The Record Newspaper 12 March 1947

TheBoyWhoBeatFatherFlanagan

Boys'TownRockedByAn Eight-Year-OldBandit

HowPerseveringCharityWon

TheToughestDelinquent

Onewinternightalongdis tame*callcametothatNebraska villageknownallovertheworld ssBoysTown.

"FatherFlanagan?Thisis SheriffHosey-fromVirginia. Gotroomforanotherboy-im- mediately?"

"Whereishenow?"

"Ingaol.He'sadesperate character-robbedabank,held upthreestoreswitharevolver."

"Howoldishe?"

"Eightandahalf."

Thegaunt,blue-eyedpriest stiffenedatthetelephone.

"He's what?"

"Don'tlethis you. He'sallIsaidhewas,and more.Willyoutakehimoff ourhands?"

ForyearstheRev.Edward JosephFlanaganhasbeentakingunwantedboysoffthehands ofbaffledsociety:youthsofall ages,races,creeds.

"IfIcan'tmanageaneightyear-oldbythistime,Iought toquit,"hesaid."Bringhim on!"

ThreedayslaterSheriffHosey andhiswifesetdowntheir prisonerinFatherFlanagan's office-anunnaturallypaleboy withabundleunderhisarm.He wasnohigherthanthedesk; frowsyhairofchocolatebrown dangledoverthepinchedface: sullenbrowneyeswerehalfshut beneathlong,darklashes.From enesideofhismouthacigarettedroopedatatheatrical angle."Don'tmindthesmoking,"pleadedthesheriff."We hadtobribehimwithcigarettes."

Thesheriff'swifehadalong envelopeonthedesk.

"There'sacompletereport shesnapped."Andthat'snotthe halfofit.Thisgoodfornothing criminalisnotworthhelping. It'smypersonalopinionbe ain'tevenhuman!Good-byeand goodluck-you'regoingtoneed it!"

NowtheheartofFatherFlan'raniswarmedbyhisloveof Codandman,andespecially youngones.Lookinguponthis patchedwraithofchildhoodthe priestthoughtthatneverhad heseensuchamixtureofthe comicalandtheutterlysqualid andtragic.

Wavingthenewcsmertoa chair,FatherFlanaganbeganto readthereport.Peoplehadforgottentheboy'slastname;he wasjustEddie.Borninaslum nearthedocks,hehadlost motherandfatherinaflu epidemicbeforehewasfour.In waterfrontflatshewasshunted fromonefamilytoanother,livinglikeadesperateanimal.

Hardshipsharpenedhiscunningandhiswill.Attheage ofeighthebecamethebossof agangofboys,somenearly twicehisage.Coachedbyolder toughsoftheneighborhood,Ed-

diebrowbeatthemintopetty crimeswhichheplannedindetail. Aboutsixmonthsbeforethe lawcaughtupwithhim,hisrule hadbeenchallengedbyanew memberofthegang.

"Youneverdoanythingyourself.You'renoleader."

"I'llshowyou,"repliedEddie. "I'lldosomethingyouwouldn't dare.I'mgoingtorobabank."

Thebankwashousedinan old-fashionedbuilding.When mostoftheclerkswereat lunch,Eddieenteredunseenand crossedtoanunattendedslot ofthecashiercage.Sosmall thathehadtochinhimselfup, hethrustinonegrimypaw, seizedapacketofbillsandhid theminhisjacket.Thenhe walkedouttodivide200dollars amonghiscomrades.Buttheexploitwasaflop;thebankcon-

"Eddie,"beganFather,"you arewelcomehere.Thewhole placeisrunbythefellows,you know.Boymayor.Boycitycouncil.Boychief of police."

"Where'sthegaol?"grunted Eddie.

"Wehaven'tagaol.Youare goingtotakeabathandthen getsupper.Tomorrowyoustart inschool.YouandIcanbecome realfriends-it'sstrictlyupto you.SomedayIhopeIcan takeyoutomyheart.Iknow you'reagoodboy!"

Thereplycameinoneshockingsyllable.

About10.0o'clocknextmorningFatherFlanagan's°incedoor pupilswag. geredin.Hishairhadbeencut andneatlycombedandhewas clean.Withanairofgreatunconcernhetossedonvthedesk anotefromoneoftheteachers.

"Doesthelittlefellowlearn anything?"heaskedthesisters.

"Somehowheisgettinghis ABC's,"theyreported."In fact,he'slearningmorethanhe letson.Buthe'sjusteatenup withhate."

Thiswasnotthefirsttough caseFatherFlanagerhaddealt with.Oneyoungsterhadshot hisfather,awife-beater, throughtheheart.Amurderer -butonlybecausetheladloved hismother.Whenthepriesthad understood,hehadbeenableto workthingsout.Theremustbe somethinginEddie,too,that couldbeworked oat.

"I'llhavetothrowawaythe bookofrules,-grumbledFather Flanagan."I'mgoingtotry spoilingthelittledevil-with love!"

Boysandteacherswatchedthe newstrategyasifitwere a sportingcontest,andthehome teamwasFatherFlanagan. Uponthoseweeksandmonths ofplannedtreatsthepriestlooks backwithareminiscentshudder;thescoresofsecond-rate moviestheysatthrough;the hotdogsandhamburgers,candy bars,icecreamandsoftdrinks thatEddiestuffedinsidehis punybody.

"ThereisnoSuchThing aBadBoy"

cealedthetheftandtherewere noheadlines.

"You'reonly'crackingyour jaw,"thegangjeered."You foundthatdoughsomewhere."

Eddie'sanswerwastodisappearforseveraldays.Someonehadsoldhimarevolver,and hewasoutinthefieldsbeyond town,practisingmarkmanship.

Thistimethelocalfrontpages werefullofhim.Slouchinginto arestaurantataquiethour, heaimedhisgunattheterrified countermanandwashandedthe day'stakefromthecashregister.Nexthedraggedarollof hillsfromthepocketofaquakingtailor.Histhirdcallwas onanoldladywhokeptacandy store.

"Putthatthingdown,"this grandmothercried,"beforeyou hurtyourself!"

Shesmackedthegunoutof hishandandgrabbedhimby thehair.Savagelyhestruggled; hemighthavekilledher,but herscreamsbroughtpolicemen. NowEddiehadwoundupin Boys Town.

Puttingasidethereport, FatherFlannaganlookedatthe villainofthepiece.InthedimmishlightEddiesatunmoving, headlowered,sothatitwas hardtoseemuchofthatsullen face.Asthemanwatched,the childproducedacigarettepaper andasackoftobacco.Onehand. cowboyfashion,hedeliberately rolledacigaretteandlitit, thumbnailtomatch;heblewa plumeofsmokeacrossthedesk.

Thelongeyelashesliftedfor aflashtoseehowthepriest wastakingit.

"DearFatherFlanagan:We haveheardyousayathousand timesthatthereisnosuchthing asabadboy.Wouldyoumind tellingmewhatyoucallthis one?"

BackintheclassroomFather Flanaganfoundtheatmosphere tense.Theteacherdescribedhow Eddiehadsatquietlyinhisseat foraboutanhour;suddenlyhe beganparadingupanddownthe aisle,swearinglikealongshoremanandthrowingmovableobjectsonthefloor,finallypitching aninkwellwhichlandedaccuratelyonaplasterbustofCicero.

ReplacingEddieinhisseat, FatherFlanaganapologised: "Itwasmyfault.Inevertold himhemustn'tthrowinkwells. ThelawsofBoysTownwill,of course,beenforcedwithhim.as withalltherestofus.Buthe hastolearnthemfirst.We mustneverforgetthatEddieis agoodboy."

"I.ikehellIant!"screamed Eddie.

Thechildmadenofriends amongboysorteachers.And forFatherFlanaganhereserved hissupremeinsult-"adamned prayingChristian."Sparetime hespentroamingaboutstealthily,lookingforachancetorun away.Hestoodaloofinthe gymnasiumandonbaseballand footballfields:"Kidstuff!"he muttered.Neitherchoirnor bandcouldstirhim;thefarm boredhim.Andinallthatfirst sixmonths,notoncealaughor atear.Soonthequestionin BoysTownwaswhetherFather Flanaganhadmethismatch atlast.

asYetneveroncedidEddiegive asignthatanythingwasfun. Insummerdawnsthatsmelled ofpinesandwildclover,he wouldtrudgestolidlydownto thelake,butnogruntofexcitementcamewhenhelandeda trout.Anapathysettledupon him;hebecamemoresilent thanever.

Onlyoncetowardstheendof thatunhappyexperimentdidman andboycomeclosertogether. AtastreetcrossingEddiewas lookinginthewrongdirection whenatruckboredownonhim; FatherFlanaganyankedhimout ofharm'sway.Foroneinstant alightofgratitudeflickeredin thestartledbrowneyes,thenthe darklashesfellagain;hesaid nothing.

Eventothemanoffaithit begantoseemthatherewasan inherentvilenessbeyondhis reach.Hopehadfallentothe lowestpossiblepointwhenone softspringmorningEddieappearedintheoffice,boldlyannouncingthathewantedtohave itoutwithFatherFlanagan. Thistimethebrowneyeswere glowingwithindignation.

"Youhavebeentryingtoget aroundme,"hebegan,"butnow I'mwisetoyou.Ifyouwason

C4lmost

thelevel,Imighthavebeena sucker,atthat. Ialmostfell foryourline.ButlastnightI gottothinkingitoverandI seethejokerinthewholething."

Therewassomethingterribly earnestandmanfulaboutEddie now;thiswasnotinsolencebut despair.Withastabofhope thepriestnoticedforthefirst tomeaquiveronthetwistedlips.

"FatherFlanagan,you'rea phony!"

"You'dbetterprovethatEddie -orshutup!"

"Okay!Ijustkickedasister intheshins.Nowwhatdoyou say?"

"Istillsayyou'reagoodboy"

"WhatdidItellyou?You keeponsayingthatlieandyou knowitcan'tbetrue.Don't thatproveyou'reaphony?"

DearHeavenlyFather,thisis hishonestlogic!HowcanIanswerit?Howdefendmyfaithin him-andinYou?Becauseit's noworneverwithEddie--Ged givemethegracetosaythe rightthing.

FatherFlanaganclearedhis throat.

"Eddie,you'resmartenoughto knowwhenathingisreally proved.Whatisagood bey? Agoodboyisanobedientboy. Right?

"Yeah!"

"Alwaysdoeswhatteachers tellhimtodo?"

"Yeah!"

"Well,that'sallyou'veeverdone,Eddie.Theonlytrouble isthatyouhadthewrongteach-ers-wharftoughsandcorner bums.Butyoucertainlyobeyed them.You'vedoneeverywrong androttenthingtheytaught youtodo.Ifyouwouldonly obeythegoodteachersherein thesamewayyou'dbejustfine."

Thosesimplewordsofunargu- abletruthwerelikeanexorcism drivingoutdevilsfromtheroom andcleansingtheair.Atfirst thetinyhumanenigmalooked dumbfounded.Thencameaglis- tenofsheer,downrightreliefin thebrowneyesandhe edged aroundthesideofthesunlitdesk. Andwiththeverysamerelief FatherFlanagan'ssoulwascry- ing,heheldouthisarmsand thechildclimbedintothemand laidatearfulfaceagainsthis heart.

Thatwasalongtimeago.For ten\tearsEddieremainedin Boys'Town.Therewellnear thesopofhisclass.heleftto jointheUnitedStatesMarines. orblood-smearedbeacheshe wonthreepromotions.

"Hischest,"boastsFather Flanagan,"iscoveredwithree cerations.Nothingstrange aboutthat,forhehasplentyof courage.RutGodbepraisedfor somethingelse:hehadthelove ofthemeninhisoutfit-brother tethewholehunch.Heisan upstandingChristianCharacter. AndstillthetoughestkidIever knew!"

"IS HE ANT"

WEEGEORGIEWOOD THE

besweeter thansheisto-day.Keepthat sweetnessfortheyearstocome. HaveanewPortraitmadenow. RingB8833fortheappointment.

SidelightsontheSoviet

SecretDocumentsFromNurem-negotiationsbyMessrs.Stalin bergGivesNewLightOnandMolotov,whowereassisted Hitler-StalinPact.

DespitethestrenuousresistanceoftheSoviet,thesecret historicaldocumentswhichtell theinsidediplomaticstoryofthe Hitler-Stalinpactof1939were ?ladintotherecordoftheNurembergTribunal.

Ribbentrop'sdefencecounsel, Dr.Seidl,hasputinrepeated applicationsforthecallingof Molotovtothewitnessstand.It was,ofcourse,invain.Hehad petitionedtheCourtforthereleaseoftheofficialsignedBerlinandMoscowdocuments,both fwhichwerenowintheKremlin(Hitler'scopyhavingbeen capturedbytheRedArmy).Finally,dramatically,Dr.Seidlannouncedthatinconnectionwith testimonyovertheGerman-Russianrelationsof1939hewould introducethetextsofthetreatiesandtheirsecretprovisions intotherecord.

TheRussianbenchinthe court-roomwaswildlydistressed. GeneralRudenkoprotested againstanyintroductionofthe subject.Butthetextswereproduced.Theydidnotconstitute thecompletedfinalforminwhich thetreatiesweresigned;but thefirstdraft,-whichhadbeen preparedbyHitler'sAmbassador,Gaus,wasacceptedbythe Court.Intheproceedingsitwas revealedthat,inasmuchasthe Polishpartitionhadbeenagreed toinpeaceorwar,"itwasalso agreedthatStalinwouldnever accuseGermanyofaggression becauseofitsactionsinPoland."

ExtractsFromTheAffidavits OfAmbassadorGans.

"MynameisFriedrichGaus. UntiltheendofthewarIwas legaladvisertotheForeignOfficeinBerlin.Mylastrankwas thatofAmbassadorExtraordinary.

"1.Intheearlysummerof 1939thethenReichMinisterof ForeignAffairs,Ribbentrop, askedthethenSecretaryofState oftheForeignOffice.vonWe;' saecker,andmyselftocometo hisestateatSonnanburg,and informedusthatHitlerhadfor sometimebeenconsideringan attempttoestablishbetterrelationsbetweenGermanyandthe SovietUnion.

"2.SometimeafterwardsRibbentropsurprisedmeoneday inFuschlbylettingmereada documentwhichcontainedthe draftofaspecialmessageof theReichGovernmenttothe SovietGovernment,4ndamountedtoaproposaltoinitiate negotiationsforapolitical treaty.

"Atelegramwassenttothe GermanAmbassadorinMoscow instructingtotransmitthe messageand,ashorttimeafterwards,theansweroftheSoviet Governmentarrived.Itdidnet rejectinprincipletheideaof puttingGerman-Russianrelationsonanewpoliticalbasis, thoughitpointedoutthatextensiveexaminationanddiplomaticpreparationwouldhaveto precedetheinitiationofdirect negotiations.

"AsecondGermanmessage waspromptlysenttoMoscow, whichexpressedGermany'surgentwishimmediatelytoinitiatenegotiations.Itwas proposedimmediatelytodispatch theReichForeignMinisterto Moscowforthepurposeofbeginningpoliticalconversations. Tothismessageanaffirmative answerfromtheSovietGovernmentwasreceived---Ithinkon August21.

"3.OnAugust23,aroundnoon, theplaneoftheReichForeign Minister,whomThadtoaccompanyaslegaladviser,in viewoftheplannednegotiations foratreaty,arrivedinMoscow. Intheafternoonofthesame daythefirstmeetingofHerr conRibbentropandStalintook place.

byMr.Pavlovasinterpreter. "Agreementonthetextofthe German-SovietNon-Aggression Pactwasreachedpromptlyand withoutdifficulty.

"InadditiontotheNon-AggressionPactalongernegotiationtookplaceonaspecialsecretdocumentwhich,asfaras Iremember,wasdesignatedas 'SecretProtocol'or'SecretAdditionalProtocol,'andwhosecontentsamountedtoadelimitation ofthespheresofinterestof bothpartiesintheEuropean territoriessituatedbetweenthe twostates.Inthedocument Germanydeclaredthatsheas politicallydisinterestedinLatvia,Estonia,andFinland,but sheconsideredLithuaniapartof hersphereofinterest.

"AtfirsttherewasacontroversywithregardtothepoliticaldisinterestednessofGermanyinthetwoBalticcountries mentioned,inasmuchastheForeignMinister,accordingtohis instructions,wantedtoexcludea certainpartoftheBalticterritoriesfromthispoliticaldisinterestedness;thiswas,however,notacceptedbytheSoviets, especiallybecauseoftheice-free portswhichweresituatedprecis,lyinthispartoftheterritory.

"TheReichForeignMinister hadputinalong-distancecall toHitlerbecauseofthispoint. Thiscalldidnotcomethrough untilduringthesecondmeeting and,inadirectconversationwith Hitler,theReichForeignMinistirwasempoweredbyhimto accepttheSovietpointofview. ForthePolishterritoryaline ofdemarcationwasdecided upon.

"TheNon-AggressionPactand thesecretdocumentweresigned thesamenight,ataratherlate hour.

"4.Duringthetimewhen copiesofthefinaltextwere beingprepared,refreshments wereserved;aconversationdevelopedduringwhichRibbentrop toldhowapublicspeechby Stalin,whichhemadeinthe Spring,hadcontainedasentencewhich,thoughGermany wasnotexpresslymentioned, hadbeenunderstoodbyHitler asahintonthepartofStalin thattheSovietGovernmentconsidereditpossibleordesirable toestablishbetterrelationsalso withGermany.Stalinanswered byashortremarkwhich,accordingtothetranslationbytheinterpreterPavlov,meant:'That wastheintention.'InthisconnectionHerrvonRibbentropalso mentionedthatHitlerhadrecentlyshown'tohimafilmofa publicceremonyinMoscowand thathe,Hitler,foundhisfilm andtheSovietpersonalities showninit'verylikable'('sympathisch').

cussedinahighlyconfidential conversationtheproblemofthe demarcationofthespheresof influenceofeitherpartyinEasternEuropa

"Thisconversationhadthefollowingresult:

"1.InthecaseofapoliticoterritorialchangeintheterritoriesbelongingtotheBaltic States--Finland,Estonia,LatviaandLithuania-thenorthers frontierofLithuaniashallform alsothedemarcationofthe spheresofinterestbetweenGermanyandtheU,.S.S.R.Both partiesrecognisetheinterestof LithuaniaintheWilnoterritory.

"2.InthecaseofapoliticoterritorialchangeintheterritoriesbelongingtothlPolishstate, thespheresofinterestbetween GermanyandtheU.S.S.R.shall bedividedapproximatelyfollowingthelineontheRivers Narow,VistulaandSan.The questionastowhethertheinterestsofbothpartiesmakeit desirabletomaintainanindependentPolishstate,andhow thefrontiersofthisstateshould hefixed,canbeclarifiedina finalmanneronlyinthecourse 'offurtherpoliticaldevelopments.Inanycase,bothGovernmentswillsolvethisquestion bywayofafriendlyunderstandng.

"3.Withrespecttosouth-easternEurope,theU.S.S.R.em phasisetheirinterestinBessarabia.Germanydeclaresher completepoliticaldisinterestednessinthisarea.

"4.Thisprotocolshallbe treatedbybothpartiesin a strictlysecretmanner.

"MOSCOW,AUgust23,1939.

"FortheGermanGovernment, Ribbentrop. "OnbehalfoftheGovernment oftheU.S.S.R.,Molotov."

ADDITIONALSECRET

PROTOCOL.

LANGHAMSTUDIOSLTD.

CENTRALARCADE, HAYSTREET PERTH

"TheReichForeignMinister returnedverysatisfiedfromthis meeting,whichhadlasteda longtime,andexpressedthe opinionthatanaccordwasas goodascertainontheagreementsaimedatbyGermany.

"Ipersonallyparticipatedin thesecondmeetingand,also, CountSchulenburg,andEmbassyCouncillorHitger.The Russianswererepresentedinthe

"5.Duringthenegotiations onthesecondGerman-Soviet politicaltreaty,whichtookplace aboutamonthlater,thesecond documentwasmodified,inaccordancewiththeproposalsubmittedbytheSovietGovernmenttoBerlinonanearlier date;bythismodificationLithuania,withtheexceptionofa small'tip'adjoiningEastern Prussia,wasalsotakenoutof theGermansphereofinterest, whileinexchangethelineof demarcationonPolishterritory wasshiftedfarthertotheEast.

SECRETPROTOCOLOF AUGUST,1939.

"Ontheoccasionofthesigningofthenon-aggressiontreaty betweentheGermanReichand theUnionofSocialistSovietRepublics,theundersignedrepresentativesofthetwopartiesdis-

-Washadaysare Easier

RelaxSoapwilltakethe bardworkoutofwashdays forYOU.Relaxisgentle onthefabricandyour hands)washesclothesa snowywhite:andNObard rubbing is necessary. AlwaysuseRELAXInYOUR washtub. Obtainablein dui*stew)

"Point1oftheSecretAdditionalProtocol,signedonAugust23,1939,isherebymodified totheeffectthattheterritory oftheLithuanianStatebecomes partofthesphereofinterestof theU.S.S.R.whiletheProvinceofLublinandpartsofthe ProvinceofWarsawbecomepart ofthesphereofinterestofGermany(comparethemapappendedtotheFrontierand FriendshipTreaty,signedtoday).AssoonastheGovernmentoftheU.S.S.R.takesspecialmeasuresonLithuanianterritoryforthepurposeofsafeguardingitsinterests,thepre- sentGerman-Lithuanianfrontier shallberectifiedforthepurpose ofanaturalandsimledelimitationofthefrontierbygiving toGermanytheLithuanianterritorysouth-westoftheline drawnonamap. "itisfurtherstipulatedthat theabove-mentionedmeasuresby theSovietUnionshallnotresultinanyprejudicetotheeconomicagreementsbetweenGermanyandLithuanianowin force.

"MOSCOW.Sept.26,1939.

"FortheGermanGovernment, Ribbentrop.

"OnbehalfoftheGovernment oftheU.S.S.R.,Molotov."

HaveyourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Beast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

ItCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccuratelyDispensed RobertW.DALBY,M.P.S. Of130OxfordStreet,Leederville. carriesafullysupplyofall AccreditedBrandsofToilets,Patent Medicines.FullPhotographicService,Etc.PhoneB8224andreceive REALService.

MADEINW.A.BYWESTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

WhereSocialismMeansLargelyCo-operation

Saskatchewan'sUniqueSocialExperiment

CanadianHierarchyRaisesNoObjections

IntheheartofCanada'sWest liestheProvinceofSaskatchewan,withanarealargerthan anyEuropeancountryexcept Russia,andapopulationsmaller thanthecityofMontreal.Here thefirstavowedlySocialistGovernmentonthecontinenthasalreadycompleteditssecondyear ofoffice.

InJuneof1944theSaskatchewanelectorate,inaland-slide vote,puttheCo-operativeCommonwealthFederation(CCF) intopowerforafive-yearterm, andtherestofCanadasatback towatchwhilethenewgovernmentsettowork.Interest mountedhigh,forwhateverhappensinSaskatchewanwillsurely affectthefortunesoftheNationalCCFwhenitmakesits secondbidforpowerinthenext Federalelection.

PremierT.C.Douglas,young (justturned44),Scotch-born, leaderoftheSocialists,has sometoughobstaclestofacedespitetheoverwhelmingmajority behindhiminthelegislature. Constitutionallimitationson Provincialpowerkeephimfrom puttingthefullCCFprogramme intoforce.

TheBritishNorthAmerica ActdivideslegislativepowerbetweentheDominionandProvincialbodiesinmuchthesame wayastheAmericanConstitutiondoesbetweentheFederal andtheStatebodies.Thereis thisdifference,however.Inthe UnitedStates,judicialinterpretationhasservedtostrengthen theFederalGovernmentatthe expenseoftheStates.InCanada,thecourtshaveleanedin theoppositedirection;theProvinceshavegrownillpowerat theexpenseoftheDominion.

UnderSection91oftheBNA Actthevastfieldofsociallegislationhas,bytheinterpretation ofthecourts,beenleftinProvincialhands.Atthesametime theProvincesfindthemselves limitedandrestrictedinrespect oftaxationandfinance.The Provinceshavethepower;the Dominionhasthemoney.Time andagainDominionincursions intothesphereofsociallegislationhavebeendeclaredultra wires.Infact,thereisgrave doubtabouttheconstitutionality ofthefamous"FamilyAllowanceAct"oftheDominion, thoughnoneoftheProvinces seemsinclinedtomakeanissue ofthematter.

Despitetheseobstacles,the newgovernmentbeganinenergeticfashion,passingtheFarm SecurityActataspecialsession in1944.Saskatchewanisthe biggestofCanada'sagricultural producers,withanannualcrop thatjumpsoverthe500,000,000 dollarmark.Ofrecentyears droughtanddepressionhave fallenhardontheSaskatchewan fermersandthousandsofthem havebeenevictedfromtheir land.ThenewActexempted fromseizurethefarmer'shome andthesurrounding160acres. Mortgageholderswererequired towaitforaperiodoftwoyears beforebeginningproceedingsfor eviction.Anyfarmerwhoabuses theprivilegeofthelawmaybe

ELLIOTT ELLIOTT OPTICIANS

AR,40

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PIERIoa

JohnWogmgr.

Ex-MarisiBros: ShidpnfTel.87988

removedfromitsprotectionby aProvincialMediationBoard setuptoadministertheAct. Anotherprovisionallowsforthe suspensionofprincipalpayments onmortgagesduringcrop-failure years.

Inanefforttobalancethe economyoftheProvince,the administrationearlylaunched intoan-industrialisationprogramme.Thefirststepwasthe expropriationoftheDominion ElectricPowerCo.,whichwas followedduringthenexttwo yearsbythecreationofeleven CrownCompaniesownedand operatedbytheGovernment throughitsDepartmentofNaturalResources.Thesecompanies operatechieflyinthemanufactureofclayproducts,leather productsandwoolproductsfieldswhichhavebeenfoundunprofitableoruninterestingto privateenterprise.

TheGovernmentpolicyonexpropriationisexpressedbyMr. J.L.Phelps,Ministerofthe DepartmentofNatural Resources,whenhesays:"Only/13 alastresortwilltheGovern,nentuseitspowerofexpropriation.Wherethisisnecessarytic ownerwillbecompensated.'

ThosewhofindthetrendtowardsstateownershipunpalatablefindthisitemontheSaskatchewanmenuthehardestto swallow.

Therearefew,however,to findfaultwiththeworkdoneby thenewly-formedGovernment DepartmentofCo-operationand Co-operativeEnterprises. CoopsfigurelargeintheCCFdefinitionof-socialownership."

UndertheCCFtheyhavetaken onnewlife.ThefirstannualreportofthenewDepartmentrevealsthatthereare1,044thriving,marketing,manufacturing andcreditco-ops.Duringthe year1944-45about15,000.new memberssignedup.Foritssize Saskatchewan,isCanada'spreriderco-opProvince.AnOfficeof Researchtoassistexistingcoops,ageneraladvisoryservice andaninspectionserviceare maintainedbytheDepartment, andtheIndependentCo-operative UnionofSaskatchewanworks handinhandwiththeGovernment.

OneinterestingcaseillustratestheDepartment'sinitiative.IntheProvincetherewere some250,000surplushorses grazingonvaluablepasture lands.Anindependentprocessingco-opwaspromotedand givenfinancialassistancebythe Governmentandacontractwas negotiatedwithBelgiumtosupply10,000tonsofhorsemeat annually.Moreover,Co-operativeMinisterL.F.McIntoshhas madetwotripstoBritaintoarrangelarge-scaletwo-waytrade agreementswiththepowerful Britishmanufacturingco-ops.

Publichealth,too.hascomein foritsshareofconsideration.

Followingthereportof1)r.

HenryE.Seigerist,ofJohns HopkinsUniversity.freemedical,dentalandhospitalservice isnowprovidedforold-ageand blindpensioners,formothers whoarebeneficiariesofmother's allowancesandfortheirchildren.Fourteenhealthregionsare tipbesetuptoprovideservices wheretheydoriotnowexieklargemeasureoflocalNittrolistobeassuredandhealth servicesarenottobeimposed.

PremierDouglas.whoisalso MinisterofHealth,declaresit tobeGovernmentpolicy"toprovidefreehealthservicestoall groupsintheProvincewhohave noresourcesoftheirownfrom whichtopayforthecare."

Onthelaborfront,theGovernmenthasenactedwhatIt claimsisthemostadvanced pieceoflaborlegislationonthe continent.ItsTradeUnionAct requiresemployerstobargain collectivelyandtoagreeto unionsecurityintheformof maintenanceofmembershipand thecheck-off.Itprovides a speedymethodofcertificationof

unionsforcollectivebargaining purposes.Companyunionsare e,:tiawed,andemployeesdisieissedforlegitimateunionactivitymustbereinstatedwith hackpay.ThenewActhasgiven agreatfilliptoorganisation.

"Unionorganisationinthelast ninemonthshasbeennothing shortofterrific,"saysW.K. Bryden,chairmanoftheSaskatchewan LaborRelations Board,"TheBoard'stimehas beentakenupalmostexclusively withapplicationsforcertificationofnewunions."

"Inthespiritof'charitybeginsathome,"readsaGov. ernmentreport,"theSaskatchewanGovernmenthassigned threecollectivebargainingagreementswithunionscomposedof groupsofitsownemployees. Theseagreements,thefirstof theirkindinCanada,areexpectedtobefollowedbyothers whichwilleventuallycoverall Saskatchewancivilservants."

InSaskatchewan,18-year-olds nowhavethevote,andHouse debatesareregularlybroadcast fromthefloorofthelegislature. Otherlegislationhasconcerned itselfwiththemarketingof furs,therehabilitationofveterans,anincreaseintheminimum wageforteachers.InMatador County,nineteenwarveterans, aidedbytheGovernmentwitha grantofCrownlandandfinancialbacking,areconductingan experimentinco-operativefarming.Theyaresettingupafarm withavillagecommunity,all thelandandmachinerybeing heldonaco-operativebasis.

AnyonefamiliarwiththesocialencyclicalsandthepronouncementsoftheAmerican hierarchy,willbeabletofind notalittleinthisprogramme whichistotheirtaste.Indeed, astheCCF"NewsComment" states:"Ithasbeendifficultfor thestalwartdefendersofthe capitalistworldtomakeasad storyoutofSaskatchewan."

Thereisonefeatureofthe, Saskatchewanplanonwhich manyCatholicsarereserving theirjudgment-Government ownershipofindustry.Itis certainfromtheencyclicalsthat therearecaseswheresuchownershipmaybejustifiedandeven necessary.Sofar,itwouldseem, theSaskatchewanGovernment hasgoneintobusinessinfields whereprivateenterprisecould not,orwouldnot,operate.But willthe"socialist"Government stopthere?Thatisthequestionforemostinthemindsof many.NaturalResourcesMinisterPhelpshasprovidedastatementofGovernmentpolicy:"It istheintentionoftheGovernmenttoeffectanorderlychange tosocialownershipinthedevelopmentofournaturalre sources."

Infairnessitmustberecalled that"socialownership"inCCF terminologycoversco-opsaswell asGovernmentownership.Still theCCFbiastowardsnationalisationgivesmanyaprospective supporterafeelingofuneasiness.Catholicsrecallthatthe principleofsubsidiarity,namely, thatthestateshouldnevertake uponitselfataskthatcanbe performedasefficientlybya lowerbodyoraprivateperson, isafundamentalprincipleof Catholicsocialtheory.

HenrySomerville,prominent CanadiansociologistandEditor oftheCatholic"CanadianRegister,"thinksthattheCCFis likelytoproveaneededbulwark againstCommunisminCanada, butwrites:"ItwouldbeencouragingtoseetheCCFpaying moreattentiontothefirstword initsownname,whichis'Cooperative'."

TheCanadianhierarchyhas madeitclearthatCatholicsare freetosupporttheCCFasit nowstands.Catholicsare a minorityinSaskatchewan,numberinglessthan28percentof thepopulation,yettheyseemto besatisfiedunder"socialist"

rule.TheypointtoCatholicsfn Britain,AustraliaandNewZealand,themajorityofwhomare enthusiasticsupportersoftheir "socialist"Governments,with fullecclesiasticalapproval.ltis reportedthat4outof6Catholics inEnglandsupporttheLabor Government.InSaskatchewan theimportantportfolioofAgricultureisheldbyI.C.Nollet,a Catholic.

Alladmitthattherearea fewdoctrinaireradicalsinthe party,butinthemainthebalanceisheldbymenlikePremier Douglas,whoisforthrightinde daringthatChristianityisthe onlyfaiththatcanavertthe downfallofallthatweholdmost dear."Historyhasproven,"he toldagatheringofKnightsof Columbus,"thatifGodisforgotten,civilisationwillcollapse." Mr.DouglaswasonceaBaptist minister,butliecanquotethe encyclicalsonoccasion.

By FrancisGilbert

CORPORATISMISNOT FASCIST

CorporativeStateisaphrase whichenjoysacertainamount ofdisrepute,mainlybecause Mussoliniusedtheword"corporative"todesignatecertainaspectsofthefascistregime.

Therewastoomuch"state" andtoolittle"corporativeness" infascistItaly.Butthiswould betrueofeveryStatewherethe totalnationalresourceswere beingdevotedtoapolicyofimperialism.Itdoesnotfollow, therefore,thatthecorporative eyetemisanaturalbedfellowof fascism.

Onthecontrary,thecollaborationofemployerandemployees inthemanagementofindustry theoryshouldbeamosteffectivebartothattypeofstate dominationwhichwecalltotali tarianism-exceptwhenithappensinRussia.ParticularlyIs thissowheretheinitiative comesfromthepeopleandnot theState.Towaituntil theStateforciblycompelscorporatecontrolofindustryputs theStateintheboxseatfrom thestartandFascismalmostinvariablyresults,because,since thepeople"corporated"areunwilling,forceisapermanent factorinthewholeregimeto keepthemso.

Butwhentheinitiativecomes fromthepeoplethereisnoreasonwhytheroleoftheState shouldbeanymoreonerous -thanitis,say,intheCo-operativeHousingSocietyActof1944 (Victoria).Hereisanexample not,indeed,ofthecorporative systemofindustry,butofacol. laborationbetweentheStateand itscitizensvoluntarilyorganised intoacorporatebody.

Aco-operativehousingsociety isatruedemocracy.Itspowersareboundedbyitsstatute, certainly,butinsomewhatthe samewayasCanberraislimited bytheConstitution.

ExampleofMeatindustry.

If,forexample,themeatindustrywereorganisedandcontrolledbyacommitteeofemployersandemployeesrepresent-

ineallthevariousvocationsin thisparticularbusinessenterprise.ifregionalandevenfirm committeesweresoorganised, andifallsharedintheprosperityoftheindustry,theState wouldnotneedtointerfereas muchasitdoesintheaffairsof aco-operativehousingsociety. Yetnosanememberofthelattereverfeelsvictimised.

ButtheState,ofcourse,would havetotakepartinsuchan order.Itwouldgivelegalityto theguilds'regulationsjustasit legalisestherulesofunionsand placesitscourtsatthedisposal oftheuniontoenforcepayment ofuniondues.Allcorporations wouldcollaborateforthecone mongood.

PowersofCorporations.

Someauthoritiesstatethat eachcorporationwouldneed powersunderthefollowingfive headings:

1.Toregulateconditionsof laborandstabilisationofproductionandmarketingbytrade agreementsonproductionand prices.

2.Toadministertheservice unitsofthevocationalgroup, suchasemployment,professionaltrainingandsocialinsurance.

3.Todisciplinemembersor groupsbyapplyingsanctions whenrulesareviolated.

I.Topassjudgmentsondisputesbetweengroupsthroughan arbitrationcourt,and

5.Torepresenttheclaimsof onecorporationtoothercorporationsortothepublicauthority. ThisisthetypeofStatethe Popeshavesuggestedasbeing thebesthopeofreconcilingindividualfreedoinwiththeCorn mongood.

SocialismDead.

Whynotgiveitatry?Wny potrecognisethatCapitalism andSocialismarebothdead! OnlyCommunismisalive,and Communismisnotinterestedin individualliberty.

Howtobegin?Byverydefinitionitmustbeginfrombelow, fromthepeople,fromus.What aboutit?Itcan'tbeworse thanthepresentmess.

WHATABOUTJAPAN?

Duringthespateofthehate campaignintherecentwar,Mr. Menziesmadethesensibleremarkthatanytruepeacesettlementmustsecurefreedomend wellbeingtoJapanandGermany,aswellastotherestof theworld.Itisimpossiblenot tofeelstrongsympathyforthe currentreactionwhenitappears eniongthosewhohavevictims ofJapanesesavagery,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,inthesufferinganddeathofpersonsthey love.Butjournalistsandpropagandistswhosetdownthis blackdoctrineofeverlasting hateasthebasisofapolicyare notworthyofsympathy.They areenemiesofreasonandhumanity.

ININTERESTSOFPEACE.

ThewarwithJapanisended; alargenumberofwarcriminals havebeenbroughttotrialand receivedtherewardoftheir evildeeds;andthis will continue,nodoubt,untilitis completedasfarasfalliblehumanjusticecancompleteit.It remainstocollectsuchreparationsasitseemsjustandwise toenactandtodowhatispossibletoguaranteeourselves againstarecrudescenceofthe Japanesemenace;afterwhich, theinterestsofpeacerequire thattheJapaneseshouldbeenabledtoreorganisetheirsocial andeconomicsystemsothat theymaylivehumanlythemselvesandcontributetothe needsoftherestoftheworld,.

Thisiscivilisedcommonsense;thebarbarousalternatives seemtobetodenythemthe meansofsubsistence,sothat theymayperishas"humanvermin;"ortotreatthemasa slave-racetobeexploitedand oppressedpermanently,equally withoutregardtotheirhumanity.

Weconclude,then,thatitis rightthatJapanshouldbeallowed,andindeed,helped,to recover.Thishasbeenthe Americanpolicyascarried throughundertheadministrationofGeneralMacArthur.As regardsourowncountry,the benefitwouldhemutual,since weshouldregainanimportant woolmarketandobtainanumberofgoodswhoselackhas beenadisadvantagetoussince 1942.

MayIdivertattentiontoan articlewhichappearedinaMelbourneeveningpaperwhichit isdifficulttointerpret,exceptas adeliberateattempttofoment ill-willandpavethewayfor anti-Japaneseoutbreaks?

Theideaofthesewasconveyedintheformofa"warning"supposedtoemanatefrom artanonymous"seniorofficerof the8thDivision."Thepolitical affiliationsofthisunknown,however,aresufficientlyrevealedby aloadedsentenceabout"those whohadtofacemunitionsmade frontthescrapironwehadsent toJapan."Youknowwhat groupwasresponsibleforwhippingupthepropagandaabout "scrapironforJapan"before thewar.Ithasbeenshownthat ourcontributiontoJapanese militaryrequirementsthrough thistradewasnegligible.Itwas nottobecomparedforamo-

mentwiththosemadebythe U.S.A.antibySovietRussiaat thesameperiod;andRussia's tradewascontinuedalmost throughoutthewar.

The"seniorofficer"goesonto speakof"thousandsofAustralianhomesdarkenedbyJapaneseatrocities,"and"peoplewho wouldneverforgiveorforget."

Let'ssetasidetherantand considerwhatthisobjection amountsto.Becauseacousin, orbrother,orson,orfriendof minehasbeenmaltreatedbya JapaneseinMalayaorBurma, amtoseekvengeance,not againstthatJapanese,but againstafirmanditswork peoplewhohavehadnomore to(lowiththebusinessthanthe MichelintyrefactoryinFrance. Forfearthat"Japanesecapitalists"shouldmakemoney-incidentally,theirformerpowerhas beenshatteredunderAmerican rule-iamtorefuse"coolie-produced"goodswhichgivethousandsofworkersthemeansof living.

RIGHTWATTO RE-EDUCATE.

One"officer"goesontospeak of"re-education"oftheJapanesepeopleassomethingrequiringgenerations.Inthemeantime.hereflects,"itmustbe realisedthattheJapanesewere anathemaandthesaleofJapanesegoodsintheshopsmight producetrouble."Whatisthe linkbetweenthesetworeflections?IftheJapanesearetobe refusedthemeansoflivelihood

untiltheyarere-educatedina coupleofgenerations,theywill notbere-educated,becausethey willdie.Iftheyaretobe"reeducated,"then,weandother nationsmusttradewiththem. Andthemoretheydiscoverthe benefitsofpeacefultradinga afree,tolerantworld,themore likelytheywillbetorecognise themeritsoffreedomandtolerance.

Iomitthelastpartofthearticle,whichcontainsthereflectionsofanofficialoftheChamberofManufacturers-alsomoclestlyanonymous.Ithink,how. ever,thatIhavemadeitspoisonouscharacterclearenough andjustifiedmyopinionthatit marksthebeginningofanew campaigntoprovokedisorders, boycotts,conflictsandIknow notwhat,whichmaycomplicate ourrelationswithAmericaas wellasJapan.Thegeneralpatternshould,Ithink,beclear. GeneralMacArthurisanxiousto helpJapanesetradealongas partofhisplanofreconstruction.HisRedandLeftistopponentsareouttodefeathispun posebypropaganda-provoking sabotageandviolence.Ihave littledoubtthatarticlesofthe samekindareappearingeverywhereintheworld,coveredby thesamediscreetveilofanonymouswarning.AtleastIhope Australianswillbesensible enoughtorealiseexactlywhat thisstuffisworth-andthat theywillnotbedupedbyitinto uncivilisedandmeaninglessdisplaysoflawlessmalignity,.

It'sbettertoliveinhopethantohave nohope.Ifyoudon'tbuyaticket you'llhavenohopeofwinningthe£3,000,firstprize intheNo.356CharitiesConsultation.

NUMBER5OFTHE Nitric611tmestecdiSeries

COMMUNISTPARTYMUST OPPOSERELIGION

"TheTimes"recentlypublishedthefollowingfromitsMoscowcorrespondent:

Findingitselfinsomedifficultywhenanumberofmembers e whohadbeenforbiddentogoto Churchalludedtothelawon freedomofconscienceandreligion,aKomsomolLeagueorganisationintheKalininregionaddresseditselftotheKomsomol journal"YoungBolshevik"The replywasrecentlypublished.

Theeditorspointoutthat, whiletheCommunistPartyhas alwaysstoodforfreedomofconscience---thatis,forgranting everycitizentherightfreelyto determinehisattitudetowards religion-andhasinsistedonthe necessityofseparatingChurch fromStateandtheschoolfrom theChurch,thisdoesnotmean thatthepartyisindifferentto theattitudeassumedbyits memberstoreligion.

RecallingthatLeninsaidthat thepartyconsideredreligiona privateaffairinregardtothe State,butnotatallinregard totheindividual,Marxism,or theworkers'party,thewriters assertthat,asthepartybases itselfonscientificfoundations,it isboundtoopposereligion.

Religioussuperstition,thearticlesaid,isverytenacious amongpeopleofbackwardcultureandeducation,whereit survivesasavestigeofcapitalism.

Henceitfollowsthattheonly waytogetridofsuperstition istoraiseculturalstandardsand patientlytoexplainitsharmfulness."Noadministrativemeasuresofanykindcanbetoleratedinthismatter."

Thearticlesaidthatthewritersoftheletterwererightwhen theysaidthatKomsomolsshould notremainindifferenttoreligion andthatthosewhohadjustified theirbehaviourbyreferringto theconstitutionwereinerrer, sincethatdealtwiththeattitude oftheState,andnotofthe partyortheKomsomol,toreligion.

IfaKomsomolbelievedinGod andattendedChurch,hefailedto fulfilhisduties,whichmeant thathehadnotridhimselfof religioussuperstitions.

Itwasimpossibletoremain indifferenttothedissemination ofreligiousoranyothersupertitionsamongscho)lcleldren.

Ontheotherhand,theartaleconcludedtheKalinin homsomolgrow,actedwrongly inforbiddingitsmemberstoattendChurch.

Theircorrectcourseofaction waspatentlytoexplaintheerroroftheirwaysandtoconvincethemoftheworthlessness ofthereligiousworldoutlookby teachingthemascientificinterpretationofnaturalandsocial phenomena.

P:;YCHO-ANALYSIS BISHOP'SWARNING.

Acalltotakepsycho-analysis "outofthehandsofthesecularists"wasmadebyArchbishop Downeywhenheaddresseda doctors'meetingundertheauspicesoftheGuildofSS.Luke, CosmasandDamien.

"Iamafraid,"saidMgr. Downey,"thatnotinfrequently theanalysttakesuponhimself theofficeofconfessororspiritualdirectorandthatwithout theaidofgrace."

Hewarned:"Atpresentany harlatanisfreetodescribe limselforherselfasapsycho:,nalyst,andleadotherstophy'calandmoralruin,sothatit isnotsurprisingtofindeven leycho-analystsdeclaringthat thetimehascomewhen,inthe interestsofsocialsanity,the practiceofpsycho-analysisought toberegulatedbylaw."

ArchbishopDowneydeplored thefactthat"onlytoooftenin thepasthavewestoodasideand allowedanewdiscoverytobe mouldedintheinterestsofmaterialisticoragnosticphilosophy."

STANO'BRIEN,

COURTHOTEL, PERTH

Phone342$1.

NEWS

SALAZAROBJECTSTo BUREAUCRACY

Employers'Responsibility. Dr.Salazar,PremierofPortugal,isprobablyuniqueamong statesmeninthatherefusesto accepttheplanofsocialorganisationthatplacestheeffortto improvetheworker'slotimmediatelyontheState.

Healthandemployment insurance,housing,familyallowaeces,holidayswithfullpayand old-agepensions,shouldnot,he considers,beachargeuponpublicfunds,butshouldheregarded asaresponsibilityofeach branchofproductiveindustryin thesamewayaswages.

THEWORKER'SRIGHT.

Inotherwords,herightlyregardssuchmeasuresasareturn forservicesrendered.

Further,industry'sresponsibilityforitsworkersobviates thecreationofahugebureaucracythroughwhichtheState administersasystemofits

Inthematterofholidays,the lengthofvacationvarieswith thelengthofservice.Suchholidaysmustbegranted,andemployeesarenotallowedtowork elsewhereduringthetime.

Holidaycamps,excursions, centresofpopularculture,cheap restaurantsandorganisations forsportareamongthethings providedtopromotetheuseful employmentoftheworker's sparetime.

LANDUSEANETHICAL PROBLEM

BishopSproll,ofRottenburg inSouthernGermany,isnot afraidoftakinganunpopular position.Duringthewarthe Gestaporesentedhisforthright attitudeandexiledhimfromhis diocese.Onlyatthewar'send washeabletoreturn.Recently theBishopaddressedagatheringof12,000menatSchoenen berg.Headvocatedaredistributionofland,anddeclared: Itisthetaskofthestateto takemeasuresforafairdistributionofearthlygoods,inparticularwhenlandhasbecome scarceandmillionsareaspoor asbeggars.AsmanyGerman familiesaspossibleshouldbe givenanopportunitytoowna pieceofGermanland.

BehindthisverydirectstatementisawealthofChristian thought.Landabuseandland monopolyareintolerablepractices.Thefamily.ifatallpossible.mustnotbeshutaway fromthelandwhich,inthe wordsofPiusXII,is"itsnatural habitat."Evenfamilieswhose mainlivelihoodcomesfromindustryandwhosecashincome fromthesoilispracticallynil maynotbeshutawayfroma smallplotoflandoneconomic grounds.Takingcognisanceof economicrealitiesandpossibility ofover-productionisonething, maldistributionoflandencouragedbyselfishnessisquiteanother.Itisthejobofgovernmenttoforeseedangersofmaldistributionandtocorrectit whenitoccurs.Anywhothink therightofprivatepropertyincludesarighttoacquireanduse landwithoutlimitmightwell pondertheBishop'swords.

OTES

ATEOFAXISWAR PRISONERS.

Themysteryofwhathappened tooverthreemillionwarprisonersfromGermanyandher formerallieswasrecentlysolved byastatementfromU.S.Army headquartersinGermany.It turnsoutthattheSovietUnion usestheseformerWerhmacht soldiersasslavelaborers.This announcementwasfollowedbya. Sovietacknowledgmentwhich cameviaSiberiaandShanghai.

ASovietorgan,"Irkutskaya Pravda,"admittedthat"German andJapaneseprisonersofwar areworkinginrailwayandhighwayconstructioninSiberia."

Itaddedthatabout2,000,000 prisonersofwesternAxisnations,includingGermans,ItalansHungariansandFinns,togetherwithatleast800,000Japanese,areengagedingigantic projects,describedasthelargest transportconstructionofthe SovietUnion'scurrentfive-year plan.

Itmightbeconvenienttorecallthatthe1929GenevaConsentiononP.O.W.'swassigned byallformerbelligerentstates, withtheexceptionoftheSoviet Union.

RegardingSlovakia'ssharein thewaragainstSovietRussia, Tisosaidthatneitherhe northeSlovakpeop'.::hadaey reasontofightthelussians.Ho pointedoutthat,attheverybeginningofthewaragainstRus sia,manySlovaksoldiershad deserted.Dr.Tisoexplained thathesoughttobeguidedby theSlovakproverb,"Whenthe bigonesarefighting,thechildrenshouldhideunderthetable,' buteventsprovedstrongerteen thisrule.

Unlikethecourttoday,hedid notregardthewaragainstRussiaasawaragainstaSlav brothernation,butas-awar againstBolshevism,hesaid.

Dr.Tisodisclaimedianyknowledgeabouttheconditionsinthe Slovaklaborcamps,saying:"I abhoranyformofbrutality,regardlessofwhetheritiscommittedbytheGermansoranybodyelse."Hesaidthatforeign prisonersofwar,particularly Americanairmen,hadnotbeen handedovertotheGermans.He rathersoughttobringabout theirinternmentinSlovak camps.

Inthecourseofexhaustive questioningonSlovakia'streatmentofJews,Dr.Tisosaidthat economicfactors,notquestions ofrace,hadbeendecisiveinall measures.TheyaimedatreducingtheJewishshareinthe economiclifeofthecountryto aquotaof4percent.Thesocalled"aryanisation"hadbeen dictatedbyGermany,Dr.Tiso added,emphasisingthatJewish businessmenwereenabledto electtheirownrepresentatives, andthatinallcasesthemeasureswerecarriedthroughina humanemannerandwithdue regardforsocialconditions.

ThesecretariatofMr.Edward Benes,PresidentofCzechoslovakia,hasissuedastatement denyingrecentrumorstotheeffectthatPresidentBeneswas exercisinginfluenceonthepromeding-sattheSlovakNational CourtinBratislavatobringabouttheconvictionofDr.JosephTiso,formerheadofthve Slovakregime,whoisnowon "trial."

ThestatementsaysthatPresidentBeneshasinnowayinfluenced,orsoughttoinfluence, thejudgesintheBratislava "trial."

CastelGandolfo,wherebuildings attachedtothePapalvillawere severaltimesbombedinraids whichcausedcasualtiesamongrefugeestakingshelterthere.

Anotheritemwillbelossof Vaticanmotorvehicles--mostly trucksusedforreliefwork duetoAlliedbombing.

PRIESTSINFACTORIES

Frenchpriestswhoworkin factoriesaftertheirordination inordertoenterintothementality,andstudytheproblemsandcultureoftheworkers,are nowagreatforceinbringing theFrenchproletariatbackto theChurch.

TheyuseastheirchiefinstrumentparticipationintheliturgicallifeoftheChurch.Some 12oftheselabourer-priestsare engagedfulltimeinthework, andmanymorepriestsareassodatedwiththem.Called-"MissionParis,"theendeavourowes itsorigintoPereGodin,who aboutfiveyearsagowrotea bookinwhichhestatedthat Francemustbeconsideredas amissioncountry,andmissionarymethodsmustbeusedtowin backthegreatnumberofthe proletariatorworkingclasswho hadstrayedfromtheChurch. Theresultshavesofarbeen gratifying,anhavegivenproof rfthevalueofthenoveltechnicu

THESTATEOFPORTUGAL

Foralongtimenow,Portugalhasbeenoneofthosehappy landswhoseaffairsareseldom referredtoinourforeigncables.

JnOctoberoflastyear,thepressofEuropefeaturednewsofa "revolt"whichwastremendouslyinflated,andadornedbymy-thicaldetails.Thetruthisthat arebelcolonelatOportotried tostagesomesortof"pronunciamiento"butfailedlamentably.

FATHERTISOREFUSEDTO DECLAREASOVIET

"Ihavebeenstrivingtoserve myChurchandtocarryoutmy politicalactivities,conscientiouslyandhonestly,"saidRev.Dr. JosephTiso,ontrialforhislife beforetheSlovak"People's Court."Hegaveastartlingtestimony.

"Earlyin1945Irejecteda writtensuggestionsubmittedto mebyanagenttoproclaim SlovakiaasaSovietRepublic," saidDr.Tiso.

Hemadethesestatementsin thecourseofasix-daycross-examinationaboutwhichthe CzechoslovakPressreportedin emannerthatcanonlybecharacterisedasstronglyprejudiced: saysanN.C.W.C.newsreport.

Thesamegoesfortheofficial reportsonthe"trial."ThesemethodsofthePressstandincontrasttothoseofthecourt,which endeavoredtopreservecorrect lrgalformsinitsattitudetowardthedefendant.

SECOND-HANDREPORTS.

Representatives offoreign newsagencieswho"covered" thefirstdaysofthe"trial"in BratislavareturnedtoPrague, wheretheyobtainedinforrna.ion ontheprogressofthe"trial" fromsecond-handsources.

AnsweringquestionsregardingSlovakia'sparticipationin thewaragainstPoland,Dr.Tiso assertedthathehadgivenno orderstotakepartinthecampaignandtocrossthePolish border.Ifithadtakenplace, itwasdoneforstrategicreasons.Heplacedresponsibility upontheSlovakarmycommander,GeneralCatlos,whowas capturedbytheRussiansatthe endofthewarandisstillheld bythem.

Atarecentconferenceat Topolcani,inthepresenceof theSlovakNationalCouncil,Tee theranBishopsandnewspapermen.PresidentBeneswasasked tomakeastatementonthe caseofDr.Tiso.Hereplied thathehasalwayssaidthatDr. Tisomustbetriedandsentenced todeath.

NOTANALLIEDAIRCRAFT THATBOMBEDTHE VATICAN.

"ItwasnotanAlliedaircraft thatbombedtheVaticanonNovember5,1943.Thishasnow beenconfirmedintheVatican Cityafterthreeyearsof secrecy. TheGermansblamedtheAlliesforthebombing.TheHoly Sleedeniedthecharge.The HolyFatherknewwhowasresponsibleandsomeweekslater hestatedthatthebombingwas "anattackdeliberatelyplanned anddishonorablyandunsuccessfullyscreenedbehindthe anonymityofthepilot."

Nowithasbeenstatedthat theVaticanwillmakenoclaim fordamagesonanyAlliedPower becauseitisknownthatthe,attackingplanewasnotanAllied One. AVaticanspokesmanhasdeniedthattheHolySeehassubmittedwardamageclaimsto theAmericanCommanderof theMediterraneanoperational theatre,aswasrecentlyreported intheU.S.A.

TheHolySeeis,however drawingupattherequestofthe U.S.anestimateofdamageto itspropertythroughAlliedwar operations.

TheVaticanspokesmanwas quotedassaying:"TheVatican willnotpresentclaimstothe UnitedStatesunlessotherneutralcountrieswhichsustained suchunintentionaldamagedo so,andonlyifsuchclaimsare deemedvalidbyinternational law."

Theestimate,itisreported, willincludedamagetotheSan LorenzoBasilica,hitduringan AlliedraidonRome,andto

NotasingleN.C.O.orlong-servicesoldierfollowedhim.The reportof"3,000arrestsatLisbon"wasmadeup-therewas notone;noonewasevenquestioned.Ofthe64arrestedwith theColonel61werereleasedin afewdays.Thesubsequent "militaryinquiry"onlydealt withquestionsofdiscipline.

ThegeneralsituationinPortugalisgoodatpresent-the peoplearewelldressed,clothes beingunrationedandtheirqual- itygood.Pricesarelowerthan anywherein Europe-though complainedofashigh.The soundnessofthecountry'seconomicpositionisshownbythe factthatgoldcanbebought freely,andcurrencyexported withhardlyanyrestrictions.Am ericaninfluenceisbecomingmore andmorepowerful.

Governmentofficialsarenot pronetoover-exertion,butthey arehonest-thoughpoorlypaid. Thepoliceandarmyaresmart andwelldisciplined.Factory workersandfarmersearna goodliving,thoughtheyarenot rich:moderateprosperity,Itt fact,iswidelyspread,

TheDictator-PremierSalazar-nowgrey-headed-stilldominatesthecountry,devotinghimselfalmostexclusivelytowork andavoidingcompany.The chiefproblemsofpolitics-and hopefortheOpposition-isthe factthatheisgrowingold,and nosuccessorisinsight.This Oppositionhasonitsleftthe "DemocraticUnion"dominated byasmall,activespearheadof Communists-hutithaslittlefollowingamongtheyoungpeople: mostofitsleadersareelderly., andsomedisreputable

TheMonarchistscannotbe regardedasan"Opposition"-since Salazarisatraditionalistwith monarchicalsympathies:and theymayhaveafuture.The "RightWing"extremistshave latelybeendisplacedbythePre. tnder,DomDuarte(Edward), whoisadescendantoftheRoyal lineofDomMiguel-displaced byhisnieceinthe1830's.He isasensibleman,aboutforty yearsold,andhischiefParty manisaclosefriendofSalazar himself.Allthispointstoarestorationasthemostobvious wayofstabilisingthe"New State"onapermanentfooting.

PreventionandCure ofMentalIllness

NumerousWaysinWhich SufferersCanbeHelped

Thepreventionandcureof mentalillnessisamatterofextremeurgency.Ailmentsaffectingthefunctionofthemindare socommonthatalmosttenthousandpersonsareaffectedinthe smallpopulationofVictoria. Othershavebeencuredwhere promptandadequatemeasures wereemployed,andmanyare deadforthewantofthem.

Treatmentandcureareseriouslyhinderedbytheprevailing attitudeofshameandfatalismin referencetodisordersofthe mind.Many'Australiansstill believethatoncereasonislostit islostforeverandthatthereis nothingtodobuttoplacesuch patientsunderlockandkeyfor therestoftheirlives.

Personsholdingthisviewlose hopeatonceshouldarelativeof theirsbecomeaffectedorshould theirownmindssufferanydisturbance.Addedtothisthere isadreadofMentalInstitutions.

MindIllnessesAreCurable. Weshouldalltrytorealise thatthebrainisjustanorgan ofthebodyliabletobeupset fromthesamecausesthat affecttheheart,liver,jointsor otherorgans,andthatthemind isjustaslikelytorecoveronce thecauseofthedisturbanceis removed.Everyoneknowsthat absorptionofpoisonfrombad teeth,tonsils,catarrh,constipation,cancauseavarietyofbodilyailments,butmanyfailto realisethatthebrainmaybe thepartaffected.Anacute fevermaycausepaininabodily organordeliriumofthemind, bothofwhicharecuredasthe illnesssubsides.Amorechronic typeofinfectionmayupset eitherthebodyorthebrainfor amuchlongerperiodwithout permanentlydamagingit.

Predispositiontonervousbreakdownisoftencausedbywrong habitsoflifebeguninchildhood. Latehours,over-excitementin infancy,wrongfood,lackofroutine,pampering,schoolworries

STATESAWMILLS ANDBRICKWORKS

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EVERYTHINGFORTHEBUILDINGTRADE:-

Calv.Iron,Cement,Plasterand'AsbestosSheets. Roger'sPaints,VarnishandEnamels,Kdisomine. Builders'Hardware,WireNails,etc.

andemotionalupsetsundermine thepoiseandhappiness.Such personsareswayedbywhims andprejudicesratherthanguidedbyintelrgence.Theytempt providencebyneglectingrest, routineandrecreation,andbyrefusingtoeattherightfoods. Theyreadilyfallvictimstomentaldisorder.

Subnormalphysicalandmentalstaminamayfollowtheprolongeduseofadietlowinvitaminsandminerals,whereasreplacementofthesevitalfactors willr,sultinagradualreturnto health.

NewTreatmentsCureThousands.

Withinthelastfewyears cureshavebeendiscoveredfor mentalailmentspreviouslyincurableandwhichconfinedthouFandsofpatientstomentalhospitalsforalifetime.Doctors maymasterothermaladieswhen amplemoneyisavailableforresearch.

Somechildrenarebornwith defectivebrains,whichcannever b:comenormal.Again,the brainmaybedamagedbeyond repairbyillnessorinjury,but eveninhopelesscasesitisa cruelmistaketoimaginethat thepatientisnotconscious.He suffersfrompain,weariness, fatigue,lonelinessorneglect,as dothemorecurablecases.

Inadditiontomedicaltreatment,mentalpatientsneedcare andcomfort.Theyrespondto goodnursing,daintyfood,pleacantsurroundings,visitors,good music,goodbooks,andwarmth orshelteraccordingtothes,ason.

Theyneedrecreationintheintervalswhentheycanenjoyit. Recoveryisacceleratedbybaths, massage,physicalexercises, games,amusements,outings,and suitableoccupation,knownas occupationaltherapy. Treatmentbyoccupationshould beginquiteearlyintheillness. Itisamostimportantcurative measurewhicheveninhopeless casesarrestsdeteriorationand maintainsthepatientatahigher levelofhappyusefulness. Occupationrelievesthetediumof convalescenceandexercisesthe mindinnormalfunction.Withoutitthepatientwillhave manysetbacksandmayevenbecomehopeless.Foroccupational therapyamplematerialandapparatusisnecessaryforanumberofinterestingcrafts.Skilledtherapistsarerequiredto teachandtohelpthepatients findactivitiessuitedtotheir taste.Patientsneedencouragementanddirection.Restperiodsmustbesuggestedwhen necessary.

Perhapsyoucaninfluence youngpeopletotakeupmental nursingMentalhospitalsare callingfordevotedandcultured womentoofferthemselvesfor training.

StartanAuxiliary.Perhaps youcanstartanewAuxiliary branch,joinone,orsendmoney, jam,fruit_sweets,smokes,etc., fordistribution.Mentalpatientsareoutofsightandoutof mind.Manywell-disposedpersonsmaynothearthesadstory oftheirneedsexceptthrough you.

Supporttheappealforafully trainedsisterinchargeofall wards-maleandfemale.The poorsickmenneedmothering andgreatlyrespondtoencouragementbyakindlywoman.

Somehospitalshavepatients wellenoughtobedischarged, butwhohavebeensolonglockedinthattheycannotnowunaidedfacetheworldagain. Theseneedhelpinfindingwork, hoard,friendsandrecreational interests.

Eachhospitalneedsatrained hairdresser.Hairtreatments improvemoraleandhastenrecovery.

Theseandmanyotherequally urgentreformssuggestedbythe DirectorofMentalHygiene awaitrealisationuntilalarge bodyofsympatheticandpublicspiritedcitizensgivesupportto hisrequests.

Makeknowntoallthatmentallyailingpersonsmaynowobtainexpertmedicaltreatmentin mentalandsomemetropolitanhospitalswithoutbeingcertified asinsane.

Information.

TheAuxiliarieshaveahostel forconvalescentwomenpatients andareendeavouringtoestab-

Britain'sManof Destiny?

TheannouncementbyHarry Pollitt,SecretaryoftheBritish Communists,thathisPartyis tolaunchacampaignagainst burlyErnieBevindirectsattentiontothisstormypetrelof BritishLabor,says'Freedom News-Weekly."Bevin'shistory indicatesthathewillnotbe disturbedbythreatsfromany quarter.

ErnestBevinwasborninSomersetin1884,thesonofan agriculturallaborer.Bothparents,wornoutbythestruggle againststarvation,diedwhile theirboywasamerechild,and attheageoftenyearsheleft schooltoworkonafarmfor9d. aweek.Hesoonstruckfor1/-, andwhenrefused,transferredto ar.otherfarmatthewagehe wanted.Despitethisvictory,he wasstilldissatisfiedandleft thecountrytoworkintheCity ofBristol.

Byturnspageboy,shopassisant,tramconductor,truck driver,thedaycamewheneven theseoddjobsfailed.Forfive yearshewasunemployed,but somehowkeptalive.Hesays himself:"Onehadtogetfood, soIstole."

CAREERBEGINS.

Hisfirstexperienceoforganisingcamewhentheunemployed formedamovementandmade himsecretaryattheageof26. Laterhefoundajobdrivinga milkcart,andjoinedtheCarters'SectionoftheDockers'or WharfLaborers'Union.Soon hisabilitywonhimaplace amongtheUnion'snationalofficersin1910.

Sincethenhisrecordoftrade unionadministrationhasbeen unsurpassedly.Hewas,untilhis retirementearlythisyear,secretaryoftheTransportand GeneralWorkers'Union,the largestunionintheworld,which heformedbyamalgamating36 tradeunionsintooneunion,departmentalisedlikeadepartmen talstore.Hisefficiencyasa unionofficialwasawe-inspiring; hedemandedandgotresults.

HisrecordledtohisappointmentasBritishMinisterfor Laborin1940,whenhewasnot eenaMemberofParliament.He e.asnotinParliament,because hedidnotwanttobe;hepreferredbeingsimplyaunion official.Similarlyheneverstood forthenationalexecutiveofthe LaborParty;hepreferredtosit amongtheordinarydelegates.

Hispositionasatradeunion leaderwasestablishedinthe Dockers'Strikeof1920.The wharfiesfoughtforaregular wageandaminimumwage.They won,andgottheminimum wage,buttheGovernmenttrickedthembymaintainingthe casualsystem.In1941Bevin, asMinisterforLabor,destroyed thecasuallaborsystem,making dockersfull-timeStateemployeesonaregularminimum wage.

In1920,whenChurchillofferedtosendarmsforuseto crushtheSovietRevolutionin Russia,Bevinorganisedthe unionsforageneralstrike. Churchillyieldedtothethreat. Bevinistodayreceivinglittle thanksforsaving U.S.S.R. fromaggressioninitsearly years.

lishasimilarhostelfordischargedmalepatients.

Combatthepopularmiscon c(----.thatmentalillnessis usuallyhereditaryandthatmen talpatientsaredangerousor homicidal.Fewareeither.

Discouragestories,plays, filmsandjestswhichmakesport ofmentalillness.Enlighten thosewhoregarditwithshame.

Informationastowaysyou mayhelpmaybeobtainedfrom thepresident,MentalHospital Auxiliaries,Mrs.M.G.F. Pardy,J.P.,11Byron-street, Canterbury,E7;orHon.Secretary-Treasurer,MissM.I.Brown, Oxfordroad,Croydon.

GENERALSTRIKE.

SevenyearslaterBevinagain organisedageneralstrike,this timeindefenceofthecoalminers.Millionsofunionists strucktoenforcenationalisation ofthemines.Theyfailed,and theConservativeGovernment enactedlegislation against strikes.However,lateronBevin passedthroughParliamenta Billrepealingthislegislation andmakingBritishtradeunions freerthanevenbefore.

Bevinwasthefirstimportant unionleadertodemandaction todestroyFascism,andatthe 1935ConferenceoftheBritish LaborPartyitwashisspeech whichswungBritishLaborto astronganti-F6cistpolicy.

Histermfrom1940asMinisterferLaborsawremarkable workdone.TheMinistry,tillhe tookitup,wasoflittleimportance;hemadeitranksecondin theGovernment.Hesought sweepingpowersoverindustry, butneverusedthemunless necessary.Hepreferredtobring employersandworkerstogether tomaketheirowndecisions.If theyfailedtoagree,thenBevin acted.Buthispolicywas,he declared,"togetwillingservice, notanationofindustrial slaves."Theunions,asaresult, backedhimineverything.

DISLIKESTHEORISTS.

Bevinsharesthetypical unionist'sdislikefortheorists andintellectuals,andmanyof theattacksonhimhavecome fromthesepeople,particulatly oftheLeftWingfraternity.At timesaggressiveandimpatient ofopposition,hehasshownhimselfabletocontrolhisnatural temperamentwhenhehashad toworkwithopponents.Asa negotiatorhehashadmuchsuccess,andthisisattributedtohis tradeunionexperiencesince 1927,whenhesubstitutednegotiationforhispreviousdirect actionpolicy,andfoundit paid.

DespiteBevin'saidtothe U.S.S.R.initsearlydifficulties, Inhasneverhadanytimefor Communism,andhisopposition toitsaViemiitstoinfiltrate Laborandunionismhasbees determinedandfinal.Helumps CommunismwithFascism,and thisaccountsforthebitter hatredinwhichCommunistshold him.

In1934atthecelebrationsof theTolpuddlemartyrs,hesaid: "WheneverIamaskedaboutthe dictatorshipoftheproletariat, oftheNazisoranyotherform ofit,Ialwaysreply,'Iwas borninavillageandIlived underadictatorshipuntilIwas 14-andIwillseeyoutothe devilbeforeIhaveanymore.'"

AttemptsbyCommuniststo depictamanwithsucharecord asaFascistreactionaryleave theBritishworkerscold.They knowBevin.

RandolphKnapp (W.A0.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE.

FREMANTLE-L FORCHERPERGROCERIES

M115$-Tolophones-L MEAD,SON&CO.

FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD. VICTORIAPARE

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE.

THERE('()RD

TwoViewsofDeath

ResignationorExpectation?

Oneofthegreatestmoral teachersbeforethetimeofour LordwasSocrates,whoflourishedinAthensinthefifthcentury BC.

Hehadadisconcertingway ofconvictingself-importantmen offoolishnessoutoftheirown mouths,andinthemannerof thosewhotellhome-truthsabout theacceptedregime,hedrewon himselfthebitterhatredofthe rulersofAthens.Hewasput ontrial,foundguiltyofsubversivepracticesandsentenced todeath,butbeforethecourt finallyadjourned,hewasgiven anopportunitytospeak.

Hiswordsonthatoccasion werelaterwrittendownbyhis friendPlatothephilosopher,and attheendofthelongspeech whichPlatohasthuspreserved, therecometheselastwords spokenbySocratestohisjudges:

"Nowthetimehascomeand wemustgohence;Itodieand youtolive;andwhetherlife ordeathisbetterisknownto GodandtoGodonly."

Thewordsareatolling-knell, bereftofanycertainhopefor thepassingspirit.Socrates stoodfacingdeath,butasto whatmightliebeyond,hecould notbesure;hislifehadbeen nobleandmeritorious,butasto anyreward,hecouldnotbe sure.

LifeforSocrateswasgood; sharpbattlesofwits,thefriendshipofmenlikePlato,astimulatingandintellectuallife.Death might,indeed,bethepreludeto somethingevenbetter--butonly Godknewthat.

Socratesdidnotknow,andso perforcehefacedthehereafter withnoclearvisionofwhatit mightholdforhim.

Fifteenhundredyearslaterin Tours,atthebeginningofthe 12thcentury,therelivedanotherphilosopherofthePlatonistschoolcalledBernardSylvestris.

Healso,inastrangework thatisasmuchpoetryasphilosophy,hasleftwordsona

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man'slastend,andhesays:

"Whenhisdaysshallbenumbered,andhismortalhabitation shallfallinruinsaroundhim, thenshallmanclimbtothe starswhere,alreadynounknown guest,heshalloutstripthebannerandplaceofhisownstar."

Bernardlovednature---the woods,therivers,andseas,the mountains,thestarsperhaps aboveall,and,forhim,there wasinthefirmamentonestar thathungasabannerfromthe verybattl4mentsofheavens.

Itwashisstarandhisonly, andthither,whereitsflaming emblemhung,helookedtogo whenhisdayshereshouldbe finished.

Notmerelythitherwouldhe go,butbeyond---beyondthatunimaginablydistantplacewherehis starwasfixed,wherehisbanner wasplanted,intotheverycourts ofheaven.Therehewouldstand, anewcomerindeedfromthe earth,butyetnounknownguest, nostrangertotheheavenly army.

SocratesandBernardSylvestris;theywerebothphilosophers,bothfollowersofPlato, andbothspokeofdeath.But howdifferentlytheyspoke!Socratesspeakswithanobleresignationthathasnowell-founded hope,whilstBernardspeaks, notwithresignationatall,but withexpectationthatisgreat withjoy.

DeathforBernardisthe breakingopenofaprison,itis thesettingfreeofman'sspirit as,spurningtheruinsofits earthlyhabitation,itshoots meteor-likeupandonintothe kingdomofthestars.Death, forBernard,isahome-coming; hehasbeenintothatkingdom before.

Intherealmofthespiritsof thejustmadeperfect,heisalreadynounknownguest,foron wingsofprayerinthemorning hehastakenhisflightthere andhasspokenwiththecitizens ofheaven.

WhenSocratesdied,hesteppedoutofalightedroominto anunfathomabledarknessthat heldforhimheknewnotwhat; whenBernarddied,hedidnot stepatall,butheleaptlike lightningfromtheshadowsof theearthintothegloryofthe sonsofGodandtheirkingdom beyondthestars.

Thedifferencebetweenthe twodeathsisoneofthegifts thattheHolyChildofBethlehem cameladenwithwhenHestoopeddownfromheaventobe mademananddwellamongstus. Ifyouwouldhavethisgift anduseit,asBernarddid,to lightenthepathofyourearthly pilgrimage,thenlearnwithhim tobe"nounknownguest"inthe courtsofheaven. Itisprayerthatwillconduct youthither,andifyouletit; then,whenyourowndaysshall benumberedandyourearthly habitationshallfallinruins aboutyou,youtooshallclimb tothestarswhere,alreadywith Bernardnounknownguest,you tooshalloutstripthebanner andplaceofyourownstar. S.M.S.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

....OnMondaynight,February 24th,theAnnualGeneralMeetingwasheldintheAssociation rooms,anddespitethefactthat itwasanextremelyhotnight, themeetingwasverywellattended. Thesecretary'sreportonthe year'sactivitieswasread,after whichtheelectionofofficerstook placeand,asaresultofthese elections,theoffice-bearersofthe Associationforthecomingyear areasfollow: President:Mr.J.J.Edwards. Vice-Presidents:Messrs.L.McGovernandF.Collopy.Secretary:Mr.P.Casey.Treasurer: Mr.P.ReillyAuditors:MrP. SullivanandB.Hickey

statedthathewashonouredat beingelectedPresidentandask-

Mr.Edwards(inhisaddress, edmemberspresenttoensure thattheirvariousclubswere representedontheCouncilat everymeeting,asthesuccessof theAssociationrestedonthe Counciland,thenthroughthem, onthemembersofthevarious clubs.Inconclusion,Mr.Ed ardsmovedthatLifeHonouraryMembershipsbeconferredon Mr.Heagney,ourPastPresident,inrecognitionofhisuntiringeffortsonbehalfofthe CatholicTennisAssociation.

Mr.J.Wallhasfounditnecessarytoretirefromofficethis year,andonbehalfoftheAssociationMr.Heagneyexpressed histhanksandappreciationfor theexcellentmannerinwhich thesecretarialdune!,havebeen carriedoutduringMr.Wall's termofoffice.

Wewouldliketoexpressour thankstoMr.JacksonandMr. Sullivan,who,intheabsenceof ourofficialauditors,verykindlyofferedtodotheauditforus thisyear.

SOUTHPERTH

Duringthepastfewmonths playhasbeenrestrictedonour courtsowingtotheneedfortopdressing.However,aseveryone seemsfullofenthusiasmto havethecourtsrepaired,itis hopedthesewillbeinreadiness forthecomingpennantmatches. Engagementsseemtobethe orderofthedayhere,thefollowinghavingbeenannounced duringthepastfewweeks:

DellaSymontoRexPhipps.

JoanKahantoBobElliott PatHacketttoTedDavis.

Tothesehappycoupleswe offerourcongratulationsand hopethattheweddingbellswill beringingintheverynear future.

Onceagainwesayfarewellto twoofourmemberswhoare leavingustocontinuetheir studiesinmedicinetoSydney andMelbourne.Werefer,of course,toFrankMurphyand PeterDenting.Bestofluckfor thecomingyear,andwehopeto seeyougracingourcourtsagain nextChristmas,

OurAGradeteamwillbe withouttheassistanceofBob Elliottinpennantsthisyear,as BobhastakenuphisappointmentinPersiaandwillbeabsentfortwoorthreeyears,so thetalentscoutshadbetterbe onthealerttofindsomeoneto fillthisvacancy.

OLDAQUINIANS'ASSOCN.

HockeypracticeforthemembersoftheaboveAssociation willcommenceatLangleyPark (backofC.B.C.,Perth)onSunday,16thinst.,at10a.m.

COMMENCINGMONDAY,MARCH17th,THE

Detailedtime-tableswillbeadvertisedinthe"Daily News,'Mch.15,andthe"WestAustralian,"Mch.17.

Pleasecuttime-tableoutandkeepbeforeyoufor reference.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

HIGHGATEBRANCH

NationalCatholicGirls' Movement.

Theguestspeakeratourlast GeneralMeetingwasMissHender&n,fromtheNationalFitnessCouncil.Inadditiontoher interestingaddresson"The ValueofSport,"MissHenderson showedustwotechnicolorfilms, cneonthe1944YouthPageantatGloucesterParkandthe otherontheBickleyYouth Camp.

FolkDancing.

PatFrenchhaskindlyoffered herservicesasteacherforFolk Dancingclassestobeheldafter eachGeneralMeeting.

Basketball.

Approximately24girlsattendedthemeetingheldonSundaymorning.ithasbeenarrangedtoholdpracticeregularly everySundaymorningat10.30. WewouldlikeasmanyaspossibletocomealongnextSundayforthepurposeofgrading playersintothreeteams.

Social.

Tuesdaylastsawabout20e boysandgirlsfromLeederville andHighgatebranchesofthe Y.C.W.andN.C.G.M.gathered intheparishhallforagames andsocialevening.Competitions includedtabletennis.badminton andquoitstournaments,anda quizzablyconductedbyGeoff smith.Thegameswerefought outtoafinish,butthequizz oftenproducedonlyblanklooks antistonysilence.

Thanks,Loederville,fora grandnight,andnexttimewe meetwewillevenupthe,.core.

Important. Girlsareaskedtobringalong tothenextGeneralMeetinga MissalorPrayerBookinorder torunthroughtheLatinfora DialogueMasstoheheldon :he23rdMarch.

NEDLANDSBRANCHN.C.G.M.

March18th:Dancingclasses willbehe'dasusuatonTuesday eveningbetween9and9o'cloca.

March11th:Therewillbea combinedY.C.W.anN.C.G.M. indoortenniseveningheldfrom 8to11o'clockatCentenary Hall'..irowgrounds,Claremont. Refreshtnentswillbeprovided. Everyone,w;ket!toa+tstia.There willbeoe'.tsmallchargefor eveeetee

LEEDERVILLEBP.ANCH N

Rehee,ek.TheChoresare workingveryhardtoget throughalltheirwork,but wouldstilllikealittlebitmore supportfromthelocallasses. TherehearsalforSundaynext (17thMarch)isparticularlyimportant,asactionswillhaveto begonethroughfortheshootingwhichistotakeplacetee followingweek.Things fealtymovingnow.

General Meeieg: Next L'enchrree-:ng heheldon WednesdayMarch1.1r inthe ParishPalTherewillalsobe physicaltraining.Themeeting startsafterStationsofthe Cross.

Dance:ThedanceonFriday, March7th,wasagreatsuccess. NextwillheheldonFriday, March21st.

MassRoll:Membersareasked togotoMassonedayaweek fortheMovement,asitisonly prayerthatwillenablethe Movementtosucceed.

DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS

Meetingtobeheldatheadquarterswithinthenextfew weeks:

ExecutiveMeeting:31stMch.

CouncilMeeting:Monday,7th April.

ST.ALOTSIUSSCHOOLHALL,SHENTONPARK GRANDSOCIAL

MusicalItemsandDancing).

ST.PATRICK'SNIGHT,MARCH17th.

PROCEEDSSEMINARYBURSARYFUND.

Admission:is6d. Supper.

Organisers:LocalBranchCatholicWomen'sLeague.

CompletelyReadyfor your1947KnittingRequirements

Don'ttheseason,whizzaround!Onceagain it'stimetogetoutyourknittingneedlesand startworkonthosenewwoolliesyou'llwantfor thisAutumnandWinter.Ahern's,ofcourse, havealltheaccesoriesyou'llrequire. The newKnittingWoolsbyPaton's,Sunglo,Lincoln Mills,Excelsior, thelatestKnittingBooks, Needles,KnittingBags,Rug-MakingAccesories. MakeAhern's yourheadquartersforKnitting needsthisseason.

MarianLodgeCommitte?

Meetings:Wednesday, 19:1 March,andWednesday,2nd April,at6p.m.

Leaders'Retreats:Thereare stillvacanciesfortheMarch Leaders'Rctreatonthe22nd end23rdMarch.AnyLeader whocannotmaketheAprilor MayRetreatsandwhohasnot beenallocatedtotheMarchone, pleasegetintouchwithHead quartersimmediatly. AprilLeaders'Retreatis scheduledforthe26thand27th.

NEDLANDSY.C.W.

Social:Wednesdaynight,19th March,willmarkthefirstbig socialeventofAutumn,1947,for theNedlandsY.C.W.Atennis veningwillbeheldatthe ClaremontShowgroundsinthe CentenaryHall,8p.m.to11 p.m.Nedlandsinvitesmembers fromallotherparishesandprovidesafirst-classevening.

MassDuringLent:Members arereqeustedtoattendMassas often'aspossibleduringweek (laysofLent.Sofartheeffort hasbeenfairlysatisfactory,but leavesmuchroomforimprovement.

Farewell:Atthelastmeeting membersfarewelledMr.Jim O'Hara,whobythistimehas leftfortheEasttocontinuehis studies.HishelpintheestablishmentoftheNedlandsY.C.W. teasinvaluable.Wewishhim luckinhisnewcareer.

GWELUP

NEWCLASSROOMAND VERANDAH

Owingtotheincreaseinthe numberofchildrenattendingSt. Teresa'sschoolatGwelup,ithas becomenecessarytoprovidea n,wclassroom,andalsoalarge shelterintheformofaverandah.WorkbeganlastDecember, butowingtothedifficultiesof procuringthenecessarymaterialsithadtobediscontinued.

Alittleoverthreeweeksago anewstartwasmadewiththe work,andalthoughexcellent progresswasmade,againwe areobligedtowaitthearrival ofnecessarymaterial.Asthis willprobablybeavailableabout theendofthemonth,itisnow confidentlyexpectedthatthe wholeworkwillbecompleted abouttheendofApril.

10.000BRICKSAT2/ ABRICK

Thecostofthisnewworkwill beinthevicinityof£870,plus tnecostofclassroomfurniture.

Andalthoughthiscostisgreat, itisconfidentlyhopedthatsufficientsupportwillbeforthcomingtoquicklyreducethisliabilityandtoprovideanencouragingbeginning.Thereforeitis pointedoutthatas10,000bricks arenecessarytocompletethis work,thepurchaseofoneor morebricksat2!eachwould aboutcoverthecostofallthese improvements.Alreadyover600 brickshavebeendonated.

Bethereforeagoodfriendto St.Teresa'sschool,Gwelupand buyafewbricks.Pleasesend yourdonationstoSisterin Charge,C/oSt.Catherine's Convent,OsbornePark,ortoFr. Langmead,St.Kieran'sPresbytery,OsbornePark.

EASTERGOOSECLUB

AnEasterGooseClubwillbe launchedthisweek,tobedrawn onApril2nd,forthepurpose ofraisingfundsforthoseimprovements.Welookforward togoodsupport.

HIGHGATE

OnMondaynight,March17th, intheHighgateParishHall,the annualSt.Patrick'sConcertwill beheld.Inadditiontotheartistsnamedinlastweek'sreport,wehavemuchpleasurein announcingthefollowing:Mr. RalphLang,violinist;MissCol. leenHarris,violinist;andAustenCoulahan,Irishtenor,who willsing"Macushla"and"Arise, 0Sun,"andIreneStancliffe, whowillsing"TheLastRoseof Summer"and"EileenAllanah."

Acorrectionfromlastweek: MissCarmelMoranwillsing "ThemaidsofCadiz,"alsoMiss JoanCurtinXylophonerecital endMissCarmelMoranwillplay "Cyair-de-luce."Threerowsof seatswillbereservedforartists andtherewillbeplentyofroom forall,asextraseatingaccommodationhasbeenprovided Prices:Adults2/-;halfpricefor children.Doorsopenat7.80 Concertcommencesat8.0o'clock.

Y.C.W.Activities

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH REHEARSALS

Allthosetakingpartinthe filmareaskedtopleaseputall theirenergyintothevariousrehearsalsnow,astheproduction wivllsoonstarttoroll.Miss MamieKeatingandMrs.J. AnsteyandA.McPheeareworkingveryhardonourbehalfand onlyourfullco-operationwill maketheprojectrunalong smoothly.

LIBRARY.

OurLibraryhasbeenofficially opened,andmembersarepromisedanextensivearrayofreadingmatteronvarioussubjects. Alreadyafinecollectionofbooks existsandwewillbegrateful foranydonationsofbooks whichanyonedesires'tooffer. DANCE.

Ournextdancewillbeon Friday,21stMarch.Thedances areverypopular,butwehave plentyofroomformorepatrons. Wewouldliketoseemorefrom otherparishespresent. ATLETICS.

AllLeedervillemembersof theY.C.W.andN.C.G.M.should beatLeedervilleOvalnextSaturdayafternoonandthefollowingSaturdaytocheeronour representatives.

CARNIVALDANCE.

Justapreliminarywordabout ourbigcarnivalonEasterMondaynight.Thiswillbeourbiggestandbesteffortsofar,but moredetailslater.

CLAREMONTYCW CRICKET

OnSunday,9thMarch,SubiacodefeatedClaremontonthe firstinningsatHendersonPark. Claremontbattedfirstandwere dismissedfor69.Thisscorewas compiledmainlybyJ.Clune andLesDownie,whoscored27 and31notoutrespectively.The remainderoftheteamwasdismissedverycheaply.Thebest bowlersforSubiacowereTonkin 5for32andM.Lowrie2for5. SubiacoeasilypassedClaremont'sscore,totalling163.Best batsmenwereJohnLyonsand M.Lowrie,whoscored49and 21respectively.Thebestbowlers forClaremontwereK.deCourtenay4for20andW.Duxbury 2tor32.

SOCIALACTIVITIES

TheClaremontbranchwould liketoremindallthosewho arekeenondancingthattheir grandopeningcarnivalistobe heldonMarch17thatSt. 'flomas'Hall.Therearedozens ofattractions,includinganew orchestra.

CATHEDRALBRANCH

Itisourturntoinvitethe VictoriaParkbranchinfor IndoorSports.Thedayis18th ofMarch,theplacetheCathedralHall.Wehopetohavea goodnight'sentertainment;sup perwillalsobeserved. Cricket.

WeplayedVictoriaParkon theirhomegroundforthelast matchoftheseason.Webatted firstandgotofftoafairlygood ;tart.Theinningsclosedwith6 for83.Topscores:C.Cooper andP.Hayne15each,A.Hayne 10,andF.O'Sullivan21notout. VicParkthenwenttothebatCI-1gcrease.Theiropeningbats wentcheaply,butsolidsupport fromthosefurtherdownonthe listenabledthemtocompile85, althoughthisscoreisdisputed. Topscoresfortheopposition were:S.Quain17,K.Tondut andW.Quain15each.The bowlingforCathedralwas:K. O'Connor4for19,J.Brennan 2for21.Thebattingaverage for1947goestoP.Hoynewith anaverageof6for36average averagegoestoJ.Brennanwith anaverageof6for26,average 6.0;F.O'Sullivan12for6, average6.3;andK.O'Connor 8for76,average9.5.

Y.C.W.HIGHGATE Cricket.

OnSunday,Claremontwere unabletofieldateamowingto unforseencircumstances, so Highgateweredeclaredwinners ofitsdivision.Winnerofthe seconddivisionisMidland Junction,andamatchbetween thetwoteamswillbeplayed onthe23rdofthismonthto decidewhowilltakepossession ofthetrophyforthenext12 months.

Basketball.

Allthoseinterestedinbasketballareearnestlyrequestedto attendameetingintheParish HallonTuesday,18thofMarch at9.0p.m.

"APerfect

MissMaryMeares,M.B.E., rectorofHospitalVisitingfor RedCross,PraisestheLittleSietersatGlendalough.

ItwasonanafternoonofcoppersunsetthatMissMeares droveupunexpectedlytoGlendalough,tovisittheex-ServicementherewiththeRedCross parcelsthatplaysobigapartin ex-Servicemen'slives,inmaking themfeelcared-forandremembered,andinprovidingthose comfortssodeartotheirhearts: cigarettes,tobacco,acomb,handkerhciefs,shavinggear,and chocolatesorsweets.Outside theworldwiltedinthefiercerelentlessheat,butinsidewasa worldofcoolcomfortanddimness.

ThroughthecorridorsMiss Meareswastakentospotlesi dormitories,whererowsofbeds withsnowyquiltsonthem stretchedasfaraseyecouldsee, tothediningrooms,gleaming withcutlery,andwithaservietteineachplace.Vasesof flowersmadebrightislandsof colourdownthecentre.

Inthecommunityroomgroups ofpeoplegatheredinhappytalk. Somesatundertheshadeof trees,othersbegantheirevening stroll."Thisiscontentment," M'ssMearessaid.

Inanotherroomrowsofcupboardsfilledwithcleandarned clothesmettheeye.Everyold manhasthreesuits,pressed, andcaredfor,andcowl** withallaccessories.

Eacholdladyhasherownpersonaltouchofhomethere.Her photograph,herlittleshawl,her books.

"TheSnoringRoom."

Thentheycametoaroomof patternedsunlight,gaycurtains, andthreebedsinit."Thisis whereI'llcomewhenI'mtooold towork,"MissMearessaidhappily."WillyouhavemeBonne Mere?"

"Gladly,"saidBonneMere, "onlyIdon'tthinkthatwe'll giveyouthisroom.Thisis wherethesnorerssleep.Here theydon'tdisturbtheothers."

Ihaveoftenwonderedwhat therealmeaningoftheterm. "Growoldgracefully"meant.It canhavesomanymeanings. ButpersonallyIthinkthatI preferthismentalpictureto you?

ShentonPark

ST.PATRICK'SSOCIAL.

Asin1946,soagainthisyear, theCatholicWomen'sLeagueis organisingadelightfulsocial evening,totakeplaceinthe SchoolHall,Henry-street.MusicalitemsbysomeofPerth's leadingartistsanddancingtoexcellentmusic,willcaterfor youngandold.Theproceeds arefortheSeminaryBursary Fund-aworthycauseindeed.

Ticketsareonly1/6,available fromMrs.Kerman,142Keightley-road,Subiaco(Tel.W2197). Supperwillbeserved.Motto: MeetyouatHenry-streetoa Monday,March17.

Affectionsofanyofthefolkwingparts maybecausedbyNERVESImpinged atthesifInebysubbaxatedvertebra MAW EYES CAYS 7,?,:%,ChiropracticANS

CONSULT'fHEQUALIFIED CHIROPRACTORatMeLARENICHAMBERS.

144WILLIAMST.,PERTH.

'PhoneB2582.

WhyAreVocationson theDecline?

MatrimonyMustMinister toHolyOrder

Averydistressingfeatureof theChurchto-dayisitsappalling shortageofvocations,.Thesame sedstoryiseverywherethesame. Nunsarecomplainingthatthe lackofrecruitsiscrampingtheir work,thatthereareonlyoldor middleagednunsleft,andthat thesearebeingworkedtoa frazzlewithoutanyyoungreligioustorelievethemletalone replacethem.Clericalandlay ordersfindthemselvesunderstaffedandnotonlyunableto expand,butevenincapableof meetingtheirpresentcommitments.Bishopseverywhereare voicingtheirconcernoverthe dishearteningshortageofpriests atatimewhentheforcesof tvilarestrongestandmost active,andwhenavigorous clergyisneededtohelpand directaverymuchbewildered laity.

Andyet,rightinthemidstof thiswell-nighuniversaldrought ofvocationscomesthenewsthat asmallItaliantownofonly 3,000inhabitantsboastsof nearlythreehundrednativesons anddaughterscurrentlyinthe serviceoftheChurch.

Thosewhoareinterestedin suchthings-andweshouldall be-areintriguedbythis achievement.Whatisitthat Luhaswhichotherplaceshave not?Whatisitthatmakesso smallandsoinsignificantatown soprolificintruevocations whileotherlargerandpossibly betterlocalitieshavesofew?

Twentyyearsago,Monsignor VanRoey,thensecretarytothe greatCardinalMercierofMalines,andnowhimselftheCardinalArchbishopofMalines, askedhimselfthatsamequestion.Deemingthesubjectworth hiswhile,hedecidedtogotoLu andlookintothematterforhimself."Ifoundaveryordinary villagewithnoapparentsigns ofaparticularlyactiveandmilitantCatholiclife,"heafterwardsreportedindisappointment."But,"answeredFather Rinaldi,SuperiorGeneralofthe Salesians,andhimselfanative ofLu,"youcouldscarcelyexpect todiscoverthesecretinashort visit.Youwouldhavetoenter intothesanctumofthefamilies. Homelifeisheldingreathonourinthatvillage.Families arelargeandreligionisthe verylifeofthefamily."

Ifthisretortisjustified,our presentdearthofvocations wouldthenbeaterribleindictmentofthemodernfamily.If FatherRinaldispokethetruth, ourdiscouragingshortageof nuns,brothersandprieststo carryontheworkofGodinthe worldwouldbeonlyanotherof thecountlessfir-reachingeffects ofourcollapsedhome-life.

Oneisinclinedtoagreewith thosewhothinkthatFather 1Cnaldiputhisprobingfinger rightonthesoftspot.Somehowheseemstohavegoneto theveryrootofourtrouble. Vocationsareinshortsupply becauserealhomelifeisin shortsupply.

True,avocationisavirile thing;itcansurviveamideven themostadverseconditions. Yousee,whenGodcalls.He calls-withnotwowaysabout it!But,ontheotherhand,a vocationisaverydelicatething. Wemightcompareittoaplant thatisfirmandunshakeable whenfullgrown,butthatrequiresalltheshelteringofa greenhouseinitsearlystages. Anditisthisshelteredhot-house religiousatmospherethatcannot behadwhenthereisnoreal familylife;itisthisthatis missinginsomanyhomes,this

UkraniansinEngland

TheonlyGreekriteCatholic Bishopstillaliveandfreein EuropehasjustleftLondon alteraweek'sstaywithhis Ukraniancountrymen.

Americas,wheresomanyof theirfellowcountrymenhave settled.

thatmakesforourshortageof priests,brothersandnuns.

Thereare,Iamsure,comparativelyfewCatholichomes whereavocationwouldbedirectlystoodupto.Manymight prayagainstone;manymight nursethesecrethopethatGod's choicewillfallelsewherethan ontheirdarlingoffspring,but veryfewwilldaretodirectly pposeGod'swillinthematter.

Onceavocationhasmaturedit usuallyisaccepted,ifnotwith goodgrace,atleastwithouttoo muchdemur.

Butthereare,sadtotell,far toofewCatholichomeswhere theselectivefingerofGodwill findready-madeconditionsfora vocation,fartoofewwherea buddingcallwillfindthenecessarymediumforgrowthanddevelopment.Ofcourse,therecan benoquestionoffoistingavocationonachild.Goddeliver theChurchfromsuchunwilling acidungraciousservice!Nordo Imeanheretoadvocateapositivedirectactiononthepartof parentstoinfluencetheirchildrentowardsthecloth(though heavenknowswecoulddowith alittleofthis!)forifoverzealouslydonethiscanbeharmful,thoughinsnialldosesit usuallyisatremendousencouragementtoafrightened.child whofindsthecallofGodtoobig toface.

WhatIreallyhadinmindandwhatIgatherFatherRinaldi meantinhisconvincedanswer toMonsignorVanRoey-isthis Thequestionisnotsomuchthat parentsshouldsowtheseedof avocationasthattheyshould preparethegroundforGodto dothesowing.Inotherwords parentsmaycontributeanincrediblelottothecauseofvocationswithoutevenmentioning vocationtotheirchildren.By fosteringintheirhomesthetrue Catholicfamilyspirit,theywill, intheverybestwaypossible, preyarethegroundforGod's choice.

Ifspiritualvaluesarealways givenfirstplaceinthehome;if theChristianoutlookisalways gienprimeconsiderationinconductandmorals;ifnuns,brothersandpriestsarerespectedas thechosenonesofGodinstead ofbeingrundownasunfaithful servants;ifavocationisspoken ofasathingtobeadmiredand desired;iftheSacramentsare treatedasGod'sinfinitegiftsto us,assomethingtocapitaliseon; iffrequentCommunionistheacceptedthing;iffrequentconfessionismadeouttobethe onlysanewaytoagoodlifeifallthesethings,andathousandmoresuch,pbtaininahome, wecanreadilyunderstandhow achild'ssoulwillbemoulded. howhewillbewelldisposedtowardseventhefaintesthintof acallfromGod.Therewillhave beennoviolence,nounduepressure,nocoercionwhatsoever. No!justtheperfectpassivity forGod'sselectiveactivityto workon.

!AltathatgenuineChristian 'amilyatmospherebecomesgen- eral,I'mafraidwearegoingto goonwantingvocations.Let thisbeapleatothosewhoare justbeginningtheirmarriedlife andstarting,ahomeoftheirown. PutGodfirstinallthings,and liveaccordingly.Thentratin yourchildrentoliveaccordingly, andthenGodwillbeableto stoopdownoveryourhomeand knowthatHehasbuttopoint Hisfingertofeelthepulseof anexultantheartreadytofollow Hiscalldespitethemanysacrificesinvolved.Godspeedthe daywhenthatcanhappen. Heavenknowsthatweneedall thevocationswecangetl

HeisMgr.Buczko,recently appointedApostolicVisitortothe Ukranians.Hisjurisdiction,in hisownwords,extends"from theNorthPoletotheSouth Pole."

BishopBuczkobroughtbetter newsthanhasbeenreceivedfor sometimefromCentralEurope.

AllsevenBishopsoftheGreek CatholicChurch---Ukranianswho observetheByzantineRite-have beenreporteddead,butitis nowthoughtthattwoarestill alive.

InJuneaUkrainiannunmanagedtogetintotheprison camp.Writingincarefullyveiledtermsonapostcardshedescribedhowshehadfound "Grandfather"---whowasalive butnowblindanddeaf--and "Father."Thecardwassmuggledthroughhalfadozencountries,andpassedthroughmany handsbeforereachingthe UkrainianCollegeinRomejust heforeChristmas.

Itisnotconsideredsafe publishtheBishops'names detailsoftheprisoncamps.

Nownomorecangetpastthe ironcurtainfromtheirown country,but40havebeenreleasedfromcampsinItaly wheretheyhavebeenclassedas "surrenderedenemypersonnel." Theyhave,ofcourse,nomoney oftheirown.

TheHolySeehasbeenmaintainingthecollegesincethe Ukrainehasbeenoccupiedby Russia.

EUROPEANTOUR.

FromEngland,BishopBuczko ccntinuesonatourofFrance, Belgium,HollandDenmarkbeforereturningtoRome.Hewent straighetfromLondontoLille toconsecrateachurchwhich

CardinalLienarthasgivenover completelytotheUkrainians whosettledthereafterthelast war,. His'Eminencehasalsopresentedamagnificentikonaetasis asapersonalgifttothenew parish.

Fr.JacobPerridonisaccompanying.BishopIiticzkoonhis tour.Fr.PerridonisHisLordship'sdelegateinBritain. Nostrangerhere,hehasbeen visitingManchesteratintervals tosayMassintheByzantine RiteatSt.Chad'sformanyyears.Hislastvisit---andhis firstsincethewar---wasin October. professorTheBishopwashistheology whenhewasastudent inLwow.

Cardinal'sPracticalAdvicetoParents

Bothfatherhoodandmotherhoodarerealvocations,said (ardinalGriffinrecentlywhenheaddressedtheNottinghamCatholicCouncil. "Familylifewillbestrengthened,"saidHisEminence,"when parentshaveahighsenseoftheirvocation."

TheCardinal'saddresswas entitled"Rebuildingthe Bridges."Thematerialismofthe past20yearsandthewar,he toslid,havedestroyedmany orbridgesinournationallife.

BishopBuczkoisneitherdead norlanguishinginaSoviet prisonwithhisfellowBishops becauseofajourneyhehadto takein1939.Twomonthsbefore theoutbreakofwarheleft Lwow,wherehewasAuxiliary Bishop,forSouthAmericaas ApostolicVisitortotheUkrainiansthere.

Unabletoreturn,in1941he finallyreachedRomebywayof NewYork.Sincethenhehas livedattheUkrainianCollegeahugewhitebuildinghighup ontheJaniculumHilloverlookingtheVaticanGardens.Heremainedthereundisturbedduring theGermanoccupationforthe collegehasextra-territorial

ANDERS'MEN.

DuringhisstayinEngland BishopBuczkohasbeenenquiringintothepossibilityofestablishingUkrainian"parishes" hereforrefugees.Manysoldiers andcivilianscameoverwhen GeneralAnders'armywasdisbanded.

Therearefourchaplainswho sayMass--inOldSlavonic---in thecampsintheByzantineRite, buttherearenoUkrainian churches.

Now,St.Chad'sinManchester istobetheir"parishchurch." HerealittleUkrainiancolony settledintheearly1900s,and itisinthischurchthatthey havehadMassintheirownrite wheneveravisitingUkrainian priestshouldcome.

BishopBoczkowastheguest oftherector,Fr.J.J.Kelly,for theUkrainianChristmason January7.ObservingtheJulian Calendar,theyarealways13 daysbehindus. Achoirof120Ukrainiansoldiersfromnearbycampssang attheMass.

BishopMarshallhadthennusualexperienceofkneeling amongthecongregation.He chosethebackbench.

BishopBuczkospokewarmly ofMgr.Marshall'skindnessand help.Whenaskedifitwouldbe possibleforhisUkrainian brother-Bishoptocallandsee him,HisLordshipsentamessagesaying"Hewillbetoo busytocome.Iwillgotosee him."

TWO-ROOM'PRESBYTERY"

St.Chad'swillnowactasa kindofhost-churchtothe Ukrainians.Oneofthechaplains---Fr.StefanKolankowskyi ---istosetupalittlepresbytery intworoomsintheUkrainian SocialClubassoonasthenecessarymilitaryformalitiesare completed.

Hewillthenhavesettimes eachdayforcelebratingMassin St.Chad'sintheByzantineRite andforhearingconfessions.

Speakingwithdeepfeelingof Britain'ssupport,BishopBuczko toldmethatSomeoftheBishops ofEnglandandWaleshaveUndertakentopayfortheeducationofUkrainianseminarists.

ThestudentsinRomeatthe outbreakofwararenowordainedandhavegonetothe

"Iammostlyconcerneda'..it ',ledestructionoffamilylife rodhowwecanrebuildit.In thefirstplace,marriagehas ceasedtoberegardedin'stalky quartersasasacredcontact,or whatwecallasacrament.

"Veryoftenithasbeenenreduponwithlittleornopiepsrationandwithouttheproper understandingofitsspiritual meaning.

"Evenafterpartieshaveread,: thesolemncontractfollowing moderntendencies-whichregard contractsasofnobindingforce andthepledgedwordasoflittle valuethesacredbondofmarriagehasbeendisregarded "Theresulthasbeenabreakupofthefamilyandabreakdowninfamilyrelations.Ispeak withknowledgeofthesethings becauseforyearsIwasengaged inanattempttosalvagechildren fromwreckedhomes.

"Theevilbeginswhenhusband andwife,havingdivorcedthemselvesfromGod,ceasetohave anyregardforHislaws.Great asthedisasteristothem,itis muchmoreseriousforthechildren.

DELINQUENCY

Mentioningjuveniledelinquency,theCardinalsaidthatit beginsinthehomefromlackof parentalcare.

"Veryoftenjuveniledelinquencyisaresultofdisunity betweentheparentsandalack ofappropriateandsuitabledirectionofthechildren.

"Wearenot,however.foolish enoughtodenytheexistenceof originalsin,orofthewickedness thatexistsinhumannature.We knowofmanychildrenwho, thoughbroughtupwithgreat careandinexcellentsurroundings,haveinlaterlifethrough theirownfaultgonecompletely astray.

"Oneofthegravestproblems thatfacesthiscountryatthe presentdayistheincreasein divorce.Ihavealreadystated thatdivorceisdefeat.

"WhenoprLordwasasked aboutmarriageandinsistedthat manandwifeshouldbefaithful untodeath,theApostlesarguedthatifsuchwerethecaseit wouldbebetterformenand womennottomarry.

"OurLord'sdiiectionwasto letthosemarrywhowillbutthat manandwifecouldnotbe faithfulwithoutHishelp;but thatthishelpwouldalwaysbe forthcoming.

ADEQUATEHELPS

"Godneveraskstheimpossibly;tothinkotherwiseis blasphemous.IfHemeansman andwifetoremainfaithfulunto deathHewillgivethemadequatehelpstoenablethemto dothis.

"YouknowtheChurchsteachingoncontraceptionandthat theuseofcontraceptivesisforbiddenbythelawofGod.Here again,forthosecoupleswhoare afraidofhavingchildren,Onr Lord'sreplywouldbe,'Seekye firstthekingdomofGodand Hisjusticeandallthesethings willbeaddeduntoyam'

"IfGodprovidesforthebirds intheairandtheflowersinthe field,willHenotalsoprovide forthechildrenHesends?

"Theprocessofrebuilding willonlyreallycommencewhen Partnersinmarriageandmembersofthefamilyreturnto God.Secondly,wemustrediscovertheessentialrelationshipbetweentheStateandthe family.

"TheStateexiststoassist citizensintheperformanceof theirduties,nottoremoveresponsibility.Thechildbelongsfirstandforemosttothepar- entsandsecondlytotheState.

"Itisborntobecomeacitizen ofheaventhroughbeingamemberofafamilyandacitizenof thisworld.

"Thirdly,theremustbea properbalanceofrelationship establishedbetweenthedifferent membersofthefamily,husband, wifeandchildren.

"Husbandsandwivesarepartnersintheworkofbringingup theirchildrenandintheirturn childrenhavetheobligationof respectandobediencetotheir parents.

"Familylifewillbestrength- enedwhenparentshaveahigh senseoftheirvocation. One hearssomuchaboutmotherand child,butverylittleaboutfather andchild.Bothfatherhoodand motherhoodarerealvocations.

"Wehavesuggestedpreviously thevalueandneedofeducation inparenthood.Thisisagreat vocationandyetistoooftenundertakenwithlittleornopre- paration.Thefinestpreparation, ofcourse,isthatlearnedina Christianhome,withthegood exampleofamotherandfather.

"Itisalsoofgreatimportancethattherelationshipbetweenhusbandandwifeshould beclearlyunderstoodandestablished.

"Thereareboundtobedifficultiesasthereareinallhuman relationshipsbecausewelivein animperfectworld,andwehave constantlytoovercomeourown self-assertivenessandselfishness.Butveryoftensuchdifficultiescanbeovercomebothby frankdiscussionandco-operationofathirdparty."

THEMOTHER

Dealingwiththepositionof themotherwithalargefamily, theCardinal,said:

"Sheneedsourhelpmorethan oursympathyandsheneeds somerelaxationfromtheoneroustaskofcaringforher children.

"Bothlocalauthoritiesand voluntaryorganisationsshould uniteinprovidinghelp.

"I'knowthatthemoreenlightenedlocalhealthauthorities providehomehelpsincasesof sicknessandconfinement,andI shouldliketoseetheseservices availablealsoformotherswith largefamilies.

"Tshouldalsoliketoseethat finespiritofhelpandservice whichinspiredneighboursdur ingthewartohelponeanother intheirproblemsanddifficulties continuethroughoutthepostwaryears.

"Secondly,followingtheexamplegiveninthenorth,weare establishingahouseinthesouth ofEnglandtowhichmothers maygoforarest."

missioninthefifthcentury.ThenIrelandwasliftedout twinpaganism,andsawtheeternaltruthandbeautyof Catholicism.Shehasneverlostnordimmedthatvision. NorhasshehoardedthattreasureinselfishnessorcomplacencyliketheunprofitableservantoftheParable.'She naswrittenthenameofChristlargeuponGreatBritain, AmericaandAustralia.ItisbutfittingthatweinAustraliashouldeverreverethePatronSaintofIreland.for :ohimandhischildrendoweowethepeerlessheritage oftheFaith.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheApostleofIreland

MondayistheFeastofSt.Patrick,theNationalSaint utIreland,whosememorytheIrishracehashonouredand cherishedthroughfifteencenturies.TheSaintwasnotborn, however,inthelandhewastoevangelise,butwasbrought thereacaptiveattheageof16byIrishmarauders.During sixyearsofslaveryasashepherdhismindwasturned stronglytoGod,andevenafterhisreturnhomeandduring the35years9fhiswanderingsthroughGaul,Italy,and theMediterraneanislands,thevoiceofthepeopleofIrelandseemtoclamourtohim."Wepraythee,holyyouth, tocomeandwalkoncemoreamongus."Butthetime wasnotopportune,inthehiddenwaysofGod,forthe commencementofhisapostolate.Intheinterim,Patrick wastrainedinthegreatmonasticcentresofGaul,under suchmastersasSt.Martinof.Tours;St.Germanus.andSt. Honorat.Patrickwasatanagewhenmostmenareretirii.gfromactivelifewhenthecallcametohimfromPope Celestinetogo,attheageof60,andpreachtheGospel inIreland.Straightawayhesetoutonhisdivinemission, andashejourneyedtodelivertheGospeltidingstothe KingsofTara,hecomposedandsangthefamous"BreastPlateofSt.Patrick,"thearmourthatwouldshieldhim inhisconflictwithpaganism.For60yearshelaboured indefatigablythroughoutIreland,anddyingleftthema legacywhichtheyhaveneversquandered.

TwofeaturesofSt.Patrick'sapostolateareespecially striking.Inthefifthcentury,whenPatrickreceivedhis commissionfromPopeCelestine,theChurchwasbeset bytheterribleheresiesofl'elagiusandNestor.Allthe learningandsanctitywhichtheChurchpossessedwas thrownintothedefencelines.ItwastheageofChrysostom,AmbroseandAugustine,whosesplendidpolemics preservedtheintegrityoftheChurch'sownhousehold. Insuchanageandinsuchacrisis,Patrickwascalledby theVicarofChristtowinanewnationtothefaith.St. Palladiushadprecededhiminthisfieldandfailed.Bythe graceofGod,however,Patrick,evenintheeveningof hisdays,passedoverthecountry,preachingstrangedoctrinesandnewwaysoflife.Thepeopleofthattime listenedtohimwithreverence,werefascinated,andfinally yieldedtohimwithoutoppositionorbloodshed.Patrick hadwonIrelandfortheFaith.Thesecondnoteworthy pointofthelifeofSt.Patrickisthestrongsimilarity betweenhimselfandSt.Paul.Inbothcasesthereare wonderfulvisions,heavenlymessages,andthecommission topreachtoapaganpeople.Thetextureofbothlives isstronglyinterwovenwiththelastingthreadsofaprofoundhumility.Paulwroteofhimselfasthe"leastof theapostles,"and"chiefofsinners."Patrickopenshis i.itimate"Confessions"withthe"IPatrick,asinner." Thesameemphaticcharacterandfearlessnessismanifested inthewritingofthetwogreatApostles.Lastly,theresultsofPatrick'slabourranknexttoSt.Paul'sintheir fruitfulnessandpermanency.

St.PatrickwentasaforeignertoIreland,carryingto hisapostolatenoeminentscholasticattainmentsornatural genius.Hispreachingwasnotofthe"popular"order; indeed,hehadtoopposerelentlesslypopularprejudice andthevanityofawarlikenation.Yetlookingbackover the60yearsofhislabours,hewasoverwhelmedbythe transformationthathadbeeneffected."WhoamI,"he claims,inthe"Confessions,""orwhatismyprayer,0 Lord,WhohasmadeknowntomesitmuchofThy divinity?"TheconversionofIrelandasanhistoricalfact isuniqueinChristianhistory,andcannotbeinanyway explainedapartfromsupernaturalinfluence.Thefaithof theIrishpeopleisalivingwitnesstothesupernatural. Patrickhaddonehisworkwithsuchcompletenessthat heneedednosuccessorinit.Fiftyyearsafterhisdeath, whenIrelandbecametheasylumforthescholarswhofled fromthebarbarianinvadersoftheContinent,theyfound intheIrishChristiansaneagernessforprofaneknowledge. Equippedwiththefaithanditshandmaiden,knowledge. IrishapostlesbegantopouroutfromIrelandto.spread thelightoftheGospelamongtheforestsofGaulandGermany,andtotheirmissionaryeffortswasduetherevitalisinginNorthernItaly,whichhadbecomeenervatedby thepoisonofArianism.

TheChurchwhichSt.PatrickfoundedinIrelandwas theOne,Holy,CatholicandApostolicChurch,inunion withtheSeeofRome.PatrickwascommissionedbyPope Celestine,and"PatricktheBishop,wasapprovedinthe CatholicFaith"byhissuccessor,St.Leo.Butthework ofSt.Patrickisnomereantiquarianstudyofhistorical memory.Itjivesandbreathesto-day;palpitatingwith thelifehegaveit.TheFaithinIrelandto-dayformsa vitalchainwiththefervourandconstancyofPatrick's

LegionofMotu

BankofN,S,W.Chambers, 65St,George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters),

EXPOSITION:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacra. mentisheldeverysThersdayinthe LegionofMaryChapel,atthe aboveaddress.Acordialinvite. LionisextendedtoallLegionaries, ActiveandAuxiliary,andtothe Catholicpeopleingeneral,topay avisitduringtheday.Exposition commencesafter8a.m.Mass,and concludeswithBenedie.ionat120 p.m.

ROSARY.

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40and againat1.30p.m.MakeapracticeofvisitingtheChapelforthe recitationofyourdailyRosary.

TheLuncheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 m. Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.Thinsee. viceisavailabletoall,andbusiness ;irisareespeciallyinvitedtospend theirlunchhourinthehappyenvironmentoftherooms.

WARTIMEDISPENSA.

TIONFROMABSTINENCE TOCEASE.

ThedispensationfromAbstinencewhichasawar. timeprivilegehasbeenoper. stingintheArchdiocese,will ceaseasfromAshWednesday(February19th.)ofthis year.Onandfromthatdate thelawofabstinencefrom meatonFridaysandother prescribeddayswillagainbe inforce.

B 44 LentenRegulations,1947

SUMMARYOFTHEREGULATIONSFORFAST ANDABSTINENCE.

1.OnFASTdays,thoseboundtofastareallowed onefullmealatmid-dayorintheevening.Inaddition, theyareallowedtwolightmeals-oneofabouteight ounces,andtheotheroftwo-orthreeounces.Anykind offood,andhenceevenfleshmeat,maybeusedatall threemealsprovided,atthetwosmallmeals,thelimitof eightandtwoorthreeounces,respectively,benotexceeded.

2.OnABSTINENCE(lays,fleshmeatandmeatsoup areforbidden.

3.Lardanddrippingmaybeusedondaysofabstinence,prcividedtheybe'usedmerelyasacondimentorseasoning.

4.Friday,unlessitbeaHolidayofObligation,isa dayofabstinence.

5.AshWednesdayandtheFridaysinLentandEmberWeeksaredaysoffastandabstinence.

6.Mondays,Tuesdays,Wednesdays,Thursdaysand SaturdaysinLent,andtheWednesdaysandSaturdaysin QuarterTensearedaysoffastwithoutabstinence.

7.ThereisnofastorabstinenceonSundaysorHolidaysofobligation.

8. St.Patrick'sDayisexemptfromfast;ifitfalls onaFriday,itisnotexemptfromtheabstinence.

9.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirseventhyearare boundbythelawofabstinence.

10.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirtwenty-firstyear areboundbythelawoffasting;theyceasetobebound byitwhentheyhavebeguntheirsixtiethyear.

11.Thosewhoareindelicatehealthorwhoareengagedinexhaustingwork,arenotboundtofast.Ofcourse. thosewhoareseriously'illarenotboundbyeitherfastor abstinence.

12.OnthedaysmentionedinNo.6,thosewhoare notboundtofastarenotlimitedbythelaweitherastothe qualityorquantityofthefoodtheywishtotake.

13.TheLentenFastandAbstinenceceaseatnoonon HolySaturday.

-ahniralleividatite

ArchbishopofPerth.

DEATHS.

BENDON.-OnMarch11th,

1947,suddenly,JohnJames Bendon,of43JutlandParade, Dalkeith,dearly-lovedhusband ofthelateHannahMaria Bendon,belovedfatherof Frank,CatherineJosephine (Mrs.C.J.Cooper),Mary (Mrs.LesO'Neill)andJohn James(KilledinAction,New Guinea,1944).Aged72years.

RequiescatinPace.

PENDON.-0.March11th, 1947,suddenly,JohnJames, dearly-belovedfatherofFrank, lovedfather-in-lawofJulia anddearly-lovedgrandfather ofMary.

RequiescatinPace.

BENDON.-OnMarch11th, 1947,suddenly,JohnJames, dearly-lovedand devoted fatherofKitty.

RequiescatinPace.

BENDON.-OnMarch11th, 1947,suddenly,JohnJames, dearly-belovedfatherofJosephine,lovedfather-in-lawof Charles Cooper, beloved grandfatherofBrian,Margaret,andMarie.

RequiescatinPace.

BENDON.-OnMarch11th, 1947,suddenly,JohnJames, dearly-belovedfatherofMary, lovedfather-in-lawofLes O'Neill,deargrandfatherof Denis,Loretta,Rodney,and Colin. RequiescatinPace. Eternalrestgrantuntohim, 0Lord, AndmayPerpetualLight shineuponhim.

INMEMORIAM.

ROWE..--Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulof ourdearMotherandGrandmotherAnnieRowe,whose anniversaryoccurson11th March. SweetJesus,havemercy onhersoul. Insertedbyherdaughter,Mrs. W.D.Smith,andfamily,and sonJim.

WANTED.

CatholicBusinessWomanrequiresUnfurnishedRoom,conveniences,centralposition;Cathedralparishpreferred.Referencessupplied.Apply"Anxious" thisoffice.

WANTEDURGENTLY

R.C.TraineeChemist(still studying),requiresBoard.etc., ptivateroom.Replythisoffice.

ACCOMMODATION

....YOUNGCOUPLE,babyexpectedJune,requireS.C.as whileawaitingown homebeingbuilt.RepliestoJ.F., RecordOffice,Perth.

ST.PATRICK'SDAY.

SolemnHighMassinSt. Mary'sCahedral,at9a.m.on Monday,March17. ConcertofIrishmusic,song anddancing,attheCapitolTheatre,onSunday,March16,at (1.45p.m.BookingsatNicholson'sonprecedingMonday.

ARCHBISHOP&PRIESTS

TOBROADCAST

The"PlainChristianityfor Everyman"session,which WebroadcastontheNational programmefrom9.15tolei p.m.onSunday.23rdinst.,will beconductedbyArchbishop DuhigofBrisbane.

TheDailyDevotionalService at12noononFriday,21stinst., willbetakenbyRev.Wilfred Ryan,S.J.,ofSouthAustralia, and'onFriday,28th(byRev. FatherWilfredRyan,S.J.,of SouthAustralia,andonFriday, 28thinst.),byRev.FatherMcGoldrick,ofQueensland.

AMONSTERCARNIVAL

DANCE in CATHEDRALHALL on MONDAY,APRIL7th, at8p.m.

OrganisedbyCathedralbranches N.C.G.M.-Y,C.W. LuckySpot. Tickets2/-.

iseriminations

PlayReviews

"LifeWithFather"

PerthProductionofFamousPlay

runattheMinervaTheatre, Sydney. Thesefactsmakeithardto findanexplanationforthepoor businesstheshowisdoingin Perth.Itmaybethatmanyof theplay-goingpublichavehad theirenthusiasmshort-circuited byseeingthePatchproduction of'LifeWithFather"inthis citytwoorthreeyearsago.On thatoccasionIdaBeebymadea finejoboftheroleofVinnie, thewife,andPooleJohnsonand ArthurHendersonMosesshared thehonoursasFather,playing alternately.

VIRGINIABARTON

"LifeWithFather"isoneof thosetoo-fewstorieswhich, beingfashionedoutofthevery stuffofhumannature.areequallydelightfulasbook,playor film.

Theplay,constructedbyHowardLindsaydandRusselCrouse, isnowbeingperformedatHis Majesty'sTheatre,Perth,under theauspicesofWhitehallProductionsinassociationwithSir BenjaminFuller.Thefilmrights arereputedtohavebeensold fortherecordpriceof2,000,000 dollars.

TheplayisbasedonClarence Day'stomeconcerninghisNew Yorkchildhood,Mr.Day,senr., isoneofthoseirascibleyetlovableheadsofthehousewho, whilesecretlyfondoffamily life,thinkitpropertomaintain thecharacterandreputationof anogre.Hiswife,hisyoung sonsandparticularlyhisdomes ticstaff,stand---ormustappear stand---indreadofhim.

"WhenIopemylips,let-no dogbark!"isthedictumguiding Fatherinallhisconduct.He getsawaywithitagooddeal, buthisnoisyrantingactually cutsverylittleicewithhie cleverandunderstandingwife, andFathermeetshismatch,too, whenhecomesupagainsta medicowhowillnotbeintimidated.

Thespiceofthestoryisthe humourdistilledintheprocess oftamingFatherandreducing histantrumstomeretomfool ery.Aconstantwarofattrition iswagedagainstFatherbythe wifewhomheadoresandher subtle,shiftingtacticseventuallyresultinhisbeingledtothe watersofbaptism,onwhichnote theplayendsfittingly.

IIROADWAYSTARS

Threepeopleconnectedwith thecurrentproductionhavebeen speciallyimportedfromthe U.S.A.,where"LifeWith Father"isstillrunninginits eighthyear.TheyareJohn Hayden,theproducer.Leonard Lord,whoplaysFather,and VirginiaBarton,hisspouse.All thesehavehadplentyofexperienceinthetheatricalworld sndtheirversionof"LifeWith Father"hasjusthadarecord an0441,11PIWP44.0.41-

COMINGUNIVERSITY SHOW

TheUniversityDramaticSociety'scurtain-raiserforthe yearis"AcaciaAvenue"acomedybyConstanduros,inthree acts.ItisproducedbyConstance Spurway,andthecastincludes NevilleTeede,FlorenceHughes, BruceWarrell,JacquelineKott, AnneMaitland,RonStrahan, JohnOldham,HelenBurnsand RobinChennell-Smith.Itistobe presentedintheAssemblyHall, Pier-street,onMarch27th,28th and29th.

Itismorelikely,however, thatsomethinghasgoneamiss withthepublicityandbuild-up allottedtotheplayforitsPerth season,orthatthenameof Fullerdoesnotconjureupas muchmagicasthesealofJ. C.WilliamsonLtd."What'sin aname?"isaflippancythat lacksbuoyancyintheshow business.

Othercontributingfactorsmay hethespateofentertainment nowengagingpeople'senergies (theCircushascornereda goodlyportionofthemarket), thefairlystiffadmissioncharge, and,lastly,certaindefectsin theproductionitself.Thislast mustbelargelydiscountedbecausemuchworseshowshave "goneover,"andalsobecause thepublicisnotnotablydiscriminatingatanytime.Itis nonewthingforanappalling showtoberushedasifitwere top-notch;conversely,ifthereis norushattheoutset,itisindeedabadomen,andtheshow willneedtobeextraordinarily goodtocounteracttheeffectof abadstart.

AGREATPLAY

"LifeWithFather"isoneout ofthebag.AsIsatandwatchedatHisMajesty'sTheatreon thethirdnightofitsshowingI wasimpressedwithitspossibilities---andsomewhatdepressed fromtimetotime,especially early,bysomeinadequaciesof castingandproduction.

Theopeningscenewasdull. Fatherwasgivenagrandbuildup,butwhenLeonardLord walkedonstagehewasnotat allfearsome;nordidhefor sometimeseizethefullimport ofhischaracter.Heseemedto betakingthingsmuchtooeasily,notlendinganycredenceat alltotheviewthathewasexplosiveandcantankerousand awe-inspiring.Astheplaypro- gressedhewarmedupinhis work,butthetendencytoplay atatemposlowerthanthe linesdemanded---atendencyaccentuatedbyhissoftAmerican

LEONARDLORD

drawl---remainedwithhimtoo long.

Theseremarksconcerning Mr.Lord,derogatoryasthey aretohisperformance,mustnot beallowedtoobscurehisvery goodandpolishedworkinother directions.Heisquiteevidently anaccomplishedactor,ispossessedofacharmingvoiceand excellentappearance,andwas mostadeptatrevealinginsubtleandappealingwayshisunderlyingloveforhiswife.He hasagoodsenseofcomedy,and Icanquitewellimaginethat amongthe500roleshehasplayedtherehavebeenmanyoutrightwinners.

VirginiaBartonisamuch malignedwoman.OurcontemporariesinPerthinafewunbalancedinchesofspacehave dismissedherworkcoldlyand, Ishouldsay,unfairly.She,like therestofus,hasherfaults, andshemayhavehadthem moreabundantlyontheopening night;butIcannotbelievethat inarolewithwhichsheisnow familiartherecouldbevariationssufficientlymarkedtowarranttheunfeelingreceptionaccordedher.Sheobviouslyhas muchtalent;onecoulddeduce thisbeforeseeingherfromthe factthatshewasselectedto playsecondleadtoElizabeth Bergnerin"TheTwoMrs.Car rolls."Onthethirdnightof "LifeWithFather,"whenIsaw her,sheplayeddelightfullyand withgreatpoise.Sheisunlucky inhavingavoicewhichdoesnot assisther,butsincerityandintelligenceshehasinplenty.

PeterMendoza,whoimpressed greatlywhenseenherelastyear in"KissandTell,"hasthepart oftheeldestson,Clarence.Althoughadequate,heisnotas outstandingasontheoccasion justmentioned.Hehascertainly moretocontendwithnow,being inamuchclassierfield.

MinorrolesweretakenbyEric Reiman,ShirleyHall,Doreen Barron,HarryHall,DonaldHall, MaxwellAlexander, Madge Searcy,DorothyDunckley,LesterSimms,ShirleyGeddes, GlenysEdwards,LloydPrider, JoyLewis.

Thedecorwasnotuniformly attractive.

ProductionwasbyJohn Hayden. ----DEGUSTIBUS.

"Pego'MyHeart19

DelightfulComedyatCathedralHall (ByK.F.W.)

TheCathedralPlayershave threepeopletothankforan entertainingperformanceof "Peg0'MyHeart,"atpresent showinginPerth. J.HartleyMannerswrotethe play,andwroteitsowellthat eventhemostwoodenacting andcarelessproductioncouldnot killitsdelightfulfreshness. Bothweretriedunsuccessfully onSaturdaynight.Theplayhas alltheingredientsofafirstclassmusicalcomedy-fast-moving,humorousdialogue,asweet youngthingproposedtoby everymaleinthecast,atitled youngbeauwhoeventuallywins herhand,andaclown-type comedianplayedadmirablyby RonEvans.

Theboisterous,buffooninterpretationofAlaricChichester needsnoapology,asitwasa necessarypartofthisproduction.Hisappearanceonstage wasasignforrenewedinterest bytheaudience,wholeftthe

"Jeannie" RepertoryClub'sExcellentBeginning

TheRepertoryClub's1947 seasonhasbeengivenanausviciousstartbythecurrentpro _actionofAimeeStuart's -Jeannie,"aplaywhichhas enjoyedmuchsuccessinLondon.

TheplaydeservestobesuecesafulinPerth,too,asthe Repertoryversioniswellproduced,wellactedandwelldressedbyunusualdecorplannedand executedbySydneyDavis.

Moreandmorepeopleshould seethisshow,asitmayeasily bealongtimebeforetheatreloverswillseeacharacterstudy asremarkableandasamusing asMarjorieSteelSmith'srenderingoftheScottishlass, Jeannie,whoisfreedfromdomesticdrudgeryforabrief spacebythedeathofhermean, unimaginativefather(neatlydepictedbyJamesOttaway)and goesoffonaContinentalholiday firantedbythe£200surprisingly leftbyherparent.

OnhertravelsJeanniemakes theacquaintanceofStanleySmith,aYorkshirebusinessman whoisdestinedtoaccompany herthroughmanyvicissitudes untilfinallyhemarriesherback inScotland.

NATURALHUMOUR

"Jeannie"isacomedybecauseJeanniemakesitso withherinnumerablefauxpas bornoutofignoranceofhow toconductherselfinthegrand mannerbefittingherchanged environment.Althoughengulfed inthesocialswirloftheHotel Splendide,Vienna,shedill thinksandactsintermsofthe trainingimposedonherbyher humbleupbringing;andifMr. Smith,nostrangertotheways oftheidlerich,thoughhimself notoneofthemwishestoorder champagneandcaviare,then Jeannieisdeterminedtopay herhalf-shareofthecost.If Mr.Smithtipsawaiter'halfa crownonJeannie'sbehalf,then Jeanniemustrepayatthevery leasttotheextentofone-andthreepence.Shecombinesanin-

tationbyembarrassingcarelessness.Anyproducernormally payssomeattentiontotheopeningandclosingscenesofhis play."Peg0'MyHeart"opens withabangandconcludeson thehappynoteofPrince Charmingwinningthelovable tomboyofthepiece.OnSaturdaynightthetelegram,which openedtheplaywithnewsof hefamily'sfinancialruin, ausedasmuchflurryasan antinasugarbowl.Theplay endedinaseriesofthunderclapsturningthesceneintoa confusedmixtureofmimeand murmuroverwhichthecurtain wasthankfullydrawn.Onone earlierocci-sionanimportant scenebetweenPegandJerry vasalsodrownedbythunder.

I'mnotaloneinmyadmirationfor"Peg0'MyHeart"as aplay.Itiswrittenentertaininglyandismeanttobereally goodfun.Theaudiencecertainlylaughed,butonmybended kneeIasktheproducertolet hisaudienceenjoyittothefull.

bt shrewdnessandready tonguewithhernaivety,andsa, asshesaysherself,sheisalwaysabletoholdherown.

THEACTING

TheactinghonoursgonaturallyanddeservedlytoMarjorieSteelSmith,whomIhavenever seeninbetterform.HerGlasgow accentispleasingtotheear, wellsustainedandnotsobroad astobecomeatanytimeunintelligible.Herflairforunforced comedyiskneadedintoherpro- foundstudyoftheroleofJeanniewithrareartistry.Hereis aso-calledamateurwhosework inthisplayisprofessionalin thehighestsense.

AsStanleySmith,themale iced,JamesKempseemstohave foundsomethingwhichsuitshis temperament,dispositionand abilitymoreadequatelythan anythingelseIhaveseenhim attempt.Hemakesaconvincingportrayalofthisdour,prac- ticalYorkshireman,andIcannotreadilythinkofanyonein Perthwhocouldhandlethepart better.Hisaccent,too,issustainedanduniform., Goodminorpartsareturned inbyErnestClarke-Parker,LesleyOliver,DaisyLogan,DouglasDainandKerryThomson.James Ottaway'scontributionhasalreadybeenmentioned.Othersin thelargecastareLornaBooth, PatVanIfs,MichaelEustace, NormanSisson,GordonHunt, ConstanceSpencer,Christine Neale,MaryaWelsh.

HowardSmith,theproducer, hasmuchcauseforgratification. Theonlyseriousweaknessin production---and,owingtothe play'sconstruction,itislargelyunavoidable-isthedragbetween scenes.Therearetoomany scenesandtoomanydelays,consequentlycontinuityisimpaired. Thestylisedandfunctionalseta bySydneyDavisarenovel,colourfulandarresting.TheCables oftheHotelSplendide,Vienna, isparticularlygood.

---DEGUSTIBUS.

Racinggoodlinesatdisconcertingspeedisanunforgivablesin andneverresultsinasmooth performancefromtheaudience's pointofview.Toomanylines disappearedonafallinginflec lionorwerelostinamazeof generaldialogue;afaultwhich shouldquicklyreboundonthe earsofanyproducer.Inacity wherepublictastehasstillto beeducatedtothetheatreitis apitytoseesuchlackofdiscernmentinproduction.Some stagemovements,andonelight- ingeffectinparticular,alsorevealedclumsiness.

WilliamBrown,asusual,delightedinhisroleofJarvis;and KeithSpruhanplayedhisfirst sceneadmirably.Othersinthe castwereJoyceRiley,Celia Reith,BarbaraBriggs,Frank O'GradyandWilliamDixon. Therewerealsotwodogs-Jock andSalty.Productionandhand somedecorwerebyCyrilRiley.

Theplayistoberepeatedon 13-15thMarchinclusivein CathedralHall,Murray-street.

theatreonthefriendliest of termswiththislikeableidiotwho hadentertainedthemsowell.

Thirdly,ourcongratulatielfs toRhonaEdgar.Herplayingof Peginsailorcostumewasa mostpleasingcombinationof impishnessandvivacity.Hearingherinfectiouslaughand watchinghertomboyantics,we tookPegtoourhearts,asindeed weshould.AstheplayprogressedMissEdgar'sworklacked"alittleconviction-immaturityisapardonableoffence,after all-andwasswampedbycarelessproduction.Theproducer,afteranencouragingstart, seemedtotire.

TheCathedralPlayerswere responsiblefortwowell-produced playsin1946-"Granite"and "ChristmasintheMarket Place"-andboththeseproductionsearnedthemahighand well-deservedrespectinlocal repertorycircles.Iantloath toseesuchakeenandcapable organisationendangeritsrepu-

Christ'sShadowOver theKremlin

EasternRiteChurchHoldsKey ofRussianProblem

Isthereanythingwhichwill bridgethegapbetweenRussia andtheWesternworld?

Howistheprophecyregarding theconversionofRussia,made in1917byOurLadyofFatima, likelytobefulfilled?

Mgr.FultonSheen,theweilknownradiooratorandaproteaserintheCatholicUniversity ofAmerica,believesthatthe EasternRiteChurchholdsthe keytotheproblem.

Preachingattheconsecration inPittsburgh,U.S.A.,ofBishop DanielIvanchoasCoadjutor withtherightofsuccessionto BishopBasilTakachofthePittsburghGreekRiteDiocese,he declaredthattheconsecration "symbolisedinminiaturethe solutionofthemajorpolitical problemoftheworldtoday:the unionofEastandWestinthe fullnessofChrist."

"Theburdenofunderstanding accordingtoourHolyFather," MonsignorSheensaid,"restson theWest,forwewhobelongto theLatinRiteareapttothink thatthemembersoftheEastern ChurcharenotquiteCatholic folkbecausetheydonotsay theirprayersinLatin.Weforget thattherearetwelvelanguages ordialectsinwhichMassiscelebratedthroughouttheworldand Latinisonlyoneofthem."

NINEMILLIONEASTERN CATHOLICS.

Thereare350,000,000 Catholicsintheworld,andonly 9,000,000areEasternCatholics, buttheMonsignorrecalledthat thefirsteightGeneralCouncils oftheChurchmetintheEast andwerecomposedchieflyof EasternCatholics.Hesaidthat

MasswascelebratedinGreek inRomefor200yearsandthe firstLatinMasswassaidnot inRome,butinNorthAfrica.

MonsignorSheensaidtherise ofCommunismhascomplicated thecleavageofEastandWest andrecalledthatsolongasRussiawasChristiantherewasan affinitybetweenitandWestern civilisation.

POWEROFFELLOWSHIP.

Firstofthethreesignsof hopethattheEasternChurch mayuniteEastandWest,MonsignorSheensaid,isthepower offellowshipintheEastern Church."WeoftheWest,"he said,"areinclinedtobeindividualistseveninreligion.The Easternpeoplebynatureare socialandcommunal.Thevery existenceofCommunisminRussiaispossibleonlybecauseit isanersatzsatisfactionforthis togethernessandsolidarity."

Thesecondreasonforhope, hesaid,isthepermissiongrantedbyCommunistRussiaforthe dissidentOrthodoxChurchtoresumeaslightmeasureofreligiousfreedom,"thoughthis tolerancebytheCommunistshas beenpurchasedatthecostof becomingapoliticallackeyfor atotalitarianideology."

BROKENPIECESFROMROCK

Thethirdreasonforhopeis the-deepasceticalandspiritual lifeoftheEasterndissident Church,MonsignorSheensaid. HerecalledthatPopePiusXI said:"Peopledonotrealisehow muchfaith,goodnessandChristianitythereisinthebodiesnow separatedfromtheage-long CatholicTruth.Piecesbroken fromgold-bearingrockthem-

selvesbeargold.Theancient Churchbodieskeepsovenerable aholinessthattheydeservenot merelyrespect,butcomplete sympathy."Assertingthatseriousdogmaticdifferenceswillbe solved,MonsignorSheendeclaredEastandWestarebeing drawntogetherpresentlyless

SHADOWOFCHRIST ONKREMLIN

"Itremainstrue,"said Mgr.Sheen,"thatsince theRussian Orthodox Churchhasavalidpriesthoodandepiscopacy,every timeaMaasiscelebrated inRussia,Christrenews HisCalvaryinthemidstof Hisexecutioners,every Baptismisthebirthofa Christian,everytabernacle housestheLordofthe UniverseamongHisenemies;everytimeapriest takestheLordonasick callpasttheKremlin,the shadowofthelivingChrist fallsonitswalls."

bylogicthanbyacommon enemy. Hedisclosedthatheworked clos,lywiththedissidentRussianOrthodoxChurchaiding RussiansoldiersbothinAmericaandabroad,helpingthe Orthodoxtoshifttheirseminariestosaferquartersandinone instance,atthebehestofthe HolySee,safeguardedoneof theirArchbishopswhowasin dangerfromCommunists.

THECATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

....TheCatholicWomen'sLeague gratefullyacknowledgethefollowingdonationstotheDistressedEuropeanPriestsFund: Mrs.Walker5/,Mrs.Courtland5/,Mrs.Hughes6/,Mrs. W.Reilly£1,Mrs.O'Connorand Cluny5/,Mrs.D.Freeman £1/1/,Mr.andMrs.Lennen£1, Mrs.Slattery5/,Mrs.Keenan £5,MissBrady£2,threeSisters £2/10/.

Thepresident,Mrs.Maxwell, thanksallthosekindfriends whoarecontributingsogenerouslytothischaritablework. Totaltodate,£105.

`CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

OnTuesday,March11th,the annualelectionofofficerstook placeinthepresenceofalarge meetingofmembers.Allretiringofficerswerere-elected.

Thenextmeetingwillbeheld atusualonTuesday,March25th. ThiswillbeaninterestinglecturebyamemberoftheGuild. Membersareremindedthatthey mayinvitetheirfriendsforthis occasion.

LUCKISFREAKISH

Luckisthemostfreakishof allthingsThatiswhyyoucannotaffffiordtoletaweekgoby withoutpurchasingaCharities ticket.Yourluckweekwillcome soonerorlater.No.356Consultationisopen.

Inter-ChurchCo-operation ForSocialProgress

"Co-operationbyindividuals ofdifferentfaithsisgenerally understoodtomeaneffortstosecureinnovations,changes,or improvementsincivic,socialand politicalsphereswhichareof universalbenefit,saysMr. ThomasF.Doyle,anativeof Dublinandwellknownjournalist,inanarticlein"TheMarianist,"organoftheAmericanBrotherhood,embracingChristians, Jewsandothersects.

HequotesfromtheproclamationofPopePiusXthatCatholicshavetherightwithalldue safeguardstounitewithnonCatholicsforthecommongood, inbetteringtheState,inobtain ingjustwagesandfairerworkingconditions,andforanygood andusefulproject.

CO-OPERATION.

"Severalinstancesinthe UnitedStates,inwhichCatholic, ProtestantandJewishclergymenactedasjointmediatorsin labordisputes,haveillustrated inter-faithco-operationinits 'practical'forms."

Thearticleproceeds:"Undoubtedlythemajorincentivetowardsinter-faithco-operation-inthedifficultpost-warperiod, atleast---willbetheneedfor unityofactionincombating religioustendenciesthreatening themoralandsocialorder."

Inthisrespectco-operation maybecomeaninescapableobligation.

"Unitas,"aCatholic-sponsored movement,foundedinRomeand thefirstofitskindtobeendorsedbyPopePiusXII,proposesunityamongChristians everywhereinpromotinggoodwillandcombatinganti-religious influences.

INGERMANY.

"InGermanyrelationsbetweenCatholicsandProtestants aremorecordialthanever.An unprecedentedeventwasthe launchingofaninter-faithgood; willorganisationinFrankfurt, amajoraimofwhichwillbeto help'makeup'forthepersecutionsufferedbyJewsinGermany. "ArecentexampleinLiverpoolwastheformationofa jointreligiouscommitteeto studytheproblemofjuvenile delinquency. "Otherinter-faithhighlights oftheyearweretheappointmentofaCommitteeofHuman RightsfortheNationalConferenceofChristiansandJewsto

co-operatewithandserveasadNisorstotheCommissiononHumanRightsoftheUnited Nations;andthe'SaveEurope Now'campaignlaunchedbythe St.JosephCouncilofUnited ChurchesatSouthBendInd., withthesupportofCatholics, ProtestantsandJews.

"Chiefaimofthecampaign wastosupportgovernmentactiontoliftrestrictionsagainst foodshipmentstoformerenemy countriesandtourgemobilise(it'lloffoodandtransportto raisetheminimumdietinthese andformerNazi-occupiedcountries.

"InJacksonville,Florida, meanwhileaninter-faithcommitteeinitiatedavigorousefforttosavesurpluscropsin dangerofrottinginthefields andtocanthemforoverseas relief.

"SEPARATEAND TOGETHER."

"IntheUnitedStates,valid co-operationbyCatholicsininter-faithprojectshasfolloweda formulaenunciatedbytheRev. J.ElliottRoss,formerprofessorofmoraltheologyatthe CatholicUniversityofAmerica: 'Inallthingsreligious,weProtestants,CatholicsandJewscan beasseparateasthefingersof aman'soutstretchedhand;in allthingscivicandAmerican wecanbeasunitedasaman's clenchedfist.'

"Innocasedoes'enter-faith action,sofarasCatholicsare concerned,permitanyattempt toignorefundamentalreligious differencesbetweenCatholicsand thoseofotherbeliefs.

"ArecentcaseinpointconcernedtheChristianCouncilof Leicester,England,whichwas formedin1942byProtestant andCatholicrepresentatives,but hadtobedisbandedbecausethe CatholicBishopofNottingham wouldnottolerateCatholicsjoiningincorporateprayer.

"Catholicsarecautioned-to citesomeotherrestrictionsagainsttakingpartinpublic conferenceswithnon-Catholics onpointsoffaith;joiningin projectswhichexposethemto thepreachingofheresy;oreagaginghianytypeofjointenterprisethatmightcausescandaltoothersorseeminglysuggestthat'onereligionisasgood asanother.'Nomatterwhat goodissought,Catholicsmay notcompromiseondoctrinaltenets,orequivocateaboutthe Church'steachings."

NEWBOOKSFORSUBSCRIBERSINCLUDE:

THISOTHEREDEN(Catherine Gaskin),THEUNIFORMOF GLORY(P.C.Wren),INMY FASHION(Dr.HerbertM. Moran),HIGHWAYTOHAPPINESS(MollyWaring),ROMANTICFUGITIVE(Sheila Burns),THEYLIVEDTHAT SPRING(F.J.Thwaites),THE TURQUOISE(AnysSeton), THEMILLOFHAPPINESS (JeanBarre),DEARYESTERDAY(LindonSnow),THE PIPINGTIMES(JefferyFar-

no!),CROSSGAITS(Isabel Cameron),THEFRIENDLY PERSUASION(Jessamyn West),THEHAPPYPRISONER (MonicaDickens),DEATHOF ATRAIN(FreemanWills Crofts),THEMANWHOGOT EVENWITHGOD(FatherM. Raymond),MOSCOW1979(Erik &ChristianvonKuchnuttLeddihn),THEWILDERNESS TREK(ZaneGrey).

ADDRESS:36PierStreet, Perth(PhoneB5754).Hours: 9.30a.m.to6p.m.Saturdays 9.30a.m.to1p.m.

H.A.C.B.S.

TheGrandAnnualPicnic

Thisgreatsocialfunctionwas heldonSunday,February23rd.

TheS.S."Perth"and'busesconveyedthepicnickerstoKeane's Point,wherethesportsground wassooncoveredwithhappyHiberniansandtheirrelativesand friendsenjoyingtheirlunches.

Afterlunch,thechildren's raceswereheldandprizesgiven totheplace-getters.Manylittle facessmiledhappilywhenthey receivedtheirprizes,During theafternoon,ice-cream,gingerbeerandfruitweredistributed tcthekiddiesandthesewere welcomeastheweatherwasvery hot.

Theadult'ssportsprogramme followedthechildren's.The marri.dladiesthesingleladies andthemarriedmen'sraces showedsomesurprisingrunning.

TheInter-blanchrelayraceof 400yardswaskeenlycontested. TeamswereenteredfromSubiaco,Leederville,VictoriaPark, EastVictoriaPark,Maylands, St.Patrick'sandMidlandJunctionbranchesoftheSociety. Congratulationsareextendedto EastVictoriaPark,thewinning team;alsotoLeederville,second placeandSt.Patrick's,third.

Verysplendidperformances wereshowninthe100yds.hops. (H.A.C.B.S.membersonly).

Thisgreateventwaswonby PmL.Hickey,withBro.L. HowardsecondandBro.P.Wooltortonthird,aftersomeveryexcitingandclosefinishingheats. Congratulationstothewinner andplace-getters. Thedaywasdrawingtoa closebythetimethe1milehandicapracewasheld,butthere werestillplentyofmembers fullofenergyascouldbeseen bytheentrantsinthisrace.The winnerofthiseventwasBro.P. Wooltorton,(yes,thesamememberwhocamethirdinthe100 yardshandicap-lotofenergy hasn'the?)withhisbrotherBro. W.WooltortonsecondandBro. E.Barkerthird.Verygood racingbyallandcongratulations winnerandplace-getters.

Thenoveltyraceswereenjoyedbyentrantsandspectators alike.Bythetimethesports programmewascompletedalmosteveryonewasbeginningto feeltheeffectsofthehotday andthefreshair,soaftertea, thebulkofthecrowdgradually wendedtheirwaytothejettyto awaitthe"Perth"whileothers awaitedthe'buses.Bothmeans oftransportdulyarrivedand sooneveryonewasonceagainin Perth.afteraveryenjoyable andpleasantday.

Itwasestimatedbytheofficialsthattherewereapproximately1,000Hibern:ans,their relativesandfriendsattnepicnic,representingverybranchin themetropolitanarea.Thisalone speakswellforthekeennessand enthusiasmofmembersasthis isthefirstAnnualPicnicheld afteralapseofseveralyears.

Thanksofthesocietyareextendedtoeveryonewhohelped tomakethepicnicthesuccessit was.Willallhelpersplease acceptthesethanksasapersonal expressionofgratitude.Special thanksisalsoextendedtothe 11.9.111,1111UOM111.1111.11.41011111111111901111.1t.

TouareInvitedtoInspectthe ArtisticallyColouredCamera Portraitsof GirlsofAllNations

Australian-English-IrishIrish-Australian-ScotchAmerican-French-Chinese -Greek-YugoSlav-Malayan-andIndian, displayedintheCouncilAvenue entranceof VICTOR

PENROSE CAMERA PORTRAITS

PERTH'SMODERNSTUDIO.

172CENTRALHAYSTREET. ***

ForAppointmentsforChildStudies.Bridal,orGeneralPortraiture,TelephoneB4296.

sportscommitteeoftheMetropolitanEocialCouncilforthe satisfactorymannerinwhich ,erytengwasarrangedandfor thewaythesportsprogramme wasconducted.

AgrandAnnualSocialwillbe heldintheHighgateParishHall, HaroldSt.,onWednesday,Octoben15,whentrophieswillbe presentedtothewinnersofthe relay-raceandtothewinnerand place-gettersinthe100yard handicapandthe1milehandicap.

MetropolitanSocialCouncil

ThePresident,Bro.PagepresidedatthemeetingheldonFriday,March7.Delegatesfrom Subiaco,Maylands,St.Patrick'c, EastVictoriaPark,WestPerth, ShentonPark,Leedervilleand VictoriaParkwerepresent.

Theminutesoftheprevious meetingwerereadandconfirmed andthecorrespondenceread.

Areportwasrenderedtothe presidentontheAnnualPicnic heldonFebruary23.Avery pleasantdaywashadbyall. Excellentrunningwaswitnessed inthesportsprogramme.

Itwasdecidedthatatavery neardate,apicnictothehills willbearranged,andaswehave theequipment,acricketmatch willbeheld. Sowatchthese notesformorenewsofthisevent.

Asinpastyears,theCouncil willagainmakeitsAnnualvisit tcCastledareOrphanageafter Easter.Arnangementswillbe madeforthisvisitatalaterdate.

Theeveningriver-tripwillbe heldonFriday,March14.Ticketsavailablefrombranchesand alsoattheboatonthenightof thetrip.

ResignationsreceivedandacceptedfromBros.L.Greenwood andR.BattersbyofEastVictoriaPark,owingtotheirin. abilitytoattendCouncilmeetings;Bros.WhitelyandCooper electedintheirstead.These twonewdelegateswerewelcomed bythePresident.

TheInter-branchcompetition willbeginduringthecoming week,andthePresidentexpress

eahopethatbrancheswill makeanefforttofulfilevery fixtureforthecomingyear's competitionsandinthisway, keepthebranchactivitiesrunningsmoothly.Bythebranches supportinthesecompetitions,the Councilmemberswhoarranged thesefixtureswillfeelamply rewardedforthetimespenton thiswork.

Aftertherollcall,themeeting concluded,nextmeetiee--illbe heldonFriday,March21,and alldelegatesareaskedtoattend.

ST.JOACHIM'SBRANCH, Sr.N.Dalypresidedovera goodattendanceofmembersat themeetingsduringFebruary.

Twonewmemberswereinitiated andBro.C.Anderson'sclearancefromSt.Canice'sBranch wasreceived.Thepresidentextendedaverycordialwelcome tothesenewmembers. We regrettoreportthatBro.Jim Jonesmetwithapainfulaccidenttohishandandtrustit willsoonbehealedupandgive himnofurthertrouble.

WQextendourgoodwishesto Sr.A.Flanagan.whoisgoing onanextendedholidaytothe EasternStates,andwishhera pleasanttime.

Weareverypleasedtonotea markedincreaseintheattendanceatthequarterlyCommunionofthebranch,andtrust thatthisimportantfeatureof thebranchwillalwaysbewell attendedinthefuture.

Alargenumberofmembers endfriendsattendedthean nualpicnicand,despitethegreat heat,hadaveryenjoyableday. Ourtworelayteamsgained thirdplace.Membersareputtingingoodpracticeinprepar- ationforthefirstinter-branch match.

ST.PATRICK'SBRANCH

Theusualfortnightlymeeting washeldonMarch3rdwhen Bro.J.J.McIntyrepresidedover'agoodattendanceofofficersandmembers.

Regretwasexpressedatthe continuedabsenceofourworthy secretary,Bro.T.O'Donoghue, who,however,ismakingsatis factoryprogresstowardsrecovery.Althoughfarfromwell, thesecretaryhaddonealotof workandthebalance-sheetand auditor'sreportwerepresented atthemeetingandreadbyactingsecretaryBro.T.Hynes.

TherecentHibernianpicnic wasapopulartopicofconver-

sation,andespeciallymentioned foroutstandinghardworkwas theactivesocialsecretary,SisterJaques.Thepicnicwas votedbyeveryoneasbeinga mostenjoyablefunction.

NextmeetingofSt.Pat.'s branchwillbeonMarch17th, whenitishopedthatbusiness willbedealtwithinshorttime toallowmemberstoattendthe St.Pat.'sConcertinHighgate ParishHall.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate

Thefollowingarethebranch inter-branchcompetitionfixtures duringMarch,namely:12th., tabletennisandquoitsv.St. Mary's,atLeederville;19th., tabletennisandquoits,v.St. Brigid's,atHighgate.Membersareaskedtomanifesta keeninterestintheinter-branch competitions,notonlyforthe welfareofthebranchbutalsoin theinterestsofthebranchopponentsintheseveralmatches. A goodattendanceofmembersit requestedatthemeetingon 19th.inst.

St.Brigid'sBranch,WestPerth.

Themeetingheldon3rd.inst. waswellattended,andafterthe businesshadbeendisposedof themembershadamostenjoyabletimeatbadminton.The followingarethebranch'scompetitionfixturesforMarchand April,namely:Badminton,9th. April,v.St.Mary's,atLeederville;14th.April,v.St.Joachim's,atWestPerth.Table

TennisandQuoits:19th.March, v.St.Malachi's,atHighgate; 1st.April,v.HelpofChristians' No.2,atEastVictoriaPark; 16th.April,v.St.Lawrence O'Toole'sNo.2.atMaylands.

Agoodattendanceofmembers isdesiredatthemeetingon Monday,17th.inst.

ST.KEVIN'SBRAN('H

Bro.Sweeneypresidedover theusualfortnightlymeeting heldonthe6thinstant,theattendanceofofficersandmembers beinggood

Oursecretary,Sr.Hogan,was withusoncemorelookingvery fitandwellafteranenjoyable holidayspentinatourofthe SouthWest.

Arrangementsweremadefor badmintonpracticetocommence onThursday,13thMarch,and everysubsequent Thursday night,providedthehallisavailable.Membersinterestedare requestedtocomealongeach practicenightsothatSt.Kevin's willbestronglyrepresentedin theforthcomingcompetitions.

After tableournextmeetingnight, tennisandquoitswillbe playedagainstHolyRosary,and afullattendanceofmembersis desired.

Finalarrangementswere madeforourbustriptoRock-

inghamonSunday,16thMarch. BuswillleaveSt.Joseph'sHall at10a.m.

StaroftheSeaBranch

Sinceourlastmeeting,two members,thelateBro.Alford ,,ndthelateBro.Yenah,have siedandleftabreakinour nksthatwillbehardtofill.

Memberswillalsobesorryto hearthatBro.K.Kellyhasbeen involvedinamotor-bikeaccident;fortunatelynotserious. Wehopetohavehimatournext meeting.Bro.Kavanaghhas alsohadthemisfortuneofinjuringhimself,butmembers hopedthathewillbepresentat ournextmeeting.

ThisbranchwillholditsSt. Patrick'sSocialonthe18thinst at7.30p.m.inSt.Patrick's all.

Councilmemberswhoarrang- edthesefixtureswillfeelamply 'rewardedforthetimespenton thiswork. Aftertherollcallthemamaingconcluded.Nextmeetingwill beheldonFriday,March21st, andalldelegatesareaskedto attend.

OurLadyHelpofChristians' Branch

Onthe4thinstSr.President presidedoveraverywellattendedmeeting.

Wewerepleasedtohearthat Br.E.McCarthy,eventhough stillinhospital,isontheimprove.Bro.Palmerwaswell again.Bro.Cantwellwasstillin hospital. Allmemberswereaskedto supporttheM.S.Council'sRiver TriponFriday,14thMarch. Congratulationswereoffered toourrunnerswhotookpartin thesportsprogrammeatthean nualpicnicon23rdult.,especiallyBros.Stockden,Sturtridge,MartinandHoward,whowon theInter-BranchRelayRacefor ourbranch.Bro.Howardsecured secondinthe100yds.andBro. W.Wooltortonsecondinthe mile.Ourbestthanksisoffered totheM.S.Council,whoorganiseddthesuccessfulpicnic.

Bro.J.Curranwasdulyin- itiatedandwelcomedbySt. President.Anurgentappealwas issuedtomemberstobringalong asmanynewmembersaspos. sible. Sr.Presidentdulywelcomed ourchaplain,Rev.Father O'Connor. ThenewdelegateswereelectedtotheM.S.Councilinthe personsofBro.T.Whitelyand B.Cooper.

Ournextmeeting,whichwill beheldon18thinst.,willstart sharpat7.30andwillbea poundnight,asmembersfrom St.LawrenceO'Toole'sBranch willbevisitingtoplayustable tennisandquoits. LuckyseatwaswonbyBro. J.Curran.

"Avondown"HighSchool, Toodyay

TheJuniorCertificateExaminationresultsof"Avondown" HighSchool,Toodyay,which werepublishedinarecentissue of"TheRecord,"shouldhave readasfollows:

HughMcDonald:9subjects.

EllenCampbell:8subjects

VeraSpring:8subjects

GwenBauer:8subjects.

ElesmereRutherford:7subjects.

ErnestineGibbons:6subjects.

AileenMcManus:3subjects.

PatSpring:2subjects.

MargaretGumley:3subjects (complete).

ST.PATRICK'SDAY

CELEBRATIONS

TheIrishNationalForesters havearranged,byrequestofthe St.Patrick'sDayCelebrations Committee,fortheOpen(Miss BettyPontague)andJuvenile (MissNestorBrennan),ChampionIrishNationalStepDancers ofW.A.togiveexhibitionsat TheNationalConcertatCapitol Theatre,Perth,onSundayevening,16thMarch,andalsofor MissJoyAshtontoperforma Three-handIrishReelforthe occasion.Mr.TomO'Brien,the Society'sofficialviolinist.--:" playforthedancers.

TheJuvenileChampion(Miss NestorBrennon)willbyspecial requestgiveanexhibitionat aNationalConcertinGeraldton on14thMarch. OwingtotheNationalConcertatFremantleonSt.Patrick'snight,theIrishNational Foresterswillconductannual competitionsforIrishNational StepDancingChampionshipsat St.Patrick'sHall,Fremantle,at 2.30p.m.,Sunday,March23rd. Allinterestedarecordiallyinvitedtoattend

LEGIONOFMARY ACIES

AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,bothactive andauxiliary,totakepartin theAcies.whichwillbeheldin St.Mary'sCathedralonSunday,March23rd,at3p.m.

Asthisistheprincipalannualfunctionforauxiliaries,it ishopedtherewillbeanattendanceworthyoftheoccasion.

Thereareverymanyauxiliarieslivinginparisheswhere thereisnotapraisidiumofactingmembers,andhencenopossiblechanceofapersonalinvitation;tothesegoodLegionaries eadd'averyspecialinvitation throughthe"Record"torallyto thecauseofthe"Legionof Mary."

St.Patrick'sDayAnnual Celebrations

ConcertintheCapitolTheatre, SundayNight,March16

Commencingat8.45p.m.theSt.PatrioksDayCommittee presentanIrishNationalConcertintheCAPITOL THEATRETHISSUNDAYNIGHT(March16th). Theprogrammewillconsistofinstrumentalmusicby BettyNorthandtheRev.FatherAlbertLynch,songs byMarciaHodgesandRobertHeal,choralnumbersby thechoirsofLoretoConvent,Nedlands,andtheChrist tianBrothers'College,Leederville;ParallelBarexpositionsbypupilsoftheChristianBrothers'HighSchool, Highgate,andNationalDancingbypupilsofthe PresentationConvent"Iona,"MosmanPark,Betty PontagueandNestaBrennan.Theconcertwillconclude withashortSketch,"TheDrawback,"presentedbythe TherrySociety.Seatsinanypartofthehouse2/6; childrenhalfprice.Doorsopenat8p.m.

GODSAVETHEKING

OVERTURE:"IrishFantasia"

VictoriaSquareLadies'CollegeOrchestra.

CHOIR: "BelieveMeIfAllThoseEndearing YoungCharms" "OhMenFromTheFields"(Herbert) "AutumnSong"(Mendelssohn) PupilsofLoretoConvent,Nedlands. VIOLIN "MollyOnTheShore"(GraingerKreisler) "TheFoggyDew"(Traditional) Rev.FatherAlbertLynch.

SOPRANO:"TheFairyLough"(Stanford) "TheSnowyBreastedPearl"(Traditional) "BarneyO'Hea"(Glover) MarciaHodges.

PIANO: "Romance"(Sibelius) "Minstrels"(Diebussy) Betty.North.

IRISHNATIONALDANCING

RightHandReel

ThreeHandReel Jig

PupilsofPresentationConvent"Iona,"MosmanPark. -INTERVAL-

Orchestra: "IrishSelection"

VictoriaSquareLadies'CollegeOrchestra.

CHOIR "WhenIrishEyesAreSmiling"(Hall) "MightyLikeARose"(Nevin) "MaCurlyHeadedBabby"(Clutsam) ChristianBrothers'College,Leederville.

IRISHNATIONALDANCING

Hornpipe Jig

BettyPontague. Violin:TomO'Brien.

PARALLELBARSEXERCISES: JuniorSquad

ChristianBrothers'HighSchool,Highgate.

TENOR: "MotherMachree" "Macushla" "RoseofTralee" RobertHeal.

IRISHNATIONALDANCING Reel "Blackbird" NestarBrennan.

SKETCH: Cast-"THEDRAWBACK"

Maureen(younggirlagedabout21), MaureenChilde. Patrick(youngmanaged27),William Connaughton.

Scene:CountyClareGardens. (ATherrySocietyproduction)

GODSAVEIRELAND PianoskindlyloanedbyNicholsons.

PROPERTIESFORSALE

BUYERS,CONSULTUSFORALLCLASSESOFFARMSWHEAT,SHEEP,DAIRY,GRAZING,ANDPOULTRY.WE ASESURETOHAVESOMETHINGTOSUITYOURREQUIREMENTS. HalbertServiceLtd.

LONDONCOURT, ST.GEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH. 'PHONES:B3417;B3245.

TheArtofBeinga Parent

"Thisismyway:showmethine; asforTHEway,itclothnot exist."

NO.1.WHATITFEELSLIKE TOBEACHILD.

ForthenameofthisseriesI amindebtedtoaradiotalkby ProfessorMurdoch,inwhich1 heardhimusethischallenging phrase,andforthequotation,to somenotesbyFrankMillson theartofwatercoloursketching.

Theartofbeingaparentis oneofthemostdifficultofall theartsandperhapsthemost important,because,whereasin mostoftheotherarts,ifwefail inoneworkwecan,without greatloss,destroyitandstart afresh.Ifwefailasaparent, evenwithoneofourchildren,it isthelife-theheartandsoul01ahumanbeingthatwehave destroyed,andthedamageisirreparable.

Nowbehinaeachartthereisa science,andbehindtheartof beingaparentistheasyetrudimentaryscienceofpsychology. Butthisisnotanexactscience, nor,inthenatureofthings,can iteverbeso,because,justasno twopeopleinallthemillionsthat inherittheearth,areprecisely alikeinformandmien,sono twopeopleneedfrombirthto adulthoodidenticallythesame treatmentiftheyaretoattain theirfullestdevelopmentashumanbeings,fellowcreatures, workersandlovers.

Soyouwillrealisethatitis notintendedthatwhatissaidin

thisseriesshouldbetakenasindisputable.Theadviceisintendedtobesuggestiverather thantooauthoritative,forwhile itcanbesaidwithafairdegree ofcertaintythatcertaincircumstances,occurrencesandexperiencesareharmfultoallchildren,itismuchless..asytosay whatarethebestcit,,,i,is,ances forallchildren;inotherwords thebesttypeoftreatmentwill varyatleastslightly,according tomentalandphysicalendowment,environments,personalitiesofparents,child'splacein thefamilyconstellationan,l numerousotherfactors.

Thesearticlesaredesigned merelytohelpparentswhowish toavoidthegravesterrorsin thehandlingoftheirchildren; rindtotheseIwouldsay,ifyou wishtobeagoodparenttryto rememberalwayswuatitfelt liketobeachild;vr, istelt liketohavegrownupsdiscuss one,supposingthechildtoo smalltounderstand;tohave elderslaughatmistakesof speechorconduct;tobepunishedformakingamesswhenone genuinelyintendedtobehelpful;torealiseforthefirsttime thatparentssometimeslie;to visitthehospitalandseeone's placebymotherusurpedbya babyhead;tohaveone'sactivitiesthwartedbyadultsroo anxiousforone'smaterialsafety;toexperiencethehorrorof hearingone'sparentsquarrel;or thebitterhumiliationofoverhearingremarkssuchas"Johnny

"THEUPPERROOM"

PassionplaybyROBERTHUGHBENSON

willbepresentedbythe

CATHEDRALPLAYERS

IntheCathedralHall,

Thursday,FridayandSaturday,March27th,28th,29th.

Admission2/6. BookatNicholsons,B4885.

ProducerCyrilRiley.

CastofPerth'smostexperiencedplayersheadedby PeggyNunnintheroleofOurBlessedLady.

ChoirandOrchestraoftheSocietyofSt.Cecilia,in additiontoSt.Mary'sCathedralchoir.

THEMOSTDEEPLYMOVINGANDMOST IMPRESSIVEPASSIONPLAYEVER ATTEMPTEDINPERTH 4

Onthesamenights

FirstPublicAppearance of

TheSocietyofSt.Cecilia

Anewly-formedCatholicMusicSocietycomprisinga ChoirandOrchestraunderthedirectionof FatherAlbertLynch.

Performingthe"STABATMATER"(byDvorak)

Soprano

Mezzo-Soprano

Tenor Bass

isnotcleveratschool,"or "Maryisaveryplainlittle thing."

Canyourememberanyof thesethingshappeningtoyou?

Perhapsyouremembersome only,orperhapsyouhadfar N;orseexperien,es;butitishard Vbelievethatanyonewho keepshimselforherselfreally awareoftheintensitywith whichachildfeels,canever carelesslyhumiliateorhurtone ofhisownlittleones.

xlINNIs.%7SISANNWSNWIS..%10.1,1, RACINGSELECTIONS

By"THEHAWK"

W.A.T.C.SELECTIONS

Saturday,March15,1947.

DARDANUPMAIDENHCP.: Deleter1, GoldHare2, Shanto3.

DENMANHCP.:MissCurrion1, Selector2,PrinceElite3.

SUMMERHCP.:TonyM.asin1, BrightSyce2,Carrageen3.

CLAREMONTHCP.:MerryImp 1,Santheine2,Pandennis3.

MARCHHCP.:MorVeil 1, HomeFront2,Pantheist3.

WEMBLEYWELTER(1):Distinction1,PrinceBrian2, HowieWing3.

W.A.T.A.SELECTIONS

HARVEYHCP.:Airway1,Lula Sheik2,Whintista3.

KELLERBERRINHCP.:Prince Willow1,LeeChilde2,Phyllis Pronto3.

COUNTRYTROTTINfDERBY: BaandeeBoy1,RoyalStamp 2,Minvista3.

HIGHCLASSHCP.:RoyalRobert1,BrilliantStyle2,Dixie Lawn3.

KATANNINGHCP.:Kolass1, Merrimba2,PeterMavista3.

SOUTHERNHCP.:Moulyinning 1,L.Mandalup2. General Marleen3.

NORTHAMDISTRICTWHEAT ANDSHEEPPROPERTY (N352R):

967acs.freeholdlandsituate 4milesfromsiding,rainfall 18in.;800acs.first-classland, balancesecond-class;timbered withjamandyork-gum;930acs. cleared,100acs.fallow;130 chns.rabbit-netting,balance ringlock,sheep-netting,6wire, 6paddocks;wateredby3wells (2equipped),2dams,1soak; 5-roomedwoodandironhouse, lined,verandahallround;2000gal.overheadtans,3rainwater tanks;largeshearingandgeneralshed;averageyield15 bushels;240acs.undercrop; carryingcapacity,500sheep.

PRICE:£4peracre.

Terms:TakeoverR.&I. Bankmortgageof£180,balance cash.

Forfurtherparticularsapply to-

GOLDSBROITGH.MORT&CO.

LTD.,PERTH, BranchesandAgents.

SOUTH-WESTDAIRY

PROPERTY(BN298R):

850acs.freeholdandC.P. landsituate3milefromEvans and3milesfromschool;rain. fall28in.;timberedwithjarrah, redgumandblackboy;160acs. cleared,140acs.ringbarked; boundarysheep-netted,7paddocksfenced;wateredby 1 spring,soakandwell;3-roomed house,cowshedandyards,chaff shed,2pigsties,carryingcapacity25cowsandsmallstock.

PRICE:£2p.a.bare.

Forfurtherparticularsapply to-

GOLDSBROUGHMORT&CO.

LTD.,PERTH, BranchesandAgents.

Telephone:B8838:12,s.:WM2223.

THEGENERALAGENCY.CO.

D.T.O'SULLIVAN.

Soloists:

CarmelMoran

MargaretAtkinson

AustinCoulehan

JosephAtkinson

29a30PADBURYBUILDINGS. FORRESTPLACE,PERTH. MATEAGENTS. SWORNVALUATORS.

SPECIALISINGINSALESOF ALLTYPESOFFARMSAND STATIONS.

DoesU.N.O.Squarewith HEPAPALCONCE' AWorldBlueprintattheMercy ofItsArchitects

NoTechnicalArrangementWill WorkWithoutCharity

(ByA.C.F.Bealesin"TheCatholicTimes.")

A.C.F.Beales,LecturerinEd

ucationatKing'sCollege,London,andaconverttotheCath olicChurch,isarecognisedauthorityonpeace.His"The HistoryofPeace,"Bell,1931,is thestandardworkontheorga nisedmovementsforworldpeace. In1941anotherworkofIds,"T heCatholicChurchandInternationalOrder,"waspublishedas aPenguinSpecial.

InthepresentarticleMr.Be alesexaminesC.N.O.inthe lightofthePope'sFivePeaceP ointsofChristmas,1939.

Howmuchcanhappeninhow shortatime!The"UnitedNations"werebornintheDeclarationsentoutby21ofthemfrom St.James'PalaceonNewYear's Day,1942.

To-day,fiveyearslater,they aresounitedthatMr.Stalinhad toreassuretheworldrecently that,inhisopinion,thereisno "imminentdangerofwar.And theCharteroftheUnitedNations,afterjustoneyearin operation,isinsuchpoorshape thatnolessapersonthanDr. MaxwellGarnett,oneofthearchitectsoftheLeagueofNationsUnionandnowoftheUnitedNationsAssociationissuggesting("Times,"Sept.27)that thosecountriesshouldstartall overagain.

Theremarkablethingisthat Dr.Garnett'ssuggestioncomes intoline,atthismomentofdisillusion,withtheverycomments thatChristianopinion,andespeciallyCatholicopinionwas makingatthetimeofDumbartonOaks.Forthatwasthe momenttoissuewarningsand caveats.

GiventheDumbartonOaks formulaofOctober,1944,all thathashappenedsinceininternationalrelationshasbeenin. evitable.Itwasforeseen,at thetime,bytheveryCatholic bodieswhichplayedtheirpartin therecentUnitedNationsWeek alloverthiscountry.

WeMustPullTogether.

Butthetimeforrecrimina tionsandcheapgibeshadgone. Theworldsituationisfartoo seriousforthat,whetheryou lookatitintermsofstarving Europeandthecomingwinter, orintermsoftheterriblelack ofmutualtrustamongstthe unitedstatesmen.

WedidnotholdthisU.N.A. Weekinordertocriticisethe diplomacyoftheU.S.S.R.Nor todrawattentiontowhatisgotrigonbehindtheironCurtain intheEast.

Nortocontrastthe'agesof Faith."whentreatiesusedtobe signedinthenameoftheHoly Trinity,withto-day,whenthey aresignedinthenameofthe PigThree-whichisnotquite thesamething!

Nor,ontheotherhand,arewe tohavespenttheWeekindeclar-

CHINA,GLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions andSchoolsSpeciallyCateredhat PriceListsandCatalogueon Application.

Phoneft9651.

Kelly&Rodoreda

LateofJOHNDYNON&CO.

ingthatwemustpulltogether asnations,andleaveitatthat. Thatisanostrichpolicy.It begsallthequestionsandignoresallthedifficulties.

LaworPower?

Catholicstend,naturally,to seetheprobleminadoublecon text:theU.N.O.aswehaveit, andInternationalOrderasthe teachingoftheCatholicChurch wouldhaveit.Inaphrase,"The PopeandU.N.O."Wecantake theseinturn.

U.N.O.,aswehaveit,isalreadyfreshinlivingmemory. IsbeganwiththeAtlanticChartsr,onAugust14,1941.Ittook shapewiththeDeclarationof NewYear'sDay,1942.Its frameworkwascompletedinthe DumbartonOaksprotocolofOctober,1944.Thiswasmade permanentintheYaltaDeclarationofFebruary,1946.

TheCharterwaspromulgated attheendoftheSanFrancisco Conferenceinthefollowing year.TheFirstAssemblymet inLondonlastJanuary.

ThePeaceConference(orthe firstpartofit)openedinParis onJuly29,andclosedinOctober. TheNurembergtrialofthe majorGermanwarcriminals endedonOctober1. Andthe SecondU.N.OAssemblywas heldinOctober.

Itwouldtakeaboldmanto assertthat,duringthistimeof forgingthemachinery,thehopes ofmankindhavenotdwindled. Sincetheverybeginning,there hasbeenacleavagebetweentwo views:theLawschoolandthe Powerschool.

TheLawschoolsaidthatthe basisforthenewLeagueofNationsmusthefullenualityfor everyStateundertheLawofNa Cons,greatandsmall,powerful andweakalike.Theleadersin 'hisviewhavebeentheCatholicPress,and(toitseternalcredit)theAnglican"Church Times."andalso(thoughtardily)the"NewStatesman."

ThePowerschoolsaid,onthe otherhand,thatmortalmenwill flouttheLawiftheyhavethe powertodosowithimpunity.,thereforetheonlysaneandpractical,realistwayoforganising theworldforpeacewouldbeto nutusallunderthesuperiorauthorityofthemostpowerful States-theBigFive-since,so longastheseagreeamongthemselves,therewillbepeace,while themomenttheyfallapartin hostility,therewillbechaosin anycase,LawornoLaw.

Thefirstschoolsaidthatthe I.awmustbeupheld,eventhough menmaybetrayit.Thesecond school,byputtingPowerfirst andLawsecond,leavenothingto betray.Thesecondschoolwon. Power,notlawistheultimate basisofU.N.O.

ThePope.

Whyis"thePope"stillanimportantphraseevenamongst thosewholeastacknowledge him?Hisenemieswouldsay, becauseofsinisterVaticaninfluences,andwouldlaunchintoa wealthofdetail.

Butthereismoretoitthan that.

ThePopeistheHead,on earth,ofthatinstitution,the CatholicChurch,whichthewhole ofChristendomusedtoacceptas finalauthorityinmattersof moralconduct,publicandprivate, asthespiritualguideandleader ofallmankind.

ITheCatholicChurch,too,has avastandvenerableexperience oflivingamongstalltheideas andhabitsknowntothemindof man.To-day,thePapacyhas lostitstemporalauthority(exceptwithinthe100acresofthe VaticanCityState)andcan speakwithanunmixedspiritual voice,.

Again,theChurchcancall uponalongtraditionofstudy andpracticeintheseveryrealms ofinternationalproblems.

Furthermore,evenshornofits worldlypowerto-day,theHoly Seespeakstosome400millions ofthehumanracewholooktoit forultimatespiritualguidance inthesematters-and50millions ofthemareintheBritishCommonwealthandtheU.S.A.

TheFivePoints.

Now,ithasbeenpointedout manytimesalreadythatthereIs astartlingsimilaritybetween whatthePopedoessayandwhat theLeagueofNationstriedto do.

ThefamousFivePeacePoints ofthePopeat.Christmas,1939, stressedfirsttherightsofall nationstotheirlifeandindependence;sodidtheLeague Covenant.ThePopestressed, secondly,theneedforgradual disarmament;sodidArticle8of theCovenant.Hestressed, thirdly,theneedforaninternationaltribunaltoadjudgeinternationaldisputes,andtohave sufficientforcebehindit(Sanctions)tocompelobedience (RadioVatican,18/2/43);sodid theCovenant.

Hedemanded.fourthly,protectionfortherightsofMinorities;sodidtheCovenant,in thatmostfruitfulofallits points,theMandatesandTrusteeclause.Sofaras"machinesy"goes,thecollectivesecurity plannedbytheLeagueandthat advisedbythePapacyareone andthesame.

Butthereisanenuallystart- lino-andmuchmoreimportant -difference.ThePope'sfifth pointdealsnotwiththemachin cryofinternationalorder.but withthemotives.Nntwiththe car,hutwiththedriver.

Pisherethatheinsistson statesmenandtheirpeoniesbe. ins,imbuedwiththatspiritof Charitywhich(markthis)isnot onlythehighestexpressionof curreligion,butcanservealso asacommonbondwiththose whodonotsubscribetothat holyreligion.

Butin theretheLeagueorganisation wasnothingofthisatall. Andthatisthegreatestlesson Christianoninion-the eorldatlargehasstilltolearn: thatthemostperfectblueprint isalwaysatthemercyofthe architectwhowillbeactually usingit:thatthebestcarinthe worldcanhewreckedbya drunkendriveroronewithdefectiveeyesight.Itisanelementarypoint.assuredly.But itstillhastobemade.

TheCrux.

Thatisthecrus.Thedecisionsofthestatesmenwillbe, ofnecessity.technicaldecisions. Buttheywillbemorethanthat. Theymustbemoraldecisions. Isthatpoint"abstract"and unhelpful?Notifwelook morecloselyagainatwhatthe Popedidsay.Thekernelof thePeacePointsisNo.3:the reedforanInternationalTribunalofJustice(ofwhichwe haveagermalreadyinthe WorldCourt).

ThatPointThreeenshrines theelemenUryprInciple-long

OFPEACE?

honouredinBritishjustice-that youcannotwellbeadvocateand judgeinyourowndispute.You havetoacceptthird-partyjudgment.

Assume,foramoment,that weachievethatininternational affairs,andalltherestfalls intoplace.GivenaWorld Courtwithpowertosummon Statesforjudgmentbeforeit, andcompelthemtoabidebyits justawards,andthereisnojustifiableneedfornationalarmaments.

TheCourtupholdsyourrights, andtheCourt'spolicemanprotectsyouinthem.Whether youareanationentitledtoyour lifeandindependence(Peace Point1),oraminorityliving underalienrulebutentitledto yournationalandreligiousand

racialrights(PeacePoint4), theCourtistheretoserveyou andsafeguardyou. Itallhangstogetherlogically andcoherently.Andwhy? BecausethePapalteachingin internationalattainisrootedin thatsupreme,fundamentalfact thatthehumanraceisone humanfamily,theBrotherhood ofManundertheFatherhoodof God, ButPointFiveclinchesthe wholething.Theframeworkof internationalordercanbemade toendureifthestatesmenhave therightreasonsforwantingit toendure-respect,thatis,for everyhumblecitizeninallthe lands,asachildofGodanda humansoulofuniquevalue.But notunless.Shortofthat,itis onlyamatteroftimetodisaster.

Y.C.W.Championships

THEY.C.W.ATHLETICCRAMPIONSHIPSWILLBEHELD AT LEEDERVILLE OVAL, ON SATURDAYS,MARCH 15th. and 22nd., 1947. Commencing2p.m. AdmissionFree. SIXTYEVENTS(JUNIORANDSENIOR).

EntrantsincludeFourStateRepreesntatives, SeeY.C.W.Notesinthisissueforfurtherdetaills.

ReservationsatNicholson's,BarrackStreet,3s. Telephone:B4885.

allpartsoftheHouse.

opensMonday,March10th.

DrasticCulturalPurgesOrderedbyStalin

TheSovietFearsItsOwnIntellectuals FreedomofThoughtSwings AgainstMarxistRegime

ByWALTERDUSHNYCK.

Perhapsforthefirsttimein itshistory,Sovietcultureisnow beingseverelytakentotask. Simultaneouslywitheulogiesof theSovietGovernmentforits "courageousmeasuresagainst criminalviolationofcollective farmregulations,"theMoscow pressandradioblastawayat Sovietwriters,critics,composers,movie-makers,anddramatistsfortheir"lackofSoviet ideology"and,ingeneral,for theiradmirationoftheWest.

Inthefaceofthepogrom whichthreatenstheSovietintelligentsiawithtotalextermination,itappearscertainthatSovietwriterswereorderedto erectanewSoviet"Weltanschauung"inordertobringthemillionsofSovietcitizensintoa vastpropagandacampaigndirectedagainsttheformerAllies oftheSovietUnion,theUnited StatesandGreatBritain.

Thevastpurgecampaigns,so intensiveasalreadytohave madedeepinroadsintoevery phaseofSovietculturallife,are partofageneralplantoreeducatetheSovietmassesina spiritofan"activeoppositionto theinfluenceoftheWest."In viewofthefactthatSovietliteraturehasalwaysbeenahighly privilegedrealmoftheSoviet system,thepogromisfarmore indicativeoftheSovietpolicy thananyofficialstatementof MolotovorofStalinhimself.

Leninhadclaimedthat"enlightenedyouthwillconquerthecapitalistworld."Inthisrespect, Stalinishisfaithfulfollower. Herealisesonlytoowell,apparently,thatinatotalitarianstate theroleofliteratureandofa centralisedpressisevenmore importantthanthatofthemost efficientpolice.

FirstVictimsofthePurge.

InadecreeofthePolitiburo, datedAugust14,1946,apurge of"All-Unionliterature"wasor dered.Thedecreewasbased onalectureofCol.GeneralAndreiA.Zhdanov,chairmanofthe SovietoftheUnion.Thetext ofthelecturewasreadoverthe MoscowradioonSeptember20, 1946.Itisgenerallybelieved thatitisthemostimportantdeclarationoncultureyettocome outoftheSovietUnion.Zhdanovwasquotedassaying:

"Iffeudalismand,lateron, thebourgeoisieintheperiods oftheirflourishingscouldcreate artandliteratureassertingthe newsystems,thensurelyour newsocialistsystemembodying

allthebestinthehistoryofhumancivilisationandcultureis capableofcreatingthemostadvancedliterature,whichwill leavefarbehindthebestcreationsofoldentimes."

ThefirstvictimsofthenewliterarypurgewereseveralmembersoftheUnionofSovietWriters,amongthemitspresident, NikolaiTikhonov,andsuchforemostSovietpoetsasMikhail ZoschenkoandAnnaAkhmatova. Theyhavebeenexpelledfrom theUnionfortheir"rottenlack ofideology."

Thenewleadershipin the UnionofSovietWriterswastakenbyitsnewsecretaryKonstantineSimonov,authoroftheStalingradnovel,"DaysandNights." Hiscloseassociateisbelievedto beAlexanderKorneichuk.wellknownUkrainianCommunist playwright,whowasrecentlyin theUnitedStatesasadelegate totheAmericanSlavCongress, heldinNewYorklastSeptember.Heistheauthorof"Mr. PerkinsGoestoMoscow,"an anti-Americansatirebelievedto bebasedonEricJohnson'strip totheSovietUnion.

Incidentally,KonstantineSimonovalsovisitedtheUnited StatestogetherwithIlyaEhrenburg,and13.Galaktionovlast Spring.Heisnowbitterly criticisingtheAmericantheatre ("Oklahoma")forits"lowand decadenttaste."(Whileinthe UnitedStatesSimonovisreportedtohavecollected50,000dollarsroyaltiesfortheAmerican translationofhis"Daysand Nights."Healsotookwithhim threetrunkfulsofAmericanmerchandise.)

Simultaneouslywiththepurge amongtheUnionofSovietWriters,"Leningrad,"aliterarymagazine,wassuspended,andanother,"Zvezda"("Star"),was censuredbecausetheirwriters allegedlyhadwrittenarticles andliteraryworks"alientoSovietideology,"andhadvery oftenexpressed"anti-Soviet vowsandideas."

OnAugust31,1946,theCentralCommitteeoftheAll-Union CommunistParty,decidedtoorganiseasweepingpurgeof foreignanddomesticplays which"preachbourgeoisideologyandanti-Sovietviews"from allSoviettheatres. Amagazine,"CultureandLife,"accused almostallcontemporarySoviet playwrightsof"notadvancing Sovietideologyandculture,"and addedthatthereforetheycould notbetoleratedintheSoviet Union.

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Theworld-celebratedSoviet composer,DmitriShostakovich, hadtogothroughthecensoricussieveofthepolitburo.On October1,1946,MoscowdenouncedhisNinthSymphonyas"lackinginSovietideology."I.Nestiev,writingin"Cultureand Life,"saidthatanewerademandsnewandheroicmusic, whereasShostakovich'sNinth Symphonywas"cynicaland evil,grotesque,thetoneofmercilessjokingandriducule."Yet itistoberecalledthatthisis notthefirsttimethatShostakovichhadbeenattacked.In 1936,"Pravda"pronouncedhis ballet"un-Sovietandcheap."

"BourgeoisApproachtoArt."

TheSovietfilmindustryequallyunderwentathoroughthrashingforits"bourgeoisapproach toart."Severalmembersof themagazine,"CinemaArt" weredismissed.Amongthem wereworld-famousS.M.EisensteinandV.I.Pudovkin."Izvestia's"editorialcalledonSoviet writers,playwrightsandcinema workers"togiveacrushingrepulsetoslanderersattackingSovietcultureandsocialismandat thesametimetocastigatethe corruptedandcorruptiveculture ofbourgeoissociety."

Foreignplaysandliterary worksweremercilesslydenounced.SuchauthorsasW.SomersetMaugham("TheCircle"), ArthurWingPinero"TheDangerousAge"),andGeorgeS. KksufmanandMossHart"The ManWhoCametoDinner") werecondemnedtogetherwith theirworks.Ananonymous writerassertedin"Cultureand Life"thatitwas"thebiggest politicalmistakeoftheState ArtsCommittee,"underwhose sponsorshiptheabove-named playshavebeenproduced.The samemagazine,whichfinallyassailedevensuchhithertoimpregnablepapersas"Pravda," "Izvestia," "Komsomolskaya Pravda"and"Trud,"condemned AmericanandBritishplaywrightsasfollows:

"Presentationofsuchbourgeoisreactionaryideologyand moralsisanattempttopoison theconscienceoftheSovietpeoplebyaconceptionhostileto Sovietsociety,toreawakensurvivalsofcapitalismintheir mindsandintheireveryday life."

Mostoftheblamewasputon theArtsPublishingHousefor publishingofacollectionofoneactplaysbyAmericanandBritishplaywrights.

TheCentralCommitteeofthe Partyissuednewinstructions, tothoseSovietdramatistswho werenotyetpurged,towrite newplaystoconformstrictly withtheSovietwayoflifeand Sovietideology.Theywere specificallyinstructedto"carry onadecisivestruggleagainst apoliticalandunidealogicaltheatricalcriticism."

nationalism.Severalmembers oftheUnionofUkrainianWriterswereexpelledfromtheorganisationfortheiralleged"nationalistdeviations." Many booksandmagazineswerecensuredforspreadingdangerous theoriesconnectedwith"bourgeoisUkrainiannationalismof thehistorianHrushevskyandhis school." Deadsince1934, Hrushevsky,formerpresidentof theUkrainianCentral"Rada" (1917)andfrom1925.30presidentoftheUkrainianAcademy ofSciencesinKiev,didnotcease tobeatargetofperiodicalSovietattacks.Severalbooks, publishedbytheUkrainianAcademyofSciences,underaRunsifiedUkrainian,thelateAlexanderBogomolets,weredenouncedasbeing"anti-Soviet and spreadingthecorruptiveideas oftheWest."

Itistoberecalledagainthat thisaccusationoftheUkrainian writersof"over-emphasising WesternEuropeaninfluence"is nothingnewinthehistoryofSoviet-Ukrainianrelations. In 1927,abrilliantUkrainianessayist,MykolaKlevylovy,wasdenouncedforhis essays, "ThoughtsAgainsttheTrend," inwhichheadvocatedthat Ukraineisanintegralpartof Westerncivilisation.Herefusedtosignhumiliatingconfessionsoradmithis"ideological mistakes,"butinsteadpreferred todiebysuicide.To-day,two decadesafter,Kiev"Literaturna Gazeta"accusedvirtuallyall Ukrainianwritersofattempts todirectUkrainianliteraturetowardstheWest.

Itisinterestingtonotethat oneofthecondemnedbooks,"The HistoryoftheUkrainianPeople."waspublishedinKievin 1941,justafewweeksbefore Hitler'sattackupontheSoviet Union.Onpage366,thereis anexplanationoftheSoviet-Germanpactwhichprecipitated WorldWarH:

"Inaccordancewithitspolicy ofpeace.thegovernmentof'he SovietUnionsignedaSovietGermannon-aggressionpacton August23.1939,inMoscow. Thispactisoneofthemostimportantdocumentsinthehistory oftheinternationalrelationsof ourera,becauseitmarkeda suddenchangeindevelopmentof Soviet-Germanrelationsandbecamea'turningpointinthehistoryofEurope,andnotonlyEuropealone'(Molotov).BysigningitSoviet-Germanhostility. inflamedbywarinstigators,came toanend."

Perhaps,then,"bourgeois Ukrainiannationalism"wasnot theonlyreasonforthecondemnationofthebookbythePolitburowhich,in1941,hadgiven theordertointerpretthehistory of1939asquotedabove.

Alltheseofficialpronouncementsandaccusationsdefinite13,revealadepartureonthepart oftheSovietintelligentsiafrom theteachingsofMarxandLenin. ItbespeaksacatastrophicweaknessofStalin'sregime.Aware ofthedanger,Stalinorderedthe drasticculturalpurges.

AnnaAkhmatova,alsoaleadingpoet,wasaccusedofspread. ing"bourgeoisandaristocratic estheticism";SadovievandKomisarovawerecondemnedfortheir booksimbuedwith"loneliness. pessimismanddisappointment inlife."WriterKhazin'spoem, "ReturntoOnegin,"wascastigatedbecause,itwascharged, "underapretextofliterary parodythereisanattackonSovietLeningrad."ItisaheinouscrimetocomparetheLeningradofZhdanovwithPushkin'sPetersburg.

Ingeneral,thecrimeofall Sovietliteratureor,morebroadly,ofSovietcultureitself,isits departurefromMarxism,from itsideologyandfrompresent Sovietpolitics.Inastateof supremecentralismandtotalitarianismsuchadeviationisunthinkable.Itisaknownfact thatStalinhasakeenappreciationoftheimportanceofwriters-those"mouldersofnewSovietsouls."Therefore,aSoviettypeofsocietycannotallow existenceofliteratureindifferent toitspoliticallife.

Itbecomesclearthat"lackof ideology"inSovietliteratureis nothingmorethananextreme dislikeof,andoppositionto,Sovietideologyandpolitics.Inasmuchasartisareflectionofthe times,itissmallwonderthat thePolitburoisdeeplyalarmed.

Since1917theSovietshave triedtomanufacturenewmasses andanewclassofintelligentsia, buttheyhavemetwithcomplete failure.To-daythesemasses are,inZoschenko'sconcepts,the sameastheywereageneration ortwoago,whenSaltykov-Schedrikwrotevolumesofbrilliant satiresonthem.NicholasGogol, thegreatUkrainian,gavetheir classicdescriptioninhis"Dead Souls."

Insuppressingthefreeword andbyprostitutingthecreative spiritofman, doubtedly,benomoresuccessful thanothertotalitarianrulersin history.Theclassicrebuttalof allSovietapologistsisthatthis isaperiodoftransition-that, intime,theaimsofCommunism willbefullyrealised.

Theculturalpurgeshows morevividlythananythingelse thatthiswillneverbeso.This wholesalecastigationofSoviet cultureisimportantinthat,for thefirsttime,thechargeoftreason,soefficientlyappliedbythe Sovietsheretofore,nowbecomes invalidandevenridiculous. ThereforetheSovietsgropeand comeupwith"lackofideology." Butwho,ifnottheartists,the thinkers,theidealists,should provideideologies?Since,however,theseartists,visionaries, dreamersseeotherculturesas moreattractivethantheSoviet, itistheseverestindictmentof theSovietwayoflifepossible.

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Itissignificantthateven suchafavouritewiththeSoviet publicasEugeneO'Neillwas subjectedtocriticism.Together withErnestHemingway,John SteinbeckandSinclairLewis,he wasaccusedofnotwriting enough"againstFascism.", Americanwriterswhoseworks hitthebestsellerlistduringthe war'years,suchasJ.P.Man quand("SoLittleTime"),John Hersey("ABellForAdano"), andHarryBroWn("AWalkin theSun"),weredismissedasinsignificantandashavingno"real touchofAmericanlife."Some ofthewriters,indeed,"even helpedtheFascists,"as,for,instance,JohnHersey'sstory aboutthehelplessnessofanAmericanofficerinliberatedItaly.

InUkraine,thisculturalpurge isbeingconductedunderwarfareslogansagainstUkrainian

InCzaristRussia,literature wastheonlychannelthrough whichtheoutsideworldcould learnaboutthemorbidandsuppressedlifeofitscitizens.The sameistrueaswellofSoviet literatureto-day.MikhailZoschenko,oneofthebestSoviet contemporaryshortstorywriters,isreadilycomparedtoAnthonChekhov.Foryearshe wastoleratedandcelebrated.Todayheisdismissedand,perhaps, exiled.Hewasaccusedof "specialisinginwritingoftrivial things"andin"rottenlackof ideology."Hischaracters,it wascharged,"representSoviet peopleinpervertedandbestial form."Itisassertedthathe paintsthemfalselyas"primitive,uncivilised,stupidandwith littlebourgeoistastesandcustoms."Inaddition:"Zoschen ko'shooliganishpresentationof ourrealityisaccompaniedwith hisanti-Sovietattacks."Zoschenkowasunfortunateinthat,as anartist,hewascompelledto holdamirroruptohiscountrymen.Forhissharp,implacable satireonBolshevism,hesaw himselfproclaimedan"enemyof thepeople."

Inkillingthecreativepowerof itsartists-who,afterall,but echotheaspirationsoftheirmillionsofbrothers-theSoviets areeffectuallyreducingthemselvestoananimalmechanistic state,inwhichatmosphereany realisationofhighgoalsand meatdreamsisimpossible.

CATHOLICSDONOT WORSHIPIMAGES

"AnxiousProtestant.,"Boyswater! '1listentotheCatholicAnswer everySundaywithgreatintereat,butthereisonethingI cannotunderstand,thatis,why theCatholicpeoplebowdown andworshipimages."

A.:InthefirstplaceCatholics doNOTbowdownandworship images.HereistheFirstCommandment,asgivenintheCatholicBible,justthesameasin theProtestant-Bible:

"IamtheLordThyGod,who broughttheeoutofthelandof Egypt,outofthehouseofbondage.Thoushaltnothave strangegodsbeforeMe.Thou shahnotmaketothyselfa gravething,northelikenessof anythingthatisinHeavien aboveorintheearthbeneath, norofthosethingsthatarein thewatersundertheearth.Thou shaltnotadorethem,norserve them.IamtheLordthyGod, etc."(Exod.XX.,1,17.)

Whatthenisforbiddenbythis commandment?itisforbidden tomakeimagesandtobowdown tothemandservethemasidolatorsdo.TheCatholicChurch vtrictlyenforcesthiscommandmentofGod.Howthenabout 'hepicturesandstatuesonesees ;naCatholicChurch?DoCatholicsbowdownandworship them?Certainlynot.No morethanyouorIbowdownand worshipastatueofakingor queenorofagreatman.

TheCatholicChurchdoes makeandhonourrepresentations ofthegreatoneswhohavelivedsaintlylivesanddonegreat qir.'SforGodandwhoarenow inthegloryofHeaven.Donot allnationspaythistributeof honourandrespecttotheirgreat ones? Ontheiranniversaries orontheanniversariesoftheir exploitsdonottheheadsofthe nationsorderthatthesestatues bedecoratedandilluminated,in ordertoinspirethepeoplewith thedesiretoemulatetheirgreat deeds?Ofcoursetheydo.And weallagreethattheydowell. WhynottheChurchalso?

Whenweraiseourhattothe CenotaphortheWarMemorial inmemoryoftheFallenProve, orwhenwedecoratethestatues ofkingsandheroeswithflags andflowers,orwhenwevenerate thephotographofaloving mother,itisnottheimageof stone,ormarbleorpasteboard thatwethinkof,butthe von,theimagerepresents.Every commonsensepersonknowsthis andapproves:whyshouldwebe sounreasonableastoaccuseCatholicsofdoingsomethingutterlvstupid?Trepeat,then.Catho. liesdoNOTbowdownandworshipimages.

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"Hugh,"EastPerth:

MylistenersmaythinkthatI makeamistakeinreadingout thisletter,butIthinkthatIam rightinsodoing,foritiswell thatweshouldallknowthat amongthemanyfriendly,tolerantpeoplearoundus,thereare somewithmeanandnastyminds, whoseektopickholesintheir neighbour'scharacterandwish toclosetheireyestothegood deedsofgoodmen,andtosee onlytheirfaults,iftheycan.If thisisreligion,thensaveus fromit.

"Hugh"writes:

"Wouldyoupleaseanswerthe followingforme?Whatdo theR.C.priestsdowiththe moneytheygetfromcollections,moneypaidforMasses andotherfees?Iunderstand thatallthismoneyisfortheir personaluseandquiteapart fromthefundsoftheChurch."

A.:Youarequiteright.There isacollectionforthePriest's personalexpenses,andthen therearecertainothersources, whichyouhavementioned, whichhelptoaugmenthisslendermeans.Whatdopriestsdo withthismoney?Well,ifheis aParishPriest,hepayshis householdexpenses,i.e.,his housekeeper'ssalary.hisbutcher andbakerandcandle-stickmaker;likeeveryothermanhehas topayhisdoctoranddentist,his tailor,whenhecanaffordanew suit,andsoon.Healsohas topayhiscurate'ssmallsalary fromthismoney.Inotherwords, hemanagestolivefrugallyin thepositionhisworkforothers andhispositioninthecommunity-demands.

Youcontinue:

"Someofthem(thepriests)seem todoverywell,andthereis nothingtostopthemfromacquiringalargeamountfor themselvesandkeepingsome oftheirrelativesinluxury?"

A.:Exceptforthefactthat onewouldneedtobe"TheWonderful-WizardofOz"todothat, andatthesametimetopayone'sway.Fordon'tforgetthatformanyyearsthepriest'sincomeisconsiderablylessthan thebasicwage.Andwhenata somewhatadvancedageheis sometimespromotedtoaparish inawell-to-dosuburb,thepeopleheservesthereseetoit thathelivesinthesamesubusbancomfortastheythemselves.

PEOPLERESPECTTHE PRIESTASREPRESENTATIVE OFCHRIST

Yougoontosay:

"IknowpoorR.C.peoplewho seemtobecontinuallygiving totheirpriestsandtheChurch.

Infact,Iwasatafriend's placeonedaywhenapriest called.Shewashighlyhonouredandmadesuchafuss, Ithought'Sucker,whodoes shereallyworship'?"

A.:Don'tyoueverthink, "Hugh,"thatyouwouldlike, justforoneminute,tohavea nobleandgenerousimpulsein you,sothatyou,too,mightfeel likeherwhomyoucallyour friend.Thoughthewayyou sayyouthoughtaboutherisunworthyofsuchathingasfriendship.Diditeveroccurtoyou thatthesepoorpeopleyouspeak ofasyourfriendsrememberthe wordsofOurDivineLord,that evenacupofcoldwatergiven inHisnamewillnotgowithout itsreward,foritisanactofthe LoveofGod.Sowhenthese peoplegive,theygivebecause theyloveGodandrecognisethat thepriestwhohasleftallthe ordinarycomfortsandpleasures

offamilylife,isgivinghislife fortheirspiritualwelfare.You say"Sucker,whomdoesshe reallyworship?"Andtheans. weristhatshelovesandworshipsGodandwelcomesthevisit erfGod'spriestandlongstopay himtherespectshefeelshedeserves.

But-ouconcludeyourunworthyletterasfollows:

"Andbeforethegoodmanleft, hewasgivenanofferingfor somethingorother,withwhich hecouldhaveboughtabottle ofwhiskey.MostR.C.priests seemtoliketheirdrinkaswell asthenextpersonanddon't alwaysdrinkwithinreason,as myfriendswouldliketoassure metheydo."

A.:Yourkindlyandcharitable suggestionisworthyoftherest ofyouasrevealedinyourletter.Youmightjustaseasil' havesurmisedthatthepriest wouldhaveboughtabook,ora pairofslippers,orgiventheofferingwithagladhearttothe nextpoormanthatcalledatthe presbytery,fordon'tforgetthe constantstreamofthepoorand "down-and-out"whocalltoask thepriestforhelp,andwho nevergoawaywithoutit.Some day,"Hugh."youmaybeglad forakindlywordorahelping handfromsomeCatholicPriest.

QUESTIONSON PREDESTINATION

"NosceTeipsum,"Nedlands: "TheCatholicChurchteaches thatmanhasfreewilland thereforehastherighttodetermine(andthemeansofdetermining)hisultimatedestination.YetGodknowsall thingsandIpresumebyreasonofthis,mustknow whetherHiscreatureisdestinedtoheavenorhell.Does thismeanthatGodknowinglycreatesacreaturewhowill bedamned?Ifso,doesthis showperfectjusticeand mercy? Icannotconceive thatman,byexercisingfree will,canthwartGod'spreconceivedknowledgeofhisultimatedestination,andsoI havedifficultyinunderstandinghowthesethreeideascan becompatible:

(a)Godhasthispreconceived knowledge.

(b)Godisjust,merciful,and isgoodnessinHimself.

(c)Manhasfree-will.

Willyoupleaseexplainhow thiscanbe?

A.:IwishIcould.But, "NosceTeipsum,"thefactsare asyoustated:allofthemabsolutelytrue,buttoexplainHOW theyareallreconciledisbeyondthepowerofthehumanin. tellect.However,Icandevelop foryoutheimplicationsofthesethreefactsinordertoshowyou thatthereisnocontradictionin thefactoftheirbeingalltrue.

AsIhappentohavealetter from"Convert,"MiddleSwan,on thesamesubject,Ishallaskyou both,"NosceTeipsum"and "Convert,"toacceptoneanswer forbothyourletters."Convert"asksme:

(1)DoesGodforeknowand foreordainallthings?

or(2)DoesGodforeknow,but freechoicetodoornotisleft toman?

or,finally,(3)doesGodforeknowbutHisknowledgein. volvesnot"simplynecessity," butonly"conditionalnecessity"todoathing?

PleasecouldyougivemeThe Catholicviewofthisques- tion?Iunderstandandbelievethatwearegiven"free will,"butwhenIstarttrying tosolvethethreeabove-mentionedqueriesoneseemsto leadtoanotherandIenduo alltiedup.Pleasecouldyou helpme?"

Well,hereisthebestIcando: TheCatholicChurchteaches, andreasonitselfshows,thatGod

isall-knowingandall-powerful. IiotherwordsthatHehasfull andperfectcontroloverevery actionofHiscreatures,including thosewhoareendowedwithfree will.Atfirstsightthisseems toleavenoroomforhumanfree dom.God,byHisperfectdominionoverman'sactswouldseem tobethesoleauthorofthem, andsoreducemantoamere automaton.YetCatholicFaith teaches,andreasonandexperienceshow,thatmanis,indeed, afreeagent. Intheexerciseofhisfreedom, manexercisesadominionover hisactswhichmakehimresponsibleforthem.Theyarecertainlyhisown.YetGodhas foreknowledgeofman'sfree acts.How,then,doesthisforeknowledgeofGodaffectman's freeacts?

LetmeexplainhowGodknows allthefreeactionsofmen.From thisexplanationyouwilleasily seethatGod'sforeknowledge doesnotaffectinanywaythe freedomofman'sacts.

Catholicphilosophersallteach thattheprimaryobjectofDivine KnowledgeistheDivineEssence,whichistheexemplarof allthatwas,is,andwillbe,and notonlycouldbeandwouldbe, ifcertainconditionswerefulfilled.AlltheseHeseeswith aninfiniteknowledgeintheir minutestdetails,andsincethere isnopastorfuturewithGod, HeseesthemintheEternal Nowwithabsolutecertainty.

Itisquitetrue,then,tosay thatGodknowsandknewfrom alleternitywhowouldbedamn. edandwhowouldbesaved.In thecaseofamanwhodiesinthe stateofmortalsin,Godknew thatthatmanhadrealgenuine free-willandthathewouldget arealchancetochoosebetween goodandevil,andthatactually hewouldchooseevil,andfurtherthathewould,againfreely :oldthroughhisownfault,refuseGod'smanyoffersofforgivenessandso,throughhisown fault,bedamnedtoHellFar fromactingunjustly,Godknows thatjusticeisfulfilledwhenthe

manispunishedfordeliberate sin.

ThefactthatGodknowshow amanisgoingtofreelychoose, doesnotdeprivethatmanof thepoweroffreelychoosing.

AtthispointIthinkyoumay stillkeepsaying:"ButIdon't seethat."ButIneversaid thatyouorIoranyofuscould understandalltherelationbetweenGod'sJusticeandMercy, betweenHisforeknowledgeand ourfreedom.Godisaninfinite Being;wecannothopetounderstandperfectlyHisdealings.We muststicktowhatweDOknow -thatGodisinfinitelygood, thatHeknowsallthingspast, presentandtocome,thatman hasfree-willandthatGodwill rewardthosewhousetheirfreewilltochoosewhatisrightand willpunishthosewhousetheir free-willtodowhatisevil. Wecantrulysaythatitseems thatbyleavingmanfree,andso capableofoffendingHim,God hasthusconferredonthosewho loveHimanimmensegift, which,insomesense,theycan calltheirveryown.Hewho hasremainedfaithfulwhenhe couldhavebeenfaithless,receivesagreaterdignitythanhe whoremainedfaithfulbecause hewasincapableofbeingult. faithful.

HOWCANAWOMANBE CALLEDMOTHEROFGOD?

"l'rueChristian,"Mosman Park:

"Ihavemanyfriendsamong membersofyourChurch, whosewayoflifeIcannotbut admire.Butasasimple hriatiantryingtofollow Christinmyownway,Icannotagreewithmanythings theybelieve. Isomewhat shockedoneofmyCatholic friendslately,whenIsaidthat thoughtitwasalmostblasphemytopraytothe'Virgin Mary,asHolyMotherofGod. Iaskedhimtotellmehowa womancouldbecalledthe

(ContinuedonPage19.)

M.A.,Ph.D.,H.Dip-Ed.

I

EVE

CATHOLICSDONOT WORSHIPIMAGES

"AnxiousProtestant,"Bayswater!

"IlistentotheCatholicAnswer everySundaywithgreatinterest,butthereisonething cannotunderstand,thatis,why theCatholicpeoplebowdown andworshipimages."

A.:InthefirstplaceCatholics doNOTbowdownandworship images.HereistheFirstCommandment,asgivenintheCatholicBible,justthesameasin theProtestant-Bible:

"IamtheLordThyGod,who broughttheeoutofthelandof Egypt,outofthehouseofbondage.Thoushaltnothave strangegodsbeforeMe.Thou shaltnotmaketothyselfa gravething,northelikenessof anythingthatisinHeav'en aboveorintheearthbeneath, norofthosethingsthatarein thewatersundertheearth.Thou shaltnotadorethem,norserve them.IamtheLordthyGod, etc."(Exod.XX.,1,17.)

Whatthenisforbiddenbythis "ommandment?Itisforbidden tomakeimagesandtobowdown tothemandservethemasidolstorsdo.TheCatholicChurch strictlyenforcesthiscommandmentofGod.Howthenabout 'hepicturesandstatuesonesees ;naCatholicChurch?DoCatholicsbowdownandworship *hem?Certainlynot.No morethanyouorIbowdownand worshipstatueofakingor nneenorofagreatman.

TheCatholicChurchdoes makeandhonourrepresentations ofthegreatoneswhohavelivedsaintlylivesanddonegreat thinesforGodandwhoarenow inthegloryofHeaven.Donot allnationspaythistributeof honouraridrespecttotheirgreat ones? Ontheiranniversaries orontheanniversariesoftheir exploitsdonottheheadsofthe nationsorderthatthesestatues bedecoratedandilluminated.in ordertoinspirethepeoplewith thedesiretoemulatetheirgreat deeds?Ofcoursetheydo.And weallagreethattheydowell. WhynottheChurchalso?

MylistenersmaythinkthatI makeamistakeinreadingout thisletter,but1thinkthatIam rightinsodoing,foritiswell thatweshouldallknowthat amongthemanyfriendly,tolerantpeoplearoundus,thereare somewithmeanandnastyminds, whoseektopickholesintheir neighbour'scharacterandwish toclosetheireyestothegood deedsofgoodmen,andtosee onlytheirfaults,iftheycan.if thisisreligion,thensaveus fromit.

"Hugh"writes: "Wouldyoupleaseanswerthe followingforme?Whatdo thisR.C.priestsdowiththe moneytheygetfromcollections,moneypaidforMasses andotherfees?Iunderstand thatallthismoneyisfortheir personaluseandquiteapart fromthefundsoftheChurch."

A.:Youarequiteright.There isacollectionforthePriest's personalexpenses,andthen therearecertainothersources, whichyouhavementioned, whichhelptoaugmenthisslendermeans.Whatdopriestsdo withthismoney?Well,ifheis aParishPriest,hepayshis householdexpenses,i.e.,his housekeeper'ssalary.hisbutcher andbakerandcandle-stickmaker;likeeveryothermanhehas tonayhisdoctoranddentist,his tailor,whenhecanaffordanew suit,andsoon.Healsohas topayhiscurate'ssmallsalary fromthismoney.Inotherwords, hemanagestolivefrugallyin thepositionhisworkforothers andhispositioninthecommunitydemands.

Youcontinue:

"Romeofthem(thepriests)seem todoverywell.andthereis nothingtostopthemfromacquiringalargeamountfor themselvesandkeepingsome oftheirrelativesinluxury?"

A.:Exceptforthefactthat onewouldneedtobe"TheWon derfulWizardofOz"todothat, andatthesametimetopayone'sway.Fordon'tforgetthat formanyyearsthepriest'sincomeisconsiderablylessthan thebasicwage.Andwhenata somewhatadvancedageheis sometimespromotedtoaparish inawell-to-dosuburb,thepeopleheservesthereseetoit thathelivesinthesamesubusbancomfortastheythemselves.

PEOPLERESPECTTHE PRIESTASREPRESENTATIVE OFCHRIST

Yougoontosay:

NEILSON

DARNELL,

'OPTOMETRIST.

OF

HOTEL NARROG1N

"IknowpoorR.C.peoplewho seemtohecontinuallygiving totheirpriestsandtheChurch. Infact,Iwasatafriend's placeonedaywhenapriest called.Shewashighlyhonouredandmadesuchafuss, thought'Sucker,whodoes shereallyworship'?"

offamilylife,isgivinghislife fortheirspiritualwelfare.You say"Sucker,whomdoesshe reallyworship?"AndtheansweristhatshelovesandworshipsGodandwelcomesthevisit diGod'spriestandlongstopay hinttherespectshefeelshedeserves.

But-ouconcludeyourunworthyletterasfollows: "Andbeforethegoodmanleft, hewasgivenanofferingfor somethingorother,withwhich hecouldhaveboughtabottle ofwhiskey.MostR.C.priests seemtoliketheirdrinkaswell asthenextpersonanddon't alwaysdrinkwithinreason,as myfriendswouldliketoassure metheydo."

A.:Yourkindlyandcharitable suggestionisworthyoftherest ofyouasrevealedinyourletter.Youmightjustaseach!, havesurmisedthatthepriest wouldhaveboughtabook,ora pairofslippers,orgiventheofferingwithagladhearttothe nextpoormanthatcalledatthe presbytery,fordon'tforgetthe constantstreamofthepoorand "down-and-out"whocalltoask thepriestforhelp,andwho nevergoawaywithoutit.Some day,"Hugh,"youmaybeglad forakindlywordorahelping handfromsomeCatholicPriest.

QUESTIONSON PREDESTINATION

"NosceTeipsum,"Nedlands: "TheCatholicChurchteaches thatmanhasfreewilland thereforehastherighttodetermine(andthemeansofdetermining)hisultimatedestination.YetGodknowsall thingsandIpresumebyreasonofthis,mustknow whetherHiscreatureisdestinedtoheavenorhell.Does thismeanthatGodknowinglycreatesacreaturewhowill bedamned?Ifso,doesthis showperfectjusticeand mercy? I cannotconceive thatman,byexercisingfree will,canthwartGod'spreconceivedknowledgeofhisultimatedestination,andsoI havedifficultyinunderstandinghowthesethreeideascan becompatible:

(a)Godhasthispreconceived knowledge.

(b)Godisjust,merciful.and isgoodnessinHimself.

(c)Manhasfree-will.

Willyoupleaseexplainhow thiscanbe?

A.:IwishIcould.But, "NosceTeipsum,"thefactsare asyoustated:allofthemabsolutelytrue,buttoexplainHOW theyareallreconciledisbe yondthepowerofthehumanintellect.However,Icandevelop foryoutheimplicationsofthesethreefactsinordertoshowyou thatthereisnocontradictionin thefactoftheirbeingalltrue. AsIhappentohavealetter from"Convert,"MiddleSwan,on thesamesubject,Ishallaskyou both,"NosceTeipsum"and "Convert,"toacceptoneanswer forbothyourletters."Convert"asksme:

(1)DoesGodforeknowand foreordainallthings?

isall-knowingandall-powerful. InotherwordsthatHehasfull andperfectcontroloverevery actionofHiscreatures,including thosewhoareendowedwithfreewill.Atfirstsightthisseems toleavenoroomforhumanfreedom.God,byHisperfectdominionoverman'sactswouldseem tobethesoleauthorofthem, andsoreducemantoamere automaton.YetCatholicFaith teaches,andreasonandexperienceshow,thatmanis,indeed, afreeagent. Intheexerciseofhisfreedom, manexercisesadominionover hisactswhichmakehimresponsibleforthem.Theyarecertainlyhisown.YetGodhas foreknowledgeofman'sfree acts.How,then,doesthisfore knowledgeofGodaffectman's freeacts?

LetmeexplainhowGodknows allthefreeactionsofmen.From thisexplanationyouwilleasily seethatGod'sforeknowledge doesnotaffectinanywaythe freedomofman'sacts.

Catholicphilosophersallteach thattheprimaryobjectofDivine KnowledgeistheDivineEssence,whichistheexemplarof allthatwas,is,andwillbe,and notonlycouldbeandwouldbe, ifcertainconditionswereful. filled.AlltheseHeseeswith aninfiniteknowledgeintheir minutestdetails,andsincethere isnopastorfuturewithGod, HeseesthemintheEternal Nowwithabsolutecertainty.

Itisquitetrue,then,tosay thatGodknowsandknewfrom alleternitywhowouldbedamn. edandwhowouldbesaved.In thecaseofamanwhodiesinthe stateofmortalsin,Godknew thatthatmanhadrealgenuine free-willandthathewouldget arealchancetochoosebetween goodandevil,andthatactually hewouldchooseevil,andfurtherthathewould,againfreely andthroughhisownfault,refuseGod'smanyoffersofforgivenessandso,throughhisown fault,bedamnedtoHell Far fromactingunjustly,Godknows that'justiceisfulfilledwhenthe

manispunishedfordeliberate

ThefactthatGodknowshow amanisgoingtofreelychoose, doesnotdeprivethatmanof thepoweroffreelychoosing. AtthispointIthinkyoumay stillkeepsaying:"ButIdon't seethat."ButIneversaid thatyouorIoranyofuscould understandalltherelationbetweenGod'sJusticeandMercy, betweenHisforeknowledgeand ourfreedom.Godisaninfinite Being;wecannothopetounder-standperfectlyHisdealings.We muststicktowhatweDOknow -thatGodisinfinitelygood, thatHe'knowsallthingspast, presentandtocome,thatman hasfree-willandthatGodwill rewardthosewhousetheirfreewilltochoosewhatisrightand willpunishthosewhousetheir free-willtodowhatisevil. Wecantrulysaythatitseems thatbyleavingmanfree,andso capableofoffendingHim,God hasthusconferredonthosewho loveHimanimmensegift. which,insomesense,theycan calltheirveryown.Hewho hasremainedfaithfulwhenhe -fluidhavebeenfaithless,receivesagreaterdignitythanhe whoremainedfaithfulbecause hewasincapableofbeingunfaithful.

HOWCANAWOMANBE CALLEDMOTHEROFGOD?

"TrueChristian,"Mosman Park: "1have membersmanyfriendsamong ofyourChurch, whosewayoflifeIcannotbut admire.Butasasimple Christiantryingtofollow Christinmyownway.Icannotagreewithmanythings theybelieve.Isomewhat shockedoneofmyCatholic friendslately,whenIsaidthat 1thoughtitwasalmostblasphemytopraytotheVirgin Mary,asHolyMotherofGod. askedhimtotellmehowa womancouldbecalledthe

ALEXRODOREDA TurfCommissionAgent

MNHAYSTREET

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES

RingB5641andB5236.

A.:Don'tyoueverthink, "Hugh,"thatyouwouldlike, justforoneminute,tohavea nobleandgenerousimpulsein you,sothatyou,too,mightfeel likeherwhomyoucallyour friend.Thoughthewayyou sayyouthoughtaboutherisunworthyofsuchathingasfriendship.Diditeveroccurtoyou thatthesepoorpeopleyouspeak ofasyourfriendsrememberthe wordsofOurDivineLord,that evenacupofcoldwatergiven inHisnamewillnotgowithout itsreward.foritisanactofthe LoveofGod.Sowhenthese peoplegive,theygivebecause theyloveGodandrecognisethat thepriestwhohasleftallthe ordinarycomfortsandpleasures

or(2)DoesGodforeknow,but freechoicetodoornotisleft toman? or,finally.(3)doesGodforeknowbutHisknowledgein. volvesnot"simplynecessity," butonly"conditionalnecessity"todoathing?

PleasecouldyougivemeThe Catholicviewofthisques- tion? Iunderstandandbelievethatwearegiven"free will,"butwhenIstarttrying tosolvethethreeabove-men. tionedqueriesoneseemsto leadtoanotherand1endon alltiedup.Pleasecouldyou helpme?"

Well,hereisthebestIcando: TheCatholicChurchteaches, andreasonitselfshows,thatGod

TwoNewBooks ByTHEVERYREV.JOHNT.McMAHON, MA.,Ph.D.,H.Dip-Ed. LivetheMass AbookcommendedbyHisGraceArchbishopSimonds,CoadjutorArchbishopofMelbourne,forusebyTeachersand StudentsofCatholicSchoolsandleadersofCatholicAction. Price:5s.(plus5d.postage). OneHundredYears AstoryoftheCatholicChurchinWestAustralia,writtenis aclearanddescriptivestyleasonlyDr.McMahoncanwrite BoundinCloth PriceOs.percopy. BoundinPaper Price9/6percopy. (Postage5d.percopy.) Pellegrini&Co.Pty.Ltd. 776HAYSTREET,PERTH, (opp.Foy&Gibson) PhoneB6655.

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womanadvertisedfora afretakerforhertownhoure, and,afterinterviewingalarge numberofapplicants,foundone whosuitedher.

0

"Ah,mydear,"saidherhomelyrelative,"youwillfindthat Timeisagreathealer."

"True,aunty,"thegirlreplied, "buthe'scertainlyamightypoor beautydoctor."

* Shesweptuptothepreacher aftertheserviceandoffered heartfeltcongratulations."It wasawonderfulsermon,"she said-andmeantit."Everything yousaidappliestooneorother ofthepeopleIknow."

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BoysreadyforatleastSixthClass,andrecommendedby theirParishPriest,cannowbeenrolledfor1948.Onlyinvery specialcircumstanceswillanyfreshapplicantsfor1947beconsidered.Anypreferenceswillbegiventocountryboys. ForParticularsapplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY. ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSHOOLSOFW.A.

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Boysadmittedfrom7upwards.

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanning PorParticularsapplyto- Bridge.

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£2,000for2/6.,OtherPrizesbytheThousand. 76BARRACKST.(nextWilsonandJohn's)

"Thanksforgivingmethe job."saidtheman;"andmight Iaskyouaquestion?Youstatedinyouradvertisementthat youwantedamarriedman.Does thatmeanyouhavesomework inviewformywife?"

"Oh,no,"repliedthewoman. "Iwantedamarriedmansoas tobesureI'dgetsomeoneused totakingordersfromawoman."

"Isawafellowstrikeagirl to-day." "Youdidn'tlethimgetaway withit,didyou," "No,Iwentuptohimand said:'Onlyacowardwouldhita woman-whydon'tyouhita man?'"

"Thenwhathappened?"

"That'sallIremember."

* * * *

"Yourhusbandlookslikeabrilliantman.Isupposeheknows practicallyeverything."

"Don'tyoufoolyourself;he doesn'tevensuspectanything."

Twooldconfirmedbachelors sattalking.Theirtalkdrifted frompoliticsandfinallygot aroundtocooking.Saidone: "Igotoneofthemcookery booksonce,butInevercoulddo nothingwithit."

"Toomuchfancyworkinit, eh?"

"You'vesaidit.Everyoneo' themrecipesbeganthesame way-Takeacleandish'-and thatsettledme."

* *

*

`Delightedtohavemetyou. Comeover,someeveningsoon, andbringyourhusband."

"Thankyousomuch,butwp nevergoanywhere;yousee,my husbandisparalysed...."

"Don'tmindthat,dear;my husband'sthatwayhalfthetime, himself."

Customer:"Haveyouthat bookcalled'Man,theRuler'?" Salesgirl:"Fictiondepartment, onthefirstfloor,sir."

* *

PrisonVisitor:"Ihavecometo speakwordsofconsolationand comforttoyou."

Convict:"Iampleasedtohear it.Ithoughtyouhadcometo sellmeavacuumcleaner."

* * *

"Doyouthinkthatamanhas arighttoopenhiswife'sletters?"

"Nohehasn'ttheright,and Idon'tseehowhecouldhave thecourage." hr

* * * *

"John,youhavemadeyour littlesistercrybecauseyou wouldnotshareyourpeachwith her."

"Thatisn'tso,mamma. I gaveherthestone,andifshe plantsitshecanhaveawhole tree."

Actress:"Thedoctorhasorderedmechangeofair."

Producer:"Good-fromnow onwardsIwillonlycastyoufor playsthataresupposedtotake placeabroad."

* * * *

Mrs.Firefly:"Go. Inever wanttoseeyourfaceagain."

Mr.Firefly:"Oke.Youglow yourwayandI'llglowmine."

* * * *

Tommy'sMother:"Whyhave youbeensonaughtylately? Youaren'thalfasgoodaboy asyouusedtobe."

Tommy:"Iknowthat,mother. 1can'tkeepuptothe'goodas gold'standard,soI'vegoneoff."

* * *

"Everythingmysonwritesis devouredgreedily."

"Isheanauthor?"

"No,hewritesmenucards."

We

OETAIN

itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord,"450HayStreet, Perth.'PRONI:R$$0.

Bobbywasjusthomeafterhis firstdayatschool.

"Well,Bobby,"askedhisfather, "whatdidtheyteachyou?"

"Notmuch,"repliedBobby, "I'vegottogoagainto-morrow."

"Iamasonofthesoil!"shoutedthegrimyparkorator.

"I'msorryforyou,"saida manintheaudience,"forIsee youhaveyourfatheronyour hands."

*

Hoggs:"Myancestorswere peoplewithbrains."

Noggs:"Whatashameyou weredisinherited!"

*

Donovan:"Comeuptomy houseto-nightandwe'lltalk overoldtimes."

Finnegan:"I'llbethereat8 o'clock."

Donovan:"Whenyouarrive putyourelbowtothebuttonand pushithard,andwhenitrings I'llknowit'syou."

Finnegan:"WhydoIhaveto usemyelbowtopushthebutton?"

Donovan:"You'renotcoming upempty-handed,areyou?"

AnIrishmanwastellinghis friendofanarrowescapeinthe war.TheIrishmansaid:"The bulletwentinmychestandcame outmeback."

"But,"saidthefriend,"itwould gothroughyourheartandkill you."

"Meheartwasinmemouth atthetime,"saidtheIrishman.

Cook:"Yes,sir."Iwasofficer'scookfortwoyears,and woundedtwice."

Proprietor:"You'relucky!It's awondertheydidn'tkillyou!"

Tramp:"Ilostmyparents whenIwasveryyoung."

Lady:"Poorfellow.Orphan?"

Tramp:"No,onlyonce."

"Motherdoesn'tthinkshe'llgo tothetheatrewithusto-night, Albert."

"Isthatso?Ihavegotthree tickets.WhatshallIdowith thethirdone?"

"Giveittothemanyoualwaysgoouttoseebetweenthe acts.Hecansitwithus,and youwon'thavetogoouttosee him."

Thenovelist'ssmallboyhad justbeenbroughttojudgment fortellingalie.Hissobshavingdiedaway,hesat?oralong timeinthought.

"Dad,"hesaidatlast,"how longwillitbebeforeIstopgettin'lickedfortellin'liesandbegintogetpaidfor'em,likeyou do?"

SuspiciousLandlady:"I'dlike toknowwhyyouaresneaking outonyourhandsandknees?"

Lodger:"BecauseafterafortnightofyourboardI'mtooweek towalk."

Alittlegirlwhoseparentsare notgreatreadersvisited friends.Shegazedlongand earnestlyatthewell-filledbookshelves,andthenamazedthen byexclaiming:"Wegetbooks fromthelibrary,too,butwe takethemback."

*

*

"Who'stheresponsibleman here?"askedthecaller.

"Ifyoumeanthefellowthat alwaysgetstheblame,"answeredtheofficeboy,"you'respeakingtohimnow." *

"Whythetoothbrushinyour coatlapel?"

"It'smyclasspin-Igoto Colgate."

SolicitaTrial froriiallReligiousInstitutions

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SELLINGAGENTSFOR-TANDACOPRODUCTS, TABALDI,SALAMI,andMORTADELLA.

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PHONEB5121.

Wednesday,March

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage17.)

MotherofGod,andhesaid thathecouldnotseeanydifficultyinit.YetIcannotsee howitcanbeso.Pleaseenlightenme,for1shouldlike tobeabletoseemyfriend's pointofview."

A.:Ishallbedelightedtoenlightenyou,forIcanseequite plainlywhyyouandyourCatholicfriendseemedtobeatcross purposes.Youseeheknew youtobeagoodChristian,tryingtofollowChrist,asyousay, "inyourownway."Thisbeing so,henaturallythoughtthat you,likehim,believedthat ChristisGod.Butapparently youdonot.ForitChristis God,thentheMotherofChrist istheMotherofGod.Itseems tomethatwhileyouhavea greatloveandvenerationfor OurLordJesusChrist,youhave ,.otunderstoodthesensein whichHeisdivine.Foryou apparently,Christisamere man,averywonderfulman,of course,senttousbyGod,to teachusaboutGod,toshowus howweshouldliveinorderto pleaseGod,amanendowedby Godwithextraordinarypowers ofintellectandwill,amanof greatsanctity,amanfinallywho insomewaywastoredeemand saveus,butstillamanlikethe restofusandnothingmore. Forgiveme,ifIamnotgivinga fairaccountofyourbelief;but, inmyexperience,thatistheway verymanyChristians,outside theCatholicChurch,thinkabout OurLord.Nowitwouldcome asashocktomanyCatholicsto learnthatthatwas,indeed,the wayyouthoughtofChrist.They haveknowneversincetheywere oldenoughtoknowanything, thatthereisoneGodandthat inGodthereareThreeDivine Persons,eachofWhomisGod, andeachofWhomisdifferent fromtheothertwo.Asthey grewup,theybecamefamiliar withthedistinctionbetween NatureandPerson,thoughthey

Perth.

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80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH WOOD&COALMERCHANTS.

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Star&GarterHotel

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mighthavesomedifficultyinexpressingthatdistinction in words.Theymightperhaps putthemattertoyouthisway. Therearetwoquestionswecan askaboutanybeingthathasintellectandwill.Thefirstquestionwouldbe:"Whatisthis?" andtheanswerwouldbe,say: "Aman,"or"anAngel,"or "God."Thatanswerindicates theNatureofthebeing.The secondquestionwouldbe:"Who isthisbeing?"andtheanswer wouldbe,letussay:"John," "Paul,""TheAngelGabriel,"or, inthecaseofGod,itwouldbe either:"GodtheFather,"or "GodtheSon,"or"TheHoly Spirit."Thisanswertellsus thePersonaboutwhomweare speaking.Nowifyouwereto askthesetwoquestionsabout OurLordandanswerthemcor rectly,youwouldhavetheshortestpossiblestatementofthe meaningoftheIncarnation.You askfirst:"WhatisJesus Christ?"andtheansweris:"He istrueGodandtrueMan."In etherwords.HehastwoperfectlydistinctNatures-theHuman andtheDivine.Youthenask:

"WhoisJesusChrist?"andthe answeris:"HeisGodtheSon," or"HeistheWordofGod,"or "HeistheSecondPersonofthe BlessedTrinity."Andsoyou findthatinChristthereisone Person,andthataDivinePerson,huttherearetwoNatures, theHumanandtheDivine. ChristwasGodfromalleternity, hutHebecameManwhensome nineteenhundredyearsago,He tooktoHimselfahumanbody andahumansoul.Thatis whatSt.Johnmeanswhenhe saysintheprologuetohisGos. nel:"TheWordwasmadeflesh anddweltamongus." Tnthat sameprologueyouhavethis doctrinewhichIhavebeentrytoexplaintoyou,exnressed clearly.TheGospelopens withthewords:"TnthebeginninewastheWord,andthe WordwaswithGod.indicatine thedistinctionofPersonbetween theFatherandtheWord.Rut thenSt.Johncontinues:"And theWordwasGod.indicating theidentityofNature.

Nowtocometoyourques. tion,"TrueChristian."You askhowcanawoman,theVirginMary,becalledtheMother ofGod?AndIanswer:The BlessedVirginMary,OurLady, gavebirthtoJesusChrist,who isGod.Henceitisperfectly accuratetocallhertheMother ofGod.Jtwould,ofcourse,be blasphemoustosaythatHederivedHisGodheadfromher.It wouldalsobeabsurd.TheChild towhomMarygavebirthin BethlehemwasbothGodand Manandfromthatfactfollows hertitleandherdignity.

RIDICULOUSTOTALKOFA BRITISHBIBLE

"BibleSearcher"Collie:

"Ilistenedwithgreatinterest toyouranswerstothequestionsof"BibleLover"onthe readingoftheBible.,ButI wouldliketoaskyouwhydo Catholicshavetoaddthe Apocryphaoruninspiredbooks totheBritishBibleandadd footnotesalsototheBible?"

A.:Firstofall,Catholicsdon't havetoaddtheApocryphatothe Bible.Secondly,theApocrypha,inthesenseinwhichyou understandtheward,arenotuninspiredbooks,andthirdly,itis ridiculoustotalkofaBritish Bible.Now,asregardsthe Apocrypha.AnyonewhocomparesaProtestantBiblewitha Catholiconewillfindthatthe latterhassevenmoreBooksin theOldTestamentthantheformer,viz.:Wisdom,Eccleciasticus, Tobias,Judith,Baruch,andthe twoBooksofMaccabees;further hewillfindthatcertainportions ofEstherandofDanielareomittedintheProtestantBible.It istruethatinmostProtestant BiblestheseBooksandportions ofBooksarefoundattheend undertheheading"Apocrypha," buttheyarenotconsideredto beCanonicalorinspired.The

CatholicChurch,onthecon trary,acceptsthemallasof equalauthoritywiththerestof theBooks.Thereasonforthe divergenceliesinthefactthat theProtestantBibleonlycon. tainsthoseBookswhichareto befoundintheHebrewBible, whereastheCatholicBibleis based,notontheHebrewor Jewishtradition,butonthe GreekJewishBibleusedbyOur LordandtheApostles.After thedestructionofJerusalemin 588B.C.,theJewswerescattered;manyofthemfoundtheir waytoEgypt,andthere,in courseoftime,atranslationof theBibleintoGreekwasformed. Itseemscertainthatthelistof Booksconsideredauthoritativein PalestinedifferedfromthatacceptedinEgypt,henceitiscustomarytospeakoftheHebrew andGreekCanons,respectively. BooksfoundintheHebrewBibles,aswellasintheGreek,are called"Proto-canonical,"asbelonging'othe"firstcanon," whilethosefoundonlyinthe GreekBiblesarecalled"Deutercanonical,"asbelongingtothe "secondcanon."ItistheselatterbooksthattheProtestant Biblescall"Apocryphal,"whereasCatholicsconfinethattermto Bookswhicharetoberejectedas notbeinginspired,e.g.,theAssumptionofMoses,theGospelof Peter.(Pope-Aidstothe Bible.0.T.).

Wellnow"BibleSearcher,"in answertoyourquestionabout the`Apocrypha."Isaythatthe so-calledReformersofthe XVIth.centuryhadnowarrant whatevertodecidewhatBooks areorarenotinspired.That wastheofficeoftheinfallible Church,andwasperformedwhen theChurchfinallydrewupthe CanonofHolyScripture.

Youaskaboutthefootnotes

WelltheseareaddedtoEnglish translationsoftheBiblewhich arepublishedfortheuseoflayfolkwiththeobjectofhelping thereadertounderstandthein spiredwordofGodcontainedin HolyScriptures.This,too,is oneofthefunctionsoftheteachingChurch.

Finally.youask:

"WhyshouldnottheBiblebean openbookforeveryonetoread andsearch?"

A.:Withpropersafeguardsit shouldbe,andasamatterof fact,itisintheCatholic Church.FromwhatIhavesaid onpreviousoccasionsonthedifficulyoftheBibleandfromthe testimonyofexperience,itis clearthatunguidedandindiscriminatereadingoftheScripturesisliabletoleadreaders intoerror,ratherthantothe knowledgeofthetruth.

Stovesrelinedor

CHILDRENFIRST

AStoryby"MiriamAgatha"

Ihadalittlenuttree, Andnothingwoulditbear, 1.ceptasilvernut-meg

Andagoldenpear.

TheKingofSpain'sdaughter Cametovisitme, Allforthesake

Ofmylittlenut-tree.

Thechildrendancedround androunduntiltheyweretoo tiredtoplayanylonger.Then theythrewthemselvesunder theshadeofthebigfigtree, breathless,happy.

Theyoungladysittingonthe seatbehindthetreehadheard theirhappysingingasiffrom agreatdistance;sheseemed lostinseriousthought.When thechildrensatsoclose,she wasabouttoleaveherposition, butchanginghermind,settled downtolistentotheirprattle. "Iiwilldomegood-takemy mindoffthisproblem.Igo roundandroundthesubjectas thechildrengoroundandround intheirgame."

WinifredO'Harawasfondof children;shelikedtowatch thematplay;shelovedtolie tentotheirconversations.

"Myauntielookedlovely!" saidahappy,excitedlittle voice.''Shehadasatindress withalongtrain.Mytwolittle cousinscarriedit;theyare twins.Theyweredressedinpale greenandhadwreathsoflily of-the-valley-realones,notar tificial.

"Mayisanunluckymonthfor weddings,"remarkedoneofthe group.

"Don'tbesilly!"

"Itisn't!"

"Nomonth,nodaycouldbe unlucky-themonthsandthe daysareallthesame."

'Ofcourse!"(inachorus,for. t'.ssimo).

"MayisOurLady'smonth.It it,abeautifultimeforweddings."

"Ofcourseitisl"(another chorus,alsofortissimo).

Havingsilencedsuperstition, thenarratorwenton:"Shehad pearlsroundherneck-real ones."

"DidshewearherChildof Marycloak?"

"Yes.Sheworeitcomingin tothechurch.AlltheChildren ofMarywereintheircloaks; theymadeaguardofhonour; theylookedlikeangels."

"I'mgoingtohaveawedding likethat,"criedoutonedecided littletinklingvoice.

"So'mI,"echoedhalf-a-dozen others."Aren'tyou,Mary?"

"No,"cameanotherdecided littlevoice."Iamgoingtobe anun."

"So'mI,"agreedthreeorfour others.

One-thirdofthegroupwere foralifeinreligionandtwothirdsformarriedlife;noone electedtobeaspinster.Their futurethussimplyandhappily settled,theyfellagaintotalking ofMary'sauntie'sgrandwed. ding.

"Tellussomemoreabout it,Mary."

"TheyhadaNuptialMassaweddingMass,youknow.They hadseatsonthesanctuary.It istheonlytimeawomanisallowedonthesanctuary.Abride istheonlyoneletin."

"Whataboutladiesdoingthe altar?"

"Oh-that'sdifferent.Massis notgoingon,then.Womendo notenterthesanctuarywhena ceremonyisgoingon."

"Tellusaboutthewedding," urgedoneimpatientlittleone.

"Theyeachhadaprie-dieu

"Awhat?"interruptedsomeone.

"Shush."

"Youknow-alittlekneeler foryourself,liketheoneunder thebigcrucifix.

"Oh,isthatwhatitis? 1 didnotknowthatname."The puzzledvoicehadchangedtoone ofsatisfaction.

"Theprie-dieuwastiedup withwhiteribbonsandwhite flowersandtherewerewhite ribbonsontheirchairs,andtheyhadwhitesatincushionsto kneelon.Andtherewasabig whitebell-amarriage-bellof flowershangingoverthemwhen

theykfrieltatthelittlegates; andalltheseatsinthechurch (wheretheweddingguests were)hadwhiteribbonsand whiteliliesonthem.

"ThepriestgavethemaspecialblessingduringtheMass andsprinkledthemwithHoly Water.HecarriedHolyCommunionovertothem. My grandmothercriedthen:Sodid I."

"Mothersalwayscryatweddings."

"Wonderwhy?"

"Theycrywhentheirgirls aregoingtobenuns-atthe ceremony,Imean."

"Yes."

"Isupposetheyaresot-1ythe aregoingaway'from them."

"Isupposetheirmotherscried whentheyweremarriedrightback,always.Ourmotherswillcrywhenwegetmarried ."

"OrwhenwegototheConvent."

"Iknowwhoshouldcrymost," saidone

"Who?"littlegirl. washurledatherby alltheothers.

"Amotherwhosegirlisnot marryingaCatholic. Ithinkit isterribletoseethemallgoing intothesacristytobemarried. Thatwouldmakemotherscry. ItislikeinsultingOurLordlikenotaskingHimtothemarriage;;askingallyourfriends andrelationsbutnotHim."

"Yes.Thatisjustwhatitis like."

"Iwon'thaveaweddingin thesacristy,anyhow,"saidone. "NO-oneinourfamilyevermarriedoutsidetheChurch.I'm notgoingto."

"Neith'mI,"agreedallthe Littlevoicesofthebrides-to-be, whilethefourprospectivereligiouslookedverywiseand verysorryforthosefoolish, Catholicgirlswhocontract mixedmarriages.

"Wouldn'titbeterrible,"said Mars-,"tohaveoneofyour parentsnotaCatholic-tohave mixed-marriageparents'?"

"Dreadful!Whatwouldithe likeonSundaysifyourfather ormotherdidnotgotoMass?'

"Itwouldbelonelytohave amotherwhowasnotaCatholic.Youwouldloveherjustas much,ofcourse,butitwouldbe verylonelynottobeableto talkaboutreligiontoher.She wouldnotbeabletoanswer ourquestions."

"Shecouldn'tsinghymnsfor youwhenyouwereababy."

"Shecouldn'ttellyouabout herFirstCommunionDay."

"Orthenunsatherschool, becauseshewouldnothavebeen withthenuns."

"Wouldn'titbestrange?"

"Yes.Yourownmotherw.sild belikeastranger."

"Likesomeonefromanother country."

"I'mgladmymotherisa Catholic,"criedajoyfulvoice, likeayoungsaint'sintoninga Credo.

"So'mI,"chorusedanangelic choir.

"Tellusmoreaboutthewedding."

"Oh,someonesang'Ave Maria'andsomeoneplayeda 'WeddingMarch,'youknow-La. la-la?lalala.Thatone.Andthey threwrosepetalsalloverthem. (Ilikeconfetti'butFather Leahywon'tletthemuseit.It getsalloverthechurchandit ishardforoldMr.Caseyto sweepitout.)Someonetiedan oldshoeonthecar.That'sonly fun-anoldcustommyfather saysitis.

"Thentherewastheparty. Andthat'sall."

Theyounggirlsittingatthe othersideofthegreattreewas stillasastatue;herfacehad paledalittle.'Mixed-marriage parents.'Thequaintphraserang inherears. Justthenamerry,girlish voicebrokeinonherreflections.

"Ah!Thereyouare,looking likeabeautifulnymph.Doyou inhabitthistree,faircreature? HaveIdaredtokeepyou waiting?"

(Concludednextweek)

PrintedandPublishedbyKeith

DearCornerites

St.Patrick'sDayisalmoston us,andonceagainourthoughts willturntodearoldIreland, thelandwheretheFaithisso strong.Itisgoodtoknowthat today,asofold,theFaithof ourFathersburnsbrightlyin Ireland-morebrightly,perhaps, thaninanyotherpartofthe world

TwodaysafterSt.Patrick's DaywecelebratetheFeastof St.Joseph,foster-fatherof'the ChildJesusandPatronofthe UniversalChurch. Letusprayearnestlyduring thenextfewdaysthatthosetwo greatSaints,JosephandPatrick,willobtainfromGodspecialfavoursforHisChurchon earth.Wearelivingintimes ofgreatstressandgreatneed. St.JosephandSt.Patrickare strongadvocatesinHeaven. Praydevoutlytothemforyour spiritualandmaterialwants. Cornerites,especially,shouldnot neglecttopressthecauseofthe Bushies.

IdohopethateveryonejoininginthecelebrationsonMarch 17thwillhaveagloriouslyhappy time.Donotforgettowear thegreenonSt.Patrick'sDay. -Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

.RuntBessy's LETTERBOX

St.Joseph'sCollege, Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy.-Thisismy firstletterthatIamwriting toyou,andIhopeyouwillenjoyit,I'monlytenyearsof age.IgotoSaintJoseph'sCollege,andI'minfifthstandard. I'vebeengoingtoSaintJoseph's CollegesinceIwasfouranda halfyearsold.Therewillbea bigconcertonthe17thofMarch whichiscalledSaintPatrick's Concert.Ourschoolisputting onasingingchoir,andour songsare:"LetErinRemember theDaysofOld,""Though DarkAreOurSorrows,""Little ThatchedHouseintheWest Country,"andalsothesong called"CometotheDance." MissJoyAshtonisalsogoing topicksomegirlstodoadance andtheboysoftheChristian Brothers'Collegearegivingan item,andalsotheParry-street school.Thereisnomorenewsto tellyounow.sogood-bye.Yourlovingniece, ITAMULCAHY.

Dearlta.-Yourlongand newsyletterwasverywelcome -andaverygoodeffort,indeed, foraten-year-old.Congratula. tions,andIdohopeyouhave awonderfulconcertonSt. Patrick'sDay.-Sincerely AUNTBEgSY. St.Joseph'sCollege, Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy.-IamwritingtotellyouthatIpassed intoGradeV.Itisniceinthe newclassroom.Howdidyou enjoyChristmas-Ihadapleasantholiday.Thedaybefore wewentbacktoschoolIwentto thebeach.Itwasdelightfulat thebeach.Wetookalittleboy withusandhelikeditvery much.Wemadeasandcastle, andwhenwefinishedmaking thesandcastlewewentfora swim.Whenwewereswimming thewaterknockedoursand castledown.Wehadourdinnerandteaatthebeach.After wefinishedourteawewentfor awalkalongtheseashoreand

Ifoundashilling.ThentheBet gotvery'roughandwewent home.Iremain,yourloving niece, DAWNKNIGHT.

DearDawn.-I'mverygladto hearthatyouareprogressing atschoolandthatyoulikeyour newsurroundings.Whatdidyou dowiththatluckyshilling?sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sCollege, Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy.-Yesterday wenttotheLumpers'Picnic withalady. Ienjoyedmyself verymuch,asIhadarideon theelephantandthreerideson thetoytrain.Firstofallwe hadalookatthelions,tigers, snakes,wolvesandmonkeys. Wegavethemonkeysgrapes.It wasfunnytoseethemeatthem. Wesawmanyotheranimals, too.Wehadaverynicetime. Therewereraces,andsomeman wonabeautifulcup.Therewere racesforthechildrenanda

veryenjoyableconcert.This yearIaminstandardV,and Ilikemylessonsverymuch.I likeEnglishverymuch.Ws havepaintingatschool,andI likethattoo.Iwillwriteagain. hopeyouarewell.Iremain, yourlovingniece,

BETTYMULCAHY.

DearBetty.-Iam,thankGod, cell;andIcanseethatyou, too,areingoodhealth.No littlegirlcouldenjoyherselfif shewerenotwellandhappy. Thatisgood.Writeagainsoon.

-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

SEPTEMBER.

ByJuliePearse(11years),St. Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle.

Whobringsthepansiesbright andgay?

Whohelpsthesuntoshineall day?

Wholuresthechildrenoutto play?itis!Itis!September.

Whobringsthestatelyhollyhock?

Whobringstheweeforget-menot?

Whobringsthelovelyperfumed stock?

Itis!Itis!September.

Whobringsthemodestviolet! Whobringsthemignonette?

Whocanrecallwhenthesefirst mett Itis!ItislSeptember.

FrancisSpruhan,at"TheRecord"Office,450HayStreet,Perth.