The Record Newspaper 26 February 1947

AnotherAustralianProfessedasBenedictine

OnSunday,February16,New Norciaonceagainwitnessedthe evermemorableandimpressive ceremonyofSolemnProfessioin.

Thiswasthedayofdaysfor DomHildebrandRussell,O.S.B., whomadehissolemnvowsinthe presenceoftheBenedictineCommunity,atthehandsofthe LordAbbot,AnselmCatalan, O.S.B.

TheLordAbbotandhisCommunityweremosthappytowelcomeanothermemberintotheir ranks,andtowitnessanother youngAustraliandedicatinghimselfforevertotheserviceof GodintheillustriousOrderof St.Benedict,whichhasgivenso manysaintsandscholarstothe Church.

WecongratulateDomHildebrandonhischoiceandhisresolutiontofollowhisholyvocation.Wecongratulatehisparentsontheprivilegeconferred ontheirson,whichistheirsalso. Weweredisappointedthatthey werenotpresentattheceremony,buttheywerewithusin spiritaswewiththem.HoweverDomHildebrandhadthe consolationofavisitfromhis parentsatNewNorciasometime ago.

DomHildebrandwasbornin AdelaideonJanuary23,1924.

AfterfinishinghisprimaryeducationwiththeSistersofSt. Joseph,hecompletedhissecondaryeducationattheChristian Brothers'College,"Rostrevor," inAdelaide.In1942hecame toNewNorciatobeginhisnovitiate.Hisnovitiatecomplet- ed,hemadehistemporarypro-fessionandbeganhiscourseof ecclesiasticalstudiesforthe Priesthood.Heisnowaboutto enteruponthecourseofTheologyandSacredScripture.We wishhimaveryfruitfulandsuccessfulcourseofstudies.

DuringtheceremonytheLord Abbotdeliveredabriefbuttellingaddress.Hestressedthe essentialsofthelifeofamonk inaBenedictineMonastery.He explainedveryclearlythatthe stabilityvowedbytheMonkis notanidlestability.Itisa stabilitybusywiththebusiness ofGod,busywiththestudyand thepracticeofthefundamental virtuesofhumility,obedience andfraternallove.Further,he usedwithgreateffectthefollowingtextsfromthePsalms:"One dayspentinyourcourtsisbet-

I)()MHILDEBRANDRUS-

O.S.B.

terfarthanathousandothers. hadratherdwellintheHouseof myGodthanintheabodeofsinn.rs."(Ps.83,11)."Thisismy restingplaceforeverandever more:HereshallIdwell,becauseIhavechosenitmyself." (Ps.131,14).

TheCommunity,makinguse oftheprivilegegrantedonthe occasionofSolemnProfession, chantedthePrayeroftheMass forasolemnprofession.The OrdinaryoftheMasswasalso inGregorianchant:"Kyriemeg naeDeuspotentiae."

(ByaSpecialCorrespondentof''TheCatholicWeekly,"Sydney.)

TheHon.JamesMcGirr,newly-appointedPremierofNewSouth Wales,isamemberofanoutstandingCatholicfamily,which, sincetheearliestdaysinAustralia,hasbeenprominentinits educationalandliteraryhistory,and,inmarerecenttimes, hasfiguredinitspoliticalstridestonationhood.

Mr.JamesMcGirr,aged56 years,istheyoungestofafamilyofsevenchildren.His father,thelateMr.JohnMcGirr, withhisbrother.James,came outasafreesettlerfromIreland.

Theycametotheiruncle, FatherJamesMcGirr,who,in 1867,wasappointedasthefirst priesttobePresidentofSt. Stanislaus'College,Bathurst.

Previoustothisappointment, FatherJamesMcGirrhadbeen teachingatSt.John'sCollege, withintheUniversity-wherehe wasordainedbyDr.Quinn,the firstBishopofBathurst,who appointedhimtoSt.Stanislaus'. FatherMcGirrwasconsideredto beanoutstandingman,withexceptionalmentalgifts.

BeforeSt.Stanislaus'became aCatholicCollege,itwasadenominational'Theh.chool,conductedbyFatherJamesMcGirr'scousin,Mr.MichaelMullinsMcGirr,andhiswife,who cametoAustraliaabout1850. HewasaUniversitygraduate withhonoursinClassics,MathematicsandPhilosophy.HebecameanaldermanofBathurst CouncilandafoundationmemberoftheAustralasianHoly CatholicGuild.

EarlyHistory.

Therecordsofallthisearly historyhavebeencarefullypre- served,andFatherJohnHall, C.M.,givesthefullestdetailsof itinhishistoryofSt.Stanislaus'College,whichhasbeen recentlypublished.

Intherecordsofthetimes MichaelMcGirr'sschoolhas beendescribedas"facileprin. cepsamongsttheschoolsofthe day.Foryearshesentstudcntsfromthehighschooltothe University,andhisnameasan accomplishedscholarspreadfar andwide."Hiswifetaughtthe girls'schooltilltheSistersof MercycametoBathurst.

Mr.andMrs.McGirrthenleft theschool,andMichaelMcGirr, withMr.Sutler,becameowner andeditorof"TheFreeman's Journal."Hisdaughterwrote forthepaperformanyyears. Mr.McGirr'slinguisticabilityandscholarshipwasahousehol cordinhisday.ThisoldhisteoryofCatholiceducationand journalismis.indeed,aproud one.

AfterFatherJamesMcGirr leftSt.Stanislaus'hebecame pastorofParkesdiocese,which stretchedtoBourkeononeside andLakeCargellicoonthe other-takingafullyearfora priesttocoverinthosedays.

GoldProspector.

FatherMcGirrheremarried

Mr.andMrs.JohnMcGirr,parentsofPremierJim.Mrs.McGirrwasMaryO'Sullivan,a memberofamusicalandpoliticalIrishfamily.Shewason avisittorelationsatBathurst whenshemetJohnMcGirr.

atSt.Stanislaus'College,Bathurst,andafterwardsdidpharmacyatSydneyUniversity,gaininghisPh.C.Heworkedasa pharmacistforsomeyears,then gainedtheLabourselectionfor Cootamundra,andbecameits member.Hispoliticallifehas beenquiet. HebecameMinisterforHealth in1941,laterMinisterfor Transport,thenHousing.He wasmarriedlateinlifetoMiss ValerieArmstrong,ofOrange. Herfatherhadbeenatachedto theEducationDepartment.She hasalwaystakenagreatinterestinCatholicactivitiesand charityworkgenerally,andis amemberofCusaandtheLegionofCatholicWomen.They havethreechildren,allofschool age-MargaretatSantaSabina, Strathfield.andJamesandPatrickattheChristianBrothers' College,Strathfield. Premier'sFamily.

TheothermembersoftheMcGirrfamilyandtheirinterests are:James'eldestbrother,Potrick,hasalwayshadagreatlove oftheland.ashehelpedonthe farminleanyears,andasa consequence,didnothavethe opportunityofgoingtoboarding schoolliketherestofthefamily. Hehascontinuedtomakethe landhismaininterest,andisa verywealthyman.Hehasbeen amemberoftheLegislative Councilfor30years.

NexttohimisMargaretMcGirr,whodistinguishedherselfwithhermusicalstudies.She isSisterMaryCeciliaofthe ConventofMercy,Yass.

NextinageisGreg.,themost dynamicpersonalityoftheMcGirrfamily.Hewaseducated atSt.Stanislaus'College,Bathurst,andafterwardsdidpharmacyatSydneyUniversity, wherehegainedthePh.C.He wasinstrumentalintheMcGirr familytakinganactivepartin politics.

In1906hemadethefirststep bybeingoneofthefirstthree selectedLabourcandidatesfor theSenate-Clack,McDougall andMcGirr,andsothebasisof apoliticallifewasmade.

MotherhoodDrive.

Afterwards,Gregbecamethe firstMinisterforMotherhood, andfoughtahardfightfor MotherhoodEndowment.He wasDeputy-Premierandalmost Premier.Hedidnotallowpoll- icstoabsorbhimcompletely,as ithasJamesMcGirr.Healwaysretainedhiscommercialinterests,consequentlyisawealthyman.

HemarriedRachelMillerHermes,abrilliantArtsgradu- ateof theySydneyUniversity,where met.Forherprominence in workCatholicandphilanthropic shehasreceivedtheCross ofLeofromHisHolinessPope PiusXII.,andtheO.B.E.from thepresentKing.Sheisvery well tions,knowninmanyorganisaandisacouncillorofthe LegionofCatholicWomen.

TheGregMcGirrshaveeight children,almostallUniversity graduatesandmarriedtogradu- ates-Dr.JohnMcGirr(hiswife JoyceTaylor,BA.),Mrs.Tom Bateman,M.A.,LL.B.(wifeof Dr.TomBateman),Dr.Gwen McGirr,Mrs.G.Molyneux(wife ofGrevoe-Molyneux,B.E.),RaymondMcGirr,B.A.,GregoryMcGirr,H.D.A.,TrixieMcGirr,a dentistrystudent,andNorma McGirr,apupilofLoretoConvent,Kirribilli.

NextinagetoGregisMinnie,whomarriedFrankEgan (nowdeceased).Shegainedher musicaldiploma,anddidpharmacyforashortperiodatthe UniversityShehadthreechildren:Mary,whohadgraduated brilliantlyfromtheConservatoriumofMusic,andPatandGreg, whoarebothontheland.

PeterMcGirr,thenextmemberofthefamily,isontheland at Bryant,Bourke.HemarriedBeryl aschoolteacherfrom Parkes.Theyhavethreechildren,MargaretandBetty,whoarestudyingArt,andPeter,at schoolatSt.Joseph'sCollege.

NexttoJiminageisAnnie, whohasremainedunmarried, andcaredforherparentsuntil theirdeath.

ThencomesJimhimself,and withsucharichheritageofCatholictradition,althoughthe burdensofthejobwhichhehas beforehimareheavy,hewill takethemastheycome.and makeasuccessofhistasklike hiskinsmenbeforehim.

WhenSisterMaryofSt.JohntheEvangelistmadeherreligiousprofessiOnattheMotherHouseoftheGoodShepherdNuns, Abbotsford,Victoria,herparentshadthehappinessofbeing present,togetherwithMrs.Egan(grand-aunt).Beforeenteringthereligiouslife,Sr.M.S.JohnwasknownasMissKathleenHoyne,andwasemployedby"TheRecord."Shewas anactivememberoftheLegionofMary.

JohnMcGirr,likesomanyadventurousmenLfhistime,threw mostofhiscapitalintogoei prospect4ng,andwasunsuccessful.Inordertoseethefamily overabadtimetheystarteda dairyfarme:thwhatremained ofhismoney.Theysoonprospered,andPremierJim'sfather thenenteredthefieldofproperty investment,andwhenhedied wasawealthyman.

Oftheirsevenchildren,Jimis theyoungest.Hewaseducated

SELL.

Sectioninmanylovelycolours. Hereisagrandopportunityfor youtosavemoneybymaking yourownChristmasgiftsthis .440t4ii, year.

orkfWagesandProperty

ByDR.ARTHURRYAN,D.D.,D.Ph.

TheteachingofCatholicsoiologyonprivatepropertyis requentlymisunderstood.That heChurchdefendstherightof privatepropertyissometimes construedtomeanthatsheupholdsthepresenteconomicsystemasthebestsafeguardof privateproperty.Butthatis anunderstatementsograveas tobeaseriousmisrepresentation. ThewholepointoftheteachingofthePopesisthatthepresentstructureofsocietyinindustrialisedStatesmustbereformedpreciselybecauseit makesprivatepropertyinaccessibletovastnumbersofthepeople.Consequently,theCatholic attitudeisilldescribedasapolicyofdefendingprivateproperty,forthatconveystheimpressionthatwidespreadprivate propertyisaprevailingsocial fact,whichisnottrue.TheCatholicpolicyisthemuchmore radicalpolicyofextendingprivatepropertytothewidestpossiblecircles.

Inordertobringthisabout, however,itisfutiletotalkof revolutionarychangessuchas seizingthepropertyoftherich anddividingitupamongstthe poor.Tolayviolenthands uponthedelicatestructureof oureconomiclifeandtotearit topieceswould,insteadofbuildingabetterState,leaveusin greaterchaosandmisery.And eveninthegradualamelioration throughcorporativeactivityor legislativeactionitisimportant tobeasfairtotheemployeras totheemployed,apoiintwhich isoftenoverlookedbythemore impassionedsocialreformers.

Theemployerperformsaninvaluablesocialfunction;hehas aright,instrictjustice,tohis remuneration-hispersonalprofits.Ifdemandsaremade whichanundertakingisunable tobear,notonlywilltheemployersufferbyhavingtoclose down,hutthelabourerwillbe thrownonthemarket,andthe wholecommunitywillbethe poorer.Hence,PiusXL,in "QuadragesimoAnno,"insists thatinintimatingajustwage threethingshavetobeconsidered:

(1)Theneedsoftheworker andhisfamily;

(21theconditionoftheenterprise;and

(3)thecommonwelfare.

Inparagraphs72and73ofthat greatEncyclicalheshowsthat hisideasarenotUtopian,but practicalwhenheinsiststhatif anenterprisesuffersfromunfair handicapsorinabilitytogetproperprices,itisthedutyofthe employeestomeettheemployer inaconsciousnessofmutualresponsibility,andtobereadyto makesacrificesinordertotide overthedifficulty.Noamount ofeconomictheory,andnoState planning,willeverbeableto avoidsuchdifficulties.Indealingwiththeexigenciesofthe commongood,HisHolinesswith greatinsightinsiststhatthe twoextremesofwagelevel-the undulyhighaswellastheunduly low-areequallydamagingto thecommunity;becausethe widespreadprovisionofworkfor thosewhoareableandwilling toworkarenecessaryiftheawfulscourgeofunemploymentis tobeavoideddependsupona reasonablescaleofwages.

Headdsthatthosewhofor theirprivateprofitinsiston raisingwagesundulysinnoleas againstsocialjusticethanthose wholowerthemunduly;andhe showshowintricatelythejust wageiswovenintowidelydiverseeconomicrelationsand whatprofoundknowledgeofeconomicconditionsisnecessarybeforethesmallestquestionis solved. Sidebysidewiththeseregulationsoragreementsaboutwages andconditionsoflabour,thereis anothermethodofensuringthat therichplaytheirpartinthe bringingaboutofsocialjustice, amethodwhichmostmodern Statesadoptfairlythoroughlydirecttaxation.

Itisarecognisedprinciple, andoneformallystatedbySt ThomasAquina;s amongst others,thateverycitizenmust contribute,accordingtohis means,totheconservationof

theS'ate.Butasitwouldbe unjustthatthepoormanshould payasmuchasthewealthyman, soitwouldbeequallyunjust tomakethewealthymanbear alltheburden,fortheState ministerstothewelfareofall, notofthewealthyalone.Probablytheprogressivetax,rather thantheproportional-thatisto say,taxationrisingingeometricalratherthaninarithmetical progression-isthefairermethod,andithastheadditionaladvantageoftendingtocounteract theundueconcentrationof wealth.

Theincidenceoftaxationon theidlerichshould,ofcourse, hemuchheavierthanthaton thoserichmenwhowork;and, inthisconnectionIcannothelp confessingthestrongestsympathyforincreasedtaxationof thoseproperty-valueswhich haveaccruedthroughnoactivity oftheowner,butentirelythrough thedevelopmentofthecommunity.ThesingletaxofHenry Georgemaynothaveallthe magicpropertieswhichheclaimedforit,butsurelyhiscentral principle,thatsocietyshould rfapthebenefitforwhatsocial developmentalonecreates,is notanunsoundone.

Butperhapsthemosturgent taskthatfacestheindustrialised ytateissotoarrangeeconomic life,thattheantagonismof elasses,theantagonismbetween the"haves"andthe"have-nots," willbeeliminated.

Notwithstandingtheimprovementsofrecentyearsasaresult ofindividualisteconomy,theeconomicstructureisstilllargely basedontheviewthatlabouris amarketablecommodity;and since,onthemarket,oneman's advantageistheotherman'sdisadvantage,weareconstantlyon thevergeofconflict.

PiusXI.callsthisconditionof affairs"agravedisorder,"and pleadsmosturgentlyforanorganicre-arrangementofsociety, bywhichmenwillbeboundtogether;notaccordingtothe positiontheyoccupyinthelabourmarket,butaccordingtothe diversefunctionswhichtheyexerciseinsociety."Heplaces theemphasis,notonthehuman lawofsupplyanddemand,but onfunctionandperformance.By

whatparticularmeasurethatis tobebroughtabout,thePope doesnotpresumetosay;indeed, heexpresslyrefrainsfromdoing morethantooutlinethegeneral principles,anddisclaimsanydesiretodictatedetails.

Inconclusion,itmustbesaid thattherearemanythingswhich legislationororganisationis powerlesstodo.Itisonething tostatemoralprinciples,another thingtoenforcethem.Youcannot,byaconstitution,makeemployersrealisethathumanlabourismorepreciousthanmerchandise;orthatafreeandcontentedmanisthebestandmost productiveworker.Youcannot byanActofParliamentmake theworkersrealisethatemployersarenotnecessarilylazyvampires,northattheclassstruggle isadisastrousmistake,northat theyhavedutiesaswellas rights.

Neithercanyoubypassinga lawconvinceapleasureloving agethattheMillenniumisa myth,thatnoeconomicdevice canproduceaworldofluxury andease,butthatitwillremain truetotheendoftimethatman mustearnhisbreadbythesweat ofhisbrow.Afterall,these aretheimponderabiliaofeconomics;andnolegislativemeasurescanestablishthem.Only religioncandothat;andthatis whytheChurchnevertiresof callingtheworldbacktoChristianprinciplesandpractice. Thatshedoessoisoftena stumblingblocktoeconomists. "What,"theywillask,"hassayingyourprayersgottodowith theproblemsofcapitalandlabour?"Theanswerissimple. ItisthatChristianityalone givesapurposetohumanstrivingandanabsolutevaluetohutitantoil,thatChristianity teachesthattogainallthe wealthofCroesusandsuffer thelossofone'ssoulisfolly. Butifyoutakeawaybeliefin Godandinman'seternaldestiny, thenrichesbecomethesupreme goodinlife,andlabourbecomes, whatitwasintheancientworld, acurseandacontradiction.But thesearelessonsthatnostatecraftcanteach;theycanonly helearnedfromHimWhohad thefullrichnessofinfinitebeing,butWhowasatthesame timeaworkmanknownasthe SonofJoseph,theCarpenter.

The"MysticalBody"and theCo-operativeMovement

The"MysticalBody"isthefellowshipofChristiansunitedwith Christastheirhead.Inthis fellowshipnoChristianstands alone,fornoonecanbeunited withChristandisolatedfrom hisfellowmen.Everyact\ofa Christian,hetrefore,isnotan individualactbutaco-operative act."Ifonesuffersweallsuffer,ifonerejoicesweallrejoice."(St.Paul.) TheearlyChristianswerefully consciousofthisfact,andthey livedtheirdailylivesinthetrue spiritofChristiancharityand co-operation.ThemodernCatholicisnotsoawareofthis fact.HegoestoChurchand prayscollectively,sayingnot "me,mine,.1,"but"us,our,we"; however,inhisdailylifehelives asanindividualincontradiction tothisdoctrineoffellowshipin Christ.

NowtheCo-operativeMovenient,whetheradvocatedbyCatholicsorunbelievers,setsupa programmeofbrotherlyco-operation,reactingagainstindividualisminsocialandeconomiclife, againsttheindividualismthat hasproducedcut-throatcompetitioninbusiness,acompetition freedfromallmoralprinciples, andbasedonthedoctrineof everymanforhimself.II. Againsttheindividualismthat setseachoneagainsttheother inauniversaleconomicwarfare.

Sincetheco-operativemovementisagainstindividualism ineconomiclife,itis,inthat sense,inkeepingwithChristian ethicswhicharealsoagainstindividualism.

NowhereliesthegreatopportunityforCatholics.LetusencouragetheCo-operativemovement,butmorethanthatletus infuseintoitwhatwealonecan give,andwhatitsorelyneeds, thespiritoffellowshipinChrist. LetususethisCo-operative Movementasameanstoanend -namelytospreadcharityand Christianfellowshipandsolidarity.

"Thenonlywillitbepossible touniteallinajointstriving afterthecommongood.When thedifferentpartsofsocietyare allintimatelyconsciousofbeing membersofagreatfamilyunder oneandthesameheavenly Father,indeedofforming"one bodyinChristandeveryone membersoneofanother."(Pius GI.,"QuadragesimoAnno.")

TOBACt0RISEUNJUST.

ImpositionontheWorkers.

Theworkerhasveryfewlux- uries-aglassofbeer,apacket ofcigarettes,orabobortwoon thehorses.Thebeerbarons andthehotelkeepershavemade abottleofbeerunprocurable, andnosthepriceofsmokeshas beenincreasedtotenpenceha'pennyperpacketoften-sometimesnine.

BeforetheSecondGreatWar cigarettesweresixpence.Then theGovernmentwantedmoneyto payforthewar,soitclapped onanextrafourpenceexcise duty,andsothepricewentup totenpence.

MillionsinProfits.

Whenthepricewassixpence thegreatTobaccoCombinesestimatedtheirprofitsinmillions: whenthepricewastenpencethe profitwasstillestimatedinmillions.True,thecompanies' costswentup,butakindGovernmentsaiditwasunjustthat theTobaccoCompanies'margin ofprofitshouldbereduced,so outofpublicrevenueitpaida subsidy.Andtogetthemoney andsubsidisetheCombinesit taxedtheworkers.

SubsidyWithdrawn.

AboutamonthagotheGovernmentsaiditwasnotgoingto paythesubsidyanylonger.The Combinesandallengagedinsellingtobaccotothepublicimmediatelysaidthatifthesubsidy werenotpaidtheywouldhaveto increasethecostoftobaccoso thattheirprofitmarginscould bemaintained.Again,akind Governmentsaid."Yes,increase thepricetotenpenceha'penny."

Andsotheworkerwasagain slugged.TheGovernmentcontinuestotaxforasubsidywhich itnolongerpays,andtheprice isincreased.Theworkerthus ishitbothwaysatonce.Nobodyworriesabouthisprofit margins.TheCompaniesmake theirmillionsandtheGovernmentcollectsitsmillions.

WhentheGovernmentwithdrewitssubsidyitshouldhave reducedtaxationorinanyevent reducedtheexcisetokeepthe pricestable.

CATHOLICBISHOPSSUPPORT.

Government'sPricesAction. Paris.

Bishopsofthreeprovincesin Francehavewarmlysupported theGovernment'scampaignfor pricereductionsthroughoutthe country.

TheBishopofChalons-surMarne(MonsignorTissier)said: "Wefindourselvesfacetoface withacivicduty,whichourconsciencetellusmustbeperformed.Thereisadoubledutyhere.

"Ontheoneside,theproducers,industrialandagricultural, thewholesaleandretailmerchants,mustpractisepriceloweringasprescribedconscientiously,andontheothersidethe consumersmusthavenotraffic withtheblackmarketandtreat withrespecttheloweringof pricesbythemerchantsthemselves.

"CatholicsinFranceshouldbe amongthemostardentofthe upholdersofthisexperiment," hesaid.

TheBishopofLaval(MonsignorRichard)urgedallCatholics togivethemovetheirfullest suppor.

"Lifeamongthesocietyof one'sfellowmandemandsthat oneputssomethingofhisown intothecommongood,"hesaid.

HeaddedthathehopedallCatholicswoulddoalltheycouldto makethepricereductionplana success.

TheBishopofCarcassenne (MonsignorPays)said:"The Governmenthasdecidedona generalloweringofprices.It isabsolutelynecessarythatthis moveshouldbetakenveryseriouslybyalloftheFrenchpeople.TheCatholicsectionofthe communitycandoalargeshare oftheworkinmakingthiscampaignasuccess.

"IhopeallCatholics,notonly inmydiocese,butallover France,willthrowtheirweight behindtheGovernmentinthis move."

NIP.4.4.041.0.4....041.0.414.444,41.1141.4411.0%

HaveyourRacquetRestrainor RepairedbyNorm.Heart,expert strbsger,14BonMarcheArcade.

CARDINALCONGRATULATESGOVERNOR-GENERAL

HisEminenceCardinalGilroy sentthefollowingmessageto Mr.W.J.McKell,Governor-GeneralDesignateofAustralia:

"GladlytendertoYourExcellencymostcordialcongratu- lationsandtheassuranceof theunswervingloyaltyof theCatholicsubjectsofthe graciousSovereignwhohas chosenyouashissupreme representativeinAustralia. Yourunfailingkindnessto mepersonallygivesmeparticularsatisfactioninyour honorableappointment.May Godblessyouandguideyou inyourexaltedduties. Please,extendmycongratulationsalsotoMrs.McKell.

BADFILMSAFFECTYOUNG

MARRIEDCOUPLES.

MotionPictureAuthority's View.

Younghusbandsandwives,not the'teen-agers,arethe"most vulnerabletothecorrosiveeffects ofmanycurrentandrecentmotionpictures,"accordingtoMartinQuigley,publisherofmotion picturejournalsandanoriginatorofthemotionpictureproductioncodein1929,saystheLos Angeles"Tidings."

Mr.Quigleypointedoutthat therehasbeensubstantialeliminationofthecruderindecenciesandtheprogressivecurtailmentoftheglamouredcriminal inthemovies,which,froma moralstandPoint,hasbenefitted the'teen-ager.

IllicitScenes. Buttohusbandsandwives,in themidstoftheinevitabledifficultiesofearlymarriedlife,a numberofmoviesportraylifeattractivelytotheminavariety ofillicitanddishonourableavenuesofescape,headded.

"InanAmerica,"Mr.Quigley said,"inwhichtheCatholicideal ofmarriageisaminorityviewpoint,thetreatmentofmarriage intheentertainmentfilmwill longremainanacuteevil."

Mr.Quigley,whowasgraduatedfromtheCatholicUniversity ofAmericain1910,expressedhis viewsinanaddressattheuniversity'salumnireuniondinner inNewYork. Againstthevigorousandarticulateproponentsofan"art forart'ssake"policy,whichfrequentlyrejectsthemorallaw, Mr.Quigleysaid,ispittedconstantlytheclearandexactcounselimpartedbythelatePope PiusXI.intheEncyclicalwhich hedevotedtothesubjectofthe motionpicture.

InthedecadewhichhasintervenedsincetheEncyclical,Mr. Quigleysaid"certainwholesome resultsarisingoutoftheinstructionsoftheHolyFatherhave beenachieved,certainevilshave beenavoided."

"Thepowerofthefilm,"the publishersaid,"isuniversal."

"Itisfollytoimaginethatit isaproblemofyouthalone.

"Invaryingdegreesandin variousways,personsofevery ageandofeverysocialandin-

OTES

tellectualstatusareaffected... Letusrememberthatthemotion pictureisnotinitsinfancy.

"Itisamatureandpowerful mediumforthemakingofpublic theestablishmentof conceptsoflifeandliving;for corruptingorexaltingthedig- nityofman,"hedeclared.

PraisesCode.

Mr.Quigley,referringtothe productioncodewhichgoverns picturesproducedbytheorgan- isedindustryinthisnation,said thataconsiderabledebtofgrati- tudeisowedtotheCatholicUniversity,forthecodewasduein largemeasuretotheeffortsof threeoftheinstitution'sgreatprofessors-thelateBishopWil- liamTurnerandMgr.EdwardA. PaceandWilliamJ.Kirby.

Heremindedthatthecodeis notills""acure-allforthemoral ofthemovies,sincethere arethosewhooffermere"lip- service"butnoallegiancetoit, whilethenatureofthework opensagreatareaofitsinter- pretation.

Butallinall,hesaid,thecode hasprovenawholesomeandcon- structiveinfluenceinthelastdecade.

ChallengeofTimes.

Outliningtheplaceofthemo- tionpictureinfacingthechal- lengeofthetimes,Mr.Quigley declared:

"Everyintelligentandinformedpersonmustrealisethatan unendingstruggleliesaheadiftheseveralpopularmediaofex-pression,includingmotionpic- tures,aretobesafeguarded againstthedesignsofthosewhowouldusethemforthemoral andspiritualdebasementand politicalenslavementofthe peoplesoftheworld.

MoralOrder.

"Internationalpeacemaybe earnestlysoughtinmanywaysandundervariousmotives,"Mr. Quigleyconcluded."Butifit istobeachieveditwillbeac- hievedonlybya"Brotherhoodof ManundertheFatherhoodof God-inasocietyruledbya moralorderembracingjusticeandcharity."

CARDINAL'SBROTHERDIES INRUSSIA.

StarvedandDiedinPrison

CardinalCamp. Frings.Archbishopof Cologne,hasannouncedthathis brother,formerlyaLeipzigSupremeCourtjudge,whowaskid- nappedbytheRussianslastAug- ustwith13otherGermanintel lectuals,hasdiedincaptivity.

The Cardinal'sAmericansappointedthe brothertoacommissiontorestoretheintegrityof Gormanlaw.

HisEminencedescribedhisbrotheras"amanagainstwhom therewasnopoliticalreproach,a splendidCatholic,amanwhowas righteoustothecore."

Describingthetreatmentof the14kidnappedmen,theCardinal fromsaid:"Theyweredragged onecamptoanother.They wereleftinuttermisery.They starvedanddiedoftyphoid fever."

Whentheydiedtheyreceived nopriestlyministrationsandno Catholicburial.Nonotifications ofthe'deathshavebeenreceivedbytheirfamilies.

"Thereisnoindication,"added theCardinal,"thatanyonemade aneffortt(-,examinethecharges maleagainstthem,tofindthe guiltyandpunishthem.Manysimilarinstancesofcrimnalacts couldbecited.Noneofthem findsa:etrIge."

"ALLPARENTSSHOULD OWNTHEIRHOUSES."

"Itismostdesirablethatparentsshouldownthehousein whichtheylive,"saidCardinal Griffinrecently.

"Thefamilyisthemostimportantsocietyintheworld.It requiresahearthwhichistruly itsowninorderthatthefamily maybefullyindependent.

"Ifthechildrenareproudof theirhomestherecollectionof itshappyatmospherewillbe theirsurestsafeguardinlater life."

MASSTELEVISED'INHOLLYWOOD.

Newsoftheinitialattemptto televiseanimportantevent comesfromHollywoodthrough LydiaLoSchiavo,memberofa well-knownCatholicItalianfamilyofSydney,saysthe"CatholicWeekly."

MissLoSchiavoleftSydney somemonthsagoandhassince coveredmorethan23,000miles, mostlyintheUnitedStates, whereherinterestisintelevision.

ShewritesthatSolemnHigh MassonChristmasDaywaschosenforthefirstimportanttelevisedeventinAmericanhistory.

"Soimportantwasit,"she writes,"thatJamesPetrillo,who rulesMusicUnionswithaniron fist,relaxedsufficientlytogive hispersonalsanctiontouseorganmusicduringtheceremony. FineandPolished.

"Iwentalongtothe10o'clock Masstoacquaintmyselffully withthebackgroundand,with thestudioequipmentatmydisposal,settleddowntoseethe greatevent.

Theperformancewasfineand polished.Thealtarwasablaze ofcolour,butwhiteandgold predominatedandcausedaharsh glareonthetelevisionscreen. Theclose-upofthepulpitwas fine,foritwashelpedconsiderablybythecontrastingblack ofthecassockagainstthesurplice,andthepriest'svoicecame overcrystalclear.

InterestofNon-Catholics.

"Arunningcommentarybyan announcerwasaccompanied faithfullybythecameraman,and theMasswasexplainedsosimplyandbeautifullythatInoticedseveralnon-Catholicsinour littlegroupleanforwardto catcheveryworduttered.

"Nowandagain,thecameras, switchedtothestatues,theStationsoftheCross,thestained glasswindows,andthebowed headsofthecongregation.

"NeverhaveIbeensoimpressedbytheHolyMass,soyoucan imaginewhateffectithadort theothers.Thechoirwasperfect,andIwouldhavelikedto seesomecameraworkonthat choirofboysopranos.Their harmonywasfaultless the backgroundofpipeorganmusic wastheenvyofarepresentative ofDeccaRecordManufacture whosatalongside. Afeature wasmadeofthecommunicants, whoappearedobliviousofthe camera-clicking." MissLoSchiavodescribesCatholicfilmstarsasfinepeople. "Theamountofworktheydo concerningCatholiccharitycannotbemeasuredinshillingsand pence,"shesays."Iwouldlike Australianstoknowjusthow muchreligionispartofHollywoodbackground."

658,488CATHOLICSINSCOTLAND.

Thelatestofficialestimate, containedinthisyear's"ScottishCatholicDirectory,"places thenumberofCatholicsinScotlandat658,488.Thisrepresentsanincreaseof6,614onthe previousfigures.

Ofthisnumber,some480,000 areshowntobegroupedinthe Glasgowdiocese. Thesefigures,however,canbe takenasextremelyconservative. UnofficialestimatesputtheCatholicpopulationoftheGlasgow diocese,forinstance,atnearer onemillion.

ThewholeofScotlandnowhas 947priests.Ofthese485arein theGlasgowdioceseand234in St.AndrewsandEdinburgh. Glasgowhas118parishes.

BISHOPSTEWARTCONSECRATED.

COADJUTOROFSANDHURST DIOCESE.

MoatRev.BernardDenisStewart,D.D.,B.A.,LLB.,wasconsecratedCoadjutorBishopof Sandhurst,withrightofsuccession,onthe11th.inst.Thecolourful,expressiveandimposing ceremonywasperformedinSacredHeartCathedral,Bendigo. Theconsecratingprelatewas CoadjutorArchbishopSimmonds, ofwhoseparish,St.Mary'sStar oftheSea,WestMelbourne,Dr. Stewarthadbeenadministrator forthepast511years.

Co-consecratorswereArchbishopBeovich,ofAdelaide,and BishopLyons,ofChristchurch, N.Z.

BishopStewart,likethesetwo prelates,isanoldboyofSt. Joseph'sC.B.C.,NorthMelbourne.

Tohavethreepaststudentsin theEpiscopacyisarecordof whichSt.Joseph'sisjustifiably proud.

15Bishops;Over200Priests.

Presentattheceremonywere 16membersoftheEpiscopacy, includingCardinalGilroyand ArchbishouMannix,andover200 Monsignoriandpriests. attheconsecration MasswasBishopRyan,ofTownsville(Q.),formerlyapriestof theSandhurstDiocese.

BishopStewart,anativeof Essendon,is46yearsold.Heis asonofthelateMr.Ronald Stewart,aconvert,andofMrs. Stewart,of"RioGrande,"Dandenong-road,Armadale.

VaticanRadiosaysthattheincorporationofEasternPoland intoRussiahasresultedinthe suppressionofninedioceses staffedby5,168clergyandcontaining6,858,429souls.

By FrancisGilbert

TheState'sRight OverLife

Itwasasolemnmomentinour cityinthepastweekwhenone mandonnedablackcaptosay toanotherman:"Atatimeand platetobeappointedbythe Governor,youbehangedbythe neckuntilyouaredead."It wasasolemnmomentnotso muchfromsentimentalconsiderationsofthewretchednessofthe condemnedman,norofthe shameandsorrowofhisfamily, butbecausethemanintheblack capwasanticipatingtheprerogativeofGodHimselfinputting atermtoahumanlife.Whether thesentencewillbecarriedout ornotisextraneoustotheconsiderationoftherightofthe Statetotakehumanlife.Capitalpunishmentformurderand othercrimesiswrittenintothe StatuteBook;thecommutation ofthesentenceismerelyaquestionofthepolicyofthepolitical Tartyinpower.

Itistheclearteachingofthe Church,deriveduniversallyfrom theapprovedtheologians,that theStatehastherighttoinflict thedeathpenaltyforgrave crimes.St.Paul.inhisEpistle totheRomans.discussesthe dutyofcitizenstobesubjectto lawfultemporal authority (whichisultimatelyderived fromGod).Hewrites:"For he(thetemporalpower)is God'sministertothee,forgood. Butifthoudothatwhichis evil,fear:forhebearethnotthe swordinvain.ForIv,isGod's minister:anavengertoexecute wrathuponhimthatclothevil." FromthispassageitisreasonabletoconcludethatHolyScriptureconcedestherigntofthe Statetopunishcriminalswith theinflictionofdeath.

Moreover,apartfromanyexplicitBiblicalwarrantry,the matterofcapitalpunishment seemstoaccordwiththeuniversalconscienceofmankind.For theemploymentofthedeath penaltyhasbeenthepracticeof themostcivilisedStates.Andon

thebasisofsheerreasonitmay bearguedthattheStatemust haveallthosepowersnecessary fortheattainmentofitsend, thetemporalhappinessofits citizens.If,however,thetime shouldcomewhenlesserpenaltiesproveadequateaspunishmentforcrimesandfortheprotectionoflifeandproperty,then capitalpunishmentoughttobe abolished.

ThepolicyofLabouradministrationsinthiscountryseemsto acceptthislatterviewinthat thecapitalpenaltyisrarelyexecuted.Butcuriouslyenough heydonotpressforitsexcision fromtheStatuteBook.For mypart,Idoubtwhethertime andeducationwillevermitigate theeffectsofOriginalSinto uchanextentthatmankindwill beabletodispensewiththisextremepenalty,but,ontheother hand,itseemswisethatcue Stateshouldonlyinvokeitsaw fulprerogativetomeetcircumstanceswhichareexceptionally shocking.

CapitalisticApologia

OurSundaycontemporarylast weekcarriedafeaturearticle purportingtobea"frankdel',liceofCapitalism,"bythemanaging-directorofaseriesof chainstoresthroughouttheCommonwealth.Briefly,thegentleman'sthesiswasthat"our Capitalistsystemissoprecious thatwewillhavetofightforit courageously."ForCapitalism isfacingseriousthreatsonall ides.Thewayofsalvation, itisclaimed,liesnotinareturn tothestatusquobutinamodificationofthegreedofthebig mennotablythroughprofit-sharing.Ofcourse,thewriterof thearticleinquestionwasnot asfrankasallthat;indeed,he v:assomodestthathedidnot mentiontheword"greed"atall. Moreover,towardstheendofhis specialpleading,hefellinto someconfusionaboutthemeaningoftheterm"Capitalism,"

LAUBMAilLT&PANK (W.A.)

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77BARRACKSTREET-PERTH

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WeincorporatewithustheOpticalPracticesofOPTICALSUPPLIES(W.A.),LTD., OPTICALPRESCRIPTIONS(W.A.),LTD., FOY&GIBSON'SOPTICALDEPARTMENT, M.P.RYAN,Optometrist(lateOrientBuildings) AndHOLLYWOODMILITARYHOSPITAL.

Polandandthe Press

Veryfewpeopleinthiscountryrealisedthat,whenMr. DerekSelbywasforcedtoleave PolandbecausetheProvisional PolishGovernmentwouldnot granthimtheusualextensionof hisvisa,therewasnotasingle correspondentofBritishnationalityremaininginPoland.Mr. HectorMcNeil,theMinisterof State,disclosedintheHouseof Commonsthatwhiletherewere nownostaffcorrespondentsof anyBritishnewspaperoragency inPoland,thefollowingcorespondentsregularlysentdispatches:M.JoelCang(aPolish citizenwhoeditedaYiddish paperinPolandbeforethewar) tothe"JewishChronicle,"the "ManchesterGuardian,"and "TheTimes";Mrs.FloraGrusen (aCanadianbymarriage)tothe "DailyTelegraph"andthe"Observer";andMrs.RhodaMiller (aUnitedStatescitizen)and whichcouldscarcelyhavebeen accidental.Hebegantospeak feelinglyofthe"littlecapitalist"whoownshisownhome. Heendedwithapleatothose "whovaluetheirfreedomand rightofself-expression"tofight indefenceoftheCapitalistsysteminademocraticcountry.

PerhapsIamlackingthemilk ofhumankindness,butthis typeofadvocacyleavesmedryeyed.Capitalismisattheend ofitstether.thankGod,andI, forone,amentirelycynical aboutitsintentionsofstaginga death-bedrepentance.When themanaging-directorofachainstoreset-upbegsmetofightfor Capitalisminademocraticcountry,Ifeelthemomenthasarrivedtosetrightafewofhisideas.

InAustraliaweenjoyalarge measureofpoliticaldemocracy. buttheworkersofthiscountry, andespeciallythoseinfealtyto thechain-stores,haven'ttwopennorthofeconomicliberty. Andpoliticallibertydivorced fromeconomicfreedomisarottensham.Noamountofprofitsharingfacesuptothereality ofthateconomicbondage.It isnotaquestionofmoremoney nutofmorefreedom,theattainmentofwhichisnotpossible withoutthepersonalownership ofproductiveproperty.

1,ofcourse,realisethatso longaswemustplayballwith mass-productionmethods,the manufactureincertaintypesof industrywillnotlenditself tosmallunitsortopersonalownership.Thesecaseswillhave tobesolvednotonlybyprofitsharingbutbygivingworkersa realvoiceintheownershipand management. Everythingpossiblemustbedonetohaltthe dehumanisationprocessinevitablyboundupwithmassproduction.Butinagreatmanyotherinstancesbusinessisbeing conductedonalargescalewhere itcouldfunctionjustasefficientlyandwithawiderspreadof ownershipwereitconductedby aseriesofsmallunits.Chain storesareaglaringexampleof theunjustandunnaturalconcentrationofcapitalandruthless competitionagainstthesmall man.Itwasindeedunfortunatethatthemanaging-director ofachain-storeshouldhave urgedustofightforCapitalism, forthechain-storesystemisutterlyindefensible.

Now,abouttheuseofthe blessedword"Capitalism."By thistermweunderstandtheconcentrationofeconomicpowerin thehandseitherofafewprivate individualsoroftheState.The tendencyto-dayisarevoltagainstindividualisticCapitalismand anattempttoenditbyresortingtoStateCapitalism.What wewanttoseeisthebreaking downofthoseconcentrationsof economicpowerinfavourof widely-spreadpersonalownershipofproductiveproperty,not onlyinlandbutinsecondaryindustryalso.Itisasolutionas obviousasthenoseontheface, andforthatveryreasonseems alwaystobemissed.Butwe willcometoitintheend,for everythingofamonopolisticnatureisboundtofail.ThesystemofindividualisticCapitalism isbreakingup.ThentheState willhaveaturn,andperhapson theruinsofbureaucracythe smallmanwillmakeastart.

Mr.JohndaSllva(anIndian), occasionallyto"TheEconomist" and"Reynold'sNews."

Whenpeopleinthiscountry readarticlesbyspecialcorrespondentsfromPolandinthe principalnewspapers,theyexpecttobeaccuratelyinformed, sinceformanysuchreportspro- videtheirmain,ifnotonly, sourceofinformation.Onthe otherhand,howcanonesuppose thatanyPolishcitizeninPoland isabletowriteanythingobjectedtobytheProvisionalGovernment?Mr.McNeilendedby expressingthehopethat"reliableBritishcorrespondents wouldbeenabledtoreportos theconductoftheelections,"and saidthatHisMajesty'sGovernmentwasanxioustoseeanincreasednumberofBritishjour- nalistsinPolandbeforeandduringtheelections.ThePotsdam AgreementsofAugust,1945, containedanexplicitassurance that"fullfreedomtoreportto theworldbeforeandduringthe elections"wouldbeaccorded. WhathappenedinPolandisnow amatterofhistory.

Sir,-Attachedisaletterfrom FatherB.N.Sanada,S.J.,the ParishPriestofKureCity, thankingmefortheliteratureI receivedfrommanyinWestern AustraliaandQueensland,and whichIforwardedontohim.

Itisamusing,tomeatleast, tostatethatIreceivedsome Protestantliteratureandalso pamphlets,booklets,etc.,which aredefinitelynotreligious,but whichseektocreateamusement byillustratingcrudeand/orimmoraljokes.Thiswas,of course,inresponsetoyourap- pealpublishedinyourpaper!

Iwishyoutothank,through themediumof"TheRecord,"the manygenuinepeoplewhoare contributingsogenerously.

ThemailIreceiveisdefinitely quitebulky;itusuallyamounts toperhapshalfapotatobag,and therearequitealargenumberof "Records,'say50percent.

Adoptingamoreseriousvein,railingbetweenthelinesof Father,Sanada'sletter,itisnot difficulttoobservethathelongs forbooks.Nodoubtthereare acmeinAustralia,perhapslying 'ndustyshelvesandwhichwould gladdentheheartofamissioner workingagainstoddsinalittle churchcumresidence,raisingits proudheadoveraruinedtown, andupholdingaflimsywooden cross.Therearequiteanum- berofJap.nationalsreceivinginstruction,mostlyyoungwomen. Ifthezealousworkofamis sionercanbeevercalledpathetic thenwehaveatypicalexample hereinKure,andanyassistance giventoFatherSanadainhis battleforconvertsatsuchatime wouldcertainlyreceivespiritual rewardsandhissincerethanks andprayers.

TheR.C.chaplainsandmanyCatholicmembersofthisForce arehelpinginkind,butitisnot soeasytoprocureCatholic hooks.Thesecouldbesupplied fromAustralia,andyouwoula nodoubtknowbesthowtoget themtransferred.Thankingyou.-Yours,etc., MAJORC.H.ASPHAR. 14Aust.Wksp.andPk.Coy., BritishCommonwealthOccupa- tionForce,Japan.

KureCatholicChurch, Jan.18,1997.

MajorAsphar,-Thankyou verymuchforsendingmemaga- zinesandnewspapers,andalsoforappealingin"TheRecord." Iamverygladtogetnewspapers andbookletstoread,asIhave lostmanygoodEnglishbooks bytheairraidtwoyearsago.At presentwedon'tgetgoodbooks inJapan,andthereareveryfew ifanygoodones.Soitisof greathelpforsendingmethem. Thankyouverymuchagain, andwithbestwishes.-YourssincerelyinChrist, B.N.SANADA,S.J.

YOURLUCKYWEEK.

Ifyoudon'tknowwhichweek intheyearisyourluckyweek beonthesafesideandhavea ticketaweekintheCharities Consultations.No.355isopen. Firstprizeis£3,000.

Stunner&Son (LateHallion's) BAKERS

90JOHNSTREET,N.FREMANTLE. L2739.PrizeWinnersRoyalShow DeliveriesThroughoutFremantle.

STATEASSEMBLYELECTIONS, PERTHELECTORATE POLLINGDAY:SATURDAY,MARCH15th. WORKANDVOTEFORPERRYFORPROGRESS.

Britain'sSecretBabies

DeplorableAftermathofWar

ByEDGARMILNE.

Oneofthelegaciesofthelate warisagreatincreaseinthe numberofillegitimatechildren.

Untilquiterecently,therewere 1,000illegitimatebirthsweekly inEnglandandWales.Thenormalpre-warratestoodatfive hundred,theactualfiguresbeing 26,700in1938,and52,000in 1945.

Themajorityofthese"war babies"aretheoffspringofU.S. soldiers.Someowetheirbirth toCanadianandotherDominion troops;somearethemulatto childrenofNegrofathers;the bloodofhalftheracesofthe worldflowsintheveinsofthe others

Thefateofthemothersofthis illegitimatepopulationofnearly aquarterofamillionconstitutes one,ofthemajorsocialproblems. Numerouswomenhavebeenleft inthelurch,withoutlegalredress.

Beforethe1914-18warthe questionofillegitimacywasreticentlyshroudedinmystery,and discussedonlyinhashedtones.

Itwasacceptedthatwhilebastardymightbearomanticaffair inuppercircles,itwassqualid anddeplorable,inthelower stratasofsociety.Inrecent yearsagreatdealofresearch hasbeendoneonthesociological aspectofthesubjectinaneffort torelatetheriseandfallofthe ratetoprevailingconditions.

Yetillegitimacyhasdefied,on thewhole,alltheattemptsat rationalanalysis.

Mostpeoplewouldimagine thattheslumsofagreatindus. trialcity,oracountrywitha warmclimate,wouldhavethe highestrate.Thecontraryis usuallytrue.Foryears,byfar thehighestrateintheworldhas beenprovidedbytwoNorthern EuropeancountriesandIceland

Denmark,whereawomanM.P. recentlycausedasensationby announcingthebirthofherille. gitimateboy,longhadarateof oneillegitimatetoeveryten births.Swedenhasrecordeda rateof1in7;Norway,forno determinablereason,stoodat only1in16.

Thepre-warrateinBritain wasabout1in26inthedecade ending1939.

ItwasarguedthatCatholic countriesmusthavethelowest rates,andIreland's1in50was instanced.Butresearchreveal edthatAustria-analmostwhol lyCatholiccountry--hadarate threetimesthatofGreatBritain.

OnonesideoftheNorthSea, inEngland,itwasfoundthatillegitimacyflourishedfarmore inthecountrysidethaninthe EastEndslumsofLondon;while ontheotherside,intheNetherlands,quitetherefereeproved true.Dutchcitiestoppedthe list.

Theonecertainthingtoemergefromtheseconflictingand paradoxicalfactorswasthatwar andinvasionnearlyalwaysput uptherate.

Inthe1914-18warEngland adtoendurenosuchinvasion efAlliesasdidFrance.Yetbecauseofthesocialhabitsofthat country,Francesurvivedwith scarcelyriseinitsrates,and Englandexperiencednosuch catastrophicadditiontoitspopulationasitstillhasnowevena yearafterthewar.

CHINA,CLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions andSchoolsSpeciallyCateredfat PriceListsandCatalogueon Application.

PhoneDMI.

Kelly&Rodoreda

LateofJOHNDYNON600.

Englandhasbeenenriched withforeignbloodinthepast chieflythroughtheintolerance ofotherEuropeancountriesand theconsequentarrivalofrefugees.ButmostEuropeancountriesinthepasthavehadtheir blood-streamsinfluencedbyinvadingsoldiery,sothatahigh proportionofeveryclasscould probablytracebastardyinits familytree.

Justbeforethewartherewas publishedinViennaavolume called"Lexiconillegitimorum Europeaum,"whichmightbe describedasan"Almanachde Gotha"ofthedistinguishedillegitimate

Itshowedthatupto1914 nearlyeveryRoyalhouseinEuropetraceditsdescentfroman illegitimategirl.Shewasthe daughterofDukeGeorgeWilliamofBraunschweig,Luneburg, andmarriedtheElectorofHanover.AmongtheRoyalfamilies affectedwerethoseofDenmark, Greece,Luxembourg,Holland, Norway,Portugal,Russia,SwedenandSpain-aswell,of course,asthatoftheKaiserand theHohenzollerns.

Theurgencyoftheproblem provokedbythearrivalofseveralmillionoverseastroopsin GreatBritainduringthewarled tofurtherresearchofaregional kind.

Figuresfortheearlypartof 1945showedthatSouthporthad afairlyaveragerateof1in14, butthatSalisbury(wherea greatmanyU.S.troopsweresta- tioned)had1in11,Nottingham 1in12,andLondonLaesame figure.

InGermany,theNaziregimeencouragedillegitimacyasa meansofcreatingcannon-fodder,andconductedbigpropa- gandacampaignstothatend.

Figuresareunreliable,butitis believedthatin1939therate wasashighas1in7.Therate hadbeenslowlyrisingeversince thefirstwar,andwasoneofthe highestinEuropeevenbefore theadventofHitler.

Anotheraspectofillegitimacy iswhatAmericanscallthe"shotgunmarriage,"inwhichwedlock isenforcedonthefatherand mother.

Intheyearbeforethewar, theRegistrar-Generalmadehis researchintothisaspectwith someinterestingresults.Itwas foundthatofwomenwhomarriedundertwenty,42percent. werepregnant.Attheageof twenty-fivethepercentagewas 10.

Variousorganisationsarenow tacklingthesocialproblemofthe unmarriedmother,notablythe NationalCouncilfortheUnmarriedMotherandChild,andthe ChurchAdoptionSociety,thelatterrecentlyreportingagrowth in"baby-farming,"whichuntil theRegistrationActof1871had becomeanationalscandal.

Anotherorganisation,called theWorldChildrenFoundation, isnowattemptingtosecureAmericancitizenshipforchildrenof U.S.soldiers. Yet.asnoofficialleadhasbeen givenoneithersideoftheAtlantic,theproblemmustremain unsolvedunlesslegislationof somekindisadopted.Many motherswerereceiving£21a monthfromU.S.soldierswhile theywereintheArmy,buthave nowbeenleftstranded.

Thesocialstigmatattachingto illegitimacystillalsomakesprogressdifficult.

Manygirlsre-marriedbetween 1940and1945undertheimpres- sionthattheirhusbandswere dead.Nowtheyfindthemselvesnotonlyinabigamousposi- tion,butmothersofillegitimate children.

Ontheotherhand,agreatnumberofillegitimatechildrenare notdeclaredassuchbecausethe mothersbelongtothefortythousandorsopeoplewaitingfordivorce,andintheintervalofwaitinghavechangedtheirnamesto thatoftheco-respondents.

Theendof1946isexpectedto seeaswiftdeclineintheillegi- timacyrate.Buttheconsequenceswillcontinueforlifetimesahead.-"TheStrand."

StrikingPersonalityofWorld's YoungestCardinal

PassionforSocial andCharity

Whenyoutalkto46-year-old BernardGriffin,Archbishopof Westminster,inEngland,and youngestcardinalintheworld, yousoonrealisewhyheisanoutstandingleaderinthenewrolethe Churchhastakeninmaterialas wellasspiritualaffairs.Short, ruddy-facedwithrust-colouredhair endfriendlyeyesthatimpressyou withtheirsincerity,familiartothe peopleinthebomb-scarredhouses ofWestminster,hegoesoutaskingquestions,listeningtotheview. pointofthemeninthesubway andthenewsvendoronthecorner.

Thatiswhyheiswellloved,and whyhisinfluenceinaffairsinmodernBritaingoesfarbeyondthe strictlimitsofreligion.

CardinalGriffinmadeanunusualstartinhiscareer.Though hewaseducatedatthewell-known EnglishCatholicschoolatOscott, andhopedtobeapriest,hejoined theBritishArmywhenheleft school.Hetransferredtothe RoyalFlyingCorps(nowthe R.A.P.)duringtheFirstWorld War,andstillretainsakeeninterestinaviation.

Whenhewasdemobilisedin1918 hereturnedtohisstudiescon): pletinghiscourseattheEnglish College,oldestofallthenational collegesinRome.Therehedistinguishedhimselfasascholar.He isregardedasoneoftheleading authoritiesonCanonLawinBritain.

Youareimpressedbythecardinal'stremendousenergy,therestlessnessofhismind.hiseagerness toreceivenewideas.Whenaproblemarises,BernardGriffinapproachesitlightheartedlyandimbuesotherswiththefeelingthat, theyareengagedinsomething highlystimulating.

Whenhetalks,heIsabruptand frank,characteristicofhisnative UrminzhamintheEnglishMidlands,wherehisfgatherwas,and on,ofhisbrothersstillis,acity coun:ellor.Anotherbrother,his twat,isaBenedictinemonkand hissisterisanun, Hisinterestinpeopleandhis goodhumourarebestbroughtout asbenheaddressesapublicmeeting. A'Birminghamhegainedlocal fameasamostpersuasivespeaker.Inanopen-airforum,the BullRing,hissparealertfigure becamethefocusforthousands whocrowdedtohearhimexchange hiswitandhumourwithhecklers.

Onewayinwhichheexpressee nigloveforhumanitywayinhis ni.rkforthelargestCatholicorphanagesinEnglandFatherHodson'shomes.Astheiradministrator,hewasfosterfatherto thousandsofchildrenandtookan intenseinterestintheirindividual cases.Hecontinuedthiswork from1937to1944,hisperiodas Bishop-AuxiliaryofBirmingham.

Oneofhisfirstpublicspeeches afterhebecameArchbishopin 1944wasatransaltanticbroadcast thankingAmericansfortheirgein erositytothechildrenofEngland, andurgingco-operationbetween theUnitedStatesandBritain,particularlyinpost-warreconstruction.Heconsidersthisessential forfutureworldpeace.Hemet thousandsofyoungAmericanson visitstocampsinEngland,admiredtheir"friendliness,vigourand manliness,"andwas"deeplyimpressedwiththeirreligionsspirit."

TheArchbishopmadeatourlast yearthroughthedevastatedregionsofFrance,Holland,Belgium andGermany,meetingtheCatholic bishops.Hepromisedthempracticalhelpforthestarvingpeople fromtheCatholicsofEngland.

Justice

TheArchdioceseofWestminster isoneofthemostbombedareas inEngland,butthetragedieshe hadseenontheContinentledhim tocallforanimmediatemobilisationofEnglishCatholicsinacrusadeofcharitytocounterdespair engenderedbythewar."Ilike tothink,"hesaid,"thatthereis noCatholicinthisdiocesewho wouldnotwillinglymanageona littlelees,thatthestarvingchildrenofEuropemayhaveabare sufficiencyoffood."

ProbablyCardinalGriffin'smost absorbinginterestisinsocialreform.Thisistraditionalwith theArchbishopsofWestminster sincetheVictorianage,whenCardinalManningpioneeredinthe field.CardinalGriffinrivalsCardinalManninginhispassionfor socialreform.Herecognisespovertyasasocialproblem,buthe doesnotregarditimpersonally. Hehasseenitcloselyonitspoignant,humanside,duringhisyears ofworkinagreatcityamong widowsandorphans,thedestitute, oldandinfirm.Tohismindthere isnoreasonwhysocialinsecurity, toleratedsolong,shouldbeperpetuated.

HeisamemberofmostCatholiccommitteesforsocialavelfare andhasalwaysbeenastalwart championoftheCatholicSocial GuildandtheCatholicWorkers' CollegeatOxford.Speakingof

theBeveridgeReportjustafter hisappointmentasArchbishop,he said:"IhopetheGovernmentwill implementtheBeveridgeReport, Weneeditandwanttogetitgoing assoonaspossible,Wehopewe shallhavethefullco-operationof allChurchesforthecountry'ssodalwelfare."

lleexpresseshisownpolitical viewsandisnotdogmaticabout theotherman's."Iamnotinterested,"besays,"inanyman's partyallegiancesolongasitisnot ,ontrarytothelawofGod."

-"TheBritishMagazine."

NewDarwinChurch toCommemorateAlliedBravery

OurLady'sShrineofThanksgiving

By131.:L'I,AHCARTER.

Thisyearmarksthefifthanniversaryofamostsignificant dateinAustralianhistory-19th. February,1942,when,atprecisely9o'clockinthemorning,Japaneseplanesdroppedthefirst enemybombonAustraliansoil atDarwin.

Wewerebewildered.Our country,thougholdgeographically,wasyoungincivilisation. Warhadneverbeenfought,nor bloodofwarfareshedonour fairland.Itcouldn'thappen here,we'dthoughtcomplacently. Butitcould;anditdid.

Duringtheeighteenmonthsor sofollowingthatmemorableday, Australia,atDarwin,suffered65 devastatingairraids,manyof ourownlads,aswellastheir British,Canadian,Americanand Dutchcomrades,payingthesupremesacrifice.

Twentyminutesorsobefore thatfirstbombwasdropped,nativesattheBathurstIslandMission,60milesnorthofDarwin, toldtheRev.FatherMcGrathof strangeplanesapproaching.The Rev.FatherimmediatelyradioedDarwin.Butbythetimethe messagegotthroughtotheright quarters,JapaneseZerosand bomberswerescreamingover Darwin,anddroppingbombafter bombonthetownandharbour.

Lateron,thesesameBathurst Islandnativesprovedofinestimablevalueinlocatingenemy planesbroughtdown,andpilots whoparachutedout,aswellasin recoveringvaluableinstruments.

Damage.

Besides'extensivedamageto thewharf,allshipsintheharbour(withtheexceptionofthe "Manunda,"ahospitalship, whichwashit)weresunk.The largestwastheU.S."Meigs," 12,568tons,nowfirmlyembedded,upright,inthebottomof Darwinharbour,hermasts,funnelandsuperstructuresshowing abovewater.Othershipslost thatdayincludedtheU.S. "MaunaLoa,"5,436tons;British "Neptune,"5,952tons,and"Brit ishMotorist."6,891tons;and Netherlands"Zealandia,"6,683 :tons.TheU.S.destroyer"Peary,'

reportedtobecarryinggoldbullionvaluedinthevicinityof£1 million,wasthevictimofadirect hit,andquicklysank,though managingtozig-zarashortdistanceacrosstheharbour.Up todateshehascontinuallymysteriouslyeludedallattemptsof scientificapparatustolocateher whereabouts.

Inthatraid243peoplewere killed,and350injured.This deathrollincludedalmosttheentirestaffofthecompletelyshatteredpostoffice,overlookingthe harbour.Theirremains,togetherwithpersonneloftheAustralianandAlliedForces,who gavetheirlivesinthisarea,lie attheAdelaideRiverWarCemetery,Darwin.Somemilesfrom thetown,thewell-keptlawnsof thecemetery,evergreenasthe memoryofthosewholiethere, areapleasingcontrasttothe surroundingscrubandjungle.

St.Mary's.

Thoughneversustainingadi-ecthit,St.Mary'sStarofthe Sea,erectedbytheJesuitsin 1897(afterthefirstchurchhad beenblowndowninaterrific monsoon),sufferedconsiderable damagethroughshrapneland blastfrombombswhichfellin thechurchgrounds,leavinggapingcraters.Theroofandwalls ofthechurchwereriddledwith flyingpiecesofshrapnel,andall thewindowswereshatteredby blasteffect.Thestatueofan angelstillstandsbesidetheHigh Altar,thoughpiercedright throughbyshrapnel.Thefrontalpanelofthealtarandthe canopyoftheBishop'sthrone werealsodamaged.InthePresbyterynextdoor,onereminder oftheraidsisabattle-scarred crucifixwhichhangsabovethe doorway.

ForthreeyearsServicepersonnelweretheonlyonestoenterthechurch.Itwasalways necessarytobringalongtinhelmets,andtheclatterofthese asthetroopsstoodandknelt duringMassbecameafamiliar sound.

Beingthegarrisonchurch, MasseswerecelebratedbyChaplainsofallServices.Sometimes asmanyas20MasseswereofferedduringtheSundaymorning,

afternoonandevening.Though inobediencetoregulationsall soughtshelterinthesurrounding slittrenchesatthesoundofairraidsignals,theChaplainwasalwaysabletofinishHolyMass St.Mary'swastheonlychurch inDarwinwhichremainedopen rightthroughthewar.

By1943,thenumberofAllied troopsinDarwinhadswelledto suchadegreethat,thoughthere weresomanyMasses,theoverflowstandingroundthewindows anddoorsoutnumberedthehundredsinside.Inlessthantwo weeksAmericanArmyEngineers voluntarilyremediedthis,enlargingthenavebymovingthe walls12feetfurtherouteach side.Accommodationwascertainlyincreased,butthealterationhardlyaddedtothebeauty oftheoldchurch.Thoughactuallybeyondrepair,St.Mary's hasbeenpartiallyrestored,to carryonforthepresent.

Towardstheendof1944aMission,thefirstofitskindforthe ServicesinDarwin,wasconductedbytheRev.FatherAnthony Carroll,S.J.,oftheU.S.A.A.F. (whoisnowwiththeforcesin Japan)TwoMasseswerecelebratedeachmorning,withdevotionseachevening,andtheMissionwilllongberememberedby Servicemen

CatholicServices'Club.

AfterBenedictiononSundays, andonotherevenings,therewas alwaysalargeattendanceatthe CatholicServices'Club.Buildingsattherearofthechurch, formerlytheschoolandconvent, wereequippedasclubrooms, afterthenunsandchildrenwere evacuated.Startedprincipally toprovidewritingmaterials,and moreimportantdecentreading matter,theClub'spopularity steadilygrew,anditsactivities includedweeklyeuchretournaments,inaroomwherechildren oncesatinclass,andregularlectures,debatesandshowingof Ifi.lms.Monthlyconcertswerearrangedinwhatwaspreviously theboarders'dormitory,andin whichastagewaserected.The tenniscourtwasinconstantuse. untilabombfellinthemiddle ofit,leavingagapingcrater. UnlikeServices'Clubsinnon-

combatantareas,thecommittee consistedofservicepersonnel, andtheboysmadealltheirown arangementsforentertainments, suppers,etc.

PeaceAgain.

ButnowitisalloverNo longeristheclatteroftinhats afamiliarsoundinthebattered oldchurchnolongerdoServicemengatherroundthepianoin theClub,orchallengeeachother tobilliardsandothergames.Instead,theringofchildishlaughterinrecessperiods,orthe "chant"ofcatechism,orspellingandtables,maynowbe heardfromtheschool.Civilians,unmolestedbysudden alarmsandairraids,takethe placeofthetroopsinthechurch (exceptforareducednumberof thepermanentgarrison).

Nofighterplanesscream throughtheskyincombat,nor enemyplanesdroptheirsealof deathanddestruction.Intheir placearetheplanesandflying boatsoftheAustralianaircompanies,manyrefuellingontheir waytoandfromtheEastand Europe,fastdevelopingDarwin intoanimportantportinaviation,aswellasshipping.

Inscatteredareasthereare desertedcamps,overgrownwi longgrass.Idleairstripslie parallelwiththe1,000-mileStuartHighway.FromtheseAlliedpilotstookofftopoundJapanesebasesinthiscornerofthe Pacific,atDilli,Penfoei,and otherpointsroundTimorand theCelebes.Manypassed throughR.A.A.F.Darwin(now usedmainlybycivilplanes)to bombbasesinthePhilippines; othersagainpassedthroughhere ontheirwaytotakepartinthe landingatBalikpapan.

Bombedbuildingsarealready beingdemolished,andwreckage removed.Anewmodeltownis beingplanned,andintimethe battle-scarswillbehealed.

WarMemorialChurch. But,"LestWeForget"-anew St.Mary's,StaroftheSea,isto beerectedinDarwin,asaWar Memorial,sacredtothememory ofthegallantAustraliansand theirAlliedcomradeswhopaid thesupremesacrifice,andto commemoratethebraveryof ALLwhofoughtinthisarea,defendingAustraliaatthisnortherngateway.Thememorialwill alsohonourthenumerouscivianswholosttheirlivesduring theraids.

Aspecialfeaturewillbethe ShrineofThanksgiving,dedicatedtotheBlessedVirgin Mary,forherpowerfulprotection,andingratitudeforourAlliedVictory.

Speciallydesignedbythearchitects,Messrs.S.HirstandG.H. B.McDonnel,ofSydney,thenew churchisplannedtowithstand rain,heatandtermites.RealisingthatDarwinweathermay chimpfrombrilliantsunshineto pouringrainaloggiahasbeen providedalongthefulllengthof thefacade.Atower,107feet high,surmountedbyacross,will beastrikingpointinthenew town'sskyline.Themainmaterialwillbeaverylightreddish brownconcrete,sothatdust stormswillnoteventuallyspoil theappearanceofthechurch. Moveableglasslouvresfixedbehindconcretegrillsfromfloorto ceiling,willprovideplentyof ventilationandnaturallighting.

Duringhissurprisevisitto Darwin,enroutetoJapan,His EminenceCardinalGilroywas impressedwiththeproject.His Eminencestatedthatsucha Memorialwouldworthilycommemoratethebraveryofthe youngheroeswhodefendedAustraliaatDarwin,duringthe sixty-fiveairraidshere.

Anenergeticcommitteeisconductinganextensivenation-wide appealforthe£30,000itisestimatedwillberequiredforthe plan.Speakingatthelaunchingoftheappeal,Rev.Father FrankFlynn,M.S.C.,Parish Priest(whoservedhereasMilitaryChaplain),said:"Thememorialisrichlydeserved.Itwill beareminderofthebraveryof allthosewhoservednearDarwin;boththosewhohavenow returnedtotheirhomes,And thosewhopaidthesupremesacrifice,andwhoseearthlyremains lieintheAdelaideRiverWar Cemetery.Itissurelyasacred dutytohonourtheirmemory. Wecannotdoanythingbetter thanerectachurchinwhichtheir memorywillbeperpetuatedfor alltime,andinwhichfromday todayprayerswillbeoffered fortheeternalreposeoftheir souls.Itissomethingwithin ourpower,anditisgreaterthan anythingelsewecouldpossibly attemptorconceive."

Therewillbeamarbleurnin theShrineofThanksgiving,in whichthenamesofallmembers ofthetroopswholosttheirlives inthenorth-westPacificarea willbeplaced.Incaseanyhave beenoverlooked,relativesareinvitedtosendinthenamesand theunitofthefallenheroes.

Thechurchwillalsoserveas thespiritualcentreforDarwin's peace-timegarrisonofsome thousandmenofourArmy. NavyandR.A.A.F.,drawnfrom variousdiocesesthroughoutAustralia.

Thosedesirousofhelpingto raisesuchamemorialfromthe ruinsofAustralia'sonebombshatteredtown,maysendtheir subscriptionstoRev.Father FrankFlynn,M.S.C.,Presbytery, Darwin,N.T.

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort.

(LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

S.DANNELL.

Australfan

The Van ott theLAND

OneFootintheCityand OneontheLand

EvilEffectsofMonoculture

Realisationbythecitydweller ofthenobilityoflifeontheland, properuseofthelandbythe farmer,andtheneedfordevelopmentofhomesteadlifeforcity peoplewerethreethingshe .antedtoimpressonthepeople ofAustralia,statedtheRight Rev.MonsignorL.G.Ligutti,at anaddressinBundaberg,recently.

MonsignorLiguttisaidhehad beeninAustraliaforonlytwo weeks,buthisobservationseven iiithattimeshowedhabitswhich tendedtodevelopasocialwaydf life.Eventheboyswhowere

BUSSELTONDAIRYINGPROPERTY(B259R):

306acs.freeholdland,situate milesfromsidingandschool, buspasses;rainfall35tH..;all clearedand'ploughed,with200 acs.underpasture;timberedredgumandjarrah;900chns.3,4, and6wirefencing;subdivided into22paddocks.Wateredby 3wells(2equipped);6-roomed W.B.house,withbackverandah. Detachedwashhouseandbathroom;garage,man'sroom,fowl houses;styes;6-stallcowshed; dairy;engineroom,hayshed andcreamroom;carryingcapacity60milkingcowsand30young stock.PRICE:£3,500cashand takeover£1,000mortgage.

STOCK:142sheep,300poultry, 2bulls,50milkingcows,and21 youngcows.Goodplant,including3-unitmilkingmachine and80gal.separator.

Forfurtherparticularsapply to GOLDSBROUGH,MORTAND COMPANY,LIMITED,PERTH. BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

GNOWANGERUPWHEAT& SHEEPPROPERTY(KA259R).

2,618acs.land,adjoiningsiding;schoolonboundary;1,900 acs.first-class,700acs.secondclass;2,150acs.cleared;468acs. ringbarkedand370acs.fallow. Fencedwith171miles3plain andnetting;31miles6plain; and1mileringlock;subdivided into19paddocks.Wateredby sdamsapprox.1,000yardseach. 9-roomedmetal-linedhouse.with septictank;'phoneinstalled; waterlaidon;stables,super shed,chaffhouse,hayandmachineryshed,man'scottage; averageyield6bags;carrying capacity1,800sheep;800acs. sownwithsub-clover.PRICE: £10,000bare-possessionavailableApril,1947.

Forfurtherparticularsapply to--GOLDSBROUGH,MORTAND COMPANY,LIMITED,PERTH, BRANCHESANDAGENTS.

overhereduringthewarwent homeanddeclaredthatAustralia knewhowtolive.

Hewouldemphasisethatcity peoplehavetorealisehowimportantitistobeafarmer. Citypeopledidnotrealisethe importanceofthefarmer,and thefarmerhimselfhadatendencytoconsiderhimself"away downalongtheline."

ItwascommoninEnglishdictionariestofindthatcolloquial termsforfarmers,demeaned them. termssuch as"hayseed,""hick,""waybacks"and"cockey."Agesago thefamousorator,Cicero,said thattherewasnooccupation whichbecamethedignityofa freeman,morethanfarming.

AppreciationofLand.

Thequestionarosethenasto whetherthefarmerappreciated hiswayoflifeandwhathewas doingaboutit.Therewasin manyplacesarealgrowthofthe "factoryinthefield,"where workersslavedunderpoorconditionsharvestingmassproduced crops.

Afarmreallywasawayof life-itwasaplacewherethe familylivedandwheretheneeds ofthatfamilywereraised.

Scandalised.

Hewasreallyscandalisedby whathehadalreadyseenin Queensland-massproductionin ,hefield.Itwasspecialisation initsworstformandreminded himoftheworstpartofrural America-theMississippidelta wherenothingbutcottonwas roan-thelandtherewasproducingtheworsttypeofpeople.

Thefarmshouldfirstproduce thefoodneedsofthefamily; thenitshouldbeadiversifiedindustrytoproducegoodstouse asexchangeforotherneeds. Thereshouldbediversityalsofor thegoodoftheland.Thesoil shouldnotbeexploitedto-dayby monoculture.Thefarmeroftodaywasonlythestewardofthe soilandinyearstocomeithad tobehandedtosomeoneelse. Withmonoculturethesoilwould becomewashedoutuntilitwas useless.

Historyhadprovedmonoculturetobetheworsttypeofagri- culture.Rotationofcropsthereforecouldnotbetoogreatlyemphasised.

TheLandforCityDwellers.

ThethirdpointMonsignorLiguttisaidhewantedtomake wasthatthepeoplecouldenjoy moreoftheblessingsoflifeon theland.Withthelargearea oflandintheoutskirtsofthe city-suchastherewasinBundaberg-therewasexcellentopportunitytolivewithonefootin thecityandoneontheland.

MoralEvilsIntroducedInto Japan,SaysPriest

ThereisevidencethatadefiniteandextensiveorganisedAmericaneffortIsbeingmadetofoistsuchimmoralpracticesas contraception,abortionandsterilisationupontheFarEast,says Rev.Dr.E.Schmiedeler, directorofN.C.W.C.FamilyLife Bureau,incommentingonrecommendationsmadebyacommissiontoregulatethepopulationinJapan.

provementinthepopulation," accordingtotheprogramine, tobebroughtaboutthroughregulatingthebirthrate,reducing thedeathrate,and"generaleugenics."

Toomuchcouldnotbesaidof thebenefitsofsuchalife,even fromaneconomicpointofview. Thefamilycanproduceallits ownfoodneeds.Childrenbecomeeconomicassetstothefamilybytheworktheydoand,in workingdevelopasenseofresponsibility.

Inthecityachildisaneconomicliabilityuntilheisofage togotowork.Settlementon smallacreagesaroundthebig citiesshouldthereforebeencouraged.Christianfamilies couldnotberearedincitytenements.InAmericainsomeareas wherefamilieshadbeenliving underunspeakableconditions subjecttoperiodiclay-offfrom work,suchsettlementswere growing.Familieswerebecomingmoreindependentandeven theirsmallacreageswereableto assistthemthroughtheslack periods.

Fromamodeoflivingwhere childrenhadnoplacetoplaythey weremovingtoareaswherethey couldgrowintohealthandindependence.Theywerebeginning tobreathetheirnativeairon theirownground.Monsignor Liguttitoldhowthisdevelopmentaroseafterhisefforts.He hadseentheterrificconditions ofthebigminingcampsand wonderedwhathecoulddo.

AStart.

Hecouldnotborrowthemoney butSantaClauscameinthe formofRoosevelt'snewdealand hegot200,000dollars.They boughtlandandbegantobuild 50houses.

Itwassaidtheseminerswould neverbeanygood-theywould nevergrowvegetables-they wouldonlybegoodforminingtheywouldneverpayfortheir homes.Elevenyearsagothe firstfamilymovedin.Nowout ofthe50families.38havepaid uptheirhomes,34yearsinadvance-theirtermwas45years. Therehasnotbeenasinglefamilyonthedoleinthe11years.

Peopleinthecommunitywere bothCatholicandnon-CatholicbecausewhenitisemptyaProtestantstomaclrhurtsjustas muchasaCatholicstomach.

Butallthesepeoplewerenow betterChristians,theirlives werebetter,theywerestanding firmlyontwofeet-oneinindustryandtheotherontheland.

CAUSEOFBALMES.

Authorof"ArtofThinking."

ThenameofJamesBalmesis ahouseholdoneinSpain,andis well-knownwhereverCatholic scholarsmeet.

Consideredoneofthegreatest scholarsinapologeticsofthe lastcentury,hislifeandwork havebeentheobjectofnumerousstudiesbothinthenative countryandabroad.

Bornin1810,hestudiedatthe SeminaryofVich,hisnativecity. Hediedattheageof38after havingcompletedmanyworks whichareknownto-dayall throughtheWesternworld.

Themostpopularofhisbooks, "ElCriterio,"hasbeenwidely translated.In1875itwaspublishedinEnglishinNewYork underthetitle"TheCriterio"; in1882itwaspublishedinIrelandunderthetitle"TheArtof Thinking."

NowBishopJuanPerelloy PouofVichhasbegunproceedingsinhiscanonisationcause. Thedocumentarycollection, whencomplete,willbeforwarded toRomeforexamination.

Someyearsago,hert.calh, MargaretSangerwenttothe Orienttopeddleherdoctrines, butherwareswerenotwanted intheEasternworld,andinLassiaherpartywasreferredtoas peoplefromthedecadentWest. Butto-daySangeritesareeagerlyworkingforthedepopulation ofthevanquishednationsandof theprolificpeoplesoflieLost.

Dr.S'idonieFurst,foretample,demandedthatan"internationalDepartmentofPopulation" beattachedtotherm.eoNationstodenytherightofmarriagetocertainindividualsand toforcecontraceptionnothers

ExtensivePropaganda.

Perhapsthemostpersistent propagandaforpopulationcur- tailmenthascomefromsgroup inWashingtonheadedbyGuy IrvingBurch.Towardstheend ofthewarheandaco-worker wroteabrochurecalled'PopulationRoadstoPeaceorWar."It wasrushedtonewsmenitSan Franciscoatthetimeofthe UnitedNationsconferencethere in1945andhassincebeenused extensivelyaspropaganda.

Itadvocatesdisseminationof birthcontrolinformation,migrationrestrictionsagainstanation thatfailstokeepitsnumbersin control,sterilisationlaws,and restrictionsuponreproduction.

TheWesternworld,Father Schmiedelerpointsout,hasby meansofitsdeliberatepro grammeofunnaturalvice,child murder,andthemaimingofthe humanbody,broughtitspopulationratefardowntheladder, andthreatenstogointoactual decline.Isittryingnowto saveitselfbyfoistingthesedestructiveimmoralitiesuponthe peoplesoftheEast.andspecificallyuponJapan?

Population"Improvement." ThenewprogrammeforJapan, presumablyrecommendedunder Americaninfluence,hasasitsobjectivecontrollingthegrowthof thepopulation."Qualitativeim-

Onlypraisecanbegivena genuineefforttoreducethe deathrate,buttherestofthe programme,includingcontraception,abortionandimmoraleugenicpractices,mustbecondemned,FatherSchmiedelerdeclares.Heexpressedthehope thatthesplendidworkofAmericanoccupationforcesinkeepingdownthedeathratewould notbeoffsetby"anoutrageous programmethatwilltrespasson humanrightsandhumandignity."

CAUSEOFMATTTALBOT.

Allpreparationshavebeen completedfortheintroduction oftheCauseofBeatificationfor MattTalbot,theDublinworkman,notedforhissaintlylife, accordingtoMgr.McDaid,RectoroftheIrishCollege,Rome. Mgr.McDaid,whoisPostulatoroftheCause,saidthatit mightbeintroducednextspring; butaftertheintroductionother stepstowardsBeatification mighttakeaslongasfiveyears.

Allswornevidencerequired, suchasstatementsfromthose whohadknownMattTalbot,and attestingtohisoutstandingholinessandlifeofprayerandpenance,hadbeensubmittedtohim (Mgr.McDaid)bytheArchbishopofDublin.Thestatements hadbeentranslatedandallar rangementscompletedfortheintroductionoftheCause.After ithadbeenpresentedandaccepted,thesecondorApostolic processmightbegin.

Telephone:B8838:R,s.:WM2223.

THEGENERALAGENCY.CO.

D.T.O'SULLIVAN.

29a-30PADBURYBUILDINGS, FORRESTPLACE,PERTH. ESTATEAGENTS. SWORNVALUATORS.

SPECIALISINGINSALESOF ALLTYPESOFFARMSAND STATIONS.

ROADTOCALVARYMAYBE

Sixty Religious

iYears'nthe i Life

SisterM.

Diamond

Onthemorningof inst.,manyfriendsof GabrielFarellyattended SolemnHighMasscelebrated thechapelofthe Mercy,VictoriaSquare, theuniqueoccasion mondJubilee.

HolyMasswascelebrated Rev.FatherJ.McKay, byRev.FathersJ. E.Rodgers,asDeacon Deacon, respectively.

FatherJ.J.Rafferty MasterofCeremonies.

FatherLawler,S.J., thefollowingsermon,

Gabriel the15th. SisterM. the at Sistersof tomark ofherDiaby assisted Hoganand andSubRev. actedas Rev. delivered after

Celebrates Jubilee

whichhereadthe Blessingbestowedon larianbyHisHoliness, PiusXII. .'Go,sellwhatthou givetothepoor, shalthavetreasure andcome,followMe."

"Thesewords,Rev. anddearSistersinChrist," thepreacher,"aretaken the10th.chapterof Gospel.

"Inrecentyears,a wentoverWestern studyingitverycarefully; asaresultofhiswork

PriatyeaMole'

Apostolic theJubiPope haltand andthou inHeaven, Fathers said frore St.Mark's professor Australia and hemark-

, a4 1'3000(tt, ,ar,

It'sbettertoliveinhopethantohave/0 -f nohope.Ifyoudon'tbuyaticket ' 4. you'llhavenohopeofwinningthe£3,000,firstprize intheNo.355CharitiesConsultation.

Y.C.W.Championships

THEY.C.W.ATHLETICCHAMPIONSHIPSWILLBEHELD AT LEEDERVILLEOVAL. ON SATURDAYS,MARCH15th.and22nd.,1947.

Commencing2p.m. AdmissionFree.

SIXTYEVENTS(JUNIORANDSENIOR).

EntrantsincludeFourStateRepreesntatives. SeeY.C.W.Notesinthisissueforfurtherdetaills.

edonthemapthathemade, everysourceofwealthinWesternAustralia.Thereespecially,youwouldfindthoseplaces wheretheworldyieldedupits treasure-Kalgoorlie,Coolgardie, theMurchisonandKimberleysallofwhichhavegivengoldto man.ButwhenweChristians cometolookattheworldwe musttrytolookatitenlightenedwiththeLightoftheworld: toseethingsastheyreallyare -toseethemasGodseesthem. Ifwelookupontheearthwith theangels,weshallseemarked onittheplaceswheretreasure hasbeengained.andamong thoseplacesweshallfindPerth, Bunbury,Toodyay,Guildford. EverywherethatSisterM.Gahrielhasworked,youwillfind markedasaplacewheregreat treasurehasbeengained.

WhatdidOurLordsay?"Lay upforyourselvestreasurein Heaven."Andwhatisthat treasure?Thetreasurethata religiousgainsinthelonglife :pentforOurLord-someofit ofsuchakindthatevenworldly mencanadmireitsbeauty.They canseethebeautyofalonglife spentindevotiontochildren; theycanvalue,insomemeasure atleast,whatitmeanstolabour sounceasinglydayafterdayat thehardtask,atthesacredtask ofteachingchildren.Andthey arenotwronginvaluingsucha life.Insuchalifethereis greattreasureofmeritgained forGodandstoredupinHeaven.Andrustitwillnot.It willbebrightinthesightof Godforever.Butstillthereis aninnermysteryoftheReligiouslife:alonglifespentinfrequentationofthesacraments, storingupthetreasuresofsanctifyinggrace-alonglifespent prayer.Thosewhodonot understandthefollowingofthe Religiouslifemaythinkthatit isalonglifespentinplacid, quiet,peacefulprayerandcontemplation,butwewhohave triedtocarrythecrossafter OurLordknowthatthisisnot so.However,priestsandreligiousandeverydevotedmemberofthefaithfulwillknow thattoleadalifeofprayer meanstopraynotonlywhenit iseasytopray,buttopray whenitishardtopray.That isthelifeofareligious,andit isthelifeinwhichgreattreasureisstoredupbecauseChrist, OurLord,said:"Askandyou receive,"andreligiousask andreceive.

CATHOLICTEACHERS' GUILD

ThelecturemeetingonFebruary25wasparticularlywellattended,despitetheverytrying weather,whichgoestoprove thegenuinedevotionalltrueCatholicshaveforourBlessed Lady.

FatherMurphypresentedhis subjectinsuchatellingmannerthatwefeelquitesurethat devotiontotheBrownScapular willberesuscitatedinmany hearts.

Mondaynext,March3,Catholicteachersareinvitedtoour firstsocialmeetingoftheyear. Afternoonteawillbeprovided. Wehopethatmanyofourold friendswillavailthemselvesof thisinvitation.Themeeting placeis,ofcourse,asusualBectonHouse-andthetime from3.30onwards.

Theelectionofofficersforthe ensuingyearwilltakeplaceat ournexteveningmeeting,March 11.

OLDAQUINIANS'HOCKEY CLUB

By"Roll-In."

Aprilwillseetheopeningofa yearofimportforW.A.hockey -acarnivalyear.Andinsayingthatalsoismeanta'bigyear fortheOldAliuinians.

ThroughtheworkofGeoff Melvinlastyearwhilestillat school,manynewmembersare xpectedintheclub,andtothem allpresentmembersextenda heartywelcome.Theyinclude BobandGeoffMelvin,whojoin elderbrotherBill,Atriodestinedto'figurestronglyinAquinians'hockey.Alsoexpectedto, appearareFrankPowell,Brian Brearley,JohnSaunders,and TomPorvan.

CompletelyReadyfor your1947KnittingRequirements

Don'ttheseasonswhizzaround!Onceagain it'stimetogetoutyourknittingneedlesand startworkonthosenewwoolliesyou'llwantfor thisAutumnandWinter.Ahern's,ofcourse, havealltheaccesoriesyou'llrequire. The newKnittingWoolsbyPaton's,Sunglo,Lincoln Mills,Excelsior, thelatestKnittingBooks, Needles,KnittingBags,Rug-MakingAccesories. Make Ahern's yourheadquartersforKnitting needsthisseason.

Thereisamoreinwardmysterystillwhichtheworldcannotunderstand.TheReligious lifeisalifeofsacrificefreely livedfortheloveofGod.What agloriousstoreoftreasureis gatheredinthelonglifeofa devotedreligious!Thatiswhy wecometogetherverysincerely to-daytothankAlmightyGod forHisgreatgoodnesstoSister M.Gabriel,ingivingherHis greatgraceofsuchaholylife spentinstoringupgreattreasuresofmerit.Trulyitisa treasure. Atreasurestoredin Heaven-notonlyherownpersonalmeritbutthetreasureof somanysoulssavedforGod.It ishardtoconceiveamorebeautifulsightthanthatwholearmy ofchildrenoverthislongspace ofsixtyyears,broughtinto HeavenbytheworkofthisdevotedReligious.Thereforall times,noforalleternity,they willbeadoringGod;theywill bewithGodanditisthisreligi. ousthathasbroughtthemthere.

Ifonlypeoplecouldrealise whatabeautifullife,whata usefullife,whatanoblelifea religiouslifeis,manywouldbe thevocationstothatholystate. Soto-daywewanttothankGod foritall.Werealisethatthere mustbesomesecretmysterybehindit-andthatsecretmystery isthegoodnessoftheSacred HeartofJesusonfirewithlove formen.To-dayweofferthis HolyMassinhonouroftheholy MotherofGodtothankherfor herprayers;tothankherfor keepingsoclosetotheChurch; forworkingsuchwonderful gracesintheheartsofmen, andweoffertheMass,withthe SacredHeartofJesus,togive honourtoGod,torecogniseall thegoodthatGodhasdone,and tothankHimforHislovetous.

HolyMasswasfittinglyconcludedwiththesingingofthe TeDeum,afterwhichthevisitorswereentertainedbytheSlatersatmorningtea.

RE-MAPPED.

TheViaDolorosa,thepath alongwhichOurLordcarriedthe CrosstoHisCrucifixion,maybe re-mappedifatheoryfollowing anewarchaeologicaldiscovery isauthenticated.

Thediscoveryissaidtobeone ofthemostimportantinJerusalem's70-year-oldhistoryof archaeologicalexplorations.

Afterfurtherinvestigationit maythrownewlightonthesite ofOurLord'strial.

Thediscoverywasmadeinthe courtyardofthebattlemented citadelofthe"TowerofDavid," neartheJaffagateoftheold city.

Excavationshavebeenconcentratedonawallburiedformore than2,000yearsunderthecitadel'scourtyard,whichhaslong beenbelievedtobethe"first fall"oftheJerusalemoftheOld Testament.

Soundingsmade30feetbelow thecourtyardnowindicatethat thewallisonlyalaterextension.

Thediscoverytendstoconfirni earlyChristianbeliefthatOur LordwalkedtoCalvary,where theHolySepulchreChurchnow standsfromthesouth.

Coins,pottery,andaskeleton identifiedasthatofacrusader., havebeenunearthed.

ThewallislinkedwithHerod's upperpalace,whichstoodona sitenowcoveredbythecourtyard.

Searchforthepalace,ortraces ofit,mayprovidethemissing pieceinthishistoricalpuzzle.

ToHerod'supperpalacecame theRomanprocurators,including PontiusPilate.ItisnowconsideredpossiblethatPilate triedOurLordintheupperpalaceandnotinthelowerpalace, whichwascalledAntoniaafter MarkAntony.

Andsototheimportantitem ofthegeneralmeeting.This hasbeencalledforMonday, March10,at7.45p.m.,atthe PerthBowlingClub,Esplanade. Itisalreadyevidentthattheenthusiasmwithintheclubatclose 'fplaylastyearhasincreased stillfurther,andthattheclub willachievebiggerandbetter thingsthanitssuccessesoflast season. Amongtheitemsawaitingdis(ussionatthecomingmeeting, apartfromelectionofofficer<, socialandgradingcommittees, rearrangementsforcountry trips,challengematchat AquinasonGeneralCommunion Day,May25,improvedSunday trainingsystemtocommencebeforefirstmatch,andnewmembers,under19years,playing firstyearfreeofsubscription. Willmemberspasstheword around,particularlyincluding possiblenewplayers-general meeting,March10.

THIRDORDEROF ST.FRANCIS

MissC.McDonnellwillbethe guestspeakeratanafternoon arrangedbytheFranciscanSocialClub,onThursday,March6, at2.30o'clock,intheCathedral Hall.Amustcalprogramme hasbeenarrangedandafternoon teawillbeserved.Anopeninvitationisextendedtoallinterestedandtertiarieswillbeglad tomeetoldfriendsandnew friends.Nochargeismade.

EXPOSITION.

OneachTuesday,at8a.m., ExpositionoftheMostBlessed SacramentcommencesatOur LadyChapel,VictoriaSquare, andendswithBenedictioninthe eveningat5.15p.m.

Thegeneralpublic,aswellas themembersoftheThirdOrder, areinvitedtopayasmanyvisits aspossibleeachTuesday.

ItCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccuratelyDispensed RobertW.DALBY,M.P.S. 01130OxfordStreet.Leederville. carriesahillysupplyofall AccreditedBrandsofToilets,Patent Medicines.FullPhotographicService,Etc.PhoneB6224andreceive REALService.

Itisthistheorywhichwill leadtore-mappingoftheVia Dolorosa. PresenttraditionsaysOur LordcarriedtheCrosstoMount CalvaryfromtheeastofJerusalem.-Reuter.

IlOSCOWSEEKINGTO"CAPTURE"ALLORTHODOX CHURCHES.

TheSovietdiplomaticcampaigntoplaceallOrthodox ChurchesintheEastandinthe BalkansunderthePatriarch AlexiusofMoscowisinfull swing,saysVaticanRadio. TheRumanianChurchisnow followingtheexampleofthe BulgarianChurch,whichhasacceptedSovietdomination. ItwasaSovietGovernment orderwhichin1917causedthe RussianOrthodoxChurchto severrelationswithallthenationalOrthodoxChurches.

LEGISLATIVEASSEMBLY ELECTIONS,1947. SUBIACODISTRICT.

"GiveUsAnotherStrong Man"

SayManyDiscouragedItalians

"Whatweneedisanother strongman,"saymanyItalians inavoicegrowingmuchlouder titanawhimper."Ihatetoadmitit,"onewilladdquickly, "butthatisthewayweItalians are.Weneedamanwitha dub."Somesaythatwithmaliceintheireyes,sincethatis whattheythoughtallthetime.

Thisisoneofthesignificant trendsintheItalianpolitical situationafterthreeyearsof chronicGovernmentcrisis.

ImpatientofcomplexargumentstheseItaliansseeconditionsthisway:

InAllied-occupiedNaples t.hreeyearsagoPremierMarshalPietroBadoglioandKing VittorioEmanuelIII.werebattlingwiththesixanti-Fascist parties.Politiciansspentmuch timeroaringabout"harsh"armisticeterms,rantingattheallegedpro-Monarchist.policyof theAllies,complainingthatmore Fascistswerenotgaoled,and gettinglittledone.

Thepeoplewhocouldlivedoff theblackmarket.

AnUnhappyNation.

To-day,theMonarchyhasgivenwaytoaRepublic,Premier AlcidedeGasperiisbattling withtheSocialists,Communists andRepublicansintheCoalition Cabinet,whiletheChristianDemocrats,SocialistsandRepublicansarebickeringamongthemselves.Politiciansaregroaningabout"harshpeaceterms andlookingtheotherwaywhen theymeetFascists,liberatedby thehundredsunderan"amnesty oftheRepublic"bestowedupon thembythecomplainersofyesteryear.

Astheydidthreeyearsago, citydwellerswhocanaffordit liveofftheblackmarket-now calledopenmarket-whilethe peasantshoardtheirgrainand stufftheirmattresseswith money.Crimeisrampantand reconstructionlittlemorethana slogan.Theunemployednumbermorethan2,000,000.

"WeNeedOrder."

"Thepoliticiansusedtoblame thewarfornotgettinganything done,"saidaradiooperator, chafingunderoneofRome'scon-

stant,unexplainablefive-minute powerfailures. "Butthewar'sbeenovernearlytwoyears." Andheaddedhisvoicetothe swellingchorusof"weneedanotherstrongman.Weneedorder,evenifitmeanslessliberty."

Inthenextgeneralelection, wherewillthisman'svotego?

IftheNovembermunicipal electionswereanyindication, hewillvoteforamasspartyof theextremeleftortheextreme right-fortheCommunistsor forthequalunquista(common man)movement,refugeofthat samemiddleclassthatformed thebackboneofFascism.The moderateChristianDemocrats andSocialists,reflectingtheir owninnertravail,sufferedseriouslossesinthelocalelections.

CallforElections.

GloomilypredictingthatDe Casperi'sCabinet,unableto agreeonforeignordomestic policy,couldnotsurvivethewinter,DonLuigiSturzo,famed anti-Fascistexile,whorecently returnedtoRomefromtheUnitedStates,hascalledforParliamentaryelectionassoonas possible.

EventhoughtheConstituent Assemblystillhastoproducea draftofaconstitutionsixmonths afttrproclamationoftheRepublic,Sturzosuggestedthata "caretaker"Cabinetoftechnicianstakeovertheadministrationofthecountryuntiltheelections,whichheproposedfor May.DeGasperihimselfsuggestedtheybeheldinJune.

TendencytoExtremes.

Woulda"strongman"ora strongpartyemergefromthese elections?

Fewobserversbelievethis likely. Foronething,nostrongor dominantpersonalitieshaveyet emergedonthepoliticalscene. Thepredominantfeeling,however,baringunexpectedstrengtheningoftheChristianDemocratsandSocialists,theelectionswillmarkastepinagradualeliminationofthemiddle ground,preparatorytoafinal battleforpowerbetweentheextremes.

U.S.CatholicLabour LeadersAgainstNewParty

ByHAROLDBUTCHER.

About35outofevery100of America'sTradeUnionleaders areCatholic.

Thisaccepted,howdoesthe mainbodyofCatholicopinion intheStatesviewthestrikes thathaveshakenAmerica,from theAtlantictothePacific,from CanadatoMexico?Dothey frownuponstrikesorstirthem up?Dotheyenvisagethepossibilityofformingathird party?

Theyopposeanewpartyand regardtostrikestheystand ur-squareontheencyclicalsof thePopes,fromLeoXIII.tothe presentday.Theydistinguish betweenjustandunjuststrikes; and,inanycase,strikesarenot semuchaweaponasameans towardsachievingthejustsettlementofadispute.

ItisclearthatCatholicinfluenceinthetradeunionsis strong.PhilipMurray,presidentofthepowerfulCongress ofIndustrialOrganisations,isa Catholic;soisDavidJ.McDonald,secretary-treasurerofthe UnitedSteelworkersofAmerica.

GeorgeMeany,secretary-treasureroftheothergreatlabour organisation,theAmericanFederationofLabour,isaCatholic; soalsoisMartinC.Kyne,executivevice-presidentoftheUnited

TheCommunistSlur. LabourdisputesinAmerica,as everybodyknows,canbevery bitter.Streetriotsbreakout occasionally,inwhichstrikers arewoundedandlivesarelost. ManyatimethespiritisanythingbutChristian.Inthese disputesitisworthrememberingthattheCatholicattitudeis instinctivelyconservative.Needlesstosay,itisnotCommunistic.

AndyettheC.1.0.,which PhilipMurrayheads,isoften dubbedCommunistic.Inview ofthefactthatMurrayisguidedinhiswordsanddeedsbythe Papalsocialencyclicalsthis showshowwideofthemark suchadescriptionis.Itis necessarytopointoutthatthe word"Communist"isusedwildlyandrecklesslyherebythose whohatetradeunionsingene-Jaiandtheonewithwhichthey comeinconflictinparticular.It is,ofcourse,perfectlypossible forsomeunionswithinthe C.I.O.tobemoreradicalthan otherunionswithinthesameorganisation;itisalsopossiblefor Communisticbeliefstowina hearinginsomeunions.

ButitisnotpossibletodescribetheC.1.0.asaCommunisticorganisationandgoon speakingthetruth.PhilipMurray,passionatebelieverinindustrialunionism,isnotaCommunist.HeisapractisingCatholic.

REPORTER-PRIESTS.

Twohappyandexcitedpriests areex-reporterFatherCalvert AlexanderandFatherBernard Hubbard,whomyoumayrememberfrompre-wardaysasthe 'GlacierPriest."

TheirJesuitsuperiorsinNew Yorkaresendingthemona round-the-worldtourofthemissionsintheNearEast,India, Ceylon,China,Japan,thePhilippinesandmid-PacificIslands, withorderstosendhomereal livestoriesinnewsandpictures.

FatherAlexander,formerreporterontwoSt.Louisdaily papers,isnoweditorof"Jesuit Missions."Hisstorieswilleventuallybeaddedtothe72volume "JesuitRelations,"thefirstvolumeofwhichcontainsreports andlettersaboutthemissions foundedbyFrenchJesuits amongNorthAmericanIndians.

FatherHubbard-whoinprewardaysusedtospendmonths intheFrozenNorthandinthe Alps-willdothepictures.He isregardedasatop-rankingoutdoorphotographerwithstilland moviecameras.

TWO"DEAD"BISHOPSMAY BESTILLALIVE.

theirownritewheneveraByzantinePriestcouldcomealong.

Recentlytheirnumbershave beenswelledbysoldiersandcivilianswhocametoBritainfrom disbandedPolishforces-especiallyfromGeneralAnders'command-andtherearenowfour chaplainswhosayMassinOld Slavonicinthevariouscamps wheretherearemenofthisrite.

Oneoftheseistosetupalittlepresbyteryoftworoomsin thenearbyUkrainiansocial club,andwillbeabletooffer MassdailyinSt.Chad'sinthe ByzantineRite.

London'sUkrainianParish?

Althoughnodetailsareavailable,itisalsounderstoodthat thereissomehopeofstartinga UkrainianparishinLondon.

MostoftheUkrainianstudents whowereattheUkrainianCollegeinRomeattheoutbreakof thewar,revealsMgr.Buczko, havenowgonetotheU.S.A., wheremanyoftheirfellow-countrymenhavesettled.Although theflowofvocationsfromthe Ukrainehasbeenstoppedfor thepresentbythe"ironcurtain," some40menhavebeenreleased fromcampsinItalytotakeup studies.

Sincetheoccupationofthe UkrainebytheSoviet,theHoly Seehasbeenmaintainingthe UkrainianCollege.Now,states Mgr.Buczko,someoftheEnglishBishopshaveundertakenLco payforthetrainingofUkrainianseminarists.

Retail,WholesaleandDepartmentStoreEmployees.James B.Carey,secretary-treasurerof theC.I.O.,helpsintheAmerican labourmovement,andhealsois aCatholic.

Outstandingleaderslikethese, togetherwithanunnumbered crowdofrankandfileCatholic tradeunionists,playtheirpart intheregularunionsofthe country-theAmericanFederationofLabour,theCongressof IndustrialOrganisations,the RailwayBrotherhoodsandvariouslegitimateindependents.

Theydonotformseparate CatholictradeunionsasinCanada,wheretheCanadianCatholicWorkers'Federation,composedof14industrialorganisationsand48labourunionsdirectlyaffiliatedwithheadquarters,hasjustcelebratedits25th. anniversarybyajubileeconventionheldinQuebec.

AlthoughAmericanCatholics donotorganiseCatholictrade unions,theyhaveestablished theAssociationofCatholicTrade Unionists,whichservesthepurposeofunitingCatholicswho arealreadymembersoftheneutraltradeunionsandofChristianisingtheirspiritsothatthey maybecomeexemplarsofthat spiritamongtheirco-workers withintheunions.Inthisway theycanhelptomakeAmerican labourChristian.

Itismorethanpossiblethat -.woofthesevenBishopsofthe GreekCatholicChurch-Ukrain'ansoftheByzantineRite-are ,tillalive,althoughallseven 'lavebeenreporteddead.

ThishasbeendisclocedinLondonbyMgr.Buczka,recently-appointedApostolicVisitortothe UkrainiansandtheonlyGreek RiteCatholicBishopfreetoday inEurope,whohasjustfinished ashortvisittoBritain.

InJunelastyear,saysMgr. Buczko,quotedbythe"Universe"aUkrainianNunmanagedtogetintoaRussianprison camp.

Writingincarefullyveiled termsonapostcardshedescribedhowshehadfound"grandfather"-stillalive,butblindand deaf-and"father."

PostcardSmuggledOut.

Thepostcardwassmuggled throughhalfadozenfamilies andreachedtheUkrainianCollegejustbeforeChristmas.

Itisnotconsideredsafe,says Mgr.Buczko,topublicisethe namesoftheBishopsorthedetailsoftheprisoncamp.

PartofBishopBuczko'smissioninEnglandhasbeentoinquireintothepossibilityofestablishingGreekRite"parishes" inLondonforrefugees.

Thefirstofthese-the"host"churchtotheUkrainians-will beSt.Chad's,Manchester,ina districtwherealittlecolonyof Ukrainianshasbeensettledsince thebeginningofthiscentury. TheyhavealwayshadMassin

CentralCatholicLibrary

2bookexchange:12s6dyear.

3bookexchange:15s.year.

4bookexchange:17s6dyear.

Quarterly:4s.(11G'tee).

36PierStreet,Perth'PHONEB5754 iswithineasyreachofanypart ofthecity.Itcatersforall tastesinLiterature,hasafine up-to-dateJUVENILELIBRARY,andthesubscriptionrates areamongthelowestinthe Commonwealth. BECOMEAMEMBERFOR THECOMINGYEAR. BOOKSDESPATCHEDTO ANYPARTOFTHESTATE.

SubscriptionRates: City1bookexchange:10s.year.

HalfYearly:7s6d(10s.G'tee). Country-

4booksforwardedandtwoexchanged: Fortnight:35s.year. Fortnightly:20s.half-year. (Freightpaidoneway). CHILDREN.(CITY),5s.year; COUNTRY,20s.

ByTHEVERYREV.JOHNT.McMAHON, M.A.,Ph.D.,H.Dip-Ed.

Workersand ES

Fewthingsaremoreexasperatingthanthewayin whichmanymodernsdiscussprogress.Notonlydo theypostulateitsoriginfromsomethingimmeasurable crudeandimprobable,huttheyspeculateuponitsexpansionintosomethingyetcruderandmoreludicrous.But evenapartfromtheprimaryquestionsofsourceandend, thereisawholetorrentofmisunderstandingabouttheinterimalso.Theirnotionofaninexorableonwardmarch oftimedemandsatrackclearofobstacles.Progressis likeawhippettearingacrossaflat,accordingtothem. Actuallyitislikeasnaillumberingupamountain-side. Theevolutionaryideainhistoryallowsfornohitchand fornomistake.Thecommonsensenotionseesprogress asagruellingscalingofcrags,aninterminablescrambling outofditches,andeverynowandthenacosmicslitherall thewaydownthehilltotheverybottom-andanew start.ItisinthislightthattheCatholicChurchisintelligibleinhistory.IfSheisconservativewiththeunhurrlinghasteofthesnail,ontheotherhand,Shedoesattain well-definedstagesofadvancement.Themodernwhippetisgoingveryfast.butheisnotgoinganyplace.He iseternallychasinghisowntail.

TherearetwoviewsconcerningtheChurchandprogress.Tuherenemies doesnotmovefast, enough,butShepersistsingettingsomewherewithexasperatingconsistency.Tomanyofthechildrenofherown household,theChurchmovesagreatde.altoofast.She doesnotrousethemoutofbed,butShemovesaboutthe HouseoftheFaithwiththatinsistentmotionwhichcreatesanuneasinessaboutprolongedslumber.Outside theHousethelittleRedruffiansarecrowdingwithclinchedlistsandraucousshouts.Theywouldburndownthe HouseexceptforadimhistoricdreadthattheChurch wouldriselikethePhoenixfromtheashes.Eventhis externalclamourdoesnotundulydisturbtheindolent 3leepoftheHousehold.Thedreamersdonotbelieve aboutthePhoenix,buttheyarecertainthatChristrose fromthedead,andtheyknow,inanacademicway,that theChurchisChrist.Ultimately,however,therewillbe anawakening.Anditwillberatherimportantwhose handsnatchesawaythecoverletofcomplacencyandignorance.Catholicshavehadtheworkers'charterin theirpocketsfor60years.Theycantakeitoutandbegin thesocialcrusadeinjusticeandcharity.Ortheycan waitfortheimminentinvasionofthegangfromoutside. "Therewillbeweepingandgnashingofteeth."

DEATHS.

DREW.-OnFebruary19,1947 (AshWednesday),atCueHospital,CorneliusJoseph.dearly lovedhusbandofthelate SaraDrew,lovingfatherof SheelahandBillRoberts,lov inggrandfatherofDenis,Vin centandPaulineRoberts. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhisdearsoul.

HARRIS.-AtSt.JohnofGod Hospital,onFebruary 16, Maude,dearlybelovedsister ofMary(Mrs.J.Hynes),sister-in-lawofJoe,andauntyof Terence,Mary,Reginald;aged 46years. MaytheSacredHeartofJesus havemercyonhersoul.

LINDSAY.-OnFebruary19,at BusseltonHospital,AliceCatherine,lovedmotherand mother-in-lawofBoband Mary,fondgrandmaofKathleen,Daphne,Roberta,AdeleneandBrian.R.I.P.

RYAN.-OnDecember14,1946, athishome,104Forest-street, Cottesloe,WesternAustralia, Denis,belovedhusbandof MaryCatherineRyan,loving sonofthelateJamesand JohannaRyan(ofWildfleld, Kilkenny,Ireland),fondsonin-lawofthelateTimothyand AnnieHosey,andbrother-in.lawofPatrickJosephHosey, of17Rosser-street,Cottesloe; aged52years.

RequiescatinPace.

RYAN.-OnDecember14,1946, afteralongillness,Denis Ryan,lovingbrotherofJulia (Mrs.Butler,deceased),Agnes (Mrs.Tynan),andJames Ryan,ofKilkenny,Ireland, Rev.BrotherP.DeclanRyan (Dublin),Mary(SisterM. Dorothy),SisterM.Chrysostorn(deceased),Ellie(Sister M.Louis),Nan(SisterM. Joannes),Martin,Johnand LawrenceRyan,ofU.S.A., Alice(SisterM.Ethelreda, Aden,Arabia),JosephRyanBrisbane,Queensland),nephewofMotherM.Febronie (SacredHeartConvent,New York),andcousinofSisterM. Julianna(U.S.A.).

RequiescatinPace.

YENCH.-OnFebruary20,at Fremantle,John William (Jack)Yench,dearlybeloved nephewofFrankandTess O'Connor, SacredofMundaring. HeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

THANKS.

TherelativesofthelateEsmondHeenanandMaureenSheehanwishtosincerelyTHANK theirmanyfriendsfortheirextremekindnessduringtheirrecentsadbereavement.

ACCOMMODATION.

Boardandresidencewithprivatefamilyrequiredbyyoung ladyinbusiness.R.O.24.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

Onceagain,asinpre-wardays, theannualpicnicwasheldon Sunday,February16,whenAssociationmembersandfriends sippedaboardthe"Emerald" forthetriptoGardenIsland. Theweatherwasideal,andall clubswerewellrepresented.

HolidayResorts

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany: EverySunday:7.30a.m.and9,45

Daily.Massat7.30a.m.during schoolholidays;6.30a.m,a:other imps.

Bunbury:

st.Patrick'sChurch:

AllSundays:7.30'a.m.and930 am. HolidaysofObligation:7am. andita.m. iouthBunbury: Sa.m.o'nallSundpys, HolidaysofObligation:7a.m.

Fremantle: 7,9,and10.30a.m.

Beaconsfield: 7and9:Liu Spearwood: S3(1a.m Rockingham: 10a.m.onallSundaysduringhuh. days

BusseltonandDistricts: Mirch2;Busseleon,7,30a.m.; Cundenup,1011.D1, March9:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Cowarnurp.10am.

March16:Busselton,7.30LA.; MargaretRiver,10a.m. March23:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Nlaryhrook,9.30a.m.

March30:Busselton,7.30a.m.; Karridale,10a.m.

April6:Busselton;7.'30a.m.; 'undenup,10a.m.

Scarborough: EverySunday:8a.m.

NorthBeach:

EverySunday:8.15a.m.

OsbornePark:

EverySunday:7,30and10a.m.

Mandurah:

Sunday,March2:8a.m.

Sunday,March16:ga.m.

Sunday,March30:9.30a.m.

Sunday,April6:9.30a.m.

SPECIALCOURSEOFLENTENSERMONS. AcourseofLentenSermons, atSt.Mary'sCathedral,byRev. FatherBuist,C.SS.R.,willbe continuedeachSundayevening (luringLent. 1.01=1.

LegionofMary

BankofN,S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters),

EXPOSITION:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentisheldeveryThfursdayinthe LegionofMaryChapel,atthe aboveaddress. AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries, ActiveandAuxiliary,andtothe Catholicpeopleingeneral,topay avisitduringtheday.Espoititios commencesafter8a.m.Maas,and concludeswithBenedictionat520 P

ROSARY.

TheRosaryisreci,edpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40and againat1.30p.m.MakeapracticeofvisitingtheChapelforthe recitationofyourdailyRosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheLuncheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 pm. Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallclawof2d.ThisWeviceisavailabletoall,andbusiness girlsareespeciallyinvitedtospend theirlunchhourinthehappyeavironmentoftherooms.

WARTIMEDISPENSATIONFROMABSTINENCE TOCEASE.

ThedispensationfromAbstinence,whichasawartimeprivilegehasbeenoperatingintheArchdiocese,will ceaseasfromAshWednesday(February19th.)ofthis year,Onandfromthatdate thelawofabstinencefrom meatonFridaysandother prescribeddayswillagainbe Inforce.

LentenRegulations,1947

SUMMARYOFTHEREGULATIONSFORFAST ANDABSTINENCE.

1.OttFAST(lays,thoseboundtofastareallowed onefullmealatmid-dayorintheevening.Inaddition, theyareallowedtwolightmeals-oneofabouteight dunces,andtheotheroftwo'orthreeounces.Anykind offood,andhenceevenfleshmeat,maybeusedatall threemealsprovided,atthetwosmallmeals,thelimitof eightandtwoorthreeounces,respectively,benotexceeded.

2.OnABSTINENCEdays,fleshmeatandmeatsoup areforbidden.

3.Lardanddrippingmaybeusedondaysofabstinence,providedtheybeusedmerelyasacondimentorseasoning.

4.Friday,unlessitbeaHolidayofObligation,isa dayofabstinence.

5.AshWednesdayandtheFridaysinLentandEmberWeeksaredaysoffastandabstinence.

6.Mondays,Tuesdays,Wednesdays,Thursdaysand SaturdaysinLent,andtheWednesdaysandSaturdaysin QuarterTenseareclaysoffastwithoutabstinence.

Itisnutthechiefdifficultythattherearesleepersin theHousehold.Somethingmightbedoneiftheywould onlysleepsoundly.Buttheyresenttheactivityofthe wakeful.WhenthewindowsoftheHousearethrown upandharanguesmadetothecrowdoutside,thereare petulantmurmuringsfromthebedsthatthatsortof thingonlydirectsundesirableattentiontotheHousehold. Theworkersmustrealisethatthereisanargumentforrelaxationandevenforsleep.Butunhappilyitisturned intoanargumentforcoma.Theruffiansoutsidearenever tiredofshoutingthattheChurchisnotsomuchaHouse asaRestHome.Theyclaimthatreligionisanopium, becauseanumbercannevergetoutofbed.Theparable ofthesleepyisaplainone.TheyimpedethesocialactionoftheChurch.notmerelynegatively,butalsopositively.ThereisdevelopingwithintheChurchapersecutionoftheorthodox.WhiletheChurchhasaradicalsocialproblem,thesleepersareannoyedthatthewakefulare radical.Theycannotaccepttheideaofrevolution.But thetimeisnotfarremovedwhentheywillacceptitwilynilly.

Quiteafewpeoplewerea littleconcernedastohowthey wouldfareafterweleftFremantle,butGardenIslandwas teachedwithoutmishap.

Oncethere,theswimmingenthusiastsshowedhowkeenthey were,astheyhadtowalknearly twomilestoreachtheback beach,butthiswalkwasjustified,forthewaterwascertainlyinviting.ManyothersexploredasmuchoftheIslandas timepermitted,andsoworked upanappetitefortea.

Thereturntripwasquitedifferent,fortheboatlurchedand rolledconsiderably,buteveryoneprovedtobeexcellent sailors,andallwereaccounted forwheinBarrack-streetJetty wasreached.

Fromvariousremarkspassed, wegatheredthateveryonethoroughlyenjoyedthemselves,and feelsuretherewerequiteafew sun-bronzedcomplexionsasaresultofthepicnic.

7.ThereisnofastorabstinenceonSundaysorHolidaysofobligation.

8.St.Patrick'sDayisexemptfromfast;ifitfalls onaFriday,itisnotexemptfromtheabstinence.

9.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirseventhyearare boundbythelawofabstinence.

10.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirtwenty-firstyear arehoundbythelawoffasting;theyceasetobebound byitwhentheyhavebeguntheirsixtiethyear.

11.Thosewhoareindelicatehealthorwhoareengagedinexhaustingwork,arenothoundtofast.Ofcourse, thosewhoareseriouslyillarenotboundbyeitherfastor abstinence.

12.OntheclaysmentionedinNo.6,thosewhoare notboundtofastarenotlimitedbythelaweitherastothe qualityorquantityofthefoodtheywishtotake.

13.TheLentenFastandAbstinenceceaseatnoonon HolySaturday.

biscrumnations

Groucao'sSCREENNOTES

"ASCANDALINPARIS."

Thisfilmisobjectionablein practicallyeverydepartment.At thesametimeitistechnically weakandlowinentertainment value.Likemanyotherfilms thathavebeenintheoffingrecently,itissteepedinsuggestiveness,anditoffersprecious littleofworthtothemoviegoerinexchangeforhistime, moneyandattention.

Thefilmissub-titled"The StoryofVidocq,"anditpurports totellthelifeandadventuresof Eugene-FrancoisVidocq,whois borninagaol,leadsalifeof pettycrime,butbytrickeryis madeChiefofPoliceinParis.

Afteralifeofcrimeandillicit love,inthefinalscenewesee Vidocq,repentant-atleasttemporarily-marryingasimple, trustingcountrygirl.Thereis nothingconvincingaboutthe wholefilm.GeorgeSanders,as Vidocq,washorriblymiscast, andhisactingmorewoodenthan usual.Hehasapolishedspeakingvoicewhichisadelightto theear,butoneexpectsmoreof anactorthanthis.Carole Landis,asLoretta,seemedas cheapandshallowasherrecent off-screenutteranceswouldhave usbelievesheisinreallife;and SigneHasso,asthestupid,if gentle,Therese.givesnopromise thatshewilleverattainthe dizzyheightsscaledbyhertwo compatriots,BergmanandGarbo. GeneLockhartisagoodcharacteractor,andgetsmanyroles thesedays.Astheunhappy husbandofLoretta,however,he alsofloppedbadly."AScandal inParis"isnotworthseeing.

DRIVEAGAINSTFILM "SIZZLERS."

ThelatestnewsfromHollywoodstatesthatthedriveagainstimmoralpictures-"Sizzlers" -isnotonlygainingmomentumundertheleadershipofthe religiousgroups,butsomeleadingprotagonistsarerightin Hollywood'sownbackyard.Many CatholicsodalitiesintheLosAngelesdiocesehaverecentlyannouncedthattheywillnotonly boycottpictureswhichignorethe standardsoftheNationalLegion ofDecency,butwillboycottfur therproductionsbyoffending filmmakers.

Itissaidthattwenty-five thousandhighschoolgirlsodalitymembersofthediocesehave calledamonth-longboycottof allmovies,toprotestagainstrecent"sizzlers."Churchauthoritiesannouncedthattheactionis voluntary.

ThespokesmanfortheLeague ofDecency,MonsignorJohn McClafferty,saidinNovember last,thattheLegionreported thatonly39.6ofallmotionpicturespreviewedbyitduringthe pastyearweresuitableforgeneralexhibition.ItisquiteevidentthatsincethewarHollywoodhasturnedoutmore"sizzlers"thanatanyprecioustime. AsCatholics,thestruggle,HollywoodversustheLeagueofDecency,isofmorethangeneral interesttous.

"SONSOFMATTHEW."

Isupposetherearefewofmy readerswhohavenotyetread thetwosimple,entrancing worksofBernardO'Reilly.I referto"GreenMountains"and "Cullenbenbong."Itispleasingtorecordthatthewell knownAustraliainproducer-directorCharlesChauvel,isabout toproduceafilm-tentatively called"SonsofMatthew"(it willberetitledlater)-basedon theactualexperiencesofthe O'Reillysintheearlydays. Chauvelgottheideathata grandstorycouldbewritten roundafamilysimilartothe O'Reillys,andforthelasttwo years,hestates,thathehasreceivedwonderfulcollaboration fromthefamilyandateamof

EVERYMAN'S irtliSie

ConcertbyGuildofYoungArtists intheSomervilleAuditorium lastSaturdayeveningmembers ofthenewly-formedGuildof YoungArtistsgaveamusical programmeundertheauspices oftheAdultEducationBoard.

leadingscriptwriters."Against themagnificentscenicbackgroundoftheKanimblaValley, N.S.W.,andtheQueensland LamingtonPlateau,thefilm storywilldescribethemenwho foughtagainstNatureinher mosteerieanddifficultmoods withnothingbuttheirsheerphysicalstrengthandtheirunwaveringfaithinthecountry.If itsucceeds,andIseenoreasin whyitshouldnot,incapturing thecharmandatmosphereofthe above-mentionedlittleAustralian classics7thefilmshouldbeatremendoussuccessandarevelation toourfriendsoverseas. Theleadingroleshavenow beenfilledandthecastingwill becompletedwithinthenext fewweeks.ShootingcommencesonlocationatLamington PlateauearlyinMarch.Boxing enthusiastswillbeinterestedto learnthatTommyBurns,welterweight.boxingchampionof Australia,hasbeencastasone ofthesonsofMatthew,and providestheloveinterestforone ofthesisters.Burnsshould welcomethechangeofclinches!

"THEKILLERS."

Arecentarticleinatrade journaldeclaredthatthewar hadagoodeffectonadvertising, anditaffirmedthatadvertising isnow"honestandingood taste."Iwonder.,Letusturn tothefilmadvertisementsinthe dailypressandseewhatthey say. Ifyourelishadventureinyour screenfareyoucanview"The Screen'sGreatestGloryStory!" oratanothertheatreyoucansee "Super-ChargedThrillsandthe MostUnusualAdventure."If, however,youareinromantic mood,youcanlookinon"The MostExcitingLoveStoryofthe Year."Ifthisistoostrong foryou,thenyoucanchoose betweenthe"StrangeDramaof aCaptiveSweetheart"orseea featurewhere"fromthefirst kissyou'llsitenthralled." Again,shouldyouprefershudderstosexthereis"Terrific DramaofanUnholyLoveand AlmostPerfectCrime,"ora "PowerfulandUnusualDrama," orthestoryofsomedamewhois "TooLovely toLive."If yourmoodisstillunsuited,there isalwaysshowing"TheScreen's MaddestandMerriestMusical Laugh-Quake,"oryoucanpaya secondvisit(ifyouarpstupid enough!)to"BlitheSpirit,"a filmwhichwearemodestlyassuredis "Super-Naturally Spicy."Wouldn'tit?

Toalltheabove"TheKillers' isanexception.Theadvertisementsclaimthefilmtobe "Tense,TautandTerrific,"and believemeitisjustthat.Itis alongtimesincePerthhas seensuchaclassicasthistense, mysterydramathatstartswith abrutalandunexplainedmurderofanobscurepetrolstation at,ndant.Thissetsthetension forthewholefilm.Ayoung andkeeninsurancecompanyinvestigatorfollowsupaclueand hedeterminesnottodropthe caseuntilthemysteryofthecallouskillingisclearedup.Itis onlyafterafewmoremurders andstirringadventuresthathe isabletoweaveallthethreads togetherandrevealacomplicatedandgiganticbetrayalasthe motiveforthekillingoftheattendant.

Thestoryistoldinaseriesof "flashbacks."Quiteafewfilm fansarenotkeenonthistechnique,andImustconfessthatit hasnotbeentoosuccessfulin thepast.In"TheKillers," however,thismethoddoesnot noticeablyaffectthecontinuity, andthetransitionfrompastto presentisdonewithspeedand ease.

ErnestHemingwayistheauthor,anditseemsthatthistime thescreenhasbeenmoresuccessfulwiththeadaptationof

Theitemsconsistedofsongs, pianosolosandotherinstrumentalmusicfromtheviolin,viola, fluteand'cello.Guestartist wasStephenDormanatthe piano.

Themostsignificantfeature ofthisprogrammewasthatit gaveyoungmusiciansandsingersachancetotrythemselves outbeforethepublic.Consideredfromthisangletheventureis worthyofencouragement.It cannotbepretendedthatanyof theitemsstirredlistenersprofoundly,butitwasnoticeable thateachofferingwasattentivelyreceivedbythelargeaudience(somewhereinthevicinity ofathousand.Ishouldsay).

ItisundoubtedlyAdultEducation'sgreatestachievementthat ithasbuiltupamongthegeneralpublicasteadypatronage forculturalentertainmentsat theUniversity.TheSomerville OpenAirAuditoriumhasrapidlybecomeavenueforloversof thearts,andnowhereelsein Australiaisoneabletositat easeincool,naturalsurroundingsonasummernightandenjoythedoublecomfortofa quietsmokeandlovelymusic.

Itissaidthatcomparisons areodious,andindeferenceto thisviewcommentsonthework

hisstorythaninthepastwhen Hollywoodfilmedthegreatly publicised"ForWhomtheBell Tolls"and"ToHaveandHave Not." Ithoughteachofthese films,viewedfromalmostevery angle,wasanabsoluteflop. I willneverbeastaunchHemingwayenthusiast,butattimesin "TheKillers"thereareflashes ofhisdry,mordantwit.andat othertimesthereisconveyedin thedialogueacertainmoving pathos,terseandpowerful,with aneconomyoflanguagethat strikesoneasrealartforall thatitseemssoartless.

TheCast.

Therearenorealscreencelebritiesinthecast,yetevery memberunderthesubtledirectionofRobertSiodmakismost convincing.Theactinghonours areprobablysharedbythenew. comer,BurtLancester,as"The Swede,"andEdmondO'Brien,as therelentlessinvestigator.These twomenhavepersonality,poise, andrestraint.AvaGardner, whoinreallifeachievedacertainprominence(andsympathy, nodoubt!)asthefirstofthe Mrs.MickeyRooneys,wassufficentlygrim,slimandsultryas theunscrupulouspartnerofthe gangsters,andAlbertDekker, asColfax,madeasuaveand sinisterring-leader.

Universalhavenotpulledany punchesinadaptingthestory; theatmosphereisoneofalmost unrelievedgrimness,slaughter, andhatredallround.Itwillbe tooheavyforagoodmanyfolk whoprefertheirfilmfaretobe atriflelesstaut,lesstense,and lessterrific. suppose,really, itisstrangethatwepayreal moneyatabox-officetohave somebodyscareushalfoutof ourskinsandwits,ortoputus onthevergeofanervousbreakdown.Inthesedaysofrationing,househunting,beershortages,etc.,manyofushaveno needtohireanybodytodragus tothevergeofanervousbreakdown.Welivetherenow!

"TheKillers"isnotallscream andscreech,butparentswould bewelladvisedtokeeptheir childrenawayfromit..Let themgotothecircusorsee againChipsRafferty,whiskers andall.

Thesupportingfilmis"Steppin'inSociety."Perhapsa moretedious,dull,witless, cheaper,badlyactedandlower entertainmentvaluefilmhas beenshowninPerth.Istronglydoubtit.Forsupporting(?) filmsitachievesanewall-time "low."

-"GROUCHO."

ofindividualswillnotbemade. Tobefrankonewouldhaveto becruelinsomeinstances,and sincetheentertainmentwasa combinedeffortbystudentssome leniencywithregardtoshortcomingsseemsdesirable.

TheGuildofYoungArtists wasfoundedin1942byMiss FlorenceHodd,whoseaimwas toencourageyoungstudentsof musicbygivingthemopportunitiestoperformmajorcompositionsbytheoldmastersandto presentmodernworksofmerit. Membershipisopentostudents desirousoftakinganactivepart inperformancesaswellasto musicloversinterestedinjoining aslisteningmembers.

Followingistheprogramme heardlastSaturdaynight: Songs,"SpringDreams,""Secrets"and"GretchenattheSpinningWheel"(Schubert),Gwen Read;"SpringSorrow"(Ireland)and"0MenFromthe Fields"(Hughes),AilsaRae; "LoveandtheLilacFlower," "Twilight" and "Haven" (Brahms),MargaretJones. Pianosolos,"LastYear"and "WaterLandscape"(Godowski) and"SpinningWheel"(Rail'), PamelaKott;"Impromptu"in Fflatandselecteddances(Schubert)."Arabesques"inEMajor andGMajorand"TheJoyous isle"(Debussy),StephenDornan;"NightFancies"(Dale), JeanDingwall.Concertofor viola,secondandthirdmovements(Forsythe),Marjorie Filby.ViolinconcertoinG Minor,Op.26,thirdmovement (Bruck),BrendaCullity.Menuet andTrioforFlute(Beethoven), GwenThomas.Trios,"Waltz," "Gavotte"and"March"(Frank Bridge),JoyEdgar(piano), NoreenEdwards(violin),and WendyTyler('cello).

Jarvis,thedignifiedbait, of"Pego'MyHeart,"which commencesaseasonatCathedral HallonMarch6.

AppealforBooks

ThefollowingbooksareurgentlyneededbyadistressedCatholicstudent.Anyonewilling tolend,letonhire,orsellanyof themisaskedtoforwardinformationthrough"DeGustibus," c/o"TheRecord"Newspaper, Hay-street,Perth.

Richardson:Pamela,VoLI. Fielding:JosephAndrews; TomJones. Smollett:HumphreyClinker. Sterne:TristanShandy. Austen:Emma. Dickens:GreatExpectations; BleakHouse;PickwickPapers. Thackeray:VanityFair. Bronte:WutheringHeights.

Hardy:TheReturnofthe Native. Conrad:Youth;LordJim; Nostromo;TheSecretAgent; TheWesternEyes. Lawrence:SonsandLovers; TheLostGirl;St.Mawr.

Joyce:PortraitoftheArtist asaYoungMan;Dubliners. V.Woolf:Mrs.Dalloway;To theLighthouse.

CYRILRILEYproducerof"Pego'MyHeart" fortheCathedralPlayers.Mr. Rileyhasmanyfirst-classproductionsinAdelaideandPerth tohiscredit.

STALIN'S"MEINKAMPF."

InalltheSovietlip-serviceto peace,wemustneverforgetthat itisonlylip-service.TheSoviet, ofcourse,hopesforwarsbetweencapitalistcountriesbecausethemoretheyareweakenedthegreaterbecomesrelativeSovietstrength.Infact, Stalinhascalledsuchwars"our greatestally."Stalinhasno illusionsonthispoint,however. AsaCommunist,heisafirmbelieverintheinevitablefinalconflictbetweenthecapitalistand theCommunistworlds.inhis recentlyrevisedbook,"ProblemsofLeninism,"the"Mein Kampf"oftheRedFascists,he declares:"Itisinconceivable thattheSovietRepublicshould continuetoexistforalongperiodsidebysidewithimperialist S4tes-ultimatelyoneorthe othermustconquer." Inviewoftheprinciplesto whichtheyadhere,itissimple logicfortheSovietleadersto shownofaithintheUnitedNations,tohamperitsattemptsto reorganiseapeacefulworld,and tosabotagetheeffortsofthedemocraticStatestoconcludejust andpermanentpeacetreaties withconqueredPowers.

AldousHuxley:ChromeYellow;ThoseBarrenLeaves;After ManyaSummer. Myers,L.H.:TheRootand theFlower.

Mann:TheMagicMountain.

Tolstoy:WarandPeace;Crime andPunishment;TheBrothers. Aristotle:Poetics(World's Classics).

Horace:ArsPoetica.

Longmus:OntheSublime.

EarlyTudorCriticism:Sweeting.

Eliz.CriticalEssays:Gregory Smith.

Hazlett:OnCriticism(from TableTalk).

O'NeillandWhitney'sCompleteGreekDrama.

Ibsen:ElevenPlays(Mod. LibraryGrant).

Anderson:ElevenVersePlays.

Synge:Plays(Everyman).

Yeats:Plays. O'Neill:MourningBecomes Electra.

YOUR EYES GOVERN YOUR GENERAL HEALTH,

'PHONE: B7326, SAINKEN&SAINKEN, OPTOMETRISTSandOPTICIANS 63,3HAYSTRBET (nezrAmbassadorsTheatre).

WILLIAMA.BROWNas

YCW

ACTIVITIES

DiocesanHeadquarters: NationalMutualBuildings,81 George'sTerrace,Perth. ?bone:B2646.

St.

HEADQUARTERS.

ATHLETICS.

Judgingbythebuzzthat'sgoingaroundtheY.C.W.,Athletic FieldDaypromisestobequite asuccess.Allbranchesare keenlytraining,andtheregular membersoftheY.C.W.Athletic Clubarekeepingthemselvesin thepinkofcondition.

Athrillingeventwillbethe 440yardshurdlessenior.Geoff Worner(whoholdsthejuniorrecord)andLeoHickey,bothmade goodcome-backstothiseventin theDouglasShieldcompetition lastSaturday.Theybothwon theirrespectivedivisionsagainst firstclasslocaltalent,andtheir encounterintheY.C.W.Championshipsshouldbeexciting,to saytheleast.

BrianMurphyhasbeenshowir-ercellentformoverthe440 yearssprintlately.Heranit in53sec.withoutmuchoppositionafewweeksback,andwhen pressedbyformerstarGeoff Wornerwecanexpectfasttimes indeed.

BilldeGruchyappearstohave thejunior100and220yardsin thebag.Otherswhomayrun himcloseareFrankCarterand JohnParrot.

IfTerryWoodthorperecovers sufficientlyfromhisinjuredknee, hemayrunthe120yardshurdlesjuniorinrecordtime.He willhavehisfastteammate, NevilleBrownrigg,topresshim inthisevent,andJohnDavidson,aformerHighgatestar, mayalsorunhimclose.

Admission.

Lastweekitwasannounced thatadmissionwouldbeIs.It hassincebeendecidedtoadmit everyoneFREE.Therewillbe acollectiontakenuponthe groundfortheYoungChristian Workers'Movement.

Trophies.

ItistheIntentionofthe Y.C.W.AthleticClubtopresent theirchampionswithcups,and anappealhasbeenlaunchedto defraythecost.Wewouldbe verygratefultoreecivedonationsfromanyonewillingto help.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

SocialNotes.

Ahousepartywillbeheldby thisbranchonThursdaynight, February27,inSt.Thomas'Hall, Reserve-street. Ourfortnightlydanceswillbe resumedonMondaynight,March 17. Thisdancewillbeagala carnival,toopentheseason. Dozensofnoveltiesarebeingarranged,therewillbeagoodsupper,andwehaveaneworchestra.

Cricket.

Thecricketmatchscheduled tobeplayedbetweenClaremont andFremantle,onSunday,February23,wasnotplayed,owing totheforfeitureofFremantle.

SwimmingCarnival

THECHRISTIANBROTHERS'SECONDARYSCHOOLS'ASSOCIATIONWILLHOLDITSTENTHANNUALCARNIVAL ON FRIDAYEVENING,MARCH14th.,1947,ATTHECRAWLEYBATHS.

FirstEvent:7.45p.m. Admission:AdultsIs.;Children,6d. SchoolsCompeting:Leederville,Fremantle,Highgate,St. Patrick's.

DINEDAILY IN

CAs FourthFloor

DININGMALL

Awayfromthehustleandbustleofbusystreets,youmay enjoyamid-daydinnerintherestfulatmosphereofBoans 4th.FloorDiningHall.MorningandAfternoonTeas arealsoserved.

APOTOFTEAissuppliedwithBoansDaintyAfternoon

Tea,whichincludessausageroll,cake,scones,andsandwiches,allfor10d.ahead!

3-COURSEMID-DAYDINNERS FROM1/9 GRILLS FROM1/6

BOANSCAFETERIA

INAHURRY?

BoansModelCafeteriaisatyourservice.Allfoodserved iscookedonthepremises,underthemosthygienicconditionsinBoansModelKitchen.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

Rally.

OnTuesday,March4,wewill havethepleasureofentertaining Leedervilleatacombinedrally ofN.C.G.M.andY.C.W.The rallywilltaketheformofan inter-branchcompetiioninbadminton,quoits,tabletennis,debating,andalsoaquizsession willbeheld.AsHighgateand Leedervillehavealwayabeen keenandstrongrivalsforMovementhonours,thisrallyshould bequiteasuccess,tosaythe least.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

LentenMassRoster.

Anotherremindertobranch membersoftheY.C.W.roster forLent.Ifyournameisnot alreadydownforonedayeacn week,now'sthetime,even thoughwearewellintotheseasonofLent.Thebranch,particularly,andtheMovementgenerally,canusealltheprayers thatyoucanmuster,sogivein yournametoanymemberof theexecutive.

Rally.

OnSunday,23rd.,theN.C.G.M. heldaformalinitiationofmembers,andasocialgatherinfafterwards.inSt.Joseph'sHall,to whichtheY.C.W.addedlustre byturningupingoodnumbers torenderanyhelppossible.It's goodtoseethegirls'clubofficiallystartedandanyhelpwe cangivewillbeofferedfreely. BasketBall.

Afteralapseofsomeweeks withoutamatch,onaccountof thefallingthroughofourinterparishcompetition,theteamat lasthadagoagainonMonday night,17th..,whenitplayeda matchagainstSubiacoPolice Boys.Wefieldedafairteam, andonthewholedidnotdoso badly,finalscoresbeing38-20,in favouroftheopposition.Jim MaschmedtandTedFlanagan didagoodjobforus,asalso TomHughes,whoinjuredan anklefairlyearly,andwasforcedtositout.Weareendeavouringtomusterateamforthe Amateurs'Associationthisseason.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Picnic.

LastSundaymorningsawa merrycrowdsetoutforGlen Forrest.ApartfromathunderstormatGuildford,plusafew "detonators,"andathorough drenchingwhilewaitingforthe homewardtrain,theweather wasdelightrul.Thelongtrek totheoldswimmingholeputan edgeontheappetitesandlunch wasdevouredwithaheartyrelish.TheN.C.G.M.provided someunusualamusementbydivinginfullydressed.Theymust haveanticipatedthethunderstormcominghome.

Onthehomewardtriponecarriagefullofblithespirits,led byNevilleandRon,providedthe earlyeveningmusicale,fortified bychocolates,biscuitsandcool drinks.Itishopedthatthey willhaverecoveredsufficientlyin timeforthenextpicnic.

RallyatHighgate.

OnTuesday,March4,there willbearallyoftheY.C.W. andN.C.G.M.ofbothHighgate andLeederville,atHighgate. Thesuccessofthisoccasiondependsentirelyonthemembers themselves.Notonlydowe wanttheboysandgirlstoturn outinforce,buteveryonemust contributehissharetothesocial atmosphereofthisrally.Weexpectagreatdealofgoodtoresultifeachmemberdoeshis best.

Dances.

Fortnightlydancesareheldin St.Mary'sHalleverysecond Friday.Thenextoneison Friday,March7.Allbranches arewelcometothesesocials.Just takea15or16traminWilliamstreet,Perth,andgetoffat Franklin-street.

CATHOLICWOMEN'S LEAGUE

TheExecutivemeetingwillbe heldonWednesday,March6,at 2.30p.m.

Thegeneralmeetingwilltake placeonWednesday,March12, at2.30p.m. Membersarestillworkingbusilytogettheparcelsawayfor theDistressedEuropeanFund. Alargenumberhavebeenforwarded,butmorehelperswould bewelcome.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT DIOCESANHEADQUARTERS.

Pleasenotelistofmeetingsto beheldatHeadquartersduring March:

CouncilMeeting:Monday,3rd., at8p.m.

ExecutiveMeetings:March10 and31. MarianLodgeCommittee Meetings:March6and19,at6 p.m. Leaders'Retreat:Delegatesto theMarianLodgeCommitteeare particularlyrequestedtoattend theMarchmeetings,sothatarrangementsfortheLeadets'Retreat,onMarch22and28,may bemade.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Rehearsals.

OnSundaynight,March2, everyoneinthechorusandalso thesoloistsareexpectedinthe hallafterdevotions.Practice willreallybeinearnest,asthe recordingsaretobemadeas soonaspossible.Principals willbenotifiedofwhentheirrehearsalswilltakeplace.

Highgate-LeedervilleRally.

AsaresultofachallengebetweentheHighgateandLeedervillebadmintonteams,aneveninghasbeenarrangedonTuesday,March4,whenageneral 'competitionbetweenthetwo branches,consistingofbadminton,quizzsession,debate,quoits andtabletenniswilltakeplace. Allmembersofbothbranches willbewelcome.

Tennis.

AsusualonThursdayevenings(8-11p.m.),atLoftusPark Courts. Gener.alMeeting.

Thegeneralmeetingwillbe heldlaterthanusual,afterDevotions,onWednesday,March5. Physicaltrainingwillbeheldbeforethemeetingasusual. Dance. Thenextdancewillbeheldon March7,inthe Hall.

SUBIACOBRANCH.

OnSunday,February23,as initiationceremoinytookplacein St.Joseph'sHall.Rev.Dr. Sullivan,whowastohavepresentedthebadges,wasunableto attend,soFatherDepiazziably carriedoninhisabsence.After Devotionseveryoneadjournedto theHallwhereanenjoyablesocialeveningwashadbyall. GeneralMeeting. Nextgeneralmeetingwillbe heldonTuesday,March4,at8 p.m.intheHall. N.C.G.M.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

GeneralMeeting.

Ourlastgeneralmeetingwas wellattended,andthedatefor thenextisMarch6,at8p.m.

Theresultsoftheelections heldatthelastmeetingwereas Mows:President,FrancesMcAdam;vice-president,Margaret Gray;secretary,PatChauncy; treasurer,RonaWhite;warden, FayScott;propagandist,Claire Kelly;socialcommittee,Maureen Puckering,PaulineSelfandFay Scott;sportscommittee,Pat French,MaryPittsandLillian Eckersley;savingsscheme,Fay McAuliffeandFredaWeston.

Tennis.

Thisactivityisheldatthe HighSchoolCourtseverySunday morningat10.0. Dances.

OurnextdancewillbeanEasterCarnival,onApril11. We wantittobeagreatsuccess.

Badminton.

MatchagainstLeederville,arrangedforMarch4,atHighgate. Alsoquoits,tabletennis,quizzes anddebating.Practicebefore thechallengematchwillbeheld onSundayeveningafterDevotions.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

AgeneralmeetingoftheNedlandsN.C.G.M.willbeheldatSt. Theresa'sHallwithinthenext fewweeks.Theactualdate willbepublishedinthiscolumn. Dancingclasseswillbeheldas usualfrom8o'clockto9o'clock onTuesday,March4,atSt.Theresa'sHall,Tyrell-street.

OLDACQUINIANS' ASSOCIATION

ByR.I.

NewsthattheaboveAssociationis,afteraprolongedwar lapse,oncemoregainingmobility,willbegladlyreceivedbyall connectedwiththeChristianBrothers'CollegesinthisState. SecretaryR.Hannahwasrecentlyinstrumentalincallinga meetingoftheexistingcommittee,andthoughunabletobepresenthimself,asuccessfulmeetingwasheld.PresidentPhon ScotthadwithhimassistantsecretaryColParslowe,K.andR. Kennedy,J.andD.Cullity,J. O'Hara,J.Quigley,andJ. Schwarz.

Adatewasarrangedfora generalmeeting-March4,at Aquinas.Itisfeltthatthis shouldprovetobetheoutstandingrallyofmembersinthehistoryoftheAssociation,such that,asabody,itsweightwill befeltandappreciatedbyall, particularlytheBrothersofthe College,towhomtheAssociation canmeansomuch.

Aprogrammeoffunctionsfor theyearwasalsodiscussed,the firstbeingtheannualGeneral CommunionattheCollege,on May25.Followingbreakfast,a programmeofsportswillbe held,thehighlightofwhich shouldbeachallengematchbetweenthe1932originalOldBoys' hockeyteamandonecomposedof presentplayingmembers.

TheInter-schoolsportsdance atAquinasshouldbeagay affair.Thisistobefollowed laterintheyearbyabarbecue, againattheCollege.

Itishopedthatacombined PublicSchools'OldBoys'Ball willalsobeheld.Thisshould provetobeoneofPerth'smost popularfunctions.

FORCHEAPERGROCERIES

THEMARIANCENTRE "EVERYTHINGFORMARIAN ANDCARMELITEDEVOTION."

THISWEEKWEFEATURE OURCARMELITESOCIETIES. TheScapularConfraternity embracesallthoseenrolledin theBrownScapular.Tofaithfulanddevoutwearers,Our LadypromisedEternalSalvationand,onfurthersimpleconditions,speedyreleasefromPurgatory.WearyourScapulargetothersenrolled-theadvantagesarebeyondprice.

TheScapularUnionisasocietyforthosewhowish,outof gratitudetoOurLadyforthe Scapular,tohelpspreadit.The usualindividualmembershipdonationsare:Annual,oneshilling; Life,OnePound;Perpetual,Two Pounds.Families,schoolclasses,andthedeceasedmayalsobe enrolled.

TheCarmeliteThirdOrder (Secular)isthemosthighlyprivilegedsodalityintheChurch. MembershipisopentotheSecularClergyandtheLaity,who wishtofollowtheCarmeliteway ofthespirituallife.

TheConfraternityoftheDivineInfantJesusofPragueis theCarmelitewayofhonouring Mary'sChild.Conditionsof membershiparesimpleandthe privilegesnumerous.AnyCatholicadult,child,orgroupmay enrol.

Explanatoryleaflets,pamphletsandbooksareavailableon alltheseSocieties-enquiries welcomed.

OverahundredtitlesofMarianandCarmelitebooksand pamphletsavailable,alsoScapulars,MedalsandHolyPictures.

Writeto:

NationalScapularHeadquarters

75WRIGHTSTREET,MIDDLE PARK,S.C.6,VICTORIA.

PublishersoftheNationalMarianMagazine,THESCAPULAR, 3/6peryearposted.DistributorsofthebestMarianandCarmeliteLiteratureandArticlesof Devotion,andCentreforScapularandInfantofPragueSocieties.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

AModernSt.Vincent dePaul

ST.PAT'SCONCERTAT HIGHGATE

Highgateparishionerswill againhavethepleasureofwitnessingagrandconcertonSt. Patrick'snight,March17,inthe HighgateParishHall.

HeroicLaboursofParisPriest AmongWaifsandStrays

Eightyyearsago,inmidwinter,theAbbeRoussel,aParisi priest,foundalittleraggedurchinrummaginginarubbishbin;hewassearchingforfood. Thepriesttookhimbythehand, gavehimsupperandmadehim abed.Hedidthesameonthe followingdaysforsomeother oungstarvelings,whowere nallittlesavageswithoutany ideaofGod.Soonhehadsixof theminhisroom,feedingthem likehimself,often,forhewas verypoor,onbreadandwaterwhentherewasanybread.

Then,theArchbishopofParis, Mgr.Darboy,himselfmoved withpityatthemiseryofthese people,gavetheAbbeRoussel 2,000francs.These2,000francs permittedtheAbbetorenta houseatAuteuil,whichwas thenjustjoinedtoParis,but wasstillthe"endoftheworld" asitwasinthetimeofRacine andBoileau:ahousewithan overgrowngarden.Itwasin thissolitudethattheAbbebegan patientlytomouldhislittleunfortunatestotheFaith.They madetheirfirstCommunionin June,1866,fromthehandsof Abbed'Hulst.

ThuswasborntheOrphanage ofAuteuilatNo.40,RueLa Fontaine.Thisisthepartof Francethatisintegrallybound upwiththereverednameof FatherBrottier-themanwho madetheinstitutionwhatitis tc-day.

FatherBrottierbelongedto theOrderoftheFathersofthe HolySpirit,andontheeveof the80th.anniversaryoftheOrphanageitisexpectedthathis beatificationwillsoonbeannounced.Fromahumbleroom inParistothelargeinstitution atAuteuilisalongstep,buttodaythesiteisnowcoveredwith buildings,verysimplebuildings certainly(apartfromtheexquisitechapeldedicatedtoSaint TheresaoftheInfantJesus),but lof:y,capacious,modernand practical,withacinemaopento thepublicandaprinterywhich executesordersandtrainstech-

FORTHEMILLION

Thisisthenameofourfree pamphletdescribingtheC.C.C. WirelessCourse.

DOYOUKNOW aboutWIRELESS?

DOYOUWANTTO?

anything

ThisCoursehasbeendesigned fortheaveragemanorboy,and itwillteachyoutheprinciples ofElectricityandWireless;how toimproveyourreception;how toeffectrepairsandsavethe feesofexperts.

WIRELESSisafascinating andprofitablehobbywithmany professionalopportunities.

Wewouldwelcomeyourenquiry.

COMMERCIAL CORRESPONDENCE COLLEGE

SHEFFIELDHOUSE, 713.21HAYSTREET,PERTH.

nicianswhoaretheenvyofParis Agriculturalorphanages,fourteenofthem,noless,spread fromtheSeinetothePyrenees, train,onmodernlines,field workers,agronomists,andfarmers.Morethan40,000children havepassedthroughAuteuilto date. Butitisnotthenumbersof thishumanarmywhichastonishesone:itisthetransformationeffected.GotoaFrench farm:youmeetafineyoungfellowatwork;youmeethiswife tendingthepoultryandtherabbits,withthreeorfourchildren hangingtoherapron.Or(and Iquotemyownexperience)you discusssomeprintingworkina bigParisfirmwithadepartmentalchief,andyouimmediately recognisehimasafirst-class man.Inbothcasesyouare dealingwithanOldBoyofthe FirstCommunionofAuteuil. Verygood;butifyoutalkto my distinguishednamesake, FatherYvesPichon,youwilldiscoverthatnotinfrequentlythe Auteuilchildrenaretheveritablewasteofsociety(occasionally"high"society),whomsociety hascoldlythrownoff.(Thusit wasinSpartaofold:andthus itwasunderHitler).Theselittleunfortunates,borninsorrow, abandonedbyall,havebeen gatheredinbyAuteuil,andhave beengivenhealth,laughter,and play,andhavefinallybeenmade intomen.

Inthefieldofsocialregeneration,noonehasdonebetteror morewithmoreprudence,orat lesscost. ItisatthispointthatImust speakofthelateFatherDaniel Brottier,foritwashemore thananyoneelsewhohasputhis stampintheworkatAuteuil.A greatgiantofaman,withfresh complexionandblueeyes,young inspiteofhiswhitebeard,he hadservedasamarvellouscure atDakarandaheroicchaplain inthetrenches.Whencalled, whilestillonservice,to"setAuteuilright,"heobedientlyacceptedthecalltothiscrushing office.

Justthinkwhatthebreadrationaloneofthreethousand youngimpsforasingleday amountsto.

Butthismanwithhisbrilliant brain,tenacityofpurpose,and organisingability,agreatleader ofmen,hadalsothepietyofa littlechild.

Frequentlyworriedabouthow toraisethetenortwentythousandfrancsneededtopayurgent bills,hewouldgooffwithsimplefaithtopraytoLittleSt. Theresa,whomhehadmade mothertohisorphans,andafew momentslateravisitorwould bringanofferingofexactlythe sumwanted.Thismaysound likeataleoutoftheGoldenLegend:butIhaveseenithappen myself.

ThatamanlikethatisrestinginthepeaceofhisLordisthe boughtoflargenumbersofpeople,butfirstandforemostitisthe thoughtofalltheorphanswhom helovedsowellwithhiswarm heartandforwhomhelaid downhislife.Romewilldecide it.ButIfancythatifthedecisionisfavourable,itwillgive greatsatisfactiontoonemanin particularintheVatican,and thatmanisthePopehimself.

ForCardinalPacellicouldseefor himselfinParis,in1937,thefinancialdifficultiesofAuteuil,the resultofthehugeestablishment havingtodependentirelyon Christiancharity,andhecould himselfappreciatetheperfection ofthetechnicalsideofthework.

Forwhenhehappenedtoneed 500visitingcards,hereceived themalmostimmediatelyfrom thelithographicworkshops, wherethelittleladshadnever workedwithsuchenthusiasm. TheseLittleFlowersofthePontiffwillsurelybewellbecoming tothestatureofourfuture Beatus.

Followingaresomeoftheartistswhowillcontributetothe evening'sentertainment:Pupils ofthePrimarySchoolandChristianBrothers'HighSchoolSt. Joseph'sConventStringOrchestra;aquartetteofmixedvoices fromtheCathedralChoralSociety,comprisingMissesMarjorie Hastie,MargaretAtkinson,AustinCoulehanandJoeAtkinson, inseveralIrishairs,including "TheDearLittleShamrock." MissBettyPontagueandNorma Atkinsonwillpresenttheir championIrishdancers;Mr. O'Brien,aversatileentertainer; Mr.Boyd,comedian;alsoMiss IreneStancliffe,Mrs.J.B.Carmody,MargaretCadd,Evelyn Brownrigg,andErnieMulcahy.

Theconcertwillbeorganised byMrs.Slattery,comperedby FredMoore,andMissMarjorie Wyndhamwillbetheaccompan- istefortheevening.

MissCannelMoranwillsing "TheMaidsofCadia"and"Rose intheBud,"andMissFrances Moranwillplay"Liebstraume" and"Clain-de-Lune."

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Patrick'sBranch.

Theusualfortnightlymeeting washeldonFebruary17,atthe roomsinHay-street.Therewas agoodattendanceofofficersand members.Generalregretwas expressedattheabsencethrough illnessofoursecretary,Bro.T. EO'Donoghue,andallhoped thathisindispositionwouldbe ofbutatemporarynatureand hewouldbeinhisusualplaceon ournextmeetingnight.His placewastemporarilyfilledby Bro.T.Hynes.Severalmatters ofimportancetothebranchwere d:scussedandsatisfactorilydealt with,andattheconclusionofthe meetingmembersindulgedin practicegames.Nextmeeting willbeonMonday,March3.

St.Kevin'sBranch.

Attendanceatthemeeting heldonFebruary20wasfair. Bro.Sweeneypresided.Our secretary,Sr.Hogan,wasunable toattend,assheisatpresent onholidays.WewishtoextendtoMissDoreenHughes,who wasinitiatedintotheSociety,a verycordialwelcome.

OurLadyHelpofChristian' Branch,EastVictoriaPark.

Sr.Presidentpresidedovera fairlywellattendedmeetingon Tuesday,February18,1947.We werepleasedtohearthatSr. Allen,Bro.B.KentandBro. Reidwerewellagain.Wealso wishBros.E.McCarthy,C.KenworthyandCantwellspeedyrecoverytohealth.

Allmemberswereaskedto securetheirticketsforthepicniconSunday,February23, fromthesecretary,andtobe suretobeearly,astheboat wouldbeleavingsharpat10.30 a.m.

Srs.WilliamsandFalconerand Bros.WilliamsandHowardwere dulyinitiatedandwelcomedby Sr.President.

Ournextmeetingwilltake placeonTuesday,March4,at 7.30p.m.Luckyseatwaswon byBro.B.Hughes.

St.Brigid'sBranch,West. Perth.

AtthemeetingonMonday, 17th.inst.,considerationwas giventowaysandmeansofgettingthebranch'squotainthe DistrictBoard'sdrivefornew members,andarrangements weremadetoensuresuccessin thisimportantwork.Theinterbranchcompetitionsweredealt with,andafterthemeeting membershadamostenjoyable timeatBadminton.Afterthe meetingonMondaynextbadmintonandtabletennispracticewill beindulgedin.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate.

Atthemeetingon19th.inst., considerationwasgiventothe DistrictBoard'sdrivefornew membersandthemeanstobe employedtogetthebranch's quotawereconsidered.Attentionwasgiventotheinterbranchcompetitions,andmembersareaskedtoattendinfull forceatthemeetingonWednesdaynext,whenBadminton,table tennis,andquoitspracticewillbe held.

Everyonewasverypleasedto haveourChaplainwithusagain atourlastgeneralmeeting,held onFebruary18,inSt.Patrick's SchoolHall,andwewishtoadvisemembersthatallfuture meetings,bothleadersandgen- eral,willbeheldattheSchool Hall.

Abarbecuehasbeenarranged bytheY.C.W.forSunday,March 9,andN.C.G.M.membershave beeninvitedtojoininthefun. Tentativearrangementshave beenmadebytheN.C.G.M.for acombinedtennissocialatthe

ZooonSunday,March16,anda rivertriponSunday,MarchU. AtthegeneralmeetingonTuesday,March4,finalarrangements willbediscussed.Remember therewillbeabasketballmatch afterthegeneralmeeting.

ThedanceheldlastFriday wasmostsuccessful,andthe combinedeffortsoftheY.C.W.N.C.G.M.committeesaretobe commendedespeciallyfortheengagingoftheneworchestra.Unfortunatelyamonthwillelapse beforethenextdanceowingto theCathedralHallbeingengaged.

POPULARREVIVAL OF "PEG0'MYHEART"

belightfulComedyofIrishGirl inEnglishHousehold

Thiswell-lovedplaybyJ.HARTLEYMANNERS,willbe performedinCATHEDRALHALLbytheCATHEDRAL PLAYERS,onMARCH6,-7,8,13,14,15.Productionis byCYRILRILEY,andthecastincludes:JOYCERILEY, RHONAEDGAR,CELIAREITH,W.A.BROWN,FRANK O'GRADY,BILLDIXON,KEITHSPRUHAN,RONEVANS.

STATEELECTIONS

SATURDAY,15th.MARCH. PERTHELECTORATE.

MR.E.NEEDHAM,M.LA., submitshimselfastheSelected LabourCandidateforthePerth SeatintheLegislativeAssembly. Sincehiselectionin1933,he hasdevotedallhistimeandripe experiencetohisParliamentary duties,andhastakenanactive partinimplementingtheProgressivePolicyofsuccessive LabourGovernments.

WhatAnti-ChristWill beLike

ByMONSIGNORFULTONSHEEN.

"Theanti-Christwillnotbeso called,otherwisehewouldhave nofollowers.Hewillwearno redtights,norvomitsulphur,nor carryaspearnorwaveanan rowedtailastheMephistopheles in"Faust."Thismasquerade hashelpedthedevilconvince menthathedoesnotexist,for heknowsthatheisneverso strongaswhenmenbelievethat hedoesnotexist.

"NowhereinSacredScripture dowefindwarrantforthepopularmythofthedevilasabuffoonwhoisdressedlikethefirst 'red.'Ratherishedescribed asanangelfallenfromheaven, andas'thePrinceofthisworld' whosebusinessitistotellus thatthereisnootherworld.His logicissimple:ifthereisno heaven,thereisnohell;ifthere isnohell,thenthereisnosin; thereisnosin,thenthereis nojudge;andifthereisnojudgment,thenevilisgoodandgood isevil."

TheGreatHumanitarian.

"Butaboveallthesedescriptions,OurLordtellsusthathe willbemuchlikeHimself,that hewoulddeceiveeventheelect -andcertainlynodevilwe haveeverseeninpicturebooks coulddeceiveeventheelect.

Howwillhecomeinthisnew agetowinfollowerstohisreligion?Hewillcomedisguised astheGreatHumanitarian;he willtalkpeace,prosperityand plenty,notasmeanstoleadus toGod,butasendsinthemselves.

"Hewillwritebooksonthe newideaofGodtosuittheway peoplelive;inducefaithinastrologysoastomakenotthe will,butthestars,responsible forsins;hewillexplainguilt awaypsychologicallyasrepressedsex,makemenshrinkin shameiftheirfellowmensay theyarenotbroad-mindedand liberal;hewillidentifytolerance withindifferencetorightand wrong,truthanderror;hewill spreadtheliethatmenwill neverbebetteruntiltheymake societybetterandthushavesel-

VATICANWORKERSGET RISE.

ByorderoftheHolyFather thewagesofallVaticanemploy eeshavebeenincreasedby60 percent.tomeettheincreased costofliving.Thenewrates areretrospectivefromNovemberL

Familyallowancesforwives andeverydependantchildhave alsobeenincreased.Vatican employeesenjoyspecialfacilitiesforthepurchaseoffootwearandclothingandcanbuy certainfoodstuffsatreduced prices.

ThemajorityofVaticanworkmenandclerksliveoutsideVaticanterritory.

MissingFriends

ANINQUIRYFROMEIRE.

Mr.DennisF.Comyn,ofDublin,isanxioustocontactrelativesinWesternAustralia,whom hehasneverseenorheardfrom. Mr.Comyn'sgrandfather,John Comyn,wasanativeofTipper. ary,whosettledinCounty Clareabout1850.Hemarrieda MissO'Doherty,andhadfour children,twoboys,Patrickand John,andtwogirls.

DON'TBLAMETHERUSSIAN PEOPLE.

TypicalCommunist Propaganda

MONSIGNORSHEEN.

fishnesatoprovidefuelforthe nextrevolution;hewillfoster sciencebutonlytohavearmamentmakersuseonemarvelof sciencetodestroyanother;he willfostermoredivorcesunder thedisguisethatanotherpartneris`vital';hewillinvokereligiontodestroyreligion;hewill evenspeakofChristandsay thathewasthegreatestman whoeverlived;hismission,he willsay,willbetoliberatemen fromtheservitudesofsuperstitionandFascism,whichhewill neverdefine."

TheApeofGod.

"Inthemidstofallhisseemingloveforhumanityandhis glibtalkoffreedomandequality,hewillhaveonegreatsecretwhichhewilltelltonoone; hewillnotbelieveinGod.Becausehisreligionwillbebrotherhoodwithoutthefatherhoodof God,hewilldeceiveeventhe elect.

"Hewillsetupacounterchurchwhichwillbetheapeof theChurchbecausehe,thedevil, istheapeofGod.Itwillhave allthenotesandcharacteristics oftheChurch,butinreverse andemptiedofitsdivinecontent.. Indesperateneedfor God,hewillinducemodernman inhislonelinessandfrustration hungermoreandmorefor membershipinacommunitythat willgivemanenlargementof purpose,withoutanyneedof personalamendmentandwithoutadmissionofpersonal guilt....

"Jews,ProtestantsandCatholicsshoulduniteagainstacommonfoe.Itisnotaunityof religionwepleadforthatisimpossiblewhenpurchasedatthe costoftheunityoftruth,buta unityofreligiouspeoples. Inaword,ifanti-Christhas hisfellow-travellers,thenwhy shouldnotGodandHisDivine Son? Wemaynotbeableto meetinthesamepew-wouldto Godwedid-butwecanmeet onourknees.°

STATEELECTIONS.

MR.LC.NIMMO, ENDORSEDLIBERAL CANDIDATE.

Vote: NIMMO[1]

ForBetterSchools,BetterWages,StateRights, andConstructiveLegislation.

(AuthorisedbyR.C. Davies,CarrSt.Leadervine.)

Sometimeinthe60'sthefamilysplitandMr.Comyn'sgrandfather,anengineer,cameto W.A.,whereheobtainedapositionontheGoldfields.Hisson, Patrick,andhiseldestdaughter cametoAustraliawithhim,but hiswiferemainedinCounty Clarewiththeotherchildren. JohnComyndiedsuddenly,and Mr.DennisComynhasnoknowledgeofwhatbecameofPatrick.However,thedaughter, whoseChristiannameisunknowntoMr.Comyn,marrieda Mr.Diamond,orDymond,whom itisbelievedmanagedahotel onthefields.Thisdaughter wasMr.Comyn'saunt,andher childrenarehisfirstcousins. OneofthesonsvisitedClare duringthe1914-18warwhilsta memberoftheAustralianForces,butasMr.Comynwasthen livinginCorktheydidnotmeet. Mr.Comynhasreasontobelieve thathisrelativesarenowliving inPerth.Thepresentaddress ofMr.DennisComynis"Gort Na-Locha,"169aStrandRoad, Merrion,Dublin.

10010011XIVAMWOINWIANN

RACINGSELECTIONS

By"THEHAWK" W.A.T.C.

Saturday,March1,1947. PierMaiden:Solyolist,1; Wanetsie,2;LyricMaid,3. HowardMaiden:Virgo,1; FineThunderLeo,2;FineFern, 3. BarrackTrial:RoseMorn,1: Appian,2;Auville,8. SherwoodHandicap: Dark Brocade,1;Yoantee,2;Bura8.

RiverHandicap:Punchinello, 1;Mion,2;MorVeil,8. WellingtonWelter(2):Aero, 1;Kent.Lady,2;Trp.Prince,3. WellingtonWelter(1):Dark Brocade,1;Skyborne,2;Silvery Note,3.

TROTTING.

Breeders'Handicap:Flying Basil,1;LordSturt,2;Lily Wisp,3. KanownaHandicap:Trevor Bells,1;Silfred,2;PhyllisPronto3. KalgoorlieHandicap:Culloden King,1;BrilliantStyle,2;Royal Meadows,3. SouthernCrossHandicap: LadyM'dalup,1;Melray,2; CondaLad,8. Free-For-Al:ParaDerby,1; Miraculous,2;FriscoRobert,3. CoolgardieHandicap:Balgay Earl,1;Willair,2;Corinthian,3. BoulderHandicap:Childe Wirra,1;Arrowood,2;Valista, 3.

IthasfrequentlybeencounselledthattheRussianpeople shouldnotbeidentifiedwith theirrulers.Thisadvicewas recentlyrepeatedbyaRussian ataconventionoftheIllinois AssociationofStudentCouncils. HewasDr.TheodosiX.Mogilnitsky,associateprofessorof economicsatLoyolaUniversity, whowasastudentinRussia whentheRedrevolutionbegan andlaterwasanofficerinthe WhiteRussianarmy.Hissubjectattheconventionwasadiscussionofthesovietandthe Americanwayoflifeinthelight ofthetworevolutionswhich broughtthemintobeing.

Dr.Mogilnitsky,whosaidthat theCommunistrevolutionwasa draguponhumansociety,con. sidersthatweshouldbefar nearerasanely-organisedworld to-dayifithadneveroccurred. Advisinghisaudiencenotto identifytheRussianpeoplewith theirrulers,hesaid:"TheRussianpeople,inbeingforcedto testthedangerousplansofCommunism,servethecauseofall mankindbyshowingtheterrific pricepeoplemustpayforsuch anexperiment.Theirmartyrdomgiveswarningtotherestof theworld."

ProfessionalMen's SodalityofOurLady

TENGUINEALITERARY PRIZE.

Toprocurespecialhonourfor theMostBlessedVirgininthe 75th.yearofitsexistence,the ProfessionalMen'sSodalityof OurLadyatSt.Patrick'sColiege,EastMelbourne,isoffering aprizeofTenGuineasforthe bestproseorversecontribution inherpraise.TheSodalityDirectorfeelssurethatthisopportunityofexpressingloveforOur Lady,ratherthantheofferof themoneyprize,willinspire readerstoswellthevolumeof praiseforOurLady,anditis hopedthatmuchhithertowirevealedtalentwillbebroughtto light.

Thefactthatcontributorsare notrequiredtodisclosetheir namesshouldbeanadditionalinducementtomanyshyanddiffidentwriters.Althoughtheen closureofnamesandaddresses isoptional,itisrequiredthata pen-nameatleastshouldbesubmitted.Therearenoprescriptionsfortreatment,butitissuggestedthatwritersshouldendeavourtoshowwhatAustralia andNewZealandhavedonein theirowncharacteristicwayto honourtheirNationalPatroness, OurLadyHelpofChristians. Contributionsshouldbesentin onorbeforeMay31,1947,tothe SodalityDirector,Rev.John Nerney,S.J.Novitiate,Wat sonia,Victoria,ortotheSecretary,atthesameaddress.

Itisrequiredthatacopyof thecontributionbekeptbythe writer.

111,MN, .1^,0,1111,,11,,,,/,,1"=1,11."./,11.11r.

Notsoverylongagothefirst GermanshiptoreachIreland sincetheoutbreakofwarsailed intotheportofDublin.Ithad. aGermancrewanditsailedunderthesupervisionoftheAllied ControlCommission.Afew dayslateritsailedawayagain carryingacargoofIrishcattle, partofIreland'sreliefscheme forEurope.Asnoneofthe Grmancrewhadbeenallowed ashoreinDublin,byorderofthe Alliedauthorities,theGermans werenotquitesuretowhom theywereindebtedforthegift, andwhen,induecourse,Berlin's meatrationwasincreased,there wasaconsiderableamountof speculationregardingthesource ofthewindfall.

SomeBerlinerssaiditwasa giftfromtheIrishpeopletothe Germanpeople.OthersbelievedthatithadbeensenttoGermanCatholicsbyIrishCatholics. ThentheSoviet-controlledBer linRadiotookahandinthe gameandannouncedmajesticallythatthebeefhadcomefrom IrishCommunistsasagiftto theirGermanbrothers!

Thistypicallyaudaciouspiece ofCommunistpropagandahas itshumorousside,butthereis gravereasontofearthatfor somereasonoranothertheextentofIreland'shelptoEurope isnotfullyrealisedinsome partsofthecontinent.One Irishmanwhoreturnedrecently fromareliefconferenceat whichseveralEuropeancountrieswererepresentedreports thatmorethanonedelegateto theconferencedidnotknowthat IrelandhadsentanyreliefsuppliestoEurope.Inonesense, ofcourse,thisdoesnotmatter onewayoranother,solongas oursuppliesareputtogooduse, butitisratherdisturbingto thinkthatinsomecasesourlittleactsofChristiancharitymay becreditedtoasourcethatis anythingbutChristian.

SOVIETISATIONOFSAKHALIN.

TheformerJapaneseislandof Sakhalin,whichwenttotheSovietsundertheYaltaagreement, isnowbeingrapidlyandsystematicallyintegratedintothe Soviettotalitariansystem.ReportsbroughtbythefirstJapaneserepatriatesrevealthatthe CommunistpatternintheFar Eastdiffersbutlittlefromthe overallschemeofSovietdomination.Some300,000Japanese areworkingasslavelabourers undersevererestrictions. All industrieshavebeenplacedunderSovietadministration,while landhasbeennationalised.Ablebodiedmalesandfemalesover18 yearsofagearecompelledto worklongNounswithoutadequatefood.Despitecoercive methodsemployedbySovietadministrators,productionisfar behindthepre-warlevel.Coal miningisonlyataboutone-third ofthepreviousoutputbecause ofthelackofskilledlabourand enoughfood.Allfarmproducts mustbeturnedovertotheSovietmanagement,whilethe farmersarepaidmeagrewages.

IntheMay-Septemberfishing seasontheSoviet'authorities madeahouse-to-houselabourrequisition,compellingevenschool childrentowork.Russianis taughtasacompulsorysubject inallJapaneseschools.The averagewageisabout300yen monthly,whilethe"specialists" get800to1,300amonth.The officialration,however,isonly 330gramsofmilletperday,or lessthanonepound.Other pricesmakeasuitofclothes worth3,000yen,ortenmonths' wages.Severedisciplineisimposeduponalltheworkers.Daily food(rationsaresuspendedif thedailyproductionquotaisnot fulfilled.Absenteeismispuns ishablebytheSoviet-installed courts.Accordingtotheserepatriates,theSovietoccupation ofSakhalinhasreducedgeneral livingstandardsfarbelowthe pre-warJapaneselevel,andhas retardedsocialprogressforthe peopleoftheislandformany years.

A s

Mr.andMrs.J.W.Segrave,ofBallarat,Victoria(formerly MissSallyRogan,of483Newcastle-street,WestPerth),who weremarriedonJanuary28,1947,withNuptialMasa,by Rev.FatherScully,atSt.Brigid'sChurch,WestPerth.

DangerofIndifferenceto VenialSin

Pre-DisposingtheSoultoMortalEvils

Agreatsaintandscholarsays thatwehavenotalwaystheaccuratescaleswithwhichto weighthegravityofoursins (St.Augustine,Enchiridion,Ch. 79).Therearemanysins,he says,thatwemightconsider veryslightifHolyWritdidnot assureusthattheyaremuch moregravethantheyseem.For instance,hadChristnotsaidso. whowouldthinkitsuchaserioussintocallourneighboura fool?"Whosoevershallsay, thoufool,shallbeindangerof hellfire."(Matt.5,22.)

Forthisreason,St.Augustine saysthatitissometimesvery difficulttodistinguishbetween mortalandvenialsin.Wesay that"mortalsinisagrievousoffenceagainstthelawofGod," andthat"venialsinisaslight offenceagainstthelawofGod," butthisdefinitionofvenialsin ismisleading.Itisunworthy ofaChristiantosaythatvenial sinisaslightevil.Asamatteroffact,venialsinisagrave evil:graveinitself,initseffects,initspunishments.Itis graveinitselfbecauseitoffends Godandmarsthebeautyofthe soul.Itisgraveinitseffects becauseitlessenstheloveofGod inourhearts,makesuslessworthyofGod'help,andleadsus tomortalsin.Itisgraveinits punishmentsbecauseitisvisited byGodwithmostseverepenalties,inthislifeandinthelife tocome.

Tosaythatallsinsareequal inmalicewouldbeamanifest error.Asallmaladiesdonot causethephysicaldeathofthe body,sonotallsinsinflictspiritualdeathonthesoul.Mortal sinissocalledbecauseitdeGod'sgrace, whichisitsspirituallife,and thuscausesittodiespiritually. Siniscalledvenialwhenitdoes notdeprivethesoulofGod's graceorcauseitsspiritualdeath.

Venialsinsarecommittedin twoways.First,theyarecommittedthroughlackofreflection, humanfrailty,andothersuch causes.Fromsuchsinseven thesaintswerenotexempt.Second,theyarecommittedwithreflectionanddeliberationandwith theknowledgethattheyareoffencesagainstGod.

Suchvenialsinsshouldbe lookeduponasverygraveevils, fortheyoffendGod,andnooffenceofGodshouldbecalled slight.InhisRulesforMonks, ChapteronObedience,St.Basil saysthatnosinofanykind shouldbeslight.Itmaybe venial,butitoffendsGod,dishonoursHim,anddespisesHim.

Andcanwesaythatitisasmall faultandoflittleimportanceto despiseGodevenintrivialmatters?Onthecontrary,wemust lookuponeverysinasgrave, howeversmallitmayseem,when weconsiderthatnothingdefiled canenterthekingdomofheaven,thatGodisallholyandall Ijust,thatHecannotsufferthe leastfaultorimperfectionin anyofHischildren.

Theologiansdistinguishsins intomortalandvenial,andthey givetheprincipalpointsofdifference.Mortalsinsdestroy God'sloveandgraceandfriendshipinthesoul;venialsinsrenderitcoldandindifferent.Mor

talsinsbringdeathtothesoul; venialsinscauseittobecome weakandinfirm.Mortalsins arepunishedwitheternalpunishments;venialsinsarepunished withtemporalpunishments.Mortalsinsdepriveusofourright toheaven;venialsinsretard ourentranceintoheavenuntil theyareexpiated.Mortalsins areremovedwithdifficulty;venialsinsaremoreeasilycancelled. However,sofarasGodisconcerned,thereisnosinthatcan becalledsmall.Andoneshould not.committheleastdeliberate sinforthewholeworld.

BesidesoffendingGal,venial sinsalsomarthebeautyofthe soulandrenderitlesspleasingin God'seyes.Itistruethatsuch sinsdonotdestroytheintrinsic oressentialbeautyofthesqul, buttheydomaranddisfigureits externaloraccidentalbeauty. Theydonotcausethesoulto loseGod'sgrace,buttheymake itlessfervent.TheydonotdepriveitofGod'sfriendship,but theymakeitlessconfident.In aword,venialsinsdonotpreventthesoulfromlivingthelife orgrace,buttheydisfigureit andmakeitunsightlyintheeves ofheaven.HowcanaChristian soulappeardisfiguredwithso manyvenialstainsbeforeGod whocanendurenothingthatis notpureandholy?

Theattitudeofthesaintstowardvenialsinisquitedifferent fromours.Theyconsiderit suchagreatevilthattheywould choosetodieratherthantocommitonesuchsin,andappearbeforetheirLordandGod withitsdisfiguringstain uponthem,theywould'never ceasetoaskGod'spardon.St. AnselmandSt.ThomasAquinas declaredthattheyhadratherbe innocentinhell,werethatpossible,thantobestainedbyone venialsininheaven;foraninnocentsoulcouldnotsufferin hell,andasinnercouldnotenjoythegloryofheaven.St. CatherineofGenoadeclared thatforonewhotruly declaredthatforonewhotruly lovesGodthestainofvenialsin onthesoulwouldbemoreintolerablethanhellwithallitstormentsandmiseries.

Inthesecondplace,venialsin isgraveinitseffects.ItlessensGod'sloveforusbecauseit lessensourloveforGod;ft makesuslessworthyofHis help;anditleadsustomortal sin.Thisdoesnotmeanthata venialsincaneverchangeits naturesoastodevelop'intoa mortalsin.Neitherdoesit meanthatanynumberofvenial sinswillbeequalinmaliceto onemortalsinwhichaloneleads thesoultohell.Butitdoes meanthatvenialsinistheroad thatleadstomortalsin.A mandoeshotbecomeperverted andlostallatonce.Hebegins bycommittingsmallfaults;he repeatsthemsooftenthatthey becomesecondnature;hemakes noefforttocorrectthem;and finallyhefindshimselfimmersedinanabyssofthemostgrievoussins.

TheFathersoftheChurchillustratethispointbymanyapt examples.Ashipspringsa leakthatcausesittosink.St. Augustinesaysthatthisdoesnot happenallatonce.Itbegins

STATEASSEMBLYELECTIONS

WAGINELECTORATE. MARCH15th.,1947.

VotePIESSE[1]

ndorsedCountryandDemocraticLeagueCandidate. SuccessfulandGenuineFarmer,wholeesinthecentreofthe Electorate.

Voteforothercandidatesinorderofpreference.VOTE PIESSEandbeassuredofPeaceintheeconomical,rural andindustriallifeofcommunity: (AuthorisedbyG.A.W.Please,Tillillan,Wagin.)

withatinyopeningwhich,if neglected,becomeslargerand larger,untilitfinallycausesthe shiptofounder(Epistle108). Again,amassivebuildingthat seemedtobeproofagainstthe inroadsoftimesuddenlycollapses.This,too,isdueto smalldefectsthathavebeenneglecteduntiltheyfinallycause theutterruinoftheedifice.

Reasonandexperienceboth teachusthatwemustnotbe indifferenttothedangerofvenialsin.Foritisresponsiblefor thespiritualandeternalruinof countlesssouls-not,indeed,directly,butcertainlyindirectly, becauseitdisposesthesoulfor thecommissionofmortalsin. Venialsinincreasesournatural inclinationtoevilandlessens ourloveforGod.St.Augustinesaysthatthemoreourinclinationtoevilincreasesthe moreourloveofGoddecreases. Asmallrose,ifneglected,will sooninfestthewholebody.A decayedfruitwillsoonspoilall thefruitwith-whichitcomesin contact.Orisittheoldquestionof"Astitchintimesaves nine"?Thesetruthsapplyto venialsin.Thosewhodonot mortifytheirsensesandtheir passionsfromtheverybeginningwillgraduallygofrombad toworse.Iftheyallowthem theleastleewaytheywillsoon beoutofallcontrol.Whena largeboulderbeginstorolldown aSteephillormountain,itcan hardlybestoppeduntilit reachesthebottom.St.John ChrysostomgivesJudasasanexample.HesaysthatifJudas hadcurbedhisavaricefromthe verybeginning,hewouldnot havegonesofarastosellhis Masterforthirtypiecesofsilver (Homily81onMatthew).

Then,too,venialsinsleadto mortalsinbecausetheytear downtheprotectionwhichthe virtuesofmortification,temperance,andmodestybuildup againsttheassaultsofoursenses andpassions.Withthisprotectionremoved,webecomeeasy preytotemptationsofevery kind.Weloseallourdreadof sin,withtheresultthatwesoon committhemostgrievoussins withouttheleastscruple."He thatcontemnethsmallthings shallfallbylittleandlittle." (Ecclus.19,1.)

Thedevilisacleverpsycholo- gist-akeenstudentofhuman nature.Heneverbeginsby temptingpeopletocommitgreat sins,forheknowsthathissuggestionswouldberejected. Consequently,heleadsthemon littlebylittle.Itisacommon axiomthat"noonebecomes greatallatonce,"whethera greatsaintoragreatsinner. Thegreatestsinnersthatever livedbeganbycommittingvenial sins.

Finally,venialsinsleadto mortalsinbecausetheymakeus lessworthyofGod'sgrace.We cannotcontinuetooffendGodby venialsinswithoutincurringHis displeasureandlosingHisfriendshipandHishelp.Then,deprivedofGod'shelpandleftto ourownresources,wesoonbecomeeasypreytothetemptationsofthedevil.Ourvenial sinsnotonlybecomemorenumerousandgrave,buttheyare soontranslatedintomortalsins oftheworstkind.Who,then. cansaythatvenialsinisa slightevil!

Ifvenialsinisagraveevilin itselfandinitseffects,itis equallygraveinitspunishments. ForitisvisitedbyGodwith mostseverepenaltiesbothinthis lifeandinthelifetocome.Holy Writisfilledwithexamples. Mary.thesisterofMoses,was coveredwithleprosyfromhead tofootformurmuringagainst herbrother(Num.12,10).For aslightactofdiffidenceinGod's promise,Moseshimselfwasnot allowedtoenterthePromised

Land,withinsightofwhichhe died(Deut,34,5).Lot'swife wasturnedintoastatueofsalt asapunishmentforhercuriosity whenshelookedbackatthe burningcityofSodomfrom whichshefled(Gen.19,26).A prophetsentbyGodtoreprove kingJeroboam,forhiswicked conductwashimselfcondemned tobekilledbyalionforanact ofdisobediencewhichseemed justified(3Kings13,24).The LeviteOzawasstruckdeadby Godforhavingtouchedthe.Ark oftheLordtokeepitfromfalling(2Kings,6,7).Ananiasand Saphirawerestrickendeadfor havingliedtotheApostles (Acts5,5,10). Ourvenialsinsarenoless gravethanthoseofthepeople ofold,andiftheyarenolonger punishedbyGodwiththesame

severityinthislife,wemustrememberthattheyarejustasdeservingofpunishment.We mustremember,too,thatifthey arenotpunishedhere,theywill notescapemoreterriblepunishmenthereafterinpurgatory. Andwhocanfathomthesufferingsofpurpatory?Thesacred writerstellusthatthereisonly onedifferencebetweenthesufferingsofpurpatoryandthose ofhell-theirduration.Theytell usthattheyareequalinintensity,butthatthesufferingsof helllastforever,whilethesufferingsofpurgatory?Thesacred time.Butwhowouldwantto gotopurgatoryevenforasingleinstant?Howunwise,then, togooncommittingvenialsins whichwillbepunishedinpurgatoryfordays,andmonths,and years!

AUSTRALASIANCATHOLICASSURANCE Co.,Ltd.

ASSETSEXCEED£2,000,000. SAFEGUARDTHEFUTURE Effectan"A.CA,"PolicynowandshareIntheCompany'sprosperity,asPolicyholdersreceiveatleast90percent,oftheprofits,

HEADOFFICE:A.C,A.BUILDING,66KINGSTREET,SYDNEY.

P.J.RYAN,Secretary.D.J.MOONEY,ManagingDirector.

VICTORIA:

BRANCH-OFFICES:

A.C.A.Building,118-126Queen Street,Melbourne. CA.ADAMS,ResidentSecretary.

SOUTHAUSTRALIA.

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,12King WilliamStreet,Adelaide. W.GILROY,ResidentSecretary.

QUEENSLAND: A,C.A.Building,270-272Queen Street,Brisbane. RF.McFITIGH,ResidentSecretary WESTERNAUSTRALIA: WarwickHouse,St.George'sTerrace,Perth. P.ENGLEBRECHTResident Secretary.

SidelightsontheSoviet TroopCensusandPolish Slavery

The

Inthesedaystheweaponof excommunicationisbeingusedin manypartsofEuropeandthe world.Itsmaterialformis, broadlyspeaking,thebreadration.Forexample,thePoles inPoland,ortheSerbsinYugoslavia,suspectedtobeanti-pathetictotheregime,findtheir

668,0002,015,000 Americannationhassuccessful' lyrestrictedYankeeimperialism. TheEasternEuropeannations havenotresistedRussianimperialism.

NolongerdoAmericanMarinesinvadeNicaraguatocollect debtsfortheUnitedFruitCompany;butRussianarmiescollect whatiseuphemisticallycalled "reparations"forSovietRussia. NolongerdoesWashingtondictatethekindofgovernnibritArgentinamusthave,asMoscow dictatestoWarsawandBelgrade.

TherealltheGreatPowersare solemnlycommittedtoensuring freeandunfetteredelections.

Mostunfortunately,althoughthe legitimateGovernmentofPolandwasreadytohand,and thoughnoonehaseverhadthe leastdoubtthatitwouldhave conductedelections,thesignatoriesoftheYaltaAgreementdecidedtopassitoverinfavour offoreignnomineesofCommunism.GreatBritainandthe UnitedStateshavelongsince learnttheseriousnessofthat falsestep,astheircomplaints totheBierutGovernmentmake clear.Butnoteshaveprovedas unavailing,astheyprovedin thecaseoftheBalkans.Action isoverdue,andthefirstaction tobetakenisprettyobvious.

TheWarsawGovernmenthasnot carriedoutthesoletaskfor whichitwascreated-tohold fairelections.Diplomaticrelationswithitshouldtherefore bebrokenandstepstakentoget ridofitlock,stock,andbarrel.

RUSSIAIMPOSESSLAVERY ONPOLES.

Aplanforthedeportationof nearlyalltheintelligentsiafrom PolandisbeingdrawnupsecretlybytheCommunistPartycentresinPoland,ontheinstructionsoftheSovietCommunist authorities.

DetailsofthisplanhaveleakedoutofPolandowingtothe factthatmanyWarsawofficials, havingtravelledabroadonone pretextoranother,refusetoreturntothecountry.Withinthe lastsixmonthstherehavebeen numerousinstancesofthis amongthestaffsofPolishEmbassiesandLegations.

CreativeGeniusof WaltDisney

AnArtistWho

Mostcinemapersonalitieshave aparticularfanfollowing.Only onehasauniversallyenthusiasticpatronage,andthatunique personalityandartistisWalt Disney. Apartfromhiscreativegenius, hehasthedistinctionofbeing onefilmartistwhohasneveroffendedanyofthesusceptibilities ofanaudiencewhichranges fromsevenyearsoldtotheseventyyearolds.

WaltDisneywasborninChicagoonDecember5,1901;but hisfather,anIrishCanadian builder,movedhisfamilywhen Waltwasstillyoungtoafarmin Missouri,wheretheartistprobablygainedthosefirstimpressionswhichwerelatertranslated intotheanimalandfaunacharactersofhisSillySymphonies.

Laterthefamilymovedto KansasCity,whereWaltsold newspapersandoccasionallydid aturnonthelocalmusichalls impersonatingCharlieChaplain. At15hebegantoearnhisown livingasaletter-carrier,and laterduringWorldWarI,drove anAmericanRedCrossambulanceinFrance.

Theambulance(likeFlying FortsinWorldWarII.)wasdecoratedwithDisney'sowncartooneffects.

NeverOffends

ArtistandEducators.

FromMickeyMouseWaltproceededtotheSillySymphonies intechnicolour,thefirstofwhich Appearedin1932whenhewona SpecialAwardfromtheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsand SciencesforthecreationofMickeyMouseandaCertificatefor thefirstcolourcartoon"Flowers AndTrees."

SincethenDisneyhasprogressednotonlyasanartistbutasan educator.Hefoundthathis pleasure-creatingeffortscould alsobeusedtointroducepeople toanappreciationofmusicas in"Fantasia"Later,withhis S.American"travelogues"he touchedonthepossibilitiesofthe powerofhisparticularvisual aidstothespreadofgeneral knowledgeandpossiblyoflanguageteaching.

Now,hestillgivesusPluto andDonaldDuckforpurelaughter;andhealsogivesusmusic, soneatlywrappedupthatthe childrenandthedeterminedlowbrowacceptitasreadilyasthe musiclover.

Using16mm.,hehasalready startedexploringthecustoms andcultureofS.Americaand conveyingithappilytoaworld audience.

DisneyCanDoIt.

"NON-INTERVENTION"UPTO-DATE.

TheGreekCommunistguerillashavecapturedcontrolof840 squaremilesofterritoryalong theAlbanian-Yugoslavborder.

TheGreekguerrillashavealso cutGreeceintwo.UnlessBritainandtheU.S.A.givethe GreekGovernmentasmuchaid asRussia,thorughYugoslavia andAlbania,isgivingtheCommunists,thecivilwarpromises tofollowtheChinesepattern.

THEREALIMPERIALIST

MENACE.

Itistruethat"dollardiplomacy"hasreignedinthepastto someextent.Atitsworst,itis stillasmallerevilthanoutright conquestaspursuedbytheSovietGovernment.EveryLatin

-Washadaysare Easier

a snowywhiterandNObard rubbing is necessary. AlwaysuseRELAXinYOUR washtub.Obtainablein tbs.*ism.)

"ELECTIONS"INEASTERN EUROPE.

Noneofthenon-Communist Powersistakinganyactionto preventCommunisttyranny fromcontinuinginEasternEurope.Bulgariahasbeenhandedovertothewolves,and, thoughobserversoftheelections fromtheWesthavemadeitperfectlyclearthattheresultwas obtainedbysheerterrorism,no stephasbeentakentoreverse thisinjustice.InRumaniaexactlythesametacticswereemployedasinBulgaria.Thisis seriousenough,fortheworld cannotaffordtoallowCommunistaggressiontooccupyany morepointsofvantage,butthe situationinPolandisstill graver.

Thefirststageoftheplan,involvingthedeportationof800,000peoplefromPolandtotheinteriorofRussia,isregardedas thepreliminarystepintheevent ofgeneralmobilisationandisto beputintooperationthree monthsbeforemobilisationisexpectedtocommence.

Ourinformationreferstothe stageofdevelopmentwhichhad beenreachedtwomonthsagoon theplanfortownsonly.Aseparateplanexistsforthecountry.

Thewholeschemeisbeing workedoutinminutedetailunderthedirectionofRussianexperts.Theactualoperationis tobeexecutedbythePolish Workers'Party(Communist) militiawiththeassistanceof specialunitsoftheN.K.V.D.

Theplanprovidedforthedeportationofwholefamilieswith largequantitiesofmoveablepossessions.Themoppingupofa townshouldnotlastmorethan 10days,andwillbecarriedout atnight.Allvehicleswillbe requisitionedfortransporting thedeporteesandtheirbaggage totherailwaystation.Atrain composedof30goodstrucksis toaccommodate1,000people.The exactnumberoftrucksrequired ineachtownandthetame-table ofdepartureshasbeenworked out.

Theplanlay,downthegeneralcategoriesofthosetobe deported.Thefirstclassificationisprofessional,thesecond financial,andthethirdpolitical. Thus50percent.ofdoctorsare tobedeportedandaretobeselected,first,onthebasisof whetherornottheyhavealarge personalincome,andsecondly, onthebasisoftheirpoliticalrecord.Inprincipleallmetallurgicalengineers,chemists,and electriciansaretobedeported withtheexceptionofthoseappliedforbythemilitaryorparty authorities.

Afewweeksbeforethedeportationstakeplace,qualifiedspecialists(technicians,engineers, economists,statisticians,etc.) aretobe"voluntarily"recruited foremploymentinRussia.They aretobeengagedunderfavourableconditionsoncontracts forseveralyears.

Theplanisbeingworkedout withgreatprecisioninacentral office. Thenextstepwillbe toinstructthePartyExecutive Committeeinthevarioustowns andlocalitiestodrawuptwo nominallists,oneaccordingto theprofessionandtheotheraccordingtothedomicileofthose tobedeported:

Afterthewarhereturnedto KansasCity,whereasanadvertisingfirm'sartistheearned about£10amonthtillhestarted asafreelancewithapartner drawingletter-headsandsmall ads.

DaysofStruggle.

Earlyin1920hewasoffered andacceptedajobdrawinganimatedadvertisingcartoons.His salarywasabout£7aweek. Usingsomeofthisascapital,he workedatnightswiththeassistanceofsomeyoungartistsinan oldgaragemakingacartoon called"LittleRedRidingHood." Ittooksixmonthstomakeand hedecidedtogiveuphisjoband startacompahy.Heflopped. Hisnexteffortwasasaphotographerofbabies,inwhichcapacityhetouredKansasCitytill, fedupwiththemeagrereturns hewasearning,hesoldhiscam eraandwiththeproceedsbought aticketforLosAngeles,where hejoinedhisbrotherRoy. Hetookacartoonwithhim andfailedtosellit;sohesentit ontoNewYorkwhereitwasacceptedandtherecameanorder formore.

Encouragedbythisheborrowed£100fromanuncle,renteda partofanofficeandhiredtwo ladyastants£3aweek. One5ftheseassistantswas LilianBounds.SheisnowMrs. WaltDisney. Waltandthegirlsdidthe drawingsandbrotherRoydidthe photography.Inthebeginning Orbrotherslivedintheone cheaproomandatewhenthey could.Later,however,assuccessgrewtheyexpandedthe businessandsentforsomeofthe youngartistswhohadpreviously helpedintheKansasCitygaragedays.

Thislittlegroupnowforms thenucleusofthevastDisneyorganisation,andbrotherWaltis stillthebusinessmanager. "OswaldtheRabbit"wasthe firstanimalcharacter.Then cameMickeyMouse,whoissupposedtohaveoriginatedfroma littlemousethatsatonWalt's drawingboardintheKansas Citydays.

Mickeywasacompleteflop. Distributorsrefusedtohandle him;soWaltandRoydidtheir ,.)wndistributingandintheir hands"Mickey"prosperedand becamethefirstcartoonfigureto usesoundwhenheappearedin "SteamboatWillie"in1928.

NowwiththehelpoftheIrish leprechaun,Irishscenery,and somegloriousmusic,dancing, andcustoms,heoughttobeable topresentIrelandtotheWorld ScreensintheDisneyfashionandthechancesarethatagain hewillstriketheuniquenote andachievethealmostimpossiblebypleasingeventheIrish audiences,whohavesooften beendisappointedinthepast whentheysawtheimpressions otthingsIrishrecordedbythe lessergeniusesoftheCinema.

COMMUNISMNOTRIGHT BECAUSECAPITALISM WRONG

"AWorker,"Nedlands:

"Ioftenhearitsaidthatthe CatholicChurchisanti-Labour andpro-Capitalist;andasa proofofthisstatementtheEncyclicalLetterpublishedbythe Australian('atholicTruthSociety,called'Quadragesimo Anno,'iscitedasshowingthat theVaticanisopposedtoCommunism,Socialismandeven Socialisation.Pleasetellme ifthisisso."

A.:Inthefirstplace,might Ipointoutthatthefactthatthe letterofPopePiusXI.condemnsCommunism,Socialism andevenSocialisationisnoproof thattheChurchisopposedto LabourorinfavourofCapitalism.CommunistsandSocialistsareratherfondoftakingfor grantedthatanyonewhorefuses toaccepttheirsolutionofthesovialproblemmustnecessarilybe acapitalist.Thereisadeepseatedreasonforthisassumption,anditissimplythis,that neitherCommunismnorSocialismhasanythingpositivetorecommendit.Itsoneandonly recommendationisthatitisnot Capitalism.TheevilsofCapi-talismaregivenasaproofthat Communism,whichiscertainly opposedtoCapitalism,must necessarilyberight.Theproof is,ofcourse,invalid.Thetruth ofthematterbeingthatboth CommunismandCapitalists, thoughindifferentways,areunjustanduntenable.Iamusing thewordCapitalisminthesense inwhichitisusedbytheCommunists,tomeanthesumtotal ofalltheevilsandinjusticesof thepresenteconomicsystem.

Sincetheseevilsandabusesare repeatedlycondemnedintheencyclicalletterreferredto,itis absurdtosaythattheletter provesthattheCatholicChurch ispro-Capitalist.

PiusXI.,inhisdiscussionof therelationsofCapitalandLabour,startsfromtheprinciplealreadyenunciatedfortyyearsbeforebyPopeLeoXIII."CapitalcannotdowithoutLabour,nor LabourwithoutCapital."

EXTRAVAGANTCLAIMSOF CAPITAL

Fromthisprinciplehededuces thesupremelyimportantconsequence,whichIgiveinhisown words:

"Itisthereforeentirelyfalse toascribetheresultsoftheir combinedeffortstooneparty alone;anditisflagrantlyunjust thateithershoulddenytheefficacyoftheotherandseizethe profits."

Inthatsentenceyouhave alreadyanimplicitcondemnation, bothofSocialisminanyofits variedformsandofcapitalism, inthesenseinwhichweareusingtheword.However,the Popedidnotcontenthimself withanimplicitcondemnation. Heevolveshisthoughtatsome length,treatingfirsttheunjust claimsofCapitalandthenthe unjustclaimsofLabour.The Communistswouldbequitein

STANO'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL, PERTH

Phone:14281.

RandolphKnapp (w.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE.

FREMANTLE-L1512.

accordwithwhathesaysonthe lustpoint.Ishallquotesome sentencesforyouwhichIthink oughttodisposeofthatcharge ofbeingpro-Capitalist."Capital,"hesays,"waslongableto appropriatetoitselfexcessive advantages;itclaimedallthe productsandprofits,andleftto thelabourerthebarestminimum necessarytorepairhisstrength andtoensurethecontinuation ofhisclass.Forbyaninexorableeconomiclaw,itwasheld thatallaccumulationofwealth mustfalltotheshareofthe wealthy,whiletheworkingman mustremainperpetuallyinindigenceorreducedtotheminimumneededforexistence.It istruethattheactualstateof thingswasnotalwaysandeverywhcreasdeplorableastheliberalistictenetsoftheso-called Manchesterschool,mightlead ustoconceive;butitcannotbe deniedthatasteadydriftofeconomicandsocialtendencieswas inthisdirection."

UNJUSTDEMANDSOF LABOUR

Onreadingthatpassageyou couldalmostexcuseanardent Communistforimaginingthat hehadstumbledacrossapassage fromKarlMarx.Thenext paragraph.however,wouldhave disillusionedhim.Initthe Popegoesontospeakoftheunjustclaimsthatwereadvanced fromthesideofLabourinoppositiontothpunjustclaimsof Capital.Hesays:

"Thecauseoftheharassed workingmanwasespousedbythe'intellectuals,'astheywere called,who.setupinopposition tothisfictitiouslawanother equallyfalsemoralprinciple: thatallproductsandprofits,exceptingthoserequiredtorepair andreplaceinvestedcapital,belongbyeveryrighttotheworkingman.Thiserror,moresubtlethanthatoftheSocialists, whoholdthatallmeansofproductionshouldbetransferredto theState(or,astheytermit,socialised),isforthatreasonmore dangerousandapttodeceivethe unwary."

Afterdisposingofthesetwo opposederrorsPiusXI.goeson tooutlinetheprincipleofajust distributionofthegoodsofthe worldandinparticularofthe productsofindustry.Herecallsthatalltheseexternal thingsareintendedtominister toman'sneedsinanorderlyand stablefashion.Privateownershipisjustified,orratherdemandedbynatureitself,simply becauseitmakesawell-ordered useofthegoodspossible.

BETTERDISTRIBUTIONOF WEALTHNEEDED

ThePontiffcontinues:"Not everykindofdistributionof wealthandpropertyamongst menissuchthatitcanatall,and stilllessadequately,attainthe endintendedbyGod.Wealth, therefore,whichisconstantly augmentedbysocialandeconomicprogress,mustbesodistributedamongstthevariousindividualsandclassesofsociety, thatthecommongoodofallbe therebypromoted.Inother wordsthegoodofthewholecommunitymustbesafeguarded.By theseprinciplesofsocialjustice, oneclassisforbiddentoexclude theotherfromashareinthe profits.Thissacredlawisviofatedbyanirresponsiblewealthyclass,who,intheexcessof theirgoodfortunedeemitajust stateofthingsthattheyshould receiveeverythingandtheworkernothing;itisviolatedalsoby apropertylesswage-earning classwhodemandforthemselvesallthefruitsofproduction, asbeingtheworkoftheirhands.

suchmenvehementlyincensed againsttheviolationofjustice bycapitalists,gotoofarinvindicationoftheonerightofwhich theyareconscious;theyattack andseektoabolishallformsof ownershipandallprofitsnotobtainedbyLabour,whateverbe theirnatureorsignificancein humansociety,forthesolereasonthattheyarenotacquired bytoil.Eachclassmustthenreceiveitsdueshare,andthedistributionofcreatedgoodsmust bebroughtintoconformitywith thedemandsofthecommongood andsocial sincerejustice.Forevery observerisconscious thatthevastdifferencesbetween thefewwhoholdexcessive wealthandthemanywholivein destitutionconstituteagrave evilinmodernsociety."

INJUSTICEAMONG CATHOLICS

So,"Worker,"Ithinkthese quotationsshouldbesufficientto showthatthereisnofoundation intheencyclicalforthestatementthattheChurchisantiLabour.Towardstheendof thesameletterthePoperefers :othefactthatincertaincountriessomeCatholicshavedesertedthecampoftheChurchand goneovertotheranksofSocialism.PonderingontheirdesertionthePopesaysthathe seemstohearthemsayinexcuse:

"TheChurchandthoseprofes- singattachmenttotheChurch favourtherich,neglectthe workingman,andhavenocare forthem:theyareobliged,therefore,intheirowninterests,to jointheSocialistranks.

"Whatalamentablefact,"he continues,"thattherehavebeen, andthatthereare,evennow, somewho,whileprofessingthe CatholicFaith,arewell-nighunmindfulofthatsublimelawof justiceandcharity,whichbinds usnotonlytogiveeachmanhis due,buttosuccourourbrethren asChristOurLordHimself. Worsestill,therearethosewho outofgreedforgainarenot ashamedtooppresstheworkingman.Indeed,therearesome whoevenabusereligionitself, cloakingtheirownunjustimpositionsunderitsname,that theymayprotectthemselves againsttheclearlyjustdemands oftheiremployees.Weshall neverdesistfromgravelycensuringsuchconduct.Suchmen arethecausethattheChurch, withoutdeservingit,mayhave theappearanceofandbeaccusedoftakingsideswiththewealthyandofbeinglittlemovedby theneedsandsufferingsofthe disinherited.Thattheseappearancesandtheseaccusations areundeservedand'unjust,the wholehistoryoftheChurch clearlyshows."

WORDSATLASTSUPPERTO BETAKENLITERALLY

"'Q.,"NorthPerth:

"Q."writesmeaveryfriendly letter.Heispleasedwithmy answerstohisdifficultiesabout theuseofmetaphoricallanguage intheBible.Hewrites:

"WhenJesussays:'Iamthe door,"Iamthevine,""we don'ttakethesewordsliterally;ourcommonsenseforbids that,yetthemeaningisquite clear.Similarly,whenJesus, attheLastSupper,said:'This isMybody,thisisMyblood." itwasimpossibleforthedisciplestotakethosewordsliterallywithJesustherepresent intheflesh,handingaround thebreadandthewine.They werewellaccustomedtothe useoffigurativelanguageby Jesus,andHisfinalwords: 'Dothisinremembranceof me,"wouldmakeitperfectly

cleartothemthatJesuswas institutingasacramentofremembrance,andnothingmore. ThatstatementbyJesusbeginningwiththewords:'UnlessyeeatofMyfleshand drinkofMyblood,'wouldoffer themnodifficulty.Theywould understandthatJesuswascarryingthefigureofspeechfurther,toimpressonthemthat theymustfollowHim,takeup theircrossandshareHislife. think'woreasons,onegood andtheotherstrong,willprecludethisbeingreadinthe CatholicAnswer."

A.:Inthewordsofthewellknownchorus,"Ifthat'swhat youthinkyou'rewrong."For Icannotthinkofanyreasonwhy yourlettercouldnotbereadin theCatholicAnswer.And 1 havereadit.Sothere.Your difficultyisaneasyonetoanswer.Ihaveanswereditalreadynotmanymonthsago.Butjusttoshowyouthatalittle knowledgeisadangerousthing andamateurishBibleinterpreta- tionhasmanypitfalls,Ishall showyoufromthewordsofthe Bibleitselfandcommonsense thatthewordsofOurLordat theLastSuppermustbetaken literally.

Thisisaquestion,remember, notmerelyofthemeaningofan, isolatedtext,butthewholeinstitutionoftheEucharistforms awholethemeintheGospel, and,iindeed,intheBibleandin thewholeofGod'sdealingwith mankind.Justayearbefore theinstitutionoftheBlessed EucharistattheLastSupper, ChristOurLordworkedbeside thelakeofGalileeoneofHis moststupendousmiracles.He somultipliedfiveloavesofbread astofeedfivethousandpeople withthem.ThisdisplayofHis divinepowersoastonishedthe peoplethattheywerewonover inlargernumbersthanever. TheyfollowedHimaroundtothe ethersideof-thelake. He

spoketothemofthenecessityof faithinGod,andthenasachallengetotheirfaith,Hetold themthatHewouldgivethem Hisfleshtoeat. Ishallread youthewholepassagefromSt. John'stext:"Iamthebreadof life.Yourfathersdideat mannainthedesert:andare dead.Thisisthebreadwhich comethdownfromHeaven:that ifanymaneatofit,hemaynot die.Iamthelivingbread whichcomethdownfromHeaven.Ifanymaneatofthis bread,heshallliveforever:and thebreadthatIwillgiveisMy fleshforthelifeoftheworld. TheJews,therefore,strove amongthemselves,saying::How canthismangiveusHisflesh toeat?ThenJesussaidto them:Amen,amen,Isayunto you:exceptyoueatthefleshof theSonofMananddrinkHis blood,youshallnothavelifein you.HethateatethMyflesh anddrinkethMybloodhath everlastinglife:andIwillraise himupinthelastday.ForMy fleshismeatindeed,andMy bloodisdrinkindeed.Hethat eatethMyfleshanddrinkethMy bloodabidethinMeandIin him.AsthelivingFatherhath sentMeandIlivebytheFather: sohethateatethme,thesame shalllivebyMe.Thisisthe (ContinuedonPage19.)

M11511-Telephones-L1418

COMMUNISMNOTRIGHT BECAUSECAPITALISM

WRONG

"AWorker,"Nedlands:

"1oftenhearitsaidthatthe CatholicChurchisanti-Labour andpro-Capitalist;andasa proofofthisstatementtheEncyclicalLetterpublishedbythe AustralianCatholicTruthSociety,called'Quadragesimo Ann();iscitedasshowingthat theVaticanisopposedtoCom, munism,Socialismandeven Socialisation.Pleasetellme ifthisisso."

A.:Inthefirstplace,might Ipointoutthatthefactthatthe letterofPopePiusXI.condemnsCommunism,Socialism andevenSocialisationisnoproof thattheChurchisopposedto LabourorinfavourofCapitalism.CommunistsandSocialistsareratherfondoftakingfor grantedthatanyonewhorefuses toaccepttheirsolutionofthesocialproblemmustnecessarilybe acapitalist.Thereisadeepseatedreasonforthisassump- tion,anditissimplythis,that neitherCommunismnorSocialismhasanythingpositivetorecemmendit.Itsoneandonly recommendationisthatitisnot Capitalism.TheevilsofCapi-talismaregivenasaproofthat Communism,whichiscertainly opposedtoCapitalism,must necessarilyberight.Theproof is,ofcourse,invalid.Thetruth ofthematterbeingthatboth CommunismandCapitalists, thoughindifferentways,areunjustanduntenable.Iamusing thewordCapitalisminthesense inwhichitisusedbytheCommunists,tomeanthesumtotal ofalltheevilsandinjusticesof thepresenteconomicsystem.

SIncetheseevilsandabusesare repeatedlycondemnedintheencyclicalletterreferredto,itis absurdtosaythattheletter provesthattheCatholicChurch ispro-Capitalist.

PiusXI.,inhisdiscussionof therelationsofCapitalandLabour,startsfromtheprinciplealreadyenunciatedfortyyearsbeforebyPopeLeoXIII,"Capi- talcannotdowithoutLabour,nor LabourwithoutCapital."

EXTRAVAGANTCLAIMSOF CAPITAL

Fromthisprinciplehededuces thesupremelyimportantconsequence,whichIgiveinhisown words:

"Itisthereforeentirelyfalse toascribetheresultsoftheir combinedeffortstooneparty alone;anditisflagrantlyunjust thateithershoulddenytheefficacyoftheotherandseizethe profits."

Inthatsentenceyouhave alreadyanimplicitcondemnation, bothofSocialisminanyofits variedformsandofcapitalism, inthesenseinwhichweareusingtheword. However,the Popedidnotcontenthimself withanimplicitcondemnation. Heevolveshisthoughtatsome length,treatingfirsttheunjust claimsofCapitalandthenthe unjustclaimsofLabour.The Communistswouldbequitein

STANO'BRIEN, COURTHOTEL, PERTH

PhoneB4281.

RandolphKnapp (W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE. FREMANTLE-L1582.

accordwithwhathesaysonthe firstpoint.Ishallquotesome sentencesforyouwhichIthink oughttodisposeofthatcharge ofbeingpro-Capitalist."Capital,"hesays,"waslongableto appropriatetoitselfexcessive advantages;itclaimedallthe productsaridprofits,andleftto thelabourerthebarestminimum necessarytorepairhisstrength andtoensurethecontinuation ofhisclass.Forbyaninexorableeconomiclaw,itwasheld thatallaccumulationofwealth mustfalltotheshareofthe wealthy,whiletheworkingman mustremainperpetuallyinindigenceorreducedtotheminimumneededforexistence.It istruethattheactualstateof thingswasnotalwaysandeverywhereasdeplorableastheliberalistictenetsoftheso-called Manchesterschool,mightlead ustoconceive;butitcannotbe deniedthatasteadydriftofeconomicandsocialtendencieswas inthisdirection."

UNJUSTDEMANDSOF LABOUR

Onreadingthatpassageyou couldalmostexcuseanardent Communistforimaginingthat hehadstumbledacrossapassage fromKarlMarx.Thenext paragraph.however,wouldhave disillusionedhim.Initthe Popegoesontospeakoftheunjustclaimsthatwereadvanced fromthesideofLabourinoppositiontoairunjustclaimsof Capital.Hesays:

"Thecauseoftheharassed workingmanwasespousedby the'intellectuals,'astheywere called,whosetupinopposition tothisfictitiouslawanother equallyfalsemoralprinciple: 'hatallproductsandprofits,exceptingthoserequiredtorepair andreplaceinvestedcapital,belongbyeveryrighttotheworkingman.Thiserror,moresubtlethanthatoftheSocialists, whoholdthatallmeansofproductionshouldbetransferredto theState(or,astheytermit,socialised),isforthatreasonmore dangerousandapttodeceivethe unwary."

Afterdisposingofthesetwo ,seposederrorsPiusXI.goeson tooutlinetheprincipleofajust distributionofthegoodsofthe worldandinparticularofthe productsofindustry.Herecallsthatalltheseexternal thingsareintendedtominister toman'sneedsinanorderlyand stablefashion.Privateownershipisjustified,orratherdemandedbynatureitself,simply becauseitmakesawell-ordered useofthegoodspossible.

BETTERDISTRIBUTIONOF WEALTHNEEDED

ThePontiffcontinues:"Not everykindofdistributionof wealthandpropertyamongst menissuchthatitcanatall,and stilllessadequately,attainthe endintendedbyGod.Wealth, therefore,whichisconstantly augmentedbysocialandeconomicprogress,mustbesodistributedamongstthevariousindividualsandclassesofsociety, thatthecommongoodofallbe therebypromoted.Inother wordsthegoodofthewholecommunitymustbesafeguarded.By theseprinciplesofsocialjustice, oneclassisforbiddentoexclude theotherfromashareinthe profits.Thissacredlawisviofatedbyanirresponsiblewealthyclass,who,intheexcessof theirgoodfortunedeemitajust stateofthingsthattheyshould receiveeverythingandtheworkernothing;itisviolatedalsoby a classpropertylesswage-earning whodemandforthemselvesallthefruitsofproduction, asbeingtheworkoftheirhands.

suchmenvehementlyincensed againsttheviolationofjustice bycapitalists,gotoofarinvindicationoftheonerightofwhich theyareconscious;theyattack andseektoabolishallformsof ownershipandallprofitsnotobtainedbyLabour,whateverbe theirnatureorsignificancein humansociety,forthesolereasonthattheyarenotacquired bytoil.Eachclassmustthenreceiveitsdueshare,andthedistributionofcreatedgoodsmust bebroughtintoconformitywiththedemandsofthecommongood aridsocialjustice.Forevery sincereobserverisconscious thatthevastdifferencesbetween thefewwhoholdexcessive wealthandthemanywholivein destitutionconstituteagrave evilinmodernsociety."

INJUSTICEAMONG CATHOLICS

So,"Worker,"Ithinkthese quotationsshouldbesufficientto showthatthereisnofoundation intheencyclicalforthestatementthattheChurchisantiLabour.Towardstheendof thesameletterthePoperefers tothefactthatincertaincountriessomeCatholicshavedesertedthecampoftheChurchand goneovertotheranksofSocialism.PonderingontheirdesertionthePopesaysthathe seemstohearthemsayinexcuse:

sing"TheChurchandthoseprofesattachmenttotheChurch favourtherich,neglectthe workingman,andhavenocare forthem:theyareobliged,therefore,intheirowninterests,to jointheSocialistranks.

"Whatalamentablefact,"he continues,"thattherehavebeen, andthatthereare,evennow, somewho,whileprofessingthe CatholicFaith,arewell-nighunmindfulofthatsublimelawof justiceandcharity,whichbinds usnotonlytogiveeachmanhis due,buttosuccourourbrethren asChristOurLordHimself. Worsestill,therearethosewho outofgreedforgainarenot ashamedtooppresstheworkingman.Indeed,therearesome whoevenabusereligionitself, cloakingtheirownunjustimpositionsunderitsname,that theymayprotectthemselves againsttheclearlyjustdemands oftheiremployees.Weshall neverdesistfromgravelycensuringsuchconduct.Suchmen arethecausethattheChurch, withoutdeservingit,mayhave theappearanceofandbeaccusedoftakingsideswiththewealthyandofbeinglittlemovedby theneedsandsufferingsofthe disinherited.Thattheseappearancesandtheseaccusations areundeservedandUnjust,the wholehistoryoftheChurch clearlyshows."

WORDSATLASTSUPPERTO BETAKENLITERALLY

"'Q.,"NorthPerth:

"Q."writesmeaveryfriendly letter.Heispleasedwithmy answerstohisdifficultiesabout theuseofmetaphoricallanguage intheBible.Hewrrtes:

"WhenJesussays:'Iamthe door,"Iamthevine,""we don'ttakethesewordsliterally;ourcommonsenseforbids that,yetthemeaningisquite clear.Similarly,whenJesus, attheLastSupper,said:'This isMybody,thisisMyblood." itwasimpossibleforthedisciplestotakethosewordsliterallywithJesustherepresent intheflesh,handingaround thebreadandthewine.They werewellaccustomedtothe useoffigurativelanguageby Jesus,andHisfinalwords: 'Dothisinremembranceof me,"wouldmakeitperfectly

cleartothemthatJesuswas institutingasacramentofremembrance,andnothingmore. ThatstatementbyJesusbeginningwiththewords:'UnlessyeeatofMyfleshand drinkofMyblood,'wouldoffer themnodifficulty.Theywould understandthatJesuswascarryingthefigureofspeechfurther,toimpressonthemthat theymustfollowHim,takeup theircrossandshareHislife. thinkworeasons,onegood andtheotherstrong,willprecludethisbeingreadinthe CatholicAnswer."

A.:Inthewordsofthewellknownchorus,"Ifthat'swhat youthinkyou'rewrong."For Icannotthinkofanyreasonwhy yourlettercouldnotbereadin theCatholicAnswer.And 1 havereadit.Sothere.Your difficultyisaneasyonetoanswer.Ihaveanswereditalreadynotmanymonthsago.But justtoshowyouthatalittle knowledgeisadangerousthing andamateurishBibleinterpreta- tionhasmanypitfalls,Ishall showyoufromthewordsofthe Bibleitselfandcommonsense thatthewordsofOurLordat theLastSuppermustbetaken literally.

Thisisaquestion,remember, notmerelyofthemeaningofan isolatedtext,butthewholeinstitutionoftheEucharistforms awholethemeintheGospel, and,iindeed,intheBibleandin thewholeofGod'sdealingwith mankind.Justayearbefore theinstitutionoftheBlessed EucharistattheLastSupper, ChristOurLordworkedbeside thelakeofGalileeoneofHis moststupendousmiracles.He somultipliedfiveloavesofbread astofeedfivethousandpeople wwiththem.ThisdisplayofHis divinepowersoastonishedthe peoplethattheywerewonover inlargernumbersthanever. TheyfollowedHimaroundtothe ethersideofthelake.He

spoketothemofthenecessityof faithinGod,andthenasachallengetotheirfaith,Hetold themthatHewouldgivethem Hisfleshtoeat. Ishallread youthewholepassagefromSt. John'stext:"Iamthebreadof life.Yourfathersdideat mannainthedesert:andare dead.Thisisthebreadwhich comethdownfromHeaven:that ifanymaneatofit,hemaynot die.Iamthelivingbread whichcomethdownfromHeaven.Ifanymaneatofthis bread,heshallliveforever:and thebreadthat1willgiveisMy fleshforthelifeoftheworld. TheJews,therefore,strove amongthemselves,saying::How canthismangiveusHisflesh toeat?ThenJesussaidto them:Amen,amen,Isayunto you:exceptyoueatthefleshof theSonofMananddrinkHis blood,youshallnothavelifein you.HethateatethMyflesh anddrinkethMybloodhath everlastinglife:andIwillraise himupinthelastday.ForMy fleshismeatindeed,andMy bloodisdrinkindeed.Hethat eatethMyfleshanddrinkethMy bloodabidethinMeandIin him.AsthelivingFatherhath sentMeandIlivebytheFather: sohethateatethme,thesame shalllivebyMe.Thisisthe

(ContinuedonPage19.)

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miteAWHILE.

TheBobby:"Soyou'retrying omakemebelieveyouwonthis ilvercupinyourschoolsports, ireyou?Thenwhydoyou arryitaboutinasack?"

Wednesday.February26,1947.

"Isay,waiter,theowerson thistableareartificial,aren't they?"

"Yes,sir.That'stheworst ofrunningavegetarianrestaurant-ifweuserealflowersthe customerseatthem!"

Pat(toIrishforeman):"Can yougivemeajob,mate?"

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DELIVERIESANYWHERE. SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousInstitutions. WearetheoldestandlargestFishDistributorsinWesternAustralia. FRESHROASTEDPOULTRY.

TheBurglar:"Forsentimental easons.Yousee,Iwonitina ackrace!"

a

Wife:"Willyoulovemewhen growfat?"

Hubby:"No,Ipromisedfor etterorworse-notthrough hickandthin."

"Whatisdignity,Dad?"

"Dignity,myson,iswhatyou hinkyouhaveuntiltheboss ays,'What'sthemeaningof his?'"

"Isthathairtonicanygood?"

"Well,Ispilledsomeofiton ycomblastweekandnowit's brush."

She:"Justlookatthetrouble coneycangetyouinto."

He:"Yes,butlookatthetrouleitcangetyououtof."

* *

Judge:"Sixmonthsonthe rockpile.Haveyouanything tosay?"

Prisoner:"That'scrushing news,yourhonour."

* * * *

Rub:"DidyouseemuchpovertyinEurope?" Duu:"Yes,andIbroughtsome ofitbackwithme!"

Theoldcommercialtraveller wasrelatinghisexperiencesto ayoungmaninthesamebusiness.

"Anddon'tforget,"hesaid, "nevertrytosellanencyclopaediatoabride."

"Whyevernot?"askedthe youngman.

Theoldermansmiledcynically. "Shealwaysthinksherhusbandknowseverything."

Hehaddecidedtotakethe furnishedflat.

Landlady:"Ofcourse,Imust askforadeposit."

Tenant:"Certainly(handing overtherequiredsum).

Landlady(beaming):"Thanks. Andnow,doyouwantareceipt, Ofshallwetrusteachother?"

Thereisthestoryaboutthe sLilorwhowentdashingdown themoattoaboatjustasitwas pullingout.Theboathad movedoffthreeorfouryards, andhejumpedandfell,hittinga thwartwiththebackofhishead. Forseveralminuteshelaystun,ied.Whenhecameto,theboat wasseveralhundredyardsfrom theshore.Helookedback, (;linkedatimeoftwo,andshouted: "Boy!Oh,boy;canIjump?"

Thetheatrewasinanuproar. "They'recallingfortheauthor," saidthemanager. "ButIcan'tmakeaspeech!" repliedthemanresponsiblefor theplay.

Themanagergrabbedtheplaywrightandimpelledhimalong thepassage.Asheshovedhim towardsthecurtainhesaid,cwt.ly:"Well,justgoinfrontand tellthemyou'resorry."

"Iseeyouarereadinga travelbook,"saidtheyoung lady."Preparingforaholiday?"

"No,"beamedtheyoungman, "I'monholidayno Ijustsit hereanddreamoflNy.ravel."

Shelookedpuzzled.

"Butyouarereadingthebook backwards,"shetoldhifn.

"Yes,I'monthereturnjourney,"hereplied:

Foreman:"Oi'vegotaman hereto-daythatain'tcome,an'if hedon'tturnupto-morrow,Oi'll sendhimawayan'takeyouon."

LucklessAngler(annoyedby prolongedandpersistentattentionofyouthfulaudience):"Run away,boy." Boy:"Nooffence,sir-Iwas onlygoin'totellyoumyfather keepsafishshopdowntothe right,air." *

PeterwasplayingatJimmy Brown'shouse.Whenitwas timetogohomeitstartedto rain.Mrs.Brownoffered,to lendhimJimmy'sraincoatand goloshes.

"Don'ttakesomuchtrouble, Mrs.Brown,"saidPeter,politely.

"I'msureyourmotherwould doasmuchforJimmy,"shereplied.

"Mymotherwoulddomore," saidPeter."She'daskJimmy tostaytosupper."

Aladoffourteenwenttothe managerofawell-knownfootballteam,requestingatrial.He wasrefused,themanagertellinghimtocomebackwhenhe wasolder.

Aweeklatertheladturned upagain.

"ButItoldyoutotryagain whenyouwereolder,"saidthe manager. "Iknow,sir,"theboyreplied. "Butseeingtheteamplayon Saturdayputyearsonme."

Thebarberhadcuthim,nickedhim,andgashedhim.

"GiVemeaglassofwater, please,"gaspedthevictim.

"Youaren'tgoingtofaint,I hope?"askedthebarberin alarm.

"No,"repliedthevictim,"I justwanttoseeifmymouthstill holdswater."

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applicationtoAdvertising!tanager.

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TheManagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesconcerningadver shoeddbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"Thelewd,"ageHayOro* Perth.'PHONE:BON.

"Idesirenoremunerationfor thispoem,"saidtheofficevisitor."Imerelysubmititasa compliment." "Then,mydearsir,allowme toreturnthecompliment,"repliedtheeditorwithtruejournalisticcourtesy.

* *

"GreatScott!Whatdoyou meanbykeepingmewaiting hereatthecornerlookinglikea fool?"

"Well,Harry,IknowIkept youwaiting,butyoudidtherest yourself."

Twocityurchinsweretaken intothecountry,andonecame acrossarubbishheapofoldcon densedmilktinsinthecornerof afield.

"Here,Jack,"hecried."come herequick!I'vefoundacow's nest!"

"Youhere?Ithoughtyou weregoingonholidayatthe week-end?"

"Yes,butIamwaitingformy brother-in-law.Heissounreliable."

"Ididn'tknowhewasgoing withyou."

"Heisn't,butheislendingme themoney."

"Whatdoyoumeanbyplaying truant?"askedtheCommunist agitatorofhisson."What makesyoustayawayfrom school," "Classhaired,father."

"Yes,"saidtheheadofthe firm,"MissTrenchisagood bookkeeper,butshemakessome queermistakes."

"What,forinstance?"asked thesilentpartner.

"Well,sheentersourmessengerboy'swagesunderthehead if'runningexpenses.""

4

Wednesday,February26,1947.

THECATHOLICANSWER (ContinuedfromPage17.)

breadthatcamedownfromHeaven.Notasyourfathersdid eatmannaandaredead.He

4 thateateththisbreadshalllive forever.ThesethingsHesaid, teachinginthesynagoguein Capharnaum.

"Many,therefore,ofHisdisciples,hearingit,said:'Thissayingishard;andwhocanlisten toit?ButJesus,knowingin HimselfthatHisdisciplesmurmuredatthissaidtothem:Doth thisscandaliseyou?Whatwill youmakeofit,ifyoushallsee theSonofmanascendupwhere Hewasbefore?Itisthespirit thatquickeneth:thefleshprofitethnothing.ThewordsthatI havespokentoyouarespiritand life.Buttherearesomeof youthatbelievenot.ForJO= knewfromthebeginningwho theywerewhodidnotbelieve, andwhohewaswhowouldbetrayHim.AndHesaid:ThereforedidIsaytoyouthat 110 mancancometoMe,unlessitbe givenhimbyMyFather.After this,manyofHisdisciplesment backandwalkednomorewith Him.ThenJesussaidtothe twelve:Willyoualsogoaway? AndSimonPeteransweredHim: Lord,towhomshallwego? Thouhastthewordsofeternal life.Andwehavebelievedand haveknownthatThouartthe Christ,theSonofGod.(Jo.VII., 48-70).

Beaton's

WHATHISHEARERS UNDERSTOOD

havereadthewholepassage foryou,"Q.,"sothatyoumay seeclearlythattherecanbeno questionbutthatthedisciples andthoselisteningtoJesusunderstoodHiswordsinaliteral sense.DoyouthinkthatChrist wouldhaveletHisdisciplesgo, whenawordortwocouldhave clearedupalltheirdifficulties?

No,Christwasdemandingabig actoffaith-faithinHispower ogivethemHisfleshtoeatand Hisbloodtodrink.HehadgivmampleproofofHisdivine power,andHedemandedbelief asaconditionofdiscipleship. HewhowouldnotsubmitHis mindtoGod,couldnothaveany partwithChrist.Thatiswhy HechallengedtheTwelve:"Do youalsowishtogoaway?"(Jo. VI.,69.)Farfrombeingmerelymetaphorical,Christ'sgiftof Hisbodyandbloodtomenwas veryreal,andbeliefinitwasessentialtothefollowingofChrist. EvenPeterandJamesandJohn mustgoaway,iftheywillnot believe.Whatcouldbemore ridiculous,afterallthis,thanto saythatChristhadnothingmore togivethanapieceofcommon bread,orthatHewouldhaveallowedallthisstruggletogoon inthemindsofHisdisciples, whenHemerelymeantthatHis teachingwastobethefoodof theirsouls,andthatHewasinstitutingasacramentofremembranceandnothingmore.If thiswerethecaseanexplanationwouldhavebeensoeasy; anyfair-mindedmanwouldhave eivenit,ratherthanallowHis followerstoturnaway;butas weseefromtheGospel,Our LorddidnottrytoeXplainthings away,butinsistedontheliteral truthofwhatHehadsaid.

So,"Q.,"abigactofFaithis askedofyou.Yousaythatif youcouldgetasatisfyinganswer toyourdifficulty,youwouldbe readytosubmityourselfforinstructionforadmissiontothe CatholicChurch.Irejoiceat thatandpraytoAlmightyGod thatHemaygiveyouthisgreat grace.

WHOWASTHE'VENERABLE BEDE?

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ALLSUBJECTS-ALLEXAMS INQUIRIESINVITED.

"OnSundaynightyougavea veryinterestingaccountofthe studyoftheBibleinEngland, beforetheReformation.You mentionedVenerableBede. I shouldbegratefultoyoufor someaccountofthissaint."

A.CertainlyIshallbevery gladtogiveyouashortsketch ofthisgreatSaintandgreat man.Bedestandslikeashiningbeacon-lightatthedawnof Englishcivilisation,shedding lustreandenlightenmentonthe darkyearsoftransitionfrom savage,paganEnglandtothe EnglandoftheFaith-oneofthe fairestjewelsinChristianEurope.Thisremarkablemanwas bornin672,lessthanahundred yearsafterthearrivalofSt. AugustinefromRome.Hewas atrueNorth-countryEnglishman andspenthislifeasamonkof themonasteryofJarrow,atthe mouthoftheRiverTyne.He devotedhimselfchieflytothe studyofScripture,butalsocomposedworksonscience,mathematics,philosophyandgrammar.HispublishedworksgainedforhimaEuropeanrenown, andtheMiddleAgesbestowed uponhimthetitleof"TheVenerable."His"EcclesiasticalHistoryoftheEnglishNation"is thechiefsourceofourknowledgeofearlyEnglishHistory, andhasearnedthepraiseof scholarsasaworkofpainstakingresearch.Whatmayamaze usmostisthescholarshipat suchanearlydate-theendof the7th.CenturyinEngland.

"Theappearanceofthenew Anglo-Saxoncultureoftheseventhcentury,"writesProfessor ChristopherDawson,"isperhaps themostimportanteventbetweentheageofJustinianand

thatofCharlemagne,foritreactedwithprofoundeffectonthe wholecontinentaldevelopment." "Bede,"writesProfessorDawson,inanotherplace,"representsthehighestlevelofculture intheWest,betweenthefallof theRomanEmpireandthe9th. century."Becauseofhislearningandwritings,Venerable Bedehasbeenofficiallydeclared aDoctoroftheChurch.

TWOQUESTIONS REGARDINGMARRIAGE

"Undenominational,"Perth: "AlthoughIamnotaCatholic, Ifindyouranswersin`TheRecord'veryhelpfulandenlightening,andIamseriouslyconsideringjoiningyourChurch. However,Iwouldlikeyouto answerthisquestion,asitconcernsoneofmybestfriends, whoafterpractisingthe'safe period'ofbirthcontrolfor threeyears,hastwochildren, whichhadtoberemovedby 'Caesarean'operations.Now thedoctorhastoldhimifhis wifehasanymorechildrenit willendangerherlife.Asmy friendcannotusecontracep- tives,hehastorefrainfrom intercourseorendangerhis wife'slife.Whatisheto do?"

A.Inthefirstplaceheshould consultthebestpossibledoctor onthematter,aspecialistin obstretricsandoneofveryhigh Christianprinciples.Ifhisverdictshouldbeasyouhavestated,thenyourfriendhastorefrainfromintercourse.

"HappyJoe,"Waroona:

"Ilistenedwithinteresttoyour answertoquestionssubmitted by"BibleLover"lastSunday night.Ithasoftenbeensaid duringyoursessionthatitis against'heCatholicteaching foroneofitsmemberstoseek divorce,asitmeansbreaking :hevowsgivenbybothparties atthewedding.Wouldyou mindstatingwhyithasbeen possibleforsometojourneyto Rome,obtainthePope'spermissiontodivorcehisfirst wife,re-marryintheCatholic Church,andremainamember ofthatfaith?"

A,:Imustfirststatethatit hasneverbeenpossibleforanyone,Kingorpeasant,toobtain fromthePopeadivorcefromhis lawfullymarriedlife.OurLord HimselfhasmadeaspeciallegislationformarriagewhenHe said:"WhatGodhathjoinedtogether,letnomanputasunder." ThisiswhytheCatholicChurch teachesthatdivorceisagainst God'sLaw.AllthatRomecan doistodeclarethatwhatap nearedtobeavalidmarriagein theeyesofthecivillawwasin realitynomatriageatall,owing tothepresenceofanimpedimentwhichrenderedthecontract nullandvoidfromthebegin-' ning.Thusifthepartieswere declarednottobemarriedinthe eyesofGodowingtothepresenceofaninvalidatingimpediment,apersonmayseekfora civildivorceinordertoobtain thecivilfreedomtomarry again.Asyouareawarethe civillawhasalsoitsinvalidating impedimentstomarriage,some ofwhichco-incidewiththe Churchlawimpediments.Irepeat,then,ifyouknowofany caseinwhichapersonapplied toandobtainedfromRomeadeclarationofnullityofhisorher apparentmarriageandthenmarriedagain,itwasinnosensea divorceorbreakingofthemarriage

TheWatchmaker'sStory

ByREV.E.BOYLAN,S.J.

Mystory-whichisatrueone -takesmeawaytothefaircity ofSydney. 1wasstationed thereatthetime,andthereI madetheacquaintanceofHeinrichWindhausen,oftheGerman firmofWindhausenandGetto, "diamondcuttersandpractical watchandclockmakers,"ofOxfordStreet.

Thebusinesscardsofthefirm announcedthatrepairswereexecutedwith"skillanddespatch," andthoughthestatementwas undoubtedlytrue,yetmyvisits tothefirmwerealltoofrequent. That,however,wasnottheir fault,butwasduetothesystem Ihadinmyrecklessyouthof carryingmywatchlooselyinmy pocketwithouttheformalityof awatchchainsecurelyhanging fromabuttonhole.Andsoas aconsequenceIsometimesfound mywatchonthefloor,andon oneoccasiononflickingoutmy handkerchiefthepreciousinstrumentprecededmedownaflight ofstairs.Occurrencesofthis naturehelpedtokeepmeinconstanttouchwithHeinrichWindhausenandCo.

Well,onthemorningtowhich mystorycarriesmeback-the thirddayofthegreatinternationalcricketmatch-Iruefullypickedupmywatchfrom thefloor,andbroughtthecrackedglassclosetomyeartoestimatetheextentofthedamage, butnotasoundcameforthfrom themechanism,which,asthe positionofthehandsindicated, hadbeengailytickingwiththe pulseoflifeaminutebefore.

LikethemadHatterin"Alicein Wonderland,"Ishookthewatch vigorously,andshookitagain, buttheticksweresilentandthe secondshandremainedpainfully still.''Thisisanothercasefor WindhausenandGetto,"said asIputthewatchinmypocket andcarefullypackedmyhandkerchiefinentopgfit.

twnOxfordStreetIwent wheretheoldponderoussteam trainsofSydney,makingas muchnoiseasanarmyinbattle, thunderedalongthecityontheir waytothesuburbsbythesea. Earlyasitwas,theywerealreadycarryinggoodlycrowdsof intendingspectatorstoseethe greatmatchattheAssociation CricketGround.

"Goodmorning,Mr.Windhausen."

"Goodmorning,sir."

Themorningwaswarmand thewatchmakerwasinhisshirt sleeves.

"TakealookatthiswatchI'vebrokenitagain."

"Thatwasagreatinningsof Gregory'syesterday,"saidhe,as helookedintothewatchthrough theeye-glass."Ninety-nine, notout,andaperfectwicketto continueonto-day.Ifhegets setagain,Lordknowshowmany morehe'llmakebeforetheylift hisbails.LooksasifEngland isgoingtohaveawarmtimeof it."

Mr.Windhausenneverplayed cricket,Ibelieve,buthewasan enthusiasticfollowerofthegame atwhichAustralianssurpassthe restofmen.Heknewasmuch about"lengthballs"and"offtheory"and"yorkers"and"drags fromoff"(astrokethencoming intofashion)ashedidabout hair-springsanddiamondfiles andGenevatime-pieces.

"Itwasasight,"saidhe,still lookingintothewatch,"tosee thelittlemanswipingRichardson'sgreased-lightningoff-theory tosquarelegwheretherewasn't thevestigeofafielder.Ha! ha!Theyneversawthatdonein England!"

"Rarely,atallevents,"

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"Nothingthematterwiththe watch,"hecontinued,ashetightedoneortwoofthescrews."I've takenoutahairwhichcaused thestoppageandnowit'sgoing againallright.Nothingbrokeninside.I'llputinanewglass insteadofthiscrackedone."

"Andhowonearth,Mr.Windhausen,dothesehairsfindtheir wayintothewatch?"

"Well,yousee,wenevercan makeawatchclosesotightas nottoleavesomelittleopenings. Thesehairs,andotherthings likehairs,areverythinandcan findtheirwayin.Isupposeten thousandofthemwerehanging roundsomelittleopeninginyour watchbeforetheone1justremovedmanagedtosqueezeits wayin.Yourpocketsarefull ofthem,yourcoatismadeof them,soareyourblankets,and theairisalivewiththem.They areinyourhatandyourgloves andyourboots,andyouare gulpingthemdowninquantities everyhouroftheday.They areeverywhere."

"That'sallverytrue,"saidI, "butyouspeakoftheselittle hairsorthreadsasiftheywere eelsorwormsorsnakeswhich, gettingtheirheadsbychance intoasmallopening,can wrigglethrough?"

"It'snotwrigglingdoesit, sir.No,theydon'twriggle. Theymerelygetapushbehind astheairrushesin.That's whatdoesit-apushbehind.No wrigglingatallrequired."

"Sotheniftheworksofa watchcouldspeakandifthey wereatallrheumatic,weshould havethemcomplainingofthe draughts."

"Undoubtedly.Why,there's aregularcyclonegoingoninside yourwatch."

"Asbad,nodoubt,asa'storm inatea-clip.'

"Twiceasbad,sir.Yousee thestorminthewatchnever stopsaslongasthewheelsgo round.Therevolvingwheels causeaconstantcommotionin theair,andthehair-springsflies backwardsandforwardsata furiousratebeatingtheairabout inalldirectionsandraisinga dustifthere'sanytoraise.It's easy,therefore,tounderstand thattheairmaybedrivenout throughonelittleopeningand maycomeinbyanother.Besidesthewatchexpandsandcontractswiththeheatandcold. Whenitexpandsittakesmore airin.Nowifahairhasits headstuckintheopening,itruns theriskofbeingshovedinasthe airrushesin.Andthat'sjust whatdoesit."

"Isupposethatexplanationis 'madeinGermany.'"

"Well,that'swhereIheardit longago,"saidhe,asheturned awaytoselectanewcrystalfor mywatch. AtthesamemomentIperceivedthroughthearmpitsofhis waistcoatthatheworeapairof scapulars.

"Isee,"saidI,"thatyou'rea Catholic."

"Yes.Didyounotknowthat before?"

"No,indeed;untilthismoment Ineverknew.Iseeyouwear thescapulars."

"Yes,"saidheearnestly,"and Iintendalwaystowearthem.I ouldn'tpartwiththem theclocksinGeneva."

"Ihavewornthemconstantly,"saidhe,takingupanother crystal,"evensinceIleft.London manyyearsago;butIhavedevelopedaspecialattachmentto themwithinthelasttwoyears."

"Whatyousayinterestsme verymuch." thenewcrystaltillhewassatisfiedthatitfitted,thenlaying thewatchdownhesaidwithan earnestness-withavehemence -whichastonishedme.

"Twoyearsagotheysavedmy life."

1becameveryinterested.

"Yes,"hecontinued,"Iamas convincedasIamofanything thattwoyearsagoIshouldhave beendeadandburiedwereitnot thattheBlessedVirgin,inwhose honourIworethescapulars, stretchedoutherhandand snatchedmefromaterrible death.Butyoumusthearthe story." "Youhavereallyrousedmy curiosity." (TobeContinued.)

DearCornerites

ImustthankSt.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle,foramagnificentresponsetomyrequestfor mail.Lettershavebeenpouringin,andIamabletopublish onlyaportionofthemthisweek. Theotherswillappearlater.

IhavealsotoreportthatMargaretSanders,ofSt.Joseph's, hassentmeatypewrittenpoem entitled"TheOliveTree";butI cannotpublishthisuntilIhave someguaranteethattheworkis Margaret'sown.Yousee,we canonlypublishoriginalwork; andalthoughchildrenmaylike tosendmeafavouritepoemand Iamgladtoreadit,yetIcannotprintitin"TheRecord."So willyoupleasetellmesomething moreabout"TheOliveTree," Margaret. AsMarchdrawsnearwemust thinkofSt.JosephandSt.Patrick.whoseFeastDaysoccur neareachother.Wewillhave somethingaboutthesetwowelllovedSaintsinourCornersoon. -Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

-o0o-

AuntBessy's

I-ILETTERBOX

St.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle. PearAuntBessy,-Thisismy firstlettertoyou,soIhopeyou enjoyreadingit.Mynameis LornaCurrie. Iamtwelve yearsoldandIaminStandard VII.atschool.Myfavourite subjectsareArithmetic,Algebra, andCatechism.Welearntenisandswimmingatschool,andI likethemverymuch.Myfavouritesportisrunning.Our schoolopenedto-dayafterseven weeks'holiday,andmostofus areverygladtogetbackto school.Thereareseveralnew pupilsinStandardVII.During theholidaysIwenttothepicturestosee"CourageofLassie,' "TheOverlanders,"andquitea numberofothers.Wealso wentswimmingalotandtook ourlunchtotheriverafew times. Iamlookingforward andsavingupfortheRoyal AutumnShow,tobeheldat ClaremontShowgroundsonthe 29th.March. Ihavenomore tosay,soIwillclosenow.Yourlovingniece, LORNACURRIE.

DearLorna,-Thankyoufor yournewsyletter.I'mgladto hearthatreturningtoschool didn'tproveabore.Youcertainlyhaveanumberofinterests,andIshouldsaythere's neveradullmomentasfaras you'reconcerned.Doyouthink youcouldhelptheBusbiesby fillingaprickcard?-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisour firstdaybackatschool,after sevenweeks'holidays,whichI enjoyedverymuch. Isuppose yourememberme.Mynameis FaySweeney.Iwrotetoyou beforeandyouaskedmeformy photo.,butIdidnotsenditto youbecausewehaven'tanyfilms. Wearestartingswimmingon Thursday,becausewehaven't been'sincelastyear,whenwe usedtogotoSouthBeachevery Wednesday.Well,Ihopeyou hadahappyChristmassala brightnewyear.Imustclose now.-Yourlovingniece, FAYSWEENEY.

DearFay,-I'mgladtohear fromyouagain,andthankyou foryourkindwishes. Ihope you'llsoonbeabletosendme asnapofyourself.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisismy firstlettertoyouthisyear,becausewehavejuststartedschool to-day.Idon'tsupposeyourememberwhoIam,thoughI wrotetoyoulastyear.My nameisMaryRuggera,andIam twelveyearsofageandamnow inseventhstandard.Twoweeks agoIwentforapicnicinaspeed boatwithmyconsinandMr. Evans,whoownstheboat.Mr. Evansbuiltanddesignedthe boathimself,andcalleditthe "Genet."Theboathasalarge propelleratthebackwhich standsupintheair.Italsohas wheelswhichareletdownto driveittotheshedwhereitis kept.MycousinlivesatNorth Fremantle,sowecaughtthenine o'clockbus.Whenwegotthere wecarriedtheluggagedownto theriverwheretheboatwasanchored.FirstwewenttoMoeman'sBay,wherewewentfor aswim.AfterthatwedecidedtogotoPerth,wherewehad agrandtime.Onthewayback fromPerthwestoppedatAttadaleforlunch.Atlunchtime wefoundanolddruminwhich webuiltafiretoboilthebilly forsometea.Afterlunchwe hadasunbathonthesand,but itwastoohot,sowewentback toMosman's,wherewehadanotherswim.Onthewayhome wedidsomefishing,butwewere notsuccessful.Well,Aunt Bessy,thatisallfornow.-Your lovingniece, MARYRUGGERA.

DearMary,-Idoindeedrememberyou,andiffornoother reasonIthink1shoulddosobecauseofyourneatwriting. Thanksfortellingmeallthe newsofyourself.Praythatwe willhaveagoodyearforthe Bushies.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

122GreatEasternHighway, Merredin.

DearAuntBessy,-Isuppose youarebeginningtothinkthat Ihaveforgottenyou,butIhave beengoingtowritetoyoufor suchalongtimeandIhavefinallygottoit.Iamenclosinga postalnotefor3/6,whichIhope willhelptheBusbies.Weare startingschoolagainto-morrow aftersixweeks'holiday.We spentamonthoftheholidays touringtheSouth-Westinour caravan.Well,sinceIhavetold youallthenews,Iwishyouand theBusbieseverysuccessinthe comingyear.-Yoursfaibthfully, ROSEMARYFOWLER.

DearRosemary,--Iwasbeginningtothinkyouhaddeserted us,butbetterlatethanneverespeciallywhenyouareso thoughtfulastoincludeadonationfortheScheme.Whata luckygirlyouaretohavealovelycaravanfortouringtheSouthWest.Ireallyenvyyou.Write againbeforelong.Iantsendingtwonrickcardsasrequested.

-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Lastyear Iwentforamusicexam.andI got82marks.ThisyearIam goingforGradeVI.Ilikemusic verymuch.To-dayIamgoing intofifthstandard.Iameleven, andmybirthdayisonDecember 26.

trainwithmygrandfather;it wasanicesunnyday.Mygrandmalivesthreehousesfromthe beach,soIgoforaswimnearly everyday.LastSaturdayI wenttosee"PeterPan,"andit wasverynice. Ihopeyouare allright,AuntBessy.Ihave gotfourbrothersandonesister MylittlebrotherMichaelstartedschoolto-day. Ihopehe likesit.Iwillwritetoyou soon.-Yourlovingniece, t BETTYMULCAHY.

DearBetty,-Ithinkyoumust haveborrowed(?)alittleof mother'swritingpaperforyour nicelittleletter.Isaw"Peter Pan,"too,andthoughtitwas goodfun.Couldyoufillacard fortheBushies?-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sCollege,Fremantle.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisour firstdayatschoolaftereight weeks'holiday.Iwasn'treally lookingforwardtoto-day,but it'sonlythethoughtofgoing,I think,becausewhenyougethere andseeallyourfriendsit'squite allright. Ihopeyouhada merryXmasandwillhavea happynewyear.Duringthe holidaysIwentoutquiteafew times.1willtellyouaboutone ofthem.LastSundayMum, Dad,mysisterandbrother,my friendPat,andIwenttoGovernmentGardensbytrain.After lunchwehadasnaptakenand thenIhadonetakenbymyself. Bothwereputinsmallframes. Thenwewentforarideinthe ferrytoSouthPerthandback toPerth.Nextwewentfora rideinthetrolleybustoFloreat Park,thenhomeinthetrain. Well,AuntBessy,Ihaven'tmuch timeleft,soIwillsaygood-bye fornow.-Yourlovingniece, CLAUDETTEPACEY.

DearClaudette,-I'msure you'llsoonsettledowntoschool. Noneofuslikesgettingback intoharness,but,asyousay, therearemanycompensations. CanyouhelptheBushiesthis year?-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

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