewasaverygood attendanceofmembersandmattersrelativetothedrivefor rawmemberswereconsidered.

'TheactivitiooftheTennisClue arenowbeingquickenedinview ofthemoresuitableweather prevailing.TheGeneralPurposes CommitteeoftheTennisClub willmeetwithinthenextfew daystoarrangeseveralmattersincludingatournament.It wasdecidedtoconveneageneral meetingofmembersoftheTennisClubforTuesday,April1st. Everymemberisexpectedtoattendthismeetingwhichwillbe amostimportantone.Itwas announcedthatatthegeneral meetingoftheW.A.C.L.T.A. Bro.JackEdwardswasappointedaspresident,Bro.PatCasey assecretaryandBro.Gerard Edwardsasamemberofthe executive.Afterthemeetingon the27thinst.,Nos.1and2table tennisandquoitsteamwillplay St.Patrick'sandHolyRosary branchesrespectively.

CW

ACTIVITIES

NationalMutualBuildings,81St. George'sTerrace,Perth.

'Phone:B2546.

HEADQUARTERS

Meetings

Executive:Thursday277.p.m.

ATHLETICS

Y.C.W.Championships

ThefirstdayoftheY.C.W. championshipswasconductedon Saturday,15inst.atLeederville Oval.Fromallanglesthemeeting ingwasamarkedsuccess,and wasaneventthatwillstandout whenthehistoryoftheY.C.W. inWesternAustraliaiswritten.

Theoutstandingperformance ofthedaywasthejunior100yds. sprintofBilldeGruchy.The trackwasheavyandhewasslow offthemarkbuthecamethrough inbrilliantstyletoclock10.1 seconds.Thistimewasone-tenth ofasecondfasterthanthetime forthesenior100yds.,andonetenthofasecondoutsidethe StateJuniorrecord.

Acomparativenew-comerto athleticsmadeanameforhimselfbyclearing10feetinthe polevault.ThisnoviceisSubiaco'sJackRigbywhohasa verypromisingfutureinpole vaultingifhespecialisesinthat event.Thecontestfottheallroundchampionwasataninterestingstageatthecompletionof thefirstway.LeoHickeywith 21pointsiscloselypressedby

LaurieRyanwith18points.

Thesetwoathletesbothhavea heavyprogrammeonthe22nd. andtheresultwillprobablybe indoubtuntilthelastevent. GeoffWornerwith12yointsis hotfavouriteforthe220and440 yardsandheisagoodpossibilityforthe440yardshurdles.

LeoHickeywhoranGeoffavery closesecondinthe120yds.hurdleswillmakeadeterminedeffort topreventhiscapturingthe double.Hickeycausedgreat surprisebydefeatingthehotfavouriteBrianMurphyinthe100 yards,andtheirencounterinthe 220yardsiseagerlyawaited.

TheJuniorChampionshipsotar isinthehandsofFremantle's DesReedwith12yoints,Frank CarterofMaylandswith9yoints isrunningsecond.OnMarch 22,theinterestshouldbevery acutewhenLeederville'sstarBill deGruchycompetesinthe220 yds.plusallthethrowingevents.

Intheinter-branchcompetition Subiacohasacommandinglead with96yoints,followedbyFremantle54,Leederville361,Cottesloe171,Highgate14,Cathedral9 Maylands9andClaremont2

FortheseniordivisionSubiaco has74yoints,Fremantlebeing nextwith30.Leedervilleare strongestintheJuniordivision with361pointsfromFremantle with24andSubiaco22.TheremarkablefactaboutLeederville's teamisthatallbutoneofthem arechampions.BilldeGruchy JimWaters,TerryWoodthorpe, andNevilleBrownriggallcapturedtoppoints,whiletheremainingmemberranagood100 yds.heat,butjustfailedtoget placedinthefinal.

NUMBER6

1-kineilefibSeries

PresentationofTrophies

Trophieswillbepresentedto theY.C.W.AthleticClub'schampionsonWednesday,April9in thePerthTownHall. Itis hopedthatHisGravetheArchbishopwillmakethepdesentation.Theeveningwilltakethe formofaConcert-supperanda danceconcludingat12o'clock. admissionisonly2s.andeveryone bothyoungandoldiscordially invitedtoattend.

RESULTSOFEVENTS

Senior

100yds.:Heat1:L.Hickey (S)1,B.Murphy(F)2;time, 10.2sec.Heat2:M.Bridgewood (Cl)1,R.Miller(CI)2;time, 10.6sec.Heat3:G.Worner(S) 1,K.Duffy(S)2;time,10.3sec.

FINAL:G.Worner(S)1,L. Hickey(S)2,B.Murphy3;time, 10.2sec.

440yds.:Heat1:B.Murphy (F)1,M.Bridgewood(Cl)2, W.Cochrane(H)3;time54.1, Heat2:G.Worner(S)1,P. Lynch(H)2,G.Lyons(H)3; time.55sec.

OneMile:W.Cochrane(H)1, J.McLinden(F)2,J.Feeney (F)3;time,5min.6sec.

Half-mileWalk:J.Feeney(F)

1,R.Ryan(S)2,J.Hodge(S)

3;notimetaken.

120yds.Hurdles:G.Worner (S)1,L.Hickey(S)2,W.Melvin(Cott)3;time,16.8sec.

PoleVault:L.Ryan(S)1, J.Rigby(S)2,L.Hickey(S) 3;height,10ft.6in.(unfinished).

HighJump:L.Ryan(S)1, G.Foley(F)2,S.Sorahan.(S) height,5ft.4in.

Hop,,StepandJump:G.Foley (F)1,L.Hickey(S)2,L.Ryan (S)3;distance,40ft.5iin.

BroadJump:L.Hickey(St G.Foley(F)2,L.Ryan(5)3; distance,18ft.Min. Junior

100yds.:Heat1:W.deGruchy (L)1,J.Berkery(Cott)2;time, 10.1sec.Heat2:J.Walsh(H) 1,L.Girault(L)2;time,11.3 sec.Heat3:F.Carter(M)1,J. Parker(F)andJ.Parrot(F) equal2;time,11sec.FINAL: W.deGruchy(L)1,J.Berkery (Cott)2,F.Carter(M)3;time, 10.1sec.

OneMile:J.Waters(L)1, P.Hickey(S)2,J.Stewart(S) 3;notimetaken. Half-mileWalk:F.Carter(M 1,N.Harris(S)2,P.Hickey (S)3;time,4min.10sec.

120yds.Hurdles:T.Woodthorpe(L)1,G.Melvin(Cott) 2,N.Brownrigg(L)3;time, 17.7sec.

HighJump:D.Reed(F)1, N.Brownrigg(L)2,K.Salt (Cath)3;height,5ft.5in.

PoleVault:F.Hughes(S)1, height7ft.6in.(unfinished).

BroadJump:D.Reed(F)1, G.Melvin(Cott)2,N.Brownrigg (L)3;distance,18ft.51in. Hop,StepandJump:N. Brownrigg(L)1,K.Salt(Cath) G.Melvin(Cott)3;distance, 37ft.101in.

forfeittoMidlandthroughshortageofgrounds,deprivedusof chanceoftakingpartinthe grandfinal.

InthematchagainstMaylands Maylandsbattedfirstandmade 46runs,theonlybatsmanto reachdoublefiguresbeingVolich 17. Ouroutstandingbowler wasS.Quainwith4for9.R. Boylanwith34notoutwasthe outstandingbatsmanforus,his scorebeingalmosthalfofour totalof83runs.Douglaswith 4for9wasthebestoftheMaylandsbowlers.

SUBIACOBRANCH

VisittoClub

OnMondaynight,10thinst. thebranchwasvisitedbyan officeroftheCommonwealthVocationalGuidanceBureau,Mr. Livesay,whooutlinedforthememberstheadvantagesofthe servicesofferedbythegovernmentfreetoanyonewhoseeks thehelpofthedepartment.In spiteofapoorattendance,we feelsurethatthevisitwasnot madeinvain,andwewouldlike anymemberofthebranchwho wishes,toseeMr.Livesay,either throughthebranchorbyapplyingdirecttothedepartment, whichissituatedinMcNeil Chambers.

Elections

Nominationshavebeen'taken forelectionofofficers,andelectionsweretohavebeenheldon 10thinst.,butonaccountofa numberofthingscroppingup, thewerepostponeduntilafuturedate.Theywilldefinitelybe heldonthe24thofthismonth, soweareappealingtoallmemberstomakethatnightafull attendancetoenableusto getthesematterssettled.The nominationsmaybehadonapplicationtoeitherthesecretary, TedFlanagan,orthepresident, FrankBell.

Athletics

FrankHugheshitalltheheadlinesonaccountofhisgameness afterhisbadknockingaboutin thejuniorpolevault,inwhich eventheflattenedeverything buttheofficials.Congratulations onyourwin,Frank!

Dance

Ourt.Patrick'snightdance wasagreatsuccessfromevery pointofview.Therewasarecordcrowdof280oddinattendance,andinspiteoftheheat oftheday,andthegreatcrowd, thehallwasquitecoolandall enjoyedagreatnight.Theorchestrawaspresentedwithsmall tokensofouresteemandanexpressionofappreciationwas voicedbythewholecrowd.

Weareextremelysorrytolose theservicesofsocompetentand pleasantatrio,andwewish themallthebestwhereverthey maygo. FortyHours

Cuttskuse1869

WhenMatthewCullwasonlytwenty-oneyearsof ageheboughtanacreofgroundhalf-wayalongthe roadbetweenAlbanyandMiddletonBeach,with theideaofbuildingahouseforhimself.Atthe timehewasworkingontheAlbanyjetty,andevery nightwhenhereturnedfromworkhewouldcarry. somestonewithhimforhisnewhousewhichhe commencedabout1869.Atfirsttherewereonly tworooms,andthenastheCullfamilygrew,he addedmoreroomsandbuilttheupperstorey.Mr. Cullwasanexcellenthandyman,carpenterand bricklayer,andhisquaintoldhomewithitsrooms builtafterthestyleofanEnglishinn,anditsstaircase,whichwasoncethegangwayofaship,isstill inexcellentconditiontoday.MatthewCulldied in1938attheageof90years,afterbeingverger ofSt.John'sChurchofEngland,Albany,for56 years.

Publishedasatributetooutpioneersby TheSwanBreweryCompanyLimited, makersofSwanLager.

OpenMedleyRelay(880yds.)

44e,t:s.,2x Fon:antis 1.eederville1.Highgate3: 'ime4min.13.9sec.

CATHEDRALBRANCH

VictoriaParkBranchisadvisedthattheindoorsportstobe heldonMarch18willtakeplace atSt.Patrick'sSchool,WellingtonSt.,notatCathedralHallas previouslymentioned. Itiswithregretthatwesay farewelltooneofourmembers, RonCooper.Hehasbeena staunch,keen,loyalmember sincehisentryintotheclub. Bothinthecricketandfootball seasonevenifhewasn'tplaying himselfhewouldcomealongand givehisablesupport.Heis shortlytogosomewhereinAustralia;sincedutycallswewish himeverysuccessandgoodluck inhisAirForcecareer.

VICTORIAPARKBRANCH Cricket

LastSundayweplayedour lastofficialgameoftheseason againstMaylands,andweresuccessfulindefeatingthemby37 runs.

Thevictoryleftusonewin shortofMidlandwhotoppedthe tableintheEasternZone,and thusitcannowbeseenhowa

FREMANTLE

CricketandFootball

Thecricketseasonhasended, andourteamnowpacksaway itsgearafteraverysuccessful season,havingbeendefeatedonly threetimesoutofthemany matchestheyhaveplayed.However,arrangementsarenow beingmadetoformafootball teamforthecomingseason,and anyoneinterestedshouldhandin hisnameatthebranchmeetings or:Mondaynights.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS MEETINGS:OwingtoEaster

MondayfallingonApril7th,the Councilmeetingwillbeheldon April14th.Thepresidentand onedelegatefromeachbranch areexpectedtoattendtheCouncilmeeting.

EXECUTIVE:TheExecutive meetingwillbeheldonthe FridayprecedingtheCouncil meeting,thatis,April11th,at 8p.m.

MARIANLODGECOMMIT-

TEE:Thenextmeetingsofthe aboveCommitteewillbeheldat 6p.m.onWednesday,2nd,16th and30thApril.Delegatestothis Committeeareearnestlyrequestedtoattend,aspreparationsfortheLeaders'Retreat, tobeheldonthe26thand27th April,mustbeputinhand.

FREMANTLEBRANCH

OnMarch11thourbranchofficiallyfarewelledFatherPurcell.Theattendanceatourbranch meetingonthisoccasionwas doubled.Inlosinghimwerealisehehasbeenthemainstayof theMovementinFremantle sinceitsinception.Hewasalwaysreadywithgoodadvice andpracticalhelpinalldiffi. culties.

Eventhoughwearesorryto seehimgo,weknowhewill alwaysrememberusinhisprayers.Onbehalfofeachandevery memberoftheFremantlebranch wewishhimGod-speedandbon voyage.

CARDPARTY

BeginningonFriday,14th inst.,withMassat6.30a.m.,the fortyhours'adorationwasconductedatSt.Joseph'sChurch, concludingwithHighMassat 10.30Sundaymorning.Itwas gratifyingtoseethenumbersof Y.C.W.'swhoattendedthevariousphasesofthedevotion,and alsotonotethatthe10.30concludingMasswasservedbyfour Y.C.W.leaders.Thisisthetrue spiritoftheMovementandis agoodomenforoursuccess.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH

Congratulationstoourathleteswhoexcelledthemselvesat LeedervilleOvalonSaturday. BillDeGruchyranafine100yds., whileTerryWoodthorpe,Neville BrownriggandJimWatersalso wonevents.LesGiraltranvery wellinthe100yds.

SocialActivities

Ourpopulardancewillbeheld inSt.Mary'sHallonFriday night,March21st.

Thetennisnightsareheld everyThursdayeveningat WorthyPark,Bourke-street. RehearsalsareonSunday eveningsafterdevotions.

CarnivalDance

WeareholdingagalacarnivalonEasterMondaynight. Wewouldliketoseearecord crowdinattendance.

AcardpartyinaidoftheCarmeliteSisterswillbeheldatthe College,VictoriaSquare,on Friday,May2nd,commencingat 8p.m.

Thisistheonlysocialactivity heldeachyearfortheSisters, andasitisimpossibletocontactallcardplayersindividually, youarecordiallyinvitedto attend.

Non-cardplayerscanhelp makethispartyasuccessbypurchasingticketsintheraffleof alargecanearmchairfromMiss A.Chesson(organiser),406 Charles-st.,NorthPerth(telB9106).

H.A.C.B.S.

Atthemeetingonthe1211 inst.,Mr.W.Rigbywas(July admitted.Therewasaverygood attendanceofmembersandmattersrelativetothedrivefor newmemberswereconsidered. activitioftheTennisClun arenowbeingquickenedinview ofthemoresuitableweather prevailing.TheGeneralPurposes CommitteeoftheTennisClub willmeetwithinthenextfew daystoarrangeseveralmattersincludingatournament.It wasdecidedtoconveneageneral meetingofmembersoftheTennisClubforTuesday,April1st. Everymemberisexpectedtoattendthismeetingwhichwillbe amostimportantone.Itwas announcedthatatthegeneral meetingoftheW.A.C.L.T.A. Bro.JackEdwardswasappointedaspresident,Bro.PatCasey assecretaryandBro.Gerard Edwardsasamemberofthe executive.Afterthemeetingon the27thinst.,Nos.1and2table tennisandquoitsteamwillplay St.Patrick'sandHolyRosary branchesrespectively.

4

Howdid

THECRAZYGUY

hundred,"Itoldhim."Andnow there'sabouttwelvehundred," hesays,"andthey'reputtingout morenailsthanever.What aboutthoseothersixhundred guys?"hesays.

"Well,Ineverthoughtofthat," Isays."Youcan'tinterferewith themarchofprogress."

"Whatdoyoumeanbypro- gress?"hesays."Youdon't callitprogresswhenyoumake morenailsandgivelessmenjobs. Whataretherunnintheworld

onourfloor."Now,Malone,"he says,"youknowStanislowski betterthananyoneelse,theytell me."

"Ididn'tknowhimgood though,"Isays."Nooneknew himgood. Ionlyhadhimout thehouseacoupleoftimesto dinner,hewassuchalonely kindofanoldguy."

"Oh,we'renottryingto fastenanythingonyou,"the supersays."AllwewanttoestablishishathwasaRed.

roomtalkingtohimselfwithhis

oninsideout.Imagine! Me?No,Idon'twanttobust nomachines.Ijustwantajob. Sure,Sure.Thanks;I'llbeup dayafterto-morrowtostart then.Good-bye,now.

TheNew ....This

plant

Idon't

i

wasno

act

wasdamnedof Theyputhimo

tomineand itallrightandre thinghappened.A worriedabouthim foreman'sjobins afterIgottokno worriedanymore. whyIwasn'texcep n't.whatyou'dcall kindofguy.

Igottoknow Hisfirstnamewas cometothisco wasakid.He'dw OhioandinPittsb beeninsteeldown Hedidn'thaveno livedinaloomin bysomeotherPole oftownthatkept hadalittletruck dayafternonshe'd handaroundthef daysandmosteve stuffhecalleden booksIneverhe guynamedBlock Hewassucha anoldguy,altho seemtobotherhi askedhimoutto Sundaydinner.H someandtalkeda thefactorysystem ductionwasandwe backonthefarm.

SoIsaidthatwasokaybut somebodyhadtoworkinthefactones.The MarchofProgress

"Howmanyguyswasr--..king inthefactorywhenyoucome there?"heasks."Abouteighteen

a Phone13. Boa124 AustraliaHotel IALGOOBLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.House. e OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms.

RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesInthe CentreofTown.

M.I.DILLON,Licensee.

ticed

I'm

CR.OSS-EXAMINED

Lithgoe,thesuperintendent, callsmeovertohimandsays: "Don'ttalktonoone.Goright tomyofficeandwaittherefor hie."

Hesendsaguarddownwith me,althoughIwouldofgoneto theofficewithoutnoguard,and abouttenminuteslaterhe comesdownhimselfwiththe twoassistantsuperswhowork

"Well,let'ssee,"Isaid."He usedtogardensomeoutwith thosePolackshelivedwith.And heusedtoread.Let'ssee.Well, oncehesaid,whatthehellwas theworldmadefor,nailsor men?ButIguessthat'sabout all.Idon'tknow-whetherthose thingsarenutsifafactoryhand doesthemornot."

"Well,Lithgoesays,getting nasty,"ifthat'sthewayyoufeel aboutit,youbettergetyour time.Wedon'twantanyone aroundherethatthinkssuch ideasashisappearedtobeare sane.Ofcourse,ifyouchange yourmindbynextweek,letus know."

Iwentoutoftherefeeling kindofsick,Idon'tmindtellingyou.I'dneverbeenoutof ajobinmylife.AndItried tothinkofsomethingnuttyPete hadsaidandIcouldn't.

entusiastsisgrongevery day.

ITWORKS.

Rev.J.A.Winnenoffersthe followingdescriptionofhowa congregationmaybewonover notmerelytoendurehuteven topreferthetraditionalmusic oftheChurch.Headvisesthat abeginningshouldbemade withtheschoolchildren."Train carefullyyourlittlesingersfor theirdebutandwatchthere suit.Itwillbe-ifwemaylawfullysetlittlethingsalongside thegreat-likethefirstPentecostday.Theparishionerswill speakproandcon;somewill approve,andamongthemthe parents,friendsandrelativesof theyoungsters;otherswilldisapprove,andamongthemthe soloistsandstarsofthebig choir-theyfeelitcoming!On thebirthdayoftheChurchsome

saidtheApostleswereinspired, otherspretendedtheyweredrunk. ton,andso Veryoften donotlike theysimply gbeingnew, utsodoyour awhileyou andwouldfeel thrownthem humannature willingpastor. ttysoonthe rst-outers,for aystoolong, pleasurethat newchant,isso TheRosary-andevoteeswillfind tisnotso abstracting,that nwhilethe aswellasdurThelongnedworship. ublesomestrifeng sopranosand finallyenjoy peaceandare eonwhatis altar.Every 'sell'Gregorian h.Itissurowquicklyit intheright ord. The ristian,'seems oncetheage-old Christianfampposethatwe withFather mateofour isafactthat earsplainsong ntstohearit.

LITURGY. chantisthe ofallsacred esperfectlythe thesanctuary. his"MotuProusic,laysdown e:Themore tionforchurch movement,inourtheGra. moresacredand es;andthe onyitiswith °del,theless thetemple.He ruleoutof orrnsofChurch doesmaintain chantisthe archparexceldinginthevery doestheHoly sicpolyphony, RomanSchool, ahighestper nthcentury GiovanniPieritcannotbe so-calledsacred writtenwhichis thosequalities speaks.Many .rn.sers,itis theirlabours thetextofthe usic.Excellent ismaybe,con. lyasmusic-it not eepingwiththedignityofGod'sHouseandIta Ceremonial.Inmanyofthese compositionstherehasbeena tendencytodramatisetheMass andtofocusattentiononthe choir-loftandnotonthealtar.

No!TheSacredLiturgyloses noneofitssolemnitywhenitis accompaniedbynoothermusic thantheGregorianchant.For themusicplaysasubsidiary role-itissubservienttothe MysteryofFaithwhichisbeing enactedonthealtar.Itisthe Massthatmatters,andwhatevertendstodistractortoturn ourattentionfromIthasno placeintheChurch,Thatis whyplainsongissoeminently suitableforperformanceis church.Ifyoudon'tlikeit.perseverewithituntilyoudo.But don'tcondemnitwithoutafair trial.

THECRAZYGUY

Perhapsoneneedstoknowthe encyclicalsoftheHolyFathers onlabourandpropertyinorder toappreciatetheironicimplicationsinTheCrazyGuy.....Itis aterrifyingcommentonthe powerofcapitalismoverlabour, nadwasincludedinTheBest ShortStories,1938.

TheStanislowskiAffair

Yessir,Ibeenworkinginnails eversinceIwasakid.Started outrunningerrandsforthecompanywhenIwasakid,andwent ontothefactorywhenIwasseventeen.

No,I'mnotaunionman.There ain'tnounionsdowninPeerless NailandWire.No,Ididn'ttry todonuorganizing.Yeah,1 wastherewhentheStanislowski thinghappened.That'showcome Iwasfiredafterbeingthereso longandinlineforaforeman's jobandeverything.

Who,meaRed?Hellno.And hewasn'teither.Hewasa Catholic.Iusedtoseehimat MasseverySunday.Youcan't beaCommunistandaCatholic atthesametime.Thenwhy wasIfired?Well,ifyouwant tohearit,I'lltellyou,butit'sa prettylungstory.ThankyouI willsitdown.

Ofcoursethereain'tnousein talkingtoomuchaboutit.It's alloverandhe'sdeadandI'm fired,butmaybeitcandosome goodbecausethenyou'llknow whytheycannedmeafterfourteenyearswhenIdidn'tdonotl-ingwrongatall.

Oh,yeah,aboutStanislowski Well,thatguywasn'tcrazyat all,atall.Nosir,notatall. That'sthewholestory.WhyI wasfiredandeverything.Sure A knowitsoundsscrewy,but here'showithappened.

TheNewHand ....ThisStanislowskicomestothe plantonedayaboutayearago.

Idon'tknowhowhegotajob BecausehewasnokidHemust havebeenaroundfifty,although sometimesheactedyoungerand hewasdamnedstrong.

Theyputhintonthemachine nexttomine.ridhecouldwork itallrightandrepairitifsomethinghappened.AtlrstIwas worriedabouthimgettingthe foreman'sjobinsteadofme,but afterIgottoknowhimIwasn't worriedanymore.Idon'tknow whyIwasn'texceptthathewasn't.whatyou'dcallanambitious kindofguy.

Igottoknowhimbetter. HisfirstnamewasPeteandhe'd cometothiscountrywhenhe wasakid.He'dworkedallover OhioandinPittsburghandhe'd beeninsteeldowntoJohnstown. Hedidn'thavenofamilyandhe livedinaloominahouseowned bysomeotherPolesontheedge oftownthatkeptchickensand hadalittletruckfarm.Saturdayafternonshe'dgivethema handaroundthefarm,andSundaysandmosteveningsheread stuffhecalledencyclicalsand booksIneverheardofbysome guynamedBlockorBelock. Hewassuchalonelysortof anoldguy,althoughitdidn't seemtobotherhintmuchthatI askedhimouttothehousefor Sundaydinner.Heloosenedup someandtalkedabouthowbad thefactorysystemandmassproductionwasandweshouldallgo hackonthefarm.

SoIsaidthatwasokaybut somebodyhadtoworkinthefactories.

TheMarchofProgress "Howmanyguyswasv--'-king inthefactorywhenyoucome there?"heasks."Abouteighteen Phone13. Box124 AustraliaHotel KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A.andR.A.C.House. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church.

HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms.

RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown.

M.1.DILLON,Licensee.

hundred,"Itoldhim."Andnow there'sabouttwelvehundred," hesays,"andthey'reputtingout morenailsthanever.What aboutthoseothersixhundred guys?"hesays.

"Well,Ineverthoughtofthat," Isays."Youcan'tinterferewith themarchofprogress."

"Whatdoyoumeanbypro- gress?"hesays."Youdon't callitprogresswhenyoumake morenailsandgivelessmenjobs. Whataretheyrunningtheworld foranyways,"hesays,"nailsor men?"

Well,werevergotnowheres arguing,butIcouldstilllikethe guyandmykidsandwifeliked him,heoouldpunchoutplenty, ofnailsandtherewasn'tnodangerofhimgettingfiredeven ehentheygotthosenewmachinesinthatthey'dbeentalking about.That'swhatmadethe wholethingsoscrewy.

It'sIntheAir

Withoutnowarningthesenew machinesarethereonedaywhen wegettowork,standingagainst thewalloftheshop,blocking outsomeofthelight,waitingto besetup,withthearmonthem halfaslongagainastheregularmachines,theoldones.

Itellyoutherewasdamned poorproductionthat(lay.Ididn'thavemuchreasontoworry, butthewholeplacefeltsorestlessthatIbegantofeelfunny myself.Thewaytheguyslookedastheytalkedwasenoughto giveyouthewillies.

IlookupStanislowskyduring lunchhourandIsaytohim:"I guessit'sgoingtobetoughon someoftheboys.""Well,what didyouexpect?"hesays."Every coupleofyearsthesamething willhappen."

"It'stough,allright,"Itold him,"butyoucan'tinterfere withthemarchofprogress.

Whatareyougoingtodo?"

"Stopthemarchofprogress," hesays,"orwhattheycallthe marchofprorgess,untilsome wayhasbeenfoundtotakecare ofthe-theresultingunemployed,"Ithinkhecalledit.

"Youdon'thavetoworry, anyhow,"Isaid."Youwon'tget fired.Youain'tbeenherelong, butyouknowyourstuff."

"IfIwasdischarged,"lie says,"itwouldn'thesobadas forsomeoftheotherswithfamilies.Whydidthisplacehave tobethefirsttobuythesenew machines?"

"Whatareyougoingtodo?"

Isays,sarcastic-like.Bustthem up?"

"Morepeoplewouldbekept workingforawhile,"hesays, "ifsomethinglikethathappened.Youdon'tliketoseekidsgo hungry,"hesays,"becausetheir fatherisoutofajob?" said:"Hell,no,butwhatcan youdo?"

ASGOODASHISWORD

Ididn'tgettoseehimafter workandIwasprettytired whenIgothomeandsleptgood anditwasadamngoodthing I(lid,too. Thenextmorning1getthere justonthedotofeightandI'm tellingyouwhenIlookinon ourfloorIthinkI'mnuts.Those newmachineswaslyingonthe floorandmostofthemwasall bustedup.Thecompanyguards wastherewithriflesandthey hadtheguysthatworkedthe machineslinedupagainstthe walls.YoucouldsmellgunpowderintheairandthenInoticedrightnearthebustedmachinesPeterStanislowskiwas lyingonhisface,hisheadina puddleofbloodandasmallheadedlong-handledsledgehammerlyingunderhim.

I'mtellingyou,Ineversee thelikeofit.Ithoughtwas screwyorhavingabaddream. Theotherguysthatworkedthe machineslookedthesameway Ifelt-kindofdizzy-lookingand sick.

CROSS-EXAMINED

enourfloor."Now,Malone,"he says,"youknowStanislowski betterthananyoneelse,theytell me."

"Ididn'tknowhimgood though,"Isays."Nooneknew himgood. Ionlyhadhimout thehouseacoupleoftimesto dinner,hewassuchalonely kindofanoldguy."

"Oh,we'renottryingto fastenanythingonyou,"the supersays."AllwewanttoestablishisthathewasaRed. Hewas,wasn'the?"

"NotthatIknowof,"Isays. "Leastways,henevermentioned ittome."

"Didn'thegiveyoupamphlets aboutcommunism?"

"No,sir,"Isays."Hegive mestuffwrittenbyaPope.

"Youwouldn'tkidme,Malone?"Lithgoesays,sneeringlike.

"No,sir,"Isays."Here,look atitifyouwant."

"Don'tgivemethatrubbish," Lithgoesays."Youcangonow, butweain'tthroughwithyou yet."

Iwasworriedsome,butI didn'tknowwhattheywereso worriedabout.Ifigureditmust besomethingelsethanthebustedmachines.Oneoftheassistantsuperstellsmetotakethe afternoonoff,soIdidn'tknow whattheywereallsoworried aboutuntilseethepapersthat afternoon.Thewholestorywas inthepaper.Stanislowskihad beenthefirstmantoworkthat morningandhemustofcarried thehammerinwithhimunder hisovercoat.Lithgoehearsthe noiseupstairsandhegoesonto thefloorwiththeguardsand rightawayhetellstheguards togiveittoStanislowski.

Anyhow,Lithgoewasonthe edgeofbeinginajamandthe nextdayhegoesaroundtosee FatherMalik,whorunsthe PolishChurchintown,andcheck withhimaboutStanislowski.I don'tknowwhatLithgoesaid, butanyhowhegetsthrownout oftherectory.

ThenextmorningLithgoecalls metotheofficeandthistime he'sallsmilesandofferingme cigarsandtalkingabouthow I'minlineforthenextforeman's jobthat'sopen;andIdon'tknow what'sgotintotheguyuntil hesays:'Now,Malone,we're gladtofindoutthatyouwere r:ghtandtellingthetruthabout StanislowskinotbeingaRed. Stanislowski'scaseisaverybad one,"hesays."Wehavereasonto believethepoormanwasinsane."

"Youdon'tsay,"Isays. "That'snewstome."

"Oh,come,come,Malone,"he says;"youknewhimbetterthan anyoneelse.Howcouldanyone butacrazymancommitsuch a. wantonactofsabotage'' that'swhathecalledit-"awantonactofsabotagesuchas Stanislowskidid,anactwhich willkeepusontheoldschedule ofproductionformonthsto comeandwhichinterferssosowantonlywiththemarchof progress.NowsurelyStanislowskimusthaverevealedother signsofhisinsanityandwhat we'dlikeyoutodoistosotestifybeforethegrandjurynext weekifitisnecessarytodoso. Thinkhard,Malone.Justwhat weretheman'shabits?They musthavebeenrevealing."

THEGUYCRAZY?HONESTLY NO1

"Well,let'ssee,"Isaid."He usedtogardensomeoutwith thosePolackshelivedwith.And heusedtoread.Let'ssee.Well, oncehesaid,whatthehellwas theworldmadefor,nailsor men?ButIguessthat'sabout all.Idon'tknowwhetherthose thingsarenutsifafactoryhand doesthemornot."

Lithgoe,thesuperintendent, callsmeovertohimandsays: "Don'ttalktonoone.Goright tomyofficeandwaittherefor hie." Hesendsaguarddownwith me,althoughIwouldofgoneto theofficewithoutnoguard,and abouttenminuteslaterhe comesdownhimselfwiththe twoassistantsuperswhowork

"Well,Lithgoesays,getting nasty,"ifthat'sthewayyoufeel aboutit,youbettergetyour time.Wedon'twantanyone aroundherethatthinkssuch ideasashisappearedtobeare sane.Ofcourse,ifyouchange yourmindbynextweek,letus know."

room

Idon'twanttobust nomachines.Ijustwantajob. Sure,Sure.Thanks; beup dayafterto-morrowtostart then.Good-bye,now.

AWordAbout PLAINSONG

By'E.J.CRAWFORD,O.P.

TheLiturgicalMovement,so eagerlyfosteredbyrecent Popes,hasalwayslaidgreat stressonthenecessityofmusic inkeepingwiththeceremonies oftheChurch.Itisnaturalthat wewouldexpecttofindinour churchesonlytheverybestin music.Inprincipleweadmit thatGodisworthyofthebest, inmusicasineverythingelse. But,alas,inpracticeitisa verydifferentmatter.Generally speaking,themusicweofferto Godisfarfrombeingevengood, nottospeakofitsbeingthe best.Wemaywellaskourselves whythisshouldbethecase.Is thereanygenuineexcusefor thisstateofaffairs?Arewe satisfiedtogivetoGodwhatwe wouldnotdaretooffertoanyoneelse?

Partofthetroubleseemsto bethatwehesitatetogiveup whatwehavebeenaccustomed t"coforsolong.Quiteapart fromthelaborinvolvedinany change,thereisanaturalattachmenttowhathasbeen"traditional"inaparticularplace orchurch.Wedonotseemto realisethatthefactthatapracticeistraditionaldoesnotnecessarilymakeitgood.Thereare goodandbadtraditions,and, eventhoughapracticehasexistedforahundredortwohuntiredyears,itmustbesuppressedifitisnotworthwhile.

PLAINSONGMUSTBEGIVEN AFAIRTRIAL.

Again,thePopes,inadvocatingplainsongasthemostsuitablemusicforperformancein church,havetouchedasore point.Forwemaybeaptto 'okuponsuchmusicassomethingbeyondourcapabilities. Wemayconfessattheoutset thatthereispossiblysomethinginit,butthatwecannot understandit,tryaswemay. Many,however,willtellyou plainlythatthereisnobeauty insuchwailing-forthatis whatitseemstothem.They havegrownsoaccustomedto measuredmusicthattheyare inclinedtothinkthatitisthe onlymusic,andthatplainsong isnotmusicatall.byany stretchoftheimagination.Yet, itis-ratherunreasonableof themtomakeapronouncement onthematterwithouthaving giventhemselvesachanceto formaproperjudgmentonthis vexedquestion.Itisnaturalthat plainsongmaysoundpeculiar,or evenpositivelydisagreeable,to thosewhoarenotaccustomedto it.Thethingtodoistogetaccustomedtdit.Ifyoumakethe efforttoperseverewithit,your patienceissuretoberewarded.Ofcourse,itsoundsstrange atthebeginning-howcouldit beotherwise?Thefactremains thatmanyhavegrowntolike plainsong,andthenumberofits enthusiastsisgrowingevery day.

ITWORKS.

saidtheApostleswereinspired, otherspretendedtheyweredrunk. TheApostleswenton,andso shouldthepastor.Veryoften peoplesaytheydonotlike somethingwhentheysimply meanthat,thethingbeingnew, itfeelsstrange,butsodoyour newshoes!Afterawhileyou getusedtothemandwouldfeel sorryifyouhadthrownthem away.Timeandhumannature a-illhelpthewillingpastor. Keepgoing.Prettysoonthe frettylast-in-and-first-outers,for whomMassisalwaystoolong, willnotewithpleasurethat Mass,withthenewchant,isso muchshorter.TheRosary-andKey-of-Heavendevoteeswillfind thatthenewchantisnotso noisy,notsodistracting,that youcanprayevenwhilethe choirsings,justaswellasduringaLowMass.Thelongsuffering,enlightenedworshippers,afterthetroublesomestrife betweenscreechingsopranosand bellowingtenors,finallyenjoy theblessingsofpeaceandare abletoconcentrateonwhatis goingonatthealtar.Every littlehelpsto'sell'Gregorian chanttotheparish.Itissurprisingtoseehowquicklyit becomespopular,intheright meaningoftheword. The 'soul,naturallyChristian,'seems torecogniseatoncetheage-old heirloomoftheChristianfamily."Idon'tsupposethatwe wouldallagreewithFather Winnen'spoorestimateofour choirs.Butitisafactthat themoreonehearsplainsong themoreonewantstohearit.

ITSUITSTHELITURGY.

Iwentoutoftherefeeling kindofsick,Idon'tmindtell ingyou.I'dneverbeenoutof ajobinmylife.AndItried tothinkofsomethingnuttyPete hadsaidandIcouldn't.

Rev,J.A.Winnenoffersthe followingdescriptionofhowa congregationmaybewonover notmerelytoendurebuteven topreferthetraditionalmusic oftheChurch.Headvisesthat abeginningshouldbemade withtheschoolchildren."Train carefullyyourlittlesingersfor theirdebutandwatchtheresult.Itwillbe-ifwemaylawfullysetlittlethingsalongside thegreat-likethefirstPentecostday.Theparishionerswill speakproandcon;somewill approve,andamongthemthe parents,friendsandrelativesof theyoungsters;otherswilldisapprove,andamongthemthe soloistsandstarsofthebig choir-theyfeelitcoming!On thebirthdayoftheChurchsome

TheGregorianchantisthe suprememodelofallsacred music.Itbreathesperfectlythe atmosphereofthesanctuary. PopePiusX,inhis"MotuProprio"onSacredMusic,laysdown thefollowingrule:Themore closelyacompositionforchurch approachesinitsmoverpent,inspiration,andsavourtheGragorianform,themoresacredand liturgicalitbecomes;andthe moreoutofharmonyitiswith thatsuprememodel,theless worthyitisofthetemple.He doesnotwishtoruleoutof courtallotherformsofChurch music.Buthedoesmaintain thattheGregorianchantisthe musicoftheChurchparexcellence,.Whileholdinginthevery highestregard,asdoestheHoly Father,theclassicpolyphony, especiallyoftheRomanSchool, whichreacheditshighestperfectioninthesixteenthcentury intheworksofGiovanniPierluigidaPalestrina,itcannotbe deniedthatmuchso-calledsacred musichasbeenwrittenwhichis utterlylackinginthosequalities ofwhichthePopespeaks.Many ofthegreatcomposers,itis true,havedevotedtheirlabours tothesettingofthetextofthe Liturgytomusic.Excellent thoughthismusicmaybe,consideredabsolutelyasmusic-it 'snotinkeepingwiththedignityofGod'sHouseandIts Ceremonial.Inmanyofthese compositionstherehasbeena tendencytodramatisetheMass andtofocusattentiononthe choir-loftandnotonthealtar.

No!TheSacredLiturgyloses noneofitssolemnitywhenitis accompaniedbynoothermusic thantheGregorianchant.For themusicplaysasubsidiary role-itissubservienttothe MysteryofFaithwhichisbeing enactedonthealtar.Itisthe Massthatmatters,andwhatevertendstodistractortoturn ourattentionfromIthasno placeintheChurch,Thatis whyplainsongissoeminently suitableforperformancein church.Ifyoudon'tlikeit.perseverewithituntilyoudo.But don'tcondemnitwithoutafair trial.

ofthehookis engraved.Oneachsideofthis pedestalstandsachemist,the oneontheleftstudyingabook andtheoneontherightapparentlymakingpills.OnthepedestalitselfisabeautifulrepresentationoftheMadonnaand Child,overwhomareinscribed thephrase"Subtuumpraesi dium."Thesearetheopening wordsofthefamiliarprayer: "Weflytothyprotection,0 HolyMotherofGod.Despisenot ourprayersinournecessities, butfromalldangersdeliverus, 0evergloriousandblessed Virgin."

thosewhoarecontinuallyavoidingissues-andfartoomany Catholicsdounfortunatelytend toavoidsuchissues.

Thisdodgingmayconstitute agravederelictionoftheduty ofdefendingtherightsandcompetenceoftheChurchtoexpoundthemorallawconcerning suchavitalprofessionaspharmacy.

'Ilmidityinfacingthedangers ofpharmacyisaserioussymptomforanotherreason.Everycertain virtues rform have atholic bustand owith liein Sacraionof ues to make toeterlisethe sreal aticof th. itisan inevery Catholic totheir /ybating the lithe 1,-,fession yState emists' Westisevibeing wbut motto,

t isthat pharolesalessary receive rinonly CathlySoremedy 'hreeircolkeeping ofour mselves rethis tothe dwheji

adehotics gout agreat

ES' March TBare hichis which vited. note: been kindly your will rkas 1Dept.

thereisnoremedyinthepharmacopoeia.Asanethicianor moraltheologiantheaverage priestisageneralpractitioner. ecannotknoweverything,althoughhehasstudiedtheprinciplesonwhichallmoraltheologyisbasedandisareliable guideinmostmoralproblems. Theproblemsincidentaltopharmacy,however,demandtheattentionofaspecialist.With thisfactinmindtheCatholic Chemists'GuildofNewSouth Walessometimeagodrewup alistofquestionswhichthey submittedtoaneminentEnglishauthorityonmoraltheology. Thesequestionswerenotonly answered,buttheethicalprinciplesonwhichtheanswerswere basedweregiveninclearand practicallynon-technicallanguage.TheGuildhaspublished theseprinciples,questionsand answersinbookletform.Itis entitled"MoralProblemsof CatholicChemists,"andisobtainablefromVerityPress,190A SussexStreet,SydneyTheCatholicchemistrealisesthatthere isnouseInplayingforsafety allthetime.Theproblemsof lifeinvariablycatchupwith

WhyCatholicsFightShy'' ofTharmac3(

AnHonourableProfessionSmeared With.Materialism

(Thefollowingarticlefromthepenofawell-known SouthAustralianwriterisbothsalutaryandtimely.It isapleaforgreaterCatholicinterestinPharmacyasa profession,whichisingravedangerofbeingdebasedbyunprincipledandmaterialisticcommercialism.Fr.O'Hannan, whoisattachedtotheDominicanPriory,NorthAdelaide,is theChaplainoftheS.A.CatholicPharmaceuticalGuild,and TheRecordgladlywelcomeshisviewsonthistopicalsubject. Editor.)

ByRev.K.O'Haannan,O.P.

YoungAustralianCatholicsin choosinganoccupationinlife areinclinedtoavoidpharmacy andaresometimesdissuaded fromadoptingtheprofession. Thereasonforthisisthewellknownfactthatmanypharmacists;sellcontraceptivesand someevenabortifacients.in spiteofthepropagandawhich describescontraceptionasa scientifictriumph,Catholics recogniseitforwhatitreally is-ameanstogratifylust whilstavoidingtheresponsibilitiesofchild-bearing.Sofar fromcontributingtothewelfare oftherace,asitsprotagonists proclaim,contraceptioncontributestoitsruin;first,bytamperingwithphysiologicallaws whicharebutimperfectly grasped;secondly,byplacing temptationinthewayofthe

young;andthirdly,byunderminingthemoralityofthewhole population.Notonlydocouples afraidofbecomingparentspractisecontraception,butsillyold womenwithskimpyintellects barnacledwithnotionsthought tobemodern,butasout-of-date asthearmamentsofCaesar,are knowntoteachittotheirown daughters.Thenetresultisthat ifapersonwhopractisescontraceptionseeswife,husband, sonordaughterenteringa chemist'sshop,suspicionof adulteryorfornification,asthe casemaybe,iswelljustified. Whatahopeforcivilisation whenamancannottrusthis ownwife,awifeherhusband, parentstheirchildren,andchildrennoteventheirparents!

Thepurveyorofcontraceptives isthusmakingmoneybyexploitinglustjustlikethecreaturewhoearnshislivingasbell-

hoporchucker-outinthepros- titutionracket.Thissortofpersonislookeduponwithcontemptbyeverybody-evenby himself-buttheCatholicrecognisesthatheisapersonof greaterdignitythantheprofessionalmanwhosellscontraceptives,fortheformer,atleast, doesnotcamouflagehistrade asscience.He,atleast,isnot ahypocrite.

SomeCatholicpharmacists therearewhohavefallenso farfromthepracticeoftheir faiththattheytradeincontraceptives.ThismakestheconscientiousCatholicchemistan objectofsuspicionandhisreputationisboundtosufferwith thegraduallossofprestigeby theprofession.Allthingsconsidered,then,itishardlytobe wonderedatthatCatholicskeep outoftheprofession.Thatthis iswiseisanotherquestionon whichmuchlightisthrownby somehistoricalconsiderations.

Firstofallitmustberememberedthatpharmacyisaspeciality.Itisthatbranchof sciencewhichapplieschemical discoverytothealleviationand cureofhumanandanimaldisease.Itisoneoftheoldest professions.butwhenwestern civilisationfellwiththeRoman Empire,knowledgeofpharmacywentthewayofmany otherbranchesofknowledge.It wasreservedtotheChurchto preservethem.

Intheforegoingsummaryno accounthasbeentakenofwitchcraftandcharlatanism.The subject,however,doesnotcall formorethanthestatement thatsuchdebasingofchemistry andpharmacywasobservedonly intimesandplacesinwhichthe influenceoftheChurchwasdisregarded.Enoughhasbeen stated,however,toshowthat throughoutthegreatcrisesof history,scienceanditsoffshoot, Pharmacy,werepreservedby theChurch,andinmorepropitioustimesdeveloped-that,as ahistoricalfact,Pharmacy owesitsexistencetotheChurch.

TheChurchisnotprimarily concernedwithPharmacy,or withscienceatall,butfromthe verynatureofitsteachingsand concernwithhumanwell-being inthislife,andeternalsalvationinthenext,itisinevitable thattheChurchshouldoccupy itselfwithscientificendeavour.

TakingallthisCatholicbackgroundintoconsideration,it seemsapityforCatholicsasa bodytofightshyofpharmacy asaprofession.Indoingso theyhaveallowedtheprofession practicallytofallintothehands ofpeoplewhosenaturalconscienceshavebeenobfuscatedby thecurrentmaterialism.Allthe morecreditisdue,then,tothe conscientiousCatholicchemist whoseattitudetotheprofession withitspresent-daydisadvantagesmostnowbeconsidered.

thosewhoarecontinuallyavoidingissues-andfartoomany Catholicsdounfortunatelytend toavoidsuchissues. Thisdodgingmayconstitute agravederelictionoftheduty ofdefendingtherightsandcompetenceoftheChurchtoex poundthemorallawconcerning suchavitalprofessionaspharmacy. timidityinfacingthedangers ofpharmacyisaserioussymptomforanotherreason.Everybodyhasbeengivencertain powersbyGod,calledvirtues bywhichheisabletoperform gooddeeds.Thesepowershave beenusedbymanynon-Catholic pharmaciststokeeptheirbusiseasclean,asGodintended,and whowillhavenothingtodowith contraceptives.TheCatholicin additionhasaccesstotheSacraments,which,bytheinfusionof Grace,elevatethesevirtuesto thesupernaturalplaneandmake theirpracticeconducivetoeternalsalvation.NottorealisethaGraceisarealthing-asreal aselectricity-issymptomaticof aweakeningoftheFaith.

CHEERUP!ThiscouldbeaVERY IMPORTANTweekforyou. You couldbuythewinningticketinthe NO.357CHARITIESCONSULTATION

WHITEBUCK 'IRIMMEDWITHNAVY

Style-RightforEasterOccasions

Howfortunatethatwesecured thesecool-lookingWhiteBuckskinCourtsintimeforyour Eastervacation.Yourfavourite peep-toestylessmartlyaccorded withNavyToecapsandfull-spike heels.Allsizes.

PERPAIR25/11

Modernresearchhasunearthed manyhealthprescriptionstraceabletothemonks.Itistrue thatsomeofthesemixtures wereverycomplex,butsoare naturalcompounds.Todispense suchprescriptions,then,required considerableskill.Someofthe ingredientsmayseemfantastic tosuperficialreaders,butmedicalexpertshavelearnedtotreat theseprescriptionswithrespect isthelightofrecentdiscoveries ofmethodsofadministeringvitaminsmedicinallybyextractsof liverormaltandfish-oils.

Eachgreatabbeyorreligious househaditsown"apotheke" ordepartmentforthemanufactureofmedicines.Oneofthe mostcelebratedwasthatofthe CapuchinFathersinParis,which wasinfullvigouruntilsuppressedbytheRevolution.

TheCatholicspiritinpharmacyisexpressedgraphicallyin theoldestpharmacopoeiainexistence,the"RicettarioFlorentino,"firstpublishedin1498. Onthetitlepageoftheedition of1597isabeautifulengraving ofaclassicalarchitecturalstructureonthesummitofwhichisa flaming'urn,theflamessymbolisingscienceandcharity.Recliningoneithersideoftheurn aretwocherubsholdinganassortmentofstillsandotherscientificapparatus.Bunchesand garlandsofmedicinalplants hangfromandfestoonthecornice.Atthebaseofthestructurearethreeothercherubssurroundedbymortars,pestlesand otherparaphernaliaandoneof thecherubsisdepictedinthe actofdistillingoverafurnace.

Inthecentreofthislowerdesignisthecoat-of-armsofthe Medicifamily,ciz.,sixpills, theuppermostblazonedwiththe fleur-de-lysofFrance.Above thecoat-of-armsisapedestalon whichthetitleofthebookis engraved.Oneachsideofthis pedestalstandsachemist,the oneontheleftstudyingabook andtheoneontherightapparentlymakingpills.OnthepedestalitselfisabeautifulrepresentationoftheMadonnaand Child,overwhomareinscribed thephrase"Subtuumpraesi dium."Thesearetheopening wordsofthefamiliarprayer: "Weflytothyprotection,0 HolyMotherofGod.Despisenot ourprayersinournecessities, butfromalldangersdeliverus, 0evergloriousandblessed Virgin."

TheCatholicchemistrealises thathehasbeenendowedby Godwithtalentsforpharmacy andthatitisaveryserious thingifthesetalentsareallowedtogotowaste.Asan aspiranttotheprofession,he realisesthathemaybecalled upontosellcontraceptivesand thatinsodoingheisco-operatinginadeedwhichisessentiallyevil.Now,anybodywhotakes partinthemanufacture,distributionorsaleofcontraceptives isaco-operatorinevil.There canbenodoubtabouttheguilt ofthemanufacturerandtheretailer,butinbetweenthereare anumberofpersonswhocooperateinonewayoranother ir.theultimateact-thevan driverwhodeliverstheparcel totheretailer,theclerkwho makesouttheinvoiceandthe verypolicemanwhodirectsthe vanthroughthetraffic.From thisexampleitshouldbeevidentthatthereareanumberof factorstobetakenintoaccount inassessingtheguiltofany particularindividualconcerned. Theprincipalfactorwhichmust beconsideredisthatofcompulsionorforce,whichmaybe sograveorofsuchakindas toreducetheactionofagiven employeetowhattheologians callmerely"material,"asdistinctfrom"formal"co-operation. (Formalisatechnicalterm meaning"essentialornecessary.")Examinationofeachcase byanexpertinmoralproblems isnecessarytoassessthemeasureoftheforceexercisedtodeterminethenatureofeachperson'sco-operationbeforejudgmentcanbepassedonhisguilt, ifanyTheconscientiousCatholicpharmacist,realisingall this,resolvestoleavethedecisionofparticularproblemsto hisspiritualdirector.

Thisisawiseattitudeof mind,butithasgivenmanya priestaheadacheforwhich thereisnoremedyinthepharmacopoeia.Asanethicianor moraltheologiantheaverage priestisageneralpractitioner. ecannotknoweverything,althoughhehasstudiedtheprinciplesonwhichallmoraltheologyisbasedandisareliable guideinmostmoralproblems. Theproblemsincidentaltopharmacy,however,demandtheattentionofaspecialist.With thisfactinmindtheCatholic Chemists'GuildofNewSouth Walessometimeagodrewup alistofquestionswhichthey submittedtoaneminentEnglishauthorityonmoraltheology. Thesequestionswerenotonly answered,buttheethicalprinciplesonwhichtheanswerswere basedweregiveninclearand practicallynon-technicallanguage.TheGuildhaspublished theseprinciples,questionsand answersinbookletform.Itis entitled"MoralProblemsof CatholicChemists,"andisobtainablefromVerityPress,190A. SussexStreet,SydneyTheCatholicchemistrealisesthatthere isnouseinplayingforsafety allthetime.Theproblemsof lifeinvariablycatchupwith

Ontheotherhand,itisan encouragingsignthatinevery StateofAustraliaCatholic chemistsarewakinguptotheir responsibilitiesandestabl'shing Guildsinordertostillythe moralnrinciplesonwl'ichthe practiceiftheirprofession shouldbebasedTheonlyState withoutitsCatholicChemists' GuildatthemomentisWesternAustralia,butthereisevi dentethatoneisalreadybeing contemplatedthere."Slowbut possible,"seemstobethemotto there.Onehasheardworse.

Onefinalconsiderationisthat unworthypractitionersofpharmacy-manufacturers,wholesalersandretailersofnecessary drugsandmedicaments-receive asubstantialpartoftheirincomesfromCatholics,notonly fromindividuals,butfromCatholicHospitalsandFriendlySocieties.Catholicscannotremedy thisstateofaffairs,whichreflectslittlecreditontheircollectiveintelligence,bykeeping outofpharmacy.Moreofour youthshouldinterestthemselves anddotheirparttorestorethis necessaryprofessiontothe statusanddignityitheldwhIn itwasCatholic.

PharmacyisessentiallyadecentprofessionandforCatholics tomakeapolicyofkeepingout ofitis,tosaytheleast,agreat mistake.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

OnTuesdayevening,March

25th,at8o'clock,membersare remindedofthelecturewhichis thentotakeplace,towhich theirfriendsarealsoinvited.

Countrymemberspleasenote: Thoseofyouwhohavebeen transferredthisyeararekindly askedtonotifyusofyour changeofaddress.Thiswill greatlysimplifyourworkas wellassavingthePostalDept. alittleextrawork.

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By"THEHAWK"

W.A.T.C.SELECTIONS

ORIONHCP.:MissCarrion1, Wanetsie2,West.Silver

andremedyagainst istorememberalWeareonlypilgrims h,thatwehavenot nghabitation,that venisourreal tweshallsoonhave world,thataswe ingintoitweshall agoutofit.How tobesosolicitous ingwealthwhichwe toleavebehind!Let wordsofSt.Paul: ood,andwherewithto withtheseweare 1Tim.6:8),andthe *st:"SeekyetherethekingdomofGod ice,andallthese beaddeduntoyou" gisthethirdremedy usness.Nothingwill usness.Nothingwill ofhisundueattoearthlygoodsasthe andthegeneroussup everygodcause.The almshasalwaysbeen partofreligion.Inisnotsomuchamat. iceasastrictduty, ulfilmentofwhichour willdepend.Onhe 'etwillsaytothem beonHisrighthand: blessedofMyFather, thekingdompreyoufromthefoundsworld.ForIwas yougaveMetoeat; y,andyougaveMe wasastranger,and ein;naked,andyou ;sick,andyouvisited inprison,andyou e"(Matt.25:24:36).

rtysays U"

tyofAustralia Riches,members fatedassistance ngratulatethem

Australia. 'sTerrace.Perth.

Covetousnessisaninordinate desireof,andlovefor,earthly goods.Itmattersnotwhether wealreadypossessthemorwish toacquirethem.aslongaswe desirethemandlovethemexcessivelyandinordinately.

Covetousnessisofthreekinds. Onekindispeculiartothose wholoveexcessivelyandinordinatelythegoodswhichthey haveacquiredtyjustandhonest means.Theyaresomuchattachedtothemthattheycannotget themselvestopartwiththem, evenwhenitisabsolutelynecessary.Theyfailtorememberthat theyarenottheabsoluteowners ofthem.Theyweregivento thembyGod,asitwereintrust, fortheirownuseandthatof theirfellowmanwhomayhappentobeinneed,aswellasfor thesupportofeverygoodcause. "Notonlythosewhotakewhat belongstoothersarecovetous," saysSt.Augustine,"butalso thosewhoundulyclingtowhat istheirown."

Thesecondkindofcovetousnessischaracteristicofthose who,withoutusingunjustand dishonestmeans,areover-anxious toacquireearthlygoods.Sointentaretheyontheirquest thattheydenythemselvesthe verynecessariesandcomfortsof life,deprivethemselvesofreasonableandnecessarypleasures andamusements,andevenneglecttheirspiritualandeternal welfare.TheLord'sDay,God's honourandglory,theeternal happinessoftheirimmortal sculs,meannothingtothem. Theyhaveonlyonethingin mind,onethingatheart,toac-

ARefresherCourse

quireearthlygoods.Inthese thingstheyplacetheirtrustand theirhappiness.Toobtainthem theywillsacrificeeverything lothnereandhereafter.Tothese personsChristsays:"Woetoyou thatarerich:foryouhaveyour consolation."(Luke6:24).

Thethirdkindofcovetousness isthecovetousnessofthosewho aresointentuponacquiring earthlye'oods theexpenseofjustice.Needless tosay,thisistheworstkindof covetousness.Formenofthis classrespectnolaw;theyhave noregardfortherightsof others;theystealandrob;th aredeterminedtoincreasetheir possessionsbyeverymeans,fair orfoul.Withreason,then,St. Paulsaysthat"Theythatwill becomerich,fallintotemptation, andintothesnareofthedevil, andintomanyunprofitableand hurtfuldesires,whichdrownmen intodestructionandperdition." (1Tim.6:9).Thecovetousmust beremindedofChrist'swords contrastingtherichandthe poor."Itiseasier,"Hesays, "foracameltopassthrough theeyeofaneedlethanfora richmantoenterintothekingdomofheaven"(Matt.19:24).

"Blessedarethepoorinspirit: fortheirsisthekingdomof heaven"(Matt.5:3).

Havingseenthenatureand kindsofcovetousness,weshall brieflyconsiderafewofitsaccompanyingvices.Thefirstof theseisthehardnessofheart ofthecovetous,whoarecruel andharshtowardtheirneighbour, especiallytowardsthepoorand theneedy.Anotheristheexcessivesolicitudeforthematerial andtemporalgoodsofthislife totheneglectofthespiritual

andeternalgoodsofthelifeto come.Otherviceswhichoften accompanycovetousnessareviolence,fraudanddeceit,lying andperjury,whentheyare usedto goods.obtainourneighbour's Treason,too,isfound amongthem-theworstinstance ofwhichonrecordisthebetrayalofJesusbyJudasfor thirtypiecesofsilver(Matt. 26:25).

11. Themaliceofcovetousness showsitselfinthetwochief effectsofthevice.Covetousness reducesmantoastateofslavery andrendershimguiltyofa speciesofidolatry.Inthefirst place,covetousnessreducesman toastateofslavery.Thereis nothingsopreciousandsodear tomanashisliberty.Hedeems itmorevaluablethanlifeitself, forhewillgivehislifetopre- servehislibertyortoregainit whenlost."Givemelibertyor givemedeath!"isthesaying attributedtogreatAmerican patriot(PatrickHenry).

Howsad,then,thatmanshould forfeitthispreciousgiftoflibertybybecomingaslavetothe passionofcovetousness!Toprotectusfromsuchacalamitycur divineRedeemerremindsus thattheslaveryofcovetousness cannotbereconciledwiththe freedomofthechildrenofGod. Hesaysthatwecannotserve Godandriches."Nomancan servetwomasters. You cannotserveGodandmammon" (Matt.6:24).

Inthesecondplace,covetousnessrendersmanguiltyofa speciesofidolatry.Andaccord. ingtotheteachingofHoly ScripturesandtheFathers,idolatryisoneofthemostdetestableofsins,forthereisnothing moreinjurioustotheonetrue Godthantohavestrangegods beforeHim!St.Paulassuresus thatcovetousnessisaservingof idolsandthatitwillbepunished withthelossofheaven:"For knowyouthisandunderstand," hesays,"thatnofornicator,or unclean,orcovetousperson, whichisaservingofidols,hath inheritanceinthekingdomof ChristandofGod"(Eph.5:5).

AndChristsays:"Wherethy treasureis,thereisthyheart also"(Matt6:21).

Inviewofthemaliciouseffectsofcovetousness,then,one wouldthinkthatthissinshould beveryrare,especiallyamong Christians.Thereisnothing thatmanlovessomuchasliberty andnothingtowhichtheChristianissomuchattachedashis faith,theverythingsofwhich thisvicerobshim.Yetthereis nosinsocommonascovetousness.Thisisthetestimonyof HolyWrit:"Fromtheleastof themeventothegreatest,all aregiventocovetousness"(Jer. 6:13).

Theinclinationtoacquireand holdpossessionsisbornwith usandgrowswiththeyears

Itispartofourverynature andoneofourstrongesttendencies.Itisnowonder,therefore, thatthesinofcovetousnessis socommontoyoungandold,big andsmall,richandpoor,men andwomen.Acertainpious writerquotesaholymanassayingthatforeverytenlost throughlust,ahundredarelost throughcovetousness.Thisstatementwillappearlessincredible whenweponderthewordsof HolScriptures:"Thedesireof moneyistherootofallevils" (1Tim.6:10)."Fromtheleast eventothegreatestallfollow covetoueness"(Jer.8:10).

Tobefurtherconvincedof thistruthwehavetoconsider covetousnessnotonlyinitself butalsointhemanyothersins whichitcauses.Howmanylies aretoldbythemerchantinhis effortstopromotehissalesand increasehisprofits!Howmany murdersarecommittedforthe loveofearthlygoodsandmoney! Notlust,butcovetousness,is thecauseofsomanyunfortunate humanbeingslivinglivesofprostitution.Thesamemaybesaid

ofnotafewunfaithfulwives. Forgain,untoldnumbersof personsareguiltyofperjuryin ourcourtsofjustice!Wemay conclude,therefore,thatnearly allsinswouldceasewerecovetousnesstodisapearfromthe earth.Howtrue,then,arethe wordsofHolyWrit:"Nothingis snorewickedthanthecovetous man!"(Eccus.10:19).

III. Shouldwebesounfortunate astobeinfectedbythisterrible malady,letustakecaretoapply thenecessaryremedies.Forcovetousnessistrulyamaladyof thesoul,consistingofanexcessiveand earthlyinordinateappetitefor goods.Thefirstremedy isthatsuggestedbyourdivine Redeemer:"Takeheedandbewareofallcovetousness"(Luke 12:15).

Wemustbethoroughlyconvincedthatearthlygoodsareof norealvaluetousforthelife tocome,butofgreatdetriment ifwefailtomakeagooduse ofthem.Yet,inthepresentlife, howmuchlabourisundergone toacquirethemandhowmany fearsandanxietiesthereareto preservethem!Letusbeware, then,ofallcovetousness,notonly thatbywhichwedonowrong toanyoneexceptourselves,but especiallythatwhichviolates justiceandtherightsofothers. ItisbettertopossesslittlehonestlyandinthegraceofGod, thanmuchdishonestlyandinsin. Forpossessionsacquireddis honestlyonlyservetoincrease ourlongingformorewithout satisfyingourdesires."Better isalittletothejust,thanthe greatrichesofthewicked"(Ps. 36:16)."Betterisalittlewith thefearoftheLord,thangreat

treasurewithoutcontent"(Prov. 15:16).

Thesecondremedyagainst covetousnessistorememberalwaysthatweareonlypilgrims hereonearth,thatwehavenot herealastinghabitation,that thatheavenisourreal home,thatweshallsoonhave toleavethisworld,thataswe broughtnothingintoitweshall takenothingoutofit.How foolish,then,tobesosolicitous aboutamassingwealthwhichwe shallhavetoleavebehind!Let usheedthewordsofSt.Paul: "Havingfood,andwherewithto becovered,withtheseweare content"(1Tim.6:8),andthe wordsofChrist:"SeekyethereforefirstthekingdomofGod andHisjustice,andallthese thingsshallbeaddeduntoyou" (Matt.6:33).

Almsgivingisthethirdremedyainstcovetousness.Nothingwill againstcovetousness.Nothingwill socur%manofhisundueattachmenttoearthlygoodsasthe theneedyandthegeneroussup- portingofeverygodcause.The givingofalmshasalwaysbeen anessentialpartofreligion.Indeed,thisisnotsomuchamatterofchoiceasastrictduty, uponthefulfilmentofwhichour salvationwilldepend.Onhe lastdayChristwillsaytothem thatshallbeonHisrighthand: "Come,yeblessedofMyFather, possessyouthekingdompre- paredforyoufromthefoundationoftheworld.ForIwag hungry,andyougaveMetoeat; Iwasthirsty,andyougaveMe todrink;Iwasastranger,and youtookMein;naked,andyou coveredMe;sick,andyouvisited Me;Iwasinprison,andyou cametoMe"(Matt.25:24:36).

TheLiberalPartysays "THANKYOU"

TheW.A.divisionoftheLiberalPartyofAustralia wishestoexpressitsthankstoallbranches,members andsupportersfortheirgreatlyappreciatedassistance duringtheStateElections,andtocongratulatethem ontheirefforts.

C.PALMER, GeneralSecretary,W.A.DivisionoftheLiberal PartyofAustralia, 115St.George'sTerrace,Perth.

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S.DANNELL,F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A. OPTOMETRIST. Tel.B2014 16PLAZAARCADE.PERTH.

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ADVANCEFREMANTLEASSOCIATION

Monday,May

Covetousnessisaninordinate desireof,andlovefor,earthly goods.Itmattersnotwhether wealreadypossessthemorwish toacquirethem,aslongaswe desirethemandlovethemexcessivelyandinordinately.

Covetousnessisofthreekinds. Onekindispeculiartothose wholoveexcessivelyandinordinatelythegoodswhichthey haveacquiredfiyjustandhonest means.Theyaresomuchattachedtothemthattheycannotget themselvestopartwiththem, evenwhenitisabsolutelynecessary.Theyfailtorememberthat theyarenottheabsoluteowners ofthem.Theyweregivento thembyGod,asitwereintrust, fortheirownuseandthatof theirfellowmanwhomayhappentobeinneed,aswellasfor thesupportofeverygoodcause. "Notonlythosewhotakewhat belongstoothersarecovetous," saysSt.Augustine,"butalso thosewhoundulyclingtowhat istheirown."

Thesecondkindofcovetousnessischaracteristicofthose who,withoutusingunjustand dishonestmeans,areover-anxious toacquireearthlygoods.Sointentaretheyontheirquest thattheydenythemselvesthe verynecessariesandcomfortsof life,deprivethemselvesofreasonableandnecessarypleasures andamusements,andevenneglecttheirspiritualandeternal welfare.TheLord'sDay,God's honourandglory,theeternal happinessoftheirimmortal sculs,meannothingtothem. Theyhaveonlyonethingin mind,onethingatheart,toac-

ARefresherCourseintheCatechism

quireearthlygoods.Inthese thingstheyplacetheirtrustand theirhappiness.Toobtainthem theywillsacrificeeverything othnereandhereafter.Tothese personsChristsays:"Woetoyou thatarerich:foryouhaveyour consolation."(Luke6:24).

Thethirdkindofcovetousness isthecovetousnessofthosewho aresointentuponacquiring earthlymoods theexpenseofjustice.Needless tosay,thisistheworstkindof covetousness.Formenofthis classrespectnolaw;theyhave noregardfortherightsof others;theystealandrob;th aredeterminedtoincreasetheir possessionsbyeverymeans,fair orfoul.Withreason,then,St. Paulsaysthat"Theythatwill becomerich,fallintotemptation, andintothesnareofthedevil, andintomanyunprofitableand hurtfuldesires,whichdrownmen intodestructionandperdition."

(1Tim.6:9).Thecovetousmust beremindedofChrist'swords contrastingtherichandthe poor."Itiseasier,"Hesays, "foracameltopassthrough theeyeofaneedlethanfora richmantoenterintothekingdomofheaven"(Matt.19:24). "Blessedarethepoorinspirit: fortheirsisthekingdomof heaven"(Matt.5:3).

Havingseenthenatureand kindsofcovetousness,weshall brieflyconsiderafewofitsaccompanyingvices.Thefirstof theseisthehardnessofheart ofthecovetous,whoarecruel andharshtowardtheirneighbour, especiallytowardsthepoorand theneedy.Anotheristheexcessivesolicitudeforthematerial andtemporalgoodsofthislife totheneglectofthespiritual

andeternalgoodsofthelifeto come.Otherviceswhichoften accompanycovetousnessareviolence,fraudanddeceit,lying andperjury,whentheyare usedtoobtainourneighbour's goods.Treason,too,isfound amongthem-theworstinstance ofwhichonrecordisthebetrayalofJesusbyJudasfor thirtypiecesofsilver(Matt. 26:25).

Themaliceofcovetousness showsitselfinthetwochief effectsofthevice.Covetousness reducesmantoastateofslavery andrendershimguiltyofa speciesofidolatry.Inthefirst place,covetousnessreducesman tx.astateofslavery.Thereis nothingsopreciousandsodear tomanashisliberty.Hedeems itmorevaluablethanlifeitself, forhewillgivehislifetopreservehislibertyortoregainit whenlost."Givemelibertyor givemedeath!"isthesaying attributedtogreatAmerican patriot(PatrickHenry).

Howsad,then,thatmanshould forfeitthispreciousgiftoflibertybybecomingaslavetothe passionofcovetousness!Toprotectusfromsuchacalamityour divineRedeemerremindsus thattheslaveryofcovetousness cannotbereconciledwiththe freedomofthechildrenofGod. Hesaysthatwecannotserve Godandriches."Nomancan :servetwomasters. You cannotserveGodandmammon" (Matt. 6:24).

Inthesecondplace,covetous. nessrendersmanguiltyofa speciesofidolatry.AndaccordingtotheteachingofHoly ScripturesandtheFathers,idolatryisoneofthemostdetestableofsins,forthereisnothing moreinjurioustotheonetrue Godthantohavestrangegods beforeHim!St.Paulassuresus thatcovetousnessisaservingof idolsandthatitwillbepunished withthelossofheaven:"For knowyouthisandunderstand," hesays,"thatnofornicator,or unclean,orcovetousperson, whichisaservingofidols,hath inheritanceinthekingdomof ChristandofGod"(Eph.5:5).

AndChristsays:"Wherethy treasure is, thereisthyheart also"(Matt 6:21).

Inviewofthemaliciouseffectsofcovetousness,then,one wouldthinkthatthissinshould beveryrare,especiallyamong Christians.Thereisnothing thatmanlovessomuchasliberty andnothingtowhichtheChristianissomuchattachedashis faith,theverythingsofwhich thisvicerobshim.Yetthereis nosinsocommonascovetousness.Thisisthetestimonyof HolyWrit:"Fromtheleastof themeventothegreatest,all aregiventocovetousness"(Jer. 6:13).

Theinclinationtoacquireand holdpossessions is bornwith usandgrowswiththeyears Itispartofourverynature andoneofourstrongesttendencies.Itisnowonder,therefore, thatthesinofcovetousnessis socommontoyoungandold,big andsmall,richandpoor,men andwomen.Acertainpious writerquotesaholymanassayingthatforeverytenlost throughlust,ahundredarelost throughcovetousness.Thisstatementwillappearlessincredible whenweponderthewordsof HolScriptures:"Thedesireof moneyistherootofallevils" (1Tim.6:10)."Fronttheleast eventothegreatestallfollow covetoueness"(Jer.8:10).

Tobefurtherconvincedof thistruthwehavetoconsider covetousnessnotonlyinitself butalsointhemanyothersins whichitcauses.Howmanylies aretoldbythemerchantinhis effortstopromotehissalesand increasehisprofits!Howmany murdersarecommittedforthe loveofearthlygoodsandmoney! Notlust,butcovetousness,is thecauseofsomanyunfortunate humanbeingslivinglivesofprostitution.Thesamemaybesaid

ofnotafewunfaithfulwives. Forgain,untoldnumbersof personsareguiltyofperjuryin ourcourtsofjustice!Wemay conclude,therefore,thatnearly allsinswouldceasewerecovetousnesstodisapearfromthe earth.Howtrue,then,arethe wordsofHolyWrit:"Nothingis morewickedthanthecovetous man!"(Eccus.10:19).

III. Shouldwebesounfortunate astobeinfectedbythisterrible malady,letustakecaretoapply thenecessaryremedies.Forcovetousnessistrulyamaladyof thesoul,consistingofanexcessiveandinordinateappetitefor earthlygoods.Thefirstremedy isthatsuggestedbyourdivine Redeemer:"Takeheedandbewareofallcovetousness"(Luke 12:15).

Wemustbethoroughlyconvincedthatearthlygoodsareof norealvaluetousforthelife tocome,butofgreatdetriment ifwefailtomakeagooduse ofthem.Yet,inthepresentlife, howmuchlabourisundergone toacquirethemandhowmany fearsandanxietiesthereareto preservethem!Letusbeware, then,ofallcovetousness,notonly thatbywhichwedonowrong toanyoneexceptourselves,but especiallythatwhichviolates justiceandtherightsofothers. ItisbettertopossesslittlehonestlyandinthegraceofGod, thanmuchdishonestlyandinsin. Forpossessionsacquireddiehonestlyonlyservetoincrease ourlongingformorewithout satisfyingourdesires."Better isalittletothejust,thanthe greatrichesofthewicked"(Ps. 36:16). "Betterisalittlewith thefearoftheLord,thangreat

treasurewithoutcontent"(Prov. 15:16).

Thesecondremedyagainst covetousnessistorememberalwaysthatweareonlypilgrims hereonearth,thatwehavenot herealastinghabitation,that thatheavenisourreal home,thatweshallsoonhave toleavethisworld,thataswe broughtnothingintoitweshall takenothingoutofit.How foolish,then,tobesosolicitous aboutamassingwealthwhichwe shallhavetoleavebehind!Let usheedthewordsofSt.Paul: "Havingfood,andwherewithto becovered,withtheseweare content"(1Tim.6:8),andthe wordsofChrist:"SeekyethereforefirstthekingdomofGod andHisjustice,andallthese thingsshallbeaddeduntoyou" (Matt. 6:33).

Almsgivingisthethirdremedy ainstcovetousness.Nothingwill againstcovetousness.Nothingwill socuremanofhisundueattachmenttoearthlygoodsasthe theneedyandthegeneroussup- portingofeverygodcause.The givingofalmshasalwaysbeen anessentialpartofreligion.Indeed,thisisnotsomuchamatterofchoiceasastrictduty, uponthefulfilmentofwhichour salvationwilldepend.Onhe lastdayChristwillsaytothem thatshallbeonHisrighthand: "Come,yeblessedofMyFather, possessyouthekingdompre. paredforyoufromthefoundationoftheworld.ForIwas hungry,andyougaveMetoeat; Iwasthirsty,andyougaveMe todrink;Iwasastranger,and youtookMein;naked,andyou coveredMe;sick,andyouvisited Me;Iwasinprison,andyou cametoMe"(Matt. 25:24:36).

TheLiberalPartysays "THANKYOU"

The\\divisionoftheLiberalPartyofAustralia wishestoexpressitsthankstoallbranches,members andsupportersfortheirgreatlyappreciatedassistance duringtheStateElections,andtocongratulatethem ontheirefforts.

C.PALMER, GeneralSecretary,W.A.DivisionoftheLiberal PartyofAustralia. 115St.George'sTerrace.Perth.

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

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Justthentheboatstrucka stump,whichshookitfromstem tostern.

"There,"hecontinued,"that's oneofthemnow.

* *

"Ihaven'tseenyouatchurch, lately,William,"saidthevicar. "What'sthematter?"

"Mydaughter'slearningto playtheharp,"repliedWilliam. "Butwhat'sthatgottodo withit?"

"Well,I'mnotsokeennowon goingtoHeavenasIwas!"

Therehadbeenastreetscuffle, butSmithsneakedoff.Next dayhewascalledtoaccount.

Jones:"Youcoward-couldn't youstickitforfiveminutes?"

Smith:"Well,betteracoward forfiveminutesthanacorpse forlife."

*

Sandysteppedoutofthetaxi andtenderedthedrivertheexact fare,plustwohalf-pennies.The drivergazedatthetwohalfpenniesandsaidsarcastically: "You'vegivenmeapennytoo much."

"That'sa'right,"answered Sandy."It'sforyoursel',ye ken."

"Nahthen,"retortedthedriver,"don'ttemptme.Igave upeatingsweetsnighforty yearsago."

DonaldandMarydecidedto adoptachild,andaskedatthe orphanarreforalittlegirl.One wasproduced,andMarywas abouttoclosethebargainwhen Donaldtappedhershoulder.

"Mary,"hewhispered,"let's haveaboy.Haeyeforgotten thelad'scapwefoundinthe train?"

"Thomas,"saidthewifetoher husband,"howdoyoulikemy newhat?"

"Well,mydear,"saidThomas, "totellyouthetruth-"

"Stoprightthere,Thomas," saidshe"Ifyou'regoingto talkthatwayaboutit,Idon't wanttoknow."

Thetouristwasbeingshown thefamousoldcaves.

"Yes,sir,"saidtheguide,with anairofmystery."Icouldtell youstoriesabouttheseoldcaves thatwouldraisetheveryhair onyourhead."

Thetouristlaughed.

"Idon'tbelieveit,"hesaid.

Theguidelookedatriflecrestfallen.

"Thenperhapsyouarevery brave?"hesuggested.

"Notatall,"repliedthetourist."ButI'mverybald."

"Everyarticlethatleavesour factoryistestedfirst.Nowadaysnobodywouldbuygoods thatwerenotfirsttested."

"Webuyallourstuffwithout testing."

"Whatdoyoudealin?"

"Dynamite." * *

Sergeant(torecruit):"Are youoneofthemspiritualistic mediums?"

Recruit:"No.Sergeant."

Sergeant:"Ho!Thenwhydo youfallintoatranceeverytime Igiveyouanorder?"

Manage*Whywasthelady annoyed?

HotelPorter:Imadeamistakeandlabelledherjewelcase "Glass,withcare."

"Imustgoforanhour'swalk -myappetiteforlunchisvery poor-itisawful."

"Ishouldnotcallthatawful -myappetiteistoobigformy lunch."

* * * *

Asmallcarcollidedwithabig saloon.

Thechauffeurofthelatter jumpedoutandsurveyedwith indignationaverybaddentin thesideoftheelaboratecoach workofthelargercar.

"Didyoudothat?"heasked theotherdriver.

"Yes,I'mafraidso,"wasthe Lpologeticreply.

Therewasadeepsilence,duringwhichthechauffeurlooked firstathisdamagedcarand thenattheoffending"baby."

"Well,"hesaidatlength,"I justdon'tbelieveit.Itmust havehitabrick." * *

Man:Ithinkallmarriedmen aresillyasses.

Lady:Andyoare.tilla bachelor?

Anexcursiontrainhad stoppedunexpectedlyatacountrystation,andtheguardnoticedbluesmokepouringfrom thewindowofacarriagelabelled "NoSmoking."Heopenedthe doorand,aftersurveyingsix guilty-lookingholiday-makers, remurked:"Gentlemen,there aretworulesonthislinewhich arerepeatedlybroken.First. smokingisforbiddenincarriagesnotsetasideforthepurpose.Also,thecompany'sservantsmaynotacceptgratuities. Youhavealreadybrokenoneof theserules." * * * *

Themalehalfofanewdance teamwaspleadingwithanroducer.

"Younever.sawanything so sensational,"thedinic.rraved.

"AtthefinishofouractItake mypartnerbythehairand whirlherroundfornxactly.10 spins,ThenIwindupthewhole thingbyheavingherthreugh anopenwindow.'

Theproducerhale1.

"Heavehert.hrousaanopen window?"hettoneatedincredulously."Doyoudotha'atevery performance?"

Theyoungmntishrugged.

"Nobody'sperfaA,"headmitted."SometimesIr'iss!" * *

Forthreeyearshehadcalled everyeveningandsatwithher inthedrawing-room,usingher father'selectriclight.

"Answerme,Mabel,"hecried.

"Answerme!Icanbearthissuspensenolonger."

"Answerhim,"cameavoice fromtheothersideofthedoer. Answerhim.Ican'tbearthis expensenolonger."

* * *

Theoldestinhabitantinthe villagehadjustdied,andSam passedonthena.vstohaspal Joe. "Ebenezerdead?"exclaimed Joe."Howdidhedie?"

"Passedawayishis-leep," answeredSam.

"Oh!"retortedIR,"thenhe don'tknownothingt.noutit yet?"

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* * Prisoner:Iconfessthatina momentofweaknessItookthe piano.

Judge:Goodheavens!What wouldyouhavetakenifyouhad feltstrong?

* * * *

Thecountrymanvisitingthe Metropoliswasmetbyasuspicious-lookingindividual,who wasmosteagertoconverse.

k"ik.P. nherelong,dad?"he ased

"Justcome,"cametheresponse.

"Afraidofbeinglosthere,I suppose?"continuedthewily one.

"Aye,"repliedtheoldman, cutely."AndIsupposetheebe afraido'beingfound?"

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage3.) sumption,andbythatwemean thatherbody,whichremained incorruptafterdeath,wastaken intoHeavenandthatnowshe isinHeavenwithbothbody andsoul.Itishardlyaccurate tospeakofherbeingraised fromthetomband,ofcourse,in hercasethereisnothingcorrespondingtothetimewhich ChristspentonearthafterHis Resurrection.

Youaskwhatauthoritythe Churchhasforthe"claim,"as youcallit.Tobeginwith,the tactthatMary'sAssumptionis notrecordedinScripture.It mightbearguedthatwecan deduceitfromwhatiscalled oftentheProto-Gospelinthe beginningoftheBookofGenesis, wheretheredemptionofmankind isforetold.Thereitisstated thatdeathandcorruptionisthe penaltyofsin,butMaryissinless.Idonotintendtoevolve thatargument.Furthermore, Catholicsagreeprettygenerally thatthehistoricaldatadonot giveaconvincingproof.There are,nevertheless,somesignificantfactsinthiscontext,such, forexample,astheabsenceof anyhintthatthereeverwere anyrelicsofthebodyofOur Lady,thefactthatnocityclaims tohavethetombofOurLady. Tofullyappreciatetheforceof thisproof,youwouldneedt. knowsomethingofChristian Archeology.

UNIVERSALBELIEFOF THECHURCH

Soultimatelytherealreason whyweknowthatthebodyof theMotherofGodwastaken utitoHeavenistheancientand universalbeliefoftheChristian ChurchbothintheEastandin theWest. Imentionthefact thatthedoctrineisacceptedby theschismaticalandheretical sectsoftheEast,becausethat showsthatitwasalreadyinpossessionbeforethesesectsseparatedfromtheUnityofthe Churchinthefifthcentury.

Now,isthiswhatyouunderstandbytradition?Thatword, asyouseemtorealise,hasmore thanonemeaning.MostfrequentlyIsupposeitisusedby non-Catholicsinthesenseof merelyhumanoraltradition. Suchtradition,ofcourse,isliable tobemixedwitherror.Still, la inspiteofthat,whentheproper safeguardsareapplieditisan importantsourceofinformation aboutthepast.Thereis,however,afarmoreimportantsense inwhichthewordisusedwhen thereisaquestionofthetransmissionfromgenerationtogenerationofthetruthsofthe Christianrevelation.Ihavealreadyonapreviousoccasion dealtatlengthwithtraditionin thissense,soIshallnottreat itindetailnow. Ishalljust touchonit.Briefly,ChristOur

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Lordcommittedadepositof faithtoHisApostlestobepreservedandtobetaughttoall mentotheendoftime.This depositwasnotcontainedin writtenbooks,nordidHecommandthemtowriteitdownfor posterity.Hepromisedthemthe abidingpresenceandassistance oftheHolySpiritinHisChurch totheendthattheChurchuntil timeshouldbenomoreshould beincapableofbelievingor teachingerrorinmattersoffaith ormorals.Theconsequence,of this,asfarasourquestionis concerned,isthatifitcanbe shownthatthewholeChurchat anytimehasbelievedadoctrine connectedwithfaithormorals, thatdoctrineisnecessarilytrue. CertainportionsofRevelation arecontainedinSacredScripture.Otherdoctrineshavebeen solemnlydefinedbythePope actingaloneorbyaGeneral CouncilinunionwiththePope. Thereis,however,avastbody ofdoctrinebelievedbyallthe Faithful,butwhichhasnever beenwrittendownintheinspired writingsoftheBibleorformally definedineitherofthewaysI havementioned.Thedoctrine thatMarywasassumedinto Heavenispartofthatbodyof truth.Inafewwords,thisdoctrineisnotcontainedexplicitly inScripture,ithasnotasyet beensolemnlydefinedasbelongingtothedepositoffaith, thoughwehopeitsoonwillbe, butitisuniversallybelievedby theChurch,itistaughtbythe FathersoftheChurchfromthe earliesttimes,anditisdeduced bytheologiansfromotherknown truths.

SCRIPTURALWARRANTS

Yournextquestion:

"WhatauthorityotherthantraditionoftheCatholicChurch haveyouforclaimingthat Marywascrowned"Queenof Heaven,"amidstgalaxiesof angels?Isnotthisakindof wishfulthinkingthatthe CatholicChurchhascapitalised intoadeclarationoffact'!"

A.:Itshouldbecleartoyou, bythistime,thatifIhavethe authorityoftheCatholicChurch foranythingconnectedwith faith,Ihaveabundantauthority; theverybestauthoritythereis, infact.

J.supposeyouwouldacceptSt. Paul'sauthorityforthestatementthateveryonewholovesthe comingofChristwillreceivea crownofrighteousnessfromthe JustJudges.Ifweallhavea righttolookforwardtoacrown ofglory,itseemsdecidedly stupidtodenythatrighttoMary theMotherofGod,whoisimnieasurablyaboveanyother creatureofGodingraceand sanctity.Ifyouwantscriptural warrantforthefactofherpre. eminence,youhaveitinSt. Luke'sGospel,intheaccountof theAnnunciationandofher visittoSt.Elizabeth.Youmight evenseeareferencetohercoronationinthefirstverseofthe 12thChapterofRevelations.

"Andagreatsignappearedin Heaven.Awomanclothedwith thesun,andthemoonunderher feet,andonherheadacrownof twelvestars."

Yourquestionaboutwishful thinkingisnotworthyofyou andisreallynonsense.Ifyou ladsaidthattheideaofthe coronationofOurLadyia Heavengatheredupandexpressedinasymbolicwaya numberoftruthsthatweknow abouttheMotherofGod,then indeed,youwouldhavebeentalkingsense.

ChurchinIndependentIndia HasNoCauseForAlarm

(ByMGR.P.J.THOMAS)

Indianindependencegivesthe churchnocauseforalarm:rathertheopposite.Thiswasthe mainpointtoemergefroman exclusiveinterviewwiththe London"CatholicHerald,"given byMgr.ThomasPnthaciiinury, BishopofBangaloreandsecretarytotheIndianBishops'(onffrence.

"IsawMgr.Pothaearhury, whowasonavisittoEurope, atMillHillMissionary College,andhediscussecitheattitudeofHindusandMoslemsto CatholicismandthelikelyeffectsofaNationalGovernment ontheworkofthe'Churchin India,"writesthestaffreporter ofthe"CatholicHerald."

"BishopThomas(asheis knownthroughoutIndia)looked upfromhistypewrite.'Iam leavingforRometo-morrow,'he saidwithasmile,'anddiocesan affairsdemandmuchcorespondence,butIamalwayshappyto talkaboutIndia.'

"Ibeganbyaskingaboutthe extentoftheoppositionto CatholicisminIndia.'Duringthe pastthreeyears,'heBishopreplied,'attacksonmissionaryactivitiesandschools,princpallyin thePress,havebeenfrequent. Thechiefreasonsforthisappeartobetwofold.Firstcomes thesuspicionthatChristianityis aninstrumentofforeigninfluenceandareligionaliento theinstitutionsandtraditionsof thecountry.

"'itistrue,ofcourse,'he added,'thatChristianityhas madethemostremarkableprogressunderBritishrule,'butit wasneverencouragedofficially,' BishopThomaswentontoex plainthat,althoughthemodern educatedHinduhadlittlefaith inhisreligion,hewasproudof hisancientphilosophyandspiritualheritageandwasawareof thepraisebestoweduponHindu culturebyWesternintellectuals rangingfromBurkeandScho. penhauertoMaxMullerandH. G.Wells.Henceheresented conversiontoChristianityby baptism.

"'Secondly,'theBishopcontinued,'thereisaconsiderable fearthatthenumberofChristianswillincreaseattheexpenseoftheHindupopulation, withaconsequentdecreasein thepoliticalpowerofthelatter, apowerwhichhasalreadybeen reducedinrecentyearsbymany conversionstoMohammedanism.'

"Thisfearofpoliticalrivalry a-asexpressedrecentlywhena Hindulawyersugegstedto BishopThomasthatifChristians weregivenafreehandthey wouldactliketheMoslemsand demandaChristiantans.

THEINDIANCHURCH

"WillthepoliticalindependenceofIndiareducethese groundsofsuspicion?"Iasked.

'"Ibelieveitwill,'repliedthe Bishop;'wththewithdrawalof theBritishtherewillbenocause forouropponentstothinkthat ChristianityisalliedtoWestern dominationofaWesterntypeof civilisation.Also,thegrowing numberofIndianbishopsand priestswilldomuchtoremove thisobjection.Fiftyyearsago therewasnotasingleIndian bishop;nowthereare19.Also, three-quartesofour5,000priests areIndianand7,000ofour 10,000nuns.

"Anymisgivingsonthescore thatwe privilegesareseekingpolitical undertheguideof religionweredispelledbythe Memorandumpresentedtothe CabinetdelegationlastAprilby CatholicandProtestantleaders, inwhichtheclaimforseparate representationwasdefinitelyrenounced.

"Astothefuture,whilenot minimisingthedifficultiesfacing theChurch,theBishopfeels thereisnocauseforundue anxiety.

BISHOPS'CONFIDENCE

"'ThefutureoftheChurch dependsontheinnerstrength andexpandingpowerofCatholicism,'hesaid,andwemustconcentratealloureffortson strengtheningCatholiclifeand buildinguptheChristiancharacterofyouryouth'."

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CHILDRENFIRST

AStoryby"MiriamAgatha"

WinifredO'Harasmiledasshe warmlygreetedherfriend."No. Iwaslisteningtothechildrentheirgamessweptmebackto childhooddays."

"Agespast!"scoffedNora Shelley.

"Isn'titdelightfultomeet again'underthegreenwood tree'?Ouroldtree!Howoften wehavesatheretoahurried lunch,whenyouwereahumble typist-likemyself,beforeyou wentofftoyourgrandrelatives inMelbourne. Ithoughtit wouldbenicerthaninacity restaurant.Iwashopingyou wouldmanagetohavetimeto come.

"I'dmaketimetomeetyou, Nora.Itwasasplendidnight tocomehere.Thosewerehappy daysalthoughweworkedso hard.Wemanagedtohave plentyoffunaswell."

"Poorme!Stilltap-tapping theoldtypewriter,whileyouRumourhasitthatanengagementwillsoonbeannounced."

Winifredlookeduneasy.

"He'sverywealthy,isn'the?" Noraasked.

"Yes."

"Verygood-looking?"

"Yes."

"Charmingmanners?"

"Yes."

"IsheaCatholic?"

"No."

"There'stherub,"saidNora withadisapprovingshakeof herhead.Asanuneasyflush tingedWinifred'scheeksshe said,"Doyoumindmyquestions?"

"Ohnot-notatall."

"Well-supposeyoudobecomeengaged,willhetakeinstructions?"

"No."

"Butifyoumarryhimhe mustmakethepromises."

"Hewouldmakethemand keepthem."

"Still,thatisnoteverythin."

"No-itisnotevenmuch.'

Theyweresilent.Nora,wearingaworriedfrown,commenced tosetoutthelunchthatwas tobeare-stagingofthemany lunchestheyhadhadtogether vhentheywerefellow-workers inthecity.Winifredwasthe firsttobreakthesilence.

"Nora,"shesaid,"Catholics homakeamixedmarriageare veyselfish."

"Yes?"Noraquestioned.

"Theythinkonlyoftheirown happiness-atthetime.They donotlookahead."

"Ye-es?"Norasaidagain,not quitecatchingherfriend's meaning.

"Children-theirhappiness shouldbethefirstconsideration. Marriageistogivesoulstothe Church;theChurchgivesthem toGod.ItisnotfairtoaCatholicchildtobehamperedby havingaparentwhoisnotof hisfaith.Itmarshishappiness asalittlecitizenofthechurch onearth,afuturecitizenof Heaven.Doubtsarecaston hismother,theChurch.Achild isquicktosenseanydifference itisiememaieseeseamoseeseseaseeseme YenareInvitedtoInspectthe ArtisticallyColouredCamera Portraitsof GirlsofAllNations

Anstraltan-English-IrishIrish-Australian-ScotchAmerican-French-Chinese -Greek-YugoSlav-Malayan-andIndian, displayedintheCouncilAvenue entranceof VICTOR (PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO.

672CENTRALHAYSTREET. ***

ForAppointmentsforChildStudies.Bridal,orGeneralPortraiture,TelephoneB4296. 1111111111NMSNIIIMMISMINININIIIIIMNINSINNI1111111111111111

betweenfatherandipother.Why not?Heispartofthem.He soonknowsifthereisindifferenceorantagonisminany- thingIfitisonreligiousmattersitisallthesoonerdis. covered."

NoraShelly'sfacehadgrown brighter."OhWin,"shecried. "Iamsogladyouaregivingit seriousthought."

"Itrequiresseriousthought."

"Itdoesindeed;butusually peoplearenotactingnormally onsuchoccasions,andtheir reasoningpowersappeartobe dulled.Loveisblind,theysay. ItisalsoextremelystupidfromwhatIcanseeinmany, manycases."Norasmiledagain. "Youmustprayaboutit,Winrue."

"ImagineNora,"Winifred continued,"runninghometotell yourparentsyouwereinthe FirstCommunionClass,and findinganon-Catholicparent whowasnotatallawedand delightedandthrilledatthe news-throughnoneofhisfault ofcourse;theCatholicparents wouldbetoblame.Supposing youhadafatherwhotookyou outwalkinganddidnotraise hishatwhenpastin,gthe Church;whodidnotknowwhat itmeantto'makeavisit';who hadnounderstandingofMaas. Poorchildren.Non-Catholicsare nottoblameforthesad,halfin-halflifethesepoorchildren live.TheCatholicparentisre sponsibleforeverything.You seeitisselfishnottothinkof thechildrenfirst.Agirlmight besatisfiedtoriskhappiness withamanofanotherfaithanon-Catholichusbandmight satisfyher.Butwhyshouldthe childrennothavefirstclaim? TheyneedCatholicparents-not onlyaCatholicparent.Doyou knowwhatsetmethinkinglike this,asIsatherewaitingfor you?"

"Ofcourse,Iknow.Youhave hadaletterfromMotherRaphael;shehasheardrumours andhaswrittenawarning."

"No,"smiledWinifred."It wasnotMotherRaphael.Itwas thatgroupoflittlegirlsover there-theyareplayingOranges andLemons,now.Therenear thegumtree."

"Really-butwhy?"

"Oh,theyweretalkingofa wedding-onelittlegirl'saunt hadbeenmarried.TheypreachedafinesernibnonMixedMarriage-aschildrenseeit.One saiditwaslikeneglectingtoinviteOurLordtothewedding- vtalkingpasttheTabernacleinto thesacristy PI

"Soitis"

"TheBestFriendnotinvited."

"Quitetrue."

"Thentheyspokeoftheirjoy inhavingCatholicparentsand not'mixedmarriageparents.'- That'stheforcefulwaythey putit!Itgavemesucha shock.Somehow,wedonot thinkofitthatway.Weshould. Itisnotjustamananda woman'shappinessatstake-it isafamily'sfaith;andother familiesafterthem.Therespon-sibilityrestsentirelyuponthe Catholicparty.Nora Iam afraidtotakeonsucharespon- sibility."

"SoshouldIbe,"Norasaid.

"Itlisatremendousthing- foundingahousewithhalfof thefoundationbuiltonsand,we mightsay.Childrenfirst!Beforesafetyfrompoverty,or anythingelse."

TearswereinWinifred'sblue eyesastheywatchedthechildden."Theyshouldreceiveevery help everyhelp,"shesaid.

hard."Well,Winniedarling,pray Youdo,Jamsure.Itwill behard,perhaps,togiveup whatyouthinkisyourhappi- ness;butyouhavethoughtfully discovereditmightnotbeyour happinessafterall.Itmight beyoureverlastingsorrowand regrettobuildyourhousewith halfsandformation.Now-let's forgetalittlewhile.Hereisa lunchofotherdays-conjured upforyou.YouarenowWinifredO'Hara,heiresstoa wealthyoldcouple."

Thechildrenweresinging "TheFarmerintheDell."

PrintedandPublishedbyKeith

DearCornerites,-St.Patrick's Dayseemedtopassquietlyin Perth.Iftherewereanyextraordinarydemonstrationsofenthusiasm,Iatleastdidnothear ofthem.NodoubttheFeastwas honouredinonewayoranother byeveryoneofIrishbirthor descent;butwhenonerecallsthe gayscenesandhighspiritsassociatedwiththememorablepublicprocessionsthatusedtobe somuchafeatureofthecelebrationssomeyearsago,onesighs forthedaysthatarenomore. Isawonlyonepersonwearing thegreenonSt.Patrick'sDay thisyear,andalthoughthere musteavebeenmanyIdidnot see,still,itisasignofwaning interestinthecommemorationof Ireland'snationalday.Ialways lookeduponSt.Patrick'sDay, though,asmoreofademonstrationoftheFaiththansimplya greatdayfortheIrish.Thatis whyIamsorrytoseethisday losingitssignificance.

Ithinkweshouldbeveryre- luctanttocastasideanyoppor- tunityofpubliclyproclaiming theFaith.Especiallyinthese naysweneedtobeunitedand enthusiasticabouttheFaith;and

Bushies'Schemelastyearso goodandIhopethisyearwill bejustagsuccessful.Willyou pleasesendmeaprickcard,for IwanttohelptheBushiesas muchaspossible..Iwillconclude now,hopingyouarekeeping well.Withlotsoflovefrom yourlovingniece, GERALDINE.

DearGeraldine,-Yourwelcomelittleletterisamodelof neatness.Ihavesentyouaprick card.Writeagainsoon.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismy secondlettertoyouandIwant totellyouthatIhavefinished theprickcardandSisteris goingtosenditbackwiththe two-and-six.Wearehavingan EnglishlessonnowandSisteris correctingtheSixth.Thisafternonmostofthepupilsfrom Thirdupwardsaregoingswimming.Itoughttobenicein thewater,asthesunisshining. Ihopeyouarewell,AuntBessy, asIamfeelingfine.OnFriday wewillhaveatest.Please, AuntBessy,willyousendme anotherprickcardforthe

DearMargaret,-Iwasvery pleasedtohearfromyouagain andtoreceiveyourdonationto theBushies'Scheme.Gladto knowaboutyoursuccessinthe tennistournaments,too,butyour talkaboutswimmingmakesme enviousasatthemomentof writingtheweatherisunbearablyclose.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

BUSHIES' CORNER

Thefollowingdonationstothe Bushies'Schemearegratefully acknowledged:Previouslyacknow- s.d. ledged

HighgateTennis Club

Theaboveclubhasbeenfunctioningverysatisfactorilyduringthesummermonths.Agood rollupofmembershasbeenexperiencedbytheclub.Thesuccess ofthisisthietothecommittee's decisiontoholdaclubnight tennisnighttwicemonthlyat theChelmsford-roadnightcourts fromNovember,1946,toApril, 1947.Onalloccasionsabig crowdwaspresentandeveryone enoyedthemselves,alsokeeping theirkeennesstowardstheclub andgame-whichgenerallydecreasesduringthehotsummer monthsinmostclubs.

EarlyinFebruarytheclub helditsannualgeneralmeeting,whichwaswellattended.The meetingwasagreatsuccessand manynewoffice-bearerswere elected.

Theofficialsareasfollow: Secretary:Mr.P.Ryan.President:Mr.K.Milne.Vice-presidents:Messrs.L.WhiteandJ. Carroll.Men'sCaptain:G. Dwyer;vice-captain,Mr.J.Kenneally.Ladies'Captain,MissB. Kelly;vice-captain,MissB.W. Church.AssociationDelegates: Messrs.J.KenneallyandJ.Carroll.Treasurer:Mr.P.Reilly.

Sincethegeneralmeeting,the clubcommitteehasmetonce andhadawellattendedMeeting andislookingforwardtoa bumperyear.bothfinanciallyand socially.

neglectoftime-honouredobservanceofuaysofnationalrejoic- ingwillweakenthewilltostand fastinanemergency. Letus.notforgetSt.Joseph duringthemonthofMarch.Pray tohimthathemayobtainfor usstrengthtoabidebyourconvictions.

And,Cornerites,donotforget thatitisourparticularprivilege toassisttheworkofGod's Churchonearthbyaidingthe Bushies.Writeinimmediately foraprickcardsothatyoumay contribute2/6tothisworthyscheme.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

I-I .RuntBessy's F.1LETTERBOX

DearAuntBessy,-I'vebeen thinkinglatelyitwasduetime Iwroteyouafewlines.School hasbegunagainandIamfindingmyselfbusywithallthe extrastudies.Isn'tthecool changelovely?I'msureevery oneappreciateditafterthehot weather.Iwas!leasedtosee thefinancialreportofthe

Bushies?ThatisallIcansay fortoday,butIwillwritesoon. Iremain,yourlovingniece, INABAKER.

DearIna,-Iwasverypleased tohearfromyouandtonote yourinterestintheBushies' Scheme.Ihavesentyouanother prickcard.Thanksforthedonation.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Ireceived theprickcardandIamsending itbacknowwiththe2/6.You willbepleasedtohearthatIdid verywellinthetennistournament.Iwonmysingles,but.I havestillthefinalstoplayafter Easter;thatis,forthesingles. MypartnerandIlostinthe doubles.Atschoolwegofora swimeveryWednesday,butwe didnotgolastWednesdaybecauseitwasrainingandthere wasthunder.Weweresorryto missourswim,aswelookforwardtoit.Wehaveaswimming teacherwithusandwegodown toSouthBeachinthebus,which callsattheschoolforus.Two Sisterscomewithus.Well,Aunt Bessy,Ithinkthatisallthe news,soIwillclose.Iremain, yourlovingniece, MARGARETHOARE.

FrancisSpruhan,at"TheRecord"Office,450HayStreet,Perth.

Thefirstmajoreventtotake placeistheclub'sannualtournament,whichwillcommencethe firstweekafterEaster,April the12thand13th,andwillcontinueeachweek-enduntilfinished.Entriesforthetournament willclosewiththetournament committeeonMarch30that6 p.m.

Personalities

MissDoreenMcGrathissettlingdowntosolidtraining. Thenewladycaptainisdoing splendidworkattheclubofa week-end.Itlooksasiftheright personwasfound.Sheisalso agoodartiet.

Ithasbeenwhisperedthatthe Forbes-Kenneallycombination willnotbeinoperationforthe tournament.

DUKEOFYORKHOTS

NARROGIN

NewLounge,