The Record Newspaper 02 October 1946

AChameleonLeadsPersia

Why

QawamSuitsRussia

Seventy-year-oldQawamasSultaneh,PrimeMinisterofPersia, firstreachedthetopranksofPersianpoliticiansin1909whenhe wasmadeministerforJusticeat theageof33.

Inthefollowingyearthisleadingmemberofhiscountry'slanded gentrybecameministerofInterior,atatimewhenPersiawasgoingthroughoneofherfrequent stormyperiods.

In1906aConstitutionhadbeen forcedbythepeoplefromthedespoticshah,andwhenQawambecameMinistertheShah'ssonMohammedAli,wastryingtofight grantedrights.Amilitaryrevolt however,overthrewthewould-be despotandaboyShah,Sultan Abmadwasplacedonthethrone. Qawamdisappearedfrompublic lifeintheensuingchangeofGovernment.

In1918Qawamappearedagain afigureofminorimportancewhen hewasmadeaprovincialgovernor andoncemoreaPersianpolitical upsetoccurred.RizaKham,an unknownofficerintheCossacksof thePersianarmyjoinedforces withnationalistSayidZiawhobecamePremierandmadetheyoung officerhisWarMinister.Thenew WarMinisterpromptly"purged" theadministrationandQawam wasimprisonedonchargesof corruptionandofblockingreforms.

InthepeculiarlyillogicalfashionofPersianpolitics,SayidZia lostpowertoRizaKhanandhad todepartintoexile,andtheWar Minister,revokinghispurge,releasedQawamandmadehimthe newPremier.

BanishedtoEurope

13yneatjugglingQawamheld hispositionuntilRizaKhanbad establishedhimselfasdictator. whenQawamwasbanishedin1923 toEurope.Helivedquietlythere untilRizaKhanconsideredhimselffirmlyestablishedagainstall rivals.

In1928hewasallowedtoreturn onconditionthathekeptoutof politics.Heretiredtotakeupa quietlifeaslandlordandcountry gentleman;butin1941,whenthe AlliesoccupiedPersiaandRiza Khanwasdeposed,thepolitically agileQawamseizedhischance.

Theemigrepoliticiansreturned andthepeoplelikehimself,who hadbeencompulsorilyretiredbegantoseepintoPersianpolitics oncemore.Nostrongpartyemerged,onlylittlesplintergroups centredroundvariouspoliticians andQawam,whohadaverysmall coterie,byclevermanipulation managedoncemoretosecurefor himselfthePremiership.

tician,whopromptlyrealisedthat theoldgameoflookingforforeigr supportfromcompaniesseeking exportationconcessionsnowhada freshaspect.WithcorrectdiscernmentQawansawRussiaasa potentialPersianpoliticalintriguerandpromptlyjointedina loosealliancewiththeremnantsof thePersianCommunists,whonow styledthemselvesastheTudeh party. Thelandlordwhohackedthe Communistshadnotbackeda loser,foralthoughveryfewof hisTudehcandidateswereelected toParliament,theirSovietbackinghadeffectandduringtheCabinetcrisesin1944-45hestepped onceagainintothePremiership, andimmediatelywenttoMoscow. Herehefoundhismatch,and hisappealsforthewithdrawalof Soviettroopsfailed.WithBritainandU.S.interestedinhis country,whichhaddevelopedrap-

idlyduringthewar,Qawamtried toplayabalancingroleagainst SovietRussiahurryingforoilconcessions.

HisPositionNow.

Hisaccusationsandwithdrawals, hisinstructionsandcounter-instructionstoUNOrepresentation, andhisprofessedintentionstowardstheTudehpartyarenowof littleavail.AtpresenthedependsentirelyonRussiaand Tudehfavour,andRussiaandher Communistsarenotfavourably inclinedto"reactionary"politiciansandlandlords,yetfora whileQawamsuitsRussiaasPremierbecauseasanon-Communistandnon-Russianhehasstanding,butasapartylessleader,a landlordwithestatesinTudehterritory,andasapoliticalcampaigner,heissusceptibletoRussianpressure. WhetherN.Qawamwillemerge fromthisstormypremiershipas successfullyashepreviouslydidis ratherdoubtful.Moscowpurges arepermanent,andexilesfromSovietprotectionremainpermanentlyexiled.At70yearsofage politicianQawamlookslikehavingthemostthrilling-andthe final-politicaljuggleofhispeculiarcareer.

France'sCatholic PhilosopherWho LedtheResistance

MenlaceGeorgesBidaultare rapidlykillingtheoldcanardthat Frenchpoliticsareadirtybusinessinwhichnoself-respecting FrenchmanorFrenchCatholic wouldindulge.

ThenewFrenchPremierisnot thetypethatlabelshimselfCatholicinordertowinvotes.He istheleaderofapoliticalparty whobyhisprogrammeandhisactionshasforciblyimpressedon thepeopleofFrancethatheisa Catholicandthatthereformshe standsforarethenaturaloutcomeofhisChristiandemocratic philosophy. Hisriseappearstobealmost sensational,butisreallytheoutcomeofmanyyearsofthoughtful actionbasedonsoundphilosophy.

AfterWorldWarI.Bidaultstudiedhistoryandwasoneofthe youngestprofessorsteachingin Paris.

Hissincerityandquietmanner causedadeepimpressiononthe manystudentswhocameunder hissway,afactwhichservedhim ingoodsteadinlateryears.

Premier -BIDAULT

ellofResistance,andthe''little manwiththeumbrella"appeared inmanyplacesquietlyorganising forthesupremeeffortofDDay.

Theladywhohassincebecome hiswifewasatthistimerisking herlifeatVichywhere,notunsuspected.shewasinclosetouch withtheResistancemovement.

OnDDayBidault'sUndergroundmadeitsfinalassault,and Bidaulthimselfwasactivein PariswhentheGermangarrison surrendered.

AGraciousVictor.

SpainFostersFamilyLife

WagesIncreaseBy10PerCent

Areviewofsocialreformsin SpainsincetheendoftheCivil Wartherein1939hasbeenpublishedinbookletformbythe OfficeofCulturalRelationsof theSpanishEmbassyinWashington. Therecordofaccomplishments shows,thebookletasserts,that thewordsoftheHolyFatherexhortingGovernmentandChurch authoritiesinSpaintopropound totheSpanishpeople"theprinciplesofpersonalandsocialjusticeassetforthintheGospels andtheteachingsoftheChurch" havenotfallenondeafears.

Theprogrammeinregardto protectionofthefamilyandof thelabourerissetforth.beginningwithinexpositionoftheNationalFundforFamilyBonuses. Towardthisfundemployerscontributefivepercent.ofthetotal amountofwagespaid,andworkerscontributeonepercent.of theirrespectivewages;landownersaretaxedtotheextentof15 percent.

"Thosewhoearnhighwages helpthoseofthelowwagelevels, sincetheformercontributemore tothecommonfund,andthe bonusgrantedisthesameforall whohaveanequalnumberof children,"thebookletexplains, addingthatbachelorsandmarriedpersonswithoutchildrenalso helpthosewithlargefamiliesunderthishind. InDecember,1944,itisstated, atotalof1,014,000workersreceivedfamilysubsidiesamountingin alltoabout600,000,000pesetas.

percent.inwages,"itisstated. In1941itwasmademandatory onanumberofindustrialestablishmentstosetupwhatarecalled"trusteeships,"inwhichconsumerarticlesmostneededby workersandtheirfamiliesare soldatspeciallylowprices.

TheLawforthePromotionof Education,datedJuly19,1944, providesscholarships,grants-inaidandtravelawards,andmakes itobligatorythatstateandOvateschoolsadmitadesignated numberofstudentswithout charge.

Fivetypesofsocialsecurityinsurancehavebeenestablished:accident,silicosis,sickness,maternity,andold-agebenefits.All employersareobligedtoprovide compensationundertheNational WorkAccidentFundforLabourers.Thesicknessandhospitalisationprogrammeprotects2,378,724 workers,threeandone-halfyears afteritsinception,andultimatelywillinclude16,000,000Spaniards underitsprovisions,itisstated. Theold-agepensionsystemnow inoperationwasestablishedin October,1939;in1943pensions weregrantedto179,075persons.

Responsibility ofPress

'Aneconomiccrisiscausedbythe was.alivelyprosCsermanfashion, arastrugglebetweentheGovernmentononehandandthe ShahandtheArmyontheother keptPersiainaminorturmoiluntil1942stronganti-Government feelingwasdemonstratedinthe capital.

Qawamsurvivedthisdangerous situationonlytofallin1943,when hispoliticalopponentsaccused himofcarryingtoexcesstheold Persianpoliticalcustomofprovidingjobsforrelatives.

LooseAllianceWithTudeh.

Thesituationwasbynomeans newforthismostadaptablepoli-

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NaturallyinterestedinCatholicAction,heservedasvice-presidentoftheFrenchCatholic Youth'Association,andforsix yearswasontheeditorialstaffof theCatholicdaily,"L'Aube" Hiswritingswerenotsensational,butwerenotedfortheir soundphilosophyandtheir shrewdappraisalofcurrent events.Heforesawtheresults ofMunichandwasoneoftheCatholicswhoneverdespairedeither ofhisChristianorFrenchtraditions.

ResistanceLeader.

Hewasconscriptedassergeant intheFrenchArmyattheoutbreakofWorldWarII.,andwas takenprisonerin1940andbrought tcGermany.Unsuspectinglythe GermansreturnedhimtoFrance afterhercollapsein1940,andin theoryheresumedhislifeasa harmlessprofessor.

Inpracticehebecameoneof theleadersoftheUnderground Movement.andhissolidphilosophicaloutlookbecamethedrivingforcebehindhisnimblewitted Resistancestrategy.

Withinashorttimehebecame PresidentoftheNationalCoun-

Agracioustouchandagood auguryforFrancewasBidault's gesturetotheGermanwounded aftertheParisianshadwonhack theircity.AsleaderoftheResistancehesnatchedafewmomentstovisitthehospitalwhere theprisonerslayandquietlyinformedthemthatPariswas Frenchagain,andthatforthem thewarwasover:Hewished themaspeedyrecoveryandareturntoanewdemocraticGermany. ThedeterminationentherecognitionofanewdemocraticGermany,andtheabsenceofemotionalrevengeorjubilationwere foretastesofthestrengthand logicwhichhavehelpedhim leadhisM.R.P.toanelection victory,wheneverythingpointed toaLeftWinglandslide.

SuccessfulDiplomacy.

Thatsomeunemotionalphilosophicalapproachtorealitieshas alsobeenevidentintherecent ParisConference,atwhichBidault'sdiplomacytimeandagain preventedabreakdown,andin thecourseofwhichalmostinsidi ouslyheraisedFrancefroma neglectedsecond-classoutsider,to herrecognisedpositionasoneof Europe'sFourPowers.

lAndallthewhilehehasbeen busysteeringFranceintoafront positioninternationallyhehas cleverlyandunhurriedlyaverted oneinternalcrisisafteranother andtemporarilyassuredforhis countryacoalitiongovernment whichshouldsteerherthrough theimmediatelydifficultperiod.

MarriageLoans. WiththeresourcesofaNational FundforFamilyInsuranceare providedaidforwidowsandorphans.loansformarriageand prizesforlargefamilies.Toassistnewly-marriedpersonsinsettinguphouseholds,loansare grantedupto5,000pesetas.The loanispaidbackbyturningover totheNationalFundoneper cent.ofthetotaleachmonth.For eachchildborn,25percent.of thebalanceiscancelled,andon thebirthofthefourthchildthe entireloanisextinguished.Prizes forlargefamilies,onenationaland 50provincialawards,aredistributedeveryyearontheFeastof St.Joseph.

In1943,itispointedout,alaw wasenactedprovidingspecial benefitsforfamilieswithfrom fourtosevenchildrenunderthe ageof18,orthosewithmore thansevenchildren.Someofthe benefitslistedarepreferential rightsforentryintoschools,preferencesinscholarshipsandinattendanceatsummercamps,reductionorexemptiononsomeutilitiestaxes,deductionofmunicipal anddistrictassessmentsandrentaltaxes,specialratesontrains andboats,andreducedratesat sanatoriumsandresorts.

WagesDoubled.

Anothermeasureaidingworkerswithlargefamilies.inauguratedinthenewLabourRegulations foroneindustryin1942andnow extendedtoall,establishesapoint systemforsupplementingwages inproportiontothenumberofa worker'sdependents.Thereare workersinthemetallurgicalindustrywithsevenchildrenwhose normalwagehasbeendoubledunderthisregulation,thebooklet states.

InJuly,1946,alawwasput intoeffectthatworkersmustreceivefullsalaryonallSundays, 13feastdaysandthetwonational holidays,allofwhichareobligatorydaysofrestunderSpanish law."Thislawrepresentsforall

AsaFrenchmanandCatholic Bidaultisoutstanding,andasan exampleofwhatsincereCatholic socialphilosophycanachievein themostdifficultpositionsina democracy,heisalessontoallof EuropethatcallsitselfChristianSpanishworkersanincreaseof16

AdeepappreciationoftheCatholicPresswhichbringsthe teachingoftheSovereignPontiffs "intothehome,intothecirclesof labourandmanagement,andto theknowledgeofthosewhowrite andexecutethelawsoftheland," hasbeenexpressedinanautographedletterfromHisHolinessPopePiusXII.totheRev.John LaFarge,S.J.,editor-in-chiefof "America,"weeklyCatholicreview publishedatNewYork.Theletterwasoccasionedbypresentationofcopiesofthemagazineis thePontiff.

TheHolyFatherpointedout theseriousanddelicateinternational,socialandeconomicproblemsthatareweighingonmankind.Theymustbefacedwith candor,discussedfrankly,and solvedaccordinglyto"rightreasonandChristianprinciples,"the Pontiffstatedaddingthatherea Catholicreview"carriesagreat responsibility,"formanyhailits judgment"asasureandsafe guide."

ThePontiffsingledout"exaggeratednationalismthatwould closeitseyestotheunityofthe humanfamily,andthemoralnecessityofman'ssocialdevelopmentreachingitsperfectionina world-familycomprisingallfree andsovereignpeoples"asoneof the"cankersthatweaken"world society.Otherevilshementionedare:racialinjustices,whichhe brands"asinakintofratricide;" Stateabsolutism,andeconmic selfishness.

"Duringthistragicperiodof worldhistoryinwhichaneverwiseandlovingProvidencehas castOurPontificate,"theHoly Fatherwrote,"Wehaveused morethanoneoccasiontocallthe attention,ofstatesmenandleaders inthesocialandeconomicfield tothecankersthatweakenthe bodypoliticinitsnationaland internationallife."

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ThenewConstitutionofBrazil, nowbeingdebatedbytheNationalAssembly,providedforfull libertyofconscience,butmakes CatholicismtheStatereligion, saysthecorrespondentof"Arriba,"inRiodeJaneiroinareportquotedbyMadridRadio.

Divorceisprohibitedandthe 'tameofGodisinvokedinthepreambleoftheConstitution.Five thousandamendmentsaretobe proposed.

AOILNIA.RD.

"ATLANTICCHARTERIS TORNUP."

TheUnitedStateshasturned traitortoitself;wehavetornup andthrownawaytheAtlantic CharterandtheFourFreedoms, declaredFatherJamesGillis, C.S.P.,famousAmericanwriter andpreacher,atMiamiBeach.

ThebafflingmovesofSoviet spokesmen,hesaid,havea"predeterminedpattern."

"TheRussianplanisobstruction,dissension,confusion,prolongationofpost-warunrest,delayintheattainmentofpolitical andeconomicequilibrium.

"Ifthedelaycausescivilwars, somuchthebetter.Ifcivilwars spreadandleadtoworld-wideupheavals,Communismagaincalculatestogain."

Therealharminallthisiswhat ourappeasementoftheSoviets hasdonetous,FatherGillissaid.

"Wehavealreadyloweredour standardsofnationalhonour.We havecompromisedtheprinciples ofdemocracy;wehaveforgotten thesacred.pledgeswemadetoindividualpeoplesandtotheworld,

FRANKJ.BOSWELL

"Wehaveabandonedfriends whofoughtwithusandforus; wehavejettis,nedtraditionsheld sacredfromthefoundationofthe Republic:wehavedisappointed thehopesofthesmallpeoplesof theworld."

CARDINALGRIFFINAT IRISHSHRINE.

CardinalGriffin,onholidayin Ireland,wasamongthousandsof pilgrimstoOurLady'sshrineat Knock,Co.Mayo,recently.

HisEminenceofficiatedat Benedictionintheevening.

TheCardinalwasaccompanied byhisbrother,DomBasilGriffin, O.S.I3.,andFatherVernonJohnston.

ArchbishopPrendiville,ofPerth, wasalsopresent.

ItwasoneofKnock'sbiggest pilgrimages.Hundredsreceived HolyCommunion.Thecrowdwas sogreatthattheSacredHosthad tobedistributedtomanyinthe churchgrounds.

REDSRUNPOLES'CHRISTIANPARTY.

ACommunistgrouphastaken overPoland'sChristianLabour Party,whichceasedactivitiesrecentlyasaprotestagainstthe banning,bytheWarsawGovernment,ofitsCongress.

AsthesituationisseeninLondon,therearenowfivefaked parties,organisedbyCommunist agentsandbuildingaso-called GovernmentofNationalUnity.

WhentheChristianLabour PartycloseddowntheCommunists,backedbyWarsaw,seizedits newspaperandoffices,andcalled acouncilsession.

Priestsandnunsworkedheroic. allytohelpthepanic-strickenand homeless.AFrench-Canadian priest,33-year-oldFatherRobert L'Anglais,iscreditedwithrescuingsome40womenandchildren inMatanzasinthefirstdaysof thecatastrophes.

Helpingwomenandchildren frombalconiesandotherlofty places,FatherL'Anglaistook themtwoatatime-oneonthe handlebars,theotheronthetandem-onhismotor-cycletosafety inthehills.

ANCIENTABBEYASWAR

MEMORIAL.

Acknowledgingascoreofprotestsafterhavingcarelesslymade thatItalianfriarintheMussolini affairbreaktheSealofConfession,the"DailyMail"smilingly admitted"scandalousreporting."

Theoddthingisthatinallthe vastandcomplicatededitorialmechanismofanationalnewspaper thereshould,apparently,benot onesinglepersonacquaintedwith thereligionofthemajorityof Christians.

DIVINEPROTECTION SOUGHTAGAINSTEARTHQUAKES.

Hundredsofthousandsofmen, womenandchildrenthroughout theRepublicofDominica-many ofthembarefooted-havetrudged tochurches,chapelsandshrines seekingDivineprotectionagainst furtherdevastationbyearthquakes andmountainouswaveswhich haveterrorisedtheland,andto offerthanksthatthedamagewas notworse.

Morethan10,000gatheredbeforeanaltarerectedintheAvenue GeorgeWashingtoninthecapital, CiudadTrujillo,toassistatMass offeredbyArchbishopPittini. GeneralTrujillo,withmembers ofhisCabinetandmembersofthe DiplomaticCorps,wereamongthe congregation. Pilgrimages.

Similarceremonieswereheldin allimportantcentresofpopulationthroughoutthecountry.

Inallnorthernhillcountrypilgrimagesweremadetoshrinesof OurLady.Thousandswereundismayedbysteadyandheavy rainswhichlashedthelandinthe wakeoftheearthtremors.

Thenarrowroadshavebeen chokedwithpilgrimsboundfor theshrines.Astheytrudged alongtheyrecitedtheRosaryor sanghymns.

Theweek-longdisaster,itisestimated,hasmademorethan20,000 peoplehomeless.Butthetosof lifewassmall.

Monk-buildersfromBuckfast willprobablybeoffered-thework ofrestoringFountainsAbbey whennegotiations-nowwelladvanced-arecompletedforthe saleofthehistoricruins.

TheAbbeywillbeaninternationalmemorialtoallCatholics killedintwoWorldWars.

BenedictineswillreplacetheCisterciansdrivenoutattheReformation.

Thesaleisbeingnegotiatedby agroupofCatholicsheadedby theDukeofNorfolk.Theinitiativecamefromtheowner,CommanderClareVyner.

Theywishtotakeoverthe wholeproperty-the Abbey, FountainsHallandabout60acres oflandboundedbytheoriginal Abbeywalls.

Thepriceisstatedtobeover £100,000. OpentoPublic. Oneoftheclausesintheproposedagreementensuresthatthe Abbeywillremainopentothe public.Thisexplainswhythe Abbey,originallyaCistercian monastehy,willonrestorationbe inhabitedbyacommunityof Benedictines.TheBenedictines, unliketheCistercians,arenotan enclosedOrderandthereforeare abletohavecontactwiththeoutsideworld.

TherestorationworkwillrequireGovernmentapprovalbecausethebuildingcomesunder theAncientMonumentsAct.

Interestinthetransactionhas beentakeninmanypartsofthe world,notablytheUnitedStates.

OneoftheAbbey'seventual useswillbeasashrineatwhich internationalconventionsofCatholicswilltakeplace.

AltarsinStairs.

FuuntainHall.inwhichcommanderVynerhaslivedsincehis home,StudleyRoyal,wasdestroy. edbyfirelastApril,wasbuilt fromstonesfromtheAbbeyafter themonastery'spartialdemolition inthereignofHenryWill.

Thestaircaseseasconstructed withstonesoftheninealtars.

FountainsAbbeywasestablishedbytheCisterciansattheend oftheyear1132.

DoesRussiaReallyWantPeace?

WhySovietDelaysTreatiesofSettlement RedsAimtoIncrease ConfusionandMisery UltimatelyU.S.A.Must ForceaShow-Down

ByNEILMacNEIL.

Oneyearaftertheendofhostilitieswearestillstrivinginvain tofindthebasisofajustanddurablepeace,thekindofpeacefot whichwefoughtandwonWorld War11.,Wehavehadnosuccess becausetheSovietUniono'pes notwantsuchapeacebuthas insteadworkedsteadilytomultiplyandintensifyandperpetuate world-widecanfusionanddistress sothatsheandherCommunist alliesinallcountriescanbenefit fromtheresultingpoliticaland economicchaos.Communism feedsonmiseryanddistress.and Moscowisdeterminedthatwe shallhaveanabundanceofboth.

FearofRussiato-daydominates thethinkingofallnationalleaders outsidetheSovietUnionandcolours,whenitdoesnotfix,their foreignpolicies.Thereisnoexception,forthereisnotonecountryintheworldthatisnotworriedoverwhattheSovietUnion maydoorisnotharassedbythe schemingsandthreatstoitssta bilitydevisedbyitsdomestic Communiss.tRedimperialismis makingfastprogress;andbefore weliquidatethelastWorldWar wearefacingtheprospectofanother.

EvenneutralslikeSwedenand SwitzerlandarefearfulofRussian policiesandactivities.Theirconcerncomesfromthefactthatthey havetheonlyindustrialplantson ContinentalEuropethathavenot beenlootedbytheGermansor theRussians.Allthesurviving bootyofEuropehasgonetoRussia,forthattakenbytheGermanshasinturnbeentakenby theRussians.Stalinhasadopted Hitler'spolicyoflootinghisneighbourswealthandindustryto builduphisowneconomy.

Theconfusion,political,material,moral,andspiritual,following WorldWarII.wasinevitableand badenoughofitself.Forthiswas themostterrible,mostdevastating,andmostextensiveofall warsandmadeproblemsthat weredifficulttosolve.Butthis confusionwasdeliberatelyaggravatedbytheSovietUnion, whichalsodeliberatelyblockedall lustsolutionsoftheproblemsinvolved.ThishasbeentheKremlin'sforeignpolicy,fordelayserveditspurpose;anditanditsCommunistalliesarebusytakingadvantageofit.

Russiadoesnotwantpeace treatiesnow.Thiswouldmean thatshewouldbeforcedtowithdrawheroccupationarmiesfrom Rumania,Bulgaria,Hungary,Austria,andGermany,whereCommunistsareatworkintheshadow ofthesearmiesandundertheir protection.Wheretheyhavenot alreadydoneso,theyarestriving mightilytoconverttheirterroristicminoritiesintonationalgpvernnents.Theyneedmoretimeto crushtheoppositionofthemajoritvofthepeople.

theCommunistshavetostrengthenthemselves,ifnottogetcontrol. Communistpoliciesaredifficult forAmericanstounderstandbecausetheydifferinvariouscountries;infact,thoseinonecountry maybetheexactcontrary of thoseinanother.Thisdoesnot troubletheCommunists,forthese policiesarebasedinexpediency, neveronmoralorethicalprinciples.ThusCommunistpolicies intheUnitedStatesdifferfrom thoseinFrance,BritainandChina. Ineachcountrythesepoliciesare attunedtolocalconditionsand localproblemssothattheCommunistsmaybesttakeadvantage oflocalcrisesandirritations.However,thereisoneCommunistpol icythatneverchangesandisthe sameeverywhere.Thatisthe policyofmakingtroubleand brewingdiscontentsotheCommunistsmaypushtheirownin.erests.

TheevidenceoftheSoviet Union'seffortstointensifythe world'sdistressandblockthe

PeacetreatieswouldalsohampertheactivitiesoftheCommunistagentswhoaretherulersof PolandandYugoslavia.They needmoretimesotheymaycompletetheliquidationofthemiddle classesandallotheropposition, politicalandeconomic.Ittakes timetodestroythecultureofcenturies.Thesameistrueindegree oftheregimesinCzechoslovakia, Albania,andFinland,wherea returntonormalconditionsmight upsettheKremlinprogramme.

TherestorationofEuropeand Asiatoprosperityandtranquillity wouldalsocripplethemachinationsoftheCommunistsinFrance, Belgium,Holland,Finland,China, Korea.Iran,Japan,andelsewhere. ThemoreRussiacandelaythe peacesettlementsthemorechance

STALIN.

makingtroubleinKoreaandhas madedecentsettlementsthereimpossible.Shehadlittlechance toworkinJapan,butsheused everyopportunitytheretomake GeneralMacArthur'stryingtask moredifficult.

Insteadofeasingthehungerof thestarvingmillionsofEurope andAsia,asothernationshave triedtodo,shehelpedtoworsen theircondition.Russiatook 600,000tonsoffoodoutofManchuriaandKorea,and,asthisis written,hasstilltoreturnone poundofit.Shetook1,250,000 tonsoffoodoutofEasternEu-

theForeignMinistersandinthe meetingsoftheCouncilofthe UnitedNations.Inallthese gatheringstheyhavedeliberately blockedalleffortstoreachsettlementsandforcedonedelayafter another.Thistheydidbymaltingexorbitantdemandsfortheffiselvesandtheirsatellitesand thenrefusingtocompromise,by quibblingendlesslyovertermsand insistingontheirinterpretationof rulesofprocedure,andbymakingbaselessordistortedaccusationsagainsttheirwartimeallies, includingGreatBritainandthe UnitedStates.Further,theyrefusedtodiscussimportantaffairs involvingRussia,orderedtheir representativetowalkoutofthe CounciloftheUnitedNations, andneglectedorrefusedtoname representativestoothervitalinternationalagencies,likeUNRRA. Witnesstheconfusion,thedespair, thetragedy,thatthisrefusalto makepeacehascausedinstricken Italy.

TheSovietUnion'sforeignpoliciesoperatebestinthismoral blackoutitisforcingontheworld. andtheverydeviousnessofthese policiesaddtotheconfusion.Take forinstancetheSpanishissuebe foretheCounciloftheUnited Nations.HereRussia'smaximum objectivewastoforcewarbetweenFranceandSpain,inwhich eventthedomesticCommunists wouldendupincontrolofboth countries.Herminimumobjectivewastodivertattentionfrom painfulandcriticalsituationsinvolvingRussiaelsewhere.She failedintheformer,buthasa largemeasureofsuccessinthelatter.Neitherobjectivewasmentionedinthelongdebates.Neither forthatmatterwasthebasisof heroppositionoftheAmericans

ForayearRussiahasobstructedpeace. LastweekStalinclaimedtherewasno dangerofwar.Whatarewetobelieve?

makingofpeaceisabundantand hasbeenclearandconsistentsince theconferenceatSanFrancisco. Russiahasbeenunrelentingin preventingaproperknowledgeof worldproblems.Thisshehas donebymakingitimpossiblefor thepresstoobtainthetruthabout conditionsintheUSSRandinall territoriessheoccupiesorwhich areheldbyhersatellitesorpuppetnations,whileatthesametime shemisrepresentsthepoliciesof herwartimealliestoallthesepeoples.Sheknowsthattheworld cannotmakepeaceonthebasis ofhalf-truthsandfalseinformation,butshedoesnotwantthe truthtobeknown.Itdoesnot serveherpurposes. Shehaspersistedintakingunilateralaction,sometimesindefianceofherwartimeallies,where sheconsideredthatherowninterestswereinvolvedandshecould doso.Thussheswallowedbodilyproud,independentnations likeLithuania,Latvia,andEstonia,andseizedimportantterritorieslikeEasternPoland,East Prussia,Bessarabia,Moldavia, Carpatho-Ukraine,Karelo-Finland, PetsamoinFinland,TannuTuva inAsia,SouthernSakhalin,and theKurileIslands.Theseareas embrace273,947squaremilesand beforethewarhad24,355,500inhabitants.Shehasrefusedto allowherwartimealliestoinvestigateconditionsintheseareas andinotherterritoriesshecontrols,whileatthesametimeinsistingoninterferinginalltheproblemsofEasternEuropeandEast Asia.Shehasgonesofarasto insistonheavyreparationsforherselffrombrokenandimpoverishedItalyandamandateforItalian Africancolonies,althoughshehad noactivepartinthedefeatof Mussolini.

Despitethefactthatshecame lateintothePacificWarandhad aminorroleintheconquestof Japan,Russiahasstrivenwithout ceasingtocomplicatethealready confusedconditionsinEastAsia. ShestrippedManchuriaoffood andindustry.Shegavearmsand equipmenttotheChineseCommunistssothattheymightresist theNationalGovernmentandeffectivelyblockpeaceinChinaand therehabilitationofher400,000,000 people.Shehaspersistedin

ropewhileheroccupationarmies havelivedoffthepeople,and,as thisiswritten,hasreturnedonly 160,000tons,andthatwithmuch Communistballyhooathomeand abroad.WhentheUnitedStates andBritainappealedtoStalinto helpthestarvingmillions,thereplywasthattheappealcame"too late.'

Aspartoftheircampaignto spreadconfusion,theCommunists havebeenstrivingaggressivelyto destroyChristianfaithandmorals. Whiletheyhavesparednocreed, theyhaveconcentratedtheirattackontheCatholicChurch.They riduculeandmisrepresentandpersecutethefaithfulandexaltthe godless.Wheretheyhavecontrol,theyprofaneandwreckchurchesandallotherevidencesofreligion;imprison,torture,,andkill priestsandbishops;anddeny Christiansthechanceofpractising theirreligion.Theyalsodenyreligiouseducationtotheyoungand invadethesanctityoftheChristianhome.Theyencourageloose morals,easydivorce,andatheistic propaganda,andmakecynicaland selfishexpediencytheultimate principleofprivateandpublic life.Theyrealise,ofcourse,that theymustrootGodfromthe heartsofmenbeforetheycan carryouttheirprogramme.

Typicaloftheircynicismisthe factthatwhilecontinuingthis campaigntheytookovertheOrthodoxChurchwithintheSoviet Union.Thistheydidinline withtheirrevivalofPan-Slavism andonlyaftertheyfoundapliant Patriarchandbishopswhowould dotheirbiddingandplaytheir game.Typicalalsooftheirway ofdoingthingsandmakingeverythingservetheirpurposeisthe factthattheyaresponsoringan autonomousJewishrepublicwithintheSovietUniontorivalPalestine.Theyexpecttoclaima seatforitintheAssemblyofthe UnitedNationsalongwiththe UkraineandByelo-Russia,make itaspokesmanforworldJudaism, andthusfurtherconfusethe tragicJewishproblem.

Theclearestevidence,however, oftheeffortsoftheSovietUnion toaggravatetheconfusionand sabotagethepeacehasbeensite tacticsofitsspokesmeninthe YondonandParisconferencesof

BigFiveandthatthisagreement mustprecedeanypeaceconference. SofarRussia,herself,hasmade thisunanimityimpossible.

Someday,somewhere,somenationorgroupofnationsmust standupagainsttheSovietUnion andsay,"Youcangosofarand nofurther."Otherwiseourcivilisation,basedonthefreedomof theindividualandonfreeenter-prise,isdoomed,foritwillbesupplantedbyCommunism.

TheUnitedStatesistheonlynationto-daythatisinapositionto takethatstand;andwemayyet havetotakeit,muchaswedislike doingso.GreatBritaincannot doit;forshebledfromallarteriesduringWorldWarII.untilshe isnowonlyashadowofherformerself.Butwecouldcounton thesupportofBritainandher CommonwealthandEmpire,for theirinterestscoincidewithours andtheywantthesamekindof world.

JointactionagainstRussiaby theUnitedStatesandBritain mightwellmeantwoworlds:a CommunistworldinEurasia,the vastcontinentthatembracesEuropeandAsiaandhasaboutthreequartersofthepopulationofthe earth;andademocraticworld, embracingtheWesternHemisphereandthe'BritishCommonwealthandEmpire.Thisisa sadprospectanywayyoulook atit,formankindwouldknow nothingbutstrifeandfear,and realworldtranquillityandprosperitywouldneverbepossible. Wewouldnotlikesuchaworld, andRussiaprobablywouldnot either.Nosanepersonwould.

andtheBritish-theydonotwant theCommunistsincontrolofGibraltar.TheRussiansarealreadymakingenoughtroubleat theotherendoftheMediterranean.

ThenconsiderRussia'stactics intheIranianissue.Whenit wasfirstbroughtupinLondon, shemadegravecounter-charges againstBritishpoliciesinGreece andJava.Whenshegotnowherewiththesechargessherefusedtodiscussthematter.She requiredherrepresentativeto walkoutoftheCouncilsessionsin NewYorkandthenquestioned thevalidityofitsdecisions.Her refusaltoco-operateforceddelay afterdelayandlefttheother delegatesconfused.Duringthis prolongedconfusionRussiagot whatshewantedinIran-anoil contract,aCommunistregimein Azerbaijan,andacompliantgovernmentinTeheran.Shenever oncedisclosedwhatshewasafter, butshedoubtlessconsiderstheaffairamajordiplomatictriumph forher,which,indeed,itis.

Whatcanthedemocracies,especiallytheUnitedStates,doto bringpeaceandsecurityoutofthe ruinsandchaosofthistroubled world?

Theanswerisnoteasy.

WetriedappeasingRussia.This startedduringthewarwhenRussiaalonewasinphysicalcontact withtheGermanarmiesandit wasvitalforusallthatshebe keptfighting.However,wehave learnedtoourregretthatyou cannotappeaseStalinanymore thanyoucouldappeaseHitler. Dictatorsareallalike;theytake alltheycangetandthendemand more. TheUnitedStatesispledged tothebuildingupofthemight andprestigeoftheUnitedNationsandhopesthroughittoenforcepeace.SecretaryofState Byrneswentevenfurtherafter hisreturninMayfromtheabortiveParisConferencewhenheannouncedthatiftheBigPowers cannotagreesoononpeacethe UnitedStateswasdeterminedto turnthewholeproblemoverto theAssemblyoftheUnitedNations,whichisduetomeetinNew YorkthisTall. Russiastillinsiststhatpeacecanonlybemade byunanimousagreementofthe

Whatismorelikelyisthata strongstandbythedemocracies wouldcausetheMoscowleaders topauseandthinkthingsover, forthey,too,havemuchtolose. Theywillnothalttheirredimperialismandchangetheirpolicies,however,untiltheyarepositivethatthedemocraciesmean business.Wordsarenot,enough; theymustbeconvincedthatwe intendtobackupourwordswith action.Mereprotestsarefutile. WeAmericanshavepowerful weaponsifashowdownwithRussiabecomesnecessary.Westill haveamonopolyontheatom bombandothernewandterrible weapons.Wehavethemostpowerfulnavytheworldhasever known.Ourarmyislargelydemobilised,hutitisnevertheless potentially,nexttoRussia's,the world'sstrongest.Wehavetremendousairpower,especiallyin long-rangeairplanes.Wehave mostoftheworld'sgold,muchof itssilver,hugebankresources andalmostunlimitedcredit.We have70percent.oftheworld's merchantshipping.Wehave60 percent.oftheworld'sindustrial outputandthemostefficientindustrialmachineeverdeveloped. andrecentlytooledandgearedto war.Wehaveanagriculturalproductionadequatetofeedourselvesandexportimmensesurpluses tootherpeoples.Wehavecolossalresourcesinvitalrawmaterialslikepetroleum,cotton,copper, andironore.

Anyoneoftheseassetswould bevaluableininternationalaffairs,andtakentogethertheyare overwhelming,formoderndiplomacyisnobetterthanthemilitary powerandtheindustrialmight behindit.Wehavenotmadea habitofthrowingourweight around,andwearereluctantto startdoingitnow.Wewould muchprefertositdownwith Russiaandourotherwartimealliesinanatmosphereofcalmand delibarationtowriteajustand lastingpeace.

InourdealingswiththeSoviet Unionandallothernationswe areinthefortunatepositionthat, asidefromafewbasestoprotect ourshores,weasknothingforourselves.Allweseekisadecent worldinwhichtoliveandwork; andweshouldnotacceptless.

WehaveofferedRussiafriendshipandco-operation.Westill doso.Ifshepersistsinrejecting ourfriendship,misrepresenting ouraspirations,andimpingingon ourinterestsandthoseofother peace-lovingpeoples,weshall havenochoicebuttotryother tactics.Wehavetakenafirmer standtowardRussiasincethe failureoftheLondonConference oftheForeignMinisters;obvious. lyithasnotbeenfirmenough.

By FrancisGilbert

ELECTORALMINORITIES

Nottheleastinterestingaspect oftheelectonresultstoCatholics istheindicationtheygiveofthe supporttheCommunistPartyis abletocommand.Thefactof Communistcandidatesstanding atallis,ofcourse,noevidenceof theirinterestindemocraticprocedure.Forthemelectionsare justsomuchmoregristforthe propagandamills.Anditisnot withoutsignificancethat,despite theirprofessionsoffaithinand supportofLabouridealstheyhave noqualmsatallinstandingin oppositiontoLabourcandidates.

Intheelectionsof1943theywere apositiveembarrassmenttothe LabourPartyandthethenPrime Minister,Mr.Curtin,hadtodissassociatetheA.L.P.fromtheRed saboteursinunequivocalterms.

Sincethecessationofhostilities, however,SovietanticsatU.N.O. havecausedworld-widedisillusionmentwithRedpromisesandpretence,andthishasbeenreflected inthewaningsupporttheCommunistPartyisabletoreckon oninAustralia.

Ofthefiveelectoratesinthis State,theRedFascistsconsidereditopportunetocontestonly oneinthiselection,whereasinthe 1913electionstheynominatedfor threeseats,andthevotesrecordedintheirfavouraveraged2,816.

OnthisoccasionComradeHealy wasabletomusteronly1,736 toOctober1).Hisstrongest supportwasreceivedfromthe sub-divisionsofNorthPerthand Maylands.

Ofthe75electoraldivisions throughouttheCommonwealththe Communistscontested14.butdid notsucceedinsecuringthereturn ofasinglecandidate.Ifany proofwererequiredoftheirunrepresentative,minoritystatus surelytheCommunistshaveit herefromthedirectvoiceofthe people.Most-oftheirchampions.

indeed,willlosetheirdeposits,but thatwon'tworrytheComsbecausethereisplentymoremoney wherethatcamefrom.Theresultsalsodisposeofthemyththat theRedsareaworking-classparty, forthefiguresclearlyrevealthat theylackthebackingofatleast 96percent.oftheworkers.

Thefiguresforthevariouselectoratestodateareasfollows:

lifewhichtheycontrol.Itisa dangerouspositionwhentheproductionofcoalandsteelandthe freemovementofshippingcanbe paralysedatthenodofatiny minority.

offendagainstinternationallaw, buttheprinciplemustremain soundinallcases.Inthepresenttrials,forinstance,thereis noreasonthatcanbeallegedwhy certainItaliansandRussians shouldnothavebeeninthedock. WhenonerecallstheSoviet's flagrantaggressionagainstFinlandandPoland,theswallowing upoftheBalticStates,thebe. trayalofGeneralBorinWarsaw, andhergeneralcomplicitywith NazismuntilHitlerturnedonher, itbecomesamockerytohavea RussianGeneralamongthejudges ofNuremberg.Goeringisundoubtedlyguiltyofwarcrimes, butheisnomoreguiltythan Stalin.Ribbentropcertainlyplottedthedestructionofthedemocracies,butwashisconspiracyas widespreadasMolotov's!The contentofthelawisequitable. butitsapplicationishighlypartisan.

ged"fromtheoutset.Andinthe curiousparlancewhichBrod& learnedinRussiaanythingwhich hasnoreferencetothewillofthe peopleisplayfullydubbed"popular."Hencethatmonstrousmoderntravestyofjusticecalledthe People'sCourt.Theyenjoythe samekindofpopularacclaimas didthePopularFrontinSpain, andtheiractivitiesareonthe samelevel,exhibitingpre-arrangedjudgmentandsettlementwith politicalopponentsbyassassinationinYugoslavia.TheArchbishophasbeenchargedwith "crimesagainstthepeopleand theState,"andhis"trial"beforea, three-man"People'sCourt"began inBelgradeonMondaylast.The HolyFather,whohasnoillusions abouttheset-upinYugoslavia, hassentanAmericanbishopas specialobserveratthetrial.

ThisgivesTheCommunistsan Australian-widevoteofconfidence tothetuneof4.366percent.Of coursethecountingisnotyetfinished,butthelittleyettocome willscarcelygivethem5percent.

Whileitisusefultohavesuch anindex,itwouldbefoolishto relyonitovermuchasproofpositiveoftheirrealstrength.For onething,manywhovoteRed aremerelyinsipidPinksorwoolly-headedpeople.Ontheother sideitiswelltoreiteratethat Communistsdonotenvisiontheir revolutionbeingbroughtabout bypeacefulmethodsandconstitutionalprocedure.TheBolshevikRevolutionwasaccomplished byastoundingfew,numerically, andtheSovietto-dayisgoverned by2percent.ofitspopulation. TherealstrengthoftheRedsis notintheirPartynumbersnorin their"pink"supporters,butin thekeypositionsofthenational

'Anotherphenomenonoftheelec. tionswasthereappearanceofthe People'sProtestantParty. I maybewrong,butIfearthese peopleareofthesamekidneyas thosewhoperiodicallyissuethe fraudulentchainletterpurporting tobeanofficialCatholicinstructiontoCatholicstovoteonlyfor Catholiccandidatesatelections. Somefromtheirranksmayeven bethefanaticswhoissuethegutter-ragcalled"TheRock."Howeveritmaybe,itisquitecertain they'cutnoicewhatever.They hadcandidatesstandinginsix electoratesinNewSouthWales andalsoaSenateteam.Intheir bidfortheHouseofRepresentativestheyhavetodatescoredin thesixelectoratesexactly.04368 percent.ofthevotes.TheSenateteampromisestoturnoutlike the"Pobbles"toes.Incidentally, theP.P.P.seemstobeafamily affair,forofitssixnomineestwo wereCampbellsandtwoWilsons. Perhapstheremainingtwowere relatedbymarriage.Inanycase theyhavefailedtosavetheirdeposits,andAustraliaisleftwide openforRomishdomination.

NUREMBERGANDTHE FUTURE

Themostspectaculartrialinhumanhistoryhasconcludedat Nurembergwiththesentencingto deathbyhangingof12oftheaccusedNazis,whileothersareto undergovarioustermsofimprisonmentandthreegofree.The finalscenewasgrimenough,but theRussianJudgehadtomake ityetmoremacabrebydissenting fromthejudgmentsinfavourof greaterseverity.Hadhebeena Christianhemightwithprofit havemeditatedtheimmortal words:"Forinwhatmeasureyou shallmetewithalitshallbemetedtoyouinlikemeasure."Had hebeenawisermanhemight evenhaveweighedthemintheir humanhistoricalperspective.

Whileitistruethatinternationallawcanonlybeenforced againstthosevanquishedinbattle,itmustofnecessityappearto thedefeatedameasureofhatred andvengeance,becauseitisalaw backednotbymoralsanctions butbymightofarms,alawconditionednotbythedemandsof justicebutbytheneedofexpediency.

Thingsbeingastheyare,the Nurembergtralswillsetafearful precedentforthefuture.From holdingafewleadersculpablefor theguiltofwaritwillbeashort stepforsomeinferiorcivilisation (likethatofRussia)toextend theculpabilitytowholenations andforalltime.Anddespiteall precautionarymeasures,based uponmeremilitaryandeconomic devices,Germanywillriseagain unlesscontraceptionisforced uponher,anditisnotpleasant tocontemplatewhatretribution shemayexactforwhathasbeen doneatNuremberg.Allofwhich goestounderlinewhatPiusXII. hasinsistedonagainandagain. thatis,thatitwillnotbepossibletohavesoundjuridicalinstitutionsuntilmoralityprevails universally.

-000TITO'SFOLLY

Thewholecivilisedworldwas recentlyshockedbythefarcical "trial"andsummaryexecutionof DragaMikailovitch,thegreat modernpatriotofYugoslavia. Everyjotofevidencethatmight weighinhisfavour,specially fromBritishandAmericanofficerswhowerecloselyandconstantlyassociatedwiththeChetnikleader,wasrigorouslyexcluded.Hisownmagnificent,final speechwasonewhichmighthave convincedabenchofjudgeswho hadnotpreviouslyreceivedinstructionsastotheirverdict.But thefouldeedwasdonewithall theworldlookingoninthehope thattheexternaltrappingsof judgmentmightdeceivementhat justicewasbeingdone.Buteven thepresswasnotfooledandin theUnitedStates,particularly, therewerenoillusionsaboutthe truenatureofthatjudicialmurder.

ThismoveofTito'sistheculminationofaseriesofpersecutionsagainsttheChurchwhich hasbeengoingoninYugoslavia formonths.IfArchbishopStep. inicis"judicially"murderedlike Mikhailovitch.itwillbebutanotheraddedtoanalreadyimposinglistofclericalassassinations. Titolearnedhislessonswell amongtheRussiangodless,and heisafaithfulpuppetofthe Kremlin.Likeallmoderntyrantshehasfoundthatthelibertiesofhispeoplewhichheaims tcdestroyaremostsolidlyprotectedbytheCatholicChurch. ErgotheChurchmustgo.But hewillhavenomoresuccessthan Hitler,Calles,orStalin.Forone thingYugoslaviahaswhatRussiahadn't-astrongCatholiccore intheCroatians-andtheyhave integratedtheirfaithandtheir patriotism.Suchacombination willbehardtobeatandinthe longrunwilloverthrowtheTito dictatorshipandridtheBalkans ofRussiandomination.

(W.A.)LIMITED

77BARRACKSTREET-

PHONEB3511

WeincorporatewithustheOpticalPracticesofOPTICALSUPPLIES(W.A.),LTD., OPTICALPRESCRIPTIONS(W.A.),LTD., FOY&GIBSON'SOPTICALDEPARTMENT, M.P.RYAN,Optometrist(lateOrientBuildings), AndHOLLYWOODMILITARYHOSPITAL.

IftheNurembergtrialsmark thesettingupof.acodeofinternationallawbaseduponethics,if riotuponChristianmorality,they willhaveservedamostneglected cause.Butthestrikingfactis thatthelawwhichisbeingset upisnotofuniversalapplication.

Tothedefeatednationsitwillinevitablyappearasalawwhichis toapplyonlytothevanquished, alawwhichcansuccessfullybe baulkedbyashowofmaterial force.ForthisreasontheGermanpeoplewill,intimetocome, indubitablyregardNuremberg asasymbolofvengeanceevenas theyconsideredVersaillesthe markofvindictiveness.

Nobodywilldisputetherightnessofbringingtotrialmenwho

NowTito,withincredibleeffronteryandperhapsasameasureofdefiancetowardsAmerica afterhisrecenthumiliation,has broughttotrialArchbishopStepinac,headoftheCatholicChurch. Whileatleasttherealformand spiritoflaw,withinalimitedconcept,havebeenobservedatNuremberg,trialsofaverydifferent kindarebeingconductedatBelgrade.Theyaremoreofthetype ofthejudgmentswhichweregivenbytheEmperorsinthedecliningphaseoftheRomanEmpire. Thumbsdownandthevictim dies.Buteveninthosetimes therewasachancethatagood dinneroravictoryabroadmight induceclemencyintheEmperor. Thereisnottheslightestchance ofanysuchhappeninginBelgrade.ThejusticeofTitoisthat ofthepersonal.vendetta.His courts,like'hiselections,are"rig-

OctoberDevotions.

TheRosarywillberecited,and willbefollowedbyBenedictionof theBlessedSacrament,eacheveningat7.30duringOctoberinSt. Mary's.

26th.AnniversaryofLegionof Mary.

HolyMasswascelebratedon Thursdaylast.attherequestof KalgoorlieLegionaries,inhonour ofthesilverjubileeoftheLegion's foundationinDublin,Ireland.

Therewasagoodattendanceof activeandauxiliarymembers.

'ChristianBrothers'CollegeAthletics.

Underidealrunningconditions theChristianBrothers'College helditsannualsportsonThursdaylast.

Anenergeticcommitteehandled thebigprogrammeefficiently, whiletheParents'andFriends' Committeetookcareofthecatering.Alleventswerekeenlycontested,onlyafewpointsseparatingfirstandsecondandthirdand fourthwinningteams.

Theteams'pointswere:Gold (B.Drew),297;Green(J.Zuvich), 280;Blue(J.Reid),199;and Red(W.Steel),193i.

TheopenchampionwasJ.Reid, ofBlue.

Under16yearschampion:F. Fazes(Green).

Under15yearschampion:T. Henneker(Gold).

Under14yearschampion:P. Woods(Green).

Under13yearschampion:B. Man(Green).

Under12years:N.Rear(Green)

Under11years:A.AbudGold)

Under10years:D.Anderson (Blue). Under9years:D.Marr(Gold).

Y.C.W.ConferenceatNewcastle

CATHOLICYOUTHMARCHES

TwohundredY.C.W.members andfiftychaplainsattendedthe AustralianY.C.W.'sthirdannual conferenceatNewcastle,fromSeptember1-8. Ofthese150Y.C.W. andthirty-twopriestsweredelegatesfromfifteendiocesesoutside Newcastle.

Theyhadcomefullofenthusiasm,andineverycaseatsome personalsacrifice.Aggregativedistancestravelledbydelegates amountedtoapproximatelya quarterofmillionmiles.

Thefollowingfourteendioceses inwhichtheY.C.W.isestablished wererepresented:Perth,PortAugusta,Adelaide,Ballarat,Sandhurst,Melbourne,Hobart,Wagga, Wilcannia-ForbesMaitland,Brisbane,Toowoomba,Rockhampton, andTownsville.Sydney,Bath. urst,andGoulburnhadobservers present.

Atthesecondannualconference inBrisbaneinAugust,1945,aggregatewas160.Thegrowthin numberswasasignofprogress. Butmoreconvincingwasthe spiritoftheyouthfuldelegates.It clearlyrevealeditself.

Noticeable,too,wasagreat blendingofmorematureyouth thanthepreviousyear.Over halfthememberspresentwere overtwentyyearsofage,and manyofthemhadseenservicein thewar.

gatheringofY(*.W.chaplains. Theywereproudtowitnessand hearyoungAustralians.confident lyexpressingthemselvesinaman nerthatprovedAustralianyouth arerespondinggenerouslytothe trainingtheyarereceivinginthe YC.W.atrainingthatineach instancecouldbetracedtoa branchchaplain.

BishopRoperPresides.

IntheabsenceoftheEpiscopal ChairmanoftheY.C.W.,His GraceArchbishopSimonds,BishopGleesoninvitedtheBishopof Toowoomba,MostRev.Dr.J.B. Roper,topresideattheconference.BishopRoperkindlyaccepted,andprovedanadeptchairman.Hissustainedinterest, combinedwithhisreadyabilityto assesspointsunderdiscussion, helpedtomaketheconference thesucessthatitwas.

Overseas'Greetings.

Messagesofgoodwillandbest wisheswerereceivedfromArchbis hopSimonds(writtenfrom Rome),theBelfastandScottish Y.C.W..fromMr.F.K.Maher (oftheAustralianSecretariatof CatholicAction,atpresentinEngland),andfromRev.G.Daly,of NewZealand.

EventsoftheWeek.

portswerereadtotheconference, andrevealed'pleasingresults throughoutAustralia. OnTuesdayafternoon,WednesdayandThursdaymorning,the followingpaperswerereadand discussed:"Why'theY.C.W."?by Rev.FW.Lombard(Melbourne Y1C.W.ArchdiodesanClhaplain); "SpiritualFormation,"byRev.F. Harper(BrokenHillY.C.W.Chaplain):"TheY.C.W.LeaderActs," byPatDowney(BrisbaneY.C.W. ArchdiocesanSecretary);"The Y.C.W.MovementActs,"byNormanHeinrich(MaitlandY.C.W. DiocesanExecutive):"Advance, theFamily,"byKenTreacv(MelbourneY.C.W.ArchdiocesanSecretary):"TheWorkCampaign," byTedLong(NationalY.C.W. Headquarters). OnThursdaymorning.IlisLordshipBishopRopersummedup theconference.HecongratulatedtheMovementonwhatithad done,andsaidthattheconferencelefthimanimpressionofdelightandsatisfation.Theconferencecametoaconclusionwith PontificalBenediction.givenby BishopRoper,intheSacred HeartChurch,Hamilton.

FifthBirthdayCelebrated.

aismannerinwhichthedioceses aretacklingthefirstessentialin theY.C.W.,namely,leadership training.MelbourneandMait'andhadregularweek-endtrain. coursesforleaders;otherdioceseshadatleastanannualtrain. mgcourse.Correspondentwith rainingdevelopmentstherewas, too,acontinuousexpansionofser-icestomeettheneedsofyoung workers.

OtherpointsfromtheNational reportwere:Y.C.W.isnowfunctioninginseventeenAustralian dioceses-Cairns,Townsville,Toowoomba,Rockhampton,Brisbane, Wagga,Maitland,Wilcannia-Forbes,Melbourne.Sandhurst,Bal-

larat,Hobart,Adelaide,PortAugusta,Perth,Geraldtonandthe Kimberleys.

Therearenow177 parochial branches.Aggregatemembership is7000;nnmberofleadersis1,400. Servicesinallformsofsport andsocialshadbeenwelldeveloped.Culturalserviceswereon theincrease:debatingandpublic speakingcompetitionsareincreasinginpopularity,whilstmusical entertainmentisbeingfostered withgreatadvantage.TheMaitlanddiocesehasitsownY.C.W. hand,orchestra,andchoir.The newestservicesestablishedare hobbyclasses,co-operativehousingsocieties,andhostels.

Youngleaderswereimpressed bywhattheirfellow-leadershad tosayaboutmethodsofspiritual formation:thefamily,work,and abotnextyear'snationalcampaign.Butmoreimpressedthan anylayleaderwerethepresiding Bishopandtherepresentative

FORCHEAPERGROCERIES

THEAMATEURMUSICAL CLUBOFPERTH Presents RHYTHMHOLIDAY

ABrightRevue.ByJohnAnstey. AtASSEMBLYHALL,PIERST. 8pan.

OCTOBER9,10,11,12,16,17,18, 19.

Admision:3s.(plustax).

BoxPlanatNicholson's. EntireProceedsofOctober9th. totheSonsofSoldiers'League, Mt.HawthornBranch.

Thesuccessoftheconference wouldinnosmallwayhavebeen duetotheexcellentstartmade ontheSundaywithalayleaders' retreat,splendidlyconductedby Rev.BGallagher(WaggaY.C.W., diocesanchaplain);180leaders madetheretreat. Informaldiscussionswerethe orderofthedayonMonday.Subjectsdiscussedwithgreatzeal were:"TheProposedNational Ccnstitution,""TheNationalCampaignfor1947,"and"Inter-DiocesanActivities."

CivicReception.

AldermanR.NorrisMayorof GreaterNewcastle)tendereda civicreceptiontoBishopRoper andthevisitingchaplainsand leadersattheCityHallatnoon onMonday. OfficialOpening. TheconferencewasopenedofficiallyonTuesdaymorning.Mass wasofferedat9.30byRev.R. Walton(ToowoombaY.C.W.diocesanchaplain),intheSacred HeartChurch,Hamilton.After MassBishopRoperdeliveredhis openingaddress,inwhichhe stressedtheneedformembersof CatholicActiontobasetheir wholelivesontheloveofGod. Heremindedthemthatcharityis whattheworldiswantingtosolve itsproblems,andthattheonly truecharitywasthatwhich sprangfromloveofGod.

Sunday,September8,beingthe fifthbirthdayoftheAustralian Y.C.W.,opportunitywastakenat Newcastletocelebrateitinafittingmanner.Inthemorning BishopGleesonpresidedatSot emnHighMassintheSacred HeartChurch,Hamilton,which wasattendedby150youngChristianWorkersandalargenumber ofN.C.G.M.Intheeveninga dialogueHolyHour,inwhich some400youthsparticipated.pre. sentedaninspiringconclusonto animportantdayinthehistory

Y.C.W.

Bishop'Gleeson'sWelcome.

Mondaynight,September2,was theoccasionofawarmwelcome HisLordshipBishopGleeson, toBishopRoper,thevisiting priests,andthevisitingleadersto heY.C.W.NationalConference. 11.tookplaceattheMaristBro:hers'School,Hamilton.wherethe assemblyroomwascrowdedto .rapacity.Theeveningcommencedwithashortmusicalprogramme,featuringtheNewcastle V.C.W.Choir,conductedbyTom ')'Brien(DiocesanPresident).

Inwelcomingthevisitors,Bis hopGleesonsaid:"Ifeelitan honourthatNewcastlehasbeen chosenasthevenueofthisnationalgathering.Thespectacle beforemeto-nightofyouthinall itsfreshnessandeagernessfills mewithjoyandconfirmsinme thehopeofthewonderfulthings thisMovementcandoforGod, theChurchandAustralia."

OnTuesdaymorningtheNationalReportandDiocesanRe-

CentralCatholicBookShop

36PierStre

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TELLUSABOUTTHETURKEY,JO.ByAlanMarshal. 7/6.

THERELUCTANTWIDOW.By GeorgetteHeyer.9/9.

THEYCALLEDHIMBILLY (biographyofW.M.Hughes). 11/6.

PROSPECTINGFORGOLD.By IonL.Idriess.5/-.

ETIQUETTEFORAUSTRALIANS.ByNoreenRoutledge.3/6.

OOLLECTEDLITTLEFLOWERWORKS. 12/6.

ASCENTOFCARMEL(aretreat fordevoutsouls).4/3.

CARMELITEMYSTICISMHISTORICALSKETCHES.4/3. ST.BENEDICT.ByDomJustinMcCann.7/3.

WHYWEARECATHOLICS.By AlbertH.Dolan,O.Carm.4/3.

PLAQUESINASSORTEDSUBJECTS,from1/9to5/-.

HOLYPICTURES-newsubjects andimprovedquality,from1/to4/-perdozen.

Largecolouredpictures,SACRED HEARTandOURLADY. 6d.each,

et,Perth'PHONE:B5754

MEDALS.

LittleFlower,St.Benedict,St. Gerard,SacredHeart,Childrenof Mary,FirstCommunion,Our LadyofPerpetualSuccour,St. Christopher,InfantofPrague.

SCAPULARS: 9d.and1/6(6d.atpresentsold out).

MISSALS: from2/--to14/-..

KEYOFHEAVEN,IMITATION OFCHRIST,FOLLOWINGOF CHRIST,anrafinerangeof CHILDREN'SPRAYERBOOKS from1/--to3/3.

SCHOOLSTATIONERY. Wewoulddrawattentiontothe factthatwehaveobtainedlarge suppliesofDRAWINGBOOKS -chalkinterleavedwithtissue, also PENCIL DRAWING BOOKS.Largesize,6d.each.

LILYWALLACE000KBOOK

LILYWALLACE000KBOOK

Responsestothewelcomewere madebyBishopRoper,Rev.T. Gard,M.B.E.(TownsvilleY.0W. DiocesanChaplain),andTed Long.BishopRoperpaidtribute tothehospitalityofBishopGleesonandtotheleadhehadgiven inCatholicActioninthediocese (i(Maitland.

CivicReceptionatNewcastle.

WelcomingtheBishopanddelegatestotheY.C.W.NationalConference,attheCityHall,Newcastle,onMonday,September2,AldermanR.Norris(MayorofGreat Newcastle),assuredthemthatthe Y.C.W.washeldinthehighestregardinthecity.Continuing,he said:"Duringmythreeyearsas Mayorinthiscity,Ihavecome inveryclosecontactwiththe Y.C.W.,andIcangivenothing butpraiseforthemannerinwhich ithascarriedoutitsfunctionsin thecity.Itgivesmegreatpleasureto-daytogivewelcometo you,myLords.andtothevisiting delegates.Onbehalfofthepeo. pleofNewcastle,Idoextendto youaheartywelcomeandtrust thatyourstayhere.'willbehappy andfruitful."

AnnalReport.

177Branches;7,000Members: 1,400Leaders.

1946 ROYAL SHIOW

NextTuesday,Wednesday ThursdayandFriday

It'sWesternAustralia!

AndeveryWestAustralian willfeelproudofit

Everyonehasrespondedinmagnificentfashiontomakethis Showarecordone.Allitnowneedsisforyouto"JoantheHappyThrong."

TcbeOpenedbyHisRoyalHighnesstheDukeofGloucester,who willbeaccompaniedbyHerRoyalHighnesstheDuchess. BECOMEAMEMBER. SUBSCRIPTION£1peryear.

Withindexand104illustrations. 50,000differentwaystoprepare food.Themostfamousofall cookerybooks.£1/1/--.

PlaceanOrderforYourChristmasGiftNow.LimitedSupply.

Concludinghisreportonthe AustralianY.C.W.forthetwelve monthsendingAugust31.1946, TedLong(ActingNationalSecs aretaryoftheY.C.W.)stated: "Thelasttwelvemonthshave beenmonthsofundoubtedprogressfortheAustralianY.C.W Forty-fournewbrancheswere formed,andwhatisequallyimportant,themajorityoftheold brancheswerevastlyconsolidated. Mostsatisfyingfeatureistheseri.

"PartitionaDisaster" -PRINCIPLESVIOLATED

FatherFlanagan'sAddress atBelfast

'2didnotcometoIrelandas apolitician,butasaloverofmy country.Icannot-andIspeak formillionsofAmericans-look uponPartitionasanythingbuta disaster,"saidFatherFlanagan,of Boys'Town,U.S.A.,whenheaddressedthousandsofpeoplein CorriganPark,Belfast,duringhis recentvisittoIreland."IfIexpresstoyoumyhopeandprayers forthefutureofIreland,youwill notbesurprisedtohearanIrish priestsaythatthereisoneprayer andonehopeuppermostinhis heart-aprayerandhopewhich surpassesand,indeed,includesall others.Itisthis,thatIreland willcontinuetobeasloyaltothe Faithasshehasalwaysshown herselfinthepast.Nomore gloriousfuturethanthatcouldI ceanyoneelsewishforher.If sheremainsworthyofherpast, whatgloryshewillbringtoGod, andwhatimmenseblessingsto men!

"ForIrelandfindsherselftodayinahistoricalmomentnotunlikethemomentwhenshefirst broughtforththescholarsand missionariesofherGoldenAge. WhentheRomanEmpirefelland civilisationandChristianitywere totteringinEuropeIrelandhad escapedtheravages;andshesent outfromthesixthtotheninth century,astreamofdevotedmen whoworkedforthespiritualand culturalregenerationoftortured Europe. Preaseutioa.

"Shewasabletoplayapartfar beyondwhatmighthavebeenexpectedfromapoor,remotepeople:insignificantandpowerless fromtheworldlypointofview. Centurieslatersheplayedasimilarpartinverydifferentcircumstances.Forwhenherownday oftrialcame,andpersecution triedtostampoutourFaithand cultureIrishmenoncemorewent outintotheworldforcednowby

Inthelead

WesternAustraliaisnowon thevergeofthegreatconstructivepost-warperiod.In accordwiththetimesandits owntradition,theW.A.TrottingAssociationwillbefound intheforefrontofpublic dutyandpublicentertainment.

TheAssociationisproudof itswareffortanditscontributionofapproximately £100,000topatrioticfunds.No sportingbodyinAustraliaof equalresourceshasabetter record.

ThesacrificesWestAustraliansmadeforthewardeserve thehappyandprosperous yearsthatlieahead.Thenew seasonforTrottingopened successfullyonAugust24.Our groundsneverlookedbetter. Theimprovements,renovations,resurfacingandtopdressingeffectedinbetween seasonsimpressedandpleased allpatrons.

ManyvisitorsofCommonwealth-widefamehavesaid thatGloucesterParkoffers "thebestnightsportinAustralia."Weshallkeepthe lead.

GoodManagementHasMade TrottingTheKingOfSliorts

RUSSELL'SKalgoorlie

THESHOPFORMEN'SWEAR

M

FORTHEBESTMEATatREASONABLEPRICES,DealfromJAS.GRAY£CO.LTD.

WHOLESALEANDRETAILBUTCHERS.

53BURTST.,BOULDER,ARDAGHAVENUEAND HANNANST.,KALGOORLIE.

Telephones:B168;11675. Telephones:B168;H676.

YOUCANDOALLYOURSHOPPINGAT the GOLDFIELDS' LEADING EMPORIUM whereyoualwaysget THEBESTOFSERVICE

povertyandsufferingintoexilein America,inAfrica,intheAnti podes,butoncemoretheybrought theFaithwiththem,andspread farandwideagreatspiritualern. pire.

"To-dayIreland,almostalone inashatteredEurope,enjoys peaceandcomparativeprosperity athome.Shehasbeenpreserved again,asshewasinthesixthcentury,fromthematerialdevastationandthestillmoreterrifying spiritualdegradationthathave fallenuponsomanyunhappypeople.Ihavenodoubtthatthe Irelandofto-daywillreceivethe gracetorisetothefullheights ofherlatestopportunity,andwill helptosave,inthe20th.century, asshedidbefore,thereligionand cultureoftheContinent,andbecomeabulwarkagainstthetide ofGodlessmaterialismandbrutality.

"Ifso,thencountlessgenerationswillblessthelittlecountry which,atoneofthegreatturningpointsofhistorywillhave helpedtokeephumanityonthe rightpath-thepathofthespirit, thepathoftheChristiancharity andfaith.

Ireland'sProblem.

"Andnowletmeturntothe moredomesticaspectsofthefutureofIreland.Itwouldberash onmypart,whohavelivedaway frommycountryduringtheyears whichhaveseensomanyrevolutionarychanges,toattemptto analysecloselytheproblemsof Ireland,ortosuggestsolutionsin anydetail.ButweIrishinAmerica-andespeciallyImaysay, weIrishpriests-havetheold countrysoofteninourmindsand hearts,inourprayers,andinour talk,thatyoumightliketohear someofourhopes.

"ThefirstproblemthatconfrontsIrishmenabroadasitdoes Irishmenathome,is,ofcourse, theproblemofPartition,theproblemofrecoveringthatnational unity.Now,Ididnotcometo Irelandasapolitician,andIhope Ishallsaynothingthatwillhurt thefeelingsofanyIrishman,but asaloverofmycountry,asone anxioustoseeherplaythepart whichIknowshemightplayin theworldofto-day,Icannot,and IspeakformillionsofIrish-Americans,lookuponPartitionas anythingbutadisaster.

"Inspiteofplausibleattempts tomakeacaseforitduringthe war,Partitionraisesfarmoreproblemsthanitsolves.Itsaddles asmallandcomparativelypoor countrywithtwoexpensivelegislaturesandcivilservices.Ittears intwoaneconomicentitywhich natureobviouslyintendedtobea unit.Worsestill,itviolatesthe elementaryprinciplesofdemocracyandfairplay.

"IfPartitionmeantmerelythe separationofthosedistrictsin whichalargemajorityisbitterly opposedtonationalunity,then perhapsthe'questionmightbe opentodebate.Butwhatisto besaidofanarrangementwhich forcesentirecountiesagainsttheir willintoapoliticalsystemwhich theydetest.

"Ihavementionedthatduring thewarattemptsweremadeto justifyPartitiononthepleathat theSixCountiespresenteda bridgeheadfortheAlliedland, seaandairforces,and,indeed, thatbutfortheSixCounties-so adistinguishedfigureputit-Eire wouldhavebeeninvadedandher neutralityviolated.

'11neednotexaminethatargument:ithasbeendemolishedby ablerhandsthanmineinanunforgettablebroadcast.

"ButIrecallthesuggestionbecauseitgaverisetoafearinsome quartersthatIrelandhad,byher neutrality,forfeitedthegoodwill ofherbestfriendintheworldtheUSALetmereassureyou onthatpoint.Putanysuch fearoutofyourminds.Inthe heatofconflicttherewasindeed agooddealofmisunderstandingandresentfulwords.

"ButIdeclaretoyounowwithouthesitationthatthepeopleof Americacompletelyunderstand andfullysympathisewithIreland'sattitude;andthat,instead oranycoolnessinourrelations, thebondsofaffection.andadmirationarecloserthantheyever were.

BorderBan.

"Manyofourboysduringthe waryearshadsufferedthehardshipofbeingintheSixCounties andnotbeingallowedtocrossthe Border;butwhenthecessationof hostilitiesopenedtheBorderto them,thou-andsofthemvisited Eire,andhavegonebacktothe Stateswiththeirheartsfullof gratitudeandlove,andwiththe determinationtoworkmoreenthusiasticallythaneverforthe rightsandlibertiesof'theOld Country.

'1Andletmeaddthatwhilein theU.S.A.weadmirethe.anxiety ofyourgreatneighbourtoright thewrongsofIndians,andEgyptiansandJewsandGreeksand Syrians,wefinditextremelydifficulttounderstandwhysheoverlooksthewrongatherowndoorstep.

"BeforeIpassfromthetopic, thereisjustoneotherwordI shouldliketoadd.Eirehas shownamagnificentexampletotheworldinprotectingtherights andcaringforthesusceptibilities ofherminorities.Intheshort spaceoftimethathaselapsed sincesheachievedherindependence,shehassucceededinwinning theenthusiasticloyaltyofthose ofhercitizenswho,bytraining andenvironment,weremostbitterlyopposedtothenationaldebt.

WhenIrelandisonceagain united,shemustandwillpursue thesamepathofsensitiveunderstandingandofwelcometoall hercitizens,whatevertheirfaith orpoliticalcreed:andso'shewill bringaboutthedaywhenIrish ProtestantsandOrangemenwill joinhandswithIrishCatholics

andGaelsinmakingthislovely landfreeandsafeandhappyfor allitscitizens,andinsettingonce againanexampleoffreedom,of truedemocracy,ofenlightened socialprogress,andofspiritual idealismthatwillbeakindlybea. coninaworldthatisdarkened byforceandhatredandmaterialgreeds.

GaelicOrganisations.

"WhatotherhopeshaveIfor thefutureofIreland? Ishall onlytouchontwo-thelanguage andthecultureofIreland.SpeakingasIaminCorriganPark,with thememoriesoflastSunday's wonderfulwelcomefreshinmymindandheart:andspeakingon theoccasionofaweekdevotedto thegamesandcultureofIreland, IwanttotellyouhowfullofadmirationIamfortheworkofthe GaelicLeagueandtheGaelicAthleticAssociation;andhowdeeply amconvincedthatthefutureof IrelandandofIrishyouthissafe whiletheseorganisationscontinue toflourishastheyareflourishing hereinthecapitaloftheNorth.

"ForapartonlyfromtheApos- tolateoftheFaith,themostimportantworkforIreland'sfuture isthesafeguardingandspreadof thenationallanguageandofthe nationalculture-itsgames,music, dancingandsocialtraditions.

"Thesethingsarethehallmarks ofIreland'sdistinctivenationality:andifIrelandistomakeher contributiontotheworlditwill beonlyasanIrishNationthat shewilldoit.Shewillnever doitifshebecomesanondescript nationorallowsherselftobeengulfedinthesordidcivilisations thatsurroundher."

BeachFashionsCalled Hideous

Aseriesofbeachfashionshows recentlystagedbycityfirmsin Sydneygrosslyoffendedagainst modesty,Mrs.G.S.Mackinnon, presidentoftheLegionofCatholicWomenofNewSouthWales.

"Everybodyagreesthatfreedomandcomfort,aswellasattractivenessinbathingcostumes, isperfectlygoodanddesirable," sheadded,"butthatisanaltogetherdifferentthingfrombeach wearwhichisdesignednotfor beautyorutility,butsimplyfor thevulgarandunashameddisplay ofsex." Forsometimepast,saidMrs. Mackinnon,decentwomenhad beenwonderingwherethe"advance"offashionwasleading.

Girlshadbeenseenontennis courtswithbaremidriffsandovershortskirts;somehadevenbeen solackinginself-respectastoappearatsocialfunctionsinthesocalled"frontless"eveningfrocks.

TheLegionofCatholicWomen, saidMrs.Mackinnon,wasconsideringmeansofcombattingthese trendswhenthenewandhideous travestyoffashionwasintroduced.

"Itisnoexcusetosaythat peoplelikeandsupportthenew beachfashions,"shecontinued.

"Justassomepeoplehaveso ruinedtheirpalatethattheyhave notasteforanybuthighly-seasonedfood,manyalsohavesolost theirsenseofmoralvaluesthat theystarvewithoutthestimulus ofgiddynovedtyandultra-modernity.

"There'sanoldsayingthatthe devilmakesthemostmischief whenhegetshimselflaughedat. Thisdoesn'tmakeitlooktoo brightforthosepeoplewholaughedatthepicturesofthenew beachcreationsinthenewspapers andtreatedthemasasillyjoke. Itisn'tsilly,anditisntajoke.

"Ofcourse,thesmartonesin theworlddon'tbelieveinthe devil,justastheyhaveceasedto believeintemptation,sinand jedgment.Theywouldgiveup believingindeath,too,ifthey could,butthatisimpossible,so theyjustpushitintotheback oftheirmindsandforgetabout itinstead.

"Ifpoliticsandotherworldly interestsareimportantenoughto makepeopleactiveandvocal, surelythethingsforwhichChrist becameManandsufferedanddied cannotbelefttothemercyofthe heedlessandtheperverse."

%.**. .4; :*

WHENDIDPEOPLEFIRST

SAYTHEROSARY?

"EternalCharity,"Perth:

"I'velistenedtoyouranswersto someadversecritics,bitterness dieshard.Wecannotblame thepresentgenerationforthe oldPAST,butmanydonot understandtheslowlygrowing brains,muchlesstheSpiritual. Unfortunatelyinthepastin whichChristlivedignorance prevailedwithallitscruelty,in factChristianityisstillinthe minority.

TheScripturepreceptis:"God isLove."''GodoftheLIVING (orgrowingbraintissue),NOT thegodofthedead(dormant braintissueasanimal).

"FAITH,HOPEandCHARITYandthegreatestofthese isCHARITY."

"Icometojudgethequickand thedead."

Yousoundverypatientwith themall,oneneedsmuchpatience.AsI'manEnglishCa tholic(C.ofZ.),Iwouldliketo knowwhenandwhytheRosaryBeadscameintotheChristianFaith?It'salwayspussledme.Iamanextractof thethreeBritishbloods(born onAustralia),lusttoobadfor theothergenes,butmyfavouritecolourisGreen."

AIamgratefultoyoufor yoursympathy.andIamflattered.Withregardtoyourfirst question:"Whenandwhydidthe Rosary.Beads.come.into.the ChristianFaith?"

A.:Ishalltellyouasbrieflyas Ican.

12th.century,thereisapassage givingdirectionshowfiftyAyes aretobesaiddividedintogroups often.Thusgrewupadevotion knownas"OurLady'sPsalter," consistingofthesayingof150 Ayesdividedupintogroupsof ten.Itseemsprobablethatthe nameRosary,whichmeansa wreathorgarland,becameattachedtothismethodofpraying, throughanoldlegendwhich founditswayalloverEurope.

ThelegendstatedthatOurLady wasseentotakerosebudsfrom thelipsofayoungmonkashe wasrecitingHailMarysinher honourandtoweavethemintoa garlandwhichsheplaceduponher head.ThereexistsaGerman poemofthe13thcenturytelling thisstory.TheoldEnglishname, foundinChaucer,was''apirof Leads,"inwhichthewordoriginallywastheSaxonword"beds," aprayer.

ROSARYASWEKNOWIT TRACEDTO15THCENTURY

ThesayingoftheRosaryaswe knowitnowandtheConfraternityoftheHolyRosarywetrace tothelastquarterofthefifteenth century.Thiswasingreatpart duefirsttothepreachingofafainousDominicanFriarAllande Rupe,abouttheyears1470-75.In thiscentury,too,wasintroduced thepracticeofmeditatingduring thesayingoftheiAves,i.e.,of thinkinguponthevariousmysteriesofourFaith,whichisofthe essenceofthedevotion.

Fromtheveri-earliestdaysof theChurchwehaveeviaenceof thecustomofsayingadefinite numberofsetprayersandofthe customofrepeatingaprayeror psalmoractionasadevotion manytimesover.Itwasnaturalthattohelpinkeepingcount ofthesesomedevicewasused. Wereadinthe4th.centuryofa hermitgathering300pebblesto counthisprayers,throwingone awayfromhimaftereachrepetition.Intheeleventhandtwelfth centuriesapracticehadcomein generallyofcountingprayersto besaidmanytimesover,by meansofpebbles,berries,ordiscs ofbonethreadedonastring.We knowforcertainthatthefamous LadyGodivaofCoventry,about theYear1075,leftbywilltothe statueofOurLadyinacertain monastery"thecirclesofprecious stoneswhichshehadthreadedon acordinorderthatbyfingering themoneafteranothershemight countherprayersexactly." (Malmesbury,Gesta.Pont.Rolls 311.1 ThroughouttheMiddle Agesitisawellestablishedfact thatthesestringsofbeadswere knownas"Paternosters."Inthe 13th.centurythemakersofthese wereknownas"paternosters" andformedarecognisedGuildor TradeUnion.PaternosterRow inLondonpreservestheirmem( orystill.Thesestringsofstones orbeadswereusedtocountthe numberofrepetitionsofthe Lord'sPrayer.Itwasonlyin themiddleofthe12th.century thattheAveMariaorHailMary cameatallgenerallyintouse asaformulaofprayer.From thistimeontherearefrequent mentionsofthepracticeofsaying 50or150HailMarysdividedup intogroupsoften.Anancient textofthefamous"Ancren Riwle"orRuleforAnchoresses, inaremotecornerofEngland, writtenaboutthemiddleofthe

Thereisnodoubtatallbutthat theimmensediffusionoftheRosaryanditsConfraternitiesinmoderntimesandthevastinfluenceit hasexercisedforgood,aremainly duetothelaboursoftheFriars PreachersorDominicanFathers.

ThattheRosaryispre-eminentlytheprayerofthepeople,adaptedaliketotheuseofsimpleand learned,isprovednotonlybythe longseriesofPapalutterancesby whichithasbeenrecommended tothefaithful,butbythedaily experienceofallwhoarefamiliar withit.

CATHOLICCHURCHFORBIDS

CREMATION

L.F.Riley,Fremantle:

ontheobservanceofthislaw,and Catholicsareobligedtoobserveit..

NoCatholicwhosebodyhas beencrematedmayreceiveChristianburial.TheChurchinthis matterspeakswiththeauthority ofGod,anditisGodWhoforbidscremationthroughIlis Church.

REASONSFORCHURCH'S

ATTITUDEINTHEMATTER

NowthereasonswhytheCatholicChurchrefusestoallowcremationaremany.First,because itwasreintroducedincomparativelymoderntimesbyatheists andmaterialists,inanendeavour todestroytheChristiandoctrine ofimmortalityandtheresurrectionofthebody.Itseemedto thesepeoplethatitmightbea rathervividandstrikingwayof impressingtheideathatallis overwithdeath.Thisfactalone wouldjustifytheChurch'sprohibition.However,thereareother reasonsforit.

Humaninstinctitselfprotests, aswitnessthealmostuniversal customofhumanburialthroughouttheages.Filialloveprotests againstthistreatmentofone's motherorfatherordearones. SimpleChristianreverenceforthe deadprotests-thatthebody, whichhasbeenanointedinBaptismandhasbeenthetempleof theHolySpiritduringlife,should betreatedassomuchoffalorrefuse.Rathershouldthisbody thatistoriseagainfromthe dead,beallowedtodisintegrate accordingtothelawsofNature intheearth,thatGodmadetoreceiveit.

Againthewholeliturgyofthe CatholicChurchforChristianburialhasbeenadapted.fromtime immemorial.tothecommoncustomofburialinaplotofground, whichhasbeenconsecratedfor thepurpose.

Butrememberthatthepractice ofcremationinnowayaffectsthe truthrevealedtousbyGod,of theresurrectionofthebody.No matterwhathappenstothebody afterdeathwhetheritbeburned, ordevouredbywildanimals,or justrotaway-itwillriseagain oneday,tobejoinedagaintoour immortalspirittoshareitsimmortalityforever.

"IaminformedthattheCatholic ChurchwillnotsanctionCremation-thatis,apriestwillnot conductaburialceremonyata cremation.Ismyinformant correct?And,ifso,whywill nottheCatholicChurchagree tocremationandconductaceremonyatacremation?Thankingyouinanticipation.'

A.:'Yes.Yourinformantwas quitecorrect.TheCatholic ChurchinCanon1203oftheCode ofCanonLaw,strictlyforbids,underthepainofexcommunication, thecremationofthebodiesofthe faithful.

Youaskwhythisisso'

A.:Cremationisapaganpracticeandhasbeenabhorrentto Christiansfromtheveryearliest times.Notthatitisforbidden byanynaturallawofmorality, norbyanypositivelawofGod dealingwiththismatter.Itisa disciplinarylawoftheChurch, andaswehaveseenaverygrave one.Ofcourse,theChurchcould, andsometimesdoes,suspendthe lawandpermitcremationundercertaincircumstances,forexample,inthecaseofanepidemicof infectiousdisease,orintimeof war.'ButnormallySheinsists

hintingthatlittlechildrendid notneedBaptismtobeadmitted intotheBlessedVisionofGod inHeaven.Forweknowthat Hehadrevealedthenecessityof baptismforthissupernaturalrewardandthatHecommissioned theApostlestogoandteachHis Gospeltoallmankindandtobaptisetheminthenameofthe FatherandoftheSonandofthe HolyGhost.

TheteachingoftheChurchregardingthedestinyofinfants whodieunbaptisedisthatthese littleonesdonotenjoyafter death,theblessedvisionofGod, "facetoface,"asSt.Paulputs it.Inotherwordstheydonot shareinthatfullnessoftheChristlife,whichisthehappinessof heaven.Wemustneverforget thattheraisingofmankindby hisCreatortotheenjoymentof supernaturalhappinessthrough sharingintheDivineNature,isa purelygratuitousgiftofGod.Man asmanhasnnrighttoit.

Ontheotherhand,wecanreadilyunderstandthatthewlittle children,whodiewithoutbaptism, mightanddoenjoysuchfullness oflifeaswouldfulfiltheirnatural desireforhappiness.

DoctorsoftheChurchandtheologiansarenotagreedasto whetherornotsuchlittlechildren sufferanypainfromtherealisationoftheirloss:butthecommonteachingisthattheydonot. Itisalmosttheuniversalteachingthattheydonotsufferany sensiblepain,butontheother handthattheyenjoyperfectnaturalhappiness,whichopinionmay besummedupinthewordsof

thePrinceofTheologiansand DoctoroftheChurch,St.Thomas Aquinas,that,althoughtheseunbaptisedchildrenareseparated fromGodinglory,nevertheless theyarenotentirelyseparated fromHim.butareunitedtoHim intheenjoymentofnaturalhappiness.

WHEREANDWHATIS LIMBO?

2."CuriousM's.nextquestion: "WhereandwhatisLimboand whereintheBibledoesChrist usetheword?"

A.:LimboisanEnglishtranslationofthewordLimbusinLatin, whichmeansa"borderingplace." Catholicsspeakofthe"Children's Limbo"tomeantheplaceorbet terthestateofperfectnatural happinesswhichthechildrenenjoy,whodiedwithoutbeingbaptised.Itisnowherespokenof intheBible,butfromtheBible weknowthatitmustexist,for Christhassaiddefinitelythatno onecanenterHeavenwithout Baptism.Hesaid:"Unlessone bebornagainofwaterandthe HolyGhost,hecannotenterinto theKingdomofHeaven."(Jo. III.,3),and:"Hethatbelieveth andisbaptisedshallbesaved." (Mc.XVI.,16).Asthesechildren cannotreceivethesupernatural happinessofthepossessionofthe blessedvisionofGod,andasthey havenotmeritedanypunishment, theremustbean'intermediate stateborderingonthehappiness theyhavenotreceived.

(ContinuedonPage10.1

"SUFFERLITTLECHILDREN TOCOMEUNTOMEAND FORBIDTHEMNOT"

"CuriousM.,"Bunbury

"Wouldyoupleaseenlighten meonthefollowing:

1.DoyouthinkthataChrist whocouldutterthewords:"Sufferlittlechildrentocomeunto Meandforbidthemnot,"would relegatethesoulofaninnocent unbaptisedbabytoaplaceRomanCatholicsknowasLizobo?"

A.:Ido.ChristHimselfhas toldus:"Unlessonebebornagain ofwaterandtheHolyGhost.he cannotenterintotheKingdom ofHeaven."(Jo.III.,3.,When Hesaidthewords:"Sufferlittle childrentocomeuntoMeandforbidthemnot,forofsuchisthe KindomofHeaven"(Mc.X.,3), HetoldHisApostlesnottodrive awaythelittlechildrenwhowere crowdingaroundHim,buttolet thembe.Hethentooktheopportunityofteachingthelessonof theneedofhumilityforall,sayingthatitwasonlysuchashad thehumbledispositionfoundin littlechildrenwouldbefitfor heaven.'InnosensewasHe

CASTLEDAREANNUAL

FIELDDAY

Thevariouscommitteesare workingfeverishlytomakethe comingFieldDayanoutstanding success.Thedatefixedforthis functionisSunday,October13, andspecialtramsandbuseshave beenarrangedfortheconveyance Ifthehugecrowdsexpectedthat Sunday.Buseswillmeetall tramsatWelshpoolRoad,and specialbuseswillrunfromFremantleandCanningBridge.

Peoplewithcarsarerequested toassistbygivingaseattotheir friends.

ComealongandhelpCastledare tocarryonitsgreatworkofcaringfortheeightyoddlittlechappieshousedthere.ThenewlyorganisedClontarfBand,whichalreadyhasmadeanameforitself, willenliventheafternoon'sproceedingsbyapopularprogramme ofmusic.

SOCIALJUSTICESUNDAY

SocialJusticeSundayistobe heldthisyearonOctober13,and theEpiscopalStatementofSocial JusticetobedistributedthroughoutAustraliaonthatdatedeals with"SOCIALSECURITYand HumanRights,"havingparticular referencetosocialimplicationsof anationalpolicyofFullEmploy. ment.

BRIDGEANDCARDEVENING.

TheAnnualBridgeandCard Evening,inaidofSt.Vincent's FoundlingHome,willbeheldat VictoriaSquareLadies'College, onTuesday,October15,at8p.m.

Theorganiser,Mrs.E.Needham, ismakingaspecialeffortonthis occasiononaccountofthenecesityofincreasedaccommodationat thehome,andforthatreasonitis hopedthatthe18th.willproveto beagalanight.

1/4010.1./WIMW

AQUINASCOLLEGE ANNUALSPORTS

Theparents,oldboys,and friendsofAquinasCollegeareremindedthattheAnnualSports willtakeplaceatSubiacoOval onThursday,October17.All arecordiallyinvitedtoattend.

IIP11,114041,11041,0OW,I-4

LASTANDGREATESTOFTHE CONCERTS by LEADINGARTISTS.

CATHEDRALHALL, SUNDAYNIGHT,OCTOBER20.

Doorsopen8p.m. Tickets,2s. 41,441.04*#.4141.4411, PADDY'SMARKETDON'TMISSIT.

AnnualEucharistic Procession

TheAnnualEucharisticProcess sionwilltakeplaceatAquinas College,Mt.Henry,ontheFeast ofChristtheKing,Sunday,Octable27.

Therouteoftheprocessionwill besomewhatshorterthanlast year,goingdirectfromtheOval totheroadandbackbynorth sideoftheCollegeonmaderoads alltheway.

Times.

Gateswillcloseat2.40p.m.

Processionstartsat2.50p.m.

Peopleareadvisedtoarrive earlyandnottowaitforlate 'busesandtrams.

Catering.

Arrangementshavebeenmade forcatering,andhotwaterwill is'providedfreefor picnicers.

Transport.

Arrangementswillbeannouncednext week.

But

ParishcommitteesarrangingtransportareaskedtonotivyVery Rev.Dr.Kennedy,Adm.,assoon aspossible,ofthenumberof 'busesgoingtoAquinas;otherwiseparkingareasmightnotbe providedbecauseofthelarge numberofvehiclesexpected.

HOLYNAMESOCIETY

PreparationsforEucharisticProcession.

ManyHelpersRequired.

InconnectionwiththeAnnual EucharisticProcessionandHoly NameRally,tobeheldat AquinasCollege,onSunday,October27,alterationsattheCollege groundsnecessitatedagreatdeal ofworkinclearingthetrack,puttingdownaroad,andpreparing thecarparkingarea.AstheProcessionisalsotheAnnualRally oftheHolyNameSociety.which istheonlyorganisedsocietyof CatholicmenintheArchdiocese. membersofthesocietymusthelp inthisworkiftheProcessionisto beasuccess.

OnSaturday,October12,LeedervilleandOsborneParkbranchesaresponsoringtheorganisationofteamsofhelpers.Transportonthatdaywillleavethe BurtMemorialHall,St.George's Terrace,at2.15p.m.Further helpersarewantedandcanbe transportedbycarortruckfrom theassemblypointmentioned. VolunteersmayobtainfurtherinformationfromMr.C.Bery,86 NorthBeachRoad,MountHawthorn'phoneB5496),orMr.E.J. O'Brien,270 MacDonald-street, TuartHill.Volunteerswhocan bringshovelsareparticularlyrequestedtodoso.

CATHEDRALHAIA SATURDAY,NOV.2;2.6p.m. EVERYTHINGTHATMONEY QANBUlk NoCoupons. AfternoonTea. PAP~0.4104.~

T.VIVIA.N

143RokebyRoad,Subiaco.W1539, FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestalPans,BlockedSewerDrains, CisternandRoofRepairs.T.V. ModelBathHeatersnowavailable.

P PERTH Dt

JohnCUM.mgr. Ex-lnarisfBros! Siudeni

Tel.B7988

PerthLawyerOrdained aRedemptorist

ADistinguishedFamily

OnSunday,September8,atthe RedemptoristMonastery,Ballarat, theRev.WilliamFrancisDunphy wasordainedasaRedemptorist Missionary.

FatherDunphyistheyoungest offoursonsofMr.andMrs.W H.Dunphy,ofVictoriaAvenue, Claremont.Hewaseducatedat theChristianBrothers'College,St. George'sTerrace,Perth,andlater passedhisLeavingexamination withseveraldistinctons.HesubsequentlyqualifiedasLL.B.atthe UniversityatCrawley,againwith distinction,andinthesporting fieldhegainedanAustralasian Blueforrifleshooting.

Tenyearsagohewasadmitted totheBar,beingthethirdsonto qualify,sothatthefamilyestablishedaWestAustralianrecord withthefatherandthreesonsas membersofthelegalprofession.

Rev.FatherDunphypractisedlaw withsuccessasamemberofthe firmofDwyer,DurackandDunphy,butlaterenteredtheRedemptoristNovitiate,andhisordinationfollowedoneightyears ofintensivestudy.

Itisinterestingtonotethat thefounderoftheRedemptorist Order,St.AlphonsusLiguori,was alsofirstalawyerandthena priest.

Thenewpriest'seldestbrother, Rev.ThomasLaurenceDunphy, C.SS.R.,anotedpreacherofthe famousOrder,assistedattheceremony,preachedtheordination sermon,andservedathisbrother's firstMassattheMonasteryonthe followingmorning.

Mr.andMrs.W.H.Dunphy weretheguestsoftheMonastery atBallarattowitnesstheordination,andothermembersofthe familyalsopresentincludedMr. E.A.Dunphy.Presidentofthe StateArbitrationCourt,andhis wife;Rev.SisterAlphonsus,ofthe St.JohnofGodOrder,Subiaco: Rev.MotherAlphonse,oftheLoreto'Abbey,Mary'sMount,Ballarat;Mrs.G.Chandler,sisterof thenewpriest(formerlyofNedlands,butnowofHughesdale,Victoria):Mr.andMrs.E.R.Power, ofMiddlePark.Anotheraunt whocouldnotattendistheRev. MotherMagdalen,ofthePresentationConvent,Geraldton;and Mr.JohnDunphy,ofDwyer,DurackandDunphy,wasalsounable tobepresent.

014INMEMORIAM 014

HOEY,Ellen,-Inlovingmemory ofourdearmotherandgrandma,whodiedonOctober7,1945. MaryImmaculate,prayforher. -Insertedbyherdaughterand son-in-law,Mr.andMrs.Davidson,grandchildren,BrotherDavidsonBeagleBay),John,Helen, Louis.KathleenandMichael.

Furthervolunteersarerequired furSaturday,October19,andSaturday,'October26,especiallythe latterdate,whichisthedaybeforetheprocessionandtheday onwhichalargenumberofwillingandenergetichelperswillbe needed.Metropolitanbranches abletoorganiseteamsforthose twodatesareaskedtoadviseMr. E.LeB.Henderson,14Fieldstreet,Mt.Lawley)'phoneU2309), orathisoffice,AustralasiaChambers,68St.George'sTerrace, Perth('phoneB5278);orMr.E. J.Farmer,45Leonard-street,VictoriaPark.

Memberspreparedtoplacetheir carsatourdisposalforthetransportofvolunteersareaskedto letusknowduringthecoming week.Allbranchesarerequested torespondurgentlyandgenerouslytothisappealforhelp.

MembersoftheHolyNameSotietyareremindedthatSunday, October13,isthismonth'sHoly NameSunday,andtheyarerequestedtofulfiltherulesofthe Society-byreceivingHolyCommunionattheirHolyNameMass, andbyattendingthemonthly eveningmeetingoftheirbranch.

ABLACKOAT.

Blackcatsaresupposedtobe lucky,butwhetheryouseeoneor not,putyourselfinluck'swayby havingaticketintheNo.337 CharitiesConsultation.Firstprize is£3,000.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,OCTOBER2,1946.

BettingControl

Quiteanamountmightbesaid,andsaidjustly,of theanomalybywhichGovernmentsstrainatthegnatsof4 pennysweepstakesandyetswallowthecamelsofdivorce andotherpracticesintrinsicallyevil.Itisforthisreason thatCatholics,asabody,havenothithertobeenconcerned withthematterofgamblinggenerally,orwiththepar ticularissueofstarting-pricebetting.Therearesomany practicesinvolvingmajormoralproblemsinourmodern societythatitisquiteexcusableifpeccadilloeshavebeen overlookedortemporarilyshelved.Butsincethebattle hasbeenjoinedintheBettingControlBillitisopportune toreviewtheCatholicoutlookonthe.currentcontroversy. ftmustbeemphasisedthroughoutthattheCatholicChurch holdsnobriefforthosewhobelievethatbettingandgamblingarealways,andoftheirverynature,unlawful.On thecontrary,theyareperfectlylegitimateprovidedthey complywithcertainconditions.

Broadlyspeaking,therearesixconditionsnecessaryin orderthatgamblingingeneralmaybelicit.Themoney involvedmustbeone'sown,andatone'sfreedisposal onemustbeinthepositiontopaylossesandhavetheintentionofpaying;theissueinvolvedmustdependon chanceandnotoncertainty;thepersongamblingmustbe afreeagent,notactingunderpressureorinfluenceofan enduekind;theremustbenofraudordeceptioninthe transaction,andtheremustbeequalitybetweentheparties betting.Theevilsconnectedwithgamblingdonotarise fromthenatureofthething,butfromitsover-indulgence andabuse.Therearecertainpleasureswhichhaveatendencytobreakdownself-control,andamanbecomesa victimofthepassioninwhichheindulges.Thegolden ruleforaman'sguidanceinregardtogamblingisreasonableenjoyment.Ifanythingcannotbeenjoyedreasonably.thatiswithmoderation,itbecomesadutyinconsciencetorefrainfromitaltogether.

HOEY.-Inlovingmemoryof EllenHoey,whodepartedthis lifeOctober7,1945,dearmother ofKathleen,mother-in-lawof Harry,grandmaofNorma, Anne,AnthonyandElizabeth.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,I placemytrustinThee.

McINERNEY.-Ofyourcharity, prayforthereposeofthesoul ofourdarlingmother,Frances 'Isobel,whodepartedthislife onOctober6,1942. Everrememberedbyherloving sonsanddaughters.

SMITH.-Inlovingmemoryof Eileen,whopassedawayonOctober3,1945: Everrememberedbyherloving husband.

WANTED.

Wantedurgently,House,Flat oranyS.C.'Accommodation,by youngcouple,withyoungbaby. ApplyS.M.,thisoffice.

Comfortable accommodation, nicehome,offeredelderlylady; companionforanother.Apply Box15,thisoffice.

RetiredMatronwantsfurnished room;walkingdistanceSt.Mary's Cathedral;quietandobliging. Reply"R.M.,"c/othisoffice.

Urgentlywanted,furnishedor unfurnishedhouse,flatorrooms; useofconveniences;marriedcouple,twochildren;veryquiet. ApplyE.G.,thisoffice.

Middle-agedlady,tosharehome withwidow;referencesrequired; Catholicchurchconvenient.ApplyPostOffice,Spearwood.

Gamesofchance,whenproperlyconducted,afford manypeoplelegitimateamusement.Topenalisethose whousethingsrightlybecauseofthosewhousethem wrongly,wouldbetopunishthevirtuousforthevicious. Atthesametime,itmustbeadmittedthatabadhabitis slave-yandthatgambling(withthefacilitiesaffordedby S.P.shops)hasdevelopedwithmanyintoabadhabit,or ratheranincurableaddiction.ThepracticeofS.P.betting, whilenotintrinsicallywrong,hasacquiredmanyundesirabl..associations.Everyonehasremarkedhowgambling hasitsseasonswhenitresemblesnothingsomuchasacontagiousdisease.Atsuchtimes,andwiththeamazing facilitiesopenforitsindulgence,itdefinitelybecomesa publicscourge.Notonlydoitsvictimssquandermoney 'notrightlytheirstouse,buttheyfalloftenenoughinto de'utandthehandsofmoney-lenders.Womenandchildrenarefrequentlythechiefsuffererswhenbookmakers' claimthemoneythatordinarilyistheirsufficientlybare sustenance.

* * *

Moreover,whentherearelawsagainstcertainaspects ofgambling,andtheseregulationsareopenlyfloutedand connivedatofficially,thewholesanctionofthelawisweakenedandundermined.Itisessentiallytherightofthe Government,andindeeditsduty,toprotectitscitizens againsttheirownweakness.Itisthefunctionofthe Statetosafeguardpublicmoralsandtoregulateplacesand thingswhichappealharmfullytoman'spassions.Suchlegislationisnotpassedtocurbman'sliberty,buttosavehim fronthisworstenemy,insomecases,himself.Torestrain libertywhichentailsruin,isnottotakeawayliberty, healthandlife.buttopreservethem.Suchpenallegislationwillnot,ofcourse,automaticallyadjusttheevil.But atleastitwillremovethosepublicoccasionsoftemptation whichareatpresentfartoorife.TheStatewillhaveperformeditsfunction,whichithashithertosadlyneglected. Andthisveryactionwilltendtomaketheaverageman consciousthattherehasbeenexcessandthathisrecreative libertiesarebestenshrinedinmoderation.

iscriminations

"PardonMyPast"

AnEntertainingComedy

EversinceShakespeare,andprobablylongbeforethen,hasacase ofmistakenidentityservedasa solidandentertainingbasisfor comedy.Asanyfilm-goerknows, thistypeofplothasoftenbeen wellexploitedbyHollywoodduringthelastthirtyyears.In "PardonMyPast"therich,comic possibilitiesofmistakenidentity havebeenwhippedupintooneof thefrothiestandmostlaughable filmsonthecurrentscreen.The funissprightlyandplentiful,and isthereinsufficientabundance tokeepanaudiencesimmering gentlythroughoutitslength.

TheStory.

FredMaeMurrayisteamedwith WilliamDemarestasapairofdischargedsoldiersabouttoleave thecityforthecountry,where theyaretoenterintopartnership asmink-breeders.Somegangsters playhavocwiththeirplans,however,whentheleader,mistaking MacMurrayforaplay-boy,who owesalargegamblingdebt,demandspaymentandcleansout thepoorfellow'ssavings.Hopingtorecoverthemoney,thetwo ex-soldiersvisitthemillionaire's home.'Itisherethefunreally begins.Everyone-awifewho hasbeenseparatedfromhim throughtheschemingofagreedy uncle,achildpleadingtoseeher mother,agrandfatherwhodetests hisspinelessoffspring,andfinally thevillainousuncle-continuesto mistakethesoldierforthegood-

for-nothingrichmanwhoisvacationingdownMexicoway.Further complicationsarisewhenthe gamblerarrivesattheestateand refusestobelievetheimposter's story.Abadchequeprovesthe laststraw.Beforethefarcical mix-upisstraightenedsatisfactorily,thetwomenwholookalike arerevealedtobetwinswhowere separatedininfancy.Although theynevermeetinthefilm(prohablyduetothefactthatMacMurrayhandlesbothparts),the poorrelationfixesthingssothat hi::richbrotherfacesabrighter future.

TheOast.

FredNlaeMurraY,inadditionto beingthestarofthecomedy,is alsopartproducer.Hedeserves praiseonbothscores. Imust confessthatthisactorhashad littleappealformeinthepast, buthegivesasatisfyingperformanceinthisfilm.WilliamDemarest,astheotherdischarged soldier,improvesineachfilm. AkimTamiroffisdelightfulasthe menacinggambler,withataste forfirsteditions,andHarryDavenportgotmanylaughsasthe unrepressedgrandparent. MargueriteChapmanandRitaJohnsonhandledthingssatisfactorily inthefemininedepartmentwithouthavingtogreatlyexertthemselves.

"PardonMyPast"isagood comedyanddefinitelymeritsa longerseasonthanoneweek. -"GROUCHO."

"MadonnaoftheSeven

AnUnusualFilm

About600,000Britishfilm-goers recentlyvoted"Madonnaofthe SevenMoons"asthethirdbest Britishpictureproducedinthe period,1039-45,Icertainlywould notgiveitthishighplace.In myopinionsomewherearound twelfthplacewouldbemoreaccurate.Nevertheless,itisaninterestingandunusualfilm,and containsafine,intelligentperformancebyPhyllisCalvertas theunfortunateschizophrenic Maddalena.Unlike"Hangover Square,"whichdealtwithamale schizophrenic(brilliantlyplayed bythelateLairdCregar),itis saidthatthefilmstorybyMarjoryLawrencehasbeenbasedon arealandauthenticcaseofsplit personality--astrangemental statewhichweknowto-dayas schizophrenia.

Theplotisrathercomplex,and assomanycharactersareinvolv-

"TIWi[10,andI

InterestingPlaybyJohnPatrick TheIndependentPlayersproducedaveryinterestingplayina creditablemannerintheAssemblyhalllastweek-end.RememberingtherecentratherlamentableattemptsoftheClubtoreestablishitselfafterbeinginrecessduringthewar,onewent alongtothislatesteffortnot withoutmisgivings.Thepublic atlargewasapparentlysimilarly distrustful,theattendancebeing verypoor.

EvidenceofHardWork.

Itwasnotlong,however,before onebecameconsciousofagrowing interestinthedramathatwasunfoldingonstage.Thisinterest wasnotfedbytheplot,which,in thefirstscene,wasobscure;interestwascentredinsteadinthepersonagesofthedrama,andnothingoccurredtoshattertheirsemblanceofreality.Forexample, theyknewtheirlinesthoroughly, andtheymovedasiftheyknew whattheywereabout.Thisease ofproductionreflectscreditonthe producer,VernaJones.andisevidenceofhardworkonthepart oftheplayers.

TheStory,

whenshestruggledwithMaraand losthermind.Herreasonis onlynowbeginningtoreturnto her,followingaviolentupheaval inthelifeofthewillowwhich hasbeenstruckbyastorm.The shockistransmittedtoMarawith beneficialeffects.ButMarawill neverbemorethanashadowof herformerself.Allisgone, Robinisdead,althoughBessie liveson.Bessie'ssonbyRobin lives,too,anditishewhoisable tobringthelastcrumbsofcomforttoMarabytellingherofsignificantthingsabouthisfather whichalladduptotheconclusion thatRobinToddhadneverbeen reallyhappywithBessie,thathe hadneverforgottenMara,thathe hadeventhoughtofheronhis death-bed.

TheActing.

Coles,weregood.RuthSalinger fittedinnicelyasMabel,anegrees inherteens.HarryLeighton wassuitablycastandquitecom petentasDr.Oliver.

Theactingfell-downmostin thepersonsofWilliamMatheson, FredricRamsayandKathleen Saunders.Iamnotdisposedto beundulycriticalofanyofthese, butasMr.Mathesonhadthelead ingmaleroleIcannotignorehim, andasKathleenSaundersalso hadasizeablepart,Iambound toobservethatIconsidershe wasindifferentlymadeupanddid notactconvincingly.

Mr.Mathesonexecutedadouble, appearinginthethirdActasKirklandTodd,sonofRobin.Ifone weretoattempttosumuphisdeficienciesunderoneheadingone wouldhavetodescribehimastoo young.Thisphrasewouldcover notonlyhisappearancebuthis prowessasanactor.Itisunfortunatethathehadtobeentrustedwithsuchanimportant missionintheplay,asotherwise hemighthaveescapedmuchcriticism;forheiscertainlynotwithoutpromise.Butasaleadhe waswoefullylackinginexperience.

ed,Iwillnotevenattemptaresumeofit.Thegeneralproductionissatisfactory,andmanyCatholicsequencesaretreatedwith anaccuracy(theyweresupervisedbyaFatherCarey),andsympathynotalwaysmetedouton thescreen.

StewartGrangerwasinterestingbutcannotbesaidtohave beenwellcastasthevicious,fiery leaderofthe"baddies."Patricia Roc,asMaddalena'sdaughter, wenttosomuchtroubletoappear girlishthatIwasirritatedtothe pointofwishingthatthisactress wasasextinctashernamewould inply.Sheprancedaroundin shortsandslacksandherappearanceinthelatterconvincedme thatAristotleorsomeothersage reallysaidsomethingwhenobservingthat"Ladiesinslacks shouldnotturntheirbacks!"

Grouclio'sSCREENNOTES

GeorgeBrentplayedthemale leadin"TheGaySisters,"afilm thatcompletedlastweekathreeweeks'seasonattheCaptol.This wellknownactorwasborninIrelandin1904,orphanedin1915, andforthenextfiveyearslived withanauntinAmerica.In 1920hereturnedtoDublin.A filmmagazinerecentlystatedthat i"lirentcarrieddispatchesfor MichaelCollinsandDeValera duringtheIrishrebellion,which eventuallycausedhimtofleeback toNewYork."Mostfilmmagazinespublishaterrificamountof toshaboutthe"stars,"etc.,and Iofferthisinformationforwhat itisworth.PerhapssomeIrish readercancertifythisratherinterestinginformationabout Brent? IunderstandthatPerth'sfirst newsreeltheatreisexpectedbyits promoterstobereadyforpublic performancesinlateNovember.It willbecalledtheMayfairandwill besituatedinthebasementareas beneathLevinson'sbuildingin Hay-street.Thisisgoodnews,as thistypeoftheatrehasproved

Outstandingamongtheplayers wasEdnaHopkins,whogavea sincereandintelligentrendering ortheprincipalfemininerolewhichwasindeedthemainrole intheplay.AsMaraSutro,she wassupposedtobecloselyconnectedwithawillow-treewhich grewinthegardenoftheSutro homeinoneoftheSouthern StatesoftheU.S.A.Thiswillow hadbeenplantedatthetimeof Mara'sbirth,andsotheygrewup together,curioustwins.Her delicate,retiringnatureseemedto besymbolisedbytheweepingwillow,whileelsewhereinthegardenwasanothertreewhichblossomedandborefruitandwas identifiedwithMara'slivelybut selfishsisterBessie(PegPizer). Thelattereventuallycapsacareerofself-assertionanddomin. :axeoverhersisterbymarrying Mara'slover,theyouthfulDr. RobinTodd.Fortyyearslater weseethebrokenandbewildered Mara,apitifulspectacle,attemptingtopiecetogetherthetragic eventsofthatnightsolongago

Itisafancifulstory,butundeniablystronginitsemotionalappeal.EdnaHopkinsdidwellto sustain her characterisation throughthethreeActsoftheplay, andhadshemadebetteruseof hervoiceshewouldhaverounded offaveryfineperformance.Inaudibilitywasattimesadistressingchargeagainstallmembersof thecast,andlikewisetherewas littleunderstandingoflightand shadeinthemanipulationofvoice inflectionsgenerally.Playerstendedtostrikealevelandsticktoit. NoonecouldhaveagreaterloathingthanIfortheelocutionary tricksandartificeswhichsomany oftheyoungerfry-especiallygirls -affectwhencalledupontospeak publicly,buttherearerulesof voiceproductionwhichnoaspirantforstagehonourscanaffordto neglect.Theextenttowhich theoryandpracticecanbedovetailedwithoutoffendingagainst goodtasteisthemeasureofsuccessinthisdirection.

PegPizerwaswellcastasBessie Sutro,andgavean performanceinthedifficultrole.She wasespeciallyaptatportraying thehard,cruelqualitieswhichso clearlylefttheirmarkonBessie inlaterlife.JohnHobson,asthe fatherofthetwogirls,wasalso moreconvincinginhisdeclining yearsthanearlier.Heundoubtedlycouldhavemadealotmoreof hispartatallstages,butwhat heachievedwasnotdispleasing. GretaMicklerangtrueasTinny, theHattieNfcDanielltypeof negress.Theyoungladsinthe cast,AnthonyCookeandGlen

AcademyAward,about600,000 votersnominatedMasonasthe leadingmalestarinBritishfilms to-day.Iwassurprised(atleast untilIsawthefilm),therefore,to findoneofMason'sfilms,"Hotel Reserve,"beingscreenedduring theweekatachange-of-programme-weeklytheatreasasupportingfilm.Thefilmwouldnot contributemuchtoMason'cprestigeinAustralia.Itsthemewas dated,theacting,apartfrom Mason'sperformance,verymediocre,andinfactithadallthe wellknownfaultsofBritishfilms withoutanyoftheirvirtues.It isnowonderthatMasonrecently complainedabouttherutinto whichBritishfilmshadfallen, andisreportedtobeconsidering manyattractiveHollywoodoffers. Inconclusion,twointeresting factsaboutthisstar:Fewpeople knowthathiswife,PamelaKellino,playedthepartofhisdaughterin"TheyWereSisters,"recentlyscreenedinPerth(reviewedin ourissueof28/8/1946),andsecondly,thatMasongraduatedfrom Peterhouse,Cambridge,actually takinghisNLA.degreewhilstworkingon"TheManinGrey."It wasthisfilmmorethananyother thatcatapultedhimintothefront rank.

mostpopularintheEastern States.SomuchsothatIcan remember.threetheatrettesbeing commissionedinSydneywithin threeorfourmonthsduring1941. reasonablepriceforadmissionis usuallycharged,andthelengthof theprogrammevariesfrom60to 90minutes.Itiscomprisedof currentnewsreelsandoneortwo "shorts."Fewpeoplecansurely findnewsreelsdull.Ihaveoften heardacynicobservethatthe bestpartsoftheaveragefilmprogrammesthesedaysaretheone ortwonewsreelsandthe"trailer" forthefollowingprogramme.Now heandmanyothers,nodoubt, willobtainsolaceinthefactthat hecanhaveanexclusivefareof gazetteswithouthavingtosit throughsomelengthyfeaturefilm (oftenmostboring)andtheusuallysecond-ratesupporting(1) film. JamesMasonisanactorconsideredbymanytobeEngland's topbox-officeattractionto-day.In arecentattemptsponsoredbythe "DailyMail"toarriveataBritishcounterparttoHollywood's

Thosewhoknowtheirfilmswill appreciatethefollowing,entitled "Overheardina'Bus,"takenfrom theEnglish"Leader":

"HaveyouseenHenryVIII?"

"Oh,yeah,yearsago.Frank Laughtonwasinit."

"Washe?Well,they'vemadeit againincoca-colour,withLaurenceOlivier."

"ThatonewhomarriedDiana Churchill?" "ThatwasVicOliver.No-the onewhomarriedEvelynLeigh."

"Issheinit?Oneoftheeight wives,Isuppose.Doessheget herheadchoppedoff?"

"Idon'texpectso.Filmsnever getthingsright,dotheyLookat 'FannybyGasmask.' ."

GeneralRemarks.

Theplaywasagoodone,the treatmentofitfair.TheproducVonwasalongwayaheadofanythingIhaveseentheIndependent Playersturnoutinrecentyears. Thelineworkwasexcellent.The decorwasnotofhighstandard.

Thelightingwasnotasgoodas itshouldhavebeen.Thestage managementleftalottobedesired-breaksbetweenscenesand actsseemedtobeinterminable. Finally,onecouldsaythatafter witnessing"TheWillowandI," onelooksforwardtotheIndependentPlayers'nextpresentationwithincreasedinterestand expectation.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

ChristianBrothers HighSchool, Highgate

ANNUALSPORTS.

TheTenthAnnualSchoolSports ofthepupilsoftheChristianBrothers'HighSchool,Highgate,will beheldthisyearatSubiacoOval. onTuesdayOctober8Thefirst eventisat10amandtheprogrammecontinuestill5o'clock, Parents,friendsandwell-wishers oftheschoolareassuredofaninterestingandexcitingcompetitionAfternoonteawillbeservedbyacommitteeofladies

THECATHOLICANSWER

(ContinuedfromPage7.)

fUESTIONSCONCERNING THEMORMONCHURCH

R.H.Allen,Subiaco "Whilstlisteningtoyourprogrammeandtoyourpredecessors, Ihavefrequentlyfeltthedesire toforwardvariousquestions.Untilnow,however,Ihadnot thoughtofanythingwhichhad notbeen,tomymind,already successfullyand,usually,clearly explainedoranswered.

Recentlytherecameintomy possessiontheenclosedpamphlet. Imuststateitwasnotforced uponme.Iamonlytooready, inmysearchforknowledge,to acquaintmyselfwiththewaysof theworldandlifeingeneral.Perhapsthisepistlewouldnothave beenwrittenhadInotmetan Americanofficerwhohailedfrom theMeccaofhischurch,SaltLake City.Thisyoungofficerimpress. edmewithhisobvioussincerity, whenIquestionedhimregarding hisreligion.Withouttryingto convertme,hegavemesome factsinwhichhebelieved,concerninghis,theMormon,Church."

Mr.Allenenclosedwithhisletterasmallpamphletentitled: "WhyIBelievetheBookofMormontobetheWordofGod,"by WiliamA.Morton,SaltLakeCity, U.S.A.,andaskmetocomment onit.

A.:Well,Mr.Allen,Imust thankyouforyourniceletterand IassureSOUthatIfounditmost interesting,andregretthattime doesnotallowmetoreaditin fullformylisteners.Ithink themostsatisfactoryreplyIcan giveyou,andonewhichwillinterestlisteners,istogiveyoua shortsketchoftheoriginand growthandtenetsoftheChurch ofLatter-DaySaintsinAmerica, oftenknownastheMormon Church.Youwillthenbeable togiveananswertoanyquestionsthatmayariseinyourmind concerningthepamphlet.

Iwouldreferanylistenerswho areinterestedtothearticlein "TheEncyclopediaBrittanica"undertheheading"Mormons,"andto "TheCatholicEncyclopedia,"underthesametitle.HereIshall quotefrom"ThePopularEncyclopedia,"publishedbyBlackieand Co.,1878,nearly70yearsago,and whentheMormonswerestillactingindefianceoftheU.S.Government,andsomeoftheoriginal membersofthesectwerestill alive.

PrewarPaintsandin=els availableatHauell'sStore,669 WellingtonStreet,Perth.

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MORMONCHURCHFOUNDED

BYJOESMITH

"Mormonites,orLatter-Day Saints,aso-calledreligioussect, foundedbyapersonofthename ofJoeSmith.Thispersonpossessedofabadcharacter,andof whichhesubsequentlyacquired thereputationofbeingtheworst, hadspentmuchofhistimein searchingforhiddentreasure, chieflybymeansofincantations andsimilardelusions;andin1827, afterhehadbeenestablishedfor sometimeinthewesternpartof NewYork,begantogiveoutthat onSeptember27inthatyear, throughtheguidanceofanangel, hehaddiscoveredinthegrounda writingengravedonplatesofshininggold.Thiswritinghetranslatedandpublishedunderthe titleoftheBookofMormon.

Amongrationalmentherecannotbeanydiffertnceofopinionas totherealcharacterofJoe Smith'sgoldenBible,butgood carewastakennottobringitto thetestofreason.Ignorance andfanaticismexistedinsufficientabundancetofurnishanucleusofadherents,andtheprogresshassincebeensuchasto makeMA-monismoneofthemost remarkableandsuccessfulimposturesofmoderntimes.OnJune 1,of1830,whenfirstorganisedas asectatFayette,itnumbered onlythirtymembers.Inthe someyear,translator,prophet, JoeSmith,nowstyledbyvirtue ofaspecialrevelation,seer ofJesusChrist,andelderofthe church,beganopenlytobaptise. TheinhabitantsofFayette,unabletotoleratehisswindlingblasphemy,threwoutmenaceswhich hedidnotdeemitprudentto disregard,andheremovedto Kirtland,inOhio.

"Here,inconsequenceofanew revelationwhichenjoinedhisfollowerstoconsecratealltheirpropertytoGod,hesetupabank,of whichhewashimselfpresident.

In1837itstoppedpayment.This misadventurewasasufficientindicationtotheprophetthatitwas hightimetodecamp.Hisnext localitywasinMissouri,wherefor threeyearstheMormonites,at strifeamongthemselves,and threatenedwithschism,werealso engagedinincessantcontestswith theirneighbours,whoatlast drovethemoutbymainforce. Theynowamountedto15,000, andhavingtakenrefugenIllinois,foundedthecityofNauvoo, andmadeJoeSmithitsmayor, withfullpowerstoregulatethe affairsofthesect,bothtemporal andspiritual. Animmense "boarding-house"inwhich,accordingtoarevelation,'JosephSmith andhishouse,'weretohaveplace 'fromgenerationuntogeneration,' 'foreverandever,'wasbuilt. Thiswasfollowedbyatempleat thecostofnearlyamilliondollars.

DOGMAOFTHE"SPIRITUAL" WIFE

"Rigdon(oneoftheearliestassociates)hadintroducedthedbgmaofa'spiritualwife,'which gaverisetoviolentinternaldissensions.Hepersistednotwithstanding,andultimatelyprofessedto havereceivedrevelationssanctioningsystematicseduction.Smith waschargedwithcountenancing thisdogma,andwasnotbelieved whenhedeniedit,becausehisadvacacyofpolygamy,andhispossessionofaharemvieinginthe numberofitsinmateswiththat ofMohammed,werepracticalexemplificationsofthisveryabomination.Inthestrugglesthatfollowedhehadrecoursetoviolence whichbroughthimwithinthe powerofthecivillaw,andhewas imprisonedatCarthagewitha numberofhisconfederates,preparatorytoatrialforriot.While heretheprisonwasforcedbya mob.. JoeSmithandhisbrotherHiramwereamongtheslain, Thistragicalevent,whichtook placeonJune27,1844,having givenJoeSmiththereputationof amartyr,has,accordingtothe

ruleinsuchcases,addedtothe numberofhisdeludedfollowers." ShortlyaftertheMormonswere expelledfromtheStateofIllonois.Theirnewleader,Brigham Young,ledthemtothevastuninhabitedvalleybetweentheSierra NevadaandtheRockyMountains, wherein1848SaltLakeCitywas founded.Greattractsofland werebroughtundercultivation, andagreatimmigrationfundwas builtuptofinancethisrecruiting ofmembersfromEurope;large numberspouredin,especially fromGreatBritain.In1870Congresspassedalawforbiddingthe polygamyorpluralmarriageof theMormons,butitwasnotuntil theyear1890thattheirPresident issueda"Manifesto"acceptedby theLatter-DaySaintsinGeneral Conference,withdrawingthesanctionoftheChurchfromthefurthersolemnisationofanymarriagesforbiddenbythelawofthe land.In1904and1906official statementsbythePresidentofthe Latter-DaySaintsreaffirmedtheir obediencetothelawsofCongress, andthepracticeofpluralmarriagemaynowbesaidtobea thingofthepast.

CHIEFAIMOFMORMONISM

Mormonismannouncesasone ofitsprincipalaimsthepreparationofapeopleforthecomingof theLord;apeoplewhowillbuild theNewJerusalem,andthere awaitHiscoming.TheUnited Order,themeansofpreparation, isatpresentinabeyance,butthe preliminaryworkofgatheringIsraelgoeson,nottotheZionproper,whichisinJacksonCounty, Missouri,buttotheStakesof Zion.AStakeisadivisionofthe MormonChurch,presidedover bythreehigh-priests,who,with twelvehighcouncillors,constitute atribunalfortheadjudicationof differences.Theextremepenaltyinflictedbythechurchisexcommunication.Ineachstake arequorumsofhigh-priests,seventies,andelders,officersandcallingsintheMelchisedechpriest. hood:andineachsubdivisionofa stakequorumsofpriests,teachersanddeacons,whoofficiatein iAaronicpriesthood.Presiding OvertheentireChurchisasupremecouncilofthreehigh-priests, calledtheFirstPresidency;next tothesearethetwelveapostles, equalinauthoritytotheFirst Presidency,thoughsubjecttoand actingunderitsdirection.ThelatestcensusgivestheLatter--Day Saintsasnumberingover700,000.

TennisRacquetsRestrungbyexpertsatWimbledonSportsDepot, 14BonMarcheArcade.

SoldierWhoServedGodandFrance

MarshalFoch's UnostentatiousFaith

InanEnglish"Biographyofthe lateMvshalFoch,"byMajorGeneralSirGeorgeAston(HutchinsonandCo.),theauthor,although evidentlynotaCatholichimself, givesstrikingprominencetothe partwhichhisreligionplayedin thelifeandcareerofhishero.

Thekeytohischaracter,he writes,istobefound,undoubtedly,inasincerefaithinanAlmightyProvidencecaringforthe destiniesofmankind,andthisis lestillustratedbythefollowing storyinwhichthisfaithisindicatedthoughnotpubliclyexpressed:

Atthetime,inApril,1918,when thepowersofFochtoco-ordinate theAlliedeffortdevelopedinto thenominalcommandoftheAlliedarmies,hesaid:"Materially,I donotseethatvictoryispossible. Morally,Iamcertainthatwe shallgainit."

Thoughhewaswellequipped withsuchknowledgeascanbe gainedfromhistoryofthefactors whichmakeforsuccessinwarfare, faithwastheimpetuswhichinspiredhimtobearsogreatapart inthefinaltriumph.

ParentalDirectives.

Foch'sfatherhadinheritedall thegoodqualitiesofhisancestors. Likethemhewasadeeplyreligiousman,austerewithhimselfbut lenientandtolerantwithothers. Hiswidesympathiessavedhim fromthebigotryandintolerance thatsometimesspoilmenoflike austerecharacter.Hewasloyal inallhisrelationships,extremely painstakingandconscientiousin hisbusinessmethods.

Maparenthewasexcellent, andFochowedmuchtohis father'straining.Broughtupto strictobedience,theyoungFerdinandgainedtheabilitytocommandfromhavinglearnedhow toobey.

Thoughstrict,thefatherwas neitherharshnorunjust.Under hiswiserulethechildrenpreservedtheirindependenceofspirit, andthelovethattheyallbore theirparentsgiveseloquenttestimony'ofthespiritofthehousehold.

Wiring.

Accountancy, RoadBoardSecretaries'Course. AgriculturalScience, SalesmanshipandPersonalEffi ciency, JournalismandShortStoryWrit ing, Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping.

Noobligationforinformation supplied.

COMMERCIAL CORRESPONDENCE COLLEGE

SHEFFIELDHOUSE, 71321HAYSTREET,PERTH.

Themother,thedaughterof ChevalierDupe,combinedwith hermarkedsweetnessofdispositionastrengthofcharacterand highidealsoflife.Likeherhusbandshewascteeplydevout,and likehimsheneverallowedherreligiousleaningstotend.towards over-severitywiththehighspirits ofchildhood,ortocauselackof sympathythroughoutthewhole ofherlifetime.

TheMarshalundoubtedlyderivedfromherhiswarmthof heart,whilefrombothhisparents heinheritedhishighsenseofduty, hisdeepreligiousinstincts,and theloyaltyandthepainstaking persistencewhichcharacterised himthroughoutthewholeofhis career."

AtaJesuitSchool.

ThefirstJesuitschoolwhich FerdinandattendedwasatPolignan.Itwasthefirstoccasion onwhichhehadenteredareligiouscommunity.

Whatstruckhimmost,fromthe firstwasthedevotionofthemasters,whowereallpriests,totheir vocation.Theytookrealtrouble withtheirpupils,andhavingreceivedthepreviousreportsof youngFoch'smathematicaltensienciestheymadehimspecialise, allbyhimself,inmathematicsin -rdertomakemorerapidadvance.

Hewasfourteenorfifteenyears old.TheotherpupilsintheSeminaryweretwoorthreeyears olderthanhewas,aboutseventeenyearsold.Theywereall preparingforthepriesthood,and theyworkedenthusiastically,and weremuchmoreadvanced.

"Theyswottedallthetime. Theywerestoutfellows!They alwayshadtheirnoseinabook." Inordertokeeppacewiththem. Fochhadto"pullastiffoar." 'That'swhatIlearntoverthere -topullastiffoar!"

Therewasalwaysastrongbond ofaffectionbetweenFochandhis lirotherGermain,inwhosenovitiateasaJesuitin1872hetook treatinterest.Thebrotherstalkedoverconstantlythedifferent pathsinlifethattheyweretofollow,andthoughFerdinandhad, andretained,strongreligiousinstincts,theArmyratherthanthe priesthoodhadattractedhimfrom hisboyhood.Theideaofhisbrotherbeingapriestwasneverthelessattractivetohim,andalldetailsofGermain'snewlifewere studiedwithavidity.

"WeshallbothserveFrance," hesaid,"youtoprayforher;Ito fightforher;andwhoknows whichisthebetterservice?"

Throughouthislifetheycorrespendedwithunfailingregularity, andevenintheWarandduring itsmostanxiousphases,Foch rarelyallowedadaytopasswithoutsendingatleastafewwords toGermain,whosenamehegave tohisonlyson,whofellinbattle inAugust,1914. HisFaith.

CommandantBagnet.A.D.C.to theMarshalduringtheclosing yearsofhislife,tellsastoryofa

correspondentwhowrotetoin-quirehisviewsontheimmortalityofthesoul.

"Formyself,Icannotdoubtit," repliedtheveteransoldier,tearing uptheletterwithoutreplyingto it,innomoodtoairhisbeliefs, Hisfaithknewnodoubt:hewas aferventanddevoutCatholicto theend.

"Happyarethosewhoareborn believers,"wasoneofhissayings.

TriesteSettlement CondemnedbyEnglish

Cardinal

StateUsurpationinEducation

HisEminenceBernardCardinal Griffin,ArchbishopofWestminster,stronglycriticisedrecentproposalsoftheBigFourregarding ItalyandTriesteasaviolation ofprinciplesoftheAtlanticCharter,andasdecisionsbasedon powerpoliticsandvengeance.The Cardinalspokeataluncheonfollowingtheconsecrationofthe EnglishMartyrs'ChurchinSparkhill,asuburbofBirmingham, whereheonceservedasAuxiliary Bishop.

manofactionthebesthomageto God.Prayerwithhimwasno movementofthelips,butcompleteself-surrender.Religiousobservanceshepractisedconsistentlyandpunctiliously,withoutparadeofpietyandwithoutbigotry.

PrinciplesandPreferment. LochwasChiefInstructoratthe StaffCollegeandwasrecognised as"themostoriginalthinkerand themostprofoundstudent"among thelecturersthere,whentheanticlericalreactionaftertheDrewfus Affairbroughtatemporaryeclipse. The(anti-clerical)feelinggrewso strongandassumedsuchextraordinaryproportionsthatitissaid thattheMinistryofWarinParis preparedsecretdossiersinwhich ablackmarkwasputagainstthe nameofeveryofficerwhowasin thehabitofattendingMasson Sundays.

Foch,anearnestanddeeplyreligiousman.madenoparadeof hisfaith,butcertainlyneverattemptedtoconcealit.Religion wasnotwithhimamatterof merewords.Ilecarriedhisbeliefsintohislifeandtheyformed theinspirationofhiswork.He saidoncethatintheolddaysat Metzhealwaysusedtosayto himselfthathewouldnotliketo dieuntilhecouldhanghisswonl upasavotiveofferingonthe wallsoftheCathedral,andthat "oncemymottowasknowledg andconscience,butInowsac conscienceandknowledge.Consciencefirst,forthatiswhatmattersmore."

Heheldthatreligiousidealism, thedevotiontotheDivine,gave manstrengthandcouragefe.whatevermightbehisdutytodo, andtohimthefearthathisreligionmightinterferewithhis worldlysuccesscarriednoweight whatever.Tomanyatthattime attheStaffCollegeitwasobvious thatFochmighthaveremainedif hisreligiousopinionshadbeen lesswellknown.

Fochhimselfwouldhavesacrificedallprospectofanyfurther advancementratherthangiveup anyofthereligiousobservancesto whichhehadbeenaccustomed andhadfollowedthroughouthis life."Dowhatyouought.and letcircumstancestakecareof themselves,"washisrule,and thoughhecouldnolongerclose hiseyestothefactthathiscareer wasindanger,hesawnoreason toabandonhisprinciples.Seven yearslaterFochwasreinstatedby Clemenceau,althoughhewas'careftdtoremindtheMinisterthathe hadabrotheraJesuit.(Oneof thechargesthathadbeenbrought againsthimwasthatasprofessor hefavouredstudentswhocame fromJesuitschools.)

AfterSon'sDeath.

Inaletterwrittenafterthe deathofhisson,weread:"Itrembleonfeelingthedesolationof mypoorwife.FormyselfItry tofindsupportinremembering myduty,butnotwithoutdifficulty.Thecruelsacrificeswhich weareenduringoughtnettoremainsterile.Ishallworkwith alltheenergyofwhichIamcapable,absolutelyconfidentofthe issueofthefightwiththemercy

"Myreligiousfaithhasbeenpart ofmycharacter,andhencemy conductasamanandasoldier," wasanother.Hishabitwasto meditateinchurches,butheheld thatdoingone'sdutywasforaofGodhelpingus.'

InhiscriticismofpeaceproposalsforItaly,CardinalGriffin recalledthatthesignatoriesofthe AtlanticCharterstatedthat "theircountriesseeknoaggrandisement,territorialorother." "Secondly,"hesaid,'theydesire toseenoterritorialchangesthat donotaccordwiththefreelyexpressedwishesofthepeopleconcerned.Thirdly,theyrespectthe rightofallpeoplestochoosethe formofgovernmentunderwhich theyshalllive."

TheArchbishopreadamessage hehadreceivedfromBishopAntonioStantin,ofTrieste,inwhich thelattercomplainedthatthe "decisionsofParisarethrowing thispopulationintodespair.""The internationalisationofTriestewill meanincreasingstrugglesand sourcesofcomplications,"the messageread."TheItaliancitiesofWesternIstriaallottedto Yugoslaviaaredeprivenofany freedom,includingreligiousfreedom."Thepopulationdemands thattheethnicprinciplesestablishedatLondonbenotbetrayed. BishopStantinwrote,addingthat thepeoplewanttheunionto ItalyofthosezoneswhichareadmittedlyItalian,oratleastthey wanttheirfatedecidedbyplebiscite.

CardinalGriffinalsoreferredto therecentreferenduminPoland andnotedattacksmadebyCommunistsonthePolishPeasant Party,which,accordingtoStanislavMikolajczyk,herelated,sufferedthearrestof1,213membersby thesecuritypoliceandtheassasinationof14members.Cardinal Griffinrepeatedhisdemandthat freeelectionsunderAlliedsupervisionbeheldinPolandimmediately. AtBirminghamUniversity,the Cardinalpointedoutthat"the Churchwasprovidingeducational facilitiesforpoorstudentslong beforethemodernStatebeganto takeanyinterestintheeducation ofthemassesofthepeople." WhileCatholicsaresometimes treatedasinterlopersintheeducationalfield,hesaid,"anyone whoisevenslightlyacquainted withthehistoryofeducationin thiscountryknowsthatitswhole foundationwaslaidbyrite Church.

"Allhumanactivityisgraduallybeingcircumscribedbythe politician,"theCardinalsaid. "Throughoutthegreaterpartof EuropetheState(inplainEnglish,politicians)isarrogatingto itselfalldirectionofthehuman mind.Themoderntrendgoes farbeyondthemereconscription ofmanpower.Scienceisconscriptedinthenameofresearch; literatureiscontrolledforthe sakeofthatuglything,propaganda,andifyouarenotonyour guard.learningitselfwillbefettered."

Pointingoutthestrongforce Christianityhasalwaysbeenin theadvanceoftruelearningand incheckingthosewhowouldprostituteeducationtopoliticalends, theArchbishopquotedAlbert Einstein,who,hesaid,may"well betheworld'sgreatestscientist," butsurely"notaprotagonistof Christianity."

"'Beingaloveroffreedom,'" hequotedthescientistassaying, "'whentherevolutioncameto GermanyIlookedtotheuniversitiestodefendit,knowingthat theyhadalwaysboastedoftheir devotiontothecauseoftruth; butno,theuniversitieswereimmediatelysilenced.ThenIlookedtothegreateditorswhoseflamingeditorialsindaysgonebyhad proclaimedtheirloveoffreedom: but,liketheuniversities,theywere slencedinafewweeks.Only theChurchstoodsquarelyacross thepathofHitler'scampaignfor suppressingthetruth.

"'Ihadneverhadanyspecial interestintheChurchbefore,but nowIfeelagreataffectionand admirationbecausetheChurch alonehashadthecourageand persistencetostandforintellectualtruthandmoralfreedom.I amthusforcedtoconfessthat whatoncedespisedInowunreservedlypraise."

OOTTESLOEBRANCH.

YCW

Cricketpracticewillbeheldon Sunday,'October6,at2p.m.at CollegePark,Claremont.

OLDAQUINIANS'HOCKEY CLUB

ACTIVITIES

DiocesanHeadquarters: NationalMutualBuildings,81St. George'sTerrace,Perth.

'Phone:B2546.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Dances.

Ourdanceshavenowreturned totheirscheduleafterbeinginterruptedbytheMissionatthe Cathedral,andthenextoneis onFridaynight,October4,and fromthenonthealternateFriday night.

WeeklyMeetings.

Theweeklymeetingsarestill beingheldoneachTuesdayeveningatSt.Patrick's,andthebasketballcourtisthereforour useandbenefit.Itishopedto formateamofhighstandardand nextyeardosomethingaboutthe competitions.

CathedralBazaar.

Keepupthegoodworkwith thesurprisepacketcollectionsand alsotheraffleticketsinthedinnerset.Themorewecollect themorewebenefitandcanimproveouramenities.

YouthWeekMassandRiver Trip.

OntheSunday(October131of YouthWeek,thereistobeaspecialYouthMassattheCathedral at11am,toopenYouthWeek, andtheY.C.W.isexpectedtobe thereinforce.

FollowingtheMassistobea functionintheshapeofariver tripandpicnic,andwehopeto seeafullrepresentationofour parishatthiscombinedY.0W. function.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

Alltheyoungmenandwomen oftheparishareinviZedalongto theregionalrally,tobeheldat Reserve-streetHall,Claremont, onSundaynight.

Anyoneinterestedintravelling byboattoAquinasonOctober 27,pleasehandtheirnameinto thesecretary,Leo.Anderson,or thepresident,HarryChild.

Thenextgeneralmeetingwil: beheldafterDevotionson`sum day,October13.

OurnextdancewillbeonOctober26.

Theregionalrallywillbeheld onSundayOctober6,atSt. Thomas'Ilall,Reserve-street, Claremont.Anexcellentshowis beingplanned.

TheBikeHikehasbeenpostponeduntilthefirstSundayin November.

Generalmeetingsandsports evenings(includinggym.)are heldeverysecondMondayinthe StaroftheSeaHall.Allyoung menbetweentheagesof14-25are invitedtocomealong.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

DatestoRemember:Saturday, October5,dance;Sunday,October6,regionalrally;Saturday. October19,grandcarnival.These functionswillbeheldinSt. Thomas'Ball,Reserve-street, Claremont.

RiverTrip:Thelaunchleaves Claremontat10.30am.onSunday, October27. Thenfollowsa cruisearoundtheriver,probably totheHarbour.Luncheonwill bepartakenofatMosman'sBay, andthencetoAquinasCollegeto participateintheEucharisticProcession.Seatsavailablearelimited,sobookearlytoavoiddisappointment.

FREMANTLEBRANCH.

ThebuspicnictoAraluenlast Sundaywasatremendoussuccess.Withtheidealweather conditionsandthehappyatmospherethatprevailedtherecanbe nodoubtthatallofthe140who wentthoroughlyenjoyedthemselves.

Gymnasium.

Morerecruitsarerequiredfor thegym.squadwhichispreparing adisplayfortheconcerttobe heldsoon.PracticenextMondaynight.

Darts.

Thefinalsofthedartstournamentwereplayedoffrecently,and DennisMortimerwasproclaimed thewinner.

Billiards.

Thedoublesinthebilliardtour!lamentarebeingplayedoff. Thereisstilltimetoenter.Those wishingtodososhouldseeJohn Beattie,atthenextmeeting.

Dancing.

TheThursdaynightdancesare stillprovingpopular.Forthose whowishtolearntodancethere willbeanotherclassnextSunday, October27,afterDevotions.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'COLLEGE,FREMANTLE

GRANDBOXING CHAMPIONSHIP

TOWNHALL,FREMANTLE.

TUESDAY,OCTOBER8th.,at7pm.

RingsideSeats,3s.;DressCircleandBodyofHall,2s.

Important!Booking!SeatsmaybebookedatFredYench,Clothier,High-streetFremantle.Kindlygetinearlyandavoiddisappointment.

By"Roll-In."

Andsofortheclubendsamost e'entfulseason-thepads,sticks, andballsarestoredcarefullyaway inremotecorners.Thegrand finalshavebecomememories, whileintothemindcomepictures ofcricket,glitteringbeaches,rollingsurf,andyachts.

Butforfollowersofthisgrand gameofhockeythefinalmatches playedonthe28th.arestillan importanttopicofconversation.

Aswasexpected,theAlgame betweenCricketersandOld Aquinianswasthematchofthe season,resultinginawinforthe former,5-4. Forthefirsthalf the-hugecrowd,assembledwas slightlydisappointedintheexhibition,asCricketers,playinghard andAquiniansmakingerrors,the scorewentto3-0.Havingchangedends,backstothesun,theCollegeboysfoundtheirfeet,and thecrowdreachedfeverpitchas 4brilliantgoalscamefromLalor, Evans(2),andK.Kennedy.With thescoreat4-4,thefinalwhistle sounded,andtheteamschanged endsforafurthertenminutes eachway.Thebattleswayedtowardseitherend,bothteams fightingdesperatelytoforcethe winninggoal,andwithfourminutestogoapenaltybullywas awardedtoCricketers,thefinal goalscored,andthedecisionwas reached.Itwasunfortunatethat agamesoevenlyfoughtandfull ofincidentshouldendwithagoal ofthatnature.Cricketersreceive thewarmcongratulationsofthe entireOldAquinians'Clubfor theirvictory.

Andnowtotheclub'strophy winners.TheReserveGrade: Thisteamproducedanexceedinglyhighstandardofhockeyto defeatastrongOldModernians' combination.Earlyinthegame itwasevidentthattheyhelda slightedge,butthisdidnotpreventMod'sscoring.Pushinghal-de:,RedandBlacksforcedthreeor fourshortcorners,butstillnarnowlyfailedtoscore.Theireffortswerefinallycrownedwith twogoals,fromHalpinandConroy,bothofwhom,withWorner, werechosenastheside'sbest players.Thefinalscoreswere: 2-1.

ItfelltothelotoftheReserve captain,B.Conroy,tocollectthe trophiesforhisteamatthepresentation,whichfollowedtheconclusionofthe"A"match.The presentationwasrepeatedinthe eveningattheclubdance,when Mr.Kennedy,thepatron,again congratulatedConroyandhis team.

Noticedamongthespectators duringthegamesandagainatthe socialfunctionwasNoelTunstill. GeoffMelvinandGerry'Balien werealsoamongthedancersof theevening.Itisindeedencouragingtotheoldermemberstosee theinteresttheseboysaretaking intheclub'sactivitiesandaugurs wellfortheclub'sstrengthinthe 1947season.

H.C.PRIOR

FUNERALDIRECTOR

ALBANY(Established1921)

PrivateMortuary,MotorVehicles ChargesModerate. Phone21S.

Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts.

Brennan-CodalongaWedding

Themarriagewascelebrated, withNuptialMassinSt.Anne's Church,Belmont,onSaturday, September7,ofElsie,onlydaughterofMr.andMrs.P.Codalonga, ofBelmont,andTom,sonofMr. W.Brennan,ofSt.George'sTerrace,andthelateMrs.Brennan.

Thebride,whowasgivenaway byherfather,enteredthechurch throughaguardofhonourofthe pupilsofheroldschool,St.Anne's, wearingatraditionalgownofoffwhitecrepedrapedfromtheshouldertothewaist,andbeautifully embroideredwithdiamentes.Her veilwasheldinplacebya heart-shapedcoronet,andshecarriedabouquetofroses,carnations, andsnowdrops,withawhiteMissal,thegiftofthebridegroom's grandmotherandaunt,aSisterof Mercy.MissJoanCourtlandwas bridesmaid,wearingpaleblueorgandieinold-worldstyle,andcar riedabouquetofpinkcarnations, gerberas,andbluedelphiniums. ter.D.Brennan,brotherofthe groom,carriedoutthedutiesof bestman. Thealtarwastastefullydecoratedwithliliesanddaffodilsbythe SistersofMercy,andMr.T.Codalongs(brotherofthebride)and Mr.T.McCann(cousinofthe groom)weretheserversofthe Mass.Thechildren'schoirsang themusicoftheMass,withMiss H.Faulknerattheorgan.

AmongthosepresentwereMr T.Brennan,senr.,uncleandgodfatherofthebridegroom,who travelledbyairfromBrisbaneto bepresentatthewedding;and Mr.L.Codalongo,uncleandgodfatherofthebride,whocame fromCollie.

Areceptionwasheldlaterat Keogh'sHall,whereMrs.Codalonga,assistedbyMrs.Cannan, grandmotherofthegroom,receivedtheguests.Rev.FatherAhern actedaschairman,andtheusual toastswerehonouredandmany telegramsread.Theyoungcouple,receivingthecongratulations

andgoodwishesoftheirmany friends,leftfortheSouth-West, wherethehoneymoonwasspent. Thebridetravelledinafrockof fawncrepeembroideredinniggerbrownsilk,withhattomatch.Mr. andMrs.Brennanwillmaketheir homeinRivervale.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville.

Withthekindpermissionof Rev.BrotherHyland,themeeting oo25th.inst.washeldattheC.B. College.Therewasagoodattendance,presidedoverbythepresident,Bro.L.Harris.Twonominationsformembershipwerereceived.Arrangementsweremade forbadmintonmatches:No.1v. St.Anthony's,atMidlandJunetion,andNo.2v.St.Malachi's,at IfighgateonOctober2. The meetingonOctober9willcommenceat7.30sharp.andafterwardsageneralmeetingofthe tennisclubwillbeheld.Thebusinesswillbedisposedofquickly andthenthememberswillbeentertainedatasocial.Everymemberisrequestedtoattendand theirfriendswillbecordiallywelcomed.TheNo4courthasnow beenrecommissioned.sothat memberswillget331-3percent. moretennisthanhasbeenavailablehitherto. KEOUGH'S

ForCATERING

AnyNumber.

DearCornerites

Hereweareatthebeginningof October,and,aseveryoneknows, thisisthemonthoftheHolyRosarlyandspeciallydevotedtoOur Lady.IamsureCorneriteseverywherewillpayspecialtributeto God'sHolyMotherduringthe nextfewweeks.Itisimportant fortheworkwehaveclosetoour hearts--theBushies'SchemethattheactiveaidofMarybeenlisted;andwewouldbeveryselfishtoexpecthelpfromOurBlessedLadyifwedeliberatelyneglectedherduringthetimetheChurch hasparticularlysetasideforher veneration.SogetoutyourrosarybeadsfrequentlyduringOctober,and,whereverpossible,attendtheOctoberDeotionsinyour parishchurch.Prayardentlyfor specialfavoursfromGodthrough thehandsoftheQueenofHeaven.-Sincerely.

AUNTBESSY.

-000-

QUESTIONS

1/4-7.;Answers

ThisWeek'Question:

WHATISACYNIC?

Answer: Togetaclearideaofwhata cynicreallyiswehavetoget backtotheGreekrootofthe A word.KynikosinGreekmeans clog-like;andkyon,kynos-dog. TheLatinwordfordogiscanis. Thecynicswereoriginallyasect pfGreekphilosophers,foundedby Antisthenes(bornabout444B.C.), andtheywerecharacterisedby anostentatiouscontemptfor riches,arts,scienceandamusements.Theyweresocalled fromtheirmorosemanners;they were,infact,dog-likeintheirgeneraldisposition,surly,snarling, austere.Themostfamousofall thecynicswasDiogenes.

1-

dantBessy's LETTERBOX

GinGin-road,UpperSwan. DearAuntBessy,-Iwouldlike tobecomeoneofyournieces.I gotoSt.Michael'sSchool,Herne Hill,andaminthirdstandard.My twobrothers,BrianandBill, writetoyou,andmybigbrother, Don,andmysister,Pat,usedto writetoyou.Iwouldlikeyouto sendmeaprickcard,please.I amnineyearsold.Iwillclose now.-4am,yourlovingCornerite, KATHLEENCONNOR.

DearKathleen,-AnotheryoungsterfortheteamofCornerites!

Iamdelightedtohaveyouasa niece,Kathleen,andsoverypleasedthatyouhaveaskedtobe allowedhelptheBushiessosoon. Ihaven'theardfromBrianorBill forsometime.Shakethemup! -Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle.

ATRUESTORY

Antonio'sWonderfulLion

Onasummer'sdayintheyear 1768asmallpeasantladwasflyingalongthe-white,dustyroad whichledfromVenicetothelittlevillageofPossagno.Inboth handsheclaspedabiglumpof clay,whicholdPietrothepotter hadgivenhimthatmorning.

Astheboy,whosenamewas Antonio,cameintothevillage street,severalofhisplayfellows shoutedtohimto,jointheir games,butAntonioonlyfledthe fastertoihsownhome.

"Justsee,Mother!"hecried, holdinguphisclay."Seewhat oldPietrohasgivenme!What finecastlesandbirdsandbowers Ishallbeabletomakenow!"

Sittingdownonthefloor,the ten-year-oldsculptorsettowork, neverlookingathisdinner.He wastoointentonmouldingthe claytonoticeeventhearrivalof avistor.

Thevisitorwashismother's cousin,averygrandpersoninhis ownandthevillagers'eyes,forhe washeadcookatthecastle,where theSenatorGiovanniFalier,the lordofPossagno,livedingreat state.AsaruleThomassoalwaysbroughtdelightfulscrapsof brokenmeat,butto-dayhewas empty-handed,forhewasfeeling muchtooworriedtothinkofanyonebuthimself.

"What'sthematter,Cousin?" askedAntonio'smother.

"Matterenough,Icantellyou," wasthetartreply."Justthink! Themasterisgivingagreatbanquetto-morrownight,andhas orderedmetoinventsomedecorationforthetablethathasnever beenseenbefore."

-Butyou'resocleverthat you'resuretothinkofsomething," saidhiscousin.

DearUncleBob,-Iamwriting thislettertotellvouthatIhave filledtheprickcardthatyou sentme.Wehavejustreturned fromourtwoweeks'holiday, whichIenjoyedverymuch. I didnotgotomanepictureshows, butIwenttothe"Kiwis."Itwas verygood;theywereallmen. JustbeforeweclosedschoolaMissionarypriestnamedFather Chapmantoldusallaboutthe Philippines.Well,1don'tthink thereisanythingelsetotellyou, soIwillclose.-Yourloving niece, MARGARETHOARE.

TwofactsconcerningDiogenes havebecomeverywellknown. Firstly,helivedinatub;secondly,hewentaboutthestreetsof Athenswithalanternlookingfor anhonestman.

Diogeneslivedinatubtoshow howslenderwerethesimplest needsofman.Hedressedin rags,lethisbeardgrowanddidn't carewhatpeoplethoughtorsaid abouthim.Itisrelatedthat AlexandertheGreat,curiousto seehim,oncecalledonhimwhen hewasinhistub."Whatcanfl dotopleaseyou?"inquiredthe king."Justgetoutmylight," repliedthecynic.Thisplainand proudanswerpleasedthemonarchsomuchthathewentback thinking:"WereInotAlexandertheGreat,Iwouldwishtobe Diogenes.

Diogenestroubledsolittleabout whatwouldbecomeofhimthat heallowedafellow-citizentosell himasaslave;buthismaster soondiscoveredtheintellectof thisqueermanandentrustedto himtheeducationofhisson. Diogenesdiedin323B.C.atthe ageof96years.Thepeopleof hisnativetown,Synope,onthe BlackSea,claimedhisbody,erectedstatuestohismemoryand richlydecoratedhistombwiththe marbleheadofadog.

FluePipesforStoves,Bath Heaters,Paints,Varnish,decomine.Hassell'sStoresPerth,B6307.

"Allright,"saidthecook."Of course,you'llonlywastethebutter;still,youmayseewhatyou cando."

FortwelvehoursAntoniotoiledatthetaskhehadundertaken, Thomassocallingthroughthe dooroccasionallyfornewsofhis wonderfulwork.Antoniopaid noheedtohisjeers;butjustas thesunbegantosink,andthe hourforthebanquetdrewnear, heflungopenthedooranddisplayedhishandiworkfortheanxious,butnowdelighted,Thomasso.

Fromthatshapelesslumbof butteralionhadarisen,anda trulymagnificentanimalitwas. Everydetail,fromthefinelymouldedmuzzletothetipofits tailwasinfaultlessproportion.

IfThomassowasstruckdumb withadmirationandsurprise,still moresowerethehostandguests whenthismasterpieceappeared onthetableasitscrowningornament.

Filledwithadmirationforhis cook'sperformance,thesenator sentforhim.andloadedhimwith praise.Totheastonishmentof all,however,Thomasso'whosurelycouldhavecauseonlyforrejoicing,burstintotears.

"Alas!"heasid."Itwasnot Ibutsomeoneelse,whomoulded thatlion."

"Thenfetchhimhereatonce," commandedthesenatorfilled withcuriosityastowhotheartist couldbe.

Thereupon,tothefurtherbewildermentofthegaycompany, Thomassopresentlyreappeared, pushingaveryfrightened,ragged littlepeasantboyinfrontofhim.

Antoniowastoofrightenedto liftuphiseyes,butfromthat momenthisfortunewasmade

"Ican't!"saidThomassairritably."That'swhatisworrying me,andthetimeisgettingso short!Themasteristiredof mycastlesanddragonsinpastry, andmysugarbirdsandtreesand flowers;eventhechariotIcarved outofturnip,withringsofcarrot forgoldenwheels,doesn'tplease himnow,noryettheupright clockmadeinsweetmeats.No; northealmond-pastecrownset withjewelsofcandiedgooseberriesandcherries.Oh,whatever amItodo?"

DearMargaret,-Iamgladyou hadtheopportunityofhearingall aboutthePhilippinesdirectfrom amissionarypriest. Iamsure itwasaveryinterestingtalk. Glad,too,thatyoulikedthe Kiwis'show.Therehasbeen quitealotabouttheKiwisin "TheRecord"forthepastfew weeks.Thanksaaginforyour donationtotheScheme.-Sincerely, UNCLEBOB. ParkHills,BoyupBrook.

DearAuntBessy,--Iwouldlike tobecomeaCornerite,asIread thepagein"TheRecord."Isee wherechildrensendmoneytothe Bushies'Corner.Isthatforthe orphans? Iam9yearsoldand domyschoollessonsathomesby correspondence. Q mustclose row.-From MARIESDATTERY.

DearMarie,-Wewouldallbe delightedtohaveyouasaC,ornerite.Ithinkyouwouldalmost beouryoungest-although,when Icometothinkofit,therearea fewlittleoneshereinthecity whowriteoccasionally.The moneycontributedtotheBushies' Cornerisusedtohelpfinancethe verylargeSchemewherebyCatholicchildrenwholiveinoutback placesarebroughttogetherevery nowandthenforspecialSchools ofInstructionintheFaith;also theyaretaughtourholyreligion bycorrespondence.Therewasa lotabouttheseSchoolsinlast week'sissueof"TheRecord."You canhelp,ifyoulike,byaskingfor

Andthewretchedmanwrung hishandsindespair.

"Goonthinking,andyou'llget anideaatlast,"urgedAntonio's mother,whileAntoniohimself wastoobusyworkingathismodellingtolookorevenspeak.

"Goonthinking!"criedThomasso."Well,ifthat'sallthehelp youcangivemeI'llbeoff."

Andhemovedtowardthedoor FOroughlythathejerkedabeautifullittleswanthattheboyhad justmodelledoutofhishand.

"Oh,mypoorswan;youhave qitespoiledit!"criedAntonio, sorrowfully."Oh,howIdetest you!"addedtheboy,shakinghis fistatThomasso'sback.

"Poorman!He'sdreadfully worriedto-day,"saidhismother. "Yououghttobesorrythatyou can'thelphim,forthinkofhow oftenhebringsyoucakesand tartsandothergoodthings!"

"Sohedoes!"saidAntonio. Andfromthatmomenthebecame verysilentandappearedtobe lostindeepthought.Nextmorningatsunrisehewasknockingat thekitchendoorofthecastle.

"CousinThomasso,"hesaid,"I've thoughtofsomethingthatI'll makeforthemaster'stable,somethingthatnooneelsehasever seenbefore.Onlygivemeabig blockofbutterandalittleroom alltomyself,wherenoonecan watchmeatmywork."

Let'sHaveaPoem

AUSTRALIA.

SentinbyMargaretSander(11 years),St.JosepL'sCollege,Fremantle.

Thebeautifulredoftheblossominggum, Thegoldofthewattleround whichthebeeshum, Thescarletandgreenofthekangaroopaw, AretheloveliesthuesthatIever saw.

Thelong-leggedemuwithfeathers ofbrown, Thekangaroojumpingallupand alldown, TheweeWillieWagtailperched upinhisnest, AreAustraliancreaturesandI likethembest.

Idelightintheyellowearsof wheat, Thatprovideuswithflourand breadtoeat; Ilovethetalltreesandflowers sofair, PleaseGod,ofthisourmorning !and,takecam.

-o0o-

WORDS-that willneverbeforgotten!

AndHismotherandHisbrethrencame;andstandingwithout, sentuntoHim,callingHim.

Andthemultitudesatabout Him;andtheysaytoHim:Bs holdThymotherandThybrethrenwithoutseekforThee.

Andansweringthem,Hesaid: WhoisMymotherandMybrethren?

Andlookingroundabouton themwhosataboutHim,He saith:BeholdMymotherandMY brethren.

Forwhosoevershalldothewill ofGod,heisMybrother,andMy sisterandmother.

-MarkIII31-35.

Thesenatorapprenticedhimto Torreto,thegreatestsculptorof theday,andunderhiscareAntoniomadesuchrapidprogress thattwoyearslatertheyoung sculptorpresentedhispatronwith twobasketsinmarblefilledwith exquisitelymouldedfruits.

Thesemaystillheseeninthe FallerPalaceatVenice.Forthe littleragged,barefootladgrew intothefamourAntonioCanova, oneofthegreatestsculptorsthe modernworldhasknown.

BOOks

apennyprickcardwhich.when filled,repreesntsacontribution of2/6towardstheScheme.-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY.

Makeyourownaccessories

frommaterialsofferingin Foy'snewHomecraftSection. Hereyoumaypurchasespeciallyselectedskinsinsuitable lengthsforbags,belts,dress if) trimmings,cushions,table Ilh centres,etc.,atveryreasonableprices.Youwillfindthese materialsdelightfullyeasyto makeupandtheresultswill ^ thrillyou.

Feltisanotherexcitingmediumthatoffersunlimited - scopeforyouringenuity.Itis onsaleinFoy'sHomecraft Sectioninmanylovelycolours. 4, 4; Hereisagrandcipportunityfor youtosavemoneybymaking yourownChristmasgiftsthis year.

mileAWHILE

He:"I'mabill-collector,ladyMrs.Nuwedd:"Justamoment ndI'llgiveYouthebiggestasrtmentofbillsyoueversaw!"

Mabel:"DoesthatScottnshboy vertakeyoutothecinema ow?"

Phyllis(bitterly):"No!Ithink emusthavefoundagirlwho anseepicturesinthefire."

Anenterprisingsalesmanwas ryingtopersuadeafarmerto uyabicycle.Thefarmerwas townforthedayandhaddeerminedtoseeeverything.

"I'dratherspendmymoneyon cow,"saidhe,afterlisteningto heother'sarguments. "Butthink,"saidthesalesman, whatanidiotyou'dlookriding nacow."

"NothalfsuchanidiotasI'd ooktryingtomilkabicycle," nsweredthefarmer.

Hewaslookingforaquietspot oparkhiscar,and,seeingaside treet,turnedintoit,drewup,put hebrakeon,andwaswalkingoff whenaP.C.appeared. "Youcan'tleaveyourcar here."

"Whynot,it'saquietspot!"

"Itellyouyoucan'tleaveit here."

"But,officer,itsacul-de-sac." "Idon'tcareifit'saRolls-Royce; ringitout!'

* * SchoolTeacher:"Yourlittle irlseemsbackwardinherreadng."

Father:"Backward,eh!Isuposeshetakesafterhermother; healwaysreadsthelastchapter first."

* *

"Soyourwifedoesn'tsaymuch henyoustayoutlate?"Boggs emarkedenviously.

"No!shedoesn'tsaymuch," portlaighansweredbitterly,"but hekeepsoneternallyrepeating

Smithwashangingonalamppost.

"Man,areyoudrunk?"

"No,Iamnot,buteverytime letgothelamppost,itfalls lown."

* * *

Policeman(onpointduty): "Ili!Howwouldyouliketosee ourprison"

Motorist:"Fullofmywife'srelations!" * * *

Theparkoratorlookedaround "You,myfriend,"hesaid,waxingintentlyatamemberofhis audience,"areyoutreadingthe straightandnarrowpath?"

Themannodded."Iam."

"Anddoyoufinditeasy?"

"WhenIstartedIdidn't,but nowitcomesnaturallytome.I don'tknowhowI'dgetonifI didn'tstickrigidlytoitandkeep mymindonnothingelse."

"Andwillyouexplaintothese ladiesandgentlemenwhyyoufeel SOUshouldcontinueonthe straightandnarrowpath?"

"Certainly.IfIdidn't,I shouldfalloff.I'matightrope walker."

Shopper:"I'dliketotryon thatold-rosehatinthewindow."

Salesman:"I'msorry,madam, that'salampshade,butwe couldcopyitforyou."

Son:"Mummy,isittruethat manismadeofdust?"

Mother:"Yes,dear."

Son:"Well,Ithinkthere'llsoon beoneunderthesparebed."

Sandyhadthemisfortuneto findlodgingswherethelandlady wasneveratanytimetoolavish withthefood.Onedaywhen sheplacedaparticularlysmall morselinfrontofhimhethought ittimetoobject.

"DoyouknowwhoIam?"said themanheblewup.:'IamAir Marsha-"

Despitethevoiceofthunder, thepilotofficerreplied:"Anddo youknowwhoIam?"

"No,"saidtheairmarshal.

"ThankHeavenforthat,"sari thepilotofficer,andhurl);up."

Amanwastravellinghomeby Underground,andinthecrash wasjammedsotightlyagainst thedoorsoftheliftthathewas nearlysuffocatedandhadtobe takenhomebyambulance.

Thepolicemanwhoaccompaniedhimknockedseveraltimeson thedoorofhishouse,andatlast avoicecamefrominside:"Who isit?"

"Haven'tyoumadeamistake?" heasked.

"Why?"askedthelandlady.

"Well.myname'sSandy,not Ghandi,'camethereply.

He:"RefusemyproposalandI willrunabulletthroughmy brain."

She:"Doyouthinkyoucanhit suchasmalltarget?"

"Whatdidthedoctorsaywhen yousawhimyesterday,old man?"

"Oh,there'snothingreally wrong,butI'mtokeepoffbeer, wine,andcocktails,and-"

"Andwhisky,Isuppose?"

"Idon'tknow.Hedidn'tsay, andIcertainlywasn'tgoingto asksillyquestions."

"What'syourdefinitionofa highbrow?"

"Ahighbrow-er-ahighbrow isapersonwhoknowseverythingaboutgrammarbutnothing atallaboutlife."

Aplotofficerwasdetailedto telephoneanurgentmessageto theAirMinistry.Hewasswitchedfromonepersontothenext, untilfinallyhelosthistemper withtheseventhpersontowhom hehadbeenputthrough

"Yourhusbandishere,"answeredthepoliceman."He'sbeen crushedflatasapancakeinthe Underground,andI'vebrought himhome."

"Well,slidehimunderthe door,"wasthereplyfrominside. I'minmybath."

* *

"Whatwewant,"explainedthe employmentmanager,"isawellbehavedtrustworthymanofhigh moralcharacter.Doyouthink youcanfillthebill?"

"Yes,suh,"repliedthecoloured applicant,"noquestion'boutit, suh."

"No?"

"No,indeed,sub.Why,it wasonaccountofmygoodbehaviourdatIdonesotletoutof depenitenia'rlastweek."

BillBrawley,thestrongman ofthevillage.metanothervillagerinthelocalinn.During theirconversationBillcalledthe otheraliar.

'lihe'villagernaturallyresent. edthisremark."Lookhere, Brawley,"hesaid,"I'llgiveyou lustfiveminutestotakethat back."

Pillsmiled."Isthatso?"he replied,expandinghischestimpressively."AndsupposeIdon't takeitbackinfiveminutes?"

"Then,"saidtheother,aftera slightpause."I'llextendthe time."

BestFriendftheHumanFamilyPIUSXII

WhatthePopeHasDoneto .RelieveSuspenseandSuffering SpecialCareofPrisoners, ChildrenandRefugees

Thousandsofmen,womenand childrennowlivingowetheirlives directlytoPopePiusXII.

Thesemennowlivingwould havebeenshotifhehadnothiddenthemfromtheirenemiesor wouldhavebeensenttoslow deathinconcentrationcamps.

Thewomenandchildrenwould havestarvedordiedfromexposureiftheHolyFatherhadnot providedthemwithshelterand thefoodwhichwartimeconditionsandcallousenemiesdenied tothem.

Moreover,heartbreakandutter despairweresparedtotensof thousandsofhumblehomesbecausePopePiusXII.,whosaw somuchsufferinginGermany whenthosewarlordswerelosing thefirstWorldWar,madethe sufferingsofallhischildrenhis personalconcern.

Someonesays:

"Butthisisanoldstory.Why bringupoldwarnewsnow"

Itisnotanoldstorytomillions,evenmillionsofCatholics. Theydon'tknowthestoryand consequentlytheydon'tknowthe humanfamily'sbestfriendwhois nowthechiefhopeoftheworld, theHolyFather,PopePiusXII.

Anditisn'tonlyawarstory. Itisallstillgoingon-andwillgo onaslongasthereareprisoners anddisplacedpersonsandhunger andmissingrelatives.

TheHolyFather'seffortstohelp thevictimsbeganduringtheperiodofthe"phoneywar"inthe West.Buttherewasnothing -phoney"aboutthesufferingsin tatteredPolandafterthefirst blitzkrieg.

Amodestenquiryofficewas setupintheVaticantodealwith appealsfromdisruptedPolish familieswhowereappealingto theHolyFatherin1940totrace theirmissingrelatives.

SUSPENSE.

UptoMay,1940,60lettersarriveddaily.Ayearlatertheywere pouringinattherateof2,000a dayfromalltheinvadedcountries.

TomeettheavalanchetheSeerstariateofStaterecruitedaper-

manentstaffofabout100clerks. NunsinRomebecamevolunteer typistsforthePope.Atthe peak,600peoplewerehelpingin theVaticanInformationBureau. Aspostalcommunicationbecame moredifficulttheBureauenlistedthehelpoftheHolyFather's radio,andthestationwhichhad beenbuiltonlyforPapalbroadcastsandwasinuseonlyafew hoursdaily,wassoongivingadaylongservice.

TheVaticanBureaugradually becametheclearinghousefor othersopenedallovertheworld byApostolicDelegates.Informationthatcouldnotcome throughthepostwasaskedand givenontheair.

AllovertheworldPapalrepresentativesormenandwomen helperslistenedintotheVatican,tookdownthenamesof theirowncountrymenandnotifiedtherelatives.Washington aloneduring1943sent240,000messagestotheVaticanandreceived105,000.

Theagonisedsuspenseofthousandsoffamilies,Catholicsand non-Catholicsalikewhodidnot knowwhethertheirfathers,husbands,brotherswerealiveor dead,endedwhentheyheardfor thefirsttimefromtheVatican: "Ileisaliveandwell.'

ThePope'srepreesntativesregularlyvisitedprisoner-of-warcamps everywheretofindoutwhatthe prisonersneededandtobring themgreetingsandgiftsfromthe CommonFather.

PRISONERS.

Bishopsweresummonedtothe aidoftheDelegatesinthework ofvisitation,andfromthedeserts ofNorthAfricatoCanada'sranchesmenwhothoughtthemselvesforgottenwerecheeredand consoled.

Frenchchildrenreceivedhundreds oftonsofcod-liveroil.Belgian childrenwereprovidedwithcondensedmilk.SchoolsandhospitalswereopenedinPalestine, FranceandAfricaforrefugeechildren.Ninetybedsayearwere maintainedinthreechildren'shospitalsinFinland.Clotheswere providedfor50,000children.Great quantitiesofmedicinesandserums weresenttoWarsawforthepreventionandreliefofchildren'sdiseasesduringtwograveepidemics.

CHILDRZN.

Notcontentwithallowingthe SistineChoirtoperformatseveral entertainmentsforrefugeechildreninRomelastChristmas,the Hob'Fatherhimselfwenttoa

canlorrydriverwaskilledinan airattack.

Morethan8,500refugeesfrom Genzanofledtothecavesabove thenear-bylake.Theyweresuppliedwithfoodandimproviseddispensarieswereopened.Thesick andagedweregotawaytosafer localities.

Forthisonecamp,withits11.000 livinginconditionsofindescribablemisery,thePontificalAid Commissionprovidedfromthat Easteronwardsregularfoodsupplies,aschool,hospital,aresident chaplainandnuns,andsosaved thelivesofthousands.

InRomeitselfthebreadration wasdowntothreeandahalfouncesdaily,andtomaintaineven thattheauthoritiesappealedto thePope.InVaticanlorries,from FebruarytoJune,5.000tonsof flourwascarried.Thirtyofthese lorriesweredamagedordestroyed inairraidsandthreedriverswere killed.

Thatflour,however,represented awholemonth'sbreadration formanytheirsoleregularfoodtorthe1,500,000peoplethenin Rome.

TheuniversaldistressinRome earlyin1944becamesoacutethat thebreadgiftsweresupplemented 1:ythedistributionof485tonsof foodcollectedfromcountrydistrictsoutsidethecitybyVatican lorries.Thiswasfollowedby theopeningofsoupkitchens.

REFUGEES.

HaveYourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Beast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

RandolphKnapp

(W.A.O.A.)

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN.

12ATWELLARCADE.

FREMANTLE-L1582.

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET.SUBIACO.

RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort.

W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor.

(LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

S.BEECROFT,Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold Phone:W1979.

DUKEOFYORKHOTEL

NABROGIN

NewLounge,DiningRooms, andCommercialRooms.

ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor. PederickContinualHotWater installedthroughout.

Tobrightenlifeinthecamps thePapalvisitorstookconcertinas,playingcards,studybooks, materialforartsandcrafts,cigarettes,clothesandfoodparcels. EveryyeartheHolyFatherwrote aChristmasgreetingwhichwas printedandsentwiththeother giftsboughtfromthealmshe gave. ThevisitsoftheDelegateswere alwaysawelcomebreakincamp monotony.Theprogramme,after MassandanaddresstotheCatholics,usuallyincludedaroundof thecampandmeetingwiththe men'srepresentativestodistribute thegifts,chatswiththesick,the takingofmessagesforthemen's familesandoftenaconcert.These visitsoftenledtobettermentin thegenerallivingconditions.

Thebiggestefforttomeetthe spiritualneedsoftheCatholics wastheorganisationofadequate chaplaincyservices.

SidebysidewithPapalprisoner-of-warcharitieswentcharities forotherwarvictimsofevery kind-refugees,internees.famishedpopulations.

children'spartyatthePontifical GregorianUniversityanddistributedpackagesofsweets,toys, foodandclothesto2,000little oneswhoseagesrangedfromthree toeight.Thatsamedayanother 12,000childrenreceivedsimilar Papalgifts.

AidwasnotconfinedtoCatholiccountriesortoCatholics.Last summerDr.Kubowitzki,secretarygeneraloftheWorldJewishCongressinNewYork,visitedand thankedtheHolyFatherforhis aidtoJewsalloverEurope.

HundredsofJewswereshelteredinreligiousinstitutionsin Rome.OncethePopehelped themtocompleteagold-tribute exactedofthem.InSouthern Francehisalmsmaintained100 Jewishchildreninhiding:the ArchbishopofToulousetooksome intohisownpalace.

ItwasduetothePapalNuncio inRumania,astheChiefRabbi latertestified,thattheJewsthere weresavedfromdeportation abroadforforcedlabour.

AlthoughtheHolyFatherhelpedthroughhisdonations,distributedbyApostolicDelegates, everycountryravagedbybattles andairraids,inwar-sweptItaly, andinhisowndioceseofRome, hewasnaturallyabletoperform avasterandmorepersonalwork ofrelief.

TomakeanEasterbreadgiftto t'esanorefugeecamp,HisHolinessaskedtheVaticanbakeryto workovertimeandwenthimself onHolySaturdaytoblessthe loaves.

InGreecewhenfamineledto desperateconditionsPapalfood kitchenswereopened,freemedicinecentresandaninformation office. SpecialrationswereissuedtothesickAndessential foodssoldcheaplytothegeneral public. Visitstointernmentcampswere madeonthesamelinesastoprisoner-of-warcamps. Childwarvictimswerefrom thefirstoneoftheHolyFather's deepestconcerns.Dutchand

WiththeAlliedlandingsthere fugeeproblembegan.Itreacheditspeakpointintheearly monthsof1944whenwholepopulationshadtoleavethetowns southofRome.

AfterthetakingofRome,the PontificalAidCommissionbegan theimmensetaskofhelpingrefugeeshome.Morethan53.000in RomeweresenthometoSardinia. SicilyandtheSouthofItaly. Byitsownlorries-flyingthe Papalflag-byboatandtrain theCommissionrepatriated20,000 people.Incollaborationwith Governmentorganisationsithelpedtorepatriate32,000more.

Theurgentneedofthesickin the"Castelli"townsandtheinnumerablevictimsinthedevastatedCassinoandAnzioregionsled totheformationofspecialmedicalservicesbythePontificalAid Commission.Inits1944antimalariacampaignitdistributed medicinesto50,000peopleinthese areasbesides10,000leafletstelling howtoavoidandovercomethe disease.

wentaboutonfootamongthe crowdsconsolingandblessingthe people.

Onthesecondoccasionthe Pope'scarlefttheVaticanimmediatelytheall-clearsounded. Meetingastretchercaseheleft hiscarandblessed'thesufferer. Theman'sbloodstainedhiswhite soutane.

Inadditiontoallthesespecific giftsdetailed,theHolyFather gavemanythousandsofpounds tothecountrieswhichsuffered mostfrombombing.Britaingot ageneroussharefromthisfund.

Itwasnotuntiltheoccupation ofRomewasended,however,that theHolyFatherwasabletogive reintohisdeeppersonalconcern forthefightingmenofallnations.

Thenheflungwidehisdoors tosoldiersfromalllandsofthe earth.

Formonths4,000nr5,000aday flockedtotheVaticantoseetheir CommonFatherandreceivealovingwelcome.

POST-WAR.

Thewarhasendednowbutthe Papally-inspiredreliefworkonly growsthemore.Reliefconvoys oflorriesflyingthePapalflag, staffedbyteamsofpriests,doctorsandnurseshavebeenbringingsuccourtothousandsofwar victims.

AssoonasthecollapseofGermanybeganPapallorries,followingcloseoiltheadvanceofthe ex-slavelabourers,displacedpersons,prisonersandconcentration campvictims.

TheHolyFatherenvisagesa long-termpolicyforthiswork.The threemaincentresareatUlm, MunichandLinz. Here,food, medicines,clothingandsupplementarygiftssuchasbooksaredistributed.

PapalhelpersinthisworkofcharityhasbeensetupinParispreparedtocontinuewiththework foryearsifneedhe.Thiscentre actsasaclearinghouse.

Herereliefmissionsfromdifferentcountriescanarrangeforthe necessarytransportandpermits forparticularreliefmissionsdestinedforthevariouswar-scarred countries,whichnowembracethe EastaswellasEurope.

Besides27anti-malariaaid-posts, itisnowmaintaining22dispensariesintheworsthitdistricts. whilethediocesansectionsmaintainover100more.

Oneofthefirstdispensariesto beopenedforrefugeechildrenwas dedicatedtoOurLady,Queenof Ireland,inrecognitionofagift of£500fromtheIrishRedCross.

SYMPATHY.

Afterthefirstbombardmentof RomeHisHolinesslefttheVaticananddrovewithoutescort,accompaniedonlybyMgr.Montini, tothesceneofthebombing.He ledprayersforthedeadbefore theruinedBasilicaofSt.Laurence-Outside-the-Walls,andthen

Meanwhile,theHolyFather continuestoappealtohisworldwidefamilyforaidforthesufferingmembers.

Listeninatalmostanyhourof thedayandyouwillhearthe voicesofVaticanannouncersreadinglonglistsofnamesandaddresses.Everyname,everyaddress,everymessageofgreeting hastakenmonthsandperhaps Yearstoobtain.

Toawifeoramotheritmeans lifeitself. E.O'C.

Atonetimeupto10,000people throngedtheHolyFather'ssummerresidence,CastelGandolfo, itsgroundsandtheadjoiningsummerresidenceofPropagandaFide College. IntheperiloustaskofsupplyingthemwithfoodfromRome -atthePope'sexpense-aVati-

St.Mary'sChristian Brothers'College, LEEDERVILLE

AnnualSportsMeeting

OnWednesday,September25,St. Mary'sCollegehelditsFifthAnnualSportsMeetingatLeederville Oval.Conditionswereidealand manycompetitorsshowedgreat. promise.

Outstandingamongtheathletes werePeterWillams(under15) andRobertSmith(under13,who wonalleventsintheirrespective ages.Outstandingalsowas NevilleBrownrigg(under16), whogained36pointsoutofapossible40.

Thechampionsforthevarious

ageswere:

Open:13.Williams.

Under16:N.Brownrigg.

Under15:P.Williams.

Under14:J.Walsh,

Under13:R.Smith.

Under12:D.Sutcliffe.

Under11:D.Linton.

Under10:G.Sutherland.

Thefollowingrecordswerebrok-

en:

Open:

90YardsHurdles:B.Williams (13.1seca.)

HighJump:J.Chilvers(5ft.).

440Yards:R.Healy(57.3sec.).

Under16: 100Yards:N.Brownrgg(11.4 sec.).

220Yards:N.Brownrigg(24,6 sec.).

HighJump:B.Murdoch15ft.).

Under16:

BroadJump:P.Willams(16ft. 6in.).

220Yards:P.Williams(26.6 sec.).

440Yards:P.Williams(61sec.).

Under10: 50Yards:G.Sutherland(71 sec.).

ResultsofTeamCompetition were:Gold,4361i;Blue,420i; Maroon,380i;Green,3781 Results.

Open:

BroadJump:B.Williams,1; N.Brownrigg,2;J.Connaughton, 3 100YardsChampionship:J. Connaughton,1;R.Healy,2;B. Williams,3.

"B"Grade:J.Waters,1.

90YardsHurdles:B.Williams, 1;R.Healy,2;J.Chilvers,3. Time,13.1sec.(record).

"B"Grade:L.Dawson,1.

220YardsChampionship:J.Connaughton,1;R.Healy,2;N. Reader,3. "II"Grade:L.Dawson,1.

HighJump:J.Chilvers,1;W. West,2;B.Williams,3.Height, 5ft.(record).

TunnelBall:Green,1;Maroon, 2:Gold,3.

440YardsChampionship:R. Healy,1;B.Wiliams,2;J.Connaughton,3. Time,57.3sec.(record).

"B"Grade:J.Waters,1.

MileChampionship:J.Waters, 1;J.Stewart,2;B.Williams,3. MileHandicap:J.Abbott,1;W. Sheridan,2;K.Waters,3. Under16:

RelayRace:Maroon,1;Blue, 2.Green,3.

FreshMilkDaily

HOUSERENOVATORS

PARKERANDBLACKFORD 12CarrStreet, (ExC.B.C.andR.A.A.F.) WestPerth.

CEILINGSASPEOTALTV,

the dvertising Rates

Birth,Engagement,Marriage,Death,Funeral,InMemoriam, andBereavementNotices:4s.for35words;ld.perword over (EngagementAnnouncementsmustbesignedbybothparties)

ReportsofFunerals:3s.persinglecolumninch(50wordstoan inch.

WeddingReports:3spersinglecolumninch,forspaceused byblockandletterpress,pluscostofphoto.block.Reports withoutphoto4s.perinch.Reportstobesanctionedby ParishPriest.

ForSale,ToLet,Situations(WantedorVacant),andBoard andResidence:20wordsfor2/6;ovecl20,ld.perwordetxta. SchoolResultsmustbeaccompaniedbyletterofauthorisation andmustbetypewrittenorinblockletters,andwillbepublishedintheorderreceivedatthisoffice.

ContractRatesforgeneraladvertisingonapplicationtoAdvertisingManager.

TheManagementreservetherighttorefuseanyadvertisement itdeemsunsuitable.

TheManagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustainedfromerrorsoromissionswhichmayoccurinadvertisements.

Allenquiriesconcerningadvertisingshouldbeaddressedto theAdvertisingManager,"TheRecord."450HayStreet, Perth.'PHONE:B6950.

100YardsChampionship:N. Brownrigg,1;G.Milner,2;B. Fitzpatrick,3.Time,11.4sec.(re cord).

"B"Grade:J.Todd,1. "C"Grade:J.Kelly,1. HighJump:B.Murdock,1,K. Clarke,2;N.Brownrigg,3.Height, 5ft.(record).

90YardsHurdles:N.Brownrigg,1;13.Fitzpatrick,2;B.Murdock,3. "B"Grade:P.Sheridan.

220YardsChampionship:N. Brownrigg,1;G.Milner,2;B.Fitzpatrick,3. Time,26.4sec.(record).

"B"Grade:J.Todd. "C"Grade:P.Sheridan.

440YardsChampionship:N. Brownrigg,1;B.Fitzpatrick,2; B.Murdock,3.

"B"Grade:J.Todd.

"C"Grade:P.Sheridan. Under15:

BroadJump:P.Williams,1;L. Candido,2;J.Wallace,3.Distance,16ft.6in.(record).

RelayRace:Green,1;Gold,2; Maroon,3.

100YardsChampionship:P. Williams,1;L.Candido,2;J. Clarkson,3.

"B"Grade:F.Kelsall,1. "C"Grade:K.Waters,1. 90YardsHurdles:P.Williams, 1;L.Candido,2;J.Clarkson,8. Time,14.2(equalsrecord).

"B"Grade:F.Kelsall,1.

220YardsChampionship:P. Williams,1;L.Candido,2;J. Clarkson,3. Time,26.6sec.(record).

"B"Grade:FKelsall,1. "C"Grade:K.Waters,1. SackRace:D.Marinko,1.

440YardsChampionship:P. Williams,1;L.Candido,2;J. Clarkson,3.Time,61se.(record).

"B"Grade:F.Kelsall,1. "C"Grade:K.Waters,1.

440YardsHandicap(forboys under12whohavenotwona race):B.McGee,1. 440YardsHandicap(forboys over12whohavenotwonarace):

B.Kelly,1.

Under14:

HighJump:J.Walsh,1;T. Limana,2;B.Dellaca,3. MusicalChairs:R.Reader,1. RelayRace:Gold,1;Blue,2; Green,3.

100YardsChampionship:F. Ryan,1;R.Miller,2;J.Walsh,3. "B"Grade:D.Marinko.1. "C"Grade:CCreed,1. "D"Grade:J.Sutherland,1. "E"Grade:A.Kay,1.

90YardsHurdles:B.Simth,1; J.Walsh,2;R.Miller,3. "B"Grade:D.Marinko,1.

220YardsChampionship:J. Walsh,1;F.Ryan,2;R.Miller,3. "B"Grade:D.Marinko,1. "C"Grade:MHale,.1. "D"Grade:J.Sutherland. "E"Grade:E.Owen,1. TunnelBall:Gold,1;Green,2; Blue,3.

Under13:

BroadJump:R.Smith,1;D. Sutcliffe,2;W.O'GradyandB. Kelly,3.

100YardsChampionship:R. Smith,1;B.Dellaca,2;W. O'Grady,3. "B"Grade:A.Dwyer,1. "C"Grade:T.Sugget,1.

220YardsChampionship:R. Smith,1;B.Kelly,2;B.Fergusson,3. "B"Grade:A.Dwyer,1. "C"Grade:K.O'Brien,1. SackRace:J.PooleyandJ.Abbot,1. RelayRace:Green,1;Maroon, 2;Gold,3.

Under12:

100YardsChampionship:D. Sutcliffe,1;G.Bomford,2;J. Abbot,3.

"B"Grade:

"B"Grade:R.Saracini,1. "C"Grade:B.Power,1. "D"Grade:T.Colley,1. HighJump:J.Whitely,1;J. Ryan,2:D.Linton,3. RelayRace:Gold,I;Green,2, Maroon,3. Under10:

50YardsChampionship:G. Sutherland,1;G.McIntyre,2;R. Rock,3.Time,7.lsec.(record). "B"Grade:D.Milner,1. "C"Grade:J.Broderick,1. HighJump:M.Abbott,1;G. McIntyre,2;W.Broderick,3. 100YardsChampionship:G. Sutherland,1;W.;Broderick,2; M.Abbot,8. "B"Grade:D.Milner,1. "C"Grade:J.Broderick,1. SackRace:M.Abbot,1. RelayRace:Maroon,1;Blue,2; Gold,3.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

Hereunderareresultsofsemifinalsandfinalsplayedlastweekend: "A"GradeMixed(Final): St.Mary's,9sets86gamesv. St.Joachim's,9sets80games. -"B"Grade,Men(Final): St.Joachim's,9sets80games, Columba,7sets77games. "C"Grade,Men(Final): Highgate,11sets81games,v. St.Mary's,5sets61games. "D"Grade,Men(Final): Hiihgate,7sets59games,v.St. Joachim'sNo.1,5sets59games. "C"Grade,Ladies(Semi-Finals): Highgate,6sets54games,v. StaroftheSea,6sets51games. Columbav.St.Anthony's.St. Anthony'sforfeited.

"D"Grade,Ladies(Final): St.Thomas,Ssets59games,v. StaroftheSea,4sets48games.

FixturesforThisWeek-End.

Saturday,October5. "C"Grade,Ladies(Final): Columbav.Highgate,atHighgate,2p.m.

Sunday,October6. "B"Grade,Men(ChallengeFinal) Highgatev.St.Joachim's,at Highgate,1.30p.m "D"Grade,Men(ChallengeFinal) HighgateNo.1v.HighgateNo. 2,atHighgate,10.30a.m. Thedrawfortheopeningrounds intheAssociationChampionships areasfollows:

Sunday,October6,atSt.Mary's Leedervilie,

Men: 10.30a.m.:R.Fergusonv.J.K. Tondut;B.ClearvR.Phipps;K. Kellyv.G.Furlong.

11.30a.m.:K.Harveyv.J.McMurphy;D.Thorntonv.W.P. Harvey;B.McGinnityvP.C. Sullivan.

1.30p.m.:T.WG.DavisvJ. Quigley;K.Kellyv.R.Forbes:. B.Clearv.K.G.Brown. 2.30p.m.:J.K.Tondutv.WtO B.McGinnityv,P.C.Sullivan. Ladies: N.HarfordvN.Carroll;B. MahervP.McGrade. 3.30:M.J.HitchcockvJ.Casey; D.HitchcokvK.diarford:J. QuealyvJ.Eckersley.

DrawforSunday,October6.

AtSt.Joachim's,VctoriaPark.

Men: 10.45a.m.:K.MilnevC.Raynor;L.HarrisvL.Graham;J. EastcottvGEdwards;H.Easton vM.Eldredge. 11.30a.m.:S.DwyervM. O'Loughlin;P.RyanvJ.J.Edwards;LMcGovernv0:Hanlon.

Ladies: 1.30p.m.:R.RyanN'P.Dillon; J.RyanvM.Earle;V.Earle H.Dillon

Men: J.CarrolvW/OHanlonvL. McGovern.

2.30p.m.:W/OK.MilnevC. RaynervW/OHarrisvGraham; W/OEastcottvEdwardsvW/O DwyervO'Loughlin;P.Caseyv W/ORyanvJ.J.Edwards.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

QnOctober13,asmostofyou know,thereistobeacombined YouthMassatSt.Mary'sCathedral,tomarktheopeningof YouthWeek(13th.-19th.October). Thedaywillbemarkedbyother denominationswithareligious ceremonyatWinthropHall.It isonlybyeachonedoingherbit thatwecanhopetohaveagood crowdattheCathedral.So rally,girls,rally. AftertheMasstherewillbea rivertrip,withthelaunchesleavingBarrack-streetJettyat12.45 p.m.Moredetailswillbeobtainablefromyourbranchmeetings.

FREMANTLEBRANCH. Dances.

St.PatricksHallistherendezvousformembersofN.C.G.M.and Y.C.W.everyThursdaynight. Onceamonthweholdacarnival, andaccordingtoallaccountseach oneisbetterthanthelastSo beinthefunnextThursday night. Alsodon'tforgetthelearn-todanceclassesonfirstandthird Sundaynightsforthosewhohave notyetmasteredthegracefulart.

AraluenPicnic.

Wewishtocongratulateour Y.C.W.Branchontheirpicnicto AraleunonSeptember22.Organisationwasperfect,andallhada wonderfultime,Proofofthisis tobehadintheconstantquery: When'sthenext?"

Rehearpals.

ThespeakingpartswillberehearsingattheBrothers'afterDevotionsonSundaynight.

SUBLA.00BRANCH.

Agoodnumberofgirlsareattendingthegeneralmeetingheld everyalternateTuesdayinthe hall,butwewouldstillliketosee somemorecomealong.Thequiz whichhasbeencarriedonforseveralweeksisnearingitsconclusion,butlateronanotheronewill berunsoanyquiz-kidsinthe parish,pleasecomealong.

PhysicalCulture.

TheP.T.classisprogressingbY leapsandbounds-overthehorse -whilethegirlsintheteamfor theYouthWeeksportsarepractisingveryenthusiastically.Now thattheswimmingseasonisapproaching,you'llneedtoComealongtogym., 'Cosit'llmakeyouslim, You'llhaveafiguretrim, Andstrengtheneverlimb. Choir. ThisisaSundaynightfeature. andrequiresasmuchquantityas quality.Youreallydon'tknow whetheryoucansingornottill yougetwithacrowd,socome alongandtryyourselfout.We singeverything,fromChopinto well,youcanallhaveasayin whatyousingaslongasyoucome along.Don'tforget.afterDevotionsonSunday.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

BranchMeeting.

,Alotmorenewfaceswereseen atourlastgeneralmeeting.You areverywelcome,girls,andwe hopeyourealisethisisyour branch,anditisuptoyouto makeitasuccess.MissShirley Lovetookthegirlsforballetand isquiteimpressedwiththeirabilityandprogress.

Dressmaking.

Allthegirlsarebusyontheir uniforms,sobeonshelook-out. folks,forthegirlsinlightblue skirtsandblouses.

ChoralGroup.

R.Harrington,I.

TunnelBall:Green,1;Gold,2; Maroon,3. RelayRace:Green,1;Gold,2: Maroon,3. Under11:

75YardsChampionship:N.Fergusson,1;J.Ryan,2;M.Green,3.

"B"Grade:P.Goerke,1. "C"Grade:B.Power,1.

"D"Grade:T.Colley,1.

MusicalChairs:P.Goerke,1.

100YardsChampionship:M. Green,1;D.Whitely,2;D.Linton,3.

3.30p.m.:MissV.EarleandP. CaseyvMissTraversandM. O'Loughlin;MissJ.RyanandL. RyanvI.CoganandJ.Eastcott; MissR.RyanandJ.Edwardsv MissMarshandL.Graham;Miss H.DillonandJ.CarrollvM. EarleandG.Edwards.

Competitorsareadvisedthat furthermatchesmaybearranged onthecourtsduringthedaY.

Thefollowingeventswillbe openforentryuntilMonday,October7; "C"Grade:Ladies'Singles; Ladies'Doubes;MixedDoubles. "D"Grade:Lades'Singles; Ladies'Doubles:MixedDoubles.

Comeon,youY.C.W.'s!We shoutedforyouatthefootball; it'suptoyoutohingwithus. Wearehardatworkpreparing fortheFeastofChristtheKing, andweneedsomemoremale voices.Whataboutit?Girls alsoarerequired.Wewilltrain you. Wearylegsandsunburntbacks galoreaftertheverysuccessful bikehiketoHelenaValelastSunday.Stillwehadagreattime. TargetfornextSunday,Scarborough.

Ahighlightofourlastdance wastheannouncementoftheengagementofPatBarretttoGerry Lyons(secretaryoftheY.C.W.). Congrats.,kids!andbestofluck.